A student who found Anglo Saxon jewellery of "national significance" said the discovery has made three years exploring the field worthwhile.

Tom Lucking found a gold pendant inlaid with a profusion of garnets while metal detecting on farmland in 2014.
The 7cm (2.8in) item was found in the grave of a female and has been described as one of the "most elaborate...ever found".
It was declared treasure alongside other items at an inquest in Norwich.
Why is Norfolk a treasure hunting hotspot?
Mr Lucking, 23, a student from Felixstowe who is in his final year studying history at the University of East Anglia, said the discovery "had certainly given me a good dissertation project".
He said: "It makes me pleased I've put time and effort in metal detecting in that field and it was worth going out into the cold and rain over the years to find those things."
He unearthed the pendant whilst exploring a field near Diss, after initially detecting a bronze bowl.
After the inquest on Monday, Mr Lucking said: "You can hope, but never really expect to find something like this.
"It's not about the money value, it's about finding something that makes you re-think the whole history of an area."
Julie Shoemark, finds officer for Norfolk, said the burial dates to the cusp of the early Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England, around the middle of the 7th century AD.
She said: "Within a century of this lady's death, burial practices had completely changed and people were being interred with no associated grave goods, as seen in the burials from Great Ryburgh.
"She was undoubtedly a lady of some status in the community of East Anglia as the magnificent garnet inlaid pendant and associated grave goods demonstrate."
Dr Andrew Rogerson, of the county's Heritage Environment Services, previously described the pendant as one of the "most elaborate...ever found".
He said: "It would seem we have something of major significance."
The British Museum report for the coroner listed a number of precious coins and jewellery found alongside the woman's skeleton.
British Museum identification of items
Mr Lucking has been metal detecting since he was 11-years-old.
He said he will share proceeds from the sale with the owner of the land and his friend, Stuart Isaacs, who treasure hunts with him.
Norwich Castle Museum is understood to be interested in buying the pendant after it is formally valued by the British Museum.


Substitute Conor Thomas scored a dramatic stoppage-time winner as Swindon ended Millwall's 16-match unbeaten run in League One.

Thomas blasted home for the relegation-threatened Robins in the 94th minute after being picked out by Nicky Ajose to boost Swindon's survival chances.
Up to that point the game was lacking many clear-cut chances, with both teams unable to break the deadlock.
The first half was evenly contested and the first opening fell to promotion-chasing Millwall in the fifth minute when Lee Gregory ran on to a long kick from goalkeeper Jordan Archer but could only manage a tame shot from a tight angle.
Swindon's best chance of the half came in the 21st minute when, following some intricate football on the edge of the Millwall box, Charlie Colkett took a shot destined for the right corner only for Archer to push it behind.
Swindon were the better team in the second half but were unable to capitalise on their dominance until Thomas' late heroics.
Jonathan Obika earlier seemed to have passed up the opportunity to snatch victory when he was unable to get a good connection on a header.
Match report supplied by the Press Association
Match ends, Swindon Town 1, Millwall 0.
Second Half ends, Swindon Town 1, Millwall 0.
Goal!  Swindon Town 1, Millwall 0. Conor Thomas (Swindon Town) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner.
Attempt blocked. Nicky Ajose (Swindon Town) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Hand ball by Lee Gregory (Millwall).
Dion Conroy (Swindon Town) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Dion Conroy (Swindon Town).
Fred Onyedinma (Millwall) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Charlie Colkett (Swindon Town) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Lee Gregory (Millwall).
Substitution, Swindon Town. Bradley Barry replaces Nathan Thompson.
Nathan Thompson (Swindon Town) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Corner,  Swindon Town. Conceded by Mahlon Romeo.
Callum Butcher (Millwall) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Rohan Ince (Swindon Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Callum Butcher (Millwall).
Corner,  Millwall. Conceded by Dion Conroy.
Attempt blocked. Jonathan Obika (Swindon Town) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Rohan Ince (Swindon Town) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Shaun Williams (Millwall).
Attempt missed. Jonathan Obika (Swindon Town) right footed shot from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Corner,  Swindon Town. Conceded by Tony Craig.
Corner,  Swindon Town. Conceded by Mahlon Romeo.
Rohan Ince (Swindon Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Shane Ferguson (Millwall).
Corner,  Millwall. Conceded by James Brophy.
Attempt saved. Jonathan Obika (Swindon Town) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Corner,  Swindon Town. Conceded by Callum Butcher.
Substitution, Millwall. Shane Ferguson replaces Steve Morison.
Substitution, Swindon Town. Luke Norris replaces John Goddard.
Substitution, Swindon Town. James Brophy replaces Fankaty Dabo.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Lawrence Vigouroux (Swindon Town) because of an injury.
John Goddard (Swindon Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Fred Onyedinma (Millwall).
Foul by John Goddard (Swindon Town).
Fred Onyedinma (Millwall) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Attempt blocked. Jonathan Obika (Swindon Town) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Fankaty Dabo (Swindon Town) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Fred Onyedinma (Millwall).


A former head of the Civil Service in Northern Ireland has praised Martin McGuinness' time as a minister and described him as a "statesman".

Sir Nigel Hamilton said the Sinn Féin politician, who died this week, had proved many doubters wrong.
"He was appointed a minister, and deputy first minister but in my judgement he became a statesman," said Sir Nigel.
"He helped to solve many issues, he was determined to make things work."
In 1999, Sir Nigel was the first senior civil servant to shake hands in public with Mr McGuinness, a former IRA commander.
The handshake came at a time when many unionist politicians would not engage directly with Sinn Féin, and some refused to even share television studios with the party.
Sir Nigel was the permanent secretary in Stormont's Department of Education when Mr McGuinness was appointed education minister on 30 November 1999.
"This was the very first Sinn Féin minister in the history of Northern Ireland," said Sir Nigel.
"There was a mixture of apprehension, of curiosity and disbelief that this man had been appointed as the minister."
On his first full day in office, Mr McGuinness travelled to the department's headquarters in Bangor, County Down.
Sir Nigel was waiting outside the building, surrounded by a 30-strong media pack.
"As the car came in, the door opened, Martin stepped out and I shook his hand," he recalled.
"One of the press shouted: 'Hold that!'
"So we held it and this was the photograph that appeared for posterity.
"He said to me many times subsequently that one of the most important things that I did was that I shook his hand in public.
"But then I had to remind him that I had all the staff looking out the window, wondering what I was going to do and how I was going to relate to him.
"So it just seemed to me important - both for him and for the staff - that I did that.
"And I guess it was one of the many significant handshakes that he made in his life."
The former IRA commander was a controversial figure who became one of the most significant individuals in the Northern Ireland peace process.
His transition from paramilitary to politician was praised across the political divide in the aftermath of his death on Tuesday, but many IRA victims were angered and hurt by how his legacy has been assessed.
After his time in the Department of Education, Sir Nigel was later promoted to head of the Civil Service.
He was in the post when Mr McGuinness became deputy first minister of Northern Ireland in 2007, with Ian Paisley as first minister.
He said: "What you saw in public - they were affectionately known as the Chuckle Brothers - mirrored accurately how they got in private.
"They worked extremely well together, they had a respect for one another.
"If there were difficulties around executive meetings, they would have enough sense to adjourn for 20 minutes."
Mr McGuinness stayed in touch with Sir Nigel after he left the Civil Service.
"Two years after I retired, I had major surgery and he rang me at home to ask me how I was and to wish me all the best," said Sir Nigel.
In his latter years, Mr McGuinness forged a number of unlikely friendships outside his traditional republican comfort zone.
His relationship with Sir Nigel Hamilton can now be added to the list.


Venezuelans have rallied online to help a violist who had his instrument broken during a protest.

Wuilly Arteaga has become a regular fixture at the country's street demonstrations, calmly playing classical tunes amid the chaos.
But on Wednesday evening, a video went viral, showing him in tears with a scuffed violin, its strings all broken, allegedly by police.
His growing fanbase has offered to raise funds for a new instrument.
Mr Arteaga thanked his supporters with a video message on Twitter: "Even though I lost my phone in the protests, I have been receiving lots of messages via social networks."
He said he has not been involved in any of the fundraising activities, and has not accepted any donations, but he will start replying to people on Thursday.
Earlier, the musician told local reporters his account of how the violin was broken.
"I was playing in the middle of the protest when the National Guards' motorcyclists came up and grabbed the violin by its strings," he said.
He said he refused to let go and fell down, hurting his leg, which is when it was pulled from his arms.
When he asked for it back, a member of the forces gave him the damaged instrument and Mr Arteaga said he hugged him.
Mr Arteaga often dresses in full yellow, blue and red colours of the Venezuelan flag, and has become a symbol of the more peaceful approach to protesting, although he is often found playing in the front line.
Venezuela has seen almost daily anti-government protests since April and at least 55 people have been killed in protest-related violence.
The country's deepening economic and political crisis has led to triple-digit inflation, a high crime rate and clashes between protesters and security forces.


A South African court has annulled initial agreements the government reached with three countries to help it build nuclear power stations.

The deals with Russia, the US and South Korea were unlawful, the court ruled.
The government failed to hold public hearings and a parliamentary debate over its plans, it added.
Environmental groups said they welcomed the ruling, pointing out it came on the eve of the anniversary of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
The government has not yet commented on the ruling, in a case brought by the Earthlife Africa and the Southern African Faith Communities' Environment Institute (SAFCEI).
Its plan to build eight nuclear plants at an estimated cost of around 1tn rand ($76bn; Â£59bn) has been dogged by controversy.
Critics fear the deal will be unaffordable and plagued by corruption, and suspect that Finance Minister Pravin Gordan was sacked by President Jacob Zuma last month because he had serious reservations about it.
"In the past few weeks citizens have demonstrated their willingness to mobilise against corruption and the capture of our state. The nuclear deal is at the centre of it all." SAFCEI official Siphokazi Pangalele said in a statement.
Concerns about the affordability of the deal contributed to global rating agency Fitch's decision on 7 April to downgrade South Africa to "junk status".
The government says it needs new nuclear power stations to meet South Africa's  growing electricity demand, and to move away from relying on coal-fire plants. The country currently has one nuclear plant.
It had reached preliminary agreements with Russia, the US and South Korea to build eight more, AFP news agency reports.
Environmental groups say South Africa should rely more on renewable energy to meet its electricity needs.


Monday will see an international team of scientists set sail for the mid-Atlantic on a quest to sample microbes living deep in the ocean floor.

The expedition will use new types of rock drill developed in the UK and Germany to retrieve cores from up to 80m below the seabed.
The target of interest is the Atlantis Massif, a 4km-high underwater mountain.
Scientists say its rocks may hold clues to the origins of life on Earth and its potential on other planets and moons.
The team is interested in the process of serpentinisation, which involves the alteration of material brought up from the mantle.
This occurs along the mid-Atlantic Ridge - the rugged chain of formations stretching down the centre of the ocean, where new crust is being created.
Rocks that contain iron- and magnesium-rich minerals (olivine) react with seawater to produce gases such as hydrogen and methane.
And this chemistry can then drive the metabolism of simple organisms.
"They can 'eat' hydrogen, they can eat methane, they can eat some of the smaller carbon compounds that are formed by the reaction of water with these rocks," explained expedition co-chief scientist Dr Beth Orcutt.
"They get energy under those conditions to help them grow, and to form new cells," the researcher from the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences in Maine, US, told BBC News.
The Atlantis Massif is known to be an excellent location for studying this process.
Back in 2000, an expedition stumbled across huge towers of carbonate on one side of the mountain.
These pillars were precipitated in the hot, alkaline waters created by serpentinisation.
Scientists have already sampled the biology around them, finding abundant single-celled microorganisms known as Archaea.
They now want to drill into the nearby rock itself to see if different types of microbes persist and how exactly they function.
Normally, this exercise would be run from a rig on a specially adapted ship. But the team is going to the massif on a standard research vessel.
The UK-based RRS James Cook will deploy remote-controlled drill mechanisms, in what is a first for this type of expedition.
These systems, which are about the size of a shipping container, will be lowered on to the underwater mountain by a winch.
Once on the seabed, their weight will keep them steady. The machines carry a cartridge full of drill rods and core barrels that they add together to push tens of metres into the underlying rock.
Sensors and sampling equipment can also be lowered into the hole to make a range of scientific measurements.
"It is quite deep down - 750m to 1,750m below the sea surface," said Dr Carol Cotterill, a senior marine geophysicist with the British Geological Survey.
"We have two remote drills: the BGS RD2 and the Marum Mebo drill. They're both big bits of kit.
"They're attached by umbilicals, and each of them has cameras on them that send live feeds to the surface.
"So, the minute these drills are deployed, the respective drill teams will rush to their container control rooms to start running operations."
Researchers are fascinated by the process of serpentinisation because of what it could say about life's ability to thrive in even the most extreme circumstances.
It has been posited that life on Earth may even have started in locations where upwelling rock from the mantle meets the ocean.
And scientists who study the possibility of living things beyond our planet consider such processes to be among the most likely means to sustain biology elsewhere in the cosmos.
Next Wednesday, the Cassini probe at Saturn will make an ultra-close flyby of the moon Enceladus.
It will be trying to sample water jets spewing from the little world's south polar region.
Mission scientists hope to be able to detect molecular hydrogen, which could be seen as a strong indicator that serpentinisation is taking place at the base of the global ocean suspected to lie under Enceladus's ice crust.
"Wherever you have this general composition of rock and water, you could make hydrogen and methane. And some astrobiologists are hoping to send probes to look for methane and hydrogen in different places throughout the Solar System, including Mars," commented the Atlantis expedition's other co-chief scientist, Prof Gretchen FrÃ¼h-Green from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.
Closer to home, researchers are also interested in the process of serpentinisation because it works to lock away the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.
The carbonate precipitations created at locations such as the Atlantis Massif are fed by the CO2 that has dissolved in seawater from the atmosphere.
These deposits can stay stable for tens of millions, even hundreds of millions, of years.
The $3.5m (Â£2.3m) Atlantis Massif expedition has been organized by ECORD, the European Consortium of Ocean Research Drilling, as part of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). The use of the RRS James Cook is an in-kind contribution from the UK's Natural Environment Research Council.
Jonathan.Amos-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk and follow me on Twitter: @BBCAmos


Evidence of events that happened before the Big Bang can be seen in the glow of microwave radiation that fills the Universe, scientists have asserted.

Renowned cosmologist Roger Penrose said that analysis of this cosmic microwave background showed echoes of previous Big Bang-like events.
The events appear as "rings" around galaxy clusters in which the variation in the background is unusually low.
The unpublished research has been posted on the Arxiv website.
The ideas within it support a theory developed by Professor Penrose - knighted in 1994 for his services to science - that upends the widely-held "inflationary theory".
That theory holds that the Universe was shaped by an unthinkably large and fast expansion from a single point.
Much of high-energy physics research aims to elucidate how the laws of nature evolved during the fleeting first instants of the Universe's being.
"I was never in favour of it, even from the start," said Professor Penrose.
"But if you're not accepting inflation, you've got to have something else which does what inflation does," he explained to BBC News.
"In the scheme that I'm proposing, you have an exponential expansion but it's not in our aeon - I use the term to describe [the period] from our Big Bang until the remote future.
"I claim that this aeon is one of a succession of such things, where the remote future of the previous aeons somehow becomes the Big Bang of our aeon."
This "conformal cyclic cosmology" (CCC) that Professor Penrose advocates allows that the laws of nature may evolve with time, but precludes the need to institute a theoretical beginning to the Universe.
Professor Penrose, of Oxford University, and his colleague Vahe Gurzadyan of Yerevan State University in Armenia, have now found what they believe is evidence of events that predate the Big Bang, and that support CCC.
They looked at data from vast surveys of the cosmic microwave background - the constant, nearly uniform low-temperature glow that fills the Universe we see.
They surveyed nearly 11,000 locations, looking for directions in the sky where, at some point in the past, vast galaxies circling one another may have collided.
The supermassive black holes at their centres would have merged, turning some of their mass into tremendous bursts of energy.
The CCC theory holds that the same object may have undergone the same processes more than once in history, and each would have sent a "shockwave" of energy propagating outward.
The search turned up 12 candidates that showed concentric circles consistent with the idea - some with as many as five rings, representing five massive events coming from the same object through the course of history.
The suggestion is that the rings - representing unexpected order in a vast sky of disorder - represent pre-Big Bang events, toward the end of the last "aeon".
"Inflation [theory] is supposed to have ironed all of these irregularities out," said Professor Penrose.
"How do you suddenly get something that is making these whacking big explosions just before inflation turns off? To my way of thinking that's pretty hard to make sense of."
Shaun Cole of the University of Durham's computational cosmology group, called the research "impressive".
"It's a revolutionary theory and here there appears to be some data that supports it," he told BBC News.
"In the standard Big Bang model, there's nothing cyclic; it has a beginning and it has no end.
"The philosophical question that's sensible to ask is 'what came before the Big Bang?'; and what they're striving for here is to do away with that 'there's nothing before' answer by making it cyclical."
Professor Cole said he was surprised that the statistical variation in the microwave background data was the most obvious signature of what could be such a revolutionary idea, however.
"It's not clear from their theory that they have a complete model of the fluctuations, but is that the only thing that should be going on?
"There are other things that could be going on in the last part of the previous aeon; why don't they show even greater imprints?"
Professors Penrose and Cole both say that the idea should be shored up by further analyses of this type, in particular with data that will soon be available from the Planck telescope, designed to study the microwave background with unprecedented precision.


A further five people who helped during the 1989 Hillsborough disaster are being sought as part of a witness appeal.

Images of the witnesses have been published by the team investigating the stadium crush in Sheffield, which led to the deaths of 96 football fans.
They show four people but no image is available for a fifth witness, believed to have been an off-duty nurse.
She is thought to have helped victims in the back of an ambulance.
The vehicle is pictured in front of the Leppings Lane terraces - where the crush happened during an FA Cup semi-final between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest - at 15.36 BST on 15 April 1989.
The woman, believed to be from the Nottingham area, is thought to have travelled in the back of the ambulance from Hillsborough to the Northern General Hospital.
Images of more than 100 people have already been released during several appeals.
The photographs of those who have yet to be traced can be seen on the Operation Resolve website.
New inquests into the disaster are being held in Warrington, Cheshire.


The woman accused of murdering Becky Watts said texts she exchanged with her boyfriend about kidnapping schoolgirls were "just extremely sarcastic".

Shauna Hoare, who denies murder, told Bristol Crown Court messages sent to Nathan Matthews were "unfortunate".
The 16-year-old's remains were found in a shed in Bristol in March.
Ms Hoare's boyfriend Mr Matthews has admitted killing and dismembering his stepsister, but denies murder and conspiracy to kidnap.
The prosecution's William Mousley, QC, asked Miss Hoare if it was just an "unfortunate coincidence that you and Nathan were talking about kidnapping a girl and bringing her back to the house" in text messages months before Becky was killed.
Ms Hoare replied: "I don't think it necessarily was a coincidence... It was just extremely unfortunate."
She also told the court it was "bad timing" she showed Mr Matthews a parody video on YouTube called Do You Want to Hide a Body the day after Becky went missing.
The accused was asked if it "just happened" that she was not in the house when Becky was attacked, that she came inside from the garden just after Mr Matthews moved Becky's body to the boot of his car, and that when the body was being dismembered she did not "see, hear or smell anything suspicious?".
Ms Hoare agreed she was with Mr Matthews for most of the time over that period, but said there were explanations why DNA attributable to her had been found on two bags and a face mask found in the shed where Becky's body parts were hidden because they had previously been in her house.
"You thought you could get away with it," said Mr Mousley.
"I didn't have anything to get away with," Ms Hoare replied.
"Are you just very unlucky?," Mr Mousley asked.
"Yes," said Ms Hoare.
Earlier, Ms Hoare told the jury she had heard Mr Matthews using a circular saw for 15 to 20 minutes on Sunday 22 February, three days after she disappeared.
Responding to questions from Andrew Langdon QC, defending, she said she assumed her boyfriend was doing "a boring job" in the bathroom and "just left him to it."
Ms Hoare also told the court it was a "complete shock" when she was arrested after the disappearance of Becky.
Mr Matthews, 28, of Hazelbury Drive, Warmley, south Gloucestershire, admits perverting the course of justice, preventing lawful burial and possessing a prohibited weapon.
Ms Hoare, 21, of Cotton Mill Lane, Bristol, denies murder and conspiracy to kidnap, a weapons charge, perverting the course of justice and preventing a burial.
Two other men, Donovan Demetrius, 29, and James Ireland, 23, deny assisting an offender.
The trial continues.


Russian forces have started leaving Syria after Monday's surprise withdrawal announcement by President Vladimir Putin.

Russian defence ministry video showed the first group of aircraft taking off from Hmeimim air base in Syria on Tuesday morning and later in flight.
But Russia will continue air strikes, and keep several hundred personnel and air defence systems, officials said.
Peace talks aimed at resolving the conflict are entering a second day.
UN Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura, who is mediating in the talks, welcomed the Russian decision.
"The announcement by President Putin on the very day of the beginning of this round of Intra-Syrian Talks in Geneva is a significant development, which we hope will have a positive impact on the progress of the negotiations," he said.
The Russian force reduction was announced during a meeting between Mr Putin and his defence and foreign ministers.
Russia is a key ally of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, and his office sought to reject speculation there was a rift between the two countries, saying the move was mutually agreed.
The Russian air campaign started last September, tipping the balance in favour of the Syrian government and allowing it to recapture territory from rebels, but on Tuesday the defence ministry announced the withdrawal.
"The first group of Russian planes has flown out of the Hmeimim air base for their permanent bases on the territory of the Russian Federation," it said in a statement (in Russian).
Aircraft from the base would make the flight to Russia - more than 5,000km - in small groups each led by Il-76 or Tu-154 transport planes, the statement said.
They would then go their separate ways to their own bases after crossing the Russian border, it added.
Su-24 tactical bombers, Su-25 attack fighters, Su-34 strike fighters and helicopters were returning home, the TV said.
Mr Putin, however, said Hmeimim and Russia's Mediterranean naval base at Tartous would continue to operate as normal.
Deputy Defence Minister Nikolay Pankov said some air strikes would continue.
"Certain positive results have been achieved... However, it is too early to talk about victory over terrorism. A Russian air group has the task of continuing to strike terrorist facilities," he said, quoted by Ria news agency.
Russia's military intervention bolstered president Assad's forces on key front lines where they were close to collapse.
Russia now wants to see an end to this war - and it is known to be concerned about the Syrian government's tough line on talks which have just resumed in Geneva, as well as president Assad's recent comments in an interview that he would one day take back, militarily, all the territory he lost.
That is not a war president Mr Putin can afford to be part of.
And he has a bigger game here - his wider relationship with the West and most of all Washington which is also anxious to find a way out of this crisis in Syria - as hard as that is.
Another senior official, Federation Council defence committee head Viktor Ozerov, said as many as two battalions - some 800 servicemen - could remain in Syria after the withdrawal to guard the two bases, Interfax news agency reported.
Military advisers training Syrian government troops would also stay, he added.
Meanwhile Kremlin chief-of-staff Sergey Ivanov said Russia would keep its advanced S-400 surface-to-air missile system in place.
"We are leaving completely reliable cover for the remaining contingent... To effectively ensure security, including from the air, we need the most modern air defence systems," Russian media quoted him as saying.
It is not clear how many military personnel Russia has deployed, but US estimates suggest the number ranges from 3,000 to 6,000, AP reports.
Russia had long insisted its bombing campaign only targeted terrorist groups but Western powers had complained the raids hit political opponents of President Assad.
In a statement, the Syrian government said the plan was agreed between the two countries.
Source: Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu, quoted by Russian media
Most participants in the Syria conflict agreed to a cessation of hostilities, which has been largely holding despite reports of some violations on all sides.
Meanwhile, the UN Commission of Inquiry on Syria has presented its report on war crimes committed by all sides in Syria's war to the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva.
Its chairman Paulo Pinheiro said the task of pursuing war criminals should not wait for a final peace agreement as there was now "hope of an end in sight".
In a phone call, Mr Putin and US President Barack Obama discussed the situation in Syria and the "next steps required to fully implement the cessation of hostilities" agreed last month, the White House said.
The Kremlin said both "called for an intensification of the process for a political settlement" to the conflict.
The Russian move has received a guarded welcome from Western diplomats and the Syrian opposition.
An unnamed US official quoted by Reuters said Washington was encouraged by the Russian move, but it was too early to say what it means or what was behind it.
Russia is one of President Bashar al-Assad's most important international backers and the survival of his government is critical to maintaining Russian interests in Syria. Russia has a key naval facility which it leases at the port of Tartus and has forces at the Hmeimim airbase in Latakia.
In September 2015, with rebel forces advancing on Latakia, Russian forces launched an air campaign which President Vladimir Putin said was aimed at "stabilising" the Syrian government and creating conditions for "a political compromise" that would end the five-year conflict.
In March 2016, Mr Putin ordered the "main part" of Russia's forces to withdraw from Syria, saying their mission had "on the whole" been accomplished.
Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu said Russian aircraft had flown more than 9,000 sorties over almost six months, killing more than 2,000 "bandits" and helping Syrian government forces regain control of 10,000 sq km (3,860 sq miles) of territory, including 400 population centres.
The claims have not yet been independently verified, but it is clear the air campaign turned the tide of the war in favour of Mr Assad, allowing Syrian government ground forces to regain territory around Latakia, in the southern province of Deraa and around the divided northern city of Aleppo.
Moscow stressed that its air strikes only targeted "terrorists", but activists said Russian aircraft mainly bombed Western-backed rebel groups and civilian areas.
In December, Amnesty International said Russian aircraft appeared to have directly attacked civilians by striking residential areas with no evident military target, which it warned might amount to war crimes. Russia's defence ministry dismissed the report as containing "fake information".
However, the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported in early March that 1,733 civilians, including 429 children, had been killed in Russian air strikes, along with some 1,492 rebels and members of the al-Qaeda-affiliated al-Nusra Front, and 1,183 Islamic State (IS) militants.


Manager Brendan Rodgers admitted Celtic fell short of the standards they have set this season but praised the players' attitude in beating Hamilton.

Leigh Griffiths scored the only goal as the champions made it 10 Premiership victories in a row.
Celtic are now 11 points clear of nearest challengers Rangers.
"It wasn't at the level we've been for a lot of the season but the mentality of the players was very strong," Rodgers told BBC Scotland.
"We weren't as fluent as we normally are, the pitch is slow, it looks a little bit heavy so it affects the speed of our game. But we had chances to be a lot more comfortable.
"Of course when its 1-0 late in the game, they've got nothing to lose, but give credit to Hamilton, they played with a back five, a diamond in midfield with one up front and really condensed the space.
"They've conceded a lot of goals here in the past, so they were never going to come and open up, but it's up to us to break it down. We did break it down a number of times and we goat the important goal.
"Whenever you're a winning team, you have to have persistence and drive. The players have got that in spades. To stay focused on the game, we made so many passes, got into good areas, but failed with just that little bit of incision inside the box."
Rodgers played Griffiths and Moussa Dembele up front together, setting his side up in a 3-5-2 shape to allow the strikers to work as a duo. They combined for the only goal of the game, but otherwise lacked the cohesion of a well-practised partnership.
"It's collective, I'm not so worried about those two, I'm more worried about the team," Rodgers said. "We weren't as fluid with our positioning as we normally are, but both players worked hard. They've both got qualities, but I'm worried about the team rather than individuals.
"We were poor [coming out of defence towards the end], we gave the ball needlessly away. In our build up we weren't secure enough, we took a risk and we gave it away cheaply, but thankfully it didn't cost us.
"We're missing a lot of our real dynamic players in terms of James Forrest and Scott Sinclair, so we're having to find different ways to play. We'll analyse the game. Where we can do better, an look to be bette on Saturday."
Hamilton manager Martin Canning was happy with the industry and application of his side, and believes he saw enough in the narrow defeat, and in previous games against top four sides, to believe his team can take something from a run of games that sees them face Rangers on Friday, then Celtic again, then Aberdeen.
"We performed well and worked really hard, we were disciplined, kept our shape well and limited Celtic to not a lot," said Canning.
"We did what we hoped we could do, stay in the game for long enough to make the last 10, 15 minutes uncomfortable and give ourselves and opportunity to take something from the game. A couple of times we were unfortunate, we got into decent areas and didn't quite make the most of it.
"Scott McMann was magnificent for a young kid, it's his first time coming here, and Ross Cunningham comes on at the end as well. We need to build on that."


Nine men have been barred from the landlord register in Glasgow after being found unfit to rent out property.

The decisions by Glasgow City Council's licensing and regulatory committee affects six landlords in the Govanhill area and three others around the city.
It means they could face criminal prosecution and fines of up to Â£50,000 if they attempt to let their property.
They landlords all failed to meet legal obligations and one was also convicted of assault with intent to rape.
Five of the landlords who were barred own properties within the Govanhill Enhanced Enforcement Area, which has allowed council officers to impose higher standards of regulation on all landlords.
The landlords who failed to meet the standards are: Hamid Akram, Tauheed Hussain, Mohammed Adnan Hussain, Shakeel Shahid and Simon Tsang.
Between them, they own seven properties across addresses in Westmoreland Street.
Tauheed Hussain also owns a property in Langside Road as well as other parts of the south side of Glasgow.
In all five cases, the landlords failed to provide a range of certification that includes an enhanced criminal record check, buildings insurances, energy performance, gas safety and confirmation that tenants received tenant information packs.
Johan Mirza, who was convicted of assault with intent to rape, and operating flats below the tolerable housing standard, owns properties in Allison Street, Boyd Street and Jamieson St as well as another on Bath St in Glasgow city centre.
Glasgow City Council leader Frank McAveety said enforcement action was seeing failing landlords "being stopped in their tracks".
"There have been too many landlords in Govanhill who have refused to take their responsibilities seriously and have brought the area down," he said.
"Thanks to the powers the council secured through the creation of the Enhanced Enforcement Area, we are making serious inroads against those landlords who have undermined the Govanhill community.
"Let's be clear, the Enhanced Enforcement Area allows the council to demand high standards of those who rent out property within the four blocks. Where landlords fail to meet the high standards of the enforcement area they will be brought to book."
Three other landlords with properties in other parts of Glasgow were also barred from the register on the basis of their criminal convictions.
These landlords were Francis Green, Jamil Ahmed and Graham Mills.


The co-pilot suspected of deliberately crashing a Germanwings airliner into the French Alps hid details of an illness, German prosecutors say.

Torn-up sick notes were found in the homes of Andreas Lubitz, they say, including one for the day of the crash, which killed 150 passengers and crew.
A German hospital confirmed he had been a patient recently but denied reports he had been treated for depression.
The EU's aviation regulator has urged airlines to adopt new safety rules.
The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) said in future two crew members should be present in the cockpit at all times.
Data from the voice recorder suggests Mr Lubitz purposely started an eight-minute descent into the mountains after locking the pilot out of the flight deck.
There were no survivors when Flight 4U 9525 crashed in a remote mountain valley on Tuesday while en route from Barcelona in Spain to Duesseldorf in Germany.
Prosecutors say there was no evidence of a political or religious motive for his actions and no suicide note has been found.
French police say the search for passenger remains and debris on the mountain slopes could take another two weeks.
A memorial service is being held at a church in central Duesseldorf, attended by the mayor, Tomas Geisel.
Two officers stand watch at the end of a neat, suburban cul-de-sac. International TV crews focus their cameras on Andreas Lubitz's family home. The blinds are down. A candle has been placed on his parents manicured lawn, with an image of hands clasped in prayer.
Neighbours describe him as a "quiet, affable man". They are struggling to accept that the 27-year-old they once knew could be capable of committing mass murder.
Investigators carrying boxes of evidence and a computer have come and gone. With the discovery of a  discarded sick note in his Duesseldorf apartment and confirmation that he attended a medical clinic just days before the crash, the suggestion is that this quiet man was hiding something.
That secret may eventually reveal why he took not just his own life but the lives of 149 others.
In a statement (in German), prosecutors said they had seized medical documents from Mr Lubitz's two residences - his Duesseldorf flat and his parents' home north of Frankfurt - which indicated an "existing illness and appropriate medical treatment".
The "fact that, among the documents found, there were sick notes - torn-up, current and for the day of the crash - leads to the provisional assessment that the deceased was hiding his illness from his employer", the report states.
Germanwings confirmed it had not been given a sick note for the day of the crash.
Duesseldorf's University Hospital issued a statement (in German) saying Mr Lubitz had attended the hospital on 10 March and last month.
Adding that it had handed his medical records over to prosecutors, it said reports the co-pilot had been treated there for depression were incorrect.
Germany's Rheinischer Post newspaper, which spoke to the hospital, quoted its own unnamed sources as saying Mr Lubitz had been suffering from a physical, rather than a mental, illness.
Unanswered questions
Who was Andreas Lubitz?
'Nice, funny, sometimes quiet'
German media examine 'depression' reports
Depression headlines add to stigma for sufferers
The theory that a mental illness such as depression had affected the co-pilot was suggested by German media, quoting internal aviation authority documents.
They said he had suffered a serious depressive episode while training in 2009.
He reportedly went on to receive treatment for a year and a half and was recommended regular psychological assessment.
Mr Lubitz's employers insisted that he had only been allowed to resume training after his suitability was "re-established".
Speaking just before the EASA issued its advice, Lufthansa announced it would adopt the "rule of two" as soon as possible.
Family members of some of the passengers and crew who died have visited Seyne-les-Alpes, near the crash site.
DNA samples are being provided to allow for identification of victims' remains.
The plane's second "black box", which records flight data, has yet to be found.
"There's not much plane debris left," police spokesman Xavier Vialenc was quoted by AFP news agency as saying. "There's mainly a lot of body parts to pick up."
Source: Aviation Safety Network


Welsh golfer Jamie Donaldson says the first Golfsixes event at Centurion Golf Club could offer a new level of excitement to the game.

The six-hole team event was introduced to broaden the sport's appeal.
Teams of two players hit tee shots on each hole and, after selecting the best tee shot, the players take alternate shots until the hole is completed.
"I like the sound of it, I like what they're trying to do to make it more exciting," he told BBC Radio Wales.
He continued: "We won't know how well it goes down until the end of the week but it does seem very exciting. It's six holes, a shoot-out, the golf course is very scorable."
Donaldson, 41, will partner with fellow Welshman Bradley Dredge for Saturday's opener at the St Albans course.
The pair will face off against Australia, USA and Portugal in their group for the two-day event, with the top two teams from four groups progressing to a knockout stage on day two.
"It's something a bit different. It's just how will it go down, we don't know until it's finished," Donaldson continued.
"They have picked the holes that you can be the most aggressive on to make it as exciting as possible.
"It's going to be really quick. Around the hour mark and done. It's going to be one of those formats which you've got to make a lot of birdies quick and early."


A man arrested on suspicion of murdering an elderly woman in Buckinghamshire has been taken to hospital, police said.

The 23-year-old High Wycombe man was detained after Albertina Choules, 81, was attacked at her home in Ragmans Lane, near Marlow Bottom, on Wednesday.
Thames Valley Police said he is still under arrest and receiving treatment.
The force is also asking for information about the whereabouts of a suspect prior to the attack.
He is described as white, about 6ft (1.83m) tall, with a wiry build and short, cropped dark hair that is slightly longer on top. Police said he had noticeable pale blue eyes.
Officers said they would like to speak to anyone who may have seen a man matching the description between 22:00 BST on 2 July and 12:00 on 3 July or 18:00 BST on 5 July and 08:00 BST on 6 July.
Mrs Choules was killed by a "blunt-force head injury" before her body was set alight, a post-mortem examination found.


A plenary sitting is the name given to a full session of the European Parliament, attended by all MEPs.

This is in contrast to the meetings of particular committees, or individual political groups.
Twelve full plenary sittings take place in Strasbourg every year, generally once a month with the exception of August, which is replaced by a secondary plenary sitting in September or October.
The sittings last from Monday afternoon until Thursday lunchtime.
There are also a small number of "mini-plenary" sittings that take place in Brussels each year on a Wednesday afternoon.
Every sitting starts with an official opening by the President of the European Parliament, Martin Schulz. This gives MEPs the chance to formally approve the agenda for the week and make any amendments.
Proposals to add a debate to the agenda have to be made to the President at least one hour before the sitting opens, and can be tabled by one of the Parliament's committees, one of its political groups, or a group of 40 MEPs.
In order to be formally added, an item must be approved by a simple majority - and can be done on a show of hands.
The session is then taken up with five main types of business:
Once derided as a "rubber-stamping" chamber, the European Parliament's power to shape EU legislation increased significantly with the coming into force of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009.
The body is now a co-legislator with the Council of Ministers on the majority of EU laws.
For the remainder of EU legislation, the European Parliament has a formal consultative role.
Legislative debates usually open with a speech by the appointed "rapporteur",  the MEP appointed by the relevant committee to draw up the Parliament's position on a proposed law.
A vote will have already been taken in committee, before going to the full parliament.
After this, the floor will normally be taken by spokespeople for other relevant committees, followed by the relevant EU Commissioner (it is the Commission that will have originally have proposed the legislation), and a representative of the EU Council of Ministers.
These interventions can be quite long, particularly if there has been a dispute between MEPs and national ministers over a piece of legislation.
The Council representative will generally be a minister from the country currently holding the EU's rotating presidency.
This is followed by spokespeople for the party groups, and then "backbench" MEPs - after which the Commission and Council get a chance to reply.
Often, however, it must be said that the plenary debates can consist mainly of the re-airing of political positions on the impact of legislation, rather than detailed scrutiny.
Most of this detailed scrutiny work will have already been done at committee stage, or in the private "trilogue meetings" held between MEPs, representatives of the Commission and national governments.
These take place before lunch on the Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday of plenary weeks, normally lasting around an hour.
Unlike at Westminster, votes are often not taken directly after the relevant debate - but later in the day, or during the following day's session.
On occasions, MEPs can even vote on proposals debated during a previous plenary sitting.
As well as voting on legislation and resolutions that have been the subject of a full plenary debate, MEPs also vote on uncontroversial or procedural matters that come direct from the relevant committee.
Votes are taken on every amendment, and MEPs may submit oral amendments at the last minute.
Voting is either undertaken on a show of hands or, when the result of a show of hands is unclear or it has been requested by a political group, by electronic vote with or without a roll-call.
Roll-call votes are often requested by political groups who want to force the MEPs of other groups to leave a written, publicly-available record of where they stood on a controversial law or amendment.
This is what happened in July 2015, when MEPs slogged through a long round of button-pushing to vote on a raft of amendments to their advisory resolution on the controversial TTIP EU-US trade deal.
The vote was meant to have taken place at the previous month's sitting, but was controversially put back by Parliament President Martin Schulz, who claimed it was because too many amendments and requests for roll-call votes had been tabled.
Following the votes, MEPs have the chance to explain why they voted in a particular way.
These are usually in the form of a statement by a representative from the Council and/or Commission, followed by a debate by MEPs.
They can also take place following an oral question to either the Commission or the Council that has been tabled by a committee, a political group or a group of 40 MEPs.
Most result in a resolution being tabled, allowing the Parliament to set out its view on a particular issue.
Following reforms to the Parliament's rules in 2002, "extraordinary" debates can be added after the official adoption of the agenda on the Monday, in response to a breaking event.
Such debates can be proposed by the President, after consulting the political group leaders.
These take place during the full monthly Strasbourg sessions, and are now normally scheduled for the Thursday morning sittings.
Three areas of alleged human rights abuses are debated, followed by a vote on resolutions.
All member states are legally bound to respect the rights enshrined in the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights  and the EU has a treaty commitment to promote human rights in its "relations with the wider world".
The Parliament has a treaty role to monitor how these commitments are being implemented.
This means that MEPs can end up discussing topics as diverse as abortion rights in Paraguay or traditional land tenure rights for ethnic groups in Tanzania, sometimes prompting accusations from some in the chamber that the Parliament is acting in a "busybody" or culturally imperialist manner.
Often, the debates end up being about what kind of trade relationship the EU should have with countries where there are alleged human rights abuses.
The Parliament receives a number of high-profile visitors to speak during plenary sittings, including heads of state from both EU and non-EU countries, as well as various spiritual and religious leaders.
Normally, a special lecturn is placed in the middle of the hemicycle, from which the speaker can address the entire chamber.
Formal sittings normally just consist of the speech, with MEPs not allowed to intervene or make points of order.
For the most part, the content of the speeches is relatively uncontroversial - but big-name figures can sometimes use the platform to make more contentious political points.
In November 2014, Pope Francis made headlines with his call for EU nations to find a "united response" to the migration crisis in the Mediterranean, and his description of Europe as "elderly and haggard".
Formal sittings in the Parliament do not always go quite to plan.
The first pontiff to visit the chamber, John Paul II, was heckled as the "antichrist" by the late DUP leader Ian Paisley.


St Helens winger Regan Grace has signed a new two-and-a-half year contract, after making his first-team breakthrough in 2017.

The Wales international, 20, made his debut in the Good Friday derby defeat by Wigan, in which he scored his first of five tries in Super League.
He joined Saints from South Wales Scorpions in 2014, and was part of the unbeaten academy side in 2016.
"I have seen the raw potential Regan has," head coach Justin Holbrook said.
"He works hard in training and sets a strong example to the other younger players in the first team and academy."
Grace added: "This season has been a good one for me so far - I have made my debut in a derby and have played in some big games.
"I'm now looking forward to working hard, improving and doing the best I can for the Saints."


Tributes have been paid to boxer Eamonn Magee Jr who was murdered in a stabbing on the outskirts of west Belfast on Saturday morning.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
30 May 2015 Last updated at 20:40 BST
He was the son of former WBU welterweight champion Eamonn Magee Sr.
A 32-year-old man has been arrested in connection with the killing.
BBC Newsline's Lisa McAlister reports.


Juventus have revealed a rebranded club crest with a more modern design - and it hasn't gone down well with fans.

Media playback is not supported on this device
The marketing spiel from club president Andrea Agnelli described it as "a symbol of the Juventus way of living".
No, we aren't sure what that means either. But it's not unusual for clubs to release elaborate marketing descriptions of their new crests.
See if you can match the flowery description to the football club badge.
This content will not work on your device, please check Javascript and cookies are enabled or update your browser


Nairobi's roads are renowned for their chaos.

Cars, lavishly decorated buses, reckless matatu minibus taxis, and daredevil motorbike riders intermingle with the odd herd of cows to create a gridlocked maze, and a nightmare for the commuter trying to get home.
Not only is the transport sector in much of Africa similarly chaotic, it is also notoriously dangerous - Africa has the highest rate of road traffic fatalities in the world, accounting for 16% of the world's road traffic deaths, despite being home to only 2% of the world's vehicles.
Compared to the global average of 18 road traffic deaths per 100,000 members of the population, the region sees an average of 24.1 deaths for each 100,000 people - a significantly higher figure.
A rising number of young start-ups are working to make sense of the madness, creating new technology-based solutions to simplify transportation in African cities, and improve safety.
While taxi app Uber is rushing to launch in Africa, taxi-hailing technology is already popular in Kenya, tapping into the country's famous love of novel mobile solutions.
According to Lauren Gray, marketing director at local mobile taxi-hailing service Easy Taxi, innovative uses of technology are key to improving the taxi-transportation market in Kenya.
In particular, Ms Gray says technology can better connect consumers with reliable, safe services, and ensure heightened accountability within the market.
"Technology allows for greater monitoring within the taxi transportation market. This is beneficial for the end consumer, as higher quality services are guaranteed and services are brought to consumers with both transparency and accountability," she says.
By using mobile technology, Ms Gray says the lack of reliable transportation in Nairobi can be addressed, and security can be improved - a key concern in Kenya.
"Customers [in Nairobi] have become used to knowing that if they need a driver to take them to a destination, it would need to be planned hours in advance and require calling multiple drivers to see who is available, who is nearby, and who will charge the lowest price," she says.
"In addition, customers are very wary of taking rides with drivers they do not know. This is because of the lack of reliability but also due to security concerns. These gaps are what technology within the taxi transportation sector and Easy Taxi is capable of addressing and changing."
Boasting the largest taxi network in Nairobi, and ferrying thousands of passengers to their destinations each month, Easy Taxi's localised taxi-hailing app is widely used in Kenya's capital, and poses the biggest competition to Uber's African expansion.
Mobile technology is also being used to shake-up another of Africa's favourite forms of transport - the motorcycle taxi, known as the boda boda.
Alastair Sussock, co-founder of Ugandan company SafeBoda, says technology focused transport systems will play an important role in building developed cities across Africa.
"Technology can help the market serve customers better and SafeBoda is working on exactly that," he says.
"The larger [question] is how can we use low-cost transportation and technology to improve the rapidly growing cities of Africa and other developing regions."
Dubbing itself the "Uber for motorcycle taxis", SafeBoda allows consumers to call a network of motorbike drivers via a mobile app.
However, as the name suggests, SafeBoda also goes a step further, providing training for company drivers in first-aid, road safety and motorbike maintenance.
Another way transport technology can support economic growth in Africa is through job-creation, according to Mr Sussock.
"It's about reforming transport to create more jobs and more efficient outcomes for users and for cities," he says.
"No one should want technology to replace people - we need businesses that will decrease the large unemployment numbers in cities across Africa."
According to Neil du Preez, founder of South African company Mellowcabs, people need to start focusing on ways to use technology to stem the environmental impact of transportation, particularly as cities grow and congestion worsens.
"The more the world urbanises - and we're forecast to be 70% urban-dwellers by 2050 - the more critical clean, efficient, safe transportation becomes," he says.
The Mellowcabs team are implementing technology in every aspect of their fully-electric three-wheeled electric taxis, which are currently in the testing phase.
The cabs convert the kinetic energy that is usually lost in the braking process into electricity and stores it, improving energy efficiency.  An LED light system is installed in the shell of the vehicle, illuminating the body of the vehicle, making it more visible as well as being aesthetically pleasing.
The vehicles are hailed using a mobile app, which allows customers to see where their taxi is, pay with a bank card, and rate drivers.
They are also fitted with consumer friendly technology such as in-vehicle charging points, wifi, and entertainment tablets - aiming to create the perfect tech-savvy ride for Africa, when they hit the roads of South Africa.


A cross-party campaign to take the UK out of the EU  has been launched, with one of its key backers saying it can be a "unifying force" for Eurosceptics.

Vote Leave is made up of Conservative, Labour and UKIP MPs and donors.
It is competing with a rival group, UKIP-backed Leave.EU, to be the official Out campaign in the referendum promised by the end of 2017.
David Cameron is to discuss his planned EU reforms with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at Chequers later.
Vote Leave, whose supporters include Labour's Kate Hoey and UKIP's Douglas Carswell, says it wants to negotiate a new deal based on free trade and friendly co-operation.
The group is funded by people of different party affiliations, such as the City millionaire and Tory donor Peter Cruddas, Labour's biggest private backer John Mills and former UKIP treasurer Stuart Wheeler.
Its core message is about sovereignty, with "take control" the main slogan. It is planning to spend about £20m.
Ms Hoey called for an end to the "supremacy" of EU legislation over UK law, saying: "If we vote to leave, then the £350m we send to Brussels every week can be spent on our priorities like the NHS".
By Laura Kuenssberg, BBC political editor
The campaign's argument is simply that the EU has too much control over too much of our lives.
But stand by for clashes over how much money we get back, compared with what we put in.
The arguments over whether we really gain or lose economically will be a central strand of the referendum debate, with the government, most of the Labour Party, the SNP, the Liberal Democrats and much of the business world pressing the case that the rewards of being in the EU are much greater than the costs.
But Vote Leave has money, campaign muscle, a plan to build a politically broad-based group, and a clear message.
Read more on Laura Kuenssberg's blog
The Electoral Commission has yet to designate the official campaigns on either side of the EU debate.
The chosen groups will benefit from increased spending limits of £7m during the campaign period, campaign broadcasts and a free mailout to households.
They all get access to public meeting rooms and to the electoral register, and are entitled to public grants of up to £600,000.
The commission says it will choose the campaign which represents "to the greatest extent those campaigning for that outcome".
UKIP has said it will stand "hand in hand" with the Leave.EU group, which party leader Nigel Farage has hailed as a "show of unity" of anti-EU groups.
Mr Farage welcomed the formation of Vote Leave, which is backed by the Business for Britain and Conservatives for Britain groupings.
He said he supported their "pro-business arguments" and that UKIP had been making them for "over 20 years".
"But we have to get outside of Westminster to reach millions of people who don't normally vote and for whom controlling our borders and having pride in our country are the biggest issues," he said.
Mr Farage said the two campaigns were "aiming at different audiences" and added: "Ultimately, I hope that we have one campaign that operates on a number of levels."
Explaining his decision to back a different group to his leader, Mr Carswell, UKIP's only MP, told BBC News it would be "quite wrong" for the party to only back one group.
He said the battle to be chosen as the official No campaign was a "one-horse race", with Vote Leave "almost certainly" going to be selected.
Asked about the two rival camps, he said the campaign to leave was "going to have one or two tensions", saying these could be managed, and predicted Vote Leave would be a "unifying force".
Mr Carswell also said it was "only a matter of time" before the two campaigns rolled into one.
Tory MP Steve Baker, co-chairman of Conservatives for Britain, said his group supported Mr Cameron's attempts to reform the EU, but added: "We also support the creation of a professional cross-party campaign that can fight the referendum if the EU does not give the PM fundamental change."
The In Campaign, which wants the UK to remain a member of the EU, said Vote Leave had launched "with deceptive claims and old assertions".
The group's deputy director Lucy Thomas told BBC News her campaign would be officially launching "very soon" and would be "explaining the benefits" of EU membership.
Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond said he would not comment on the individual campaigns "or the people behind them".
The government, he said, was focused on renegotiating Britain's relations with the EU "so we can deliver a better deal for the British people".
He said he was "confident" reform could be achieved but added that if not "we rule absolutely nothing out", saying: "We will have to deal with that situation when we come to it."
No date has yet been set for the referendum on Britain's membership of the EU but David Cameron has promised to hold the vote by the end of 2017.
The prime minister has said he will campaign for Britain to remain in the EU if he secures the reforms he wants.
He will use his meeting with Mrs Merkel to discuss some of his demands, which include an opt-out from an EU ambition to forge an "ever closer union" of people across Europe.
He will also try to get restrictions on welfare benefits - in particular, tax credits - for migrants and more powers to block or opt out of new EU laws.


The Irish Football Association (IFA) has been criticised over a 33% increase on adult ticket prices for this year's Irish Cup Final.

Finalists Linfield FC have strongly objected to the decision, which means adult tickets have gone up from £15 to £20.
Liam Beckett, a former player of their opponents Coleraine and an Irish League pundit, said "working class people were being held to ransom".
The IFA has defended the move.
Ticket prices for the final were set by the Challenge Cup Committee of the Irish FA, which is made up of representatives of clubs, it said.
"After running costs, 80% of the gate receipts will be split evenly between the two competing finalists," it added.
The association has also indicated it has an online family offer enabling supporters "to save 15% when purchasing a family of four ticket (two adults plus two children)".
Linfield FC said its representatives had attended a briefing meeting earlier this week about the final which is scheduled to take place on 6 May at Windsor Park, which has a capacity of 18,600.
The club said it was told that ticket prices for the game would be £20 for adults and £10 for seniors and juniors.
Linfield "registered its strong objections to this decision, on the basis that it was a significant increase on prices for last year's final, but were advised that the decision was final", it said in a statement,
It understood supporters would be frustrated and angry at the arrangements made for the cup final. "But we must not let this deflect from our objective to get fully behind the team in this vitally important game," it added.
Former Cliftonville manager Liam Beckett said he feared the cup final attendance would be hit by the price increase.
"Yet again the working class supporter is being hit in the pocket and instead of trying to fill what is a fabulous new stadium in Windsor Park, the people who have set these prices have gone a long way in making sure there will be thousands of empty seats," he told BBC NI's Good Morning Ulster programme.
Football reporter Steven Beacom said the IFA had missed an "open goal" and highlighted the difference in ticket prices for the Football Association of Ireland (FAI) Cup Final in the Republic of Ireland.
"The IFA are asking people to pay £20 per ticket for the Irish Cup Final, if you go to the Republic of Ireland to see the FAI Cup Final you only have to pay 10 euros (£8.50)," he said.
"Last year at the FAI cup final there were 26,500 people inside the ground and the atmosphere was brilliant.
"It was giving people who might not have gone to that cup final a chance to see a big game."


The atmosphere in John Mutau's coffin-making workshop feels sombre.

Coffins ready for the market are lined up across the room, leaving little space for his workbench.
But even in this environment, the young coffin-maker still affords an infectious smile.
Based in the city of Mutare, in eastern Zimbabwe, he is quick to say that coffin-makers are not as heartless as many people in the country think they are.
Instead, he says, with an air of importance in his voice: "We actually want to make decent burials affordable."
The 28-year-old is one of a number of young Zimbabwean entrepreneurs who in recent years have gone into coffin-making, after recognising that it remains a lucrative industry because of Zimbabwe's continuing high rate of Aids-related deaths.
While this may seem exploitative to some people, the new entrants say they are simply helping to meet a need, especially - they add - because their coffin prices are usually much cheaper than the country's established big funeral parlours.
Despite Aids-related deaths having fallen by more than two thirds in Zimbabwe since 2001, as a result of education campaigns and the increased availability of free antiretroviral drugs, more than 60,000 people a year still die because of the virus, according to the country's National Aids Council.
Meanwhile, the United Nations says that Zimbabwe has the fifth highest prevalence of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, with an infection rate of 15%. This equates to 1.4 million people, and 15% of adults.
Currently only 618,000 of these infected Zimbabweans - less than one third - have access to the antiretroviral treatments.
To keep his costs down, Mr Mutau makes his coffins predominantly from wood discarded  by local timber companies.
This means that his coffins can cost as little as $40, compared with between $200 and $2,000 at the large, decades-old funeral director businesses.
Still, Mr Mutau admits that he, and the other new entrants, have their critics.
Many people think we celebrate death but we don't," he says.
"We are here to provide cheap coffins to the bereaved families."
Mr Mutau ventured into coffin making in 2005, but he admits that it was his business of last resort.
"I never dreamed of becoming a coffin-maker, but I need to feed my family," he says.
"There are no jobs out there. I get up to $500 per month selling coffins."
While Mr Mutau mostly works alone, if business is busy he brings in extra workers.
Another coffin-maker plying his trade in Mutare is 30-year-old Gift Olesi.
He went into the industry back in 2005 after he lost his job at a local timber company that was scaling down its operations due to falling sales.
Despite complaints from some people that he charges too much, Mr Olesi says he made a conscious decision to target the middle class, and so only makes coffins for more than $250.
"I get at least $900 a month, and I am able to feed my family," he says.
While the new breed of coffin-makers is assisting the bereaved families of people who have died from Aids, other businesses are trying to help people with HIV or early stage Aids while they are still alive.
Green World Zimbabwe, a Harare-based company that manufactures herbal medicines and nutrition supplements, helps people with HIV start their own businesses selling its products.
It also markets its supplements to people with HIV.
Osmond Tafadzwa Chakauya, the company's senior consultant, says: "Yes some people living with HIV are getting antiretroviral drugs, but for the drugs to work they need good nutrition. Hence we provide such supplements."
So far the business has helped train up to 3,000 independent sales people, of which 1,000 have HIV.
Yet Phyllis Muloyi, who has been living with HIV for 18 years thanks to her antiretroviral drugs, cautions that such business support schemes mean little if people with HIV cannot get funding from a bank, something she says can be very difficult indeed.
Jephias Mundondo, an independent HIV/Aids campaigner, says that due to the increased availability of the drugs, banks should only be looking at the likely strength of someone's business, and his or her ability to run and grow it, not the fact that they have the virus.


A Grade II listed bridge which was destroyed by winter flooding is to be widened, a council has agreed.

Tadcaster Bridge, which crosses the River Wharfe in North Yorkshire, collapsed on 29 December.
Currently the river can only be crossed using a temporary footbridge - splitting the town in two.
Plans to widen the 18th Century stone bridge during ongoing repair work have been approved at a special meeting of Selby District Council planners.
Bridge-widening plans were submitted at the start of summer after it was said to have "sub-standard footway and carriageway widths".
At the planning meeting Deputy Mayor of Selby Richard Sweeting said the footpaths had "been unsafe for years, forcing prams and wheelchairs into the road".
Councillor Christopher Metcalfe said widening the bridge was "a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to enhance a local facility", and added cyclists crossing the bridge had been "taking their life in their own hands for years".
The work will include constructing a concrete beam on the north side of the bridge, which is within the Tadcaster Conservation Area.
The wall and parapet will then be moved to meet it, meaning the footpaths can be widened to 1.8m (5ft 11in), and the road to 7.3m (23ft 11in).
Street lights will also be added on the damaged side.
The government pledged Â£3m for repair work within days of the bridge collapse, and Â£1.4m was given by the region's Local Enterprise Partnership to widen and strengthen the bridge.


Two doctors have been charged with manslaughter after a woman died giving birth by emergency caesarean.

Frances Cappuccini died at Tunbridge Wells Hospital in October 2012.
Dr Nadeem Azeez, 52, formerly of Chestnut Avenue, Tunbridge Wells, and Dr Errol Cornish, 67, of Holmbury Park, Bromley, have both been charged with gross negligence manslaughter.
Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust has also been charged with corporate manslaughter.
Kent Police said an international warrant had been issued for the arrest of Dr Azeez, who is believed to have left the country and returned to Pakistan.
The first hearing in the case is due to take place at Sevenoaks Magistrates' Court on 1 May.


Some of Britain's top cyclists have written to Prime Minister Theresa May calling for the government to create "a legacy of everyday cycling".

The group of Olympians - including gold medallists Jason Kenny and Laura Trott - said encouraging more people to use bikes instead of cars would be "the best way" to honour their success.
They called on the PM to address "chronic underfunding" in cycling.
The Department for Transport said investment had tripled since 2010.
Team GB enjoyed a record-breaking Olympics and topped the cycling medal table at Rio 2016 for the third games in a row.
Downing Street has since implied there would be "no limit" to the number of honours given to Olympic heroes.
But signatories to the letter - including Mark Cavendish, Joanna Rowsell Shand, Becky James and Sir Chris Hoy - said the best way to mark their achievements would be to invest in cycling.
A "lack of leadership" has kept cycling as a mode of transport "in the slow lane", they said.
Cycling "does not enjoy the government investment or political leadership given to roads, rail or aviation," the letter added.
"Only networks of segregated cycle lanes in towns and cities across the country can achieve and influence growth," it said.
The letter called for 5% of the government's transport spending to go on cycling, saying this was the "only way" to give it "the priority it deserves".
"Investment in cycling as a form of transport isn't purely an investment in cycle lanes," it said.
"It is an investment that will pay off for the nation's health, wealth, transport infrastructure and the vibrancy of our towns and cities. It has the added benefit of just making it easier for ordinary families to get to work and get to school.
"Our athletes have inspired the country and now we urge the government to take cycling seriously as a transport option for everyone."
Chris Boardman, Elinor Barker, Owain Doull and Katy Marchant also signed the letter.
Boardman, a former Olympic champion who is now British Cycling's policy advisor, said cycling "isn't only a sport", but a way for people to get to school and to the shops.
He told BBC Radio 5 live the death of his mother - who was killed while cycling in North Wales in July - had made him more determined to campaign for new cycling routes.
He described her death as "needless" and called for "protected spaces" not mixed in with fast-moving traffic.
In March, the government unveiled proposals to encourage people to cycle and walk more in England.
The Cycling and Walking Investment Strategy includes the ambition of doubling the number of people using bikes by 2025.
The government is now considering feedback on the draft plan.
The Department for Transport said it was spending Â£300m on cycling funding - as well as a further Â£500m for infrastructure in local communities.
"The number of people choosing to get about by bike has grown over recent years and, following the success of our Rio Olympians, we want to see this trend continue," a spokesman said.


Doncaster Rovers striker John Marquis would be interested in signing a new deal with the League One-bound side.

The 24-year-old has scored 26 goals in 40 league games this season.
Marquis, who won the League Two Player of the Year award on Sunday, joined Rovers on a two-year deal last summer after being released by Millwall.
"I've got a year left on my contract and it would be nice to sit down and sort a new one out," he told BBC Radio Sheffield.
"There's no reason why I would want to go anywhere else, my football has come on so much.
"My tactical knowledge of the game has improved, my technique has improved and that is purely down to the manager (Darren Ferguson). He loves coaching and seeing improvements in players individually and as a team.
"He's a brilliant manager and I think we're lucky to have him."
Marquis has now scored as many league goals this season as in his first seven seasons as a professional combined.
Doncaster sealed promotion back to League One with a win over Mansfield on Saturday and he believes the team have everything in place to carry their success into the third tier.
"We've won a lot of games this season and we've done it in different ways and I think if we can take that winning mentality into next season I don't see any reason why we can't be challenging in that top six," he added.


The first member of the De La Salle religious order to give evidence to the Historical Institutional Abuse inquiry has denied abusing boys in his care.

The brother, known at the inquiry as BR10, taught at Rubane House boys home, County Down, in the 1970s and 1980s.
Several former residents accused him of physically abusing them at the home.
Earlier, the inquiry took evidence from a lay worker at Rubane, who also denied abuse and claimed the boys pulled knives on each other in the home.
He said the incident happened after a De La Salle brother was removed amid sex abuse allegations.
The lay staff member worked at Rubane more than 30 years ago and has been accused of assaulting a number of boys, which he denies.
He told the inquiry social services used the home as a "dumping ground" for "the most difficult children".
He added: "I think maybe some of the boys could have been better placed."
The man described how glue-sniffing was "very prevalent" in the home, and said workers "very often found glue bags strewn around Rubane".
Describing the moment when a De La Salle brother was removed from the home amid sex abuse allegations, he said: "The boys were going mad.
"They had pulled knives on each other and the whole place was in an uproar.
"Boys were accusing each other of touting on them to the police."
Giving evidence on Tuesday afternoon, the witness known as BR10 said he was "flabbergasted" by allegations that he physically assaulted boys at Rubane.
One former resident had claimed the brother "punched the living daylights out of me" and others also alleged he had punched and kicked them.
BR10 repeatedly denied the claims and on one occasion, he told the inquiry: "I can't understand. I'm flabbergasted by that. Flabbergasted."
It was also revealed that the police decided not to prosecute him over sex abuse allegations.
BR10 said he taught and worked with young children for more than 30 years, after leaving his post at Rubane House and had never been accused of any physical or sex abuse linked to his work.
The HIA inquiry was set up in 2013 to investigate child abuse in residential institutions in Northern Ireland over a 73-year period, up to 1995.
A total of 13 Northern Ireland institutions are being investigated.
The inquiry is currently examining alleged abuse at Rubane.
About 200 former residents have made allegations of abuse.
A total of 55 former residents have come forward to the inquiry to allege that they were physically or sexually abused.


Alan Tait believes the creation of a domestic semi-professional league is key for Scotland to keep pace with bigger rugby nations.

The "Super Six", unveiled by Scottish Rugby on Saturday, replaces the current all-amateur BT Premiership from 2019.
Former Scotland centre Tait, 53, has taken up a scouting role as part of broad national restructuring aimed at enhancing player development.
"We need to think of ideas to keep us in the race," Tait said of the changes.
"This is just another way of getting more young Scottish talents playing at a higher standard and getting them through the ranks."
With World Rugby extending its residency qualification period from three to five years, Tait says Scotland can no longer rely on overseas imports with no Scottish heritage - such as South African-born WP Nel, Josh Strauss and Cornell du Preez - to prop up its Test pool.
"We've had some great players in the last few years come over from South Africa and New Zealand, get residency and play for us," he said. "If it hadn't been for WP Nel at tight-head, we'd have probably struggled a lot more.
"That avenue may close now - it's the Scottish-qualified players we're after now.
"The more we can get playing at a high level, the more there are to select from. That's how England are getting better and better - the numbers and talent they generate through their academies and Premiership teams is pretty frightening.
"The standard in the four Scottish academies has rocketed in the past two years. We've got an identity flowing through these kids now, how Scotland want to play and how the game should be played.
"We've got to give them opportunities and also the good young coaches out there. We need to get them into systems and test them at another level."
Scottish Rugby hopes the Super Six will help bridge the gap between the upper echelons of the amateur game and Scotland's two professional sides, Edinburgh and Glasgow Warriors.
Tait, who won 27 caps and switched codes to represent Widnes and Leeds in rugby league, accepts there may be dissenting voices across the club game but urges any detractors to "look at the bigger picture".
"I know lots of people out there will say it's going to be the ruination of the club game, but I think we've got to back this," the 1997 British and Irish Lion told BBC Scotland. "You've got to think of what the players want.
"I'm pretty sure the top players in the Borders would love to play at the same club and know they're only one little step away from being recognised in professional rugby.
"It's about getting a tier just below so they can make that step much, much easier.
"If there's a team in the Borders, they're obviously going to take players from Hawick, Gala, Kelso, Jed-Forest, Selkirk, so the best players will end up at that club.
"I think that's what a lot of people will be unhappy about and say it's ruining our game below that, but we've got to look at the bigger picture.
"I remember having this argument years ago when professional rugby first came into Scotland and I'd just come back from playing rugby league.
"The amount of people who said professionalism was the ruination of club rugby and we should leave it to the clubs. Looking back at that now, we could never have done that and stayed in the race."
In his new position, Kelso native Tait will scour the north of England for Scottish-eligible talent, with former Scotland captain Rory Lawson taking up a similar role around the greater London area.
Many of the players he aims to recruit are already enrolled in the academies of English Premiership clubs, such is the extent of their respective scouting networks.
"England Under-18 had five players this year that could qualify for Scotland," Tait said. "There are youngsters out there we're maybe missing a little bit and, because they didn't get selected for England, they maybe think that's it, but if they have got Scottish heritage, we want them to come along.
"I've been told to find players that are good enough to play for Scotland, not just represent the age grades.
"I'm looking at aged 18 and upwards, the ones we think will be really good professionals. My job is to look for the ones at the top of the tree."


We actually don't have a picture of Thortonloch beach - yet - so if you have a great shot of this, or if one of our other pictures isn't of quite the right spot, or indeed if you have any other great images from anywhere around Scotland, you can send us your pictures here.

Here are some of your pictures from the 26 beaches ranked as Scotland's "most excellent" for water quality.


The strength of former prime minister Margaret Thatcher's initial opposition to Cardiff's docklands regeneration has been revealed by government papers.

Documents from 1986 show she tried to avoid committing to the Cardiff Bay barrage scheme - stating it "just hasn't been worked out enough".
Welsh secretary Nicholas Edwards threatened to resign over the issue.
It was 1999 before the barrage finally opened after lengthy political battles.
Cabinet papers now made public include a written note from the now Lord Crickhowell to the Conservative leader, warning: "If agreement cannot be reached I will find myself in a position of very great difficulty."
Lord Crickhowell previously revealed the resignation threat in his memoirs, although the newly-released papers shed new light on the battle he fought with the Treasury - and the prime minister.
With Mr Edwards seeking to announce the scheme in a major speech, Mrs Thatcher said in a hand-written note to officials: "We must not be committed.
"The scheme just hasn't been worked out enough and I fear an elaborate and expensive presentation will be seen to be premature."
The Â£200m barrage, seen by Mr Edwards as a vital part of plans to regenerate Cardiff's docklands area, was controversial at the time and opposed by some Labour MPs, including future First Minister Rhodri Morgan.
The cabinet papers suggest the lack of fully-costed plans and secure private funding saw both the prime minister's economic affairs private secretary, David Norgrove, and Mrs Thatcher herself argue against the project.
The documents suggest opinion changed after a member of the Downing Street policy unit told the prime minister of an "impressive proposal to develop a new waterfront in Cardiff".
Papers also released by the National Archives show Mrs Thatcher has ordered a review of funding in Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland - amid claims that public spending in Scotland was too high.
The releases also revealed how the Welsh secretary urged the prime minister to reject any plans to build a bridge linking England and France, based on his own experiences of using the Severn Bridge and the Cleddau Bridge in Pembrokeshire.
Finally, a gift of moon dust from the United States sparked official concern about when it should go on display in Wales, the archives disclosed.


France won Olympic team eventing gold as Great Britain missed out on a medal for the first time since 1996.

A faultless show jumping round from Astier Nicolas secured first place.
Runners-up Germany, bronze medallists Australia, and New Zealand were all in contention going into the final round.
Great Britain accrued just four penalties in the show jumping phase of the three-event competition, but finished fifth after struggling in the cross country on Monday.
The individual medals will be decided later on Tuesday, with the final round starting at 18:00 BST.


Reading Women have signed England midfielder Fara Williams from Arsenal on a two-year deal.

The 33-year-old, who has won a record 165 caps for her country, was part of the Lionesses' squad that reached the Euro 2017 semi-finals.
"I knew when I finished the league last year with Arsenal that Reading was the only club I wanted to come to," Williams told the club website.
"The club wants to win trophies and I want to be a part of it."
Williams joined Arsenal in 2016, following eight years at Everton and four with Liverpool, with whom she twice won the Women's Super League.
She began her career with Chelsea and has also played for Charlton.
Williams has been to seven major tournaments with England, including helping Mark Sampson's side to third place at the 2015 World Cup, and was part of the Great Britain squad at the 2012 Olympic Games.
Reading manager Kelly Chambers said: "Signing Fara shows where the club is at now and our ambition of where we want to go.
"We want to be competing with the likes of Chelsea, Arsenal and Manchester City at the top of the table and bringing in the likes of Fara will help us do that."


The number of hours that ambulances spent waiting at A&Es in the North West of England has more than doubled in the past two years, the BBC has found.

Freedom of Information (FoI) data shows a rise from 17,413 hours in 2013-14 to 46,160 in 2015-16 beyond the standard 15-minute handover period.
All of the region's trusts bar one have seen increases with wait times up six-fold at the Royal Liverpool Hospital.
North West Ambulance Service said demand for emergency care is rising.
The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals' Trust said it had recently employed a number of hospital-trained paramedics in its emergency department to help in the "safe handover of patients" to get ambulances back on the road.
Nationally, only one of the UK's 13 ambulance services is currently meeting its target to reach seriously ill and injured patients, the investigation found.
Delays have also been blamed on a crisis in social care provision leading to bed-blocking caused by delays in the discharge of elderly patients.
In the period covered by the FoI, the number of hours spent by ambulance crews waiting to hand over patients at North West A&E units rose by 167% with many hospitals seeing even bigger increases:
Aintree Hospital in Merseyside, where last week 20 ambulance staff were photographed waiting to hand over patients due to a spike in 999 calls, recorded a 234% rise.
One paramedic at Aintree said they spent more than half of their shift standing in corridors.
The only hospital where handover times actually fell was Wythenshawe in Manchester where the number of hours has dropped by 9%.
We have all seen stories of long waits at A&E - bad for patients but bad for ambulance crews too.  Put bluntly if they are stuck in a hospital, they are not out on the road dealing with other emergencies.
Just to explain these totals, ambulance services allow 15 minutes to hand patients over. These figures are the number of extra hours they have had to spend waiting to do that.
For the last financial year, that totalled 46,160 hours for the North West - a huge increase on two years earlier when it was just under 17,500.
So why are the figures rising so dramatically? Well, the number of people going to A&E is steadily rising as the population ages.  But a number of hospital trusts are also pointing to the gaps in social care provision, particularly for the elderly.
One trust told me they currently had the equivalent of three wards being occupied by people who should not be in hospital at all, simply because there was not anywhere satisfactory for them to go.
And if those beds are occupied, that means there are fewer for the patients coming in to A&E.
Overall, handover delays at hospitals across England, Wales and Northern Ireland have shown a 52% increase in the last two years.
Lisa Grant, chief nurse at the Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals, said: "Hospitals across the area are working together with partners in community and social care to help to safely discharge patients who no longer require hospital care, providing beds for those in the emergency department who need to be admitted to a ward."
A statement from the North West Ambulance Service said: "We are seeing more and more people in need of our services, especially for Red incidents for patients with serious and life-threatening conditions.
"This contributes to additional activity at hospital emergency departments. During busy periods this can unfortunately result in ambulance crews having to wait longer to hand over patients into the care of hospital staff before they can be clear to respond to other emergencies."


Wrexham opened their account for the National League season with victory at Maidenhead.

Dean Keates' side were beaten by Macclesfield on Saturday put got their first points of the League campaign with goals from Manny Smith and Ntumba Massanka.
Smith gave the Dragons the lead five minutes before the break when he headed home Marcus Kelly's pinpoint cross.
That advantage lasted just two minutes, though, as Dave Tarpey smashed home a loose ball.
The second half was an end-to-end affair but Wrexham produced the decisive moment with 13 minutes remaining when Massanka converted from close range.
Match report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Maidenhead United 1, Wrexham 2.
Substitution, Wrexham. James Hurst replaces Ntumba Massanka.
Ntumba Massanka (Wrexham) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Second Half ends, Maidenhead United 1, Wrexham 2.
Substitution, Wrexham. Akil Wright replaces Scott Boden.
Substitution, Maidenhead United. Sam Barratt replaces Harold Odametey.
Substitution, Maidenhead United. Adrian Clifton replaces Harry Pritchard.
Goal!  Maidenhead United 1, Wrexham 2. Ntumba Massanka (Wrexham).
Substitution, Maidenhead United. Jake Hyde replaces Sean Marks.
Sean Marks (Maidenhead United) is shown the yellow card.
Substitution, Wrexham. Jack Mackreth replaces Paul Rutherford.
Second Half begins Maidenhead United 1, Wrexham 1.
First Half ends, Maidenhead United 1, Wrexham 1.
Goal!  Maidenhead United 1, Wrexham 1. Dave Tarpey (Maidenhead United).
Goal!  Maidenhead United 0, Wrexham 1. Manny Smith (Wrexham).
First Half begins.
Lineups are announced and players are warming up.


Glamorgan will aim to take their excellent limited-overs form into the Championship as they take on Kent.

The Welsh side are bottom of division two but have won seven times and lost only twice in white-ball cricket since their last four-day game.
They rest in-form batsman Colin Ingram who is managing a knee problem.
Kent have recalled New Zealand opener Tom Latham to their squad after he sat out Friday's T20 encounter in Cardiff.
The visitors have won two and drawn five of their Championship matches, with one of their victories being a convincing 10-wicket defeat of Glamorgan in Canterbury in May.
It is the third time the two teams have met across all formats inside eight days, with Glamorgan winning their One-Day Cup encounter by three wickets and the T20 Blast clash by 55 runs.
Glamorgan: Rudolph (c), Wallace, Bragg, Donald, Cooke, Lloyd, Wagg, Meschede, Salter, van der Gugten, Hogan.
Kent:  Northeast, Bell-Drummond, Latham, Denly, Dickson, Stevens, Rouse, Haggett, Coles, Tredwell, Claydon.


A five-star hotel in Edinburgh is being taken over by the Glasgow-based G1 group, run by nightlife entrepreneur Stefan King.

The Scotsman Hotel's pervious owner was placed in an unusually complex liquidation procedure.
The price for the former newspaper office, which has 69 bedrooms, is not being made public.
However, it is claimed this is the biggest purchase by the G1 group in its 27 years.
It runs five hotels already, along with 47 other pubs, clubs and restaurants in Scotland.
Mr King said: "We have enjoyed huge support from Edinburgh City Council, the patrons and the teams employed in our Edinburgh venues over the years.
"The acquisition of The Scotsman Hotel is a significant reflection of a continued commitment to the city, and to the creation of further opportunities for the group and its employees.
"We aspire to build on the iconic presence and reputation of The Scotsman Hotel to be at the forefront of hotel venues in the city."