Gabonese President Ali Bongo has set on fire nearly five tonnes of illegal ivory worth $9.3m (£6m) as part of attempts to deter poaching.

Mr Bongo said the burning was meant to send a "strong signal" to those who still traded in ivory.
Conservation group WWF has welcomed the move, saying it was an "indication of the country's commitment" to curbing elephant poaching and the ivory trade.
Trading in ivory is mostly illegal.
Exceptions have been made for ivory obtained legally, for example from animals killed as part of official culls to control local populations.
The pyre that was kindled in the Gabonese capital, Libreville, represented the central African nation's entire government stockpile of confiscated ivory, which resulted from the killing of some 850 elephants.
Mr Bongo said: "Gabon has a policy of zero tolerance for wildlife crime and we are putting in place the institutions and laws to ensure this policy is enforced.
"We don't want our children to inherit an empty forest. For that reason, we cannot allow this trafficking to continue."
The stock destroyed amounted to 4,825kg, including 1,293 pieces of rough ivory mainly composed of tusks and 17,730 pieces of worked ivory, the WWF said in a statement.
"We believe this is a strong signal of intent by Gabon against poaching and illegal wildlife trade - at a time of intense poaching pressure in central Africa, where the illegal killing of elephants for ivory is at record levels," it added.
The BBC's Charles Mavoungou in Libreville says the discovery of about 20 elephant carcasses in April last year in two national parks in the north of the country enabled the authorities to identify trafficking rings working across Cameroon, Chad, Congo and Sudan.
Since the elephant massacre, wildlife security has been improved with park guards increased from 70 to 400 and the formation of a special 250-strong brigade of the paramilitary police for the national parks, he adds.


Everton have signed Chelsea's Ghana winger Christian Atsu on a season-long loan deal.

The 22-year-old joined Chelsea from Porto in September 2013 but was immediately loaned to Dutch side Vitesse Arnhem for the 2013-14 season.
Everton boss Roberto Martinez said: "He's a player who fits in with the culture and the way we want to play.
"He's a very gifted technical footballer and he's got the right personality and character to fit in."
Atsu, who started all three of Ghana's games during the World Cup finals in Brazil this summer, is Everton's fourth signing of the summer and is available to face Leicester on Saturday.
The Toffees spent a club record £28m on striker Romelu Lukaku from Chelsea, signed Gareth Barry on a free transfer from Manchester City and brought in Muhamed Besic from Ferencvaros.


A man has appeared in court charged with attempted murder after a baby girl suffered a serious head injury.

The three-month-old was taken by ambulance from a house in Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire, to the town's Crosshouse Hospital early on Sunday morning.
She was later transferred to Yorkhill Hospital in Glasgow where her condition was described as serious but stable.
Andrew Morrison, 24, of Kilmarnock, made no plea nor declaration and was remanded in custody.
Mr Morrison appeared in private at Kilmarnock Sheriff Court on Thursday.


Jon Dibben won Britain's second gold of the Track World Championships with a superb ride in the men's points race.

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Dibben, 22, won the final two sprints to reach 48 points - the same score as Andreas Graff - but crossed the finish line of the 160-lap race first.
Earlier, Andy Tennant edged out fellow Briton Owain Doull by 0.175 seconds to win bronze in the men's pursuit.
Laura Trott, who won GB's first gold medal on Thursday, helped the hosts win another bronze in the team pursuit.
But it was the talented Dibben who stirred the 8,000 crowd into a thunderous roar as he attacked on the final sprint to win a four-man battle for gold.
"I'm lost for words," Dibben told BBC Sport. "I came into this to give it my all. I rode it like an omnium points race. For 100 laps I was at my limit and in the last 20 everyone else just died off."
So impressive was the Team Wiggins rider's performance, the European omnium bronze medallist has given the British selectors an Olympic dilemma.
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The celebrated Mark Cavendish finished on 84 points after three events in the omnium, an excellent performance in the elimination race on Friday night boosting his chances of a medal.
British Cycling technical director Shane Sutton has said the Manxman has to finish in the top three to secure his spot for Rio.
Even if the 30-year-old achieves that aim in London, the selectors face a conundrum as Cavendish's inclusion in the omnium would mean having to select him as part of the five-man team pursuit, and his coach Heinko Salzwedel has admitted the rider has a "long way to go" to reach the required standard.
His main rival for a place in the team is Dibben, who is currently the stronger of the two in the team pursuit and is a classy omnium operator.
"That's going to put him right back in contention for the omnium," said Boardman. "I wouldn't want to be a selector with Cavendish doing so well in the omnium."
But Cavendish, who is hoping to balance his road commitments with his quest for a first Olympic gold, is well placed with the kilo, flying lap and points race remaining on Saturday.
In the day's two other events, he finished sixth in the 15km scratch and 13th in the pursuit, his weakest event.
Boardman said the Briton rode a "fantastic" strategic race in the elimination.
Six-time Olympic champion Sir Chris Hoy added: "He's been off the track for a while but you could see his brilliance coming back at the end. He can't afford to have a bad event now. He has to be consistent. The points event is a good race for him - he's got to make sure he's not outside the top three or four in each event."
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Britain's quartet of Trott, Elinor Barker, Ciara Horne and Joanna Rowsell Shand put Thursday's disappointing qualifying display behind them with two superb rides on Friday.
They broke the British record with a time of four minutes 16.350 seconds to qualify for the bronze medal race and went on to beat rivals New Zealand by nearly four seconds to secure third place in 4:16.540.
Trott, the women's scratch world champion, said the team wanted to "prove people wrong" after a ragged ride on Thursday.
"We were disappointed at how we rode and to come back fighting and post 4:16 in two races was better than we thought we were going to do," said the double Olympic champion.
Trott, who could end these championships with a hat-trick of medals as she competes in the gruelling six-event omnium over the final two days, said Friday's performances had given her momentum.
In the last competition before the Olympics, this week's team pursuit offered a glimpse at how closely contested the event will be in Rio with the United States going close to breaking the world record in the semi-finals and dipping below 4:17 to win gold in the final.
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Team-mates Tennant and Doull produced a sensational finish with just a 10th of a second separating the pair as Tennant won in 4:18.301.
Welshman Doull, 22, hauled himself back into contention in the closing stages, but was pipped by his fellow Team Wiggins rider.
"That's the icing on the cake for me," said 28-year-old Tennant. "To come away with individual bronze medal - if you'd asked me three weeks ago, I'd have been betting against myself."
Italy's Filippo Ganna (4:16.141) secured gold, beating Germany's Domenic Weinstein (4:18.275) in the final.
Olympic champion Jason Kenny qualified in second place as he made a strong start to the individual sprint competition.
The 27-year-old has endured a lean few years since winning two gold medals at the London 2012 Games but showed promising signs by advancing serenely to the quarter-finals.
Team-mate Callum Skinner joined him there by beating defending champion Gregory Bauge.
Kenny was just 0.001secs behind fastest qualifier Matthew Glaetzer of Australia while Skinner was fifth fastest in 9.824.


Average wages for self-employed workers are lower than in 1994-95, researchers say.

The Resolution Foundation said that while the UK's self-employed workforce had grown by 45% since 2001-02, their weekly earnings had fallen by £60.
It blamed the rise of lower paid jobs and the financial crisis, which had reduced pay rates.
The report comes as a ruling on a closely watched case on pay for self-employed drivers for Uber is expected.
Adam Corlett, economic analyst at the Resolution Foundation, said that almost five million UK workers were self-employed - about one in seven workers and a record high.
They included construction workers, hairdressers, taxi drivers, tutors and IT consultants, he said.
"But while the self-employed workforce is getting bigger, typical earnings are actually lower than they were 20 years ago," Mr Corlett said.
According to the research, average self-employed wages were £240 a week in the 2014-15 financial year - the most recent period for which data is available - down from about £300 a week in 1994-95.
The Resolution Foundation - a think tank that aims to improve pay for families - partly blamed the changing nature of the self-employed workforce.
The foundation said that many more people had taken up lower-paid jobs in the so-called "gig economy", essentially self-employed workers taking on a variety of different roles, while the proportion of self-employed business owners with their own staff had fallen. The number of hours worked by the self-employed had also declined.
It said this had limited wage growth before the financial crash, but that pay had been "squeezed" in real terms after 2006-7, falling £100 a week by 2013-14.
"While returns may have increased slightly in 2014-15, many workers are still feeling the painful effects of the financial crisis," Mr Corlett said.
"With so many self-employed workers earning so little, it is right the government investigate how public policy should catch up to meet the needs of these workers."
TUC general secretary Frances O'Grady said: "Britain's new generation of self-employed workers are not all the budding entrepreneurs ministers like to talk about.
"While some choose self-employment, many are forced into it because there is no alternative work. Self-employment today too often means low pay and fewer rights at work."
A Department for Business spokesperson said the government was "committed to building an economy that works for everyone".
"While the National Living Wage has given one million workers a pay rise, the Prime Minister has made clear the labour market must support and protect all workers," they said.
"That is why she has asked Matthew Taylor to lead a review of how changing employment practices affect job security, workplace rights and opportunities for progression."
Some companies have recently been accused of taking advantage of self-employed staff.
Taxi app firm Uber is awaiting the outcome of a employment tribunal after two of its drivers claimed it was acting unlawfully by not paying holiday or sick pay.
The US company says it has 40,000 drivers in the UK, so the result could have a significant impact on its costs.
Meanwhile, takeaway delivery firm Deliveroo faced protests in August after saying it would pay its self-employed drivers per delivery, rather than on an hourly basis.
The firm, which was also criticised by the Department for Business, soon backtracked and made the scheme optional.


A study of ancient DNA has shed new light on European genetic history.

It confirms that farming spread across Europe due to the influx of ancient people from what is now eastern Turkey.
Many modern Europeans owe their taller stature to these early farmers - and a later influx of Bronze Age "horsemen" - say international researchers.
In the study, researchers mapped the genes of 273 ancient people who lived in West Europe and Asia from about 8,500 to 2,500 years ago.
Of these, 26 were part of a population that gave rise to Europe's first farmers.
Prof Ron Pinhasi of the School of Archaeology at University College Dublin, a lead researcher on the study, said: "We now have the first clear evidence that agriculture in Europe started with the first farmers coming from what is now Turkey.
"This is very exciting because there's been a dispute for the last 40 years over whether that's the case or not.
"Some have argued that it was diffusion of ideas but not of people. We now have the evidence that it was actually movement of people."
The study, published in the journal, Nature, adds to growing evidence that two events in prehistoric times have had a big impact on the genetic make-up of modern Europeans.
The first was the arrival of an ancestral "tribe" of early farmers from Anatolia around 8,500 years ago.
The later arrival of a tribe of ancient "horsemen" in Bronze Age times also shaped the genes of modern Europeans.
Both had an influence on the way genes for skin colour, eye colour and susceptibility to various diseases were shaped in prehistoric times.
Two populations appear to have had an impact on the height of Europeans - early farmers and horse-riding herders called the Yamnaya who entered Europe from the eastern Steppe region - in present day Ukraine and Russia - about 5,000 years ago.
Prof Pinhasi told BBC News. "Early farmers were already tall when they came into Europe.
"Part of the modern day higher stature - for example in Northern Central Europe - has its origins in the first farmers coming from Turkey into Europe."
Most modern Europeans have a genetic make-up that suggests they are descended from three ancient "tribes" - western hunter gatherers, early European farmers and "horsemen" known as the Yamnaya.
The first layer of European ancestry, the hunter-gatherers, entered Europe before the Ice Age 40,000 years ago.
But 7,000 years ago, they were swept up in a migration of people from the Middle East, who introduced farming to Europe, followed 2,000 years later by the Yamnaya.
Eppie Jones of Trinity College Dublin, co- researcher on the study, said: "This paper is taking our journey back in time ever further.
"It is looking at our genes and how the interactions and innovations through history have shaped who Europeans are today."


Google is taking a stake in a Silicon Valley-based robotics company that has yet to reveal its first product.

Savioke's work may be under wraps, but it has announced plans to begin customer trials of a service industry-targeted machine this year.
Google has acquired eight other robotics companies outright over the past year.
Its latest investment may be relatively small but experts say that it should boost confidence in the sector.
Savioke has disclosed a total $2m (Â£1.2m) of seed finance, which includes cash from other sources in addition to an undisclosed sum from Google Ventures, the search giant's investment arm.
Savioke was only established last year. However, its chief executive, Steve Cousins, has previous experience in the sector, having launched the PR2 robot - a machine targeted at robotics software developers wishing to try out their code.
"We have decided that it is time for robots to become available widely in the service industry," Mr Cousins told the BBC.
"We're not ready to quite disclose what we are going to be doing, but we believe the technology is ripe and this industry is largely untapped.
"There's a few examples of robots in hospitals that are extensions of a surgeon, but what we are looking at is a little bit more what people traditionally think of as robots - autonomous entities that can do things on their own and can help people out."
Although he declined to say which sectors would be targeted, his company's website lists hotels, elderly care facilities, hospitals and restaurants as possibilities.
Mr Cousins was keen to stress that the deal involved Google Ventures - a unit that operates independently of the rest of the California-based company and whose stated goal is to fund the "best companies" rather than ones that are strategic to Google's other operations.
However, GV's previous stake in Nest ultimately resulted in Google paying $3.2bn to add the smart thermostat-maker to its main business, and Mr Cousins did not rule out the possibility of his company following a similar path.
"In the end, what we want to see is robots out in the world helping people," he said.
"So, whatever 'exit strategy' leads us to that goal is what we are all about."
Google's interest in robotics was preceded by that of Amazon.
The web retailer paid $775m in 2012 to buy Kiva Systems, a company specialising in robots used to move goods in warehouses.
Venture capitalists said the two big companies actions' were now fuelling interest from others.
"One of the big questions when you do a robotics deal had always been who is going to buy it if this thing doesn't go public," said tech investor Paul Kedrosky.
"It was never obvious. Now that Amazon and Google have self-identified as acquirers, it makes doing robotics deals pretty exciting."
Mike Maples, co-founder of Floodgate Ventures, agreed the sector had become more attractive.
"In the last few years, it has become clear that the computer industry is no longer primarily about computers - whether it's post-PC devices, internet of things, self-driving cars, wearables or robots - an entirely new digital industry is emerging where computers fade into the background but digital is everywhere," he said.
"Google's move into robotics will make it even more attractive to start-up investors because it accelerates the creation of a new category of opportunities."
British engineering company Dyson recently announced that it was investing Â£5m in a robotics lab at Imperial College London.
One roboticist said he expected more deals would follow.
"It's pretty clear that with an ageing population there is a fantastic business opportunity for creating technology that is not only going to improve people's quality of life but also extend their working lives," said Prof Chris Melhuish, director of Bristol Robotics Laboratory.


Scientists in Australia have produced a "tractor beam" in a water tank.

They can control the movement of a floating ping-pong ball just by making a specific pattern of waves.
By changing the pattern, they moved the ball around the tank in various ways, including pulling it closer like the famous beam from science fiction.
The findings, published in the journal Nature Physics, have the potential to help contain oil spills or control and retrieve other floating debris.
"No one could have guessed this result," said Dr Horst Punzmann, who led the project at the Australian National University in Canberra.
"We have figured out a way of creating waves that can force a floating object to move against the direction of the wave."
Dr Punzmann and his colleagues used a very fast videocamera to record the water movements that resulted from a range of different shapes, plunged in and out of the water at various speeds.
They also covered the surface with floating tracer particles that allowed them to see the direction of currents on the water surface, which are distinct from the patterns of the waves themselves.
Simply dropping a cylindrical wave-maker - a bit like a long rolling pin - in and out of the water, gently, produces a predictable set of waves undulating away from the disturbance. The current on the water surface also travels away from the middle of the cylinder.
But if the size of the up-and-down movement is increased, that wave pattern breaks up into choppier pulses. At the same time, the central current switches direction, so that something floating near the middle of the tank can be pulled back towards the wave-maker.
As well as this relatively simple "tractor beam" effect, the team created and modelled various other flow changes that meant they could effectively move a ping-pong ball around their tank at will.
"We can engineer surface flows of practically any shape," said Prof Michael Shats, the paper's senior author. "These could be vortices, these could be  outward and inward jets - it's a variety of different flow configurations."
Prof Shats explained that his team started their tank experiments after they realised just how complicated the maths involved must be.
"We realised that particle motion on the surface, determined by waves, is far too complex to handle by any existing theory."
The researchers believe their discovery could be applied in open water. "The applications could be numerous," said Prof Shats said. "For example, collecting floating objects, manipulating small boats on the surface, or maybe collecting oil spills."
"It's one of the great unresolved problems, yet anyone in the bathtub can reproduce it," Dr Punzmann said. "We were very surprised no one had described it before."
Recreating the tractor beam at bath time could prove a rather exhausting challenge, however. The machine used in the lab created waves of precise heights at a rate of between 10 and 100 every second.


A team of traditional Maasai cricketers in Kenya has broken with tradition to fight against female genital mutilation (FGM).

15 July 2016 Last updated at 08:14 BST
Some Maasai communities still believe that FGM - when parts of a girl's genitals are removed - should be continued as some see it as a cultural rite of passage marking when a girl becomes a woman and can marry.
Maasai Cricket Warriors captain Sonyanga Ole Ngais tells the BBC how he and his team-mates are trying to discourage the custom by refusing to marry girls who have undergone the brutal procedure.


A US technology firm has developed a drone that is able to aim and fire at enemies while flying in mid-air.

The Tikad drone, developed by Duke Robotics, is armed with a machine-gun and a grenade launcher.
The gun can be fired only by remote control, and is designed to reduce military casualties by cutting the number of ground troops required.
But campaigners warn that in the wrong hands, it will make it easier to kill innocent people.
The Tikad drone, available for private sale at an undisclosed price, has won a security innovation award from the US Department of Defense, and there is interest from several military forces around the world, including Israel, reports Defense One.
According to the firm's website, two of the three co-founders of Duke Robotics worked for the Israel Defense Forces and the third at Israel Aerospace Industries.
"As a former Special Mission Unit commander, I have been in the battlefield for many years," said CEO Raziel Atuar.
"Over the last few years, we have seen how the needs of our troops in our battlefield have changed."
However, robotics expert Professor Noel Sharkey expressed concern that gun-toting drones could make it easier to kill innocent people.
"Big military drones traditionally have to fly thousands of feet overhead to get to targets, but these smaller drones could easily fly down the street to apply violent force," he told the BBC.
"This is my biggest worry since there have been many legal cases of human-rights violations using the large fixed-wing drones, and these could potentially result in many more."
For the past decade, Prof Sharkey has been campaigning against killer robots, which are fully autonomous, computer-powered weapons that would be able to track and select targets without human supervision.
Together with the Campaign To Stop Killer Robots, a coalition of over 60 international NGOs including Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International and the Nobel Women's Initiative, Sharkey has been lobbying the United Nations to ban autonomous weapons.
However, the machine-gun on board the Duke Robotics device still has to be controlled remotely by a human operator.
According to Prof Sharkey, some US military officials are concerned that although the US might follow the laws of war, terrorists could easily look at drone innovations and copy the idea to kill innocent people.
"We already know that Islamic State is using drones laden with explosives to kill people. What's to stop them from getting their hands on this? Copying has not been possible with big military drones, but once you get the idea that you can strap automatic weapons onto one and operate it remotely, that's very much easier," he said.
"This type of weapon is another dangerous step towards the development of fully autonomous weapons that could hunt down targets and kill them without human supervision."


German potato lovers will soon have to put up with shorter chips and smaller crisps, the country's Farmers' Association (DBV) has warned.

The current heat wave is producing smaller potatoes, DBV spokeswoman Verena Telaar told the BBC.
"The potatoes are just not growing as they normally would," Ms Telaar said.
"As a result, this year's harvest will not produce enough potatoes of the size needed for fries and crisps."
In order to be turned into chips, spuds have to be 5cm wide and 10cm long, Ms Telaar explained.
Farmers expect to produce up to 30% less of the larger potato varieties than in an average year.
However, it is still unclear if they will be able to minimise their financial losses by charging higher prices.
"The contracts between producers and the industry have been signed before this crisis," Ms Telaar said. "Farmers are now trying to renegotiate those contracts".


A man in his 40's has died following a road traffic collision in Aughnacloy, County Tyrone.

The deceased was the driver of a white coloured van that was involved in a collision on the Tullyvar Road shortly before 20.30 BST on Saturday.
The road was closed for a time but has now reopened.
Police are appealing for anyone who witnessed the collision to contact police.


Jason Greenslade and Les Gillett won the World Indoor bowls pairs title at Hopton-on-Sea, Norfolk.

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Welshman Greenslade and his English team-mate Gillett beat Welsh pair Dan Salmon and Damian Doubler 7-7, 8-6.
Greenslade, from Cardiff, clinched the match with a dramatic wood - walking alongside the bowl and shouting encouragement as it went.
Asked how he felt as he played the shot, he said: "I just hoped and prayed . . . and thought 'don't be short'."
Gillett commented: "I never even watched, because anything can happen with Jason.
"I'm just really pleased for him."
Salmon and Doubler beat Jamie Chestney and Mark Davies 7-8, 9-1, 1-2 to reach the final.
Greenslade and Gillett saw off David Gourlay and Mervyn King 8-4, 3-7, 1-2 to set up their title chance.


Ex-BBC broadcaster Stuart Hall has been sentenced to an extra two years and six months in prison for two counts of indecently assaulting a girl.

Hall, 84, from Wilmslow, Cheshire, will start the sentence after completing a 30-month term for similar offences.
He admitted indecently assaulting the girl when she was 13 and was found guilty of one count in a majority jury verdict at Preston Crown Court.
He was cleared of 15 rape charges and four indecent assaults.
The charge Hall admitted involved an incident at a dinner party where he crept into his victim's bedroom and assaulted her.
Sentencing him, Mr Justice Turner, said there had been "an element of grooming" to his offences.
Mr Justice Turner said there had been a "breach of trust" in relation to the assault on the girl when she was 13.
He said that Hall had acted with "a sense of arrogance and immunity... vile bravado and horrible betrayal".
He added that the 84-year-old had shown "a lack of candour or remorse" and criticised him for not admitting to these offences when he was convicted of other offences in 2013.
Hall did not react to the sentence as he listened to the proceedings through headphones, while his victim, who was also in court, wiped away tears with a handkerchief as details of the offences were mentioned.
The former broadcaster, who was accused of abusing two girls between 1976 and 1981, is already serving a 30-month jail term after he pleaded guilty to indecently assaulting 13 other girls, one as young as nine.
His original 15-month sentence, for abuse that occurred between 1967 and 1985, was later doubled at the Court of Appeal.
Speaking after the hearing, the Chief Crown Prosecutor for the North West, Nazir Afzal, said Hall's convictions "were only made possible by the courage of his victims".
"I would like to thank them for coming forward and ensuring that he was brought to justice," he said.


On 16 January 2017 a cargo plane flying from Hong Kong to Istanbul crash-landed just outside the main airport for Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

As well as all four crew members, at least 33 people on the ground were killed. Locals said entire families had been wiped out in the disaster.
The images are horrific, but it's reassuring to know accidental plane crashes in residential areas are incredibly rare, a fact largely attributable to pilot training.
"The rules of flying in an emergency are first you aviate, then you navigate, then you communicate," says Greg Waldron, Asia managing editor at Flight Global.
In other words, the pilot's priority is keeping the plane in the air, then working out the route, then telling everyone what's going on, though all of this can happen very quickly.
"Pilots will always avoid coming down in a civilian area if they can, but situations during these instances can be very intense and hectic," says Mr Waldron.
"A lot will depend on how much control they have over the aircraft."
This was the case, for example, with Chesley Sullenberger, aka Sully, who was flying an Airbus 320 over New York in January 2009 when its engines were disabled by a bird strike.
He made the quick calculation that he could not risk diverting to a nearby airport, as the plane could come down on populated areas, and so landed in the middle of the Hudson River.
After an investigation, he was judged to have made the right decision, which saved the lives of 155 people on board and possibly numerous more on the ground.
A similar incident in Taiwan in February 2015 saw a TransAsia flight crashing in a river in the middle of Taipei. Dramatic images showed the plane narrowly missing cars on a busy bridge as it came down. Forty-three people died.
It was later discovered that one engine had malfunctioned and the crew accidentally shut down the working engine instead. It remains unclear whether the river landing was pilot skill or chance, says Mr Waldron.
These incidents happened in daytime and in good flying conditions, but the situation can be very different if flying at night, as the Turkish airline crew were this week, he says.
The two-man crew of a Bombardier freighter which crashed in Norway in 2016, experienced "spatial disorientation" after getting confusing technical readings about their height and speed while flying at night, the official investigation found.
They did the right thing but, "guided by the erroneous information", flew straight into a mountain, killing them both.
The Kyrgyzstan government has been quick to blame the Bishkek crash on pilot error, but with debris still strewn across the ground, it's far too soon to make that assessment, says Mr Waldron.
Studying the plane's flight deck recorder black box data will be crucial to finding out what the crew was going through and how it could be avoided in the future.
But Mr Waldron is keen to stress that despite the horror of such catastrophes, flying remains an extremely safe mode of transport.
On 30 June 2015, an Indonesian Hercules military plane crashed in a densely populated area shortly after taking off from Medan airport in northern Sumatra.
Most of those killed were on board, but at least 17 people died on the ground.
Medan had had a similar disaster 10 years before, when a Boeing 737 crashed after taking-off from Polonia airport. Nearly 50 local residents died. A hundred passengers and crew died, though there were some survivors.
In November 2012 an Ilyushin-76 cargo plane hit trees on landing at Maya-Maya airport in Brazzaville, the capital of the Republic of Congo.
The plane careered off the runway into nearby buildings before plunging into a ravine. Most of the 32 people who died were on the ground.
In March 2011, 14 people died on the ground, along with nine on board, when a cargo plane fell on a residential area in Pointe-Noire, also in Congo.
A Dana Air plane carrying 153 people crashed into buildings in Nigeria's largest city in June 2012 after an engine failure.
Everyone on board died, while the final death toll among non-passengers was 10.
On 4 November 2008, a light aircraft carrying Mexican Interior Minister Juan Camilo Mourino among its nine passengers crashes in the financial district of Mexico City. Seven people died on the ground.
American Airlines Flight 587 broke up mid-air after taking off from New York JFK airport in November 2001. It came down on houses on the borough of Queens, causing a fire which burned several homes.
As well as 251 passengers and crew, five people died on the ground in the second-worst aviation disaster in US history. Despite fears it had been a terror attack, the investigation blamed pilot error.
Reporting by Anna Jones
This list is not comprehensive and does not include incidents of terrorism


A group of parents whose children have special needs is threatening legal action against an academy school in Trafford after accusing it of "discrimination".

The Dean Trust which runs Ashton on Mersey in Sale wants to send the pupils to Broadoak School in Partington.
Parents claim this would be "unlawful" as their children's Educational Health and Care Plan (EHC) states that they should attend Ashton on Mersey.
The trust said it was "oversubscribed".
Parents have contacted a solicitor who has written a formal pre-action letter to the school outlining their legal position.
If the school does not respond to the letter by Friday parents will issue judicial review proceedings, James Betts from Simpson Millar Solicitors said.
Deborah Keay's 11-year-old son Samuel who has autism has been told he will be one of the pupils with special needs taken by bus to Broadoak, also run by the Dean Trust.
She said the change would be very stressful and upsetting for her son.
"I wanted him to go to a mainstream school, but a mainstream school that had quite a number of years of dealing with children on the autism spectrum.
"I know and understand they are a victim of their own success but, at the end of the day, my child's school named on his EHC is Ashton on Mersey. It is not Broadoak and it is not the Dean Trust."
Mr Betts, who is representing seven of the families, said the school is legally obliged to admit those pupils under section 43 of the Children's and Families Act 2014.
"The school is still a separate legal entity and so, in the EHC, it would say Ashton on Mersey school... so that is clearly the school that they are under a legal duty to allow them to attend."
Councillor John Lamb, chair of governors at Ashton on Mersey School, said it already provided just under 8% of its school places to students with special educational needs.
"If you think about a comparable neighbouring school that same figure is under 1%."
He assured parents: "We would provide at Broadoak, as we do here, that specialised care and attention that those children deserve and need."
Trafford Council said: "Where the parent of a child with a draft educational healthcare plan expresses a preference for an academy... the council will name it in the final plan, unless, after consulting the school's governing body, one of the statutory exceptions are made out."
The Regional School Commissioner is responsible for ensuring all Academies continue to meet their statutory requirements, it added.


Australia coach Darren Lehmann has backed Michael Clarke as captain before the World Cup, saying he is "sick" of speculation about the batsman's future.

Clarke has been out with a hamstring injury and reports have suggested his future as skipper is in doubt.
"He's captain of Australia, the second most important position behind the prime minister and as such, we need our captain playing well," Lehmann said.
The World Cup, co-hosted by Australia and New Zealand, starts on 14 February.
Steve Smith has flourished as stand-in skipper in 33-year-old Clarke's absence, but the coach told Australian radio station FiveAA he was "looking forward" to his regular captain's return.
"He played grade cricket on the weekend which is great," he said. "I had a good chat to him and he pulled up really well from the grade game.
"He's ahead of schedule and I think he's said that in the press as well. Fingers crossed he might be.
"I'm sick of it," added Lehmann, who also denied rumours of a rift with Clarke. "We all get on, that's the great thing. Media can say what they like.
"From our point of view we want our captain fit, which is great leading into the most important tournament for four years.
"We've got the World Cup, the West Indies tour and the Ashes [in July and August], and we want him ready to go because he leads this side very well."


The US is buying 32 tonnes of heavy water, which is used in some nuclear reactors, from Iran.

The US State Department said the $8.6m (Â£6m) purchase was designed to help Iran meet its obligations under the nuclear deal signed last year.
Officials said the heavy water, which can also be used to produce weapons-grade plutonium, would be resold for research purposes.
The move has already attracted criticism from US Republicans.
Paul Ryan, the speaker of the House of Representatives, said it was "another unprecedented concession to the world's leading state-sponsor of terrorism".
Iran nuclear deal - key details
Back in business, for now
Will Iran get a McDonald's?
The heavy water will initially be stored at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee before being resold.
Under the nuclear deal, Iran is allowed to use heavy water in its modified Arak nuclear reactor, but must sell any excess supply of both heavy water and enriched uranium on the international market.
In a statement, the US Energy Department said the US would not automatically buy Iranian heavy water in the future, saying it was Iran's responsibility to find a way to meet its commitments.
Meanwhile, US Secretary of State John Kerry was due to meet Iranian Foreign Minister Javad Zarif to discuss Iranian concerns that sanctions relief promised under the deal has not materialised.
The US has ruled out giving Iran access to the US financial system or direct access to dollars.
Iran also remains under other US sanctions over its alleged ballistic missile activity, support for violent organisations and human rights abuses


Once a week they gather, beneath the same tree in the same park - to remember.

For years it has been their ritual - women who lost children and husbands in 30 years of armed conflict between the Kurds and the Turkish state.
I meet them in Diyarbakir - the final stop of our election trip across Turkey.
Age and exhaustion are etched on their faces. One wears a necklace with a picture of her missing children. Another has a bracelet bearing the Kurdish flag.
"Turkey doesn't think we Kurds are humans", says Sakine Arat, 80, who lost four sons and one daughter in the fighting.  "We've tried all the political parties but none sided with us. Now we've found one - the HDP - that treats us as equals. So we will vote for it."
The People's Democratic Party (HDP) is the one to watch in Turkey's election on Sunday.
Its roots and support base are Kurdish but it has broadened out, becoming a powerful voice of the Turkish left.
Its candidates used to run as independents, winning a handful of seats. But this time, the HDP is a single, united party - and polls show it could cross the 10% threshold to get into parliament, potentially gaining dozens of MPs and depriving Turkey's governing AKP of a majority.
That would stop President Recep Tayyip Erdogan from changing the constitution to give himself more powers with an executive presidency - and is one reason why staunch Erdogan opponents are drawn to the HDP.
"Turkish soldiers burnt my home four times," says Dilsah Ozgen, 76, who lost her husband and two sons. "I believe in our HDP. We will pass the 10% and drown Erdogan in a flood of votes," she says.
There are around 15 million Kurds in Turkey - 20% of the population.
For decades they were repressed, their identity denied: "There is no such thing as Kurds; they are simply mountain Turks," was the official refrain.
In the 1980s, the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) was formed, waging a three-decade insurgency against the Turkish state, some fighting for greater autonomy, others for independence.
Forty-thousand people died. The group is still labelled a terrorist organisation by Turkey, the US and EU.
Peace is fresh. Although conditions for Kurds have improved, the fragile ceasefire has been shaken by clashes as the peace process has stalled and the government has hardened its nationalist rhetoric.
Many Kurds who supported the AKP have now shifted allegiance to the HDP.
I join a local HDP candidate, Ziya Pir, at a Diyarbakir cultural centre.
Around him, supporters play traditional instruments and perform songs in both Kurdish and Turkish, appropriately enough for a candidate who is not actually Kurdish.
It epitomises the message of unity, of cultural crossover, that the HDP is trying to spread.
"I'm Turkish - from the Black Sea - and initially people asked me: 'Why are you joining a Kurdish party?'" says Mr Pir. "But I told them it is not a Kurdish party; it is Turkish. We want a Turkey in which all people can find themselves".
His uncle, Kemal, was a founder of the PKK. But he insists there is no link.
"I am not my uncle," he says. "The HDP has no relationship with the PKK. We want to make peace. I look into the eyes of people in Turkey and see no hope. I want to bring back hope."
There is a widespread feeling that if the HDP does not pass the 10% threshold, Kurdish anger will boil over - as many will believe the results are rigged.
"We need our representatives in parliament or I fear there will be a risk of going back to the 1990s - not a conflict between the PKK and the Turkish army, but between Kurdish people and the army," says Mr Pir.
The HDP's rise is partly down to its strong social democratic message, which also appeals to non-Kurds.
With two charismatic leaders, male and female, and many women candidates, it is promoting gender equality in a patriarchal society. It is also focused on green and LGBT rights, fielding Turkey's first openly gay candidate.
On top of Diyarbakir's ancient city walls, I meet loyal supporters of what they call Turkey's first truly democratic party.
"I'm a gay guy and nobody has supported my rights until the HDP," says Atalay Gocer. "Finally I have a voice."
Nurcan Baysal tells me she feels hope when she looks at the HDP. "Every day in Turkey, women's rights are being eroded. If the HDP wins, women will win," she says.
In the mid-morning sun, crowds pack central Diyarbakir for the funeral of a female Kurdish soldier who died fighting so-called Islamic State militants in Syria.
Her coffin is carried through the streets draped in a Kurdish flag, some wailing in grief, others chanting "martyrs never die".
The Kurdish resistance in Syria and Iraq has re-energised their community here in Turkey, revived the struggle for a Kurdish identity. And that is at the heart of what they're fighting for in this election.
Follow the BBC News journey around Turkey ahead of the election using the hashtag #bbcturkey15.


Graeme McDowell and Darren Clarke both missed the cut by some distance at the Masters after failing to break 80 on a day of tough conditions at Augusta.

McDowell, who looked well placed after an opening 72, hit an 81 which included eight bogeys and a double bogey and missed the cut by three shots.
Clarke, possibly playing in his final Masters round, slumped to an 84 which included four double bogeys.
The European Ryder Cup captain's 160 total was 10 outside the cut mark.
Clarke's round got off to a bad start as he double bogeyed the opening hole and his fate was sealed by a run of three more double bogeys and a bogey from the 11th.
The 47-year-old's five-year exemption for the all the game's four majors following his 2011 Open championship triumph will expire after the US Open at Oakmount in June.
But while McDowell, 36, and Clarke suffered disappointing exits, their compatriot Rory McIlroy is well placed to complete the career Grand Slam as he goes into the third round a shot behind leader and defending champion Jordan Spieth.
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A quarter of British holidaymakers feel nervous at the thought of having to speak the local language when they go abroad, a poll suggests.

The survey of more than 2,000 UK adults for the British Council found 40% were embarrassed by their language skills.
But nearly two-thirds (65%) thought it was important to learn a few local words or phrases before going abroad.
The poll comes as exam regulator Ofqual notes a decline this summer in A-level and GCSE entries for languages.
While other traditional subjects have seen a rise in entries this year, Ofqual said languages were continuing to fall in popularity.
The Russell Group of research intensive universities said this further fall in the number of students studying foreign languages was concerning.
"Languages are vitally important to the UK if it is to be fully engaged with the world," said the group's director general Dr Wendy Piatt.
The British Council poll found a quarter (25%)  of the 2,098 UK adults surveyed said the thought of having to speak a language on holiday made them feel nervous.
Over a third (36%) said they relied on the assumption that everyone would speak English in the country they are visiting.
Just under a fifth (19%) said they would  choose a holiday destination where they knew they would not have to communicate in another language.
Only 16% of those surveyed said that they could speak a foreign language to a high level.
But almost half  (48%) said they enjoyed trying out their language skills while on holiday.
Mark Herbert, head of schools programmes at the British Council, said: "While it's good to see that Brits are generally willing to have a go at speaking the local language when on holiday, too many of us still rely too heavily on English while abroad.
"The reality is that speaking a foreign language doesn't just help you to get the most out of your holiday - it is a rewarding way to connect with another culture and, with employers now crying out for more language skills, it can boost your job prospects too.
"Ultimately having more of us being able to speak at least a little of a foreign language is good for the UK's long-term competitiveness in the increasingly globalised world."
The Association for Language Learning said learning a language was not just important for education and skills, but also for the economy,  security and community relations.
President of the association, RenÃ© Koglbauer, said: "At times of fear of 'otherness', it is crucial to emphasise the importance of language learning and its unique contribution to broadening the minds of our youngsters, their awareness of cultural differences and their critical appraisal of misconceptions."


Britain's CJ Ujah ran under 10 seconds in Rabat, Morocco, to set a new meeting record and secure his third 100m Diamond League win of the season.

Ujah, 23, achieved a season's best of 9.98 seconds and beat the record of 10.12 held by American Justin Gatlin.
Ivory Coast's Ben Youssef Meite was second (10:01) with fellow Briton Nethaneel Mitchell Blake (10:18) in third place.
Ujah also won the 100m at the Rome and London meetings this year.
His personal best is 9.96, achieved in July 2015.
In the men's high jump, Britain's Robbie Grabarz finished second behind Andriy Protsenko with a leap of 2.27m.
There was a season's best time of 20:22 seconds for Zharnel Hughes in the 200m, the Brit coming third behind by American Ameer Webb (20:18) and Andre De Grasse of Canada (20:03)
Eilidh Doyle clocked a time of 54.92 seconds to come third for GB in the 400m hurdles, won by Zuzana Hejnova of the Czech Republic (54.22).


The US, UK and France have urged the UN to begin air drops of humanitarian aid to besieged areas in Syria.

They said the Syrian government had failed to respect the 1 June deadline for widespread aid distribution agreed by world and regional powers.
Only a small amount of aid was delivered on Wednesday and a convoy to the town of Darayya near Damascus did not carry food.
The UN Security Council will meet on Friday to discuss the air drops.
Syrian town in 'extremely dire' state
What's left of Syria?
US State Department spokesman John Kirby said hundreds of thousands of Syrians needed "sustained and regular" access to aid.
He said the UN food agency, the World Food Programme, had briefed the US on how the air drops could be carried out.
Meanwhile British Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond described the limited access for aid allowed on the day of the deadline agreed by the International Syria Support group (ISSG) as "cynical".
"While air drops are complex, costly and risky, they are now the last resort to relieve human suffering across many besieged areas," he said.
The US and UK called on Russia and Iran, which back the Syrian government, to use their influence to ensure the air drops could proceed safely.
Russia said the arrival of Wednesday's aid convoys was a positive step.
The ISSG, co-chaired by the US and Russia, comprises 17 world and regional powers, as well the Arab League, the European Union and the United Nations.
In April, the UN said at least 4,000 people were besieged in Darayya by Syrian government forces, which have surrounded the suburb for four years.
The Darayya convoy - the first since November 2012 - contained vaccines, baby milk, medicine and nutritional goods.
Separately, the rebel-held town of Muadhamiya, north-west of Darayya, received deliveries of food parcels and wheat flour on Wednesday, a month since aid convoys last visited.
Darayya's electricity supply was cut off more than three years ago.
UN emergency relief co-ordinator Stephen O'Brien said in April that the Syrian government had ignored "countless" requests for aid to be allowed in.
An aid convoy was blocked from entering the town last month, despite all involved parties agreeing aid could be delivered.
The latest delivery was made by teams from the UN, the International Committee of the Red Cross and the Syrian Red Crescent.
Russia's defence ministry said on Wednesday it had agreed a pause with the Syrian authorities for 48 hours to allow for the distribution of humanitarian aid in Darayya.
It borders a military airport used by Russian planes in support of the government of President Bashar al-Assad.
It was one of the first towns to report demonstrations against the Assad regime, and has been under siege since late 2012. The UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported clashes this week between rebel groups and government fighters on the outskirts of Darayya.
The UN believes there are more than 4.6m people living in hard-to-reach areas in Syria, including nearly 600,000 in besieged areas.


Andreas Weimann got the only goal against Rotherham as Wolves edged to a nervy first win in eight games.

Wolves keeper Carl Ikeme twice rescued his side with saves from Danny Ward before Weimann scored in first-half injury time.
That came 10 minutes after Rotherham keeper Lewis Price had saved Helder Costa's penalty.
But Wolves could not add to their lead and, but for a poor late miss by Semi Ajayi, Rotherham would have drawn.
Defeat for the Millers leaves the Championship's bottom club still with only one away point this season.
Wolves' first victory since winning at Barnsley on 31 January, three days after their FA Cup win at Liverpool, leaves Paul Lambert's side still just a point clear of trouble.
The hosts could have been two goals down inside the first 20 minutes after lone Millers striker Ward was twice sent clear, the first thanks to a careless misplaced pass from Romain Saiss. But keeper Ikeme twice repelled the threat, as Ward fired straight at him each time.
Wolves wasted a chance to go one up on 34 minutes when, having himself gone down under Joe Mattock's challenge, Costa took a weak penalty that was saved at a comfortable height to his left by Rotherham keeper Price.
But on the stroke of half-time, Weimann chased an apparently lost cause, won possession and rounded Price before tucking the ball into an empty net.
Seconds later, he clattered into full-back Will Vaulks with an inflammatory challenge right in front of the away dugout that ended up with a booking for Weimann and a lengthy lecture for both managers from referee Jeremy Simpson.
The second half was a more open affair, with chances at either end before centre-half Ajayi's late miss.
Wolves head coach Paul Lambert: "We have been playing better than that every week but losing.
We have won the game and that is all that matters, I would absolutely take winning the game and playing badly.
"I am sick to death of playing well but losing games that we have dominated. We were very nervy at the end when their lad has had a chance but I am just pleased with the win.
"That is four points from the last two games, which I felt was a minimum requirement and it's two clean sheets which is a bonus.
"We have got to try and win our game in hand on Tuesday now to give us more breathing space."
Rotherham interim boss Paul Warne: "I was pleased with the performance but not the result. We were really well prepared for the game, the lads were really well motivated.
"I thought we were the better team, we created three really good chances and the one at the end would have got us a really good away point and would have been a nice bit of sugar for us.
"Unfortunately we didn't and people will think it is the same old story, but it wasn't. I don't think we deserved to lose."
Match ends, Wolverhampton Wanderers 1, Rotherham United 0.
Second Half ends, Wolverhampton Wanderers 1, Rotherham United 0.
Attempt missed. Semi Ajayi (Rotherham United) right footed shot from very close range is too high.
Corner,  Wolverhampton Wanderers. Conceded by Lee Frecklington.
Corner,  Wolverhampton Wanderers. Conceded by Joe Mattock.
Conor Coady (Wolverhampton Wanderers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Lee Frecklington (Rotherham United).
Joe Mattock (Rotherham United) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Morgan Gibbs-White (Wolverhampton Wanderers) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Joe Mattock (Rotherham United).
Attempt missed. Semi Ajayi (Rotherham United) header from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Will Vaulks with a cross.
Foul by George Saville (Wolverhampton Wanderers).
Jerry Yates (Rotherham United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. Morgan Gibbs-White (Wolverhampton Wanderers) left footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by David Edwards.
Substitution, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Ivan Cavaleiro replaces Ben Marshall.
Offside, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Ben Marshall tries a through ball, but Andreas Weimann is caught offside.
Substitution, Rotherham United. Alex Bray replaces Anthony Forde.
Andreas Weimann (Wolverhampton Wanderers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Lee Frecklington (Rotherham United).
Substitution, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Morgan Gibbs-White replaces Jack Price.
Foul by David Edwards (Wolverhampton Wanderers).
Joe Mattock (Rotherham United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Aimen Belaid (Rotherham United) header from the centre of the box is too high. Assisted by Anthony Forde with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Rotherham United. Conceded by Kortney Hause.
Attempt missed. Jon Taylor (Rotherham United) right footed shot from the left side of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Lee Frecklington following a corner.
Attempt missed. Lee Frecklington (Rotherham United) right footed shot from the right side of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Jon Taylor with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Rotherham United. Conceded by Conor Coady.
Foul by David Edwards (Wolverhampton Wanderers).
Tom Adeyemi (Rotherham United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Romain Saiss (Wolverhampton Wanderers) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Lee Frecklington (Rotherham United).
Attempt blocked. Lee Frecklington (Rotherham United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Jon Taylor.
Attempt missed. Jón Dadi Bödvarsson (Wolverhampton Wanderers) right footed shot from the right side of the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by George Saville following a fast break.
Substitution, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Jón Dadi Bödvarsson replaces Hélder Costa.
Foul by David Edwards (Wolverhampton Wanderers).
Anthony Forde (Rotherham United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt missed. Jerry Yates (Rotherham United) header from the centre of the box is just a bit too high. Assisted by Anthony Forde with a cross.
David Edwards (Wolverhampton Wanderers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Lee Frecklington (Rotherham United).
Attempt saved. David Edwards (Wolverhampton Wanderers) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Hélder Costa with a cross.


Restaurant critic AA Gill has revealed he has been diagnosed with the "full English" of cancers.

The illness prompted his engagement to his partner of 23 years, Nicola Formby, with whom he has two children.
Doctors found he had cancer, which has spread from his lungs to other parts of his body, after he went for an X-ray when people noticed he had lost weight.
Gill, 62, who is having chemotherapy, said he does not "feel cheated" and has been "very lucky" in his life.
The columnist, who is restaurant and TV critic for the Sunday Times, told the paper: "I've got an embarrassment of cancer, the full English.
"There is barely a morsel of offal not included. I have a trucker's gut-buster, gimpy, malevolent, meaty malignancy."
In an interview with the newspaper, he said he was prompted to visit the doctor after people noticed he had lost weight during a family holiday over the summer.
He also found it a struggle to complete his usual climb while stalking in Scotland and was suffering from a pain in his neck.
Doctors found he had a smoking-related cancer which had spread from his lungs - despite him giving up smoking 15 years ago.
The illness has meant he is unable to ride a bike because one tumour affects his balance and he has been banned from flying because he cannot risk infections.
Gill told readers of his column he was revealing his diagnosis because chemotherapy can alter the way things taste, adding: "If ever things start tasting like licked battery terminals, I'll tell you."
The writer, who was previously married to Home Secretary Amber Rudd and with whom he has two grown-up children, said he was "surprisingly excited" to be getting married again to Ms Formby.
He often refers to his partner as "The Blonde" in his restaurant reviews.
Gill told the Sunday Times he felt like he was given a "Willy Wonka golden ticket" to life after giving up drinking when he was 30 due to alcoholism.
"I realise I don't have a bucket list; I don't feel I've been cheated of anything," he said.
"I'd like to have gone to Timbuktu, and there are places I will be sorry not to see again.
"But actually, because of the nature of my life and the nature of what happened to me in my early life - my addiction, I know I have been very lucky."
Gill said he had visited a private doctor and paid for his own X-rays, but wanted to go back into the NHS because of the "connection it brings".
He told the newspaper: "My father would say he didn't want to die in the trench, and I don't want to die in a trench in Harley Street."


A man has pleaded not guilty to smuggling 51 illegal immigrants into the UK through Immingham docks.

Hungarian Laszlo Horvath was arrested after Border Force officers stopped his lorry at North Killingholme, North Lincolnshire on 14 June.  Inside they found 49 Albanians and two Syrians.
Mr Horvath denied the charge of assisting illegal immigration when he appeared at Grimsby Crown Court.
He was released on bail and will stand trial in November.


President Donald Trump has applauded the Bastille Day parade in Paris, where US and French troops marched together down the Champs-Ã‰lysÃ©es.

He was guest of honour as the annual parade this time marked 100 years since the Americans entered World War One.
French President Emmanuel Macron said "nothing will ever separate" France and the US, and Mr Trump's presence showed "a friendship across the ages".
Earlier Mr Macron stood in a military jeep and inspected the troops.
He is now in Nice, attending a commemoration for last year's Bastille Day terrorist attack, in which a Tunisian-born man drove a huge lorry into a celebrating crowd on the beachfront, killing 86 people.
At the start of the ceremony people were honoured for their heroism on the night.
They included Franck Terrier, the man who drove his scooter alongside the speeding lorry and jumped on to its cab, punching the driver through the window in a desperate attempt to force him to stop.
Mr Terrier was given a lengthy ovation and awarded the LÃ©gion d'honneur - France's highest order of merit.
France remains under a state of emergency, following a spate of terror attacks by jihadists.
In Paris earlier, President Trump and First Lady Melania warmly embraced their French counterparts - Mr Macron and his wife Brigitte.
Mr Trump called Bastille Day "a wonderful national celebration".
"Our two nations are forever joined together by the spirit of revolution and the fight for freedom," he said.
Earlier, he suggested he could review his position on climate change, after Mr Macron argued in defence of the 2015 Paris accord.
"Something could happen with respect to the Paris accord," Mr Trump said. "We'll see what happens."
Last month he had said the US would withdraw from the Paris accord, citing moves to negotiate a new "fair" deal that would not disadvantage US businesses.
On Thursday, Melania Trump toured Notre Dame cathedral with Brigitte Macron, and prayed before a statue of the Virgin Mary.


Two burglars who blew up cash machines and stole £40,000 have been jailed.

Matthew Parsons and Andrew Cox, both 26 and from Bristol, targeted branches in Treforest, Rhondda Cynon Taff, and Bridgend, Cardiff Crown Court heard.
Parsons admitted burglary and conspiracy to cause an explosion and was jailed for seven-and-a-half years.
Cox pleaded guilty to burglary, attempted burglary and conspiracy to cause an explosion and was jailed for eight years on Tuesday.
Previously, two other men were jailed for taking part in the same burglaries.
The gang smashed their way into banks using sledgehammers, causing £182,000 worth of damage.
The court heard the blasts sent the safes flying out of the cash machines in the bank walls and across the floor.
Parsons and Cox targeted banks on Treforest Industrial Estate and Bridgend Industrial Estate in 2014.
Recorder of Cardiff, Eleri Rees, said: "If you make good use of your time in prison you could resolve to come out and live a different kind of life, if not for you but for others."


New powers for the Scottish Parliament could be in place shortly after the Holyrood elections in May, according to Scottish Secretary David Mundell.

He was speaking to MSPs after a deal was reached on the fiscal framework underlying increased devolution.
Mr Mundell said there was "no impediment" to the early transfer of powers subject to the passing of the Scotland Bill.
He is expected to give more details of the fiscal agreement to MPs later.
The Scottish Secretary told Holyrood's devolution committee he expected control over income tax to pass to MSPs by April 2017,  in time for the next budget of the new Scottish Parliament.
The time-scale for the transfer of new powers over welfare remains to be agreed by the two governments through the joint ministerial group on welfare, he said.
But he added: "My envisaged timetable is that, subject obviously to parliament bringing forward its legislative consent motion and the Bill proceeding to Royal Assent ahead of the Scottish Parliament elections, a number of the powers will be in place almost immediately after the Scottish Parliament elections.
"One of the other tax powers for example, Air Passenger Duty, can be transferred at the point that the Scottish government has its model ready for that transfer.
"If the arrangements are available shortly after the Scottish Parliament election we would be able to transfer them.
"In relation to the wider powers and the wider tax, we place no impediment in relation to the transfer of those powers."
His comments followed a last-minute agreement on the fiscal framework - the detailed financial arrangements underlying the transfer of more powers from Westminster to Holyrood.
The talks, which began in March 2015, had stalled over different interpretations of a key line of the Smith Commission agreement, which said there should be "no detriment" to either the UK or Scottish budgets as a result of the changes.
First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said the deal, reached after 10 rounds of negotiations, meant "not a single penny of detriment to the Scottish government's budget" for six years, followed by a review of future arrangements.
Chancellor George Osborne said the agreements were "fair to Scotland and fair to taxpayers in the rest of the UK".
Lord Smith of Kelvin, who chaired the cross-party Smith Commission set up after the "No" vote in the 2014 Scottish independence referendum, said the deal on new powers for Holyrood could now be "delivered in full".
He said: "The next term of Scottish parliamentarians will be debating and taking decisions over large parts of Scotland's tax and welfare policy. I believe this will be transformational for our parliament.
"There should be no doubt that this was a highly complex package of measures to agree. It is difficult to imagine a bigger test of inter-governmental relationships and while it was obviously a very tough negotiation, what matters is that an agreement was reached.
"This provides an excellent basis for constructive engagement between the governments long into the future.
"When the Smith Agreement was passed to the prime minister and first minister, both gave their word that they would deliver it into law - they have met that promise in full."


Hundreds of GPs in Northern Ireland have signed undated resignation letters to the NHS, meaning they could begin charging patients directly for appointments in 2017.

A shortage of funding and strains on the workforce have already resulted in the closure of many rural surgeries.
The British Medical Association's Tom Black said GPs have a "huge workload".
He told the BBC's Talkback programme that if GPs did not do something there would be "no GP services".
"There are now fewer GPs per head of the population than there were in the 1950s," said Dr Black.
"There are already rural areas where practices are closing because no one will apply for the jobs.
"Nobody will apply for the jobs because the workload is too huge and there is no workforce, what workforce we have will not go to rural areas.
"This is not about the money - there are just not enough of them (GPs).
"This is not something that's happening in Belfast at the moment or in Derry because that is where the limited workforce are going."
He said the areas that would suffer the most were the south, the west and the south-west of Northern Ireland.
According to the BMA, the shortage of GPs in Northern Ireland is now critical.
Since 2014, hundreds of millions of pounds have been invested in general practice by the Department of Health, but the BMA says this is not enough.
With a growing and ageing population, demand has been growing on general practice, encouraging many doctors to take early retirement.
But Mr Black said this was not what GPs wanted, adding that charging patients would be "a nightmare".


Police will be able to see websites people have visited but not the specific pages they have viewed without a warrant, under new government plans.

Theresa May said the Investigatory Powers Bill will not have some "contentious" parts of the 2012 plan, dubbed a snooper's charter by critics.
The home secretary told the BBC there would be "world-leading" oversight of warrants to access digital records.
Labour said warrants should have to be approved by a judge, not politicians.
The new security bill, to be presented to Parliament on Wednesday, is the latest in a series of attempts to update the law to allow police and security services to access communications data, as more and more takes place online rather than on phones.
BBC political correspondent Ross Hawkins says that, crucially, police sources expect the new bill to require communication firms to retain data on website addresses for a year.
This will mean existing powers allowing authorities to see which websites people have visited become practical to implement for the first time.
Such data would consist of a basic domain address, and not a full browsing history of pages within that site or search terms entered.
For example, police could see that someone visited www.bbc.co.uk - but not the individual pages they viewed.
Mrs May told the BBC's Andrew Marr Show:  "It doesn't have some of the more contentious powers that were in that (2012) bill.
"So, for example we won't be requiring communication service providers from in the UK to store third-party data, we won't be making the same requirements in relation to data retention on overseas CSPs.
"And crucially, we will not be giving powers to go through people's browsing history. That is not what the investigatory powers bill is about."
She said she would set out the "very strong" oversight and "world-beating" authorisation arrangements for warrants to access more intrusive data when the Investigatory Powers Bill goes before MPs.
Some of the more contentious powers proposed in the Coalition government's 2012 version of this bill have been removed after listening to industry figures and civil liberties' groups, Mrs May said.
More than 1,400 warrants authorising more intrusive measures cross the home secretary's desk a year, and she sets aside several hours a day to consider them, she said.
Ministers have looked at all the arguments about handing over this responsibility to independent judges and the decision will be announced on Wednesday, Mrs May added.
"Encryption is important for people to be able to keep themselves safe when they are dealing with these modern communications in the digital age but we will be setting out the current position, which does enable the authorities with proper authorisation to issue warrants," she said.
Former head of GCHQ Sir David Omand has called for internet firms to be forced by law to keep users' browsing history.
He said such data was not for spying on the public but to see "for example, whether a suspect has downloaded a terrorist manual".
Sir David, who was previously director of GCHQ - Britain's communications surveillance centre - said the new legislation did not need to grant "significant new powers".
Shadow home secretary Andy Burnham said there was a "broad acceptance" that a new law was needed and warned against an "over-hysterical" reaction which could leave the UK with an outdated system.
He and Sir Keir Starmer - former director of public prosecutions and current Labour shadow minister - said a judge should be in charge of allowing warrants, not a politician.
Conservative MP David Davis agreed, saying: "It can't be the policeman in the office next door or a spook in the office next door and it can't be the home secretary. It's got to be independent."
Without judicial authorisation, he said, he did not think the bill would get through Parliament.
Former Liberal Democrat leader Lord Ashdown told Sky News's Murnaghan programme that Mrs May's comments suggested the "worst aspects" of the previous version of the bill had been diminished.
But he warned that if the bill imposed blanket surveillance and did not have judicial oversight built in, the Lib Dems would seek to amend it in the House of Lords.
Shami Chakrabarti, director of the civil rights group Liberty, said: "It's a traditional Home Office dance first to ask for the most outrageous, even impractical powers, so that the smallest so-called "concessions" seem more reasonable."
She also criticised the government for failing to include measures that would require judges to be in charge of allowing warrants to gather private communications, and for not moving away from the "blanket collection of our private data".
The emergence of encryption has been identified as a major headache for law enforcement bodies, with suggestions that it risks leaving them locked out of some areas of cyberspace.
There has been major growth in the use of encrypted apps which encode messages in a way that makes it harder for a third party to intercept the content.
With apps such as Apple's iMessage and WhatsApp, the service providers have no way to decrypt the messages users send.
Instead, a technique called end-to-end encryption employed by the apps means that only the sender and recipient can see what was posted.


Scottish local authorities have been making £40m annually from parking charges, according to figures from the RAC Foundation.

The motoring organisation said the councils took £79.3m from drivers in charges and penalties.
The £40m represents the surplus after the cost of running parking activities.
The Convention of Scottish Local Authorities (Cosla) said parking charges were "rightly and properly" a matter for councils to decide.
The figures covered the financial year 2015-16. The surplus is up 12% on the previous year.
The data came from local authorities' annual returns to the Scottish government.
The top-earning councils identified by the foundation were:
RAC Foundation director Steve Gooding said: "Providing and managing the space for us to park our cars is not a cost-free activity for councils but controlling those costs is clearly important.
"By keeping the bills down and seeing a rise in parking income, there has been a significant increase in the annual surplus, or profit, councils are making from parking activities.
"The good news is that this money must be reinvested in transport services including, Scottish drivers will expect, maintaining the road network."
City of Edinburgh Council transport convenor Lesley Hinds said: "Funds from parking income are reinvested in road maintenance and other transport infrastructure across Edinburgh.
"Charges for permits and on-street parking are important for reducing pressure on limited kerbside space and keeping our roads clear and accessible.
"Parking charges also help businesses, residents and their visitors by encouraging a frequent turnaround of spaces, as well as deterring all-day parking."
Cosla insisted councils were well placed to decide an appropriate level of charges.
A spokesman said: "What councils charge for parking is rightly and properly a matter for them to determine locally, based on local circumstances.
"Scotland's councils have to actively manage parking in a way that balances both keeping the traffic flow moving round an area as well as allowing access to businesses in a bid to support local shopping.
"If you park illegally you are committing an offence and penalties only apply to people who commit an offence."


An Aberdeen armed robber left his DNA and fingerprints on the getaway vehicle, a court has heard.

Forensic evidence linking Jay Jay Kirton, 24, to the crime was found on the steering wheel and gear stick.
Kirkton and Richard Cameron, 30, admitted the robbery using knives at DSG Stores, in Bankhead Road, in June last year.
Kirkton also pleaded guilty to stealing the car involved. Sentence at the High Court in Edinburgh was deferred.
The court had heard money and cigarettes were stolen.


Wales manager Chris Coleman says he already knows most of the squad he will be taking to France for Euro 2016.

The 45-year-old is unconcerned that some key players are not being selected regularly for their clubs.
Defender James Chester and midfielders Joe Ledley and Joe Allen have made only 21 Premier League appearances between them this term.
"If I am honest, most of my squad, I know who will be going," Coleman told BBC Wales Sport.
"We are all excited and all looking forward to what is coming."
Coleman used the example of Palace midfielder Ledley, who he admits has already done enough to secure a spot in his 23 despite featuring infrequently for the Eagles.
"One or two need to wait a bit longer and will find out, but some of the lads, like Joe Ledley at Crystal Palace, who isn't playing, it's a different situation for him," said Coleman.
"I'd be lying if I said he's not playing at Palace and I'm worried I may not take him in the squad. That's not the case.
"He's been a great servant, Joe, and he's been a huge part of us qualifying and on and off the pitch, he's a good character.
"It would be nice if Joe got a few more minutes on the pitch, but he's not in any danger of not going to France, there are certain other players in that category, they've already done enough."
However, Coleman admits some of his younger players do need to ensure they are playing regularly.
"There are one or two others, great young players like Jonny and George Williams, and they do need some more minutes, same as Tom Lawrence at Blackburn," he added.
"I think the lads will be looking at it, they'll want game time, they want to be on the pitch.
"But it works both ways, because I think sometimes the lads who come with us who haven't had any game time are fresh and desperate to get on the pitch. And that can work in your favour sometimes."
Wales have confirmed two March friendlies against Ukraine and Northern Ireland with Coleman revealing it is likely they will also face Sweden in Stockholm.
"Preparations are going brilliantly and I've met with [captain] Ashley Williams recently who is chomping at the bit," he revealed.
"Our strength is our togetherness. Having good players doesn't win you anything, you need the mentality."


A primary school head teacher has written to parents asking them to wash in the morning and stop dropping their children off in their pyjamas.

Kate Chisholm, of Skerne Park Academy, Darlington, made the appeal after she noticed more and more adults wearing pyjamas at the school gates as well as at meetings and assemblies.
She said her aim was to help set a good example for pupils.
Parent Phil Naylor said wearing nightwear to school was "disgraceful".
Ms Chisholm said the final straw came when parents wore pyjamas to the Christmas show and to recent parents' evenings.
"It just got to the point when I thought 'enough's enough'," she said.
"I'm not trying to tell people what to do with their lives, but I just think having a really good role model first thing in the morning, getting yourself up, getting yourself dressed, ready for business, out to school is a really good example to set.
"I'm afraid wearing pyjamas, going to school, maybe doesn't reinforce that somehow."
In her letter, Ms Chisholm wrote: "If we're to raise standards it's not too much to ask parents to have a wash and get dressed.
"I have had loads of support from the community and people saying it's about time something was done. I have had far more positive responses than negative," she said.
"If I get the parents on board then we often get the children too and in order to get the best chances for the children we have to raise the bar with the parents."
School parent Mr Naylor said Ms Chisholm had his support: "It's disgraceful, we should be guiding our children not giving them bad habits."


Former radio DJ Ray Teret has been jailed for 25 years for a series of rapes and indecent assaults on girls as young as 12.

Teret, 73, a friend of Jimmy Savile, was last week convicted of seven counts of rape and 11 counts of indecent assault during the 1960s and 1970s.
Police revealed four further women have said they were abused by the ex-Radio Caroline DJ in the wake of the trial.
Greater Manchester Police are investigating the claims.
Teret - known as Ugly Ray - was mentored by Savile in the early days of his career. His trial was told he followed Savile "around like a shadow".
Teret, from Altrincham, was told by Mr Justice Baker that the 25-year sentence means he will likely spend the rest of his life in jail.
The judge said he had "exploited" his "celebrity status" as a popular DJ to abuse young girls.
Mr Justice Baker added: "Those who were raped had little or no understanding what was happening to them and felt they could do little to prevent the abuse taking place."
The judge said the abuse had led to some victims committing self-harm or needing psychiatric and medical treatment. Many had problems forming relationships with partners or their own children, he added.
Teret commonly selected young girls who were both "physically and emotionally immature," the judge said.
"All the girls were used for your own sexual gratification," he added.
Judith Moritz at Minshull Street Crown Court
Many of the women who were abused by Ray Teret when they were schoolgirls in the 1960s and 70s were in the public gallery to watch as he was sentenced, and they couldn't contain their delight.
They cheered, they clapped, and as he was taken down to the cells from the glass-walled dock, some of them shouted "monster".
Ray Teret showed no reaction to that.
Mr Justice Baker also said the lack of sex education at the time helped Teret abuse the girls.
The judge said: "Anyone who considers that society was a better place then than now to be a child would do well to reflect upon the evidence that this trial disclosed about that period - when sex education, to the extent that it was taught, was rudimentary and sexual matters in general were little discussed within the home.
"That state of ignorance was one of the main facilitators of your ability to exploit these young girls. None of whom, with the exception of two whose vulnerability was enhanced by having previously been sexually abused by others, had any prior sexual experience."
During the trial, Teret told jurors he had no interest in underage girls.
But the court heard he had a previous conviction for sexual intercourse with a 15-year-old girl in 1999.
Prosecutors also said he had "consistently pursued" young teenage girls.
He was convicted of a number of charges, but also cleared of various other sexual offences.
Among the charges he was cleared of was a claim he aided and abetted Savile to rape a 15-year-old girl in the early 1960s.
Teret was found guilty of raping the complainant himself.
After the sentencing Detective Chief Inspector Graham Brock said: "After decades of hiding behind the veneer of being a distinguished radio presenter, Ray Teret has finally been exposed as the manipulative and dangerous sexual predator that he is."
He said Teret's crimes had "cast a dark shadow" over his victims' lives.
He added: "I know from speaking to them personally how devastating the effects of his abuse have been. They have courageously relived their ordeal at court and should be applauded for having the bravery to speak out and bring this man to justice for his appalling crimes.


Water supplies have been returned to schools and homes after a burst pipe emptied a reservoir in Berkshire.

Two schools were forced to close on Thursday and up to 700 homes were without water after the pipe burst at Cold Ash.
Thames Water said the reservoir was operating normally on Friday morning.
A spokesman said the water could appear cloudy for several hours because of bubbles in the pipework but the trapped air was harmless.
Between 600 and 700 residents in the postcode areas RG14, RG18 and RG20 were without water.
Bottled water was handed out at several locations.
Cold Ash St Marks Primary and Hermitage Primary School were closed, along with Cold Ash pre-school, which operates from Acland Hall.
Priors Court School was been affected but remained open.


Lisa Messenger will always remember the day she decided to change her life.

It was 8 November 2004, when, faced with a future that was "spiralling out of control", she seriously contemplated suicide.
"My life was an absolute train smash," she says. "I drank way too much. I partied hard. I alienated my whole family."
But that rock-bottom moment proved to be the wake-up call she needed. Lisa gave up drinking the next day.
"I made a conscious choice to pick myself up out of the gutter," she says.
Over the next several years, Lisa says she focused on her personal growth and development, using her savings to take self-help classes all over the world and eventually, in 2009, writing a book about what she learned called "Happiness Is".
Armed with renewed ambition, energy and purpose, Lisa began to turn her fledgling marketing agency into an empire.
Lisa is the founder of Sydney-based Messenger Group, with its publishing and marketing divisions. Today, the Messenger brand encompasses 18 different offshoots, and she has set up a multimedia business, Collective Hub.
"I haven't been trained in any of this," Lisa says. "But everything I've done in my whole life has kind of led to this point."
Lisa, who was born in a small town in New South Wales, was never sure of her career path. After school, she worked as a horse-riding instructor in Shropshire, England, where she says she learned to work confidently with other people.
After moving back to Sydney, she worked in event management for various brands, including Cirque Du Soleil and The Wiggles.
In 2001 she founded Messenger Marketing, an ambitious venture she admits to "bumbling" her way through.
"I had no idea what I was doing. I was having a lot of fun," she says.
"I think this is the thing when people start out. You've got this hunger and this passion so you kind of do everything for nothing."
For the first few years, Lisa had a meagre turnover of about 50,000 Australian dollars ($38,600; Â£29,700) a year. She struggled financially but loved the work, though she was still waiting for her big break.
"I kind of always had this deep knowing that I was destined for something bigger," she says.
The turning point came in 2013, when Lisa says she walked into the office and told her three employees that she wanted to start a magazine.
She wanted to interview the interesting people she had met through the years and compile conversations with them into a lifestyle publication for entrepreneurs.
The result was a monthly magazine, Collective Hub, which currently has a circulation of 50,000 across 37 countries, but is growing, according to the company's sales figures. Sir Richard Branson, Anne Hathaway, Maria Sharapova and Debbie Harry, of rock group Blondie, are just some of the stars who have graced the cover.
Lisa, who is the publication's editor-in-chief, was not put off by the declining market and the thousands of other print magazines already on stands in Australia.
"Naivety can be kind of a good thing," Lisa says. She decided to make what could have been a stoic, masculine business magazine look like the kind of publication that was selling.
"The flip there was, let's make a business magazine look like a fashion and design magazine, so it was kind of messing with people's chi," Lisa says. "What happened was when we went into news agencies we were sitting - and still are - next to Marie Claire and Vogue and Harper's Bazaar and Vanity Fair."
Lisa also says she had to do more than ask for the A$5,000 or A$10,000 that magazines might normally receive from advertisers. She went and asked for A$50,000 or A$100,000 at once, offering speaking engagements and sponsorship opportunities in return.
"I thought much bigger," she says, "which kind of goes against everything."
Lisa's company has now grown to 25 full-time staff and 80 freelancers around the world. She says her "daring" approach to business and entrepreneurship hasn't changed over the last decade.
"I am purposefully counterintuitive," she says. "Every single industry that we go into or idea that we come up with I continuously flip it completely on its head."
It's a message she promotes in the range of books she has published through her company, including Daring and Disruptive: Unleashing the Entrepreneur, and Money and Mindfulness: Living in Abundance.
Megan Dalla-Camina, strategist and author of the book Lead Like a Woman, says Lisa has a reputation in the Australian business community for being fearless.
"She does what she wants," Dalla-Camina says. "She doesn't actually believe, I don't think, that there are any barriers. She's very bold in how she operates.
Lisa's latest venture is a collaboration between Collective Hub and Torrens University, which will offer a graduate certificate in collective entrepreneurship. She says she hopes to immerse students in the world of entrepreneurs.
"Not everyone's cut out for the entrepreneurial path. So I wanted to kind of hold their hand and support them through that," she says.
As for the future, Lisa says she likes to stay in the present and test opportunities as they arise. It's all part of her signature fearlessness.
"Most people will write a 300-page business plan and they'll tick every box and cross everything off," she says. "I'm much more about the 'fail fast' mentality. Go to market, test, iterate, morph, pivot, change. That way we are just continuously testing, testing, testing."
Any other way would be boring.
"Business should be fun," she adds. "It should be heaps and heaps of fun. Off the charts."


Two women have been badly beaten during a hijacking in Londonderry.

Hairdresser Jermaine McBride and a customer were attacked at her home at Woodside Heights in the Waterside area on Thursday morning.
Police have arrested two men, aged 32 and 37, in connection with the incident and the attempted robbery of a Credit Union in Donemana.
Mrs McBride said she felt lucky to be alive.
"He says: 'Give me your keys.' I said: 'I don't have any keys, my husband's got my keys,' and he just punched me in the face and I fell to the floor," she said.
"Then he just got on top of me and kept punching me in the head and in the face.
"I called the woman to phone the police but she couldn't because she was too nervous.
"She was holding a brush against him and I ran over to the neighbour and knocked on the door, and by the time I came back he had taken her bag and sped off."
The two men left the scene in the client's car, taking her handbag and mobile phone with them.
Mrs McBride said the attack has left her in pain and afraid to leave her own home.
"It was all so quick. He just pushed the door open and punched me and then I was on the floor.
"He lifted my head by the hair and kept punching me and I was just thinking: 'I'm going to die.'
"His eyes were bulging out of his head, he was just really really angry.
"I was covered in blood, my whole face was covered in blood.
"My nose is cracked and is really sore and my head's sore but it could have been worse. I really do feel unsafe in my home," she said.
"I always thought I would be a bit braver in situations like that, but I just knew if I had have even answered that man back I think I would have been killed.
"I'm trying to keep busy because every time I'm on my own I keep busting out in tears. I wouldn't stay in the house at the minute."


A man who went on the run after allegedly setting fire to his sister has sent a birthday card to his mother.

Stephen Archer, 50, of Openshaw in Manchester, is a suspect in the attack at his 49-year-old sister's home which left the victim with 70% burns.
Detectives believe petrol was thrown over her before she was set alight.
Mr Archer's mother, Wendy, has made an appeal for her son to contact police after revealing she had received the greetings card.
She said: "Steve, I have got your card. I want you to know that no-one is controlling me and no-one is forcing me to send this message to you.
"I do not want any harm to come to you. Will you please contact the police."
The victim is in a serious condition and fighting for her life in hospital.
A 19-year-old woman escaped uninjured from an upstairs window of the house with help from neighbours.
Greater Manchester Police had warned Mr Archer may be carrying several bottles of petrol. On Thursday petrol station workers were warned to be "extra vigilant" and alert the authorities if they see him.
CCTV of a man apparently fleeing the scene on a bicycle shortly after the attack has also been released.
Supt Arif Nawaz said: "The victim is still critically ill in hospital. We have followed several leads and have received some very helpful information but unfortunately we have still not found him.
"Stephen usually wears a baseball cap, and carries a large rucksack and is known to travel on a bicycle."


Firefighters have tackled a blaze at the chip shop in Glasgow city centre.

Crews were called to the Blue Lagoon on Gordon Street at about 13:10.
The takeaway shop is located next to the main entrance to Central Station.
A spokeswoman for Strathclyde Fire and Rescue said they were responding to reports of smoke. A cordon was put in place around the chip shop and the front of the station.


Asia Business Correspondent Karishma Vaswani is in Dalian, China, where the World Economic Forum is taking place later this week.

China's economy is slowing, but the government says this is all part of the plan as it moves from exports to domestic consumption. But is it doing enough to help people spend?


Michael Owen's impassioned defence of John Stones suggested the Everton centre-back "could walk into Barcelona's team".

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Owen, 36, who scored 40 goals for England, said the 22-year-old had been unfairly criticised because he likes to play out of defence rather than hack it clear.
"The problem is that because he's so much better than most other players no-one can relate to how he's thinking," Owen says.
So is Owen right to put Stones on such an elite pedestal? Do statistics back up the former England striker's view?
Another ex-England international, defender Sol Campbell, recently stated that Stones makes too many mistakes to be considered for the England starting XI at Euro 2016.
BBC Sport team selector users are also decided - centre-backs Chris Smalling (825,000 selections) and Gary Cahill (789,000 selections) start in the majority of the 1m teams, with Stones the 12th most popular player with 384,000 picks.
Back in March, a slip by the young defender eventually led to a Netherlands penalty in the 2-1 win over England, and in January a risky backpass to keeper Tim Howard resulted in Everton conceding a penalty to Swansea.
In fact, according to Opta's statistics, both Stones and his fellow Toffees centre-back Phil Jagielka made the most errors directly leading to goals in the last Premier League season - three. Only Southampton's Maya Yoshida and West Ham's Aaron Cresswell made as many.
Stones' rivals for the England centre-half spot, Manchester United's Smalling and Chelsea's Cahill, made no such errors.
"He will make the odd mistake but so will everyone - everyone just goes on and on and on about mistakes," Owen says.
So is Stones a liability? Not according to these statistics.
The Barnsley-born player conceded only 11 fouls in the Premier League last season, giving away a free-kick only once every 2.8 games.
That is a better rate than Smalling and Cahill, and many of his other Premier League and European counterparts.
Both Pique, 29, and Javier Mascherano, 31, have been rocks in the Barca backline this season. Only Atletico Madrid conceded fewer goals (18) than the Catalan side's 29 in La Liga last season.
But the graphic below suggests the 22-year-old Everton defender would not be such a bad fit for Luis Enrique's La Liga champions after all.
If you widen the comparison to include the best on the continent, then again he fares well.
Aside from conceding fewest fouls, his pass completion rate in the third best and he has a high rate of success in one-on-one situations.
BBC Sport's chief football writer Phil McNulty:
"Stones received heavy criticism during a tough season at Everton - but there is no doubt there is a truly outstanding defender waiting to re-emerge.
"He suffered from playing under Roberto Martinez's management in an Everton side where good defending was almost regarded as optional, allied to a dip in form that often afflicts younger players.
"Stones was also arguably a victim of Martinez's indulgence, where he was almost actively encouraged to stick rigidly to his natural ball-playing style at any cost rather than adopt a more risk-averse approach. This led to nervousness, not just in Stones but Everton's supporters, and consequently mistakes.
"In stronger coaching hands, at least defensively and with greater emphasis on positioning, there is every chance the defender perfectly suited to all aspects of the modern game - one with pace, vision, aerial ability and timing in the tackle - will be back.
"Whether this will eventually all add up to a defender good enough to grace Barcelona is another matter. Stones still has much developing to do before he can keep that elite company, but there is no question the potential is there in a talent that was allowed to fall into disrepair at Goodison Park last season."