The Canada-US border has become a fault line for Canadian fears surrounding the new US administration.

The uncertainty comes as Parliament considers a preclearance security bill that could give US border agents new powers and the Liberal government comes under pressure to reconsider an asylum pact with the US.
The US has made it clear secure borders are a top priority and while President Donald Trump has set his sights on Mexico and the Middle East, Canadians are still feeling a chill.
Pollster Nik Nanos, whose firm tracks Canadian attitudes towards the international boundary, said sentiment about the border is driven by two things - political rhetoric in the US and people's actual experiences at border crossings.
Both factors are driving anxiety as the new US administration begins to put its plans into practice.
Canadians took some 20 million trips to the United States in 2015 and report they are mostly well treated by US border and customs agents.
But amid reports of border agents seizing and searching mobile devices, of people being questioned and turned away at the border and schools cancelling trips south, they are concerned about what Mr Trump's policies might mean for cross-border travel.
Mr Nanos said that even the "informal influence" of the president can have an impact on border crossings.
"The president does not have to pass an executive order to thicken the border. Trump has said he considers the border a sieve and if you're a border security person you're going to take that signal," he said.
Federal Public Safety Minister Ralph Goodale is expected to raise how travellers are being treated with his US counterpart, Homeland Security Secretary John Kelly, when they meet soon.
"Our expectation - on both sides of the border - is that travellers be treated with respect, and in accordance with the rule of law," said Mr Goodale's spokesman.
Meanwhile, the Trudeau government is trying to reassure people about Bill C-23, preclearance legislation currently before Parliament that is part of a bilateral agreement with the US. The US Congress passed its own version of the bill in December.
The US immigration preclearance operations have been in Canada for decades - an example of the deep co-operation between the two countries on border matters. The system allows travellers to conveniently pass through American customs sites set up in Canada and for the US to vet people before they set foot on US soil.
But lawyers are concerned about the powers Bill C-23, which will supersede the existing agreement, would give US border agents operating in Canada.
Toronto-based immigration lawyer Howard Greenberg says he worries the legislation contains provisions that might hinder the legal rights and freedoms of Canadian citizens.
Among the red flags Mr Greenberg sees in the bill are provisions that would allow American customs officials to detain and question people, to perform body searches on travellers, and to require people who wanted to withdraw from pre-clearance interviews to give a reason.
Currently a traveller has the right to leave the preclearance area with no consequence.
"You head for the curb, take a taxi home," said Mr Greenberg.
It would also allow US border agents to carry firearms and "restraint devices" at preclearance sites.
Public safety officials note that preclearance officers cannot place anyone under arrest, that they must operate in accordance with Canadian law, and that no right or power is conferred on border officers of one country and not the other.
They also say that allowing border agents to question people withdrawing from a preclearance area is necessary to avoid illicit "probing" of those sites by those who may be trying to detect weak points or deficiencies.
But Mr Greenberg says the bill, which still has time to be amended, needs to do more to clarify the rights of Canadians on Canadian soil, especially when a US administration talks about "extreme vetting" of migrants and refugees.
Ottawa is also under growing pressure to suspend the Safe Third Country Agreement amid increasing numbers of refugee claimants crossing illegally into Canada in Quebec, Manitoba and British Columbia.
That pact with the US states that refugee claimants are required to request protection in the first safe country they arrive in - a policy meant to better manage refugee claims and to avoid so-called "asylum shopping" between countries.
But it is also driving asylum seekers to make the illegal crossing to avoid being turned back to the US at official ports of entry.
More than 200 Canadian lawyers recently sent a letter calling on the Trudeau government to suspend the pact following Mr Trump's election.
Representatives from the Harvard Immigration and Refugee Clinic also wrote to the Liberal government this month asking for them to consider the "enforcement and implementation" of the STCA.
So far, the federal government is standing behind the agreement, which came into effect in 2004, saying the conditions of the agreement continue to be met.


Ireland coach Joe Schmidt says Johnny Sexton's display in Saturday's 19-9 Six Nations win over France showed a player at the top of his game.

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The 31-year-old fly-half returned from a five-week injury absence to produce a masterful half-back display along with scrum-half Conor Murray.
Sexton's display included 11 points as Ireland kept their title hopes alive.
"He has never navigated us round the pitch as well as he did today for a while," said the Ireland coach.
"It is great to have someone who everyone has confidence in, he makes a call and everyone backs him."
Schmidt had no hesitation in recalling Sexton in place of in-form Paddy Jackson even though the Leinster star had not played since sustaining a calf injury in the European Champions Cup game against Castres on 20 January.
"Based on experience it is not the first time he has done it [impressed after a lay-off]," added Schmidt.
"He prepares incredibly well and has such a competitive edge."
Sexton was expected to play for around 50 minutes against the French but Schmidt opted to keep the British & Irish Lion on the field for 69 minutes, when Jackson was introduced.
"The stop-start nature of the game when there were several scrums at a time allowed him a bit of a breather," added the 51-year-old New Zealander.
"He was really, really positive in a measured way. He varied the game especially in the second half because we felt we couldn't use ourselves up too much and instead tire them out.
"It allowed us to keep the pressure on, plus he never shirks his defensive duties.
"We aimed to keep him on till the 55th minute at the latest but as he had a two-and-a-half-minute break after a tough hit we kept him on."
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Schmidt said the victory keeps Ireland's title destiny in their own hands although he insisted that he is now focusing all his attentions on the game with out-of-contention Wales in Cardiff on 10 March rather than a possible title decider against England a week later.
The Irish coach, hoping to guide his side to a third Six Nations title in four years, felt Wales had been somewhat unlucky in Saturday's 29-13 defeat by Scotland.
"They lost on the scoreboard but had two tries scratched out. For me they seemed to have a lot of control of the game and we can testify how effective the Scots are at finishing.
"You don't go to Cardiff and get anything easy because the Welsh take a heck of a lot of pride in their game and have some super players."


Inspectors have found progress being made at a hospital where a health board has previously had to apologise for the quality of the care.

Healthcare Improvement Scotland said it was pleased with changes at Stranraer's Galloway Community Hospital.
It found proper screening taking place and good communication between staff.
Last year NHS Dumfries and Galloway apologised for being "unable to demonstrate best standards of care" at the hospital.
The latest inspection visit took place in August this year and was a follow-up to a visit in January which also found improvement.
Claire Sweeney, interim director of quality assurance for HIS, said: "Overall, we were pleased with the progress that had been made.
"We found that screening for delirium was taking place and there was evidence of good communication between staff through daily hospital-wide huddles.
"To bring about further improvements, NHS Dumfries and Galloway must ensure all older people are assessed within the national recommended timescales and have person-centred care plans in place."
She said they would follow up on these issues at future inspections.


A teenage Muslim convert accused of planning to behead a British soldier claimed he knew one of Fusilier Lee Rigby's murderers, a court has heard.

Brusthom Ziamani told a prison officer he had delivered Islamic leaflets with the Woolwich soldier killer Michael Adebolajo, the Old Bailey heard.
The 19-year-old also wanted to "harm" Prime Minister David Cameron if he had the chance, it is alleged.
Mr Ziamani, of Camberwell, London, denies preparing an act of terrorism.
Police arrested Mr Ziamani in east London in August last year. At the time he was carrying a rucksack containing a 12in knife, a hammer and an Islamic flag, the court has heard.
Paul Morris, a prison officer at HMP Wandsworth, told the court that during a "welfare" chat while Mr Ziamani was on remand, the teenager "said he knew Michael Adebolajo".
"He said he loved him and he said he used to hand out leaflets in Greenwich with him as well. He said he had never met [the other Woolwich killer] Michael Adebowale," he told the court.
He added: "What concerned me was that first of all I was not sure if he was making some of it up.
"When he said he didn't know Adebowale I felt he was telling the truth - he was not trying to tell me he knew all these people. So for me I was believing what he was saying."
He said he had spoken one-to-one with Mr Ziamani in his cell, before immediately going to make notes of what was said.
"He said that he had been arrested when he was on his way to an army barracks, he didn't say where.
"He said he was going to behead a British soldier and hold his head up in the air while a friend took a photo of him doing so."
Naeem Mian, defending Mr Ziamani, said there was no dispute that the teenager had said he was on his way to behead a soldier.
But he suggested that it was said to the prison officer just in the context of explaining what the allegations against him were, rather than as a confession.
Mr Morris replied: "That [a confession] is how I perceived it at the time. When I first asked him why he was here he could have said there and then."
The court previously heard that Mr Ziamani idolised Adebolajo, telling an ex-girlfriend that he was a "legend".
Counter-terror police had previously arrested Mr Ziamani in June last year over extremist posts he made online and had questioned him several times, the Old Bailey also heard.
In an exchange from one interview read to the jury, he was asked by officers to confirm what he had said in an earlier interview in which the tape recorder had broken.
"What would you do if you saw David Cameron and had an opportunity?" the officer asked.
"You said you would do him harm if he had no security around?"
Mr Ziamani replied: "Yes."
The interviews also discussed a letter written by Mr Ziamani addressed to his parents in which he talked about being martyred, the court heard.
Mr Ziamani is said to have converted to Islam in early 2014.
The jury heard he put posts on Facebook under the name Mujahid Karim, supporting Sharia law and stating he was "willing to die in the cause of Allah".
Mr Ziamani denies a charge of preparing an act of terrorism on or before 20 August last year.


Victims of crime are "let down" by poor communication from the Crown Prosecution Service, a watchdog claims.

The CPS Inspectorate's report said the CPS was slow to contact victims in almost half of the cases it examined and sent letters that "lacked empathy".
In a majority of cases there was also no evidence that victims' views were taken into account on key decisions.
The CPS said its own data showed a "markedly different" picture to the "small sample" used in the report.
Her Majesty's Crown Prosecution Service Inspectorate's communicating with victims report looked at the speed and quality of the CPS's communication with victims of crime.
As part of its investigation, inspectors visited six of the 13 CPS areas in England and Wales, during a three-week period. They examined 162 case and complaint files and interviewed CPS staff, police and crime commissioners and partner organisations such as Citizens Advice.
The Inspectorate said the CPS should be more consistent in the quality of their letters and how quickly they send them to victims, and added the CPS and police should agree on their roles in communicating case outcomes to victims to avoid sending confusing or duplicated information.
They also stated the CPS should "implement an effective process" for notifying victim liaison units when charges are altered in a case, so that staff can inform victims.
Inspectors did say the CPS was facing increased pressure due to staff cuts, and the report also highlighted that the organisation had taken steps to improve service, including drafting new guidance about speaking to witnesses at court to improve the quality of service.
But the CPS criticised the small sample used in the report and said their own figures showed they had improved service.
Chief crown prosecutor Martin Goldman said the CPS is "committed to delivering a high quality service to victims and witnesses and supporting them throughout their case".
He said: "Last year a survey showed that two-thirds of victims and three-quarters of witnesses were satisfied or very satisfied with the service they received from the CPS.
"80% of letters to victims due to reach them within one day meet the target, and this increases to 89% of letters due to reach victims within five days."


Former President Barack Obama embraced a warm homecoming at University of Chicago, where he stepped back into the public eye while hosting a youth forum on civic engagement.

"What's been going on while I've been gone?" he quipped as he entered the stage to an uproar of applause on Monday.
Fresh off a three-month hiatus that included sun-soaked beach holidays and news of a forthcoming memoir, the 44th president made his return with ease - and without a tie - despite the current dismantling of his legacy back in Washington.
But Mr Obama, a former constitutional law professor at University of Chicago (UofC), spent less time talking about his old job at the White House and instead focused on his next task at hand: passing the political baton to a new generation.
"The single most important thing I can do is help in any way to prepare the next generation of leadership to take up the baton and take their own crack at changing the world," he told an auditorium full of Chicago-area students and community organisers.
The former president appeared alongside a mix of young civic leaders including a local senior high school student, an Indian immigrant who lost a state representative race, a US Army veteran college student and a member of UofC's Young Republicans.
And though he took centre stage, Mr Obama used the next 80 minutes to press his featured speakers about their own leadership challenges, at times offering maxims from his own political career.
"It felt very intimate," Sarah Evans, 19, told the BBC.
"Everything he was saying was very meaningful and specific to us."
Students huddled together outside the auditorium after the event, sharing notes on their favourite lines lifted from the former commander-in-chief.
Ms Evans, a Northwestern University student, recited Mr Obama's words on what he did during his time as a community organiser on Chicago's South Side.
"Listen to understand rather than listen to respond," he told the crowd, noting it was actually a lesson he learned in marriage. "That will save you a lot of heartache and grief."
Afreen Ahmed, a 19-year-old UofC student, was struck by Mr Obama's response when asked about his 2000 loss in a race for a US House of Representatives seat in Illinois.
It was the "sole time" in his political career, Mr Obama revealed, that he ran because he thought it was the next move rather than what he really wanted to do.
"Worry less about what you want to be," he said, "and worry more about what you want to do".
That piece of advice was a reminder for why Ms Ahmed takes on leadership roles in school programmes like the UofC Institute of Politics' Leaders of Colour and within her Muslim community.
"You can get so caught up in the positions and the titles and your career and it becomes less about the work that you're doing," she said.
Mr Obama was quick to emphasise that civic engagement, however, was not just about running for elected office or showing up on election day.
Though he evaded talking about his successor, Mr Obama lamented that the decline of civic organisations like union clubs and churches, where Americans could find common ground, had deepened the growing divisions across the US.
"We're a more individualistic society," he explained. "I think that has a spillover for civic engagement, but also empathy because we're dealing with fewer people."
But much like the farewell speech he delivered in Chicago three months earlier, Mr Obama left his audience with another note of optimism, calling on a new class to usher in change.
"It's a message a lot of people need to hear right now," said Hanna Addis, 19.
"Things are hard now, especially with such a shift in the political climate, and we need to remember we are a generation open to having more dialogue with each other."
"Are there ways in which we can knock down some of the barriers that are discouraging young people about a life of service?" Mr Obama asked.
"And if there are, I want to work with them to knock down those barriers."
And once this next generation begins moving toward a path of leadership, he continued: "I think we're going to be just fine."


(Close): The FTSE 100 ended the week slightly higher despite a closely watched survey showing weaker-than-expected manufacturing growth.

Markit's latest Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) for manufacturing fell to 51.9 in April from 54 in March.
The pound slid 1.5% against the dollar to $1.5126 and dropped 1.1% against the euro to €1.352.
The FTSE 100 closed 25.32 points higher at 6,985.95.
After four months of 2015 the blue-chip index is up 6.3%.
Lloyds Banking Group was the top riser, jumping 7.1% to 82.87p after investors welcomed its first-quarter results.
Underlying profits at Lloyds rose 21% to £2.2bn, at the top end of forecasts, although the bank said it had taken a £660m loss on the sale of TSB to Spain's Banco Sabadell.
Mining stocks also bolstered the market, with Anglo American up 5.4% and BHP Billiton 3% higher.
The top faller on the FTSE was Aberdeen Asset Management, down 2.5% at 463.1p.
Outside the FTSE 100, shares in Hornby rose 1.7% after the model train maker said it was set to report an underlying full-year profit of £1.5m.
The company - which also owns the Scalextric and Airfix brands - said this would be the first time for three years that it had reported a pre-tax profit.


Barack Obama has pressed David Cameron to maintain Britain's commitment to meeting the Nato target of spending 2% of GDP on defence.

Mr Cameron has not committed to the 2% benchmark beyond March 2016.
Any decision must "await Chancellor George Osborne's Spending Review in the autumn", he says.
In talks at the G7 summit in Germany, the US President also said he was "looking forward" to Britain remaining in the European Union.
Mr Osborne's demand last week for a further Â£500m in Ministry of Defence cuts has fuelled concerns that the UK may drop below the 2% level next year.
Following the talks between the two men at the Schloss Elmau castle in the Bavarian Alps, a Downing Street source said Mr Obama had "touched on" the issue of whether Britain would continue to meet the 2% target.
"The president underlined the importance of the UK and US as the two pillars of Nato, and said he accepted the fiscal challenge but hoped that the UK would find a way to meet it," said the source.
Asked if Mr Cameron had offered any assurances in response, the source declined to "give a running commentary", but said the PM had pointed to the numerous military operations around the world to which Britain has contributed.
Before the talks, Mr Cameron told reporters: "I'll say exactly the same as what I'm saying now, which is we've kept our 2% promise - one of the few countries to do it - and we're having a spending review in the autumn and we'll announce the results at that time."
Touching on the subject of Britain staying in the EU, Mr Obama said: "I would note that one of the great values of having the United Kingdom in the European Union is its leadership and strength on a whole host of global challenges.
"And so we very much are looking forward to the United Kingdom staying a part of the European Union because we think its influence is positive not just for Europe but also for the world."
Mr Cameron wants to renegotiate the UK's EU membership ahead of an in/out referendum by 2017.
He has opened talks with other European leaders including German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Polish Prime Minister Ewa Kopacz - who both want to ensure the UK stays in the EU.
Speaking at the G7 summit in Germany, the PM said the British public, not "individual parties", would decide whether the UK stays in the EU.
This comes after it emerged that some 50 Eurosceptic MPs have formed a group called Conservatives for Britain that wants Westminster to be sovereign over European Union law.
Before meeting Mr Obama for one-on-one talks at the G7 summit in Germany, the prime minister announced the deployment of a further 125 army trainers to Iraq.
The trainers will help the Baghdad authorities take on the Islamic State extremist group which has seized large swathes of the country as well as parts of neighbouring Syria.


It's easy to be cynical about phone launches.

Thousands of excited fans - or jaded journalists - pack into grandiose events to be deafened by Coldplay or U2 and hear nervous executives read from an autocue that they are "really excited" to reveal a "life-changing" innovation that looks much like last year's model.
And yes, there was a certain amount of that at the Samsung Unpacked event in Barcelona last night. The Galaxy S7 and S7 Edge are what you would expect from the Korean company - extremely capable, state-of-the-art smartphones with excellent cameras.
But these days half a dozen manufacturers can build a device we would have thought miraculous a few years ago, so a company like Samsung has to do more.
And last night it did. The first clue was the Gear VR headset placed on each seat as we trooped into the vast hall.
A voice from the sound system - in between snatches of Coldplay - explained patiently how to put it on. Then during the event we used the headset twice - once for the moment of the big reveal of the Galaxy S7, where a virtual box was opened, and more impressively to demonstrate Samsung's new 360 camera.
Looking around at a Barcelona street scene with footballers playing keepy-up gave a glimpse of what users might do when they get their hands on the Gear 360 and share what they see on YouTube or Facebook.
But it was the real coup de theatre which came next. As we removed our headsets, the most famous young man in the technology world appeared on the stage.
Mark Zuckerberg is known to be an enthusiast for VR - after all he spent a chunk of Facebook's money buying Oculus Rift - but by appearing at a Samsung event and evangelising about its potential he gave a rocket-powered boost to his host's efforts in this field.
He told us how he started sketching  out what seemed an unlikely vision of virtual reality from the age of 11 (which young geek didn't?) but that it was now beginning to happen.
"VR is the next platform where anyone can experience anything they want," he said."It's going to change the way we live and work and communicate."
He pictured sitting at a virtual campfire with friends around the world, watching a movie together, or sharing his baby's first steps with a 360 degree view. And of course this would become the future of social media, and Facebook - along with Samsung - would be at the heart of it.
So, an event about a couple of new phones had become a kind of TED talk about a transformational technology. What a win for Samsung, still the world's leading smartphone maker but being squeezed by Apple at the high end and cheap but very capable Chinese smartphones at the budget end of the market.
Like many others in this industry it is trying to look beyond smartphones for its growth, as profit margins get ever slimmer. Making money from its major investment in virtual reality will take time - the company is giving away a Gear VR headset to anyone who orders one of the new Galaxy S7 phones in advance.
But, with the help of Facebook's founder, Samsung managed to change the conversation about the company last night and make itself look more far-sighted than many of its rivals.


Nintendo's Pokemon Go has finally launched in Japan, the birthplace of the little virtual monsters.

Amid a flurry of social media excitement, Niantic Labs, the software company behind the game, announced it was "finally broadcasting" in Japan.
First released in the US, Australia and New Zealand on 6 July and now available in more than 30 countries, the game has been a global phenomenon.
The Japanese launch comes with a McDonalds sponsorship deal.
Fast food restaurants were expected to be advertised as places where people were guaranteed to find Pokemon, or as "gyms" where players can train up their captured monsters for virtual fights.
But a McDonald's spokesman said restaurants would "call on players not to become a bother to customers who are eating".
Where might Pokemon be hiding in Japan?
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Trailblazer that could redefine mobile games
On Friday morning, excited Japanese fans began tweeting that they had been able to start playing.
"The moment I found out the servers were up I jumped right out of bed, got dressed and ran outside with my iPhone and two extra battery packs," Samuel Lucas, an Australian YouTuber based in Japan told the BBC.
"So far I've been to the Japan post office which was my first poke stop, and now I'm on my way to a big park near my house."
Other Pokemon Go users didn't have to look far, with 21-year-old fan Tomoharu Kudo finding a Charmander in his bed.
However, he soon ventured out in search of more Pokemon.
"I left my house to seek a new journey that will change my life," said Mr Kudo.
After weeks of stories about people in other countries running into trouble playing the game, Japanese authorities have taken precautions and issued a nine-point safety guide, in cartoon form.
The warnings, by the National Centre of Incident Readiness and Strategy for Cybersecurity, included asking users to register with "cool names that are different from real names" and cautioning them against heatstroke as they walk around in the sun.
"I want people to abide by the warning so that people can play it on smartphones safely," said Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga on Thursday.
Just a few hours after the launch, there were already reports of an accident.
A student at Osaka's Kindai University reportedly fell down the stairs while playing Pokemon Go and was taking to hospital, said users on social media.
Pokemon Go is an augmented reality game on smartphones which has millions of people worldwide obsessively capturing small creatures in public spaces.
It works by showing you a picture of your real surroundings as caught by the phone's camera, then uses GPS to place virtual little monsters within that picture on your screen.
The mix of virtual and real worlds allows players to, for instance, fight a dragon circling Big Ben or chase a spaceship moving down their street.
The monsters in it were first popular in the 1990s when they started on the Nintendo Game Boy. Back then, trading cards were a huge hit in school playgrounds and the new game manages to build on that legacy.


Lancashire have signed Leicestershire all-rounder Wayne White, who has agreed a three-year contract at Old Trafford.

The 27-year-old is their third new arrival ahead of the 2013 season.
Former Australia opener Simon Katich and ex-England paceman Kabir Ali have also joined the Red Rose, who were relegated to Division Two of the County Championship in September.
White began his career at Derbyshire, making his first-class debut in 2005, before moving to Grace Road in 2009.
"I am excited at the prospect of challenging for trophies in all three formats," he told the club website.
I have enjoyed my time with Leicestershire, and it will be a wrench to leave, but I am looking forward to a new, exciting chapter in my career with Lancashire
"Playing at Old Trafford is something I am really looking forward to.
"Working with Peter Moores and his staff is a great opportunity for me and I am excited by his plans for the playing squad.
"I have enjoyed my time with Leicestershire, and it will be a wrench to leave, but I am looking forward to a new, exciting chapter in my career with Lancashire and to be part of a successful playing squad."
Lancashire coach Moores added: "Wayne is a rapidly emerging cricketer, whose passion to improve and win trophies will match that of the rest of the squad.
"He will give us the depth we need to compete in all three competitions and create healthy competition within the squad for a position in the first team."
Meanwhile, Leicestershire coach Phil Whitticase told BBC Radio Leicester that he was disappointed by White's decision to leave.
"It came as a bit of a shock to us," he said. "We had discussions with Wayne at the end of the season and he said he felt he needed opportunities elsewhere and wasn't committed to the club.
"He was moving forward as a player and we saw him as a part of what we were doing, but obviously he's made the decision that he wants to further his career elsewhere. I only want players here that are committed to Leicestershire."


A Bulgarian student who is married to an American has become the first gay man to have his application for a green card granted, says their lawyer.

The approval is seen as proof of US visa policies quickly adapting to last week's historic Supreme Court ruling on same-sex marriage.
Traian Popov, who wed Julian Marsh in New York, may now apply for immigration benefits and a permanent resident visa.
But their union is still not legal in the state of Florida, where they live.
Last week the Supreme Court threw out a law banning gay couples from receiving benefits available to other couples.
The justices ruled that the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act discriminated against same-sex couples.
Mr Marsh and Mr Popov were informed on Friday by Citizenship and Immigration Services that their green card petition had been approved, two days after the landmark ruling.
Mr Popov is currently able to stay in the US on a student visa, as he is enrolled in college. But he would have had to leave the country once he graduated.
The Department of Homeland Security could not confirm that their case was the first of its kind to be approved.
Mr Marsh said it is still troubling that their union is not recognised in Florida.
"They make you feel more and more like a second-class citizen, and they don't want you," he told the Associated Press news agency.
"And that's how I feel about Florida."
Mr Marsh explained that before last week's Supreme Court ruling, he and his husband had started to consider other options that would allow them to remain together, but they wanted to keep living in Fort Lauderdale.
"We would like our marriage to be recognised even in a state where it wasn't performed," Mr Marsh added.
There are about 36,000 same-sex couples in the US in which one partner is not a citizen, according to the non-profit immigration group Immigration Equality.
Before last week's rulings, under the Defense of Marriage Act legally married same-sex couples were denied federal benefits available to opposite-sex couples.
These include tax, health and pension benefits and family hospital visits.


A Belfast doctor who prescribed a controversial supplement that includes the main ingredient of bleach has defended the product.

Dr Finbar Magee said MMS would be a "good treatment" for a Dublin child with autism, RTÉ's Prime Time reported.
Kathryn Murphy went to Dr Magee in 2011, after her daughter, then three, had stomach cramps and chronic hives.
Dr Magee told the current affairs programme he had not prescribed MMS for a "couple of years" but defended it.
The programme said Dr Magee compared the safety of MMS to water purification products.
Last month, Prime Time reported that MMS, or "miracle mineral supplement", was being promoted in Ireland.
The programme also reported that the Genesis II Church of Health and Healing was recruiting members.
It said Genesis II claims MMS is a miracle cure but medical experts say it is dangerous.
Dr Tara McMorrow, of the Irish Society of Toxicologists, said she found it "very worrying" that MMS had been prescribed.
"It is deeply concerning that a member of the medical profession, who people put their trust and their faith in to do the correct thing would be prescribing alternative therapy that we know has been banned by numerous regulatory authorities across the world without checking this and confirming it was safe for human consumption," she said.
Ms Murphy said on Thursday's Prime Time that she went to Dr Magee at the Synergy healthcare clinic on Cregagh Road in Belfast in mid-2011.
"I want to make it clear to people I wasn't looking for a cure for autism," she said.
"I wanted to go to a doctor so he could treat the physical symptoms that she was displaying that may or may not be associated with her autism.
"I wanted somebody to do blood tests on my daughter and I wanted some general advice from a medical doctor.
"He (Dr Magee) suggested some vitamin supplementation. Among the treatments he advised me to give my daughter was MMS.
"He said MMS would be a good treatment for a child with autism if they had biomedical issues.
"He said MMS was not approved by the Irish Medical Board."
There is no suggestion that any other staff member at Synergy healthcare directed patients to take MMS.
Synergy told Prime Time it has never stocked nor ordered MMS for clients.
For last month's report, Prime Time commissioned tests to establish what happens when MMS is mixed as recommended.
The Public Analysts Laboratory in Galway found the result was 90% sodium chlorite and 10% chlorine dioxide.
In Thursday's show, Prime Time said they had given details of the prescription Dr Magee provided to Ms Murphy to the Public Analysts Laboratory in Galway.
"Dr Magee had written on a sheet of paper how to give it, how to activate it and how many weeks I should give it to her for," Ms Murphy said.
The laboratory claimed that if Dr Magee's prescription was followed, within a week, Ms Murphy's daughter would each day have been ingesting 433 times the acceptable daily limit for sodium chlorite set by the World Health Organisation.
Over three months, even with gaps of two weeks as prescribed, she would have ingested a daily average of 128 times the maximum level, it said.
Dr Magee declined to be interviewed for Prime Time.
The GP said he had prescribed MMS to "maybe six patients at most".
He told the programme he had not prescribed MMS for a "couple of years, maybe even longer" because of "concern over potential problems and the fact it is controversial".
However, Prime Time claimed he got back to them "repeatedly, defending MMS and other treatments".
Prime Time reported that he said MMS was one of many oxidising agents "used to try to kill viruses, bacteria and fungi".
When Prime Time put the public analysts laboratory results to Dr Magee he said he wanted to take it up with independent biological chemical experts to get a clear picture.
Prime Time said it wanted to visit Dr Magee in his Belfast clinic and interview him about his views. They said he invited them to go to Mexico with him instead to Kerri Rivera's clinic.
He wrote: "You have an opportunity to show that something could help more autistic children.
"I challenge you to go to Kerri Rivera's clinic in Mexico or one of the meetings and talk to the mothers and children who have used it. Take RTE cameras with you.
"Tell you what, I will go with you too and let's see the whole truth".
Prime Time claimed he then referred them to an online video by Kerri Rivera promoting MMS.
Ms Murphy said she had ordered MMS on the internet, but never gave it to her daughter.
"When I saw on Prime Time that this was actually a potentially dangerous product I was totally shocked," she added.
Prime Time said Dr Magee said he finds it "hard to believe that the improvements seen are some kind of anomalies without proper explanation".


A couple found a venomous black widow spider had been living in their VW camper van for nine months after it was discovered by a mechanic in Worcestershire.

The couple, who do not wish to be named, imported the camper van from Sacramento in California in November.
They stored it in their garage before taking it to a Strensham mechanic, who found the spider on Thursday.
The spider has been rehomed at a butterfly farm in Warwickshire.
Carl Marshall, from the Stratford Butterfly Farm, said: "The mechanic was working on the underside of the vehicle when he spotted the spider and told the owner it was there.
"We went over there and collected it last Thursday."
Mr Marshall said although the spider was "very, very venomous", it would have been unlikely to have attacked a human unless it had been squashed or sat on.
The female spider was found alongside a sac of eggs, which was also taken to the farm.
"The egg sacs were empty and it is very unlikely the young would have survived in Britain's colder temperatures," said Mr Marshall.
"The spider itself probably only survived the winter because it stayed in the camper van, where it was slightly warmer."
However, he advised the owner to be cautious.
"It does sometimes happen that black widows are found in imported vehicles," he said.
The spider is being kept in a biological hazard enclosure at the farm.
Source: Stratford Butterfly Farm


A bullet has been found in the exhumed body of one of those killed in shootings in Ballymurphy in 1971.

The round was discovered after the exhumation of Joseph Murphy.
Mr Murphy, 41, a father of 12, was injured in Ballymurphy, west Belfast, in August 1971 and died 13 days later in hospital.
Nine others were also killed during a series of shootings by paratroopers over three days.
Earlier this year Coroner Jim Kitson told a preliminary hearing an exhumation order had been granted because of the "exceptional circumstances" of the case.
The shootings occurred during Operation Demetrius, when paramilitary suspects were being detained and interned without trial.
A priest and a mother of eight were among the civilians killed by the Parachute Regiment.
•Fr Hugh Mullan
•Francis Quinn
•Daniel Teggart
•Joan Connolly
•Joseph Murphy
•Noel Phillips
•Edward Doherty
•John Laverty
•Joseph Corr
•John McKerr
An 11th person died of a heart attack after a confrontation involving a soldier.
Earlier this year, Mr Murphy's family said they believe he was shot at a military barracks after being injured and that a bullet may still be lodged in his leg.
Mr Murphy's daughter, Janet Donnelly, told BBC Radio Ulster's Evening Extra that her father had been shot in the right thigh and taken to the Henry Taggart army base. She said he lived for 13 days after he was wounded.
"He told my mother that while he was in the barracks, he was shot into his open wound. My father died and about two years ago, the Historic Enquiries Team (HET) uncovered new evidence to suggest there was a second bullet."
Ms Donnelly said the recovery of the bullet on Tuesday was "massive" for her family.
"My father was shot and then he was shot a second time inside an army base. This just proved the story that I grew up with that my father told my mummy," she said.
"Instead of being treated for his injuries he was beaten and then shot again."
She said his death had devastated their family.
"We were all young children and were left without a father," she said.
"We are getting closer to finding out what happened and I will go on until we get to the truth."
Mark O'Connor, a solicitor for the family, said: "This is an historic breakthrough. I'm delighted on behalf of the family.
"It's due to their hard work and perseverance that this evidence has been obtained."


Luge is a relatively new form of one of the oldest winter activities in the world.

The luge, which translates as 'sled', sees competitors travelling feet-first down an icy track at up to 85mph - with only a helmet for protection.
The competitor lies on a pod made of moulded fibreglass, designed to match the contours of the slider.
The pod sits on two metal runners called steels which curve upwards. These are attached to 'kufens' at the front which steer the pod. Kufens and steels are longer on the doubles luge.
There are no brakes. To slow down, the slider drags their feet along the ice and grips the kufens.
Luge has many benefits, though they may not initially be clear to you when standing at the top of the run for the first time.
Given the confined space in which lugers operate, any small movement is key - so the sport encourages strong movement skills along with improved agility, balance, and coordination.
Strength and conditioning are essential to withstand the speeds and G-forces encountered as you progress in the sport.
Yes, you can learn to luge in Britain. Chill Factor-e in Manchester now offers a dedicated luge facility. It's only 60m long and far removed from the Olympic event, but it will offer you a taste.
Beyond that, anyone keen to pursue luge in the UK will have to be prepared to travel abroad to improve. Britain's only Olympic luger of recent times, AJ Rosen, was born and trains in the United States.
Luge takes it influence from early sled competitions in Scandinavia, as well as the inception of sports like skeleton and bobsleigh in Switzerland and St Moritz.
Team GB's website explains that an Australian student, George Robertson, won what is reputed to be the world's first international sled race in 1883, on a 4km stretch of Swiss road.
Luge events were introduced to Olympic competition for the first time in 1964, when Thomas Kohler of East Germany became the first gold medallist. The programme hasn't changed from its original Olympic format, although luge competitors now use the same course as the bobsleigh.
Are you inspired to try Luge? Or maybe you are a keen enthusiast already? Get in touch and tell us your experience of the activity by tweeting us on @bbcgetinspired or email us on getinspired@bbc.co.uk.
See our full list of activity guides for more inspiration.


Jeremy Corbyn will sing the national anthem at future official events, Labour sources have told the BBC.

It follows criticism from Labour MPs and members of his shadow cabinet that he opted to remain silent at a service to mark the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Britain.
The new Labour leader, who believes in the abolition of the monarchy, insisted he had shown respect at the event.
But he appeared to shift his position when quizzed about it.
He said: "I am going to be at many events. I will take part fully in those events."
Sources later indicated to the BBC's Norman Smith that that meant he would be singing the anthem in future.
Tuesday's service at St Paul's Cathedral, to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Britain, was Mr Corbyn's first official ceremonial engagement since becoming Labour leader.
During the event, he sat next to senior members of the RAF, including ACM Sir Andrew Pulford, and other politicians, including Prime Minister David Cameron and Defence Secretary Michael Fallon.
Mr Corbyn's decision to remain silent attracted a lot of comment on social media and is on the front page of several newspapers.
Conservative MP Sir Nicholas Soames - grandson of Sir Winston Churchill - accused the Labour leader of being "rude" to the Queen and being "very disrespectful to the Battle of Britain pilots who gave their all".
"I think he needs to make his mind up whether he is a grown-up or not," added the Conservative MP.
Mr Corbyn, who may face further criticism when he faces David Cameron for the first time at Prime Minister's Questions later, has received some support from Labour figures.
Shadow chief secretary to the Treasury Seema Malhotra says her new leader was "absolutely loyal to the interests of Britain".
And Lord Falconer, shadow justice secretary, said: "I'm absolutely sure that Jeremy Corbyn is a genuine patriot."
But Kate Green told BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "Jeremy absolutely stands with and respects everybody who has fought, who has lost their life, been wounded in fighting oppressions and defending our freedoms.
"For many people, the monarchy, singing the national anthem is a way of showing that respect. I think it would have been appropriate and right and respectful of people's feelings to have done so."
She added: "It will have offended and hurt people."
And Labour peer Admiral Lord West of Spithead, a former First Sea Lord, said singing the national anthem was "a sign of loyalty to the United Kingdom and British people".
"I cannot believe that the people of our great nation could contemplate a prime minister who lacks that loyalty," he said.
Shadow work and pensions secretary Owen Smith said he would have advised Mr Corbyn to sing the national anthem "irrespective of his views" about the monarchy - but added the matter had been "blown out of all proportion".
He said it was a "low order" issue compared to the refugee crisis and the debate over the future of the welfare state.
UKIP leader Nigel Farage, who was at the service, said Mr Corbyn was "a hardcore republican to his fingertips, something that very few Labour voters would support".
A spokesman for Mr Corbyn said: "Jeremy attended [the] event to show respect for those who fought in conflicts for Britain.
"As he said in the words issued this morning, the heroism of the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain is something to which we all owe an enormous debt of gratitude."
The service focused on honouring the "many" who supported the Battle of Britain pilots, described by Winston Churchill as "the few".
Ahead of the event, Mr Corbyn highlighted the fact that his mother had served as an air raid warden and his father was in the Home Guard.
He said: "Like that whole generation, they showed tremendous courage and determination to defeat fascism.
"The heroism of the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain is something to which we all owe an enormous debt of gratitude."
After the service, he said it had made him think of his mother and "the ARP [air raid precautions] medal she was given".
Downing Street said Mr Cameron - who has weekly audiences with the Queen - attached "importance" to the national anthem and was "very proud" to sing it.
The prime minister's official spokeswoman said: "The importance that the PM attaches to the national anthem is visible every time he is at one of these commemorative services. He is very proud and willing to join with others singing the national anthem."
Mr Corbyn is a long-standing republican but has said he will accept an invitation to become a member of the Privy Council - a historic body made up of current senior and former politicians, which advises the Queen on affairs of state.


Four lion cubs have been shown off to the public for the first time since their birth on 22 June.

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12 September 2014 Last updated at 09:31 BST
The African lions had been hidden away in their den being cared for by their mother, Oshana, at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park in California.
But on Thursday Ernest, Evelyn, Marion and Miss Ellen went out to the main enclosure.
Keepers say the cubs follow their mum around at the moment but sometimes run off to play in grass or climb rocks.


Twenty miles west of Moscow, a new technology race, rather like the space race of the 1960s, is opening up.

In the area of farmland, Russia is trying to build its own version of Silicon Valley - the Skolkovo Innovation Centre.
It is part of the government initiative to divert the country away from its economic dependence on oil and gas and towards a new kind of industry.
It has been a key policy for Dmitry Medvedev, the man who was Russia's president until he was replaced by Vladimir Putin at the beginning of May 2012.
The Skolkovo project is widely criticised in Russia and construction work has still not started in earnest more than two years after the proposals was announced.
Another aim of this proposed technology drive is to keep clever Russians in the country, along with their money-making ideas, rather than them leaving because they are fed up with corruption and the weight of bureaucracy.
Many of these technology companies are able to start up because of funds acquired from venture capitalists.
But how do these venture capitalists decide who to back?
"We look for proven business models that work abroad and we basically copy them and bring them to Russia," says Richard Creitzman at Fast Lane Ventures.
"We find the ideas, we find the people, we find the funding," he says.
"We give a management team the opportunity to start up a company, assisted with infrastructure, and let them try to build that company."
The Russian government is promoting technology and internet-based companies, and Mr Creitzman says the development at Skolkovo is a good example of using state money along with private funding.
The success of such ventures depends on Russians adapting to new ideas.
"The use of the internet and e-commerce sites, buying things online, which is a normal thing to do in the West, is just starting here,"  Mr Creitzman says.
"People tend not to pay by credit cards, they tend to pay the courier that delivers the item.
"There is less trust of credit cards, less trust of the goods, so the market isn't as developed here yet as it is in the West."
Looking ahead, with the new Vladimir Putin presidency, thoughts turn to what the business climate is going to be in the next few years.
"We are not planning for any major changes," says Mr Creitzman.
"Every couple of weeks there is an investment committee that sits down and goes through a range of ideas that are developed by the management, the shareholders and the business analysts," he says.
He maintains that the state has money, especially as the oil price is probably going to remain good in the medium-term - maybe three to five years.
"Skolkovo was created under President Medvedev's presidency. I don't think that is going to change. I think that will continue to have support because it's for the good of the state to develop new businesses," he says.
Lokata is a small company taking advantage of the pro-technology climate, which received funding from Fast Lane Ventures.
Zhanna Shalimova, the chief executive, says her company allows people to search for goods and services online in the brochures and catalogues of retailers and service providers.
She has taken the idea from a German company doing the same thing and implemented it in Russia.
"We are very lucky because we have such really strong shareholders," she says.
"We have Fast Lane Ventures, who are specialists in internet start-ups as they know this industry very well," she says.
She concedes Lokata may not be a typical start-up because they have a product that was already developed and tested in Europe.
"But still I think that there are many bureaucratic things in Russia, which makes life not so easy," she says.
However, that does not deter her and she sees her business growing outside the main cities.
"Internet connectivity in Russian regions may exceed 85% by 2015. This makes the regions highly attractive for advertisers," she says.
"We created Lokata as a national service that will cover the whole country."


Hundreds of hooded anti-government protesters have clashed with Italian police in Florence as they demonstrated against a constitutional referendum put forward by Prime Minister Matteo Renzi.

They threw smoke bombs and firecrackers on police, who responded with tear gas.
The bill aims to reduce the role of the Senate and cut powers of regional governments. Opponents say it will lead to an excessive concentration of power.
Mr Renzi has vowed to resign if he loses the 4 December vote.
He says the plan will streamline the Italian parliament, cut costs and give Italy more stable government.
But recent opinion polls suggest voters will reject it.
The young protesters were marching through the centre of Florence trying to reach a building where Mr Renzi's Democratic Party was holding its annual convention.
Demonstrators, some carrying banners reading "No to Renzi", tried to separate from the police in riot gear by dragging metal fences into the streets.
Reports said they were among a larger group of peaceful protesters against the referendum.
Florence's Mayor Dario Nardella condemned the protests, saying: "Demonstrating is a right, but the use of violence is despicable and unacceptable."
One officer was hurt in the leg during the clashes, Italian media said.


Carl Frampton beat Scott Quigg via a split decision in Manchester to add the WBA super-bantamweight title to the IBF title he already owned.

Belfast's Frampton, 29, was in full control of the first half of the fight, during which his opponent simply could not find his range.
Bury's Quigg, 27, finally came alive down the stretch as the contest turned into a desperate tussle, but Frampton gave as good as he got.
Bizarrely, one judge scored it 115-113 for Quigg, while the two others scored it 116-112 in Frampton's favour.
Frampton said: "The travelling support has been unbelievable - this isn't Manchester, is it? Seems like it is Belfast.
"I couldn't believe it was a spilt [decision]. I don't know what that lad was watching. He needs to take a long hard look at himself.
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"I knew it was going to be a boring fight - I had to sell it for TV. I knew I had the brain to do that and make it boring."
Although there was no rematch clause in the contract, there was a verbal agreement that they would do it all again in Belfast if the first fight warranted it.
And while it was a slow-burner, a cracking second half ensued, which sent the 20,000 fans packed into the Manchester Arena into raptures - and will surely mean a return will take place later this year.
It was Quigg's first defeat in 34 professional fights, stretching back to 2007. Frampton is undefeated in 22 fights since turning pro in 2009.
Frampton-Quigg was one of the most eagerly-anticipated domestic match-ups in recent memory, and the first time two undefeated British boxers had fought to unify a world title.
The Northern Irishman was a narrow favourite with the bookmakers. However, his odds lengthened after he was knocked down twice by unheralded Mexican Alejandro Gonzalez last July, on the same day that Englishman Quigg demolished tough Spaniard Kiko Martinez - who had taken Frampton the distance in 2014.
Both men claimed to have won the mind games during a heated build-up, as well as insisting they were the better boxer and that losing was not an option.
While it was expected there would be an even split of fans, the reactions to the fighters' entrances suggested Frampton had the lion's share of support, despite Quigg being the 'home' fighter.
Frampton probably nicked a largely non-eventful first round courtesy of a couple of crisp jabs, while the second went largely the same way until the last minute, when Quigg finally came out of his shell.
There was more engagement in the third, with Frampton continuing to stalk his rival and Quigg grazing Frampton's chin with a couple of flashing left hooks.
Frampton, demonstrating a better appreciation of distance, controlled the fourth as well, although Quigg did land with one thudding overhand right.
As the fifth rolled by, it was becoming difficult to work out what Quigg's game-plan was, other than to catch Frampton off guard with a big right hand.
There were a few boos after the sixth, which Frampton, boxing beautifully on the back foot, controlled again.
Quigg finally started taking a few risks in the seventh, but that only allowed Frampton to show off his defensive skills and pick him off on the counter.
Round eight was probably Quigg's, courtesy of a couple of big right hands and a sweet uppercut. However, he also missed with some wind-milling right hands.
The fight was finally cooking by the ninth, during which Quigg tagged Frampton with a juddering right hand and a strafing left hook.
The 10th was a tremendous round, with both men opening up, trading blows to head and body and doing extremely well not to buckle.
And the following round was more of the same, with some vicious body shots bookended by two more huge Quigg right hands, which clearly hurt his rival.
The previously bitter rivals hugged before the final round, which ended with Frampton showing off his Ali-shuffle, a sure sign he thought he had won by some distance.
In the chief support, Gavin McDonnell earned a unanimous decision over Panama's Jorge Sanchez to earn a shot at the WBC super-bantamweight title.
After his victory, the undefeated Doncaster boxer said he would like to fight the winner of Frampton-Quigg.
Also on the undercard, Manchester's Hosea Burton stopped Hertfordshire's Miles Shinkwin in round six to win the vacant British light-heavyweight title.
Morecambe's Isaac Lowe stopped Belfast's Marco McCullough to secure the vacant Commonwealth featherweight belt.
And former Commonwealth Games gold medallist Scott Fitzgerald won on his pro debut, the Preston light-middleweight stopping Swindon's Ben Heap in round three.


Barclays shares closed down 7% after reporting a drop in full-year profits, a dividend cut and a restructuring including reducing its stake in Africa.

Underlying annual profits for 2015 fell 2% to £5.4bn. The bank said it would cut its dividend by more than half to 3p per share in 2016 and 2017.
Barclays also announced a further £1.45bn provision for PPI mis-selling.
It said it wanted to form two, main core divisions - Barclays UK and Barclays Corporate and International.
The bank said it would slim down its 62.3% stake in its Africa business in the next two to three years.
Barclays said it would split the company into Barclays UK and Barclays Corporate and International by 2019.
The UK's big four banks are having to make these changes to comply with tougher new banking regulations designed to prevent ordinary customers suffering from decisions made by investment bankers in the event of another credit crisis.
Barclays, like most of the world's major banks, has been tainted by - and fined for - rigging prices in both foreign exchange and Libor interest rates.
It confirmed it was assisting both the US Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in their investigation about Barclays's hiring practices in Asia, which centre on allegations jobs were given to people with influence.
In the UK, the bank said it had put aside a further £1.45bn this quarter to meet compensation claims for mis-selling payment protection insurance (PPI).
That brings the total for this year to £2.77bn.
Barclays has so far set aside £7.42bn for wrongly selling this insurance for loans.
Mr Staley told the BBC his main aim was to restore the bank's reputation.
"We are working at Barclays to change conduct," he said.
"I am truly dedicated that Barclays rests itself on the foundations of integrity and engenders trust from our clients, so the conduct issues will be a thing of the past.
"I do believe that trust is returning to our institution.
"But we will never rest, we are never done.
"We have to focus on building that trust every day."
Mr Staley said the bank's decision on Africa, where it has had a presence for more than 100 years, had been "very difficult".
"The reality is, in this new regulatory environment, we carry 100% of the liabilities, but we only own 62% of Barclays Africa," he said.
"It truncated possible returns from investing in Africa."
Barclays has more than 12 million customers across 12 nations in Africa.
"You go to places like Uganda and Kenya and the brand of Barclays is as strong there as it is in the UK," Mr Staley said.
"But we have to make some very difficult decisions if we are going to get Barclays into focused, clear, compelling business model that generates returns for our shareholders."
Laith Khalaf, senior analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown, said the new boss was clearly taking a big broom to Barclays's operations in an attempt to dramatically simplify the group.
"When the dust has cleared, the bank should have two high-quality financial services divisions, and the potential to offer investors a decent dividend, but it is going to take some elbow grease to get there," he said.
Mr Khalaf said the move to reduce its interests in Africa made sense as it would "free up capital and get rid of an unwanted distraction as the bank continues its clean-up operations".
The news that Barclays intends to retreat from Africa after 100 years of doing business there was one of the most eye-catching lines from the Barclays boss.
In recent years, former chief executive Antony Jenkins and before him Bob Diamond had described Africa as an important growth market for the bank.
Barclays Africa employs 45,000 people in Africa, so it is not an easy thing to sell, and the list of potential buyers is not a long one.
At the top of that list of potential buyers might be ex-Barclays chief executive Bob Diamond.
Read more from Simon
Barclays also said its bonus pool for staff in 2015 had shrunk 10% to £1.67bn.
Mr Staley, who took up his post in December, told the BBC the bank was competing on an international level.
"In the last four years, Barclays bonus pool has been cut in half," he said.
"This is a dramatic move - but we need to pay competitively.
"Whether it is a bank manager in Manchester or a banker in New York, we need to pay our people competitively for Barclays to be competitive."
The annual report shows former chief executive Antony Jenkins, who was sacked in July, was paid £3.4m last year, of which £500,000 was a bonus payment.


Eurozone countries need to put more money in their rescue fund before G20 nations can step in to help them, the G20 finance ministers have said.

They said such a move was "essential" to their decision to provide more resources to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to help the region.
Earlier this month, eurozone leaders set up a permanent bailout fund of 500bn euro ($673bn; Â£420bn).
There are concerns the fund may not be able to rescue a deeply indebted state.
"We have to see the colour of the eurozone's money first - and quite frankly, that hasn't happened," the British chancellor George Osborne said.
"Until it does, there's no question of extra IMF money from Britain or probably anyone else."
Any move to boost the eurozone rescue fund is likely to put more pressure on the leading eurozone economies, especially Germany.
The eurozone's biggest economy has so far resisted calls to increase the size of the bailout fund and sent mixed signals regarding whether it was prepared to change its stance.
On the eve of the G20 meeting, German finance minister Wolfgang Schauble wrote in an article published in the Mexican newspaper El Universal that he was against such a move.
"Should we increase even more the firewalls? The response is a resounding no," he wrote.
"This would not only not solve the problems of debt and competitiveness that brought the affected countries to their current state of affairs, it would also discourage their governments from carrying out consolidation and reform."
However, after the meeting, Mr Schauble said that eurozone leaders would look into the matter and take a decision as early as next month.
Meanwhile, Olli Rehn, European Commissioner for Economic and Monetary Affairs urged the region's leaders to solve the issue as soon as possible.
"One of the crucial lessons of this crisis has been that... the longer we wait the more costly it tends to get," he said.
The eurozone debt crisis has seen growth slowing down in the region's economies.
Italy and the Netherlands both slipped into a recession in the last quarter of 2011. They saw their economies shrink by 0.7% during the three months to the end of December, the second consecutive quarter of economic contraction.
Germany had its first negative quarter since 2009 with a decline of 0.2% in the October to December quarter, compared with the previous three months.
The fear is that if not controlled and solved in time, the region's debt crisis may start to hurt global economic growth.
The eurozone is a key market for Asia exports. As growth slows down in the region, consumer demand is likely to fall and hurt Asia's export-dependent economies.
The G20 finance ministers warned that risks to global economic growth continue to remain high.
"The international economic environment has continued to be characterized by an uneven performance, with weak growth in advanced economies and a stronger, albeit slowing, expansion in emerging markets," the ministerssaid in a joint statementissued after the meeting in Mexico.


TV chef Heston Blumenthal appears to have found the key ingredient to give elderly hospital patients an appetite.

Working with food scientists at the University of Reading, the bespectacled kitchen guru discovered ingredients rich in the fifth basic taste, umami, makes food more appealing.
In a trial with 31 elderly patients his enhanced meals were a clear winner over regular hospital dishes.
A dash of Worcester sauce, soy or ketchup may be enough, the work shows.
The enhanced recipe put to the test was Heston's cottage pie.
Patients were asked to eat as much or as little of it as they wanted. They were also offered a standard cottage pie for comparison but were not told which of the two dishes was Heston's.
Overall, the patients rated the TV chef's meal as far tastier, the journal Nutrition and Aging reports.
They also ate more of it, but more trials are needed to see whether Heston's recipes will prevent malnutrition by getting patients to eat more.
Around one in three people admitted to hospital or care homes in the UK are found to be malnourished or at risk of malnourishment.
Flavour in foods, especially savoury ones, is enhanced by umami - known as the fifth taste, and also the Japanese word for delicious and savoury.
The umami taste is due to the detection of an amino acid common in meat, cheese, broth, stock, and other protein-rich foods.
The other four tastes are salt, sour, sweet and bitter.


Head teachers are to be offered a new package of training support as part of a £3.5m Scottish government scheme.

The Excellence in Headship programme aims to help school leaders "improve critical self-awareness, leadership of learning, lead system change and organisational effectiveness".
Education Secretary John Swinney made the announcement in Edinburgh.
The government later announced plans for the expansion of early learning entitlement in a Holyrood statement.
Mr Swinney also announced a £3m partnership with the Hunter Foundation for a series of leadership academies.
Launching the fund at Queen Margaret University, the deputy first minister said: "Effective school leadership is key to the success of schools. As a result, it is vital we invest in our head teachers and support them to deliver superb schooling for children in Scotland.
"I am delighted to announce that Excellence in Headship is now open for recruitment, backed by £1.6m of Scottish government funding over the next four years.
"In addition, the Scottish government, in partnership with the Hunter Foundation, will support leadership academies delivered by Columba 1400 which will benefit 320 head teachers in its first year.
"The head teacher role is challenging but hugely rewarding and I want to support teachers to take the step to headship while also committing to supporting head teachers already in post."
Sir Tom Hunter confirmed his foundation would invest £1m over the next four years, alongside £2m from the government, towards the leadership academies.
He said: "Education is the enabler, the leveller of playing fields, but to deliver that we need great leadership in our schools.
"The pace of change in the world of work is an incredible challenge for our school leaders and teachers - 65% of our young people joining primary school this year will go to jobs that don't even exist today.
"So, rightly, we need to invest more in supporting our school leaders and that's why we are delighted to be investing £1m alongside the Scottish government's £2m into world-class school leadership.
"In addition, the Hunter Foundation intends to build a world-class alumni programme for educational leaders across Scotland to enhance and build upon the excellence that Columba 1400 will deliver in leadership."
In a later statement at Holyrood, early years minister Mark McDonald told MSPs that a 31-point action plan would be published as part of the delivery of a pledge to increase early learning and childcare entitlement to 1,140 hours per year.


Soap stars have paid tribute to Coronation Street legend Anne Kirkbride at this year's British Soap Awards.

The actress, who played Deirdre for 42 years - until her death in January aged 60 - was honoured with an award for outstanding achievement.
William Roache, who played on-screen husband Ken Barlow, presented the award to Kirkbride's husband David Beckett.
Rival soap EastEnders dominated the awards ceremony in Manchester, winning eight awards.
The BBC One soap - which marked its 30th anniversary earlier this year with a live episode revealing who murdered Lucy Beale - won the coveted best soap title.
Long-serving cast member Adam Woodyatt, who plays Lucy's father Ian, won the best actor award, while Kellie Bright - Queen Vic landlady Linda Carter - was named best actress.
Bright also scooped the award for best dramatic performance, presented by The Queen Vic's first landlady, Anita Dobson.
Woodyatt and Laurie Brett, who plays Ian Beale's wife Jane, were named best on-screen partnership.
The search for Lucy's killer was named best storyline and the soap's live episode was named best single episode.
EastEnders scriptwriter Rob Gittins also received the outstanding achievement award for off-screen work.
Coronation Street picked up just one other award, with Sally Dynevor winning best comedy performance as Sally Webster.
Paying tribute to his longtime co-star Kirkbride, Roache called her "a wonderful, natural, instinctive actress who devoted her career to Coronation Street".
Roache said "love and warmth shone through" her character, adding that she was "as much a part of the street as the cobbles themselves".
"She could make you laugh and make you cry in equal measure, though she preferred to make you laugh."
Receiving the award, Kirkbride's husband made his own tribute: "On behalf of her family, her friends, her co-workers, we were the lucky ones, we knew you. Thanks Annie."
The event also included a tribute to EastEnders star John Bardon, who played Jim Branning, who died last year.
The ceremony will be broadcast on ITV on Thursday 21 May at 20:00 BST.


A deal to sell one of Europe's biggest private stately homes to an investment company has fallen through.

The Grade I-listed Wentworth Woodhouse, near Rotherham, South Yorkshire, is larger than Buckingham Palace.
The 82-acre estate has been on sale since May with a price tag in excess of Â£8m. The deal had been due to be completed shortly, with terms agreed.
Estate Agents Savills confirmed the deal with Lake House Group, which is based in Hong Kong, was off.
A Savills spokesperson would not comment on a Times report stating subsidence caused by mining had been the reason behind the pull-out.
The Wentworth Woodhouse Preservation Trust (WWPT) said an estimated Â£42m is needed to spend on repairs to the home.
The Georgian mansion, which is open to the public for tours, has more than 300 rooms and a 185m (606ft) facade.
Julie Kenny, chair of the WWPT, said: "It did always strike me that they might drop out, so we have continued and will continue the battle to save this beautiful home.
"It needs a proper plan to repair it, renovate it and then open it to the public."
It was bought in 1999 by architect Clifford Newbold, who died in April. His family made the "reluctant decision" to sell the property after his death.
Restoration work was under way but it had been hampered by subsidence caused by mining, which was a key source of income to help with running costs for the house's former owners.
The history of Wentworth Woodhouse and the nearby village of Wentworth is linked with three aristocratic families, the Wentworths, Watsons and Fitzwilliams.


"Everything here is cheaper than my hometown," says 25-year-old Patthanan Chatchavalthitiwath clutching her Burberry shopping bag.

The Thai student reckons she's saved up to £10 on the perfume she bought for her sister thanks to the pound's fall.
She is one of the overseas shoppers Burberry has credited for driving up UK sales by almost a third.
The British fashion house said tourists' higher spending power due to the drop in sterling drove the rise.
Comparable European sales, which exclude new store openings, were higher in the first half of the year, marking the first rise for over a year.
The firm, which makes just 15% of its sales in the UK, said the pound's fall would increase full year profit.
Patthanan, shopping in Burberry's flagship store on London's Regent Street, is one of the many foreign tourists taking advantage of the fact that they are currently getting substantially more pounds in exchange for their foreign currency.
"I buy a lot of clothes, shoes, perfumes and cosmetics. Everything is cheaper than in my country particularly brand names," she says.
The pound has fallen almost 20% since the Brexit vote on 23 June, and around 16% against the euro.
The drop has helped to drive overall tourist spending higher.
Will Brexit be a boon for tourists?
Louis Vuitton handbags 'cheapest in London'
According to FTSE 100-listed payments processor Worldpay, foreign card spending growth was up 3.4% in August compared with the previous year, and online sales growth rose by 5.3%. High Street sales were up 3.0%.
The most recent official statistics also show signs of a tentative rise in tourism, with overseas residents making a whopping 3.8 million visits to the UK in July, up 2% on the same month last year. In total, they spent some £2.5bn.
However, the boom in UK tourism hasn't been enough to offset Burberry's other woes.
Total sales at the designer fell, with Burberry blaming the 4% drop to £1.16bn in the six months to the end of September on a fall in wholesale and licensing revenues, which dragged down its overall performance.
Nonetheless, Burberry, which has been overhauling the business including redesigning its website and offering customers the opportunity to personalise products, said it was on track to meet its financial goals for the full year.
Because of the pound's fall, the money Burberry makes abroad in dollars, euros and yen is worth more back in the UK as those currencies buy more pounds when converted into sterling.
In July, it said the drop in the pound would boost full year profit by around £90m, but it said the continuing falls in sterling meant it now expected this figure to rocket to £125m.
Current chief executive and chief creative officer Christopher Bailey, said the external environment remained "challenging" but that the "strength of our brand give us confidence for the future".
Mr Bailey will relinquish his chief executive role next year, with Marco Gobbetti, who currently runs French luxury label Celine, taking over the role.
The firm said some of its strongest performers in the first half of the year were bags. Its Bridle bag was the best-selling item from its September catwalk collection, and its new rucksack and Buckle bag collection also did well.
George Salmon, equity analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown, said the pound's fall had made a trip to Burberry's UK shops "a more attractive option for overseas luxury shoppers".
"With the cost of the flights justified by the saving on just a handful of Burberry's premium products, the group is already seeing a significant increase in luxury consumers taking advantage of the lower pound," he said.
However, he cautioned that with UK sales making up a relatively small percentage of Burberry's business, conditions for the luxury retailer remained difficult.


The partner of a woman seriously injured while watching the North West 200 motorbike races has paid tribute to quick-thinking doctors at the scene.

Violet McAfee, 44, was in the garden of a friend's house when three bikes crashed during Saturday's opening race.
She suffered serious head and leg injuries. She was taken to hospital by helicopter. Her condition is stable.
Two riders were also taken to hospital. One, Stephen Thompson, is also now in a stable condition.
Horst Saiger returned home to Liechtenstein on Monday after being treated in Coleraine's Causeway hospital for a broken arm.
Dean Harrison was unhurt.
Ms McAfee - who is a mother of one - and Mr Thompson are both being treated at Belfast's Royal Victoria Hospital.
Violet's partner said he did not want to comment on the actual crash.
"It is just one of those freak accidents that happens. I cannot say much more about it," he said.
He told BBC NI's Good Morning Ulster programme that both he and Violet enjoyed going up to see the race when they were off work.
The crash happened at a friend's house, he said.
"There was a spectator who was an orthopaedic surgeon and he was very quickly on the scene," he said.
"Then, obviously Dr Fred McSorley treated her, to be honest she may not have been here - his quick thinking maybe saved things."
Speaking about Ms McAfee, he said: "She is stable at the minute obviously. But the next week or so will be the big milestone for her."
He said one of the riders involved in the crash had talked to him.
"Horst Saiger spoke to me and said he wishes her a speedy recovery as well," he said.
"It could have been a lot worse. There were quite a few people about. The marshals also said if my friend's car hadn't been in the way, it could have pulled it on up a few more gardens. The walls are very low."
Violet McAfee is believed to be the first spectator to have been injured in a crash at the North West 200.
Safety concerns have now been raised about racing through residential areas.
A full investigation into the crash is now under way.
North West 200 event director Mervyn Whyte said he had visited the families of both Ms McAfee and Mr Thompson.
In a statement, he said: "The organisers of the North West 200 will offer our full support to Violet and Stephen and their families and I want to assure them that they are in our thoughts and prayers throughout this time."
He added: "I would like to thank the members of the medical team who were involved in treating those who were injured on Saturday.
"The care and expertise they provide is the very best in the world and we are very grateful that we have this available to us at the North West 200."


Sam Smith has called preparing for the Grammy Awards an "un-human experience".

Media playback is unsupported on your device
8 February 2015 Last updated at 09:28 GMT
He's performing at America's biggest music awards show in Los Angeles on Sunday night, where he's up for six prizes.
Sam said: "I just feel very overwhelmed and I'm just trying to concentrate on not to trip on stage - not that I'm doing much dancing!"
He is the first British male artist to be nominated for all of the 'big four' prizes - record of the year and song of the year (both for Stay With Me), album of the year (for In The Lonely Hour), and best new artist.
Watch the clip to hear from Sam, as well as Ariana Grande, and Lady Gaga and Tony Bennett.


Over the past few weeks, the BBC has been reporting on the trends in US manufacturing - the challenges of the digital age, running factories in the city and why young start-up entrepreneurs are attracted to the industry.

But what's it like to actually work in manufacturing, making the goods we use on a daily basis? And how has it changed - from Henry Ford's assembly lines to today's cutting edge factory floor?
As of May 2015, there were over 12.3 million people - nearly 9% of the total US workforce - engaged in manufacturing everything from Ford Mustangs to Steinway pianos.
We hear from three workers who've been building the products that many Americans have used:
Darry Woodson has worked for the plane-maker Boeing for 26 years. He has been making wings for the 737 plane for nearly two decades.
"It's crazy busy but I love it. You come in at 3am and you go home 1.30-2 o'clock and it feels like just three hours. If I sat behind a desk all day I'd fall asleep.
Making the wings has changed considerably. They're getting easier to build and faster.
We do a lot more by machine than we used to. But we do a lot more of the same, repetitive motion which makes you good at [a particular task] but makes you worn out. We do a lot of job rotation and that keeps the [injuries] down.
At work, it's a pretty friendly atmosphere. But after work, there's a lot of people irritated with the way the last contract went. They [changed] our pension... we had a guaranteed pension plan. It's not right. We're the ones making the money for the company.
We've cut the size of the plant in half, eliminated half of our footprint but we're still pushing out more aircraft than has ever been made commercially - 42 planes a month [up from 14 planes a month] more than 2 a day. Every six hours you got to get to a new wing.
Aside from the contract issue, where we're just trying to keep what we had, it's been a very good company to work for. My wife and I have raised four beautiful girls from it. But I still want my pension."
"I started on the assembly line, where I worked for about four or five years. I've been in my current job [as a trainer] for three years. My 13 year-old daughter laughs at me for always pointing out Cummins engines but I'm proud of what I do.
My mum works here, my brother and a cousin. It's great - I get to see my mum every day, we try to have breakfast every morning. And I still hear about it if she catches me slacking off.
There's not a whole lot of women in leadership roles in my plant [but] there are plenty of women who could work circles around the others. There's a 50-year old woman here who would work a 50 - 75 hour week and never look tired. We would joke that she's a robot.
The amount you work can vary from 40 hours a week to 65 hours a week. I hate being forced to work overtime. I would rather volunteer so I can choose exactly how many hours I want to work. We went through a phase when we also had to work eight hours on Saturday [as well as the rest of the week]. I was lucky, my sister works in day-care so I always had someone who could look after my daughter.
The technological advances over the years just blow my mind.  When we first started building a new engine model we had a part you had to kind of bear hug and use your knee and leg to flip it over to get it into the correct position. It wasn't heavy but extremely awkward. Now there is a manipulator that does all that for you so there are much less injuries from strain."
"The one thing that's changed in my time is the focus on safety. In the past it was numbers, numbers, numbers and now it's put safety first and the numbers will come. We want people to leave the plant as they came.
I was on the core team that helped develop a new line of washing machines. The engineers came up with the design and my team worked out how we are going to support the operation. We had to combine a lot of jobs but still give them [the workers] time to do the jobs and keep them safe. Some of the lines in the past kind of put the operators in unsafe positions.
I love my job but there have been difficult times. When I was just a regular assembler on the line - I felt like I was going nowhere. My life is better than just shooting the screws - or putting a panel together. But you gotta create your own momentum.
The style [of washing machine] today is different - they've gotten more efficient. And interestingly they've gotten bigger. Sometimes I wonder - where the heck do all these washers go? We make 20,000 a day - where do they all go?"
Interviews edited for clarity. Kim Gittleson contributed reporting.


Morocco says it has arrested a Belgian of Moroccan descent with direct links to the Islamist gunmen and bombers who carried out the Paris attacks.

The man was detained near Casablanca on Friday, the interior ministry said, and had travelled from Syria via Turkey, Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands.
He had fought in Syria with al-Nusra front before joining so-called Islamic State, Morocco said.
The Paris attacks of 13 November killed 130 people.
They are believed to have been at least partly planned in Brussels, and Belgian police have arrested several people as part of their investigation.
Who were the Paris attackers?
Paris attacks: Who were the victims?
Paris attacks: What happened on the night
The Moroccan interior ministry's statement did not name the suspect, but gave his initials in Arabic, which could be translated as either GA or JA.
The statement said the man, arrested in Mohammediya, had travelled to Syria "with one of the suicide bombers of Saint-Denis".
French police raided a flat in the Saint-Denis district of Paris five days after the attacks, searching for the suspected ringleader, Abdelhamid Abaaoud, a Belgian national. He and his cousin Hasna Aitboulahcen died in a fierce gun battle during the raid.
A third person who died during the raid, detonating a suicide bomb, was named by the Paris prosecutor's office last week as Chakib Akrouh, a Belgian-Moroccan national, born in Belgium in 1990. He was identified using DNA from his mother.
Both Akrouh and Abaaoud had spent time in Syria.
The Moroccan statement said the arrested man had "built solid ties with IS leaders, including the ringleader of the Paris attacks".
He would stand trial once investigations finish, it added.
Paris prosecutors would not comment on the arrest.
The focus of the international manhunt remains Frenchman Salah Abdeslam, who is suspected of taking part in the attacks and is still on the run.


A sea cadet, stranded onboard a container vessel in the South China Sea along with three other Scots, has said he is trying to stay positive.

Ruaridh Hanna, from Beauly in the Highlands, has been serving on a Hanjin Shipping vessel for three months.
However, ports around the world are refusing to let Hanjin's ships dock after the company filed for bankruptcy.
Mr Hanna told BBC Radio Scotland the cadets were "taking each day as it comes".
The 22-year-old told the Good Morning Scotland programme that given an opportunity by the UK government to leave the ship, he and the other cadets would take it rather than waiting to see if it would be given permission to dock.
Ports around the world are refusing to let Hanjin Shipping vessels dock or unload, fearing they will not get paid.
The situation has left boats and crew stranded, including the four cadets who are aboard the Hanjin Louisiana as part of their nautical science course at Glasgow College.
Mr Hanna said: "If there was a prospect of us getting off, of course all four of us would take it, simply for the fact that if we don't, we don't know how long we'd be here for.
"There's no berthing schedule, there's no possibility of that kind anytime soon, so certainly, if we got that chance, if the government were able to intervene in some way, then absolutely we would take it."
Mr Hanna's mother Rhona MacLennan has called on the UK government to get involved and get her son and the other cadets off the ship.
She told the programme: "It's been really difficult, the not knowing. I can understand that it's a foreign company but they [the UK government] have to remember that the cadets are all British citizens and their welfare must take priority.
"I hope that they will move now in getting them back to shore."
SNP MP Drew Hendry has also called on the UK government to act and warned that the area was at risk of pirates.
He said: "This week we have had a more positive response from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and I believe that they have actually made some contact with the cadets.
"But it's all moving very slowly and you can see the concerns are building for the cadets and their families. That's the worry - that they're basically sitting trapped in a vessel in an area that does have a risk of piracy."
He added: "The ball is in the court of the UK government now. We've made the representations, they know the situation out there now and they really need to take some action."
Mr Hanna described his situation as "unprecedented". He told the BBC: "It's never happened before. Hanjin are the world's seventh biggest shipping company so for it to collapse like this is unheard of."
He said: "We're trying to keep in positive spirits. There's no news of us getting to port and therefore no news of us getting off the vessel anytime soon. We're taking each day as it comes and we're generally ok."
He added: "They're [Hanjin] not actually telling us anything and we're getting very little in the way of information from anyone.
"Everyday there is more Hanjin vessels coming close to us and anchoring. There was some rumours that we overheard from another vessel that they could potentially go into port in Singapore and unload their cargo but that got cancelled.
"I believe Hanjin are currently $245m (Â£187m) short of the funds needed to unload all their cargo at the moment so there's certainly some way to go yet."
The troubled shipping group has debts of more than $5bn and has struggled to raise funding to rescue $14bn (Â£10.5bn) worth of cargo stranded round the world following its collapse.
Hanjin filed for receivership in South Korea in August after attempts to bail out the indebted company failed.
There are an estimated 89 Hanjin ships out of its 141-vessel fleet in difficulty, and some have been seized by creditors.
On Thursday, a Foreign Office spokesman said: "We are ready to provide consular assistance to any British nationals that have been affected after Hanjin Shipping filed for bankruptcy in a number of countries."


New analysis suggests Chinese-speaking criminals may have been behind the WannaCry ransomware that affected thousands of organisations worldwide.

Researchers from Flashpoint looked at the language used in the ransom notice.
They said the use of proper grammar and punctuation in only the Chinese versions indicated the writer was "native or at least fluent" in Chinese.
The translated versions of the ransom notice appeared to be mostly "machine translated".
The WannaCry ransom note could be displayed in 28 different languages, but only the Chinese and English versions appeared to have been written by humans.
The English text also used some unusual phrases such as: "But you have not so enough time".
The WannaCry cyber-attack infected more than 200,000 computers in 150 countries, affecting government, healthcare and private company systems.
The UK's National Crime Agency, the FBI and Europol are investigating who was responsible for the ransomware.
Some earlier analysis of the software had suggested criminals in North Korea may have been behind it.
But the Flashpoint researchers noted the Korean-language ransom note was a poorly translated version of the English text.
"It was only really the Chinese and the English versions that appeared to be written by someone that understood the language," said cyber-security expert Prof Alan Woodward from the University of Surrey.
"The rest appeared to come from Google Translate. Even the Korean."
Prof Woodward noted that the people behind the ransomware had not attempted to retrieve the money victims had paid in Bitcoin, and added it was likely they were keeping a low profile.
"I actually think they've run for the hills," he told the BBC.
"Their so-called command and control system, the thing that controls quite a lot of the software, has all been turned off.
"They know that so many people are watching them now and that following the money could lead to their downfall. I suspect if they've got any sense at all they'll leave it well alone."


New UKIP leader Paul Nuttall is holding negotiations over whether the former UKIP Wales chief Nathan Gill can continue to be both an AM and an MEP.

Mr Nuttall said there will be a decision "before Christmas".
He said that a planned ballot of party members in Wales on the 'double-jobbing' issue would not "necessarily" take place.
MEP Mr Nuttall met the party's AMs at the Senedd on Tuesday.
He was elected leader last week having won 62.6% of support from party members.
During the leadership campaign, Mr Nuttall warned infighting among UKIP members in the assembly must come to an end if the party is to survive.
"The main reason I'm here in the Senedd is unity. We need to bring ourselves back together," Mr Nuttall said.
He said he had not yet spoken "at length" to Mr Gill about the rift between him and group leader Neil Hamilton.
Mr Nuttall said he will be meeting Mr Gill in Strasbourg next week and will return to the assembly for further discussions.
He said the party will take a "collective decision" on whether Mr Gill can continue to have both jobs - "not only me as party leader but also the National Executive Committee (NEC)".
"We will have a decision before Christmas," he said.
Whether a ballot - earlier proposed by the NEC - goes ahead "will be dependent on the outcome of the meetings and conversations that we have next week", he said.
Mr Nutall said it would "not necessarily" take place. "That will be dependent on what happens next week," he said.
"If this can be sorted in house without any cost to the party, behind closed doors, I would prefer to see it done that way," he said, describing the ballot as a "last resort".
On whether he would like to have Mr Gill back in the assembly group, he said: "I don't like to see anybody leaving UKIP in any way shape or form. These are negotiations which are ongoing."
A rift between Nathan Gill and UKIP AM for Mid and West Wales Neil Hamilton emerged when Mr Hamilton was chosen by a majority of UKIP's seven AMs to lead them in the Senedd following the election in May.
Mr Gill then left UKIP's group in the assembly to sit as an independent AM for north Wales after being threatened with expulsion for refusing to give up his other elected role as an MEP.
Mr Nuttall had been criticised after he said in his acceptance speech that he would "promote the English".
At the news conference he said he had not "forgotten about Wales".
"Let's not forget. You guys have an assembly here. Scotland has a parliament. The Northern Irish have an assembly.
"Yet the English have nothing. That's why the devolution agreement was unfair to England, and that has to be addressed on the basis of fairness."
He said a federal Britain "is the way it's going. It's the direction of travel".


An ancient Roman sarcophagus has been excavated from a building site in central London.

The 1,600-year-old coffin found near Borough Market is thought to contain the remains of a member of nobility.
Archaeologists have been unable to identify the body as the stone coffin has been left filled with soil after being robbed, experts believe.
The sarcophagus will now be taken to the Museum of London's archive for analysis.
The coffin was found several metres underground with its lid slid open, which indicates it was plundered by 18th century thieves.
Gillian King, senior planner for archaeology at Southwark Council, said she hoped the grave robbers "have left the things that were of small value to them but great value to us as archaeologists".
The grave owner must have been "very wealthy and have had a lot of social status to be honoured with not just a sarcophagus, but one that was built into the walls of a mausoleum" Ms King said.
She added: "We always knew this site had the potential for a Roman cemetery, but we never knew there would be a sarcophagus."
The coffin was found on Swan Street last month after the council told developers building new flats on the site to fund an archaeological dig.
Researchers discovered the coffin six months into the dig as they were due to finish their search.
Experts at the Museum of London will now test and date the bones and soil inside.