As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.TreeSet;

public class Main
{	
	/********************************************** a list of common variables **********************************************/
	private MyScanner scan = new MyScanner();
	private PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
	private final double PI = Math.acos(-1.0);
	private final int SIZEN = (int)(1e6);
	private final int MOD = (int)(1e9 + 7);
	private final int[] DX = {0, 1, 0, -1}, DY = {-1, 0, 1, 0};
	private ArrayList<Integer>[] edge;
	
	public void foo()
	{
		int n = scan.nextInt();
		int m = scan.nextInt();
		int k = scan.nextInt();
		int p = scan.nextInt();
		long[] row = new long[n];
		long[] col = new long[m];
		for(int i = 0;i < n;++i)
		{
			for(int j = 0;j < m;++j)
			{
				int a = scan.nextInt();
				row[i] += a;
				col[j] += a;
			}
		}
		PriorityQueue<Long> qr = new PriorityQueue<Long>(n, new Comparator<Long>()
		{
			public int compare(Long l1, Long l2)
			{
				return l1 < l2 ? 1 : -1;
			}
		});
		PriorityQueue<Long> qc = new PriorityQueue<Long>(m, new Comparator<Long>()
		{
			public int compare(Long l1, Long l2)
			{
				return l1 < l2 ? 1 : -1;
			}
		});
		for(int i = 0;i < n;++i)
		{
			qr.offer(row[i]);
		}
		for(int i = 0;i < m;++i)
		{
			qc.offer(col[i]);
		}		
		long[] dpr = new long[k + 1];
		long[] dpc = new long[k + 1];
		for(int i = 1;i <= k;++i)
		{
			long r = qr.poll();
			long c = qc.poll();
			dpr[i] = dpr[i - 1] + r;
			dpc[i] = dpc[i - 1] + c;
			qr.offer(r - m * p);
			qc.offer(c - n * p);
		}
		long ans = Long.MIN_VALUE;
		for(int i = 0;i <= k;++i)
		{
			ans = Math.max(ans, dpr[i] + dpc[k - i] - (long)i * (k - i) * p);
		}
		out.println(ans);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		Main m = new Main();
		m.foo();
		m.out.close();
	}

	/********************************************** a list of common algorithms **********************************************/
	/**
	 * Judge if a point is in a rectangle region
	 * @param	x	x coordinate of the point
	 * @param 	y	y coordinate of the point
	 * @param 	w	width of the rectangle
	 * @param 	h	height of the rectangle
	 * @return	true if it is int the region, false otherwise
	 */
	public boolean isLegal(int x, int y, int w, int h)
	{
		return x >= 0 && x < w && y >= 0 && y < h;
	}
	
	/**
	 * KMP match, i.e. kmpMatch("abcd", "bcd") = 1, kmpMatch("abcd", "bfcd") = -1.
	 * 
	 * @param	t	String to match.
	 * @param	p	String to be matched.
	 * @return	if can match, first index; otherwise -1.
	 */
	public int kmpMatch(char[] t, char[] p)
	{
		int n = t.length;
		int m = p.length;
		int[] next = new int[m + 1];
		next[0] = -1;
		int j = -1;
		for(int i = 1;i < m;++i)
		{
			while(j >= 0 && p[i] != p[j + 1])
			{
				j = next[j];
			}
			if(p[i] == p[j + 1])
			{
				++j;
			}
			next[i] = j;
		}
		j = -1;
		for(int i = 0;i < n;++i)
		{
			while(j >= 0 && t[i] != p[j + 1])
			{
				j = next[j];
			}
			if(t[i] == p[j + 1])
			{
				++j;
			}
			if(j == m - 1)
			{
				return i - m + 1;
			}
		}
		return -1;
	}

	/**
	 * Get greatest common divisor
	 * @param	a	an argument
	 * @param	b	another argument
	 * @return	greatest common divisor
	 */
	public int gcd(int a, int b)
	{
		return 0 == b ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Get the minimum distance from a point to a segment (not a line) 
	 * @param	x	x coordinate of the point
	 * @param	y	y coordinate of the point
	 * @param	x1	x coordinate of one point of the segment
	 * @param 	y1	y coordinate of one point of the segment
	 * @param 	x2	x coordinate of another point of the segment
	 * @param 	y2	y coordinate of another point of the segment
	 * @return	the minimum distance from point (x, y) to segment (x1, y1)-(x2, y2)
	 */
	public double ptToSeg(double x, double y, double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2)
	{
		double cross = (x2 - x1) * (x - x1) + (y2 - y1) * (y - y1);
		if(cross <= 0)
		{
			return (x - x1) * (x - x1) + (y - y1) * (y - y1);
		}
		double d = (x2 - x1) * (x2 - x1) + (y2 - y1) * (y2 - y1);
		if(cross >= d) 
		{
			return (x - x2) * (x - x2) + (y - y2) * (y - y2);
		}
		double r = cross / d;
		double px = x1 + (x2 - x1) * r;
		double py = y1 + (y2 - y1) * r;
		return (x - px) * (x - px) + (y - py) * (y - py);
	}
	
	class MyScanner
	{
	    private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
	    private int curChar;
	    private int numChars;
	    BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(System.in);

	    public int read() 
	    {
	        if (-1 == numChars)
	        {
	        	throw new InputMismatchException();
	        }
	        if (curChar >= numChars)
	        {
	            curChar = 0;
	            try 
	            {
	                numChars = bis.read(buf);
	            }
	            catch (IOException e)
	            {
	                throw new InputMismatchException();
	            }
	            if (numChars <= 0)
	            {
	            	return -1;
	            }
	        }
	        return buf[curChar++];
	    }

	    public int nextInt() 
	    {
	        int c = read();
	        while (isSpaceChar(c))
	        {
	        	c = read();
	        }
	        int sgn = 1;
	        if (c == '-') 
	        {
	            sgn = -1;
	            c = read();
	        }
	        int res = 0;
	        do 
	        {
	            if (c < '0' || c > '9')
	            {
	            	throw new InputMismatchException();
	            }
	            res *= 10;
	            res += c - '0';
	            c = read();
	        } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
	        return res * sgn;
	    }
	    
	    public long nextLong() 
	    {
	    	int c = read();
	    	while (isSpaceChar(c))
	    	{
	    		c = read();
	    	}
	    	int sgn = 1;
	    	if (c == '-') 
	    	{
	    		sgn = -1;
	    		c = read();
	    	}
	    	long res = 0;
	    	do 
	    	{
	    		if (c < '0' || c > '9')
	    		{
	    			throw new InputMismatchException();
	    		}
	    		res *= 10;
	    		res += c - '0';
	    		c = read();
	    	} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
	    	return res * sgn;
	    }
	    
	    public double nextDouble() 
	    {
	        int c = read();
	        while (isSpaceChar(c))
	        {
	        	c = read();
	        }
	        int sgn = 1;
	        if (c == '-')
	        {
	            sgn = -1;
	            c = read();
	        }
	        double res = 0;
	        while (!isSpaceChar(c) && c != '.') 
	        {
	            if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
	            {
	            	return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
	            }
	            if (c < '0' || c > '9')
	            {
	            	throw new InputMismatchException();
	            }
	            res *= 10;
	            res += c & 15;
	            c = read();
	        }
	        if (c == '.') 
	        {
	            c = read();
	            double m = 1;
	            while (!isSpaceChar(c)) 
	            {
	                if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
	                {
	                	return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
	                }
	                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
	                {
	                	throw new InputMismatchException();
	                }
	                m /= 10;
	                res += (c & 15) * m;
	                c = read();
	            }
	        }
	        return res * sgn;
	    }
	    
	    public String next()
	    {
	        int c = read();
	        while (isSpaceChar(c))
	        {
	        	c = read();
	        }
	        StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
	        do 
	        {
	            res.appendCodePoint(c);
	            c = read();
	        } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
	        return res.toString();
	    }

	    private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) 
	    {
	        return ' ' == c || '\n' == c || '\r' == c || '\t' == c || -1 == c;
	    }
	}
}