Former Prime Minister Stephen Harper has given up his seat as an MP, leaving Canadian politics after more than 20 years to focus on his businesses.

The news comes 10 months after Mr Harper lost the election to Justin Trudeau and then resigned as Conservative leader.
He said representing Calgary in Parliament had been an honour.
He was first elected as a Reform MP in 1993 and later led the Conservative Party to three election victories.
In a written statement, he said: "Friends, we did a lot together, but I know the best is yet to come.
"Our country must continue to serve as a model of prosperity and freedom."
Three election wins, no shortage of controversy
Five things Stephen Harper got wrong
He listed his achievements as cutting taxes and balancing the national budget.
"We got tough on crime and put families first. We managed our G7 economy through the worst global recession since the Great Depression, and came out in the strongest position of them all."
He said he was preparing for "the next chapter" of his life.
According to Bloomberg, the 57-year-old will work on his consulting, with the intention of launching a firm in Calgary which will focus on international issues.


Bradford Bulls head coach James Lowes threatened to quit rugby league after his side failed to win promotion back to Super League through the Million Pound Game.

The Bulls were condemned to a second year in the Championship after Wakefield won the play-off game 24-16.
Lowes, who also works as England assistant coach, said defeat may force the Bulls to become a part-time club.
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"If this is the future of rugby league I won't be in it," he said.
"I just don't think it's the way forward for the game.
"We've got 17 blokes down there who could potentially lose their jobs in one game after they've worked so hard to put themselves in a good position.
"It's not guaranteed that we will remain full-time unfortunately. Marc [Green, Bulls chairman] is fantastic, but we're limited by a budget."
It is the first season that the play-off has been introduced to decide the final Super League spot.
Bradford earned their place in The Qualifiers - a group of eight teams consisting of four Super League and four Championship sides competing for four top-flight spots at the end of the season - by finishing second in the Championship after 23 games.
Wakefield coach Brian Smith said Super League's split format is a disadvantage to those teams outside the Super 8s.
"It's like going to the Olympics in the 400m and starting at the 450-metre mark," said Smith.
"From within it's thoroughly debilitating. It's almost impossible to talk about next season.
"The other eight clubs have been able to have a running start on us and they're going to get another running start next season.
"It's so much harder for clubs that don't have the finances to compete with those at the top."
All four Super League teams that featured in The Qualifiers have maintained their Super League status, with Wakefield joining Hull KR, Widnes and Salford.


The former director general of Russia's anti-doping agency has admitted the country has "a serious problem", and says 40% of its drug-test violations have come in youth sports.

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Russia was suspended from international athletics over doping, and must reform in order to return for the Olympics.
On Thursday, four Russian weightlifters were suspended after failing drugs tests at the World Championships.
"In Russia, the doping issue is acute, we can't deny it," said Ramil Khabriev.
Khabriev, who left his post at Rusada earlier this month, was speaking to Russian broadcaster R-Sport.
He added: "We have the most violations in anti-doping rules in comparison with other countries.
"This, of course, shows there's a serious problem. Around 40% of these violations are from youth sports, which is alarming."
The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) voted to suspend Russia's athletics federation in November.
That followed the publication of an independent World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) report that alleged "state-sponsored doping".
An IAAF taskforce is set to visit Russia in early January to check on progress towards complying with anti-doping regulations.
Since November's World Championships, the International Weightlifting Federation has provisionally banned 17 athletes, four of whom were Russian - including men's 105kg world champion Aleksey Lovchev.


Technology group Lenovo has posted a better-than-expected profit after sales in its smartphone division more than doubled.

Net profit was $253m (Â£168m) in the three months to December, compared to analyst forecasts of a $200m profit.
Revenue rose 31% to $14.1bn, which was also higher than forecasts for $13.7bn in sales.
The company bought Motorola and IBM's low-end server unit last year in a bid to diversify beyond the PC business.
Lenovo's chairman and chief executive Yuanqing Yang said the firm was at the "starting line of a new race" due to the two multi-billion dollar acquisitions.
"The results show that we have the right strategy, we made the right acquisitions and we executed well globally, so I am confident we are ready to win," Mr Yang said in a statement.
"Our core PC business maintained its leading position and further improved profitability. The two newly acquired businesses are achieving great momentum in their first quarter of integration. They are definitely becoming our growth engines."
Shares rose more than 8% in Hong Kong following its earnings announcement.
Lenovo is the world's biggest PC maker and its latest results show increased dominance in what has been a shrinking market.
The Beijing-based company said it held a record 20% of the PC market during the quarter, with sales of $9.15bn.
It also saw shipments rise 5% compared to a 3% decline in the broader industry, due to growth in Eastern Europe.
However, it was Lenovo's smartphone division that showed the most impressive results, with total sales rising 109% to $3.39bn in the quarter.
The US brand sold more than 10 million handsets during the quarter, giving the combined firm a 6.6% market share, it said.
Lenovo's purchase of Motorola has made it the world's third-largest smartphone maker.


Protesters have thrown eggs and stones at the Russian embassy in Kiev to demand the release of hunger-striking Ukrainian pilot Nadiya Savchenko.

She is on trial in Russia after being captured while fighting pro-Russian rebels in eastern Ukraine in 2014.
Ms Savchenko is accused of directing artillery fire that killed two Russian journalists - a claim she denies.
Later on Sunday, Ukraine's embassy in Moscow was also pelted by eggs as dozens of people rallied outside.
Relations between Ukraine and Russia have deteriorated following Moscow's annexation of the Crimea peninsula in 2014 and its support for pro-Russian rebels in eastern Ukraine.
On Sunday, several thousand people began the protest in Kiev's central Maidan Square, before hundreds of protesters moved on to the embassy several kilometres away.
Demonstrators were later seen throwing eggs and stones at the embassy and removing a security camera.
The Russian embassy has formally complained to Ukraine about separate attacks on its property overnight on Saturday.
Three cars were "seriously damaged" by unknown assailants, who also set off smoke bombs, embassy spokesman Oleg Grishin said.
Police described the case as hooliganism.
Ms Savchenko, 34, has become a heroine in Ukraine and is seen as a symbol of the country's resistance against Russia.
She began a hunger strike without water on Friday to protest against the sudden adjournment of her trial the previous day, as she was about to deliver a closing statement.


A nightclub has been made subject to strict new conditions, following the death of a teenager caused by a contaminated batch of drugs.

Dylan Booth, 18, from Solihull, died in hospital after taking the substance at the Rainbow in the Digbeth area of Birmingham on New Years's Eve.
Three men and a woman were also taken ill but have since recovered.
A city council licensing hearing stipulated the club must employ under-cover security staff and sniffer dogs.
Other conditions include extra drugs signage and more stringent identity checks.
A full licensing review is due next month.


The forces of so-called Islamic State, now besieged in Mosul, are in a state of "frenzy" inside the city, increasingly blaming and terrorising the local population and preparing to conceal themselves if defeated.

These are the close-up views provided by academics from Mosul, who have maintained covert contacts linking the city with the outside world.
They claim that foreign fighters, once visible in Mosul, have disappeared from the city.
"The frontline foreign fighters are rarely there. They've vanished. The houses they occupied are vacant," said one source, speaking anonymously.
"They're leaving it to the local fighters, who will become the scapegoats."
The IS leadership in the city is also described as "melting away".
"It's a lost cause. It's the end of days for them," says one of the scholars from Mosul, who have been supported by the New York-based Institute of International Education, which once rescued academics in Europe from the Nazis.
They also talk of "changed tactics", with IS fighters trimming their beards and changing the way they dress to look more like the civilian population - with Mosul residents assuming this is to make them less distinguishable if the city is overrun.
Cars in the city have been forced to switch to Islamic State number plates, says one of the academics. The fear from civilians is that this could make all cars vulnerable to an air strike or put them at risk of being attacked in the battle for the city.
So far, air strikes have been carefully targeted at government buildings and military sites, according to this view from the city. Another says that this accuracy might seem "impossible" but so far the attacks have been on "confirmed" targets.
Mosul University, once one of the biggest universities in the Middle East, had been kept open by the IS authorities when they seized the city in 2014.
It had raised questions about whether its laboratories were being used to develop weapons, including for chemical warfare, which could be used in battle or against civilians.
But sources now say that this is "no longer an issue" as the university has been pulverised by air strikes.
"The university is completely inoperative and air strikes have made it a difficult place to go. Most of the buildings have been brought down, it's virtually gone. The laboratories are destroyed."
It is expected there will be "chlorine rockets", but doubts about anything more sophisticated.
Another source says that "Daesh used the university to store some weapons" and had blocked access to some sections of laboratories.
"It is believed that they used laboratories for terrorist purposes, but it is almost impossible to confirm such claims."
But it's assumed that the laboratories would have had chemicals - and that the IS forces might have carried out experiments, such as adding chemicals to explosives.
But the destruction of the university is claimed to have stopped any further weapons development.
Although there is a claim that "Daesh insurgents are still inside the university to 'protect' it from any emergency situation".
As the Iraqi government forces, militias and Kurdish Peshmerga close in on the city, there are signs of deepening tensions between the IS regime and the local population, according to sources.
The city's people are said to be in a "state of fear and terror". As IS has been targeted by the coalition forces, they in turn have "put their anger on the people" claiming that Mosul's residents are communicating with "hostile parties to Daesh".
At Friday prayers last week, a pro-IS preacher talked of how local people were "hypocrites" who had let down the "caliphate".
The religious police are also trying to assert their authority and show that nothing has changed in their control - and there have been more gruesome public executions of people claimed to be opponents or informants.
"They are trying to show they are in control of everything."
There is a culture of "false accusations" and another Mosul academic says: "Daesh continues to hunt 'offenders' and punish them heavily," which often means the death penalty.
The IS authorities have tried to clamp down on communications - but this doesn't seem to be effective.
There had been highly-monitored public points for internet access, but these too have been shut down.
But as the Iraqi forces advance on the city, internet providers have been boosting access in Mosul.
It means that in some parts of the city it has been possible to make contact, but this is being carried out in elaborate and extremely cautious ways to keep such links secret.
Such communication is described as being immensely dangerous, but there is a great hunger for news. A source says there is a "great risk of punishment", which would be execution.
There is said to be a huge amount of excitement about the approaching forces.
"People in Mosul are jubilant at the prospect of the city being liberated," says another local source.
This optimism, at the early stages of the battle, is said to outweigh fears of the loss of civilian lives and the destruction of buildings.
Tactics being used by the IS forces, such as digging tunnels, are seen as likely to be ineffective - and there is an expectation that they will be defeated.
Then there will be questions about reconstruction and rebuilding - and there are questions about whether professionals who have fled the city will really want to come back.
There are deep concerns about how the battle for Mosul might become a proxy for other sectarian disputes and score-settling, with so many opposing forces under the banner of the coalition attacking IS.
There are also fears that politicians, with their own militias, could exploit the battle for their own advantage.
Arguments also exist that this is a city exhausted by bloodshed and desperate for peace and moderation.
For two years of the IS occupation and for a decade before, there has been so much conflict, destruction and extremism.
Mosul has been "saturated with violence" and this long "trauma" must end.


A team of volunteers are returning to a city's streets for the first time in a year - armed with lollipops and flip-flops to help defuse any trouble.

The Norfolk Street Partnership (NSP), formerly known as the Street Pastors, aims to help those vulnerable on the streets of Norwich at night.
Reverend Deb Cousins said people find their work made a "big difference" but said the service had faced "cutbacks".
The team will offer flip-flops to women who "can't survive" the night in heels.
"So many lovely young girls who come up in high heels can't survive the evening," said Ms Cousins.
"It's the very practical aspect of giving them something flat to walk home in, without having to mind out if they stand on any glass."
The NSP is part of the Christian Nightlife Initiatives Network, an umbrella organisation for many charities and ministries working in the night-time economy.
Following a year of restructuring the team are now working towards being out every weekend.
Volunteers work in teams of four from 22:00 to 03:00 helping wayward clubbers and the homeless.
"The little that we do in the night-time economy seems to have made, over the years, a big difference to how people feel about themselves knowing there's someone who cares," said Ms Cousins.
"The Christian ecumenical work that it is isn't about pushing religion, but about putting it into practise by caring.
"Being friendly can make a big difference to to the people who are out - be it the clubbers or the rough sleepers.
"It's great to know such a simple thing has such a profound effect, we're part of a team that looking after the night-time economy and that's a great feeling."


Tropical Storm Bill has made landfall in Texas just weeks after deadly record floods washed out roads and caused towns to be evacuated.

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17 June 2015 Last updated at 01:04 BST
The National Hurricane Center in Miami has said the storm is weakening now that it has moved inland.
Because the Texas soil remains saturated from last month's historic rainfall, flooding problems are still possible.
BBC Weather reports.


Ten people have been sentenced for defrauding four pensioners from north Wales out of hundreds of thousands of pounds for non existent, poor or unnecessary building work.

They defrauded one person out of £650,000 and another victim was the late grandmother of actor Jude Law.
Meinwen Parry, 89, who died in March 2015, had paid out £60,000 for work which should have cost about £3,500.
Sentencing took place at Caernarfon Crown Court on Friday.
Judge Huw Rees said the level of greed was outstanding.
Stephen Jones, 38, from Llangefni, Anglesey, targeted Ms Parry's home at Bangor, Gwynedd.
He and Bedwyr Roberts, 35, from Bangor, also took £650,000 in life-savings from cancer patient John Bates between 2009-16, the court heard.
They were jailed for eight and six years respectively.
The offences centred around "extortionate" costs for roofing and building work undertaken in the Anglesey, Bangor and Conwy areas, said North Wales Police. The other defendants sentenced were:
After the hearing, investigating officer Det Con Catherine Walker said the case "demonstrated just how low some people will sink to exploit the vulnerable in our community".
"These were despicable acts where elderly, vulnerable people were deliberately targeted and deprived of their life savings.
"Money that was needed to ensure a comfortable retirement has seemingly vanished and at this point there seems little hope in tracing and returning it to its rightful owner."
She said: "Sadly, one of the victims has since passed away but I hope on their families' behalf, and for the other victims, they will at least take some degree of reassurance in today's sentencing."
Andrew Warman, senior crown prosecutor for the Crown Prosecution Service, said Jones had "harassed the victims for vastly inflated sums of money", returning to two of them repeatedly for more money.
"The devastating impact on the victims was made clear to the court and all the defendants have now faced the consequences of their actions," he said.


The UK government will "consider all options" after Easter, including direct rule, if talks to form a Northern Ireland Executive fail.

Northern Ireland Secretary James Brokenshire made the comment in the House of Commons on Tuesday.
However, Sinn Féin's Michelle O'Neill said the only option he was entitled to take was "to call an election".
"Direct rule is not an option," she said, adding that such a move would amount to "an act of bad faith".
Speaking at Westminster, Mr Brokenshire said in the absence of a devolved assembly, it was up to the government to provide "political stability".
However, he added that the government "did not want to see a return to direct rule".
On Monday, the secretary of state said there was a short window of opportunity for the talks.
He removed the prospect of a second snap election within weeks and told reporters that there was no appetite for another contest.
Mr Brokenshire told Westminster that he would bring legislation to the House of Commons after the Easter recess - on 18 April - depending on the outcome of the talks.
If they are successful, he said he would push forward laws to allow an assembly to be formed.
However, if they fail, he said he would "at a minimum" bring forward legislation to "set a regional rate to enable local councils to carry out their functions and to provide further assurance around the budget of Northern Ireland".
In response,  Sinn Féin's northern leader Michelle O'Neill said:  "There is only one option which the British secretary of state is entitled to take and that is to call an election."
She added: "There is no legal basis for any other course of action. And while parties may, or may not, want an election the fact is if the British secretary of state brings in new legislation to restore direct rule that will be an act of bad faith and a clear breach of an agreement between the Irish and British governments in 2006."
The talks collapsed on Sunday ahead of Monday's 16:00 BST deadline.
Issues like the Irish language and the legacy of the Troubles are the main sticking points.
In a memo to all his staff, the head of the Northern Ireland Civil Service Sir Malcolm McKibbin has promised to try to maintain a "business as usual" approach during what he describes as "this time of uncertainty".
Sir Malcolm confirmed the civil servants would use the limited powers open to them to keep funds flowing in order to carry out the essential work of delivering public services.
But he added that these powers were no substitute for a regular budget agreed by executive ministers.
The two biggest parties, the DUP and Sinn Féin, blamed each other for the breakdown in talks.
The political deadlock came after a snap election on 2 March brought an end to Stormont's unionist majority and the DUP's lead over Sinn Féin was cut from 10 seats to one.
Under Northern Ireland's power-sharing agreement, the executive must be jointly run by unionists and nationalists, with the largest party putting forward a candidate for first minister.
Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness quit as deputy first minister in January in protest against the DUP's handling of a botched green energy scheme.
The party said it would not share power with DUP leader Arlene Foster as first minister until the conclusion of a public inquiry into the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) scheme.
Mr McGuinness, who had been suffering from a rare heart condition, died last week at the age of 66.


Struggling Coventry City's off-field problems were further highlighted at the Ricoh Arena on Wednesday night as they attracted their lowest-ever crowd for a first-team game.

Only 1,338 spectators turned up for the EFL Trophy second-round tie against Crawley Town, which they won 1-0.
League gates have already dipped this season, with an average attendance more than 3,000 down on last season.
Sky Blues fans are unhappy at the way their club is run by owners Sisu.
Only one and a half stands were open at the 32,609-capacity stadium for the game against Crawley, with just 57 away fans making the trip.
The crowd was lower even than the 1,603 who watched City's game against Carlisle United in February 2014, during their season at Sixfields, Northampton - the club's previous lowest ever 'home' crowd.
Although attendance figures initially rose when City left Highfield Road for the Ricoh Arena in 2005, interest in the club has been decreasing steadily over the past decade, especially since relegation to League One in 2012.
The Sky Blues are in their fifth campaign in the third tier of English football - and only once has their average seasonal attendance increased in that time - last term's relatively successful campaign, when they briefly led League One under Tony Mowbray before falling away to finish eighth.
Under interim manager Mark Venus, they are currently in the relegation zone, in 21st place, after four straight league defeats.
Relegation would take the club to their lowest place in the Football League since winning promotion from the old Division Four in 1959.
City fans, who boycotted home games in the year at Northampton, have become increasingly dispirited this season.
At the recent home fixture against MK Dons, they staged a mock funeral procession "in affectionate remembrance of Coventry City Football Club which is dying due to neglect and abuse at the hands of Sisu from 2007 to 2016".
They also joined in with equally disaffected Charlton Athletic supporters in the joint 'pigs might fly' pitch protest in the away match at The Valley in October.
Coventry have had some success in the Football League Trophy, reaching the two-leg Northern final in 2012-13, before going out in the Southern semis in 2014-15.
However, there appears to be less interest generally in this season's revamped competition, and Coventry's two previous home ties this season each attracted just over 2,000 fans.
But prior to this season, City's average home attendance in the Trophy was 12,284.
2012-13: Beaten Northern section finalists
2013-14: Knocked out in second round (no home tie)
2014-15: Beaten Southern section semi-finalists
2015-16: Knocked out in second round (no home tie)
2016-17: Last 16


Supporters of Scottish independence now have a "golden opportunity" to re-cast their economic case in the wake of the Brexit vote, according to one of the most senior critics of the 2014 plans.

Sir Nicholas Macpherson has proposed a separate Scottish currency.
He also suggested that a big shift in tax and spending would probably require low taxes and a smaller, more efficient state sector.
Sir Nicholas was the top civil servant at the Treasury in Whitehall.
In that role, he took the unprecedented step two years ago of publicising his advice to ministers about the risks of the UK breaking up.
He is now an academic at King's College London, and writing in the Financial Times, he set out ways in which the case for independence within the European Union could now be significantly stronger.
Sir Nicholas argued that supporters of independence should plan for a separate Scottish currency with a central bank to back it up.
Over time, that could lead to convergence with the euro currency, though the experience of Sweden shows that could be avoided.
He repeated his view from 2014 that the Treasury would not have done a deal on sharing control over sterling with an independent administration at Holyrood.
But he said an independent Scotland in Europe would "have no interest in seeking to tie its currency to a country that wishes to put more distance between itself and the EU".
Other economists have warned of the problem facing an independent Scotland if it broke away from use of sterling currency, given that it sells far more into the English, Welsh and Northern Irish markets than it does to the rest of the world.
The former Treasury mandarin suggested an independent Scotland could poach financial services work from London, though it might lose the headquarters of the Royal Bank of Scotland. That would mean a reduced state exposure to the risks carried by RBS.
Sir Nicholas repeated his warnings of the 2014 independence plans being over-optimistic about tax revenue, particularly from oil production.
But he said the work is being done to build credibility for the Scottish government's financial management, with its own independent fiscal council.
He wrote: "There is now a much better opportunity for informed debate about public finances, taking into account changing North Sea oil production levels and wider demographic trends.
"The Scottish government can strengthen its credibility by setting out long-term plans for public services, public investment and social security, in particular pensions.
It also has a chance for major tax reform, aimed at attracting inward investment and highly skilled migrants, but as that would mean low business and income tax rates, "it may also point to a smaller, more efficient state".
Scottish Finance Secretary Derek Mackay said they were "quite remarkable comments" from someone who had previously been a "fierce critic" of independence.
"I think that confirms much of what the SNP government had been saying about the economic strength that Scotland had and also the economic opportunity we now have in trying to continue Scotland's place within Europe," he told the BBC.
"I think there's a number of people that have reconsidered their position in light of the Brexit vote and how Scotland has voted with such a huge margin to remain within the EU."
But Mr Mackay added that he disagreed with Sir Nicholas's suggestion to make Scotland a low tax, small state economy.
Labour MP and former Scottish shadow secretary Ian Murray said the Financial Times article just piled "uncertainty on top of the uncertainty".
"What Sir Nicholas Macpherson has actually done is just reopened all the arguments from 2014 about currency, about central banks and the economic arguments for independence - which is much, much weaker today than it was indeed in 2014, and much weaker today than the day before the referendum on the European Union."
He said the proposals would mean an independent Scotland operating with a different currency to its biggest trading partner - the UK - and "slashing public services to pay for it".


Idrissa Sylla netted an injury-time winner as QPR came from behind to beat Hull City at Loftus Road.

Jarrod Bowen had given the Tigers the lead 10 minutes before half-time against the run of play.
QPR substitute Matt Smith levelled from Luke Freeman's ball in, after Sylla had seen an effort hit the post and cannon behind off Hull keeper Allan McGregor.
Sylla then popped up to finish off after Conor Washington's shot had looped into his path.
There was still time for Hull to go close to earning a share of the points, but Smith was on hand again as he cleared Michael Hector's header off the line.
QPR had made most of the early running and Freeman should have put them ahead but fired wide from 10 yards.
Hull made the most of that let-off when Bowen - who had earlier been denied by Alex Smithies - grabbed his second goal in four matches, converting David Meyler's cross.
Smith's introduction gave the QPR attack a new focal point and he had already manufactured a couple of headers on goal before finding the net from Freeman's cross.
Rangers' winner also came from the direct route, as Smithies, who also brilliantly denied Seb Larsson, launched a ball to Washington, who lofted it over McGregor for Sylla to profit.
Queens Park Rangers manager Ian Holloway:
"They are in a great place at the moment. That was character. James Perch did his knee and I wanted him to come off and he wouldn't come off.
"I should be happy about that but part of me wants to tell him off for not doing as he was told. It shows the spirit we've got.
"They're learning as a group and I'm loving what they're doing at the moment. I think our identity's coming. It won't be the best looking at times but we're going to build a name for ourselves for not giving in."
Hull City boss Leonid Slutsky:
"It is very hard for us because we lost players before this game and now we have lost two more.
"Of course I am very disappointed. It's a very difficult time for us - a very difficult period.
"We played with maximum energy and showed willpower, but it is a very difficult time. We will keep on fighting."
Match ends, Queens Park Rangers 2, Hull City 1.
Second Half ends, Queens Park Rangers 2, Hull City 1.
Matt Smith (Queens Park Rangers) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Matt Smith (Queens Park Rangers).
Allan McGregor (Hull City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. Conor Washington (Queens Park Rangers) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Luke Freeman.
Foul by Idrissa Sylla (Queens Park Rangers).
Max Clark (Hull City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Kamil Grosicki (Hull City) header from very close range misses to the left. Assisted by Jarrod Bowen with a cross following a corner.
Attempt missed. Kamil Grosicki (Hull City) left footed shot from very close range misses to the left following a corner.
Attempt saved. Ondrej Mazuch (Hull City) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Attempt blocked. Michael Hector (Hull City) header from the left side of the six yard box is blocked. Assisted by Jarrod Bowen with a cross.
Corner,  Hull City. Conceded by Josh Scowen.
Idrissa Sylla (Queens Park Rangers) is shown the yellow card for excessive celebration.
Goal!  Queens Park Rangers 2, Hull City 1. Idrissa Sylla (Queens Park Rangers) left footed shot from very close range to the bottom right corner.
Attempt saved. Sebastian Larsson (Hull City) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Kamil Grosicki with a through ball.
Foul by Massimo Luongo (Queens Park Rangers).
Max Clark (Hull City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Jarrod Bowen (Hull City) left footed shot from the left side of the box is too high. Assisted by Adama Diomande.
Allan McGregor (Hull City) is shown the yellow card.
Foul by Pawel Wszolek (Queens Park Rangers).
Jarrod Bowen (Hull City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Queens Park Rangers. Conceded by Michael Hector.
Nedum Onuoha (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Adama Diomande (Hull City).
Attempt missed. Ola Aina (Hull City) left footed shot from outside the box is too high. Assisted by Kamil Grosicki with a headed pass.
Foul by Idrissa Sylla (Queens Park Rangers).
Jarrod Bowen (Hull City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
James Perch (Queens Park Rangers) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Delay in match James Perch (Queens Park Rangers) because of an injury.
Delay in match David Meyler (Hull City) because of an injury.
Foul by James Perch (Queens Park Rangers).
David Meyler (Hull City) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Conor Washington (Queens Park Rangers).
Ola Aina (Hull City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Goal!  Queens Park Rangers 1, Hull City 1. Matt Smith (Queens Park Rangers) header from very close range to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Luke Freeman with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Queens Park Rangers. Conceded by Allan McGregor.
Idrissa Sylla (Queens Park Rangers) hits the left post with a left footed shot from the centre of the box.
Jake Bidwell (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.


A US woman died after a "wrong turn" when she ran out of water while hiking with her daughter and niece in the Grand Canyon, her husband has said.

Sarah Beadle, 38, had left the girls "in a safe location while she went ahead to get water and some help", Scott Beadle wrote online.
Park rangers suspect the emergency room physician became lost and died from heat exhaustion on the Arizona trail.
Other hikers found the girls in good condition and brought them to camp.
Mrs Beadle's daughter had been "feeling dizzy from heat exhaustion and they had run out of water", her husband said, explaining why she had set out alone.
"Somewhere along the trail she made a wrong turn and got lost. The park rangers suspect she died of heat exhaustion."
"Sarah loved travelling with her family and sharing so many wonderful experiences with all of us," Mr Beadle wrote on Facebook.
The National Park Service confirmed that a woman's body was found on Wednesday less than a mile from the Phantom Ranch along the South Kaibab Trail.
She had been hiking on one of two trails which hikers can take to trek to the bottom of the 6,000ft deep (1,800m) canyon.
But Kirby Shedlowski of the National Parks Service told WFAA-TV that although the South Kaibab trail is shorter, "that trail has limited shade and no water accessibility on it".
Rescuers, who had been searching since 1 August, found her backpack near the junction of the South Kaibab Trail and River Trail, officials said.
The Baylor Emergency Medical Center of Keller in Fort Worth, Texas, where she worked as an emergency physician, said that she "was a beloved member of our team and she'll be missed by all with whom she came in contact, having worked at the medical centre for a year and a half".
The National Park Service and the Coconino County Medical Examiner in Arizona are conducting an investigation.


The US military has said its controversial Thaad missile defence system successfully shot down a target during a test over the Pacific Ocean.

Thaad, or Terminal High Altitude Area Defense, halted a simulated, ballistic intermediate-range missile like the ones being developed by North Korea.
The test was planned months ago, but comes amid rising tension with North Korea over its weapons programme.
Pyongyang claimed it has tested a series of missiles in recent weeks.
On 4 July, Pyongyang said it had carried out its first successful test of an inter-continental ballistic missile (ICBM). It said the Hwasong-14 could hit "any part of the world", but the US military described it as an intermediate-range missile.
North Korea has repeatedly defied a UN resolution banning all nuclear and missile activity, and has ramped up the pace of its tests in recent months.
"The successful demonstration of Thaad against an IRBM-range missile threat bolsters the country's defensive capability against developing missile threats in North Korea and other countries," the US Missile Defense Agency said in a statement on Tuesday.
The ground-based system, designed to intercept short, medium and intermediate ballistic missiles, has hit its target all 14 intercept attempts since testing began more than a decade ago, but the latest test was the first ever success against an IRBM, according to US officials.
In Tuesday's test in Kodiak, Alaska, Thaad shot down a ballistic missile target launched from a C-17 aircraft flying north of Hawaii, according to the agency.
The US has installed Thaad in Guam and at a former golf course in South Korea, amid angry protests.
South Koreans in central county of Seongju, where the system is located, believe it is a potential target for attacks and endangers the lives of those living nearby.
China also strongly opposes the system, believing it interferes with the security of its own military operations.
Earlier this month, both Beijing and Moscow urged the US to end its deployment of Thaad in South Korea.
When the announcement of the Thaad deployment was made last year, North Korea promised a "physical response", with state media expressing the "unwavering will of our army to deal a ruthless retaliatory strike".
The US Missile Defense Agency told lawmakers in June it plans to deploy more than 50 Thaad systems to the US Army between October 2017 and September 2018.
What impact will S Korea's expanded missile defence system have?
1. The enemy launches a missile
2. The Thaad radar system detects the launch, which is relayed to command and control
3. Thaad command and control instructs the launch of an interceptor missile
4. The interceptor missile is fired at the enemy projectile
5. The enemy projectile is destroyed in the terminal phase of flight
The launcher trucks can hold up to eight interceptor missiles.


Liverpool's £8.5m move for QPR striker Loic Remy has collapsed.

The Merseyside club are refusing to comment on the reasons behind the deal falling through but it is understood there has been an issue with the 27-year-old's medical.
Remy flew to the United States, where Liverpool are touring, on Monday.
The Reds' bid had activated a release clause in the contract of the player, who last year scored 14 goals on loan at Newcastle United.
They had planned to give Remy the number seven shirt and he had waited in the US for the best part of a week for the deal to be confirmed. The move will not be resurrected and Remy now faces the prospect of a return to QPR.
Remy was part of the France squad that reached the quarter-finals of the 2014 Fifa World Cup in Brazil, appearing as a substitute against Ecuador and Germany.
He made 26 Premier League appearances for Newcastle last season but only played four of the final 11 games as he struggled with a calf injury.
Remy moved to Newcastle on loan after QPR's relegation from the Premier League in 2013.
Remy joined QPR during their last top-flight spell, making an £8m switch from French club Marseille in January 2013.
He scored six league goals for the west London club but could not stop them being relegated that season.
QPR regained their Premier League status at the first attempt by beating Derby in the Championship play-off final in May.


Train passengers in Scotland's central belt face six weeks of disruption from this weekend when work begins on the Winchburgh tunnel.

The closure of the tunnel near Linlithgow in West Lothian will mean rail services between Edinburgh and Glasgow will be severely hit.
The work is part of a Â£750m upgrade to enable faster, bigger and greener electric trains to run on the line.
The disruption will last from 13 June to 27 July.
Engineers said the tunnel closure was necessary so tracks could be lowered to create space for overhead power lines for the new trains, which will be introduced at the end of next year.
The upgrade is the latest phase of the Scottish government's Edinburgh Glasgow Improvement Programme (EGIP).
Train operator ScotRail has a dedicated website to advise on the disruption, which will mainly hit travel between Glasgow - or Stirling/Dunblane - and Edinburgh but it will also have a knock-on effect in areas such as the Fife Circle.
Many passengers will have longer journeys or bus replacements. ScotRail advised passengers to add at least 30 minutes to their planned journey times.
The closure will mean passengers looking to travel end-to-end from Glasgow to Edinburgh will no longer be able to take a train from Queen Street high level platforms, as the trains will only go as far as Linlithgow.
Instead, they will have to switch to the slower Queen Street low level trains or travel on the longer route from Glasgow Central Station.
ScotRail said the main routes affected would be:
In addition, the following services will be busier than normal in both directions:
How will you be affected by the work?
Rodger Querns, programme director of EGIP for Network Rail, said the tunnel work over the next six weeks would see the track removed and the floor of the tunnel lowered to create headroom to install new electrification equipment.
He said: "We can't avoid the work in Winchburgh tunnel. We do appreciate the inconvenience this will cause passengers. We have planned the work meticulously and are working hard to minimise that disruption.
"We are working round-the-clock. We have engineers on the site 24/7 to get the railway back running as planned on 27 July."
Phil Verster, managing director of train operator ScotRail Alliance, said: "The EGIP programme is a Â£750m investment in this very important corridor between Edinburgh and Glasgow.
"It electrifies the line and the magnificent benefit it brings for our customers is we are going to have longer trains, about 30% more capacity, shorter journeys because we are going to run trains faster and shave about eight to 10 minutes off a 50-minute journey time, and it is going to be greener as well.
"So on all counts it is good for customers and good for the country."
About 150 years ago when this tunnel was built the challenge was creating enough headroom to allow the funnels of steam locomotives to fit through as they thundered along the track.
Today the challenge is about making enough space for the overhead lines for electric trains.
The engineers can't go up so they have to go down, dropping the level of the entire track.
Some have questioned why the rail improvement work was taking place at the same time as major upgrades to the road network in Central Scotland.
Work on the Â£500m M8 M73 M74 Motorway Improvements Project in Lanarkshire is already leading to disruption as traffic restrictions are in force.
Transport Minister Derek Mackay advised people to plan their journeys and assured them it would be worth it.
He said: "For both the road and rail network the best time to do it would be over the summer. That's when the least people will be travelling.
"These are major improvements and they are necessary improvements. We can't just let the infrastructure disintegrate.
"This is better than that. It is not just maintenance, it is upgrading of our rail and road infrastructure so it is fit for the future and can unlock even more economic potential and improve the connections in our country."
Mr Querns said the EGIP project would continue on sections of the line over the next year but most of the work would be carried out at night.
He said: "Next year we will be working in the Queen Street tunnel clearing that for electrification in April 2016."
Mr Verster said Glasgow Queen Street would be "transformed" by the changes, with the whole concourse being remodelled.
He said: "It will put Glasgow Queen Street on a par with what we have at St Pancras or King's Cross. It is going to be absolutely stunning."


A Labour supporter told a Conservative general election candidate that "assassination was too good for him" and told him to jump off a high bridge.

Julian Isaacs, 59, admitted sending threatening Facebook messages to former MP Oliver Colvile in May at Plymouth Magistrates Court.
Afterwards Mr Colvile slammed the sentence of 80 hours community service.
Isaacs was also ordered to pay £85 costs and an £85 victim surcharge.
More on MP threatened and other Devon stories
Speaking afterwards, Mr Colvile, who was MP for Plymouth Sutton and Devonport from 2010 until May, criticised the sentence, saying: "It's appalling. It's a form of terrorism.
"He should be sent to prison."
The court heard that Isaacs, of Stonehouse, Plymouth, made the comments in response to a post by Mr Colvile on his Facebook page during the election campaign.
In one message he told him to jump off the Tamar Bridge that crosses between Devon and Cornwall.
"I did mean it literally," Isaac said.
"I do not regret anything".
The court heard he told police he had made the posts "in the pub after a couple of beers."
The Exeter University student also told police "feelings were running high" in the run-up to the election and he meant "no harm" to Mr Colvile.
He told officers he is a "pacifist who abhors violence" and it was "a joke that was not funny".
Ministers have announced an inquiry into intimidation of election candidates.


Guernsey have retained their Island Games team table tennis title after beating Gotland 4-2 in Jersey.

Guernsey won gold in 2011, the last time table tennis was included in the sports programme for the Island Games.
Alice Loveridge won her women's singles match and teamed up with Dawn Morgan and Garry Dodd for doubles wins.
Dodd beat Bjorn Axelsson 3-1 in the singles, but lost to Nisse Lundberg, who also beat Alex Robinson 3-0 in the opening men's singles match.
Gotland and Guernsey have shared the table tennis gold medals between them for the past decade.
Gotland took gold in 2009, when Guernsey were third, and beat the Sarnians in the 2007 final.
That victory was revenge for the 2005 final, when Guernsey beat the Swedish island.Island hotshots increase medal tally
Jonathan De La Haye won Jersey's seventh shooting gold medal at the 2015 Island Games.
De La Haye took top spot in the men's individual sport trap, beating Dan Bishop of the Isle of Wight by a single point with Guernsey's Andrew Ashplant getting the bronze.
Sarah Campion and Susan De Gruchy won silver in the women's 100 yards prone rifle team event, finishing 15 points behind eventual winners Isle of Man.
Fellow Jersey shooter Caroline De La Haye won bronze in the women's individual sport trap.
Guernsey's Jacek Hanca has won silver in the 50m free pistol, finishing 13 points off Matthew Reed from the Isle of Wight.
Sark celebrated a second shooting medal as Nick Dewe returned to the podium. Dewe, who won team automatic ball trap bronze on Monday, took silver in the individual event.


Ross McCormack scored the winner for an under-par Aston Villa against Burton.

The hosts took an early lead when Leandro Bacuna headed home a deep Albert Adomah cross.
Jamie Ward then levelled for the visitors with an acrobatic volley from 12 yards out.
Lloyd Dyer hit the post as Burton dominated the second half, but they were made to pay for their wastefulness when McCormack tapped home after Jordan Ayew's cross.
Defeat was harsh on the Brewers, who had the better of the game after former Villa trainee Ward levelled before the break.
They nearly salvaged a point in the last second when Mark Bunn produced a superb save from Tom Naylor's header.
Villa, who improved once Ayew had replaced Mile Jedinak, remain unbeaten at home and are now 10th in the table.
Nigel Clough's men have lost their last four league games and are two points above the relegation zone.
Aston Villa boss Steve Bruce:
"We were probably fortunate to win. We had the better chances but we found it a bit of a struggle.
"I do not think anyone who watched the match will think differently. If we are going to go forward our football has got to be better.
"We have tried to breathe a bit of life into the players. It has not been easy after the club had an awful start to the season.
Burton Albion boss Nigel Clough:
"We have produced some outstanding performances in our last four games which we have lost by the odd goal.
"It is especially galling and we do not deserve it. But that is the ruthless nature of the Championship and we have to get on with it.
"We forced their goalkeeper into a few saves, two very good ones late in the game. To come in at half-time at Villa Park having had more possession and more shots was very pleasing."
Match ends, Aston Villa 2, Burton Albion 1.
Second Half ends, Aston Villa 2, Burton Albion 1.
Corner,  Burton Albion. Conceded by Mark Bunn.
Attempt saved. John Brayford (Burton Albion) header from the left side of the six yard box is saved in the top centre of the goal. Assisted by Matthew Palmer with a cross.
John Mousinho (Burton Albion) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Jordan Ayew (Aston Villa).
Matthew Palmer (Burton Albion) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jordan Ayew (Aston Villa).
Corner,  Aston Villa. Conceded by Tom Naylor.
Substitution, Burton Albion. Stuart Beavon replaces Damien McCrory.
Matthew Palmer (Burton Albion) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Albert Adomah (Aston Villa).
Attempt blocked. Lloyd Dyer (Burton Albion) left footed shot from the left side of the box is blocked. Assisted by Chris O'Grady.
Offside, Aston Villa. Gabriel Agbonlahor tries a through ball, but Albert Adomah is caught offside.
Substitution, Aston Villa. Gabriel Agbonlahor replaces Jonathan Kodjia.
Attempt blocked. John Brayford (Burton Albion) right footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked. Assisted by Lucas Akins.
John Mousinho (Burton Albion) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jonathan Kodjia (Aston Villa).
Matthew Palmer (Burton Albion) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jonathan Kodjia (Aston Villa).
Offside, Burton Albion. Lloyd Dyer tries a through ball, but Chris O'Grady is caught offside.
Attempt missed. Jonathan Kodjia (Aston Villa) right footed shot from the left side of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Jordan Ayew.
Goal!  Aston Villa 2, Burton Albion 1. Ross McCormack (Aston Villa) right footed shot from the left side of the six yard box to the high centre of the goal.
Attempt saved. Chris O'Grady (Burton Albion) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Matthew Palmer.
Lucas Akins (Burton Albion) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by James Chester (Aston Villa).
Substitution, Aston Villa. Jordan Ayew replaces Mile Jedinak.
Offside, Aston Villa. Ross McCormack tries a through ball, but Jonathan Kodjia is caught offside.
Foul by Matthew Palmer (Burton Albion).
Jack Grealish (Aston Villa) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Lloyd Dyer (Burton Albion) hits the left post with a left footed shot from outside the box. Assisted by Lucas Akins.
Foul by Chris O'Grady (Burton Albion).
Mile Jedinak (Aston Villa) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Burton Albion. Conceded by Alan Hutton.
Attempt blocked. Lloyd Dyer (Burton Albion) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by John Brayford with a cross.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Substitution, Burton Albion. Lee Williamson replaces Jamie Ward because of an injury.
Delay in match Jamie Ward (Burton Albion) because of an injury.
Corner,  Aston Villa. Conceded by John Mousinho.
Jamie Ward (Burton Albion) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.


England captain Wayne Rooney secured his place in history when he elevated himself above World Cup-winning legend Sir Bobby Charlton as his country's highest goalscorer - but is he the greatest?

He now stands ahead of the 77-year-old Manchester United great, who scored his 49 goals in 106 appearance and ex-Tottenham Hotspur forward Gary Lineker, who scored 48 goals in 80 games for England.
Listen to Wayne Rooney on BBC Radio 5 live.
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This argument will always be framed by one significant factor. Charlton is one of only 11 England players to win a World Cup - and was pivotal in that triumph.
Charlton illuminated England's summer of '66, scoring the famous thunderbolt against Mexico in the group games then twice in the semi-final against Portugal at Wembley before final victory against West Germany.
He retained his importance in Mexico four years later when manager Sir Alf Ramsey's decided to withdraw him to preserve energy for the semi-final. This is regarded as the defining moment when what seemed certain victory from two goals up was transformed into 3-2 defeat against West Germany in the quarter-final in Leon.
Rooney's three World Cups in 2006, 2010 and 2014 have all been disappointments - but are there mitigating circumstances that can be used in his defence?
Charlton was surrounded by a genuine world-class "Golden Generation" of England players such as goalkeeper Gordon Banks, the late Bobby Moore and Alan Ball as well as World Cup final hat-trick hero Sir Geoff Hurst.
The status of World Cup winners gave that England side an aura that Rooney has never enjoyed, perhaps increasing the personal pressure that brought 11 yellow cards and two reds compared to Charlton's clean record.
Charlton also had the consistency of selection so dear to Ramsey, with effectively only five real changes to the first-choice England line-up between 1966 and 1970. Only Keith Newton, Terry Cooper, Brian Labone, Alan Mullery and Francis Lee replaced George Cohen, Jack Charlton, Nobby Stiles and Roger Hunt and no thought of the experimentation seen today.
He figured in an era of either no or limited substitutions whereas later years have brought about the games of wholesale changes.  Rooney has been substituted 55 times while Charlton was only taken off on five occasions.
Rooney has figured alongside 100 different England players since making his debut as a 17-year-old against Australia at Upton Park on 13 February 2003.
He has had 23 of what could be reasonably termed as strike partners, from former Arsenal and Everton player Francis Jeffers in his first game, to Leicester City's Jamie Vardy in San Marino on Saturday.
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None of England's team or substitutes from his debut play in the Premier League today, apart from Rooney himself, who will be 30 in October.
The generation around Rooney, such as David Beckham, Frank Lampard and Steven Gerrard, also failed to deliver on the biggest international stage - and how significant was Paul Scholes' decision to retire from England duty after Euro 2004?
Rooney and Scholes were a natural fit at club level. How much more could Rooney have achieved for England with the assistance and partnership of that world-class figure?
History, however, will surely suggest Charlton remains a more significant and influential figure than Rooney. The World Cup medal seals that argument.
Charlton, in addition, was not a striker, scoring goals initially from a wide position then as a deeper-lying playmaker, which makes his 49 goals arguably even more creditable.
Rooney edged ahead of Gary Lineker's 48 goals to close in on Charlton but, despite his wonderful achievement, the latter must still hold sway in terms of England greatness.
Lineker was a Golden Boot winner with six goals at the 1986 World Cup in Mexico, adding four goals at Italia 90, including the equaliser in the semi-final that England eventually lost on penalties to West Germany.
Rooney has scored only one goal in 11 appearances in the World Cup finals, against Uruguay in Brazil. Lineker's England goals came at a rate of one every 136 minutes compared to  162.5 minutes for the Manchester United forward. Charlton scored his at one every 193 minutes.
He also has only one assist, although he has created 18 chances in those three World Cups, whereas Lineker made an indelible mark in 1986. Ten goals in 12 games at a finals is an outstanding record.
Rooney deserves huge respect and admiration for his feats and, while this is not a criticism, he still comes in behind Charlton and Lineker.
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If Rooney's England career will be defined by anything other than his goal record, it will be his mystifying failure to transform his brilliant natural talent to a major tournament with England, after "Roo-mania", as a 17-year-old at Euro 2004.
Rooney has suffered a mixture of circumstances from pre-tournament injuries, suspension and subsequent red cards - but nothing can disguise that he has not delivered his full potential after that glorious Portuguese summer.
In Germany in 2006, he arrived at England's Baden Baden HQ, declared fit after a broken foot, with the words: "The Big Man is back in town".
But he never looked in shape, missing the first game against Paraguay before coming on as a second-half substitute in the second game against Trinidad and Tobago.
He was then isolated in a lone striking role after Michael Owen suffered a serious knee injury against Sweden and perhaps a combination of all these frustrations led to his red card for stamping on Ricardo Carvalho in the quarter-final loss to Portugal.
The campaign in South Africa four years later was a miserable, joyless affair locked away in the infamous "Camp Capello" at the Royal Bafokeng Sports Campus in Rustenburg.
Rooney, along with John Terry, almost became a symbol for Fabio Capello's austere regime as he described his typical day as "breakfast, training, lunch, bed, dinner, bed." Adding for good measure "there are only so many games of darts and snooker you can play".
It led to a series of wretched personal performances and a World Cup best remembered for his ill-advised criticism of England's fans into a television camera after a horror show against Algeria in Cape Town.
In the 2012 Euros in Poland and Ukraine he missed England's group games against France and Sweden while serving a ban after picking up a red card for kicking Montenegro defender Miodrag Dzudovic in a stormy qualifier in Podgorica.
He scored the winner against co-hosts Ukraine in Donetsk but once again looked out of condition, not helped by inactivity and an unwise decision to take pre-tournament holiday in Las Vegas - a decision he now accepts was a mistake.
Rooney's 2014 World Cup campaign in Brazil saw him as one of the few players not to seriously damage his reputation as England crashed out at the group stage after losses to Italy and Uruguay.
It was also not Rooney's fault that long-time allies such as Gerrard and Lampard found Brazil 2014 a World Cup too far.
Rooney was one of England's better players and his willingness to play a left-flank role to accommodate Raheem Sterling against Italy was testimony to his team ethic.
Striking at the heart of soft opponents is another charge levelled at Rooney - harsh and one he does not deserve.
Rooney has scored five goals against San Marino and three against Kazakhstan but he can hardly be blamed for the opposition presented to him.
Twenty eight of his goals have come against countries that did not actually exist when Charlton played, such as those coming out of the break-up of the old Soviet Union and Yugoslavia or those such as San Marino, who were not an international team then.
Charlton played more friendlies than Rooney - 49 as opposed to 41 - and also had his share of what could be called "soft-touch" goals such as a hat-trick against the USA in May 1959 and five in two World Cup qualifiers against Luxembourg in October 1960 and September 1961.
He also scored hat-tricks in an 8-0 friendly rout of Mexico at Wembley in May 1961 and the 8-1 win in Switzerland in June 1963.
Rooney, who only scored 14 goals in friendlies compared to Charlton's 22, has a record that is testimony to his endurance and importance. It should not been downplayed by accusations about the level of opposition.
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Rooney's achievements must not be downplayed and he fully deserves a place in history. The goals are in the record books. The Rooney story is the narrative of England's last decade.
He has been present in dark times as well as light, the consummate competitor, dressing room inspiration, team man and the England player opponents feared most.
From Sven-Goran Eriksson through to Steve McClaren, Fabio Capello and Roy Hodgson, every England manager has wanted Rooney in his team - which speaks eloquently for his importance.
And Rooney has eclipsed a record that outstanding England strikers such as Lineker, Alan Shearer and Michael Owen found beyond them.
Rooney's place has occasionally been questioned but has there ever been a serious and credible argument to suggest England would have even been better off without him?
Before his record-equalling game in San Marino, England had played 105 games with Rooney and 41 without him. The win percentage without him (65.9%) may be greater than that with him (59.4%) but his record on the pitch reflects his importance.
The lack of impact at major tournaments, unlike Charlton and Lineker, may leave him just short of the coveted status of a true England great, and in a worldwide context short of Barcelona's Lionel Messi and Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo.
Rooney is, though, the finest England player of his generation, an attacker who excelled at this elite level. He has a place in history that is well deserved and a landmark that serves as a proud monument to his international career.


A cuckoo that provided more data about the birds' migratory patterns than any other has most likely taken his final journey, conservationists have said.

Scientists from Norfolk-based British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) had been following Chris the cuckoo since satellite-tagging him in 2011.
However, the bird, named after wildlife presenter Chris Packham, was reported "missing in action" last month.
The bird had most likely "perished in the Sahara Desert", the BTO said.
It was part of a project aimed at tracking the species' migration, set up in an attempt to determine why the cuckoo population has declined by 65% in the last 25 years.
The bird was one of 16 being tracked as they made the annual 5,000-mile journey south to Africa for the winter.
However, five-year-old Chris had been the only one to have consistently provided UK scientists with migration data since being fitted with his solar-powered satellite-tracking tag.
Chris Packham said the bird's data was "vital" in helping to understand the cuckoos' decline.
It left its Suffolk nesting site on 4 July but poor communication in August from its tag led to concern about its fate.
"It is pretty clear now that Chris the Cuckoo... is no longer alive, having succumbed in the desert areas of northern Chad," a BTO spokesman said.
"Cuckoos have faired badly this year due to a cold and wet UK summer.
"Chris therefore started his migration in less than ideal fitness and would have then encountered very challenging drought conditions in Italy on his way to Africa.
"It's therefore not surprising that he perished in the middle of the Sahara Desert."


Scores of people are competing for the chance to become the 2014 Scalextric World Champion.

Organisers expect about 100 competitors to gather in West Sussex to take part in the final round of the championship.
They aim to beat Australian Peter Dimmers, currently the world leader after completing 10 laps of a 28ft (8.55m) circuit in 23.12 seconds.
"That is really quick," said organiser Andy Player, joint founder of Worthing HO Racing.
Mr Player founded the slot car club, which meets at the English Martyrs Church Hall in Goring-By-Sea, with Robin Cornwall in 2010.
Saturday's competition, which will decide the winner of the 2014 Scalextric World Championship, follows similar rounds in Singapore, Barbados and Australia.
Previous UK rounds have been in Devon, Moray, Kent and at the Heritage Motor Museum in Warwickshire and Maldon Motor Show in Essex.
Mr Player said he expected most of Saturday's competitors to come from the Sussex area.
Six at a time will race against each other using the same layout, the same 1/64th scale cars and the same controllers as the other championship events.
The fastest time recorded in Worthing will take its place on the world leader board.
Mr Player, an official adjudicator for Scalextric, which is based in Margate, Kent, said he did not expect Mr Dimmers' time to be beaten but some of the Worthing contenders might come close.
He said some of the best racers were in their early teens.
"Often they have got far better hand-eye co-ordination and reflexes than their parents," he said.
"One of our youngsters came ninth in the World Championships last year with a time of 29 seconds.
"I think his dad will make sure he competes this time."


As National Football League commissioner Roger Goodell stepped to the podium for his annual pre-Super Bowl address, he could have done worse than invoke the Queen's speech of 1992 in which HRH Elizabeth II referred to the events of the previous 12 months as an 'annus horribilis'.

For this has been the worst year on this, or indeed any other, commissioner's watch.
As the league closes in on an annual revenue of £16bn ($25bn), expansion plans into Europe and specifically London, continue apace.
And as Goodell tops up his bank balance with a yearly income in the region of £26m ($40m), the professional game of American Football is more popular and yet, some would argue, more contemptible than ever.
Fifty NFL players were arrested in 2014 for a wide degree of offences - from Tennessee's Shonn Greene, who parked in a disabled parking bay, to Minnesota's Adrian Peterson, who was arrested over child abuse.
There were five cases of domestic violence, including that of Baltimore's Ray Rice, who was filmed by hotel security punching his then fiancee - now wife - in a lift.
Goodell himself became personally embroiled in the Rice case in an argument over what the NFL did or did not know.
There was also a far-reaching report chaired by the former director of the FBI, Robert Mueller, which highlighted the fundamental mismanagement of the situation by league officials.
And the bad news kept on coming for the embattled commissioner.
Just 30 days into 2015, there have been four fresh player arrests, including two for domestic violence and one for rape.
Elsewhere, it is a sorry tale:
Yet despite all this mayhem and chaos the NFL, as a product, is flourishing.
The moral outrage surrounding the cases of Rice and Peterson calmed down fairly quickly and audiences flocked yet again to stadiums around the country.
More than 17m attended the 256 regular season games, the highest figure since 2008, while television audiences hit record highs.
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While youth participation figures are down over concerns surrounding long-term brain damage caused by concussion, NFL fans are embracing the game like never before, both within the United States and globally.
The annual Harris Report, which tracks the popularity of American sports, says the NFL is still number one by a huge margin - double the popularity of Major League Baseball and College Football.
A report released this week by the sports market research group Repucom also makes some interesting claims, notably that:
Most of the television networks that broadcast the NFL had audiences tuning in in greater numbers than in 2013, while the figures for both Thursday and Monday Night Football were up significantly.
More than 47m people watched the NFL's annual College Draft, yet not one pass was thrown or one tackle made. There were also 9.6m tweets about the event across its three days.
Nielsen, who gather audience ratings in the US, reported extremely strong numbers for the very first 9.30am EST kick-off between Detroit and Atlanta in London, so much so that the NFL will repeat the experiment next season.
Although some fans showed their disdain for Rice, Peterson and others arrested last year by returning their replica shirts, many still turned up wearing Rice's number 27 jersey and Peterson's number 28 long after their cases made the national press.
Despite everything, the NFL remains America's game. So why the appeal in the face of growing off-field problems?
Simply put, the NFL is full of great stories, exceptional games and, most importantly, great players. The college version of the game is flourishing as well.
Elsewhere in America, the other two major professional leagues - the National Basketball Association (NBA) and Major League Baseball (MLB) - have suffered with falling television ratings and general popularity over the past few years.
Baseball's lack of true star power means it has fallen out of the national conversation, arguably since 1998 and the infamous home-run record chase between Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa, who have subsequently become embroiled in steroid controversies.
The names of baseball's 2014 All Stars, such as Chase Utley, Nelson Cruz and Paul Goldschmidt, do not possess the same pulling power as football stars such as JJ Watt, Tom Brady, Aaron Rodgers or Calvin Johnson.
Baseball simply is not cool anymore and the appeal for the game has become as much regional as it is national.
Jonathan Mahler wrote in the New York Times recently that: "Baseball has never been healthier" - in terms of attendance, revenue, and, unlike the NFL and NBA, freedom from labour strife. "So why does it feel so irrelevant?"
With each team playing 162 games a season, baseball fans tend to watch their own players in action rather than those they have no vested interest in.
That is not the case for the NFL. Almost 19m watched the Dallas Cowboys take on the Washington Redskins on Monday Night Football.
The NBA has also suffered in the post-Michael Jordan years, with falling attendances and viewing figures.
However basketball has been rescued somewhat by the LeBron James effect, while the game, with its ongoing connection with hip hop culture, continues to grow with a younger audience.
Along with the phenomenon that is College Basketball's March Madness, it remains a popular sport in America, but continues to be dwarfed by the NFL.
The NBA is, according to the Harris Report, America's sixth most popular sport but is struggling with the increase in popularity of soccer and a resurgence in appreciation for ice hockey.
It would also be foolish to think that the NFL is the only organisation with off-field problems.
Baseball continues to move from one steroid scandal to another, while the NBA has witnessed its own fair share of domestic violence, domestic assault, battery and driving under the influence cases.
The NFL is a runaway success train that shows no sign of halting.
And while the on-field product remains so good, the off-field issues will be nothing more than a distraction.
Green Bay Packers fan Zoe Lake is representative of millions: "Football has always been a part of my life. As a football fan and a woman, I believe the NFL needs to take a good, hard look at the way it has handled the epidemic of violence that has rocked the league and the nation.
"But recent events will not keep me from tuning in to catch my Packers. Let's not forget: It is only a small number of NFL players who have committed violent acts against women and children."
In April's Draft, commissioner Goodell will welcome University of Oklahoma wide receiver Dorial Green Beckham into the professional ranks, potentially in the first round.
Multiple drug arrests and a dismissal from the University of Missouri for allegedly forcing open an apartment door and pushing an 18-year-old woman down a flight of stairs will not stop him being given every opportunity to succeed on the field.
Even if he transgresses again, it will be just another problem for America's most popular sport. But a problem it will overcome, have no doubt.


A man has denied stabbing to death a 24-year-old man in North Tyneside.

Reece Allen was discovered with multiple stab wounds outside an address in West Avenue, North Shields, in the early hours of 25 January. He later died in hospital.
Joe Welsh, also 24, of no fixed address, pleaded not guilty to murder at Newcastle Crown Court on Monday.
He was remanded in custody ahead of a further hearing scheduled for 1 July. His trial date was set for 25 July.


Equinoxes and solstices key dates in the calendar.

They are used to define the transitional periods between the seasons, so when winter changes to spring, spring to summer and so on.
They are key dates in the journey of the Earth around the Sun.
The position of the Sun in relation to the Earth affects how long days and nights are.
This year on 17 March the amount of day and night are completely equally split which means this day is called the equilux.
So what are equinoxes and solstices?
Equinox is basically the date twice a year when the amount of day-time we get is equal to the amount of night time we get.
This happens when the sun is positioned exactly above the equator.
Equinox occur twice a year, once around the 20th of March which is the spring equinox and again around September the 22nd, known as the autumn equinox.
The word equinox comes from two Latin words, equi which means equal and nox meaning night.
So, from the day of the spring equinox the day is longer than the night and from the day of the autumn equinox the night becomes longer than the day.
Simple right? Well there's a bit more to it...
So day and night are only NEARLY a totally equal length on the equinox.
The moment when day and night are truly of equal length occurs  a few days before the spring equinox, and a few days after the autumn equinox.
This is called the equilux... Still with us?
So the Solstice also occurs twice a year, we have a summer solstice around the 21 June in the Northern Hemisphere and a winter solstice around the 21 December.
The summer solstice is the day when the Northern hemisphere experiences its longest period of day light all year.
Winter solstice is the day when the Northern Hemisphere experiences its longest period of night time all year.
During the summer solstice, the sun in the middle of the day is at it's highest point in the sky of the year. During the Winter solstice this is reversed and the noon sun is at it's lowest of the year.
Some far northern countries such as Iceland and Norway experience continuous daylight for months. This is because the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, this can also result in increased sunlight and warmer temperatures.
Hopefully that has shone some light (awful pun alert) on what equinox and solstice mean!


A couple whose romance blossomed after he asked her for money - and she burst into tears - have got married.

Jack Richardson was begging in Bristol in 2013 when he asked Toni Osborne for some spare change.
She broke down because at the time she could not afford electricity - so he gave her 50p for the meter and the pair kept in touch.
Now a Big Issue seller, he proposed at his Park Street pitch in November. She said "her heart burst".
Listen: Jack and Toni describe their romance
The couple met two years ago, just before the groom says he was was "badged up" to sell the Big Issue and was "still having to spot-beg every day".
He said: "I asked her for money, it was just before Christmas and she burst into tears. She didn't have quite enough to put the lights on over Christmas, so I gave her enough to put the lights on.
"After I got badged up, she had an appointment at the bottom of the hill, so I saw her every week."
They kept in touch and she offered him a roof when the room in which he was sleeping in an underground car park got boarded up.
Mr Richardson said they then "fell for each other head-over-heels".
Two years on, the couple have been busy preparing for their big day and have had numerous offers of help to organise the wedding.
"We've had money put by for a dress for Toni, [Big Issue] customers have offered to bake cakes for the wedding," he said.
The couple had initially planned a registry office ceremony until a vicar Mr Richardson met at a soup kitchen offered to do the service free of charge.
Other people helping out include wine merchants, photographers, hairdressers and a man "about his size" who offered an Armani suit to borrow.
Mr Richardson said: "I wanted to give my beloved the wedding she deserved but I couldn't. Thanks to the kindness of people I've now been able to."
A Big Issue spokesperson said: "We're really happy for Jack and Toni. It's lovely to have a good news story from one of our vendors."


It was the weekend when matters at the top and bottom of the Premier League were finalised.

Antonio Conte's Chelsea beat West Brom to become Premier League champions thanks to substitute Michy Batshuayi's late winning goal.
At the bottom, Hull were relegated back down to the Championship with a whimper after being thrashed by Crystal Palace, joining Middlesbrough and Sunderland in the second tier next season.
Liverpool trounced West Ham to move up to third and keep their Champions League destiny in their own hands, but there were wins for Manchester City and Arsenal too.
Do you agree with my selection or would you go for a different team? Why not pick your own team of the week from the shortlist selected by BBC Sport journalists and share it with your friends?
Pick your XI from our list and share with your friends.
You cannot win Premier League titles without having an outstanding goalkeeper. Last season, Courtois found life difficult at Stamford Bridge and Chelsea paid a hefty price. This season the Belgium international has been immense.
Against West Brom, Courtois made a crucial save in the early exchanges to stop Salomon Rondon from opening his account. Such a start for the Blues would have been a nightmare but Courtois was bang in form and stuck to his task brilliantly throughout.
Only Arsenal now stand between Chelsea and a league and FA Cup double but Courtois is a world-class keeper and domestic doubles are fine but for him it must be about Champion League titles.
If you are going to score your first goal for the club you might as well make it memorable. You are away from home, desperately needing a win in order for your team's  campaign to remain on track and you come up with your best strike of the season.
The look on Kyle Naughton's face when his shot screamed past Sunderland goalkeeper Jordan Pickford was as though he had just won the lottery. That said, Swansea survived this relegation battle to stay in the Premier League and it will feel like it.
Swans manager Paul Clement continues to inject great belief in his players. I distinctly remember a pundit claiming that Clement was lucky to have got the job in the first place. Admittedly, his dalliance with Derby County ended badly and his reputation as a coach is currently better than his credentials has a manager but Clement has brought something quite unique with him to the club.
Alongside first team coach Claude Makelele - who you would have thought has bigger fish to fry - there appears to be a mental strength matched with a certain courage I have not witnessed amongst Swansea players since the days of Brendan Rodgers. We all need a little luck every now and then but it would seem Paul Clement and Swansea are making their own.
What a season this player has had. I remember him starting his career at Chelsea and having to play as a left-back. He coped brilliantly well considering he was naturally right-footed and while he solved the club's left-sided problem post Ashley Cole, he could not really show his true potential.
Since the arrival of Antonio Conte, Cesar Azpilicueta has not merely shown his true potential but realised it. The versatile defender produced a world-class performance against West Brom at The Hawthorns and what a time to do it. He was imperious in defence and creative in attack. It was Azpilicueta's cross that provided the opening for Michy Batshuayi to slide the ball home.
What he was doing so far up the field in open play tells you all you need to know about the commitment and desire of the Spain international. However, when you study his season, he has been ever present and quietly got on with his job. This was a brilliant performance by a player who has become a world-class defender under Conte.
This was the player who originally arrived at Stamford Bridge in a blaze of glory and left with his tail between his legs. I remember his first game against Fulham when he had a fantastic debut and scored the most impressive goal. However, Italian manager Carlo Ancelotti's second season in charge didn't turn out too well for Chelsea and David Luiz seemed to take the blame for the demise.
A spell away from the Bridge taught him that when you are a top-class defender, you don't have to do anything out of the ordinary to prove it - just defend. That is precisely what he did against a West Brom side desperate to rain on Chelsea's parade and has been doing since his return. The Brazilian has been magnificent for the Blues this season.
No lollipops, or rabonas, but he did everything in his power to protect his goalkeeper. Who would have thought that simple, good old-fashioned defending would win you titles in the modern era.
The screams of delight by Victor Moses has he embraced Batshuayi after the striker secured victory at The Hawthorns was a compelling sight. Here were two young men who had just realised they had won the Premier League title and at the same time embedded themselves into Chelsea folklore. Did either of them ever think at the beginning of this season that they would be sharing in such a momentous occasion? I doubt it. Yet here they were revelling in the moment.
Moses has been a revelation for Chelsea this season, partly due to his ability to adapt to a system few thought would be successful in the Premier League never mind win the title, and the consummate manner in which he has made the position his own. Moses could have won the Chelsea the title himself when he brought a fantastic one-handed save from Ben Foster.
Sir Winston Churchill said "we have a small time for celebration" immediately after the Second World War and I fear Antonio Conte has even less time to prepare Chelsea for the demands of European football and a relentless season ahead. Moses has now won a Premier League title and I would not bet against him adding a Champions League medal to his collection very soon.
This was another sparkling performance by the Brazilian and it takes Liverpool a step closer to that elusive Champions League spot. I dread to think what Reds manager Jurgen Klopp would have done without the services of Coutinho.
Nevertheless, they have the Brazilian star and he has been superb this season. Players like Xabi Alonso and Steven Gerrard have been instrumental in creating special Liverpool teams. Well, this current team is not that special but Coutinho is and Klopp must protect him.
The flags were waving and the fans singing and that was before Victor Wanyama added to the carnival atmosphere at White Hart Lane. The cross by Ben Davies was only matched by the glorious header from the Kenya international. Spurs would have gone on and knocked Manchester United clean out of the park but for some sound goalkeeping by David de Gea, the best in the world in my opinion.
Wanyama has spent most of the season overshadowed by some wonderful performances from Christian Eriksen but the Denmark international found himself playing second fiddle to an authoritative Wanyama bossing events in midfield. Tottenham deserved this victory but chants from the United fans stating Spurs "nearly won the league" is a timely reminder of what the really big clubs consider important.
How interesting. There have been two performances by Ross Barkley that have stood out for me. His game against Burnley where he was outstanding and at the heart of a superb Everton victory, and against Watford on Friday when he came off 10 minutes from time to a standing ovation. On both occasions, the England international had, for one reason or another, a very difficult week preceding the respective fixtures.
The first issue subjected Barkley to tawdry remarks in a national newspaper while the second matter was the ultimatum given to him by his manager Ronald Koeman. Sign your contract or leave seems to be the message. When a manager gives a player an ultimatum like that he better hold all the aces. But in this case, Koeman does not because if the rumours are true and Spurs are interested in Barkley, then the player has the perfect get-out clause.
Whatever the outcome of this contractual situation, it is in Barkley's best interests not to wait for bad news to spark him into providing his best performances but to start creating the news himself. That is what the best players do and if he does go to Spurs, which I think is quite possible, he will be expected to do just that.
Regardless of whether Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger goes or stays, it will not have the same bearing on the club should they lose Alexis Sanchez. Not only is the Chilean a genuinely world-class footballer, he is the inspiration behind the team and has been for the best part of this season. His performance against Southampton in midweek, not to mention his goal, was simply superb.
He then turns up at Stoke on Saturday, no place for the faint-hearted, and destroys them. Sanchez's link-up play with Mesut Ozil, when the German is in the mood, is like watching Trevor Brooking and Kevin Keegan when they played for England - they just know where each other is. It clear to me that Arsenal Football Club have some big decisions to make about who stays and who goes. For my money, Sanchez stays. You can work the rest out.
I could not believe my eyes when Gabriel Jesus took the ball and insisted that he was going to take the penalty against Leicester on Saturday. Like every decent senior professional, who sees the next generation with the confidence to take command of a situation, Yaya Toure gave way to youth. Why shouldn't the twice former African player of the year be magnanimous in such circumstances? When you have had the sort of career Toure has had, the least he can be is gracious.
Regardless, Jesus seemed absolutely determined to make a statement. Sitting on the bench, of course, was Sergio Aguero, a world-class striker, even by Alan Shearer's standards. It was clear to see Jesus had to make the point to Aguero and manager Pep Guardiola that he is ready to assume the mantle of top dog. Putting the ball into the back of the net was tantamount to making that point.
What was interesting was the way Toure and his team-mates gathered round Jesus to congratulate him on converting the penalty almost like a graduation moment. The players were not entirely sure he would pass the test but mighty relieved that he did. Based on what I saw it looks like, Jesus might be the future and Aguero the past.
A lot has been said about Mesut Ozil. Love him or hate him - and I love him - there is no denying he is a wonderful footballer. Is he in the right team? Probably not. A player with his talent would be more appreciated at a club like Tottenham. Now at this moment I may have Arsenal fans foaming at the mouth at the very thought of Ozil defecting to White Hart Lane but frankly it is a better fit.
When Sol Campbell decided to move to Arsenal from Spurs it was because the player was desperate to win trophies. A perfectly acceptable position for a professional footballer to take and a fact that Spurs fans have never been able to come to terms with. However, Ozil's style of football is perfect for Spurs and he has already won things with Arsenal. His overall performance against Stoke, which is always a hard nut to crack, was superb while his goal was sublime.
Only at Spurs will the fans accommodate players like Ozil. You see, at Spurs it is all about the football while at Arsenal it is all about the winning.


Peterborough United have parted company with assistant manager Lee Glover.

The 46-year-old ex-Nottingham Forest and Rotherham forward joined manager Grant McCann's staff last June, but has left after just nine months.
Peterborough have won just four games in 2017 and are currently on a five-match winless run following their 1-1 with struggling Oldham on Saturday.
Posh are 12th in League One, eight points outside the play-off places with seven games remaining.
Glover told BBC Radio Cambridgeshire: "I had a chat with [director of football] Barry Fry and he decided it was probably best to terminate my contract. That was the decision taken at board level.
"Results have been poor and I think someone has carried the can for that."


The seeding system for the men's singles at Wimbledon is different to the systems used at the other grand slam tournaments.

The French Open, US Open and Australian Open just take the ATP rankings, but Wimbledon works it out differently to favour players who are better on grass.
The seedings are important because a highly seeded player cannot meet another highly seeded player until late in the tournament.
Wimbledon takes the points used to calculate a player's ATP ranking, doubles the points earned at grass tournaments in the past year and adds on 75% of the points earned on grass the previous year.
The ladies singles system is different in that a committee decides whether the WTA rankings need changing. No changes were made for 2017. A seeding committee was also used for the men's competition until 2002.
How much difference does it make?
If you compare the top eight seeds in the men's singles for the last five years with the players at the top of the ATP rankings one week before the tournament each year, there have only been two or three changes each year.
Over that five year period you could classify five of the changes as being "good" in that they make the seeding a better predictor of the outcomes and three of them as "bad" because they make it a worse predictor.
The highest profile example came in 2014, when Novak Djokevic was made number one seed at Wimbledon, despite being number two on the ATP rankings. Mr Djokevic won the tournament while Rafael Nadal, who was demoted to the number two slot, was knocked out in the fourth round.
On the other hand, in 2012 Tomas Berdych was promoted above David Ferrer in the seedings and was knocked out in the first round while David Ferrer reached the quarter-finals.
It also must be taken into account that changing seedings is partly a self-fulfilling policy, because a higher-seeded player is likely to get further in the tournament as a result of playing lower-ranked players.
Over the past five years, there have been four "bad" changes in the top eight seeds and three "good" changes, so the Wimbledon seeding method has been marginally worse on that measure than just using the ATP rankings, but there is not a lot in it.
To find out whether it has been a better predictor than seedings at other grand slams Reality Check compared the seedings with the outcomes for the top eight seeds in grand slams from 2012 to 2016.
The outcomes allocate a numerical value for the stage at which a player is knocked out, for example, a player knocked out in the semi-finals gets a value of three or four because he could have come either third or fourth. Similarly, someone knocked out in in the first round would get a value of 96.5.
If the seeding system was perfect then adding up the outcomes for the top eight seeds in a single year would give a total of 36 (one + two + 3.5 + 3.5 + four lots of 6.5).
In fact, the average number you get for the last five years at Wimbledon is 146.
That is considerably higher than the figures of 106 at the US Open, 93 at the French Open and 89 at the Australian Open.
First of all, it should be said that all of these numbers are pretty high. There is not a strong correlation between seeding and outcome.
Nonetheless, it is much worse an indicator at Wimbledon. It would be tempting to conclude that was because the seeding system is different, but we have already established that the changes made only make a marginal difference.
That means that Wimbledon must just have been a less predictable tournament over the past five years than the other grand slams.
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Demonstrators and police have hugged and shaken hands with members of the US National Guard during protests in Charlotte, North Carolina, while scenes of goodwill in the city have spread through social media.

This was the third night of protests in the city, and the second with the National Guard on the streets, following the killing of Keith Lamont Scott on Tuesday.
The National Guard was deployed and a state of emergency declared after the second night (Wednesday) of unrest brought nine injuries and 44 arrests. But by Friday morning, the atmosphere appeared to have become calm and police and protesters were seen giving handshakes and hugs to soldiers on the streets.
Among many who have attempted to keep the demonstrations peaceful have been two people on either side of the protest line.
Ken Nwadike, of the Free Hugs Project, took to the streets on Wednesday night to embrace police officers standing in front of protesters, while Charlotte-Macklenburg Police Department (CMPD) Captain Mike Campagna addressed crowds and received a flower from a member of the public overnight on Thursday.
Mr Nwadike, the face of the Free Hugs Project, has previously shared hugs following the police deaths in Dallas and along the route of the Boston Marathon on the first year of the race following the bombing of 2013, and was on the streets in Charlotte on Wednesday night to embrace police officers and members of the crowd.
On Thursday, he shared his video of events from the night. In it, when he is confronted by protesters angered by his public sympathy for police officers, Mr Nwadike stressed the importance of "neutrality" and that, as a black man, he hurt as much as those who were protesting.
"I'm just trying to help people understand," he said. "This uniform doesn't make him a robot, just as your uniform, your skin colour, doesn't make you a criminal.
"Just because he [a black police officer] wears his uniform, doesn't mean he doesn't feel the pains that our people feel.
"If we could get rid of fear, if we could get rid of hatred, there'd be more love in the world."
Mr Nwadike told the BBC: "It makes no sense to throw rocks at the police. People should be protesting, but it has more value when it's done effectively, which is when it's heard. When there's violence, people only focus on the violence."
Although the CMPD imposed a curfew in Charlotte from 24:00 to 06:00, and although it was largely ignored, many journalists in attendance recorded the easing of tension on Thursday night.
Cleve R Wootson, of the Washington Post, tweeted video from the end of the protests in the early morning, emphasising the positivity of the slogans "We kill em with kindness. We kill em with respect... we are showing love".
Meanwhile Todd, a photographer with a local television station, and Bill Melugin, a reporter for MJZY-TV, were among those to share their gratitude toward those on the streets.
CMPD tweeted that, although two officers were receiving attention, there had been a sense of civility to the night.
Joe Bruno of local news station WSOC tweeted: "CMPD says curfew is a tool. They will allow protests to continue as long as they are peaceful."
And Bruno added praise for the role of Captain Campagna, of CMPD's central division, who spoke to crowds during the night and received a flower from a protester.
As filmed by Wootson, Campagna was heard telling the crowd: "This is my area, I don't want it to get torn up."
"I hope we have a nice, peaceful march," Campagna added. "Everybody feels like their conscience is settled... We can also balance that with the rights of everyone."
Campagna was also filmed the night before, talking with Mr Nwadike. Although Captain Campagna was in uniform on both nights, Thursday's appearance was without the protective headgear he wore when addressing protesters in Wednesday night's video.
"You take that badge off, you take that helmet off, you will think the same way that I did," one demonstrator told Captain Campagna.
"This helmet, this badge, doesn't make me a different person," he replied.
"I enjoyed the discussion with people," he also explained to Mr Nwadike. "It's important we both see each other as people, and it's hard to do that with a mask and a helmet."
Captain Campagna is not averse to attention during recent protests, having previously testified against a police officer's use of deadly force in the shooting of Jonathan Ferrell in Charlotte in 2013, and posed for photographs with Black Lives Matter protesters earlier this year.


A company will run Bristol Arena and share some profits with the council, the city's cabinet has agreed.

Councillors agreed to go out to tender to look for a company to run the arena rather than the council running it.
The project team can now prepare the contract documents needed for operator procurement to begin in March 2014.
This will be followed by a competition to design the new venue, and building contractor procurement. The arena is due to open in June 2017.
The 12,000 capacity venue would be located in the heart of the Temple Quarter Enterprise Zone.
The arena will be leased to a company that will pay a fixed annual rental, taking the risk on the level of income generated and sharing profits with the council above an agreed amount.
The operator would programme and maintain the venue with the council having to negotiate any input into the programme.
Bristol mayor George Ferguson said: "This is a vitally important decision for the arena, setting out the best way to make it a reality and ensuring it is run in the most cost effective and suitable manner for the city.
"I want to ensure an element of city control over the arena, but it would be unwise for us to take on the full running of the facility and the risks that brings.
"Instead, I'll be considering ways for it to be run by an experienced, professional operator to make the most of the arena and the opportunities it brings.
"Without revealing too much at this stage, we've had considerable informal interest following the business study, which is extremely encouraging in terms of getting the right operator and best value."
A full report will go to cabinet on 16 January outlining the funding arrangements for the arena before going to a full council decision as part of the council's budget on 18 February.
Neighbouring councils have already agreed to help solve a £27m funding shortfall in the £90m proposal.