A private college has been ordered to pay £5,000 to a former student who claimed that a certificate for a course she completed was issued a year late.

Monika Maldrik says she finished all the assignments for a Higher National Diploma in health and social care management at ABI College, west London.
Ms Maldrik says the delay meant she "lost a year".
The college says it will contest the order made by the County Court Money Claims Centre in May.
The certificate for the course, which ran from September 2013 until May last year, was finally issued in mid-June this year and the college has told Ms Maldrik it is ready to collect.
Her statement to the County Court Money Claims Centre says she paid more than £5,800 in tuition fees for the full-time course.
"Unfortunately, I did not get the service for which I paid," she says in the statement.
The college rejects Ms Maldrik's criticisms of her course but accepts that changes in teaching personnel did cause some delays in marking assignments.
Ms Maldrik, who works for the minimum wage as a carer says she has so far been unable to apply for better jobs because of the delay in issuing the certificate.
The order, which was issued in May after the college did not respond to Ms Maldrik's claim, tells the institution to pay Ms Maldrik, who now lives in Margate, £5,000, including £205 costs.
The college is now applying to have the order set aside and says it will contest the claim.
The college told Ms Maldrik the late issuing of the certificate was due to a block being placed on some candidates by the exam board Pearson which runs the HND qualifications.
A spokesman for Pearson said the exam board was unable to comment on individual cases but said it employed a rigorous set of checks "to enable us to have confidence in any centre which delivers our qualifications which can, on some occasions, result in centres being blocked until any issues have been addressed.
"We regret any distress that this process may cause to students but we have a duty to ensure that standards are upheld nationally so that students, universities and employers can remain confident about the performance of students who complete our courses."


Roger Federer won his first match since winning an 18th Grand Slam title at the Australian Open as he saw off France's Benoit Paire in just 54 minutes at the Dubai Championships.

The 35-year-old Swiss, ranked 10th, won 6-1 6-3 and goes on to face Mikhail Youzhny or Evgeny Donskoy.
Elsewhere, Andy Murray lost out to fellow Briton Dan Evans in the first round of the men's doubles.
Murray and Nenad Zimonjic lost 6-1 7-6 (7-2) to Evans and Gilles Muller.
World number one Murray will return to singles action against Tunisia's Malek Jaziri, ranked 51st, on Tuesday.
The Scot has not played since losing in the fourth round of the Australian Open last month, but says he is 'ready to go' in Dubai.
This is Murray's sixth appearance at the Dubai tournament - his best result was reaching the 2012 final where he lost to Federer.
Third seed Federer missed last year's tournament with a knee injury.
"It's incredible to be back, I missed playing here last year. I'm standing and I'm here,' he said.
Federer faced three break points in the match, but he saved them all.
"There were some break points to be saved,'' he added. "I think I returned very well for a first round. I was able to get my second serves in deep, was able to go into the offensive quickly.''


A machine has taught itself how to play and win video games, scientists say.

The computer program, which is inspired by the human brain, learned how to play 49 classic Atari games. In more than half, it was as good or better than a professional human player.
Researchers from Google DeepMind said this was the first time a system had learned how to master a wide range of complex tasks.
The study is  published in the journal Nature.
Dr Demis Hassabis, DeepMind's vice president of engineering, said:  "Up until now, self-learning systems have only been used for relatively simple problems.
"For the first time, we have used it in a perceptually rich environment to complete tasks that are very challenging to humans."
Technology companies are investing heavily in machine learning. In 2014, Google purchased DeepMind Technologies for a reported Â£400m.
This is not the first time that a machine has mastered complex games.
IBM's Deep Blue - a chess-playing computer - famously beat the world champion Garry Kasparov in a match staged in 1997.
However, this artificial intelligence system was pre-programmed with a sort of instruction manual that gave it the expertise it needed to excel at the board game.
The difference with DeepMind's computer program, which the company describes as an "agent", is that it is armed only with the most basic information before it is given a video game to play.
Dr Hassabis explained: "The only information we gave the system was the raw pixels on the screen and the idea that it had to get a high score. And everything else it had to figure out by itself."
The team presented the machine with 49 different videogames, ranging from classics such as Space Invaders and Pong, to boxing and tennis games and the 3D-racing challenge Enduro.
In 29 of them, it was comparable to or better than a human games tester. For Video Pinball, Boxing and Breakout, its performance far exceeded the professional's, but it struggled with Pac-Man, Private Eye and Montezuma's Revenge.
"On the face it, it looks trivial in the sense that these are games from the 80s and you can write solutions to these games quite easily," said Dr Hassabis.
"What is not trivial is to have one single system that can learn from the pixels, as perceptual inputs, what to do.
"The same system can play 49 different games from the box without any pre-programming. You literally give it a new game, a new screen and it figures out after a few hours of game play what to do."
The research is the latest development in the field of "deep learning", which is paving the way for smarter machines.
Scientists are developing computer programs that - like the human brain - can be exposed to large amounts of data, such as images or sounds, and then intuitively extract useful information or patterns.
Examples include machines that can scan millions of images and understand what they are looking at: they can tell a cat is a cat, for example. This ability is key for self-driving cars, which need an awareness of their surroundings.
Or machines that can understand human speech, which can be used in sophisticated voice recognition software or for systems that translate languages in real-time.
Dr Hassabis said: "One of the things holding back robotics today, in factories, in things like elderly care robots and in household-cleaning robots, is that when these machines are in the real world, they have to deal with the unexpected. You can't pre-program it with every eventuality that might happen.
"In some sense, these machines need intelligence that is adaptable and they have to be able to learn for themselves."
Some fear that creating computers that can outwit humans could be dangerous.
In December, Prof Stephen Hawking said that the development of full artificial intelligence "could spell the end of the human race".
Follow Rebecca on Twitter


US software giant Microsoft plans to buy back $40bn worth of its shares.

The firm did not say how long the repurchase scheme would last. Its previous buyback, also worth $40bn, was announced in September 2013 and is due to be completed by the end of the year.
Share buybacks tend to support a company's share price and are popular with investors.
Microsoft also announced that it was raising its quarterly dividend by 8%, to 39 cents a share.
Microsoft shares rose 1% in after-hours trading.
Earlier this year Microsoft announced its biggest ever acquisition - the purchase of the professional networking website LinkedIn - for just over $26bn (Â£18bn) in cash.
That was considered a high price for LinkedIn, which reported an annual loss of $166m.
Microsoft chief executive Satya Nadella said it was part of Microsoft's transformation into a cloud computing business, providing a range of professional services to clients - including a social network to connect them to each other.


If only keeping clean clothes came as easily as keeping clean sheets to Wolves defender Dominic Iorfa.

"He left us a few months ago but he still brings his dirty washing round," said Arthur Benton, who - along with partner Ann - was Iorfa's landlord during his formative years in the Championship club's academy.
"My washing machine was broken at one point so they were doing [the washing] for a spell," replied Iorfa, 19, with a smile. "I still take it over every now and again. Just my white stuff, so that it doesn't get stained."
Perhaps Arthur and Ann should start stocking up on polish for Iorfa's shiny new trophy. His performances in January earned him the Football League's Young Player of the Month award.
Iorfa started all four league matches in an unbeaten month for Wolves, who conceded just two goals in those games, both coming in a 2-2 draw at Bolton on 31 January.
Clean sheets against Blackburn, Blackpool and Charlton helped Kenny Jackett's side return to play-off contention after a poor run of form, and further cemented Iorfa's first-team place just a month after his Wolves debut.
Iorfa told BBC Sport: "I've seen some of the other players that have won it and they are all good young players who have been doing really well.
"For me to be in that list of winners is very good and I'm very happy. It's been a good few months for me and I just want to push on from here."
In an era in which youngsters move across the country and, in some cases, the continent to sign for their chosen team, having a stable environment away from football is crucial to a player's progression.
Iorfa, the son of a former Nigeria international of the same name who played for several English clubs including Queens Park Rangers and Peterborough, grew up in Southend before being spotted by Wolves at the age of 15 and relocating to Wolverhampton.
Any anxiety about leaving Essex so young soon disappeared, and after a few months at another lodging, Iorfa moved to the place he would call "home" for more than two years.
"The club put me with Ann and Arthur and I was with a few other lads from the same youth team," he said. "They looked after me really well and I'm really grateful to them because everything they did for me was to help my football.
"I was 15 or 16 when I moved away and it was something similar to home, which is good and it helps you settle in.
"All the players welcomed me. That helps as well. If I'd gone somewhere I didn't like and I didn't get along with people, it would have been a bit of a struggle, but everyone was really nice and the club has been very good as well."
Wolves head coach Jackett added: "The support system set up in our academy for our young players is very important. It's important at the club, but it is also just as important for when they are away from the club.
"Whether it's family, friends, or the landlords and landladies, the support system in place behind the scenes is vital. At Wolves, this is something that the staff work very hard at, making sure the players are all settled."
A loan spell in League One with Shrewsbury Town last season gave Iorfa his first seven appearances in senior football. "It toughened me up and got me used to what men's football is about," he said.
A four-game losing run prompted Jackett to hand Iorfa his Wolves debut against Bournemouth on 6 December.
On that day, few were more proud than Benton, a long-time Wolves supporter who follows the team home and away.
"This is about the 12th season that we've had kids with us," he said. "The only one that's really made it at Wolves out of all of them is Dom, and he's come on leaps and bounds.
"All of a sudden, he's got in the first team and he looks like he's been there for ages.
"You want him to do well. You are proud, more for them than yourself, because you've seen them develop and you've helped to nurture them. And also, you've got to thank Kenny for giving him a go."
Wolves are proud of their record of developing young players. Robbie Keane and Joleon Lescott are among their previous success stories, and several more have been given their chance at Molineux since Jackett was appointed in the summer of 2013.
Jackett rebuilt his squad, having inherited a group that had suffered consecutive relegations from the Premier League to League One.
Youngsters such as Danny Batth, Jack Price, Lee Evans and Ethan Ebanks-Landell helped Wolves surge to the League One title last season and have pushed them to the brink of the top six this term.
Iorfa and fellow defender Kortney Hause are the latest teenagers to get their chance in the senior side and Jackett remains committed to the policy of promoting youth.
A new state-of-the-art academy facility costing around £7m, which was officially opened late in 2014, should ensure the ex-Millwall boss will continue to have plenty of young talent at his disposal.
"We are a club that produces its own players and we want to carry on doing that," he said. "A lot of people work very hard behind the scenes at developing these players and helping to bring them through.
"When I came into the club, I felt that a new group was needed and that will continue to have to move on - it is very important for us. Giving these younger players the chance and the opportunity to play first-team football is key."
As for Iorfa, who is stunned and delighted that he already has his own terrace chant at Molineux, the aims for the remainder of the season are clear.
"Keep doing well, keep improving and stay in the team," said the England Under-20 international. "Hopefully, as a club, we can all make it into the Premier League.
"There are about 15 games left and we're about five points outside the play-offs. The last few results haven't been the best but we're a good enough team. If everyone performs to their best ability, we should be fine."


Labour leadership hopeful Owen Smith has called for a "new industrial revolution", warning the UK is "on the edge of another recession".

In a speech, he called for a focus on "jobs of the future" in areas such as the car industry and green energy.
He is challenging Jeremy Corbyn, who has called for "radical solutions" such as "injecting Â£500bn into our economy".
Mr Smith hit out at his rival, saying he was "useless" as leader and had "fractured" the Labour movement.
Mr Corbyn, who is holding a campaign rally in Bristol later, has said he would invest in infrastructure, manufacturing and new industries backed by a publicly-owned National Investment Bank and regional banks.
The Labour leader has also pledged to bring in stronger employment rights, including an end to "exploitative zero hours contracts" and mandatory collective bargaining on pay rates for companies with 250 or more employees if he becomes prime minister.
He has also said he would end the public sector pay cap by bringing back the 50p top rate of income tax and a 1% increase in corporation tax.
Meanwhile, five new Labour Party members have won a High Court battle to vote in the leadership contest after a court ruled against the party's decision not to allow anyone who joined after 12 January to take part. Labour is expected to appeal the ruling.
Speaking at a tech start-up centre in Newcastle, Owen Smith said he wanted to "rebalance the economy" saying successive governments had allowed the economy to be "too reliant" on financial services and "insecure, low-skilled and low-paid jobs".
"I want to make Britain the workshop of the world once more," he said, as he called for "a new industrial revolution to secure the jobs of the future".
He said this would mean supporting "existing industries such as the automotive industry" but also investing in new industries including digital and tech start-ups, creative industries and renewable energy.
Mr Smith said the Bank of England's decisions to cut interest rates to a record low and expand quantitative easing show the economy is "standing on the edge of another recession", with "ordinary working people" set to pay the price.
The Pontypridd MP said ministers must not be given a "blank cheque" on Brexit, and he also underlined his demand for a second referendum to allow voters to sign off the terms of a deal on leaving the EU.
He did not hold back on his criticism of Mr Corbyn, either, saying that the leader "didn't deliver" on promises made.
"Great at slogans, useless at solutions. Great at talking about forging a united Labour movement but he has done the opposite. He's fractured it," he said.
He said he might be tempted to call a snap election if he was in Prime Minister Theresa May's position: "If I were her, I might well do."
Meanwhile, answering readers' questions in the Sunday Mirror, Mr Corbyn said Labour must offer "radical solutions to problems" to win elections.
"That means we must prioritise the NHS to eliminate its deficit, we must make trains work for passengers and not shareholders, and we must address chronic under-investment by injecting Â£500bn into our economy through regional investment banks," he said.


Labour's Joe Anderson has won a second term as Liverpool Mayor.

Mr Anderson, who became the city's first elected mayor in 2012, won again comfortably taking 53% of the vote.
Labour also retained control of Liverpool City Council but ceded two seats to the Liberal Democrats.
Sefton, St Helens, Knowsley and Wirral also stayed under Labour control, as did Halton in Cheshire. The result of Merseyside's Police and Crime Commissioner election is due later.
Mr Anderson became leader of the Labour group on Liverpool City Council in 2003, and headed the council when the party regained control in May 2010.
He then campaigned for the cabinet system of city government to be replaced by a directly-elected mayor.
Mr Anderson said he hoped to make the city more self-sufficient in his second term.
"My vision is that we are sustainable in the future and not relying and dependent on government funding and we're able to look after ourselves."
BBC News App users: tap here to see the results.
In Knowsley, the Liberal Democrats took three seats from Labour in Prescot North, with Labour losing three seats to Independent candidates and one to the Conservatives in Sefton.
The new make-up of Knowsley Council sees Labour holding 42 of the 45 seats, with the three remaining seats held by the Liberal Democrats.
One of the new Lib Dem councillors in Prescot North, Carl Cashman, told BBC Radio Merseyside: "We're a real minority but this is the start.
"What people have got now is they've got a voice.
"One thing people told me is you're not just standing up for Prescot, you're standing up for Knowsley," he said.
There aren't many surprises in local politics on Merseyside these days - but today's local elections contained at least one shocker: The Liberal Democrats won three seats in Knowsley.
Since 2012, Labour's been the only party on the council. Now, the three newly elected councillors representing Prescot North will be the opposition.
The ward was created as a result of boundary changes, which saw the number of councillors cut from 63 to 45.
Local campaign group First for Kirkby were just a couple of hundred votes shy of victory in Whitefield ward.
Labour still holds 39 of the 66 seats on Wirral Council. Of the 23 up for grabs on Thursday, 14 were won by Labour with the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats seven and two respectively.
Phil Davies, leader of Wirral Council, said: "We were defending a number of really difficult contests tonight.
"We maintain our majority of 12 seats on the council and I think it's a vote of confidence for the job we've done for the people of Wirral."


Seven officials from world's governing body Fifa are facing extradition to the US, after being arrested by Swiss authorities last week on corruption charges.

Fifa president Sepp Blatter is not one of them but he has announced he will resign.
There is a bilateral extradition treaty between the US and Switzerland. Here is a guide to how extradition between the two countries works, and the issues that this case is likely to throw up.
The US justice authorities have indicted 14 individuals for allegedly accepting bribes and kickbacks estimated at more than $150m (Â£97m).  The US Department of Justice has confirmed the charges relate to racketeering, wire fraud and money laundering conspiracies "among other offences" and an alleged "24-year scheme to enrich themselves through the corruption of international soccer".
"The indictment alleges corruption that is rampant, systemic, and deep-rooted both abroad and here in the United States," said US Attorney General Loretta Lynch.
Of the 14 indicted on corruption charges, the seven Fifa officials, all from or working in the Latin American and Caribbean region, are being held at detention centres following their arrest at a Zurich luxury hotel last Wednesday. All seven have contested extradition.
Both Swiss and US justice officials have said the indicted officials had allegedly received $150m worth of bribes from the early 1990s for football tournaments in the US and Latin America. The alleged crimes were agreed to and prepared in the US via US bank accounts.
Once the extradition request is made by the US authorities, it's essentially a three-stage process:
(i) the Swiss Federal Office of Justice Extradition Unit (FOJ) accepts the extradition request, examines it in order to be satisfied that it contains all the necessary information and that extradition is possible.  If satisfied it will order the police to detain the person - evidence and goods acquired as a result of the offence will be seized.  The FOJ makes a decision as a first instance court.
The essential condition that needs to be met is dual criminality i.e. whether the offences that the extradition request alleges have been committed would also be punishable under Swiss law - and on the facts of this case, I don't anticipate that will be a problem for the US.  They do not need to be precisely the same offence - for example, theft in one country can be called embezzlement in another. Generally the FOJ will issue an extradition warrant and invite the requesting state to issue a formal extradition request.  There is a 40-day time limit for the requesting state to do this.
(ii) the defendant can then appeal to the Federal Criminal Court (FCC).  Both the wanted person and the FOJ can appeal against its decision up to the Supreme Court in certain cases.  The wanted person can apply to be released from custody at any stage during extradition proceedings.
(iii) the FOJ then makes the final decision on extradition.  Note that questions of guilt or fact are NOT examined as part of the extradition proceedings, so there is no examination of whether the wanted person committed the offence.
In terms of the amount of evidence required for the extradition, Article 9(3)(b) of the Swiss/US Treaty requires a "reasonable basis" for concluding the defendant committed the crime.
Normally extradition will have to wait until criminal proceedings in the state to whom the request is made have run their course. On the same day they carried out the arrests under the US extradition request, the Swiss authorities opened a separate criminal investigation of their own into the awarding of the 2018 World Cup to Russia and the 2022 event to Qatar. It has been reported that for now these cases do not appear to involve the same men, so the pending Swiss case would not interfere with their extradition.
"At this stage the scope for these men to resist extradition seems limited.  The US looks to have a firm evidential basis for its case, and international corruption is regarded by all nations as a very serious crime.  I anticipate that the US will be able to satisfy the Swiss legal conditions for extradition," says expert extradition barrister Julian Knowles QC.
Sepp Blatter, who announced on Tuesday that he would resign as Fifa president, has not been indicted and his extradition is not being sought by the US.  Should that change, Blatter, who is Swiss, would have protection from extradition from Switzerland because Article 7 of IMAC (the governing Swiss law) prohibits the extradition of Swiss nationals.
Switzerland is not alone in reserving the right to refuse to extradite its own nationals.  One way around this would be for the US to ask the Swiss authorities to conduct criminal proceedings on its behalf against Blatter.
If he were to move abroad at a time when an indictment was presented by the US authorities to the country he was visiting, he would be much more vulnerable to an extradition request. Assuming it was a country which had extradition arrangements with the US, a normal extradition process could take place.
The US could possibly seek what is known as an Interpol "red notice" - sometimes described as the closest thing to an international arrest warrant.
The information disseminated via notices concerns individuals wanted for serious crimes, and would lead to the arrest and detention of a suspect who left a country where they were immune from extradition.
Predicting how long the extradition process will take is always difficult, because it depends in part on what the defendant does, but if appeals are taken, a year or so would not be uncommon.
"From the time of arrest to the final enforceable decision, it would easily take two months (for extradition), a few months, if there are not too many complex legal issues. Not years," Peter Cosandey, a Zurich-based lawyer and former provincial district attorney, told Reuters.
Swiss law can provide exemption from extradition in respect of allegations of tax crimes. Mark Rich, the American billionaire commodity trader and hedge fund manager, lived up to his own surname in a luxurious Swiss villa in the 1980s and 1990s while refusing to return to the US to face what was then the biggest tax evasion case in US history. He was controversially pardoned by President Bill Clinton before his death in 2013.
That case added to Switzerland's reputation as a country where rich and influential foreign nationals can sometimes evade justice for crimes committed in their home country.
However, other than in tax-related cases, Switzerland has a reasonable history of dealing with extradition requests.
High-profile cases include film director Roman Polanski.  He was arrested as he arrived in Zurich for a film festival in September 2009 at the request of US authorities following a 1977 charge of having sex with a 13-year-old girl in California.
Polanski was released from custody after lodging $4.5m bail, agreeing to wear an electronic monitoring tag and surrendering his identity and travel documents while under house arrest in his chalet in the Swiss ski resort of Gstaad. The authorities did not extradite him because of potential technical faults in the US request regarding legal arguments that Polanski had already served his sentence before fleeing Los Angeles in 1978.
Russia's former Nuclear Energy Minister Yevgeny Adamov was extradited from Switzerland to Russia in 2005. That ruling irritated the US, which had wanted his extradition on fraud charges.
Saudi financier Adnan Khashoggi was arrested while in Switzerland for medical checks at the US's request in 1989 on charges of racketeering and fraud linked to theft by former Philippines President Ferdinand Marcos. His extradition back to the US was concluded in a speedy three months. He was never convicted.


The likelihood of becoming a student at Oxford or Cambridge Universities can be strongly influenced by date of birth.

Last year the chance of someone born in October becoming an Oxbridge undergraduate was more than 30% higher than for someone born in July.
In seasonal terms, compared to the summer-born applicants, autumn births were 25% more likely to get an Oxbridge place, while for winter and spring births the figures were 17% and 15% more likely respectively.
This is according to data obtained from both universities under freedom of information and analysed by the BBC.
It raises the issue of whether universities should start to consider applicants' dates of birth when deciding who to give places to.
It is a well established fact in educational research that children who are younger in their year group at school tend on average to do significantly worse in terms of educational attainment. Known sometimes as the "birthdate effect" or "relative age effect", this generally diminishes as children get older but does not vanish.
Less research has been done on the implications for later life, but what these Oxbridge admissions statistics now demonstrate is that the impact on life outcomes can persist beyond school.
The birthdate effect is also a recognised phenomenon in sport.
We obtained figures from both universities for the months of birth of undergraduate applicants for places in 2012. This data only refers to applicants resident in the UK, not international students. The statistics for both universities reveal a similar monthly pattern for those accepted.
This fits with the birthdate effect. The vast majority of UK applicants to Oxbridge are from England and Wales, where school year groups are formed on a September-August basis. Thus those who have been older within their year groups are more likely to reach Oxbridge than their younger classmates.
(In Scotland, school year groups are formed on a March-February basis, and in Northern Ireland on a July-June basis. But only about 3 to 4% of UK-domiciled Oxbridge students are from Scotland or Northern Ireland, so the general picture is still valid.)
Of course the number of people actually born in each month also varies, but this does not explain the variation in Oxbridge admissions. For comparison I have included in the table above the numbers of births by month in the UK in 1993/94, which is the year of birth for more than 80% of the students accepted in 2012.
The final column measures the relative impact for Oxbridge entrance of being born in that month compared to August.
This means that on this basis for someone born in September, say, the likelihood of an Oxbridge place in 2012 was 1.12 times (or 12% higher than) for someone born in August.
It takes into account the overall numbers born in that month 18 years previously. This is a simplified and quick analysis, which ignores various details. But none of these factors should alter the broad overall picture of the strong presence of a birthdate effect.
However, in all this it is very important to note that for both universities a similar pattern - weighted towards birthdays earlier in the September-August academic year - applies to all applicants, not just those who were accepted.
This suggests the birthdate effect (like some other inequalities) is already present in influencing which pupils are doing well enough at school to apply to Oxbridge.
In other words, the Oxbridge admissions process is probably reflecting a pre-established pattern of educational disadvantage, not creating it.
Both Oxford and Cambridge routinely issue a broad collection of statistics relating to admissions, such as gender, ethnicity, disability, region and school type of candidates. However neither proactively publishes the data on month of birth, which we therefore obtained through requests under the Freedom of Information Act.
Both universities state they do not take an applicant's month of birth into account in the admissions process. A Cambridge spokesperson said that an analysis of admissions statistics should examine a range of variables over several years. Neither university wanted to issue any further reaction.
The impact of month of birth on a wide range of child and adult outcomes is currently the subject of a major research project conducted by the Institute of Fiscal Studies, which is expected to report in May.
Ellen Greaves, one of the IFS researchers, commented: "The data obtained by the BBC show that universities, including Oxford and Cambridge, may be missing out on some of the brightest students by accepting disproportionate numbers of pupils born earlier in the academic year."
"Although much could and should be done to address these inequalities earlier in the education system, it is in each university's interest to make sure that they consider a pupil's month of birth in their admissions process."


On a gently curved street in the leafy neighbourhood of Happy Valley in Hong Kong, a lone shoe shop stands amid a row of consecutive property agencies.

Gigi Shoes has occupied this prime spot on Wong Nai Chung Road since 1975.
But this week, after four decades in business, the sole hold-out on a street once known as the best area in town to purchase handmade women's shoes is closing, a victim of rising rental prices.
Its founder and owner Ng Chung-fu, 88, had failed to agree a new lease with the landlord.
"Our business is doing well. We have a lot of customers who want us to keep going," he says.
Mr Ng started working with shoes in his teens, before becoming his own boss in his late 40s with the well-known store on Hong Kong's "shoe street".
"The customers say they are very happy with our service and have nowhere else to go to buy shoes. When I hear that, I feel really helpless."
Gentrification is a trend all over the world.
But in Hong Kong, it has been happening at break-neck pace due to low interest rates, a booming retail industry and the rise of the mainland Chinese economy.
According to figures from property firm Jones Lang Lasalle, rental prices at high street shops in Causeway Bay, a prime shopping district just a few minutes walk from Gigi Shoes, have risen by 45% since the beginning of 2010.
Compared to prices a decade ago, commercial rentals in the area have more than doubled.
Another index from Jones Lang Lasalle grouping rental prices in four of Hong Kong's top retail neighbourhoods - Causeway Bay, Central, Tsim Sha Tsui and Mongkok - shows a nearly identical trend.
"I've taken friends to that shoe store," says Denis Ma, head of Hong Kong research at JLL. "Most locals who need tailored shoes, either they have really small feet or gigantic feet, go to that street. It has changed a lot in the last 10 years."
Now Gigi is surrounded by nine property agencies advertising the latest commercial or residential deals.
Mr Ng's son, Desmond, 50, says the store has a profit margin of about 5%, which is average in the industry.
The business was more profitable 10 years ago, when costs were lower and competition less plentiful.
The younger Mr Ng says there were no long, drawn-out negotiations with the landlord because the property owner understood the store's finances and knew what they could afford.
Mr Ma of JLL says the general rule of thumb is that rental costs should not exceed 30% of revenue, for a business to be sustainable.
On a recent afternoon several days ahead of the closing, old and new customers flock to Gigi, lured by sale prices between 60% and 80% lower than usual.
A pair of comfortable yet elegant leather ballet slippers sells for 200 Hong Kong dollars ($25.80; Â£16.80).
Shiny patent leather pumps cost just 400 Hong Kong dollars.
The elder Mr Ng and two of his three children, Desmond and Annie, busily serve the shoppers, who include office worker Hazel Chan, 30.
"It is so sad that it's closing," says the customer of five years. "I think Hong Kong people like these family-owned shops because they are nicer to you, and the service is better."
She laments the disappearance of the mum and pop shops of her youth, when she was able to purchase snacks for one or two Hong Kong dollars after school.
Ms Chan's two friends, who each snap up several pairs of shoes, note that residential rental prices have been soaring too.
China's slowing economy and possible future interest rate hikes may present a silver lining for Mr Ng, who hopes to re-open the store at another location.
Mr Ma reckons high street shop rentals will fall by 20% to 25% this year, compared to 2014.
It would be the first such fall since global financial crisis of 2008.
Marcos Chan, a Hong Kong-based research director at property firm CBRE, says retail rental prices in nearby Causeway Bay have already dropped by an average of 22% so far this year, and are expected to fall even more.
It is good news for the elder Mr Ng, who professes to wanting to retire, passing the torch to his son Desmond.
But even as he is closing down his four-decade old business, the shoe designer is still looking for inspiration from French fashion magazines.
Perhaps, at 88 years, he will re-invent himself again.


My fear for Manchester United in the Europa League final is they are weighed down by the pressure of having to win it to get into next season's Champions League.

Phil Neville is co-commentating on the Europa League final for BBC Radio 5 live on Wednesday, 24 May. Build-up to Ajax v Manchester United starts at 18:30 BST, with kick-off at 19:45.
If United were heading to Stockholm having already qualified by finishing in the Premier League top four on top of having the EFL Cup in the bag, then I think their players would be a lot more relaxed.
Instead, all of United's eggs are now in one basket.
The outcome of Wednesday's game feels like a matter of life and death for them, which is a dangerous situation to be in against a really good young Ajax team.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Ajax are very impressive technically and they have lots of energy too.
Their front five - with Bertrand Traore and Amin Younes either side of Kasper Dolberg in attack, and Davy Klaassen and Hakim Ziyech in the centre of midfield - give them goals and creativity, and a good mixture of pace and skill.
Traore is very quick down the right but a little bit erratic, while Younes on the left is a good dribbler - he is not rapid but he is pretty sharp.
Media playback is not supported on this device
What Peter Bosz's team do well is play a high-tempo game - they like to press and win the ball back early.
To counter that, United have to be really brave and mirror the approach they had when they beat Chelsea at Old Trafford in April.
They tore out of the blocks in that game and went toe to toe with Antonio Conte's side. They were positive and they put the champions under pressure, and never allowed them to settle.
United played on the front foot that day and used the speed of Jesse Lingard and Marcus Rashford to pester Chelsea. The energy in midfield of Ander Herrera, Marouane Fellaini and Paul Pogba overpowered them.
If they do the same again on Wednesday, I don't think Ajax will be able to live with them.
Klaassen and Ziyech, in particular, are capable of dictating play if you let them, but if United get in their faces early on then they will not be able to find their rhythm.
And Ajax's defence is definitely their weakness. They press on transition - whenever they lose the ball - but if you get past that initial press then there are some big spaces behind it, and their back line looks vulnerable.
Kenny Tete at right-back is not quick, and centre-back Matthijs de Ligt is only 17 and erratic. The Europa League final is going to be a huge occasion for him.
What United definitely shouldn't do is sit back like they did at Old Trafford in the second legs of their quarter-final and semi-final.
When they did that against Anderlecht and Celta Vigo, they got nervous. United were not playing well and it became a struggle as their opponents grew in confidence.
United cannot allow that to happen again. They should see this as a game where they have to go out and start fast.
If they put Ajax under pressure early on, and do some damage, they can seize control of the game.
Ajax's inexperience is definitely something United should try to exploit - none of their players have featured in a game as big as this before.
But the Dutch team also do not have to deal with the same expectation of winning that United do, and they are already into the third qualifying round of next season's Champions League after finishing second in the Eredivisie - so the final is not make or break for them.
On occasions like this, you wonder whether players will freeze or play without fear, and it is the same for United's younger players too.
If there was ever a game in which United needed the know-how of injured striker Zlatan Ibrahimovic, it might be this one - because he would not be scared of what was at stake.
Ibrahimovic has already delivered for United in the Community Shield and EFL Cup final. It is big games like this in which you need your big players, and there are none bigger at United than him.
I think United will miss Zlatan, but what they do have in their favour is a manager who has been there and done it all before.
Jose Mourinho has great experience, not just of the big occasions but of winning them. He is a serial winner and knows how to set up a team to win a final, and that is where I think United have the greatest advantage.
Mourinho will have a massive influence on the day but he has already got all of the energy back into his team before the final.
I don't think he can complain about them being tired because he has given his players the rest they needed in the three Premier League games they have played since they reached the final.
United will be mentally fresh for this game, for the first time in about five or six weeks.
It is a one-off game and finals are so unpredictable - but, under Mourinho, they will be ready.
The difference between United's form going into this final and the 1999 Champions League success that I was part of comes down to momentum.
Back then, we had just won the Premier League and then the FA Cup.
But there are still similarities this time - things that were drummed into you at Old Trafford when I was there, and still are under Mourinho.
It is still the case that you cannot enjoy a final unless you win it. Getting there is not enough, even if by doing so you have already created history, as United have done by reaching a Europa League final for the first time.
Media playback is not supported on this device
And United still measure themselves on trophies won, not the fact they have finished outside the Champions League positions in the Premier League.
Mourinho's whole philosophy is about winning, so you have got to admire the fact that, if they beat Ajax, they have two major trophies to show for their season.
For me, that means they have been more successful than three of the clubs who finished above them in the table - Tottenham, Manchester City and Liverpool, who finished second, third and fourth.
I would rather finish sixth and win two major trophies than finish second with none - that was the mentality I was brought up with at Old Trafford and I am pleased it is the same there now.
Winning trophies gives you a taste of something you want more of, which is why success in Stockholm is important for this United team in the future, as well as the here and now.
If you finish second, third or fourth and you don't get your hands on a trophy or a medal, you don't get to step on to that winning podium. There are no prizes in fact.
There are several United players who have never won a trophy with the club, and I know what a boost getting some silverware gives you and how you get a thirst for more.
Beating Ajax would make a big difference for next season, not just by getting them into the Champions League but to give them an advantage over the teams who have finished above them but have not got anything to show for it.
Phil Neville was speaking to BBC Sport's Chris Bevan.


One of the victims of the Tunisia beach attacks, Joel Richards, has been described as a leader of young people.

29 June 2015 Last updated at 11:41 BST
Mr Richards, 19, from Wednesbury, was among 38 killed when a Tunisian student linked to Islamic State extremists opened fire on a beach in Sousse on Friday.
He was a Walsall FC fan, football referee and student at the University of Worcester.
Chief executive of the Birmingham County Football Association, Chad Ehlertsen, said "it just makes you smile every time you think about Joel."
"He was just a leader of young people; a good organiser, a good communicator and an extremely talented young referee," Mr Ehlertsen said.


Glamorgan are 0-1 chasing 212 to beat Derbyshire after an extraordinary half-day's cricket in Cardiff.

Luis Reece made an assured 55 but the rest of the visiting batsmen adopted a frantic approach and paid the price.
Marchant de Lange (3-53) claimed three quick wickets, while Graham Wagg (2-14) and Andrew Salter (3-60) combined to dismiss Derbyshire for 160.
Glamorgan, left six overs to bat, aimed to survive but lost Jacques Rudolph lbw to the last ball from Jeevan Mendis.
Salter extracted plenty of turn in the night session, giving hope to Derbyshire's spinners, before a late assault from Mendis (27) was halted by Timm van der Gugten.
It was an unlikely few hours of action under the lights, which included the use of a nightwatchman for the third night running, setting up a fascinating finish to the first pink-ball game in Wales.
Glamorgan all-rounder Andrew Salter told BBC Wales Sport:
"They always say day three is moving day and it definitely has moved on, fingers crossed the batters apply themselves and take us to a win - it's very much in the balance.
"It was nice to have some assistance (bowling), if you bowl a good area there's rough there and that kept me in the game, but if you bowl poorly there's an opportunity to score.
"(The pink ball) has felt quite good in the hand, it feels a bit more like a white ball compared to the red ball, and at times it's felt quite soft later in the day so we've got to take these things into consideration in how we go about knocking them off."
Derbyshire batsman Luis Reece told BBC Radio Derby:
"With the wicket the way it is, being positive was a big thing we spoke about and at times it may have come across a bit frantic, but especially with this pink ball you always feel there's a ball with your name on it, you don't feel set especially with the wicket deteriorating.
"To get their senior player (Rudolph) is a massive boost for us and they know we're going to be all over them."


McColgan's Quality Foods Ltd is to create 43 jobs in County Tyrone following an investment of £7.3m.

The Strabane company makes savoury and sweet pastries. The money from the Department of Trade, Enterprise and Industry, will be used for equipment.
Manging director Grainne Hampton said it would help with long-term growth.
"Our position as one of the leading savoury and sweet pastry manufacturers in the UK and Ireland will be strengthened by this," she said.
"The installation of cutting edge technology and production processes such as fully automated cook, cool and chill production lines will increase our capabilities as well as our capacity."


A new 1,000-space lorry park to help reduce congestion from queuing lorries on the M20 and in Dover has local support, an MP says.

Charlie Elphicke, Conservative MP for Dover and Deal, said Shepway District Council supported the plans for a smaller lorry park at Westenhanger.
The council's leader had previously branded a proposed 3,300-space lorry park as "bonkers".
Lorries are allowed to park on the M20 when there are delays at Channel ports.
The proposed lorry park is aimed at relieving pressure caused by Operation Stack, when trucks are allowed to queue due to delays at Channel Tunnel and ferry ports.
Mr Elphicke said: "We've had major problems in Dover in recent months because of the level of gridlock, which is a weekly occurrence.
"We need a long term solution. There is a site near Folkestone which could be the site with up to 1,000 lorry parking spaces.
"[Shepway] District Council is supportive and I'm making the case it should be advance check-in, before lorries go down to the Eastern Docks.
"There would be 1,000 spaces in the Eastern Docks and 1,000 spaces near Folkestone which would be enough capacity not to cause gridlock in Dover."
A spokeswoman said Shepway council was "driving plans" for a lorry park with about 1,000 spaces.
She said the authority was looking at land near Westenhanger and was talking to local land owners.
Councillor Paul Carter, Conservative leader of Kent County Council, said problems arising from Operation Stack were "intolerable" to the people of Kent.
He said: "We need national government to fund what is needed to get the private sector to operate those lorry parks.
"Recently, the government introduced charging for foreign lorries using our roads, and I believe a substantial amount of the money should be used to fund these lorry parks."


Will Tavare and Chris Dent hit half-centuries but late wickets helped Durham peg Gloucestershire back.

Tavare and Dent shared an 83-run second-wicket stand before the latter was caught behind off Paul Collingwood.
Captain Collingwood completed a double-wicket maiden as Graeme van Buuren fell for a duck as the hosts fell to 97-3.
Chris Rushworth had Tavare caught behind for 61 before Keaton Jennings took two wickets in two balls to leave the hosts 265-7 at Bristol.
Wicketkeeper Phil Mustard made a useful 38 in his first innings against his former club, and shared a 64-run sixth-wicket partnership with Jack Taylor as Gloucestershire looked to push on following Tavare's dismissal.
But Jennings had Mustard and Craig Miles caught at first slip by Collingwood to leave honours even as bad light brought play to an early close on day one.


The fundraising tactics used by some charities have been compared to "a boiler house operation" by a senior MP.

Bernard Jenkin said reports vulnerable people had been pressured for donations and had their details sold between charities were a "scandal".
He spoke as the heads of four major UK charities appeared before MPs.
Mark Goldring, from Oxfam, said there had been "too little supervision" of agency fundraisers, but the majority of collectors operated within the rules.
The heads of Oxfam, the NSPCC, Save the Children and the RSPCA were summoned to appear before the Commons Public Administration Committee following a series of reports of bad practice.
The methods used by fundraisers came under scrutiny earlier this year following the death of 92-year-old poppy collector Olive Cooke, who had reportedly been overwhelmed by requests from charities.
The Daily Mail has also reported that vulnerable people have been repeatedly contacted for donations despite being on an official "opt-out" database, and that one pensioner, Samuel Rae, lost Â£35,000 after his information was sold by charities and ended up with scammers.
Conservative committee chairman Mr Jenkin told the charity chiefs it appeared "the temptation to raise money made you slipshod in your governance procedures or wilfully blind to what was going on".
Charities' activities included "using commercial companies whose activities have been so shameful that charities have immediately suspended operations, severed contracts, ceased relationships, because of what has been uncovered", he said.
He also accused charities of "instructing all fundraisers that when someone says they're too poor to give at the moment, that's just another excuse".
Staff were "instructing callers to ask for money at least three times in a call in a very aggressive way".
He added: "It seems more like a boiler house operation than something which reflects the values of the charities you serve."
Peter Wanless, from the NSPCC, said such practices were "utterly unacceptable", and he was "pleased that the gross excesses have been exposed and action has been taken to do something about them".
Justin Forsyth, from Save the Children, said: "The standards we had may have been strong, but they weren't enforced in practice."
RSPCA vice-chairman David Canavan told the committee that only one fundraising call in 1,000 and one mailshot in 100,000 resulted in a complaint.
The Information Commissioner is investigating the claims concerning Mr Rae, while the government has said it is changing legislation to help protect vulnerable people from aggressive fundraising.
The incoming chairman of the Fundraising Standards Board, Andrew Hind, told MPs that self-regulation was not working, and instead the sector should have an independent fundraising standards committee - with a majority of lay members - able to enforce a mandatory code of practice.


Six potential sites for a new Grimsby Town football stadium and leisure complex have been named by the council.

The club currently plays at Blundell Park and has previously said its preferred site was Peaks Parkway.
North East Lincolnshire councillors are to assess the suitability of the sites in more detail.
The locations are: Europarc business park, Peaks Parkway, land next to Morrison's supermarket in Laceby, Great Coates, Dockside and Freeman Street.
The decision follows an independent survey which scored and ranked 16 venues, then shortlisted the final six.
Ray Oxby, leader of North East Lincolnshire Council, said the search for a new stadium had "dragged on for far too long".
Mr Oxby said: "We must follow a strict and proper process to make sure we get the right result for the whole area.
"Failure to follow this process could result in more delays and ultimately more expense."
The findings are to be presented to senior councillors in 2016.


A United Airlines flight from Belfast to Newark has been diverted to Manchester Airport.

It is understood the pilot reported problems with the hydraulics system.
The issue was reported within minutes of the plane taking off from Belfast International Airport.
The plane has now landed safely.


A 34-year-old man has appeared in court charged with murdering another man in County Tyrone.

Darius Sikorskas, of no fixed abode in Armagh, is accused of murdering Gediminas Stauskas, 32, who was originally from Lithuania.
His body was found in a garage near Coalisland on 15 October.
Mr Sikorskas was also charged in connection with two shootings in September in Newry, County Down.
He faces charges including attempted murder, kidnap and having a handgun. He is also accused of supplying cocaine and amphetamines.
In court in Enniskillen on Monday, he confirmed that he understood the charges, but refused to comment.
He was remanded in custody to appear by video link at Dungannon Magistrates Court on 18 November.


Crime writer Ruth Rendell is in a critical but stable condition after suffering a stroke.

The 84-year-old, who also has a seat in the House Of Lords as a Labour peer, is best known for her series of novels featuring Chief Inspector Wexford.
The best-selling author had a "serious stroke" last week and is being looked after in hospital by her son.
Her publisher said: "Our thoughts are with Ruth and her family at this difficult time."
In a statement, Hutchinson - Penguin Random House said Baroness Rendell of Babergh had suffered a stroke on 7 January.
"Her son, Simon Rendell, is with her and thanks everyone for their concern.
"The family request privacy while the doctors assess the best course of treatment," the statement added.
With more than 60 titles to her name, Rendell's last book was The Girl Next Door, which came out last year. It was published along with a 50th anniversary edition of her debut novel From Doon With Death, which saw Inspector Wexford make his debut.
Wexford has appeared in more than 20 novels - the last of which came out in 2013 - and were turned into The Ruth Rendell Mysteries for ITV, with the late George Baker playing the lead role for more than 10 years.
The writer described her character as a "big ugly man", named after the Irish county where she had recently holidayed.
The taciturn inspector worked in Sussex and was prone to "feelingsâ€¦ about some small thing when a case was about to break, and the small thing always turned out to be vital and his hunch seldom wrong".
She had recently finished work on a new novel, which is set to be published as planned in the autumn.
Rendell also wrote psychological crime thrillers under the pen name Barbara Vine.
In 1996 she was awarded a CBE and in 1997 she was made a life peer.


Cardiff Airport will remain under Welsh government control, the first minister has said, despite calls to sell it.

Carwyn Jones told AMs on Tuesday that "in time" stakes in the airport would be offered for sale.
But he insisted during First Minister's Questions that ministers would not "give away" a controlling interest.
He claimed that would take the airport back to the situation in 2013 when the Welsh government stepped in to buy it to secure its future.
Earlier in November, the airport's outgoing chairman, Lord Rowe-Beddoe, said it should be privatised within the next five years.
Tory AM Nick Ramsay asked on Tuesday if Mr Jones would set out a timetable for the sale of the airport following  Lord Rowe-Beddoe's comments.
In reply, the first minister said: "In time we will look to sell shares in the airport to private investors.
"What we will not do is give away a controlling interest because that will take us right back to where we were before."
Speaking of the Welsh government's purchase of the airport for £52m in 2013, Mr Jones said Mr Ramsay "cannot pretend the airport was doing well up to 2013".
"We tried to work with the owners (to improve its performance).
"In the end they said 'we're not interested any more, you can buy it from us'.
"In time we will look to recoup that money - what we will not do is put an artificial timetable on the sale of an airport that is now 10 percent up in terms of passenger figures compared to last year.
"That's what government can do for airports - if the Tories had had their way, the airport would now probably be looking at being turned into a housing estate."


Indian wildlife authorities have rescued a three-day-old baby rhinoceros wandering around the Kaziranga national park in the north-eastern state of Assam.

The 430 sq km (166 sq miles) park is home to the largest concentration of the world's remaining one-horned rhinoceros.
Pictures showed park staff members examining and then transporting the calf through the park.
It is not known where the calf's mother is, but poaching is a common problem in Kazaringa.
Local media estimate that 12 rhinoceros were killed by poachers since January this year.


A Leicestershire retail park is to get an injection of investment after being purchased by the Crown Estate.

Fosse Park, near junction 21 of the M1, opened in 1989 and was bought in August for Â£345.5m.
Plans are now being prepared to improve parking and traffic congestion and the appearance of units.
Ernie White, leader of Blaby District Council, said the new owners had met with the council to clear up "potential planning questions".
"Fosse Park is the gateway from Blaby into the city and they see it as an investment that they think they can improve," said Mr White.
"I think it could be a better view when you come into the city, at the moment all you see are far too many backs of sheds."
Paul Clarke, director of investments at Crown Estates, said: "Two things we want to address are parking and congestion issues around the park and we believe it has become rather tired over the last few years.
"We are very concerned to address the quality of what we call the common areas - where people have to walk and park - and the facilities available to make sure a location like Fosse Park is as good as it can be."


A new national autism service is to be set up to improve support for children and adults in Wales, the health minister has announced.

It comes after National Autistic Society Cymru criticised "patchy" provision for the 34,000 people with autism and Asperger syndrome in Wales.
It said nearly two-thirds of people wait too long for diagnosis and it wants targets to back up the strategy.
The Welsh government said the new service would be more joined up.
64% had issues in obtaining a referral
30% waited less than six months for a first appointment
23% waited six months to a year
44% rated the assessment process as poor or very poor
73% were not given written information about autism
On Tuesday, the National Autistic Society argued Wales needed its own Autism Act, similar to those in England and Northern Ireland, and called for all Welsh political parties to commit to one before May's assembly elections.
Welsh Conservative leader, Andrew RT Davies, has backed that call.
He said: "Wales is crying out for an Autism Bill to ensure people with autism have additional support and to improve understanding of the condition, and prioritise timely diagnosis through statutory means".
An independent analysis of the current Welsh strategy, published last month, said despite improvements, and Wales leading the way in the UK in forming policies, there were weaknesses and it lacked impact.
This included a lack of priorities which created "islands of good practice" rather than systemic change.
The new service, which is backed by Â£6m from the Welsh government, will be rolled out over the next three years.
It will be a key part of an action plan, which is a refreshed version of one launched eight years ago, and aims to bring together the agencies and health workers involved in supporting people with autism to provide an improved, joined-up service.
The new service will:
Health Minister Mark Drakeford said it would ensure people with autism received "the right support, by the right professional, in the right place, at the right time".
He added: "It will ensure there is consistency across the country, ensuring people with autism are able to access comparable services across Wales."
The "refreshed" action plan will focus on areas such as raising awareness, improving assessment and addressing support issues, including in education and careers support.


Great Britain have won a bronze medal in Division 2A of the Women's Ice Hockey World Championships in Bled, Slovenia.

However, they missed out on promotion after South Korea beat the hosts in the tournament's final game to hand Poland top spot on goals scored.
Cheryl Smith's side won four of their five matches but a 1-0 defeat to South Korea ultimately proved costly.
Smith, said: "We are all very proud of the squad this week.
"We are building something here and the future is very bright."


A Fifa appeal committee has lifted a one-year ban imposed on Qatar's Saoud al-Mohannadi in November last year.

Qatar Football Association vice-president Mohannadi was banned by Fifa's ethics watchdog for his failure to cooperate with an inquiry into an unnamed third party.
But in a hearing last week, the committee upheld his appeal and lifted the sanctions imposed on him.
It also revoked a 20,000 Swiss franc fine levied against him.
In a statement issued on Thursday, Fifa's appeal committee said the "evidence available was not sufficient to establish to the appropriate standard" that Mohannadi had violated football's world governing body's code of ethics.
Mohannadi was also barred from standing as an Asian Football Confederation delegate to the Fifa Council at an AFC Congress.
It is unclear whether his appeal victory has come too late to get him back on the ballot for next month's election in Bahrain of four AFC members to the Fifa Council.


Actor George Cole, best known for playing Arthur Daley in TV's Minder, has died aged 90.

He played the Cockney wheeler dealer for 16 years, and some of his "Daley-isms" became a part of the British vernacular - with many a shady character dubbed "a right Arfur Daley".
We remember some of his most memorable lines:
Daley was known for saying this to his minder, Terry McCann, played by Dennis Waterman.
The Telegraph recounts that the remark was coined by Cole himself: "My son heard someone say it in a pub and he told me - I took out my wallet and gave him Â£25 and bought the line off him. I sat on it for about two years and suddenly we had a boxing episode. I went round to see Terry after the fight and he was covered in blood and moaning. And I said, ad-libbing, #Don't you worry my son, from now on the world is your lobster.'"
Cole went on to call his autobiography, The World Was My Lobster
Arthur Daley maintained that his wife - who we never saw on screen - was the bane of his life.
He dolefully referring to his spouse as "'er indoors," a phrase that proved so popular it entered the Oxford Dictionary of Modern Slang, where it is defined as "one's wife or girlfriend, a domineering woman."
In 1983, Waterman and Cole collaborated on the Christmas single What Are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors? which spent five weeks in the UK charts.
Arthur Daley was the king of Malapropisms, often confusing his words but with his Cockney bluster he often got away with it.
Arthur's favourite tipple, drunk at his old haunt, The Winchester Club.
Arguably Daley's most memorable line, Arthur spent his life chasing "nice little earners", sending up the "get rich quick" culture of Thatcher's 1980s.
Cole joked that Minder was a "nice little earner for him." It also brought him an OBE.


Manchester United's Luke Shaw says he feared he would never play again after suffering a horrific leg break.

The defender, 21, returned to action at the weekend after his injury in a Champions League game last September.
"When I had my first game on Saturday, I felt so emotional," said Shaw. "It's the best feeling ever.
"There was a fear of how long it was going to take or whether I would play again. Now I am looking forward to pre-season and getting fully fit."
Shaw, who broke his leg against Dutch side PSV Eindhoven, played the first 45 minutes of Saturday's 2-0 victory over Wigan.
An England international, he became Britain's most expensive teenage footballer when, at the age of 19, he joined United from Premier League rivals Southampton for around £30m in June 2014.
He was a regular in United's team last season and played in both of England's Euro 2016 qualifiers shortly before he was injured.


A man who killed his partner's toddler by punching and kicking him has been sentenced to life in prison.

Joseph Eke, 22, was found guilty of murdering two-year-old Harry House at the family home in Broadmayne, Dorset, last May, while Harry's mother was out.
He was also convicted of grievous bodily harm but was cleared of a charge of unlawful wounding following a trial in May.
Eke has been ordered to spend a minimum of 18 years in prison.
He was found guilty by a jury at Winchester Crown Court after Harry died as a result of a blunt-force impact to the abdomen that split his pancreas in two in May last year.
A post-mortem examination showed he had a "potentially fatal" fractured skull.
Jurors also heard Eke was a heroin addict and had attacked the mother for refusing to give him drugs money after Harry's death.
The court was told Eke had helped with Harry's childcare and the boy called him "Daddy Joe Joe".
In sentencing him, Ms Justice May, said, "No-one will ever know the extent of your mistreatment of Harry over the last few days and weeks of his life.
"You wilfully, fatally failed Harry when you assaulted him, taking his life."
She added: "Any untimely death is a tragedy, it is particularly wretched when a child dies."
Det Ch Insp Sarah Derbyshire, of Dorset Police's Major Crime Investigation Team, said it had been "an extremely difficult and challenging investigation".
A statement issued on behalf of Harry's family said: "This past year has been the most horrific time for our family but we have at least now got justice for our darling Harry, although it is bittersweet that we have lost him forever.
"We are grateful that no other child and their family will have to go through what we have because of the actions of Eke and are at least thankful he is where he should be and for a very long time.
"As a family we now have to try and move on from this heartbreaking tragedy and, although justice has now been done, things will never be the same again."


Europe has initiated the process that should lead to the biggest X-ray space telescope ever built.

Dubbed Athena, the satellite will be some 12m in length and weigh about five tonnes when launched in 2028.
The European Space Agency's (Esa) Science Programme Committee selected the project at a meeting in Toulouse.
Design work now will confirm the technologies and industrial capability needed to construct the mission, which is costed at over one billion euros.
"It's a tremendously exciting moment for the team; it's not every day you have a billion-euro decision go in your favour," said Prof Paul Nandra, the chairman of the Athena Coordination Group.
"We've just got to build it and get it up there, and as long as we do our job right, there's nothing that should stop that," he told BBC News.
The SPC will meet again, probably in 2019, to give a full and final approval to the telescope project.
This should be a rubber stamping exercise - provided costs can be contained and no technical showstoppers are identified.
In truth, there should be no surprises. The Athena concept has been under study for a number of years already by leading scientists and industrial partners.
Athena is regarded as a next-generation observatory - an X-ray equivalent to the giant machines such as the Square Kilometre Array and the European Extremely Large Telescope that will view the cosmos at longer wavelengths.
Athena will have a survey capability and sensitivity a hundred times better than today's best X-ray space telescopes - America's Chandra mission, and Esa's XMM-Newton telescope.
Athena will use its advanced optics and detectors to look deep into the Universe and far back in time.
The key objectives are twofold - to understand how gas was assembled into the galaxies and galactic clusters we see around us today, and to study the origin and evolution of the monstrous black holes that reside at the centres of galaxies.
An Athena-like telescope is needed to do this because the processes being investigated are extremely hot, and radiate at high energies - in the X-ray portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
The telescope will carry some novel mirrors for the purpose, incorporating "silicon pore optics".  These use stacks of silicon material to corral the X-ray photons towards the telescope's two big instruments.
"The Wide Field Imager does what it says - it maps X-rays over a wide field, and that's what you need to discover black holes in the distant cosmos, to count them, and to see how they formed in the early Universe when the first stars and galaxies were also forming," explained Prof Nandra, who is affiliated to the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Garching, Germany.
"The X-ray Integral Field Unit will do spectroscopy, measuring very accurately the energy of the X-ray photons. The XIFU enables you to do lots of very interesting astrophysics, mostly regarding hot gas structures in the Universe."
One interesting question for the forthcoming design study concerns Athena's launcher.
Ordinarily, the choice would be a heavy-lifting Ariane 5, but there is no certainty that this rocket will still be in production by 2028.
Europe would hope by then to have a new vehicle, Ariane 6. However, its specifications are currently under review and the ability to loft a telescope the size of Athena has yet to be confirmed.
Athena is what Esa terms a "Large Class" mission - its biggest and most expensive space science ventures.
It likes to launch one of these every few years.
Gaia, a star mapper, has just gone into orbit. This will be followed in 2016 by BepiColombo, a joint project with Japan to go study the planet Mercury.
Juice, a mission to Jupiter and its moons, is taking the 2022 launch opportunity.
And with Athena targeted for 2028, it is likely the 2034 slot will go to a trio of satellites known as Lisa, which will aim to detect gravitational waves in space.
Jonathan.Amos-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk and follow me on Twitter: @BBCAmos


Play was held up for around 10 minutes after fans hurled objects following Zlatan Ibrahimovic's controversial goal that earned Paris St-Germain a 1-0 League Cup victory at St Etienne.

A plastic water bottle was also thrown, while St Etienne coach Christophe Galtier urged supporters to calm down.
The controversy occurred in the 72nd minute when striker Ibrahimovic chested the ball over the line.
St Etienne argued the ball had not crossed the line but the goal stood.
It was enough to send Paris St-Germain into the semi-finals of the League Cup.
PSG had gone into the game on the back of a 4-2 league defeat by Bastia last Saturday.
They have slipped to fourth in Ligue 1 after failing to win their last three league games.


South Yorkshire Police has appointed its second interim chief in the wake of the Hillsborough inquests.

North Yorkshire Chief Constable Dave Jones steps in following David Crompton's suspension after the jury concluded the 96 victims were unlawfully killed.
Mr Crompton's initial replacement, deputy Dawn Copley, stood down after her appointment was criticised.
Mrs Copley had been investigated over her conduct with another force.
As agreed with North Yorkshire's Police and Crime Commissioner Julia Mulligan, Mr Jones will remain in post until a permanent appointment is made, Ms Mulligan's South Yorkshire counterpart Dr Alan Billings said.
"I am confident that he will be able to move the force forward to a position where trust and confidence in the force can begin to be restored," said Dr Billings.
David Crompton, who was due to retire in November after four years in the post, was suspended after what Dr Billings described as "an erosion of trust and confidence in South Yorkshire Police".
Mr Crompton and the force have faced continuing criticism not only in relations to Hillsborough but also over its handling of investigations into child sexual exploitation.
Mr Jones began his career in Greater Manchester and was Assistant Chief Constable for Police Service Northern Ireland until moving to North Yorkshire in 2013.
He said he realised he was taking the post at a very difficult period and said he wanted to make a difference.
"First and foremost, I will engage with those communities both inside and outside of South Yorkshire who have been let down by the police service," Mr Jones said.
"I want to understand how their confidence in policing has been affected, and work with them to build it back up and restore pride back into the police service."
He added he would be seeking support for a full review of South Yorkshire Police.
The Deputy Chief Constable of North Yorkshire Tim Madgwick, has been named as the temporary chief of that force.


Jockey Barry Geraghty will miss the Galway Festival and is out for at least two months after breaking his right arm in a fall at Market Rasen.

He was injured in a tumble from Cernunnos, for his boss JP McManus, at the final fence in the Summer Plate Handicap Chase won by Long House Hall.
Geraghty, 36, will see a specialist to determine whether he needs surgery.
"He'll be out for two to three months with that," said Irish Turf Club senior medical officer Dr Adrian McGoldrick.
The first big meeting in Ireland that Geraghty will miss will be the seven-day Galway meeting, which starts on 25 July.


New Wolves left-back Barry Douglas says playing in Poland and Turkey has transformed his footballing outlook.

The 27-year-old returned to the UK this summer, four years after leaving Dundee United for Lech Poznan followed by a spell at Konyaspor.
"There's so many different aspects of the game you see, different points of view from different countries," Douglas told BBC WM.
"Being back here is a new adventure again, a new manager, new ideas."
In 2010, before joining Dundee United, Douglas was playing to just hundreds of fans at Queen's Park; five years later he was lifting the Ekstraklasa title with Lech Poznan in Poland in front of crowds more than 40,000.
"I went over and saw the place and it looked exciting," Douglas said.
"I did well and then the opportunity came to go to Turkey. At that point, I was probably a lot more open-minded to go anywhere, so I embraced it.
"It was more than just football, it was a chance to see parts of the world you would never see.
"It's definitely opened my eyes - it's a big world out there, it's not just limited to Britain."
Douglas, who made his Wolves debut in Saturday's 1-0 win over Middlesbrough. is now hoping to bring his experience to the Molineux dressing room - and still hopes one day to receive a first Scotland call-up.
"It's an exciting time to be at Wolves," he said.
"They've clearly shown that they have big ambitions, which as a player is great because it gives us a lot of big targets to hit.
"It's everybody's ambition to play for their country. If it happens, it happens. I just need to focus on doing well for myself and for my club."


Donald Trump has defended his relations with women, calling them "tremendous", but stopped short of apologising for attacking a Fox News journalist.

Mr Trump was criticised for seeming to suggest that Megyn Kelly was tough on him in a televised debate because she was menstruating.
Mr Trump told ABC on Sunday that only a "sick person" would interpret his remarks that way.
The tycoon is running for the 2016 Republican presidential nomination.
Mr Trump, who spoke to a number of news outlets on Sunday, he said he had an "amazing" relationship with women in business.
"They are phenomenal. And I have many executives that are women," he told ABC's This Week.
"They are doing a phenomenal job. I pay them a tremendous amount of money.
"They make money for me. They make money for themselves. And in many cases, they truly are really talented and they can be killers."
Mr Trump was one of 10 Republican hopefuls taking part in a debate on Fox News, co-hosted by Ms Kelly.
She asked Mr Trump why voters should elect a man who has called women "fat pigs, dogs, slobs and disgusting animals", a question Mr Trump later said was "nasty".
On Friday, Mr Trump told CNN: "You could see there was blood coming out of her [Ms Kelly's] eyes, blood coming out of her wherever."
Many of his challengers called on him to apologise, and a major US conservative forum dropped him as a speaker in the wake of the remarks.
In the ABC interview, Mr Trump repeated his assertions that he had been misunderstood, saying he had "nothing against" Ms Kelly, while declining to apologise.
He also attacked rival Jeb Bush, who himself is under fire after having to backtrack on comments that the US government was spending too much on women's health.
"What he said about women and women's health issues was ridiculous, and I'm the exact opposite," said Mr Trump.
The billionaire businessman is ahead of the 16 other Republican candidates in several recent polls despite a string of controversial remarks since launching his campaign.


Footage that appears to show a woman being assaulted in a Beijing hotel has sparked a massive debate in China.

CCTV footage shows a woman being grabbed and dragged across a hotel corridor, in full view of bystanders.
Although the incident is still being investigated, it has prompted millions of posts on social media, which have been viewed over two billion times.
China has seen several incidents in recent years where bystanders have refused to help those in need.
Beijing police say they are investigating the incident, and the hotel's parent company has apologised.
The video was uploaded on Sina Weibo, China's version of Twitter, earlier this week, by a woman identified by her online username, "Wanwan".
"Wanwan" said the man had approached her in the hotel corridor of Yitel Hotel and asked her which room she was in.
"I said 'What do you want? I don't know you' and then he started to drag me away. He clutched my neck and face so I couldn't breathe.
"When I tried to run downstairs, he grabbed me by the hair and dragged me towards the stairway."
A staff member had seen them but assumed it was a couple's quarrel and did not intervene, she said.
In the footage, the staff member and other hotel guests can be seen watching the scuffle, but most did not get involved.
Eventually, a bystander appears to help her leave the scene.
Homeinns, the parent company of Yitel Hotel, has issued an apology to "Wanwan" and the public.
The incident showed "insufficient security management and customer service", Homeinns said in a statement.
The video has become one of the most-discussed topics on Chinese social media, and prompted debate over why many are reluctant to help strangers.
The hashtag "Girl attacked at Yitei" hotel was used more than two million times, and viewed by two billion users.
Some circulated a video campaign called "#WhoWillYouHelp", produced by the Ontario government last year to combat sexual harassment.
Others expressed their anger at the hotel, or shared tips on self-defence for women.
Weibo user Winston urged people to stop turning a blind eye.
"If people stop being indifferent and calling it as a 'domestic incident' when husbands/boyfriends beat, drag or abuse their wives/girlfriends in public, wouldn't there be fewer of these dangerous situations?"
There have been several high-profile cases in recent years where bystanders have refused to help people in need.
In one case in 2011, a two-year-old girl was knocked over in a hit-and-run accident - and 18 people passed the seriously-injured girl before someone came to her rescue. She later died from her injuries.
And in 2015, a 57-year-old-man staggered and collapsed at the corner of a road. Four cars and 23 people passed by, but no one helped him, and he later died in hospital.
Many are reluctant to intervene because there have been several incidents where injured people have subsequently blamed those who came to their aid for causing the injuries - and sued them.
Reporting by Helier Cheung


Jon Parkin inspired York to a breathtaking 5-3 win against rock-bottom Southport which involved the lead changing hands three times.

The Minstermen went ahead in the fourth minute when Aidan Connolly slipped the ball to Sean Newton who skipped past a couple of defenders and fired home from 15 yards via a deflection.
However, the Sandgrounders surged in front with two goals inside a minute. First, Louis Almond left Shaun Rooney for dead near the corner flag and then curled home a brilliant 19th-minute equaliser.
Moments later, the visitors turned the game on its head with an even better goal as Rory McKeown let fly with a 30-yard rocket which found Kyle Letheren's top right-hand corner.
Almond then stretched the visitors' lead in the 41st minute with his second spectacular goal, turning sharply before rifling home a dipping 25-yard shot over Letheren.
However, City were given hope in first-half stoppage time when Parkin's lofted cross was headed in by Vadaine Oliver from a couple of yards out.
York deservedly equalised in the 64th minute when Parkin chested down Amari Morgan-Smith's cross and volleyed home from eight yards.
Parkin later turned provider for Morgan-Smith to score past the advancing Craig King eight minutes later.
Oliver then hit the post before City made the points safe in the 78th minute following a long throw from substitute Sam Muggleton, making his debut, which Parkin simply headed in from eight yards.
Match report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, York City 5, Southport 3.
Second Half ends, York City 5, Southport 3.
Substitution, Southport. Ben McKenna replaces Jim Stevenson.
Goal!  York City 5, Southport 3. Jon Parkin (York City).
Goal!  York City 4, Southport 3. Amari Morgan-Smith (York City).
Substitution, York City. Luke Simpson replaces Kyle Letheren.
Substitution, York City. Sam Muggleton replaces Asa Hall.
Goal!  York City 3, Southport 3. Jon Parkin (York City).
Craig King (Southport) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Ross White (Southport) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Substitution, Southport. Andrai Jones replaces Jean-Charles Coly.
Substitution, York City. Adriano Moke replaces Aidan Connolly.
Second Half begins York City 2, Southport 3.
First Half ends, York City 2, Southport 3.
Goal!  York City 2, Southport 3. Vadaine Oliver (York City).
Goal!  York City 1, Southport 3. Louis Almond (Southport).
Goal!  York City 1, Southport 2. Rory McKeown (Southport).
Goal!  York City 1, Southport 1. Louis Almond (Southport).
Jim Stevenson (Southport) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Goal!  York City 1, Southport 0. Sean Newton (York City).
First Half begins.
Lineups are announced and players are warming up.


Lizzy Yarnold won Great Britain's first gold medal of the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics after dominating the women's skeleton from start to finish.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Yarnold, 25, produced a solid final run to finish 0.97 seconds ahead of Noelle Pikus-Pace of United States.
1924: Men (curling)
1936: Men (ice hockey)
1952: Jeannette Altwegg (figure skating)
1964: Tony Nash & Robin Dixon (two-man bobsleigh)
1976: John Curry (figure skating)
1980: Robin Cousins (figure skating)
1984: Jayne Torvill & Christopher Dean (figure skating)
2002: Women (curling)
2010: Amy Williams (skeleton)
2014: Lizzy Yarnold (skeleton)
* Madge Syers won figure skating gold at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London
Britain claimed the skeleton title for the second successive Winter Olympics after Amy Williams won gold at the 2010 Vancouver Games.
It is Britain's second medal in Sochi and 10th gold in Winter Games history.
Britain's reigning world champion Shelley Rudman, who won silver at the 2006 Olympics, finished 16th.
Yarnold led after every round of the competition and held a 0.44 second advantage after the first two runs on Thursday.
She extended that to 0.78 secs after setting a new track record in Friday's third run before finishing in a total of three minutes, 52.89 seconds, ahead of Pikus-Pace and bronze medallist Elena Nikitina of Russia.
"I'm just so chuffed I'm Olympic champion," Yarnold told BBC Sport.
"My fourth run I was totally relaxed and enjoyed it. It was a bit of a messy one but I'm just so thrilled I got myself here after five years hard work.
"As an athlete you do so much hard work, but it's worth it for days like this."
Media playback is not supported on this device
UK Sport set Team GB the challenge of securing three medals in Sochi, whilst predicting they could claim up to seven.
After Jenny Jones won snowboard slopestyle bronze on Sunday, Great Britain is now edging closer to their minimum target.
Yarnold's success means British Skeleton maintained its proud tradition of securing a medal in each of the six Olympic Games the sport has featured in, dating back to 1928.
She grew up in Kent and competed in heptathlon events as a child, having been inspired to take up the sport by watching Denise Lewis win Olympic gold at the Sydney 2000 Games.
"Lizzy Yarnold is unique. She has something different within her psychologically. Within five years of starting she has become an Olympic champion, and that is pretty much unheard of in any sport.
"She experienced intensive teaching in the first year, doing hundreds of run with great equipment and coaching. You have to be taught how to slide, then you are developed from there as quickly as possible into a champion."
Yarnold took up skeleton in 2008 after being recruited through UK Sport-backed talented identification programme 'Girls4Gold'.
Last month she won the overall Skeleton World Cup title after setting a British record of seven podium finishes in a season.
Her medal will be presented at a ceremony at the Olympic Park at 16:30 GMT on Saturday.
Pikus-Pace, 31, who was fourth at the Vancouver Games and now plans to retire from the sport, revealed that she suffered a black-out on the course last Wednesday.
The mother-of-two lost consciousness and had to go for an MRI scan last Friday, missing several training sessions in the process.
"I couldn't hear or see when I got to the bottom and it was a bit scary," she said. "But I don't want to take anything away from Lizzy's win. I was fine today and she was brilliant."
Media playback is not supported on this device


Chelsea swept aside a below-strength Manchester City team containing five teenage full debutants to reach the FA Cup quarter-finals.

Media playback is not supported on this device
City manager Manuel Pellegrini warned he would select a shadow side after the game was scheduled for late on Sunday, before Wednesday's Champions League match against Dynamo Kiev in Ukraine.
And he was true to his word as most of City's big players were missing and defender Tosin Adarabioyo and young midfielders Manu Garcia and Aleix Garcia were selected, along with Bersant Celina and David Faupala.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Faupala actually gave City hope when he scrambled in an equaliser, after Diego Costa headed Chelsea in front 10 minutes before half-time.
The leveller was met with several coins being thrown on to the pitch from the Chelsea supporters' end.
The hosts, however, over-ran City after the break with Willian scoring from close range and Gary Cahill putting the result beyond doubt with a powerful finish from Fernando's poor clearance.
The excellent Eden Hazard curled in a free-kick and Bertrand Traore's header looped over dreadful City keeper Willy Caballero to complete an emphatic win for Chelsea, who were even allowed the luxury of seeing Oscar's penalty saved.
Chelsea will travel to Everton in the quarter-finals.
There are two distinct sides to this argument - those who believe in the power of the FA Cup to such an extent that anything less than a full-strength side is abhorrent, and those who believe City have higher priorities.
Pellegrini, in his defence, has always played strong sides in domestic cup competitions and his anger (and consequently his selection) here came from this game being scheduled for 16:00 GMT on a Sunday before Wednesday's Champions League trip to the Ukraine.
A side with so many full debutants was on a hiding to nothing and so it proved as Chelsea's strength and superior class wore them down.
The eventual result will inevitably draw criticism for Pellegrini but he will insist he does respect the FA Cup, has a track record that proves it, and that his hand was forced by City's arduous schedule, which also includes the Capital One Cup final against Liverpool at Wembley next Sunday.
Eden Hazard's form has come under intense scrutiny this season, with many Chelsea fans blaming his lack of impact for the sacking of manager Jose Mourinho.
He was also criticised for his display in the Champions League loss to Paris St-Germain, a club who - along with Real Madrid, have been strongly linked with the Belgian.
Here, he was back to something like his mercurial best, crossing for Costa's opener, playing in Willian for the second before getting his first home goal this season with a swerving free-kick that deceived City keeper Caballero.
Hazard still has some way to go before reaching the standards that inspired Chelsea's title win last season but this was another big step forward and history shows that when he plays well Chelsea are a very potent force.
And the chants at the end suggests he is back in the good books of Chelsea's fans.
The answer is a simple one - just about as well as could be expected in the circumstances.
And to place their efforts in context against a Chelsea side that was simply too strong and too good for them, it should be noted that keeper Caballero (34), Martin Demichelis (35) and Fernando (28) were quite comfortably among City's worst players.
Caballero was uncertain throughout and might have done better with Chelsea's last three goals, although he saved Oscar's penalty. Demichelis was desperate, fouling Bertrand Traore to concede a penalty, while it was Fernando's clearance that fell invitingly for Cahill's third.
Media playback is not supported on this device
It was certainly not the youngsters who let Pellegrini down.
Young striker Faupala, his goal apart, showed great energy and promise. The 19-year-old almost opened the scoring in the opening moments, following up two nutmegs with a shot that brought a smart save from Chelsea keeper Thibaut Courtois.
And young defender Adarabioyo, 18, was dealt a tough hand in dealing with the bustling Costa but stuck to his task and acquitted himself better than the vastly-experienced Demichelis.
This was a very steep learning curve for City's kids and they can now return to the junior ranks having had a taste, albeit a painful one, of life at the highest level.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Chelsea manager Guus Hiddink: "Manchester City made changes but that doesn't make it easy because the youngsters that came in were dangerous. It was key that we started well in the second half, got an early second and third goal."
Manchester City boss Manuel Pellegrini: "We were forced to select that team, we couldn't play another day and didn't have any more fit players. We knew it was a difficult chance to carry on in the FA Cup. We cannot do anything more.
"If we play on Saturday, it is better for us, then we play in the Champions League for England. We have six players injured and cannot take any more risks. We played against a very good team and that's why they won."
Media playback is not supported on this device
Chelsea travel to Southampton in the Premier League on Saturday and Manchester City face a trip to Ukraine on Wednesday to play Dynamo Kiev in the Champions League. They then play Liverpool in the League Cup final at Wembley on Sunday.
Have you added News Alerts in the BBC Sport app? Simply head to the My Alerts menu in the app - and don't forget you can also add score alerts for your favourite football team, the Six Nations, and more.
Match ends, Chelsea 5, Manchester City 1.
Second Half ends, Chelsea 5, Manchester City 1.
Attempt missed. Oscar (Chelsea) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses the top right corner. Assisted by Eden Hazard.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Gary Cahill.
Goal!  Chelsea 5, Manchester City 1. Bertrand Traore (Chelsea) header from the centre of the box to the top right corner. Assisted by Oscar with a cross.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Baba Rahman.
Attempt saved. Aleksandar Kolarov (Manchester City) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Martín Demichelis.
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Pablo Zabaleta.
Oscar (Chelsea) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Brandon Barker (Manchester City).
Substitution, Chelsea. Nemanja Matic replaces John Obi Mikel.
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Cameron Humphreys-Grant.
Bertrand Traore (Chelsea) hits the left post with a left footed shot from the centre of the box. Assisted by Eden Hazard.
Foul by Oscar (Chelsea).
Manu García (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Substitution, Manchester City. Cameron Humphreys-Grant replaces Fernando.
Offside, Manchester City. Fernando tries a through ball, but David Faupala is caught offside.
Attempt blocked. Manu García (Manchester City) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Willy Caballero.
Penalty saved! Oscar (Chelsea) fails to capitalise on this great opportunity,  right footed shot saved  in the bottom left corner.
Penalty Chelsea. Bertrand Traore draws a foul in the penalty area.
Penalty conceded by Martín Demichelis (Manchester City) after a foul in the penalty area.
Attempt missed. Oscar (Chelsea) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
Attempt blocked. Aleksandar Kolarov (Manchester City) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Substitution, Chelsea. Oscar replaces Pedro.
Substitution, Chelsea. Bertrand Traore replaces Diego Costa.
Attempt blocked. Kelechi Iheanacho (Manchester City) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Pablo Zabaleta.
Goal!  Chelsea 4, Manchester City 1. Eden Hazard (Chelsea) from a free kick with a right footed shot to the bottom right corner.
Martín Demichelis (Manchester City) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Eden Hazard (Chelsea) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Martín Demichelis (Manchester City).
Attempt blocked. Kelechi Iheanacho (Manchester City) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Manu García.
Attempt missed. Cesc Fàbregas (Chelsea) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Eden Hazard.
Foul by Cesc Fàbregas (Chelsea).
Aleix García (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Gary Cahill (Chelsea) with an attempt from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Willian with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Martín Demichelis.
Cesc Fàbregas (Chelsea) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Brandon Barker (Manchester City).
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by César Azpilicueta.