German banking giant Deutsche Bank cut its bonuses by more than three-quarters last year, its annual report and accounts show.

Bonuses were cut to 0.5bn euros (Â£433m) from 2.4bn euros a year earlier.
Total pay at the bank, which employs about 100,000 people worldwide, was 8.9bn euros in 2016, down from 10.5bn the year before.
Deutsche has been cutting costs - it shed more than a thousand jobs last year - and raising money.
It is in the process of raising 8bn euros through selling new shares.
On Monday, Deutsche's shares opened down 1% at 17.67 euros.
Deutsche Bank reported an annual loss of 1.4bn euros (Â£1.2bn) for 2016 after being hit by legal costs, although that was down from a loss of 6.4bn euros the previous year.
In the final three months of 2016 alone the bank lost 1.9bn euros, mainly thanks to a record penalty in the US.
In January, it was fined Â£500m by US and UK regulators in connection with a Russian money laundering plan.
Major banks have paid heavy fines and other penalties in recent years for a range of misdemeanours, including interest rate and currency rigging, and mis-selling of products.
They are also finding conditions tough as regulations tighten.
Persistent low interest rates are another element of the tougher climate for banks, as it is far more difficult to make a profit when the difference between borrowing and deposit rates is so small.
Deutsche Bank, which last year was deemed the riskiest bank in the world by the International Monetary Fund for its global interconnectedness and weakness, has been slower than rivals to take action to recover from the financial crisis of 2008, giving it less strength to ride the weak business banking climate.
Deutsche Bank is currently in the process of closing 200 branches in Germany and laying off about 9,000 of its roughly 100,000 full-time staff.


Armagh have been relegated to Division Three of the Football League despite beating Derry at the Athletic Grounds.

Kieran McGeeney's men would have stayed up if Tyrone had beaten Fermanagh or Laois had defeated Meath.
But both games went against the Orchard County on an exciting final day of fixtures.
Fermanagh drew with Tyrone and Meath secured victory which meant a three-way tie on six points and Armagh ended up going down on points difference.
Laois were the other county making the drop to Division Three.
Cavan, who beat Galway at Breffni Park, go up to Division One along with the already-promoted and undefeated Tyrone.
It was a bitterly disappointing afternoon for Armagh. If Meath had fallen to Laois, McGeeney's men would have stayed up through their head-to-head with Fermanagh.
But the three-way tie sealed their fate and the six-point victory over Derry counted for nothing.
A Micael McKenna goal just before half-time gave Armagh a 1-12 to 0-7 interval advantage, but Derry fought back through James Kielt, Ryan Bell and three Mark Lynch frees.
However Armagh, boosted by a string of Ethan Rafferty frees, pulled away to wrap up the victory.
Fermanagh fans endured a tense final few minutes in Enniskillen as their match with Tyrone hung in the balance.
Pete McGrath's men had been a point down at the interval after Barry Tierney had netted the only goal for the Red Hands.
Tomas Corrigan's black card did not help matters, but soon after that a similar fate befell Tyrone lost skipper Sean Cavanagh.
Fermanagh sub Pat Cadden floated over a point to edge the hosts ahead and Ronan O'Neill levelled with a free.
There were still several minutes to play but there were no more scores and McGrath's men survived on points difference.
Allianz Football League results
Division One
Kerry 0-20 1-12 Cork
Monaghan 1-10 1-09 Donegal
Mayo 1-19 1-16 Down
Roscommon 1-12 1-13 Dublin
Division Two
Armagh 1-18 0-15 Derry
Cavan 1-16 1-12 Galway
Fermanagh 0-12 1-09 Tyrone
Laois 1-9 0-18 Meath
Division Three
Kildare 0-22 1-14 Clare
Limerick 0-13 1-16 Offaly
Longford 0-13 0-11 Westmeath
Sligo 0-18 3-09 Tipperary
Division Four
Antrim 0-12 1-09 Louth
London 1-10 2-10 Wicklow
Waterford 0-10 1-06 Leitrim
Wexford 2-17 2-06 Carlow


An ambulance technician has told the trial of a couple accused of causing the death of a five-month-old boy how he was met with "complete panic".

Mother-of-nine Katherine Cox, 33, and boyfriend Danny Shepherd, 25, deny causing or allowing Eli Cox's death.
Sam Holmes told Maidstone Crown Court that when he arrived at their Minster home "lots of adults were running around not knowing what to do".
The jury also heard how the couple had delayed the departure of the ambulance.
Mr Holmes said he had to repeatedly ask them to get into the ambulance with the baby.
"It took a while. They were running around asking for keys. I had to repeat it three times," he added.
More on this story and other news from Kent
Paramedic David Goodale told the jury that he also had to "ask several times for the family to get into the ambulance".
When asked by prosecutor Jennifer Knight what else he remembered of that day, he said that Ms Cox was on her phone "throughout the journey" to the hospital.
"I feel when we were asking her questions about the background of Eli she wasn't quite giving them. Danny gave us his history."
Mr Goodale said he was told by Mr Shepherd that "Eli had been unwell, he had vomited, he vomited again and went blue".
"He said he tried to blow into his mouth," he told the jury.
When asked if he remembered "seeing or smelling vomit on Eli's clothes", Mr Goodale replied: "No. There were no signs of vomit."
The court heard that paramedics spotted small red marks on the baby's cheeks, which Mr Shepherd told them were caused by Eli scratching himself with his finger nails.
Ms Cox's son Eli died in hospital on 27 April 2016, two weeks after the incident in Kent.
A neighbour of the couple, Mary Anne Davies, who is also trained in first aid, told the court that she had to "chase" Ms Cox into the ambulance.
"Any mother would have gone, just gone," she recalled.
She added that she also remembered hearing Mr Shepherd say: "Watch me get the blame for this."
Post-mortem examinations showed Eli's death was caused by a head injury of a "shaking or shaking impact type".
He also had oxygen deprivation to his brain, a brain injury, bruises at the back of his head and fractures dating back weeks before his death.
The court heard a hair sample showed he had been "regularly exposed to amphetamine and occasionally exposed to cocaine".
The trial continues.


An efficiency drive across government to improve procurement and reduce property costs helped save £3.3bn last year, ministers have said.

The sale of surplus property and renegotiation of leases on government buildings helped generate £973m.
Better purchasing of goods saved £1.2bn while lower rates of fraud and error in welfare programmes saved £805m.
Ministers said they were on track to cut government costs by about £30bn over the five years to 2020.
The National Audit Office has said in the past that good progress is being made in saving money in individual areas.
But the public spending watchdog has said a far more "all-embracing" approach to efficiency is needed, rethinking the core functions of government.
The latest estimated savings figures, released on Friday, which relate to 2015-16, are not official but are based on departmental reports and other supporting evidence.
The savings drive has been underpinned by a shrinkage in the size of the government's property estate, with outdated buildings sold off and smaller departments sharing premises with larger ones.
The 2012 sale of the famous Admiralty Arch building in central London, which is being turned into a hotel, yielded capital receipts of £66m this year.
"We have made significant steps forward in tackling fraud, selling off redundant government property such as the former Civil Service College in Sunningdale and making better use of modern digital technology to drive savings," said Cabinet Office Minister Ben Gummer.
Mr Gummer acknowledged that meeting larger, long-term efficiency targets would depend on the "total transformation" of how government worked - requiring more public services to be delivered digitally.
Tackling waste and fraud in the payment of benefits, tax credits and government grants has been a priority, as has the quicker recovery of debts.
Figures released in December showed the amount of benefits not paid to those entitled to them owing to fraud and error rose had risen to a record £1.7bn.


British javelin record holder Goldie Sayers says she has considered not competing at August's Rio Olympics if Russia are allowed to take part.

Russian athletes are currently banned from international competition after allegations of state-organised doping.
Russian sports minister Vitaly Mutko says the ban should be lifted but Sayers thinks it should remain.
"I'd almost go as far as to say I wouldn't want to compete in Rio if Russia were competing," she added.
"But if they are reinstated and I didn't compete I'd be cheating myself out of another opportunity at the Olympics."
Media playback is not supported on this device
Sayers finished fourth at the 2008 Games in Beijing but could be upgraded to bronze after the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decided to re-test hundreds of samples.
Following those re-tests, Maria Abakumova, who won javelin silver eight years ago, was named as one of 14 Russian athletes to have tested positive.
Russian high jumper Anna Chicherova, who won bronze in Beijing, has also been named by Russian television but has vowed to clear her name.
Up to 31 athletes from six sports could be banned from competing at the Rio Games following the retesting of 454 selected doping samples from the 2008 Games.
The IOC said it would not be revealing the names of athletes who had returned positive results until B samples had been tested and individuals informed.
Sayers said she would be "happy" to received a retrospective bronze medal but also "immensely angry" at missing out on a place on the podium eight years ago.
"I think my career would have taken a totally different trajectory, no doubt," she told BBC Radio 5 live. "It's not the same if you receive a medal through the post."


David Cage began his career as a professional musician for film, television and games, before founding the French games studio Quantic Dream in 1997.

Over the past 15 years, he has written and directed a range of innovative and influential games, including the Bafta award-winning Heavy Rain, and the hugely successful Beyond: Two Souls.
He has collaborated with actors like Ellen Page and Willem Dafoe and the composer Hans Zimmer to create interactive and innovative games with a focus on storytelling.
He is currently working on a new project for Playstation 4 - about which he is clearly very excited, but nonetheless sworn to secrecy.
Here are his top 10 tips for becoming a game writer and designer.
I got started in the business 17 years ago. First of all, I was a gamer. I've been playing video games since I was 10 years old and I think it's important to play games if you want to design them yourself.
I was an avid gamer when I was a kid and a teenager, but I never thought it would become my job. I became a composer and then I started composing music for video games.
I started writing a game that I was dreaming of playing, hired a bunch of friends to make a prototype and that was how Quantic Dream was born 17 years ago.
We worked on that prototype (later released as Omikron: The Nomad Soul) for six months. The story took place in a city in real time 3D, which was really a premiere from the technical point of view.
I invested pretty much all of the money I had made as a musician into the project because I thought it could work. But there has never really been any business thinking behind any decision that I've made.
I think you have to just trust your instincts and follow what you want to do with your life, this is really what has led to all of my decisions up to today.
A game like Beyond: Two Souls is definitely a big game. It's about 200 people working for three years. It is hard work and you need to be patient.
It's a year in the writing, it's a year in the shooting and it's a year in post-production. We create games that would usually be qualified as indie games, because they are not in one of the classic genres.
We don't make shooting or sports games, our games are about allowing a player to play a story. If you want to do something like this you need a lot of luck and you need to find a publisher that will trust you.
If this is what you want to do, you need to go to school for as long as possible, that's the first rule. Sometimes kids come to us and say: "I want to work in games, I love games and I play so many."
That's great and you do need to be passionate, but if you don't have the right diplomas, it's a waste of your time, this is a competitive industry.
So go to school, be passionate, be creative, be crazy! You are the future, so don't try to recreate the past. You are supposed to have new ideas and lead this industry forward.
When you watch a film, you just want to watch something and be passive. When you play a game you want to be the actor, you want to be in the shoes of the guy making the decisions so it's a very different type of experience.
You always need to reassess what you know, or what you think you know, because the technology and the concepts are always changing.
You also need to imagine what is going to work tomorrow, not just what worked yesterday. You have to be enthusiastic and you have to have passion.
It was my idea to have Hollywood actors in Beyond: Two Souls, it was not a marketing decision.
So we met with Ellen Page and Willem Dafoe because we felt they were the best possible actors for the parts that I had written.
I'm so happy with the performance that they delivered. I really got what I was looking for, which was talent. It was important to me and I really think that the game is better with them.
The music is also very, very important for a game. It can be very challenging because we are not talking about 90 minutes of film, we are talking about ten or twelve hours of music. It's a lot of work.
When we met with the composer Hans Zimmer and his team, their first reaction was that they weren't very interested in video games because they're all pretty much the same.
We explained that this one would be different, we sent them the script and talked about the characters.
The music was incredibly important because of the emotional dimension of the game and the intentions that we had. They said "yes" and they really helped to make the game better.
You have to know the rules before you can break them. It's something that has a special meaning in games because we are a very young industry and I don't think the rules are clearly established yet.
I played games myself for years and my gut feeling was that we had reached the limit of what the rules allowed us to do. If you want to go further you have to do something different.
It is always challenging to invent new rules and new ways of doing things because you need to convince other people that it is time to leave the old paradigms and find new ones.
To me, story and emotion are very important. I always felt that when you watch a film, what you love isn't so much what you see, it's what you feel.
For me it's the same thing in a game. When you play a game it shouldn't matter so much which button you are supposed to press, it should be about what the game makes you feel.
I try to make the player feel things they don't normally associate with video games, like feeling sad or uncomfortable.
I try to explore these grey emotions, there is no black and white, it's not about laughing or crying, it's about all the different shades of grey in between.
For me, a game should be an emotional journey. You want ups and you want downs and what is interesting is what you feel between the two, that's what I'm really looking for.
If your goal with your life is to just have a job, have some money at the end of the month and not have too many problems, then there are jobs out there for you.
If you want to be someone who will try to be creative, try to have ideas, try to shape things and take all the risks attached with that, then you will take a different approach.
You need to think what people are going to like two years or five years from now, then try to work on that, even if it means that nobody will understand you today.
Trying to do things differently can be really exhausting  and extremely risky. I'm really happy with what I do and the position I'm in, but if I had maybe been a little more pragmatic, it might have made my life easier.
I don't have any regrets, I always did my best based on what I knew at the time. I love what I do, I like to explore new ideas and that is a reward in itself.


Former Antiques Roadshow host Hugh Scully has died at the age of 72.

Scully joined the BBC as a freelance journalist in 1965 and hosted the BBC's Nationwide before presenting Antiques Roadshow with Arthur Negus from 1981.
He resigned from the BBC One show in 2000 to join an internet auction company launching an antiques business.
Former Nationwide presenter Sue Lawley remembered Scully as a "great talent" who was "fun-loving" and most proud of his interviews with Margaret Thatcher.
Peter Salmon, who was controller of BBC One between 1997 and 2000, said Scully's "incredible" 19 years at Antiques Roadshow had won him "a special place in the hearts of so many".
He added: "Hugh was a great servant of the BBC for more than 30 years. He was a wonderful journalist and presenter.... he will be sadly missed."
Scully left Antiques Roadshow because it was feared his new role would jeopardise the programme's reputation for not favouring the expertise of any one auction house.
At the time of his departure, he described the programme as always "a delight and one of the best jobs in broadcasting".
Scully interviewed Baroness Thatcher in 1993, following the publication of her memoirs.
Recalling his first meeting with the former prime minister ahead of the interviews, he told The Independent, he feared things had gone awry.
"She really wasn't interested in the programmes. I would have expected a lot of questions about what was involved. I went away thinking the meeting hadn't gone well."
Scully's son Oliver said his father had died on Thursday afternoon while watching television at his Cornwall home.
Sue Lawley, who worked with Scully on Nationwide and before that at the BBC in Plymouth, added: "He was a very good presenter - he did the most marvellous pieces for camera and he could write, which was terrific.
"His greatest coup, in his view, was when he persuaded Mrs Thatcher to give him the series of programmes they went on to do together on the Downing Street years.
"In the end he and Mrs Thatcher became firm friends."
Henry Sandon, who worked with Scully on Antiques Roadshow, said he had had an "immense ability to drink wine" and was "always happy, jolly and wonderful".
He added: "I shall never forget the chap, he was ever so marvellous."


County Down woman Kerry O'Flaherty endured a tough baptism on the global athletics stage as she finished 13th in her 3,000m steeplechase heat at the World Championships in Beijing.

O'Flaherty clocked 10:05.10 - almost 23 seconds outside her personal best - as she slowed after attempting to match the fast early pace in hot conditions.
The 34-year-old set her personal best of 9:42.61 in early July.
That was both a World Championship and Olympic Games qualifying standard.
O'Flaherty and her two Irish team-mates Sara Treacy and Michelle Finn were all some way down on their personal bests as they struggled amid hot and humid conditions in the Chinese capital.
Treacy also finished 13th in her qualifier in 9:48.24 although her time was only four seconds outside her best with Finn clocking 9:55.27 to place ninth in her heat.
"I'm disappointed about the time but I'm delighted to be here," said O'Flaherty after the race.
"Hopefully on the road to Rio now it's given me the chance to run against the best in the world and experience the call room and everything."
In the last of the three heats, Turkish athlete Tugba Guvenc produced a fast early pace as she reached the first kilometre in 3:05.66.
O'Flaherty battled to stay with the leading group during the early stages of the race but then lost touch with the leaders as the Turk also paid for her early endeavours.
Finn Valley athlete Tori Pena missed out on a place in the women's pole vault final after her best leap of 4:30m left her 20th overall.
Californian native Pena set her personal best of 4.60m two years ago.


Dozens of people have been arrested as rival protesters clashed in Liverpool.

Members of the far-right North West Infidels group were reportedly confronted by anti-fascist protesters outside St George's Hall on Saturday.
One officer suffered concussion after being hit by a missile, and was treated in hospital, Merseyside Police said.
The force said 34 people were arrested for offences including assaulting a police officer, violent disorder and possessing weapons.


Great Britain manager Andy Halliday will miss the Rio Olympics due to "sensitivities" over his involvement in the operation that led to the death of Jean Charles de Menezes in 2005.

Halliday was part of a police firearms team that mistook the Brazilian national for a terror suspect at Stockwell Tube station, two weeks after the 7 July London bombings.
"Following advice, it was agreed with Andy that he would not travel to Brazil as a member of hockey's management team," GB Hockey said in a statement.
Halliday, formerly a specialist firearms officer in the Metropolitan Police, played what GB Hockey called a "peripheral role" in the operation on the London Underground.
In the statement, Great Britain Hockey said both it and the British Olympic Association had "been aware of the sensitivities of this matter in relation to Team GB competing in the Rio Olympics".
"Andy has continued in his role as team manager and will be working with the rest of the management team to help prepare the athletes for the event."
Halliday said: "Whilst I am obviously disappointed not to be going to the Olympic Games, I have known of this decision since last November and respect the process that has been followed and the decision itself.
"The performance interests of the team continue to be of paramount importance and I am focused purely on helping the team prepare for Rio 2016."
Great Britain Hockey's chief operating officer Sally Munday thanked Halliday "for the dignity and professionalism which he has shown throughout this process".


Mae un o brif weision sifil Cymru wedi amddiffyn y gwariant o £9m gan Lywodraeth Cymru ar gynlluniau i adeiladu trac rasio ym Mlaenau Gwent.

Dywedodd James Price, sy'n gyfrifol am adran economi'r llywodraeth, bod canlyniad y buddsoddiad werth yr arian.
Cafodd y cyllid ei roi i ddatblygwyr sydd eisiau adeiladu Cylchffordd Cymru ger Glyn Ebwy.
'Nôl ym mis Ebrill dywedodd Swyddfa Archwilio Cymru bod "diffygion sylweddol" yn y ffordd y deliodd y llywodraeth â'r arian.
Tra'n rhoi tystiolaeth i Bwyllgor Cyfrifon Cyhoeddus y Cynullliad, dywedodd Mr Price y gallai'r prosiect gael "effaith fawr" ar yr economi, ond ei fod hefyd yn "risg posib sylweddol".
Gwrthododd yr honiad bod "diffygion" yn ei adran, gan ddweud eu bod "wedi dysgu gwersi".
Dywedodd bod £55m wedi ei wario ar ddatblygu'r cynlluniau - £9.2m o'r ffigwr hwnnw mewn grantiau a benthyciadau gan Lywodraeth Cymru.
"Dwi wedi cael fy mherswadio ein bod wedi llwyddo i gael gwerth am arian am yr hyn rydyn ni wedi ei gael, sef prosiect sydd yn barod - os yw cyllid ar gael - i gael ei ddelifro", meddai.
Daw ymddangosiad Mr Price wedi i ffrae godi pan wnaeth dau swyddog dynnu 'nôl o roi tystiolaeth mewn sesiwn flaenorol.
Fe fydd cabinet Llywodraeth Cymru yn trafod dydd Mawrth os byddan nhw'n gwarantu tua hanner y £425m y byddai Cylchffordd Cymru yn ei gostio.
Mae datblygwyr yn dweud gallai'r prosiect greu 6,000 o swyddi yn un o'r llefydd mwyaf difreintiedig yng Nghymru.


The UK's subsea industry needs international expansion to sustain growth, a conference is to be told.

Thousands of people are expected at the three-day Subsea Expo at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Centre (AECC) which gets under way on Wednesday.
Subsea UK chief executive Neil Gordon said "huge rewards" could be gained overseas.
Subsea firms play a key role in North Sea activities, with about 50,000 people working in the sector the UK.
Subsea UK is urging companies to strengthen trade partnerships across the globe.
At Subsea Expo, the Department of International Trade (DIT) will be hosting meetings in a bid to meet demand in countries including Azerbaijan, Brazil, Mexico, Mozambique, Nigeria, Norway, Tanzania and the United States.
Mr Gordon said: "With around 50,000 people working in subsea production, the UK is the world leader in deep sea exploration and extraction.
"And, over 50% of the world's commercial subsea ROVs (remotely operated vehicles) are designed and manufactured in the UK.
"Now, more than ever, we must take this expertise to the markets that hold the most potential and who are actively seeking what we can offer.
"The demand is out there and huge rewards can be gained from expanding overseas."


ITV's director of TV, Kevin Lygo, has called for "more fun and lightness" in TV drama, saying he's "a bit tired of endless murders" on the small screen.

Speaking at a Bafta event on Monday, Lygo said he wants more "happy, life-affirming" dramas like The Durrells and The Good Karma Hospital.
"I bet you well over half our drama output will always have in some way crime at its heart," he added.
But he said such programmes "don't have to be quite so brutalised".
"I'm a bit tired of endless murders where in the first five minutes someone, always a woman or a child, is abducted, raped, knifed, killed or bludgeoned," said Lygo.
"In comes a hard-bitten cop with a drinking problem or a woman who never got over the fact that her parents were murdered and couldn't solve the crime, and in six weeks they find the killer and it ends up being Pauline Quirke around the corner.
"There are brilliant versions of that show and not great versions and I just feel: enough. They will always be around but the success of the Durrells was a positive thing, a sweet, happy, well-made brilliantly performed show, perfect for a Sunday evening."
There has been lots of debate over the last couple of years about the prevalence of rape and sexual violence in contemporary TV drama, including a recent opinion piece by Radio Times TV editor Alison Graham, who suggested "the brutal opening scene in ITV's new crime drama Paranoid is one murder too many".
One column in the Daily Mail described BBC Two drama The Fall as an "invitation to share an extended rape fantasy".
But the programme's writer, Allan Cubbit, defended the programme in an interview last month.
"There has been one female death in The Fall across the first 11 episodes and that was the character of Sarah Kay. The other ones are reported, but I only showed the murder of one woman on screen, which I needed to do to show what it was that Paul Spector [Jamie Dornan's character] was about.
"I don't expect to be applauded for my restraint, but I do think that compared with a great many other dramas I could mention The Fall has never indulged itself in that way."
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Semesa Rokoduguni scored two tries to help Bath edge past Brive to reach their second European Challenge Cup semi-final in four years.

Taulupe Faletau scored Bath's first try and England winger Anthony Watson put Tom Homer over before Rokoduguni touched down to put the hosts 20-6 up at the break.
Faletau went in again before Fabien Sanconnie grabbed a double in response.
Rokoduguni's second try four minutes from the end sealed a tense victory.
Bath, who were beaten by Northampton in an all-English Challenge Cup final in 2014, will travel to face the winners of Sunday's quarter-final between Ospreys and Stade Francais in the last four.
Brive, ninth in the French Top 14 competition and the club Bath beat to be crowned European Cup champions 19 years ago, were made to rue their early profligacy and only had two Germain penalties to show for a strong start.
Faletau ran in the game's opening try and following a Rhys Priestland penalty, Homer and Rokoduguni touched down in quick succession to see the Blue, Black and Whites take a 14-point advantage into the second half.
Wales number eight Faletau went in for his second and Bath's fourth try before Brive mounted their fightback, with Sanconnie the focal point, scoring a quickfire brace of tries.
Nathan Charles, the Australia hooker who was born with cystic fibrosis, made an impressive debut in a punishing contest, having recently arrived on a shot-term deal to bolster a Bath side decimated by injuries.
Rokoduguni's solo effort, evading a series of attempted tackles, clinched victory at the Recreation Ground, but there was still time for Brive to have another try chalked off in a dramatic finish.
Bath rugby director Todd Blackadder: "I am really pleased with the response from last weekend. There were a lot of things to fix, but I feel we are definitely on the right track.
"It wasn't a case of baby out with the bath water, but our attack just hadn't been functioning. We hadn't been scoring tries, and there were reasons for that.
"I was a little bit concerned when they got back to 27-20. We kept feeding their strengths. They are a big team, and we didn't want to get into a set-piece battle with them.
"We started out with plenty of intent, and I am pleased with the result, although we can be so much better than what we were in the second half.
"I thought Brive did a good job trying to shut us down, but I was pleased with our intent. We tried to play, and we changed our mindset from where it had been."
Bath: Watson; Rokoduguni, Joseph, Banahan, Homer; Priestland (co-capt), Fotuali'i; Catt, Charles, Palma Newport, Ewels (co-capt), Charteris, Mercer, Ellis, Faletau.
Replacements: Graham, Obano, Knight, Douglas, Grant, Cook, Hastings, Tapuai.
Brive: Germain; Ngwenya, Mignardi, Burotu, Masilevu; Ugalde, Iribaren; Devisme, Da Ros, Buys, Snyman, Mela, Hireche (capt), Luafutu, Sanconnie.
Replacements: Acquier, Asieshvili, Bekoshvili, Le Devedec, Waqaniborutu, Lobzhanidze, Laranjeira, Galala.
For the latest rugby union news follow @bbcrugbyunion on Twitter.


Bristol City secured the League One title with two games left, despite being held at home by Coventry City.

The Robins beat Bradford 6-0 to win promotion on Tuesday, but Coventry edged the first half at Ashton Gate, with Frank Fielding denying John Fleck.
At the other end, Kieran Agard had a penalty appeal turned down after Reda Johnson's challenge.
Luke Freeman wasted Bristol City's best chance after the break, but a draw was enough to confirm them as champions.
In sealing the League One title, the Robins became just the second team to win both the third-tier championship and Football League Trophy in the same season, following Birmingham City's success 20 years ago.
The Robins failed to replicate the impressive attacking display they produced at Valley Parade, with Frank Nouble and Grant Ward both going close to putting Coventry ahead.
In the second half, goalkeeper Fielding produced a brilliant save to keep Nick Proschwitz's chip out as the Sky Blues, who are now five points clear of the relegation zone in 16th, pressed for a winner.
But, with second-placed Preston North End having been held to a draw by Port Vale on Friday, a point was all Bristol City needed to be crowned champions.
Coventry City manager Tony Mowbray told BBC Coventry And Warwickshire:
"It was a great team effort from everybody. We've been pretty good away from home over the past few weeks so it should be no surprise.
"The lads are a bit disappointed that we didn't nick the game, but we're happy with a point away at the best team in the league."


A motorcycle stunt rider has suffered serious injuries in an accident on a wall of death carnival show in Norfolk.

Ken Wolfe was hurt while taking part in a display at the Gorleston Clifftop Festival at 14:15 BST on Saturday.
He was taken to the James Paget Hospital in Gorleston with a suspected fractured skull and broken collar bone.
The wall of death is a motorcycle show in which people ride at speed around a vertical track performing tricks and stunts on 1920 Indian Scout bikes.
Mr Wolfe performs with the Cornwall-based Ken Fox Troupe Wall of Death.
A message on the troupe's Facebook page said: "As you may have seen on the news Ken Wolfe fell riding today. Just to let everyone know he is safe and well and on the mend."
Last year the troupe's leader Ken Fox was injured in a performance at the Royal Cornwall Show in Wadebridge.  Mr Fox fell from the top of the cylindrical track but escaped serious injury.


The number of civilian casualties killed or injured in Afghanistan has risen by nearly a quarter in the last six months, the United Nations says.

The global body's report said the rise of 24% was caused by an increase in ground combat near populated areas.
Wednesday saw 26 people killed in a Taliban attack in the heart of the southern city of Kandahar.
The rise in violence comes as tens of thousands of foreign troops prepare to withdraw by the end of 2014.
Tensions surrounding the outcome of the Afghan presidential election last month have raised concerns about a further deterioration in the stability and security of the country.
The UN Assistance Mission for Afghanistan (Unama) said it had documented 4,853 civilian casualties between January and June 2014, including 1,564 civilian deaths and 3,289 injuries.
Ground engagements in civilian populated areas had caused two out of every five civilian casualties this year, it added.
It said clashes, rockets and mortar strikes killed more civilians than roadside bombs - a change from the past when most civilian casualties were caused by improvised explosive devices (IEDs).
Unama director Georgette Gagnon warned that "many battles were taking place near the homes of ordinary Afghans", adding that the numbers of injured women and children were in a "disturbing upward spiral".
In one such attack on Wednesday, militants targeted Kandahar's police headquarters and the office of the provincial governor using car bombs and small arms.
The Afghan authorities say suicide attackers were among the 18 militants killed. Two civilians and six policemen also died in the attack.
The Taliban have been testing the limits of the Afghan army in recent weeks, with a major offensive in the southern province of Helmand, says the BBC's Karen Allen.
The withdrawal of foreign troops by the end of this year will be the litmus test of whether more than a decade of training and investment in building up Afghanistan's own security forces  has paid off, she adds.


A leave vote on 23 June would not immediately part the UK and the European Union.

First, they would have to decide what their relationship would be like in the immediate future.
Once Britain formally tells the European Council it is leaving, it has two years to negotiate the terms of its withdrawal. Extra time would only be allowed if the remaining 27 states all agreed.
Lord O'Donnell fears complex talks would take much longer than that, and if the EU refused an extension to the negotiating period, the UK could face higher trade tariffs.
But - the clock would only start once Britain formally notified the European Council.
While David Cameron says voters would expect the process of leaving to begin straight away, he could delay and negotiate informally in the meantime.
Britain could technically even ignore all of this, the Vote Leave campaign says, and simply write the EU out of its laws, although that wouldn't make future negotiations any easier.
At the heart of this debate, then, is a question: how successful would British negotiators be at doing a deal with the EU, both for a short-term agreement to part, and a longer term trade settlement?
Take one view, and you think complicated talks would take many years and, as the government argues, lead to a decade or more of uncertainty.
Take another, and you think a huge - and hugely important - economy like Britain's is one with which the EU needs to do business, and so could extract an excellent deal.
Reality Check verdict: Without a crystal ball, neither side can be certain their hopes, fears or forecasts will turn out to be true.
READ MORE: The facts behind claims in the EU debate


A US naval warship has sailed near a contested reef in the South China Sea, in what Washington described as a "freedom of navigation" operation.

The ship neared the disputed Fiery Cross Reef, which China controls, on Tuesday, US officials said.
China said the move was illegal and "damaged regional peace".
China and several of its neighbours are locked in a territorial dispute over the South China Sea, which Beijing claims almost in its entirety.
China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei all have conflicting claims over reefs and islands in the sea.
China turned Fiery Cross Reef into an artificial island through a massive dredging operation, constructing buildings and an airstrip.
China says the structures are for civilian purposes. However, neighbouring countries are concerned at their possible military use.
US Defense Department spokesman Bill Urban said Tuesday's naval operation was designed to "challenge excessive maritime claims of some claimants in the South China Sea".
The US, which officially takes no position on the territorial disputes, says its "freedom of navigation" patrols are to ensure access to key shipping and air routes.
However, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu Kang said the US warship had "threatened China's sovereignty and security interests, endangered the staff and facilities on [Fiery Cross] Reef, and damaged regional peace and stability".
China had also conducted military drills near the disputed Spratly islands earlier this week, state media reported.
The latest tensions came as the Philippines, a US ally, elected Rodrigo Duterte as its next president.
Mr Duterte has given forthright opinions on the Philippines' territorial dispute with China in the South China Sea, saying he was ready to sail to the disputed Spratly islands to plant the Philippine flag there himself if talks did not work.
Contested South China Sea


Retailers have recalled meat products made by a Cornwall company because of concerns over potentially fatal bacteria.

Chatsworth House, in Derbyshire, and Paxton & Whitfield stores have removed products made by Cornish Charcuterie.
The Food Standards Agency said it had concerns over the manufacturer's procedures to control Clostridium botulinum.
The toxin may cause a serious form of food poisoning called botulism.
More on this story and other Devon and Cornwall news
Chatsworth House has recalled various pates and rillettes, while Paxton & Whitfield has recalled both flavours of its Pots of Pork product.
Cornish Charcuterie said it had a "rigorous... food safety management system in place", which had alerted staff to a problem with a piece of equipment.
The company said it notified authorities immediately and instigated the product recall as a precautionary measure.
According to the NHS, botulism is a very rare but life-threatening condition, where toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria attack the nervous system and cause paralysis.
Most people will make a full recovery with treatment, but the paralysis can spread to the muscles that control breathing if it's not treated quickly, and it is fatal in around 5 to 10% of cases.


Travellers on Easter getaways have been warned of possible delays because of increased security checks at transport hubs after the attacks in Brussels.

Police patrols at airports and train stations and enhanced border checks have been in place since explosions hit the Belgian capital on Tuesday.
Two million Britons are expected to go abroad over the four-day weekend.
The government said there may be "some limited delays" and people should check travel advice before setting off.
Travel organisation Abta also urged holiday-makers to allow "adequate time" for extra security checks.
BBC Travel
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Eurostar passengers have been told to allow one hour due to "enhanced security checks" with the cross-Channel operator expecting 22,000 people to use its trains to travel out of the UK on Good Friday.
London's airports will be busy with over 950,000 passengers set to depart from Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted and Luton.
Meanwhile an estimated six million Britons are expected to make trips within the UK, with the RAC warning that the most congested stretches of road are likely to include the M5 south from Almondsbury, Gloucestershire, towards Exeter, the M6 north from the West Midlands towards Lancashire and all sections of the M25.
The motoring group claimed it was "inevitable" that popular road arteries will be congested and warned drivers to expect "heavy traffic and jams on major routes".
Rail passengers have been advised to check for alterations to their journey because a number of lines will be suspended as Network Rail carries out more than 450 individual improvement projects.
NR chief executive Mark Carne said he was "acutely conscious" that many people want to use the railway over Easter, but claimed it is a good time to carry out work on the network because there would be fewer passengers than normal over the four-day period.
Forecasters predict changeable weather over the weekend. Good Friday is expected to be mainly dry across the UK but a band of heavy rain is expected to move from west to east across the country on Saturday with the chance of some snow over the high ground in Scotland.
It will also be windy with severe gales in exposed areas and heavy thundery showers with hail possible. The largest rainfall totals on Saturday are expected over the north-west.
For those looking for a warmer holiday, Spain will be the most popular destination for an Easter break, with the Canary Islands in particular seeing large numbers of British holidaymakers, Abta said.
Holidays in Orlando, Dubai, Mexico and the Dominican Republic are also in demand.


At least three people have been killed and eight others injured in Ecuador after a shallow earthquake struck the capital, Quito, and the surrounding areas, the authorities say.

The 5.1 magnitude quake caused buildings to sway and sent people scurrying into the streets.
Quito's main airport suspended operations temporarily as a precaution.
Parts of the city were covered in clouds of dust that formed from shifting earth at nearby quarries.
The three confirmed casualties are two workers and a four-year-old child who was buried underneath falling sacks of rice.
Three people are still missing in a quarry in Catequilla, near Quito, after the quake caused a landslide.
Another landslide engulfed a vehicle on a road north of the city, but the driver escaped unharmed, rescue workers said.
"I was talking on the phone with my daughter and suddenly the line went dead. I thought the house was falling down," Laura Flores, a resident of Quito's northern Carcelen district, told the Agence France-Presse news agency.
She said the quake had opened a crack in one wall of her house and caused plates to fall and break.
Teresa Salazar, who works in northern Quito, said they were "all very nervous".
"We could really feel it. The first thing I did was leave (the building) with my colleagues," she told the Reuters news agency.
The US Geological Survey said the quake was centred 23 km (14 miles) northeast of Quito at a depth of 7.7 km (4.8 miles).
Ecuador is prone to earthquakes. It is located along the so-called Ring of Fire, a horseshoe-shaped, seismically turbulent area of the Pacific Ocean.


A campaign to fast-track British citizenship for South African runner Zola Budd triggered a major government rift, newly released documents show.

The Foreign Office warned the Home Office against giving the teenage athlete "special treatment" to enable her to compete at the 1984 Olympics.
Ministers said any circumvention of the ban on South Africans competing may hurt the UK's anti-apartheid stance.
But the Home Office said Budd's "talent" made the case a priority.
Budd, who set a world record for the 5,000m at the age of 17 and became a household name for running barefoot, registered as a British citizen in April 1984 in time for her to compete at the Los Angeles games four months later.
She ran for Britain in the 3,000m - where she tangled with the American Mary Decker in one of the most famous moments in Olympic history and ultimately finished down the field.
A media campaign was launched to encourage Zola Budd's father to urge her to apply for British citizenship, by virtue of her paternal grandfather being British, thereby bypassing the boycott on South African athletes taking part in international competition because of its apartheid policy.
Previously unseen files, released by the National Archives, reveal wrangling over the issue broke out at cabinet level with the then Foreign Secretary Geoffrey Howe urging the then Home Secretary Leon Brittan to delay the decision on whether to grant the runner a British passport.
In a draft letter to Mr Brittan in March 1984, in which Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher was copied in, Mr Howe wrote: "I think the consequences for the government could be very damaging if we laid ourselves open to the charge that this young girl was receiving special treatment, gifted and exceptional though she may be."
The letter warned that the move could lead to possible withdrawals by other nations from the Olympic Games and the 1986 Edinburgh Commonwealth Games, and suggested it would undermine the Gleneagles agreement, a Commonwealth pact discouraging sporting contact with South Africa and be seen as a "device to circumvent anti-apartheid politics".
It added: "To give exceptional treatment to a South African national to enable her to avoid the sporting restrictions inflicted on her country and compete for Britain in the Olympics will be seen as a cynical move which will undermine that good faith.
"We will be open to charges by South Africa of double standards and duplicity."
The file reveals a raft of concerns from the Foreign Office about the case, with officials in South Africa being inundated with immigration inquiries from other people with similar claims on citizenship to Budd.
There were also concerns the government was "giving in to chequebook journalism" and commercial influences that had a stake in getting Budd to run in the Olympics, and that it was opening itself up to criticism by treating her as an exceptional case.
In a reply, Mr Brittan said he understood the "delicacy of the circumstances", but added:
"It would be very difficult to defend a delay which led to her (Budd) being unable to attempt to qualify for the United Kingdom for this Olympics unless, as a government, we were prepared to state publicly that we would not take account of her apparent talent in judging whether priority should be given to the handling of her case."
Zola Budd competed for South Africa at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics after the country was re-admitted to international competition following a referendum vote to end the apartheid system and the commitment to hold the country's first multi-racial election.


The owners of a care home where an elderly lady fell down a lift shaft and died have been ordered to pay £100,000.

May Lewis, 96, was killed after falling 20ft (6m) at Pontcanna House Care Home in Cardiff in 2012.
Carer Carol Conway, who walked backwards into the lift with Mrs Lewis in a wheelchair, also sustained life-threatening injuries.
On Tuesday, Shirwan and Nasik Al-Mufti admitted two serious health and safety breaches at Cardiff Crown Court.
The court heard the lift had been locked due to a fault but an emergency key was regularly used by staff to manually open the doors which would override the safety features.
Ms Conway had waited for the bell to sound but the platform for the lift had not arrived and the pair fell down two floors.
Prosecuting, Cardiff council said both Mr and Mrs Dr Al-Mufti were legally responsible for the safety of their staff and residents.
The court was told health and safety fell below the expected standards, that Mr and Mrs Dr Al-Mufti failed to adhere to warnings that the emergency key should not be used and they failed to have adequate risk assessments or training for their staff to use the lift.


Mechanics rescued a cat which had got trapped under the engine of a van.

The van owner was about to set off from Grays, Essex, to Oxford when she heard a noise and discovered there was a cat trapped between the exhaust and engine.
She took it to the Advanced Service Centre in the town where workers took 15 minutes to "de-cat" the van.
The cat's owner Sharley Fry said she was "so happy" that her pet, called Daisy, is safe and that is she is recovering well at their home in Grays.
LIVE: The tale of a lucky cat with eight lives
The black and white cat had got stuck between pipes and the gear linkage, and had wrapped itself around the exhaust.
Mechanics put the van on a ramp while they removed brackets, the under tray and the exhaust system.
Terry Reynolds, one of the team, said: "My first thought was 'is it still alive?', but it was and it was good to see it come out."
During the rescue, the mechanics could be heard saying how "lucky" it was the van driver had heard the noise and that it was a "very lucky cat".
The entire rescue was streamed live by Jay Beisser and has been viewed more than 50,000 times.
Mr Beisser said: "I was getting ready to cancel the video if the cat was dead but as soon as we touched her we got a reaction.
"The video has been all over the world - you just put it on there for friends and family and now all these people have taken a liking to it."
Miss Fry lives next door to the van's owner and has owned Daisy for eight or nine years.
She said Daisy was back home and is "being spoilt" with chicken.


A woman reported to have been walking on the slip road of the M4 at Swansea, dies following a collision.

The woman suffered fatal injuries in the incident involving a lorry at Llangyfelach at around 04:00 BST.
The eastbound carriageway of the M4 was closed for several hours resulting in long delays for commuter traffic on Thursday morning.
The road was closed until 09:00 BST causing a five-mile tail back along the M4 eastbround.


It's a book that lay undiscovered for 60 years and which went on to become a phenomenon: Irene Nemirovksy's epic French novel Suite Francaise, written in the early years of the World War II, not only became a worldwide bestseller upon its publication in 2004, but is now an English language movie.

The film, directed by British film-maker Saul Dibb and starring Michelle Williams and Kristin Scott Thomas, is, according to Williams, "entirely dedicated and a tribute to Irene Nemirovsky and her descendants," a Jewish author from the Ukraine who settled in Paris.
Despite her conversion to Roman Catholicism, she was arrested by the Nazis and died, aged 39, at Auschwitz concentration camp in 1942.
"It's quite overwhelming, the level of emotion you feel when you even think about Irene's story as it's more extraordinary than anything she wrote, even Suite Francaise," says the actress.
"As soon as I read the script, I could see Irene, and hear her voice around me. It very rarely happens, but her words sounded like music to me."
Williams, the winner of a Golden Globe in 2012 for playing Marilyn Monroe in Simon Curtis's  My Week With Marilyn, adds that "when you are dealing with the legacy of a real life person, it's a responsibility heaped on you.
"You want to be true to that person, and in this case, I wanted to be faithful to Irene. The fact that this story was very nearly never published makes it more precious."
Williams plays the role of Lucille, a young wife in the French provincial town of Bussy, who waits for news of her husband, fighting for France, under the disapproving eye of her mother-in-law, played by Kristin Scott Thomas.
She meets a young German officer and falls in love, even as the town is brutalised under occupation from its invaders.
In the novel, Lucille's love affair is just one of many stories Nemirovsky weaves of life under Nazi control. But Suite Francaise, written in tiny handwriting in a notebook as paper became more scarce, was never completed.
Nemirovsky was taken to Auschwitz, and her notebook was passed to her youngest daughter, Denise Epstein, who didn't open it until 2004, thinking it contained her mother's journals.
Upon discovery and publication, Nemirovsky was posthumously awarded the prestigious French literary prize, the Prix Renaudot, and her other novels were also successfully republished.
Expressing her sorrow that Epstein died in 2013, "just before we made the film, and so I never got to meet her," Williams calls meeting the author's descendants "the most special day of filming; they came to the set, and it was emotional for everyone".
And Scott Thomas added: "It just really is all about the incredible story of Irene and her book, and I just hope the film has done it justice, because its publication was very important - it's a historical document for France.
"This tale of violent occupiers - this is recent history we are re-telling, from the time of our grandparents, and it has terrible poignancy for today as well, all over the world.
"I think what was interesting is that Irene had no Jewish characters in her book, or anything to say about their persecution.
"Some commentators have called her anti-Jewish as she hadn't embraced or exposed what was going on with her people at that period in France.
"However, in our film version, we have a moment where you do see what is happening to the Jewish people, and that was our own tribute to the fate of Irene."
Director Dibb, whose previous work includes The Duchess, starring Keira Knightley, describes adding those scenes as "a necessary piece of artistic licence".
"Irene wrote so generously about her occupiers. The book was written in 1940, in the early stages of the war, and she doesn't even refer to them as Nazis.
"She had no perspective on what happened to her people, and what happened to France. However, she was killed by her occupiers, and killed by those French collaborators too, who helped deport their Jewish populations."
Williams defends the choosing of just one storyline from the original novel, saying, "the book itself is incomplete and so fragmented that it would be difficult to tell as a film unless one story is picked out.
"I'm glad they chose Lucille's love story - I think many people will identify with the story of love in hopeless circumstances.
"But what's also interesting for me is my character starts out as fragile and naïve, and becomes a revolutionary. The circumstances we live in dictate who we become.
"I'm just sorry that I never got to see or hold the original manuscript of the book, and actually see Irene's writing, although I do have a first edition of the book. But I hope we have also helped her to live on."
Suite Francaise is released in the UK on 13 March.


A man was left with cuts to his head and hand after he disarmed a knife attacker on a London bus.

13 April 2017 Last updated at 16:26 BST
Police were called to reports of a stabbing on a 149 bus on Stoke Newington Road just before 14.00 BST on Tuesday.
The victim, in his 20s, was taken to a nearby hospital but later discharged. No arrests have been made.
An eyewitness told the BBC the two passengers had been arguing for a while when a fight broke out "suddenly".
"It was only when they began struggling we could see that one man was trying to wrestle the knife off the other," the witness said.


Wales needs more "innovative" grassroots media to help explain how the nation works and hold those in power to account, an academic has said.

Dr Daniel Evans of Cardiff University said there was a "farcical situation" where people did not know who ran what, leading to a lack of scrutiny.
He pointed to findings that fewer than 5% of Welsh people read Welsh papers.
The assembly could play a part in supporting services such as blogs and hyperlocal websites, he added.
"Welsh people simply don't hear anything about Wales or Welsh politics," Dr Evans wrote in an article for the Open Democracy website.
"The general lack of coverage about the Welsh assembly or Welsh policy distinctiveness has led to a farcical situation whereby no one knows who does what, who is in charge of what, and so on.
"In my own field of education research, for example, teachers have told me how they are frequently confronted by upset parents scared about changes to education, unaware that the changes they have seen on the news only apply to England.
"This lack of information directly contributes to political disengagement and the uniquely low election turnout in Wales, as well as undermining the Assembly and devolution itself."
Dr Evans said the lack of a "truly national" Welsh newspaper led people to rely more heavily on the BBC.
However, he claimed that spending cuts on English language programming meant the corporation was "failing to accurately represent Wales".
As far as the solutions go, Dr Evans told BBC Wales he would like to see more "non-statist" media emerge, like the Wings over Scotland and Bella Caledonia blogs in Scotland and Welsh examples such as the Jac o' the North blog and the Grangetown community website in Cardiff.
Many new media organisations had been able to raise money for equipment from crowdfunding, he added.
Dr Evans said he also disagreed with people who said there was "no future" for print media, saying: "The Herald group is doing interesting things in Ceredigion and Pembrokeshire."
In November, Presiding Officer Elin Jones announced a digital taskforce headed by former minister Leighton Andrews to examine ways of promoting and explaining the assembly's activities through social media and other platforms.
Her predecessor, Dame Rosemary Butler, warned in 2012 of a "democratic deficit" caused by cuts at the BBC and the decline of the regional and local newspaper industry.
While stressing the need for independent scrutiny of Welsh politics, Dr Evans accepted there may be a role for the assembly to support local media.
"I'm not a fan of state intervention, but there could be some sort of pot of money to help fund the local press," he said.


A GP groped and fondled women "like a 14-year-old boy" during medical examinations, a trial has heard.

The examinations were given to 23 alleged victims as part of recruitment processes for ambulance and fire services in Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire.
Dr Robert Lewis, 50, of Shefford, Bedfordshire, denies 37 charges, mainly of indecent assault.
His trial at Luton Crown Court is expected to last for six weeks.
Mark Fenhalls QC, prosecuting, said the assaults were "subtle and carefully designed by the defendant to appear as part of the examinations".
"The defendant was taking advantage of young women who were desperate to pass the medical and give themselves the best possible chance of getting a job," he said.
The prosecution said one woman paramedic, who was then 24, said "polishing headlights springs to mind rather than the normal breast exam".
Another, who was 18, said she had been told to strip down and he slid his hand into her thong, the court learned.
He then asked her to bend over for 10 seconds while he checked her "spinal alignment".
Another alleged victim told police that Dr Lewis was "like a 14-year-old boy grabbing his first pair of boobs".
She said: "It wasn't an examination, it was a two-hand grab.
"If he's looking for lumps, I am pretty sure that's not how you do it, but he is a doctor."
The prosecution, which was outlining its case, said the defendant also put his hands down a woman's underwear to "check for a pubic hernia".
Dr Lewis, who is a GP at Larkfield Surgery in Stotfold, has pleaded not guilty to 36 charges of indecent assault, alleged to have taken place 1999-2002, and one of sexual assault alleged to have happened in 2009.
The trial continues.


Texas has executed a 67-year-old man who was convicted of killing four men in 1983 after the US Supreme Court denied him a final appeal.

Lester Bower Jr is the oldest man executed in Texas since the state resumed its use of capital punishment in 1982.
Prosecutors said he shot dead four men in an aeroplane hangar in Sherman, a ranching town north of Dallas.
Bower had maintained his innocence throughout his incarceration.
His last words were: "Much has been said about this case. Much has been written about this case. Not all of it has been the truth. But the time for discerning truth is over and it's time to move on."
Bower is the eighth man put to death by lethal injection in Texas this year.
Bower was a chemical salesman with no criminal record at the time of the murders. Police said Bower went to Sherman to purchase a plane but instead stole the plane and killed the men in the hangar.
Building contractor and B&B Ranch owner Bob Tate, Grayson County Sheriff's Deputy Philip Good, interior designer Jerry Brown and former Sherman police officer Ronald Mayes were found dead on 8 October 1983.
Bower initially lied to investigators about being at the hangar and police found parts of a plane owned by Mr Brown at his home.
"I do have remorse," Bower told the Associated Press news agency in last month. "I'm remorseful for putting my family and my wife and my friends through this."


Japan's aquariums have voted to stop acquiring dolphins caught during the controversial annual hunt in the town of Taiji.

It comes after the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (Waza) suspended Japan's membership because of the "cruel" way the dolphins are caught.
The Taiji hunt has been carried out for decades despite widespread criticism.
Hundreds of dolphins and pilot whales are herded into a small bay and either killed for meat or sold to aquariums.
The hunt, which sees the animals killed with knives in shallow waters, gained global attention when it was the subject of the Oscar-winning documentary film The Cove in 2009.
Waza had suspended Japan in April, saying all its members were prohibited from using "cruel and non-selective methods of taking animals from the wild".
It said negotiations with Japan on a compromise had failed.
The Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (Jaza), which has 152 member sites, said on Wednesday it would now "prohibit its members to acquire wild dolphins caught by drive fishing in Taiji and to take part in their export and sale".
But the group's chair, Kazutoshi Arai, told a news conference that the move was not a criticism of the Taiji "drive fishing" method, nor of whaling culture itself. He said Jaza still believed that the Taiji hunt was "not cruel".
He blamed Waza's decision on "pressure from international anti-whale activist groups".
The move was welcomed by those groups, many of which say that the hunt is largely made economically viable because of the trade to aquariums.
Anti-whaling group Sea Shepherd said it was "great news for the dolphins in Taiji".
"With the elimination of the demand for Taiji dolphins from Japanese aquariums, Taiji's hunt is one huge step closer to being sunk economically," it said in a statement.
Sarah Lucas, head of Australia for Dolphins, said it marked "the beginning of the end for dolphin hunting in Japan".


A Royal Mail post box has been painted gold in a west Cornwall town in honour of Olympic gold medal winner Helen Glover for her achievement in rowing.

Every time a British athlete wins a gold medal in the Olympics or Paralympics, Royal Mail will paint a post box gold in their home town.
Although she now lives in Caversham, near Reading, Miss Glover, started her sporting rise to fame in Penzance.
Miss Glover said: "Is that really happening? That is so, so exciting."
"It's great that it's happening to my home town, it's just really nice to be able to give a little bit of excitement back, because I want everyone to feel like they're part of it, because they are," she added.
Helen Glover, 26, and rowing partner Heather Stanning took gold on Wednesday in the Olympic rowing pairs final, winning Britain's first gold medal of the 2012 Games and Britain's first by women rowers.
Heulyn Davies, from Royal Mail, said: "We wanted something to mark what is obviously a wonderful occasion for Helen Glover and for Penzance of course and for all Olympians who win a gold medal for team GB."
The King George VI painted post box - one of Royal Mail's oldest - is situated on Quay Street opposite Penzance harbour and will remain gold for six months.
It is the first time in 140 years the boxes will have changed colour.
The post box in Penzance is the first to be painted and Royal Mail hope it will turn out to be the "first of many more to come".
Mr Davies added: "Let the gold rush begin."
To mark their win, Royal Mail have also printed a stamp depicting the rowing pair.


Kenyan police have fired tear gas at pupils of a big school in Nairobi who were protesting about the sale of their playground to a private developer.

The pupils had returned to the Lang'ata school after a two-week teachers strike to find the play area fenced off.
The school has about 1,000 children between the ages of three and 14 and is run by Nairobi city council.
Several children were hurt in the police action to disperse the protest and have been taken to hospital.
Some of them had confronted riot police, waving sticks at them.
At least one police officer was injured when he was struck by a stone thrown by a protester.
The demonstrators also included teachers at the school and political activists.
It was not immediately clear how the developer came to take possession of the land, which lies less than five kilometres west of the city centre.
The city council has said the playground is public land. It has not commented on the legal status of the apparent sale.
Critics have alleged that corrupt elements were behind a deal to turn the land over to the developer.


League One side Fleetwood Town have signed defender Joe Davis from Leicester City for an undisclosed fee.

Davis has made 14 appearances for the Cod Army since joining on loan in October, and recently agreed to extend his stay until the end of the season.
The 22-year-old signed for Leicester from Port Vale in 2014, but did not feature for the first team.
"I'm delighted that it's all been done now and I can concentrate on my football," he told the club website.
"I stated from the start that I'd be really interested in staying with the club, and I'm just over the moon to be here now."
The length of Davis' deal with Fleetwood has not been disclosed.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Cyprus Under-21 cap Alex Gogic, along with fellow defender Jordan McGregor, has won a contract extension after only two games with Hamilton Academical.

McGregor, 20, who is on loan with Airdrieonians, and Gogic, 22, have agreed deals until May next year.
Gogic joined Accies in February after being released by Swansea City.
He made his debut as a substitute in this month's 4-0 defeat by Hearts and started in the following game, also a 4-0 defeat, this time by Rangers.
Gogic began his youth career with Greek champions Olympiacos, where his father, Sinisa, a former Cyprus striker, was youth coach, before joining Swansea in 2013.
He did not make a first-team appearance for the Premier League club.
McGregor joined Accies from Hibernian last summer and made three League Cup appearances for the Scottish Premiership side but did not feature at all in their league campaign.
He joined Airdrieonians in January and has played seven times for the League One outfit.


Part of a toy car has been fitted to a tortoise to help it get around after losing a leg.

12 June 2015 Last updated at 08:47 BST
Touche's back leg was removed after an accident at its home last week.
Vet Sonya Miles said: "We decided to attach the wheel to avoid him traumatising the underside of his shell by dragging his back end."
Since the surgery on Friday, his owner Lisa Purnell said Touche was doing well.
Staff at Highcroft Veterinary Hospital in Bristol, England, used a special glue to attach the base of a toy car to the plastron, which is the underside of the shell.
Ms Miles said: "It can be taken off in the future if we feel that he has enough strength to hold himself up but he could be fine with a wheel for the rest of his life.
"He may even need a bigger one fitted at some point; tortoises carrying on growing until they are 10-15 years old so he could still double in size."


Tennis star Novak Djokovic got into bother on Sunday for losing his temper on the court.

While he did still beat Austria's Dominic Thiem in his opening match at the ATP World Tour Finals in London, people weren't just talking about the scoreline.
When Djokovic lost the first set after a tie-break, he hit a ball in frustration towards his player box, which only just missed coaches Boris Becker and Marian Vajda.
It comes after losing his position as the men's tennis world number 1 player to Andy Murray recently.
His bad behaviour earned him an official warning from the umpire Carlos Bernardes.
But he's by no means the first sporting star to lose their temper while playing!
The Real Madrid football star is well-known for his diva-like behaviour and regular strops - and he didn't disappoint at this year's Euros.
When Hungary took a 3-2 lead against his Portuguese side, Ronaldo threw one almighty tantrum.
He seemed to be having quite a sulky week, as in the run-up to the Hungary match - having not scored so far all tournament - he snatched a reporter's microphone and threw it into a nearby river.
Hungary and Portugal went on to draw the game 3-3 and Portugal ended up winning the tournament.
Back when he was playing for Sheffield Wednesday against Arsenal in 1998, Italian footballer Paulo Di Canio took his temper out on the referee Paul Alcock, by shoving him to the ground.
After the incident, the referee said: "I couldn't believe what had taken place. It is totally unacceptable."
Di Canio was swiftly sent off, suspended by the club and jumped on a plane to Italy to have a long, hard think about what he'd done. He ended up banned for 11 matches and ordered to pay a Â£10,000 fine.
That was far from the end of him getting in bother.
He went on to become a football manager and in 2013, when managing Sunderland, he was sent to the stands after arguing with the referee Martin Atkinson about alleged Arsenal time-wasting.
Rather than taking his temper out on a referee, tennis star David Nalbandian decided he was going to vent his anger by kicking an advertising board.
His behaviour got him disqualified from the Aegon Championships final after the panel hit a line judge in the shin.
He was actually winning the match at the time! But after doing this, the game was awarded straight to Nalbandian's opponent Marin Cilic
"I am very sorry. Sometimes you get frustrated on court," Nalbandian said.
Players losing their tantrums isn't a recent trend.
Back in 1979, when India and Australia were playing each other in a cricket Test match, the Australia bowler Rodney Hogg was given his 11th no-ball in just six overs.
In response, the bowler kicked down the stumps and stormed off the field! It is remembered as one of the most famous incidents of someone losing their temper in cricket, although there have been plenty more since then.
After getting bowled out on the very first ball of a match in 2014, young cricketer Ben Stokes angrily punched a locker in the dressing room, which fractured his hand. Not a good idea if you need your hands to play your sport!
Serena Williams launched a furious rant at an official during the US Open in 2009, after the official called her out for a foot fault.
She lost both the point and the semi-final match against Kim Clijsters, and was fined $10,500 (Â£6,300) for her bad behaviour.
This is one of the most memorable times a player has lost their cool in the history of sport.
In his Wimbledon first-round match against Tom Gullikson, McEnroe's serve was called out.
McEnroe clearly didn't think this was the right decision. He was furious at the umpire and was seen shouting: "You cannot be serious!"
He went on to win the tournament though, so it wasn't all bad.
At the Mexican Grand Prix this year, Sebastian Vettel was heard being extremely rude and using swear words to race director Charlie Whiting over his team radio.
He was angry about the way another driver Max Verstappen was racing.
Fortunately for him, he was not punished for his angry rant - although was told that if he behaved like that again then he would be!
Nobody likes losing, but US football goalkeeper Hope Solo took it a step too far when her Olympic side lost to Sweden this year on penalties.
It was the first time that the defending champions hadn't reached the semi-finals of a big tournament and Solo didn't take it too well.
"I think we played a bunch of cowards," she said. "I don't think they're going to make it far in the tournament. I think it was very cowardly."
Perhaps recognising that it wasn't a very nice reaction, she later tweeted that she wasn't a very good loser.
She was banned from playing football for the US for six months because of her behaviour.
If you were lucky enough to have a world-class golf club, the last thing you would want to do would be to chuck it into a river!
But that is exactly what Rory McIlroy did during the second round of the WGC-Cadillac Championship in Miami last year.
When one of his shots went into the water, he launched his club after it!
Afterwards, he said: "It felt good at the time, but now I regret it. Frustration got the better of me."
One of the most shocking moments in football history came during the World Cup final of 2006.
French captain Zinedine Zidane was sent off for head-butting one of the other team's players Marco Materazzi.
It was reported he did this because he was reacting to something nasty that Materazzi had said.
France went on to lose the match and it has become one of the main incidents that the footballing legend Zidane is remembered for, as it was his final World Cup.
The incident has even been turned into a statue!


Female-driven comedy Girls Trip exceeded all expectations at the US box office when it was released last weekend - a fact its star Jada Pinkett Smith puts down to the power of laughter.

It made $31.2m (£23.9m) in its first three days, following behind Christopher Nolan's war epic Dunkirk which took $50.5m (£38.8m). That makes it the biggest opening weekend for any live-action comedy this year.
The film follows the story of four lifelong friends who re-unite for a weekend getaway in New Orleans.
The fact it's an R-rated comedy fronted by four women makes its success even sweeter for Pinkett Smith and co-stars Queen Latifah, Regina Hall and newcomer Tiffany Haddish.
"Laughter is universal, people love to laugh," Pinkett Smith told the BBC, commenting on the film's success.
"One woman is every woman and the themes in the film are universal, even though we could be different ages and experience different things."
She said she was delighted to see women of all races enjoying the film, adding: "As women, the things we care about and some of the things happening in our lives will be similar and that is the success of the movie."
Girls Trip seems to have broken the R-rated curse following a summer of disappointing comedy films.
Will Ferrell and Amy Poehler's The House, about a couple that start an underground casino to put their daughter through university, opened to just short of $9m (£7m).
Baywatch also drowned over a public holiday weekend taking $18m (£13.8m) and a few weeks before that, Amy Schumer and Goldie Hawn's Snatched was considered a box office flop with its $19.5m (£15m) opening.
The last R-rated comedy to have been a worldwide sensation was The Hangover in 2009, which earned $45m (£34.5m) in its opening weekend in the US and $467m (£359m) worldwide.
So what made Girls Trip immune to this comedy curse?
Director Malcolm D Lee puts it down to a little sprinkle of what he calls "black girl magic".
"Black girl magic is real - people want a piece of it, they want to see it, they want to be empowered by it," he told The Hollywood Reporter.
Another film that was praised for its black girl magic was Oscar-nominated Hidden Figures, which told the story of a team of female African-American mathematicians who served a vital role in Nasa during the early years of the US space programme.
After its opening weekend in 2016, its star Taraji P Henson - wrote on Instagram as it took the number one spot at the box office: "I have been told my entire career 'black women can't open films domestically or internationally'. Well, anything is possible."
Lee also alluded to film's success in relation to his own movie saying: "Four black women can open a movie and it does not have to be about the space program.
"Hidden Figures did extremely well and I'm extremely happy for that movie to have done that - it's unprecedented - but here we are for women who exist in real life and don't get an opportunity to see themselves like this."
The success of films like Hidden Figures, Oscar-winning Moonlight and now Girls Trip always reignites the debate on social media about representation in film.
"Here we have the opportunity to see ourselves not as maids, slaves or receptacles for casual misogynoir (misogyny directed towards black women), but as autonomous beings who experience the fullness of joy and unadulterated happiness," says British writer and producer Danielle Dash.
"Girls Trip is important for black women because we are represented by women who look like us in roles that were written by people who look like us and other people we love."
Whilst the success of directors and writers such as Get Out's Jordan Peele and Insecure's Issa Rae are important, the black experience in TV and film tends to be oversaturated by African-Americans, rather than coming from the British-black perspective.
This could be one of the many reasons Michaela Coel's Chewing Gum was such a popular success - she took home two Baftas for her work on the show in 2016.
Dash believes that when British TV and film industries give projects with black voices the same time and effort in development, the companies who commit to uplifting minority voices will reap the benefits financially.
And Pinkett Smith couldn't agree more.
"As much as we want the moral stakes to matter, it's a very profitable move," she says.
"I think that it being a deeply unexplored area will make for a very creative project that people will have deep interest in. We constantly realise that in the States.
"People are always interested in how other people live because some don't get to see that experience. You're really doing your creative culture a disservice by not highlighting those different cultures."
Girls Trip will be released in the UK on 26 July.
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A rebel alliance in southern Syria has begun an offensive against government forces in Quneitra province, near the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights.

A spokesman for the Southern Front said groups fighting in the operation had signed a pact, which did not involve the al-Qaeda-affiliated al-Nusra Front.
The area around the town of Quneitra came under heavy bombardment on Wednesday morning, Reuters reported.
Smoke could be seen rising from the area and small arms fire was heard.
Later, sirens sounded at two Israeli settlements in the Golan Heights.
Quneitra, about 70km (40 miles) south-west of the capital Damascus, has frequently seen clashes between various rebel factions and government forces since the uprising against President Bashar al-Assad began in 2011.
Southern Front spokesman Issam al-Rayes announced the start of the operation to "liberate remaining regime targets in Quneitra" late on Tuesday.
The groups taking part were all part of the Western-backed Free Syrian Army (FSA) and had "signed a mutual defence pact", he wrote on Twitter.
The Southern Front had "prohibited" al-Nusra from joining the operation because it did "not share the vision for a free Syria we are fighting for", he added.
Early on Wednesday, a Reuters photographer watching from the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights reported that the bombardment appeared to be focused on an area between the town of Quneitra and a nearby reservoir. He saw tanks firing shells and heard the sound of helicopters overhead.
The state news agency, Sana, reported that army units had killed a number of "terrorists" in Um Batina, east of the reservoir, and to the south of Karm Jaba.
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights meanwhile reported that at least seven rebels and 10 pro-government fighters had been killed in fierce clashes between the military and rebel groups, including al-Nusra and other Islamist factions, in the north of Quneitra province since Tuesday.
The rebels had surrounded the government-held Druze town of Hadar after taking a strategic hilltop to the north, the UK-based monitoring group said.
The government has suffered a string of defeats in the past three months.
Last week, the Southern Front captured a major army base in Deraa province.
It also took the Nasib border crossing with Jordan at the start of April, days after another rebel alliance seized the capital of the north-western province of Idlib.


England Under-21s are on the verge of reaching their first Toulon Tournament final since 1994 following a 4-0 win against Paraguay.

Lewis Baker smashed into the top corner before Chelsea team-mate Ruben Loftus-Cheek slotted in just before half-time.
Loftus-Cheek then dinked in James Ward-Prowse's pass, with Nathan Redmond sealing the win after a solo run.
England, who have beaten Portugal and Guinea, need a draw against Japan in Friday's final group game to progress.
Even if Gareth Southgate's side were to lose, their rivals would need a huge goal swing to overhaul them.
England have scored 12 goals and conceded just one in their opening three wins, easing past Paraguay after following up a 1-0 win against Portugal with a 7-1 thrashing of Guinea on Monday.
They will face either France or Czech Republic in the final.
"The players have set about their work this week with great mentality," Southgate said. "This has been a brilliant experience for them.
"We've shown ruthlessness, great discipline and composure. When you play teams from other parts of the world you have to show a strong mentality to see games through.
"Reaching the final is important but we want to go and win it."
England: Pickford, Iorfa, Chambers, Hause, Chilwell (Targett 39), Chalobah, Ward-Prowse, Loftus-Cheek (Swift 71), Baker, Redmond (Palmer 69), Watmore (Grealish 62). Subs not used: Gunn, Woodrow, Stephens, Grimes, Holding.
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Welsh ministers do not have the capacity to make Wales-only agriculture policies after the UK leaves the EU, the Welsh Conservative leader has said.

Andrew RT Davies also said Labour-Plaid Cymru policy liaison committees, set up in May to ensure Carwyn Jones's nomination as first minister, lacked clear remits for farming or Brexit.
Mr Davies said important issues would "fall by the wayside".
Ministers said their top priority was getting Wales the "best possible deal".
On Monday, Rural Affairs Secretary Lesley Griffiths said Brexit was a chance to introduce a "made-in-Wales" approach to farming.
Mr Davies, who campaigned for Vote Leave during the EU referendum, was speaking to BBC Wales at the Royal Welsh Show in Llanelwedd, Powys on Wednesday.
Asked if he thought the Welsh Government could create its own agriculture policies after Brexit, he said: "From the discussions I've had on the show field there is a real issue around capacity in Welsh Government to reach for the challenge ahead and actually look at the opportunities that are opening up before us."
Mr Davies said: "At the moment I don't think that capacity exists and I don't think there [was] any pre-planning for the outcome of the referendum.
"That is deeply concerning."
Vote Leave had previously called for the Welsh Government to work with pro-Brexit politicians in forming their response to leaving the EU.
Mr Davies added that none of the working groups between Labour and Plaid Cymru "seems to have a clear remit when it comes to agriculture or indeed Brexit negotiations".
"Things will fall by the wayside that shouldn't be falling by the wayside," he said.
"We've heard on the show field today the lacklustre response to Bovine TB. As we can all look at the headlines about Brexit, there are the day to day challenges that the rural economy and agriculture faces.
"I see no impetus coming from government at the moment to address those day to day issues, leave alone the big headline issue of Brexit.
"I think it's deeply concerning that we had a priorities for government statement five days before the Royal Welsh... and not one mention of agriculture or the rural economy.
"If my memory serves me right there was little about rural broadband and connectivity, there was nothing about infrastructure and transport infrastructure for rural areas, or bovine TB...[or] to get small to medium sized businesses to locate to rural Wales to create quality jobs so we can have sustainable communities."
A Welsh Government spokesman said: "Our number one priority is to get the best possible deal for the people of Wales.
"Under the devolution settlement, we will work with the UK government to create a new context for policies and programmes in Wales as powers are repatriated from the EU."


An online education resource showcasing the best way to increase attainment in Scotland's schools has been launched by the country's education secretary.

John Swinney said the tool would help "all of our children to succeed".
The resource details examples from around Scotland which have improved the wellbeing and learning of children in the classroom.
Approaches include parent questionnaires, a family breakfast club and a walk-to-school programme.
Mr Swinney said: The information now available gives teachers and school leaders access to effective interventions based on practice examples from around Scotland.
"This suite of materials will be developed further in the coming weeks and months to include successful approaches based on the best available international evidence as we work with the Education Endowment Foundation to develop a Scottish specific version of their highly-regarded Teaching and Learning toolkit."
The online resource will be added to in the coming weeks.
Bill Maxwell, chief executive of Education Scotland, hoped the tool would help schools make decisions about closing the attainment gap between their "most and least disadvantaged children".
He added: "The interventions highlighted in this resource represent the wide range of different approaches which have been developed in Scotland, and which have proved to be effective.
"Education Scotland has a key role in ensuring that schools have easy access to evidence about 'what works' as they plan to address the priorities of the Scottish Attainment Challenge and the National Improvement Framework."


Sinn Féin is threatening to pull out of the Joint Ministerial Council over concerns about negotiations for the UK to leave the EU.

The party's Infrastructure Minister, Chris Hazzard, and his colleague, John O'Dowd, are in London for a meeting with Brexit Secretary David Davis.
The DUP's Junior Minister, Alastair Ross, is also attending.
However, Sinn Féin has accused the government of treating the council as a "talking shop".
Earlier this week, Prime Minister Theresa May said Brexit means leaving the European Customs Union.
It currently allows tariff and paperwork-free trade between the UK and the Republic of Ireland.
Sinn Féin MLA John O'Dowd said on Thursday: "By making her so-called keynote speech on Brexit... this week two days ahead of the Joint Ministerial Council, British Prime Minister Theresa May treated the council with utter disdain."
He added: "That was a clear act of bad faith... it is clear she is intent on ignoring the will of the majority of people in the north who voted to remain in the EU.
"It has got to the stage where the Joint Ministerial Council is being treated as a talking shop by the British government and we will be reassessing our involvement with it."
The DUP see the council as a useful forum to air their concerns.
The DUP and Sinn Féin were joined at the council meeting by ministers from Scotland and Wales.
Northern Ireland Office minister Lord Dunlop described the talks as "a constructive session in looking at the devolved administrations' important contribution to the process of planning the UK's departure from the European Union".
"In her speech this week, the prime minister emphasised the importance of working together to achieve a deal that works for Northern Ireland as part of a United Kingdom that is determined to take advantage of the opportunities that leaving the EU presents," he said.
Earlier, Mr Hazzard said Northern Ireland needed a "special designated status" within the EU.
Former Taoiseach (Irish prime minister) John Bruton has said Mrs May's plan for a post-Brexit customs deal will be "unworkable".
Sinn Féin has said exiting the European Customs Union creates a "hard border on the island of Ireland".
But DUP MP Sammy Wilson said the prime minister's statement would give the business community "more certainty".
Brexit Secretary David Davis has said the UK leaving the EU would result in difficulties over border controls on the island of Ireland, but that any problems could be solved.
What is a customs union and why does it matter?
A customs union is a form of trade agreement between two or more countries.
It means they decide not to impose tariffs (taxes on imports) on each other's goods and agree to impose common external tariffs on goods from countries outside their customs union.
Setting common external tariffs is what distinguishes a customs union from a free trade area.
The key argument for leaving the customs union is that it will allow the UK to negotiate its own trade agreements.
Read more here.


Northern Ireland's transport minister has announced that work could begin on part of the A5 between Newbuildings to Strabane in 2017.

Michelle McIlveen said there will be a new public consultation on the £150m project which will see part of the road upgraded to a dual carriageway.
The planned upgrade of the A5 between Ballygawley and the Irish border will not go ahead at this stage.
The new A5 would lessen journey times by 20 minutes.
Martin McGuinness issued an ultimatum in October saying he would not agree a programme for government after the assembly election if work on the A5 did not commence in 2016.
Almost £500m has been allocated to upgrade the Londonderry to Belfast and Londonderry to Dublin roads.
The Irish government said in November, after the Fresh Start deal, that it was willing to provide £75m towards modernising the A5.
Transport Minister Michelle McIlveen said on Thursday: "Today's announcement will begin a consultation process which, subject to successful completion of statutory procedures, will see construction start next year.
"This important project will not only have positive benefits for the local economy and construction industry but will also significantly improve safety and journey times for all road users."
Once the consultation period has concluded "a decision will be made on the need for a public inquiry on the scheme," said Ms McIlveen.
"I am currently seeking accelerated passage for the land acquisition and compensation bill. This would bring compensation levels for landowners in Northern Ireland affected by compulsory land purchase on a par with England and Wales."


The Church of England's general synod has backed a report proposing a historic agreement with the Church of Scotland.

The Columba Declaration paves the way for future joint working between the two churches.
It came after the moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland addressed the synod.
It is believed to be the first time a serving moderator has been invited to speak at the Church's governing body.
The Right Rev Dr Angus Morrison told the gathering in London:  "The strengthening of the bonds which already exist between us can only serve the 'advance of the Gospel' which is our united desire and aim."
The declaration sets out how members and clergy will be allowed to worship and exercise ministry in each other's churches.
It will also offer opportunities for congregational partnership, formal and informal, where there are churches close to each other.
Members voted 243 votes to 50 to approve the document at the synod.
The Bishop of Chester, the Right Reverend Dr Peter Foster, who co-chaired a study group which prepared the agreement, said:  "As our country has become more secular, we find ourselves drawn together as we face common problems, and opportunities.
"For all the ways in which our recognition and calling as national churches has had very different histories and legal structures, we have found that we have more in common, in our common tasks in mission, than we might have been led to suppose."
The report will now go to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in May for approval.


GB Bobsleigh performance director Gary Anderson is stepping back from some of his duties because of health issues.

However, Anderson will remain in his role with a focus on preparing for next year's Pyeongchang Winter Olympics.
Anderson's decision comes a few weeks after BBC Sport reported another senior GB Bobsleigh official was accused of making racist comments amid complaints over a "toxic atmosphere" in the sport.
GB Bobsleigh then had £48,198 of UK Sport funding cut earlier this month.
Anderson's decision is not linked to either situation, and he cited personal health concerns that needed "urgent attention", as well as "pressing family commitments".
"Being successful in South Korea is our main performance aim and I remain fully committed to ensuring that is the case," he added.
"I will be kept abreast of all performance matters and will still be in attendance at numerous summer training sessions, with some of my wider responsibilities designated to other members of my coaching team."
The British Bobsleigh and Skeleton Association said it was "fully supportive" of Anderson's decision.