Bringing the UK's ageing homes into the 21st century should be a key infrastructure priority, ministers have been told.

The government is consulting on a multi-billion pound plan for roads, rail, flood defences and energy.
But opposition parties and institutions have told BBC News that home energy efficiency is equally important.
Unless homes are insulated, they say the UK will miss targets to end fuel poverty and cut carbon emissions.
The plan to make home energy efficiency a key infrastructure priority was proposed by the right-leaning think-tank Policy Exchange (PX).
BBC News found wide support, including from Labour, Lib Dems, SNP, Plaid Cymru, the CBI, TUC, the union GMB, the left-leaning think-tank IPPR, the all-party parliamentary group Green Alliance, the World Energy Council, the Institution of Civil Engineering and leading energy academics.
The government declined to comment but its advisory body the National Infrastructure Commission said it would consider whether to take the idea further.
PX argues that improving home efficiency creates many jobs; combats fuel poverty; reduces air pollution; minimises carbon emissions; cuts fuel imports; benefits the balance of payments; and reduces the need to build new power stations.
"It's pretty much a no-brainer," said Richard Howard of PX.
"Bringing people's homes up to standard is incredibly good value for money. We don't typically think of housing as infrastructure like we think of roads and railways - but we've got to change the way we approach this: housing is critical infrastructure."
The CBI's Rhian Kelly told BBC News: "Energy efficiency in homes and businesses is often at the back of the queue, so it's right that we see a sharper focus on making buildings more insulated, leading to significant savings for households and firms and important environmental benefits."
Professor Jim Watson, director of the UK Energy Research Centre, said:  "For too long, there has been an assumption that infrastructure includes energy supply and energy networks, whereas the type and quantity of energy we use (and might need in future) is heavily dependent on infrastructures that use energy such as buildings, vehicles and appliances."
Christophe Frei, General Secretary of the World Energy Council, said: "This is such a no-brainer. It responds to energy efficiency, addressing fuel poverty, replacing new capacity requirement - and the financing is so much easier to do because the pay-back period is so short. But it needs the policies."
Among the organisations the BBC contacted, only the Institute for Economic Affairs did not back the plan, saying that using taxpayers' funds to improve housing was not a good use of public money.
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West Lothian Council has become the fourth local authority to confirm it is freezing the basic rate of council tax.

It joins Renfrewshire, Inverclyde and South Lanarkshire to make the voluntary move.
Councils now have the power to increase the basic rate by 3%.
East Lothian Council has announced it will increase its council tax by 3% for the first time since 2008-09. It means the average Band D household will pay an additional 65p per week.
The council tax in West Lothian has been frozen for bands A to D, with the tax for Band D remaining at Â£1,128.
Bills for properties in Bands E to H will rise automatically from April through national changes to the way council tax is calculated which have been made by the Scottish government.
The Labour-run council said it would invest almost Â£398m to deliver local services, and was providing a commitment to consult West Lothian residents on future decisions, including council tax levels, over the next five years.
After agreeing the council budget for 2017/18, council leader John McGinty, said: "Although the Scottish government has provided Scottish councils with some flexibility around council tax this year, any further increases in council tax would fall far short of what is needed to plug our budget gap of Â£9.8m and significant budget cuts would still be needed.
"We have taken the decision therefore not to raise council tax further because we recognise that finances remain tight for families not just councils, and it delivers on a promise made to West Lothian Council taxpayers.
"We believe that further increases in council tax at this time would only place greater strain on hard pressed family finances and we believe that our council tax freeze in 2017/18 will be welcomed by the majority of households, as will consultation on future decisions over the next five years."
He added: We are confident that we are making the right choices for our communities and that our residents' aspirations are reflected in our budget.
"Our aim in setting this budget is to ensure that we find a balance between delivering important services and supporting local families as they also look to balance their own household budgets in tough times."
He said the council would be investing in areas such as employment programmes, anti-poverty measures, additional money for grants to voluntary organisations and more funding for town and village centres.
Additional investment areas in 2017/18 include:


At least 19 people have been killed in bomb and gun attacks in the Somali capital, Mogadishu.

Sixteen people, including nine attackers, are believed to have died after gunmen stormed the city's main court buildings.
Later a car bomb was detonated on the road to the airport, killing three, including two Turkish aid workers and the attacker.
The Islamist militant group al-Shabab says it carried out the attacks.
Al-Shabab, which has links with al-Qaeda, has been blamed for a series of attacks in Mogadishu in the last two years.
But correspondents say Sunday's violence is the worst seen in the city since al-Shabab was pushed out of the city by AU and Somali forces in August 2011.
By Mohamed IbrahimBBC Somali Service, Mogadishu
The attacks have created an atmosphere of fear among Mogadishu residents.
They are not the biggest Mogadishu has seen. But they came as people in Mogadishu were starting to experience relative calm, when life in the capital was beginning to return to normal.
The attacks have challenged the government's authority in the capital. Police have been deployed on the streets and government buildings are being protected.
But the government has previously admitted there is only so much it can do to stop suicide bombers.
The deaths of two Turkish aid workers will also raise concern among the increasing number of aid organisations working in Somalia.
The Islamist group still controls most villages and rural areas of southern and central Somalia.
BBC reporter Mohamed Ibrahim at the scene says armed intruders entered the court in the capital and began firing, after which there was an explosion.
A gunfight followed as security forces exchanged fire with the attackers.
Witnesses said at least one car bomb was used in the attack.
"Armed men entered the court and then we heard a blast. Then they started opening fire," witness Hussein Ali, who works at the courts, told Reuters news agency.
Ugandan troops - part of the African Union force stationed in Mogadishu - arrived at the scene shortly after the shooting started.
The Somali government said that nine gunmen had been involved in the assault, and all had now been killed.
Six of them detonated suicide vests, it said.
Other witnesses said the attackers were dressed in Somali military uniform.
People were seen trying to escape the violence from the upper floors of the court buildings by breaking windows and climbing out of the buildings. Some were said to be senior officials.
Our reporter says the courts are located in one of the busiest parts of the city, and were full of people when the attacks happened - Sunday is a normal working day in Somalia.
Deadly attack on Somali courthouse
A second car bomb was detonated later, outside a building housing security forces on the road to the airport.
It was set off as a convoy carrying Turkish aid workers passed, killing two of them.
Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud condemned the latest attacks as "nothing but a sign of desperation by the terrorists".
"Somalia is moving and will keep moving forward and will not be prevented [from achieving] a peaceful and stable Somalia by a few desperate terrorists," he said in a statement.


Uncertainty over the nature of the UK's future relationship with the EU is having a "corrosive" effect on science, a House of Lords report says.

The report highlights what it says is a "delay in solid reassurances" on Brexit and "mixed messages" from ministers.
The report welcomes the increase to science funding announced in the 2016 Autumn Statement.
But it says bold steps are needed to ensure the UK continues to attract the best scientific talent.
Pro-Brexit campaigners reject the suggestions of negative consequences shared by other scientists and believe the UK will retain its ability to influence EU science policy on leaving.
"At this early stage, there is little documented evidence of scientists from other EU member states deciding not to come to the UK because of the EU referendum," the report from the Lords Science and Technology Committee says.
But it adds that ministers and the wider community should be on the look-out for "any early indications of change in the attractiveness of the UK to talented scientists".
The report also highlights the importance of freedom of movement.
It recommends the government distinguishes in statistics between students and other immigrants and  treats student numbers separately for immigration policy making purposes.
The committee also recommends that the government assesses the need for a scientific adviser role in the Department for International Trade.
Lord Selborne, the committee's chairman, said: "We welcome the major increase in science funding announced in the 2016 Autumn Statement and the government's separate assurance that it will underwrite funding for approved Horizon 2020 projects applied for before Brexit.
"The UK's outstanding reputation and performance in the scientific world depends critically on redoubling efforts to persuade many of the world's most talented scientists to pursue careers in this country."
He added: "It is vital the UK is still seen as open to scientific talent; the government has the ability to send this message to the scientific community enabling us to become world leaders after Brexit and beyond."
Universities and Science Minister Jo Johnson said he would carefully consider the recommendations. He commented: "The excellence of our research and the attractiveness of the UK as a lead destination for science and innovation are fundamental to the future success of this country.  That is why our upcoming Industrial Strategy will place science and innovation at its core.
"As we prepare to leave the EU, we are determined to secure the best possible outcome for our research base. We've made a substantial investment in the sector -  pledging an extra Â£2 billion a year by 2020/21, the biggest increase in decades.  In addition, HMT will guarantee competitively awarded EU research funding, bid for while we remain a member of the EU."
The report is a follow-up on the findings of an inquiry published earlier this year.


An overdue school library book has finally been returned - 120 years late.

The Microscope and its Revelations, by Dr William B Carpenter, was borrowed by former pupil Professor Arthur Boycott, who attended Hereford Cathedral School between 1886 and 1894.
It was discovered by his granddaughter Alice Gillett.
The school has promised to waive any fines - which based on the rate at Hereford Library of 17p a day, would have amounted to a staggering Â£7,446.
See more stories from Herefordshire and Worcestershire here
Mrs Gillett discovered the book while she was sorting through a collection of 6,000 books following the death of her husband earlier this year.
On discovering the HCS library stamp inside the book, Mrs Gillett, who lives near Taunton, decided to return it.
"I can't imagine how the school has managed without it," she said.
The book would have been of good use to young Boycott as he eventually graduated with first class honours in Natural Science and became a distinguished naturalist and pathologist.


Mercedes face a serious threat for pole position at the Singapore Grand Prix after Lewis Hamilton was only fifth fastest in final practice.

Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel was top from team-mate Kimi Raikkonen, Red Bull's Daniil Kvyat and Daniel Ricciardo.
Hamilton was a massive 1.120 seconds slower than Vettel and complaining about the handling of the Mercedes.
It is a stunning turnaround after Mercedes have dominated pretty much the entire season so far.
And the team insisted that they were not disguising their form.
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"There is no hiding the potential here," Mercedes tweeted. "The pace of our rivals is genuine - and very quick."
Hamilton's team-mate Nico Rosberg was sixth fastest ahead of a stunning performance by McLaren's Fernando Alonso in seventh, just 0.014secs behind the German.
Alonso's team-mate Jenson Button was 13th fastest, nearly half a second adrift of the Spaniard.
Mercedes' lack of pace was one of the biggest surprises of the season - it is only two weeks since Hamilton romped to victory in Italy, with a clear pace advantage of about a second a lap over everyone else in the race.
The team have been defeated only twice all year, and both times in specific circumstances.
In Malaysia, Ferrari had better tyre wear and Vettel used it to do one fewer stop than Hamilton and beat him on strategy.
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In Hungary, mistakes from Hamilton opened the door to Vettel and he took advantage.
With the caveat that this is only practice, the difference so far is that Mercedes seem simply to lack pace - although they may not have been running their cars at maximum performance.
"It will be a shock for Mercedes," said former Cosworth engine boss Mark Gallagher, acting as an analyst for BBC F1 this weekend.
The team seem to be struggling to get the best out of the tyres at Marina Bay - the single key aspect of being quick around the bumpy, twisty and demanding track.
Vettel was in stunning form - heading Raikkonen by 0.45secs, as the Finn was only 0.045secs ahead of the highly impressive Kvyat.
This is only the Russian's second race in Singapore and he admitted on Thursday that he had found the first one last year very difficult, the intensity of the challenge in the heat and humidity, around a long lap and a race of nearly two hours testing all the drivers.
But Kvyat has looked very good indeed all weekend, brushing the walls with verve and so far shading his highly rated team-mate Ricciardo.
There was another starring performance from Alonso, delivering on the promise McLaren gave that this would be their strongest race for some time.
The Spanish two-time champion is always strong at Singapore and to be only 1.5secs off the pace in a car that is still lacking significant power from its Honda engine - even if that deficit is less of a handicap in Singapore - was an outstanding effort.
Button, complaining of problems with the behaviour of his car, was a long way back.
But the midfield battle looks as tight as expected, with five drivers from the Toro Rosso, Williams, Sauber and Force India teams in the half-second gap between the McLarens.
Getting a clean lap will be key to deciding grid positions when qualifying begins under the lights of F1's only night race at 14:00 BST.
Practice results
Singapore Grand Prix coverage


Underwater explorers in Madagascar say they have discovered treasure belonging to the notorious 17th-Century Scottish pirate William Kidd.

A 50kg (7st 9lb) silver bar was brought to shore on Thursday on the island of Sainte Marie, from what is thought to be the wreck of the Adventure Galley.
The bar was presented to Madagascar's president at a special ceremony.
US explorer Barry Clifford says he believes there are many more such bars still in the wreck.
Capt Kidd was first appointed by the British authorities to tackle piracy but later became a ruthless criminal and was executed in 1701.
"Captain's Kidd's treasure is the stuff of legends. People have been looking for it for 300 years. To literally have it hit me on the head - I thought what the heck just happened to me. I really didn't expect this," Mr Clifford said.
"There's more down there. I know the whole bottom of the cavity where I found the silver bar is filled with metal. It's too murky down there to see what metal, but my metal detector tells me there is metal on all sides."
The BBC's Martin Vogl  tweets that there is much excitement in Madagascar about the discovery and Mr Clifford's team has no doubt that the discovery is genuine.
The team believes the bar, marked with what appears to be a letter S and a letter T, has its origins in 17th-Century Bolivia.
It believes the ship it has found was built in England, however there is bound to be scepticism and calls for more proof that the bar was linked to Capt Kidd, our reporter says.
One option would be to take samples of wood from the ship to analyse, he says.
The location of the ship, thought to have sunk in 1698, has been known about for many years but the silver bar was only discovered earlier this week.
Mr Clifford said that while diving in the wreck, his metal detector picked up signals but it was too muddy for him to see anything.
UK ambassador to Madagascar Timothy Smart, who attended the ceremony, said he hoped that Mr Clifford's latest discovery would raise Madagascar's profile as a tourist destination.
The plan is to exhibit the bars in a museum.
He is thought to have been born in Scotland's Greenock or the Dundee area in about 1645.
He was appointed by the Crown to tackle piracy and capture enemy French ships, but turned to piracy himself.
In 1698, he looted the Armenian ship the Quedagh Merchant, which was apparently sailing under a French pass.
The Quedagh Merchant had been carrying satins, muslins, gold and silver.
Unfortunately for Kidd, the captain of the ship was an Englishman, and it is thought that a large amount of the cargo belonged to the British East India Company.
Capt Kidd was captured and brought back to London. He was found guilt of piracy and the murder of one of his crewmen during a row in 1697, and sentenced to death.
During his execution in Wapping in 1701, the first rope put around his neck broke, so he was strung up a second time. That rope also snapped, but the third one held.
Afterwards, his body was dipped in tar and hung by chains along the River Thames to serve as a warning to would-be pirates.
Legend had it that Capt Kidd hid much of his loot, which has prompted numerous treasure hunts around the world and inspired author Robert Louis Stevenson when writing Treasure Island.


If you've ever wanted to catch a glimpse of a shooting star or two, Wednesday night could be your perfect chance.

The Perseid meteor shower appears in our skies every August, but is expected to peak overnight.
For the first time since 2007, the shower will coincide with a new moon - making viewing conditions particularly favourable, weather permitting.
The peak time is expected to be between 23:00 BST and 04:00 BST.
The best places to see the meteors in Northern Ireland are expected to be counties Down, Armagh and Fermanagh, as well as south Antrim.
Andy McCrea, of the Irish Astronomical Association, explained what people could hope to see.
"They can expect to see what are called shooting stars. Shooting stars are not really stars at all, in fact they're little grains of dust that hit the atmosphere at very high speeds, so they vaporise and they leave a trail.
"Those meteors are called the Perseid meteors, so you should expect to see a meteor roughly every 10 minutes if you live in a built-up area.
"If you can get away to a nice dark site, you should see one every minute."
The Perseids are pieces of Comet Swift-Tuttle; each August, the Earth passes through a cloud of the comet's debris.
"Last year conditions were similar to this year and I was able to see five or six," Mr McCrea said.
"The benefit this year is we don't have a full moon or anything like that, so the moon's out of the way and that allows the sky to be darker and we stand a better chance of seeing meteors.
"They're best seen in the wee small hours, so if it's dark, if it's clear, put it off until as late as you possibly can and you stand a better chance of seeing the meteors."
BBC Northern Ireland weather presenter Cecilia Daly said that cloudy skies over Northern Ireland on Tuesday night stopped most people from seeing the meteors.
"This coming night, skies will be clearer across the island and this coincides with peak shower activity," she said.
"It is difficult to say when the best of the clear skies will be, but southern and eastern counties stand the best chance of catching sight of the dazzling show. Prime viewing is after 11pm, so keep scanning the skies for cloud breaks."
Astronomy Ireland is urging people to count the number of meteors they see every 15 minutes and send the results to its website.
"This will help us tell if the shower is getting weaker or stronger as the years pass," said David Moore, editor of Astronomy Ireland's magazine where the counts will be published.
An added bonus for sky watchers is that Saturn is also currently visible above Northern Ireland.
"It'll be visible as a fairly bright star, but low down in the sky in the south-western part of the sky - it's been there for most of the summer months," Mr McCrea said.
"Through a telescope Saturn's spectacular, but you'll see it with the naked eye tonight."


Manchester United "are not ready to be a dominant force" and fans should forget about a return to the days of Sir Alex Ferguson, manager Jose Mourinho has told BBC Sport.

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United won 13 Premier League titles under Ferguson, but Mourinho says it is now impossible to be so dominant.
Asked if he could return the club to its former greatness, the Portuguese said: "Forget it.
"Don't try to go 10, 20 years ago because it is not possible any more."
In a wide-ranging interview with Gary Lineker for the Premier League Show, Mourinho also said:
Watch the full Premier League Show on iPlayer.
Mourinho, 54, signed a three-year contract last May to replace Louis van Gaal, who was sacked despite winning the FA Cup.
The Red Devils have finished seventh, fourth and fifth in the three full seasons since Ferguson's retirement, and have been in sixth place since 6 November.
Mourinho does not believe a return to winning the Premier League every year is close, but does not want the season to peter out after winning the EFL Cup last month.
"We are not ready to be Manchester United," he said.
"We are not ready to be a dominant force. We are not ready to try and win everything.
"Because of the nature of the club, and of myself, we are ready to fight for every game, every point. But there is a space between the general ambition of such a giant club and what we are in reality."
Mourinho said United - who beat Premier League champions Leicester City in the Community Shield in August - had won "one and a half" trophies this season.
"Many other teams in England are going to finish the season without a trophy," he said. "But we have to fight for the top four, we have to fight for the Champions League. The cup is not enough to say that the season is over."
Since Mourinho took charge, United have spent an estimated £150m on midfielders Paul Pogba and Henrikh Mkhitaryan and defender Eric Bailly, and brought in striker Zlatan Ibrahimovic for free.
But the Portuguese said the club's previous transfer dealings caused him concern.
He named three forwards - PSG's Angel di Maria, Bayer Leverkusen's Javier Hernandez and Arsenal's Danny Welbeck - as players he would not have sold.
"I found a sad club," he said. "Manchester United sold players that I would never sell, bought players that I would never buy."
Mourinho would not name the players he would not have signed, but in January he allowed midfielder Morgan Schneiderlin and forward Memphis Depay to leave for Everton and Lyon respectively.
He has largely frozen out former Germany captain Bastian Schweinsteiger and has handed just seven league starts to left-back Luke Shaw, who cost £27m from Southampton in 2014.
Mourinho said he was not worried about attracting players if United fail to qualify for the Champions League, pointing to last summer as proof the club can still sign the best players.
"Manchester United is very powerful, it doesn't need to be in the Champions League to attract the best players," he said.
"Zlatan could still be in Paris. Mkhitaryan could be at Borussia Dortmund. Pogba could be at Juventus. We were able to attract the players because they know that Manchester United sooner or later will get there.
"If any player decides not to come because of that, then I am happy that they are not coming."
Pogba, 24, has scored seven goals since joining United for a world-record £89m last summer, but has been criticised for a perceived lack of impact in matches.
Mourinho says the France international will improve.
"It isn't easy for Pogba," he said.
"The country is so different to Italian football. It is hard for him. I'm not disappointed at all. The most important thing is his personality. He is professional and he will improve for sure."
Mourinho also praised the contribution of 35-year-old Ibrahimovic, who has scored 26 goals this season.
"Zlatan is not a surprise for me," he said. "I know the personality, I know the body, I know the ambition that brought him here.
"Could he do it in the best league in the world? He has done it everywhere else. He's doing amazingly well."
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English football has endured a turbulent week in which Sam Allardyce left as manager of the senior national side after 67 days - but it can at least celebrate thrashing an old rival.

Steve Cooper's under-17s squad cruised to an 8-1 victory over Germany in the Croatia Cup on Monday.
The Young Lions took a 6-1 lead within the first 40 minutes of the game.
Manchester United's Angel Gomes found the net after four minutes, followed by goals from six different players.
Jadon Sancho of Manchester City got the second four minutes later, followed by two goals from Liverpool's Rhian Brewster. Phil Foden (Manchester City), George McEachran, Callum Hudson-Odoi (both Chelsea) and Danny Loader (Reading) all added to the scoreline.
Germany, with the score already 2-0, pulled one back through Luca Schlax in the 12th minute.
The match had to be contested at a local training ground after torrential rainfall rendered the pitch at Pula's Aldo Drosina Stadium unplayable.
It is the team's third victory in the competition, after beating hosts Croatia 5-0 and Greece 3-0 last week.
The squad are preparing for the first qualifying round of the 2017 European Championship in Croatia.
There are two qualifying rounds, with England due to play Romania, Azerbaijan and Austria later in October. All of England's matches in the first qualifying group will be held in Romania.


So, you're fed up with the way your local council runs things?

Council elections take place in May for every local authority in Wales - but do you think you have what it takes to be a councillor?
Maybe you're angry about bin collections, or the way the local school is performing and you want to shake things up.
You might think your local authority is doing a great job and you want to sign up to continue the good work.
Well, now is your chance, because in May, Wales will go to the polls for local authority elections. That's why some councils are holding taster sessions, to explain more to wannabe councillors about what the role entails.
But if Denbighshire council's session at the Nova Centre in Prestatyn on Wednesday night is anything to go by, some authorities have their work cut out simply getting people through the doors.
Excluding organisers and council staff, only six people turned up to the meeting. One of those is already a serving councillor and another was there simply to support his wife, who is interested in standing in the election.
This was the third of four sessions Denbighshire is running, and turnout has not been good.
About seven turned up to a meeting in Ruthin, and even fewer at the session in Rhyl. The council is hoping more will be encouraged to attend their final session in Denbigh later this month.
Denbighshire's chief executive, Mohammed Mehmet, told those present on Wednesday that turnout had been better at similar events held in 2012.
"The turnout to the roadshows has not been overwhelming," he said, but added: "I'm not too concerned about that. If we have people present who are seriously thinking about it, and this is useful, then five or six people is okay."
Asked if the fact they are holding these sessions signifies there is a shortage of people willing to put themselves forward, Gary Williams, Denbighshire's head of legal, HR and democratic services, said: "I don't think there's a shortage. We fill all the seats.
"But we are keen to encourage as many people as possible to want to take part, and the idea of these evenings is to give people the information to enable them to make a considered decision as to whether or not it's the right thing for them."
Barry Mellor, who represents the east ward of Rhyl, was just months into his role as a county councillor when floods struck the town in 2013. He told the audience this was an example of how varied work as a councillor can be.
"That was a baptism of fire, to come in as a councillor six months before that... 140 houses were devastated.... by probably nine o clock that evening we'd relocated everybody out of those 140 houses."
Prospective councillors also need to be prepared to give their own time and open their doors to strangers, he said.
"I've got somebody coming round to my house tomorrow night to discuss a business venture. If I can help, I will."
Incredibly "proud" to be a councillor, Mr Mellor admitted you need "thick skin and heavy shoulders" to perform the role well.
And the one quality you need above all others?
"Honesty. All I believe, is if you get asked to do something and you can't do it, explain to the people you can't do it, and they appreciate that much more."
The sessions provide information on allowances and salaries. The basic allowance is currently Â£13,200 a year, which is due to rise by Â£100 after May. Other allowances are available for certain roles with added responsibilities.
If they are successful and get voted in, councillors receive iPads and IT support, will be trained on subjects ranging from how to chair meetings, how to improve questioning skills and - a relatively new addition to the councillor's skillset - how to use social media.
The importance of appropriate behaviour in public office was also stressed. One useful anecdote on the night explained how "running down the street stark naked wearing a Red Indian head dress" is probably not the way to win any favours with the ombudsman.
The audience was told that even if they decide against running for the county elections, town and community councils are finding it "really difficult to get people to stand", and would welcome new blood.
Andrea Tomlin, from Prestatyn, attended the meeting with her husband, because she is interested in "getting a little bit more involved in my community".
However, she said: "I have definitely been swayed that county council isn't for me at the moment due to the time commitment I believe it demands of you. With having my own business and working full time in it I don't think I could dedicate the time that that role deserves."
However, she is considering standing for Prestatyn town council.
On the low turnout on the night, she said: "It doesn't surprise me, it disappoints me, because I just feel that there are so many people out there with thoughts and ideas and opinions on things in their own local community, on their own local streets. This is a good forum for them to be able to do that and they are not taking that opportunity.
"And it feels to me as if the same old, same old people might be coming through again, which is why I might consider getting involved this time."


The UK is not on track to hit its climate change targets through the 2020s, government advisers have warned.

The Committee on Climate Change said carbon emissions rose in 2012 by 3.5%.
After the figures were adjusted for the cold weather and a greater use of coal to make electricity, emissions fell - but by 1% compared with the 3% target.
The report also warned the Green Deal scheme, designed to incentivise people to insulate their homes, appeared to have had the opposite effect.
There has been a huge drop in people installing roof and cavity wall insulation since the previous insulation scheme was replaced by the Green Deal last year, it said.
"We haven't got the full figures yet for uptake of the Green Deal, but this does potentially look very worrying" said the committee's chief executive David Kennedy.
"We advise the government to put in very firm incentives for people to insulate their homes through, for instance, stamp duty or council tax", he said.
The statistics on Green Deal uptake are due to be released on Thursday.
Under the scheme, people can install new green technology into a property with no up-front costs and pay back the costs through their energy bill over time.
A survey for the government on Tuesday suggested that 48% of people having their homes surveyed for the scheme said they would get energy saving measures installed.
But the overall numbers of applicants is thought to be low, and critics say if under half of people surveyed are going ahead with the full scheme, something is badly wrong.
Mr Kennedy told BBC News that the focus of the Green Deal appeared to have switched from insulating homes to buying new boilers.
"We don't need a scheme to persuade people to buy new boilers - they do that anyway" , he said.
The committee noted that 2012 had been a record year for adding wind power to the grid.
But it warned that uncertainty over the government's energy plans and anti-wind power rhetoric from ministers had recently deterred investors in clean energy.
Without further effort, it said, the government would fail to meet the targets in its carbon budgets after 2017, laid down to hold the UK to its legally binding 2050 target to reduce emissions by 80%.
It said progress had been especially slow in implementing (expensive) solid wall insulation and low-carbon heat pumps.
Firms have also been reluctant to invest in improving energy efficiency.
"The situation won't improve unless firms and individuals can see a clear direction, beyond 2020, towards de-carbonizing the economy", Mr Kennedy said.
Follow Roger on Twitter @rharrabin


The family and friends of the cameraman killed last week while broadcasting in Virginia have gathered to remember him at his former school.

Salem High School held a memorial for Adam Ward, 27, who graduated from the school in 2007.
Ward worked for WDBJ7-TV in Roanoke along with Alison Parker, who was also killed on TV by a disgruntled former employee of their station.
He "loved life and was truly kind to people," said the school's principal.
Visitors wore the colours of Ward's favourite sports teams - Salem High School and Virginia Tech University, from where he graduated in 2011.
Ward helped his high school football team to two state championships.
He was engaged to fellow WDBJ7-TV employee Melissa Ott and they were due to marry in July 2016.
"Adam, I will never find a man so happy, selfless, protective, funny, or charming like you. You were the one. My soulmate," she wrote in a Facebook post.
Friends said Mr Ward was very close with his parents and that he and his father were going to cover Salem High School football games for the TV station.
"His smile was the brightest; his heart was the biggest; his enthusiasm was the most contagious; his work was the hardest. Adam was without a doubt the easiest-to-like kid who ever walked the halls of [Salem High School]," the school's principal, Scott Habeeb, wrote on Facebook.
Alison Parker and Adam Ward had been working together as a team at WDBJ7-TV for almost a year.
They were killed by Vester Flanagan, who formerly worked at WDBJ7-TV.
He shot them during their broadcast, along with another woman, Vicki Gardner, who is recovering at a hospital.


A £13.5m lottery winner will fund a new building for people with multiple sclerosis, a charity has confirmed.

Great-grandfather Peter Congdon, 67, from Truro, Cornwall, scooped the money in a rollover in May.
The Merlin MS Centre said Mr Congdon's wife Rosemary had multiple sclerosis and his family wanted there to be a "lasting legacy" to her.
The charity said the exact donation was yet to be finalised but it would be a "substantial amount".
Loraine Long, the centre manager, said: "Peter and his family were very keen that they could help provide an additional service for people with multiple sclerosis and other neurological conditions.
"A hydrotherapy pool is a much-needed facility and by locating it alongside our centre, subject of course to planning approval, this will provide a wonderful natural therapy for people living with a range of conditions and to the wider Cornish community."
The widower, who has three children, 10 grandchildren and one great grandchild, has previously raised thousands of pounds for community groups.
In the run-up to buying the successful ticket on 27 May, Mr Congdon had won three days in a row on the National Lottery Scratchcards.
Ms Long said: "Everyone here is so delighted for Peter's incredible pledge.
"We would like to say a truly heart-felt thank you to them. This is our own lottery win."
The charity, based in the Cornish hamlet of Hewas Water, supports those living with the incurable condition.


One of the last people to see Castlederg teenager Arlene Arkinson alive has said she initially thought her friend was not dead.

However, Donna Quinn admitted she did think child killer Robert Howard had done something to her.
She was giving evidence at Belfast Coroners Court.
She admitted lying to police about being with Arlene on the night she disappeared, on Howard's instructions.
Ms Quinn said Howard told her: "Don't be saying Arlene was with us."
Arlene, 15,  disappeared in 1994 after a disco in County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland.
"I always thought she would be back," Ms Quinn said.
"Arlene would have went away, I didn't think she was dead.
"As time went on I thought Howard had done something to her.
"I thought there was something suspicious but I never thought she was dead."
Ms Quinn went on to tell the inquest that she knew in her "heart and soul" that her friend was dead, and that Robert Howard had probably sexually abused and killed her.
She said: "I have no doubt he killed her. I think he sexually abused and killed her."
Ms Quinn said she was a vulnerable girl at the time of Arlene's disappearance.
She told the court that Howard boiled her pet rabbit and smashed the skulls of kittens for fun before showing her the bodies.
Ms Quinn agreed Howard probably used her to get access to other young girls in the Castlederg area.


It is a poem which can be recited off by heart by Hungarians telling of the slaughter of 500 Welsh poets at Montgomery Castle.

But in Wales little is known of the verses or the legendary story of rebellion which inspired their penning.
On Thursday, a special celebration of the life of the poet behind the "Bards of Wales" will be held in Budapest.
Montgomery Mayor Eric Fairbrother said the poem was a "great link" between the countries.
A Walesi Bardok, The Bards of Wales, tells of their legendary slaughter at a banquet in Montgomery Castle by King Edward 1st, after they refused to sing his praises as their conqueror.
Janos Arany wrote the verses after refusing to write a poem celebrating the Emperor of Austria Franz Joseph following a failed revolution in 1848 against the empire.
While Arany's 19th Century ballad is still taught in all the schools in Hungary, many living in Montgomery, Powys, have never heard of it.
"Local people know very little about it at all. In fact it is only recently that I have been spreading the word about it," Mr Fairbrother told BBC Radio Wales' Good Morning Wales programme, ahead of his visit to mark 200 years since Arany's birth.
During the televised ceremony, which will be attended by President of Hungary Janos Ader, Mr Fairbrother will present the honorary status of Freeman of Montgomery to the famous poet posthumously.
Prof Robert Evans, Regius Professor of History at the University of Oxford, said Hungary considered itself similar to Wales, as a nation that had suffered oppression.
"The idea that the bards refused King Edward, that was part of the Romantic culture of Britain in the 19th Century," he said.
"It was well known even in Europe but it was picked up by Arany due to [political] circumstances which made it famous."
The poem was only published after Hungary gained independence and is still taught to schoolchildren across the nation.
But the ballad is still hardly heard of in Wales and Prof Evans said it only became recognised in recent years after composer Karl Jenkins penned a symphony based on it.
Mr Fairbrother said the link between the two nations was more important than ever following the EU referendum.
He added: "In these days of the Brexit situation, it's good to keep furnishing good relations with our neighbours in Europe."


A woman and two children have died following a fire at a women's refuge in Dublin.

Gardai (Irish Police) said the blaze broke out in the complex in Cluainin Cronan in Clondalkin at about 02:30 local time.
The woman, who was 27 and the two children, aged two and three, were taken to Tallaght Hospital but were pronounced dead.
Another woman in her 30s was rescued along with a four-year-old boy.
The woman was taken to St James's Hospital, while the boy was taken to Our Lady's Hospital in Crumlin.
Both are said to be in a critical condition.
The apartment was on the first floor of a small complex next to the Grand Canal.
Insp Ken McLaughlin said gardaÃ were keeping an open mind as to the cause of the fire.
Seven residents of nearby apartments were moved out of their homes during the emergency.
The block of flats has been cordoned off.
Children's Minister Katherine Zappone said her thoughts and prayers were with all those affected by the fire.


A Las Vegas judge has dismissed a lawsuit accusing blues legend BB King's business manager of financial and welfare abuse.

King's long-time manager Laverne Toney will remain in legal control of the 89-year-old's affairs.
Three of King's children claimed Toney was stealing money and neglecting the musician's medical care.
A judge said investigations found no evidence of abuse or reason to take power of attorney from Mr Toney.
"Mr King has counsel. I don't have anything here that says he lacks capacity. He has some serious health issues. But he has counsel. If he feels like he's being taken advantage of, he has remedies," the Family Court Hearing Master, Jon Norheim said.
King, who suffers from diabetes and is currently in home-hospice care, did not attend.
He was forced to cancel the remainder of a tour last October when he fell ill during a show, and was later diagnosed with dehydration and exhaustion.
The judge's ruling doesn't prevent King's children from returning to court to press their claim once all family members have been legally informed of the action.
"We lost the battle, but we haven't lost the war," his daughter Karen Williams vowed.
His eldest daughter Shirley King said the dispute had brought disrespect to her father's name.
"I'm not too sure things are right. But my dad would never want this," she said.
The Rock and Roll Hall of Famer is considered one of the greatest guitarists of all time.
He is known for such hits as The Thrill is Gone and Every Day I Have the Blues.


The family of a disabled boy have spoken of their distress after burglars stole an adapted computer which they say is a lifeline for their son.

William Stuart, 10, from Etchingham, East Sussex has autism and a condition called global developmental delay (GDD) and cannot speak.
His family said the stolen iPad was his only way of communicating and without it he is more isolated than ever.
Sussex Police has appealed for information to help find the iPad.
The theft of the device, which was loaded with communication software Proloquo, was discovered on Tuesday.
Two TVs and an Xbox 360 were also stolen from the family's home in Burgh Hill.
"The iPad was William's only form of communication with the outside world and with us in particular," said his father Alastair.
"He is becoming more anxious and closed and is expressing his frustration in terms of anger and crying."
Senior lecturer in special education Dr Amelia Roberts said that when someone with autism loses their means of communication it is a devastating change for them.
"People with autism don't cope with change very well so from his perspective his world will now be turned upside down," she said.


A rail company's new mandatory bike reservation policy "discriminates against cyclists", according to a regular commuter.

8 June 2016 Last updated at 20:48 BST
Pete Ganton regularly uses Great Western Railway (GWR) to transport his bike from Reading to London, but now has to book a space on the train for his bike.
When followed by a BBC reporter on a service he reserved a space on he was prevented from getting on the train because he did not have any paperwork, according to the train guard.
GWR began the policy in May, meaning bicycle users must book two hours in advance.
The BBC's Ben Moore reports.


Scientists who study dinosaurs say they used to perform a special bird-like dance to attract a partner.

9 January 2016 Last updated at 13:56 GMT
Huge scrapes were found in rocks, left behind by the animals in Colorado in America.
The patterns are similar to those left by puffins and ostriches after they do their special mating dances.
The kind of dinosaurs that left these marks are still unknown but the findings have brought scientists one step closer to figuring out how the animals lived.


Coastal sand dunes have been left unstable by tidal surges, leading to fears people may become trapped.

High waves lashed the north-east coast of England on Friday and overtopped sea walls.
Redcar RNLI said the dunes at Coatham in Redcar had "taken a battering" and rescuing people in sinking sand could be "very, very difficult".
The warning comes following previous incidents further up the coast at Druridge Bay and Bamburgh.
Redcar Lifeboat operations manager Dave Cocks said the storm surge had left Coatham's dunes "very unstable".
"Once people have become trapped in sand it is a very, very difficult situation to be rescued from," he said.
The Friends of Redcar group has in the past highlighted the danger posed by shifting sands exposing the former landfill site.
Redcar councillor Carl Quartermain said Coatham dunes had now partly disappeared, revealing a "brick and masonry underbelly".
Redcar and Cleveland Council warned high tides could bring in debris along the coast following the tidal surge.
Elsewhere, a fisherman had to be rescued after being cut off by huge waves on Blyth Pier, while the pier at Saltburn had to be closed after it was damaged by the waves.
The River Tyne reached the top of temporary barriers on Newcastle and Gateshead quayside before the tide receded.


A man has been charged after his dog fatally injured a neighbour in West Yorkshire.

David Ellam, 52, suffered multiple injuries near his home on Riddings Road, Sheepridge, Huddersfield, on 15 August and later died in hospital.
Aaron Joseph, 29, has been charged with owning a dog dangerously out of control causing injury resulting in death.
He was also charged with possession of cannabis and bailed to appear at Kirklees Magistrates' Court on 2 March.
The dog involved had been returned to its owner several days previous to the attack after it was seized as a suspected banned pit bull breed.
It was destroyed in late 2016 after vets found it was suffering from a terminal illness, West Yorkshire Police said.
It is thought Mr Ellam was protecting his terrier when the larger dog turned on him. Mr Ellam's dog, called Rolo, needed emergency veterinary treatment.
The case was referred to the Independent Police Complaints Commission, with an investigation ongoing.
Mr Ellam's family previously said he volunteered at Huddersfield Town FC and also worked as a lollipop man.


A man jailed for raping a young mother who killed herself days later has failed in a Court of Appeal bid against the conviction.

Masood Mansouri, 34, from Chester, was jailed in April for the kidnap and rape of Ceri Linden, 20, from Colwyn Bay.
He said he did not get a fair trial because his victim was not alive to be quizzed in the witness box.
Judges dismissed his conviction appeal but cut his sentence from 13 to nine years.
Ms Linden was attacked after mistakenly getting into his car thinking it was a taxi during a night out in Chester in August 2014.
She went to police afterwards and was interviewed on camera, but was dead within days, having taken an overdose.
Mansouri was convicted at Chester Crown Court after Ms Linden's video evidence was shown to the jury.
Giving judgment at the Court of Appeal, Lady Justice Rafferty, sitting with Mrs Justice Cox and Sir John Royce, said Mansouri's convictions were "safe".
But after considering the length of the sentence, she said it was too long and cut it to nine years.


Tributes have been paid to the 130 people who lost their lives in the Paris terror attacks.

This page lists all the victims for whom the BBC has details; further photographs and information will be added as they become available.
Tap here to read stories of victims in the facewall.
Anne and Pierre-Yves Guyomard, who married two years ago, were killed at the Bataclan. The couple hoped to have children "some time soon", their friend Leslie Winer told the Associated Press news agency. Mrs Guyomard was a former student of musicology and a childcare assistant at a nursery in the outskirts of Paris.
Anne-Laure Arruebo worked as a customs inspector according to French media. She was sitting outside one of the cafés which was attacked.
Armelle Pumir Anticevic was a production manager who lived in Paris and attended the concert with her husband, who survived. She was an extraordinary person who loved life, a friend told L'Independant
French footballer Lassana Diarra revealed on Twitter that he had lost his cousin, Asta Diakite, in one of the shootings. He said she was like a "big sister" to him. She had gone shopping with a nephew and was shot dead in the attack on the bar and restaurant in the rue Alibert.
Bertrand Navarret was a carpenter. He had trained as a lawyer and practised for a few years, but decided to take up carpentry instead and learned his trade in Canada before moving to Capbreton, a surfing hotspot in south-western France. Surfing was his real passion, according to Liberation newspaper. He died at the Bataclan.
A customs inspector who died along with her colleague Anne-Laure Arruebo.  Their trade union praised them on a personal and professional level, saying they were dedicated to their work.
Cecile Martin was a clinical psychologist. She died at the Bataclan.
Management consultant Cedric Ginestou was at the Belle Equipe on the rue de Charonne when it was attacked. He graduated from business school in Bordeaux in 2012 before moving to Paris.
Twin sisters Charlotte and Emilie Meaud died at Le Carillon. Charlotte was in charge of investments in start-up firms at Scientipole, a venture capital firm. Emilie was an architect with Chartier Dalix. The firm said it had lost "a colleague and a friend".
Chloe Boissinot was a student of land management who was dining at Le Petit Cambodge. She was originally from Château-Larcher in the Poitou-Charentes region, where 150 people held a silence in her honour.  Neighbours there told France Bleu Poitou she came from a "really generous family".
Christophe Mutez was an employee of PROS France, a software firm. He died in the Bataclan attack.  He is described as "kind and generous" in online tributes.
Christophe Lellouche, was a fan of l'Olympique de Marseille football club and was a former online communications professional. He died at the Bataclan.  A friend told La Provence newspaper how Christophe had helped him through a period of severe illness.
Christopher Neuet-Shalter was a digital marketing consultant from Paris and father of an 11-year-old girl. "He was kind, sweet, bright, always there for those close to him," his partner told Le Parisien newspaper. "If you mentioned his daughter's name, his face lit up."
Romanian couple Ciprian Calciu and Lacramioara Pop were parents of an 18-month-old son. They were reportedly celebrating a birthday party at La Belle Equipe bistro when they died. Lacramioara also had an 11-year-old daughter.
Claire Maitrot-Tapprest was a student at business school in Reims. She died at the Bataclan. "We have no words, such is the strength of our sadness," the school said in a statement.
David Perchirin, 41, was a journalist turned schoolteacher. He taught in Seine-Saint-Denis, a northern suburb of Paris. He died at the Bataclan.  His contemporaries at university said he had been a "major figure in student life".
Belgian Elif Dogan worked in an IT company in Liege, a town in the east of Belgium.  She was with her friend Milko Jozic on the terrace of La Casa Nostra pizzeria when they came under attack.
Father-of-two Emmanuel Bonnet trained staff at the Paris regional transport authority. He was at the Bataclan with his son, who managed to get away. Liberation newspaper says he was a music fan and would share a favourite song on Facebook every week.
Estelle Rouat was at the Bataclan. She was an English teacher in Colombes in the north-western suburbs of Paris.  Her family are organising a "happy" procession with music to remember her, according to regional newspaper Ouest France.
Fanny Minot was an editor at Le Petit Journal, a satirical TV news programme. Presenter Yann Barthes paid tribute to her at the start of Monday's broadcast. She died at the Bataclan. "She was such a loving, compassionate person, with such an adventurous view on life," a friend told the Associated Press news agency.
Franck Pitiot was an engineering graduate who studied at Nancy, in the east of France. He was at the Bataclan concert.  His engineering school paid tribute to his kindness and warmth.
Frederic Henninot died at the Bataclan. He was a bank worker from Cergy in the north-western suburbs of Paris and father of two.
Germain Ferey was from Vienne-en-Bessin, a village in Normandy. He worked in media production and was at the Bataclan.
Gilles Leclerc worked with his mother as a florist in the north-western suburbs of Paris. He had gone to the Bataclan concert with his girlfriend Marianne, who survived.
Gregory Fosse, a music scheduler for television channel D17, died at the Bataclan. "We all knew his kindness, inimitable smile and the passion for music which brought him to us," his employer wrote. "We have lost a friend but also a talented guy."
Guillaume Le Dramp died having a drink outside the Belle Equipe bar. A loved one told the AFP news agency he was "charming, warm, truly kind with a wicked sense of humour".
Halima Saadi, a Tunisian mother of two, was killed with her sister Hodda at La Belle Equipe bar, according to Le Parisien newspaper. Their brother was also in the bar but survived.
Helene Muyal, 35, died at the Bataclan and leaves behind a husband and son aged 17 months. She was a make-up artist who worked on fashion shoots. Her husband Antoine Leiris wrote a passionate piece on Facebook addressed to his wife's killers after seeing her body. "I don't know who you are and I don't want to know. You are dead souls. I won't give you the gift of my hatred. It's what you sought, but answering hate with anger would be to surrender to the same ignorance that has made you what you are.''
Hugo Sarrade, 23, was killed at the Bataclan. He was studying at a university in Montpellier and was in Paris to spend the weekend with his father and to go to the concert. "Hugo played the guitar and loved rock music. He was loving and full of kindness, and so open to other cultures and ways of life," his father Stephane said.
Hyacinthe Koma from Burkina Faso worked as a waiter at Chics Types restaurant and was celebrating a birthday at La Belle Equipe bar.
Isabelle Merlin was an engineer who worked at the Continental electronics firm in Rambouillet, to the south-west of Paris. She had a wide smile and an extremely warm and dynamic character, friends told Le Parisien newspaper. Outside of work, she studied music and singing. She was friendly and funny, the director of her college told broadcaster France 3 Nord Pas-de-Calais.
Jean-Jacques Amiot was a silkscreen printer who was at the Bataclan. "A pacifist, a gentle man," his brother told French newspaper the Telegramme.
Jean-Jacques Kirchheim worked for telecommunications firm Free.  Friends told Le Parisien newspaper he loved rock music and travelling. He died at the Bataclan watching the Eagles of Death Metal.
Julien Galisson was at the Bataclan. He lived in Nantes and loved music and travelling, according to 20 Minutes newspaper.
Justine Dupont was the manager of the Sainte Cécile social housing block in the east of Paris. She was on the Rue de Charonne, near the Belle Equipe bar.
Justine Moulin was a student living in Paris who was eating at Le Petit Cambodge restaurant. Her parents were from Nieppe, a small town in the north of France, according to La Voix du Nord newspaper.
Kheireddine Sahbi was a masters student in ethnomusicology caught up in the restaurant attacks. "He was an Algerian virtuoso violinist, who came to hone his skills in Paris, and was heavily involved in traditional musical groups at the university," said the president of the Sorbonne.
Lamia Mondeguer was an agent for artists and a dual French-Egyptian citizen.
Her father said: "May my little angel rest in peace, and may her smile remain ingrained in our memories forever."
Lola Salines was an editor at Grund, a publishing company.  According to Liberation newspaper, she was in a roller derby team and travelled widely as a child.
Lucie Dietrich was a graphic designer at L'Etudiant (Student) magazine.
Madeleine Sadin was a French teacher at a school in Vitry-sur-Seine, in the south-eastern suburbs of Paris.
Manu Perez, 40, was an employee of Universal Music.
Marie-Aimee Dalloz was a bank worker from Paris and mother of one.
Mathias Dymarski was a keen BMX rider and recent civil engineering graduate who studied in Metz, in north-east France, and was a project manager at a business in Paris. He was the boyfriend of Marie Lausch who also died at the Bataclan.
Matthieu de Rorthais, 32, a music lover who had recovered from cancer. "He was kind, gentle and sensitive," his cousin said.
Maud Serrault was a marketing and e-commerce director at Best Western France.
Maxime Bouffard was a film director.
Mayeul Gaubert, 30, was a lawyer.
Milko Jozic, 47, was an engineer from Belgium.
A Moroccan architect and teacher, Amine Ibnolmobarak was named by the Moroccan Times newspaper as one of those killed at Le Carillon bar. The native of Rabat was with his wife who was seriously injured, the paper added.
Nathalie Jardin was a lighting manager at the Bataclan concert hall.
French-Russian Nathalie Lauraine was at the Bataclan concert with her husband, who was injured. She was the mother of three children, according to Le Figaro newspaper.
Nicolas Degenhardt was a yoga teacher from Le Mans. He had lived in Paris for about 15 years.
Olivier Vernadal, 44, was a tax officer from Ceyrat in the Auvergne region of France. A keen footballer, his home town decided to name its stadium after him to honour his memory.
Patricia San Martin, 61, was a civil servant working in local government at Sevran, a northern suburb of Paris, and a trade union representative. She died alongside her daughter Elsa Veronique Delplace, according to Sevran town hall officials.
Pierre Innocenti, 40, was a manager at Chez Livio restaurant in the Parisian suburb of Neuilly-sur-Seine. He was killed alongside his cousin Stephane Albertini.  They were the third generation of their family to run the famous restaurant.
Pierre-Antoine Henry, 36, was an engineer. His cousin said: "They killed the nicest guy in the world."
A dual Portuguese-French national, Precilia Correia was killed at the Bataclan alongside her French boyfriend. She was an employee of music retailer Fnac, based in La Defense in north-west Paris.
Quentin Boulenger, 29, graduated from management school in 2010 and worked at L'Oreal cosmetics firm.
Quentin Mourier was an architect at Vergers Urbains (Urban Orchards).
Raphael Hilz was an architect from the German city of Munich. He had been working for the past six months for the Italian firm Renzo Piano.
Richard Rammant was a motorcyclist and rock fan.
Romain Dunet was an English teacher. "He had a big heart, unwavering generosity, and was a fantastic teacher who helped me when I needed it most," one pupil wrote in an online tribute.
Romain Didier was a former drama student and bar manager. His rugby team paid tribute on Facebook to his "unparalled joie de vivre", adding: "It's so hard to think that we will never again see your smile or hear your laugh."
Guitar maker Romain Naufle was at the Bataclan with friends.  He had opened a workshop in the east of Paris. A concert was arranged in his honour.
Romain Feuillade owned a restaurant called Le Cent Kilos in the 11th district of Paris.
Egyptian Salah Emad El-Gebaly died in the Bataclan concert hall, Egypt's consulate in Paris confirmed.
Sebastien Proisy was a French-Bulgarian dual citizen who had just launched an international relations consultancy firm.
Stella Verry was a family doctor.
Stephane Albertini was a manager of the Chez Livio restaurant in the Parisian suburb of Neuilly-sur-Seine. He was killed alongside his cousin Pierre Innocenti.  The pair "always had a smile for everyone," one customer said.
Restaurant worker Stephane Hache was killed by a stray bullet in his apartment opposite the Bataclan.
Suzon Garrigues was a third-year student of modern languages who "will be remembered as the most generous, most altruistic and funniest of friends by her fellow students, and also as an unconditional and devoted fan of Zola", the president of the Sorbonne said.
Sven Alejandro Silva Perugini, 29, a computer scientist from Venezuela who lived in Palma, Majorca. He had come to Paris for the weekend to catch up with an old university friend.
Thibault Rousse Lacordaire worked at Colony Capital, a private equity firm.
Thierry Hardouin was a police officer from Bobigny, a suburb in the north-east of Paris.
Thomas Ayad from Amiens, worked for Mercury Records, a division of Universal Music France, and was at the Bataclan with two colleagues. "He was the coolest guy on Earth; no enemies, everyone liked him," a friend said.
Thomas Duperron was head of communications for La Maroquinerie concert hall.
Victor Munoz was born in Barcelona and built his first website aged 13. He was a specialist in online marketing and had just graduated from business school. He was working as an intern at a start-up when he was killed having a drink with friends at La Belle Equipe bar.
Vincent Detoc was described as an amateur guitarist and music fan by Le Parisien newspaper, which spoke to his wife.


The former vice-president of the Maldives has been convicted over a plot to assassinate the current president.

President Abdulla Yameen narrowly escaped injury when a blast struck the boat he was using to return home from the airport last September.
His then-deputy Ahmed Adeeb was arrested weeks later and charged with high treason.
He was sentenced to 15 years in prison on Thursday, days after receiving a 10-year sentence for owning firearms.
Adeeb denied playing any part in the blast, which the prosecution maintained was caused by a bomb.
The US Federal Bureau of Investigation, one of a number of agencies asked by the government to help with the investigation, said no bomb exploded.
In recent years, the Maldives has been rocked by political infighting.
"The criminal court has barred me from calling the trial unfair, but we have concerns and intend to launch an appeal immediately," Adeeb's lawyer, Moosa Siraj, told the Maldives Independent website.
"This was by no means a fair trial," Adeeb's second wife, Mariyam Nashwa, told the Maldives Independent.
"The investigation was nowhere near complete. I think they closed the trial because they are afraid Adeeb might say something."
Two of Adeeb's bodyguards were given 10-year sentences for their role.
President Yameen and his wife were travelling to Male from Hulhule island where the airport is located on 28 September when their speedboat was hit by the blast.
They had been to the hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia.
The president was unhurt, but his wife and and a number of others were injured when the device went off under a seat normally - but not in this instance - occupied by Mr Yameen.
Soon after the blast, speculation began to grow that Adeeb was involved, reports say. Under the Maldivian constitution, the vice-president succeeds the president if he dies, is incapacitated or resigns.
Officials described the attack as an assassination attempt.
Mr Yameen's predecessor, Mohamed Nasheed, who was ousted in a coup in 2012, was given refugee status in the UK last month.
Who else has been jailed?
Mr Adeeb is the fourth high-profile politician to be jailed on terrorism charges since Yameen Abdul Gayoom came to power in 2013. The other three are:
All three have decried the charges as being politically-motivated.
Compiled by BBC Monitoring


The Duke of Cambridge flew four active rescue missions during his first week as a co-pilot with the East Anglian Air Ambulance (EAAA).

The duke's first shift began at Cambridge Airport on Monday morning.
He flew to his first incident in Garboldisham in Norfolk on Tuesday.
On Wednesday the prince was deployed to Felixstowe in Suffolk and to Colchester, Essex. His final mission of the week was on Thursday, to Wisbech, Cambridgeshire.
"Patient confidentiality" prevented the EAAA giving details of some incidents, however the life-saving mission to Felixstowe involved a man in his 50s who had suffered a cardiac arrest.
After being treated at the scene the patient was airlifted to the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital.
Prince William completed a civilian pilot course in September before taking dedicated 999-response training in order to take up his role with the air ambulance service.
The former RAF helicopter pilot's duties will cover incidents in Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire.
On Monday the prince admitted to "feeling the nerves" as he began his first nine-and-a-half hour shift as co-pilot alongside medical staff.
However, he added: "It's sort of a follow-on from where I was in the military with my search and rescue role.
"There are many of the same kind of skills and a job like this is very worthwhile, valuable and there's an element of duty."
The prince's shift pattern is expected to be four days on, four days off, but will take into account his official royal duties.
Bond Air Services operates the air ambulance on behalf of the EAAA and the prince is being paid a salary which he is donating to charity.


Sheffield United and Rochdale are still searching for their first wins of the League One season after drawing 1-1 at Bramall Lane.

Keith Hill's side looked to be heading for only their second ever win over United when Andy Cannon fired them in front but the hosts' captain Billy Sharp equalised during the closing stages of the first half.
Cannon pounced during the closing stages of a scrappy first-half, George Long saved Ian Henderson's 44th-minute shot but the midfielder steadied himself and shot home.
Mark Duffy had earlier gone close for United while Donal McDermott enjoyed several sights of goal at the opposite end of the pitch. But, for the most part, it was pretty tame from both teams.
Leon Clarke was inches away from drawing United level in the 65th minute after overpowering his marker to meet Duffy's cross but the ball fell just wide.
With eight minutes left, Sharp equalised, as the striker swept home a first-time finish from close range after meeting Chris Hussey's free-kick.
Report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Sheffield United 1, Rochdale 1.
Second Half ends, Sheffield United 1, Rochdale 1.
Foul by Sanmi Odelusi (Rochdale).
Jack O'Connell (Sheffield United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt missed. Calvin Andrew (Rochdale) header from the right side of the box is close, but misses the top left corner.
Goal!  Sheffield United 1, Rochdale 1. Billy Sharp (Sheffield United) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the top right corner. Assisted by Chris Hussey with a cross following a set piece situation.
Billy Sharp (Sheffield United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Niall Canavan (Rochdale).
Corner,  Rochdale. Conceded by Jack O'Connell.
Substitution, Rochdale. Callum Camps replaces Andrew Cannon.
Attempt missed. John Fleck (Sheffield United) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the right.
Corner,  Rochdale. Conceded by Chris Hussey.
Substitution, Rochdale. Sanmi Odelusi replaces Nathaniel Mendez-Laing.
Substitution, Sheffield United. Stefan Scougall replaces Mark Duffy.
Attempt missed. Leon Clarke (Sheffield United) header from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the left.
Josh Lillis (Rochdale) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Leon Clarke (Sheffield United).
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Harrison McGahey.
Substitution, Sheffield United. Harry Chapman replaces Matt Done.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Andrew Cannon.
Attempt blocked. Mark Duffy (Sheffield United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Attempt blocked. Mark Duffy (Sheffield United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Foul by Andrew Cannon (Rochdale).
Billy Sharp (Sheffield United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Matt Done (Sheffield United) left footed shot from the left side of the box is close, but misses to the left.
Attempt missed. Harrison McGahey (Rochdale) right footed shot from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right.
Jamie Allen (Rochdale) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Leon Clarke (Sheffield United).
Attempt saved. Matt Done (Sheffield United) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top centre of the goal.
Foul by Nathaniel Mendez-Laing (Rochdale).
John Brayford (Sheffield United) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Second Half begins Sheffield United 0, Rochdale 1.
First Half ends, Sheffield United 0, Rochdale 1.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Joseph Rafferty.
Goal!  Sheffield United 0, Rochdale 1. Andrew Cannon (Rochdale) right footed shot from the right side of the six yard box to the bottom right corner.
Attempt missed. Donal McDermott (Rochdale) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses the top left corner.
Foul by Calvin Andrew (Rochdale).
James Wilson (Sheffield United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Donal McDermott (Rochdale) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Donal McDermott (Rochdale).


"Here's your prescription, walk in the forest five times a week for an hour."

According to experts, it is not inconceivable that doctors will be giving health advice like this in the not too distant future.
After decades of research, the scientific world is moving closer to pinpointing how exposure to nature seems to promote well-being.
A recent US study found that being close to nature might soothe the mind by reducing rumination - when negative thoughts get stuck on repeat, playing over and over in the mind.
A team at Stanford University compared the effects of taking a nature walk through a greenspace with a stroll in an urban environment - in this case beside a busy road in Palo Alto.
Brain scans showed reduced activity in an area of the brain linked to risk of mental illness in participants who took a 90-minute walk among oaks, birds and squirrels.
They also reported lower levels of rumination.
Gregory Bratman of Stanford University, one of the researchers on the study, says moving to cities has "happened in a blink of an eye in terms of human evolution".
As he points out, never before have so many of us been removed from nature - already 50% of the global population lives in towns and cities; a figure that is projected to rise to 70% by 2050.
Some cities and nations are already thinking about the mental health benefits of nature when designing urban areas.
"There's an increasing body of evidence showing that natural versus urban areas benefit us at least emotionally with our mood and possibly also our cognitive development too," says Mr Bratman.
"You could think of these mental health benefits of nature as a psychological ecosystem service."
The Stanford University team is looking at ways to tease apart the "active ingredients" of the nature experience to find ways to bring nature into the city.
Meanwhile, Britain's Royal Horticultural Society is trying to encourage the public to bring nature into their own backyard, by replacing concrete with plants.
A garden at the Hampton Court Flower Show for the Greening Grey Britain campaign showcased ways to make urban environments rich in both vegetation and nature.
Plants from the garden are to be moved to Bristol to green-up a street for the community, including St Mungo's hostel for the homeless.
Nigel Dunnett, Professor of planting design and vegetation technology at the University of Sheffield, is behind the garden.
He says we "evolved with nature and it's completely unnatural for us to be separated from it".
He wants a shift in thinking to make developers invest in providing natural surroundings and for horticulturalists to get involved in green infrastructure projects.
"There is a big role for horticulture in this whole movement of greening cities," he adds.
"We have to be really radical, really innovative to get into places where you normally wouldn't get to see things growing."
One health trend that is popular mainly in Japan and South Korea is Shinrin-yoku, a term that means "taking in the forest atmosphere" or "forest bathing".
A study conducted in 24 forests across Japan found that walking among trees lowered blood pressure, the pulse rate, and levels of the hormone cortisol, which is released in response to stress.
According to psychologist Dr Mathew White of Exeter University, research into the link between nature and well-being is increasingly focussing on effects on the body and brain, such as how brain activity corresponds with the nature experience.
"It does start to tell us some of the cognitive elements that could be at play in why urban environments are so taxing to the brain," he says.
He says several projects are underway to try to develop "green prescriptions" for exposure to nature that would be of benefit people going through anxiety or depression.
The Stanford University research is published in the journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.


Ellie Downie added vault and bars gold medals to her all-around title on the final day of the British Gymnastics Championships in Liverpool.

The 17-year-old won vault by nearly a full mark then claimed the bars title after her older sister Becky fell.
Claudia Fragapane marked her return to competition after Strictly Come Dancing with a silver in the floor.
She scored 13.050 but was beaten to the title by 15-year-old first-year senior Maisie Methuen, who managed 13.425.
Among the men's Masters golds were Courtney Tulloch (rings), James Hall (parallel bars) and Joe Fraser (high bar).
"I came in really prepared so to win the all-around as well as vault and bars is amazing," Ellie Downie told BBC Sport.
Fragapane, who finished fourth in last year's Strictly, received the biggest cheers of the day from the crowd.
Find out how to get into gymnastics with our special guide.
"It's great to be back in gymnastics," the 19-year-old admitted.
"The Strictly experience has made me more confident and it's taught me to chill a little bit more and enjoy gymnastics more."
Methuen added: "It's amazing. I never expected to win the gold. I just wanted to beat what I did yesterday so I'm really happy."
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The American coach of Olympic champion Mo Farah rejected claims he may have broken anti-doping rules to boost the performance of some of his athletes.

Alberto Salazar has been under investigation since a BBC Panorama programme in 2015 made allegations about drugs use at his US training base, and a leaked report from the US Anti-Doping Agency (Usada) was obtained by the Sunday Times this weekend.
"I believe in a clean sport, " he said. "I do not use supplements that are banned."
The leaked report also alleged Salazar - head coach of the world famous endurance Nike Oregon Project (NOP) - routinely gave Farah and other athletes prescription drugs with potentially harmful side-effects without a justifiable medical reason.
According to the Sunday Times, the leaked report claims Salazar used a banned method of infusing a legal supplement called L-carnitine.
"I have clearly and repeatedly refuted allegations directed against me and the Oregon Project," Salazar said.
"I believe in a clean sport and a methodical, dedicated approach to training. The Oregon Project will never permit doping and all Oregon Project athletes are required to comply with the Wada Code and IAAF rules.
"L-carnitine is a widely available, legal nutritional supplement that is not banned by Wada. Any use of L-carnitine was done so within Wada guidelines.
"In this case, to ensure my interpretation of Wada rules was correct, I also communicated in writing with Usada in advance of the use and administration of L-carnitine with Oregon Project athletes.
"I have voluntarily cooperated with Usada for years and met with them more than a year ago. The leaking of information and the litigation of false allegations in the press is disturbing, desperate and a denial of due process. I look forward to this unfair and protracted process reaching the conclusion I know to be true."
Salazar and Farah deny they have ever broken anti-doping rules.
"It's deeply frustrating that I'm having to make an announcement on this subject," said 33-year-old Farah in a statement.
"I am a clean athlete who has never broken the rules in regards to substances, methods or dosages and it is upsetting that some parts of the media, despite the clear facts, continue to try to associate me with allegations of drug misuse.
"I'm unclear as to the Sunday Times' motivation towards me but I do understand that using my name and profile makes the story more interesting. It's entirely unfair to make assertions when it is clear from their own statements that I have done nothing wrong.
"As I've said many times before we all should do everything we can to have a clean sport and it is entirely right that anyone who breaks the rules should be punished."
In a statement, UK Athletics said it stood by the findings of an investigation published in 2016 that found "there was no evidence of any impropriety on the part of Mo Farah and no reason to lack confidence in his training programme".
The statement said: "Usada have not reported back to UKA on any aspect of their investigations but we remain, at all times, completely open and cooperative with them.
"L-carnitine is a legal and scientifically legitimate supplement that can be used by endurance athletes. To our knowledge, all doses administered and methods of administration have been fully in accordance with Wada-approved protocol and guidelines."
The Usada interim report was passed to the Sunday Times by the suspected Russian hacking group Fancy Bears.
The BBC has so far been unable to verify its authenticity with Usada, or establish whether any of its reported conclusions are out of date.
In a statement, Usada said it could "confirm that it has prepared a report in response to a subpoena from a state medical licensing body regarding care given by a physician to athletes associated with the Nike Oregon Project".
It said: "We understand that the licensing body is still deciding its case and as we continue to investigate whether anti-doping rules were broken, no further comment will be made at this time.
"Importantly, all athletes, coaches and others under the jurisdiction of the World Anti-Doping Code are innocent and presumed to have complied with the rules unless and until the established anti-doping process declares otherwise. It is unfair and reckless to state, infer or imply differently."
Contents of the report
According to the Sunday Times, the leaked report claims that Salazar:
Salazar maintains that drug use has always fully complied with the Wada code and that athletes were administered with L-carnitine in "exactly the way Usada directed".
The Sunday Times claims the Usada report also reveals:
The report, apparently written in March 2016, allegedly states: "Usada continues to investigate circumstances related to L-carnitine use" by Farah.
Farah told the Sunday Times two years ago that he had "tried a legal energy drink" containing L-carnitine but "saw no benefit" and did not continue with it.
The newspaper also claims the report says Dr John Rogers, a medic for the British athletics team, told Usada in an interview that conversations he had with Salazar at a training camp in the French Pyrenees before the 2011 World Championships in Daegu, gave him such "concern" that he wrote an email at the time to his medical colleagues at UK Athletics.
It also says Rogers told Usada that Salazar had told him about "off-label and unconventional" uses of the prescription medications calcitonin and thyroxine (hormones) and high doses of vitamin D and ferrous sulphate.
The revelations will pile more pressure on Britain's greatest ever endurance runner, who has steadfastly refused to end his association with Salazar.
It raises questions too for UKA, which gave the Briton the all-clear to continue working with Salazar after an inquiry was launched following the BBC Panorama programme.
Background
In June 2015, in conjunction with the US website ProPublica, the BBC's Panorama programme Catch Me If You Can made a series of allegations about the methods at NOP, and included testimony from a number of former athletes and coaches, including Kara Goucher and Steve Magness.
The film alleged Salazar had a fixation on the testosterone levels of his athletes, and may have doped American Olympic medallist Galen Rupp with the banned steroid version when he was 16. The programme also alleged Salazar had conducted testosterone experiments on his sons to see how much of the drug he could apply to them before it triggered positive tests.
The film also alleged Salazar used thyroid medicine inappropriately with his athletes, and encouraged the use of prescription medication when there was no justifiable need.
Salazar denied the wrongdoing alleged in the programme, and issued a 12,000-word rebuttal.
Usada took the unusual step of confirming it had launched an investigation into NOP following the BBC and ProPublica's revelations in 2015. Earlier stories by the New York Times and the Sunday Times had also raised concerns about some of Salazar's methods.
It is not clear why the Usada report remains unpublished.
BBC sports editor Dan Roan
Nine months ago, amid rumours Usada had dropped an investigation into his coach, Sir Mo Farah said he felt vindicated after standing by Alberto Salazar, the man who has helped him achieve so much success. This will raise more questions over that association.
Last year Farah distanced himself from another controversial coach - Somalian Jama Aden. And he could now face renewed pressure to do something similar with a man who we now know Usada is still looking into.
This could also be awkward for Salazar's employers Nike - and for UK Athletics; not least how they came to clear Salazar in 2015 - even though it now seems one of their senior medics - Dr John Rogers - says he had raised concerns to them over the coach's methods.


Motorists' fines totalling more than £6m for driving in a city's bus lanes have been used by a council to fund public services, an ex-MP claims.

Cameras were put at 10 Birmingham sites in September 2013 and two more in 2014.
In the first two years cameras operated, 213,774 penalty charge notices (PCNs) were issued, a Freedom of Information (FOI) request showed.
Former Lib Dem MP John Hemming said the council had been "economical with the truth" on how it would spend the money.
The total income from fines was £6,157,359 from September 2013 - December 13 2015.
More on this and other stories from Birmingham and the Black Country
The number of fines nearly halved from the first year cameras operated until the second.
74,076
St Martins Queensway to Moor Street Queensway
48,113 The Priory Queensway southbound to Old Square
31,262 The Priory Queensway southbound to Masshouse Lane
When the cameras were first installed, the Labour-run council denied claims it was a "money-making" move, saying income would be put into transport.
In a reply to a BBC FOI request, the council said the money had not yet been earmarked for any such projects: "The net surpluses from the Bus Lane Enforcement (i.e. total income less expenditure) have been taken to reserves and have not yet been spent on any specific project.
"Work is progressing to identify appropriate highways/transportation projects to fund."
Mr Hemming, who lost his seat as Liberal Democrat MP for Birmingham Yardley in 2015, said: "It's clear this was a route for the council to raise money.
"This money has just gone in the cocoa tin, it's not reserved for transport.
"We should be using taxes to fund public services, not fines."
Where were the first 10 cameras:
Cameras added later:
When it began enforcing bus lane restrictions, the council also said its aim was to improve bus reliability, reduce CO2 emissions, encourage cycling and increase road safety.
In its reply to the BBC, the authority said it did not "hold any information which demonstrated any specific correlation between the issuing of PCNs and the factors mentioned".
The council said it had "always made clear" PCNs were not to make money but to reduce congestion and emissions.
Drivers who paid within 14 days of receiving a PCN could pay a 50% discounted fine of £30. If paid within 28 days, the penalty was £60, and £90 if it was late.
In February 2014, a tribunal found signage was inadequate or confusing at three of the 10 locations and the council came under fire following a story by the Birmingham Mail.
The authority introduced extra signage at three locations between April and June 2014, which it said exceeded the tribunal's recommendations.


New 3D creation and editing tools are being added to the next edition of the Windows 10 operating system, including a revamped version of Paint.

The firm also revealed a range of new virtual reality headsets to encourage users to interact with their creations.
One expert said the moves would help prepare consumers for more radical augmented reality features, which are still under development.
Microsoft also unveiled its first all-in-one desktop, the Surface Studio.
It features what is said to be the thinnest ever LCD touchscreen and has an accompanying dial controller, which can be placed directly on the display or used at its side.
An on-stage demonstration of the 3D Paint application showed how a stylus could be used to draw 2D-graphics that were automatically given depth by the software. Photographic elements could also be added to the design, and parts could be animated.
To create 3D models of real-world objects, Microsoft said it was developing a smartphone app that works by waving the handset around the desired item.
The finished creation can be added to Powerpoint presentations, shared on Facebook and other online sites or placed within a virtual reality environment.
"VR is hot with consumers at the moment, and Microsoft is making sure it is not missing the boat from an ecosystem perspective and leaving it all to Google," said Carolina Milanesi, a consumer tech analyst at Creative Strategies.
"3D also resonates with consumers. Focusing on creating content and sharing that content is a good way to have them start to think about mixed-reality, preparing them for the HoloLens headset."
Microsoft revealed Acer, Asus, Dell, HP and Lenovo will manufacture new Windows 10-compatible virtual reality headsets, which fill the wearer's view with computer-powered images.
It said the lowest-cost model would be $299 (£245). That is several times cheaper than the video games-focused Oculus Rift and HTC Vive headsets already on sale.
They offer a staging post until the firm launches a consumer edition of its HoloLens headset. The kit superimposes graphics over real-world views, moving them in turn with the wearer's head movements so that they appear to be part of the environment.
Versions of the HoloLens are already on sale, but cost between £2,719 and £4,529, and are currently targeted at developers.
The Creators Edition of Windows 10 is due for release early next year and will be provided as a free upgrade for computers already running the software.
Its other new features include:
Microsoft began the final stretch of its New York event by unveiling a new laptop, the Surface Book i7, which it said offered twice the graphics power of the last model and up to 16 hours of battery life.
But it dedicated most of the section to the new Surface Studio desktop computer.
The machine features a touchscreen held to a box below by two adjustable chrome arms.
Microsoft claims the display is "best in class".
Its 192 pixel-per-inch resolution is slightly lower than that of the top-end iMac. But it compensates for this by being an inch larger than Apple's model, as well as appearing to be substantially thinner thanks to most of the machine's guts being placed at its base.
The PC is sold with a wireless mouse, keyboard and stylus, but is distinguished by a fourth peripheral: the Surface Dial.
This can be spun to carry out functions such as skimming through colours, adjusting the volume or flipping through pages.
It provides vibration-based feedback as it is used. And when placed on the screen, it brings up a graphical interface within compatible software, providing the user with a new way to select from commands.
"Surface Studio won't be the highest-performance all-in-one system," commented Patrick Moorhead, an analyst at Moor Insights & Strategy.
"Microsoft played it safe with sixth-generation Intel processors, mobile graphics and USB 3 ports.
"But it should meet the needs of most creative experts - the intended target market - and is priced for [users] who want something very cool and unique."
Surface Studio will cost between $2,999 and $4,199 (£2,452 and £3,433) when it goes on sale in the US on 15 December.
Although Microsoft has had some success with its earlier Surface line-up, wider sales of PCs and tablet computers are experiencing their second consecutive year of decline.
The consultancy Gartner has forecast that after an 8.7% fall this year, sales will see a smaller dip in 2017, and then return to growth again in 2018.


Fife Flyers head coach Todd Dutiaume was pleased to end 2016 with a run of victories - but found the start to 2017 somewhat frustrating.

The Flyers began the New Year on a bittersweet note, losing 4-1 at home to Braehead Clan after ending the previous year with three straight wins.
And Dutiaume was also pleased to land new signing Bryan Cameron, whose arrival was announced just prior to the game against Braehead.
"Winning the three wins leading up to New Year was a great way to end a five-game skid," Dutiaume said. "Bouncing back with three in a row really helped confidence.
"But it wasn't meant to be against Braehead and it's something of a seasonal issue for us and we'll have to address it. The game started out alright, but as it wore on, we clearly tired.
"Ever since losing Shayne Stockton through injury, we were severely lacking right-handed forwards and by bringing in Bryan Cameron, it certainly helps.
"It lets some of my left-handers play in their natural position as well so I'm pleased we were able to bring him in."
Flyers finished off 2016 in style as they followed up a Boxing Day win over Edinburgh Capitals with points in Dundee and Edinburgh on Saturday.
The game on Tayside on Wednesday saw the Flyers win 5-3 overall, but go four up without reply by the end of the first period as Matt Sisca, Ric Jackman, David Turon and Carlo Finucci all found the net.
Kevin Bruijsten pulled one back, but Turon restored the four-goal gap followed by Brett Switzer and Vinny Scarsella closing the gap to two as Fife took the points.
Dutiaume's side headed to Edinburgh on Saturday for their traditional end of year showdown and secured a 6-3 win to add to Edinburgh's woes.
Two from Finucci and one from Edinburgh's Ian Schultz saw the first period end with a narrow lead for the Flyers, but Ryan Dingle added an early third during the middle session.
Although Matt Tipoff got another back for the home team, Brendan Brooks and Justin Fox opened up a three-goal advantage, with Jacob Johnston and Dingle trading late goals for either team.
Flyers returned home for their first game of 2017 against Braehead Clan at Fife Ice Arena, but they were to lose to the Glasgow side for a sixth meeting in a row.
Mike Hammond's opener was cancelled out by Fox, but Braehead claimed the points through Matt Beca, Matt Keith and a late Scott Pitt empty net goal.
Braehead may have started 2017 well with that win in Fife but their end to 2016 optimised their indifferent season so far.
A run of four games in five days continued after Boxing Day's loss to Belfast Giants with a 7-2 victory over Edinburgh Capitals in Murrayfield.
Tipoff and Callum Boyd traded early goals, with Braehead surging ahead through Hammond, Pitt (two) and a penalty shot by Beca.
Michal Dobron pulled one back for Edinburgh before Matt Keith and Daniel Ahsberg rounded off an excellent win away from home.
Braehead returned home to take on out-of-sorts Dundee Stars and inflicted a 5-0 win over Marc LeFebvre's side in arguably their best performance of the season.
Ahsberg's second in two games, followed by strikes from Beca, two from Keith and a late one from Hammond made it a second straight win as Braehead's busy week continued.
By the end of it, they had run out of steam when they went to Belfast Giants for their final game of 2016, losing 5-3 to the title challengers in Northern Ireland.
Another from Ahsberg was cancelled out by David Rutherford and Colin Shields before Craig Peacock levelled for the visitors.
James Desmarais and Alex Foster opened up a two-goal lead and although Alex Leavitt pulled one back, Foster's second clinched the points in the end for the home side.
Dundee Stars' poor run of form extended into the New Year when they were beaten 4-1 by league leaders Cardiff Devils to make it 12 losses in their last 13 games.
Joey Martin, Gleason Fournier, Matthew Myers and Mark Louis had Cardiff four up by the end of the second, with Craig Moore pinching a consolation in the third.
That ended a run of five away games in six with a total mileage of just under 2,500, but it did little to help Dundee's fight to get out of the bottom two.
The final game of the week took Edinburgh Capitals to Nottingham Panthers on Monday, looking to arrest the slide of six losses and 44 goals conceded in that run.
But they were beaten 4-2, with Alex Nikiforuk's penalty shot and one from Jeff Brown giving the home side a two-goal lead after one period.
Ian Schultz scored for Edinburgh followed by Brad Moran adding Panthers' third and despite Pavel Vorobyev netting for the visitors, Chris Lawrence secured the points at the end for Nottingham.
Tuesday
Edinburgh Capitals 2-7 Braehead Clan
Wednesday
Dundee Stars 3-5 Fife Flyers
Thursday
Braehead Clan 5-0 Dundee Stars
Friday
Belfast Giants 5-3 Braehead Clan
Saturday
Edinburgh Capitals 3-6 Fife Flyers
Sunday
Cardiff Devils 4-1 Dundee Stars
Monday
Nottingham Panthers 4-2 Edinburgh Capitals
Fife Flyers 1-4 Braehead Clan