The government does not yet have enough votes from MPs to back air strikes against Islamic State (IS) in Syria, Defence Secretary Michael Fallon said.

He told the BBC he had been in talks with Labour MPs but added: "We've got to keep building the case".
He admitted it would be harder to get the support if Labour ordered its MPs to vote against air strikes in Syria.
Labour's Jeremy Corbyn, who opposes air strikes, said he had not decided whether to offer them a free vote.
MPs could vote next week on whether to extend UK air strikes against IS into Syria, but the government has said it will not call the vote unless it is certain to win.
Ministers need the support of enough Labour MPs to compensate for Conservative rebels who will vote against military intervention, and Mr Fallon said he had been briefing Labour MPs on the government's case.
It's all about the numbers. Even though the government has a majority of 12, a number of Conservative MPs - perhaps a dozen - have strong doubts about extending air strikes to Syria.
And the government will not risk a defeat in the House of Commons. In fact, it wants an emphatic win.
The government won't get the support of SNP MPs, the third largest party in Parliament, so it needs a chunk of Labour MPs with it.
Some Labour MPs had briefings with the MoD this weekend and are wrestling with the arguments, listening to constituents.
It is why Jeremy Corbyn's decision is so important.
If he allows a free vote, perhaps half his shadow cabinet and around 60 Labour MPs may vote for air strikes. If he insists on collective opposition there will be an almighty row within the Parliamentary Labour Party that could scupper the government's plans.
One shadow cabinet minster has told me there's a chance Labour will not agree a position on Monday at all and will wait for the wording of the government's motion before deciding how to vote.
It will be a crucial week.
Asked if the numbers were in place to support action, Mr Fallon said "not yet", but that ministers were "working at it"..
"You shouldn't extend military operations lightly," he said. "There are legitimate questions to answer and we're doing our best to answer them."
He also rejected suggestions attacking IS, also known as Isil, would make the UK more of a target. saying: "There are always risks in war but there is a greater risk from not doing something about Isil and leaving our streets vulnerable to the kind of slaughter we saw in Paris."
MPs rejected a vote for air strikes against Syrian government targets in 2013. However, it is taking part in air strikes against IS in Iraq after MPs backed the move last year.
Mr Corbyn, who has set out his opposition to bombing, reiterated his position, saying he "seriously questions" the government's claim there are 70,000 moderate opposition fighters on the ground.
He said: "There also has to be a recognition that if we bomb in Raqqa we are going to take out civilian lives, we may not in effect do very much damage to Isil and actually may make the situation worse not better."
The Labour leader said it would be for him to decide whether to offer a free vote to his MPs, which would mean they would not be bound to follow the party line.
He added: "No decision has been made on that yet, I am going to find out what MPs think.
"Obviously there are strong views on both directions. We will have a further discussion on this. We will make that decision not at this moment but later on."
Mr Corbyn said he had received 70,000 responses to a survey sent out to Labour supporters on Friday canvassing their opinions on air strikes, and a decision would be taken "as a party".
There is mounting pressure for a free vote, a move supported by shadow chancellor and Corbyn ally John McDonnell.
Shadow justice secretary Lord Falconer said there were "significant differences" within Mr Corbyn's top team on the issue which he did not think could be reconciled.
Former shadow business secretary Chuka Umunna said he would vote with his conscience even if ordered to follow the party line, adding on Sky News that there was "no shame in there being a broad range of views on issues of war and peace" within Labour ranks.
Both Mr Umunna and Lord Falconer said they were minded to support air strikes.
Labour MP Stephen Kinnock, who plans to oppose air strikes, said a free vote should be offered because the issue is a "matter of conscience".
But two other MPs, who both suggested they too would vote against air strikes, said they felt the vote should be whipped.
Speaking on BBC Radio 4's The World This Weekend, both Liam Byrne and Jess Phillips criticised Mr Corbyn's handling of the situation.
SNP deputy leader Stewart Hosie said his party had not been convinced by the argument for military action.
Unless the government could present a plan "to avoid the anarchy of Libya", he said, "of course we couldn't possibly support conflict in the current climate".
UKIP's Nigel Farage was dismissive of the government's strategy.
"What the prime minister and Michael Fallon were saying is, let's send another three jets, that's all we're talking about. I'm sorry, I don't believe that. I've heard these arguments over repeated military interventions."


A week-long delay in realising a notorious criminal had been murdered has left police with a "challenging" crime scene, a senior detective said.

Paramedics were called to John "Goldfinger" Palmer's Essex home to reports of a cardiac arrest on 24 June.
But a post-mortem examination on 30 June revealed the 64-year-old convicted conman had been shot in the chest.
Essex Police has referred itself to the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC).
The force said police and paramedics who were called to Palmer's house in Sandpit Lane, South Weald, "initially assessed the death as non-suspicious due to pre-existing injuries due to recent surgery".
"Closer inspection raised doubt and a post-mortem examination was conducted to establish the cause of death," he added.
Earlier, the senior detective in charge of the murder investigation refused to comment on claims the case had been "bungled".
Det Ch Insp Simon Werrett said his priority was to find whoever was responsible and he would not respond to allegations made by a former Metropolitan Police chief that the force had been "utterly incompetent".
John O'Connor told The Sun: "It's one of the most terrible mistakes in policing I've ever heard of."
'The timeshare king'
When asked if the crime scene had been compromised because of the delay in starting the murder investigation, Det Ch Insp Werrett said it was "challenging".
"However, we do have a crime scene and we're deploying our specialist forensic and search officers around that crime scene," he said.
The East of England Ambulance Service, whose crews went to Palmer's house in Sandpit Lane, said his death was not initially raised as suspicious.
Essex Police is appealing for anyone who was in Sandpit Lane on the afternoon of 24 June to come forward.
Palmer was jailed for eight years in 2001 for masterminding a timeshare fraud targeting people across the UK.
He was cleared of handling proceeds from the 1983 Brinks Mat bullion raid at Heathrow Airport, but his alleged involvement earned him the nickname "Goldfinger".


A group of farmers from South Gloucestershire have been protesting against low milk prices - by targeting supermarket fridges.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
31 July 2015 Last updated at 21:58 BST
Six farmers loaded up trolleys with milk, clearing the shelves at Morrisons, Tesco and Lidl in Yate on Thursday.
Trolleys were then left at the checkout. One of those involved, Matt Kingston, told BBC Points West that British dairy farming could be a "thing of the past" unless something is done about prices.
Morrisons, the supermarket shown in the video, said it buys milk from processors - not farmers - and those businesses set the price paid to farmers.


Edinburgh will probably need to win all five of their remaining Pro12 matches to secure a play-off place, claims loosehead prop Alasdair Dickinson.

The Murrayfield side are seventh in the table and face a difficult run-in as they seek a top-four finish.
"We have five huge games coming up and I think we need to win all of them if we want a shout of the play-offs or even the top six," said Dickinson, 32.
"It's really tight in the middle of the table."
Dickinson, with Willem Nel and Ross Ford part of an all-Edinburgh first-choice Scotland front row, has returned from international duty for the run-in.
The immediate target is a win in Wales on Sunday against Newport Gwent Dragons before a home match against second-bottom Zebre five days later.
Away games against Leinster and Munster follow before a Murrayfield date against Cardiff Blues.
"We have to think about winning every game, that's what we have to target, starting with Dragons away which is always a brutal encounter," continued the former Gloucester prop.
"It's a real tough run-in. We just have to take each game as it comes. We have a tough turnaround Sunday to Friday."
Asked to pinpoint what has led to Alan Solomons' men losing five of their last six matches in all competitions, he replied: "It's hard to know exactly what's gone wrong.
"We have let ourselves down with errors, a couple of soft tries at times, which have killed us.
"Sometimes these breaks between the Six Nations (games) don't help, you lose a bit of momentum, but this morning we had a good session so we are looking at things we need to improve on, just little things.
"The guys who haven't been away with the national squad are good enough to win these games.
"It's just touching up on our detail and being clinical and finishing the opportunities that we get and in the last few games we just haven't managed to do that."


A paralysed man who wants a doctor to be able to lawfully kill him could live for another 20 years or more of "increasing misery", a court has heard.

Tony Nicklinson, 58, from Wiltshire, has locked-in syndrome following a stroke seven years ago.
His barrister also told the High Court he is not seeking a new law to allow euthanasia, but just wanted a "remedy".
But the government is to argue that such a ruling would authorise murder.
This legal bid differs from recent right-to-die cases which have focused on assisted suicide.
By Fergus WalshMedical correspondent
The hearing at the High Court represents a fundamental challenge to the law on murder.  It amounts to an appeal to allow euthanasia - the deliberate killing of a person on their request - which is strictly prohibited.
It goes further than the case of Diane Pretty, who had motor neurone disease. The House of Lords rejected her appeal in 2001 to allow her husband to assist her suicide.
The case raises huge ethical and social issues which will spark major debate in the weeks ahead.
Win or lose, Mr Nicklinson can be assured that the issue of whether there is a right to die will be discussed in great detail by judges, politicians, the media and the public.
Instead, Mr Nicklinson's paralysis is so severe that he would have to be killed by someone else, known as euthanasia.
The married father-of-two had a stroke in 2005 while on a business trip to Athens, leaving him paralysed, but with a fully-functioning mind.
Before the hearing, he told the BBC his life was a "living nightmare" because he cannot speak and needs other people to do everything for him.
He has to use a special computer to communicate.
Mr Nicklinson is not attending court, but in an email to his legal team, he said: "Legal arguments are fine but they should not forget that a life is affected by the decision they come to.
"A decision going against me condemns me to a 'life' of increasing misery."
His barrister, Paul Bowen QC, told the court: "Tony has now had almost seven years to contemplate his situation.
"With the continuing benefits of 21st century health and social care his life expectancy can be expected to be normal - another 20 years or more. He does not wish to live that life."
Mr Bowen added: "The claimant, who has made a voluntary, clear, settled and informed wish to end his own life with dignity, is too disabled to do so.
"The current law of assisted suicide and euthanasia operate to prevent him from adopting the only means by which he could practically end his life, namely with medical assistance."
Mr Bowen went on to claim that the current law had forced euthanasia underground, where it is unregulated.
Diane Pretty was terminally ill with motor neurone disease. She wanted the courts to give her husband immunity from prosecution if he was to help her die. In November 2001 the House of Lords refused her application.
Ms B was left a tetraplegic by a brain condition. She went to court because doctors refused to stop her artificial ventilation. The High Court ruled in 2002 that her request was valid and treatment was stopped.
Mrs Z, who had an incurable degenerative disease, wanted to go to Switzerland to die and Mr Z arranged it. An injunction to prevent the travel was granted to the local authority. The order was overturned in 2004.
MS sufferer Debbie Purdy challenged the lack of clarity on the law on assisted suicide. She wanted to understand how prosecutors would make a decision on whether or not to prosecute her husband if he was to assist her to get to Switzerland to be helped to die. Ms Purdy won her case and   guidance was issued.
He said there were in the region of 3,000 cases each year.
Mr Nicklinson's legal action was launched to seek an assurance that a doctor could intervene to end his "indignity" and have a common law defence of necessity against any murder charge.
His legal team is arguing that the defence of necessity can be used against a murder charge - arguing that the only way to end his suffering is to allow him to die.
They are also claiming that his case is covered by Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights which deals with the right to respect for private and family life.
The hearing is expected to last four days, and judges will also hear argument in a judicial review claim by another locked-in syndrome named only as Martin, who is 47.
Part of his case involves a challenge to the Director of Public Prosecution' s policy on assisted suicide.
A ruling will not be made until a later date.


Worcester head coach Carl Hogg says Gary Gold's impending arrival as director of rugby for the rest of the season will free him to concentrate on getting things right on the pitch.

Gold will report for work at Sixways on Monday morning to inherit a Warriors side who currently are up against it.
"It was something I instigated," Hogg told BBC Hereford & Worcester.
"Gary coming in gives us direction. It allows me to go back on the shop floor and do more hands on stuff," he added.
"I can go back to working with the squad day to day."
Warriors chief executive Jim O'Toole says the latest change in management structure was one discussed at boardroom level.
"We had a lengthy, very open and honest, frank and honourable conversation with Carl and we decided that support was needed," he told BBC Hereford & Worcester.
"It was part of an ongoing review we'd been undertaking as results have developed throughout the season. In this brutal league, there's no hiding place when things aren't going well. And he mapped out the sort of support he needed.
"Gary coming in will help with a galvanising of the team. Players like certainty. They like a strong voice of leadership. Gary has a proven track record of turning teams around. We believe that a fresh voice is what is required."
Warriors are misfiring in the Premiership, having won just twice, and drawn two of their 13 games this season to sit just a point above bottom club Bristol.
They are also out of the European Challenge Cup and are now looking unlikely to progress in the Anglo-Welsh Cup after Saturday's 28-22 home defeat by Harlequins.
Warriors led 14-0 after first-half tries from centre Wynand Olivier and wing Bryce Heem and were still leading 10 minutes into the second half, 19-7, thanks to a third try from hooker Josepeh Taufete'e,
But Quins lock forward Charlie Matthews' interception try transformed the contest, before two late tries from Alofa Alofa completed the turnaround,
"We were on top 14-0 and looking a very good side," added Hogg. "But, after the interception try, we lost a little momentum. It dented our confidence and we struggled to get a handle in the second half. We needed to weather the storm and Quins picked us off."
To add to injury-hit Warriors' woes, they now look unlikely to have flanker Carl Kirwan back this season following his shoulder injury and their hopes of recalling South African Francois Hougaard for his first start of the season were scuppered as he has now gone down with tonsillitis.


Two pedigree puppies were stolen within a 40-minute window after their owner was rushed to hospital.

The four-week-old shih tzu pups were taken from a house in Exmouth, Devon, in the time between their owner being admitted and a family member arriving to look after them.
Owner Christine Bolton said it was "heartbreaking" and the un-weaned dogs "need their mum".
Cash was also taken from a safe during the theft on Sunday evening.
Ms Bolton said: "I just want my pups back. They need their mum and she needs the pups.
"She idolised those pups. The first night she was terrible - she was in and out, in and out - she was crying."
The dogs were taken from a house on Colleton Way between 20:30 and 21:10 BST.
One is an unnamed male and is black and white, and the other is a female named Lola and is brown and white.
The thieves also stole money from a safe and ransacked a second bedroom where Ms Bolton had flowers from her mother's recent funeral.
Ms Bolton, who was discharged from hospital on Monday, said: "This has been my family home since I was 14 in 1963.
"With my mum gone last month and now all this, it's not a home anymore."
Det Con Paul Perryman said the dogs' mother Zena was very distressed.
"The puppies are not yet fully weaned and are likely to become ill very quickly, so we urge anyone who is offered them or who knows anything to get in touch with police immediately."


Scientists have discovered that Venus has an ozone layer.

The thin layer, hundreds of times less dense than the Earth's, was discovered by the European Space Agency's (Esa) Venus Express craft, researchers report in the journal Icarus.
Until now, ozone layers have only been detected in the atmospheres of Earth and Mars, and the discovery on Venus came as a surprise.
The find could help astronomers refine their hunt for life on other planets.
The European spacecraft spied the ozone layer when focusing on stars through Venus' atmosphere.
The distant stars appeared fainter than expected, because the ozone layer absorbed some of their ultraviolet light.
The paper's lead author Franck Montmessin, of the LATMOS atmospheric research centre in France, explained that Venus' ozone layer sits 100km up; about three times the height of our own.
The ozone - a molecule containing three oxygen atoms - formed when sunlight broke down carbon dioxide in the Venusian atmosphere to form oxygen molecules.
On Earth, ozone, which absorbs much of the Sun's harmful UV-rays preventing them reaching the surface, is formed in a similar way.
However, this process is supplemented by oxygen released by carbon dioxide-munching microbes.
Speaking of the international team's find, Hakan Svedhem, ESA project scientist for the Venus Express mission, said: "This ozone detection tells us a lot about the circulation and the chemistry of Venus's atmosphere.
"Beyond that, it is yet more evidence of the fundamental similarity between the rocky planets, and shows the importance of studying Venus to understand them all."
Some astrobiologists assume that the presence of oxygen, carbon, and ozone in an atmosphere indicates that life exists on a planet's surface.
The new results negate that assumption - the mere presence of oxygen in an atmosphere is now not enough evidence to start looking for life.
However, the presence of large quantities of these gases, as in the Earth's atmosphere, is probably still a good lead, the scientists said.
"We can use these new observations to test and refine the scenarios for the detection of life on other worlds," said Dr Montmessin.


Pills seized from the home of singer Prince contained the dangerously powerful synthetic opioid fentanyl but were mislabelled, according to reports.

Speaking to the Minneapolis Star Tribune, officials investigating the artist's death said the pills were labelled as hydrocodone, a weaker type of opioid.
Autopsy results released in June revealed Prince died of an accidental fentanyl overdose.
Officials told the Associated Press the singer had no prescriptions for controlled substances at the time.
Prince was found dead at 57 in an elevator inside his Paisley Park home in April.
According to the Star Tribune report, the musician weighed just 50kg (8 stone) at the time of his death and had significantly more than a fatal dose of fentanyl in his system.
Fentanyl has been linked to a surge in overdoses in parts of the US after being incorporated into counterfeit pills.
The counterfeit pills found in Paisley Park contained a variety of drugs, according to the Associated Press, including fentanyl, lidocaine and U-4770, a synthetic drug eight times more powerful than morphine.
Tests on Prince prior to his death did not show fentanyl in his system, AP said, citing an official involved with the investigation, indicating the singer was not a long-term user of the drug.
The official said Prince had many of these pills with him a week before his death when his aeroplane made an emergency stop in Illinois after he fell ill.
He reportedly received two doses of Narcan, an antidote used to reverse suspected opioid overdoses.
A singer, songwriter, arranger and multi-instrumentalist, Prince recorded more than 30 albums. His best known hits include Let's Go Crazy and When Doves Cry.
Fentanyl is an extremely strong painkiller, prescribed for severe chronic pain, or breakthrough pain which doesn't respond to regular painkillers.
It is an opioid painkiller which means it works by mimicking the body's natural painkillers, called endorphins, which block pain messages to the brain.
It can cause dangerous side effects, including severe breathing problems.
The risk of harm is higher if the wrong dose or strength is used.


European football is littered with 'little Leicester Citys' this season - the clubs top of their league when nobody would have expected it.

While RB Leipzig and Nice have made headlines in Germany and France respectively, an even more unfancied underdog leads the way in Turkey.
Istanbul Basaksehir shrug off comparisons with Leicester, though - because their sights are set higher.
"They were a fairytale last season, but before that they were 14th and now they're in a similar position again," senior board member Mustafa Erogut told BBC Sport.
"We want to be in the top four or five every season."
Galatasaray have won four of the past 10 Super Lig titles, with Fenerbahce claiming three, Besiktas two and, in 2010, Bursaspor became champions for the first time.
But if Basaksehir win the Istanbul derby with champions Besiktas on Saturday (16:00 GMT), they will be five points clear at the top.
It is a remarkable rise for a club that until recently struggled to attract crowds in three figures to matches at their 17,800-capacity Basaksehir Fatih Terim Stadium.
"Up until two years ago we had about 100 fans at Super Lig games," said Erogut. "There are some advantages to that, though - when you're on a bad run you don't have anyone protesting at matches.
"At the same time, when things go well you want a sold-out stadium."
Basaksehir's lack of support is mainly a result of being a relatively young club.
Whilst Fenerbahce and Galatasaray have districts of the city to call their own on the European and Asian sides of the Bosphorus, the league leaders, founded in 1990, are located in a newly constructed part of Istanbul.
"Manchester United, Arsenal and Chelsea have hundreds of years of history, it's the same with the big clubs in Istanbul," said Erogut.
"Nobody can say they are from the Basaksehir district because it's only about 10 years old. It's difficult to break barriers here."
Not only are Basaksehir the city's youngest club, they also have a much younger fanbase than their rivals. In fact, almost all of their supporters are students who follow the club not out of passion, but out of protest.
"We started to support the club to show that there is another way," said Basaksehir supporter Alperen. "We wanted to show it's possible to follow football without conflict."
Alperen, a member of the club's Grey Owls supporters' group, is referring to the politics and violence which have damaged the image of the sport in Istanbul.
Earlier this year, a five-year ban which prevented away fans attending fixtures between the city's big clubs was lifted. It had been imposed after repeated incidents of violence at matches.
The extreme animosity between rivals drove disillusioned football fans to Basaksehir.
"I think it's like your child is growing," added Alperen. "It's a really good feeling because you supported this team and expected no achievements, you just wanted to support them.
"Then they become successful and it's a great feeling to follow them. I feel good when I say to people that I support Basaksehir."
So who is the mastermind behind Basaksehir's rise to the top?
Head coach Abdullah Avci is in his second spell with the club having returned in 2014, three years after leaving to manage Turkey.
Since the 53-year-old's return, Basaksehir have achieved back-to-back fourth-placed finishes.
"He's like the American businessman Warren Buffett," said Erogut. "Buffett is a very rich man because he buys undervalued stock. Mr Avci is very good at finding undervalued players and making them better."
Basaksehir are a club on the rise, and as their small corner of Istanbul continues to breed a new generation of supporters, they could soon become the city's most fashionable side.
So what are the chances Basaksehir, who have beaten both Fenerbahce and Galatasaray this season, will be crowned champions of Turkey for the first time?
"We don't want to admit that," said Erogut.
For a man who shuns comparisons with Leicester, his answer copies Ranieri's approach last season, when the Italian repeatedly played down his side's title chances.
"I have read Ranieri's books and I like him a lot,' added Erogut. "He has a servant mentality, which fits well with Turkish culture.
"But, for us, Southampton is probably a better model. I read their chairman Ralph Krueger's manifesto. He says: 'We don't buy success we breed it.'"


A four-year-old girl who sparked a police search over fears she was missing was actually playing hide and seek in a nearby garden.

Officers put out an urgent appeal on Wednesday evening to say Amelia Jones was missing in Fairwater, Cwmbran.
But she was found a short time later.
A Gwent Police spokeswoman said on Thursday: "She was found safe and well, playing hide and seek in a front garden, totally unbeknown to the home owner."


The Metropolitan Police Service is investigating 255 separate allegations of non-recent sex abuse at football clubs in London.

The force said the allegations are connected to 77 clubs or teams.
The list includes all five London-based teams in the Premier League and three in the Championship.
Det Ch Supt Ivan Balhatchet said: "The Met takes all allegations seriously, and specialist officers will work through the information".
The scandal came to light after a number of former footballers came forward publicly to tell their stories.
The National Police Chiefs Council revealed earlier this month it had received more than 1,000 referrals UK-wide.
A specialist NSPCC hotline is available 24 hours a day on 0800 0232642.


Rhinestone Cowboy singer Glen Campbell has died at the age of 81 after "a long and courageous battle" with Alzheimer's disease, his family said.

"It is with the heaviest of hearts that we announce the passing of our beloved husband, father, grandfather," their statement said.
The legendary guitarist announced his Alzheimer's diagnosis in 2011.
A self-taught prodigy, he rose from a poor rural childhood to release over 70 albums and sell 45 million records.
He was credited with paving the way for other country crossover artists such as Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers.
Dolly Parton was among many stars who paid tribute to Campbell, describing him as "one of the greatest voices of all time".
Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys said he was "very broken up" by Campbell's death.
"An incredible musician and an even better person," Wilson tweeted.
Singer Brad Paisley praised Campbell "for the artistry, grace & class you brought to country music".
"You were a shining light in so many ways," he tweeted
End of Twitter post  by @SherylCrow
The son of a sharecropper, Glen Travis Campbell was born in Arkansas on 22 April 1936, the seventh of 12 children.
His first guitar cost $7 and he taught himself to play.
Campbell made his name in the music business as one of the top session guitarists in Los Angeles, and helped hone producer Phil Spector's famous Wall of Sound technique.
He toured for three months in 1965 with the Beach Boys, filling in for singer Brian Wilson after he suffered a breakdown.
Campbell played on hundreds of tracks including Daydream Believer by The Monkees, You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling by The Righteous Brothers, Strangers in the Night by Frank Sinatra and Viva Las Vegas by Elvis Presley.
But Campbell always wanted to make it under his own name.
After a string of flops, in 1967 he finally found his distinctive country pop sound with hits like Gentle On My Mind and By the Time I Get to Phoenix.
Wichita Lineman went to No 1 in the US, won a Grammy and became much requested by US soldiers fighting in Vietnam.
By the end of the 1960s, Campbell was the fastest rising star in American pop with his own TV show, The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour.
He also picked up a starring role alongside John Wayne in the original version of True Grit.
The peak of Glen Campbell's career was in 1975 when he topped the charts around the world with Rhinestone Cowboy.
Despite another smash hit in 1977 - Southern Nights - his private life was in turmoil.
Divorce, drink and drugs saw the clean-cut all-American hero fall from grace.
A tempestuous relationship with 21-year-old country star Tanya Tucker was front-page news.
Despite a relapse in 2003, when he was arrested for drunk-driving and his police mug shot was shown around the world, the last two decades had been more settled.
He remarried, started a new family and renewed his Christian faith, while a new generation discovered his music.
"I got down on my knees and prayed. And, eventually, I got rid of those demons," he said in an interview.
Like his friend Johnny Cash, Campbell released acclaimed new albums with younger musicians, covering songs by contemporary artists like U2 and The Foo Fighters.
In 2005 he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.


Germany's Marcel Kittel won a sprint to the line on stage 10 to claim his fourth victory of this year's Tour de France, as Britain's Chris Froome retained the leader's yellow jersey.

Kittel finished ahead of compatriot John Degenkolb, with Dutchman Dylan Groenewegen third on Tuesday's 178km stage from Perigueux to Bergerac.
It was the 29-year-old's 13th Tour stage win, taking him one ahead of Erik Zabel's German record of 12.
Froome claimed his 50th yellow jersey.
French pair Elie Gesbert and Yoann Offredo launched an early break, but their lead of more than five minutes was reined in with a little under 7km to go.
Kittel's power in the bunch sprint could not be matched, as the Quick-Step Floors rider beat Degenkolb by more than a bike length to extend his lead in the points classification.
Degenkolb said after the stage that Kittel was from "another planet" and he certainly seems peerless in the race this year, winning four of the five bunch sprints he has contested.
Kittel found the wheel of Britain's Dan McLay close to the finish and catapulted beyond his rivals with such ease that he was able to raise his arms in victory salute as he crossed the line.
The 29-year-old also won four stages in 2013 and 2014 but looks well placed to beat his previous best - and could even achieve that on Wednesday with another sprint finish expected at the end of the road to Pau.
Mark Cavendish, who crashed out of this year's race after tangling with Peter Sagan, won six stages in 2009 and it is very possible that Kittel could at least equal that tally given he has also won twice previously on the Champs Elysees in Paris.
"I can't really believe it," Kittel told ITV4. "To win four in one Tour, it is super nice. I'm really, really happy.
"I feel like I live in a small little bubble in a small little world and it cannot be true."
The victory for Kittel saw him extend his lead at the top of the sprinters' green jersey standing to 102 points over Australia's Michael Matthews.
The race resumed on Tuesday after the rest day and it was arguably the most pedestrian and incident-free stage so far.
Froome could be seen happily chatting to other riders as the main group criss-crossed the Dordogne on the road to Bergerac and there were no alarms for the Team Sky rider, who ended by claiming the 50th yellow jersey of his career after finishing in the bunch.
"It was quite relaxed as far as Tour de France flat stages go," said Froome. "It is another day out of the way."
There was no change at the top of the general classification standings. Briton Simon Yates retains the white jersey worn by the best rider under 25 and Frenchman Warren Barguil kept the King of the Mountains polka dot jersey.
The Pyrenees loom on the horizon - the race gets there on Thursday - but it should be another day for a bunch sprint on Wednesday.
The stage takes us 203.5km from Eymet to Pau and with one intermediate sprint and one category four climb.
Would anyone bet against another win for Kittel right now?
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Stage 10 result:
1. Marcel Kittel (Ger/Quick-Step Floors) 4hrs 1min
2. John Degenkolb (Ger/Trek-Segafredo) Same Time
3. Dylan Groenewegen (Ned/LottoNL-Jumbo)
4. Ruediger Selig (Ger/BORA-hansgrohe)
5. Alexander Kristoff (Nor/Katusha-Alpecin)
6. Nacer Bouhanni (Fra/Cofidis)
7. Daniel McLay (GB/ Fortuneo-Oscaro)
8. Pieter Vanspeybrouck (Bel/Wanty-Groupe Gobert)
9. Sonny Colbrelli (Ita/Bahrain-Merida)
10. Edvald Boasson Hagen (Nor/Team Dimension Data)
General classification after stage 10:
1. Chris Froome (GB/Team Sky) 42hrs 27mins 29secs
2. Fabio Aru (Ita/Astana Pro Team) +18secs
3. Romain Bardet (Fra/AG2R La Mondiale) +51secs
4. Rigoberto Uran (Col/Cannondale-Drapac) +55secs
5. Jakob Fuglsang (Den/Astana Pro Team) +1min 37secs
6. Daniel Martin (Ire/Quick-Step Floors) +1min 44secs
7. Simon Yates (GB/Orica-Scott) +2min 02secs
8. Nairo Quintana (Col/Movistar Team) +2min 13secs
9. Mikel Landa (Spa/Team Sky) +3min 06secs
10. George Bennett (NZ/LottoNL-Jumbo) +3min 53secs


Welsh Premier Women's League players Shaunna Jenkins and Chloe Chivers have been included in Wales' squad for Euro 2017 qualifier in Kazakhstan.

The Cwmbran Celtic pair are among 19 players in Jayne Ludlow's squad for the qualifier in Shymkent on 12 April.
Wales are currently third in Group 8, five points behind leaders Austria and two points adrift of Norway.
Kazakhstan are bottom of the group and Ludlow's side were 4-0 winners when the sides met in Haverfordwest in November.
Recent Liverpool signing Natasha Harding is also included.
Wales squad: Jo Price (To Be Confirmed), Laura O'sullivan (Cardiff City Ladies), Claire Skinner (Reading Ladies), Natasha Harding (Liverpool Ladies), Jess Fishlock (Seattle Reign), Loren Dykes (Bristol WFC), Rhiannon Roberts (Doncaster Ladies), Charlie Estcourt (Reading Ladies), Amelia Ritchie (Brighton Ladies), Rachel Rowe (Reading Ladies), Sophie Ingle (Liverpool Ladies), Angharad James (Notts County Ladies), Nadia Lawrence (Yeovil Town Ladies),Gemma Evans (Cardiff City Ladies), Kayleigh Green (Yeovil Town Ladies), Hayley Ladd (Bristol WFC), Helen Ward (Reading WFC), Shaunna Jenkins (Cwmbran Celtic), Chloe Chivers (Cwmbran Celtic)


Firefighters have been battling a blaze at a recycling business in Bridgend after about 2,000 tonnes of wood chips set on fire.

The fire started at South Wales Wood Recycling in Heol Llan, Coity, just before 03:30 BST on Monday.
Firefighters from Pencoed and Bridgend have isolated the burning material and they will resume work on Tuesday.
South Wales Wood Recycling said they were working around the clock to help stop the blaze.
In a statement the company said the blaze had affected an estimated 1,000-2,000 tonnes of recycled wood chip.
The cause of the fire is not yet know, but the company said the "circumstances were suspicious".
Natural Resources Wales officials are also at the scene in case of any environmental impact.


Most people have never heard of a Swiss man called Francisco Fernandez, but tens of millions of us rely on him to look after our money.

An unassuming 53-year-old who likes playing the piano in his spare time, he is responsible for the security of $4 trillion (Â£3.2tn) of bank deposits around the world.
Mr Fernandez is the founder and boss of a company that is as little known as he is - Avaloq.
The Swiss business and its 2,500 employees may fly under the radar, but it is one of the world's largest providers of banking software.
Its systems are used by more than 450 banks around the world, including the UK's Barclays, HSBC, and Royal Bank of Scotland, plus Deutsche Bank, Societe Generale, UBS and Nomura.
As you'd expect, Avaloq takes security very seriously, especially protecting banks from cyber-attack. To help make its software as secure as possible, the company has a novel approach - it pays technology firms in Israel to attack it.
With a number of hi-tech Israeli companies at the forefront of protecting against hacking, Avaloq uses them to test its defences.
Mr Fernandez says: "The Israelis are very, very good, they [the young tech workers] are coming out of active military service, and they are brilliant.
"We regularly appoint them to attack our systems in a controlled way, and then with their help we try to make our systems bulletproof.
"We do our homework, security is a constant thing... we get thousands of attacks per year but so far, touch wood, we have never had an intrusion into our systems."
For a company that today enjoys annual revenues of more than $500m (Â£351m), Avaloq has come a long way since 1991 when Mr Fernandez led a $200,000 management buyout of the computer department of Swiss bank BZ Bank.
At the time the department had just five members of staff, but Mr Fernandez had big ambitions.
He says he had long recognised that the software used by most banks across the world was both overly complicated and unstable, yet also too expensive.
His idea was to produce a simpler but stronger universal software system that could be used by multiple banks.
So with a small amount of money coming in from a single bank customer and some additional consulting work, Mr Fernandez and his team set to work on building their software system. It took them five years.
"Building a comprehensive banking system takes time," says Mr Fernandez.
When the software was finally ready to be sold to banks, Avaloq found that the notoriously risk-averse Swiss banking sector was reluctant to take a chance on a start-up business that by then still had only 20 employees.
Mr Fernandez says that many people thought it would be a "mission impossible" for Avaloq to find a buyer for its new software, but then thanks to a contact he was able to showcase it to no less than Switzerland's central bank, the Swiss National Bank.
The central bank was impressed enough to buy the software, which within six months saw five commercial Swiss banks follow suit. Overseas banks soon came on board too.
Today Avaloq offers banks two services - the use of its software, or a more intensive service whereby it also takes over the running of a bank's computer system. Some 17% of banks (holding $700bn of funds) now opt for the latter, which uses cloud computing technology.
Avaloq makes its money through continuing licence fees, and apart from a 10% stake held by a Swiss bank, the company is owned by its employees.
Of its 2,500 members of staff, 500 are programmers. In addition to a main base in Zurich, it also has offices in Edinburgh and as far afield as Manila, the capital of the Philippines.
Instead of staff getting individual bonus payments for hitting personal targets, all workers get a bonus if the company meets its annual objective, be that revenue growth or extended geographic reach.
Antony Peyton, deputy editor of trade paper Banking Tech, tells the BBC: "Avaloq's success can be attributed to chief executive Francisco Fernandez's astute leadership, and the Avaloq Banking Suite, its core software offering for private banks."
Mr Fernandez is the son of Spanish refugees who fled the dictatorship of General Franco and settled in the Swiss city of Lucerne before he was born.
He says his background played a large part in his decision to take a risk and launch Avaloq.
"My parents were fugitives after the Spanish Civil War, and that culture, of leaving your country, and having the guts to come out of your comfort zone, is very much in my DNA.
"As a child we couldn't afford a car, TV or central heating, but growing up in Switzerland was a huge privilege, and I was able to attend ETH Zurich, one of the best [universities] in the world for computer science.
"I feel privileged to have the top job at Avaloq, but I don't take anything for granted."
Follow The Boss series editor Will Smale on Twitter @WillSmale1


Interim Wales coach Rob Howley says his side's Six Nations title in 2013 is a better achievement than their clean sweep in 2012.

Wales recorded a record 30-3 win over England to deny them the Grand Slam at the Millennium Stadium.
Wing Alex Cuthbert scored two second-half tries to give Wales their fourth Six Nations title in nine years.
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"This is better than the Grand Slam last year. We were outstanding," said Howley.
"We talked about our discipline and attitude.
"To do what we have done after that first 30 minutes against Ireland is a great turnaround.
"They have shown great fortitude and they outclassed England."
Howley, who has taken charge with head coach Warren Gatland on British and Irish Lions duty, has now guided Wales to four straight wins.
Full-back Leigh Halfpenny kicked 12 points, with fly-half Dan Biggar slotting over eight points to secure a resounding win over an England side looking for their first Grand Slam since 2003.
England would have won the title had they lost the game by six points but were overrun by their hosts in front of a sell-out Millennium Stadium crowd.
"Wales played well, we didn't turn up and didn't match their physicality. It was better than ours."
- England coach Stuart Lancaster
"I never thought that we would play so well in front of a great crowd. The boys were outstanding and everyone worked so hard for each other."
- Man of the match Justin Tipuric
"England had a good Six Nations but when it really came to it, man-for-man, they were not as good as Wales...the bubble has been burst."
- World Cup-winning England coach Sir Clive Woodward
"It was when 70,000 cavorting Wales fans started chanting, "Easy! Easy!" that you finally flushed all pre-match predictions down the gurgler and reached instead for the record books."
- Read more of Tom Fordyce's verdict
It was Wales' 26th Championship title in the tournament, equalling England's haul.
Wales staged a dramatic comeback after their opening 30-22 loss to Ireland in the Six Nations opener - at the time an eighth defeat in a row.
Howley claimed he was confident Wales would bounce back from that defeat and reiterated his belief that the 2012 Grand Slam champions had not become a bad team despite their run of defeats.
Wales had lost their summer Test series 3-0 to Australia down under and suffered a clean sweep in their autumn Test series, with defeats by Argentina, Samoa, New Zealand and Australia.
"We kept on sending the message that good teams don't become bad teams overnight," said Howley.
"We were consistent with that message and the players have gone out and delivered.
Media playback is not supported on this device
"The Millennium Stadium is a unique place in world rugby and we felt with our experience, with the crowd behind us, we needed to start well.
"The first 20 minutes was the foundation."
Howley paid tribute to England after the full-time whistle and revealed Wales had designed a high-tempo game-plan to test England's fitness after they only had six days to prepare for the title-decider in Cardiff.
England beat Italy 18-11 at Twickenham last Sunday, a day after Wales had beaten Scotland at Murrayfield.
"They had a six-day turnaround, which is tough. We wanted to take advantage of that and we certainly did," said Howley.


Accrington Stanley have signed defender Harvey Rodgers and forward Jonathan Edwards on loan for remainder of season from Premier League side Hull City.

Edwards, 20, who started his senior career with Peterborough United, joined Hull in May and is yet to make a first-team appearance.
Like fellow 20-year-old Rodgers, Edwards has been a regular in Tigers' Under-23 side this season.
Accrington are 21st in the League Two table after 23 games.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Senior political figures are expected to attend a memorial service in London for former Liberal Democrat leader Charles Kennedy.

The 55-year-old, who had led the party for more than six years and was a former MP for Ross, Skye and Lochaber, died in June.
Mr Kennedy died at his home in Caol, near Fort William.
Tuesday afternoon's service is to be held in Southwark with friends, family and political colleagues expected.
Mr Kennedy died after suffering a major haemorrhage as a result of a long battle with alcoholism.
A Mass was later celebrated at St John's Roman Catholic Church in Caol before Mr Kennedy's body was buried at his family's cemetery at Clunes, Achnacarry.
The University of Glasgow held a memorial service to the Inverness-born politician earlier this year.
Mr Kennedy was a former student of the university and was also its first rector to be re-elected for a second term since former prime minister Benjamin Disraeli in the 1870s.


Andy Murray came from a set down to beat John Isner and reach the quarter-finals of the Shanghai Masters.

The British world number two, 28, showed excellent resilience in the face of the American's powerful serving to win 6-7 (4-7) 6-4 6-4.
Murray got the decisive break in the seventh game of the final set before serving out to seal victory after two hours and 31 minutes in China.
He will face Czech Tomas Berdych in the last eight on Friday.
"Your patience is certainly tested when you play against guys like John," Murray told Sky Sports.
"It's always tough against him - you can feel like you have control when you are into rallies but it's tough to get into them sometimes,"
Murray has won all five meetings with the 30-year-old 13th seed.
Serve was dominant in the opening set, with neither player forcing a break point and a tie-break was an almost inevitable conclusion.
Isner took it after claiming the decisive mini-break when leading 2-1, a superb drop shot catching Murray on his heels following a series of powerful forehands from the American.
Both players had chances when receiving in the second set and it was Murray who finally made the breakthrough at 4-4, a backhand down the line converting his seventh break point.
Even then he had to face two break-back points when serving for the set, with drop shots and clever second serves helping him to the level the match.
Murray continued to dominate in the final set but the American saved four more break points until a lob over the 6ft 10in Isner helped the Scot move ahead.
After missing a match point at 5-3, Murray than faced a break-back point as he served for the match but the American went wide with his return as Murray sealed victory.
Murray is hoping coach Amelie Mauresmo will return to his team for the start of the 2016 season after a "positive" telephone conversation with the Frenchwoman.
Mauresmo has been absent from his support staff since Wimbledon, having given birth to her first child in August, with Swede Jonas Bjorkman taking on the main coaching duties.
Murray said Mauresmo "has gone away to think about" their future, adding: "I think she wants to continue doing it. It obviously has to work for both, but I'm pretty positive about it."
Meanwhile, Nick Kyrgios will not be fined by the ATP despite being given a code violation for unsportsmanlike conduct during his second-round defeat by Kei Nishikori.
The Australian, 20, smashed away a loose ball and nearly hit a linesman after losing the second set on Wednesday.
Kyrgios was fined $1,500 (£984) on Tuesday after calling the tournament a "circus" and complaining about the ball kids during his first-round win over Andreas Haider-Maurer.


Championship side Burton have signed former Derby defender Shaun Barker.

Barker has not played competitively since dislocating his knee and rupturing ligaments in March 2012.
The 33-year-old, released by Derby in 2015, was captain at the Rams under now Burton boss Nigel Clough.
Barker told the club website: "If it doesn't happen now I will have to put my hands up and walk away. I don't like being defeated and I hope this year that I get back out there."
Meanwhile the Brewers have also signed attacking midfielder Will Miller on loan from Premier League side Tottenham.
Miller, 20, has signed a deal until the start of January.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Last season's beaten finalists Lisnagarvey are through to the second round of the Irish Senior Cup after a 3-2 win away to Pembroke Wanderers.

Instonians comfortably won their Ulster derby at Portadown while Cookstown and Mossley also made next week's draw.
Belfast Harlequins were one of the Ulster clubs knocked out as they fell 4-2 to Cork Church of Ireland.
It was a penalty stroke by skipper Daniel Buser four minutes from the end which saw Lisnagarvey edge Pembroke.
Andy Williamson had given Garvey the first-half lead but Irish international Alan Sothern equalised for the Dublin side from a penalty corner 10 minutes after the interval.
Williamson restored the visitors' lead only for Maurice Elliott to level matters again.
But Buser held his nerve to slot home the crucial stroke.
At Deramore, Belfast Harlequins took the lead against Cork C of I when Luke McClelland converted a cross from Chris Lemon.
But Cork came storming back, equalising within a minute through Andrew Daunt and adding further goals from Philip Brownlow and Simon Wolfe to lead 3-1 at half time.
Stephen Sweetnam made it 4-1 but McClelland was on hand to add some respectability to the final score.
Instonians ran out 6-0 winners at Portadown with two goals each for William Robinson, Stephen Kelso and Zac McClelland.
In a battle of first against second from the Ulster League, a Keith Black strike was the only goal as Cookstown won 1-0 at Kilkeel.


Ofsted is warning of a north-south divide in England's secondary schools.

The watchdog's annual report on education standards says about a third of secondary schools in the North and Midlands are not good enough.
Ofsted chief Sir Michael Wilshaw says more attention must be focused on regions where too many schools are "languishing in mediocrity".
Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said more needed to be done to "tackle pockets of underperformance".
The chief inspector of schools warns of schools in some cities in the North and Midlands that have "failed miserably year after year after year".
Ofsted annual report 2015
Sir Michael named 16 weak local authorities - where less than 60% of children attend good or outstanding schools and have below average "attainment and progress" at GCSE - with 13 in the North and Midlands.
They are Barnsley, Blackpool, Bradford, Derbyshire, Doncaster, Hartlepool, Knowsley, Liverpool, Middlesbrough, Oldham, Salford, St Helens and Stoke on Trent.
The other three are the Isle of Wight, Swindon and South Gloucestershire.
In Bradford, Sir Michael said the problems were so serious that he wanted a commission of inquiry and a separate commissioner for education.
And he warned that poor education meant that young people could be alienated and the "dangers of being alienated from British society are very great indeed".
Increasing attention is being paid to the geography of school underachievement - such as in coastal areas and regional differences.
And the report highlights concerns about a north-south gap - with stronger GCSE results in London and the South and weaker results in parts of the North and Midlands.
"This gap is a worrying one. We don't want to see a divided country after the age of 11," Sir Michael said.
More than 400,000 pupils in the North and Midlands go to a school that is "less than good", and the Ofsted chief said this could not be "explained away" by higher levels of deprivation.
Primary schools were much more successful than secondary, Sir Michael said, despite facing similar problems of social disadvantage.
He also used the example of London to show how deprivation need not be inevitably linked to lower results.
Sir Michael called for greater "political will" and more attention to improve the quality of teaching.
"We've seen a significant difference in the quality of teaching between the South and the Midlands and the North, a significant difference in terms of the quality of leadership... and we need to worry about this as a nation," he said.
"The mediocrity in secondary performance should be a national concern - and the mediocrity is residing mainly, but not exclusively, in the Midlands and north of England.
"If the 'northern powerhouse' is going to mean something, then we've got to improve educational performance in our secondary schools north of the Wash."
Sir Michael also warned that problems were being exacerbated by difficulties in recruiting teachers - and that schools in challenging areas could have the toughest time finding enough teachers in some subjects.
Recruitment problems were having a "significant impact", said the Ofsted chief.
Watchsted, a website that gathers inspections data, ranks local authorities in terms of the proportion of schools rated as "outstanding" or "good".
The bottom 10 at secondary school level includes northern authorities such as Knowsley, Bradford, Oldham, Blackpool and Doncaster - but also the Isle of Wight and Cambridgeshire.
Eight out of the top 10 authorities at secondary level are in London or the South East.
"More and more we are seeing that schools facing the biggest challenges are now in coastal and market towns, rather than large cities. And children from low income families have the greatest barriers," said James Westhead, executive director of Teach First.
Most secondary schools in England now have academy status - but the annual report says that in terms of raising standards "structural reform can only do so much".
And it highlights that being an academy does not "insulate" schools from decline, with 99 academies that had been good or outstanding being regraded as less than good.
Roy Perry, chairman of the children and young people board at the Local Government Association, said ranking councils by school results "disguises the fact that over 60% of secondary schools are now academies, leaving councils powerless to intervene early and build an improvement programme".
"It is extremely worrying that over the last three years only 37% of secondary schools have actually improved their Ofsted rating after becoming academies."
The Ofsted report also highlights that pupils' progress up to the end of primary is too often not sustained when they move to secondary.
This was revealed last month in an analysis of this summer's GCSE results, by education data company, SchoolDash.
This mapped the growing north-south divide at GCSE level, but also showed there was much less of a gap in primary school.
Head teachers' leader Brian Lightman linked the north-south gap to the "very serious difficulties" that schools faced in recruiting teachers.
Mr Lightman, head of the ASCL head teachers' union, said schools in challenging areas were finding it "incredibly hard" to find teachers in some shortage subjects, particularly affecting schools in some parts of the North.
Russell Hobby, leader of the National Association of Head Teachers, said the gap between primary and secondary performance had been "driven by the turmoil at secondary compared to primary", such as the upheavals in exams and curriculum.
Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said: "More needs to be done to deliver educational excellence everywhere."
"That's why we are introducing new measures to transform failing and coasting schools, funding the best academy chains to share excellence in struggling regions in the North and creating a National Teaching Service - sending some of our best teachers to the areas that need them most."


Detectives have appealed for information after a man robbed a bookmakers in Lanark.

The thief threatened staff at the Ladbrokes betting shop on the town's High Street before making off with an unspecified amount of money.
Police say he headed in the direction of the Delves Park area.
The man was wearing a red, white and blue scarf across his face during the robbery, which happened at about 16:30 on Friday.
He is described as being about 6ft tall, with a slim build. He was wearing an Adidas hooded top at the time.
Det Sgt Scott Wilson, from Wishaw CID, said: "I'm appealing for anyone with any information to contact us regarding this robbery.
"Perhaps you saw the man acting suspiciously prior to the crime taking place or you noticed him running off toward Delves Park.
"We are conducting door to door inquiries and analysing available CCTV. Any information you have, no matter how small, could make a real difference as part of our broader investigation."


An NHS mental health service, which was the first in England to be placed in special measures, has recorded its highest number of unexpected deaths.

Norfolk & Suffolk Foundation Trust (NSFT) recorded 157 deaths in 2015-16, compared to 88 deaths in 2012-13.
Verita, which the trust instructed to carry out the investigation, said NSFT was not doing enough to establish why the deaths were happening.
NSFT said any recommendations were "already, or will be, acted upon".
The trust commissioned the report after existing statistics showed it had a higher number of deaths than other mental health trusts in the UK.
Figures for previous years included 105 deaths in 2013-14, but Verita said data collection was not standardised across the UK, which meant there was "limited means for making meaningful comparisons" about death rates.
It concluded: "Overall the trust's investigation process meets national requirements, but analysis or wider exploration of service and care management problems could be improved."
It also recommended improvements were made to the consistency of internal reports into each death, support and engagement with bereaved families should be improved and there needed to be better evidence that the trust's board had discussed each unexpected death.
Michael Scott, NSFT chief executive, said: "The safety of our service users is paramount and one avoidable death is one too many - that is why we commissioned this investigation."
A parallel report carried out by NHS England's Nursing and Quality Directorate concluded that since April 2015 NSFT had reported deaths in line with the new NHS Serious Incident framework and "investigated in a timely and appropriate manner".
The trust was placed in special measures by the Care Quality Commission in February 2015.


Warwickshire and former England one-day batsman Ian Bell has signed for the Perth Scorchers in the Australian Big Bash Twenty20 league.

Bell, 34, led Warwickshire to the One-Day Cup final on Monday with an unbeaten 94 as Warks won by eight runs.
He has not played international T20 cricket since 2014 but captained Birmingham Bears in the T20 Blast.
The Scorchers are the most successful Big Bash team, winning in 2014 and 2015 and twice finishing as runners-up.
Bell was recently tipped for a recall to England's Test side before their winter tours to Bangladesh and India.
He retired from international one-day cricket in August 2015 as England's record run scorer in the format with 5,416 runs in 161 matches.
"He's played at the international level for more than decade so brings experience and leadership, and we're delighted to have him on board," Scorchers head coach Justin Langer said.
England bowler Stuart Broad will also appear in the 2016-17 Big Bash League after joining the Hobart Hurricanes.


Brazil legend Pele has had treatment in hospital two months after having prostate surgery.

Local media reports say the 74-year-old was suffering from a trapped nerve and has had back surgery at the Albert Einstein hospital in Sao Paulo.
Pele, a three-time World Cup winner, was treated for a urinary infection eight months ago after having kidney stones removed.
He should be released in the coming days, according to reports.
Mirtes Bogea, a press officer for the Albert Einstein hospital, said she was not allowed to say when Pele was re-admitted or why.
Pele, who was named Fifa's Player of the Century, scored a world record total of 1,281 goals in 1,363 games during his 21-year career, including 77 in 91 appearances for Brazil.
He has only one kidney, having had one removed towards the end of his playing career.
Pele played in 14 games at World Cup finals, scoring 12 goals, and was awarded the Fifa Golden Ball as the best player at the 1970 tournament.


Opting for a transition deal with the European Union after Brexit would be "the worst possible scenario for the EU and the UK", a prominent Leave MP says.

Malta's prime minister Joseph Muscat suggested that a transitional trade pact to allow sectors to adapt would mean Britain continuing to be bound by judgements from EU courts.
But Conservative Bernard Jenkin said such a deal would be "unacceptable".
Mr Muscat's government currently holds the rotating presidency of the EU.
His comments come after British Prime Minister Theresa May pledged to take the UK out of the jurisdiction of the European Court.
Mrs May, who will deliver a keynote Brexit address next Tuesday, told last autumn's Conservative Party conference: "We are not leaving only to return to the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice."
But the Maltese premier made clear that any transition trade arrangements, which could last well into the 2020s, would see European institutions retain the upper hand.
"An essential part of those transitional arrangements will be the governing institutions of that period," he said, according to The Times.
"It is pretty clear to me that the institutions should be the European institutions.
"So it is not a transition period where British institutions take over, but it is a transition period where the European Court of Justice is still in charge of dishing out judgements."
But Mr Jenkin, a director of the Vote Leave campaign and chairman of the influential Commons Public Administration Committee, dismissed the Maltese prime minister's claims.
"An extended period of transition really is the worst possible scenario for the EU and the UK," he told BBC Radio 4's Today programme.
"Most people want to end the uncertainty and this would be a way of prolonging the uncertainty, which we don't want.
"The choices we're faced with, even if we leave without a deal, substantially, apart from the sort of divorce proceedings, we still get most favoured nation status under WTO [World Trade Organization] rules, which is how we trade with the rest of the world. That's a much better position for us to be in than present membership of the EU, which costs so much and loses so much control."
He also poured scorn on Malta's intervention in the Brexit debate. "What you've got is a Maltese prime minister who's anxious to scoop for his tiny little island some of the spoils that he believes will fall out of Brexit," he said.
"Most countries aren't in the EU - they are absolutely fine. The biggest transition the EU wants is for us to continue paying into the EU budget for as long as possible.
"They are absolutely paranoid about us leaving because we take away our net contribution, which is a very substantial contribution to the EU budget.
"Of course there will be lots of things we'll continue to co-operate with the European Union, on defence and security, and foreign policy, which are unconditional - they are not part of the negotiations.
"When you talk to business they want us to get on with this. Even most people who were in favour of remaining in the EU have accepted the decision - and they want certainty as quickly as possible."
Mr Jenkin said it was "far easier to leave the EU because you don't have to change anything to leave the EU - you just carry all the EU law into our own law and carry on as before".
Mrs May, who has said she will trigger Article 50 - the formal process for leaving the European Union - by April, is under pressure to spell out the government's negotiating stance.
But Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn says Mrs May is overseeing a "shambolic Tory Brexit".


A charity in Bristol is hoping to inspire people to help make the city more wildlife-friendly.

Avon Wildlife Trust has published a series of maps which show the best places to create habitat-linking routes between gardens and other green spaces.
The map has been produced using aerial photography and more than 200 other sources of data including soil quality.
Bevis Watts, from the charity, hopes it will create a "nature-rich city" that attracts wildlife "to our doorsteps".
"By transforming Bristol into a nature reserve, we can give everyone the opportunity to experience wildlife every day, for their own health and wellbeing," he added.
The maps, which can be downloaded from the charity's website, can be zoomed into street level and a colour key identifies areas which can be adopted to help wildlife.
It also suggests ideas for gardens with little or no green space.
Broadcaster Simon King, who is also the trust's president, said the project would help Bristol's green credentials.
"By restoring nature to the city's gardens and green spaces, Bristol could lead the way in a groundswell of positive action that could be echoed in other towns and cities across the UK and the rest of the world," Mr King added.


The organisers of the Brighton half marathon race have admitted they got the distance of the course wrong.

Competitors were expecting to run 13.1 miles on 19 February, but the route was nearly a third of a mile longer.
The organisers of the race said "human error" in laying the route between mile four and mile five made it 13.42 miles.
The organisers have issued an apology to the 7,427 runners who took part in the half marathon.
Becky Stevens, the director of the Brighton half marathon, said: "The barriers that were put out for the turn at the end at Roedean, between miles four and five, were unfortunately put slightly in the wrong place."
Ms Stevens said the roads were closed 10 minutes before the race starts.
She explained: "We don't really have the luxury of going round and checking everything.
"We will be implementing some new additional measures ready for the 2013 race to prevent this from happening again."
Ms Stevens added the runners' times on the half marathon's website were being amended, taking the extra distance into account.


Six separate sea deaths have prompted a plea from the RNLI to the public to have respect for the power of nature.

The deaths, in Cornwall, Essex, Dorset, Jersey and Aberdeenshire were directly linked to stormy conditions around coastal areas.
The RNLI described the sea as "dangerously unpredictable".
A two-year-old girl who was swept into the sea off Newquay remains in a critical condition in Bristol Children's Hospital.
Mckayla Bruynius was with her parents and brothers when they were knocked off rocks at South Fistral beach on Friday evening.
Her brothers managed to get back on to the rocks. while her mother, Lisinda was rescued by an RNLI sea scooter. They were all treated in hospital for minor injuries.
After being rescued by the Newquay lifeboat, the toddler and her father were airlifted to the Royal Cornwall Hospital in Truro, where Rudy Bruynius, who was in his 30s and originally from South Africa, was pronounced dead.
The family, who come from Morden in the south London borough of Merton, were on holiday in Newquay when the accident happened.
An appeal to help the Bruynius family has raised more than Â£25,000 in two days.
In other incidents:
"The sea may look appealing and the RNLI would encourage people to use it, but do so safely - it can be dangerously unpredictable," an RNLI spokesperson said.
The charity has urged people to use beaches protected by lifeguards and to swim between the "safe zone" red and yellow flags.
It added that lifeguards were always happy to advise of any risks, including rip currents, which could catch out "even the most experienced swimmers".


What the Royal Navy has described as its first "robot wars" are fully under way off the coasts of Scotland and west Wales.

Unmanned Warrior features more than 50 vehicles, sensors and systems on the surface of the sea, underwater and in the air.
The exercise is being held at the same time as Joint Warrior, a UK-led Nato exercise held twice a year.
Joint Warrior involves thousands of armed forces personnel.
Military ranges and sites in Benbecula, Kyle of Lochalsh and off Applecross are being used for Unmanned Warrior.
Various manufacturers of military technology, including BAE Systems, are taking part in the exercise which runs until 20 October.
BAE Systems has described Unmanned Warrior as the world's first large-scale demonstration of "innovative maritime robotic systems".
The Royal Navy has reported that earlier this week nine autonomous systems were operated at the same time, "responding to each other, flying, swimming and diving together, but at different tasks, looking for different things".
The vehicles being used in Unmanned Warrior include BAE Systems' Pacific Class 950 Unmanned Rigid Inflatable Boat.
A craft called Maritime Autonomy Surface Testbed (Mast) is also being trialled.
Joint Warrior, meanwhile, involves about 5,700 military personnel from armed forces from countries including Norway, Sweden, Germany and the US.
Thirty-one warships and submarines as well almost 70 aircraft, many of them being flown out of RAF Lossiemouth in Moray and Prestwick in Ayrshire, are being used in the training off the Scottish coast.
Joint Warrior also runs until 20 October.


The escape of two murderers from a maximum security jail in New York has been described as a "crisis situation" by the state's governor.

Richard Matt, 48, and David Sweat, 34, used power tools to break out of Clinton Correctional Facility in Dannemora.
"These are dangerous men capable of committing grave crimes again," said Governor Andrew Cuomo.
New York state is offering a $100,000 (Â£65,000) reward for information.
Mr Cuomo said the prison breakout was the first escape from the facility in 150 years.
The New York Post reported that the two men cut through the steel back walls of their cell before clambering along a catwalk to reach a series of pipes and tunnels, which they again cut their way through.
The pair then climbed up through a manhole into a nearby street, "disappearing into the darkness some 20 miles (30km) south of Canada".
They placed bundles of clothing in their beds to fool guards into believing they were asleep, before making their escape during Friday night. Their absence from adjoining cells was not discovered until the following morning.
Mr Cuomo said someone must have heard at least some of the noise.
After the prisoners were apprehended, the authorities would conduct a full review of the escape, he added.
"We'll go through the exact details of what they did and how they did it to ensure this never happens again."
Matt was given a jail term of 25 years to life for the kidnapping and beating a man to death in 1997.
Sweat was serving a life sentence without parole for the murder of Broome County Sheriff's Deputy, Kevin Tarsia.
Mr Tarsia's brother Steven, said finding out that his killer had escaped "turns your world upside-down all over again".
Police are trying to determine how the men acquired the tools needed to carry out the escape.
Mr Cuomo posted pictures of pipes and walls with chunks cut out after he was shown the inmates' escape route.
More than 200 officers are searching for the prisoners, using sniffer dogs and aerial surveillance.
They may have crossed the border into Canada or headed to another state, Mr Cuomo said. There is also concern they may have had assistance from someone outside the prison.
Roadblocks have been set up in the area to catch the pair, who both have distinctive tattoos, according to local media.


The UN secretary-general has condemned "inflammatory rhetoric" amid growing concern at the escalating violence in Burundi.

The Brussels-based International Crisis Group says the language is "chillingly similar" to that used in Rwanda before the genocide of 1994.
President Pierre Nkurunziza has issued an ultimatum for gunmen to lay down their weapons this weekend.
The violence began in April when the president said he would stand again.
He argued that his first term as president did not count towards the constitutional two-term limit as he was chosen by MPs.
Mr Nkurunziza was duly re-elected to a third term with 70% of the vote in July.
This weekend's weapons ultimatum has led to a spike in killings.
In a statement, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said the discovery of bodies in the Burundian capital, Bujumbura, was now a regular occurrence - and many victims showed evidence of summary execution.
Mr Ban said Burundian authorities had a responsibility to protect civilians.
France has called for an urgent UN Security Council meeting to discuss the crisis.
The International Crisis Group and others were commenting on remarks by Burundi's Senate President Reverien Ndikuriyo - who threatened to "pulverise" opponents who did not lay down arms.
Thomas Perriello, the US special envoy for the Great Lakes region, told the BBC it was not too late for Burundi to seek a peaceful resolution to the conflict:
"There is still time for [peace talks], though obviously the language of ultimatums, the language of 'last calls', senior government officials talking about 'exterminating and pulverising' enemies - this is the worst kind of rhetoric to try to de-escalate the situation."
Uganda is leading regional efforts to broker peace talks.


Nigerians are facing at least three months of battling against heavy rains that could lead to deadly, destructive flooding.

At the beginning of July, the government warned that 30 of the country's 36 states could be at risk.
Already, 16 states, including the commercial hub Lagos, have been badly affected.
Five years ago, the worst flooding in more than 40 years in Nigeria claimed 431 lives and displaced nearly two million people, according to the country's National Emergency Management Agency (Nema).
BBC Africa's Ishaq Khalid explores the causes and what needs to be done to protect Nigerians from the scourge of floods every year.
The rainy season usually runs from July to September in Nigeria and every year it poses the threat of devastation and destruction across the country, claiming lives and destroying property.
So far this year, several people have been killed across the country and hundreds of residential buildings, cars and other vehicles have been destroyed or submerged under water.
Thirty-seven-year-old tea seller Sa'adu Abubakar, lost his six children and two wives when water poured into their apartment in the city of Suleja, just north of the capital, Abuja.
"I held two of the children but I could not withstand the force of the water. The children slipped out of my hands," he told the BBC's Hausa Service.
"I was just desperately praying to Allah at that moment. When the day broke, we found my family's dead bodies a short distance from our home."
Another resident of Suleja told the BBC: "The rain started at 23:30 at night, we heard a loud 'boom'. Before I knew it, I was up to my neck in water.
"We couldn't salvage anything... we have to save our lives. My house was well built but the water brought it down.
"We need help. I haven't been able to cook food since yesterday and I'm living on the goodwill of other people."
The tragedy in Suleja has once again highlighted the magnitude of the devastation caused by floods in Nigeria. Yet despite the yearly loss of lives and property, it seems that so far the country has not taken many concrete measures to tackle the disasters.
Niger state in the north of the country has the highest number of casualties so far. Officials have confirmed that 15 people have died and many more injured. Other badly affected states are mostly in the south, near to the River Niger.  Lagos has also been badly hit.
The frequency of the flooding differs across the regions, but the height of the rainy season tends to be from July to September, and it is often a time of anxiety for many communities living in flood-prone areas.
Heavy rains, combined with poor drainage systems and blocked waterways cause rainwater to flow through commercial and residential dwellings.
Town planning expert Aliyu Salisu Barau told the BBC that Nigerian authorities and ordinary citizens are ill-prepared for such disasters.
"Tackling persistent flooding requires long-term planning," he said.
"In most cases the authorities do not make provision to clear drainage systems until it is already rainy season," Mr Barau added.
Nigeria's swelling population could make matters worse.
Its currently home to 180 million people, and a recent UN report estimates that Nigeria will become the third most populous nation in the world by 2050, overtaking the United States.
This could put pressure on land as the need for more housing rises. But it is the lack of proper town planning and the authorities' inability to accommodate these changes which causes most alarm.
Some residents dump rubbish and waste in the streets, putting extra strain on the few existing urban drainage systems and preventing the steady flow of rainwater.
Nigeria's many dams are also seen to be part of the problem.
Used for irrigation and fish-farming activities, some are located close to towns and villages.  But observers say these useful water reservoirs are poorly maintained and during the rainy season they can sometimes burst, releasing torrents of water into nearby communities.
The Lagdo dam in neighbouring Cameroon, which is on the Benue river that runs through Nigeria, also poses a danger of heavy flooding in Nigeria when the Cameroonian authorities decide to release the dam's excess water.
To add to the problem, the Nigerian authorities have very few arrangements for evacuating endangered communities - even in the face of imminent flood risks. And when warnings are issued they are rarely heeded by the least well off locals.
Analysts say something concrete must be done to prevent the high death tolls seen in recent years.
Destruction to property can be reduced by introducing effective town planning, respecting construction rules and regulations, and rooting out corruption in the building certification process.
The number of fatalities and the impact on communities could be reduced if the authorities prepared themselves to forcibly evacuate those who are at imminent risk.
Raising public awareness and encouraging people to become more aware of their urban environment are also key.
Unless these practical measures are taken, experts say, floods will continue to destroy lives and property.


Radamel Falcao continued his recent revival with his first hat-trick in four years as Monaco thumped Bordeaux to move top of Ligue 1.

Monaco, who go above Nice on goal difference, led through Djibril Sidibe's second-minute opener.
Former Manchester United and Chelsea striker Falcao doubled the lead seconds later, and added another five minutes after the break.
The Monaco captain sealed a comfortable win by drilling in a penalty to take his tally to nine goals in seven league games.
Falcao, 30, is beginning to replicate the form which made him one of the most feared strikers in Europe before he sustained a serious knee injury before the 2014 World Cup.
After recovering from tearing his anterior cruciate ligament, he left Monaco to spend the 2014-15 season on loan at Manchester United, and then joined Chelsea last term.
Neither spell was a success though, Falcao scoring four goals in 29 appearances for United and just one in 12 games for the Blues.
But the Colombia international is spearheading a free-scoring Monaco attack that has scored 53 times in 17 matches, giving the team a goal difference of +37.
Nice can regain top spot when they go to defending champions Paris St-Germain on Sunday (19:45 GMT).
Match ends, Bordeaux 0, Monaco 4.
Second Half ends, Bordeaux 0, Monaco 4.
Attempt missed. João Moutinho (Monaco) right footed shot from the right side of the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Thomas Lemar.
Attempt missed. Kamil Glik (Monaco) header from very close range misses to the right. Assisted by Thomas Lemar with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Monaco. Conceded by Grégory Sertic.
Attempt missed. Kylian Mbappe-Lottin (Monaco) header from the right side of the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by João Moutinho with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Monaco. Conceded by Youssouf Sabaly.
Attempt missed. Gaetan Laborde (Bordeaux) right footed shot from the left side of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Jerome Prior.
Substitution, Monaco. João Moutinho replaces Valère Germain.
Benjamin Mendy (Monaco) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Benjamin Mendy (Monaco).
Francois Kamano (Bordeaux) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Attempt missed. Guido Carrillo (Monaco) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Thomas Lemar.
Substitution, Monaco. Kylian Mbappe-Lottin replaces Bernardo Silva.
Corner,  Bordeaux. Conceded by Jemerson.
Valentin Vada (Bordeaux) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Tiemoué Bakayoko (Monaco).
Foul by Benjamin Mendy (Monaco).
Milan Gajic (Bordeaux) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Substitution, Bordeaux. Valentin Vada replaces Jaroslav Plasil.
Substitution, Monaco. Guido Carrillo replaces Falcao.
Corner,  Monaco. Conceded by Jérémy Toulalan.
Attempt blocked. Valère Germain (Monaco) header from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Thomas Lemar with a cross.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Djibril Sidibe (Monaco) because of an injury.
Adam Ounas (Bordeaux) is shown the red card for violent conduct.
Foul by Adam Ounas (Bordeaux).
Djibril Sidibe (Monaco) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Jaroslav Plasil (Bordeaux) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Fabinho (Monaco).
Goal!  Bordeaux 0, Monaco 4. Falcao (Monaco) converts the penalty with a right footed shot to the bottom left corner.
Jaroslav Plasil (Bordeaux) is shown the yellow card.
Nicolas Pallois (Bordeaux) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Penalty conceded by Nicolas Pallois (Bordeaux) after a foul in the penalty area.
Penalty Monaco. Bernardo Silva draws a foul in the penalty area.
Foul by Jérémy Toulalan (Bordeaux).
Tiemoué Bakayoko (Monaco) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt blocked. Youssouf Sabaly (Bordeaux) left footed shot from the left side of the box is blocked. Assisted by Jérémy Menez.
Foul by Jérémy Menez (Bordeaux).
Kamil Glik (Monaco) wins a free kick in the defensive half.


A lifetime of diaries, letters and photographs of a man described as a cross between Indiana Jones, James Bond and Graham Greene has opened to the public.

The archive of travel writer, war hero and adventurer Sir Patrick Leigh Fermor has been catalogued by the National Library of Scotland.
The collection includes letters from Prince Charles and Truman Capote.
Sir Patrick, who was known as Paddy, died in 2011 at the age of 96.
He published several books on his travels around the world and one of the most prized items in the archive is the only surviving notebook from his 1933 trek across Europe.
The trek provided the material for his most famous books, 'A Time of Gifts', 'Between the Woods and the Water' and 'The Broken Road'.
Thousands of items which occupy 16 metres of shelving took a year to be catalogued by library staff.
Along with letters from notable 20th century figures they also uncovered literary manuscripts, sketches and what appears to be an unpublished John Betjeman poem on the back of an envelope.
Sir Patrick spent much of World War Two on Nazi-occupied Crete. During his time there he disguised himself as a shepherd to organise guerrilla operations against the Nazis. He led one of the most daring feats of the war in 1944, capturing the commander of the German garrison on Crete.
The 1957 film starring Dirk Bogarde 'Ill Met by Moonlight' was based on the operation.
Graham Stewart, the library curator who worked on the archive project, said: "It is a history of the colourful life of a celebrated writer. He was undoubtedly a superstar of his day and his books have, if anything, grown in popularity over the years.
"There has already been a lot of interest in the archive and we expect this to increase now among Leigh Fermor fans and people interested in the 20th century more generally."
The library is working on digitising some of the archive so it can be viewed on its website. They are also considering holding exhibitions and displays of the collection so more people will be able to see it.
The archive was given to the library by the John R Murray Charitable Trust. John Murray was Sir Patrick's publisher and the trust also supported the cataloguing of the collection.


Four men have admitted a burglary during which a university lecturer was savagely beaten at his London home.

Paul Kohler, 55, needed facial reconstruction surgery after the attack in Kings Road, Wimbledon on 11 August.
At Kingston Crown Court Pawel Honc, 23, and Mariusz Tomaszewski, 32, pleaded guilty to causing grievous bodily harm with intent and aggravated burglary.
Oskar Pawlowicz and Dawid Tychon, both 29, admitted aggravated burglary but denied causing GBH with intent.
The four men, who are all Polish nationals. will be sentenced in January.
Mr Kohler opened the door to the home he shares with his wife and four daughters at about 22:00 BST to someone he believed was one of his daughter's friends.
The four men then burst in shouting "Where's the money?"
The lecturer's wife Samantha MacArthur was threatened by two of the intruders who tried to tie her to a chair with duct tape.
Mr Kohler was knocked to the floor and one of the gang knelt above him holding a heavy wooden cabinet door, demanding to know where his money was.
He was only saved when police intervened after his daughter, Eloise, who had locked herself in an upstairs bedroom with her boyfriend, called 999.
Barristers for the four defendants told Judge Susan Tapping that each wanted to express his "sincere regret and apologies" for what happened.
Mr Kohler said he was "ecstatic and very pleased" at the men's admissions during the court hearing, during which they were hidden from his view by the dock's frosted glass.
"I would like to meet them face to face, I would like to know why they did it, it is still a big mystery as to why they did it," he said.
Mr Kohler said he had been "great, fine and wonderful" since the attack but was still suffering physically.
"I have continuing trouble with my vision on the left and my wife and children are still quite traumatised by this," he said.
Judge Tapping told the four defendants that "only very substantial custodial sentences will be appropriate".
Honc, of no fixed abode, Tomaszewski, of Crusoe Road, Mitcham, Pawlowicz, of Pitcairn Road, also in Mitcham, and Tychon, of no fixed abode, were remanded in custody until sentencing on 29 January.


The Champions Cup is such unforgiving terrain that already Glasgow Warriors are looking ahead and trying to figure out what they might have to do to make amends for their wounding defeat to Northampton Saints at Scotstoun on Saturday.

It was only the Scots' first match, but the history of this competition is not littered with teams who got off to losing starts and then recovered to qualify for the knockouts.
Some have done it, of course. Bath and Wasps didn't just lose their opening match in this competition last season - they lost their opening two. And yet they both made the quarter-finals.
In the story of how they did it, we see a glimpse of what Glasgow must do now in order to give themselves a chance of qualifying for that final eight.
Wasps beat Castres and Harlequins away from home to qualify as one of the best runners-up. Bath beat Montpellier and Toulouse away - with a four-try bonus point - to make it as group winners.
Those were major victories on the road and that is now the world that Glasgow have been plunged into in the wake of Saturday's loss to the Saints.
The reality of European rugby hit them right between the eyes.
The tea-leaves told us that Glasgow would win this. They had a stellar cast of international players. They had home advantage in the fortress of Scotstoun. And they had some form.
Northampton had few of those things. They had lost three of their four games in the Aviva Premiership, albeit by narrow margins. From last season's quarter-final team, they were missing the front-row of Alex Corbisiero, Dylan Hartley and Salesi Ma'afu, who is now on Toulon's books.
One of their go-to second-rows from last season, Samu Manoa, has also gone to Toulon and the other, Courtney Lawes, is injured.
This was a new Saints pack at Scotstoun and yet they were convincing winners in every department.
Glasgow had a beaten scrum and had a ropey line-out, they were second best in the collisions and error-prone at critical times.
Warriors can get away with some of these things - and occasionally many of these things - in the more merciful environment of the Pro12. Not so in Europe.
Certainly not against a team as rugged as Northampton, a side who spend their weekly lives engaged in dogfights in the Premiership. They were battle-hardened and clinical on Saturday in a way that Glasgow were not.
The scrum wasn't even a contest. Northampton won six penalties in that area.
They garnered six points and a sin-binning, which brought a converted try, from their overwhelming dominance in the scrum. Kieran Brookes, at tight-head, had a field day.
They looked like men with twin targets - not just Champions Cup but, for some, the Six Nations.
When Eddie Jones, the new England coach, gets a look at Brookes' performance, he's going to like what he sees. When he watches Luther Burrell, jettisoned by Stuart Lancaster, he's going to like it all the more. Burrell was top class.
Northampton drive on. They were tougher, physically and mentally, than Glasgow.
The group now looks like a scrap between them and Racing 92, who took five points from the Scarlets in Wales, unless Glasgow can find the kind of venom that typified the Saints.
It was sobering stuff for coach Gregor Townsend. It's been an age since a team came to his own backyard and beat them up like Northampton did.
In truth, there was a large element of self-harm about it as well.
The game was in its relative infancy when Glasgow's composure went out the window. In failing to get close to a garryowen, Stuart Hogg set a hare running, the hare going by the name of George Pisi, who ploughed over under the posts.
Then Glasgow's scrum came under fire. It went down, it went down, it went down.
Three scrum penalties inside 19 minutes and Ryan Grant in the bin for the third. This was a new kind of examination for Townsend's Pro12 champions.
The vulnerabilities carried on. Hogg missed a routine tackle on Ahsee Tuala and Saints were in again.
Peter Horne, that stand-up guy in the Glasgow midfield, scored a try of his own to cut the deficit to eight points, but Stephen Myler stretched it to 11 before the break.
Glasgow had enough ball to make a game of it. Even after Tuala scored his second try, the home team had a mountain of possession and any number of promising field positions.
Eventually they scored, through Josh Strauss, but there were so many butchered moments in there too. A maul shunted backwards out of the Northampton 22, a knock-on when momentum was building, a dreadful under-throw from their new Georgian hooker, Shalva Mamukashvili, at a line-out five metres from the Northampton line.
It was a recurring theme. Glasgow would inch forward, Scotstoun would rise to its feet and then Northampton would turn on the turbo defence and Glasgow would buckle.
The thunderous defence of the visitors didn't just repel Glasgow physically, it damaged them mentally. Their intensity got into the Glasgow psyche. Saints messed with their heads all day.
It was a deeply uncomfortable experience for the Pro12, in general, and, particularly, for those who believed in Glasgow's capacity to make the step up in Europe at last.
They have a mountain of work ahead of them if they are to be relevant in this tournament this season. The hope has not been extinguished, but it's flickering.


The Isle of Man government hopes to begin talks with Ireland about the possibility of Irish Sea wind farm links between the two nations.

The initial negotiations are due to take place at a meeting of the British Irish Council on 20 June.
Plans to extend the UK electricity grid out as far as Ireland are on the agenda at the diplomatic meeting in London.
Chief Minister Tony Brown said if this happens the Isle of Man could be well placed to benefit.
He said: "We are mid way between England and Ireland and therefore there is a potential renewable energy opportunity.
"I think it is very early days yet but it will be interesting to hear what is being proposed and how we can be an active party in that."
Tynwald has committed to having 15% of the island's electricity generated from renewable sources by 2015.
But a plan for wind farms in the west of the island faced stiff opposition from residents.
Mr Brown said if energy could be brought in from an Irish wind farm the island could avoid building turbines close to the Manx coast.
"We are of course conscious that a wind farm could create renewable energy for the island but we are also aware of the impact that may have visually."
The Isle of Man government is also hoping a planned wind farm development by Centrica will lead to further expansion of wind power.
Energy minister John Shimmin has said the company's plans site turbines about 12 miles off the island in 2015 could facilitate a further Manx development in about 2018.


Hampshire director of cricket Giles White hopes fitness concerns will not hamper the county's white-ball prospects this season.

They start their One-Day Cup campaign with away matches against Kent and Essex in the south group.
Bowlers Fidel Edwards and Brad Wheal, as well as batsman Rilee Rossouw, are all nursing injuries for Hampshire.
"We're excited about the competition starting and we feel we've got a good side," White told BBC Radio Solent.
"It's about getting off to a good start and every side will feel the same," White added. "If you get a couple of wins early on, it sets you up for the competition and to qualify for the latter stages."
A second draw in their opening three County Championship games for Hampshire came on Monday when a double century from Yorkshire captain Gary Ballance denied them victory.
Seam bowler Wheal was off the field for the final day nursing a side strain while the Ageas Bowl pitch flattened out to allow the White Rose to steer themselves to safety.
Hampshire's unbeaten start to the season in four-day cricket has encouraged White.
"It would've been nice if we'd got over the line in one or two of those draws," he said. "If we hadn't lost bowlers in both of those games, maybe we'd have pushed for the wins.
"But, overall we have to be happy with where we are."
Hampshire begin their 50-over season at Canterbury on Thursday, 27 April before facing Essex at Chelmsford three days later.


Telecoms provider Vodafone is facing the prospect of a large fine, after the regulator found that it failed to deal with customer complaints properly.

Ofcom said it believed that Vodafone had broken the rules on handling complaints over a two-year period up to November 2015.
It accused Vodafone of failing to have the proper procedures in place.
Vodafone - which can be fined up to 10% of its turnover - said it would study the report in detail before responding.
Ofcom also accused the company of failing to send out written notifications to customers where a complaint was not resolved after eight weeks - a requirement under the industry code of practice.
Figures from the regulator show that Vodafone is the most complained-about network in the UK.
In March this year, the number of customers complaining about Vodafone rose from 20 to 32 per 100,000.
In a statement, a Vodafone spokesperson said, "We note Ofcom's statement on this investigation, with which we have been cooperating fully.  We will be reviewing the Ofcom report in detail before deciding what representations to make."
Ofcom launched its inquiry into Vodafone last summer.
The company now has a chance to respond before Ofcom announces its final decision.


Former BP chief executive Lord Browne has warned North Sea oil operators' costs must fall in order for them to compete globally.

"Costs have got out of control, we need costs to come right down," he told BBC 5 live's Wake Up to Money programme.
Lord Browne said companies would have to "slim down", warning "there will be some companies that go to the wall".
The warning from Lord Browne, who led BP for 12 years, comes amid fears the industry is in crisis.
A barrel of Brent crude has more than halved in price since its peak of $115 last summer. On Tuesday, the price stood at $57 a barrel.
Last month, the chairman of the independent explorers' association Brindex told the BBC the industry was "close to collapse".
Robin Allan claimed almost no new projects in the North Sea were profitable with oil below $60 a barrel.
In recent weeks hundreds of North Sea jobs have been cut by oil firms, including BP and Talisman Sinopec.
The chancellor has said he will look at new measures to support the industry in his next Budget in March.
Both industry leaders and the Scottish government are calling for taxes to be cut further as a matter of urgency to help the sector deal with falling oil prices and higher costs.
Unions have also raised safety concerns over the number of job cuts being made in the industry.