The government will "resist" any changes to its Brexit bill and seek to overturn the defeat inflicted by the House of Lords, ministers have vowed.

Peers defied ministers by 358 to 256 to guarantee the rights of EU nationals living in the UK after Brexit.
The government said it was "disappointed" at the first defeat for its draft legislation.
MPs will have the chance to remove the Lords' amendment when the bill returns to the House of Commons.
Before then, next Tuesday, the Lords will consider backing other possible amendments to the bill, which authorises Theresa May to trigger Brexit.
Leader of the Commons David Lidington told MPs on Thursday the bill was a "straightforward" one giving the PM the power to trigger the two-year Article 50 process of leaving the EU.
"And we will therefore seek to resist changes that would make that negotiating task more difficult," he said.
The vote came after a heated debate in the Lords where the government was accused of treating EU citizens like "bargaining chips".
Ministers attempted to stave off defeat, saying the issue was a priority for the government but should be tackled as part of a deal that also protected UK expats overseas.
The amendment backed by the Lords requires the government to introduce proposals within three months of Article 50 to ensure EU citizens in the UK have the same residence rights after Brexit.
The Department for Exiting the EU said: "We are disappointed the Lords have chosen to amend a bill that the Commons passed without amendment.
"The bill has a straightforward purpose - to enact the referendum result and allow the government to get on with the negotiations."
The government said its position had "repeatedly been made clear", saying it wanted to guarantee the rights of EU citizens and British nationals "as early as we can".
Brexit Secretary David Davis said ministers had hoped to secure agreement on the issue at the European Council in December "but we couldn't get everybody to agree at that point".
Government sources tonight sound relaxed.
They knew this vote was likely to go against them. And it's an issue that the government believes it has a clear defence on.
Indeed, even during Theresa May's leadership campaign before she moved into Number 10, she articulated the same position. In her view, it would be unwise to guarantee the rights of the three million or so EU citizens in this country, before other EU countries are ready to do the same for British citizens abroad.
For her opponents that's distasteful, immoral even, because many people who have made their lives in the UK could be used, so the phrase goes, as "bargaining chips" in a negotiation.
There is little sign however of the government giving way despite the defeat.
Read the rest of Laura's blog
Former Lords leader Lord Strathclyde said the vote represented "wrong-headed and muddled thinking".
He said it was difficult to see where a compromise between the government's position and that taken by the Lords could be found.
Crossbencher Lord Kerslake, a former head of the civil service, said the vote showed that the Lords overwhelmingly felt the rights of EU citizens in the UK  was an issue that should be sorted out now.
He told BBC One's Breakfast that while the government had given assurances that it wanted to resolve the matter as soon as possible, there was a risk it could take two years if the EU decided it wants all issues included in a single deal.
Crossbencher Baroness Meacher said she understood there were at least 30 Conservative MPs who would vote to support the amendment in the Commons, even though she anticipates Tory whips will "work extremely hard with all sorts of bribes to get these people to vote with the government".
Labour's shadow Lords leader Baroness Smith said there was a "moral", a "legal" and a "pragmatic" case in favour of guaranteeing EU nationals' rights.
Seven Conservative peers voted in favour of the amendment, which was proposed by Labour with the support of the Liberal Democrats.
Shortly after the Lords vote, MEPs in the European Parliament debated the status of EU migrants in the UK.
Justice Commissioner Vera Jourova told MEPs that EU citizens in the UK and British citizens elsewhere in the EU "deserve to know what their rights will be" after Brexit.
She said the matter should be addressed "as soon as possible" but that negotiations could only begin after the UK has triggered Article 50.
(It is currently at committee stage in the House of Lords)


Afropunk, a celebration of alternative black culture and fashion, is going global.

27 September 2016 Last updated at 17:13 BST
The music festival began in New York several years ago and was held in London over the weekend. There are also plans for the festival to go to South Africa next year.
BBC Africa's Mayeni Jones joined the London revellers, who felt the Afropunk gathering was also a chance to raise questions about black British identity.


At least 39 people have died after multiple explosions in the Nigerian city of Maiduguri, an emergency official says.

Three female suicide bombers, thought to be aged between 11 and 15, struck on Friday morning, an official with the National Emergency Management Agency told BBC Hausa.
It follows bomb attacks on a mosque on Thursday, which killed at least 32.
Maiduguri is often targeted by the Islamist militant group Boko Haram.
No group has yet said it was behind the attack during Thursday's evening prayers, that also left many people injured.
More than 100 people were killed in three explosions last month in the city, which is considered the birthplace of Boko Haram.
In Thursday's attack, officials say the first suicide bomber blew himself up inside the mosque, with a second bomber detonating explosives as people rushed to help those injured in the initial blast.
The explosions caused parts of the mosque to collapse, leading to further injuries.
Nigerian military spokesman Sani Kukasheka Usman told the BBC's Newsday programme that Boko Haram was resorting to suicide attacks because "they have been degraded to the extent that they can no longer fight collectively".
This year the security forces have reclaimed most of the territory previously captured by the group in north-eastern Nigeria.
Two million people have been forced from their homes since the militants launched their insurgency in 2009.
Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari made combating the group a key campaign pledge as he sought election this year, but attacks by the Islamist group have intensified since he came to power.
Mr Usman said the Nigerian army was still determined to meet a deadline set by President Buhari to defeat Boko Haram by the end of the year.
Islamic State ties broaden Boko Haram threat
Who are Boko Haram?


A pub landlord killed an old friend with a single punch on the way to a wedding reception near Watford in Hertfordshire, a court has heard.

John Harrington, 51, said he slapped Terry Hutchinson, 64, and it was not malicious but "playful".
Mr Hutchinson fell to the ground at West Herts Golf Club and suffered a brain injury, it is alleged.
Mr Harrington, of High Street in Redbourn, denies manslaughter at Luton Crown Court.
Mr Hutchinson had moved to Thailand where he married and returned to visit friends.
He was treated at the scene and taken to St Mary's Hospital in London, where he died on 27 May last year after three days of treatment.
Prosecutor Robert O'Sullivan QC said: "Mr Harrington did not intend to kill Terry Hutchinson. He is charged with manslaughter.
"The prosecution say he deliberately and unlawfully assaulted Mr Hutchinson and that assault was a significant cause of his death."
Mr Hutchinson had been drinking in the Red Lion in Bushey before being driven to Mr Harrington's pub, The Bull in Redbourn, the court heard.
Later another friend joined them and they were taken to the golf club where members of Mr Harrington's extended family were attending the wedding reception.
Mr O'Sullivan said: "There was a fair bit of banter on the part of Mr Harrington.
"What may have started out as drunken high spirits concluded with the defendant assaulting Mr Hutchinson with such force he went to the ground immediately and did not get up."
Mr Harrington told police: "I think I slapped him. I don't think I punched him. It was an open hand, not a fist. It was a playful slap."
The case continues.


The mother of a Maesteg teenager who died after he was hit by a school minibus driven by a teacher described him as "our angel" at his funeral.

Ashley Talbot, 15, was struck by the bus at Maesteg School, Bridgend county, on 10 December.
The Rev Bev Reaney read a written eulogy from Melanie Talbot to about 250 mourners at St Cynfelyn Church in Caerau on Tuesday.
"I am sure he will remain in all our hearts forever," the tribute said.
Ashley, a budding mechanic and motocross fan, was buried at Cymmer Cemetery in Croeserw.
In her eulogy, Ms Talbot said: "Don't get me wrong, Ashley was no angel - but he was our angel.
"Ashley was our son - handsome, funny, and no-one could love him more than we did as a family. "
A coroner's hearing into Ashley's death has been opened and adjourned. A police and health and safety investigation into the incident is continuing.
Ashley was hit by the school minibus as it was being driven to a rugby game by PE teacher Chris Brooks.


More adolescents are killed by HIV/Aids around the world than by anything else, apart from road traffic accidents.

While HIV infection rates have been falling globally in the past 10 years or so, among adolescents in some regions they have been on the rise - prompting fears of a "hidden epidemic".
One in eight new HIV infections occurs in this group of young people.
In Asia, according to a recent Unicef report, the epidemic is growing fastest in young gay and bisexual men. And one of the factors behind this trend is thought to be an increase in casual sex with multiple partners, driven by mobile dating apps.
Nest is 19 and lives in Bangkok, Thailand. He uses mobile apps like Grindr and Growlr to meet and date other gay adolescents.
"I don't like to have sex at the first meeting, I prefer to chat and get to know the person first," he says.
"But some of my friends just meet up for sex. If you go on Growlr, there will be around 50 guys available during the day, or 100 at night."
Nest practises safe sex but not with his regular partners. It took time for him to build up the courage to go for his first HIV test and he was relieved to find he was in the clear.
"I was very tense. I read all about HIV on the internet and what would happen if I got a positive result. I've been safer since then."
Like many other adolescents, Nest is using dating apps to hook up to a sexual network and meet people nearby for casual sex.
Wing-Sie Cheng, Unicef regional advisor for HIV and Aids in Bangkok, says she suspects many young men and women are being put at risk.
"It's not just one to one, it's one to many, so the risks of acquiring HIV go up."
Although there is no evidence directly linking apps to HIV infection rates, their increasing prevalence means there is a "need to sound alarm bells", she adds.
Adolescence is traditionally a time when teenagers engage in risky behaviour and look to experiment and gain more independence.
The rise in ownership of smartphones and the popularity of social media has opened up opportunities for them to express themselves.
And that's prompted organisations like Unicef to start working with the companies running dating apps to help users act responsibly.
This age group is vulnerable and needs support - and using social media to offer that is obvious, Wing-Sie Cheng says.
"We need to communicate with them in a way they recognise, in their language.
"Our role is not to judge them but to facilitate access to health services."
Gay dating app, Blued, is one of the most popular of its kind in China. Unicef has worked with it to put a red ribbon on every picture to remind users about Aids. The app also provides information on how and where to go for an HIV test.
With more than one million active users across 192 countries, Grindr is the largest and probably the best-known gay platform. The app now encourages users to go for an HIV test and points them towards the nearest testing centre.
The aim is to raise HIV testing rates to 90% in at-risk groups. At present, they vary widely across different regions.
But there are other issues to be confronted too.
Parental consent is needed before a teenager can take an HIV test in many countries, with 11 in Asia including Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand.
Although this requirement is intended to protect under-18s, it also makes adolescents less likely to go for a test because they have to involve their parents.
Rather than being a useful protective measure, parental consent has become a barrier to testing and treatment, experts say.
In other regions of the world, adolescents are vulnerable too - but for different reasons.
In sub-Saharan Africa, it's girls who are most at risk of HIV because of high rates of teenage pregnancies, child marriage and poverty.
In areas where drug usage is high and sex work is common, HIV tends to flourish too.
A paper published in the Journal of the International AIDS Society described some of the many challenges faced by teenage girls.
"Often adolescent girls do not know where and how to obtain the health services they need. Even when they are able to obtain health services, they are often reluctant to do so because of fears about privacy, confidentiality, of being judged and of being treated with disrespect."
In every region of the world, HIV affects different groups of young people in different ways, making the solution unique to each location.
However, Dr Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli, an expert in adolescent sexual and reproductive health at the World Health Organization, says there is one common failing - and that's a lack of proper sex and sexuality education.
"Girls find out about sex from their sisters and cousins, or in the playground. Their mothers don't talk to them, their teachers skip the relevant chapters at school."
And yet if they have access to the internet, in just a few clicks they can be viewing hard core pornography.
Inadequate sex education for boys and girls is a global problem, he says, and it means young people are growing up without understanding puberty, relationships, how to make responsible choices and without the life skills they need.
Dr Chandra-Mouli admits getting sex or sexuality education right isn't easy - but it's possible, as a number of countries, such as Estonia, Sweden and Colombia have demonstrated.
He believes the rewards will make the end of the AIDS epidemic more likely - a global target for 2030.
"This is a 'never before' moment in adolescent health," he says.
"HIV is a key priority - but this isn't just about a lack of contraception."
Good sexual education means young people will feel more comfortable about who they are and what they should do to stay healthy.
In a technology-obsessed adolescent world, sexual health and mental health appear to go hand in hand.


Police in Suffolk say they will no longer take in general lost property because most items are never reunited with their rightful owners.

Suffolk Police said the taxpayer paid for the 95% of never-claimed items to be stored or disposed of.
Police forces have no legal duty to provide a lost and found service.
Inspector Bob Cracknell, of Suffolk Police, said it would only accept items that relate to crime, contain sensitive details or pose a public threat.
More updates on this story and others from Suffolk
"It is time to look at the practicalities of lost and found property," he said. "The constabulary handles a large amount each year and it costs a significant amount to process."
The idea has been criticised by some residents on the BBC Suffolk Facebook page.
Clara Hines said not being able to hand in valuables to the police was "not very good way of teaching kids" while Simon Rigo suggested it would mean a "finders keepers" society.


The family feud at the heart of France's far-right National Front party appears to have deepened, with Jean-Marie Le Pen telling a radio station his daughter Marine "may want me dead".

He also described calls for him to step down as honorary president of the party as "crazy".
Marine has condemned her father for his recently repeated claims that Nazi gas chambers were a "detail of history".
She says she will stop him from standing in polls later this year.
On Wednesday, she said in a statement (in French) that her father "seems to have entered a veritable spiral between a scorched earth strategy and political suicide".
"Given this situation, I have told him I will oppose... his candidacy in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur," she said.
She said his "crude provocations seem aimed at harming me but, alas, they have dealt a very heavy blow to the whole movement".
In a sign she is supported by others in the National Front (FN) leadership, party vice-president Florian Philippot suggested Jean-Marie Le Pen should resign from the party he founded 40 years ago.
But in response, the 86-year-old warned the FN was at risk of imploding if he agreed to the "crazy idea" of stepping down.
"The prestige that I obviously still have within the Front National would provoke a considerable stir, and a loss of influence for [Marine] that she probably doesn't gauge," he told RTL radio on Thursday.
"Marine Le Pen may want me dead, that's possible, but she must not count on my co-operation," he added.
Jean-Marie Le Pen: a career in controversy
A family feud on the French far-right
A step closer to power for the FN?
From 'untouchables' to EU force
The rift opened up after Mr Le Pen earlier this month gave a radio interview in which he repeated his controversial remarks on the Nazi gas chambers, as well as saying the French wartime leader Marshal Petain was unfairly maligned.
He went on to say that France was governed by immigrants - singling out Prime Minister Manuel Valls, who is of Spanish heritage - and that France needed an alliance with Russia to save the "world of the whites".
Marine Le Pen is widely expected to run for president in 2017.
Last month the FN polled 25% of votes in the first round of local elections.
While lower than some opinion polls had predicted, correspondents say that performance showed that Marine Le Pen's strategy, including shutting down the party's overtly racist elements, is paying off.
However, the party has faced a turbulent time in recent weeks, with the European Parliament calling in the EU's anti-fraud squad to investigate possible financial irregularities involving the party.


Who needs words when you can tell the week's news in pictures?

We bring you five stories from the last few days - in emojis.
Did you know the word emoji literally means "picture" (e) + "character" (moji) in Japanese?
Well, now you do, get cracking on these. Answers at the bottom of the page.
1 - ITV cancels the Dapper Laughs show after it is branded sexist and offensive.
2 - Ten stars head for the jungle as the line-up for this year's I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! is revealed.
3 -  Confusion about a tiger on the loose in Paris (which isn't a tiger and isn't in Paris).
4 - A spacecraft successfully lands on a comet, everyone celebrates... and then worries about its battery.
5 - Is Twitter changing to help prevent #FOMO?
Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube


The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland has voted to allow congregations to ordain gay ministers who are in same sex civil partnerships.

Delegates voted 309 in favour and 183 against.
The vote followed a church-wide debate and consultations with all 45 presbyteries, which voted 31 to 14 in favour of change.
A further vote will be held this week on whether or not to extend ordination to ministers in same sex marriages.
Supporters said it was time for the church to be inclusive and recognise the "mixed economy" of modern Scotland.
Opponents warned that the move was contrary to God's law, would prove divisive and lead to resignations.
A spokesman for the Church of Scotland said that the current stance meant that the Church had adopted a position which "maintains a traditional view of marriage between a man and woman, but allows individual congregations to 'opt out' if they wish to appoint a minister or a deacon in a same sex civil partnership."
No Kirk session can be forced into doing so.
The debate predates the legalisation of gay marriage, so the Assembly will be asked next Thursday to consider amending the new Kirk law to include ministers in same-sex marriages.
The ordaining of gay ministers has proved a controversial topic for years.
In 2009 some members attempted to block the appointment of the Reverend Scott Rennie, who is gay, to Queen's Cross Church in Aberdeen.
At the Kirk's gathering in 2011, commissioners voted to accept gay and lesbian clergy - on the condition they had declared their sexuality and were ordained before 2009.
The Kirk then prepared a report by its theological commission, which set out arguments on both sides.
Last year, the general assembly voted to allow presbyteries to debate whether congregations could opt out of its traditional stance and appoint homosexual ministers.
They also agreed to put new draft legislation out to local presbyteries to settle the issue once and for all.
The presbyteries came back in favour of change by 31 to 14.
At the opening of the General Assembly, which was attended by First Minister Nicola Sturgeon, Rev Dr Angus Morrison was installed as the new Moderator.
He was forced to withdraw from the role last year to undergo treatment for cancer.
In a speech later on Saturday, the outgoing Moderator Very Rev John Chalmers was to say: "We cannot go on suffering the pain of internal attacks which are designed to undermine the work or the place of others. It's time to play for the team.
"And let me be very clear here - I am not speaking to one side or another of the theological spectrum. I am speaking to both ends and middle.
"It is time to stop calling each other names, time to shun the idea that we should define ourselves by our differences and instead define ourselves by what we hold in common - our baptism into Christ, our dependence on God's grace, our will to serve the poor and so on."


State schools are shut in Denmark for a second day because of a dispute between teachers and local authorities over working conditions.

About 90,000 teachers were locked out after negotiations broke down and nearly 900,000 pupils have no classes.
A teachers' union spokesman called the action "historic" for Denmark.
Gordon Madsen told BBC News that the government and teachers' employers wanted teachers to spend more time in the classroom during the school day.
The changes would mean younger children spending about two more hours in school daily and the oldest children three more hours, he said.
Mr Madsen said the teachers' time for preparing lessons would be reduced under the reforms. The teachers are pushing for a cap of 25 hours a week spent teaching, so that it is clear what counts as overtime.
The dispute affects children between the ages of six and 16. They are now spending their time at home with family members, or at their parents' workplaces or at youth clubs.
"Teachers are protesting in the streets all over Denmark," Mr Madsen said.
He accused the centre-left government of doing a deal on school reform with the local authority organisation KL, which pre-empted negotiations with the national teachers' union.
"It's the first time all the teachers have been locked out. It's a threat to the Danish model," he said, explaining that traditionally in Scandinavia workplace conditions are negotiated directly between unions and the employers without government interference.
Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt defended the plan to introduce longer hours in school, and said her government was not yet prepared to intervene in the dispute.
"We cannot accept that an average of three or four children in each class never learn to write at a level that enables them to go on to further education," she said on Tuesday.


For 20 years, senior Sinn Fein member Denis Donaldson led a secret life as an informer for MI5, the RUC and PSNI.

Then in April 2006, he was told by police that the media were about to expose his role as an agent and he fled to a remote cottage the family owned in Donegal.
He was shot dead in the cottage a short time later.
Three years after he was killed, the Real IRA said they were responsible.
But Denis Donaldson's family have alleged that police officers who knew about his secret role may have exposed him as an agent and contributed to his death.
They complained to the previous Police Ombudsman, Al Hutchinson, and asked for an investigation into the conduct of police officers who knew about his life as an informer.
Three years ago, in February 2010, he wrote to the family, saying his office had conducted "significant enquiries with the PSNI".
The letter went on to say that "no police misconduct has been identified" and declared that the matter was now considered closed.
The current ombudsman, Michael Maguire, has now confirmed that a new investigation has been launched.
In a statement, he said the decision was taken because of new information of which his office was previously not aware.
The statement is believed to be a reference to information uncovered by a BBC Spotlight programme in October 2011 which revealed serious failings in the investigation.
The BBC revealed that the original investigation was declared closed without investigators speaking to a Special Branch agent handler who used the name Lenny.
It was a phone call from Lenny that sent Denis Donaldson fleeing to Donegal from his west Belfast home and he told his family he remained in contact with Lenny while in hiding there.
His family believes the agent handler may have the answers to what happened.
The BBC also established that Mr Donaldson had been writing a journal while living in Donegal.
It was removed by garda officers investigating his death.
His family believe it could hold details of his life as an informant and potential clues about who killed him and why.
The family was initially told they would be given the journal when Mr Donaldson's personal belongings were returned to them, but were later told it was being retained "for security reasons".
Those working on the first ombudsman investigation were not aware of the existence of the journal.
After those revelations, solicitors acting for Denis Donaldson's family wrote to Al Hutchinson asking him to withdraw his finding that no police officer was guilty of wrong doing.
They also wrote to PSNI Chief Constable Matt Baggott expressing their rejection of the findings and their complaint was then referred back to the ombudsman's office.
In a statement on Wednesday, the current Police Ombudsman confirmed that his office is "looking at allegations about police conduct in connection with events surrounding the death of Mr Donaldson".
Michael Maguire added: "The office had previously looked at these allegations.
"Since then, members of Mr Donaldson's family have brought new information to the office which they were previously not aware of."
It is understood the new investigation has already started and that the Police Ombudsman will ask the garda for access to the journal, and seek to interview the Special Branch agent handler known as Lenny.
Mr Donaldson's family have welcomed the decision to launch a new investigation.
In a statement, they said they would fully co-operate with investigators and expect the PSNI to do the same.
The family urged any former or current PSNI officers with information about what happened to come forward.


Plymouth Argyle make their 10th summer signing by bringing in former loan midfielder Oscar Threlkeld after he was released by Bolton Wanderers.

The 21-year-old made 25 appearance on loan to Argyle from the Wanderers during last season.
He missing out on playing the League Two play-offs for Argyle because of the terms of his loan deal.
But, now his Bolton contract has expired, he has returned to Home Park on an undisclosed-length deal.
Following goalkeeper Vincent Dorel's new contract, Pilgrims boss Derek Adams now has 18 first-team players under contract for the 2016-17 season, which starts on 6 August.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Argentina and Sevilla have reached agreement for Jorge Sampaoli to take over as boss of his home country.

Sampaoli, 57, guided Sevilla to a fourth-placed finish in La Liga in his only season in charge and the last 16 of the Champions League before losing 3-2 on aggregate to Leicester.
"All parties are satisfied by the agreement reached," said a Sevilla statement on Friday.
Argentina sacked Edgardo Bauza last month after eight matches as coach.
Sevilla's statement added: "This agreement in principle is pending the drafting and presentation of the relevant documents, which must be signed by all parties by next Thursday, 1 June."
Sampaoli revealed last week that Argentina wanted to appoint him.
"My contract with the club contains clauses which allow me to leave," said the Argentine.
"There's a clear desire from my country to have me as coach and I've had a dream of taking that chance."


Lewis Hamilton and Mercedes stole a stunning victory in the Spanish Grand Prix from Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel.

A clever strategic move by the team followed by Hamilton attacking and passing Vettel put the Briton in control and he defended successfully to the end.
Vettel had passed Hamilton off the start line to lead for the first half of the race but ended up out-flanked by their rivals.
Hamilton's second win of the season cut his deficit to Vettel in the championship to six points after five of 20 races.
It was a tense and gripping battle befitting the closeness of the fight between Formula 1's top teams this season.
Vettel took control of the race with a superb start, sweeping around the outside of Hamilton into Turn One and building a 2.2-second lead with a blistering first lap.
When Ferrari beat Mercedes to making the first pit stop, preventing Hamilton passing by stopping earlier and benefiting from fresh tyres, the race appeared to be Vettel's to lose and Mercedes to win.
Mercedes switched strategies, putting Hamilton on a long middle stint on the slower medium tyre, the idea being to attack Vettel at the end of the race, when Hamilton would be on the soft tyre and the Ferrari on the medium.
They then bought themselves some time by delaying the first pit stop of Hamilton's team-mate Valtteri Bottas so he could hold up Vettel for a couple of laps.
Vettel's delay behind Bottas brought Hamilton's deficit to the Ferrari down by four seconds but the German limited the damage with a stunning passing move on the Finn into Turn One.
Vettel dummied to the inside, then the outside, before diving down the inside, his wheels brushing the grass, to grasp the lead and apparently take another step towards victory.
The race turned during a period of the virtual safety car, when cars are forced to lap at controlled speeds while a car is cleared from a dangerous spot.
This was to remove Stoffel Vandoorne's McLaren, which went off at the first corner after a collision with Massa.
The VSC was in play for two laps and Mercedes waited until it was just about to end to pit Hamilton for a set of soft tyres.
The move was an inspired gamble with 30 laps still to go, a tough task on the soft tyre.
Ferrari responded to Mercedes by stopping Vettel for the final time a lap later and he rejoined from the pits as Hamilton pounded down the pit straight.
They went into the first corner side by side and Vettel forced Hamilton off the track at Turn One as he defended his lead.
Hamilton now had to pass Vettel on a track where overtaking is notoriously difficult.
He pressured Vettel hard for the next seven laps before getting close enough to try for a pass at the start of lap 44. Hamilton was close enough at the final corner to get the DRS overtaking aid and he swept by Vettel around the outside into Turn One.
Hamilton, who sounded breathless and anxious on the radio throughout the race, tensely asked his team what he needed to do in terms of building a gap while also protecting his tyres, and Ferrari briefly considered switching strategy to make an extra stop.
But he controlled his pace exquisitely to take his 55th win and almost certainly one of his best.
After helping Hamilton out, Bottas looked set for third place but he broke down with an engine failure on lap 39.
His retirement handed third place to Red Bull's Daniel Ricciardo, a huge 73 seconds behind Hamilton and Vettel.
Red Bull's Max Verstappen and Ferrari's Kimi Raikkonen retired on the first lap after a collision at the first corner as they went three-abreast with Bottas.
Force India took fourth and fifth with Sergio Perez and Esteban Ocon, with Renault's Nico Hulkenberg seventh.
Fernando Alonso had a dispiriting day 24 hours after thrilling his home fans and impressing the paddock with a stunning seventh place on the grid.
The McLaren driver dropped to 10th on the first lap when he was forced wide and off the track at the second corner by Williams' Felipe Massa and had to drive through the gravel to rejoin.
Alonso will fly overnight to America to start his assault on the Indianapolis 500, for which he is missing the next race in Monaco, where Jenson Button will come out of retirement to substitute for him.
Monaco, in two week's time. It's impossible to predict what will happen on the claustrophobic streets of Monaco in this see-saw battle between Mercedes and Ferrari.
Hamilton said earlier in the year he thought the shorter Ferrari might be more agile there, but the Mercedes was the fastest car through the tight final sector of Barcelona's lap so another close battle is almost certainly in store.


A former Premier League footballer raped a woman in a hotel after pestering her for weeks "to be his girl", a court has heard.

Former Newcastle United striker Nile Ranger, 22, is accused of raping the woman after the pair had been out together in January last year.
The player, who is now with League One Swindon Town, denies the charge.
Newcastle Crown Court heard the woman woke naked next to Mr Ranger not knowing where she was.
Christine Egerton, prosecuting, said the alleged victim could remember being with the footballer at Empress bar in Newcastle, where he bought them drinks, but could remember nothing more until she woke up naked in a hotel room the next day.
She told the jury: "She has no recollection that evening of going to a different place, but when she woke up she knew she had been there because she had a stamp on her hand."
Ms Egerton told the court that Mr Ranger told her they had had sex and that she needed to take the morning after pill. She said she then got dressed, called a taxi and left.
Ms Egerton said it was "crystal clear that she was not consenting" as "she was so incapacitated by drink or something unknown that she found it difficult to walk and has no memory whatsoever of what occurred".
The court was played an interview the alleged victim conducted with the police, where she said: "I was feeling really sick, I cannot explain how I felt, I have never felt like that before. I did not feel like I was there."
CCTV footage was also shown of the pair arriving in a taxi at the Carlton Hotel in Jesmond, Newcastle, where she can be seen falling out of the car.
The jury heard Mr Ranger had been messaging her in the weeks before and would always come and talk to her when they met in clubs.
But the court was told she had always told him she was not interested and said she had a boyfriend.
Ms Egerton added: "As far as he was concerned he wanted something more and it went further than that because he had been pestering her for some time.
"In the days and weeks before this allegation they had been communicating by text and in these communications he had asked her to be his girl."
The court was told on a previous occasion she had gone back to a hotel with him as he said he wanted to talk to her.
The jury heard he had started kissing her neck and touching her leg, but she had not wanted him to do that, so when he went to the bathroom, she had left the hotel and got a taxi home.
After being arrested Mr Ranger told police they had twice had sex and she had consented "whole heartedly" and "enthusiastically".
The trial continues.


People from ethnic minority backgrounds in Scotland still face "significant barriers" in the workplace, according to a report by a committee of MSPs.

The report said ethnic minorities largely performed better academically than white Scots.
But they were more likely to be unemployed or in low-paid work, and were under-represented in senior management roles.
Here, three people from different ethnic minority backgrounds describe some of the difficulties they have encountered.
Born in Togo, Joseph moved to Glasgow aged four and is fluent in English and French. He is also Scotland's under-20s triple jump champion.
A former pupil at Bellahouston Academy's Glasgow School of Sport, he volunteers as a sports coach with Shettleston Harriers.
For a year Joseph struggled to find work, before gaining a Commonwealth Apprentice with North Glasgow Housing Association, which provides housing and support services to tenants and owners in North Glasgow.
He said: "I don't feel like I encountered any barriers during my school years. There were lots of people at Bellahouston Academy from a range of different ethnic backgrounds and I never felt we were treated differently.
"The problems started when I left school.  I was at college, but getting a job was definitely my goal.
"A white, Scottish friend and I would go out together looking for work. We would hand in our CVs, but even though we had the same qualifications, he got the calls.
"I thought putting my picture on my CV would show I'm smart and presentable. But then I started to wonder if having my picture  - and name - on my CV made the difference."
Ola is a Polish national. A university graduate, she has studied and worked in Glasgow for 10 years.
She said: "Aged 18, I arrived in Glasgow on a Tuesday and started work on Wednesday. My mother had a catering company back in Poland, so I had a lot of industry experience.
"I spoke English and I benefited from a positive stereotype. Employers would say to me, 'you're a Polish girl. You'll be hard-working. We'll take you on.'
"That was the positive side. But employers wrongly assumed I didn't have the legal right to work here and that I would work harder for less. I had to fight to get the same contract my co-workers took for granted, and to be paid minimum wage.
"My supervisor would make fun of my accent. You learned 'not to understand' certain things. It made life easier.
"The occasional client would tell me to 'get back to my own country' if I didn't serve their drink quickly enough. I would respond with a look, but only that.
"You don't want to be aggressive or start trouble. But I think I would have encountered greater challenges if I wasn't white. As a Polish national, I blended in."
Zarina is a Climate Change and Environment Officer with the Council of Ethnic Minority Voluntary Sector Organisations (CEMVO).
She said: "Aged 16, my daughter started to apply for a Saturday job. Her white, Scottish friends have the same educational background; they take part in the same after-school activities and have the same experiences. The only difference is name and skin colour.
"It's hard when your daughter sees her white friend applying for a handful of Saturday jobs, then being taken on at Â£10 an hour, while she makes countless applications, before finally being given a Â£3.75 an hour job.
"She was in tears, asking 'what's wrong with me?'
"We're now at the stage where many Asian people living in Scotland are third or fourth generation. Our culture and language are no different from people who identify as Scottish ethnicity. The only difference often setting us apart is skin colour.
"I believe that if I had white, foreign parents, I would be seen as British by employers. But that's not the case for me or my children.
"Asian people have accepted unfair treatment when we shouldn't accept it. We don't want to 'rock the boat'. We don't want to be seen as 'problematic'.
"But third and fourth generation Asians are still not accepted, mainstream or integrated into the world of work. This needs to be tackled. We need strong, proactive leaders in anti-racism, employing similar strategies to the LGBT movement.
"We also need to recognise that there exists a culture of institutional racism and this needs to change."


Cambridge romped to a simple win at Hartlepool, the result every bit as comprehensive as it seems.

Four goals in 19 second-half minutes saw the U's take total command to record their third League Two win in a row.
For the hapless hosts this was their second heavy defeat in a week, after they lost 4-0 at Port Vale in the FA Cup to pile the pressure on boss Craig Hignett.
Home defender Toto Nsiala bundled over Luke Berry in the area, but his penalty was superbly saved by Trevor Carson on 43 minutes.
Carson made another fine save to deny Luke Berry, but Pools failed to clear and James Dunne smashed in a fine shot from 15 yards on 51 minutes.
Ten minutes later the lead was doubled as Berry knocked in from close range after being teed up from a powerful run by Uche Ikpeazu on the right.
On 67 minutes, a deep Berry corner was powerfully headed in at the far post by defender Leon Legge.
There was only a four-minute wait for the fourth, Ikpeazu getting a deserved goal with a tap-in.
And on 88 minutes substitute Max Clark's shot was deflected in.
Report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Hartlepool United 0, Cambridge United 5.
Second Half ends, Hartlepool United 0, Cambridge United 5.
Corner,  Hartlepool United. Conceded by James Dunne.
Attempt missed. Rhys Oates (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the left.
Attempt saved. Lewis Hawkins (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top centre of the goal.
Lewis Alessandra (Hartlepool United) hits the bar with a right footed shot from the centre of the box.
Goal!  Hartlepool United 0, Cambridge United 5. Max Clark (Cambridge United) right footed shot from outside the box to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Harrison Dunk.
Attempt blocked. Liam Donnelly (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Billy Paynter (Hartlepool United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Leon Legge (Cambridge United).
Rhys Oates (Hartlepool United) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Luke Berry (Cambridge United).
James Martin (Hartlepool United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Luke Berry (Cambridge United).
Substitution, Cambridge United. Ben Williamson replaces Piero Mingoia.
Attempt missed. Rhys Oates (Hartlepool United) left footed shot from the left side of the box misses to the right.
Substitution, Hartlepool United. Michael Woods replaces Nicky Featherstone.
Attempt missed. Leon Legge (Cambridge United) header from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the left.
Corner,  Cambridge United. Conceded by Matthew Bates.
Attempt saved. Lewis Alessandra (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Foul by Rhys Oates (Hartlepool United).
Greg Taylor (Cambridge United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Cambridge United. Max Clark replaces Conor Newton.
Attempt missed. Piero Mingoia (Cambridge United) right footed shot from outside the box is too high.
Substitution, Hartlepool United. Rhys Oates replaces Aristote Nsiala.
Goal!  Hartlepool United 0, Cambridge United 4. Uche Ikpeazu (Cambridge United) left footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Luke Berry.
Attempt blocked. Leon Legge (Cambridge United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Foul by Lewis Hawkins (Hartlepool United).
Uche Ikpeazu (Cambridge United) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Goal!  Hartlepool United 0, Cambridge United 3. Leon Legge (Cambridge United) header from the left side of the six yard box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Harrison Dunk with a cross following a set piece situation.
Corner,  Cambridge United. Conceded by Billy Paynter.
Attempt blocked. Luke Berry (Cambridge United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Foul by James Martin (Hartlepool United).
Luke Berry (Cambridge United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Padraig Amond (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Goal!  Hartlepool United 0, Cambridge United 2. Luke Berry (Cambridge United) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Uche Ikpeazu.
Substitution, Hartlepool United. Lewis Alessandra replaces Nicky Deverdics.
Attempt missed. Josh Laurent (Hartlepool United) header from the centre of the box misses to the right.
Corner,  Hartlepool United. Conceded by Leon Legge.
Harrison Dunk (Cambridge United) is shown the yellow card.


Scotland's investment minister Keith Brown told the BBC there was no plan to cut Scottish business rates in light of the Brexit vote.

His comment came after the Scottish Conservatives urged the Scottish government to implement a five-year rates freeze for businesses.
Mr Brown said such taxes would be reviewed in due course.
Tory MSP Murdo Fraser believed a "helping hand" could be given to businesses if rates were cut.
Mr Brown, who is cabinet secretary for infrastructure, investment and cities, said the decision by UK voters to end Britain's membership of the EU meant taking action "in a new situation".
He told BBC Radio Scotland's Good Morning Scotland programme that the Conservative's business rates cuts plan had been made prior to the referendum.
The SNP minister explained: "We are in a new situation just now post Brexit - there are huge uncertainties.
"The most effective way to make an economic impact, to provide certainty in terms of jobs and to businesses is to invest in infrastructure, not just because it employs people right away but because it improves productive capacity of the country.
"If you improve the infrastructure, your roads, your hospitals your colleges and so on you improve the potential capacity of the country and that is why we think it is right to focus on this."
He added: "We have a review of business taxation, as announced by the first minister."
Mr Brown was speaking the day after Nicola Sturgeon announced £100m of funding to boost Scotland's economy following the referendum which saw the UK vote by 52% to 48% to leave the EU. However, in Scotland 62% of voters wanted to retain membership.
The Scottish government will bring forward support for job-creating projects and arrangements to help businesses deal with uncertainty.
The £100m - which comes from underspend in previous budgets - will be made available in the current financial year to speed up delivery of health and other infrastructure projects which are currently in the pipeline, including £5m for expansion of services at the Golden Jubilee Hospital.
Mr Fraser said that while this announcement was welcome, the Scottish government needed to do two key things.
The first was to rule out a second independence referendum and the second was to "listen to the calls from the business community in Scotland to address the cost of doing business".
In an interview with Good Morning Scotland, Mr Fraser said: "Their [business community] primary concern is rates which have been hiked by 42% since the SNP came to power in 2007.
"Our answer would be to stimulate the Scottish economy and give a helping hand to business by freezing business rates for the next five years - that was in our manifesto for the parliamentary election this year, it is something widely supported in the business community and it would deliver a real helping hand to businesses of all sizes across Scotland.
"It is something absolutely essential that needed to be done before Brexit because the Scottish economy was, relatively speaking, underperforming to the rest of the UK.
"It is needed even more now and it is a pity the Scottish government are not being a bit more ambitious in their own thinking rather than just bringing forward spending money that should have been spent last year."
The Scottish Chambers of Commerce urged ministers at Holyrood to act now on business rates.
Its chief executive Liz Cameron explained: "Scotland Business Rates will be revalued in less than eight months' time but the values that will apply are based on the economy as it was on 1 April 2015 - over a year before the EU referendum and before the worst effects of persistent low oil prices became apparent.
"If the Scottish government chooses to do nothing about next year's rates bills, then businesses will be hit with valuations that bear no relevance to the economic conditions they will be facing next year."
On Wednesday, the Conservative government's Scottish Secretary David Mundell began holding talks in Scotland with leaders from the business and public sectors.
He continued those discussions on Thursday when he met representatives from Scottish local authority body Cosla.
Mr Mundell said he told the gathering that the UK government was doing all it could to make sure the UK government was "working hard to get the best deal for all parts of the UK".
He added: "Local authorities come together in Cosla to collaborate, despite their political differences, for the benefit of their communities.
"In the same way the UK government will work with the Scottish government and other partners as 'Team UK', to ensure that we maximise the opportunities for Scotland as we forge a new role for our country in the world."


A girl who made allegations of abuse in the 1970s was nearly prosecuted for being drunk, the Jersey care inquiry has heard.

The inquiry is currently examining what happened at the Haut de la Garenne children's home in the 1960s and 1970s.
On Wednesday, the panel was shown memos and letters between child care officers about a man accused of assaulting girls from the home.
They allege he sexually abused some children after giving them alcohol.
Documents, including statements given to police and the historical abuse redress scheme, show girls were assaulted by a man in his own home near Haut de la Garenne.
One document detailed a complaint of abuse against the man, who cannot be named, by two girls from the home.
No action was taken against him and the police considered prosecuting at least one of the girls for drunken behaviour, the document said.
Letters from the time show management at the home made the man's house out of bounds to children and told staff to report any occasions when children visited his house, the inquiry heard.
The inquiry was also shown a statement made to the police in 2008, in which a former male resident said he was raped by the head of the home after being accused of stealing.
Despite needing medical attention, he said nothing happened to his abuser.
Official documents made no mention of sexual abuse but refer to the witness's deteriorating behaviour and staff frustration at his inability to deal with his problems.
The inquiry heard that repeated requests for the boy, who moved to Haut de la Garenne in the 1960s, to be assessed by a unit in the UK were finally met in 1975.
The inquiry continues.


Diane James is the new leader of the UK Independence Party, after winning the contest to succeed Nigel Farage.

Once a Conservative supporter, she distanced herself from the party and became an independent councillor in 2007, before joining UKIP.
One of UKIP's most fluent and reliable media performers, Ms James, 56, has held several high profile roles in the party, including the deputy chairmanship and spokeswoman for justice and home affairs.
She rose to prominence in the party after almost winning the 2013 Eastleigh by-election from the Lib Dems, coming within fewer than 2,000 votes of victory. She impressed journalists with her performance and relegated the Conservatives in to third place.
Ms James went on to enjoy greater electoral success the following year, when she was elected to the European Parliament as MEP for South East England - a position she still holds today.
As UKIP's deputy chair and home affairs and justice spokeswoman Ms James has maintained a high profile in the party's ranks.
The MEP was selected to stand as its parliamentary candidate in North West Hampshire in 2015, but she later dropped her bid "personal reasons". But she would go on to play a prominent role in UKIP's election campaign.
While seen as measured and steady, Ms James has not shied away from making the odd controversial comment, saying during an LBC radio interview in April 2015 that she "admired" Russian President Vladimir Putin for his leadership strength.
"I admire him from the point of view that he is standing up for his country," she said in response to a question about Russian aggression in Ukraine. "He's very nationalist... I do admire him. He is a very strong leader."
She also publicly criticised her predecessor as chairwoman, Suzanne Evans, describing her as "a woman scorned" after Ms Evans sought and lost a High Court bid to overturn a temporary suspension from the party - a ban which ultimately prevented her from running for the leadership.
In her pitch to succeed Mr Farage, who has led the party for almost all of the past nine years, Ms James pledged to bring a "different" leadership style to UKIP, saying she would harness the "scale of depth of talent" among the party's membership, local representatives and MEPs.
But she encountered criticism from some in the party during the leadership campaign, after failing to take part in hustings with the other candidates.
Philip Broughton, one of those candidates, accused her of "undemocratic" campaign tactics, but Ms James defended her decision, saying she could answer more of activists' questions at her own events.
Prior to entering politics, Ms James was a businesswomen and healthcare professional, specialising in healthcare strategy development, innovation and business transformation.
She was educated at Rochester Grammar School and Thames Valley University and lists fitness, dance, antiques and travel among her interests.
She is also fluent in French and German.


A story written by Queen Victoria almost 200 years ago, when she was a little girl, is being revealed to the public for the first time.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
4 June 2015 Last updated at 08:16 BST
Queen Victoria wrote the book called 'The Adventures of Alice Laselles' when she was 10 years old.
The book tells the tale of a girl called Alice, who is sent to boarding school after her father re-marries, and the adventures she has there.
Author, Dame Jacqueline Wilson was chosen to write the introduction to the book, and she said: "If Victoria hadn't been destined to be Queen, I think she might have made a remarkable novelist."
Queen Victoria is well known for the detailed diaries she kept as an adult, but this is the earliest written work by the Queen ever published.
The original notebook she wrote the story in has been in the royal archives all this time, but now the Royal Collection Trust have turned it into a book and are sharing it with the public.
The story is going to be released on the June 8 2015.


Maria Sharapova will face a hearing for testing positive for meldonium, despite the World Anti-Doping Agency issuing fresh guidance on the banned substance.

Wada said on Tuesday athletes who tested positive for meldonium before 1 March could avoid bans.
But the International Tennis Federation said Sharapova's case will proceed.
The Russian tested positive for the drug at this year's Australian Open, after it was added to Wada's banned substances list from 1 January.
Wada's change in stance is because of a "lack of clear scientific information on excretion times", meaning the agency has so far been unable to establish how long it takes for the drug to clear the human body.
Sharapova's racquet manufacturer Head stood by the Russian after she initially confirmed the positive test on 8 March, and the company has now called for an amnesty in meldonium cases.
"It is now quite clear that Wada made the decision to ban meldonium based solely upon the alleged prevalence of use among Eastern European and Russian athletes," said head chief executive and chairman Johan Eliasch.
"This highlights a wholly flawed decision-making process by Wada whereby the ban on meldonium has no justification.
"Until clinical testing is undertaken to prove that meldonium has indeed performance-enhancing potential, Wada should provide amnesty to athletes who had been taking the drug at the direction of a doctor for a proven medical condition, if not all athletes."


Birmingham City youngster Koby Arthur has been recalled from his loan spell at Cheltenham Town.

The 18-year-old joined the Robins at the start of the season on a youth loan that was expected to run until January.
The winger impressed at the League Two club, scoring four goals in eight games, but has now returned to Blues.
A Cheltenham statement read: "He was a popular member of the first-team squad and we wish Koby the very best for his future with the Blues."
Arthur made his Blues debut towards the end of the 2012-13 season, shortly after signing his first professional contract.
He made two senior appearances before another two first-team games at the start of last season prior to going out on loan to Lincoln City.


In April posting revenge porn on the internet became a specific criminal offence in England and Wales.

Jason Asagba - one of the first people convicted under the new law - was given an 18-month conditional discharge earlier.
The move to criminalise the offence followed pressure from victims, politicians and campaigners, who pointed out that in two-and-a-half years only six out of 149 allegations led to a police caution or charge.
Now, sharing sexual photos or videos of someone else without their consent can result in up to two years in jail.
And since the law was changed, there have already been four convictions. But not everyone agrees the new legislation is proving effective.
Folami Prehaye, 45, from Bristol, became a victim of revenge porn when her former partner, Thomas Samuel, posted explicit pictures of her online.
He shared the images with her friends, family and strangers, and in September was given a six-month suspended sentence for harassment and distributing indecent images.
Miss Prehaye now runs the website Victims of Internet Crime: Speak Out to share her experiences with other victims.
She said: "My view is that the new law is definitely not harsh enough. Since it came into force the cases have all ended with people getting suspended sentences.
"That is not much of a deterrent. They need to make an example of someone so people realise the seriousness of the crime.
"People are not coming forward because they think the outcome will just be a slap on the wrist."
Speaking to the BBC before the law was introduced, victim Hazel Higgleton, from Chelmsford, Essex, said she thought the law would deter potential perpetrators.
Last year her ex-boyfriend posted a sex tape of them on various pornographic websites.
She said: "I think it [the new law] will show the people who are thinking about doing it that if they do it and they get caught, they're going to get done.
"That wasn't there before so they were just going to do it anyway."
The Ministry of Justice has started a campaign called Be Aware B4 You Share to raise awareness about the new offence.
In February, the Revenge Porn Helpline was launched to offer confidential advice and support.
Caterina McNulty is a counsellor working with the helpline and said so far it has had about 1,500 calls with victims.
She said: "I am pleased to see that it is being taken more seriously. Hopefully the law will make people think twice before posting images online.
"Sometimes it is done in anger, or when people are intoxicated.
"People need to know if they post this stuff without permission they risk getting a criminal record."
Former Lib Dem MP Dr Julian Huppert led the campaign to change the law, but said the real challenge is teaching young people about consent.
He said: "The correct solution isn't people being prosecuted, it's people in society realising this behaviour is simply unacceptable.
"It is astonishing that this wasn't illegal in the first place."
Ms McNulty said revenge porn can affect people of all ages and backgrounds. About 30% of those who contact the helpline are male.
The organisation deals with a lot of blackmail and extortion cases, where someone demands money, as well as instances of devices being hacked, she said.
"I think a big part of it is that it is so easy to share online these days, but the effects can be so devastating," she added.
"Teachers have lost their jobs, people have lost all contact with their families.
"And once they are online that's it, the damage has been done."
Ms McNulty advised victims to report cases of revenge porn to the police and take with them any evidence, such as screenshots and text messages.


A 28-hour closure of part of the M1 after a man scaled an information board gantry cost the wider economy at least one million pounds an hour, a court has heard.

It is estimated to have cost emergency services a further one million pounds.
Nicholas Muton climbed up over a stretch of the motorway in Leicestershire at midday on Sunday.
He eventually came down shortly after 16:00 BST on Monday.
The 45-year-old appeared at Leicester Magistrates' Court charged with causing a public nuisance.
He did not indicate how he intends to plead, and the case was sent to crown court for a plea and case management hearing on 13 July.
The prosecution told the court about the estimated cost to the emergency services and wider economy, but they did not explain how this cost had been calculated.
They said the cost to the wider economy may turn out to be more than £28m once it has been investigated further.
Part of the southbound carriageway of the motorway was closed while negotiators tried to talk Mr Muton down.
Mr Muton, who has no fixed address, was remanded in custody until the next hearing.


The last 20 minutes of Napoli's Champions League game at Benfica could be decisive, says boss Maurizio Sarri as his side seek to avoid being knocked out in Lisbon.

Napoli are top going into the last Group B game but have not won their past three matches in the competition.
The Italian side will go out if they lose in Portugal and Besiktas win at Dynamo Kiev, who cannot advance.
"We've got to focus on winning and not defending a draw," said Sarri.
A draw will be enough for Napoli as they beat Benfica 4-2 in Naples on 28 September. Their other win came against Kiev on 13 September, but since then they have taken one point from two games against Besiktas and been held at home in the return fixture against Kiev.
Sarri added: "It's not going to be a walk in the park in Lisbon for us, but it's not going to be for them either. The last 20 minutes could be decisive."
Match ends, Benfica 1, Napoli 2.
Second Half ends, Benfica 1, Napoli 2.
Dries Mertens (Napoli) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Luisão (Benfica).
Pizzi (Benfica) is shown the yellow card.
Marko Rog (Napoli) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Lubomir Fejsa (Benfica).
Foul by Marko Rog (Napoli).
Lubomir Fejsa (Benfica) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Goal!  Benfica 1, Napoli 2. Raúl Jiménez (Benfica) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the centre of the goal.
Piotr Zielinski (Napoli) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Nelsinho (Benfica).
Kalidou Koulibaly (Napoli) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Lubomir Fejsa (Benfica).
Foul by Amadou Diawara (Napoli).
Pizzi (Benfica) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt saved. Piotr Zielinski (Napoli) left footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Dries Mertens.
Corner,  Benfica. Conceded by Faouzi Ghoulam.
Corner,  Benfica. Conceded by Faouzi Ghoulam.
Hand ball by Marko Rog (Napoli).
Foul by Marko Rog (Napoli).
Luisão (Benfica) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Benfica. Kostas Mitroglou replaces Eduardo Salvio.
Substitution, Napoli. Marko Rog replaces Lorenzo Insigne.
Goal!  Benfica 0, Napoli 2. Dries Mertens (Napoli) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Faouzi Ghoulam.
Corner,  Napoli. Conceded by Nelsinho.
Attempt missed. Pizzi (Benfica) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left from a direct free kick.
Foul by Raúl Albiol (Napoli).
Eduardo Salvio (Benfica) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
José Callejón (Napoli) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by André Almeida (Benfica).
Substitution, Napoli. Piotr Zielinski replaces Marek Hamsik.
Offside, Napoli. Amadou Diawara tries a through ball, but Dries Mertens is caught offside.
Substitution, Benfica. André Carrillo replaces Franco Cervi.
Foul by Dries Mertens (Napoli).
Victor Lindelöf (Benfica) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Lorenzo Insigne (Napoli) right footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Allan following a corner.
Corner,  Napoli. Conceded by André Almeida.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match José Callejón (Napoli) because of an injury.


Evidence supporting allegations of bullying, intimidation and inappropriate language in the troubled quango Sport Wales has been found by an internal Welsh Government review.

The chairman of Sport Wales Paul Thomas and vice-chairwoman Adele Baumgardt were sacked by ministers in March.
Mr Thomas said the allegations were untrue but Ms Baumgardt said she was not surprised by the findings.
No individuals were identified as the source of the alleged bullying.
Sport Wales, originally called the Sports Council for Wales, was created in 1972 to promote elite and grassroots sport. It has an annual budget of Â£22m.
Since autumn 2016, it has been embroiled in a series of rows over the operations of its board.
The Welsh Government review into the running of the organisation was ordered by Public Health Minister Rebecca Evans.
A redacted version of this review, which concluded before the firing of Sport Wales' senior officials, has now been released under the Freedom of Information Act.
The review had been completed in February, the previous month, but had not been made public.
It said there was no evidence of any conflicts of interest by board members and ruled claims that procurement policies were not followed were "not significant".
These concerns had been raised by an audit of Sport Wales by accountants Deloitte, obtained by BBC Wales in March, which claimed it risked damaging its reputation in the way it awarded contracts.
But the Welsh Government review states there were "concerns about social bullying", without linking the allegations to an individual.
The review said: "For example, instances of deliberate exclusion resulting in individuals feeling unable to carry out their roles effectively; intimidatory emails sent in response to queries or perceived challenge; discussing confidential and in some cases unsubstantiated issues with third parties; language; and body language and demeanour that interviewees felt was inappropriate."
"During conversations with interviewees, the review team identified evidence that supported these concerns," the review added.
Sport Wales board meeting minutes have also revealed allegations of "retaliatory behaviour" in the organisation.
Minutes of the 22 November board meeting, where a unanimous no-confidence vote was taken in the chairman, said Ms Baumgardt "noted that all board members had approached her to discuss a motion of no confidence in the chair due to serious failings in his leadership and governance".
"The vice chair explained that due to previous incidents of retaliatory behaviour, board members were concerned about individual consequences," the document added, not linking the allegation to an individual.
The motion was "not the first formal communication from the board to the chair relating to the way in which he had been carrying out his duties," the minutes added.
Ms Baumgardt said her behaviour had been professional and above board.
She said she was "not surprised" by the review's findings, adding: "I'm glad that these things are out in the public domain."
Ms Baumgardt has previously accused Mr Thomas of not being fit to hold senior public office, an allegation he has rejected.
Since being fired, Mr Thomas has claimed he has been "hung out to dry" as a whistle-blower.
However, a letter written by First Minister Carwyn Jones to Welsh Tory leader Andrew RT Davies regarding allegations made by Mr Thomas, said its interim chairman Lawrence Conway had found the organisation to be "well-governed" and "well-run".
Mr Thomas told BBC Wales the allegations outlined in the review were not true.
"I'm just gobsmacked at some of the stuff that they're coming out with," he said. "It's just so untrue and make-believe. It's quite funny actually."
He claimed it was "orchestrated" so that his own review into the organisation "would be buried".
A draft version of the review by Mr Thomas, which was seen by the BBC last year, had warned Sport Wales that it needed a major overhaul.
It was accused of being "obsolete in its thinking" and "weak in vision".
Both Sport Wales and the Welsh Government said they had no comment.


Police in India say they have arrested the crew of a US-owned ship accused of illegally entering Indian waters with a huge cache of weapons on board.

Officials say MV Seaman Guard Ohio was detained on 12 October by the Indian Coast Guard and is currently anchored at a port in southern Tamil Nadu state.
Its 35-member crew include Indians, Britons, Ukrainians and Estonians.
The ship's owner, AdvanFort, said the vessel was involved in supporting anti-piracy operations in the Indian Ocean.
But there have been differing accounts of the chain of events from the Indian authorities and the US-based security firm.
The Indian authorities say they intercepted the American ship last weekend when it was reportedly sailing off the coast of Tamil Nadu.
Police also said they found weapons and ammunition on board, which had not been properly declared.  Officials say the vessel was not authorised to carry arms in Indian waters and that it never produced the necessary paperwork.
By Andrew NorthSouth Asia correspondent
Yet again the private security industry is in the frame, with India saying the British and other contractors it has arrested were not authorised to have arms and ammunition in its waters.
The ship's owner, AdvanFort, is one of a growing number of Western security companies involved in protecting shipping from pirates in the Indian Ocean.
India supports those efforts with its own navy.   But it has drawn a line with the crew of the MV Seaman Guard Ohio, accusing them of "illegal activity" for failing to provide sufficient paperwork for the weapons on board.
We're still waiting for the company's side of the story.
The Indian government was criticised last year for its handling of the case of the two Italian marines on anti-piracy duty who were accused of shooting two Indian fishermen.  With elections approaching it will want to be seen to be taking a firm line in this latest case, to avoid giving any new ammunition to its opponents.
But in a statement released on Monday, AdvanFort said India's coast guard and police allowed the vessel to enter the port to refuel and shelter from a cyclone which hit India's eastern coast last weekend. The company even thanked officials.
It added that all weaponry and equipment on board was properly registered.
In recent years piracy has emerged as a major threat to merchant ships in the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea, with ships and their crews sometimes hijacked for ransom.
There have been fewer attacks recently, partly because more armed guards are now deployed on board.
On Friday, police said that 33 crew members  had been taken to a local police station for questioning. Two had been allowed to remain on the vessel in port at Tuticorin.
Six of the crew members are Britons and the British high commission in Delhi said consular officials had been in touch with them by email and with the local authorities, but they were still trying to clarify exactly what had happened and on what grounds they had been detained.
The US embassy told the BBC it had "no comment" to make.
According to AdvanFort there were privately contracted security personnel on board the Sierra-Leone registered MV Seaman Guard Ohio.
It said that as these men routinely provide counter-piracy protection they also had uniforms, protective equipment, medical kits, rifles and ammunition  - "all of which is properly registered and licensed to AdvanFort".
The company added that the vessel  "provides an accommodations platform for AdvanFort's counter-piracy guards between transits on client commercial vessels transiting the high risk area".
Analysts say that anti-piracy measures on high-risk shipping routes are poorly regulated and India is increasingly sensitive to violations of its maritime boundaries.
India directly supports the multi-national campaign to combat the mostly Somali pirates targeting ships in the Indian Ocean with its own navy.
But it's been controversial too, with the Indian authorities prosecuting two Italian marines on anti-piracy duty for allegedly shooting two fishermen inside Indian waters last year.
They were guarding an Italian oil tanker and said they mistook the fishermen for pirates.


After the devastating floods earlier this year, shops and businesses in Worcester are hoping the Easter Holidays will give a welcome boost to the local economy.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
20 April 2014 Last updated at 13:37 BST
Some businesses had to close for months after the River Severn through the city burst its banks.
BBC Midlands Today's Kevin Reide went to the city centre and spoke to restaurant owner John Bishop, department store manager, Blanche Abbott, and tourism officer Roy McDonald, to find out if the city is recovering from the impact of the floods.


An armed thief who robbed an Edinburgh jewellers and hijacked a taxi at gunpoint has been jailed for 13 years.

Matthew Ferry, 24, stole watches worth almost Â£250,000 from Laing the Jewellers in March before hijacking a taxi, with driver and passenger inside, to make his escape.
When police searched his home they found cash, drugs and weapons including a submachine gun.
He pleaded guilty to five charges at the High Court in Edinburgh.
The judge, Lord Glennie, said: "It's clear this must have been terrifying for your victims, both in the shop and the taxi.
"Offences like these can't be tolerated."


Qualcomm has released a smartwatch that it says can last days between recharges despite the fact its touchscreen display is always on.

The US company says the "limited edition" Toq is designed to showcase its new technologies rather than compete with its other products.
Qualcomm is best known for making processors that power smartphones.
However, one analyst suggested the device was too bulky to appeal beyond a niche enthusiast audience.
The $349 (Â£215) gadget is being made available via only Qualcomm's website to US customers, and the company said it was "unlikely" it would sell the watch elsewhere.
The Toq is designed to be paired with any smartphone running Android 4.0.3 or higher.
It allows its owner to receive and send text messages, manage reminders and view other information - such as weather forecasts or stock prices - obtained via their handset.
There is no software store for the watch itself, but existing handset apps can be adapted to send details to its display and activate a vibrate function. In addition it can be used to accept or reject calls, and control what music is being played from the linked phone's library.
The company says that the watch's key innovation is its use of its proprietary Mirasol technology.
Rob Chandok, president of Qualcomm Interactive Platforms, described this as being similar to the e-ink displays commonly used by e-book readers and another smartwatch - the Pebble - but better.
"In addition to the fact it offers colour, the refresh rate of Mirasol can be 30 frames a second, which allows you to build a touch interface," he told the BBC.
"That's tremendously important when you are trying to offer some of these experiences.
"In an e-ink display you can't refresh the screen fast enough to follow the finger."
Mirasol is significantly less power-hungry than the OLED tech used by Samsung's Galaxy Gear watch, meaning that unlike its rival, its screen does not have to turn itself off when angled away from the user's face to extend battery life.
Sony's Smartwatch 2 does offer an always-on LCD display - however, it requires the user to switch on a backlight in dim conditions.
Although Qualcomm suggests the Toq's lack of an on/off switch makes it the superior option, Mr Chandok acknowledged that the Toq display's graphics were not as vibrant or crisp as the alternatives.
"But we've got other versions of Mirasol in the pipeline that are going to have a better colour gamut and vibrancy," he added.
Qualcomm has also included three other technologies it has developed that it hopes will attract the attention of manufacturers:
Mr Chandok said "tens of thousands, but not hundreds of thousands" of the watches were being produced, adding that its appeal was likely to be limited to an "early adopter" crowd.
"We would consider making more if the demand were high," he said. "But our preference is for our partners to bring out products [using the new technologies] in the next six months, and we're working hard with a few people to do that."
He declined to name the companies involved, but did reveal that in theory the Toq could be made compatible with Apple's iPhones.
"We limited the spend on what we were doing and just built the applications on the Android side," he said.
"There's nothing keeping us from doing an iOS app, we just haven't invested in that."
Many analysts believe the market in smartwatches and other wearable technologies - such as Google's Glass eyewear - has the potential for huge growth.
The research firm NextMarket Insights has predicted 373 million smartwatches will be shipped in 2020 compared with fewer than one million this year.
However, one expert warned that Qualcomm and others had to make major improvements to achieve such numbers.
"They are still relatively bulky in watch terms and you still have issues with recharging, which is an alien concept to people with watches," said Chris Green, an analyst at the consultants Davies Murphy Group.
"The Toq offers a little bit more than some of the other smartwatches in terms of what it can do, but it's still ultimately a basic thing offering little more than a second screen, and is quite gimmicky.
"We've still to see anyone offer a smartwatch that delivers something that we actually need."


Wales' retailers are warning they could see the steepest rise in business rates in the UK from next year.

The Welsh Retail Consortium says the "real issue" facing retailers will be once the revaluation of properties takes effect from 1 April 2017.
It warns Wales could see up to a 10% leap.
A Welsh Government spokesman said they had "delivered significant targeted support to reduce business rates bills for small businesses in particular".
New figures have shown some good news, with a reduction in the number of empty shops.
The vacancy rate fell from almost 14% to 11% during April 2016.
Sara Jones from the WRC said "action is needed now" if Wales did not want to fall behind the rest of the UK in terms of its retail presence, and if it wanted to maintain a "vibrant industry."
A well-known shop in Ammanford, Carmarthenshire is due to close in a few weeks after 70 years of trading.
Williams Bazaar owner Llew Williams said trade was not how it used to be.
"Business rates has a lot to do with it," he said, "it's just too expensive."
Mr Williams also blamed parking charges, which are currently Â£1.50 a day, Â£1 for four hours and 70p for an hour.
He said: "The car parks have spoilt everything. People aren't willing to pay to come in and get a loaf of bread for example."
Deian Harries from Ar Gered shoe shop in Ammanford wanted the parking charges reduced.
"I'd like to see the tariffs changing in the town to something like 50p for two hours and 20p for half an hour, so people could come into town," he said.
Carmarthenshire council said parking charges in Ammanford were "very competitive," and they were working to promote the town centre offer.
The WRC's figures also show a 0.6% reduction in footfall, although this represents a slower decline than seen in recent months.
There was better news for retail parks, where footfall continued to accelerate with a rise of 7.1% from 6.5% last month.


Manchester United are unlikely to make any signings in the January transfer window, says the club's executive vice-chairman Ed Woodward.

He added the situation might change if any long-term targets became available but said they would not consider "short-term fixes".
United spent just over £150m in the last window, including a club record £59.7m on winger Angel Di Maria.
They are currently seventh in the Premier League table.
"We are not looking to enter the market for short-term fixes," said Woodward, speaking on the day United posted a 9.9% fall in revenue to £88.7m for the three months to the end of September, which reflected "absence from the Champions League".
"However, we have targets we are looking at for next summer.
"Should any of them become available in January, which is obviously rare, we will consider acting. But it is a low probability."
During the summer transfer window, United also bought Ander Herrera (£28m), Luke Shaw (£27m), Marcos Rojo (£16m) and Daley Blind (£13.8m), as well as spending £6m to bring in Radamel Falcao on loan.
However, they have been hit by a succession of injuries, most recently to midfielder Blind and goalkeeper David De Gea.


Paris attacks suspect Salah Abdeslam has admitted he wanted to blow himself up but then changed his mind, a French prosecutor says.

Abdeslam has been charged with terrorism offences in Belgium a day after he was seized in a dramatic raid.
Abdeslam will fight extradition to France  but has been co-operating with police, his lawyer says.
The Paris attacks in November left 130 people dead and dozens injured.
The so-called Islamic State (IS) group said it was behind the bombings and shootings.
Abdeslam is charged with participation in terrorist murder and the activities of a terrorist group, Belgium's federal prosecutor's office says.
Paris prosecutor Francois Molins told a news conference: "Salah Abdeslam today during questioning by [Belgian] investigators affirmed that, and I quote, 'he wanted to blow himself up at the Stade de France and that he had backed down'."
Abdeslam's assertions should be treated with caution, he added.
The 26-year-old French national, born in Belgium, is in custody following his arrest in Brussels on Friday after four months on the run.
Investigators hope Abdeslam, who was shot in the leg during his arrest, will reveal more information about the IS network behind the Paris attacks, its financing and plans.
They believe he helped with logistics, including renting rooms and driving suicide bombers to the Stade de France.
Abdeslam is believed to have fled shortly after the attacks, returning to the Molenbeek district of Brussels.
Molenbeek raid: As it happened
Salah Abdeslam's luck runs out
Is Molenbeek a haven for Belgian jihadis?
Interpol has meanwhile urged "extra vigilance" at borders following Friday's Brussels raid, saying more accomplices may try to flee Europe.
The subject of a massive manhunt, Salah Abdeslam was arrested about 500m (1,600ft) from his home in Molenbeek.  His brother, Brahim, was one of the Paris attackers, who blew himself up.
Another man arrested at the same time as Salah Abdeslam on Friday, Monir Ahmed Alaaj, has also been charged with participation in terrorist murder and the activities of a terrorist group, the Belgian prosecutors say.
Friday's raid also saw three members of a family detained.
They include Abid Aberkan, described as a friend of  Abdeslam, who has been charged with participation in the activities of a terrorist organisation and harbouring criminals.
Another family member, identified as Djemila M, has been charged with harbouring criminals, but is not in custody, the prosecutor's office says.
Abid Aberkan's mother, Sihane, has been freed and faces no charges.
The raid came after Abdeslam's fingerprints were found in a flat in another Brussels district, Forest, raided on Tuesday.
Dramatic footage showed Abdeslam being bundled into a police car on Friday after a volley of gunfire. Alaaj was also injured during the arrests, but both suspects were discharged from hospital on Saturday.
French President Francois Hollande said Abdeslam's arrest was "an important moment".
"The battle against terrorism does not end tonight, even though this is a  victory," Mr Hollande told a news conference on Friday with Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel.
"We must catch all those who allowed, organised or facilitated these attacks and we realise that they are a lot more numerous than we thought earlier and had identified," he said.
Prosecutors said Alaaj had travelled with Abdeslam to Germany last October, where his fingerprints were taken during an identity check.
A false Syrian passport in Alaaj's name and Belgian identity papers under an alias were found in a flat in Forest raided on Tuesday.
More details have meanwhile emerged about an Algerian national, Mohamed Belkaid, shot dead in Tuesday's raid.
Associated Press says it has been passed documents by the Syrian opposition news site, Zaman al-Wasl, suggesting he joined IS in 2014 and asked to be a suicide bomber.
Belgian investigators say he is likely to have been an associate of Abdeslam.
Along with the Stade de France, the Paris bombings and shootings targeted the Bataclan concert hall and bars and restaurants.
Officials have identified most of the people they believe to have carried out the assaults and on Friday Mr Hollande predicted that more arrests could follow.
Most of the suspects either died during the attacks or were killed in subsequent police raids.


One of Star Trek's best known characters, Hikaru Sulu, has been revealed as gay.

The character, played by John Cho in the current franchise, will be shown as having a same sex partner in the forthcoming Star Trek Beyond.
Cho told the Herald Sun the move was a nod to George Takei, the gay actor who played the character in the original 1960s television series.
The decision was taken by British star Simon Pegg, who wrote the screenplay.
Cho said: "I liked the approach, which was not to make a big thing out it, which is where I hope we are going as a species, to not politicise one's personal orientations."
Takei has previously said he had to keep his homosexuality secret when he originally worked on Star Trek in order to continue working in television.
"If I wanted to work as an actor I had to keep it a secret," he said last year.
"Back then I couldn't marry a white person - that was against the law here, miscegenation. But now I am married to a white dude so we have changed."
Star Trek has a track record for breaking new ground - in 1968 the show famously featured the first interracial kiss to be screened on US television.
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Teachers fear traditional playground games like British bulldog and conkers are disappearing from many of England's schools, a survey suggests.

More than a quarter (29%) of the 653 school staff surveyed by the Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL) said chasing game British bulldog had been banned from their school.
Some 14% said pupils were banned from playing conkers and 9% said leapfrog.
Most (57%) said they felt schools were becoming increasingly risk averse.
The research was published at the ATL teaching union's annual conference in Liverpool on Tuesday.
And overall 15% of teachers, lecturers, support staff and school leaders said that fewer playground games and sports activities were played at their school than three years ago.
The key reasons for the decline were fewer staff on hand to supervise activities, reduced funding and concerns over pupil safety.
One secondary school teacher said the game, bulldog, was banned at her school "because of the number of broken bones it generates!"
And a primary school teacher said: "Apparently the main problem with conkers is that nut allergy sufferers are increasingly allergic to them."
Teachers were also questioned about changes in attitude towards risk. Some 57% of staff said there was a growing trend towards risk aversion in schools.
And of the 383 staff who thought schools were more risk adverse, 90% said it constrained activities both in and out of school.
Some 84% think it limits the curriculum, while 83% believe risk aversion puts a brake on pupils' preparation for life.
A deputy head teacher at a primary school in Cleveland said: "All staff recognise the need to keep children safe, but not all recognise that children still need to take measured risks to develop real life skills."
A teacher at the Froebel Small School in East Sussex said it tried to help children learn to be safe.
"Children are allowed to explore their physical limits and learn to negotiate physical tasks at their own pace. Staff have clear guidelines and children have clear boundaries," the teacher added.
Another secondary school teacher, from Wales, said: "Pupils need to learn their own limitations, which they can't do if they don't encounter risk."
And there continues to be fears that school trips could end in teachers or schools being sued, should something go wrong.
The majority of staff think school trips and activities are very important, with 92% of those surveyed saying they enhanced learning and support the curriculum.
Some schools already have a relaxed attitude towards risk. A teacher at a primary school in England told how its children go on weekly nature walks and end up being taught how to make a campfire and cook on it.
"We also spend the day in the woods around a fire pretending to be Anglo-Saxons. Mud and love is our motto. I think we are unique!"
ATL general secretary, Mary Bousted, said: "Teachers, lecturers, support staff and school leaders all recognise that children need to be safe, however, without encountering risk it is difficult for them to learn their own limitations."


British soldiers are being investigated over allegations of mistreating two Iraqi detainees in 2003.

Faisal al-Saadoon and Khalaf Mufdhi were detained in Basra and accused of involvement in the deaths of two British soldiers, Staff Sgt Simon Cullingworth and Sapper Luke Allsopp.
An Iraqi court later decided there was insufficient evidence to try the men.
In 2010, the pair were awarded damages by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) for mental suffering.
Allegations that the men were mistreated by British soldiers are now being investigated by the UK's Iraq Historic Allegations Team (Ihat).
Ihat was set up in 2010 to look at allegations of abuse by the British military against Iraqis between 2003 and 2009.
In October, Prime Minister Theresa May said her government would take action over the "industrial scale" of claims lodged with Ihat using legal aid funding.
It is not known how many troops are being investigated over the treatment of Mr al-Saadoon and Mr Mufdhi.
The two men, now both in their 60s, were accused of murdering Staff Sgt Cullingworth and Pte Allsopp. An inquest found that the British soldiers were ambushed by Iraqi militiamen, taken to an Iraqi intelligence base and shot.
Mr al-Saadoon and Mr Mufdhi were formally charged in 2006 with murder and war crimes but the charges were later annulled by an Iraqi court on the grounds of insufficient evidence.
The pair were eventually awarded Â£36,000 in legal costs and Â£75,000 each in damages by the ECHR for suffering caused by years of living in fear of execution.
The criminal claims against British soldiers were brought forward by Public Interest Lawyers (PIL), which closed in August after it was told it would no longer receive legal aid funding.


Some of the youngest lava flows on the Moon are within reach of China's Jade Rabbit rover, says a leading US lunar scientist.

The Chang'e-3 mission touched down on Saturday at the eastern edge of its designated landing box.
Dr Paul Spudis said the landing area was more interesting than its original destination and could fill in gaps in our knowledge of lunar history.
Meanwhile, officials have said that the rover's instruments are now working.
Five of the eight pieces of scientific equipment on Chang'e-3 had begun their observations, state-run Xinhua news agency said.
The telescopes and cameras are producing clear images, Zou Yongliao, a scientist with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said at a press conference.
The lander and rover photographed each other on Sunday evening.
The Chinese craft performed the first "soft" landing (non-crash landing) on the Moon since 1976. And Jade Rabbit, or Yutu, is the first rover mission since the Soviet Union's Lunokhod-2 trundled through the grey soil 40 years ago.
A touch down had been planned in the Moon's Sinus Iridum (Bay of Rainbows). But the spacecraft actually landed on the northern edge of Mare Imbrium (the Sea of Rains) - visible on Earth as the right eye of the "Man in the Moon".
In a blog entry for the Smithsonian's Air and Space magazine, Dr Spudis, from the Lunar and Planetary Insitute in Houston, said: "Whether by design or fortuitous accident, this site is actually more interesting geologically than the spacecraft's original destination."
Chang'e 3 landed at the extreme northern end of a sequence of lava flows, which are estimated - by counting the number of impact craters on them - to be very young in lunar terms.
Dr Spudis said two major terrain types dominated lunar geology: the bright rugged highlands dating from the Moon's formation 4.5 billion years ago, and the younger "maria", dark volcanic plains made up of iron-rich lava flows.
The lavas began to erupt around 3.9 billion years ago, but it is unclear when this volcanic activity ended. The Mare Imbrium lavas appear to be between one and 2.5 billion years old, making them much younger than any of the rock samples returned from the Moon thus far.
On the lander:
On the rover:
True value of Jade Rabbit
Dr Spudis said the Imbrium lavas were "not only remarkable for their physical properties but are also compositionally interesting".
"Because the rover will examine several different individual areas during its traverse, we will obtain new "ground truth" data to better understand the meaning of data obtained remotely from orbit," he explained.
"At a minimum, Yutu will examine the composition of the surface lava flow."
Data gathered from orbit show the lavas to be high in the metal titanium. Volcanic flows to the north of the landing site seem to have a lower titanium content and appear to underlie the ones that Chang'e-3 sits on.
But some of these underlying rocks may have been excavated by impacts, allowing Jade Rabbit to look for them among the debris around craters.
"With data from the rover, we might be able to reconstruct the volcanic stratigraphy of this region of the Moon," said Dr Spudis.
"The Chang'e-3 lander and Yutu rover can provide many answers to our questions regarding the geological history of this region of the Moon and about lunar history in general."
China said it would launch Chang'e-5, a mission to return samples of rock and soil from the Moon, in 2017.