Lena Dunham, the writer and actress behind HBO series Girls, has praised women's magazine Glamour for not airbrushing an image of her on its cover.

"Thank you to @glamourmag for letting my cellulite do the damn thing on news stands everywhere today," she wrote in an Instagram post.
She appears on the magazine's February issue, said to be 100% produced by women, with Girls co-stars Allison Williams, Zosia Mamet and Jemima Kirke.
Ms Dunham said she was proud to have her thigh "on full imperfect display" on the cover of a magazine read by millions of women.
In her teens she was often told she was "funny looking", she writes. "Potbelly, rabbit teeth, knock knees - I could never seem to get it right and it haunted my every move. I posed as the sassy confident one, secretly horrified and hurt by careless comments and hostility. Let's get something straight: I didn't hate what I looked like - I hated the culture that was telling me to hate it."
Lena Dunham: 'I never want to be retouched again'
While she is known for baring skin on television, Ms Dunham complained about the way the decision to show her body was received.
"When my career started, some people celebrated my look but always through the lens of "isn't she brave? Isn't it such a bold move to show THAT body on TV?"
Ms Dunham is one of a long list of female celebrities who have taken issue with the use of Photoshop to airbrush pictures of women in magazines and film posters.
Earlier this year she complained that a Spanish magazine had used "mad Photoshop" on a photo of her, but later backed down after the magazine said it did no such thing and it was an image approved by her publicist.
In response, she said she had a "long and complicated history with retouching".
Cellulite is a permanent change in the fat stored under the skin and it is inevitable in most women.
As the fat cells enlarge with age, they push through the connecting fibres, which stay the same size, giving the effect of a balloon being blown up through a string vest. The dimples on the outer skin are the fat cells emerging through.
Cellulite affects people of all sizes because everyone has fat cells. Men can develop cellulite but it's not as visible because their network of fat cells is deeper in the skin, their fat distribution is different and the hair can cover it up.


Cambridge University Conservatives have expelled their communications officer over claims he taunted a homeless man by burning a £20 note.

The student, reported to be Ronald Coyne of Pembroke College, was filmed in Cambridge on 2 February.
The Tab student newspaper said images showed the student, in white tie, trying to set fire to the cash, before the camera panned to a homeless man.
The allegations are being investigated by university officials.
In a statement, a spokeswoman said the university was "aware of an incident" but could not comment further while the disciplinary process was under way.
More news from Cambridgeshire
Images from a video taken in the early hours were sent to The Tab. The paper said Mr Coyne was a first year student from West Lothian.
The student's formal evening dress, seen in the video, is no longer commonly worn, according to Debrett's
A statement posted on Cambridge University Conservative Association's (CUCA) website said the "committee was made aware of the private behaviour of an individual member which we considered to be abhorrent and repugnant".
"We took immediate action to revoke his membership and expelled him from the association."
His actions were not representative of the group, it said.
Since the incident was publicised, Pembroke College has restricted comments on its official Facebook page.
The move was "to allow a period of calm reflection about an incident by a student which has caused distress and outrage to many people", it wrote.
"We expect our students to treat others with respect, courtesy and consideration at all times, and take allegations of unacceptable behaviour very seriously.
"However, social media is not the most suitable media for every type of discussion," the college added.
John Bird, the Cambridge-based founder of the Big Issue, said: "What I don't like about it, is that it's insulting to the very person they were trying to play this game on.
"But I'm more positive about the public than I am about an occasional scumbag who wants to prove their superiority because they're dolled up, and they've got the money."
Cambridgeshire Police said it had not received any reports or complaints.
The force said it was not a crime to burn a banknote.


Ever wondered how a zoo prepares for an animal escape?

Media playback is unsupported on your device
11 February 2015 Last updated at 16:08 GMT
Using two men in a papier mache rhino of course!
Over a hundred staff took part in this bizarre drill, which tries to recreate what would happen if a rhino escaped after an earthquake.
Once keepers had surrounded the rhino with a net, it was tranquillized and captured, before the two staff inside the rhino were allowed to return to their normal duties.


The fates of a string of new movies are up in the air after a Hollywood studio filed for bankruptcy protection.

Relativity Media filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on Thursday and will now sell its TV and film arms.
However, it said it would go ahead with the releases of Kristen Wiig's Masterminds and Halle Berry's Kidnap.
But it is less clear what the future holds for around a dozen other films, including Natalie Portman's hotly anticipated western Jane Got A Gun.
Jane Got A Gun, which also stars Joel Edgerton and Ewan McGregor, had been due for release this September, and had been tipped as a possible awards contender.
Deadline reported that Relativity relinquished its share of the film's distribution rights before bankruptcy proceedings began, and that its backers now hope to release it early next year.
Relativity Media was founded in 2004 and was dubbed a "mini-major" studio with releases including Oscar-winners The Social Network and The Fighter.
The company also made MTV show Catfish, and said it would press ahead with a number of international versions of the show as well as a sequel called Truce.
TV drama Limitless, based on the Relativity movie of the same name starring Bradley Cooper, will be screened on CBS this year, it added.
Variety reported that the company would also "move forward" with a remake of 1994 film The Crow.
But Variety said around a dozen more projects were now up in the air, including The Bronze, which opened this year's Sundance Film Festival; and horrors Before I Wake and The Disappointments Room.
Others reportedly in the pipeline include Autobahn, which sees Nicholas Hoult play a getaway driver; Amanda Seyfried comedy Love the Coopers; Jonathan Rhys Meyers spy thriller Damascus Cover; and Holocaust love story The Lost Wife.
The Lost Wife writer Marc Klein told Variety: "This isn't something I'd be able to write at a major studio. It's a story that Hollywood could tell and isn't anymore.
"The one company who did is now bankrupt. That's a bummer. They've been nothing but great to me."
Relativity chief executive Ryan Kavanaugh said: "We will continue to move forward with a robust production slate of scripted and non-scripted shows during the reorganisation process."
Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection allows a company to continue to operate while all claims from debtors or the company are put on hold.


As 2012 draws to a close, the BBC online tech team crunched the clicks to reveal the section's most read stories of the year.

These last 12 months have been marked by the rise of low-cost tablets, ultra-slim laptops and "phablets" - outsized smartphones that looked extravagant in January, but have since become the new norm.
We've seen handsets turn into wallets thanks to near-field communication (NFC) technology, Google push the boundaries of augmented reality with its Google Glass headsets, 4G arrive in the UK and Twitter break records during the 2012 Olympics.
We've also witnessed a number of high-profile patent trials, including one which saw a US court ordering Samsung to pay Apple $1.05bn (Â£652m) in damages for infringing its intellectual rights.
Then there was Facebook's flotation, and Google executive Marissa Mayer taking charge of Yahoo after her predecessor stepped down amid accusations of a fake computer science degree on his CV.
All big stories, but none of them made it onto the list of articles you, the readers, clicked on the most.
At the top of the page the BBC's World Service technology correspondent hosts his own tech summit to find out what three wired-in insiders made of the past 52 weeks.
What follows are what proved to be your favourites.
The year started with protests against anti-piracy laws in the US - the Stop Online Piracy Act (Sopa) and Protect Intellectual Property Act (Pipa).
News that Wikipedia had taken its English-language site offline as part of the campaign became the most-read story of January.
Users attempting to access the site saw a black screen and a statement saying: "Imagine a world without free knowledge."
The proposed legislation was meant to allow the US Justice Department and content owners to seek court orders requiring search engines to block results associated with piracy.
But following the protests, the US Congress halted debate on the contested bills.
In February, the Raspberry Pi became the break-out story with news that the mini-computer had gone on sale.
This credit-card sized, low-cost PC was created by volunteers to help teach children to code.
Supporters say the machines could help reverse a lack of programming skills in the UK.
More than 750,000 devices have been sold to users around the world, and in December, the Pi Store opened - a one-stop shop where anyone can share games, applications and tools developed for the computer.
Other super-budget computers followed in its wake, but none have had the same impact so far.
March provided Apple with its first opportunity to dominate the news after the firm unveiled its first iPad with a high-definition "retina" screen.
Although the firm's tablet is still the market-leader, a report issued by ABI Research in November indicated that Apple's share of worldwide shipments had dropped from a 69% share in the April-to-June period to a 55% portion the following quarter.
Competition from Amazon's Kindle Fire and Google's Nexus 7 may have been responsible for the product being updated eight months later - a faster turnaround than had been expected.
Apple topped the list again the following month - but this time for all the wrong reasons with news that more than half a million Mac computers had been infected with malware, according to a Russian anti-virus firm.
Dr Web reported in April that about 600,000 Macs had installed the Flashback Trojan, potentially allowing them to be hijacked via a vulnerability in the Java programming language.
Apple later released a software update that removed the Java plug-in from internet browsers on its machines - a setback for its developer, Oracle.
News of another cyber-attack that collected private data from countries such as Israel and Iran made headlines in May.
Russian security firm Kaspersky Labs said the malware, known as Flame, had been in operation since August 2010, and described it as "one of the most complex threats ever discovered".
It was later suggested that Flame might date back further to 2006.
In June, Facebook faced a backlash from users after it replaced email addresses listed in members' contacts with ones provided by its @facebook.com system.
Some branded the move "annoying" and "lame" and posted instructions about how to switch back to the original addresses.
"We are providing every Facebook user with his or her own Facebook email address because we find that many users find it useful to connect with each other, but using Facebook email is completely up to you," said a statement from the company.
Several users later complained the social network had erased email contacts in their mobile phone address books, replacing them with @facebook.com listings; Facebook promised to address the issue.
July saw one of the year's most unusual headlines rise to prominence: Microsoft fixes "big boobs" coding gaffe.
A string of characters - 0xB16B00B5 - had been buried in code written to help a Microsoft program work with Linux open source software.
Some were not amused.
"Puerile sniggering at breasts contributes to the continuing impression that software development is a boys' club," wrote one leading engineer.
It hadn't helped that the revelation came just a month after Microsoft had had to apologise for what it described as "offensive elements and vulgar language" included in a presentation in Norway.
Once again the firm had to make its excuses, and shortly after released a patch that changed the string's spelling.
August's top story switched from the digital world to military hardware and an attempt by a hypersonic jet to set a new speed record.
The US Air Force's unmanned Waverider aircraft had been designed to fly at six times the speed of sound  (3,600mph; 5795km/hr) for five minutes.
At that velocity it could travel from London to New York in about an hour. The Pentagon and Nasa hoped to use the technology to develop faster missiles.
But seconds into its mission an error occurred and the craft ended up breaking up over the Pacific Ocean,
It was the second time the experiment had failed - a third, final attempt has been scheduled for next year.
Apple bungled its way back to the most-read list again in September with the launch of its iOS 6 Maps app,
Missing towns, bridges that looked like they'd been sketched by a surrealist and satellite images that only showed clouds were among its many flaws.
To make matters worse the previously reliable Google-powered option could not be reinstalled once users had made the switch.
A backlash ensued leading to an apology from chief executive Tim Cook followed by the ousting of two senior executives linked to the project.
That didn't stop the complaints continuing - with a recent example from the Australian police suggesting that a mistake in the app could prove "life-threatening".
But any threat to sales of the iPhone was offset by Google's release of a native version of its maps software for the handset in December, which can now sit alongside Apple's own offering.
In October, it was Mozilla's turn to come under pressure after a security vulnerability was discovered in the latest version of its Firefox browser.
The firm confirmed the flaw could allow "malicious sites" to determine what pages a user had visited.
About 450 million people use the program, but the firm said only "a limited number" had been affected.
The download was quickly yanked offline and a fix followed.
In November, the most-read story was a look at flexible phones of the future.
A number of companies are currently working on razor-thin, paper-like and bendable handsets, and some have promised to launch such devices in 2013.
This could become one of next year's big themes.
Samsung has already announced it intends to make a splash at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas next month with a pair of bendy displays
If the rumours are to be believed one will be designed for a handset and the other a TV.
And finally, the biggest story of December was Facebook's photo-sharing site Instagram revamping its privacy policy.
Some vague language meant the rewritten terms could be read to mean that the site had the right to sell users' photos to advertisers without notice. Threats of boycotts followed.
The firm rushed out a statement saying users had misinterpreted the agreement as a consequence of its confusing" choice of language.
The text was switched back to its original version to give the firm time to work out how best to amend it to ensure it can start making money without the risk of scaring off its members.
By Mark GregoryTechnology correspondent, BBC World Service
What happens if you put a maker of humanoid robots, a consumer gadgets geek and a lady whose mission in life is enthusing children about computer coding in studio together?
Find out by watching the video of our first "Tech Summit". Our panel reviewed tech trends over the last year and looked ahead to 2013.
Among the points that emerged: studying the human anatomy to see what will work on robots; low-cost tablets opening up new ways to get kids involved in tech; and Apple is likely to get very little from its global patent war with Samsung.
But for me one overarching theme was: 2012 was the year the mobile internet came of age.
In wealthier nations, more than half the population have smartphones. A tsunami of low-cost Android devices is sweeping through developing markets.
An important milestone in the next 12 months will be when for the first time the number of internet-connected portable devices is expected to exceed that of web-enabled personal computers.
The combination of highly portable devices and the mobile internet is transforming our experience of computing.
Not long ago, more than 90% of interaction with the internet was on devices driven by Microsoft software. Now the figure is less than 30%.
By way of context, I remember chatting with a Taiwanese IT entrepreneur back in 1998.
He spoke dreamily of a far-off time when everyone would walk around with what he described as a "personal communicator" in their pockets and how this would transform their lives.
This year may go down as the year when that man's seemingly dotty vision became a statement of fact.
His ill-defined and hard to imagine personal communicator is the smartphone sitting in your pocket or the tablet in your hand.
The revolution has arrived.
BBC Tech Summit


A community council criticised for refusing to provide residents with documents in English as well as Welsh has backed down over the policy.

The Public Services Ombudsman for Wales said Cynwyd Community Council's failure to provide both was "intransigent".
He looked into the matter after resident Karen Roden complained the policy prevented people from being involved in local democracy.
The council, in Denbighshire, has now agreed to provide bilingual documents.
At a meeting on Tuesday night, council chairwomen Gwen Wyn said the agenda on the village notice board would be displayed in Welsh and English in future.
She described the row over the policy as a storm in a tea cup and said she hoped everyone could now move forward.
Mrs Roden, who is not a Welsh speaker, said the policy reversal was a "common sense decision".


"You can always pick the winners at the starting gate - the winners and the losers," says Roberto De Niro, suited and booted and a mobster top-to-toe.

"Who woulda put a penny on me?"
Once Upon a Time in America, that gritty and at times extremely violent 1984 gangster film, is a favourite of 35-year-old Vyacheslav Senchenko.
"The movie makes sense to me," Senchenko told BBC Sport from his base in Donetsk.
"In it there is a true friendship and treachery. De Niro shows what a real man should be."
The rangy Ukrainian, a former WBA world welterweight belt holder, is aiming to spring from that starting gate and finish the night one of De Niro's winners, and real men, when he takes on Ricky Hatton in Manchester on 24 November.
"I'm sure that Ricky will be in very good form, and I expect a good fight," said Senchenko.
"I've seen Hatton's fights. He is a really strong boxer with an attacking manner - but I plan to conduct this fight in my own manner."
Once Upon a Time charts the rise then fall of De Niro's leading man, David 'Noodles' Aaronson. Towards the end we see an aged Noodles as a shadow of his former self.
The thousands inside Manchester Arena already know they will witness two fighters who, like Noodles at the finish, are closer to their ends than their beginnings.
Hatton has not thrown a punch in anger in years, while only Senchenko knows whether he bears any resemblance to the fighter whose record shows 32 wins from 33 contests, 21 by knockout.
The first and so far only defeat of his career came in his most recent bout in April, at the gloves of American Paulie Malignaggi, a 31-year-old whom Hatton himself beat in November 2008.
Malignaggi, the current WBA title holder, could well be a future target for the newly unretired Hatton. But in the build-up to his sold-out Manchester comeback, The Hitman spent much time emphasising the challenge posed by his immediate opponent.
"It sums me up - I'm straight in at the deep end against a former world champion in Senchenko," Hatton told the assembled media.
I've seen Hatton's fights. He is really strong boxer with an attacking manner
"He's probably the best opponent I could have picked. I've never gone for an easy opponent in my life and nothing's changed.
"Fighting him shows how serious I am. He's dangerous, but he's someone I can get my teeth into. I'm fighting him, and I won't let you down."
Much has been made of Hatton's quest for redemption since he announced his return to the ring after a three-year absence dogged by self-loathing and drug abuse.
But for Senchenko, who has only once fought outside his native Ukraine or neighbouring Russia, a high-profile win over Hatton on his opponent's turf would do wonders for his international profile.
"I'm not distracted by the fact Malignaggi lost to Hatton. I drew my own conclusions after my own defeat," he insisted.
"When I heard the news [of the Hatton fight] I was very glad - I am motivated by the possibility of fighting a strong and well-known rival, and now I want to become world champion once again."
However, many have dismissed Senchenko after his bloody defeat to Malignaggi.
Never the heaviest hitter, the New Yorker nonetheless triumphed in front of thousands inside the Donbass Arena with well-executed jabs - his punch landed 62% of the time and made a mess of the Ukrainian's left eye.
And the only Briton ever to have fought Senchenko, Wolverhampton fighter Stuart Elwell, told BBC Sport that a flurry of Hatton body shots and upper-cuts thrown at close range should do for his opponent.
"On paper Senchenko looks risky but the thing that struck me most when I fought him in Ukraine was despite the glossy record and world title he always looked scared and nervous. If that was the case for a home fight then when he enters the Manchester Arena and hears thousands of Brits screaming for his head I think the moment will fold him up like a beach chair. He's not bad but the atmosphere will bother him and Hatton should do the rest."
Paulie Malignaggi fought and beat Vyacheslav Senchenko in April 2012.
"To be honest, I think Ricky Hatton is the perfect fighter to beat him," said Elwell.
"[Senchenko] doesn't like being pushed back, and when I was pushing on to him he didn't seem to have any answers that a fighter of quality would have.
"Hatton is a pressure fighter and I don't think Senchenko will be able to deal with that. I predict Hatton inside six rounds."
Then, of course, there will be the unique experience of fighting in front of a vocal and highly partisan Hatton support. The comeback fight sold out a week after it was announced, even though no opponent had then been named.
Is Senchenko worried? "No. I've already boxed at Donbass Arena, which contains 50,000 people. I think that in Manchester the atmosphere will be approximately the same. His fans won't disturb me - I will be concentrating on the fight, and his supporters will be not a hindrance."
Hatton professes to be fighting fit and keen, but in Senchenko he faces a boxer whose pride, not to mention face, was hurt in his last bout.
Both men are veteran fighters who have given their lives to the sport. And both will be desperate for success in front of thousands in Manchester, if only to lend weight to another of De Niro's assertions in Sergio Leone's epic 80s drama: "It'd be a shame to see a lifetime of work go to waste."


Hosting the British Cycling National Road Championships can help put the Isle of Man at the forefront of world cycling, the event's director has said.

The biggest date in the British road race calendar will see men's and women's champions crowned in both road and time-trial disciplines.
Director Steve Shimmin said the project started 11 years ago and the island is "determined to deliver a good show".
Both the men's and women's road races will involve the famous TT course.
The event's co-director Richard Fletcher said the TT course "picked itself".
He said: "It couldn't really be anywhere else given the history of the TT races and cycling on the Isle of Man.
"Manx stars are definitely amongst the favourites and the event is certainly gathering excitement."
Manx rider Mark Cavendish, who won the national road race title in 2013, said there is a "huge amount of enthusiasm" for hosting the national championships on the Isle of Man.
Fellow Manx rider Peter Kennaugh won the title in 2014 and again in 2015.
Kennaugh is the fourth man to win successive national road race titles in the professional era.
Other Manx riders taking part include Mark and Anna Christian and Isle of Man resident Ben Swift.
Both the men's and women's line-up includes .
Residents have been asked to paint old bicycles red and gold to decorate the course and the Isle of Man government has sent bunting to businesses on the course.
Silly Moos campsite have decorated their campsite on the TT course, and announced: "We're looking forward to seeing Peter Kennaugh and Mark Cavendish racing past our farm."
Mr Shimmin continued: "We've been working a long time for this day and we are all very proud and really excited.
"The Isle of Man has a massive history of cycling dating back to the 1930s but this is the first championship of its kind here in the modern era.
"We want the Isle of Man to be at the forefront of world cycling as this event can only help with that vision."
The event will begin on Thursday with the time trials which see riders take on a 13.8-mile (22.2km) circuit which starts and finishes at Tynwald Hill.
The men's road race on 25 June will see riders complete two laps of the 37.7-mile (60km) Mountain Course before 10 laps of a 4.5-mile (7.2km) finishing circuit in Douglas.
The women's race, held on the same day, will involve one lap of the TT course and six laps of the finishing circuit.
British Cycling's director of cycling Jonny Clay said the routes incorporate some of the island's "most famous sites".
A mass participation sportive event will also take place on Saturday.


They call the US Open the most democratic event in sport, with almost 9,000 entrants and only 156 spots in the starting field.

Elite names, such as world number one and defending champion Dustin Johnson, are guaranteed their place, indeed the top 60 in the world are all automatically eligible.
But this is an event that does what it says on the tin. It is "open" to the lower echelons who have earned their chance to rub shoulders with the big boys at Erin Hills this week.
From the 8,979 professional and amateur golfers who teed it up in local qualifying, 525 progressed to be part of the 902 who competed at the sectional stage, which in turn yielded 72 with a golden ticket to the second major of the year.
These include 22-year-old Aaron Rai from Wolverhampton, who won the European sectional tournament at Walton Heath. It was this qualifier that produced the eventual champion, Michael Campbell, in 2005.
Scotland's Richie Ramsay, Bradley Dredge of Wales and Englishmen Andrew 'Beef' Johnston, Matt Wallace and Eddie Pepperell were also among the 15 who progressed from the 36-hole tournament.
Of those British qualifiers, Pepperell's is perhaps the most heart-warming story.
The 26-year-old, who was prominent on the 2015 Open leaderboard at St Andrews, is emerging from a torrid spell in which he was forced to return to Tour School to retain his European Tour card.
"The last year has been a bit of a struggle and I lost a lot of confidence," Pepperell told BBC Sport.
After finishing eighth in last year's Irish Open, he missed 16 cuts in 21 tournaments, tumbling from a career-high of 80th in the world to outside the top 500.
"There have been times where I've gone home quite stressed and, yeah, feeling a bit low," said Pepperell.
"And you have some alcohol or whatever just to get away from it, and I've experienced what it's like to live under a bit of stress.
"It's all part and parcel of life and makes the good times all the more enjoyable."
At Walton Heath, Pepperell carded rounds of 67 and 66 to book his place in Wisconsin, before continuing his fine form with a top-10 finish at the Nordea Masters later that week.
"Qualifying for the US Open, having my dad and family there and seeing them smiling, knowing they'll come over to America and have a great time, it was really nice. We are going to enjoy it," he said.
The Oxfordshire pro credits a change of clubs and ball as the main reasons for his return to form.
"Modern equipment is just designed to go further, through a higher launch angle with less spin off the tee and that's never really been my game," Pepperell said.
"I'm a natural, feely kind of player and I've learned that I actually need some backspin on my driver so I know when I'm on the tee and not feeling very comfortable I can tee it down low and squeeze one out there and get it in play."
Anyone who reads Pepperell's regular and honest blogs knows the former British amateur international sees more to life than bashing balls and holing putts.
But coping with the demands of the toughest of the majors will be uppermost in his mind this week in what will be his second US Open, having qualified for Merion in 2013.
Erin Hills is a monster that can play anything up to 7,800 yards. It is the first par-72 course to stage America's national championship since Pebble Beach in 1992.
"The way I see it, every tee shot is hard, every approach shot is hard, the whole week is hard," Pepperell said.
"There's just constant pressure, a constant need to hit really good golf shots. In many ways I think it brings the best out of you because you know what you have to do.
"The way you react is the key. You either become afraid or think 'you know what? I've got nothing to lose here'.
"I'm just going to try and make great swings for four days and let's see what happens.
"In my two American majors so far I have putted really poorly, so most of my preparation will be around long-range and short-range putting. You are going to have to hole those six-footers."
This will be the mantra for much of the field, regardless of their background.
Johnson's length off the tee and outstanding form since breaking his major duck 12 months ago make him a justifiable favourite.
But defending champions rarely fare well. Tiger Woods (tied sixth in 2009) is the only one to make the top 10 since Curtis Strange retained his title in 1989.
Northern Ireland's Rory McIlroy has played only 72 competitive holes since the Masters following the recurrence of his rib problems and will do well not to be undercooked.
Having said that, he has had plenty of opportunity to work on his short game, which will be such a vital component.
With four par-fives at Erin Hills, the other key areas are driving distance, and approach play from 100 yards and in.
Looking at statistics covering these areas, a shortlist of leading exponents includes Americans Justin Thomas, Rickie Fowler, Jordan Spieth and Brendan Steele, and Spain's Masters winner Sergio Garcia.
McIlroy and Johnson also show up well statistically, and if Jason Day can find his touch on the greens, this looks an ideal test for the Australian, who has yet to fire this season.
But the penal nature of the US Open makes patience an important virtue and this is an undoubted strength of 2013 winner Justin Rose.
As he prepares for his fourth major, Pepperell insists he will not be daunted by the strength in depth at the top of the game.
"I don't really care whether I'm chipping next to Rory McIlroy or my dad to be honest," he said, laughing.
"It's just one of them is better at golf than the other.
"For me it's not the players, it's the crowds, the atmosphere, the hum, the whole environment. It's completely different to what we are used to.
"In Europe I played an event and I was third and there were two people watching and I was thinking, 'well this isn't very inspiring', and this week I could have 2,000 people watching me on the first tee."
The same applies to all those who have earned their crack at a week of genuinely big-time golf - no matter how tortuous their route to get there.


England lost their last eight wickets for eight runs as India powered to a 75-run win in the third Twenty20 in Bangalore to take the series 2-1.

Chasing 203, England were 117-2 with eight overs to go after three Eoin Morgan sixes in a Suresh Raina over.
But leg-spinner Yuzvendra Chahal (6-25) got Morgan and Joe Root in successive balls and England fell to 127 all out.
Raina and MS Dhoni both made half-centuries in India's 202-6, while Yuvraj Singh blasted 27 from 10 balls.
That total was around par on a surface ideal for batting, but the sort of collapse that characterised the Test series loss means that England have been beaten in all three formats.
Although Morgan's men competed best in the T20s, they have lost a series in which they won the toss on all three occasions.
Whereas their bowlers impressed in the opening two matches, here they were blitzed, with the batsmen falling in a familiar heap against leg-spin.
Their slump was the second-worst eight-wicket collapse in the history of international cricket - New Zealand lost 8-5 in a Test against Australia in 1946.
Only once before in all T20 cricket, either international or domestic, has a side lost eight wickets for eight runs or fewer.
England have only once successfully chased more than 200 to win a T20 international, but were well placed despite opener Sam Billings falling to the first ball he faced - an inside edge onto his boot that found slip and gave Chahal his first wicket.
Jason Roy wasted a good start - his 23-ball 32 ended when he top-edged the second of India's leg-spinners Amit Mishra - only for Morgan to arrive and pick up the pursuit.
Targeting the part-time off-spin of Raina, Morgan helped take 22 from the 12th over of the innings to leave England needing 89 from the final eight.
However, with Root beginning to struggle at the other end - he went 13 deliveries without finding the boundary - Morgan was held on the leg-side fence off the returning Chahal for 40 and, from the next ball, Root was pinned leg-before to depart for 42.
From there, it was a procession as Chahal and second T20 match-winner Jasprit Bumrah ran through the lower order.
Jos Buttler miscued pacer Bumrah to mid-off, Moeen Ali fetched Chahal to long-on and Ben Stokes pulled the same bowler to deep mid-wicket.
Liam Plunkett, Chris Jordan and Tymal Mills all failed to score as the last eight wickets went down in only 19 balls.
India's stacked batting line-up had struggled on slower pitches in the first two matches, mainly down to the excellence of England's bowling.
Here, they fired in a blur of boundary hitting, even though captain Virat Kohli was run-out by bowler Jordan for only two after being sent back by KL Rahul.
As England missed their lengths - only the pacey Mills was close to the levels of the first two matches - Raina in particular cashed in with power square of the wicket on the off side and pick-ups off his pads. He smashed five sixes in his 45-ball stay.
At the other end, Dhoni showed more finesse and the occasional deft touch, but he too cleared the leg-side fence twice in his first international T20 half-century - the 76-match wait for a maiden fifty easily the longest by any batsman.
But the most brutal treatment was dished out by Yuvraj, the man who once hit Stuart Broad for six sixes in a over.
Jordan, previously dependable, was punished for failing to nail his yorkers and three times pummelled back over his head for straight maximums as India took 118 from the final nine overs.
England captain Eoin Morgan: "We made a fatal error in losing two 'in' batsmen when we were going so well. It really hurt us. You have to give credit where credit is due, congratulations to the Indian team.
"With the benefit of hindsight, we could have done with Joe or I to see out the innings. It's a beautiful wicket to bat on with a small boundary we would have taken conceding 190/200 at the beginning at the game."
England coach Trevor Bayliss speaking to Sky Sports: "The way we finished tonight is not an indication of the way we have played on this tour. But we have to give credit, India have played better than us.
"We're not world-class players of spin yet and it is difficult to knock the ball over the fence. I'd like to see our guys hit down the wicket rather than sweep sometimes.
"A lot of times the guys have been out playing across the line but that's something we can learn from and make sure we're better at next time we play here."
India captain Virat Kohli: "This was an occasion that demanded us to be at our best. Everyone was looking forward to this game. We lost all three tosses but won the series. We have shown character to win all three series."


Artists including Missy Elliott, Kelly Clarkson and Kelly Rowland all feature on a charity single put together by US First Lady Michelle Obama.

This Is For My Girls was written by Diane Warren - whose previous credits include I Don't Want To Miss A Thing and Un-Break My Heart.
She described the song - a strident, girl power anthem - as "We Are the World meets Lady Marmalade".
Obama released the single ahead of her keynote speech at the SXSW festival.
She will talk about her Let Girls Learn initiative, which is aimed at boosting education rates amongst adolescent girls around the world.
Several of the performers on the track, including Missy Elliott and Diane Warren, will then join her on a panel about the initiative, as well as Sophia Bush and Queen Latifah, who will moderate the discussion.
This Is For My Girls combines jazzy horn stabs with a propulsive drum beat, giving the song a militaristic feel.
The lyrics mostly comprise generic statements of empowerment - "Don't take nothing from nobody"; "It's all about respect"; "Stand strong forever" - which have been a standard component of female-fronted R&B since the turn of the millennium.
Other vocalists featured on the track include Janelle Monae, Glee actress Lea Michele, Disney star Zendaya, 16-year-old Motown artist Jadagrace, and Beyonce proteges Chloe & Halle.
All of the artists waived their fees, meaning proceeds will go directly to the Let Girls Learn campaign.
"We haven't had an anthem like this in a while," Warren told Billboard.
"I envisioned the record being with all these different women, never just one girl singing on it.
"With Kelly Rowland on it, it's almost like an updated Destiny's Child record. I think it can be a huge worldwide anthem. I hope it becomes that."
The single is available exclusively on iTunes, while Obama's speech at the SXSW festival will be streamed live on makers.com from 16:00 GMT.


Donald Trump will hold his first press conference in almost six months on Wednesday, to talk about plans to avoid conflicts of interest involving his sprawling business empire while he's president.

Meanwhile the US Congress is reviewing the nominations of a series of his top political nominees who are facing their own ethical questions, and concerns continue to swirl around several other high-level advisers.
While Mr Trump will dominate the headlines, here's a look at some of the controversies that could dog those poised to serve under him.
Walter M Shaub, director of the Office of Government Ethics, has sent a letter to congressional leaders saying that his agency has been overwhelmed by the task of certifying Mr Trump's Cabinet nominees, some of whom have yet to provide investigators with preliminary paperwork.
"This schedule has created undue pressure on OGE's staff and agency ethics officials to rush through these important reviews," Shaub wrote. "More significantly, it has left some of the nominees with potentially unknown or unresolved ethics issues shortly before their scheduled hearings."
He says he can't recall another time in his office's 40-year history that a hearing has been held before the review process has been completed.
Democrats have pointed to the letter as grounds for delaying the series of hearings - six on Wednesday alone - for Mr Trump's nominees. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer went so far as to circulate a 2009 letter by then-Senate Minority  Leader Mitch McConnell stating that all Obama administration nominees must complete an ethics office review prior to Senate consideration.
Mr McConnell has rebuffed postponement requests so far, however.
The distress expressed by the ethics office official has exacerbated some of the concerns over a number of top-level Trump appointees who have sprawling financial interests that could lead to conflicts of interest as they pursue their government duties.
The review process is intended to identify areas where ethic issues may arise and aid the nominees in taking measures to address them before confirmation. If this process is short-circuited, those problems could instead present themselves after the official is already in office.
Although Shaub did not single out anyone by name, among the individuals drawing particular attention are super-wealthy business chieftians Rex Tillerson (State Department), Steven Mnuchin (Treasury), Andrew Puzder (Labour) and Wilbur Ross (Commerce). According to the New York Times, the standard government disclosure forms don't have enough boxes for these billionaire tycoons to list all their financial interests.
Details have begun to emerge on Tillerson's agreements with the ethics office, including a liquidation of $50m in personal stock from his employer, ExxonMobil, as well as his holdings in more than 150 other companies.
Betsy DeVos, a billionaire Republican activist whom Mr Trump picked for education secretary, was scheduled to appear before a Senate confirmation committee on Wednesday but had yet to detail any potential conflicts of interest with the ethics office. Her appearance has been pushed back to 17 January.
Congressman Tom Price, Mr Trump's choice for health and human services secretary, has also been criticised for trading $300,000 in healthcare stocks since 2012 while serving on congressional committees overseeing the healthcare industry. Trump transition officials say he will sell all such financial holdings following his confirmation as health secretary.
Even Elaine Chao, wife of Senate Majority Leader McConnell and a Cabinet secretary in the George W Bush administration, has faced some conflict-of-interest allegations following her nomination to be transportation secretary. Her family owns a shipping business that relies on vessels that fly under the flags of Liberia and Hong Kong - a practice that a US transportation secretary is charged with discouraging.
Jared Kushner, who is married to Ivanka Trump, will become a senior adviser in his father-in-law's White House.
Although Mr Kushner served as a close confidant to Mr Trump during his presidential campaign, an official position in the Trump administration was thought by many to run counter to anti-nepotism laws dating back to the 1960s.
According to media reports, however, Trump team lawyers believe they have found a way around those restrictions, which they say only covers government "agencies" and not the office of the White House. Kushner will also work in the White House without drawing a government salary.
Mr Kushner, who like Mr Trump is involved heavily in New York area real estate, has begun divesting himself of some business considerations in preparations for a possible ethics review.
That may be easier said than done, however, given his family's vast real-estate holdings, including ties to foreign nationals investing in the US.
Either with or without an official title, however, Mr Trump was always likely to turn to his son-in-law for advice and guidance - as he has since the early days of his presidential quest.
"Kushner is emerging as an important figure at a crucial moment for some of America's most complicated diplomatic relationships," the New York Times reports, citing individuals close to the presidential transition process.
"Such is his influence in the geopolitical realm that transition officials have told the Obama White House that foreign policy matters [needing] to be brought to Mr Trump's attention should be relayed through his son-in-law."
Charges of plagiarism are usually enough to bury a political appointee - particularly an outsider who doesn't have close ties to the Washington establishment. The age of Trump is no ordinary time, however.
A recent CNN Money investigation revealed that Monica Crowley, named by Mr Trump to be senior director of strategic communications for his National Security Council, had committed more than 50 instances of plagiarism in her 2012 book, What the (Bleep) Just Happened. The article compared excerpts where she apparently drew entire passages word-for-word from newspaper articles, columns and online essays.
Crowley, who was an author, radio host and conservative television commentator prior to signing on to serve in the Trump White House, is not subject to Senate confirmation, so she is less vulnerable to direct political fallout from the plagiarism charges.
"HarperCollins - one of the largest and most respected publishers in the world - published her book which has become a national bestseller," a Trump spokesperson told CNN. "Any attempt to discredit Monica is nothing more than a politically motivated attack that seeks to distract from the real issues facing this country."
HarperCollins has since announced that it will cease selling digital copies of the book.
Politico has also published a report outlining instances of plagiarism in Crowley's PhD dissertation in 2000.
Throughout his campaign, Mr Trump has shown that he is reluctant to dismiss aides facing even the sharpest media criticism. That practice appears set to continue in the Trump White House.


Police were called to an unusual sight in Glasgow's west end over the weekend after an unoccupied car ended up on the roof of another vehicle.

The Volkswagen rolled backwards down a hill and over a wall before coming to rest on the top of a Fiat 500 parked below on Southpark Avenue.
Passers-by were attracted to the scene, in the Hillhead area, on Sunday.
No-one was injured and police were stationed at the scene until a recovery vehicle arrived shortly after 18:00.
A police spokesman said: "Neither vehicle was occupied at the time and there were no injuries."


Billy Joe Saunders beat Chris Eubank Jr on a split decision at London's Excel arena to retain his British, European and Commonwealth titles.

Saunders, 25, demonstrated his superior boxing skills to build a healthy lead against his less experienced opponent.
But Eubank Jr, also 25, came on strong in the second half of the fight and had the champion in trouble at times.
Two judges scored the fight for Saunders - 115-114 and 115-113 - and the third 116-113 for Eubank Jr.
Former Olympian Saunders, who is now undefeated in 21 pro fights, is next expected to challenge for the WBO title, which will be contested by Ireland's Andy Lee and Russia's Matt Korobov on 13 December.
Eubank Jr, who drops to 18 wins and one defeat, must bide his time before possibly earning a lucrative rematch a couple of years down the line.
Saunders said: "He had a good work-rate but it was a bit too slow in the early rounds. I'm ready for a world title. And when I get the world title, I'll give him the first shot."
Eubank Jr felt he had won the fight but acknowledged Saunders showed he had "a good engine".
He said: "It was a close fight. He did what I thought he would do. He boxed to plan in the early rounds but then I thought I overtook him. But I'll be back."
The Brighton fighter, whose father was a two-weight world champion in the 1990s, had never been in a competitive fight before, winning 13 times inside the distance.
But Eubank Sr likened to his son to the great Sugar Ray Leonard during the build-up, while he was also said to have impressed in sparring against Nottingham's super-middleweight world champion Carl Froch.
Meanwhile, some suspected Saunders had taken the challenger lightly, although that looked far from being the case in the opening round, during which the champion landed with right jabs at will.
Saunders, from Hatfield, also had the better of the second round, making the challenger, who was struggling to come to terms with the champion's southpaw stance, look ungainly at times.
Saunders probably nicked the third as well, despite Eubank Jr managing to land with a clunking left hook just before the bell, and the champion continued to outwork the challenger in the fourth.
Eubank Jr started the fifth round talking to Saunders but soon abandoned that tactic when his opponent, undeterred, continued to plough forward. Eubank Jr managed to draw Saunders into some rugged exchanges in the sixth, but the champion probably won that round as well.
However, the tide began to turn in the seventh, with Eubank Jr showing more urgency, landing with a couple of hurtful right uppercuts and reddening Saunders around the nose and eyes.
And Saunders showed definite signs of tiring in a sometimes desperate eighth, in which the challenger landed with one mind-scrambling right cross in particular.
Eubank Jr, who had never gone further than eight rounds before, started the ninth like a train, pounding Saunders on the ropes and standing the champion up with a tremendous left hook towards the end of the round.
Saunders still appeared to hold a comfortable lead heading into the 10th but by the end of the round he looked just about ready to drop, having been assailed by a fusillade of left jabs and hooks.
Eubank Jr, sensing his rival was wilting, continued to come bullocking forward in the penultimate round but Saunders continued to stand up to his best shots.
The 12th and final round was furious and sometimes brutal but when the final bell sounded most observers were of the opinion Eubank Jr had done too little too late.
Frankie Gavin,England's only ever amateur male world champion, retained his British welterweight title and secured the Commonwealth belt with a contentious points victory over Londoner Bradley Skeete.
Skeete, who was unbeaten in 18 pro contests before the fight, appeared to land the cleaner punches throughout but the judges scored it 116-112, 116-113, 116-113, all in Gavin's favour.
Birmingham's Gavin, 29, now has 21 wins from 22 pro fights and remains on course for a world title shot.
Meanwhile, Norfolk's Liam Walsh added the British super-featherweight title to the Commonwealth belt he already owned with a unanimous decision over Yorkshire's Gary Sykes.


A beautician has told how she felt her face "melting" during an acid attack arranged by her "evil" ex-boyfriend.

Anthony Riley, 26, of Raglan Road, Lowestoft, has been jailed for life for planning the attack on Adele Bellis as she waited for a bus in August 2014.
Ms Bellis, 23, who lost an ear, said: "He wanted to mess my face up so no-one would have me."
Three other men involved in the conspiracy have also been jailed at Ipswich Crown Court.
Judge John Devaux told Riley "you have shown no sign of remorse" and said he should serve at least 13 years in jail before being considered for release.
Leon Thompson, 39 of Alma Road in the town, who carried out a separate knife attack on Ms Bellis on Riley's orders in April last year, has been jailed for 15 years and must serve at least 10.
He stood trial with Riley and they were also both found guilty of conspiracy to carry out the attacks.
The attack using sulphuric acid, carried out by Jason Harrison, happened while Ms Bellis was on London Road South in Lowestoft on 14 August 2014.
Harrison, 28 of Princes Road in Lowestoft, was paid Â£500 by Riley. He admitted his guilt and he has been jailed for four years.
A fourth man, David Marshall, 39 of Rose Court in the town, was jailed for seven years after he admitted conspiracy to cause grievous bodily harm.
He also lied to police in an earlier interview and pleaded guilty to attempting to pervert the course of justice.
"I was on the phone and saw this man in a black tracksuit and black balaclava," said Ms Bellis.
"Something told me to move my face and as I did that the liquid got chucked over me.
"At first I thought it was water, but then I could feel burning and I was just running around screaming for water. My face was melting and I knew I'd lost my ear."
Ms Bellis has since undergone surgery and continues to have treatment but has been left scarred for life.
She said she started seeing Riley when she was 16 and the relationship was "good" in the early days, but changed.
"His controlling got worse. He banned me from seeing my best friend and got more evil and started hitting me, threatening my mum and dad, threatening me," she said.
"There were a few times he punched me and told me not to tell the police or he'd kill me and that's why I kept quiet."
In April 2014, Riley arranged for Thompson to stab Ms Bellis, which left her with scars on her face.
She did not report the attack to police at the time.
"He was my first proper boyfriend and I knew it was wrong, but I was like, 'is it meant to be like this? I just don't know'," she said
"Loads of people told me to leave him, but he threatened me and I knew he was capable of those threats."
Jaf Shah, of the Acid Survivors Trust International charity, said victims of attacks tend to have very low esteem and confidence and it takes them years to recover.
"The attacks on women are very much about destroying or eradicating an identity so that survivors find it very difficult to make public appearances because they're ashamed of their appearance," he said.
"For many men, it's clear they think they own the victim/survivor and they go to these severe measures to prevent other men or prospective partners being attracted to the survivor."
But Ms Bellis said she just wanted to "get on with my life".
"I just refuse to cry. It's so bad what's happened to me, but it could have been a thousand times worse and with all the treatment, I've accepted what's happened and I want to move on," she said.
"It's been tiring and draining, but I've got the result I wanted and I feel relieved.
"I'm feeling positive and I just want to be a normal person."
Det Con Matt Rogers said: "Adele Bellis's life was profoundly changed on 14 August last year.
"Anthony Riley has proven himself to be a manipulative, evil and possessive individual who sought to coerce and intimidate a number of people around him in order for these offences to have been committed against Adele, relying on his so-called hard man image to cowardly distance himself from the acts themselves.
"I am grateful to all the members of the public who eventually came forward to cooperate with the investigation."


Rangers are on the verge of a new deal for Harry Forrester as they close in on the Scottish Championship title.

The 25-year-old midfielder has scored five goals in his last seven appearances since agreeing a six-month contract in January.
A win over Dumbarton on Tuesday would seal promotion and the Ibrox side want to retain the services of the player.
"We're very close to Harry Forrester committing his long-term future to the club," said manager Mark Warburton.
Forrester, who scored in Saturday's 3-3 draw with Raith Rovers, arrived mid-season from Doncaster Rovers, having played under Warburton at Brentford.
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Meanwhile, Warburton says his side "have to be tighter and harder to beat" after conceding three goals in each of their last three games.
Leading 3-2 at Stark's Park, Rangers were on course to clinch the league on Saturday but lost a late goal to Raith.
"We were very impressive up to that point and there is no doubt we have conceded nine goals in three games, which is unacceptable," said Warburton. "But again, sometimes you can over-analyse.
"The first goal at Falkirk [in the recent 3-2 defeat] was a wonder strike into the top corner, and on Saturday the first goal took a 90-degree spin and the guy hit it on the full with a screaming volley. [Goalkeeper] Wes [Foderingham] had no chance.
"They were two magnificent goals. If you are beaten by those wonder strikes, then that's the random nature of football.
"Nine goals and not one headed goal against us, so there is not an aerial threat that we are exposed to.
"We are looking at what we can do better, and we have to be tighter and harder to beat, that's for sure.
"But I don't think there is one area that we are exposed on at the moment."


Two-time Oscar nominee Viola Davis has added her voice to the ongoing row over diversity at the Academy Awards.

"It's not the Oscars," she said, "the Oscars are a symptom of a much greater issue and that's the issue of the Hollywood movie-making system."
She argued there should be more films with roles for actors of Black, Asian and minority ethnic backgrounds.
"The opportunity does not match the talent. There needs to be more opportunity. You have to invest in it."
Last year, Davis became the first black actress to win an Emmy for best actress in a leading role on a TV drama, for her performance in How to Get Away With Murder.
At the time, The Help star gave an emotional acceptance speech which echoed her comments this week: "The only thing that separates women of colour from anyone else is opportunity. You cannot win an Emmy for roles that are simply not there."
Davis is among a growing body of stars who have spoken out after all 20 acting nominations at this year's Academy Awards went to white performers.
Oscar winner Reese Witherspoon expressed her "disappointment" on her Facebook page: "So disappointed that some of 2015's best films, film-makers and performances were not recognised," she wrote.
"Nothing can diminish the quality of their work, but these film-makers deserve recognition. As an Academy member, I would love to see a more diverse voting membership."
But double Oscar-winner, Sir Michael Caine, advised black actors to "be patient".
"There's loads of black actors. In the end you can't vote for an actor because he's black. You can't say 'I'm going to vote for him, he's not very good, but he's black, I'll vote for him'," he told BBC Radio 4's Today.
"You have to give a good performance and I'm sure people have. I saw Idris Elba [in Beasts Of No Nation]... I thought he was wonderful.
"Of course it will come. It took me years to get an Oscar, years," he added.
On Thursday, former Oscar nominee Will Smith joined his wife Jada Pinkett Smith and director Spike Lee in boycotting this year's Oscar ceremony on 26 February.
Speaking at Davos, musician and actor Will.i.am was asked if he considered there to be diversity problem in the music and film industry: "I have a very long answer to that. The things that they're rallying against are true, there isâ€¦ diversity issuesâ€¦ butâ€¦ the people that are actually rallying are very powerful, and they could create their own Academy, so I go for - start your own Academy."
Actors Mark Ruffalo and Dustin Hoffman have backed colleagues boycotting the Oscars, while Quincy Jones has demanded to "speak for five minutes on the lack of diversity" at the ceremony, or he will refuse to fulfil his role as a presenter.
Fast and Furious star Tyrese Gibson and rapper 50 Cent have called on Chris Rock to step down as Oscars host in the wake of the furore.
At the opening of the Sundance Film Festival, founder Robert Redford - who is himself an Oscar winner and four-time nominee - refused to be drawn directly on the Oscars controversy, but stressed one of the fundamental tenets of Sundance was diversity.
"There's always a tendency, it seems, to label things and speak out against things, but I want to make it clear that I'm not against the mainstream," he said.
"I've been a part of that and very happy to have been a part of that. I'm not against mainstream, this is just meant to broaden the film industry ... give audiences more choices."


The Ukrainian government has launched an investigation after the death of an American paramedic whose vehicle struck a landmine in the rebel-held east.

The US citizen was working as a monitor for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) when the mine exploded near a village controlled by pro-Russian separatists on Sunday.
Two others were injured in the blast.
The American was the first loss for the OSCE's mission in the three-year conflict.
In the aftermath, Ukraine's government and the pro-Russian separatists traded accusations, while US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has called for an investigation.
Mr Tillerson told Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko that Moscow's actions in the region were an obstacle to improved relations between the two countries.
Kiev and the West both accuse Russia of backing the rebels in eastern Ukraine - an accusation the Kremlin denies.
Eastern Ukraine: A new, bloody chapter
On Monday, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov - speaking at a press conference alongside the European Union's foreign policy chief - said those behind the attack must be brought to justice.
He also called for the investigation to be fast and thorough.
The OSCE, which has 600 people in eastern Ukraine and is the only independent monitor in the region, said it would not release the names of Saturday's victims until their families had been notified, but did reveal the two people injured were from Germany and the Czech Republic.
Kiev has said the attack, near the village of of Pryshyb in the self-declared Luhansk People's Republic, was an attempt by the rebels to scare the OSCE.
But, on a website, the rebels said the vehicle had "deviated from the main route.... which is prohibited".
Luhansk rebel police force spokesman Alexander Mazeikin said the vehicle "hit an anti-tank mine".
More than 10,000 people have died since Europe's only war broke out in April 2014.


A judge has condemned bystanders who recorded a street fight on their mobile phones, as a police officer lay bleeding and injured.

The High Court in Glasgow heard that no one came forward to help PC Kevin Smith after he was stabbed in an unprovoked attack in the city in April 2015.
Judge Lady Rae said it was "disgraceful and disgusting" that people nearby took pictures of the fracas instead.
She jailed Paul Patterson, 40, for 12 years after he admitted the murder bid.
PC Taylor was hurt when he stepped into a row Patterson was having with his neighbour, Wilson Martin, in Govan.
The officer was left with a serious leg wound and has been left scarred for life.
One of his colleagues had to drag Patterson to the ground before he was finally handcuffed.
Lady Rae said Patterson could "easily have killed" PC Taylor that day.
The judge told him: "Police officers fulfil a very important function in protecting the public from harm.
"In many ways, it is a dangerous occupation and they undertake their duties with bravery as did this officer."
She added: "In my view, all those working for the emergency services are entitled to expect protection from the courts."
Patterson's own lawyer described the attack as "shocking" adding Patterson "struggled to rationalise" why he behaved in such a manner.
Tony Lenehan, defending, added: "He very much regrets the consequences...whoever tackled him that day was at risk."


A teen has been charged in connection with a car-jacking in which a heavily pregnant woman had noxious spray squirted into her eyes.

Two people approached the then-eight-month pregnant woman after she parked her VW Golf in a Birmingham car park in December 2016.
She tried to run away but was dragged to the floor before the attackers stole her keys and smashed her phone.
The charged boy, 15, is accused of robbery and possession of CS spray.
Read more stories about Birmingham and the Black Country
He was arrested at his Small Heath home on Thursday, police said, and was due to appear at Birmingham Youth Court on Friday.
Two firearms and suspected stolen property were seized by police during a search.
The woman was treated for minor injuries in hospital following her ordeal near Yew Tree car park, opposite Frogmoor Lane, Yardley, on 11 December 2016.
Police said then she and her unborn child were "doing well".


Plenty, a San Francisco vertical farming start-up, has raised $200m (£154m) from big-name investors that include Japanese media giant SoftBank, Alphabet's Eric Schmidt and Amazon boss Jeff Bezos.

Plenty said it would use the money to expand in the US and abroad.
The firm, founded in 2013, has an indoor growing system that uses less space and water than traditional farms.
It plans to bring its first self-grown food to market this fall.
"We're now ready to build out our farm network and serve communities around the globe," said Matt Barnard, chief executive and co-founder.
Plenty employs 100 people in three facilities in San Francisco and Wyoming. It has raised more than $226m since its start.
Mr Barnard said the firm has already signed up online and bricks-and-mortar distributors for the food, which will initially be dominated by leafy vegetables and herbs.
He declined to name the distributors or say where new facilities are planned, but said future announcements are planned.
Can city farms feed a hungry world?
In the future, will farming be fully automated?
SoftBank led the financing round through its SoftBank Vision Fund. Mr Schmidt and Mr Bezos invested through their Innovation Endeavors and Bezos Expeditions firms, respectively.
Mr Bezos's company, Amazon, has also made a major push in the grocery market with a plan to acquire Whole Foods.
"We believe that Plenty's team will remake the current food system to improve people's quality of life," said Masayoshi Son, chief executive of Softbank Group.
Mr Barnard, 44, grew up on a farm growing apples and cherries in Wisconsin.  He told the BBC locally grown food tastes better, since it doesn't need to survive weeks of transport.
Plenty's growing system - kind of like a living wall - and control over the environment, allows for water to be recycled easily.
It also makes growing crops more efficient. The firm says it can produce up to 350 times more per square foot than traditional farms.
The firm is planning indoor farms on land of two to five acres - roughly the size of Home Depots or Walmarts. Mr Barnard said the food will be competitively priced, thanks in part to a shorter supply chain, and within reach of a range of incomes.
"We want to get nutrient-rich food into as many different budgets as possible," he said.


The head of athletics' world governing body Lord Coe has defended therapeutic use exemptions (TUEs) - but admitted there is "potential" for exploitation.

TUEs can be issued to athletes who need to use medication on the World Anti-Doping Agency's (Wada) prohibited list.
Their use has become a talking point after stolen medical files from Wada's website were leaked by Russian hackers Fancy Bears.
"The TUEs system is a good system," Coe told BBC Radio 5 live's Sportsweek.
"Do we have to make sure that it is not being abused? Yes, of course. There is potential for that, but I don't think it is commonly the case.
"Can the public have trust in it? Yes, I think they can, but it will need permanent vigilance."
Coe, president of the International Association of Athletics Federations, said the organisation imposes a "very deep process" before TUEs are granted.
"We are very tough," the 59-year-old Briton said. "We log everything with Wada and, when a TUE is appropriate, they can come back and ask us for more information.
"TUEs are only given on the basis of an independent panel, it is not a general practitioner signing them off.
"It goes through a very deep process and we look to see if alternative treatments are available that would not collide with a substance on the banned list."
Coe, a double Olympic gold medallist, added: "I can't say whether in the past, or in the future, there haven't been some grey areas. But there should be some public trust for this system - and in athletics it is particularly robust."
Rio 2016 gold medallists Sir Bradley Wiggins, Laura Trott and Nicola Adams were among several British athletes named by Fancy Bears as having TUEs, as well as three-time Tour de France winner Chris Froome.
There is no suggestion any of the athletes have done anything wrong.
A TUE allows an athlete, for medical reasons, to take a prescribed substance or undergo treatment that is otherwise prohibited.
British athletes must contact their national governing body or follow UK Anti-Doping guidance before applying for a TUE.
There are strict criteria for one to be granted:


A man who died in a fire at a Denbighshire workshop has been named.

Barrie Newton, 71, of Rhuddlan, was the owner of the Light Works on Vale Road, Rhyl, where the blaze broke out on 23 December.
Neighbouring properties were evacuated as emergency crews tackled the fire.
A North Wales Fire and Rescue Service spokesman said the blaze is not being treated as suspicious.


Apple has acknowledged that the design of its standalone desktop computer, the Mac Pro, restricted its ability to update the model.

The firm has announced a limited refresh of the machine, the first time it has upgraded its innards since 2013.
But it said it would not be able to release a "new model" until an unspecified point after 2017.
The tech firm had faced criticism that it was not addressing the needs of its professional users.
It released a new line-up of MacBook-Pro-branded laptops in October, but was attacked for not including more powerful graphics cards in them and for removing several of the ports found in earlier models.
One expert said the latest announcement would reassure graphic designers, video editors, scientists and other power users that Apple was not abandoning them to focus on iPads and iPhones, which outsell the Macs.
Apple's engineering chiefs told a small group of journalists - which did not include the BBC - that the company had been constrained as a consequence of how it had expected graphics chip technology to develop.
The firm had believed it would become more common to use multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) to carry out complex tasks. The Mac Pro was designed to use two in parallel.
Instead, component-makers have focused on designing parts that maximise the output of a single GPU and give out more heat as a result.
This caused problems for the trash-can-like design of the machine. It did away with the multiple heat sinks and fans found in earlier Mac Pros, and instead used a single triangular piece of aluminium to conduct heat away from its processors, helping it to run more quietly as a result.
"The way the system is architected, it just doesn't lend itself to significant reconfiguration for somebody who might want a different combination of GPUs," Techcrunch quoted Apple's hardware chief John Ternus as saying.
"We realised we had to take a step back and completely re-architect what we're doing and build something that enables us to do these quick, regular updates and keep it current and keep it state of the art, and also allow a little more in terms of adaptability to the different needs of the different pro customers."
The firm's software engineering chief Craig Federighi added: "I think we designed ourselves into a bit of a thermal corner... being able to put larger single GPUs required a different system architecture and more thermal capacity than that system was designed to accommodate."
The refreshed models add more powerful CPU (central processing units) and dual-GPUs than before. But otherwise little has changed, including a lack of USB-C or Thunderbolt 3 ports common to Apple's other high-end systems, which offer data speed benefits.
"I think it was simply untenable for Apple to continue to remain silent on the Mac Pro front," commented the tech blogger John Gruber, who was also invited to the meeting.
"No matter how disappointing you consider today's speed bump updates to the line-up, they're certainly better than no updates at all.
"[But] if they had released these speed bumps without any comment about the future of the Mac Pro, people would have reasonably concluded that Apple had lost its... mind."
This is the second time in a week that Apple has been in the news because of GPUs.
On Tuesday, Imagination Technologies - the British designer of GPUs for its smartphones and tablets - revealed that Apple planned to go it alone and design its GPUs in-house.
In basic terms, a CPU calculates single sets of instructions more quickly (or two sets of instructions simultaneously if a dual-core chip is involved), while GPUs specialise in carrying out many calculations at the same time.
This makes GPUs better suited for "parallelisable" tasks - jobs that can be broken down into several parts and run simultaneously because the outcome of any one calculation does not determine the input of another.
As the name suggests, powering graphics is one example, but others include speech recognition and pattern matching.
Apple released the last version of its top-end desktop computer way back on 19 December 2013, but opted not to update it at its latest event.
The "trash can" was targeted at video editors, 3D graphics artists, engineers and other professionals who wanted a powerful workstation.
But three years is a very long time to go without a refresh, and a lot has happened in both tech and beyond in the interim.
To give an idea of how long it's been, all the events below have occurred since the computer went on sale:


An Acting Detective Chief Inspector in the Metropolitan Police is to face a misconduct meeting over his handling of a missing person case.

Saima Ahmed left her home in Wembley, northwest London, on 30 August 2015 and was reported missing the next day.
The detective allegedly failed to pursue inquiries relating to her last known sighting, a police watchdog said.
Her remains were eventually found in the grounds of a mansion and nearby golf club in Edinburgh in January 2016.
To date, no suspicious circumstances have been found concerning Ms Ahmed's death.
Her relatives said at the time it was uncharacteristic of the 36-year-old librarian to go missing and they subsequently complained about the Met Police's initial handling of the case.
The force referred itself to the police watchdog, the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC), on 18 January 2016.
Following an investigation into five people the IPCC found the acting Det Ch Insp had a case to answer for misconduct.
In the IPCC's opinion he failed to document his reasons for not following up the leads for Ms Ahmed's last known sighting, which may have breached professional standards.
He now faces a misconduct meeting with the Met Police, where the maximum disciplinary outcome could be a final written warning.
Other possible outcomes include no further action being taken, advice being issued by senior management and a written warning.
Separately the IPCC found while Met Police officers were sent to visit the family quickly after receiving the initial missing persons' report, there were inconsistencies and omissions in their recording of information at that early stage.
This meant some relevant details were unavailable to investigators and potentially affected the investigation and its risk assessments, it said.
A spokesman for the Met Police said the force was complying with the IPCC recommendations and a misconduct meeting would be held in August.
Two officers would face unsatisfactory performance procedures at a date yet to be fixed. they added.


There is no doubt that Kenya has been deeply scarred by the attack on the University in Garissa, in which at least 148 people were killed.

One senior police officer was reduced to tears in his office as he recalled in an off-the-cuff chat, the cold-blooded way the gunmen picked through their victims' belongings, forced them onto the floor face down, then gunned them down.
Kenyans are hard-working people who deeply care about security but many express a sense of being hamstrung.
As one man I spoke to in Garissa put it, there is "a sense of disconnect between the government and its people" and its ability to provide security in the face of an al-Shabab threat.
Key to this is a deep mistrust of authority.
Kenyan whistle-blower John Githongo, who in secretly recorded tapes exposed corruption under a previous administration, has been talking on social networks of "chickens coming home to roost".
He is not alone in that view.
Porous borders, allegations of widespread corruption within the security services and even claims by the Muslim community of "extrajudicial killings" all sound remarkably familiar to Kenyan ears.
It was no surprise then that many rolled their eyes in dismay, rather than marched in anger on the streets, at reports that the plane that was meant to bring commandos to storm the building during the deadly siege in Garissa, was delayed by several hours.
It had apparently been diverted, sent to collect a police chief's family, from their holiday on the coast. The police are yet to comment on the allegation.
Intelligence reports and parliamentary committees have warned of a tactical shift in the Somali Islamist group's recruitment campaign.
The evidence that al-Shabab is hiring in the "Kenyan homeland" shows it is exploiting the country's Achilles heel - what people here call "graft".
A thoughtful Kenyan businessman of Somali origin I met in the arid north-east of the country told me bluntly that for a government to win the fight against terrorism, it needed to win its people's trust first.
The scramble to woo the Muslim community in the past few days in these remote dusty parts, by a posse of government envoys, appears to be a frank admission that it needs to make friends.
Ali (this same Kenyan businessman whose name I have changed because like many others he fears his candour will lose him his job) told me he had spent a lot of time in the US and the Middle East since the 9/11 attack and had devoted much time to pondering about security.
Building elaborate "fences" to seal the border with Somalia, a programme which got under way this week, sounds to many like Ali more like a money-making scam than a concerted effort to control cross border attacks by al-Shabab.
What is needed, he believes, is not walls and fences but robust "intelligence gathering" and covert operations, which cannot be sabotaged by "graft".
As President Uhuru Kenyatta talks tough in the fight against corruption, one is left with a sense of missed opportunities to win the confidence of some in the Muslim community here.
In 2007 I stood on the border between Somalia and Kenya, as the US and Kenyan military bombed camps in Somalia used by fighters from the Islamic Courts - the precursor to al-Shabab.
Scores of Somali Kenyans caught up in the bombing flooded back across the border and headed home.
Many were picked up along the way by FBI agents and their Kenyan police colleagues, bundled onto unmarked planes and sent secretly to Ethiopia.
It was part of a programme of renditions, which would do little to win the confidence of the Kenyan Muslim community.
I met some of the families of the men once they had been released.
Their anger was not that their sons had been picked up, but that due legal process had not been followed.
Since then, what some consider the unfair racial profiling of ethnic Somalis who are Kenyan citizens by the police, has left men like Ali feeling that they are "bearing the cross" for the actions of Islamist militants like al-Shabab.
In the wake of the Westlands shopping complex attack nearly two years ago, nearly 1,000 Somali Kenyans were rounded up and held in a vast football stadium in the capital.
The press dubbed it the Kassarani "concentration camp" after the name of the stadium and it is far from clear whether the detainees, many of them successful Kenyan businessmen, were able to shed much light on fears of a home-grown al-Shabab recruitment campaign.
If anything, such treatment, community leaders argued, would serve to help radicalise some men angry at their treatment and at worst, push them into the arms of al-Shabab instead.
The recruitment of Kenyans on the "homeland" is now a cold and uncomfortable reality facing the intelligence services.
But if, as Ali claims, you "pay a few shillings and you can be sold out or set free" by the security services, then stemming the tide of recruitment, is going to be hard.


Brighton fell to their first loss since September and slipped to second in the Championship with defeat at Preston.

Paul Huntington gave Preston the lead when he headed in Paul Gallagher's free-kick at the near post.
Brighton improved after going behind, with Glenn Murray twice going close and Oliver Norwood firing just over.
But Callum Robinson fired in the hosts' second, while Tomer Hemed missed a late penalty for the Seagulls as they failed to turn pressure into goals.
Brighton are now one point behind Newcastle at the top of the table following the Magpies' 2-1 win at Brentford, but they have a game in hand.
The loss is just their second away from home this season, and their first defeat in 18 games in all competitions, a run which stretched back to their EFL Cup third-round defeat by Reading on 20 September.
Preston have never lost at home to Brighton in their history, with their latest victory the tenth in 16 meetings between the sides at Deepdale.
Simon Grayson's side have climbed to ninth in the table, just six points outside the play-off places.
Preston manager Simon Grayson:
"It was a complete victory, a very well-deserved win against a really strong team.
"It's looking like Brighton will end up in the top two this season - or even win the league - so for us to beat them so convincingly says a lot about this team.
"We looked strong throughout, but this result has been coming for quite a while now. We've been putting in some strong performances lately, but not really getting the results we've deserved."
Brighton manager Chris Hughton:
"I can't complain about the result. We were beaten by the better side on the day.
"The timing of the first goal was bad news for us. From that point on we're chasing the game.
"We should have done better defending the early goal, but having said that we know how dangerous Paul Gallagher can be in a set-piece situation.
"He's probably the best in the Championship in that kind of situation, though his free-kick should have been better defended."
Match ends, Preston North End 2, Brighton and Hove Albion 0.
Second Half ends, Preston North End 2, Brighton and Hove Albion 0.
Attempt saved. Jamie Murphy (Brighton and Hove Albion) left footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner.
Penalty saved! Tomer Hemed (Brighton and Hove Albion) fails to capitalise on this great opportunity,  right footed shot saved  in the bottom left corner.
Penalty Brighton and Hove Albion. Jamie Murphy draws a foul in the penalty area.
Penalty conceded by Chris Maxwell (Preston North End) after a foul in the penalty area.
Substitution, Preston North End. Liam Grimshaw replaces Aiden McGeady.
Jordan Hugill (Preston North End) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Beram Kayal (Brighton and Hove Albion) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jordan Hugill (Preston North End).
Attempt missed. Glenn Murray (Brighton and Hove Albion) header from the right side of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Beram Kayal.
Foul by Shane Duffy (Brighton and Hove Albion).
Jordan Hugill (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Substitution, Preston North End. Thomas Spurr replaces Daryl Horgan.
Corner,  Brighton and Hove Albion. Conceded by Paul Gallagher.
Offside, Brighton and Hove Albion. Sam Adekugbe tries a through ball, but Jamie Murphy is caught offside.
Attempt blocked. Anthony Knockaert (Brighton and Hove Albion) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Bruno.
Attempt blocked. Oliver Norwood (Brighton and Hove Albion) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Attempt blocked. Shane Duffy (Brighton and Hove Albion) header from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Connor Goldson with a headed pass.
Substitution, Preston North End. Tom Barkhuizen replaces Callum Robinson.
Corner,  Brighton and Hove Albion. Conceded by Paul Huntington.
Foul by Beram Kayal (Brighton and Hove Albion).
Alan Browne (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Anthony Knockaert (Brighton and Hove Albion) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Beram Kayal.
Attempt missed. Daryl Horgan (Preston North End) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Paul Gallagher.
Corner,  Brighton and Hove Albion. Conceded by Tom Clarke.
Substitution, Brighton and Hove Albion. Beram Kayal replaces Steve Sidwell.
Shane Duffy (Brighton and Hove Albion) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Shane Duffy (Brighton and Hove Albion).
Marnick Vermijl (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Steve Sidwell (Brighton and Hove Albion) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Alan Browne (Preston North End).
Corner,  Preston North End. Conceded by Bruno.
Foul by Glenn Murray (Brighton and Hove Albion).
Greg Cunningham (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Greg Cunningham (Preston North End) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Anthony Knockaert (Brighton and Hove Albion) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Greg Cunningham (Preston North End).
Offside, Preston North End. Greg Cunningham tries a through ball, but Alan Browne is caught offside.
Foul by Tomer Hemed (Brighton and Hove Albion).


George Groves outpointed France's Christopher Rebrasse at Wembley Arena to win the European super-middleweight title.

Groves, 26, controlled the fight and won a unanimous decision to earn a shot at WBC champion Anthony Dirrell.
Rebrasse landed some powerful punches of his own, but Groves's strong start and superior work-rate earned him a convincing victory.
Two judges scored the fight 118-110, with another making it 117-111.
"It feels great," said Groves, who improved his record to 20 wins from 22 fights. "That was a tough fight and the crowd helped me come through.
"Rebrasse was a good opponent, a tough guy - he took an awful lot of punches.
"It's onwards and upwards. I want to take over the world."
After the fight, Groves called out ringside television pundit Carl Froch, who won their two high-profile and acrimonious world title bouts.
"I'd love another shot," Groves told Froch, who dismissed any prospect of a rematch.
In his first fight since being knocked out by Froch at Wembley in May, Groves began strongly and dominated the opening round.
Rebrasse rallied well in a much more even second, but left himself open in the third, allowing the Briton to rock him with a powerful flurry.
Groves continued to operate at a remarkable tempo in the fourth, with his powerful and persistent left jab preventing the taller Frenchman from exploiting his reach advantage.
Rebrasse improved in the quieter middle rounds, catching Groves with some powerful punches on the counter, but they were isolated moments of success and the reigning champion was having little joy behind his own jab.
The eighth round encapsulated the competitive nature of the fight as Groves caught Rebrasse on the ropes, although the Frenchman unleashed some hurtful shots of his own.
While Rebrasse was showing the durability of a man who had never been stopped, Groves's superior hand speed was telling and he caught his opponent with a series of stinging right hands at the start of the 10th.
The final rounds were even, yet Groves had comfortably done enough to set up another world title fight against unbeaten American Dirrell.


Despite a rip-roaring 2015, something peculiar happened this month: Apple's stock value dropped to below $100 for the first time since October 2014.
That was down from a high of just over $132 last May.
As I write this, it's rallying on account of some decent rumours - but it's on Tuesday we'll truly know if 2016 is going to be a tough one for the tech giant.
On the one hand, we're expecting an amazing Christmas with record-breaking revenues, yet again.
But it's Apple's guidance for what to expect in the months to come that investors will be eagerly awaiting. It's here where the company outlines its worries, the issues that keeps it awake at night (or at least, stressed out in the boardroom).
Troubled investors are expecting Apple to say this: For the first time, sales of the iPhone are in decline.
Decline!
The iPhone!
That's a big deal.
According to the latest figures Apple has shared - from October - sales of the smartphone make up 63% of the company's entire revenue. That's before you factor in all the people who then go on to buy apps, subscribe to Apple Music, and do any number of other things with their phone from which Apple takes a cut.
Its other major products don't even come close. The Mac range has bucked a huge industry-wide decline but still only accounts for 13%. The iPad, meanwhile, represents 8% - though this may get a boost thanks to the recently launched iPad Pro, the bigger version that comes with a keyboard and little stylus.
Apple's major new product of recent times has been the Apple Watch. Yet we're still none-the-wiser about how successful that has been, as its performance is lumped into the "other" category, which includes sales of the iPod, Beats headphones and various other things.
Collectively, the "other" products were worth 6% in total.
The watch will have likely been a good performer at Christmas, so Apple may begin to shed some light on how well it is doing. But we'll have to wait and see.
The reliance on the iPhone is what worries investors most. Apple has plenty of repeat business - once hooked in, data shows people are far more likely to stick with Apple than change to another brand like Samsung - but it's now seeing a plateau when it comes to bringing in new customers.
Which is why China is so important.
Apple now makes more money in China than it does in the whole of Europe, and it's well on course to overtake the US.
"If China falls so does Apple," says Apple investor Daniel Ives, from FBR Capital Markets.
"They've really bet the house on the China growth opportunity."
Almost all of Apple's gains last year were thanks to Chinese expansion - new stores, and new customers who, until fairly recently, had to make do with awful knock-off imitations of the real deal.
But instability in the Chinese economy has rocked global markets. If China continues underperforming, it may be hard for Apple to continue that growth long-term.
But for the majority of investors and analysts, China doesn't represent a problem - yet.
It's still likely to be Apple's huge growth opportunity throughout 2016.
Case in point: there's currently only 30 Apple stores across the whole of China. California has 53.
Data suggests Apple's primary target in China, the middle classes, are still emptying their pockets with glee - particularly when it comes to buying Apple products.
Trying to predict Apple's future is a dangerous habit.
It rarely ends well - just ask ex-Microsoft boss Steve "the-iPhone-is-not-a-good-email-machine" Ballmer. And everyone at Blackberry. And Nokia.
But speculate we must, and here's a summary for what investors and analysts think could happen in 2016.
And then there's one word that would send Apple's shares soaring in an instant: car.
Rumours that Apple is making a car have gone from a murmur to shouts in the past six months.
Some predict Apple is looking at making a car, others say the company would be wiser to work with existing car makers to integrate Apple software - something which is already happening with CarPlay, a sort of slimmed down version of iOS designed for driving.
"It always goes back to can they come up with something as powerful as the iPhone," says Carolina Milanesi, an analyst with Kantar Worldpanel ComTech.
"And I don't know if that is going to have to have us wait until the car comes out."
But she adds: "I don't think investors will ever be happy with Apple,"
"Because if they can do 10, they want 11. If they can do 11 they want 12."
Follow Dave Lee on Twitter @DaveLeeBBC and on Facebook


Peacocks in a Devon village have been attacking cars by scratching and pecking at the paintwork.

The birds, that live around Bishops Court Estate in Clyst St Mary, near Exeter, and are mistaking their reflections for rival birds.
The peacocks are thought to be wild and have been targeting dark-coloured vehicles.
Local residents said in recent years the birds had increased in number and grown more aggressive.
Penny Hill, a business support manager at a nearby business estate, said her Audi TT was repeatedly violently attacked by a peacock.
"The pecking has completely ruined the paintwork and it is going to cost around Â£500-Â£600 to fix," she said.
"They're attacking the car because it's mating season and they think the reflection is another bird which it's jealous of.
"I just want to know who owns the birds because they need to be restrained or re-homed."
Stephen Fricker owns a business on the same estate and has had his company car damaged by the birds.
"It's very frustrating they scratched all down the driver's side and had a good go at the boot," he said.
"It was that aggressive the bird ripped its own claw off and left the car covered in blood."
Mr Fricker said he had tried lots of ways to deter the birds but was unsuccessful.
"We put a mirror out so it would attack that but they still went for the cars, we're now having to use a car cover," he said.
"We've got two choices - shoot the poor things or re-home them, and they are beautiful creatures so we don't want to kill them."
Local residents are now contacting animal authorities to see what can be done.


This week was the first anniversary of the death of my former Glamorgan team-mate and friend Tom Maynard.

Swansea-born Middlesex and ex-Glamorgan bowler James Harris remembers his friend Tom Maynard one year on from his death.
Tom died on 18 June last year. It was a tragic event and it has been well documented what happened, but all the stuff that came out in the press is not the Tom I knew.
I will always remember Tom as a fantastic guy who I got on with very well and somebody I really enjoyed playing cricket with.
He was incredibly talented and was destined for great things. The anniversary of his death brought back some pretty tough memories of how I felt when it all happened.
But the Tom Maynard Trust has been set up and is doing some fantastic things in his memory, as are people from Millfield School who are raising funds to send a child to the school sometime in the future.
What is being done in Tom's memory represents the guy I know, and how I choose to remember him.
Tom left Glamorgan for Surrey and always told me much he was enjoying his time in London. A move to London had always appealed to me because I'd always wanted to live in this part of the world, but only if the cricketing options were the right ones.
The first few weeks after I moved to Middlesex were a frustration due to a niggling hamstring injury which I picked up and was probably the result of my own over-eagerness and wanting to prove that they had made a good investment by signing me. I was also trying to prove to myself that I deserved to be with them.
I probably came back from that injury too soon, forced things and the problem lingered longer than it should have done. It should have been a 10-day thing but ended up being a three-week injury.
That injury cost me a place with the England Lions and that was disappointing, but I wasn't the guy with any kind of form and hadn't played any kind of really good cricket when the squad was announced.
There's no complaints about that from me and these things happen, but the drive and determination to play international cricket is still there and has never been bigger.
I have made no bones about the fact that I want to play cricket for England and that is what I am aiming for and working hard for every day.  It's all about chipping away in the nets and working hard in the gym and making sure I improve every day and to push my way up the ladder to the forefront of the selectors' minds.
So I just have to keep knocking on the door and make sure I am the one who batters it down the next time they need a player. My former Lions team-mate Joe Root is a prime example of how things can change quickly and proves what can be achieved with hard work.
Joe and I have been on a couple of tours together and his emergence at international level just spurs you on and makes you realise how close you are to an England call-up. A couple of good performances, here and there, could see you in the team.
It also shows the value of the Lions team in the England set-up and that there is real pathway to international honours and that playing for England is in touching distance.
That is something I am striving for now and for the next decade. Getting one cap is the aim and then seeing how many more I can get after that to fill the cupboard at home.
While most people have probably been watching the Champions Trophy, I have been knuckling down with Middlesex and the last few weeks have been very good for me, even if the body has taken a bit of a pounding.
I will really have to take care of myself over the next few weeks, just because their is a real upward spike in the workload on the body, with back-to-back championship games and also the move into the one-day game and Twenty20 cricket.
We are battered and bruised, like most teams are at this time of the season, because there is so much cricket to play in such a short space of time. It is difficult changing from one format to another because you need a different skill-set for one form of cricket to another.
Batsmen do come at you so much harder in Twenty20 cricket, so you need much more trickery but to be much more disciplined in your approach.
The demands can be tough. We will play a Twenty20 game, then the following morning we will play a four-day championship game and then have another Twenty20 game straight after that.
It really calls for guys to be mentally switched on and to be able to adapt quickly to the unique demands of each format of the game and have the ability to switch from one form of cricket to another.
James Harris was talking to BBC Sport's Simon Roberts


James Botham, the grandson of England cricket legend Sir Ian, scored on his Wales Under-18 debut as they beat Scotland 31-30 in Swansea.

Centre Corey Baldwin crossed twice for Wales either side of Botham's first-half touchdown.
Joe Goodchild scored to put Wales 28-13 up at the break, before Scotland rallied with a try by Ben Eynon.
Botham was sin-binned but Ben Jones' late penalty took his own points tally to 11 as Wales held on for victory.