Gareth Bale's trophy-winning experience with Real Madrid has aided Wales, says his former teammate Jermaine Jenas.

The 26-year-old won the Champions League for a second time on 28 May, before joining up with the Wales camp.
Wales face England on Thursday in their Group B showdown in Lens.
"It's something the England team have missed. That experience of playing in Europe, with different referees, types of environment and learning a different style of play," Jenas said.
He continued, "That's invaluable and Gareth has been able to do that. Not only that but he's winning things. The art of winning things at a big club where you're expected to win things, that always helps you."
Bale scored his penalty as Real beat Madrid rivals Atletico in a shoot-out to win the Champ[ions League for the second time in three years last month.
He scored direct from a free-kick to give Wales the lead in their 2-1 win against Slovakia on Saturday; a result which kept them top of the group following England's draw with Russia.
Jenas, who played with Bale at Tottenham Hotspur prior to the Cardiff-born player's world-record move to Real, says England will struggle to deal with him on the pitch.
"I don't know how they're going to cope with him, I imagine it's a conversation most clubs have had over a number of years," he told BBC Sport.
The former Newcastle and Tottenham midfielder continued, "I think the fact that he's so quick and strong, there's certain things you can't mark in the game."
Bale, who scored seven of Wales' 11 goals in qualifying to help them reach a first major international tournament in 58 years, gave Chris Coleman's side the lead from a free-kick from outside the box against Slovakia.
Five of England's 23-man Euro 2016 squad play for Tottenham Hotspur while defender Ben Davies received a call-up to Chris Coleman's Wales squad.
Harry Kane suffered a frustrating performance in England's 1-1 draw against Russia on Saturday, with teammate Eric Dier giving Roy Hodgson's side the lead from a free kick.
2015-16 Premier League top scorer Kane is confident that England can force a result against Wales in Thursday's showdown, but is aware of the threat Bale poses.
"Obviously Bale's a world class player as you've seen but they've got a good side," Kane told BBC Wales Sport. "If we play our game we're confident enough and we've got enough in our team to beat them."
Kane's Spurs teammate Ben Davies spared Wales' blushes in their opening game against Slovakia when he made last gasp block to deny Marek Hamsik from scoring within the opening two minutes.
The 23-year-old made 27 appearances for Spurs in 2015-16 and lined up alongside England's Danny Rose, Kyle Walker, Dele Alli and Eric Dier but is especially aware of Kane, who scored 25 league goals.
"I'm sure it will be some help [playing with Kane] but it's going to be difficult. He's been playing brilliantly for Spurs this season," Davies said.
"It does help to know how he plays but, with his quality, it will be difficult. It's up to us to work hard and try to stop him shooting at goal because that's what he does best."
Wales and Fulham forward George Williams played with Alli as a trainee at MK Dons and knows how much of a threat he, and the rest of England's Tottenham contingent, can be.
"We grew up together since the age of 10 and we're still best mates now and I'm delighted that we're both going to be in France," he told BBC Wales Sport.
"Any person from that team is going to be a danger, Dele especially. He can score and create goals and he'll be someone that we're going to have a look at."


Jeremy Paxman says he is "baffled" by students voting to boycott University Challenge over claims that a complaint about "misogynistic and sexist comments" was not taken seriously enough.

The University of Reading's students' union voted to boycott the show, after hearing claims relating to a previous appearance by the university's team.
Mr Paxman, presenter of the BBC2 quiz show, suggested that it might be about a comment made about a team mascot during a break in the recording.
The students' union at Reading University voted 120 to 105 in favour of adopting a policy of boycotting the quiz show.
The vote followed claims that concerns about a sexist comment had not been taken seriously - but the students' union said that because of a confidentiality agreement it could not disclose what had been said.
Mr Paxman has suggested that it might be about comments he made about a knitted mascot of himself.
"I have racked my brains to discover what on earth the Reading students' union is on about," said Mr Paxman.
"I think they're referring to a recording of University Challenge which took place in February 2015, though I am baffled at why it has become an issue a year-and-a-half later.
"There was a technical fault which meant we had to interrupt the recording, leaving all of us sitting at our desks in the studio while the problem was sorted out in the control gallery.
"In the conversation to fill the void - in a brightly lit studio, in front of all eight contestants, a full studio crew and an audience of several hundred spectators - I asked the Reading team about the mascot sitting on their desk.
"One of them said it was a hand-knitted Jeremy Paxman doll. Across the several yards separating the chairman's desk from the teams, I asked the whole team whether they took it to bed with them.
"Though no complaint was made at the time, this, apparently, is what has upset them."
The student union's education officer, Niall Hamilton, said that the concerns over what he called "sexist comments" had not been adequately addressed.
"Misogyny and sexism are not about 'offending' contestants, but undermining and oppressing individuals due to their gender," he wrote on the students' union website.
"These forms of oppression should not be taken lightly," wrote Mr Hamilton.
But the University of Reading says the programme is a "national institution" and will step in to ensure the university is represented in the contest.
"We want our brightest and best students competing against the top universities in the UK in front of millions of viewers - not waving the white flag and refusing to enter," said a University of Reading spokesman.
Reading teams have previously been organised by the university's students' union.
"The university now plans to step in and recruit a team, given the students' union has opted out," said the university spokesman.


Texas school officials are investigating a video apparently showing a police officer body-slamming a 12-year-old girl to the ground.

Janissa Valdez's classmates are heard yelling and laughing in the footage as she is thrown by the policeman, who handcuffs her and leads her away.
She told media in San Antonio that the other children were expecting a fight between her and another girl.
The officer has been placed on leave and is yet to comment.
The incident happened late last month but the footage went viral after being posted on a local blog.
A spokeswoman for the San Antonio Independent School District, Leslie Price, called the video "alarming", saying they were still gathering all the facts but that excessive force would not be tolerated.
The girl's mother Gloria told News4SA.com: "You could just hear where she hits the ground. And it's nothing but concrete, cement.
"I talked to the officer. He did what he had to do at the moment - those were his words."
Almost 31,000 police officers are based at US public schools, recent figures show.
Last year, a school resource officer was fired in South Carolina after he was seen throwing a female student across a classroom.


The families of 36 people who died in a New Year's Eve stampede in Shanghai will receive 800,000 yuan ($129,000; Â£85,000) each in compensation, local authorities say.

The deadly crush took place at the historic riverfront walk, the Bund, where huge crowds had gathered.
The announcement came on the same day investigators released a report into the incident.
Four district officials were fired for failing to prevent public risk.
Authorities said the 49 people injured in the crush would also be given payouts depending on their injuries, according to a statement on the Huangpu district authority's official microblog.
Families of the relatives have previously complained about being kept away from the media and from each other.
The four officials who lost their jobs were Zhou Wei, the Communist Party chief in Huangpu district, his deputy Peng Song, the district's public security chief and the deputy police chief.
Several other district officials were disciplined but no city-level officials have yet to face any disciplinary action.
The report released after the investigation described a series of events in which district police and officials were aware of growing crowds but failed to act or communicate the risk to higher authorities.
"The constant flow of people up and down the stairs caused a deadlock, then a surging wave," the report said, in reference to a stairway that connects an elevated promenade along the Bund.
"Pressure from the crowd going down increased, causing some at the bottom of the stairs to lose their balance and fall, leading to many people falling, overlapping, which caused the stampede," the report said.


A County Tyrone man who admitted beating his children with a belt has been given a combined probation and community service order.

He admitted charges of child cruelty by wilful ill-treatment and assault in a manner likely to cause unnecessary suffering or injury to health.
The offences occurred in 2012.
The NSPCC said the man had "inflicted injuries on his children" and it was "right" he was convicted.
The court had heard that the matter came to police attention after an anonymous call from a concerned member of the public to NSPCC.
"This case shows that it's imperative that adults concerned about a child's welfare do ask hard questions if there are any doubts about any injuries," said Neil Anderson, NSPCC's head of services in Northern Ireland.
"This is especially important in cases where the victim is too young to speak out and their only hope lies with those in positions of authority."
Earlier, the court also heard that the man has been classed at a high risk of reoffending, which the defence said was "slightly surprising".
"Clearly significant emotional damage has been caused," the judge said.
He added: "While this is a serious matter, I feel a combination order would be more beneficial to both the defendant and the community."
The man, who cannot be named to protect the identity of his children, was given a 12-month probation order with 100 hours of community service.
Previously, Dungannon Magistrates' Court heard that injuries to the man's son were noticed by a classroom assistant in his primary school.
The boy told her his father had hit him in the face causing the injuries.
The court heard the school decided not to report the incident and opted instead to monitor the situation.
However, social services then attended the school in relation to inquiries into domestic abuse in the children's home setting, and the previous incident was disclosed.
Just over four months later, an anonymous caller said they were told by the two children that their father beat them with a belt.
The court heard that his daughter initially said this had not happened, but later claimed both her father and step-mother beat her with a belt.
A medical examination said marks found on one of the children "could be consistent with belt marks".
In a video interview after the children were removed from the home, the son said both he and his sister were beaten with a belt by their father and step-mother.
He added that he was glad he did not have to go home, as he was afraid of his father.
He said his step-mother had told both children they were not to tell anyone about the beatings.
The court heard the father made no comments to police questions when he was arrested and failed to respond to photographs of the children's injuries.
He then told police that his son's allegations were lies and he had never beaten his children, although he accepted he had witnessed his wife strike the children.
In court, a defence barrister said his client accepted he used a belt to punish the children, but disputed that it caused injuries.


Zoe Smith broke two British records in her weightlifting World Championship final to boost her prospects of selection for the 2016 Rio Olympics.

Smith, 21, set a new 'snatch' personal best of 97kg in the -63kg weight division as she finished ninth overall.
Her subsequent 124kg 'clean and jerk' and overall total of 221kg beat Michaela Breeze's previous GB record.
However, GB need to secure more ranking points at the European Championships in April to secure a place in Rio.
That event, in Norway, represents the team's final opportunity to earn a sole berth for a British woman because they have not picked up enough points from the 2014 and 2015 Worlds.
Smith beat fellow Briton, 16-year-old Rebekah Tiler, who was 13th at the event in Houston, USA.
Tiler, who usually competes at -69kg, achieved 93kg in the 'snatch' and 118kg in the 'clean and jerk' phases.
Smith's placing at the event is the best result for a British lifter at a World Championships since Breeze came fifth in 2002.
"To be competing alongside some of the best in the world was a real privilege," said Smith on her Instagram account.
"Hopefully someday soon I'll give them a run for their money. Ninth place at the World Championships isn't too bad at all."
Two-time Commonwealth champion Breeze said: "That was a phenomenal effort.
"It's great to see her moving in the right direction heading towards Rio and I'm sure she'll go home now and say 'enough with the dieting, this is my weight'.
"We'll see them both go head-to-head at the Euros and it's going to one heck of a fight come that event."
China's Deng Wei set a new 'clean and jerk' world record of 146kg en-route to a total of 259kg which secured gold.
Russia's Tima Turieva claimed silver with 248kg as Hyo Sim Choe of North Korea took bronze with a combined total of 243kg.


A pipe bomb has exploded on the route of a road race in the US state of New Jersey, forcing the event to be cancelled but causing no injuries.

The bomb had been placed in a rubbish bin along the route of the 5km Semper Five run in Seaside Park.
The participants would have been in the area but the race had been delayed because of an unattended bag.
The charity race, in its third year, is in aid of Marines and sailors and this year attracted thousands of runners.
The blast occurred at about 09:30 local time (13:30 GMT) on a boardwalk area, which authorities sealed off.
State and federal law enforcement agencies are investigating the explosion.
NBC reported that a second device had been found. Ocean County sheriffs said that 30 homes near the site of the explosion were evacuated.
New Jersey State Police later said that no further explosive devices had been found, although officers "rendered safe" items in another rubbish bin, without giving further details.
Attorney General Christopher Porrino said: "We are grateful that nobody was injured, but this is a serious act of violence against the people of New Jersey. We will not rest until we find the person or persons responsible."
Three people were killed and 260 injured when bombs exploded at the finishing line of the Boston Marathon in 2013.


Memories of the Irish War of Independence that lay buried for years in a library vault have been resurrected for a new audience.

Personal stories of war, rebellion and the men and women who shaped Irish history in the last century, had lain hidden in an Armagh library for many years.
But the dust is being blown off a unique set of tape recordings, and a treasure of trove of memories has been unearthed.
The recordings feature people who played a role in Ireland's War of Independence - including some from Northern Ireland.
Voices captured on old-fashioned tapes that were gathering dust are being translated into digital form so that everyone can hear them afresh.
The recordings shine light on a pivotal time in the history of Ireland - the early 1900s, the Easter Rising and the War of Independence.
In one interview, Kathleen, the widow of Tom Clarke - one of the key figures of the 1916 Easter Rising tells about how she argued with him not to return to Ireland and his certain death.
Seamus Dobbyn, an Irishman who spent time in Lincoln jail,  tells of his role in breaking Eamon de Valera - one of the leading political figures in the history of 20th Century Ireland - out of prison.
Unique recordings charting the birth of the modern Republic of Ireland had lain in the vaults of the Cardinal Tomás Ó Fiaich library and archive in Armagh for many years,
The recordings were made by a priest, Fr Louis O'Kane, who combined his twin loves of history and audio technology and set out to capture the voices and the stories of people who had lived through Ireland's war of independence.
Fr O'Kane made his recordings in the 1960s and 1970s. He wanted to capture the memories and stories of those involved in Ireland's War of Independence.
One such figure was Kathleen Clarke. Her husband, Tom, is the first signatory on the Irish Proclamation of Independence.
He was executed after the Easter Rising in Dublin 1916. Most of the Irish leaders were executed. But they paved the way forward for a future Republic of Ireland.
In a convent in Dungannon, County Tyrone, in 1968, an elderly Kathleen Clarke told her story to Fr O'Kane.
His recording is crackly but quite clear. She tells him that she and Tom Clarke were living in America.
He wanted to return to Ireland to gain independence for the country.
He had already served many years in jail and she was opposed to their returning.
"I knew I'd lose him," she said and her words came true.
She also gives her view of Roger Casement and his role in the war for independence.
Another man, Seamus Dobbyn, tells Fr O'Kane about how he worked to break DeValera out of prison.
"I had to estimate where each soldier or warder was going, I had to try and estimate whether he was going out on leave. If you saw them sprucely dressed, then you knew. You would say then, 'There's 14 of them gone on leave'," he said.
He also described how a blackboard was set up to block the light and allow De Valera and the other men to escape without being seen.
Dobbyn told a story of how one of De Valera's fellow escapees was on the run in Dublin.
He was on a tram when a crowd of Black and Tan soldiers got on.
He hit on the ruse of giving his real name - they presumed this was just somebody trying to be smart, gave him a clout and sent him on his way.
Roddy Hegarty, director of the Tomás Ó'Fiaich Memorial Library and Archive, said the recordings were part of "our rich history" and would soon be available to a wide audience.
"Fr O'Kane was very interested in technology. In the 1960s and 1970s, that was audio recording and he use it to further his other interest, which was in history.
"He recorded veterans of the war of independence who had lived through the period from 1913 to 1923 and  who had been involved.
"What makes his collection unique is that he interviewed people who were northern veterans. These people had often been missed in many other attempts to collect the stories of these men down through the years."
Mr Hegarty said this resource would be of interest to amateur and professional historians.
"Up until now these recordings have been hidden away. For a generation or more no-one has heard these," he said.
"In many cases the families of those interviewed have never heard their own grandfather or great grandfather's voice. It is a great opportunity for them to engage with this.
"It is part of our rich and very complex history. It is only by listening to all parts of that story that we get a feel for what the story was like in totality.
"This is an opportunity for all people regardless of their background to learn something more about the past."


Two young college student poets, Hannah Halpern and Amina Iro, are talking about their faith.

Nothing unusual there, you might think.
But one writes about Allah and her mosque, the other about her synagogue and the Star of David.
The two met at a Washington DC youth slam poetry event and write and communicate about their faiths in ways that aim to engage and provoke their audiences.
It's a type of dialogue that will be much needed now, after the killings in Paris and the attack on a kosher supermarket there.
The young poets were taking part in a session at Limmud, which has been likened to a Jewish Edinburgh festival, Hay and Glastonbury rolled into one and is held on Warwick University campus just before New Year.
Limmud (from the Hebrew word for "learning") began life in 1980 and now has some 50 offshoots around the world.
In the UK this year, it drew over 2,500 people from 27 countries - all the more remarkable given the relatively small size of the UK's Jewish community, which numbers under 300,000 people, a community with close links to Jewish families in Paris and elsewhere in France.
The question of identity and security was tackled in many of Limmud's discussions, as Judaism and the role, lives and place of Jewish people in Europe and across the world was examined from every perspective, from the historical to the feminist, and from the religious to the secular.
Even before the Paris attacks, there were worries over a sharp rise in anti-Semitism in the UK and mainland Europe in 2014, during and after the latest conflict in Gaza.
In France, the killing of Jewish schoolchildren in Toulouse in 2012 by a Frenchman of Algerian descent, and the murders of four people inside the Jewish museum in Brussels by another Frenchman of Algerian descent in May 2014 heightened fears amongst the Jewish community in France and elsewhere.
The uneasy mood was articulated by BBC's director of television, Danny Cohen, at a conference in Jerusalem last year.
He said he had "never felt so uncomfortable as a Jew in the UK", as figures showed that anti-Semitic incidents in Britain also rose to record annual levels in 2014.
Mr Cohen said levels of hatred were on the rise across Europe.
"You've seen the number of attacks rise, you've seen murders in France, you've seen murders in Belgium. It's been pretty grim actually."
The killings at Charlie Hebdo in Paris last week have further focused attention on radical Islamism in Europe, and the safety of Jewish communities in France, Germany and the UK.
At one Limmud seminar, Michael Whine, of the Community Security Trust (CST), which seeks to protect Jewish communities and offer advice on security, sought to place last summer's figure in a wider European perspective, citing research by the Institute for Jewish Policy Research showing that Jewish people in the UK felt safer than those in France.
However, CST figures still showed a significant rise in both verbal and physical attacks on Jewish people in the UK in 2014 compared with 2013, with 543 recorded in July and August 2014 alone - although the percentage of violent attacks - 7% - did not rise in the UK, unlike France.
Over the weekend, Ephraim Mirvis, Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth, joined the march in Paris, and the memorial service at the Great Synagogue there.
He said he was pleased to have the opportunity "to express solidarity with the people of France and the French Jewish Community".
"We stand together at this time challenging time."
The Senior Rabbi to the Movement for Reform Judaism in the UK, Laura Janner-Klausner, also went to Paris.
She travelled with a Muslim colleague to join the march with well over a million others, to show solidarity with the French, of all faiths and none.
She said they wanted to demonstrate that all communities could work together to counter the hatred and extremism manifested in the attacks last week.
"Some parts of the Jewish community in Paris were still suffering from the trauma of what happened there," she said.
"Some had heard the shots being fired at Charlie Hebdo, so they were frightened.
"Some were tearful, and emotional. But they were not saying, 'Now we are going to pack our bags and leave.'
"They were saying,' This is our home, and we don't want the narrative to be that we are leaving because of this.'"
Nonetheless, she said that anti-Semitism in France was more obvious and public than in the UK.
"There, the anti-Semitism can be palpable, whereas in Britain what we generally experience is a wonderful sense of integration.
"This is where we live, this is where we want our children to go to school and grow up. If the worst happened in the UK, which it could, this is still our home."
Many believe that the legacy of France's colonial history in north Africa still drives much of the anti-Semitism evident there.
Some Muslim immigrants from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia - even now in the second and third generation - continue to feel excluded from the mainstream in France.
Many live very separate lives in the grimmer suburbs around Paris and other major cities, where unemployment is high and prospects are often limited.
Jewish immigrants to France from north Africa often integrated faster and have sometimes enjoyed better economic prospects, leading to tensions between the two.
At the same time, both communities often live side by side, but remain in many cases divided by the perception amongst some younger Muslims that while they struggle to be accepted in France as truly French, Jewish families have not had as much of an uphill task.
Yet some 7,000 French Jewish people chose to leave for Israel last year, a record number, thanks partly to a rise in anti-Semitic attacks, although a dearth of jobs and economic stagnation may also have played its part.
Some French Jewish people have also moved to London, to seek work or education there.
In the UK this week, the CST said there would be increased police patrols in Jewish areas, as a visible reassurance to the community.
The hope is that it is only a precaution, not a necessity, with Jewish-Muslim relations in the UK enjoying a more harmonious history than in France.
In the UK, Justin Cohen, news editor of the Jewish News, says that nonetheless: "British Jews are still on edge following the huge increase in anti-Semitism last summer, and the horrific events in Paris have heightened tensions.
"Still, there is a clear difference between that and the levels of hate faced by the community in France.
"And it is absolutely not the case that British Jews are packing their bags to leave, as is the case across the Channel.
"Nevertheless, members of the British Jewish community are all too aware that, alongside US, British and Israeli sites, Jewish ones are high up in the target list for Islamist fundamentalists.
"Jewish schools and institutions will be going about their usual business today, but with this and fresh calls for vigilance uppermost in their minds."
The worry remains that the virulent strain of Islamist extremism that exploded on to the world stage again so violently in France last week is an ideology that can be used by extremists anywhere to seek to divide communities, different faiths and societies across the world.
The challenge now for many is how to strengthen interfaith ties to resist that attempt.


An 11-year-old girl with a neurological disability was handcuffed and put in leg restraints while being held in custody, the police watchdog has found.

The girl was detained for a total of 60 hours without an appropriate adult by Sussex Police in 2012.
Her mother, known as Ms H, said it had been "nothing short of a nightmare".
A number of officers and staff members had a case to answer for misconduct, the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) said.
Sussex Police said it would respond to any "new learning" identified.
In a statement through her solicitors, Ms H said: "My daughter's contact with the police in 2012 was nothing short of a nightmare for both of us.
"At the time her disability meant that she could behave in very challenging ways, but what she needed was patience, respect and the support of her mother.
"Instead she was locked up in a police station without me or anyone else who knew her for support.
"I know that some of the officers were doing their best, but I cannot understand why others thought it was appropriate to put an 11-year-old girl in handcuffs and leg restraints.
"I can't accept that it will ever be appropriate for the police to hood a disabled child, regardless of how they behave.
"I call on Sussex Police to stop doing this to children immediately."
The girl, named Child H in the IPCC's report, was arrested three times and detained under the Mental Health Act once between 2 February and 2 March 2012.
Her disability had not been diagnosed at the time of the police contact, but her mother had told officers she believed she had an autism spectrum disorder.
Despite this, the IPCC found she was twice held overnight in police cells, without a parent, guardian or social worker present to support her.
She was also restrained using a mesh anti-spit hood, handcuffs and leg straps.
The watchdog made a number of recommendations after its investigation, including:
â€¢ Improved training on the use of force on children and adults with mental illness, to ensure the use of force is avoided wherever possible
â€¢ Additional training on detaining vulnerable people and the role of an appropriate adult
â€¢ Ensuring officers are accountable for their use of force
On a number of occasions, officers did not record any rationale for their use of force on the youngster, who has "a neurological disability which can cause challenging behaviour", inspectors said.
IPCC Commissioner Jennifer Izekor said: "This was a complex investigation, which found Sussex Police officers failed to respond effectively to the needs of a vulnerable child.
"While it is clear Child H had significant behavioural problems arising from her disability, Sussex Police and, indeed other agencies which were - or should have been - involved, did not appear to have the skills and capacity to respond to her effectively. The situation was exacerbated by the lack of understanding of Child H's complex needs."
Ms Izekor added she was pleased the force had engaged with Child H's family to improve any future dealings with her after the IPCC launched its investigation.
The force's temporary Deputy Chief Constable, Robin Smith, said: "As a chief officer I have a duty to protect officers and the public when we are called on for help, whether the threat comes from a child or someone who is unwell.
"This is very often the case and it was on several occasions that the girl's mother called for our help.
"The application of any type of restraint is considered only when the level of resistance causes concern for the safety of the detained person, the officer and other members of the public."


A group of Australian fishermen captured once in a lifetime pictures after helping a whale that approached their boats, north of Sydney, in Australia.

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14 August 2015 Last updated at 13:01 BST
The whale came so close to the boat, it was almost within touching distance.
It soon became clear that the whale had a fishing line and two plastic bags caught on it's head.
Fortunately the fisherman were able to remove the bag - and they even got a bit of a wave from the whale before it swam off.


Catholicism and conservatism go hand in hand in Latin America.

It is a region where the family is sacred and laws are made with that in mind.
But for many, those family ideals have been tested by the recent news that a 10-year-old girl in Paraguay was denied an abortion after allegedly being raped by her stepfather.
Under Paraguayan law, abortion is illegal unless the mother's life is in danger.
In this case, it was ruled that the 10-year-old's life was not in danger.
It is a ruling that has been heavily criticised by the United Nations' Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights which said that the country had failed to protect the girl.
According to the World Health Organisation, the main causes of death in adolescent girls in developing countries are pregnancy-related complications and childbirth.
Paraguay is not the only country in Latin America that restricts abortion.
In five countries abortion is outlawed completely and heavy restrictions such as those in Paraguay are in place across the region.
But this is not just an issue of competing liberal norms and conservative values.
It is mainly about inequality in a region where the gulf between rich and poor remains huge.
To access abortions, you either have to have the money to pay for illegal procedures or the funds to fly out of the country.
For the women who cannot afford that, the reality is far bleaker.
One doctor told me of a case in Central America where a woman put caustic soda inside her vagina.
It did not end her pregnancy, instead, she was so badly burned, she had to have a caesarean.
And these women still risk facing the legal consequences of what they do once they recover.
Erika Guevaras-Rosa is the Americas director for Amnesty International. She says strict abortion laws in Latin America criminalise poverty.
It is a view that is shared by several doctors I spoke to in El Salvador.
In fact, they could not name any cases of women who had been jail on abortion charges after attending a private hospital.
The reality is that if a woman pays for a service and knows her doctor, she can get the treatment she asks for.
But for those with no money for private care it is a different story. They often face discrimination when they should be getting support.
The fate of the 10-year-old girl in Paraguay is not unique.
There are many more across the region, such as the 11-year-old girl known only as "Belen" who became pregnant by her mother's partner in Chile two years ago.
Her story also stirred debate.
But Monica Arango from the non-profit advocacy group Center for Reproductive Rights says there are huge differences between Central and South America.
In her opinion, small steps are being made in South America to recognise women's rights.
Earlier this year, Chilean President Michelle Bachelet announced a plan to legalise abortion in cases of rape or when there is a threat to the mother's or the baby's life.
Ms Arango says Brazil and Argentina have also made small changes to their laws in recent months.
But she says Central America is a place where it is dangerous to be a woman of reproductive age.
During a recent visit to El Salvador, I met women who had lost their babies towards the end of their pregnancies.
Despite the fact they said they never aborted, their circumstances were viewed as suspicious.
Abortion is completely banned there and the consequences for those who are seen to be breaking the law are tough.
Some women I met had been locked up for as many as 40 years on abortion charges.
Without fail, the women I spoke to came from poor backgrounds; some were single mothers and many of them had been raped.
Some did not know they were pregnant and miscarried; others suffered complications at the end of their pregnancy and could not get help quick enough.
This is a major problem.
Many women from poorer backgrounds have problems accessing health services during their pregnancies.
It means they are not properly monitored and cannot always talk to doctors when necessary, or are afraid to do so.
One doctor in El Salvador told me that her pregnant friend called her in a panic one morning because she was bleeding.
Asked why she had not sought help earlier, the single mother with no money for private treatment just replied: "Are you crazy?".
She was scared that doctors at public hospitals would assume she was "just another single woman trying to abort her baby".
Such is the conservatism in places like El Salvador, it is not unheard of for single women to ask a male friend along to hospital to make it look like they are an upstanding couple.
As long as the Catholic Church remains strong, easing restrictions on abortion will remain a struggle and only those with the financial means will have the option to buy their way out of their predicament - an option which remains closed to many in this part of the world.


A French overseas territory in the Pacific, New Caledonia has seen deep divisions between its indigenous people the Kanaks, and its European population, most notably over the thorny question of independence.

Kanaks represent around 45% of the population while Europeans, most of whom were born in the territory, make up about a third.
Signed in 1998, the Noumea Accord set the timetable for a vote on the territory's independence from France to be held by the end of 2018.
As well as having one of the region's highest average incomes per capita, New Caledonia has around a quarter of the world's nickel deposits.
The archipelago's main island Grande Terre is ringed by a massive coral reef and is home to the capital, Noumea. Mountains divide the verdant east from a drier west. The territory boasts an abundance of plant and animal life.
Colonial buildings and fine beaches contrast with the infrastructure of the nickel industry.
Population 259,000
Area 18,575 sq km (7,172 sq miles)
Major languages French (official), Melanesian and Polynesian dialects
Major religions Christianity, indigenous beliefs
Life expectancy 74 years (men), 80 years (women)
Currency Pacific franc
Head of state: The President of France
President of government: Philippe Germain
Philippe Germain, of the anti-independence Caledonia Together party, was elected head of the territory's autonomous government in April 2015, ending a four-month political crisis.
The deadlock began after the previous executive led by Cynthia Lygeard collapsed in December 2014 over differences within the 11-member dominant anti-independence majority.
For months after, neither Mr Germain nor Ms Lygeard, from the rival anti-independence Front for Unity party, were able to win enough votes to be elected, until the pro-independence minority agreed to choose between them.
New Caledonia has a power-sharing executive elected by the territory's Congress, which ensures that all parties on it are represented in proportion to their number of seats in Congress.
After being elected, the executive then chooses its president from among its members.
At a national level, New Caledonia is represented in the French parliament by two deputies and two senators.
Private radio stations operate alongside TV and radio services provided by the French public overseas broadcaster, Reseau France Outre-mer (RFO).
1500 BC - First inhabitants are the Lapita people followed by the Polynesians in 1000 BC.
1774 - British explorer James Cook names the island New Caledonia after the Latin name for Scotland.
1853 - Annexed by France, which uses the territory as a penal colony. The discovery of nickel deposits leads the development of the mining industry.
1878 - Kanak revolt - The territory's indigenous people clash with French settlers over their loss of land, heralding further repression by the French.
1980s - Rising pro-independence sentiment leads to violent unrest.
1988 - Matignon Accord marks a reconciliation between Kanak and European communities by proposing an end to direct rule from Paris and a vote on independence in 1998.
1998 - Noumea Accord sets a timetable for the gradual transfer of responsibilities from France to the territory and postponing a planned 1998 referendum on independence to between 2014-2019.
2006 - French parliament votes to restrict voting rights of French citizens in the territory - long sought by Kanaks.


The Channel 4 News presenter Jon Snow has recalled how he was abducted and abused by a member of staff at his school when he was six years old.

In a blog post on the Channel 4 website, Snow said the Jimmy Savile scandals had forced him to confront his own experience.
Snow praises the "courageous individuals" who have come forward in the wake of the scandal.
He says no effort should be spared in responding to them.
Snow had previously written in his autobiography about the 1953 incident but said the "swirl of allegation and denial" at the current time forced many to "relive the abuse inflicted upon them".
"I know this in part because in a small way I too was a victim as a child," he said.
"This is a dramatic moment in the affairs of men and women; we shall all be tested. But don't underestimate what this time means to the abused.
"I know, I was six years old when a member of the domestic staff at the school, where my father taught, abducted me.
'Witch-hunt'
"He took me to his room and undressed me, and then himself. Thank heavens someone saw the abduction and eventually a member of staff intervened and rescued me.
"I remember to this day fretting over not being able to do my braces up. And I admit that I have found Savile regurgitating the guilt and confusion that I felt."
The news anchor, 65, stressed the importance of treading with "diligence and great care" in handling allegations of sexual assault.
"No amount of effort in responding to complainants must be spared, but neither must it be allowed to become a witch-hunt. We face some delicate balances in which the welfare of many is at stake. But I suspect the journey has only just begun," he said.
Jimmy Savile is alleged to have committed over 200 offences over 50 years, a report revealed in January.
The NSPCC said Savile, a former BBC DJ and presenter who died in 2011, had been one of the most prolific sex offenders in its 129-year history.
A spokeswoman for the child protection charity told the BBC the Savile revelations had caused hundreds of people who had been abused as children to contact them.
She said: "Hearing that Savile's victims had come forward gave them the strength to tell us what had happened to them. Many were speaking out for the first time.
"We know from our work with victims of child abuse that it is not unusual for them to be silenced for years because of fear and shame. Also they are often worried they will not be believed or taken seriously.
"No more children should have to suffer like this.  We would urge anyone who is worried that a child is being abused to contact the NSPCC helpline on 0808 800 5000 for help and advice."


Legal measures to protect UK troops from "spurious" claims of misconduct have been unveiled by the government.

The change in policy, announced at the Conservative conference, would mean parts of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) could be suspended during future conflicts.
Defence Secretary Michael Fallon said the legal system had been abused "to falsely accuse our armed forces".
The MoD has spent more than Â£100m on Iraq-related claims since 2004.
Speaking at the Tory conference in Birmingham, Mr Fallon said: "This is not about putting our armed forces above the law, they wouldn't want that. They have to comply with the criminal law of this country and, of course, with the Geneva conventions.
"Serious claims must be investigated, but spurious claims will be stopped and our armed forces will now be able to do their job fighting the enemy and not the lawyers."
Two separate inquiries are currently examining about 2,000 allegations against troops who served in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Much of the litigation comes from claims under the ECHR, the government said.
The changes would mean that in future conflicts, subject to a vote of both Houses of Parliament, the UK would "derogate" from Article Two (right to life) and Article Five (right to liberty) of the ECHR.
Troops would still be subject to other articles of the convention, including a prohibition on torture, and the changes would not affect retrospective cases.
Prime Minister Theresa May told BBC Breakfast: "What we've seen is a whole industry of lawyers chasing after our troops and trying to bring claims against them, many of which are vexatious claims, and we want to put an end to that."
The former Conservative Attorney General Dominic Grieve welcomed the proposal, but said it was not a "magic formula" which would suddenly ensure British military personnel would not face claims in future.
Conservative MP and former Army officer Thomas Tugendhat told Radio 4's Today programme the government was "restoring the appropriate law".
"To do otherwise would be to equate the beaches of Normandy to downtown Brighton and that would be absurd," he said.
But human rights lawyer Jocelyn Cockburn disagreed, telling Today she didn't think the government's decision would "protect soldiers from allegations of abuse".
She said the ability to suspend certain parts of the ECHR was "not a new or novel thing", and reiterated certain elements of the convention would still apply.
One example, she said, enabled lawyers to continue to pursue ongoing cases against the MoD in which it was accused of "failing to protect the right to life of soldiers by supplying inadequate equipment".
There has been criticism of the scale of claims lodged using legal aid with the Iraq Historic Allegations Team (IHAT), which was set up to examine serious accusations following the 2003 invasion.
The team, headed up by former senior civilian police officer Mark Warwick, has considered at least 1,514 possible victims - of whom 280 are alleged to have been unlawfully killed.
The claims range from ill-treatment during detention to assault and death by shooting.
One of the most famous cases to be disproved was based on accusations that up to 20 Iraqis were killed and mutilated after a 2004 battle.
This led to the Â£34m Al-Sweady inquiry in 2014, which ruled the allegations were "deliberate lies" based on "reckless speculation".
But a number of cases have also been found to have merit - and in September, a judge condemned four UK soldiers who "forced" an Iraqi boy into a canal and let him drown.
The planned crackdown has been criticised by Lt Col Nicholas Mercer, the former chief legal adviser for the Army in Iraq, who said it was wrong "simply to polarise it as money-grabbing lawyers".
"There are plenty of us who have raised our concerns without any financial motive at all, if indeed the other lawyers have got a financial motive," he said in January.
"The government have paid out Â£20m for 326 cases to date. Anyone who has fought the MoD knows that they don't pay out for nothing."
It was also recently revealed that an independent policing unit set up to investigate alleged war crimes by British troops in Afghanistan had received around 600 complaints.
The cases being probed are said to include that of a Taliban bombmaker who claims his arrest and detention was illegal.
The move was welcomed by Reg Keys, whose 20-year-old son Tom was killed while guarding a police station in Iraq in 2003.
He has been involved in a campaign against the legal cases, and said: "I would like to think that those already under threat of prosecution will be looked at again".
For Labour, shadow defence secretary Clive Lewis said: "Michael Fallon's speech was a smokescreen, designed to deflect from the Tories legacy of failure on defence.
"The reality is their devastating cuts since 2010 have weakened and demoralised our Armed Forces, leaving them poorly-equipped, over-stretched, under-paid and too often living in squalid conditions."


The world's aircraft manufacturers, with giants Airbus and Boeing at the helm, are at the Dubai Airshow this week.

With more than 1,000 exhibitors from 50 countries, it would be natural to assume that the biennial show is becoming increasingly international.
Indeed, in many ways this is so. These days, about one in five of its visitors have flown in from outside the Middle East region.
But in terms of the exhibitors' countries of origin, the airshow is increasingly becoming a local affair.
This year, more than a third (35%) of the exhibitors come from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In 1989 they made up just 5%.
As such, the show "really reflects the UAE's development in aerospace over the last 40 years", reasons Alison Weller, managing director of show organiser F&E Aerospace.
There are now a slew of airlines in the UAE - which was formed in December 1971- as well as in neighbouring countries and states.
Dubai's neighbour - and in many respects, rival - Abu Dhabi has started manufacturing complex plane parts made from composite materials, the latest in the UAE's efforts to establish itself as a technology and manufacturing base.
The emirate is even developing new and massive passenger and cargo airports as part of the embryonic 140sq km (54sq miles) Dubai World Central "aerotropolis", which will enable it to expand beyond its already vast Dubai International airport.
Aerospace companies, regardless of where they are based, serve global markets.
And it seems the industry's long-term outlook remains bright - in spite of the economic turbulence that has buffeted both the world economy and its airlines in recent months.
"Despite the current uncertainty, production rates are increasing further in the next three years for the most popular [aircraft] types," observes Eddy Pieniazek from the aviation consultancy Ascend.
Gulf carriers are doing their bit to fuel demand, with Emirates, Qatar and others from the region expected to place orders worth billions of dollars during the show.
This is partly because demand for flights is anticipated to continue to soar in the years ahead, as the number of people flying rises in line with economic growth in some of the world's most populous regions.
"This is a real growth story," says Airbus sales chief John Leahy, referring to the aircraft manufacturer's latest forecast, which predicted that air traffic will double over the next 20 years, with airlines buying $3.5 trillion (Â£2.2 trillion) worth of planes to cope.
Demand for new planes is also driven by the airlines' urge to reduce their fuel bills, so this has become a major driver behind an anticipated slew of fresh orders from airlines at the Dubai show, predicts Mr Pieniazek.
"Fleet renewal is driven by the need for more fuel-efficient aircraft," he explains.
At current levels, jet fuel accounts for about a third of most carriers' costs, so fuel bills are putting a painful squeeze on their profit margins.
This year, the airline industry expects to make profits of just $4bn, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) predicts, marking a drop of some 78% from the $18bn it clocked up in 2010.
"On anticipated revenues of $598bn, this gives a net industry [profit] margin of only 0.7%," Les Weal, Ascend's valuations director, calculates.
IATA's estimate puts the margin slightly wider at 1.2%, but that is still "paltry", according to Tony Tyler, the industry body's director general and chief executive.
"Airlines are competing in a very tough environment and 2012 will be even more difficult," he says.
"The industry is brittle. Any shock has the potential to put us in the red."
Aviation finance
The overall picture is thus mixed.
On the one hand, airlines are facing up to the here and now, struggling to make money in the short term because of high costs, combined with downward pressure on prices from consumers preoccupied with the ongoing economic crisis.
"Some airlines are bracing for a slowdown in business traffic, even in Asia," acknowledges Mr Leahy.
But "all we are talking about is a softening in the growth rate", he continues, pointing to how airlines with vision are simultaneously engaged in detailed discussions with financiers to raise more funds to buy more planes.
"There is a need for up to $800bn to finance new deliveries in the next 10 years," according to Ascend's Mr Pieniazek.
That could help bolster the recovery for the airshow's host Dubai, which suffered an economic slump a couple of years ago that was so severe it had to ask for economic assistance from Abu Dhabi.
Dubai's ambition to become a globally important financial centre remains intact, and a deeper engagement in aviation finance could help speed up progress both for the sector as well as for Dubai as a whole.
UAE aerospace companies exhibiting at the show will also play a part, eager to both bolster and benefit from the anticipated aviation boom.
"The main objective of the [show] is to provide a platform for exhibitors to network with the aerospace industry and market here in the Middle East," says F&E Aerospace's Ms Weller.
The Dubai Airshow runs from 13 to 17 November 2011.


Eileen Paisley, the wife of Ian Paisley, has said she "could not go out of her way" to vote for the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) in an election.

She told BBC Talkback that she would only vote for the DUP if the candidate was "somebody very special" or if they were "giving the best option".
She also told the programme that her late husband felt "betrayed" over his exit from the party he founded.
Mr Paisley led the DUP until he stood down in 2008.
He and his wife had previously criticised the party and church in a BBC documentary in 2014. He died later that year.
In an in-depth interview broadcast on BBC Radio Ulster's Talkback programme, Mrs Paisley said that his exit from the party and church was "very hurtful because Ian had given the best years of his life".
"We did talk about it and I think it was worth it," she said.
"I mean Christ was betrayed, so we can't expect anything better from people - humanity is what it is.
"I'm disappointed in it, what they did.
"But I just have to let it be, I don't dwell on it because it would grieve me too much and I'm not going to let anything like that get in on my life.
"And Ian was the same, we didn't let it get in on us.
"We lived through it and we got on with our own lives and they didn't take his happiness away nor mine nor our family's.
"But these things leave a scar on your mind and your heart really."
Mrs Paisley also talked about her late husband's relationship with Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness and recalled the moment he visited their home at the time of Mr Paisley's death.
"He went in and bowed his head [over the coffin] and was quite emotional about it," she said.
"I think that says a lot, because you can't put that sort of thing on, he was genuine.
"I think that speaks volumes for the influence Ian had on him and for the absolutely unique friendship that came about between them."
Baroness Paisley's interview on BBC Radio Ulster's Talkback is available to hear again on the BBC Radio iPlayer.


New stone benches to prevent a Berlin-style terror attack will see a century-old tree cut down in Birmingham city centre, the council has said.

The London Plane, in Broad Street, is thought to be the city centre's oldest tree at up to 140 years old.
It will be felled as part of a Â£10m revamp of Centenary Square.
More than 1,000 people backed a petition to save the tree, the last of 99 commissioned by former mayor Joseph Chamberlain.
Another 24 trees in the area - which is close to popular sites such as Birmingham's library and the Repertory Theatre - will also be cut down, but 59 new ones will be planted to offset the losses.
More on this and other stories from Birmingham and the Black Country
The decision was made at a full meeting of the city council.
Ian Ward, deputy leader of the authority, said the depth of the foundations for the benches - which will run along the edge of a water feature in the square - would affect the roots of the London Plane tree.
"It's a very historic tree and no-one wants to see any tree removed needlessly, but in this case it is to do with keeping the public safe," he said.
In December a lorry was deliberately driven into Berlin's Christmas market, killing 12 people. It has led to towns and cities across the UK taking steps to protect public areas from similar attacks.
Mr Ward said other counter-terror measures would be worked into the square alongside the benches, with work at the site expected to be unveiled in 18 months.


Two Libyan soldiers who were training in the UK took turns to rape a man in a Cambridge park after leaving their barracks unsupervised, a court heard.

Moktar Ali Saad Mahmoud, 33 and Ibrahim Abugtila, 23, were stationed at Bassingbourn, Cambridgeshire, when the alleged attacks took place in October.
Prosecutor John Farmer told Cambridge Crown Court they were "like two hunting dogs who had seen a wounded animal".
The pair deny rape and aiding and abetting rape.
More than 300 trainees arrived at Bassingbourn in June but were sent home early in November after the allegations came to light.
Up to 2,000 soldiers had been due to undergo basic infantry and junior command training at the barracks under an agreement reached at the 2013 G8 summit.
The scheme was intended to support the Libyan government's efforts to improve the security and stability of the country, following the collapse of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi's regime in 2011.
Opening the case, Mr Farmer said the pair met their alleged victim, aged in his 20s and a "complete stranger", in the centre of the city at 03.26 GMT on 26 October.
The victim had left a wedding party after drinking "formidable" amounts of alcohol and was seen on CCTV being led to Christ's Pieces by the defendants.
Mr Farmer said: "He was in no fit state one way or another to consent.
"They behaved like two hunting dogs who had seen a wounded animal.
"They effectively took him over and, initially not using too much force and later more forcefully, kept him going in the direction they wanted him to go."
Once at the park, each of the defendants raped the man while the other held him down, the jury was told.
The attacks are said to have taken 38 minutes and the man contacted police to report them minutes after the men fled.
Mr Farmer said the defendants accepted they had sex with the man, but said he consented.
The pair claim the man made up the allegation after stealing money from them, Mr Farmer said.
The trial continues.


Begging and rough sleeping could be banned in Newport city centre in a bid to make the area more appealing.

Newport council said it had consulted on the plans at a time when efforts were being made to improve the area, including building a shopping centre.
It said the issues were among the most frequent concerns reported to Gwent Police and the fire service.
But human rights organisation Liberty said a ban would "criminalise the most vulnerable in the city".
The organisation has written to council leader Bob Bright to express its concerns.
Rosie Brighouse, legal officer for Liberty, said: "These proposals make a mockery of Newport's Chartist legacy."
The council wants to introduce a new Public Spaces Protection Order to tackle anti-social behaviour ahead of the opening of the new Friar's Walk shopping centre next month.
It has consulted with members of the public about what they would like to see included, such as a ban on begging, rough sleeping, dogs who are not on leads and leafleting in the city centre.
Councillor Bob Poole, cabinet member for regulatory functions, said the council was trying to make the city centre a more appealing place to visit.
"Few people in Newport will have failed to notice the changes taking place in the heart of the city centre, most notably Friar's Walk retail development due to open in November and arguably the most significant investment in Newport's recent history," he said.
"It is perhaps timely, against this background of positive change, that this new piece of legislation offers the city and its residents the chance to build on that momentum by ensuring that the experience of people visiting the city centre is a positive one."
The council has so far received 350 responses to the consultation and said all views would be taken into consideration before a final decision was made.
It added it was committed to helping homeless people and was working with other services to address the "underlying needs of those affected in this way".
The proposals will be discussed by the council's scrutiny committee on 15 October.


Ikea has agreed to pay $50m (£40m) to the families of three toddlers killed in the US by falling chests of drawers, according to lawyers for the families.

The lawyers said the payout, one of the biggest of its kind, reflected the seriousness of the case.
Camden Ellis, 2, Curren Collas, 2, and 23-month-old Ted McGee were crushed after Malm drawers from Ikea toppled onto them.
Ikea confirmed a "tentative settlement" had been reached.
"The settlement is not yet approved by the court and it would be inappropriate for us to comment on it at this time," the Swedish furniture firm said in a statement.
In June, Ikea issued a recall for millions of Malm chests of drawers in North America.
Initially, the company had warned customers to use wall mounts with them, but the third death in February prompted the recall.
Lawyers at Feldman Shepherd said the $50m would be split evenly between the families.
They added that, as part of the settlement, Ikea had also agreed to make three separate $50,000 donations to hospitals in memories of the children and a $100,000 contribution to a charity focused on child safety.
"This is one of the biggest recoveries in a child death case, a reflection in part of the seriousness of what happened," Alan Feldman, a partner at the law firm, told the BBC.
"Three toddlers were crushed to death in three entirely preventable accidents," he added.
Camden Ellis, from Washington State, was found trapped under a three-drawer Malm in June 2014, the law firm said.
Curren Collas, from Pennsylvania, was crushed by a six-drawer Malm in February 2015, and Theodore McGee was killed by the same sized chest a year later.
Under the settlement, Ikea has agreed to only sell chests in the US that meet or exceed the national voluntary safety standard for clothing storage units, the law firm said.
It added that Ikea would also spend more to raise awareness of the problem, including TV adverts, internet and digital communications and in-store warnings.
The deaths prompted the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to launch an education campaign about the risk of falling chests of drawers.


Authorities in South Africa have opened an investigation after a temporary pedestrian bridge collapsed over a motorway in Johannesburg killing two.

"Corrective action will be taken against those responsible," said city's Mayor Parks Tau.
Wednesday's rush-hour incident happened on the main highway linking Johannesburg to the capital, Pretoria.
The BBC's Pumza Fihlani in Johannesburg says efforts to reopen the busy M1 motorway are continuing.
Traffic between Johannesburg and Pretoria has been severely disrupted by the accident that happened near a busy slip road close to the Sandton financial district.
The temporary bridge linked Sandton to the poorer area of Alexandra - and had been put in place while a permanent bridge was being built.
Spokesman for the mayor's office Makhudu Sefara has told the BBC that 21 people were injured - with six remaining in hospital, three of whom are receiving treatment in intensive care units.
Mayor Tau told reporters at the scene of the accident that the building of a permanent bridge would continue because it remained an important link for the city.
Both the construction company, Murray & Roberts, as well as South Africa's Labour Department have begun separate investigations to determine what caused the bridge to collapse.


The Dolby sound inventor has left £35m to his former Cambridge college in "the largest single gift so far" to the university's fundraising campaign.

US-born Ray Dolby received his PhD from Cambridge University and was a research fellow at Pembroke College. He also met his wife Dagmar at the university.
His San Francisco-based laboratories "revolutionised the audio quality of music".
The gift will be used to create the Ray and Dagmar Dolby Court.
A spokesman for the university said Pembroke College and three other yet-to-be-confirmed colleges are hoping to "pursue a joint development of the historic Mill Lane and Old Press site" with "the intention to provide new graduate accommodation for the four colleges".
Mr Dolby died aged 80 in 2013.
Mrs Dolby said the university "played a pivotal role in Ray's life, both personally and professionally... and we also began a wonderful lifetime together there".
Source: Dolby.com
The university and colleges of Cambridge launched a £2bn fundraising campaign in October.
They want to create new professorships, transform the Biomedical Campus and increase their student population to help them compete with richer US institutions.
A total of £590m has been raised from 30,000 donors so far, but Mr Dolby's legacy is "the largest single gift so far".


A female cyclist has died in a crash with a tipper truck in London.

The collision happened just before 09:00 BST and the woman, 26, was pronounced dead at the scene.
City of London Police shut the Bank junction for four hours and said the cyclist's next of kin were being told.
She is the eighth cyclist to die on London's roads this year. Transport for London (TfL) said every death was "one too many" and it was "committed to making all roads safer for everyone".
Leon Daniels, from TfL, said the organisation's "deepest sympathies go out to the family and friends" of the cyclist who "tragically lost her life".
"Every death on London's road is one too many and we are committed to making all roads safer for everyone," Mr Daniels added.
"We will do all we can to help assist the police and the local highway authority as they investigate this terrible incident."
On Friday, a 50-year-old cyclist died after colliding with a car in Harrow.
Other cyclist fatalities in recent months include 32-year-old Esther Hartsilver, who was killed in a crash in Camberwell, and designer Moira Gemmill who died in a collision with an HGV close to Lambeth Bridge.
Last year a total of 13 cyclists were killed on the city's roads and 14 died in 2013.
Statistically, the number of cyclist injured or killed on London's roads has fallen.
TfL figures released earlier this month show 432 cyclists were seriously injured or killed on the roads in 2014 - the lowest level since records began.
London Cycling Campaign's (LCC) chief executive, Ashok Sinha, said the group was "deeply saddened" to hear of the news.
"Without knowing the precise circumstances of today's tragedy, fatalities like this underline how urgently we need proper, protected space for cycling, especially at junctions," he said.
The campaign group, which said seven of the eight cycling deaths in London this year have involved HGVs, with construction lorries being the main type of vehicle involved, is calling for safer lorry designs to be adopted.
It described the six-way junction at Bank as a "dreadful throwback to a past, car-dominated era".
Darren Johnson, Green Party member of the London Assembly, said delays in making junctions safer - such as plans to improve Lambeth junction, consulted upon in 2012 as part of the Mayor of London's Better Junction program - were "costing Londoners lives".
He said "again and again" plans were discussed and safety improvements were "shelved".
"The result is that dangerous junctions stay dangerous and inevitably someone dies, or is seriously injured," he added.


The League of Ireland Premier Division will be reduced from 12 teams to 10 for the 2018 season, the Football Association of Ireland has announced.

This means the bottom three teams in 2017 will be relegated with only the First Division champions promoted.
The decisions followed a recommendation by the representative body of the Premier Division clubs.
The FAI has also commissioned two reports into the overall structure of the League in recent years.
"From the Consultation Process Report, a number of recommendations have started to be implemented, including, aiding clubs with strategic/business plans, focus on facility development, recruitment of a marketing executive, establishment of a marketing group with club representation and restructuring of the League format," said an FAI statement.
A new league website will also be launched for the 2017 season.


Former Chelsea forward Eidur Gudjohnsen has been named in Iceland's Euro 2016 squad at the age of 37.

Gudjohnsen, who has also played for Barcelona, Bolton, Stoke and Fulham, has been with Norwegian club Molde since February.
His short spell with Chinese Super League club Shijiazhuang Ever Bright ended in November 2015.
Iceland co-manager Lars Lagerback said: "If he hadn't found a club in January, he would not have been picked."
Listen: Iceland can be a Euro 2016 surprise, says Bergsson
Gudjohnsen, who has won 84 caps for Iceland, is arguably his country's most celebrated player, having enjoyed an international career spanning 20 years, in addition to winning two Premier League titles with Chelsea and the Champions League and La Liga with Barcelona.
He retired from international football in November 2013 after Iceland lost a 2014 World Cup play-off to Croatia, but was recalled in March 2015.
Gudjohnsen played three of Iceland's 10 Euro 2016 qualifying matches, scoring one goal as they reached a major tournament for the first time.
He moved to Molde - coached by former Manchester United striker and Cardiff manager Ole Gunnar Solskjaer - with the intention of playing regular games in order to secure a Euro 2016 place.
Heimir Hallgrimsson, who co-manages Iceland with Lagerback, said: "He has taken a step up at Molde. He looks fitter and has shown the desire necessary."


About 125 jobs are to be created after the Department for Communities (DFC) won a £7m contract to deliver services.

The new employees will be based at the Lisahally Service Centre near Londonderry and will help deliver Universal Credit services to claimants in England, Scotland and Wales.
The contract, from the Department for Work and Pensions, is agreed initially for two years.
It is expected some of the posts will be filled internally.
A spokesperson for the Department for Communities said: "This is good news for DfC and for Northern Ireland, bringing to 594 the number of new jobs secured by the Department over the past year to deliver Department for Work Pensions (DWP) services.
"This third major contract for DfC is testament to the continued confidence DWP has in our capacity to provide high quality services for customers in Great Britain."


A complaint against Peter Robinson that has been referred to the Metropolitan Police has been dismissed by his spokesman as a "childish prank".

The Met has been asked to take on an investigation into the complaint made by Belfast businessman Peter Curistan.
The commissioner of the London force received the request in a letter from the Police Service of Northern Ireland.
The complaint relates to remarks the first minister made in the House of Commons in 2006 while he was an MP.
Mr Curistan's lawyers allege there is a case to answer in respect of "misfeasance in public office", which they claim is not covered by parliamentary privilege.
They claim Mr Robinson, the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) leader, has falsely linked the developer of Belfast's Odyssey complex to "IRA dirty money" and that has had "enormous consequences" on his business life.
The PSNI has told Mr Curistan's legal team the request was made to the Met because "the alleged offences took place in London".
Misfeasance in public office is where a public body, an individual in public office or a public servant acts unlawfully, knows that they are acting unlawfully and does so knowing that his or her actions are likely to cause loss or harm to another person.
A statement from the DUP said: "The Metropolitan Police are likely to be even more dismissive of this childish prank than the PSNI were.
"It is unsurprising that the BBC gives it publicity."
Responding to the development, Mr Curistan's solicitor, Joe McVeigh, said: "It may be helpful to have outside officers look at the case.
"However, most of the consequences of the remarks occurred in Northern Ireland.
"We will be asking the PSNI why they have assessed this as being a matter for the Met."
Previously, Mr Robinson issued a statement through the DUP after being informed of the initial complaint.
He said: "The police may have to waste their time with this but I do not."


Parity is this year's theme for International Women's Day so 46 years after the introduction of the Equal Pay Act, BBC Rewind looks back on the history of the gender pay gap.

8 March 2016 Last updated at 17:25 GMT
Despite equal pay legislation being introduced in 1970 a gender pay gap still exists today. According to the Office of National Statistics, women are still paid 24.6% less than their male counterparts in skilled trades.
Video produced by BBC Rewind


Bournemouth captain Simon Francis says his side are drawing on the memory of their Premier League win at Chelsea as they prepare for the return fixture.

A win on Saturday would move the Cherries level on points with the defending champions.
"That game at Stamford Bridge was one of the highlights of the season," Francis told BBC Radio Solent. "We'll take a lot of confidence from that."
Glenn Murray's late header gave Bournemouth a 1-0 victory in December.
It made Eddie Howe's side the first promoted club to beat Chelsea at home since Charlton in April 2001.
But Francis, who led his side to his first win as captain that day, is expecting a very different test five months down the line.
"We know our home form hasn't been good enough against the top teams, bar beating Manchester United," he said.
"We know the dangers Chelsea possess and what a win against them would do for us. That's a huge incentive for us."
Bournemouth still have a chance of a top-half finish in their first-ever top flight season and Francis is keen to finish with momentum behind them.
"We're not going to take our foot off the gas," he added. "These are massive games and we don't want this season to fizzle out."


Narendra Modi has been sworn in as India's new prime minister in a ceremony in the forecourt of the presidential palace in Delhi.

Mr Modi took the oath before thousands of guests, including his counterpart from rival Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif.
It is the first time since the two countries won independence in 1947 that a prime minister from one state has attended such a ceremony in the other.
Mr Modi led his BJP party to a landslide win in the recent election.
The BJP won the biggest victory by any party in India for 30 years, gaining a majority in parliament and trouncing the outgoing Congress Party.
The grand presidential palace was a spectacular setting for what was an impressive ceremony. As the sun went down, the stage was set for a seamless transfer of power.
There was an air of excitement among the thousands who had gathered to witness the historic event. Politicians mingled with celebrities and business leaders, many of whom had backed Mr Modi's campaign. There was a large contingent from Gujarat, Mr Modi's home-state, delighted to be there.
But the highlight was the presence of the eight Asian leaders. Warm applause greeted the arrival of Pakistani PM Nawaz Sharif, who took time to exchange words with the outgoing PM Manmohan Singh.
But the biggest cheers broke out when the man of the moment made his appearance. Narendra Modi was applauded as he walked down the red carpet and then cheered as, moments later, he was sworn in as India's 15th PM.
Senior BJP and Congress leaders as well as Bollywood actors and top industrialists watched Mr Modi take the oath.
"I, Narendra Damodardas Modi, swear in the name of God that I will maintain the integrity of India," Mr Modi said in Hindi.
"I will work without fear, anger or hatred and will do justice to all as per the constitution."
Forty-five MPs, including seven women, from Mr Modi's BJP party and their allies have also been sworn in as ministers, although they are yet to be allocated their ministries.
Monday's grand outdoor ceremony was attended by the leaders of all seven South Asian countries as well as Mauritius.
But all eyes were on the presence of Mr Sharif, who is expected to hold bilateral talks with Mr Modi on Tuesday.
The two nuclear-armed rivals have fought three wars in the past 60 years, and Mr Modi's BJP party advocates a tough stance on Pakistan.
It is a great moment and a great opportunity," Mr Sharif told the NDTV network on his arrival in Delhi for the swearing-in ceremony.
"This is a chance to reach out to each other. Both governments have a strong mandate... This could help in turning a new page in our relations."
By Soutik BiswasIndia correspondent
Will India's Narendra Modi be a reformer?
The Pakistani prime minister said the neighbours should use their cultural and traditional similarities to help improve ties.
"We should remove fears, mistrust and misgivings about each other... Both countries should rid the region of instability and security that has plagued us for decades," he added.
Tight security and traffic restrictions was imposed in Delhi and all offices around the presidential palace were closed five hours before the event, according to the Press Trust of India.
Given the margin of victory, the BJP will be able to govern without coalition partners - 272 MPs are required for an absolute majority.
The Congress party finished with just 44 of the 543 seats and under 20% of the vote in what was its worst-ever performance.
Pakistan Today said the Sharif visit conveyed a positive message: "Pakistan and India have a historic opportunity to break the gridlock."
Urdu daily Jinnah: "We believe the Delhi meeting won't bring any revolution in ties between the two countries. But it would overcome the prevailing environment of doubts and suspicions.
Karachi-based Islam said: "The talks should be held on equal ground and dispute resolution should be given top priority."
The Indian Express said the surprise invitation underscored the new political will in Delhi to take risks for peace. "Modi is telling the many Western busybodies... that India can manage the Pakistan problem on its own."
The Times of India  said: "It's not that the bilateral scheduled between Modi and Sharif is going to settle old problems... It's rather that the two leaders get valuable face time."


Accrington Stanley's Josh Windass and Matt Crooks have both signed pre-contract agreements with Scottish Championship leaders Rangers.

The midfielders will move to Ibrox on four-year contracts at the end of the season, when their current deals end.
Stanley, who are seventh in League Two in England, will be due compensation for the duo, who are both 21.
Windass has been with Accrington since 2013 while Crooks, who can also play in defence and attack, joined last year.
Son of former Aberdeen and Hull City striker Dean, Windass joined Accrington from Northern Premier League outfit Harrogate Railway Athletic.
He was recently reported to be a target for Arsenal and has rejected the offer of a new contract from his present club.
Like Windass, who has netted 11 goals this season, Crooks came through the youth ranks at Huddersfield Town and made the switch to Accrington permanent in February after a loan spell.
Crooks had previous loan spells with Halifax Town, Radcliffe Borough and Hartlepool United.
Accrington majority shareholder Andy Holt confirmed on Monday that Rangers were in talks with Crooks and Windass.
Meanwhile, Arsenal midfielder Gedion Zelalem has extended his loan spell with Rangers until the end of the season.


A wine bar has been fined £100,000 after a woman drank a cocktail containing liquid nitrogen and had to have her stomach removed.

Gaby Scanlon, of Heysham, Lancashire, was served the Nitro-Jagermeister while celebrating her 18th birthday in 2012.
Oscar's Wine Bar in Lancaster previously admitted health and safety failings, at Preston Crown Court.
The court heard Ms Scanlon was left close to death after drinking the £3.95 shot.
She was taken to Lancaster Royal Infirmary, where a CT scan found a large perforation in her stomach.
Ms Scanlon, now 20, spent three weeks in hospital, undergoing surgery to remove her stomach and connect her oesophagus directly to her small bowel.
Her solicitors told the court the experience, on 4 October 2012, had "completed changed" her life.
She now suffers from "episodes of agonising pain", has to avoid some foods and can no longer enjoy eating, they said.
Describing the moment she drank the shot, Ms Scanlon told the court: "I turned to the man and asked if it was okay to drink. He said 'Yes'.
"Smoke was coming from my nose and mouth.  Straight away I knew something was not right.  My stomach expanded."
Oscar's Wine Bar Ltd, registered in Swinton, South Yorkshire, pleaded guilty to one count of failing in the duty of an employer to ensure the safety of persons not in its employment, admitting it failed to ensure the shot cocktail was safe for consumption.
No risk assessment was carried out regarding the potential dangers of the drinks.
The firm's director Andrew Dunn, of Old Earswick, York, pleaded not guilty to his part in the company's failings.
The prosecution said it would offer no evidence against him if he made a £20,000 contribution to the court costs prior to sentencing.
A spokesman for Lancaster City Council said: "We took the view that in the public interest it was not necessary to prosecute Mr Dunn, taking into account the interests of the family."
Passing sentence, Judge Pamela Badley said the bar's actions "fell very far short of standards".
Liquid nitrogen was present in the Nitro-Jagermeister shot to create a cloud of smoke in the glass.
While such drinks are not illegal, physicists say the liquid must completely evaporate before the drink is safe for consumption.
The court heard the bar had sold a range of cocktails using the chemical after Mr Dunn saw similar drinks in the Berkeley Hotel in London.
He was said to have found them "alluring and intrigued by the dramatic effect".
But senior health and safety officer Peter Lord, who visited the bar in May 2012, said he had concerns about the drinks and sent a letter with guidance on liquid nitrogen usage, which was met with no response.
The family-run bar's barrister Kevin McLoughlin said the family had been left "mortified" and apologised to Miss Scanlon and her family for the "errors and misjudgements that were made".
He said: "The company and the family are truly sorry.  At no time did they see anything warning them of the risks of ingestion.
"The essence of this calamity was the ignorance on the part of the company."


Carlisle United have boosted their squad by signing former West Brom midfielder Joe Ward and ex-Rochdale forward James Hooper.

The pair, both 20, have agreed short-term deals until the end of the season with the League Two club.
Ward had loan spells at Torquay and Kidderminster during his time with West Brom, who released him in January.
Hooper made two first-team appearances for Rochdale last season, the most recent in December 2015.
Both players were named on the Carlisle bench for Tuesday's home game against play-off rivals Luton Town.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Barnsley chief executive Ben Mansford has confirmed the club are in no hurry to replace ex-head coach Lee Johnson.

Paul Heckingbottom and Tommy Wright are currently sharing managerial duties after Johnson joined Bristol City.
Heckingbottom has been with the Tykes since 2015, while Wright was Johnson's assistant at Oldham and Barnsley.
"There's two people at the club who are very competent and we're not in any rush to appoint a new manager," Mansford told BBC Radio Sheffield.
"In Paul, we have someone who is Barnsley through and through. His focus is to do what's best for Barnsley as a club.
"He's supported by Tommy, who is committed, and we're very confident they will continue to succeed."
Barnsley have won seven consecutive league matches to move them up to 10th place in League One.
Recently sacked Rotherham manager Neil Redfearn, who made 292 appearances for Barnsley as a player, has been linked with a return to Oakwell.
"If Paul and Tommy can continue this run they give themselves every opportunity to knock on our doors and see if they can secure it permanently," Mansford added.
"The players showed on Sunday they won't let Lee's departure adversely affect them. We've stayed strong as a team and that's the most exciting thing."


Action star Arnold Schwarzenegger has been honoured with the Zurich Film Festival's top award, the Golden Icon, for his work in film and politics.

Schwarzenegger is best known as the hardman of cult movies such as the Terminator and Conan the Barbarian.
He served two terms as California governor from 2003 to 2011 before returning to acting in The Expendables.
"I'm happy to be back into acting and that I did my public service. I will be doing many more movies," he said.
Previous recipients of the Golden Icon have included Diane Keaton and Morgan Freeman.
Austrian-American Schwarzenegger, 68, was presenting his latest film, Maggie, at the festival.
He plays a farmer struggling to look after his dying daughter, played by Little Miss Sunshine actress Abigail Breslin.
In something of a departure for the actor, the film is a horror thriller.
He is more commonly associated with action roles, with his major breakthrough 1982's Conan the Barbarian, which led to a sequel and then to further hit action movies, most notably the Terminator series and Predator.
He has also ventured into comedy, with notable films including Twins, with Danny DeVito, and Kindergarten Cop.
Schwarzenegger's worldwide fame as both actor and politician belie his relatively humble roots. He grew up in rural Austria, the son of the local police chief.
From an early age, he had a keen interest in fitness and bodybuilding and it was this that saw him emigrate to the US.
He made his name and fortune after coming to prominence as the winner of Mr Universe when he was 20.
Last month television network NBC said Schwarzenegger would replace US Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump as the host of reality show The Celebrity Apprentice.


Two-time Wimbledon champion Petra Kvitova will not play tennis for at least three months after surgery following a knife attack at her home.

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Kvitova, 26, said she was "fortunate to be alive" following a "burglary" incident on Tuesday when she struggled with an intruder.
Surgeons spent almost four hours repairing tendons and nerves on her left hand - her playing hand.
Her spokesman said that considering the damage, "the surgery went well".
"The injury is serious, but the surgeon says Petra is young and healthy and there is no reason why she can't resume tennis," publicist Karel Tejkal told the AFP news agency.
According to her manager Katie Spellman, Kvitova will wear a cast for six to eight weeks and cannot bear weight on the injured hand for at least three months.
That rules her out of the Australian Open next month, which is the first Grand Slam tournament of the 2017 tennis season.
It is understood she allowed someone posing as a utilities man access to her apartment in Prostejov, Czech Republic, and while defending herself in a struggle, suffered the injuries to her hand. The intruder is believed to have then run away and is being sought by police.
Earlier on Tuesday, Kvitova said she was "shaken", adding the injury was "severe" but that she would "fight this".
Tejkal added: "It was a random crime, nobody was going to attack or rob her as Petra Kvitova."
Kvitova is ranked 11 in the world and has won a career total of 19 titles, including Grand Slam victories at Wimbledon in 2011 and 2014.
"Thank you for all your heart-warming messages.
"As you may have already heard, today I was attacked in my apartment by an individual with a knife. In my attempt to defend myself, I was badly injured on my left hand.
"I am shaken, but fortunate to be alive. The injury is severe and I will need to see specialists, but if you know anything about me I am strong and I will fight this. Thank you all again for your love and support and now I would appreciate some privacy while I focus on my recovery."
Kvitova had announced earlier on Tuesday that a foot injury forced her to withdraw from January's Hopman Cup in Perth, Australia.
She had only returned from pre-season training in Lanzarote last week, despite her right foot requiring a protective boot for much of the time.
It meant her hopes of playing in the first Grand Slam of the season were already doubtful, with the Australian Open getting under way on 16 January.
Kvitova had finished the 2016 season strongly, picking up titles in Wuhan and Zuhai, as well as winning the Women's Tennis Association's annual sportsmanship award, for the fourth year in succession.


Google has launched a new feature, fact check, which will add a label next to news stories in search results.

Fact check will appear with other news organisations in Google News and will, Google says, "shine a light on its efforts to divide fact from fiction".
Richard Gingras, Google's head of news, added it will "help readers find fact checking in large news stories".
He said sites which already have a fact checking service can apply to be included to appear in search results.
"You'll see the tagged articles in the expanded story box on news.google.com and in the Google News & Weather iOS and Android apps, starting with the US and the UK," he added in a blogpost.
Google will determine whether a fact check is needed for a news story using the claim review technique. It already labels stories with tabs such as opinion, related and local source.
Fact checking is something that has become increasingly popular in the past few years.
According to the the Duke University Reporter's Lab, there are more than 100 fact checking sites online including the BBC's own Reality Check.
However, not all fact check sites run by algorithm have been as fortunate when it comes to fulfilling their intended purpose.
Facebook overhauled the Trending feature on its site in August to make posts more automated after claims of left-wing bias.
Google's fact check comes in time for the final run-up to next month's US presidential election. The New York Times also has a fact check site which is keeping tabs on the campaign for the Oval Office.


A powerful undersea earthquake south of Japan has shaken buildings in Tokyo and been felt across the country.

The US Geological Survey said the 7.8-magnitude earthquake was centred 874km (543 miles) from the Japanese capital, at a depth of more than 660km.
The earthquake struck at 20:30 local time (11:30 GMT). Buildings in the capital swayed for almost a minute as the quake built in intensity.
There are no reports of serious damage. No tsunami alert was issued.
However, Tokyo's fire department has received calls about people suffering injuries as a result of falls, broadcaster NHK said.
Reuters reports that services on the Shinkansen high speed train line between Tokyo and Osaka were briefly halted by a power cuts.
Some trains in Tokyo also stopped for safety checks, causing crowds of commuters to form around some of the city's busier stations.
Michiko Orita, a resident of the island of Hahajima, near the epicentre, told NHK: "It shook violently. Our Buddhist altar swayed sideways wildly.
"I have not experienced anything like that, so it was so frightening."
Naoki Hirata, of the University of Tokyo's earthquake research centre, said: "This was a very big quake... the shaking was felt over a broad area... fortunately, because it was deep, there is little danger of a tsunami."
Japan is one of the world's most seismically active nations.
In March 2011, a massive 9.0 magnitude quake started a tsunami that left nearly 20,000 people dead in north-eastern Japan and caused nuclear meltdowns at the Fukushima Dai-Ichi nuclear power plant.


Cardiff Blues staged a rousing comeback for a bonus-point win over Montpellier in the European Challenge Cup.

The Blues stunned the visitors with a Rhys Patchell try after 43 seconds, but Montpellier hit back with three tries in 18 minutes to take a firm grip.
Josh Navidi and Lloyd Williams crossed either side of half-time before Alex Cuthbert's try put the Blues in front.
Navidi's second put the result beyond doubt, but Charles Geli's late try gave the French a bonus point.
The victory moves the Blues level on points at the top of Pool Three with Harlequins, who are expected to beat bottom club Calvisano on Saturday.
Montpellier would have returned home with two bonus points after Demetri Catrakilis' conversion brought them within seven points, but Patchell snatched it from them with the last kick of the game when he landed his second penalty.
It was a night to remember for Patchell, who was forced to move from fly-half to full-back moments before kick-off after Dan Fish injured his thigh in the warm-up.
He immediately shrugged off the disappointment of missing out on a rare start in his favoured position to give the Blues a perfect start with the game's first try, which he converted.
But Montpellier then looked a class apart as they showed precision and power to score three slick tries through prop Jamie Mackintosh and wings Timoci Nagusa and Julien Malzieu to open a 13-point advantage.
The Blues regrouped and clawed their way back into the match with two tries either side of half-time through flanker Navidi, converted again by Patchell, and then scrum-half Williams.
Moments before the home side's third try, Montpellier lost hooker Bismarck Du Plessis to the sin bin, and replacement lock Robins Tchale-Watchou soon followed to reduce the French to 13 men.
They survived without conceding a point, but then gifted the Blues a fourth try when a loose pass allowed Cuthbert to intercept and the Wales wing had enough pace to run from his own half to score.
Patchell stretched the advantage with another penalty and then Navidi's second score gave the Blues enough breathing space to mean Geli's late try did not prove too costly.
Cardiff Blues head coach Danny Wilson said: "It was a huge squad, both financially and physically, we were up against.
"We dug deep, and to score five tries and play the way we did is a great win.
"We've got a bit to work on in terms of what we are conceding - we seem to like to make it exciting here for some reason - but it's really pleasing to get a win."
Cardiff Blues: Rhys Patchell; Alex Cuthbert, Rey Lee-Lo, Gavin Evans, Tom James; Rhys Patchell, Lloyd Williams (capt); Sam Hobbs, Kristian Dacey, Tau Filise, Jarrad Hoeata, James Down, Macauley Cook, Josh Navidi, Josh Turnbull.
Replacements: Ethan Lewis, Gethin Jenkins, Craig Mitchell, Scott Andrews, Cam Dolan, Tavis Knoyle, Aled Summerhill, Garyn Smith.
Montpellier: Benjamin Fall; Timoci Nagusa, Anthony Tuitavke, Robert Ebersohn, Julien Malzieu; Benjamin Lucas, Benoit Paillaugue; Jamie Mackintosh, Bismarck Du Plessis, Pat Cilliers, Jacques Du Plessis, Paul Willemse, Wiaan Liebenberg, Antoine Battut (capt), Akapusi Qera.
Replacements: Charles Geli, Mikheil Nariashvili, Nicolas Mas, Robins Tchale-Watchou, Fulgence Ouedraogo, Cameron Wright, Demetri Catrakilis, Anthony Floch.
Referee: Peter Fitzgibbon (Ireland).
Touch judges: Leo Colgan (Ireland), Paul Haycock (Ireland).
Citing commissioner: Dave Guyan (England).
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Swansea City have criticised the Ivory Coast Football Federation for saying striker Wilfried Bony had completed his £28m transfer to Manchester City.

The 26-year-old is on international duty with Ivory Coast at the Africa Cup of Nations.
The Ivory Coast Football Federation said: "Bony has signed with Manchester City this Wednesday, 14 January."
But a Swansea spokesman responded: "The club has not confirmed anything and the Ivory Coast have no right to comment."
The club added on Twitter that Bony "has NOT yet completed his move" and when he does, it will be confirmed "via official channels - not the Ivory Coast FA".
The two clubs agreed a £28m deal for Bony at the weekend, with £25m cash up front and a further £3m in performance-related add-ons.
Bony joined Swansea for a club-record £12m from Vitesse Arnhem in 2013 and was the Premier League's top scorer in 2014 with 20 goals.
He has scored nine times in 22 appearances this season.
More on this story and an interview with Garry Monk on Sport Wales this Friday, BBC Two Wales at 20:00 GMT, and on iPlayer for seven days after transmission.


Greater Manchester's police and crime commissioner Tony Lloyd has been selected as the region's interim mayor.

The former Labour MP was chosen over Wigan Council leader Peter Smith by a panel representing the area's councils.
Mr Lloyd will take up the role in June until 2017, when the public will vote for the region's first elected mayor.
Chancellor George Osborne announced plans for an elected mayor last year as part of a project to hand more devolved power to the north.
Speaking to BBC Radio Manchester after the result was announced, Mr Lloyd spoke of "great challenges" for the region.
But he said they were challenges he was "relishing".
"What is important is that we concentrate on what the priorities are for the people of Greater Manchester," he said.
"We are building the capacity to build on health care and social care. It's about building our economy."
Mr Lloyd will continue with his responsibilities as police and crime commissioner (PCC) for now, with that position expected to be incorporated into the mayoral role after 2017.
He said it would be "ludicrous" if the two positions were not combined.
However, Mr Lloyd would not be drawn on whether he would stand for mayor in the 2017 election, saying it was "too far off".
But he added: "Let's see how the boots fit. We will give it a go and see how it works out."
We waited and waited at Leigh Sports Village for the conclave of Greater Manchester councillors to make their decision.
Without a chimney for papal selection style coloured smoke to emanate from, it was left to the leader of Manchester City Council, Richard Leese, to announce the victor.
He explained that it took a few hours more than it was supposed to because the decision was so difficult.
With two long-serving Greater Manchester Labour politicians in the running, it was perhaps easy to see why. For Tony Lloyd to have got the job is perhaps fortuitous - because his current role of police and crime commissioner will be subsumed into the mayoral role in 2017 anyway.
But until then he has been quick to point out that he won't be taking both salaries.


An unbeaten century by teenager Dan Lawrence put Division Two leaders Essex in a strong position on day two against Leicestershire at Grace Road.

They were in trouble at 68-5 in reply to the home side's 238 all out, but Lawrence (123 not out) and captain Ryan ten Doeschate (86) rebuilt the innings.
The pair put on 125 for the sixth wicket and then Lawrence added another 130 with James Foster, who made 54.
The visitors were 368-8 for stumps, leading by 130 runs.
Leicestershire's Dieter Klein (4-84) dismissed Nick Browne and Tom Westley before lunch, adding to the scalp of England Test captain Alastair Cook on day one, but Essex's lower-order put them on top at the halfway point.