When Facebook first floated on the stock exchange earlier this year, it started out at an astronomical high, valued at over $100bn (Â£65bn).

Since then, rockier times. From an initial share price of $38, Facebook's stock dipped to below $29 in May.
This week, there comes another huge test for the site as it releases the financial results for its first quarter of public trading.
The BBC has asked four key experts for their views on where Facebook's challenges lie in the coming months.
What do you think Facebook should do next? Send us your comments at the bottom of this page.
Jennifer Lynch is a staff attorney at the Electronics Frontier Foundation, a privacy campaign group. Ms Lynch is concerned about Facebook's recent takeover of a facial recognition company:
Facebook's acquisition of facial recognition software face.com is concerning from a privacy perspective for two reasons.
First, it is unclear what Facebook intends to do with the facial recognition data face.com collected. Face.com has stated that its database includes over 30 billion face prints.
If this data is combined with the facial scans from the 300 million images Facebook users upload every day, it would likely create the largest (and largest privately-owned) facial recognition database in the world.
The United States government regularly asks for copies of all photographs in which a user is tagged when it issues a warrant to Facebook. And government agencies in the States and abroad that are building out facial recognition databases have an interest in acquiring as many face images as possible.
Face.com and Facebook's combined data could become a honeypot for government if Facebook doesn't take steps to protect it properly.
Second, as Facebook expands the tools face.com developed to use mobile devices to collect images and identify people, the security of the data becomes a real issue.
Facebook must show it has adequate measures in place to protect both the integrity of the face recognition data and its users' accounts from hacking and fraud.
Ahead of going public, Facebook, itself, predicted it might struggle to make money from its mobile users who have been reluctant to engage with ads while on the go. If this is to ever change, argues independent app developer Malcolm Barclay, Facebook's mobile offering needs to improve greatly.
The existing app suffers from endless loading, refresh problems and feels more like using a website from the late 90's. To put it another way, it is like listening to a transistor radio. Rewriting it in a different programming language, Objective-C, will be more akin to surround sound, an experience people expect from their Â£400+ devices.
A rewrite in Objective-C is exactly what the Facebook app needs. Facebook's existing app is written mostly in HTML5.
It is a very promising and useful technology, but right now more suited to desktop web browsers. Objective-C is the native programming language of the iPhone. It can exploit all of its features, it is fast and has a tool kit of interface elements that users are familiar with.
So why did Facebook make the app in HTML5 in the first place? It was cheaper, HTML5 can run on many different devices (eg Android), hence it costs less to maintain and there's no need to make separate apps. I doubt Facebook really benefited from this - users certainly did not.
Last week Facebook purchased the developers at Acrylic, a tiny operation. Google did the same and acquired Sparrow, a very popular mail app for Mac & the iPhone - all of these apps are written in Objective-C.
Reports suggest that Facebook has already begun working on rebuilding their app from the bottom up. I hope this is the case - experience matters.
Graham Cluley is a security researcher and blogger with Sophos. He argues that Facebook needs to get a firmer grip on the third-party applications on its platform, perhaps taking a few cues from a familiar computing giant:
Want to see who has viewed your profile? There's a Facebook app for that. But you shouldn't be too quick to grant it permission to access your account.
Rogue Facebook apps, created by internet scammers and cybercriminals, want to access your personal data, and hope to make money by luring you into following links.
These apps run on the Facebook platform itself (don't confuse them with the apps you run on your computer or smartphone), and - if you allow them - have access to your profile, your personal info, your photos..
The result is that you don't know who you are sharing your information with, and who is going to access it. The apps can even present themselves as though they are entirely located on Facebook - even when hosted on third-party websites that could be under the control of any Tom, Dick and Harry.
Most chilling of all, rogue Facebook apps can actually post messages in your name - tricking your online friends into thinking that it's you spreading a link, which could be designed to infect their computers or steal further information.
Maybe Facebook should learn a lesson from Apple? Apple reviews all iPhone/iPad apps before they are allowed in the iOS App Store. That doesn't just stop yet another fart app, it also makes it harder for hackers to spread dangerous code via this route. Whatever Apple is doing, it seems to be doing it right.
Not everyone may like Apple's "walled garden" approach, but you cannot deny that it has kept the Apple iPhone a relatively safe place to be.
Maybe Facebook should consider something similar.
And maybe users need to think carefully about what data they upload to Facebook - that's the one sure way of ensuring it is never grabbed by a rogue app.
Many have speculated that Facebook is looking at creating its own device - the so-called "Buffy" phone. Carolina Milanesi, an analyst for Gartner, questions the logic behind any such predictions:
"Speculations about a possible Facebook phone have been on and off for the past couple of years.
After the first round of rumours we saw mobile phone maker HTC bring to market the HTC Salsa and the HTC ChaCha. Both had dedicated Facebook keys and both saw only modest sales.
So why would Facebook come out with its own phone? I struggle to see why it would.
Although social is a key part of today's mobile life for many consumers, only a sub-set of users would actually want a phone that totally centres on social networking.
Users would also not compromise on the specifications of the hardware, meaning that Facebook would have to bring to market a device comparable to a high-end Android phone in order to be taken seriously.
Manufacturing costs would likely be too high to be covered by advertising revenue.
The reality is that most consumers are perfectly happy with an app on their current phone. We believe that a deeper integration of Facebook on the current operating systems iOS, Android and Windows Phone will deliver a much wider addressable market to Facebook than not a dedicated phone. And what is social about if not the mass market?
If we put rumours aside for a second and we look at the facts, we know that Facebook is to be integrated more tightly with Apple's next mobile operating system, iOS 6.  One has to wonder if Apple would have made such a decision if the possibility of a Facebook phone was actually on the horizon."


The world knows Adel Kermiche as the 19-year old who stormed a church and killed a priest.

In the suburb of Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray they remember a younger teenager who would go and buy you a drink or a snack if you tipped him a euro.
He lived with his parents in a neighbourhood called Langevin, which is leafy if a little rough around the edges.
In the corner shop a family friend remembers Kermiche as a child, playing with his son who was the same age. "But they stopped talking when they hit 16," he recalled.
A man, who would only give his name as "John" said Kermiche was a "geek" who loved games consoles and the internet.
What we know about church attack
France responds with calls for peace and understanding
Tributes to Fr Jacques Hamel
People in the town knew he had tried to go to Syria, earning him a prison sentence and a place on French intelligence's "S list" of terrorist sympathisers.
After his release he would only be seen in the mornings, when he wasn't under his state-imposed curfew.
"He would go around saying he supported Daesh," says John, using a derogatory name for so-called Islamic State.
But the fullest account of the killer's life came from a 20-year old friend who gave her name as Harmony Leroux.
She was crying when we met her but launched into a passionate defence of Kermiche.
She said they were "joined at the hip" for much of their lives, but that he started to ignore her in early 2015.
"He would walk by me in the street and blank me, like he'd been brainwashed," she said.
Harmony said her friend came out of prison on the day of the terrorist attacks in Brussels in March 2016.
She was surprised that the authorities released him at such a tense and emotionally-charged time.
"He came to see me straight after he got out. He gave me his perspective on things. I told him that you couldn't go round killing people in the name of God, that it says so in the Koran."
She believed that she and her friends had talked him into a more tolerant attitude. A fortnight ago they flicked through old college photos together.
"He seemed his old self again. He was respectful of women and full of life," Harmony said.
"But we just don't know why he then did what he did."


The Cotswolds could be policed by the Thames Valley force if plans to "break away" from Gloucestershire County Council go ahead, it is claimed.

There could be "serious implications" for Gloucestershire Police, the police and crime commissioner has warned.
Cotswold District Council's proposal to form a unity authority with West Oxfordshire has proved controversial.
But CDC says the plans - dubbed 'Coxit' - are at an early stage but aim to improve accountability.
CDC leader Lynden Stowe has said Gloucestershire's "historic borders" would remain under the proposals, which aim to improve the "administration and the delivery of council services".
He told BBC Radio Gloucestershire a few weeks ago: "We would expect the police to patrol up to the existing county borders, exactly as now, so if there's a crime in Cirencester, Gloucestershire Police attend and if there's a burglary in Burford, Thames Valley Police attend."
But Gloucestershire's PCC Martin Surl said he had taken legal advice on the "Coxit" proposal, and warned it could "signal the end of Gloucestershire Police as we know it".
Under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007, he said the Cotswolds could become part of Thames Valley Police District.
"If they break away to a new district, we can't continue policing just half a district," he told the BBC.
"So, either we start taking some of Thames Valley's area in Oxfordshire, or they start policing parts of Gloucestershire. Neither want that ."
A spokesman for Cotswold District Council said they "fully understand the initial concerns" but they were "best addressed through the detailed studies that will now take place to assess the feasibility of the unitary proposal".
Mr Surl, an independent, is standing for re-election as Gloucestershire PCC on 5 May, alongside Labour's Barry Kirby and the Conservatives' Will Windsor Clive.


A popular English-language news outlet in Qatar says access to its website has been blocked in an apparent act of censorship by the government.

Doha News said both of the Gulf state's internet service providers had prevented readers reaching the site since Wednesday. It created another domain, but that too stopped working.
"We can only conclude our website has been deliberately targeted," it said.
There has so far been no comment from the ISPs or the Qatari authorities.
Qatar has enjoyed a reputation as a centre for media freedom, owing in part to its funding and hosting of the Al Jazeera news network.
But last year the authorities detained two groups of foreign journalists from the BBC and West German Broadcasting, as they attempted to report on the treatment of migrant workers as the country prepares to host football's World Cup in 2022.
Doha News has been operating for almost eight years and says it has an audience of almost one million unique users a month.
In a statement posted on its website on Thursday, Doha News said its domain had become inaccessible to most online users in Qatar on Wednesday after apparently being blocked simultaneously by the country's two ISPs, Ooredoo and Vodafone.
While it put in requests for information from the authorities it temporarily diverted readers to an alternative domain. However, that also stopped working.
"Given this development and the silence from the government and ISP providers, we can only conclude that our website has been deliberately targeted and blocked by Qatar authorities," the statement said.
"We are incredibly disappointed with this decision, which appears to be an act of censorship."
"We are also puzzled because authorities did not discuss any concerns they had with us before taking such serious action," the statement added.
The AFP news agency noted that Doha News carried an editorial two months ago that alleged that Qatar's cybercrime law was being used to "silence" people.
In August, it published an article by a man on the challenges of being gay in Qatar, where "sodomy" can be punished with one to three years in prison and Muslims convicted of sex-outside marriage can be sentenced to flogging or even death.


The owner of crippled the Fukushima nuclear plant, Tokyo Electric Power Company (Tepco) has requested further financial help from the Japanese government.

It said clean-up costs and compensation claims for those affected by leaks at the plant may exceed initial estimates.
Radiation leaks at the plant after last year's quake and tsunami saw thousands of people evacuated from the area.
The firm has already received 1tn yen ($12.5bn; Â£7.8bn) in government aid.
The utility was, in effect, nationalised after the government took a 50.11% stake in the group in exchange for the capital injection.
The total clean-up costs and claims were initially estimated to be around 5tn yen.
When contacted by the BBC, the company did not disclose how much it expected the costs to increase. However, according to some reports they are projected to double to 10tn yen.
Along with compensation claims, the firm has also seen its operational costs rise in recent times.
This was after the leak at the Fukushima nuclear plant resulted in other nuclear plants being shut, forcing it to rely on traditional thermal power stations to produce electricity.
These power stations require fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas to operate which are relatively more expensive.
The company, which provides power to some of Japan's most important economic areas, has already raised electricity prices in an attempt to offset the rising costs.
Tepco said it was putting in place further cost cutting measures to save an additional 100bn yen a  year.
It had previously set a target of reducing its costs by 336.5bn yen a year for the next 10 years as part of its restructuring plan.


At least 14 people have been killed in an attack on a shrine in the Afghan capital, Kabul as Shia Muslims prepared for a religious day of mourning.

A crowd had gathered at the Karte Sakhi shrine for Ashura, a commemoration of the martyrdom of Hussein, a grandson of the Prophet Muhammad.
No group has claimed responsibility.
Meanwhile, hundreds of Afghan troops have been deployed to drive Taliban fighters from the capital of Helmand province, Lashkar Gah, in the south.
Militants have been pushed back to the outskirts of Lashkar Gah, a strategically important city, local officials told the BBC.
Lashkar Gah is reportedly in lock down with only a few shops open and many families trying to flee the fighting.
Schools and universities across Helmand have been closed indefinitely.
The new assault is the Taliban's most concerted push yet into the city.
The attack in Kabul happened in one of the city's largest shrines.
One of the dead was a police officer, a spokesperson for the Ministry of the Interior said.
Sediq Sediqqi said police special forces who responded to the scene found and killed only one gunman. Initial reports said three attackers were involved.
An eyewitness said the attacker was dressed in a police uniform.
The death of Hussein, which is commemorated during Ashura, was an event that led to the split in Islam into two main sects - Sunni and Shia Muslims.
The government had warned of possible attacks during the day.
An attack in July, claimed by so-called Islamic State, killed 80 people, but before then Afghanistan had not seen the same level of violence against Shia Muslims as neighbouring  Pakistan.
Shia Muslims make up about 15% of Afghanistan's population, and many of them come from the Hazara ethnic group.


Sir Bruce Forsyth, who has stepped down from presenting Strictly Come Dancing's weekly shows, has been a fixture of British television for the last 50 years.

The 86-year-old entertainer has co-hosted Strictly since it began in 2004 and will continue to present one-off specials like the Strictly Christmas Special and the Strictly Children in Need Special.
Sir Bruce has been in showbusiness since leaving school in north London at the age of 14.
The son of a garage owner, he launched himself on the music hall circuit as Boy Bruce the Mighty Atom, with an act which included dancing, singing and playing the ukulele.
He spent 20 years travelling the country seven days a week, performing in church halls, sleeping in luggage racks and waiting for his big break.
On a BBC chat show, the young entertainer explained: "I want to be famous and buy my mum a fur coat."
But after making little progress, he had been on the verge of giving up on showbusiness - until he was asked to host TV series Sunday Night at the London Palladium in 1958.
He was booked for an initial two weeks and ended up staying for five years, by which time he was Britain's highest-paid entertainer, earning Â£1,000 a week.
His energy and enthusiasm saw him flourish in the 1970s as host of a succession of popular game shows including BBC prime-time hit The Generation Game.
The show saw Sir Bruce coin the catchphrase "nice to see you, to see you, nice" and marry TV hostess Anthea Redfern of "give us a twirl" fame in 1973. They divorced six years later.
It was also on The Generation Game that he introduced his famous "thinker" pose, appearing in silhouette at the beginning of each show.
At its peak, the programme attracted 20 million viewers to watch the entertainer seemingly having more fun than the competitors and enthusing over the mundane prizes on the conveyor belt.
In one later interview, however, the star said he regretted many of his game shows - audiences tend to forget the likes of Hot Streak, You Bet! and Big Night - and admitted he would have liked to have produced more programmes in the vein of his special with Sammy Davis Jr in 1980.
But for fans, it is The Generation Game to which Sir Bruce's career remains linked.
His playful patter with the frequently befuddled contestants was delivered with knowing winks to the audience, who grew to love the formula of cheesy jokes, slapstick comedy and terrible prizes.
He left the show after six years in 1977, handing over to Larry Grayson, but returned in 1990 for another four-year stint.
The entertainer went on to repeat his TV success on long-running ITV quiz show Play Your Cards Right, which gave birth to the "higher, lower" catchphrase.
In 1995, he received a lifetime achievement award for variety at the British Comedy Awards. He was made an OBE in 1998, a CBE in 2005 and was knighted in 2012.
"When I got the CBE there'd been speculation every year and I think there's been too much talk about it, so I'm thrilled at last it has happened," he said at the time.
Play Your Cards Right was dropped by ITV in 1999 and Brucie was barely seen on a British television screen until he appeared as a guest presenter on satirical BBC quiz show Have I Got News For You? in 2003.
Speaking to the Radio Times, Sir Bruce said the appearance was his wife's idea. After calling show regular Paul Merton, he landed the gig and offered to be "a little bit deadpan".
"But the team said, 'No, be Bruce Forsyth,'" he said. "So we did it like that, and it was so successful.
"I'd never done a show where I'd sat down behind a desk. I always call myself a 'head-to-toe' performer, I move around. But it worked."
The appearance led to Sir Bruce, an accomplished tap dancer, being offered the job hosting celebrity dance show Strictly Come Dancing, which began a year later.
Sir Bruce earned his first National TV Award nomination in 2004, was the subject of a Bafta TV tribute in 2008 and received a special recognition prize at the National Television Awards in 2011.
And it is not just audiences who love the all-round entertainer.
"He is one of the great performers," former BBC director general Greg Dyke told the Guardian in 2006.
"He's got the look, he's got the style, he can do it all. He just is a star. You might ask how - or even why - but when you see it, you cannot deny it."
Now a great-grandfather, Sir Bruce has six children and lives in Surrey with his third wife Wilnelia.
On announcing his retirement, BBC One controller Charlotte Moore said: "Sir Bruce Forsyth is one of the great showbiz legends of our time and Strictly's success is due in vast amounts to him.
"I am so pleased he will continue to be part of the Strictly family and promise viewers that we haven't seen the last of him on BBC One."


Two newly elected Members of the House of Keys have been sworn in following last week's by-elections in Douglas.

Residents in the Douglas North and Douglas South constituencies elected businessman Ralph Peake and former politician Bill Malarkey respectively.
Chief Minister Allan Bell said they are "two energetic individuals who I know will make a name for themselves".
The seats became vacant when Bill Henderson and David Cretney were elected to the Legislative Council.
Four candidates stood for election in Douglas South, while three others put themselves forward in Douglas North.
Mr Peake was elected for the first time whilst Mr Malarkey returns four years after being ousted from his seat.
Source:Isle of Man government


A drink-driver who killed a woman when he got behind the wheel after drinking 10 pints and drove at 134mph has been jailed for seven years.

Witnesses said Nelson Curtis, 64, was "a few drinks away from not being able to walk" before he crashed into Lauren Danks' car in Suffolk in November.
He pleaded guilty at Ipswich Crown Court to causing death by dangerous driving.
The family of Ms Danks, 22, said they were "disillusioned" with the sentence.
Curtis, of High Street, Lakenheath, also pleaded guilty to failing to stop after a road traffic collision and failing to report it.
Ms Danks, from Soham, Cambridgeshire, was found dead in her car on the A11 at Red Lodge, Mildenhall, in the early hours of 11 November.
Police discovered a second vehicle - a Jaguar belonging to Curtis - had been involved.
The court heard Curtis had drunk excessively before driving his high-performance car at 134mph. At the point of the collision he was braking, but still doing 104mph and drove on despite losing a wheel.
Earlier that night Curtis was filmed  on CCTV at the Brewery Tap pub in Lakenheath, the court heard.
He was described as "pretty steady on his feet, but only a few drinks away from not being able to walk" by bar staff interviewed by police.
Ch Insp David Giles, from Suffolk Police, said Miss Danks' family were "absolutely disillusioned" with the length of sentence passed.
He said Curtis's actions in drinking "10 pints of beer" and driving were "utterly despicable".
In a statement to the court, Miss Danks's father, Robert, said: "I feel broken and complete despair".
Judge Rupert Overbury described Curtis' actions as "cowardice" saying he showed "complete lack of remorse".
The 64-year-old was also banned from driving for eight-and-a-half years.


Australian golfer Robert Allenby says he was kidnapped from a bar in Hawaii, robbed and beaten, before being dumped in a park.

Mr Allenby, 43, says he may have been drugged before he was taken from the bar on Friday. He was helped back to his hotel by a retired military man.
"I didn't think I was going to survive this one," he told the AAP news agency.
The golfer had been planning to fly out of Hawaii after missing the cut at the US PGA Tour's Sony Open.
Local television said the incident was being investigated as second-degree robbery.
"I was separated from my friend in the bar after we had paid the tab at 22:48 (08:48 GMT) and he went to the bathroom and next thing you know I'm being dumped in a park miles away," he said.
He said a homeless woman spotted him being dumped from a car, after being robbed of his phone and wallet.
The military veteran paid for a taxi for him back to the hotel, he said.
Pictures shown on the Golf Channel showed Mr Allenby with cuts on his nose and forehead and bruising around his eye.
His caddie Mick Middlemo told the channel Mr Allenby woke up groggy with no initial recollection of what happened to him.
Allenby is ranked 271 in the world and has won four titles on the elite PGA [Professional Golfers' Association] Tour.


Two hackers who separately profited from stealing personal and financial data have been sentenced in the US.

Sergey Vovnenko was jailed for 41 months for hijacking computers and selling stolen credit card numbers.
Eric Taylor, who stole and then published sensitive information about celebrities and public figures, received three years' probation.
Both were also involved in attacks on security researcher Brian Krebs, who exposed their online criminal activity.
Mr Krebs said Vovnenko was one of the administrators of a discussion forum that traded in stolen payment cards and personal data, in a blogpost reporting the sentencing.
Mr Krebs won access to the forum only to discover Mr Vovnenko's plan to send heroin to him and then, via an anonymous tip-off, get the police to raid his home. Prompt action by Mr Krebs foiled the attempt to frame him.
In 2014, Vovnenko was arrested in Italy then extradited to the US for trial for his part in running the card fraud forum and for compromising computers from which saleable data was stolen.
As well as serving a 41-month sentence, Vovnenko will also be supervised for three years following his release and must pay compensation of $83,368 (Â£67,000).
Taylor was arrested in 2012 as part of a massive series of raids on criminal hacker groups around the world, co-ordinated by the FBI.
Taylor was a member of a hacker group that published some of the stolen data exposing sensitive information about celebrities, prominent public figures and ordinary Americans.
He targeted Mr Krebs after the blogger exposed his part in hacking a Russian underground forum that harboured information stolen from a US consumer data firm.
In the hoax attack, Taylor used an instant message service to make it look like Mr Krebs was reporting that his home had been invaded by Russians who had shot his wife and were holding him hostage.
The report led to Mr Krebs being briefly handcuffed outside his home while officers swept his home seeking the Russian criminals.
Mr Krebs was released after police realised it was a hoax and because paperwork revealed that the blogger had reported the possibility that he would be subject to this type of attack some weeks earlier.


Northern Ireland has voted to remain in the EU Referendum by a majority of 56% to 44%.

However, the UK, as a whole, has voted by a narrow margin to leave the EU.
Following the result, Prime Minster David Cameron said he would continue for three more months in post, then step down by October.
It is up to a new prime minister to start the formal and legal process of leaving the EU, he said.
EU Referendum results
In Northern Ireland, First Minister Arlene Foster said; "I think this a good result for the United Kingdom. Our nation state has made a clear definition as to where they want to go forward."
"They backed hope, they backed aspiration, they backed the future potential of the United Kingdom and I'm very pleased with the result."
But Martin McGuinness, Sinn Féin, said the entire island of Ireland should now be able to vote on reunification.
He said there was "a democratic imperative" for a border poll.  Mr Cameron had been "sleepwalking towards an exit" over the last year, he said.
He accused him of "kow-towing" to the right-wing agenda and the "little Englander mentality". But, he said, the people of Northern Ireland, both nationalist and unionist, had voted against that.
The deputy first minister said the impact in Northern Ireland would be "very profound".
In a statement, the Irish government said the result had "very significant implications for Ireland, as well as for Britain and for the European Union".
It will meet later on Friday morning and the Irish taoiseach (prime minister) Enda Kenny will then speak.
Micheál Martin, leader of the Republic's main opposition party, Fianna Fáil, called on the Irish government to be centrally involved in the UK's divorce negotiations to minimise the repercussions and to make clear, that despite the historic close links and trade relationships between the two states, Ireland will not be following the British example.
Overall, 440,707 people in Northern Ireland voted to Remain in the EU and 349,442 to Leave. Out of 18 constituencies, 11 voted to stay in the European Union.
The turnout in Northern Ireland was 62.7% with 790,523 people voting in the referendum.
The EU referendum debate divided the parties in Northern Ireland and the result to leave means there are conflicting thoughts on what should happen next.
The DUP backed a Leave vote and the idea of holding a referendum was a long-term ambition of the party's Westminster leader Nigel Dodds.  First Minister Arlene Foster will be delighted with the result.
The Remain camp included Sinn Féin, the UUP, the SDLP and the Alliance Party and they will highlight the fact that a majority of voters in Northern Ireland bucked the trend, rejecting the arguments for a Brexit.
Sinn Féin have called again for a border poll. The party believes the result means there is now a democratic deficit because the rest of the UK is at odds over the issue of Europe.
For Secretary of State, Theresa Villiers, there will be much personal satisfaction with the result. She was a key member of the Leave campaign and although she finds herself in tune with public opinion in the rest of the UK, she will be conscious that her stance is at odds with the majority of people in Northern Ireland.
Speaking after the result was announced, Edwin Poots, DUP, said he was "absolutely delighted".
"I believe that we will recover very quickly after the initial shock.  The farming community has been in the doldrums... I would expect this will help them. I would expect it will help our manufacturers and our exporters at this time."
At one level nothing has changed. But in reality everything has changed.
Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK are, for now, still in the EU and its single market: companies still trade under the same system as they did on Thursday.
But that arrangement will now have to end which could have far reaching economic consequences.
Read more from John here.
He said there was now £10bn that was going to the EU that can now be distributed throughout the UK.
However, Declan Kearney, Sinn Féin, called it "a pyrrhic victory".
"The reality is that the people of the north of Ireland overwhelmingly voted in favour of Remain - both republican and unionist, Catholic and Protestant and those of no faith background," he said.
"We now have a situation where English votes are going to drag the will of the people of the north of Ireland to remain within the EU, out of the EU. That is a huge democratic deficit.
The result of the referendum means significant changes for farming here. But not immediately.
The focus now will be on the negotiations for leaving the EU, expected to take at least two years, and what domestic arrangements are arrived at to support agriculture.
Read more from Conor here
In Northern Ireland, Foyle, West Tyrone, Belfast North, Belfast South, Belfast West, East Londonderry, Fermanagh and South Tyrone, Newry and Armagh, Mid-Ulster, North Down and South Down voted in favour of Remain.
Lagan Valley, North Antrim, East Antrim, South Antrim, Strangford, Belfast East and Upper Bann voted to Leave.
It is clear this is not the outcome the Republic of Ireland wanted.
The Irish government, which remained neutral in the Scottish independence referendum, actively encouraged Irish citizens in the UK to vote to remain in the EU.
Read more from Shane here


Sexual harassment of women on public transport is a problem in China, as elsewhere, but after the authorities turned down one woman's request to highlight the issue she began her own unique campaign.

Leilei Zhang recalls being on a public bus as a young girl when a man gripped her hand, glared at her and refused to let go.
It was a frightening experience and years later, with the determination to raise public awareness, she began a crowd-funding campaign to raise money for what could have been China's first public anti-sexual harassment advertisement.
She approached the authorities of her home city, Guangzhou, who did not want to take on the advertising for fear it would panic the public. So she decided to become a walking advertisement herself.
Describing herself as a "weirdo" with pink hair and a pink outfit, she wanders around public areas in Guangzhou wearing billboards warning of the dangers of sexual harassment on public transport.
But she also printed and delivered 100 similar billboards to volunteers around China asking them to post on social media a picture of themselves with the billboard near recognisable landmarks and in public transport to support the cause.
The hashtag #Iamabillboardonthemove and #Walkingagainstsexualharassment started trending on China's Twitter-like Weibo site, as people shared their experiences.
Their responses, she says, taught her so much about China. Here are some of their stories:
I felt like bursting into tears after 34 attempts to get people to engage with the billboard ended in failure.
One man even asked me: "I am a man, why are you coming to me?". Or: "Isn't it inappropriate to talk to me for this topic?" Someone pretended not to see my billboard and waved me away.
I'm not good at communicating with people but I do think this will make me braver.
I wanted to stand up and encourage more women to say no to sexual harassment because I regretted staying silent about my experience.
On a rainy night last year, a man rubbed his hand against my leg on a crowded bus. Even after I moved around, he kept touching my leg.
I didn't shout out because I was too scared. I was alone and feared a backlash if I exposed him immediately there on the bus.
Holding the billboard in a Shanghai metro, when you are packed in like sardines, is very difficult. I nearly broke the billboard during rush hour.
I thought carrying the bright yellow board around would have got a lot of attention, but I was wrong. Everyone glued themselves to their phone screens!
I've studied in the UK and knew it's ordinary to protest and strike so I felt so proud to walk out in Shanghai and make my voice heard.
In June Ms Zhang will send all the pictures and stories she has collected throughout the month to China's Ministry of Transport and also Guangzhou's local transport authority to pressure them to carry on the campaign.
She has met with some resistance, for example, one campaign introduction article on China's WeChat public messaging platform was mysteriously deleted.
But how effective can she really be even with more volunteers?
"Although my efforts might seem small, this is something I believe in,"  she said.
She says the stories and experiences she has uncovered from her volunteers prove that no matter how small-scale it is a campaign worth pursuing.


A street drinker who nearly died from drinking alcoholic hand wash has detailed how his gang systematically raided London hospitals for the fluid.

Bartlomiej, 30, who was in rehab in his native Poland, lost 1.5 litres of blood in a haemorrhage caused by his habit.
Meanwhile, Freedom of Information requests revealed dozens of reports of thefts across seven hospitals.
Since 2012 police have been called, staff attacked and patients, not linked to the gang, have lost consciousness.
Bartlomiej, who did not wish to give his surname, lived in London for more than a year. He said: "We lived in various places, always nearby hospitals.
"We were squatting, or we just illegally lived in houses or different accommodation.
"Those were the places we were binge drinking. It's a really simple life."
He listed Charing Cross Hospital, King's College Hospital, North Middlesex Hospital, St George's Hospital, Lambeth Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital as among the institutions they targeted.
Bartlomiej continued: "You don't have to steal it because it's widely available - we've just been walking in with a plastic cup.
"If it was manual dispenser we just filled a half of a cup of this spirit gel and we mixed it with water, half-and-half.
"You don't need to drink a lot of it to get drunk.
"I've lost a few of my friends, the ones who drank Ace cider and hand wash gel."
The deaths of at least three people in London have been linked by coroners to the consumption of alcohol hand wash since 2008. Two were poisoned while one drowned in a canal in Paddington after visiting St Mary's Hospital.
And a BBC London Freedom of Information request found cases reported at Barts Health NHS Trust, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, St George's Hospital, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals, Homerton Hospital, the Royal Free Hospital and Guy's and St Thomas Hospital.
Guy's and St Thomas saw the most cases, with 29 reports of hand wash theft in the past three years.
A spokeswoman for the hospital said hand wash was vital to maintain hygiene, but staff were told to remain vigilant about people drinking it and to report anything suspicious.
However, incident logs obtained by the BBC made clear the problems caused on London's hospital wards by those swallowing the substance.
â€¢ At the Royal Free Hospital a patient was found unconscious in his bed with alcohol gel by the bedside and another container in his bag. Emergency care had to be given.
â€¢ At St George's Hospital a patient was found drinking the gel in bed. According to the medical report he was constantly trying to get up, and then tripped and fell. The log described the subsequent action taken as: "Patient put back to bed."
â€¢ At the Royal London Hospital a member of staff was assaulted by someone stealing hand gel. Security or police have been called by the trust on four occasions over the issue.
Janice Stevens, interim chief nurse at the Royal London, said: "A nurse was assaulted when a member of the public was trying to take alcohol gel, which they were going to consume.
"Security was immediately called, the person was removed and the nurse was supported following the assault."
She continued: "The alcohol gel is locked and we've removed alcohol gel from the non-clinical areas such as outpatients, which is lower in risk of infection.
"Staff are aware of the importance of keeping an eye on the gel and we are just piloting an alcohol-free gel to see whether that has the same impact on the bugs. It's there to prevent infections such as MRSA."
Dr Sarah Jarvis, a leading GP, warned: "These alcohol gels are not made to be drunk. Therefore they will have all sorts of things added to them which will be very toxic.
"They can cause severe inflammation on the inside of your gut.
"This is going to be a particular problem for alcoholics because they tend to have inflammation on the stomach and they can have swollen veins inside their stomach, so they are much more prone to bleeding."
She continued: "You can also get alcohol poisoning, which can be fatal.
"There's absolutely no question that these things can kill and there have been several situations where patients have been killed."
Hospitals across London detailed the extra precautions they were taking, which included installing lockable dispensers. In other cases a foam was used rather than a gel, hand wash was removed from some public areas and non-alcoholic wash or gel with a thicker consistency trialled.
An NHS England spokeswoman said: "In the interests of patient safety, hospitals take a vigilant approach to preventing infection.
"Hospitals have alcohol hand wash to protect patients, the public and NHS staff, and to support high standards of cleanliness.
"We would condemn any gangs or individuals targeting hand gel for their own purposes which could put patients' health wellbeing at risk."
The Metropolitan Police and the Department for Health made no comment.


The Night Tube service is to begin in July, London's mayor has said.

When it starts, passengers will be able to travel through the night on Fridays and Saturdays on the Victoria, Jubilee, Central, Northern and Piccadilly Lines.
It was due to start in September but was delayed due to pay and conditions disputes with unions.
Responding to Boris Johnson's July claim, Transport for London (TfL) said no date had been set, while unions said there were still issues to be agreed.
Mr Johnson made the announcement as he used a training simulator being used by some of the 200 part-time drivers who will run the service.
More on this and other news from London
A TfL spokesman said: "We are not in a position to fix an exact date but we are working to a time in late July at the earliest, to start the Night Tube service."
Mr Johnson claimed the service would be "great news for those looking to work and play throughout the night" and it will give London "another economic shot in the arm".
Last year unions went on strike over the introduction of the Night Tube and other issues.
The breakthrough followed the acceptance of a pay deal by members of the two biggest Tube unions - Aslef and the Rail, Maritime and Transport (RMT) union.
The Transport Salaried Staffs Association (TSSA) and Unite have yet to accept the deal.
TSSA leader Manuel Cortes said: "A lot of water will go under the bridge between now and then, including the fact that London will have a new mayor.
"Like Boris's broken promise to keep all booking offices open, Night Tube proposals may still go up in smoke."
Meanwhile the RMT remains in dispute over night Tube safety and is balloting 1,500 maintenance staff for strike action.
Its general secretary Mick Cash said: "We may have settled the dispute for LU staff on pay and conditions but the idea that all of the outstanding issues have been resolved, not least the safety case and the Tube Lines engineers dispute, is simply not true."
Referring to the delay in introducing the all-night service, Mr Johnson said: "We've had to go a bit slower than I necessarily would have wanted, but on the other hand better to do that... I thought Londoners would rather wait a little bit than we pay an exorbitant demand to get it done."


The film version of erotic novel Fifty Shades of Grey has premiered at the Berlin Film Festival in Germany.

Novelist EL James attended the event with director Sam Taylor-Johnson and stars Jamie Dornan and Dakota Johnson.
"It's an extremely romantic movie and at the heart of it, it is a love story," Taylor-Johnson told reporters. "I think we've got that balance right."
The 18-certificate film has its UK premiere in London later, ahead of a worldwide release on 13 February.
Accompanied by her husband, actor Aaron Johnson, Taylor-Johnson - formerly Taylor-Wood - said she was "very nervous and excited" at the thought of screening the film to an international audience
The visual artist turned film-maker said she was "proud of what we've achieved" and "proud of [her] cast", which also includes singer Rita Ora and Oscar-winning actress Marcia Gay Harden.
James's Fifty Shades trilogy details the sadomasochistic affair between a young student, Anastasia Steele, and a billionaire businessman, Christian Grey.
Often sneered at as "mummy porn" for its explicit sex scenes, the British author's books have sold more than 100 million copies worldwide.
Reviews for the film have ranged between one and four stars. The Guardian called it "the most purely tasteful and soft-core depiction of sadomasochism in cinema history", while the Telegraph said it had "worked out... almost shockingly well".
Taylor-Johnson, however, insisted she "never" reads reviews. "I just don't bother with them anymore," she told reporters in Berlin.
"You can read really lovely things, and then one bad review stays with you forever. You focus on that and don't think about what's positive.
"I'm much more concerned with what fans will think. This movie is dedicated to them and I hope they like it."
Those fans waited all day on Wednesday outside Berlin's Zoo Palast theatre, some armed with flowers and copies of the books.
Dornan, who previously played a serial killer in BBC drama The Fall, said he was prepared for the additional attention playing Grey would bring.
"I accepted that this role would change my life when I took the part," said the Northern Irish actor. "Although when you see the way fans are reacting, it hits you afresh.
"However, I'm still the same person I was before I was Christian Grey. I have a wife and a child and my circle of friends are the same. I'm not going anywhere."
Speaking on the red carpet, the actor acknowledged "the book and the film aren't to everyone's taste".
"But that's fine," he continued. "I think we've done something classy."
"It's very important that everyone who might wish to judge remembers that Anastasia acts of her own free will in the movie," said co-star Dakota Johnson. "It's a story where everything that happens between these two people is consensual."
The 25-year-old said her parents, actors Don Johnson and Melanie Griffith, had yet to see the movie but were "very proud" of her.
An estimated 4.5 million tickets have already been sold in the 39 countries where Fifty Shades of Grey will be released this weekend.
Taylor-Johnson confirmed she is in talks to direct the next two films of the trilogy but said nothing had been decided "as yet".
James said she was "excited" but "hated" being the centre of attention. "To be honest, I'm looking forward to going home later and reading all about it with a gin and tonic," she revealed.
The best-selling novelist, whose real name is Erika Mitchell, said she had had "input as a producer from the first to last frame".
"What you see up there, I had a say in all of it," she declared.
In an interview with the Hollywood Reporter, Taylor-Johnson admitted she and James had clashed during shooting and that making the film had been "an incredibly painful process".
"We'd often clash and have to find a way to work through that to get to some sort of resolution," she is quoted as saying. "She would be the first to say as well that it was not easy."


Leon Goretzka scored twice in the opening eight minutes as Germany beat Mexico 4-1 in Sochi to join Chile in the Confederations Cup final.

The Schalke midfielder swept home a Benjamin Henrichs pass from 20 yards and then slotted home from Timo Werner's through ball.
Werner then tapped home Jonas Hector's pass to increase Germany's lead.
Marco Fabian scored a brilliant 35-yard strike for Mexico, before Amin Younes added a fourth for Germany.
Mexico had plenty of chances to come back into the game at 2-0 down but squandered them.
Fabian's stunner came too late to threaten a comeback, although there was a chaotic ending with several chances at both ends.
While Germany go on to Sunday's final in St Petersburg, Mexico face Portugal in a third-fourth play-off earlier that day.
Germany boss Joachim Low left most of his regular star players at home, including Manuel Neuer, Jerome Boateng, Mesut Ozil, Toni Kroos and Thomas Muller.
And the fact their weakened squad includes first-team players from Barcelona, Bayern Munich, Manchester City, Paris St-Germain, Arsenal and Liverpool speaks a lot about the strength in depth of German football.
Germany have two young teams in international finals this weekend. Five of the starting 11 in the Confederations Cup semi-final would have been eligible for Saturday's European Under-21 Championship final against Spain - including Goretzka and Werner, who are now joint top scorers in the tournament with three apiece.
Despite their opponents having chances, Germany looked comfortable, with Goretzka impressive before he was replaced midway through the second half and Werner staking a claim to be Germany's first-choice striker for next summer's World Cup.
The RB Leipzig frontman could have scored more, but was thwarted when he attempted to poke one effort through Guillermo Ochoa's legs, and put another shot wide.
Ajax's Younes scored their late fourth, turning home a pass from fellow substitute Emre Can.
With better finishing, Mexico could have revitalised a game that felt over within eight minutes. They had more than twice as many shots as Germany - 26-12 - and had more efforts on target too, eight to seven.
Fabian's effort from a short free-kick was the best goal of the game.
At 2-0, Giovani dos Santos forced a save from Marc-Andre ter Stegen and Javier Hernandez shot over from six yards, while Hector Herrera and Raul Jimenez also tested the Barcelona keeper.
Jimenez went even closer when he hit the crossbar with a header in the 75th minute, although at 3-0 that would only have been a consolation.
After Younes made it 4-1 in injury time, Mexico still had time for more attempts with Hernandez clipping the post and Jimenez heading wide.
Mexico start their Gold Cup defence a week after their third-fourth play-off against Portugal.
However, only three members of the Confederations Cup squad are playing in the tournament for teams in North and Central America and the Caribbean.
Mexico coach Juan Carlos Osorio: "We deserved a better result. They were very efficient and we gave them too much room, but we should have scored at least one or two more goals.
"We had enough chances to do so. Even after conceding early on we had the mental strength to fight back."
Germany boss Joachim Low: "It was an intense game. That the team managed to do what we'd discussed during our preparations for the match was both important and impressive.
"Mexico try to impose their game on their opponents but we showed that we wanted to win and dominate. We did that superbly, especially in the first 15 or 20 minutes.
"Our young players deserve credit for that. We got what we wanted, but you can't count on that happening before the game. It was a wonderful performance."
Match ends, Germany 4, Mexico 1.
Second Half ends, Germany 4, Mexico 1.
Attempt saved. Raúl Jiménez (Mexico) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Miguel Layún with a cross.
Corner,  Mexico. Conceded by Antonio Rüdiger.
Attempt blocked. Chicharito (Mexico) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Hirving Lozano.
Goal!  Germany 4, Mexico 1. Amin Younes (Germany) left footed shot from the left side of the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Emre Can.
Attempt blocked. Timo Werner (Germany) left footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked. Assisted by Joshua Kimmich.
Goal!  Germany 3, Mexico 1. Marco Fabián (Mexico) right footed shot from more than 35 yards to the top right corner. Assisted by Héctor Herrera following a set piece situation.
Rafael Márquez (Mexico) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Emre Can (Germany).
Hand ball by Amin Younes (Germany).
Attempt missed. Rafael Márquez (Mexico) header from the centre of the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Miguel Layún with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Mexico. Conceded by Matthias Ginter.
Foul by Miguel Layún (Mexico).
Emre Can (Germany) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt blocked. Hirving Lozano (Mexico) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Héctor Herrera.
Offside, Mexico. Rafael Márquez tries a through ball, but Héctor Moreno is caught offside.
Attempt saved. Rafael Márquez (Mexico) header from the centre of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal. Assisted by Miguel Layún with a cross.
Corner,  Mexico. Conceded by Amin Younes.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Marco Fabián (Mexico) because of an injury.
Delay in match Antonio Rüdiger (Germany) because of an injury.
Corner,  Mexico. Conceded by Antonio Rüdiger.
Substitution, Germany. Amin Younes replaces Julian Draxler.
Attempt missed. Héctor Herrera (Mexico) right footed shot from outside the box is too high.
Substitution, Germany. Julian Brandt replaces Lars Stindl.
Foul by Raúl Jiménez (Mexico).
Matthias Ginter (Germany) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Raúl Jiménez (Mexico) hits the bar with a header from the centre of the box. Assisted by Hirving Lozano.
Attempt saved. Julian Draxler (Germany) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Jonas Hector.
Corner,  Germany. Conceded by Héctor Moreno.
Emre Can (Germany) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Rafael Márquez (Mexico) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Emre Can (Germany).
Attempt missed. Hirving Lozano (Mexico) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Oswaldo Alanís.
Attempt blocked. Néstor Araújo (Mexico) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Oswaldo Alanís.
Attempt blocked. Oswaldo Alanís (Mexico) header from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Marco Fabián with a cross.
Corner,  Mexico. Conceded by Marc-André ter Stegen.
Attempt saved. Miguel Layún (Mexico) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Héctor Herrera.
Héctor Herrera (Mexico) wins a free kick in the defensive half.


An £11m expansion of the Ulster University's Magee campus has been halted after the construction company was placed into administration.

Work on the new teaching block in Londonderry began last year after being given the green light by Employment and Learning Minister Stephen Farry.
When finished, the building will include a 340-seat lecture theatre, 20 classrooms and a café.
T&A Kernoghan Limited said it was "profoundly disappointed".
The Newtownabbey based company has been operating for more than 25 years but has run into financial problems.
It said that upwards of 50 jobs could be lost.
In a statement, Ulster University said: "The university continues to manage the construction work under way to ensure the continued progress of the development of the new teaching block at our Magee campus."
The steel frame of the building on the Northland Road is in place, some underground pipes have been laid but workers from T&A Kernoghan are no longer on site.
In April 2016, Minister Stephen Farry said the new teaching block would be an essential component of the Magee campus.
BDO Northern Ireland have been appointed as joint administrators over T&A Kernoghan Limited.
They confirmed to the BBC that "due to the extent of the company's financial difficulties, the joint administrators have been required to make all staff redundant and cease operations across the various building sites throughout the UK".
The new teaching block at Magee campus was expected to take two years to complete. It is unclear how long the project will be delayed.


CCTV monitoring could be brought back across the Dyfed-Powys police area, two years after it was scrapped.

The plan has been put forward by Police and Crime Commissioner Dafydd Llywelyn to help "keep our communities safe".
His predecessor Christopher Salmon stopped CCTV monitoring after a report concluded removing cameras did not result in significant rises in crime.
An average Band D household would have to pay an extra 27p per week under the new plans.
Mr Llywelyn said a consultation at the end of last year confirmed "our communities are willing to pay more for policing".
"Some people might say it is a hike - it's not an easy decision, but I'm not going to shy away from it because I think it's the right thing to do," he said.
The plan would also lead to improvements in Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC) grading for the force, he added.
Cllr Gwynne Hopkins, of Carmarthenshire council, said it was a "unique situation".
"I've never agreed to increase a precept by over five per cent, but I've never seen a precept reduce or being frozen either," he said
"So, whilst I'm reluctant to do so, I'm in favour."
But Cllr David Evans of Powys council said he and his colleagues could not support such a "substantial" increase.


Thousands of football fans turned out to watch Chelsea's victory parade following their Premier League victory.

Three open-top buses took the first team, youth team and family members on a parade from Stamford Bridge towards the King's Road in west London.
Chelsea ended their campaign eight points clear at the top after a final day win over Sunderland on Sunday.
The match also marked Didier Drogba's final game for the club after he announced his intention to move on.
Following the championship win, manager Jose Mourinho said: "We have art in our game but we also have fantastic spirit, organisation and pragmatism.
"We are a complete team and that is why we are champions."
The side had topped the Premier League table for a record 274 days ensuring they would be crowned champions for the first time in five years.


Ukrainian officials have introduced a number of urgent measures to head off an outbreak of swine flu in the country, such as temporarily closing schools and banning some public gatherings.

The Kiev city government has introduced a compulsory "mask regime" for its workers.
So far, the virus has killed 60 people, and is approaching, or has reached, epidemic levels in parts of the country - including the eastern Donetsk region, where fighting continues against Russian-backed insurgents.
Still, health authorities insist there is no reason for undue concern - an outbreak of swine flu was anticipated for this winter. The measures are primarily "prophylactic," they say, in order to prevent the disease from growing into uncontrollable levels.
"There is no reason for panic," Alexander Kvitashvili, the country's health minister, said on Tuesday. "Ukraine is in the same situation as its neighbours in Central and Eastern Europe."
Still, the disease seems to have caught Ukrainian officials flat-footed. And the number of fatalities, which has surged in the last week, is a cause for worry.
"From the point of view of doctors, the situation is serious," said Dr Fyodor Lapiy, Kiev's chief immunologist. "The number of cases of sickness are growing, and very many young people have fallen ill."
According to Dr Lapiy, one of the main reasons for the increase is the lack of a "culture of vaccination" among both doctors and the general population.
The number of physicians recommending to their patients to be immunized is extremely low, and the percentage of those who have actually received their flu shots is "practically non-existent," he says.
Another factor contributing to the seriousness of the outbreak is that many people do not seek treatment until the flu has progressed to an acute - and difficult to treat - stage.
"I encourage all people who suspect they have the flu, whether it is actually the flu or not, to go immediately to your physician," said Health Minister Kvitashvili.
Also, needed equipment, such as respiratory devices or surgical masks, are in short supply - or are misused.
However, this instance of swine flu also points to deeper and more chronic problems within Ukraine's health system. Seemingly, every outbreak of a major illness unleashes a panicked response, or at least a widespread scrambling, among health officials.
Last year, authorities launched a nationwide emergency polio vaccination campaign, after two children died from the virus in south western Ukraine.
At the heart of the problem lies a health system that requires major re-structuring and is rife with corruption. Doctors are grossly underpaid, and graft touches everything from the availability of treatment, to the supply of medications.
Complicating matters, parliament deputies failed to pass a major health reform package before leaving for vacation at the end of last year.
According to Dr Lapiy, Ukraine differs from its neighbours in significant ways. In contrast to European countries, trust in the health system is extremely low, which is common among post-Soviet states.
But Ukraine is more democratic, and chaotic, than most countries in the former Soviet Union, and therefore lacks a central authoritarian structure that allows decisions to be taken quickly and decisively, when needed.
This is best exhibited by the fact that the country has seen four health ministers in the last two years, he says.
"To sum it up in one word, what we lack is 'continuity'," he says.


Stuart Broad took 8-15 as Australia were bowled out for 60 and Joe Root hit a century as England put themselves in a strong position to win the Ashes on the first day of the fourth Test.

Broad passed 300 wickets and equalled the fastest Test five-wicket haul - 19 deliveries - as the tourists were dismissed in 111 balls at Trent Bridge.
Media playback is not supported on this device
It was the shortest first innings in Test history.
Root's unbeaten 124 helped England to 274-4 at the close, a lead of 214.
Alastair Cook scored 43 and Jonny Bairstow made 74, sharing a fourth-wicket stand of 173 at more than five runs an overs with Yorkshire team-mate Root.
Victory will give England an unassailable 3-1 lead in the five-match series and see them regain the urn they lost courtesy of a 5-0 whitewash in Australia in 2013-14.
Click here for the first session in numbers
Broad, bowling the first over, had Chris Rogers caught at first slip by Alastair Cook with his second ball - claiming his 300th wicket and inflicting a first duck in 46 Test innings on the Australia opener - before Steve Smith edged his sixth delivery to Joe Root at third slip.
Australia scored 10 runs in that first over, a sixth of their eventual total.
Mark Wood, returning to the England side after missing the third Test win at Edgbaston, struck in the following over when David Warner was caught behind off an inside edge.
Broad had Shaun Marsh held by Ian Bell at second slip in his second over and Adam Voges spectacularly taken one-handed by a diving Ben Stokes at fifth slip in his third.
Australia captain Michael Clarke became Broad's fifth victim, slashing to Cook at first slip from Broad's 19th ball, equalling the number of deliveries needed by Australia's Ernie Toshack to claim five wickets against India at Brisbane in 1947 - although Toshack did not open the bowling.
Steven Finn bowled Peter Nevill to reduce Australia to 33-7 after 9.2 overs, before Broad took the last three wickets as Mitchell Starc and Mitchell Johnson edged to Root at third slip and Nathan Lyon was held by Stokes at sixth slip.
There were still 20 minutes until lunch.
Australian commentator Jim Maxwell: "This is one of the most embarrassing batting performances in Test history."
Former England batsman Geoffrey Boycott: "Australia are just poor at batting when the ball moves. It hasn't moved as much as it did at Edgbaston. Some of the shots have been pathetic. Stuart Broad has just won the game - it's over."
Ex-England spinner Graeme Swann: "When a team gets on a roll, you just expect it. The slips expect to catch every ball. As soon as Australia were five down, somehow we knew that they would be all out before lunch. Everything's gone right for England."
Former England captain Michael Vaughan: "You get the odd morning like this in county cricket, under overcast skies. But you shouldn't get mornings like this in Ashes cricket. And England haven't even had to do that much - they've just bowled that fourth-stump channel."
Test Match Special's Henry Blofeld: "No script writers - even Sam Mendes in all those James Bond films - could have written this."
Former Australia bowler Glenn McGrath: "At lunch you thought it couldn't get any worse for Australia, but it has. It's been the tale of this series for Australia - they haven't adapted to English conditions with bat or ball."
Nottinghamshire seamer Broad, playing his 83rd Test, returned England's third best Ashes bowling figures on Thursday, bettered only by Jim Laker's 9-37 and 10-53 at Old Trafford in 1956, and the third-cheapest eight-wickets in Test history.
His five-wicket haul is the fastest taken from the start of a Test innings, beating the 25 balls required by South Africa's Vernon Philander to claim five New Zealand wickets at Cape Town in January 2013.
He has now joined team-mate James Anderson, Sir Ian Botham, Bob Willis and Fred Trueman in England's 300 club when he removed Rogers, and his eighth wicket drew him level with Trueman on 307.
Anderson, who reached the 300 mark in May 2013, is England's leading wicket-taker with 413, although he is missing the fourth Test with a side injury.
Having made his debut against Sri Lanka in 2007, Broad has played in three winning Ashes series - in 2009, 2010-11 and 2013 - and scored a Test century against Pakistan at Lord's in August 2010.
England again showed some top-order frailty as Adam Lyth was caught behind off Mitchell Starc - the sixth time the Yorkshire opener has failed to reach 20 in seven Ashes innings - before Ian Bell was trapped lbw by the same bowler for one.
Captain Cook provided a platform with 43 before he too fell lbw to Starc.
But Root again looked a class above everyone else at the crease, scoring his second century of the series and his eighth overall to usurp Rogers as the leading run scorer in the series and underline England's dominance.
The 24-year-old is the third player in Test history to double the opposing team's score on the first day of a Test match, after Graeme Smith (against Zimbabwe in 2005) and Alviro Petersen (against new Zealand in 2013).
He was ably assisted by Bairstow, who scored his fifth Test half-century in his second match since returning to the side in place of Gary Ballance.


Kim Jong-un, North Korea's 32-year-old leader, has been absent from public view for more than 38 days, prompting a flurry of speculation about the political stability of a regime notorious for its opaqueness and secrecy.

In particular, Mr Kim's non-attendance at two high-profile public events - the 10 October anniversary of the establishment of the Korean Worker's Party, and the 9 September Foundation Day of the North Korean State - two signature days in the political calendar when the leader would be expected to make an appearance, has been read by some as a sign of potential political turmoil behind the scenes.
Official North Korean media have cited unspecified personal "discomfort" as grounds for Mr Kim's absence from public view.
Foreign analysts of the regime have speculated, on the basis of very limited empirical evidence, that this may be based on a variety of causes ranging from gout, diabetes, heavy smoking on the part of the young leader, ankle injuries sustained during recent military inspection visits, and most recently (according to testimony from a German doctor who met Mr Kim) substantial problems in his endocrine system and internal organs.
Poor health is a plausible explanation for Mr Kim's decision to shun the limelight - a striking departure for a leader who, in marked contrast to his publicity-shy father (the late Kim Jong-il), has appeared to revel in high-profile public appearances.
A more dramatic interpretation is that Mr Kim has been the victim of a political coup and is languishing under house arrest, having been removed from power by members of the North's political and military gerontocracy alarmed by his penchant for purging his political rivals - most notably the execution of his uncle Jang Song-taek in December 2013 - and his failure to promote lasting economic prosperity.
In particular, senior members of the Pyongyang elite, may, according to this theory, have become increasingly disgruntled as a result of tightening international sanctions that have curtailed their access to privileges in-kind, typically in the form of ever more scarce luxury commodities.
Alternatively, Mr Kim's putative political fall from grace could be the result of worries within political circles that the North has been failing in the high-stakes game of international diplomacy.
An erratic policy over the last nine months of alternately sharply criticising and reaching out to the Park Geun-hye administration in South Korea has failed to deliver any political or economic dividends for the North, whether in the form of substantially expanded humanitarian aid, a re-start of tourism at the North's Mount Kumgang resort, or a dramatic rise in inward foreign investment and trade.
The Obama administration remains resolutely committed to not responding to the North's military and political provocations, and the North seems incapable of leveraging its de facto nuclear status into any meaningful political or diplomatic concessions from Washington; even China, the North's sole security guarantor and regional ally, has become increasingly irritated by Mr Kim's regional belligerence.
Yet for all the talk of coups and leadership realignments, the circumstantial evidence suggests that Mr Kim remains in charge. South Korea's intelligence community supports the view that he is recuperating from illness and that the decision to limit his public appearances is more likely an attempt to maintain the general air of infallibility associated with the Kim dynasty.
If anything, recent diplomatic overtures are, more plausibly, confirmation that Mr Kim continues to dictate national policy. The 4 October surprise visit to Seoul by a three-man delegation, headed by Mr Kim's trusted senior military adviser, Hwang Pyong-so, vice-chairman of the National Defence Commission and a former official in the country's powerful but secretive Organisation and Guidance Department (OGD), points to Kim still being in control.
Mr Hwang reportedly brought with him a personal message from Mr Kim to President Park and the visit was intended to open up rare diplomatic space for renewed North-South dialogue.
This comes on the heels of a similar overture in late September at the United Nations, when UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon received a handwritten letter from Mr Kim, delivered by North Korean foreign minister Ri Su-young - the first time in 15 years that a senior North Korean official has attended the United Nations.
Perhaps the strongest evidence against the coup scenario is the lack of a clear successor to Mr Kim. North Korea lacks any tradition of collective leadership to warrant a political transition in the North comparable to the post-Stalin shift that occurred under Khrushchev and Malenkov in the Soviet Union in 1953.
Most importantly the dominance of the Kim dynasty and reliance exclusively on family lineage as a basis for political legitimacy in the North restricts the range of eligible replacement leaders to a handful of distinctly implausible options. Mr Kim's two brothers are non-starters, with one of them in exile overseas and the second disqualified on grounds of his effeminate character and reported predilection for amphetamines.
There has been speculation that Mr Kim's younger sister, Kim Yo-jong, may be standing in temporarily for her brother, but even if true, it is highly unlikely that she would constitute a viable and publicly acceptable alternative leader in a highly sexist society that has no basis for having a woman at the helm.
For now, the most banal explanation for Kim Jong-un's absence is the most convincing - health concerns of an undisclosed nature are keeping him from public view.
If and when he returns, expect more diplomacy and efforts at renewed engagement with the outside world, coupled with periodic bouts of largely symbolic political and military sabre-rattling to demonstrate that North Korea remains both a force to be reckoned with and a state neither to be ignored nor taken for granted.
John Swenson-Wright is head of the Asia Programme at Chatham House.


Ulster secured a home quarter-final and condemned Leicester to an away tie as they ended the Tigers' unbeaten home run of 25 matches in the Heineken Cup.

It was 9-9 at the break thanks to a hat-trick of penalties from fly-half Toby Flood for Leicester and scrum-half Ruan Pienaar for the visitors.
A Flood penalty and Niall Morris's converted try put Tigers 19-9 up.
But a Pienaar penalty and his converted try levelled matters before his fifth penalty gave Ulster a dramatic win.
When Leicester were 10 points to the good with half an hour remaining it looked as though they would not only end the only unbeaten record in this season's tournament but also book a home quarter-final themselves.
But the Ulster players flew into the hosts in every tackle and at every breakdown to put them on the back foot and enable South Africa scrum-half Pienaar to guide the Irish province to a victory at Welford Road which ensures they qualify as top seeds.
The 1999 champions and 2012 beaten finalists are currently redeveloping their Ravenhill ground so it will hold 18,000 supporters.
They promise it will be ready for the quarter-finals on the weekend of 4-6 April and given the fervour of their fans it is unlikely to be anything other than a sell-out when they host Saracens, who will be the eighth and final qualifiers after Leicester's losing bonus point meant the Tigers finished as the best runners-up in the group stages.
Leicester were on top initially in a brutal encounter with their scrum going well and full-back Mathew Tait, who would later limp off injured, looking lively.
Second row Graham Kitchener nearly added a try to his fine line-out work as he was hauled down just short after a 40m burst, but despite not crossing the line Flood's boot guided Tigers into a 9-3 lead.
However, Ulster marry Irish defiance with a combination of beef and rugby intellect from South Africa and with Pienaar, the brains of their operation, pulling the strings and landing his penalties they pulled level at the break.
Again it was the hosts who began the better after the restart and when Ulster open-side flanker Chris Henry broke early from a scrum Flood restored Tigers' lead, which they soon extended to 10 points.
Tom Youngs went barrelling forwards from a high Flood kick and when the Tigers recycled the fly-half threaded through a precise grubber kick and winger Morris won the race to touch down.
Flood converted to make it 19-9 and surely Leicester were on their way, but Ulster were in no mood to accept defeat and hit back five minutes later when hooker Youngs went off his feet at a ruck and Pienaar found the target with the penalty.
Then came the decisive moment of the game as Pienaar charged down Flood's kick and won the race to touch down, before converting his own score from wide out to make it 19-19.
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The game was anyone's and Leicester went close after Flood's superb penalty to the corner earned them an attacking line-out, only for the fly-half to drop a pass five metres from the line as Tigers hammered away.
Ulster once again fought their way back into Leicester territory and Pienaar confirmed his class with a long-range penalty to put the visitors in front.
Leicester had a late scrum in the Ulster half but the visitors won the ball against the head and with it went Tigers' hopes as the Irish province made it six wins out of six and set up what promises to be a lively house warming party at Ravenhill.
Ulster captain Johann Muller: "It seems like it's happening every week, when Ruan scores all the points - he was outstanding.
"We came here to get a home quarter-final. Sarries totally outplayed us last season - they are a great side and don't mind going away to get a result.
"It's two months away and at this stage we will just enjoy the moment. We have not achieved anything yet and there's a huge amount of work left if we are to achieve something."
Leicester boss Richard Cockerill:  "We're disappointed with the result, but it was a good game. Ten points up we needed to control the game better but we did not manage the back field as well as we would have liked and they exposed us.
"At the moment it's probably Toulon [away in the last eight], tomorrow it may be Clermont who have an average home record - what is it, 73 games unbeaten?"
"We are in the quarter-finals and we have suffered a lot of adversity [through injuries], so that's not a bad effort from us."
Leicester: Tait; Morris, Smith, Allen, Goneva; Flood, B Youngs; Ayerza, T Youngs, Cole, Slater, Kitchener, Gibson, Salvi, Crane.
Replacements: Hamilton for Tait (38), Mele for B Youngs (69), Hawkins for T Youngs (68), Deacon for Kitchener (46), Mafi for Crane (19), Williams for Smith (80).
Not Used: Stankovich, Balmain, Williams.
Ulster: Payne; Trimble, Cave, L Marshall, Gilroy; P Jackson, Pienaar; Black, Best, Afoa, Muller, Tuohy, Wilson, Henry, Williams.
Replacements: Court for Black (55), Henderson for Tuohy (64), Diack for Williams (55).
Not Used: Herring, Lutton, McIlwaine, P Marshall, Allen.
Att: 24,000
Ref: Nigel Owens (Wales).


Many academy chains in England are struggling to improve the results of disadvantaged pupils, a report says.

The Sutton Trust study of 34 organisations which sponsor multiple academies says poor pupils in 22 of them performed significantly below the mainstream schools average in 2014.
But disadvantaged pupils in 11 chains outperformed those in mainstream schools at GCSE, the charity says.
Ministers said academies were transforming millions of pupils' lives.
In-depth analysis compared the results at 156 academies between 2012 and 2014 in 34 academy chains with those of mainstream state-funded schools.
The academies were chosen because they had been open and had GCSE results for the past three years.
The report, Chain Effects 2015, highlights how a handful of top performing chains, such as Ark and Harris Federation, with a large number of schools, were leading performance in the academy sector.
Results for disadvantaged students in these academy chains were at least 15 percentage points higher than those in mainstream schools, the report said.
But in many more academies, disadvantaged pupils did worse than those in mainstream schools. One chain performed at the mainstream average for disadvantaged pupils.
The results are significant because the government sees its academies programme as its main engine of improvement.
"Academy sponsorship is not a panacea," the report said.
Report author Prof Becky Francis said: "There is very significant variation in outcomes for disadvantaged pupils, both between and within chains.
"Some chains continue to achieve impressive outcomes for their disadvantaged students against a range of measures, demonstrating the transformational impact on life chances that can be made.
"However, a larger group of low-performing chains are achieving results that are not improving and may be harming the prospects of their disadvantaged students."
The report calls for new, clear and more rigorous criteria to be applied by the Department for Education (DfE) when sponsors are approved and commissioned.
"New chains should not be allowed to expand until they have a track record of success in driving improvement in their existing academies," it said.
"The government must not ignore the negative impact that a number of chains at the other end of the spectrum are having on school quality and (consequently) the life chances of the young people they serve," it added.
And it called for "the DfE to ensure transparency as academies are moved between chains" when standards were not good enough.
A DfE spokesman said: "The academies programme has transformed the lives of millions of pupils, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds, as this report shows.
"We are already working with many excellent academy sponsors and are recruiting more to pair with struggling schools so every child has access to the excellent education they deserve."
He added: "We know that for some academies there is more to do - which is hardly surprising when many of these are most likely to include sponsored academies which have a history of low performance in their former schools."


The death of a man who was found with "significant injuries" is being treated as murder, Northumbria police said.

Barry Solomon, 42, was discovered in a house in Kemble Square in Downhill, Sunderland on Saturday night.
Three youths arrested in connection with the death have been released on bail. A 39-year-old woman who was also arrested has been released "under investigation", without bail.
A cordon is in place at the property. Officers have appealed for witnesses.


Coca-Cola's global revenues slid 7% in the three months to September as consumers kept the lid on fizzy drinks.

The fall to $10.6bn (Â£8.67bn) was the sixth consecutive quarterly decline in revenue for the world's biggest soft drinks company.
The Latin America and Europe, Middle East and Africa regions both posted a 4% slide in revenues, although North America had 3% growth and Asia rose 4%.
Water and sports drinks helped drive a 3% rise in still beverage sales.
Net profit also fell 28% to $1.05bn (Â£859m) in the quarter.
Both revenue and profits were slightly better than analysts had expected, helping shares to rise almost 1% in New York to $42.88. The stock is flat for the year to date.
Volume sales of carbonated drinks such as Sprite, Fanta and Coca-Cola Zero were behind the 3% rise in North America to $2.66bn, while Diet Coke sales fell.
Sales of non-carbonated drinks, including iced tea, juices and energy drinks, rose 2% in North America.
The launch of Coca-Cola Zero Sugar in the UK, which replaced Coca-Cola Zero, enjoyed "strong double-digit unit case volume growth".
The company's new "One Brand" strategy, which gives Coca Cola, Coke Zero, Diet Coke, and Coca Cola Life a common visual identity, has now been introduced to 12 of its top markets.
James Quincey, Coca-Cola president and chief operating officer, told a conference last month that a new global marketing campaign called Taste the Feeling was beginning to boost sales.
"We see encouraging results in terms of retail sales growth of the Coca-Cola brand in total," he said. "We believe that marketing takes its time to build up. It is a huge business, and the Coca-Cola business is not going to suddenly change overnight."


Wales are still waiting to learn the full extent of Gareth Bale's calf injury after the Real Madrid forward had a scan.

Real confirmed the 26-year-old suffered "muscle damage" but did not give a timescale for his absence.
Bale came off during Real's Champions League win over Shakhtar Donetsk on Tuesday.
Wales need one point against Bosnia-Herzegovina on 10 October or Andorra three days later to reach Euro 2016.
Bale was replaced by Mateo Kovacic after 32 minutes in the Bernabeu, with Real boss Rafael Benitez saying the extent of the injury would not be known until later this week.
"He had a spasm in the calf muscle. We have to wait one or two days. He had a similar problem last year," said the Spaniard.
Bale has scored six of Wales' nine goals during qualifying, with Chris Coleman's team unbeaten during the campaign and leading Group B by a point from Belgium and five from third-placed Israel - who they drew 0-0 with in the last match.
"I'd like to think that we've got enough to actually qualify without him," former Wales captain Kevin Ratcliffe told BBC Wales Sport.
"If it is a calf, my concerns were that in the last few games that I've seen Gareth play for Wales he has been stretching that calf.
"I'm not too sure if it's a long-term problem but hopefully it's not too serious and if it is an injury then maybe in two or three weeks he's going to be OK."


The Democratic Unionist Party says it has had "positive talks" over a possible deal to support a Conservative minority government.

Tory chief whip Gavin Williamson met DUP chiefs in Belfast on Saturday.
The DUP said talks would continue to "work on the details" and "reach agreement", after No 10 had suggested a deal had been agreed in principle.
Meanwhile, Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson has dismissed reports of a Tory party leadership bid as "tripe".
The Mail on Sunday reported a "close ally" of Mr Johnson as saying it was "go-go-go" to get him to take over the party from Theresa May.
But Mr Johnson tweeted: "Mail on Sunday tripe - I am backing Theresa May. Let's get on with the job."
The agreement being discussed between the Tories, who fell eight seats short of a majority in Thursday's election, and the DUP, which won 10 seats, is known as a "confidence and supply" deal.
It is not a full coalition, but an agreement which sees the smaller party support the larger one in key votes such as on the Budget.
Downing Street and the DUP issued separate statements overnight, emphasising that the deal between them had not yet been finalised.
The tone of both was in contrast to Saturday evening's message from No 10, which said a deal had been agreed in principle.
In a DUP statement released at midnight, the party said: "The DUP held discussions with representatives of the Conservative Party in line with Arlene Foster's commitment to explore how we might bring stability to the nation at this time of great challenge.
"The talks so far have been positive."
Within an hour, Downing Street said the details would be put forward by both parties "as and when" they were finalised.
It added: "We will welcome any such deal being agreed, as it will provide the stability and certainty the whole country requires as we embark on Brexit and beyond."
In response to the earlier Downing Street statement, Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron called on Mrs May to make public immediately the details of the deal "stitched up behind closed doors".
Sinn FÃ©in's leader in Northern Ireland Michelle O'Neill said the DUP had "betrayed the interests of the people" there and the new arrangement would "end in tears".
Jeremy Corbyn said the government did not have any credibility to go forward and the Labour Party would do what it could to stop it, including by voting down the Queen's Speech.
The DUP are pro-union in UK terms, pro-Brexit and socially conservative.
The party's 2017 manifesto outlined calls for increases in the personal tax allowance, continued rises in the national living wage, renewal of the Trident nuclear deterrent and revisiting terrorism laws - all similar to Conservative policy.
But they differ in areas including abolishing air passenger duty, cutting VAT for tourism businesses and maintaining a triple lock on pensions.
Newsnight political editor Nick Watt said the DUP and Conservatives had been "looking at the full range of possibilities" during Mr Williamson's visit.
The parties had discussed everything from just an informal undertaking to a full coalition agreement.
He added: "I am told that what the DUP are looking at is securing benefits. So keep the pension triple lock and preserve universal benefits such as the winter fuel allowance for pensioners.
"That would allow the DUP to say 'we are not just acting in the interests of Northern Ireland, we are true unionists, we are acting in the interest of the whole of the United Kingdom'."
This deal would see the DUP promise to back the government in votes of no confidence and supply - or Budget - issues.
In return, the government would support or fund some of the DUP's policies.
These deals tend to be loose and a long way short of a formal coalition.
Minority governments like this are not uncommon.
John Major survived without a majority in the dying days of his Tory administration in the mid-1990s.
Labour's Harold Wilson and James Callaghan governed with minorities for much of the 1970s.
But these governments can be quite constrained in what they can do, passing as little legislation as possible to avoid defeat.
They can also be unstable and short lived, if the deal between the parties breaks down and fresh elections have to be called.
How a minority government might work


Pet owners have been warned about the dangers of venturing into freezing water after a dog and its owner had a lucky escape on a Highland loch.

The animal fell through the frozen surface of Loch Morlich near Aviemore after a ball was thrown on to the ice.
A man smashed his way through the ice, wading in up to his neck, to rescue the struggling animal.
The rescue was captured by photographer Roger Cruickshank, who was using a drone camera to film views of the loch.
Mr Cruickshank said: "The dog wasn't big enough to pull itself out of the water. Every time it did manage, the ice would just crack again. We honestly thought it wouldn't make it and drown.
"A man went in to rescue it and the ice was thin enough so that he could punch through it. They were very lucky."
Although the man made it back to shore in the incident on Saturday, the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service warned pet owners not to attempt similar action around ice.
A spokeswoman said: "We would encourage people to keep their animals under control so they do not go out onto ice.
"If their animal does go out, whilst it may be weight bearing for the animal, it might not be for the person. So please do not go onto the ice to coax the animal back to shore.
"If the animal has entered the water and they feel it is at risk, then they should call 999 for assistance. But under no circumstances, should they enter the water themselves as it could put them at risk."


Hollywood couple Justin Timberlake and Jessica Biel are suing Heat magazine in the High Court in Dublin over an article published last month.

The couple, who have been married for two years, claim they were defamed in the European edition.
"We have issued defamation proceedings on behalf of our clients," said international media lawyer Paul Tweed from Johnson's law firm.
The company will represent the couple in Europe.
"We are suing in Ireland in relation to publication in all jurisdictions, as our clients are entitled to do," added Tweed.
He also said the case was unlikely to be heard before the middle of next year.
In September, the magazine published an article and photographs of Timberlake and appeared to quote Biel in the article.
Separate defamation proceedings in each of the stars' names were lodged earlier this week at the High Court against the publishers of Heat, Bauer Consumer Media.
Bauer is the German-based publisher of Heat and a range of other titles.
The couple got married at the Borgo Egnazia resort in Puglia, Italy, in October 2012.
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The family of a man who went missing after a night out 10 days ago have said they are "at their wits' end".

Deakon Wilkins, 24, from Weston-super-Mare, vanished after leaving Motion nightclub in Bristol in the early hours of 14 January.
His father Andrew Wilkins said family members were "trying to keep busy" but "didn't know what to do".
Avon and Somerset Police said it was "increasingly concerned" and using "significant" resources in its search.
Mr Wilkins said his son was last seen on CCTV leaving the nightclub at 04:30 GMT.
"Just as he was leaving, he [left a voice mail] and he sounds coherent and he doesn't sound drunk at all," he said.
"We're at our wits' end we don't know what to do now."
His mother Marcella Wilkins said someone has "got to see him soon".
"Every day is a long day - if you hear the phone go or a knock on the door you just hope," she said.
Mr Wilkins is described as 5ft 10in (1.78m) tall, medium build with ginger hair and a tattoo between his neck and chest that says 'Rush'.
When last seen he was wearing a red fitted jumper, black smart blazer, dark jeans and red trainers.
His parents will be distributing leaflets about him in Bristol city centre later.


Police say the gunman who killed a professor at the University of California Los Angeles had a 'kill list', which led them to find a woman dead in Minnesota.

Professor William Klug, 39, was shot dead at UCLA on Wednesday.
LA police believe the gunman, identified as Mainak Sarkar, then killed himself.
Sarkar may have believed the professor had stolen his intellectual property, said police chief Charlie Beck.
Police said Sarkar, who was in a research group with Klug, drove from Minnesota to Los Angeles to kill Klug before killing himself. A gun was found at the scene.
On a list found at Sarkar's home in Minnesota was a woman found dead in her home, Klug, and another UCLA professor, who is safe.
A blog post appearing to be written by Sarkar calls Klug a "sick guy" and said the two had personal differences, according to the AP news agency.
"Your enemy is your enemy. But your friend can do a lot more harm. Be careful about whom you trust," the blog reads.
The UCLA campus remained under lockdown for hours on Wednesday as a massive police operation took place.
Officers found what could be a suicide note, the LA police chief said.
Colleagues of Klug's said he was a married father of two and described him as a kind, gentle person.
The Los Angeles Times reported that he was trying to develop a computer-generated virtual heart.
Staff and students barricaded themselves inside buildings during the lockdown on the massive UCLA campus.
About 43,000 students are enrolled there.
Classes were cancelled on Wednesday, but were expected to resume on Thursday.


Train services between Tanzania and Zambia have been paralysed by a strike by more than 1,500 Tanzanian workers.

A union official said workers had not been paid for five months by Tanzania's government because of a financial crisis at the railway authority.
The government has not yet commented on the strike.
China funded the building of the track, which stretches for 1,860km (1,155 miles), in the 1970s to boost links between the neighbours.
It gave the two governments a $500m (Â£330m) interest-free loan for the project.
However, the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (Tazara), set up by the two governments to operate the service, is running at a loss, says the BBC's Tulanana Bohela in Tanzania's main city, Dar es Salaam.
The authority is desperately seeking a private investor to prevent its collapse, as the Tanzanian and Zambian governments are reluctant to continue financing it, she adds.
People in rural areas normally use the rail service. It is also used to transport cargo, especially copper and timber, from Zambia to Tanzania,  our reporter says.
Tanzania Railway Workers Union official Erastus Kihwele told BBC Focus on Africa that the two government should seek "emergency funds" to pay employees.
He said many of them had no money to pay rent or the school fees for their children because they had not been given their salaries for five months.
The strike had been called for a week, but could continue if their demands were not met, Mr Kihwele added.


Bath second row Dominic Day is to leave the club at the end of the season to join Japanese side Toyota Verblitz.

The 30-year-old Wales international has made 78 Premiership appearances for Bath since his 2012 move from Scarlets.
"I've absolutely loved my time with Bath, and will be sad to leave," Day told the club website.
"At this stage in my career, I just felt the time was right for a fresh challenge, and that will certainly be the case in Japan."
Day, who made his Wales debut against Ireland in Cardiff in 2015, featured for his country in the World Cup against Uruguay.
"We're sad to see him go, but understand the decision he has made," Bath head coach Mike Ford said.
"We wish him all the very best, and I'm sure he'll be a success in Japan."


An amazing 456 hot air balloons took to the skies at the same time in France, breaking a record set two years earlier at the same event.

30 July 2017 Last updated at 11:59 BST
The spectacular scene took place on Friday at an air base in Chambley-BussiÃ¨res.
The balloons came in a variety of designs, including giant smiley faces and a kangaroo.
Over 45 nationalities were represented at the event and it took 45 minutes to get all the balloons in the sky at the same time.
Courtesy of Mondial Air Ballons


Labour candidate Kenny Young has won the Midlothian East Council by-election.

Mr Young held off an SNP challenge at Midlothian Council.
He took a Midlothian East seat which had been won in 2012 by a party member who later became independent.
His victory margin was 69 votes at the fifth count.


Two students have described the moment they found a suspected burglar dangling upside down from a window.

They found the 'intruder' wedged in the frame 8ft (2.4m) off the ground at Nottingham Trent University's Arkwright building.
Daniel De Niet and Tom Burdett had been returning home after a night out and said the man told them he had been there for five hours.
Carl Attar, 27,  was charged with burglary and remanded in custody.
Mr De Niet said the pair had been having a race on the way home when they took a short cut outside the Arkwright building at about 2:00 GMT on Friday.
"I got to the top of the stairs and I heard shouting and screaming for help," he said.
"I looked up and saw someone wedged in the window."
Mr Burdett said: "I turned the corner and saw a pair of legs sticking out of a window quite far up.
"I was in pure hysterics. I couldn't stop laughing for a good few minutes."
The pair initially thought he was a drunk student who got himself wedged in the middle of a prank.
But after the fire service freed Mr Attar, with a saw and a ladder, he was arrested on suspicion of burglary.
Mr Burdett said: "He was actually doing a handstand whilst his legs were jammed in place in the window frame.
"He was in a lot of pain, he was crying when we first got there. He was in a lot of distress, understandably so."
Mr Attar appeared at Nottingham Magistrates' Court on Monday and was remanded into custody until 2 February.