The Ebola epidemic threatens the "very survival" of societies and could lead to failed states, the World Health Organization (WHO) has warned.

The outbreak, which has killed some 4,000 people in West Africa, has led to a "crisis for international peace and security", WHO head Margaret Chan said.
She also warned of the cost of panic "spreading faster than the virus".
Meanwhile, medics have largely ignored a strike call in Liberia, the centre of the deadliest-ever Ebola outbreak.
Nurses and medical assistants had been urged to strike over danger money and conditions. However, most were working as normal on Monday, the BBC's Jonathan Paye-Layleh in Monrovia said.
A union official said the government had coerced workers - but the government said it had simply asked them to be reasonable.
In a speech delivered on her behalf at a conference in the Philippines, Ms Chan said Ebola was a historic risk.
"I have never seen a health event threaten the very survival of societies and governments in already very poor countries," she said. "I have never seen an infectious disease contribute so strongly to potential state failure."
She warned of the economic impact of "rumours and panic spreading faster than the virus", citing a World Bank estimate that 90% of the cost of the outbreak would arise from "irrational attempts of the public to avoid infection".
Ms Chan also criticised pharmaceutical firms for not focusing on Ebola, condemning a "profit-driven industry [that] does not invest in products for markets that cannot pay".
At the scene: Mark Doyle, BBC international development correspondent, Accra, Ghana
In a corner of a UN compound at Accra airport, the UN's newest agency is having its first warehouse put up.
In a nearby office block, a multinational team of UN workers are finding desks and setting up phone lines for the regional headquarters of the UN Mission for Ebola Emergency Response (UNMEER). The operation is so new that pieces of paper Sellotaped to walls and doors serve as nameplates.
But the question on many minds is why it has taken the UN so long to set up UNMEER. Medical aid agencies working on the front lines in the fight against Ebola, such as Medecins Sans Frontieres, have been sounding the alarm since the beginning of the year.
But UNMEER officials say they didn't realise until recently that the disease was out of control.
The latest outbreak has killed at least 4,033 people in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Nigeria since it was identified in March.
Health workers are among those most at risk of catching the disease. Ninety-five have died from the virus in Liberia.
Liberia's National Health Workers Association had called for a strike to demand an increase in the fee paid to those treating Ebola cases.
The union is seeking a risk fee of $700 (Â£434) a month. It is currently less than $500, on top of basic salaries of between $200 and $300.
The association also wants more protective equipment and insurance for workers.
Source: WHO
Note: figures have occasionally been revised down as suspected or probable cases are found to be unrelated to Ebola. They do not include one death in the US recorded on 8 October.
How not to catch Ebola:
Why Ebola is so dangerous
How Ebola attacks
Ebola: Mapping the outbreak
On Monday, the association's secretary-general, George Williams, said the government had put some health workers under "duress" and persuaded them to work.
The government says the scale of the epidemic means it now cannot afford the risk fee originally agreed. It warned that a strike could also harm patients.
Information Minister Lewis Brown said the government had asked health workers to be reasonable. "We are working with them the best way we possibly can," he said.
Six months after the epidemic began in West Africa, there are still only about a quarter of the treatment beds required to tackle it.
Food is now in short supply as markets are disrupted in some parts of Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea.
In other developments:
Surgical cap
Goggles
Medical mask
Scrubs
Overalls
Apron
Double gloves
Boots
Respirator
The cap forms part of a protective hood covering the head and neck. It offers medical workers an added layer of protection, ensuring that they cannot touch any part of their face whilst in the treatment centre.
Goggles, or eye visors, are used to provide cover to the eyes, protecting them from splashes. The goggles are sprayed with an anti-fogging solution before being worn. On October 21, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  announced stringent new guidelines for healthcare personnel who may be dealing with Ebola patients. In the new guidelines, health workers are advised to use a single use disposable full face shield as goggles may not provide complete skin coverage.
Covers the mouth to protect from sprays of blood or body fluids from patients. When wearing a respirator, the medical worker must  tear this outer mask to allow the respirator through.
A respirator is worn to protect the wearer from a patient's coughs. According to guidelines from the medical charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), the respirator should be put on second, right after donning the overalls.
A surgical scrub suit, durable hospital clothing that absorbs liquid and is  easily cleaned, is worn as a baselayer underneath the overalls. It is normally tucked into rubber boots to ensure no skin is exposed.
The overalls are placed on top of the scrubs. These suits are similar to hazardous material (hazmat) suits worn in toxic environments. The team member supervising the process should check that the equipment is not damaged.
A minimum two sets of gloves are required, covering the suit cuff. When putting on the gloves, care must be taken to ensure that no skin is exposed and that they are worn in such a way that any fluid on the sleeve will run off the suit and glove. Medical workers must change gloves between patients, performing thorough hand hygiene before donning a new pair. Heavy duty gloves are used whenever workers need to handle infectious waste.
A waterproof apron is placed on top of the overalls as a final layer of protective clothing.
Ebola health workers typically wear rubber boots, with the scrubs tucked into the footwear. If boots are unavailable, workers must wear closed, puncture and fluid-resistant shoes.


Yorkshire are in a very strong position against Durham as they seek a third successive County Championship title.

Resuming on 205-4, Durham lost six wickets for 38 runs as they slipped to 265 all out on day three at Headingley, with Jack Brooks taking 4-76.
The hosts, who did not enforce the follow-on, declared on 225-2 thanks to Adam Lyth (114 not out) and Alex Lees (88) adding 185 for the first wicket.
Brooks (2-21) impressed again as Durham fell to 39-3 in pursuit of 421 to win.
Yorkshire began the match trailing Division One leaders Middlesex by four points, although Somerset moved into second place - two points behind Middlesex - with a 31-run win over Warwickshire inside three days at Taunton.
Durham, who resumed on day three trailing by 255 runs, quickly disintegrated, although they did secure a second batting bonus point for the first time in six innings.
Lyth and Lees scored at more than four runs per over and, although Lees fell 12 runs short of a third Championship century of the season, Lyth went to three figures with a six off Ryan Pringle.
Durham lost Mark Stoneman for 10 to Brooks - his 50th championship wicket of the season - for the second time in the match and the same man accounted for Keaton Jennings for eight.
Jack Burnham soon followed for nine, lbw to Steven Patterson, who had spent most of the morning off the field with an injury.


It has been a dramatic night that has confounded expectations of political parties and commentators.

With all the results now declared, Jac Larner of Cardiff University sums up the night for Wales' five main parties.
WELSH LABOUR
Labour have exceeded all expectations in Wales.
They have outperformed every single Wales-only poll over the course of the campaign - and the exit poll - achieving their highest share of the vote in Wales since 1997.
Not only did they successfully defend their 25 seats, but they gained three seats from the Conservatives, taking their total to 28 in Wales.
This is their best performance in terms of seat share since 2005, and their best performance in terms of share of the Wales vote since the New Labour landslide of 1997.
This extends their run of winning general elections in Wales to 26 in a row.
WELSH CONSERVATIVES
The Conservatives also saw their vote share increase across Wales by 6.3%, but this was not enough for them to hold off Labour's surge in Wales.
Early in the night they were confident about gaining seats in Bridgend, Newport West and in the north east of Wales, so a net loss of 3 seats will be a big disappointment.
Historically, the Conservatives have always performed worse in Wales than in England at every election going back to 1859, and this election looks to be no different.
PLAID CYMRU
It was a strange night for Plaid Cymru that ended in success with the election of their youngest ever MP, Ben Lake.
They increased their parliamentary representation, taking Ceredigion from the Liberal Democrats, and their vote held up where they were defending the three seats won in 2015.
Their group of four MPs is the party's largest Westminster cohort since the 2001 general election.
Yet their vote share fell nationally by 1.7% and they lost votes in their other target seats of Ynys Mon, Llanelli and Rhondda.
However, Plaid will view themselves as one of the few winners in this election on a night where smaller parties saw their vote share squeezed across the UK.
LIBERAL DEMOCRATS
The Liberal Democrats' torrid time at elections in Wales continues.
They won their worst ever share of the vote in the party's history in Wales, and lost their solo MP Mark Williams in Ceredigion to Plaid Cymru.
With only one AM in Wales, and limited representation in local government in Wales, the Liberal Democrats can no longer be considered to be a significant political player in the country.
It is the first time since the founding of one of the Lib Dem's predecessor party, the Liberals, in 1859 that they will have no Westminster representation in Wales.
UKIP
UKIP's vote share has collapsed considerably across Wales, polling 11.6% less than 2015 after 38 constituencies had been called.
Opinion polling across the campaign suggested that around two-thirds of the 2015 UKIP vote would go to the Conservatives.
From the results we have seen so far, it seems that a significant proportion of these voters have voted for Labour in Wales.


Dame Maggie Smith says she was "astonished" to win another Emmy award after host Jimmy Kimmel joked about her missing the ceremony.

The 81-year-old won her fourth Emmy on Sunday for her role in Downton Abbey.
Kimmel joked the award was being left in "lost and found" after Dame Maggie failed to attend the ceremony.
In a tweet posted by Masterpiece PBS, she wrote: "If Mr Kimmel could please direct me to the lost and found office I will try and be on the next flight."
She added: "I was very astonished and pleased to win the award. I feel the Emmys have been overly generous to me."
The message was signed, "Love, Old Maggie".
Dame Maggie was awarded the Emmy for best supporting actress in a drama series for her role as Violet Crawley, Dowager Countess of Grantham, in ITV's hit period drama.
It was the third time she had received the award for playing the countess, having won her first Emmy for her leading role in My House in Umbria in 2003.
During his opening monologue, Kimmel joked that Dame Maggie should have made an effort to be at the event, having not attended in previous years.
"If you want an Emmy you better hop on a plane right now and get your Dowager Count-ass over here," he said.
When her name was announced as the winner, he walked on to the stage to take the award, saying: "No, no, no, no, no. We're not mailing this to her. Maggie, if you want this, it'll be in the lost and found."
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A nicotine inhaler which closely resembles a cigarette is the first product of its kind to be licensed as a medicine in the UK.

The product, called Voke, which is not electronic, could be provided on prescription to help people stop smoking.
It is also the first device made by a tobacco company to be licensed.
Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) says this could pave the way for electronic cigarettes to be licensed too.
A number of nicotine inhalers, sprays, patches and gums are already available on prescription as aids for stopping smoking, but this is the first device designed to imitate a cigarette which has been licensed by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
While e-cigarettes are becoming increasingly popular with smokers who want to cut down or stop smoking, as yet none of them is licensed as a medicine in the UK.
No-one yet knows how safe they are, although there is consensus among medical experts that e-cigarettes are less harmful than smoking tobacco.
The new nicotine product does not produce ash or smoke and does not involve heat or combustion.
It does not require a battery and only needs the user to inhale.
The licence means the product can only be promoted to smokers and cannot be sold to children.
Deborah Arnott, chief executive of health charity Ash, said she welcomed the decision by the MHRA.
"This new alternative to smoking will allow smokers to choose a product which meets the high standards of medicines regulation and could be provided on prescription to help them stop smoking."
However, a spokesperson from the European Public Health Association said: "While supporting the need for all nicotine delivery devices to be regulated as medicines, given concerns about quality and the safety of long term use, EUPHA is concerned that the recent publicity given to these devices may divert attention from much more effective measures to reduce smoking such as standardised packaging and price rises."
A spokesman from the MHRA said it encouraged companies to submit medicines licence applications for electronic cigarettes and other nicotine-containing products.
Voke is designed and developed by Kind Consumer, and will belong to a subsidiary of British American Tobacco, called Nicoventures.
It is not yet available but could be on sale in a few months' time.


A friend of one of the San Bernardino attackers has been charged in connection with the mass shooting that killed 14.

Enrique Marquez, 24, is the first person arrested in the deadliest terrorist attack in the US since 9/11.
Mr Marquez is charged with plotting with gunman Syed Farook to attack a university in 2011 and 2012.
He is also accused of illegally purchasing the two rifles that were used by Farook and Tashfeen Malik.
"While there is currently no evidence that Mr Marquez participated in the December 2 attack or had advance knowledge of it, his prior purchase of firearms and ongoing failure to warn authorities about Farook's intent to commit mass murder had fatal consequences," US Attorney Eileen Decker said.
According to the criminal complaint, Mr Marquez called emergency services hours after the San Bernardino shooting and told the dispatcher that the attackers "used my gun".
Mr Marquez told authorities in detail about the earlier terrorist plots that were never carried out.
The charges against Enrique Marquez provide a chilling glimpse into an alleged terrorist cell on American soil.
According to the FBI, the details were obtained during 11 days of interviews with Mr Marquez in which he is said to have admitted his role in plotting murder.
Tomlinson Avenue in Riverside â€” where Mr Marquez and Syed Rizwan Farook once lived next door to one another â€” was the suburban street at the heart of the alleged plot.
It was here that Mr Marquez was introduced to Islam by Farook and it was here that the pair allegedly watched radical Islamist videos including lectures by a former Al Qaeda leader, Anwar Al-Awlaki.
Mr Marquez is also said to have viewed online videos produced by a "US-based tactical equipment manufacturer," to have trained at California gun ranges and to have studied an Al Qaeda magazine, written in English, on how to make bombs.
The extent of online plotting, undetected by the authorities, is sure to intensify the debate about the balance between liberty and security in the US.
Mr Marquez and Farook planned to bomb a local university, where they had both been students, and shoot students as they ran away, according to court records.
They also had plans to attack a motorway during afternoon rush hour by dropping pipe bombs onto cars and shooting into cars and at law enforcement, the records said.
Although they did not explode, several pipe bombs were used in the San Bernardino attack.
Police killed Farook and Malik in a shootout a few hours after they open fired inside a holiday party attended by Farook's co-workers.
Mr Marquez told investigators he bought the weapons for Farook because he looked Caucasian while Farook looked Middle-Eastern.
In 2012, he and Farook visited firing ranges and continued to plot their attacks, authorities said, but then Marquez distanced himself from Farook, following the arrest of other suspected terrorists in the area.
Attackers did not post on social media - Rather, they used a private messaging service
Who were the victims? - A look at the 14 victims of the shooting
Becoming radicalised in secret - How frequent are "lone-wolf" attacks?
San Bernardino shooting in numbers- We break down the deadly attack
Authorities also charged Mr Marquez with entering a sham marriage with Farook's relative so she could gain legal status in the US. He was paid each month for his participation in the sham, according to court records.
Federal agents raided his mother's home in Riverside, California, where he had been living, three days after the attack.
Mr Marquez worked as a security guard at Wal-Mart and dreamed of joining the US Navy, the Los Angeles Times reports.
He checked himself into a mental health facility shortly after the attack, posting a garbled message to Facebook: "I'm. Very sorry sguys. It was a pleasure."


The University of Buckingham says it is going to house a library and museum dedicated to the life of Margaret Thatcher.

Lady Thatcher, who died in 2013, was a former chancellor of the private university.
The university says it has been in talks with Margaret Thatcher Centre trustees about housing its collection.
Buckingham's vice-chancellor, Sir Anthony Seldon, said the centre would become a "huge attraction".
Donal Blaney, head of the Margaret Thatcher Centre, said the University of Buckingham would be a "natural location" for keeping its collection.
Lady Thatcher was prime minister when Buckingham became the UK's first private university in 1983.
The centre, with its resources for education and research, will be modelled on the libraries and foundations dedicated to former US presidents.
The university says it expects the centre to be open by 2019, 40 years after Mrs Thatcher, as she then was, became prime minister.
The announcement follows a decision by the Victoria and Albert Museum to turn down the chance to exhibit some of Lady Thatcher's clothes.
The London museum said it had been involved in discussions about acquiring some items from her wardrobe.
More than 300 items, including handbags, will now be sold at auction next month instead.


Plans to transfer Liverpool community health services to an underperforming trust have been scrapped.

NHS Improvement, which monitors care providers, said it was "not continuing" the switching of services to Bridgewater Community Healthcare (BCH) from Liverpool Community Health Trust.
The former was rated as "requiring improvement" by the Care Quality Commission (CQC) in 2016.
BCH chief executive Colin Scales said the news was "extremely disappointing".
He said the CQC had rated the majority of its services as "good", patients had told the watchdog that care was delivered "with kindness and compassion", and NHS Improvement had known about the ratings when the initial decision was made.
The decision to scrap the transfer of community health services comes a month after NHS Improvement put the process on hold pending a detailed review.
NHS Improvement said: "Following our work to assess the impact of the 'requires improvement' rating on that proposed transaction, we have decided not to continue the transaction with Bridgewater."
It added the decision was "no reflection" on the services delivered by Bridgewater.
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, with support from Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and the Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, will manage services in the short-term.
West Lancashire MP Rosie Cooper said: "NHS Improvement have confirmed they were wrong to appoint Bridgewater Community Healthcare in the first place."
"It is by NHS Improvement's own hand that we now have the evidence that Bridgewater Community Healthcare were not up to the job of delivering this contract safely within the finance available," added the Labour MP.
"I think it also proves that NHS Improvement are not up to the job either."
Richard Kemp, leader of the Lib Dem group on Liverpool City Council, called for the NHS England's chief executive to intervene following this "botched and bungled tendering process".
Concerns over BCH - which is used by 1.5 million people annually in Bolton, Oldham, Southport, Halton, St Helens, Trafford, Warrington and Wigan - centred on the CQC inspection last summer which measured 40 areas.
While one aspect of the trust was rated as outstanding, and 27 as good, 12 areas were highlighted as requiring improvement.
Inspectors found unsafe practice in the management of medication and end-of-life prescriptions,
Urgent care centres were found not to be following national guidance.
Overall, the trust was given a rating of "requiring improvement".
A spokesman for the Royal College of Nursing said following the decision, the organisation remains concerned about the long term future of services in Liverpool and "the impact on the people who use these services and the staff that work in them".


England batsman Nick Compton made just 11 on his return to competitive cricket for Division One leaders Middlesex against Surrey at Lord's.

Compton had taken an indefinite break from cricket following the Test series against Sri Lanka, but he and Middlesex struggled as they were reduced to 45-2.
Nick Gubbins made 82 before he was bowled by Zafar Ansari (2-61) as Middlesex ended the day on 249-5.
Earlier, Ben Foakes finished 63 not out as Surrey finished on 415 all out.
Middlesex opener Gubbins hit 14 fours and one six to record his sixth half-century in the County Championship this season.
Compton, 32, scored just 51 runs in five innings during England's Test series win against Sri Lanka and had not played since the third Test at Lord's in June.
His return to action was short-lived as he was bowled by Stuart Meaker (1-65) and Middlesex struggled to get going, as their middle-order batsmen made starts but could not capitalise.
John Simpson will begin day three on 52 not out as the home side look to reduce their 166-run deficit.


Tottenham Hotspur defender Jan Vertonghen has signed a new contract, committing him to the club until 2019.

The 29-year-old Belgium international, whose old deal ran until 2018, has made 179 appearances for the Premier League club since his 2012 move from Ajax.
"It's a big relief. The future looks great so I'm very happy to be a part of it," he said.
"This is an unbelievable group of talent. There's a great buzz around Tottenham."
Vertonghen's new deal comes a day after striker Harry Kane signed a contract until 2022.


The granddaughter of Donald 'Ginger' McCain, who trained Red Rum to three Grand National victories, has ridden her first winner days after her GCSEs.

Ella McCain, from Cholmondeley in Cheshire, was riding in her debut race on Friday night at Carlisle racecourse.
The 16-year-old won a seven-furlong flat race on 7-1 shot Dark Confidant.
"It was brilliant. It doesn't get much better than this, winning your first race. I've just done my GCSEs and this was far more enjoyable," she said.
Her dad Donald McCain Jr, who trained 2011 National winner Ballabriggs, saw his other daughter Abbie ride her first winner earlier this month at Wolverhampton.
He said: "Both Ella and Abbie have been pony racing for a number of years. They have plenty of experience under their belts and they were always going to get races when they turned 16.
"Success and winning the big races is something we strive for and this [Ella's win] is just hugely satisfying," he added.
Both are aiming to race on 'Amazing Monday' at Carlisle on 7 August - the UK's only all-female jockey card of races. Victory there, then in the Betfred Ladies' Trophy Handicap Stakes at Haydock Park five days later, can lead to a £20,000 Jockey Club development award for young female jockeys.
'Ginger' McCain, who died in 2011, trained Red Rum to three National wins in the 1970s and Amberleigh House to victory in the 2004 National.


Ipswich Town plans to appeal against a High Court ruling over policing costs outside its Portman Road stadium on match days.

The club claimed Suffolk Police "unlawfully" charged it Â£200,000 for policing between 2008 and 2013.
It said the force should not have charged it for keeping order on the streets around the ground.
But the High Court said Suffolk Police was entitled to recover the costs of policing the ground outside the club.


QPR midfielder Joey Barton has revealed he received a death threat while playing in France for Marseille.

The 32-year-old posted a picture of a letter sent to him on Twitter which warned him to leave France at the end of the season or face a grisly end.
The letter is addressed to Barton at Marseille's training ground, La Commanderie.
He spent almost the entire 2012-13 season in Ligue 1 with the south-coast club.
Barton jokingly refers to the letter, written in broken English, as "fan mail".
The undated, typed letter reads: "A little friendly advice: as soon as you finish your season in your current club, I advice you to leave France immediatly [sic].
"In fact, if you're not left France before June 1st, I will come to you specially Marseille smash your head shots baseball bat."
It goes on to describe how Barton's body will be found, using expletives.
A name and address for the purported sender is included on the letter, which is signed.
The footballer later tweeted: "Not sure what's more offensive, the grammar or the intent?"
He also posted a Google Maps image of the Paris address given on the letter, writing next to the picture of a block of flats: "By the way his gaff looks nice..."
The one-cap England midfielder left France following his one season at Marseille and has returned to favour at QPR.
He had previously been marginalised following his conduct and dismissal in the final game of the 2011-12 season at Manchester City, where he was sent off and subsequently received a 12-match ban.


New sand dunes may be created to reduce the risk of flooding on a beach on the Denbighshire and Flintshire border.

Severe storms in December 2013 caused damage to an existing dune system to the east of Barkby Beach in Prestatyn.
A report, to be considered by Denbighshire councillors, says there is evidence they have begun to re-establish themselves naturally.
But the council is considering creating a secondary dune system to strengthen the defences.
The flood risk management report says: "The  narrowness of the dunes at Barkby Beach is a cause for serious concern.
"Discussions have taken place with Natural Resources Wales regarding possible options to reduce the risk of a breach at this location.
"This could be such as creating a secondary dune system on the landward side of the existing dunes."
About 400 people were forced to leave their homes after high tides and gale force winds battered north Wales causing flooding last December.
In Rhyl, Denbighshire - one of the worst-hit areas - hundreds of properties were without power.


Bus companies are to bring in Oyster-style smart ticketing in some of England's largest urban areas.

Greater Manchester passengers will be the first to get the new payment format, to be introduced in 2015.
The scheme will also be rolled out in Tyne and Wear, Merseyside, South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire as well as Nottingham, Leicester and Bristol, according to transport chiefs.
Oyster cards launched in 2003 in London, where buses are now cashless.
In the West Midlands, nearly 30 operators are already part of the Swift smart multi-operating ticketing scheme.
Greater Manchester is rolling out its "get me there" travel card across its Metrolink trams.
The bus initiative involves the Stagecoach, First, Arriva, Go Ahead and National Express companies.
In a joint statement, the chief executives of the companies involved said the move would deliver a "wider benefit than the capital's Oyster system".
They said: "Millions of people in our biggest city regions will benefit from this transformational initiative to provide London-style smart ticketing.
"Bus operators share the aspirations of our city regions to become growing economic powerhouses and we know high quality public transport is an important part of making that happen."


Fionnuala McCormack has narrowly missed out on a medal at the European Championships after a fourth-place finish in the women's 10,000m final.

The Wicklow runner produced the second fastest time of her career with 31.30.74 which was just seven seconds outside of the bronze medal.
David Gillick was unable to turn back the clock as he finished 22nd of the 23 runners in the 400m heats in Amsterdam.
Gillick's time of 47.81 seconds was 1.37 outside his 2016 best.
The 2009 world finalist retired from the sport two years ago after struggling for form since 2011.
The 32-year-old will be in action in the relay over the weekend when he hopes to help Ireland achieve Olympic qualification.
"It's great to be back here given where I've come from," continued the Irish 400m record holder.
On lifetime bests, Fionnuala McCormack was third fastest of the hopefuls with her 31:29.22 clocking but was regarded as an outsider for a medal, yet defied expectations with a season's best time.
It was another four-place finish, however, the same position she finished at the 2012 European Championships in Helsinki.
Kenyan-born Yasemin Can, who took up Turkish citizenship 15 months ago, won gold in 31.12.86.
Ireland's Tara Jameson finished in 14th place.
Thomas Barr qualified for the semi-finals of the 400m hurdles with a season's best time of 50.17.
The Waterford man was second fastest in the heats, with Slovakia's Martin Kucera quickest in 49.56.
Barr's season has been affected by injury and the time is still some way off his national record of 48.65.
Paul Byrne failed to qualify with a time of 53.12.
Gillick's team-mate Brian Gregan did secure a semi-finals spot as he time of 47.02 left him 11th fastest as none of the competitors managed to duck under 46 seconds in the windy conditions.
Gregan finished fifth in the heat won by Britain's Martyn Rooney (46.57) but the third Irish entrant Craig Lynch exited as clocking 47.61.
In the women's 400m, Sinead Denny progressed after a third place in 53.95 saw her achieving automatic qualification but Claire Mooney exited following a 55.66 clocking which left her seventh in her heat.
Siofra Cleirigh-Buttner finished 0.07 seconds outside of progressing to the next round of the 800m after an impressive senior championship debut, clocking 2.04.97.
Northern Ireland's Olympic Games qualifiers Ciara Mageean and Kerry O'Flaherty will not open their Amsterdam challenges until Friday when Christine McMahon and Ben Reynolds will also be in action.
Other Rio-bound Northern Ireland athletes Paul Pollock, Kevin Seaward and Breege Connolly will run in the half-marathon events on Sunday as part of an Irish squad which will also include North Belfast's Glady Ganiel.


Scottish and UK ministers are continuing to argue over more Scottish Parliament powers, exactly one month on from the independence referendum.

Scottish Secretary Alistair Carmichael said SNP ministers must accept the "No" vote, instead of getting on the "betrayal bandwagon".
Incoming SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon said it was the Westminster parties who were squabbling over devolution.
The Smith Commission is currently looking into more Holyrood powers.
Representatives from each of the Scottish Parliament parties are aiding the commission, set up by Prime Minister David Cameron, to agree a way forward by the end of November.
Following the 18 September independence referendum, Mr Carmichael said UK ministers had hit the ground running on the issue, and urged Ms Sturgeon to do the same.
"During the referendum campaign we set out a timetable for the devolution of further powers and we're not only meeting it, we're beating it," he said.
"I would call on Nicola Sturgeon to show genuine leadership and accept the result.
"There have already been cries of reneging on the more powers vow, even though the Smith Commission hasn't even proposed anything yet.
"The betrayal bandwagon is already getting dusted down. This is simply not good enough. The Scottish people have made their democratic decision and it must be respected."
Hitting out at the Scottish secretary's "desperate" comments, Ms Sturgeon said the UK parties were falling out with each other over more powers for Holyrood and introducing "English votes for English laws" at Westminster.
"In the month since the referendum, we have produced our submission to the Smith Commission, continued our engagement with the people of Scotland on more powers and witnessed a phenomenal rise in SNP membership as more and more people realise that it is the SNP that delivers for Scotland," said Ms Sturgeon, who takes over from Alex Salmond as SNP leader next month.
"It is time for the Westminster parties to show the same spirit of co-operation and compromise, to stop squabbling with each other and to join us in working for Scotland's best interests instead of their own."


Police are hunting for two men who have absconded from an open prison in Sussex.

Lee Fudge, 29, and Mark Chatfield, 39, were last seen at Ford Prison - which is a category D jail - on Thursday.
Fudge was jailed for life in 2007 for the robbery of a BP garage in Kent. Chatfield was jailed for four years for burglary in August 2014 after he broke into a home in Guildford.
Police say anyone who spots the men should not approach them but call 999.
Det Insp Dave Grover said "We need the public's help to find both men so they can be returned to custody to serve the remainder of their sentences.
"Neither man was from Sussex but we do not know if they have left the county to go back to where they are from, or if they are still here."
Police have said the photograph of Fudge is the best they have available.


A man has been jailed for life after he admitted the religiously-motivated murder of a Glasgow shopkeeper who he claimed had "disrespected" Islam.

Sunni Muslim Tanveer Ahmed, 32, from Bradford in Yorkshire, stabbed 40-year-old Asad Shah outside his store in Shawlands on 24 March.
Ahmed had said he killed the shopkeeper because he had posted videos online in which he claimed to be a prophet.
The killer was told he would serve a minimum of 27 years in prison.
Mr Shah was an Ahmadi, a minority sect not recognised by all Muslims.
Why was Asad Shah murdered?
Last month, Ahmed had pleaded guilty to the religiously-motivated murder at a hearing at the High Court in Glasgow.
Jailing him for life at the same court, judge Lady Rae told Ahmed: "This was a barbaric, premeditated and wholly unjustified killing of a much loved man who was a pillar of the local community.
"He was described as a peaceful and peace-loving man and family man who went out of his way to show respect for those of any faith."
The judge branded the attack as "an appalling display of merciless violence".
Lady Rae added: "No-one in any civilised country including Scotland has the right to take the life of another whatever offence that individual perceives that he or she has suffered.
"It is vitally important in modern society that respect and tolerance for others of any race, creed, colour, ethnic origin or religious belief is maintained and protected by the law of the land.
"I note with considerable concern that you have expressed no remorse whatsoever for this appalling crime."
As Ahmed was being led to the cells to begin his sentence, he shouted to his family and friends in the public gallery in what is believed to be Arabic and they chanted back at him.
The court previously heard that Mr Shah was an Ahmadi who differ from the majority of Muslims, including Sunni Muslims, in that they believe the Prophet Muhammad was not the final Prophet.
The majority of Muslims believe Muhammad was the final Prophet and say any other view is inconsistent with Islamic belief.
Ahmed, a Sunni, claimed that he had killed Mr Shah because he had posted videos online in which the shopkeeper had "disrespected" Islam by claiming to be a prophet.
Ahmed watched a clip featuring Mr Shah on his mobile phone as he travelled to Glasgow on the day of the murder and was heard in a phone message to say "listen to this guy, something needs to be done, it needs nipped in the bud".
When he arrived at the shop, Ahmed said he warned Mr Shah that he was there to kill him and asked him to stop claiming to be a prophet.
CCTV footage of the attack showed Ahmed pulling a knife out and moving behind the counter and stabbing Mr Shah repeatedly.
The shopkeeper managed to get outside, but was stabbed again and then stamped on and kicked in a frenzied attack as he lay dying in the street.
Mr Shah's brother Athar Shah tried to intervene, but was unable to fend off Ahmed.
As Mr Shah lay dying on the ground, Ahmed walked calmly to a bus shelter where police found him a short time later.
After being arrested, Ahmed released a statement through his lawyer saying he had killed Mr Shah as he had falsely claimed to be a prophet.
After Ahmed was jailed, Ch Supt Brian McInulty, of Police Scotland, said: "I hope that the sentencing today will reassure the immediate community in Glasgow's south-side as well as communities all across Scotland that acts of violence such as this are utterly unacceptable and cannot be justified.
"Glasgow is a strong, united, multi-faith community that has immense pride in its diversity.
"Religious intolerance in any form is simply not tolerated in our society and Police Scotland will work in partnership with our communities to eradicate such behaviour."
The Shah family moved to Scotland from Pakistan in the 1990s to escape persecution over their beliefs.
No members of Mr Shah's family were in court to hear the sentence imposed, but friends were in the public gallery.
A victim impact statement written by Mr Shah's sister Attia on behalf of Mr Shah's family said: "Our pain goes beyond our vocabulary. We have tried, in an inevitably inadequate way to capture the feelings and emotions that no person should ever have to do.
"One of the most tangible and far-reaching consequences of this tragedy is that, as a family, whilst our bond will last forever, we have fragmented and many of us have or are in the process of leaving Scotland, in search of a new life, away from the memories we used to cherish but are now the source of immense pain and suffering."
The statement said Mr Shah's widow has been "brutally deprived of a life and companionship with her soul-mate and kindred spirit, the love of her life".


A man with motor neurone disease (MND) is creating a voice synthesiser with a Yorkshire accent to help him keep his identity when he can no longer speak.

Jason Liversidge, 41, originally from Scarborough, North Yorkshire, was diagnosed with MND in 2013 and knows one day he will not be able to talk.
The condition affects cells that control muscle activity including for walking, swallowing and talking.
About 30 Yorkshiremen were needed to program a voice for Mr Liversidge.
As the condition progresses, he can use a voice synthesiser similar to the one famously used by physicist Prof Stephen Hawking - but Mr Liversidge wanted to make sure it sounded more like his own voice.
Mr Liversidge, who now lives in Rise near Hornsea, East Yorkshire, said: "One of the worst things is my brain knows exactly what I want to say and I go to say it, because the muscles don't work as well as they used to I'm like, stuttering."
He added: "I would like to keep a form of identity. I don't just want to be a programmed voice on a computer. Also, for the kids and Liz, I want the voice not to be a computer one."
He is being helped by a Edinburgh research centre the Anne Rowling Clinic, which specialises in degenerative diseases.
The centre, set up by Harry Potter author JK Rowling whose mother was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, is running a project which is trying to create personal synthetic voices, called Speak:Unique.
Mr Liversidge's speech is already starting to slur, but scientists aimed to "repair" the flaws in it with the aid of donors.
The process involved finding people with a similar accent to read 400 phrases on to a computer, which were then banked and broken down into sounds to recreate any word.
Dr Phillipa Rewaj, who is working on the project, said: "Rather than trying to record every single word in the dictionary, we capture all those sounds so that we can use them in any other word in which they occur.
"Your voice is as identifiable to other people as your face is, it is very unique to you, so being able to preserve that I think is very important to people."
She used a video of a speech Mr Liversidge made at his sister's wedding as a benchmark, and needed 20 to 30 "donors" to fill in the gaps.
His wife, Liz Liversidge, said they were trying as a family to ensure they do as much together now as possible, as she knows the condition is life-limiting.
"It's really important for us that we try and get out and about with the girls and make as many memories as possible," she said.
"We're trying to compile as many videos and photographs as possible, so later on when Jason is no longer here they have something to remember him by."
The "new" voice created by the clinic is controlled by Mr Liversidge using eye movements, focusing on letters to type out what he wants to say.
The couple are trying to keep family life as "normal" as possible - Mr Liversidge is still able to drive so he can do the school run and join his family on days out.
Despite this, Mrs Liversidge said it was the "constant progression" of the condition that they have found hard. "He's not even able to pick the girls up and give them a cuddle," she said.
Nearly all the voices the clinic has worked on since it opened in 2011 have been Scottish, and Mr Liversidge's is the first Yorkshire accent.
Watch the full report on Inside Out Yorkshire and Lincolnshire on BBC One at 19:30 on Monday 6 February or via the BBC iPlayer for seven days after the initial broadcast.


The first contingent of US troops has landed in Poland for military exercises amid tensions with Russia over Ukraine.

An initial 150 soldiers are to be followed by a further 450 within days.
US President Barack Obama has warned Russia it faces new sanctions if it refuses to implement an agreement to reduce tensions in eastern Ukraine.
Reports are coming in of violent incidents overnight between pro-Russian militants and Ukrainian forces in Mariupol and Artemivsk.
Mr Obama accuses Russia of flouting last week's deal on Ukraine while Moscow has warned it will respond to any attack on its "interests" in Ukraine.
Speaking on Russian state TV channel RT on Wednesday, Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov drew a parallel with the 2008 Georgian war, saying that if "the interests of Russians have been attacked directly.... I do not see any other way but to respond in full accordance with international law".
Mr Lavrov also accused the US of "running the show" in Ukraine, and that it was "quite telling" that Kiev had re-launched its "anti-terrorist" operation in the east on Tuesday during a visit by US Vice-President Joe Biden.
US state department spokeswoman Jen Psaki dismissed his comments as "ludicrous".  "Our approach here is de-escalation. We don't think there's a military solution on the ground," she said.
The 150 soldiers from the 173rd Airborne Brigade arrived in the Polish town of Swidwin from their base in Vicenza, Italy.
Stephen Mull, the US ambassador to Poland, said the US had a "solemn obligation in the framework of Nato to reassure Poland of our security guarantee".
President Obama told a news conference in Japan that Moscow had failed to halt actions by pro-Russian militants in Ukraine.
The US had further sanctions against Russia "teed up", he added.
The US troops are expected to be carrying out military exercises in Poland as well as in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia for the coming months.
There has been growing concern in those countries at the build-up of thousands of troops in Russia along its borders with Ukraine in recent weeks.
Elsewhere, the UK's Ministry of Defence (MoD) confirmed that Russian military aircraft had been identified approaching the north of Scotland, but they turned away shortly after fighter jets were scrambled to investigate.
Military officials in the Netherlands and Denmark confirmed they too had scrambled jets to escort the jets away from their airspace.
And in the seas around the UK, a Royal Navy warship is shadowing a Russian destroyer in what the MoD described as a "well established and standard response" as it sails past British territory.
But the focus of the tension remains eastern Ukraine, where pro-Russian separatists have taken over administrative buildings in at least a dozen towns in a bid to seek closer ties to Moscow.
Ukrainian Interior Minister Arsen Avakov announced on Thursday that the city hall in Mariupol, a port  on the Sea of Azov, had been "liberated" overnight without any casualties.
"Civic activists" played a major part in the operation, he said.
However, local news website 0629 reported that the self-proclaimed People's Republic of Donetsk was still claiming control over the mayor's hall after a struggle with attackers.
Mr Avakov also reported that Ukrainian troops in Artemivsk had fended off an attempt by dozens of pro-Russian militants to seize weapons from a military unit. One soldier was wounded, he said.
Unverified footage of military helicopters, said to be flying over Artemivsk, was posted by a blogger on YouTube.
Unrest began in Ukraine last November over whether the country should look towards Moscow or the West.
Are you in eastern Ukraine? How has the unrest affected you? You can email us your experiences at haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk, using the subject line 'Ukraine'.


Today is the 10th anniversary of one of the worst terrorist attacks on the UK.

On 7 July 2005, four men with rucksacks full of explosives attacked central London.
More than 50 people lost their lives and hundreds more were injured.
The attacks became known as the 7/7 bombings.
When the attacks happened there was lots of help and support from doctors, police and the fire service .
Ayshah spoke to Jason Killens who works for the London Ambulance service, about how the emergency services helped during in the attacks.
In total, 52 people died in the 7/7 bombings, and more than 770 people were injured.
Esther Hyman lost her sister Miriam in the attacks.
She is proud of how people came together to help and support each other after the attacks.
These types of attacks are very rare in the UK, and police, the government and security services are taking measures to try to stop events like 7/7 happening again.


Some London state schools send more pupils to Oxford and Cambridge than private schools in other parts of England, research suggests.

"A subset of elite state schools are contributing to the London and South East of England bias," says a Royal Geographical Society study.
"At post-16, these schools are comprehensive in name only," said researcher Sol Gamsu.
The research describes a concentration of elite schools in the South East.
The paper, to be presented to an RGS international conference later this month, maps the number of pupils sent to Oxford and Cambridge by different types of school from different regions.
It has long been known that students from schools in London and the South East are disproportionately overrepresented at both Oxford and Cambridge, says the study.
Using Department for Education data, it identifies the extent that access to England's two top universities varies between regions.
Overall, considering both state and private schools together:
But other regions of England are underrepresented:
When the figures were broken down further, according to school type, the study found state schools in the South East sent 1.43 times more students than the national average to Oxford and Cambridge,
In outer London, the figure is 1.24 times as many.
But private schools in regions including Yorkshire and Humber, the East Midlands and the North East sent about half as many as the national average, the study found.
Some Oxbridge "feeder schools" send up to 30% of their intake to the two universities, say the researchers.
"These are still largely the elite of the private sector, but this list also includes what have basically become elite sixth-form colleges," said Mr Gamsu.
Mr Gamsu said London gentrification and selective sixth forms had contributed to the rise of "super-state" schools.
"The capital's rapid economic and social change lies behind the rise of these schools," he said.
"London's housing market has resulted in the price of accessing sought-after comprehensives in gentrified neighbourhoods rising beyond the means of many less affluent residents."
A report earlier this year by London Councils said that last year 64,953 young Londoners had progressed to higher education, up 4% on the previous year.
"While this is good news, more still needs to be done to ensure everyone can make the journey from school or college to higher education," that report added.


Skeletons unearthed in London Crossrail excavations have been found to be Black Death victims from the great disease of the 14th Century.

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30 March 2014 Last updated at 13:54 BST
The remains may be part of a massive emergency burial pit where thousands of plague victims were left 600 years ago.
Lead archaeologist Jay Carver says the find "solves a 660-year-old mystery".
"This discovery is a hugely important step forward in documenting and understanding Europe's most devastating pandemic," he said.


A look at the best actress winner and her fellow nominees at the 86th Academy Awards.

Age: 44
Nominated for: Blue Jasmine
The character: Jasmine is a wealthy New York socialite who suffers a humiliating fall from grace after her husband is arrested for financial fraud.
Oscar record: The Australian actress has picked up five previous Academy Award nominations, including two nods for the role of Elizabeth I, whom she portrayed in 1998's Elizabeth and its 2007 sequel The Golden Age. She won the best supporting actress Oscar in 2005 for playing Hollywood star Katharine Hepburn in The Aviator.
The critics said: "Blanchett, who has played Blanche in Streetcar on stage, is the film's glory. She is miraculous at finding the bruised heart of this bullying elitist. This is Blanchett triumphant, and not to be missed." Peter Travers, Rolling Stone
Age: 49
Nominated for: Gravity
The character: Dr Ryan Stone, an astronaut coping with the loss of her four-year-old daughter, is left adrift in space after a devastating accident.
Oscar record: Bullock's one previous nomination converted to an Oscar statuette for her leading role in The Blind Side in 2010.
The critics said: "Bullock inhabits the role with grave dignity and hints at Stone's past scars with sensitivity and tact, and she holds the screen effortlessly once Gravity becomes a veritable one-woman show." Justin Chang, Variety
Age: 79
Nominated for: Philomena
The character: Philomena Lee is an Irish Catholic woman who was sent to a convent when she became pregnant as a teenager in the 1950s, and saw her child given up for adoption. A meeting with a journalist in later life prompts a search to find the son she lost. Philomena Lee is still alive today.
Oscar record: Dame Judi has previously landed a total of six Academy Awards nominations. She won for her second nomination, playing Queen Elizabeth I in Shakespeare in Love. Famously, she appeared on screen for only eight minutes.
The critics said: "Ms. Dench's Philomena Lee glows with the radiance of someone serene in her faith despite inhumane treatment by the church. That she makes you believe her character has the capacity to forgive, provides the movie with a solid moral centre." Stephen Holden, New York Times
Age: 39
Nominated for: American Hustle
The character: Sydney Prosser is a confidence trickster who is forced to take part in an FBI sting operation to root out corrupt politicians.
Oscar record: Has already picked up four nominations all in the best supporting actress category, most recently for 2012's The Master - but has yet to collect a golden statuette.
The critics said: "Sydney Prosser is played with a gleam of pure self-harming passion by Amy Adams." Peter Bradshaw, The Guardian
Age: 64
Nominated for: August: Osage County
The character: Violet Weston, a family matriarch suffering from cancer with a penchant for taking prescription drugs and doling out searing insults to her loved ones.
Oscar record: Streep has collected a total of 17 nominations from previous years, with three wins. One for best supporting actress in Kramer vs Kramer (1980) and two for best actress: Sophie's Choice (1983) and, almost 30 years later, as Margaret Thatcher in The Iron Lady, in 2012.
The critics said: "There's no denying the raging force with which Meryl Streep tears into the role of Violet Weston, a Great Plains matriarch who specialises in tormenting the people around her." Owen Gleiberman, Entertainment Weekly


Darren Fletcher's past experience leading Scotland could win him the captaincy against Northern Ireland, says former international Mark Wilson.

Celtic skipper Scott Brown has led Gordon Strachan's national team recently but fit-again Fletcher is back playing at West Bromwich Albion.
"Scott has flourished under it when Darren's been injured," Wilson told BBC Radio Scotland.
"But Darren's more the leader of the country and has been for many years."
Wilson, who won his only international cap against Northern Ireland in 2011, added: "We're lucky that we've got two inspirational players in the middle of the park that can take that role.
"It is probably the biggest honour you can receive in football, so I think it matters a great deal, especially to the players involved - Scott and Darren.
"It will be of great importance to both of them, but I don't think either of them will be too disappointed or let it affect their game if they are not selected as captain."
Wednesday's friendly against Michael O'Neill's side at Hampden comes before Scotland's next Euro 2016 qualifier versus Gibraltar on Sunday.
"This game has been well selected by both sides," said Wilson, who now plays for Dumbarton after spells at Dundee United and Celtic.
"Quite often you can have these international friendlies that sort of peter out into nothing - a kind of drab affair.
"But with two competitive teams and players that have played against each other at the highest level in England and Scotland coming against each other, it gives it that extra bit of needle that you need."


It's a tale of a world-weary, middle-aged man struggling to find meaning in his existence  - and then he meets a woman, Lisa, who may or may not change his life.

The anomaly about Anomalisa, however, written and co-directed by four-time Oscar nominee Charlie Kaufman, is that it's a stop-motion animation - "an animation truly intended only for adults", he says.
The New York-born screenwriter, who won an Academy Award for Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind in 2004 and is also the writer of 2002's Adaptation and Being John Malkovich, first created Anomalisa as a radio play more than a decade ago.
British actor David Thewlis and Jennifer Jason Leigh, recently the star of Quentin Tarantino's The Hateful Eight, took the parts of Michael Stone, a self-help speaker who is suffering within, and Lisa, a socially awkward sales rep, who meet at a conference.
Kaufman says he didn't really know who David Thewlis was 10 years ago, adding:  "I just liked his work, and the same for Jennifer Jason Leigh.
"I wrote David a note asking him if he'd come over to the States and do this sound-only play for me and he did. I couldn't imagine casting any other voices for the movie either."
Anomalisa was first performed in 2005, but Leigh says she "was in love with Lisa from the very first minute".
"When we did the plays, I was so sad when it was over, it felt like an all-too-brief moment. The film treatment was proposed quite soon afterwards though, so I suppose she's stayed with me all these years.
"It's quite a challenge for an actor - it's sound only, no interaction between us, even when we were standing on stage reading the script for the play.
"But an animation feels like precisely the right treatment because the focus of the film really is on voices - how difficult it is to hear a different one in a crowd, one that means anything to us."
Anomalisa is co-directed by Kaufman and TV producer Duke Johnson, but it was eventually brought to life by funding from Kickstarter. Kaufman describes being surprised and relieved to get the money to make the film.
"We've been working on it for three years under the radar, with very few people knowing about it and it was a struggle," he says.
"We didn't know whether we'd get any positive reaction at all."
At its debut at the Venice and Telluride film festivals last year, Anomalisa was described by Rolling Stone magazine as a "masterpiece", while Empire claimed "it has more heart and soulâ€¦ than 99.9% of live action movies."
The Guardian also predicted: "Kaufman and co-director Duke Johnson offer images so moving and yet also so filthy, Anomalisa might just make the first R-rated best animation Oscar winner"- a reference to the sexually explicit scenes in the film.
The film was nominated in the best animation film category at this year's Oscars, but the statuette itself went to Pixar's Inside Out.
Kaufman maintains he's glad he took the risk of making an animation, saying what he calls "the central conceit of the film - the lack of ability to make connections with other humans that Michael Stone struggles with - would be difficult to accomplish with live action.
"The emotional connection audiences are having to Anomalisa is unique to the animation," he continues. "It seems to have this special power that people are reacting to.
"I'm told that with non-human actors you can identify more with the characters as you're not blinded by who the actors are in real life. It allows you to be immersed in them."
"You identify in a deeper way, although I keep forgetting that they are puppets," says Leigh."Also, I think the themes of the film - how hard it is to make a connection, to hear a unique voice in a crowd - I think everyone can relate to it.
"The screenplay is set right before texting became normal, and I used to spend a lot of time... on the phone to my friends. Hearing voices was the way we connected.
"Who bothers with calling someone now? How often do we really hear someone's voice speaking into our life? I think we yearn for it."
Much of Charlie Kaufman's work - from Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind to Synecdoche, New York, his 2008 directorial debut - features male protagonists enduring internal suffering, but under darkly funny circumstances. Anomalisa continues in that vein.
"If you're a writer, you are always looking in the mirror. You are always trying to be honest about what worries you, what frustrates you," says Kaufman.
"I have to use my personal feelings or else it's just not going to work. So there are always elements of me in my films.
"I think what's the relief about this though is that even though Michael Stone is a middle-aged man, I've had 20-year-olds coming up to me and saying how much they related to him.
"I think the lack of ability we have to form meaningful connections is the struggle of the human soul at any age."
Anomalisa is out in the UK and Ireland on 11 March.


England performed well on the third day of the first Test against South Africa, but the big story has to be just how poor the hosts were.

The Proteas could not have had a worse day in Durban. Everything that could go wrong did, and they quite simply gifted England a position from which they really ought to win this game.
I'm not sure I've ever seen a number-one ranked side look in such a state of disarray. Their batting was dreadful, their confidence looked shot and the whole team seems directionless under the captaincy of Hashim Amla.
Amla is a lovely bloke and a beautiful batsman, but he offers nothing to this side in terms of leadership. He stands at mid-off, polishes the ball and doesn't seem to do much else.
He's a naturally undemonstrative character, with no real air of authority about him, and I'm afraid to say that at the moment you look around the field and it's hard to know who the captain is.
As a player, when things are going against you, you look to the captain to inject some energy but I don't see any of that from Amla. It's just one of many problems the South Africa selectors will have to consider if they go on to lose this Test.
Nothing illustrated the lack of clear direction in the South Africa camp better than the sight of Dale Steyn coming off with injury, coming back on again, and then trudging back off after three deliveries.
Players like Steyn are like gold-dust - South Africa ought to be wrapping him in cotton wool because if he's ruled out of the series than their chances of winning start to look very slim indeed. So it was puzzling to say the least to see him trying to bowl when clearly in some discomfort from an injured shoulder.
South Africa had better hope that the scan doesn't reveal anything too serious - it's hard to see Steyn playing any part in the next match Cape Town but they can ill afford to be without him for the remaining two Tests of the series.
England, on the other hand, look like a side with most of the pieces beginning to slot into place.
Once again I was impressed with Nick Compton at number three, who has batted diligently in his first match back in the side to make two significant contributions.
And England will also be very heartened by the performance of Moeen Ali in the morning session. He bowled as well as I've seen him bowl in a long time and richly deserved his wickets, and he will have a big role to play when South Africa bat again in the fourth innings.
The one disappointment for the tourists was the dismissal of Alex Hales. He battled so hard for his 26 runs - he lined up the quick bowlers better and tried to be more circumspect. But then he had a big heave at the off-spinner. He was obviously trying to get a bit of a move on but it was a poor dismissal.
England will be reluctant to switch things around at the top of the order, so Hales will get at least one more Test to prove himself, but the identity of Alastair Cook's opening partner is a problem that just won't go away for England.
Jonathan Agnew was speaking to BBC Sport's James Gheerbrant.


Jess, 16, won the gold medal in archery (W1 individual) at the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games where she was the youngest competitor in the archery events.

In winning she also set a new Paralympic record and was joined on the podium with compatriots Jo Frith and Vicky Jenkins taking silver and bronze position to make it a clean sweep for Great Britain.
This year she's been balancing her sporting achievements alongside successfully taking her GCSE exams, studying for A levels and representing her school Boccia team in regional and national competitions
Here, Jess Stretton answers questions set by BBC News School Reporters from Aston Manor Academy in Birmingham.
If you weren't an athlete, what would you want to be and why?
I would be an English teacher because I love the subject and want to help others enjoy it as well.
English Literature is my favourite subject and allows me to need to read a book for study purposes and also gives me another excuse to be able to read when I'm on the shooting line!
Describe what a typical day of training is like for you
I get to the shooting range around 9am and shoot until 11am, doing 72 or 78 arrows in the morning.
I then have an hour study time and lunch before shooting again in the afternoon until I have done my arrow volume for the day, which is usually 120 arrows.
Then I go to the gym before going home.
What keeps you motivated to train?
The feeling I get when I shoot my bow is one of the best feelings in the world - it is only me, my bow and the target!
Also knowing the success that can bring.
What kind of support network do you think you need in the sports industry?
I think you need to have very flexible and understanding family and friends who are able to (particularly on bad days) remind you why you get up in the morning to train.
It does not matter if you have connections in the big companies at the start, that will come with time and with the places you go to.
Ellie Downie (Gymnastics)
Sophie Ecclestone (Cricket)
Keelan Giles (Rugby Union)
Tom Hamer (Para-swimming)
Ellie Robinson (Para-swimming)
Lauren Rowles (Para-rowing)
Georgia Stanway (Football)
Rebekah Tiler (Weightlifting)
Amy Tinkler (Gymnastics)
Read more about shortlist
Who is your biggest inspiration?
John Stubbs is my biggest inspiration because he is a multiple Paralympian and someone I aspire to be like.
Who do you think is a brilliant role model for aspiring athletes?
I think Jessica Ennis-Hill is a great role model because she is a brilliant athlete and a really good person to aspire to be like.
With the success she's had it is easy to look at her and think 'I want to be like her one day'.
What do you think is the biggest myth about being a successful sportsperson?
That you will win everything. This isn't true as anything could happen - you could get an injury, have an equipment failure, or just have a bad day at the time.
What advice would you give to other young people wanting to get into competitive sports?
Find a club or sports "have-a-go" day and just try it out!
Take every opportunity that comes your way until you find something you either really like or are good at and keep at it.
Do you have a certain ritual or routine you follow before a competition and if so what?
I usually just plug in my headphones and pick up my book to relax and just get away from the reality of what is happening.
This means I can focus more when the time comes to shoot in thinking it is just another shoot and that the outcome will only come after each separate arrow.
What is your 'golden moment' so far in your career?
I would have to say being on top of the podium in Rio at the 2016 Paralympics with the three GB flags in the air, signifying the clean sweep that my team mates and I achieved!


A woman has been arrested on suspicion of theft after a "five-figure sum" went missing from a Kent football club.

The alleged fraud, at Dover Athletic football club's Crabble Stadium, was discovered after an internal audit revealed a discrepancy in its accounts.
Club chairman Jim Parmenter said the amount lost was bound to have an impact on the club, but would not put it in "any form of financial difficulty".
Kent Police said the 43-year-old woman from Gillingham had been freed on bail.


There is "no comparison" between the situations of strikers Alexis Sanchez at Arsenal and Diego Costa at Chelsea, says Gunners boss Arsene Wenger.

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Sanchez, 28, is in the last year of his contract at Emirates Stadium and has yet to agree a new deal, while Costa has said he wants to leave the Blues.
Wenger added 23-year-old midfielder Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, also out of contract at the end of the season and a reported target for Chelsea, will stay.
"I rate him highly," said Wenger.
"I want him to stay here for a long time and I'm convinced he will be the English player in the next two or three years that everybody will look at."
Wenger, 67, has previously said Sanchez "respects" his decision to keep the Chile forward at Arsenal this season, despite reported interest from Manchester City and Paris St-Germain.
On Wednesday the Frenchman said Arsenal have not made any more progress on a new deal for Sanchez and were prepared for him to leave on a free transfer next summer.
"We have to make a choice between efficiency on the field and financial interests and most of the time you can find a compromise," said Wenger.
"In this case, I prioritise the fact that he will be useful on the sporting side."
Meanwhile Costa, 28, said he was sent a text in June by Chelsea boss Antonio Conte telling him he would not be part of the squad for this season and has yet to return from an extended summer break in his native Brazil.
The Spain forward has also described his treatment by the club as "criminal" and confirmed he wants to return to former club Atletico Madrid.
When asked if there were similarities between Sanchez and Costa's situation, Wenger said: "No comparison at all.
"We want Sanchez to be with us but I'm not sure whether Chelsea want Costa to be with them."
Sanchez missed the opening game of the Premier League season at the weekend, a 4-3 victory over Leicester, with an abdominal strain and is unlikely to feature against Stoke on Saturday but could return against Liverpool on 27 August.
Wenger added he was "very happy" neither Sanchez nor Oxlade-Chamberlain have submitted a transfer request, like Philippe Coutinho at Liverpool.
"It's important you have a serene atmosphere inside and clarity about your commitment," he said.
"It's important the players aren't half in and half out and they are completely in."
Wenger added he supported proposals to close the Premier League summer transfer window before the season starts.
"It is better for the season and for our psychological comfort as managers," he said.


Forty three children have been identified as being at risk of sexual exploitation across Staffordshire.

The figure has been revealed as the county council conducts a review of how it has been dealing with the issue.
The authority said partnerships are working well but improvement is needed around the best way to respond once potential victims are identified.
Last month, neighbouring council Stoke-on-Trent said 27 youngsters were targeted in 2013 and 78 were at risk.
The review has been requested by Staffordshire County Council's Safe and Strong Communities Select Committee.
It is an annual update on progress made tackling child sexual exploitation, trafficking and is also in response to the recent Rotherham child abuse scandal where at least 1,400 children were subjected to appalling sexual exploitation.
The review said council-run Families First has been carrying out an an independent audit of children recognised in September 2014 as having been previously or currently at risk of sexual exploitation. The children are known to local support teams and safeguarding units.
"This audit is nearly complete and early findings indicate that work at the early stage of cases between partner agencies is good. Forty-three children have been identified as currently at risk of child sexual exploitation," the report said.
The select committee will receive a full update on the review on 15 December.
Chairman John Francis, said: "Since 2011 the council and its partners have done a great deal to understand and combat child sexual exploitation.
"However no-one is complacent about this abhorrent crime and as our knowledge and understanding of it evolves, so too do the methods we use to protect children and target those who prey on them.
"This committee has regularly looked at this issue in recent years to ensure everyone is working together effectively and this month's meeting is the latest step in that process."


A massive blaze at a warehouse in Glasgow has been brought under control.

Site owner City Property has confirmed the market has been "partially re-opened".
Only smaller vehicles are being allowed into the site on Thursday evening, although access for HGVs may become possible overnight.
Firefighters were called to the two-storey Blochairn Fruit Market in the north east of the city when the alarm was raised at 03:44.
At the height of the fire widespread flames could be seen across the site and more than 70 firefighters were in attendance.
Workers, who had been processing orders and loading vans, were evacuated. There were no reports of any injuries.
Crews are continuing to hose down the building.
The Scottish Fire and Rescue Service (SFRS) said despite extensive damage, much of the building had been saved.
The British Hospitality Association had predicted that the blaze would affect local restaurants, flower shops and cafes which rely on daily deliveries from Blochairn.
City Property, which owns the site, said it was trying to establish alternative arrangements so that normal business could resume as soon as possible.
SFRS deputy assistant chief officer John Joyce said: "What I can tell you is that we've saved a very good proportion of it.
"In fact the site operator are pretty happy with the parts that we have saved because that is the main operational part of the building.
"It's a real shame for those businesses which have been badly affected, but we're working with the businesses and the city council to get the functioning part open as soon as possible."
He said a specialist fire investigation team would attempt to establish the cause of the fire in the coming days.
BBC Scotland understands one line of inquiry being looked at by the fire investigation team is the possibility the fire started in a fridge in the fruit market.
Fish merchant Donald Neilson, the director of John Vallance Ltd, described seeing the fire coming towards them along the roof.
He said there had been reports of a small fire at the other end of the market.
Mr Neilson said he had not thought the fire would impact on his the part of the site, and he went to check the fruit market area.
"It really was like a raging inferno through there at the far end," said Mr Neilson.
"I ran back in and shouted to our staff 'everybody get out right now'."
He said deliveries were left lying and vans were left half-loaded.
"The most important thing is everybody got out," he said.
Jim McGhee, who owns Castle Douglas fruit and veg shop Mitchell's, was also there when the fire broke out.
"I was in the market at 02:30 this morning - I had been there for about an hour and the fire alarms went off," he said.
"Within 10 minutes the fire had spread right through the bottom end of the market and gas cylinders were exploding.
"It was really quite bad."
He said it had been quite easy to walk out of the warehouse, and that the fire brigade had been on the scene "really quickly".
Initially, emergency services were being hampered in their efforts to put out the fire due to low water pressure caused by the number of appliances tackling the blaze.
Scottish Water was contacted and took steps to boost the water pressure in the area.
Insp Stuart Clemenson, from Police Scotland, told BBC Scotland the building had been still well ablaze three hours after the fire started.
He said: "The site itself employs approximately 400 people who have now all evacuated out."
SFRS said 12 fire engines and four aerial appliances had been involved in the operation.
Police Scotland said Blochairn Road between Royston Road and Siemens Place had been closed due to the fire. Local diversions were in place.
A large plume of smoke from the building led to speed restrictions put in place for drivers on the nearby M8 motorway. This was later lifted.
Hundreds of traders work at the market, supplying fresh fruit and vegetables and fish to shops and restaurants in the west of the country.


Forty-nine men have appeared in a court in Afghanistan accused of a mob attack in March in which a woman was beaten to death.

The 28-year-old woman called Farkhunda was accused of burning the Koran, although witnesses say she did not.
Of the defendants who appeared in court in Kabul, 19 were police officers accused of failing in their duty to prevent the attack.
The death led to widespread protests against the treatment of women.
Farkhunda was beaten to death and her body then burned on 19 March.
She had argued with a mullah, or religious teacher, about his practice of selling charms to women at a shrine. In the course of the argument she was accused of burning the Koran and a crowd overheard and attacked her.
In confession statements read in court some of the accused admitted they were drawn in by the claims.  An official investigator has said there is no evidence she burned the Koran.
At the opening of the trial at Afghanistan's Primary Court, the judge called for the Kabul police chief and the head of an interior ministry investigating team to attend court on Sunday.
The accused wore dark clothes given to them in prison. Two of them said they had been forced to sign confessions under duress.
The proceedings were broadcast live on national television.
The BBC's David Loyn in Kabul says that although Afghanistan is a country where women's lives are often fragile, the murder of Farkhunda has led to nationwide condemnation.


A football fan remains in a critical condition after he and his friends were attacked following a match.

Essex Police used CS spray to break up a fight involving about 15 people in Southend after Southend and Cambridge United played on Saturday.
Simon Dobbin, 41, from Suffolk, suffered a serious head injury.
Dave Doggett, Cambridge chairman, said: "The thoughts and prayers of everyone at Cambridge United are with Simon and his family and friends."
The  club said Mr Dobbin had been watching rugby in a Southend pub prior to the fight.
Mr Dobbin, of Mildenhall, then walked with with fellow fans to Prittlewell train station when they were attacked near the platform, the club said.
A fundraising appeal has been set up to raise money to help with accommodation and travel costs for Mr Dobbin's family.
Daniel Herrera, who played football with Mr Dobbin at Mildenhall, has organised a charity match on Sunday in Mr Dobbin's honour.
He said: "This is a case of the wrong place and the wrong time for a truly wonderful man.
"Simon is a wonderful person. He's a gentle giant. I hope this game raises money for Simon's road to recovery. I hope it also shows the good side of the game."
One man - a 47-year-old from Cambridge - has been cautioned  for criminal damage while a 33-year-old Southend man and a 23-year-old man from Westcliff were arrested on suspicious of grievous bodily harm and later released on police bail.
The attack on Mr Dobbin has also been condemned on football hooligan forums where Mr Dobbin is described as a "shirter", which means a football supporter wearing his club's shirt and not involved in violence.
One forum suggested hooligans from Southend and Cambridge had encountered each other earlier in the day but nothing happened. One forum member said: "We wear our uniform for a reason, you don't attack shirters."


The battle of two female birds for the affections of one male osprey has been captured on CCTV in the Borders.

The Tweed Valley Osprey Project (TVOP) said it was behaviour which "wouldn't be out of place on an episode of Jeremy Kyle for ospreys".
The images show the male bird - SS - in the nest along with "squabbling females" Mrs O and FS2.
Information officer Diane Bennett said they hoped it would all end with an egg appearing in the nest.
"Mrs O has not given up her battle to remain as the partner of SS at the main nest even though FS2 has tried to usurp her and steal her partner," she said.
"It seems that having the attention of two females demanding fish and moving in on his territory is all a little too much for SS.
"The squabbling females were both on the nest with SS but rather than make a choice and send one of them packing, he wimped out and flew off leaving the females to battle it out for themselves."
However, she said the male bird took "full advantage of the situation" and mated with "whichever female was alone at the nest whenever he returned".
Ms Bennett said it appeared that Mrs O now seemed to be winning the battle as FS2 had not been seen at the nest for a few days.
"She could be laying eggs which have been fertilised by SS into another nest," she said.
"This is the sort of behaviour that wouldn't be out of place on an episode of Jeremy Kyle for ospreys."
She added that they hoped to see an egg in the nest soon before time ran out for any chicks this season.


A woman has been raped in a park in Dungannon, County Tyrone.

The woman was walking her dog on an isolated path in Peatlands Park at about 14:45 BST on Wednesday when she was assaulted.
The man who attacked her fled the scene on what has been described as a black mountain bike.
Police have described it as an "appalling attack" and have appealed for anyone with any information to contact them.
A large-scale police operation, including helicopter cover, was put in place when the crime was reported, but the attacker has not been caught.
Police have described the attacker as about 6ft tall, aged in his 20s, clean shaven with chubby cheeks and droopy eyes.
The man was wearing dark clothing, a hi-vis jacket and a cycling helmet.
Peatlands Park is an area which is popular with families.


A man has described how he nearly died after his leg was "sucked" on to an electrified rail by the current.

Chris Dos Santos fell onto the rail while walking on the track at Totton, Hampshire, after drinking with friends.
He said the 750-volt rail "sucked me in" until friends managed to pull him free.
The Health and Safety Executive said an electric shock causes a loss of muscle control meaning the person cannot move away from the power source.
Mr Dos Santos, 29, spent three months recovering in hospital from severe burns and multiple cardiac arrests.
He said the incident in August 2015 had left him suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and nightmares.
Mr Dos Santos recalled seeing purple flashes and smelling burnt body tissue as he lay on the ground.
He said: "The power was so immense, you can't get off the rail. I sort of accepted my fate.
"I had a moment of clarity and then I decided, no, this isn't going to happen to me, and that's when I pushed harder and shouted at my friends."
Mr Dos Santos said he had needed eight operations for injuries which included a two-inch (5cm) hole in his back.
"My kidneys were failing, they were saying I would have to have the leg amputated, things were very touch and go", he added.
He said he had agreed to speak about the incident to make people aware of the effects of the 750-volt rail.
Network Rail said it was publicising the story because December usually saw a 25% rise in alcohol-related incidents on the railway.


Community groups involved in an initiative to tackle female genital mutilation in England and Wales have warned that future progress could be threatened by a lack of local funding.

Over six years, the Tackling FGM Initiative has given Â£2.8m of funding to community-based prevention schemes.
It said in a report that the funding had helped spark a necessary debate about FGM.
But it added that maintaining momentum would be difficult without more money.
The initiative was set up by five charitable trusts, including Comic Relief, to discourage the cutting of girls' sexual organs.
As well as funding the work of dozens of community groups, the money also paid for the training of more than 6,000 teachers and healthcare staff in how to spot and respond to the illegal act of female genital mutilation.
Under the scheme, people were encouraged to work within their own communities. For example, a Somali elder in Bolton recruited other men in his community to emphasise the need to protect their daughters.
But the Tackling FGM Initiative's report said there was still a lack of clarity over who should be funding future FGM prevention work.
It said local authorities, health and wellbeing boards, and public health or clinical commissioning groups all had a part to play.
The report says it is difficult to measure the success of preventing FGM because of the lack of data about an illegal procedure, but, using surveys, it found attitudes to FGM had changed.
It concludes that awareness of FGM has increased, particularly among women, and there has been a strong focus on educating young people from a wide range of communities.
But the report warns that funding is still the major barrier to ending mutilation and the authors say, in the current financial climate, it will be difficult to maintain progress.
It said: "There is good evidence that the community-based approach has worked with a range of audiences within communities affected by FGM and has started to create a critical mass of people who are opposed to the practice."


Mae Brexit wedi dominyddu'r agenda gwleidyddol ar ddiwrnod agoriadol y Sioe Frenhinol yn Llanelwedd ddydd Llun.

Fe wnaeth Ysgrifennydd Materion Cefn Gwlad Cymru, Lesley Griffiths, gyfarfod Ysgrifennydd Amaeth San Steffan, Michael Gove, am y tro cyntaf ers iddo gael ei benodi ym mis Mehefin.
Dywedodd bod gan Fesur Diddymu Llywodraeth y DU y potensial i "droi'r cloc yn ôl 20 mlynedd" i'r diwydiant amaeth.
Ond mae Mr Gove yn dweud y bydd gadael yr Undeb Ewropeaidd yn darparu ffermwyr Cymru â "chyfleoedd newydd i dyfu a ffynnu".
Roedd Prif Weinidog Cymru Carwyn Jones ac Ysgrifennydd Gwladol Cymru Alun Cairns ymysg y miloedd o ymwelwyr ar ddiwrnod cyntaf gŵyl amaethyddol fwyaf Ewrop.
Fe wnaeth Ms Griffiths godi pryderon am y ffordd mae Llywodraeth y DU yn bwriadu cyflwyno cyfreithiau'r UE i gyfraith Prydain.
Mae pwerau am amaeth a'r amgylchedd wedi'u datganoli i Lywodraeth Cymru.
Ond mae'r Mesur Diddymu yn awgrymu y bydd pŵer dros faterion sy'n dychwelyd o Frwsel yn cael eu dal yn San Steffan dros dro.
Maen nhw'n mynnu y byddai hyn yn cynnwys yr hyblygrwydd i'r llywodraethau datganoledig wneud newidiadau wedi'u selio ar anghenion penodol y gwledydd hynny.
Ond dywedodd Ms Griffiths bod y sefyllfa yn golygu y byddai gan Gymru lai o bwerau a llai o hyblygrwydd na phan yn aelod o'r UE.
"Mae datganoli wedi'n galluogi i addasu ein polisïau ar gyfer ffermwyr Cymraeg, gyda dealltwriaeth o'u hanghenion gwahanol," meddai.
"Rwy'n pryderu bod y Mesur Diddymu, ynghyd â diffyg trafod Llywodraeth y DU gyda ni i ddeall anghenion ffermwyr Cymraeg, yn golygu y bydd y ddealltwriaeth yma yn cael ei golli ac y bydd y diwydiant yng Nghymru yn mynd degawdau am yn ôl."
Dywedodd Ms Griffiths y byddai'n codi ei phryderon â Mr Gove, gan ei gyhuddo o ddangos "difaterwch llwyr am ddatganoli".
Dywedodd AC Plaid Cymru Simon Thomas, fydd yn rhannu gweledigaeth y blaid am amaethyddiaeth yn sgil Brexit yn y sioe, bod Mr Gove eisiau bod y person sy'n gwneud penderfyniadau pwysig ar amaeth a'r amgylchedd yng Nghymru.
"Mae Plaid Cymru yn cytuno â'r angen am fframweithiau'r DG wrth i ni adael yr Undeb Ewropeaidd, ac yr oeddem eisiau gweithio i lunio'r fframweithiau hynny ar gyfer amaethyddiaeth, pysgodfeydd a'r amgylchedd, ond mae agwedd Gweinidogion Torïaidd yn Whitehall yn gwneud hyn yn amhosib," meddai.
"Yr hyn rydym yn weld yn awr yw nid fframweithiau, ond pethau sy'n cael eu gosod."
Cyn ei ymweliad, dywedodd Mr Gove, wnaeth gyhoeddi ddydd Gwener y bydd yn rhaid i ffermwyr ddangos eu bod nhw'n haeddu cymorthdaliadau yn dilyn Brexit, ei fod yn bwriadu "dathlu llwyddiant y diwydiant cig oen yng Nghymru" yn ystod ei ymweliad.
Cig oen yw traean y bwyd sy'n cael ei allforio o Gymru, ac roedd gwerth £110m i'r economi y llynedd.
Ond mae 90% o'r hyn sy'n cael ei yrru dramor yn mynd i'r Undeb Ewropeaidd.
Mae undebau amaeth Cymru a Hybu Cig Cymru wedi mynnu bod mynediad i farchnadoedd Ewropeaidd yn hanfodol.
Cyn ei ymweliad, dywedodd Mr Gove: "Bydd gadael yr UE yn darparu cyfleoedd newydd i'r diwydiant hynod lwyddiannus yma dyfu a ffynnu, ac rwy'n edrych ymlaen at gwrdd â ffermwyr a chynhyrchwyr i glywed eu barn am sut y gallwn ni yrru'r sector ymlaen."
Dywedodd cadeirydd Undeb Amaethwyr Cymru, Glyn Roberts ddydd Sul ei fod yn "siomedig iawn" gyda'r ffordd y mae trafodaethau Brexit wedi'u cynnal hyd yn hyn, a galwodd ar lywodraethau Cymru a'r DU i gydweithio.
Ar faes y Sioe ddydd Llun dywedodd Mr Roberts fod "cynnydd wedi bod yn araf ar faterion allweddol oherwydd diffyg cyfathrebu rhwng llywodraethau'r DU a Chymru.
"Mae cynhadledd amaethyddol rhynglywodraethol yn hanfodol i sicrhau cynnydd ar y materion cyfansoddiadol pwysig sy'n rhaid delio â nhw cyn bod grymoedd yn dod yn ôl i Frwsel o Lundain," meddai.


The proposed £1bn Swansea Bay tidal lagoon could go ahead if the cost is spread over a longer timescale, it has been claimed.

Swansea Bay City Region board chairman Sir Terry Matthews said the standard 35 year lifespan "did not make sense".
He said the UK government subsidy could be equivalent to nuclear energy prices if its lifetime was over 100 years.
Tidal Lagoon Power, the company behind the plan, has said it was confident it could hit a viable price.
Mr Matthews told BBC Wales the strike price could come down from the reported £160 a megawatt hour to nearer £100 - similar to the new nuclear plan proposed for Hinkley Point - if the project was seen as having a longer lifespan.
It comes after Welsh Secretary Stephen Crabb said last week a "big call" was needed on the future of the proposed scheme.
He said the project had a "very large subsidy" and other options need to be looked at to see if they were more affordable.
Prime minister David Cameron also recently said his enthusiasm was cooling due to costs.
Tidal Lagoon Power said: "Tidal lagoons will provide long term security of supply from 120 year British power stations.
"Clearly there is a price at which this prospect becomes viable and through our ongoing negotiation with government we are very confident that we can hit that price."
Source: Tidal Lagoon Power Ltd


He may have a famous name but he does not have an office or a phone yet.

Stephen Kinnock, as the son of a former Labour leader, is one of the better-known among the 2015 intake of MPs.
But like the rest of the new faces he has to wait for behind-the-scenes negotiations to conclude before he can be allocated a permanent office at Westminster.
"So no office," the Aberavon MP tells me. "We're hot-desking.
"I have been given a telephone extension on the system here in parliament but as I don't actually have a telephone or a desk or an office for any of those things I'm not sure what good that does me at the moment."
He says constituents can contact him via a number on his website.
Craig Williams held off a Labour challenge to hold Cardiff North for the Conservatives. He has benefited from a new induction programme with new MPs offered help from designated "buddies" among the parliamentary staff.
"I've had a couple of tours," he says. "Not that it helps because it's a bit like a rat warren in here. It's like Hogwarts, I think, but it's a great building to get lost in - and I'm going to continue getting lost but I'm sure it'll come before long."
Mr Williams knows where his office facilities are - he just struggles to find them.
"I've got a desk and a phone in committee room 17. It's up three floors that way, left-right, left-right. I get lost twice getting there but there's something in committee room 17 for me."
I ask Stephen Kinnock if he has had any advice from his father. The question is met with a familiar throaty chuckle. "What my dad has always said to me is 'be yourself. You'll get criticism, you'll get people having a go at you, the key thing is to never take it personally. This is the job'."
Before he can get on with the job, he and the other 649 MPs have to be sworn in, taking the oath of allegiance. They have to do this in English, but can repeat the oath - or affirmation - in Welsh, Scottish Gaelic or Cornish. Without it, they can't take part in Commons debates or votes - or even get paid.


Arsenal goalkeeper Petr Cech will be out for three to four weeks with a calf injury, says manager Arsene Wenger.

The 33-year-old is likely to miss at least four league games, plus the Champions League trip to Barcelona and FA Cup replay against Hull.
He was injured when he ran back to his area after going up for a corner in Wednesday's 2-1 home defeat by Swansea.
The Gunners are third in the table, six points adrift of leaders Leicester, and three behind second-placed Tottenham.
Arsenal, who are trying to win a first Premier League title since 2004, visit north London rivals Spurs on Saturday.


Ayr United boss Ian McCall has admitted he left Partick Thistle in 2011 to overcome a gambling addiction.

McCall departed Thistle while they were in the second tier and returned to management at Somerset Park in 2015.
"I've never spoken about it before but I battled this on my own," McCall told BBC Radio Scotland's Sportsound.
"I didn't really speak about it much and I don't, it's a very private thing."
Two years on from McCall leaving, the Jags secured promotion to Scotland's top flight and this season Thistle are enjoying their first Premiership top-six finish.
"I didn't leave Thistle when they were on the verge of having a very good team again because I wanted to leave football," former Falkirk and Dundee United manager McCall explained.
"I left because I had to sort myself out.
"I was standing places thinking I was invisible as the manager of Partick Thistle. Looking back, it was just a horrendously bad period in my life.
"I felt the need to conquer it and I did it my way."
With the issue of gambling in football having been highlighted by the Scottish FA and England's FA taking disciplinary action against players and club officials, McCall stressed that there is a line to be drawn between addiction and other betting habits.
"This is a serious, serious subject and there has to be a distinction between a gambling addiction, which I went through myself, and people betting on football matches," said McCall, who played for nine Scottish clubs, including Rangers and Dunfermline.
"A gambling addiction is way, way too serious to talk about in a football show and people who talk about it, they don't get it, they don't understand it, they've not been through it.
"I'm six years free on 9 October this year and that has no relation at all to a footballer going and putting £5 on a football team to win a game of football, no relation whatsoever.
"When it's as serious as it gets, you need to approach things and your whole life in a very, very different way and people that know about it are the only ones that know about it.
"It's an addiction that people are very blasé about at times, I think they don't get just how serious it is."
Ayr were promoted to the Championship via last season's play-offs but could not stay up this season.
They finished bottom after Saturday's 2-1 defeat by Raith Rovers and McCall is determined to get them back in the second tier by winning next season's League One.
"Ayr United, we need to go and win a league, it's quite simple," he added.


A great-grandmother who was killed in the Tunisia terror attack had a "lust for life", her family said on the day of her funeral.

Eileen Swannack, 73, and her partner John Welch, 74, were among 30 British tourists killed in Sousse on 26 June.
The Wiltshire couple had been together for eight years and had visited the country annually since 2011.
Her family paid tribute saying she "had a heart of gold and was always first to offer help to others".
Mrs Swannack, who was one of five siblings, moved to the village of Biddestone with her husband Eddie in the 1960s.
She met Mr Welch, a former plumber from Corsham, having been widowed in 2005.
"John Welch had become her close companion and the couple enjoyed holidaying together," her family said.
"They had visited Sousse, in Tunisia, for the preceding four years, loving the resort and sunshine."
Brought up in Bristol, Mrs Swannack worked in the stores at the Westinghouse in Chippenham before taking a job at a local pub.
"Eileen was always full of energy. She exuded youthfulness and had a real sense of fun and mischief," her family said.
"She played an important role in the lives of all who knew her."
Following her funeral at St Nicholas' Church in Biddestone, her family thanked family and friends for helping them "get through this incredibly difficult time".
They also thanked the team at RAF Brize Norton, Thomson Holidays and the Counter Terrorism Unit among others, for bending over backwards to "make the difficult process as trouble free as possible".
"We offer our particular thanks to the professional way that Eileen was repatriated back into the UK with compassion, professionalism, dignity and care. This has been of utmost comfort to us," they said.
Mr Welch's funeral is likely to take place next week, the BBC understands.


Armed groups in Central African Republic have agreed to release all the children that are working with them and end child recruitment, the UN says.

Militias are said to have recruited 6,000-10,000 children to work as soldiers, messengers or cooks.
The UN children's agency, Unicef, says it now needs to see the agreement put into practice.
Unicef says the CAR conflict "has created one of the world's worst - and least visible - humanitarian crises".
CAR has been wracked by violence since a mainly Muslim rebel group seized power in March 2013.
The Seleka group was then ousted, sparking a wave of violent reprisals against the Muslim population, thousands of whom fled their homes.
Government representatives, leaders of armed groups and UN agencies negotiated the deal during a week of talks in the CAR capital, Bangui.
Unicef chief in CAR Mohamed Malick Fall described it as "a major step forward for the protection of children".
But Unicef is cautious and wants immediate access to areas under the control of armed groups, and a strict timetable for the children's release, reports the BBC's Imogen Foulkes from Geneva, where Unicef is based.
Also the children will face a long rehabilitation, Unicef says.
A week-long national reconciliation forum began on Monday in Bangui bringing together politicians, armed groups, and religious leaders.
The talks are part of a process aimed at leading to new elections.