A British man suspected of being part of an Islamic State group that beheaded hostages has been convicted of a terrorism offence in Turkey.

Aine Davis, 33, of London, had been arrested in 2015 near Istanbul.
He was found guilty of being a senior member of a terrorist organisation and jailed for seven-and-a-half years.
The BBC understands Davis was one of a four-man IS cell nicknamed "The Beatles", which included the person dubbed Jihadi John.
Davis, the only one of the group to face a trial, had denied the charges against him.
One of the group's former captives welcomed the conviction by a Turkish judge at the court in at Silivri.
Spanish journalist Javier Espinosa, who was subjected to mock executions, told BBC News it did not matter where Davis was tried.
"He should face justice wherever it is. It doesn't matter if it's in England or Turkey or wherever. He should be in jail forever."
Davis is a convert to Islam who has a string of drug and firearms convictions in the UK.
He left his home in west London in 2013 and joined the so-called Islamic State group.
His wife, Amal El-Wahabi, was jailed in November 2014 for funding his terrorism following a trial at the Old Bailey.
Davis was arrested in November 2015 in a counter terrorism operation centred on a house in Silivri, a coastal town just outside Istanbul.
The trial heard how he had been tracked there by Turkish police and intelligence officials days after being smuggled out of Syria by IS.
Monitoring of encrypted text messages suggested he was meeting an unnamed man suspected of plotting a terror attack in Turkey.
When police raided the house in Silivri they found a group of men, including three other Britons who were also accused of being members of a terrorist organisation - IS - charges they each denied.
The case was recently dropped against two of them - Mohammed Karwani, 40, from London, and Jermaine Burke, 29, from High Wycombe, who will be deported to the UK.
Two other men were convicted by the court, while a third Briton, Deniz Solak, 33, from east London, was found not guilty.
Days after the arrests IS operatives killed 130 people in Paris. Press reports in Turkey suggested Davis was suspected of planning a simultaneous attack but he was never accused of that in his trial.
In court, the prosecution said Davis was a senior member of IS.
Asked about allegations that he was a friend of the IS hostage killer Mohammed Emwazi or "Jihadi John", he admitted knowing him from praying at the same west London mosque, but denied being a friend.
Davis told the judge that press stories falsely claimed he was one of the British IS guards - nicknamed "The Beatles" - who held and killed hostages.
He said he was not the head of that unit, adding: "I am not ISIS. I went to Syria because there was oppression in my country."
Speaking in English before the verdict, he told the court: "I want to make clear I am innocent of the chargesâ€¦
"I don't even know why this case has taken so long to judge. I just want my freedom."
Despite these denials, the BBC understands Davis was one of the four Beatles. Emwazi was killed in a US missile strike days after Davis was arrested.
The US State Department recently named fellow west Londoners Alexanda Kotey, 33, and El Shafee Elsheikh as the other British members of what they called an "execution cell" accused of "beheading more than 27 hostages and torturing many more".
They are understood to still be in IS territory in Syria.


More than a hundred holiday makers had to be evacuated from a Florida hotel in the USA after a massive sinkhole opened up underneath it.

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13 August 2013 Last updated at 09:20 BST
It was caused by limestone rock underneath buildings being eroded by water, making a big hole in the ground.
A third of the hotel fell into the hole, and more than a hundred holiday makers had to be taken to safety.
Millions of dollars of damage is caused by sinkholes in Florida every year.


A joint fatal accident inquiry into four deaths at rallies in the Highlands and Scottish Borders has started in Edinburgh.

Joy Robson died at the Snowman Rally in Inverness in 2013.
The following year, Iain Provan, Elizabeth Allan and Len Stern lost their lives at the Jim Clark Rally near Coldstream.
The inquiry at Edinburgh Sheriff Court is expected to last several weeks with dozens of people due to give evidence.
Plans to hold the hearing were confirmed late last year.
The decision followed a change in legislation to allow for a single fatal accident inquiry to be held in relation to deaths in different parts of Scotland.


PayPal customers with addresses containing the word "Isis" fear their accounts are being blacklisted.

Residents of streets such as Isis Close say payments were halted or delayed due to "keywords" linked to their orders.
Isis is the name given to part of The Thames in Oxfordshire, but it can also refer to the so-called Islamic State.
PayPal said, by law, it had to scan for terrorist and other references, but it did not have a policy of banning payments containing the name Isis.
Kim Wallace, of Isis Close, Abingdon, discovered her account had been investigated after six payments were temporarily halted, including one for a crochet kit.
She said: "It's a problem, especially with eBay, because your rating goes down. It's just annoying, but it's funny at the same time."
Sarah Carter, of Isis Avenue, Bicester, noticed payments for items she sold online had been refused but was never given an explanation.
"They [PayPal] did say maybe some of my keywords could be being flagged up.
"I tried transferring some money from my PayPal account to my normal account, which they put on hold as pending, but after 72 hours it went through."
Ray Corrigan, a senior lecturer in technology at Open University, said: "It's very easy to get tagged with a toxic word on the internet and, if you have PayPal or other large organisations using words as a way of filtering people, you are going to run into ridiculous mistakes.
"You have got perfectly respectable people in suburbs in Oxford who are going to be tagged as persona non grata."
In February, Isis Academy changed its name to Iffley Academy to avoid being confused with the jihadist organisation.


An independent craft brewer has had his beer crowned Supreme Champion at the Great British Beer Festival.

Stewart Elliott said his pale barley and citrus aroma Goat's Milk was "lucky on the day" to beat more than 20 others at the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA) organised show.
The beer is brewed at Churchend Brewery near Nuneaton, in Warwickshire.
The brewery was founded in 1994 and now employs 30 people and supplies two pubs in Stoke Golding and Worcester.
More updates on this story
Mr Elliott described his champion beer, originally brewed and named for a festival taking place in the Goat pub near Peterborough, as refreshing with a bitter finish.
"We're like a lot of small producers I imagine and we like to let it do its own thing.. eight to 10 days before we cask it and it goes out," he said.
Nick Boley, Camra's national director responsible for the competition held in London, said: "Goat's Milk is a stand out beer - it has a lovely balance of malts and hops and a full flavour.
"It is a very fine example of a bitter and incredibly refreshing."
The beer festival, which opened on Tuesday, will see more than 50,000 people visit to sample more than 900 beers, ciders and wines.


The European Commission has cleared the €1.3bn (£940m) takeover of Irish airline Aer Lingus by International  Airlines Group (IAG).

However, IAG, which owns BA and Iberia will have to give up five daily slots at Gatwick to increase competition.
The Commission said the takeover is "conditional upon commitments offered by the parties".
It had expressed concerns that the takeover would lead to insufficient competition.
The Commission said that as it stood, the deal would have stopped "Aer Lingus from continuing to  provide traffic to the long-haul flights of competing airlines on several  routes".
IAG has also entered into agreements with competing airlines that operate long-haul flights out of the UK, the Netherlands and Ireland committing Aer Lingus to  providing them with connecting passengers.
The approval comes after Ireland's low-cost carrier Ryanair on Friday accepted the bid by IAG for a  near 30% stake in Aer Lingus.
IAG's plans include building a new transatlantic hub at Dublin airport.
Ryanair had attempted to buy Aer Lingus three times, the first time in 2006, just after Aer Lingus was floated on the stock market by the Irish government.
The Irish government, which sold its 25% stake in Aer Lingus to IAG in May, recommended that Ryanair accept IAG's offer.
The deal values Aer Lingus shares at around €2.50 (£1.87) per share.
Aer Lingus is Heathrow Airport's fourth busiest operator, behind BA, Lufthansa and Virgin Atlantic.


An investigation into a helicopter crash in East Yorkshire leaving five men injured is under way.

The aircraft, a former military helicopter, crashed at the side of the runway at Breighton Aerodrome, near Selby, at about 18:00 BST on Sunday during a private flight.
All five were taken to hospital - two by air ambulance, police said.
The Air Accident Investigation Branch said: "An investigation is under way and we will report in due course."
The casualties suffered various head, back, chest and leg injuries, officials said.
An eyewitness told the BBC he was about 200 yards away from the scene when he heard a "loud bang" before the helicopter crashed to the ground.
He said he saw people running to help pull the passengers out.
The BBC has been told the aircraft was an Alouette helicopter and was previously owned by the army.
It is also understood the helicopter was coming into land when it crashed.
According to the airfield's website, a 1940's themed event had been taking place over the weekend, which was attended by private owners of classic aircrafts.
North Yorkshire Fire Service said all of the men were out of the helicopter when rescuers arrived.
The wreckage of the helicopter, said to have come down on grass at the side of the runway, has since been taken away.
Breighton Aerodrome is a former World War Two bomber base and is home to a classic aircraft collection.


A fourth person has been arrested following the death of a former footballer in Leith on New Year's Day.

Shaun Woodburn, 30, died after a disturbance in Great Junction Street.
Police Scotland said a 17-year-old was due to appear in court on Friday in connection with his death.
A 16-year-old has already been charged with murder and Mohammed Zakariyah, 18, has been charged with assault to injury. A man has also been charged with possessing an offensive weapon.
The 17-year-old is due to appear at Edinburgh Sheriff Court.
Police officers had been called to Great Junction Street at about 02:00 on Sunday 1 January after receiving reports of a disturbance.
Mr Woodburn, who played for Bonnyrigg Rose FC from 2012 to 2015, suffered serious injuries and was taken to the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary where he died later that day.
He was described by his family as a "fantastic and loving dad.


A head teacher has defended his decision to offer staff at a Lincolnshire school a "duvet day".

Bill Lord sets aside Â£3,500 from his annual budget to pay for the extra holiday for everyone at Long Sutton Primary School in Spalding.
He said it was about both recruiting and keeping "fantastic teachers in front of children".
A 'duvet day' is an absence which can be approved by the employer with no reason given.
Read more about this story and others from across Lincolnshire
Mr Lord said all staff - including himself and the cleaner - were offered one additional day a year, but had to give notice and could not take the first or last day of term off.
He said the scheme cost less to implement than the Â£4,000 process of hiring new staff and it was difficult to hire staff in rural schools.
"Often young teachers coming out of university want to be near the bright lights so they will head to [big cities].
"Each year we get to July panicking as to whether we are going to be able to have the fantastic staff that our kids deserve."
The head teacher added it was essential to offer incentives to recruit and retain employees and one member of staff used her day to attend events at her children's school.
"She said the time was far more valuable to her than a pay enhancement."
Kevin Courtney, from the National Union of Teachers, said it was "no surprise" some head teachers were offering additional benefits.
"The teacher recruitment and retention crisis that is blighting schools is brought about by the unacceptable levels of workload expected of teachers - which are unusually high in our country."
The Education Select Committee warned the government in February about a shortage of teachers in England.
At the time the Department for Education said there were record numbers of teachers and it was investing Â£1.3bn in recruitment.


Wigan Athletic's Will Grigg and Liam Boyce of Ross County are included in Northern Ireland's squad for the friendly against Belarus in Belfast.

The two strikers are battling for what is thought to be the one remaining attacking berth in the 23-man panel for the Euro 2016 tournament in France.
Both 24-year-old Grigg and former Cliftonville man Boyce, 25, have been in fine scoring form this season.
The squad will be announced on 28 May, the day after the game against Belarus.
Northern Ireland then play Slovakia away in their final Euro 2016 warm-up game on Saturday, 4 June.
If former skipper Aaron Hughes plays against Belarus he could win his 100th NI cap in the Slovakia fixture.
Northern Ireland face Poland in their first Group C game on Sunday, 12 June in Lyon.
Grigg has seven caps and last played for Northern Ireland in a challenge match against Qatar on 31 May last year.
This season he was top scorer in League One with 25 goals as Wigan secured the League One title.
Kyle Lafferty, Conor Washington, Jamie Ward and Josh Magennis are thought to be the strikers sure of inclusion for the finals in France.
Washington scored the goal in Northern Ireland's 1-0 win over Slovenia in Belfast in March.
That victory saw Northern Ireland go 10 matches unbeaten, which is the longest run in Northern Ireland's history.
"We will use the Belarus game to look at our options, our systems and how we play," said manager O'Neill.
"It's also a chance to look at personnel and to give players opportunities.
"We are on a good run at the minute and we want to continue that run.
"It is important that we approach the match in the same way as we have approached all our other games since qualification.
"In those we are unbeaten. We have won two and drawn one. We have only conceded one goal and that was from a penalty."
Northern Ireland squad: A Mannus (St. Johnstone), M McGovern (Hamilton Academical), R Carroll (Notts County); C Cathcart (Watford), J Evans (West Bromwich Albion), G McAuley (West Bromwich Albion),  L McCullough (Doncaster Rovers), C McLaughlin (Fleetwood Town),  L Hodson (MK Dons), A Hughes (Melbourne City),  D Lafferty (Burnley), P McNair (Manchester United), M Smith (Peterborough United), S Davis (Southampton), O Norwood, (Reading), C Evans, (Blackburn Rovers), S Ferguson (Millwall), B Reeves (MK Dons), S Dallas (Leeds United), N McGinn (Aberdeen), W Grigg (Wigan Athletic), K Lafferty (Norwich City), C Washington (Queens Park Rangers), B McKay (Dundee Utd), L Boyce (Ross County),  J Ward, (Nottingham Forest), C Baird (Derby County), J Magennis (Kilmarnock).


A Labour councillor has blamed Ken Livingstone for the loss of two seats in Bury saying Jewish voters were offended by his comments.

The former London mayor, 70, has been accused by Labour's Alan Quinn of giving "grotesque offence" in Prestwich, with his Hitler comments.
The area has the UK's second biggest Jewish population and Labour lost seats to the Conservatives and Lib Dems.
Mr Livingstone said it was others in Labour who made an issue of it.
He said party MPs who had accused him of anti-semitism has "cost us seats all over the country."
Labour only held onto the third seat in Prestwich by 19 votes.
Mr Quinn called for suspended Livingstone to be expelled from the party.
"He's caused grotesque offence and the suspension needs to turn into expulsion," he said.
"This party should not be a place for bigots and racists.
"I was at a Holocaust memorial event a few days ago and I saw the raw emotion, anger and hurt that his crass comments have caused.
"Prestwich has a big Jewish population and a growing Muslim population. It is an example of how a community can live together. Livingstone's comments have damaged that. We need him out of the party."
Mr Quinn was angered after Paddy Heneghan, Labour's cabinet member for children, family and culture, lost the Holyrood ward to Lib Dem Steve Wright.
Conservative David Silbiger took Sedgley from Labour's Andrea Simpson - after a recount - by just 60 votes.
The Liberal Democrats lost control of Stockport after their leader was defeated and another defected to Labour an hour before voting ended.
Labour is the largest single party with 23 councillors while the Lib Dems have 21, the Tories 14 and there are five independents.
Stockport's Lib Dem leader Sue Derbyshire lost her seat when she was beaten by Labour's Charles Stewart.
Labour retained Bolton council but lost two seats to UKIP. Elsewhere in Greater Manchester the party retained control of Salford,  Oldham, Tameside, Rochdale, Wigan while the Tories held onto their flagship council in Trafford.


The Swiss government has decided to phase out nuclear power, amid growing public hostility to the industry.

The government announced it would not replace the country's five ageing plants after they reached the end of their lifetimes between 2019 and 2034.
However, the authorities also said they would not decommission any prematurely.
Swiss activists rallied against nuclear power at the weekend. April's disaster at the Fukushima plant in Japan has sparked debate in several countries.
"Existing nuclear power plants will be closed at the end of their operative life and not replaced by new nuclear power plants," the government said in a statement on Thursday.
Switzerland currently gets about 40% of its energy from nuclear power.
The Beznau 1 pressurised water reactor is the oldest in the world still in operation. It came on stream more than 40 years ago, in 1969.
The other four Swiss reactors all date from 1984 or earlier.


The email addresses and private messages of more than 470,000 members of a hacking website have been leaked online following a huge data breach.

The Nulled website was a popular marketplace for stolen account details and hacking tips.
The leaked data contained more than 5,000 purchase records relating to the exchange of stolen information.
The site has been taken offline, stating it is undergoing "routine maintenance".
Researchers at Risk Based Security said the data dump contained the "complete forum's database" including 12,600 invoices, usernames, members' PayPal addresses and IP addresses.
It also contained millions of forum posts and private messages detailing illegal activities.
And some of the data could be used to work out members' identities, if they did not take steps to conceal it.
Risk Based Security added the website had used message board software with known vulnerabilities, and the site also used a weak hashing algorithm to protect members' passwords.
The data breach was confirmed by independent security researcher Troy Hunt.
"Data breaches like this remind us that even criminal elements are not immune from having their identities disclosed and released publicly," said Mr Hunt.
"While many of them no doubt took precautions to hide their true identities, inevitably many others will now be feeling very nervous at the prospect of being outed while engaged in fraudulent activities."


Chinese authorities are investigating a Canadian couple suspected of stealing state secrets about national defence and the military, state media say.

Xinhua news agency named the suspects as Kevin and Julia Garratt. The couple run a coffee shop in Dandong just across the border from North Korea.
Xinhua said Dandong's State Security Bureau was investigating the case.
But the couple's son Simeon told the BBC the charges were "absurd" and made "absolutely no sense".
The couple taught in southern China for several years and then moved to Dandong, where they opened Peter's Coffee House.
Dandong is the main China-North Korea border crossing and trade link.
The Xinhua report did not say whether the couple had been detained.
Simeon Garratt, 27, told the BBC's Celia Hatton in Beijing that his parents had been uncontactable since Monday night.
"They were going to dinner with a couple of friends, and sometime between dinner and later that night, their phones were turned off and no one has really heard from them (since)," he said.
Mr Garratt called the charges "a joke", adding: "I thought it was absurd. It makes absolutely no sense."
He said his parents are "pretty regular people (who) don't have any ties to military or even governments or even anything like that".
Besides running the cafe, the couple regularly held community events for people to practise their English and helped people to get in touch with North Korea tour organisers, said Mr Garratt.
"Because they have been into North Korea a number of times, they just know the ropes and they're willing to help some friends who are going into North Korea," he said.
His parents speak both English and Mandarin and have developed a relationship with tour organisers.
"That's pretty much the extent of it. There's no business they operate that sends people into North Korea or anything like that," said Mr Garratt, who is a real estate agent living in Vancouver.
What qualifies as a "state secret" in China? The answer to that is a secret too.
The Chinese government's "state secrets" law is notoriously vague. Trials involving state secrets are conducted behind closed doors.
In most cases, Chinese citizens are accused of leaking state secrets to outsiders. It is extremely rare for foreigners to be accused of stealing and trafficking such sensitive information.
In 2009, an American geologist was also convicted of trading in state secrets after he attempted to purchase information about the Chinese oil industry.
One year later, an Australian was sentenced to 10 years in prison for stealing classified corporate information on behalf of the Australian mining firm, Rio Tinto.
The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs says the Canadians, Kevin and Julia Garratt, "are suspected of collecting and stealing intelligenceâ€¦ related to Chinese military targets and important Chinese national defence science research programs."
The Garratts ran a popular coffee shop near the North Korean border and had strong ties within the Christian missionary community. However, those activities are not illegal.
It will be difficult for those who knew the couple best to defend their relatives without understanding the sensitive information they're suspected of stealing.
Canada's embassy in Beijing told Reuters news agency it was aware of the reports and stood "ready to provide assistance as required".
Late last month, Canada announced that a top government research organisation had been struck by Chinese "state-sponsored" hackers.
The Chinese embassy in Ottawa dismissed the report as a "groundless allegation".


Carrie Fisher had three drugs including cocaine in her system when she died, her post-mortem has concluded.

The report released on Monday stated the star may have taken cocaine three days before she fell ill on a flight on 23 December, US media reported.
Traces of heroin and MDMA, popularly known as ecstasy, were also found in the Star Wars actress's system.
But investigators could not determine what impact the cocaine and other drugs had on her death.
The findings were based on toxicology samples taken when Fisher arrived at a Los Angeles hospital.
Investigators could not say when the actress had taken the MDMA or heroin.
The star, who played Princess Leia in the film series, died on 27 December.
On Friday, a statement from the Los Angeles coroner said the exact cause of death was unknown but cited factors including sleep apnoea, heart disease and drug use.
Sleep apnoea is a common condition in which a person stops breathing during sleep, either for a few seconds or minutes.
In a statement released to People magazine after the coroner's ruling, Fisher's daughter Billie Lourd said: "My mum battled drug addiction and mental illness her entire life. She ultimately died of it.
"She was purposefully open in all of her work about the social stigmas surrounding these diseases."
Her manner of death will be listed as undetermined, the coroner's statement said.
Fisher's death certificate, issued in January, stated that the cause of death was "cardiac arrest/deferred".
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By observing multiple collisions between huge clusters of galaxies, scientists have witnessed dark matter coasting straight through the turmoil.

Dark matter is the mysterious, invisible stuff that makes up 85% of the matter in the cosmos - and these results rule out several theoretical models put forward to explain it.
This is because it barely interacts with anything at all, including the dark matter in the oncoming galaxies.
The work appears in Science magazine.
To conduct their study, astrophysicists looked at 72 smash-ups between galactic clusters, using two space telescopes: visible light was recorded by the Hubble Space Telescope, and X-rays by the Chandra Observatory.
Scouring multiple views of the collisions, the researchers tracked the movement of the three main components of galaxies: stars, clouds of gas, and dark matter.
The violently swirling clouds of gas are hot enough to glow with X-rays, which Chandra detects. And stars can be seen in regular, visible-light images from Hubble.
Dark matter is more difficult to "see" - but not impossible. Although it does not emit or absorb light, it does have gravity, and so it bends the path of light passing nearby. This warps our view of anything on the other side of it, in an effect called "gravitational lensing".
"Looking through dark matter is like looking through a bathroom window," said Dr Richard Massey from Durham University, one of the study's authors. "All the objects that you can see in the distance appear slightly distorted and warped."
Using this distortion allowed Dr Massey, with colleagues from the University of Edinburgh, University College London and Switzerland's Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), to "map" the dark matter in the clusters as they collided.
Galaxy clusters are vast and contain huge amounts of dark matter, so when they collide - over billions of years - it offers a unique glimpse of how the stuff behaves.
"We like these collisions because it's exactly what we'd do in the lab," Dr Massey told BBC News.
"If you want to figure out what something is made out of, you knock it, or you throw it across the room and see where the bits go."
In this case, the bits went straight through each other.
Unlike the gas clouds, which grind to a turbulent halt, and the stars, which mostly glide past each other, the ubiquitous dark matter passes through everything and emerges unscathed, like a ghost.
"It seems not to interact with anything at all," Dr Massey said.
Here be 'space dragons'
Dr Tom Kitching, UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory
Our new measurements of the self-interaction of dark matter are some of the best yet. But statistically speaking, the strongest result from this study is in fact the confirmation that dark matter really does exist in these galaxy clusters.
We measured three things: the position of stars, the position of mass, and the position of gas. If there was no dark matter, then all of the mass that isn't accounted for by the stars would be associated with the gas.
But we found an offset, which confirms that there is something in the clusters that is not gas, has mass, but that we cannot see: a dark matter. This detection is statistically very significant - corresponding to a probability of better than 99.99999999999% that dark matter exists in these clusters.
Sometimes I think dark matter is a terrible name. It was originally coined because the phenomenon does not emit or absorb light. But light is everywhere in the dark matter we have observed, passing within it and around it. Indeed, the lensing effect that we employed in our study uses the light from distant galaxies that has passed through dark matter.
So perhaps "transparent matter" or "clear matter" are better names. My favourite alternative is "materia incognita" (the unknown material). Maps used to be labelled "terra incognita" in areas that were unknown, and in a similar way we could be explicit about the unknown nature of this phenomenon.
However, thanks to studies like this one - and much more work planned for the coming years - our ignorance will one day end. Then we can finally give this "something" a proper name.
Earlier observations of the "Bullet Cluster" - a bust-up between two particularly big groups of galaxies, now in its final stages - had already demonstrated dark matter's weird lack of interactions, including with itself.
But this new, major survey was able to deliver much more precision, concluding that there was even less interaction than the previous work allowed for.
"If you bang your head against the wall, the electrostatic force between the molecules in your head and the ones in the wall cause a collision. This is what dark matter doesn't seem to feel," Dr Massey explained.
Dark matter does "feel" gravity; those interactions are the reason we know it is there, and the reason it is bound up in the galactic collisions to begin with. But the lack of almost any other interaction makes it even more mysterious than before.
"In all of these collisions that we've seen, it just seems to go straight through. And now we've seen loads more of them, we would have been able to detect any deceleration of this dark matter, if it had interacted in the ways that most theories predict," Dr Massey said.
So although some theories remain, many can now be ruled out. This includes the idea that dark matter is some sort of "dark" version of ordinary matter, made of "dark atoms". It must be more outlandish than that, Dr Massey said.
"Basically, we're saying: Back to the drawing board! Let's come up with some more ideas."
Follow Jonathan on Twitter


A Syrian refugee who was a sportsman before losing part of his leg in a bombing has carried the Olympic flame through an Athens refugee camp.

Ibrahim al-Hussein, who has been given asylum in Greece, bore the torch through Eleonas camp.
The 27-year-old electrician used to swim and do judo competitively in Syria.
He is among more than one million migrants to have entered the EU, crossing to Greece by inflatable boat.
Mr al-Hussein now has a prosthetic leg, works in an Athens cafe and plays wheelchair basketball.
He can swim 50m (yards) in 28 seconds, three seconds off his personal best before the injury, and will compete in the Greek disabled swimming championship in June.
He told AFP news agency it was an honour to carry the flame.
"I am carrying the flame for myself but also for Syrians, for refugees everywhere, for Greece, for sports, for my swimming and basketball teams," he said.
"My goal is to never give up. But to go on, to always go forward. And that I can achieve through sports."
Meanwhile, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has said a team of up to 10 refugees will take part at the Rio Olympics.
A selection process is due to take place in June, AFP quoted a UNHCR official as saying.
The Olympic flame was lit last week in the 2,600-year-old Temple of Hera at Ancient Olympia.
On Wednesday it will be handed over to Brazilian officials in a ceremony at the historic Olympic stadium in Athens, site of the first modern Games in 1896.
Some 12,000 torchbearers will then carry the flame through Brazil before the Games start in August.


A woman with dyslexia has won a disability discrimination case against her employer Starbucks after she was accused of falsifying documents.

A tribunal found Meseret Kumulchew had been discriminated against after making mistakes due to her difficulties with reading, writing and telling the time.
She was given lesser duties at her branch in London and told to retrain, which left her feeling suicidal.
Starbucks said it was in discussions about providing more workplace support.
The judgement against Starbucks was made in mid-December, and there will now be a separate hearing to determine any compensation.
As a supervisor at Starbucks at Clapham Junction, in south-west London, Ms Kumulchew was responsible for taking the temperature of fridges and water at specific times and entering the results in a duty roster.
She was accused of falsifying the documents after mistakenly entering wrong information.
She took Starbucks to an employment tribunal alleging disability discrimination saying she had always made it known to her employer that she was dyslexic, which means she has difficulties with words and numbers, and has to be shown how to do tasks visually.
The case does not set a legal precedent, but the British Dyslexia Association said it should be a wake-up call for employers.
It estimates that one in 10 people has dyslexia to some degree, although many have not been formally diagnosed.
Speaking exclusively to the BBC, Ms Kumulchew said: "I am not a fraud. The name fraud itself shouldn't exist for me.
"It's quite serious. I nearly ended my life. But I had to think of my kids. I know I'm not a fraud. I just made a mistake."
The tribunal found Starbucks had failed to make reasonable adjustments for Ms Kumulchew's disability and had discriminated against her because of the effects of her dyslexia.
It also found she had been victimised by her employer and there appeared to be little or no knowledge or understanding of equality issues.
In a statement, Starbucks said: "We are in ongoing discussions with this Starbucks partner (employee) around specific workplace support and we are not able to comment on a case that has not yet been completed."
The company said it was committed to having a "diverse and inclusive workforce" that "feel welcome and comfortable in our stores".
Ms Kumulchew said she wanted help - for example, more time to fully understand and become familiar with a task, and someone to check her work for mistakes.
"I'll struggle, but don't worry, help me and I'll get there in my own time," she continued.
"I'm not going to affect your business, because for every customer I'll roll out the red carpet.
"I love my job. Giving them a coffee may not be a big deal, but I'm making their life, for the day at least, happy."
Dr Kate Saunders, CEO of the British Dyslexia Association, said: "Many dyslexics are struggling in the work place with very high levels of anxiety, because employers do not have the training or the awareness to make adjustments for them."


Before his apparent death at the hands of the US military in a probable drone strike, Adam Gadahn had risen to be one of the US government's most wanted men as he became a high profile al-Qaeda propagandist.

The White House says a US attack on al-Qaeda in the border region of Pakistan and Afghanistan killed the 36-year-old, who frequently appeared in al-Qaeda videos.
He was known to the US for some years. In 2006, Gadahn became the first US citizen to be charged with treason since World War II.
The indictment said he had "knowingly adhered to an enemy of the United States... with intent to betray the United States". A $1m bounty was placed on his head.
He was home schooled and raised as a Christian in California before converting to Islam at 17.
Following his conversion, he moved in 1998 to Pakistan and married an Afghan refugee.
Gadahn performed translations for al-Qaeda and become associated with al-Qaeda's captured field commander, Abu Zubaydah. He is also thought to have later trained at a militant camp in Afghanistan.
In 2004, the US justice department named him as one of seven al-Qaeda operatives planning imminent attacks on the US. Shortly afterwards, he appeared in a video on behalf of al-Qaeda, identifying himself as "Azzam the American".
In September 2006, he appeared in a video with Ayman al-Zawahiri and exhorted his fellow Americans to convert to Islam and support al-Qaeda.
In 2011, he appeared in a video exulting in the new information revealed about US global interests through the Wikileaks publication of classified documents, according to prosecutors at the trial of Pte Bradley Manning.
He has also appeared in multiple other videos urging Muslims in the West to carry out attacks.
Analysts say Gadahn is not part of al-Qaeda's senior leadership, and does not hold any operational or ideological significance.


Scottish construction output fell last year as activity in the infrastructure sector weakened, according to new figures.

Total industry output amounted to £14.5bn in 2016, compared with the previous year's record figure of £14.7bn.
Output from the housing, private commercial and repair and maintenance sectors were all up year-on-year.
But infrastructure output fell from a record high of £4.2bn to £3.1bn.
Private industrial activity was also down, according to data from the Office for National Statistics.
Those sectors offset stronger performances in housing (up 16%), private commercial (up 6%) and repair and maintenance (up 5%).
Commenting on the figures, Scottish Building Federation managing director Vaughan Hart said: "Overall, these are encouraging results.
"They suggest that the industry is moving in the right direction in terms of achieving a balanced recovery across different sectors, hopefully with a reduced reliance on major infrastructure projects to drive future growth as other key sectors such as housing, commercial and repair and maintenance continue to show strengthening performance.
"We will be watching closely to see if this momentum continues into 2017.
"However, that is obviously very much dependent on how the wider economy performs and there is still a good deal of uncertainty about future economic prospects just now."
Last month, a survey suggested Scottish construction firms were more optimistic about the year ahead than they were last autumn.
The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (Rics) found expectations of growth strengthened in the last quarter of 2016, following a dip after the Brexit vote.


Aldershot Town have appointed former Dundee and Alloa Athletic boss Barry Smith as their new manager on a one-year rolling contract.

The 41-year-old has been out of work since leaving Alloa in March.
Chris Barker, who has been in caretaker charge since Andy Scott was sacked in January, will remain with the Shots as player-assistant manager.
"Barry is ambitious and has great experience of developing young players," said chairman Shahid Azeem.
Smith began his playing career at Celtic and then spent 11 years at Dundee, captaining the side between 1997 and 2006.
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He returned to Dens Park as manager in 2010 and spent almost two and a half years in charge before parting company with the club in February 2013.
He was appointed Alloa manager in January 2014 but resigned last month, with the Wasps bottom of the Scottish Championship following a run of one win in 13 league matches.
"I see Aldershot as a great club with the same aspirations as myself. It felt an ideal fit," he said.
"We are looking to build a new squad and we have to build slowly. Ultimately we want to take the club back to the Football League."
Centre-back Barker, 35, won five of his 15 games in charge of the Hampshire side and led the Shots to an 18th-placed finish in the table.


More work is needed to protect children in Birmingham, according to the commissioner appointed to oversee the children's services department.

Lord Warner was named by the government 12 months ago after years of the department being rated inadequate.
In 2013, it was branded a "national disgrace", but last year the council pledged Â£9.2m to improve practices.
Lord Warner said there had been "significant improvements", but more was needed.
Since 2006 there have been 24 serious case reviews in the area.
"I think they're safer than they were 12 months ago and certainly Birmingham City Council has put a lot more money into those services, not before time I might add, but they're not as safe as they could be," he said.
"The issue is around have they got enough social workers, particularly enough experienced social workers, and is the social work practice good enough? And the answer to both those questions is it's not good enough yet.
"They've made children's services the top priority for the council and at a time of great financial hardship they've committed to big increases in the funding for children's services all the way up to 2017 and 18."
He said changes meant the council, the local NHS and police were all working much better together and there were about a third more children being referred than a year ago.
Despite offering increased salaries, the council said earlier this month it was still struggling to appoint enough experienced staff.
"What's happened since last year, when I arrived, is certainly Birmingham has improved the front door - the people who receive the referrals and the contacts of which children are at risk," Lord Warner said.
In August, Bernadette McNally was appointed to take over running children's services in Birmingham, but in October she said she was no longer interested in the role.
An interim boss was found and in February Alastair Gibbons took over as executive director, the fourth since 2009.
Despite the "hiccup" surrounding Ms McNally's appointment, Lord Warner said improvements had also been made in management.
However, he said changing the culture would "take time".
The peer is due to finish his time as commissioner to Birmingham's children's services at the end of May.


Royal Mail has made a U-turn over the future of a Devon postman following a campaign from residents.

Ray Cope was due to leave the village of Lympstone after 17 years with a longer-serving colleague due to replace him.
Residents launched a campaign to retain Mr Cope, saying he had become "part of the village".
Royal Mail has now said "more changes have been made locally" and "Ray will remain on his normal duty".
Posters supporting Mr Cope appeared in the village and several residents wrote to Royal Mail following the decision.
Jennifer and Frederick Mather, who have been taking part in the campaign, said the change is "great news" but they will continue with the online petition.
Ms Mather said: "The great news is that he will be with us for six months at the end of which there will be another review.
"He is so grateful and doesn't know how he can thank the village enough but we will do our best!
"We want Royal Mail to know that we will not give up on wanting Ray to be here for the foreseeable future."
Royal Mail spokesperson Mike Norman said: "We are pleased that our customers in Lympstone have had such excellent service from one of our postmen.
"It is always gratifying when our customers recognise the hard work of their postman or woman. I can confirm that as part of our on-going reviews, more changes have been made locally.
"This means Ray will remain on his normal duty."


Labour AM David Rees and MP Stephen Kinnock have called on their party colleagues in the Welsh Government not to sell land selected for a new prison in Port Talbot.

The UK government announced in March that it plans to build a new prison on undeveloped land.
The site in Baglan is owned by the Welsh Government.
A spokesman for the Welsh Government said a new prison would bring economic benefits to the area.
Mr Rees, the AM for Aberavon, is not opposed to the idea of a prison in the area but said: "This is not the right site.
"It's in the heart of the town, it's in the heart of a residential area tied to an industrial estate which is in the economic enterprise growing area."
Mr Rees said there were rumours that Cardiff and Swansea prisons were likely to close as a consequence.
If that happened, "then this will not create economic opportunities because the jobs from those prisons will be transferred here", he said.
Mr Kinnock said: "The Baglan site is inappropriate, being too close to schools, a care home and residential properties, as well as being a greenfield site."
He added: "The land is part of an industrial park and the enterprise zone. It should be used to help businesses grow and not for a new prison."
Officials at the Welsh Government put forward 20 potential sites for a new prison but the list was whittled down to three before the land on the Baglan Industrial Park site was chosen.
As part of the UK government's Â£1.3bn commitment to create up to 10,000 modern prison places by 2020, the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) asked Welsh Government officials to provide a list of potential sites in south Wales that met certain criteria.
Of the 20 sites submitted, nine were privately owned and 11 publicly owned.
BBC Wales understands the proposed prison will be designated Category C with space for up to 1,600 prisoners, although that has not been confirmed by the MoJ.
The proposed site is located in one of the three areas designated as part of the Port Talbot Waterfront enterprise zone set up by the Welsh Government last year.
It is one of eight enterprise zones established by the Welsh Government to provide business support including financial help.
Plaid Cymru AM Bethan Jenkins, who represents South Wales West, said the enterprise park is "meant to be dedicated to improving the private sector economy of Port Talbot".
She also called on the Welsh Government to tell the "MoJ that the site in Port Talbot is not for sale".
A firm based next to the Baglan Moors site has made a formal offer to buy it from the Welsh Government.
In its letter to the Economy Secretary Ken Skates, Envases, which produces aluminium packaging such as aerosol sprays, said the bid was made to protect the company and the community's interest.
Another neighbouring firm, Cultech, is concerned about the potential impact a "facility of that size" could have on the local transport infrastructure.
But Sue Plummer, co-founder of the company that manufactures pro-biotic supplements, said: "Personally, I've got no real problem in that it's located very close to us. We would just be able to continue manufacturing as is."
A Welsh Government spokesman said: "We recognise the concerns of local residents but are confident that if the UK government were to secure planning permission for a new prison this would bring economic benefits to the area, both through the prison itself and in the local supply chain."


Skiing was one of those sports I had wanted to do ever since I was young but the fear of broken body parts and a dislike of the cold always held me back.

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However, after a chance meeting with the snowboarding Olympic Bronze medal holder, Jenny Jones persuaded me that I should give skiing a try at least once. I never thought I would be taking my first lesson a year later.
Before I got on the snow I had to have an assessment to see what adaptive skis I would be using, testing my strength and balance. After that I just had put on the gear. That turned out to be an ordeal as it took about 10 minutes to get one shoe on!
For some reason, I thought I was going to be going down a big slope on my own in my first lesson and of course that was not the case.
The next question that came into my head was how am I going to get onto the snow on one ski when I can't use my wheelchair? I got my answer soon enough - I had to do it myself.
In the first instance, Steve the instructor said he would have to push me up the kids slope until I was strong enough to do it myself. He then explained that it could take a year of practice to get that strong!
I faceplanted the snow several times but once I eventually managed to balance and move down the slope, it was the best feeling ever. I realised I could really do this and I started to understand why people love this sport!
Then we went on the big slope (apparently one of the biggest indoor slopes in the country!) Steve was on the back and I had to steer. I was terrified and I didn't stop screaming all the way down! I mustn't have been that scared though because it didn't stop me going up for a second try.
For the first time, I saw snow differently and not just an inconvenience that gives you a snowday off work. What I loved about it was how much speed you build up going down the slope and the sense of freedom!
This is definitely in the top five sports I want to continue with after the challenges are over. Look out for me in Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Paralympic games!
I was pretty chuffed when we pulled out Skiing for our second sport in this series of challenges.  I once worked in Austria at a ski resort and despite making beds, cleaning toilets and serving dinner at a local chalet I spent a lot of my spare time on the slopes.
Since returning to England though, going to university and finding a job, I just haven't had the time (or money) to get back into it, so I was really looking forward to hitting the slopes once more.
I felt pretty nervous on the day of our ski outing. The thing with skiing is that it's a really 'cool,' fashionable sport and the last thing I wanted was to look like a loser out on the slopes. Anyway, I pulled myself together and slipped on the ski boots in a familiar, awkward fashion.
Steve, the instructor, eased me into it on the nursery slope and it seemed like I'd forgotten everything. I felt like bambi on ice and I certainly couldn't remember how to turn. However, I soon found myself at the foot of the adult slope and strangely excited to take it on!
I don't know what happened up there, but in a split second, everything seemed to click into place; I felt like the king of the slope. Everything I had learnt a few years ago in Austria all came flooding back and I found my inner confidence.
It was really great actually, you get such a buzz from flying down a mountain on a pair of skis and the beauty of it is, that you're in control (sort of). If you want to take a leisurely pace, you can do and equally if you want to be a daredevil, there's room for that too.
I really would love to get back into it. There's nothing more fulfilling than skiing your way down a mountain in some of the most picturesque surroundings in the world. Having said that, it is quite a costly sport and it's not something I'd be able to afford to do on a regular basis.
It's also good to know that it really is like riding a bike and the next time the opportunity comes up, I can slip back into those skis like it was yesterday.
If you are interested in getting into skiing, take a look at the Get Inspired skiing activity guide for details.


Five men who died at Camber Sands could have got into trouble after failing to realise how quickly the tide would come in, the RNLI believes.

The men were on a day trip from London to the Sussex resort on Wednesday.
The RNLI said it did not believe that rip currents were responsible for the deaths. Police said the group were in their late teens and early 20s.
One of the victims, Nitharsan Ravi, drove to the resort with four friends, his brother Ajirthan told the BBC.
He identified two of the other men as Kobi and Ken Nathan, from Erith in south-east London.
The RNLI said it believed all five men fell into deep channels of water between sand-bars - mounds of sand created by wave and tide activity - which had been made deeper with the weekend storms.
Guy Addington, from the RNLI, said: "It's very difficult to know at the moment, we don't have the full information, but it's possible that they were cut off by the series of sand-bars."
He said rip currents could occur at Camber but the sea was so calm on Wednesday that this was unlikely, and it was more likely sand-bars were involved.
"It's entirely possible and it does happen at Camber that people become cut off on the series of sand bars that are extensive on that part of the coast," he added.
He said there could be a 3ft (1m) difference between the the top of a sand-bar and the trough and added: "An increase of depth of 3ft to a non-proficient or non-swimmer can be really significant."
Mr Addington also said because Camber was a "shallow, shelving beach", the tide could go out and race in extremely fast - faster than someone could walk quickly.
"Add to that the complication of the undulating sand-bars, that can catch people out quite easily," he said.
He urged people to follow RNLI safety advice.
How to stay safe at the beach and in the sea
The brother of Mr Ravi identified a fourth victim only as Kurushanth. The identity of the fifth man is not yet clear.
Three of the men were pulled from the water on  Wednesday afternoon, while two more bodies were found later.
Police said no-one else was missing after an earlier search for further victims was abandoned.
A sand-bar is a submerged or partly exposed ridge of sand or other sediment built up by currents in coastal waters that occur where waves break.
They are usually made up of sand but can also involve other granular materials, such as shingle or even boulders.
They are most pronounced in the heavy surf caused by storms.
Sand-bars are the most common cause of rip currents, which are generated by waves breaking over them.
The RNLI said that the sand-bars at Camber Sands were three feet deep and had been made deeper by the weekend storms. Satellite images of the area give an idea of how the sandbars create an uneven sea floor.
Ch Supt Di Roskilly of Sussex Police said: "We believe we now know who the men are and that they came to the beach together for the day.
"We believe they are all in their late teens and early 20s and come from the Greater London area.
"These men were not fully clothed when they were pulled from the sea but wearing clothes appropriate for being at the beach for the day.
"We have no further reports of anyone else missing from Camber and there are no ongoing searches related to this incident.
"This has been an incredibly tragic incident and we are offering their next of kin support at this difficult time."
Members of the public and emergency services tried to save the men when the first alert came in just after 14:10 BST.
Rescuer Deven Small said: "I walked over to the scene and I could see a few people holding someone but his head kept on going in and out of the water.
"I ran in and helped to carry him in. Adrenaline kicks in. I didn't want to, you're talking about someone's life on the line.
"It's not the nicest thing to see in the world, to see someone die in front of you."
Two bodies were discovered by a member of the public as the tide receded at about 20:00, the RNLI said.
Rother District Council said up to 25,000 people use the beach each day.
An online petition calling for lifeguards at Camber Sands has been signed by more than 4,000 people.
A council spokesman said: "Our beach patrols are on site throughout the summer and are able to advise people of potential dangers, reunite lost children and deal with any incidents on the beach.
The Police and Crime Commission for Sussex, Katy Bourne said: "We do need to get together to see if further improvements need to be made [to safety at the beach].
"We need to find the best answer. I don't know if lifeguards are the answer."
Last month, 19-year-old Brazilian Gustavo Silva Da Cruz died while swimming in the sea there. He was one of three men who got into trouble in the water.


Sri Lanka batsman Kumar Sangakkara will retire from Test cricket this summer.

The 37-year-old, who had already quit one-day and Twenty20 cricket, will finish his international career on home soil, in the second of the three-match Test series against India in August.
He announced his decision during the second Test match against Pakistan in Colombo and confirmed he has opted out of the third and final match.
"This is my time to call it a day," he said on Saturday.
Left-hander Sangakkara is Sri Lanka's highest run scorer and is the fifth-highest Test scorer of all time.
Since his Test debut in 2000, he has amassed 12,305 runs from 132 matches, with 38 centuries, 52 fifties and an average of 58.31.
Sangakkara played his final T20 international in Sri Lanka's World T20-winning campaign last year and his last ODI in this year's World Cup.
He signed for Surrey on a two-year contract in January, having previously played county cricket in England for Warwickshire and Durham.


In February this year, Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen said that both he and US President Donald Trump shared a view of the media as "anarchic" troublemakers.

Two days earlier, a government spokesman had referenced Mr Trump's treatment of journalists in a Facebook post that threatened to shutter media outlets jeopardising "stability".
Now, the Cambodia Daily - an independent, English-language newspaper that has long been a thorn in the side of the government - is facing possible closure after being slapped on 5 August with a $6.3m (£4.9m) bill for back taxes that authorities said had to be paid within 30 days.
On Tuesday, Mr Hun Sen, a former Khmer Rouge commander in power for more than thirty years, stepped up the pressure. If the sum was not paid, "please pack up your things and leave", he said, reportedly calling the publishers "thieves".
The move against the newspaper - which many believe is politically-motivated ahead of elections next year - is worrying Cambodia's journalists, who have long enjoyed far greater reporting freedom than their colleagues in neighbouring countries.
It comes as the government announces tax or regulatory probes into other perceived critics. Staff from the National Democratic Institute (NDI), a prominent US-funded non-profit that played a key role in investigating alleged irregularities in the 2013 national elections, were on Wednesday ordered to leave the country under the aegis of a controversial NGO law passed in 2015.
The government said NDI, which ruling party figures have accused in the past of being part of US-sponsored regime change efforts, had failed to acquire formal registration or pay taxes. The group told the Associated Press it had obeyed registration laws and worked with transparency for 25 years.
Aside from the Cambodia Daily, other independent media outlets - including the US government-funded Radio Free Asia and Voice of America - have also reportedly been accused of not complying with tax obligations.
These outlets, and the Phnom Penh Post, a newspaper which so far has not faced similar accusations, frequently report on topics that embarrass the government, from illegal logging to corruption and human rights abuses.
Lee Morgenbesser, an expert on authoritarian regimes at Australia's Griffith University, said that using back taxes as a pretext to "silence perceived opponents" was a "subtle technique" also used in Hungary, Russia, Turkey and Venezuela.
The Cambodian government denies the cases are political and points to the considerable freedom critical journalists have in the country, which it says is a democracy.
Ou Virak, a Cambodian analyst who heads the Future Forum think tank, said he believed that while the Daily's alleged tax issue gave the government a "convenient excuse" to target them, it would likely do so regardless as part of a broader stifling of critical voices.
He said that the US's diminishing voice on human rights and democratic freedoms combined with China's largesse and influence in Cambodia had emboldened the ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP) to take action.
"Basically what you are now seeing is the end of a western-dominated era in Cambodian nation building and politics," he said, adding that previously, if activists "drummed up enough noise to get attention internationally" the aid-reliant government would back down.
A spokesman for the CPP said the party had "no motivation or any kind of reason" to be involved in what he characterised as strictly a matter between the Cambodia Daily and the tax department.
There was plenty of media aligned with the opposition party, Sous Yara said, adding that the Daily was trying to "politicise" the issue.
Deborah Krisher-Steele, the newspaper's deputy publisher, said tax authorities were not following regulations and had ignored a request for a meeting. She wants a full audit to be carried out, but insists that if any taxes are owed, "it could not be anywhere close" to the multi-million dollar sum demanded.
She has said the process is meant to "intimidate and harass the Cambodia Daily…and others who speak the truth".
The newspaper was set up in 1993 by her father, Bernard Krisher, a former Newsweek correspondent in Japan who was friendly with then-King Norodom Sihanouk.
Ms Krisher-Steele told the BBC the paper had been "losing money for many years" and was subsidised by Mr Krisher. She said she had been trying to run it as a profit-making business since April.
Reflecting the reality of Cambodian politics - where the prime minister himself often personally intervenes in policy issues or other disputes, announcing major decisions in long, meandering speeches - Mr Krisher has appealed directly to Hun Sen for help.
"Only you, Your Excellency, can stop the tax department from taking these measures," he wrote in a letter seen by the BBC. "I implore you to intervene to stop the shutting down of The Cambodia Daily."
The newspaper's staff of local journalists and foreigners - and an alumni network of reporters who now work for media outlets around the world - are devastated by the prospect that it could close.
Robin McDowell, a journalist who helped found the Daily in 1993 and who went on to win a Pulitzer Prize for Public Service in 2016 with the Associated Press, said that getting the newspaper off the ground in that era, after UN-run elections, was a herculean endeavour.
Frequent blackouts meant the whole newspaper might be lost hours before being brought to the printer. "We were working 20 hours a day. Literally breathing and sleeping at the Daily," she said.
With few local journalists to recruit, motorcycle taxi drivers, pagoda boys and former policemen were all among those brought on board and trained as reporters.
It was a tiring and trying task, she said, but after years of war, the newspaper, along with the then fortnightly Phnom Penh Post, "gave Cambodians the first real look at the outside world and what a free press could look like".


Hungary supporters clashed with stewards and riot police inside the Stade Velodrome before their side's Euro 2016 match against Iceland.

Fans had been trying to climb a fence at the stadium, in Marseille, to join up with another group of supporters when stewards got involved.
Punches were thrown by supporters before riot police intervened.
Elsewhere, Turkey and Croatia have been charged by Uefa for disturbances during their matches on Friday.
Croatia have been sanctioned after supporters were involved in crowd disturbances and racist behaviour, and in throwing objects and the setting off of fireworks, as their team played the Czech Republic in St Etienne.
The Turkish Football Federation has been charged with the setting off of fireworks, throwing of objects and field invasion after some of their fans caused trouble during their 3-0 defeat by Spain in Nice.


Uncertainty around Brexit has dragged UK business output and optimism to three-year lows, a report suggests.

The report on business trends from the accountancy and services group BDO said the UK economy was already showing signs of slowing ahead of the EU vote.
Manufacturing had the gloomiest outlook, and job creation in the economy slowed to a two-year low.
BDO's Peter Hemington said uncertainty prompted by Brexit had also disrupted investment in the UK economy.
The report shows business output, which reflects company orders for the next quarter, slipped to 99 last month, compared with 99.7 in May and 100.6 in April.
Meanwhile, business optimism also slid, falling to 98.9 in June from 99.4 in May.
But Mr Hemington added: "In all likelihood, whatever arrangements the UK eventually arrives at with the EU won't look very different from what we have at the moment.
"So businesses cannot afford to get caught up in the hysteria. They need to hold their nerve and continue to invest in the UK.
"We are at a crucial moment where we must be sensible in protecting the UK economy. We need a plan of action now that gives businesses the added confidence to progress with investment plans."
BDO's research is based on the results of the UK's main business surveys


Output from the Scottish economy rose by 0.6% during the final three months of last year, according to Scottish government figures.

The UK as a whole saw the same rate of growth in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) during that quarter.
Construction was up an unusually strong 6.1%, with production up 1% and the dominant service sector flat.
Two-thirds of the increase was explained by the construction sector's boost.
The rest was explained by production, which includes manufacturing.
Output rose by 2.8% between the end of 2013 and the end of 2014, while in the UK, the equivalent figure was up 3.1%.
Comparing the whole of 2014 with 2013, construction was up 13%, production up only 1% and the service sector by 2.3%.
The quarterly output figures were the first to adapt to a new method of measuring growth, which takes account of a wider range of factors including research and development, and illegal drugs and prostitution.
Analysis of the figures by think-tank Fiscal Affairs Scotland emphasised the strength of construction last year, far faster than previous high-growth years of 7% to 8%.
Last year, while the value of the UK construction sector was up 7.5%, it fell in the final quarter.
The analysis also highlighted the reason for UK GDP growing faster overall was the services sector, which represents three-quarters of the economy. It grew twice as fast at the UK level (3.4%) than in Scotland (1.7%).
The full-year figures also give an opportunity to bring up to date the comparative growth rates between Scotland and the rest of the UK.
Fiscal Affairs Scotland points out that average annual growth since 1998 has been 1.6% in Scotland, and 2.2% in the UK as a whole.
Much of that higher growth rate is linked to a faster-growing population in England. The per capita measure for Scotland is an average of 1.2% per year. The equivalent figure for the UK as a whole (excluding offshore oil and gas) is lower than Scotland's, at 1%.
Since the peak of economic output in 2008, the Scottish economy fell and rose again, to be 2.3% higher, while the UK economy, which hit a deeper trough but has since grown back more strongly, is 5.1% bigger.
Per capita, however, Scottish output is still below the 2008 peak, by 0.7%, while the UK per capita output measure is 1.2% below its previous peak.
John McLaren, of Fiscal Affairs Scotland, said: "Scotland's economy continues to improve in terms of higher output.
"The improvement recorded in the construction sector over the past year has been remarkable but little commented upon.
"However, the relatively sluggish performance of the services sector is a concern.
"In particular, the recent stagnant performance of the business services sector is worrying as, since 2010, it has very much lead the way in terms of the recovery and it continues to do so for the UK as a whole."


Olympic champion Jade Jones says she is determined to win gold at the European Taekwondo Championships in Switzerland next month as she continues her preparations for the Rio Olympics.

The London 2012 gold medallist has all but qualified for Rio having already secured Team GB a -57kg place.
European Games champion Jones won the German Open on Sunday and wants to win another title in Montreux in May.
"I'm definitely going there to get the gold," said the 23-year-old.
"I wouldn't say I need a gold but I still haven't got a European gold medal.
"I'm really going there hungry for that gold medal.
"I want to be European, world and Olympic gold medallist."
Victory at the German Open came on Jones' return from a knee problem, having missed March's Dutch Open and April's President's Cup with the injury.
Jones used the event in Hamburg to improve her fitness before the European Championships in Montreux, Switzerland from 19-22 May.
"Going into my first competition this year and fighting so well, I was really happy with it," she said.
"I did a lot of strengthening and rehab [on the injury] and now it feels really strong and I feel really fit again."
Jones, from Flint, was 19 when she beat China's Yuzhuo Hou to win the women's -57kg title at the 2012 Olympics.
But she missed out on a medal at the World Taekwondo Championships in Russia in May 2015 amid controversy when the electronic scoring system froze during her quarter-final.
Now though she is hoping to defend her Olympic title in Brazil.
"London was just the best experience of my life and to only have been 19 and to win an Olympic gold medal on home soil, I don't think I can beat that moment.
"But to go to Rio and do it again and show it wasn't a fluke and to become double Olympic champion, that [would be] legendary status and that's what I really want to do."


New plans to dump silt off the coast of Cornwall have sparked a third protest by campaigners, eleven months after a previous licence was declared unlawful.

A new application to dump silt from Devonport Dockyard at Whitsand Bay has been submitted to the coastal waters protection agency, the Marine Management Organisation (MMO).
Campaigners claim the disposal harms marine life in a nearby Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ).
But the MMO said this was "unlikely".
The MMO said it had investigated whether the disposals of silt off Rame Head had affected the Whitsand and Looe MCZ, and that government scientific advisors found "it was unlikely".
The government organisation has been involved in a long-running dispute with campaigners, who claim that toxic materials from the dredging smothers reefs and kills rare pink sea fans near the MCZ.
In January, the MMO agreed to revoke a licence it granted in 2014, after papers filed at the High Court said the decision-making process was inadequate.
Debbie Hoskin, demonstration organiser, said: "It's not a dump site and we as a community see the effects. We have photographs of sea life smothered by silt.
"This is a pristine sand and shell seabed, it's not mud, it's not silt, it doesn't belong there."
Around 150 people took part in the demonstration near Tregantle Fort.
An MoD spokesman said: "In consultation with the MMO and their advisors, the MoD has considered various methods of disposal and the conclusion is that sea disposal to a designated site is appropriate for this application.
"The MoD is fully committed to the protection of the environment and has worked closely with the MMO and their advisors to ensure the application complies with all environmental requirements.
"If a new disposal site is established then the MoD would apply to use it. If siltation levels in other areas of the naval base reach critical levels then we will have to apply for a further licence to dispose at the MMO's local disposal site at the appropriate time."
The consultation window on the current licence application is open until 11 January 2016.


Double Olympic champion Mo Farah was beaten into second by American Garrett Heath in the men's race at the Great Edinburgh Cross Country.

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Farah, 32, lost out in a sprint finish as Heath won in 25 minutes 29 seconds.
"It is disappointing to lose but better to lose now than later in the year. I couldn't really sprint - it was very slippery," Farah told BBC Sport.
Fellow Briton Kate Avery, 24, recorded her first senior international victory in the women's race at Holyrood Park.
Avery took the lead in the early stages and finished the 6km course in 21:05 to win by four seconds.
Ireland's Fionnuala McCormack, representing Europe, was second, with GB's Gemma Steel third in 21:31.
Great Britain won the team event with Europe second and USA third.
Scotland A, anchored by Laura Muir, won the 4x1km mixed invitational relay with Britain second and Ireland third.
Britain's Alex Yee, 17, won the junior men's race with compatriot Bobby Clay, 18, victorious in the women's junior event.
Farah, competing in the event for the first time since winning in 2011, began his Rio Olympics preparations with a rare defeat over the 8km course.
The five-time world outdoor champion was at the back of the field in the early stages and, although he gradually moved through the pack, he appeared to struggle on fields made muddy by heavy rain.
Britain's Ross Millington and Callum Hawkins made the early running but Heath, 30, produced a decisive move on the final 1.5km lap to beat Farah by two seconds.
American Scott Fabul was third in 25:38 with Hawkins (25:41) fourth and Millington (25:43) fifth.
Avery, a silver medallist in the European Cross Country Championships in 2014 and 2015, was thrilled with her victory, saying that previously she was "always a bridesmaid".
The win came after the recent death of her father and she told BBC Sport: "He's still my biggest supporter. I am sure he was pushing me round out there - that's why I ran so well.
"I knew I was in shape but you never know how your body will react. It was so cold.
"Everything is geared towards Rio, which is my main aim this year."


Doctor Who star Peter Capaldi has taken time out from his time travels to answer some of your questions.

24 December 2016 Last updated at 11:33 GMT
Find out what he thought about the Christmas special, whether he enjoys filming at different locations, what the next series is going to be like and which Doctor Who creature he thinks is the scariest!


Changes to council ward boundaries are to be made in most of Scotland's local authority areas.

The government has accepted proposals for changes in 25 council areas which will take effect next year.
There will be some changes in all mainland council areas apart from Argyll and Bute, Dundee and the Borders.
A planned cut in the number of councillors in Dumfries and Galloway will go ahead despite local opposition.
Separate changes to the three island councils - including moves away from multi-member wards - may be made later.
Scottish government parliamentary business minister Joe FitzPatrick said: "Local government plays an important role in delivering key services across Scotland and it's important for the sake of democracy and for local service delivery that councils are as representative as possible of the communities they serve.
"That's why the Boundary Commission is legally obliged to hold regular reviews of council wards and councillor numbers, to ensure these reflect changes in population - this is the fifth such review since the commission was created in 1973 and we are pleased to accept the vast majority of their recommendations.
"In a small number of cases - Argyll and Bute, Dundee City and Scottish Borders - we have listened to local representations and left boundaries as they currently stand, to ensure that strong historic ties in particular areas and communities are maintained.
"Significant concerns were raised about aspects of the commission's proposals for those areas, in particular that they would not reflect local communities.
"While the commission did try to address these in its final recommendations, it was clear from the responses to those recommendations that many of those concerns remained.
"We therefore decided that the better course would be to keep the status quo for those areas."
Argyll and Bute Council said it was pleased plans for changes there were over-ruled.
Councillor Dick Walsh, Leader of Argyll and Bute Council, said: "We previously stated that reducing the number of councillors in Argyll and Bute would reduce our communities' access to a local councillor and strongly opposed the proposed ward changes in our submission to Local Council Boundary Commission.
"Argyll and Bute has 23 inhabited islands and the second largest mainland of all of Scotland's 32 council areas.
"There was a real concern that any changes would make it difficult for communities to be represented due to the challenges posed by travel and the lack of regular public transport links.


England is suffering from a "worrying cultural divide" with poor adults much less likely to read books than their richer neighbours, a report says.

The country is divided into two nations, those who read weekly or daily, and those who prefer TV and DVDs, it says.
It finds key links between an individual's social background and how likely they are to read.
The research, from charity Booktrust, is based on a survey of 1,500 adults.
The study found that on average, the richer someone's background, the more likely they are to read.
Meanwhile a higher proportion of people from poorer backgrounds admitted they never read.
Younger people, men and those with lower levels of qualifications are also less likely to be readers.
More than one in four (27%) of adults from the poorest socio-economic backgrounds said they never read books themselves, compared with just 13% of those from the richest socio-economic backgrounds.
And more than six in 10 (62%) of those from the richest backgrounds said they read daily or weekly, compared with four in 10 (42%) of those from the poorest.
"More frequent book readers tend to live in areas of lower deprivation with fewer children living in poverty, while respondents who never read books tend to live in areas of higher deprivation and more children living in poverty," the study says.
It adds that adults from the highest socio-economic background own twice as many books on average as those from the lowest backgrounds (376 compared with 156).
And 83% of adults from the richest group feel that reading improves their lives, compared with 72% of those from the poorest group.
The report reveals that overall, significant minorities of adults have negative attitudes towards reading, with nearly a fifth (18%) saying they never read physical books and seven in 10 (71%) saying they never read e-books.
More than one-third (36%) say they often start a book but get bored, while a similar proportion (35%) say they cannot find time to read.
Almost half of those questioned (45%) said they prefer watching TV and DVDs to reading a novel.
The findings show many people, especially those under 30, think technology is changing how people read, and could even make physical books obsolete.
More than half of adults (56%) said they think the internet and computers will replace books in the next 20 years, with nearly two-thirds (64%) of 18- to 30-year-olds stating this view.
More than one-quarter of those surveyed said they would rather surf the internet and use social media than read - rising to 56% among 18- to 30-year-olds.
The study concludes that, on average, people who read regularly are more satisfied with life, happier and more likely to feel their life is worthwhile.
Around three-quarters (76%) of all adults questioned said reading improves their lives, while almost half (49%) enjoy reading books very much.
More than one-quarter (28%) read every day, with a further 22% reading weekly.
More than half own at least 50 books, with an adult owning around 200 on average, the report added.
Viv Bird, chief executive of Booktrust, said: "This research indicates that frequent readers are more likely to be satisfied with life, happier and more successful in their professional lives.
"But there is a worrying cultural divide linked to deprivation. There will never be a one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to social mobility, but reading plays an important role - more action is needed to support families."


Immigration is driving down wages in Wales and "forcing indigenous people out of jobs", the leader of Vote Leave in Wales has said.

Clwyd West MP David Jones said people struggle to find hotels in parts of Wales "not almost exclusively staffed by immigrants from eastern Europe".
He told the Sunday Supplement programme this also kept wages low.
Geraint Talfan Davies, for Wales Stronger in Europe, said freedom of movement had "little effect on wages".
The referendum on whether the UK remains part of the European Union takes place on 23 June.
However, Mr Jones told BBC Wales: "If you go to Llandudno or other tourist parts of the country, it's very difficult to find any hotel that is not almost exclusively staffed by immigrants from eastern Europe, which, of course, is forcing the indigenous population out of jobs and, of course, depressing wages."
Mr Davies said: "I think most of the economic studies that have been done have actually shown that the freedom of movement has had very little effect on wages.
"The levels of migration into Wales are a fraction of what they are in other parts of the UK.
"I don't think this is a major issues for us - the key issue is actually our economy and there is absolutely no doubt that, if Britain is poorer, Wales is going to be poorer."


A man has denied the murder of a toddler who died after he was found seriously ill at a house in Dorset.

Joseph Eke pleaded not guilty to the murder of Harry House when he appeared at Winchester Crown Court via video link earlier.
Harry, two, died in hospital after paramedics were called to Main Street, Broadmayne, near Dorchester, on 26 May.
Mr Eke, the partner of Harry's mother, was remanded in custody. He will next appear before the court on 16 January.
His trial has been set for 28 February.


A clearer picture of Omar Ismail Mostefai, one of the Bataclan attackers, is starting to emerge.

Of Algerian origin, the 29-year-old was born and raised in the Parisian suburb of Courcourronnes, where he lived with his large family.
He had been involved in petty crime, arrested eight times, but had never spent any time in prison.
And despite being on the government's radicalisation radar, he had never been implicated in a major investigation.
The BBC's James Longman spoke with a young man, Riza, who lives on the estate and says he knew Omar until around 2009-2010, when he left the area. The last he had heard, Mostefai had a young daughter and had moved to the area of Chartres.
He remembers him as a just "one of the guys" who would spend time racing cars around and hanging out with mates.
"He was a good person. He was the kind of guy who, if you had an issue with a group from another area, would help you out."
Riza said: "We're upset like everyone. It's hard. We never thought he could do this.
"I don't know why he did this. What was going on in his head? I don't know who he was hanging around with.
"He was here like all the other youngsters. Messing around, stupid stuff. But I'd never thought he'd get to this point."
"I'm a bit sad, said Riza. "It hurts. When someone does that and he's from where you are."
Mostefai is understood to have moved an hour south, to Chartres, in around 2009. It was around this time that he was flagged to authorities as a possible radical.
He reportedly attended the Generation 2000 Mosque in nearby Luce.
The president of the mosque said he did not know Mostefai. "We expel people who do not respect our rules or behave strangely, and we report them to the authorities," he told AFP news agency.
French paper Le Monde reported that Mostefai might have left Chartes for several months to visit Syria around January 2014.
According to the paper there are records of his having passed through Turkey around October 2013, before the intelligence services picked up his trail again in early 2014, observing a small group of Salafists in Chartres.
At the time he was considered to be a regular member of the group.


A schoolboy from England said he was "hugely excited" to have discovered a planet 1,000 light-years away.

12 June 2015 Last updated at 08:29 BST
17-year-old Tom Wagg found the planet while doing work experience at Keele University two years ago, but it has taken scientists since then to prove its existence.
Observations were carried out in Chile in South America, and at the universities of Geneva and Liege in Europe.
The planet does not have a name yet and a competition has been launched to find one.
Watch Hayley's report to find out more about Tom's incredible discovery.


First Channel 4 educated Essex, then came Yorkshire followed by East London - now it's Cardiff's turn.

Educating is back for a fourth series aiming to show real life in schools using a fly on the wall format.
The last three series have been praised for showing an insight into what education is like in Britain.
But there's also been criticism they focussed too much on bullying, bad language and teen pregnancies.
As someone who was once a teacher (all be it a substitute) I can tell you there is just as much bad language in a staff room as there is in the common room.
But try not offending someone in 2014.
With that in mind the producers have planned a fourth series and to tick another regional box they've decided to head to Wales for the first time.
The location will be Willows High School in Cardiff where the head teacher has said she's simply "delighted" that the programme will be showing off their high standards.
Over the last few years the school has become one of the most improving schools in Wales.
Head teacher Joy Ballard said: "Willows has been on an incredible journey over the past three years and has been transformed from one of the worst performing schools in the country to a school that we are very proud of."
The nine-episode series will air in autumn.
Executive producer at Channel 4 David Clews said: "You can really feel the charm and character of the place as soon as you walk through the gates and start talking to the students.
"We really are excited about making Educating in Wales."
Channel 4 has been pumping millions of pounds into it's documentary making in the last few years and the Educating series has certainly been a success.
Commissioning editor, David Brindley, said the series "promises to unearth more inspirational, humorous and moving stories from the corridors of this characterful Cardiff school".
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Manchester United boss Jose Mourinho is investigating all aspects of first-team affairs after being dismayed at the culture he has inherited at the club.

Mourinho is reportedly unhappy with United's medical department.
But, having succeeded Louis van Gaal in the summer, it is understood Mourinho has found the general culture at United falling short of his expectations.
Mourinho has won 23 trophies in spells at Porto, Chelsea, Inter Milan and Real Madrid.
The Portuguese publicly questioned defender Luke Shaw, 21, and Chris Smalling, 26, for missing Sunday's 3-1 win at Swansea with injuries, telling the media: "For the team, you have to do anything."
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BBC Sport understands Mourinho, 53, is looking at every area in his remit, including travel, pre-season tour planning, fitness, sports science and the general make-up of his squad.
At the start of the season, the former Chelsea manager predicted United would compete for the Premier League title this season.
However, Sunday's victory over second-bottom Swansea was only their second win in their past eight Premier League games. They are in sixth place - eight points off leaders Liverpool.
In addition, Thursday's 2-1 defeat at Fenerbahce left them outside the qualification places in their Europa League group.
United have reached the last eight of the EFL Cup but Mourinho remains unhappy at various aspects of club life.
He also recently described living alone in a Manchester hotel and being pursued by photographers as a "bit of a disaster".
Mourinho railed in public during a shambolic pre-season tour of China, when the planned match in Beijing against Manchester City was scrapped on the day of the game due to the dire nature of the pitch.
He brought his own fitness specialist, Carlos Lalin, into United's medical department as part of his backroom team, when he succeeded Van Gaal in the summer.
In addition, star striker Zlatan Ibrahimovic, who has been involved in every game since his arrival from Paris St-Germain, has been allowed to continue using his own physio, Dario Fort.
Now Mourinho is looking at the fitness regime as a whole.
So far this season, Mourinho has lost 10 players for a combined total of 30 matches, whereas in his first 11 Premier League matches with Chelsea last season, Mourinho was without six players for a total of 17 weeks.
The lack of appearances from Henrikh Mkhitaryan, for whom United paid Borussia Dortmund £26.3m, has dismayed some supporters, as has the United manager's decision to make Germany midfielder Bastian Schweinsteiger train on his own until the beginning of last week.
On Wednesday, Professional Footballers' Association chief Gordon Taylor said he was "disappointed" with Mourinho's public criticism of Shaw and Smalling.
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Average rail fares are one of the items in the basket of goods that the Office for National Statistics (ONS) uses to measure inflation.

The claim: Rail fares have increased at double the rate of wages since 2010.
Reality Check verdict: Rail fares have risen by double the rate of wages since 2010, but the rate of growth has slowed considerably in the second half of that period.
As a result, we know that fares have risen by about 24% since January 2010.
We also know from the ONS that average weekly wages have risen by about 12% over the same period.
So the TUC is correct when it says that average train fares have risen by double the rate of wages since 2010.
But, there has been a change in government policy since 2010, which means that looking at the average since then does not give a fair picture.
After widespread criticism of rising fares, the coalition government, which took office in 2010, decided to act.
In 2013 it cut the cap on regulated fares from RPI inflation plus one percentage point, to July's RPI inflation rate. A year later it further tightened the rules, removing train companies' ability to increase certain fares within the cap.
The new rules meant regulated train fares - which cover about half of all tickets - could rise no faster than RPI inflation in July of the previous year until the end of the Parliament in 2015. That policy looks set to continue until 2020.
It means that the rise in rail fares has slowed considerably.
In fact, since January 2013, wages have risen by 5.7% while train fares have risen by 5.6%.
In 2015, the low rate of inflation meant that fares rose by less than wages.


Customers of Thames Water will not feel the impact of the large fine it faces after pumping millions of gallons of untreated sewage into the River Thames, the company has said.

It has admitted water pollution and other offences at sewage facilities in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire.
Fish and birds died following the spills in 2013 and 2014.
Judge Francis Sheridan, at Aylesbury Crown Court, said customers should not be punished with higher bills.
QC Richard Matthews, defending, put the spills down to negligence rather than recklessness, and said the company had improved, investing Â£4bn in upgrading equipment.
It had also made changes to its structure at the top and kept a high standard, he said.
However, speaking on Monday, the judge said the company had not lived up to that standard, or anywhere near it, in 2013 and 2014.
He added that shareholders should bear the brunt of the fine.
Mr Matthews promised the fine would not impact customers.
The spills resulted in hundreds of dead fish, fewer dragon flies, overflowing manholes and sewage spilling into nature reserves.
Environmental damage was caused in the riverside towns of Henley and Marlow.
There were also reports of nappies and other sewage debris spilling into the Thames.
The four Thames Water Utilities Ltd sewage treatment works where the spills occurred were Aylesbury, Didcot, Henley and Little Marlow.
The other site is a large sewage pumping system in Littlemore in Oxford.
Thames Water will be sentenced on 24 March.