Wolfsburg reached the Champions League quarter-finals for the first time after Andre Schurrle's goal sealed a 4-2 aggregate win over Gent.

The Germans had the best chance of a dour first half but Joshua Guilavogui's 20-yard shot was saved by Matz Sels.
They wrapped up victory when Julian Draxler picked out Schurrle after a driving run to the byeline.
Danijel Milicevic's shot wide from Moses Simon's cross was the closest the Belgian team came to scoring.
Dieter Hecking's Wolfsburg side have dropped to seventh in the Bundesliga after a disappointing sequence of one win in nine games, but they deserved victory against plucky but limited opponents.
Before the game, Gent coach Hein Vanhaezebrouck said his side would need a "miracle", but they lacked the attacking quality to fashion clear-cut chances.
The Belgian champions beat Valencia, Lyon and Zenit St Petersburg to qualify from the group stage, but they never threatened a repeat here.
And Schurrle's late strike ensured that Belgium's wait for a first Champions League quarter-finalist would continue.


A town has struggled to find its first town crier after only two people applied for the job and then failed to turn up to auditions.

The search to find someone for the bellowing role in Swadlincote, Derbyshire first began in April.
But one applicant withdrew ahead of the second round of auditions last Friday and the second was unable to attend.
The council said it has not given up just yet and are "optimistic" of finding someone eventually.
Kate Allies, from the recruiting team at South Derbyshire District Council, said she was "surprised" so few people applied but said: "We are not giving up trying to find a town crier.
"It has to be the right candidate because this is very important for Swadlincote."
The role was introduced after residents asked for a town crier as part of a survey on what they wanted in their area.
It would be paid for with some of the Â£40,000 Heritage Lottery Funding that was given to the Swadlincote Townscape Heritage Scheme to revive the town.
Ms Allies said they were trying to rearrange a new trial with the one applicant left before re-advertising the vacancy for a third time.
"It will definitely happen," she said.
"People have asked for it and there has been a lot of interest for it, we just need the right candidate."


Raised levels of the hormones testosterone and cortisol can make traders take more risks, which could create instability in financial markets, a study suggests.

Researchers said stressful and competitive working environments could be increasing hormone levels and having an impact on decision-making.
Volunteers played a stock market game while hormones levels were measured.
Experts said it was important to know how hormones affected traders.
Both cortisol and testosterone occur naturally in the body. Levels of cortisol increase when we experience psychological or physical stress. This causes the blood sugar levels to rise and prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response.
High testosterone levels in men have been shown to make them confident and successful in competitive situations.
Previous research has shown that male traders make significantly higher profits on days when their morning testosterone levels were above their daily average.
Writing in Scientific Reports, the authors carried out two experiments as part of their study.
First, they measured natural levels of the two hormones in 142 male and female volunteers while they played a trading game in groups of 10.
Men who had higher levels of cortisol were more likely to take risks, which led to instability in prices.
But there did not appear to be a link between cortisol and risky trading in the women who took part, which is consistent with other research showing that women respond to stress in different ways.
In a second experiment, 75 young men were given one of the hormones before playing the game, and then a placebo.
The results showed that cortisol appeared to encourage riskier investments while testosterone increased the feeling that they were on a winning streak.
The research team said their work gave a better understanding of traders' behaviour and how it might affect financial markets.
Dr Ed Roberts, study author from the department of medicine at Imperial College London, said the traders' working environment was key: "They are like elite athletes - they need to be looked after."
He also said there was more research to do.
"We only looked at the acute effects of the hormones in the lab.
"It would be interesting to measure traders' hormone levels in the real world, and also to see what the longer term effects might be."
Dr Richard Quinton, consultant and senior lecturer in endocrinology at Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals and University, said it looked to be a "powerful and robust study".
He added that an obvious area for future research would be looking at the behavioural effects of giving small doses of cortisol inhibitors to traders.
Prof Ashley Grossman, professor of endocrinology at the University of Oxford, said the study suggested that raised hormone levels can both cause instability in the stock markets and feed off it.
He said: "With massive market volatility forecast over Greece and its debt repayments, or their lack, it's important to know just how much impact hormones have on traders' decisions."


App-based car-hire service Uber is losing more than $1bn (Â£699m) a year in China, as it struggles against what it called a "fierce competitor".

Uber CEO Travis Kalanick made the admission while speaking at a private event in Vancouver, according to Canadian tech news site Betakit.
The $1bn figure was later confirmed with Uber China by Reuters news agency.
US-based Uber launched in China in 2014 and competes against the country's largest taxi app Didi Kuaidi.
Uber is available in more than 40 cities in China. It announced last year that it would expand into 100 Chinese cities over the next 12 months.
"We're profitable in the USA, but we're losing over $1bn a year in China," Betakit quoted Mr Kalanick as saying.
He described China as the firm's largest international marketplace. But Uber's market share is dwarfed by that of the larger Didi Kuaidi.
"We have a fierce competitor that's unprofitable in every city they exist in, but they're buying up market share."
Mr Kalanick has previously said the firm had gone from a tiny 1% share of China's market at the beginning of 2015 to about 30% to 35%.
Didi Kuaidi, which is backed by Chinese tech giants Tencent and Alibaba, has now also partnered with Uber's rival US ride-sharing service Lyft.
Mr Kalanick said he had recently raised about $200m to help the firm compete in emerging markets, Betakit said.
"I wish the world wasn't that way. I prefer building rather than fundraising. But if I don't participate in the fundraising bonanza, I'll get squeezed out by others buying market share," he added.
Uber is available in 380 cities around the world, according to the website.


A woman who died in a crash has been described as "a loving grandmother".

Tydfil Jenkins, 80, was heading home after taking cake to her friend when she was knocked over on Bethania Street, Maesteg, Bridgend county, on Tuesday evening.
A 35-year-old will appear in court on Thursday charged with causing her death by careless or inconsiderate driving.
Mrs Jenkins' family described her as a bingo loving straight-talker who would be missed.
The man, from Maesteg, has also been charged with causing death by driving unlicensed or uninsured, causing death by driving while disqualified and fraud by false representation.
He will appear at Cardiff Magistrates' Court.
In a tribute, Mrs Jenkins' family said: "Tydfil was a much loved mother to Terry, Hayley and the late Wendy and was also a loving grandmother, great-grandmother and great-great-grandmother.
"Tydfil loved going to the bingo with her friends and she was a straight-forward woman - what you saw was what you got.
"She would say: 'Take me as I am, if you don't like it, tough!' That's just who she was."


Rockabilly guitarist Tommy Allsup, who narrowly avoided boarding the plane that killed Buddy Holly and the Big Bopper, has died aged 85.

The musician famously lost a coin toss for a seat on the plane. His place was taken by teen star Ritchie Valens, who also perished when the plane crashed.
Allsup went on to become a Grammy-winning musician, who played with Merle Haggard, Roy Orbison and Willie Nelson.
He said he thought about the crash, and thanked God, every day of his life.
The musician died on Wednesday at a hospital in Springfield, Missouri, due to complications from a hernia operation, said his son Austin.
"Tommy Allsup was one of western swing and rockabilly music's finest," said Neil Portnow, president of the Recording Academy. "The Oklahoma native and was admired by his peers and fans alike [and] heralded by Paul McCartney as one of the finest guitar players in the world.
"Our deepest condolences go out to Tommy's family, friends, and creative collaborators."
Born Tommy Douglas Allsup in 1931, the musician was the 12th of 13 children, and an enrolled member of the Cherokee Nation.
He grew up in Owasso, Oklahoma - a tiny town with a population in the hundreds before it became a centre for the airline industry in the 50s.
When he was 16, he would hitchhike to Cain's Ballroom in Tulsa to watch early rock and roll shows.
"I was six foot tall, and back then they didn't even have IDs," he local newspaper Tulsa World last year. "If you were big enough to stand up to the bar, you could get you a beer."
Eventually, he plucked up the courage to perform at the venue himself and, by the mid-50s, he was a jobbing musician. He met Buddy Holly in a recording studio in 1958, and the star invited him to join his band on the fateful Winter Dance Party tour a year later.
Crossing Midwest America in freezing conditions, many of the musicians succumbed to the flu and even frostbite. To avoid one particularly wintry bus journey, Holly decided to charter a plane between Clear Lake, Iowa and their next venue in Minnesota.
Allsup was originally supposed to catch the flight, but Valens - who had previously suffered a fear of flying - pestered him to swap places.
"He asked me four or five times could he fly in my place," Allsup recalled in 2007.  "For some reason, I pulled a half dollar out of my pocket and flipped it. He said 'heads' and it came up heads.
"So I went out to the station wagon and told Buddy. I said, 'I'm not going. Me and Ritchie flipped a coin. He's going in my place'. Buddy, said 'cool'."
The plane crashed shortly after take-off in the Iowa countryside.
Allsup was initially listed as one of the victims, as he had given his wallet and ID to Holly, asking him to pick up some mail from the post office when he landed in Minnesota.
"When they found the bodies the next morning, they found five wallets with five different IDs," Allsup said. "So they had my name on Associated Press as one of the people on the plane."
The crash was later immortalised in Don McLean's song American Pie, and became known as "the day the music died".
Austin Allsup said his father took losing the coin toss as "a blessing" and that he was humbled to be connected to "such a monumental moment in music history".
He added that Valens' sister had contacted him after his father's death to offer her condolences.
"I told her in my message back, now my dad and Ritchie can finally finish the tour they started 58 years ago," he told ABC news.
Allsup's friend Randy Steele said the star "got an additional 57 years and 11 months" out of the coin flip and "used it for good".
"I was literally in awe of him, not just because of his talent, but because of the kind of man he is."
Funeral services are expected to be held next week and Allsup will be buried in Oklahoma, near his home town of Owasso.
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The miners' strike drama Pride has scooped the outstanding debut award at the Bafta Film Awards.

The film portrays an alliance between gay rights' campaigners and pit workers during the 1984 and is largely set in the Dulais Valley in south Wales.
Writer Stephen Beresford and producer David Livingstone received the award at the ceremony in London on Sunday night.
Beresford said it had taken him 20 years to persuade anyone the story would make a "sure fire comedy smash".


The Northern Ireland health minister at the centre of controversy over remarks about gay couples has resigned.

Jim Wells said he wanted to help his wife Grace "during her fight for life".
The resignation follows his remarks at a hustings where he linked same-sex relationships to child abuse. He later apologised for those comments.
Police are also investigating an incident involving a lesbian couple during an election canvas by Mr Wells in County Down.
It is believed the Police Service of Northern Ireland is trying to establish if an offence has been committed.
Mr Wells is a Westminster candidate for the DUP in the South Down constituency.
His resignation was first reported by the Belfast Telegraph, and in a statement released on Monday Mr Wells said he was no longer able to continue his ministerial duties and give his wife "the attention she deserves".
"As many people are aware I have been focused on helping my wife during her fight for life," he said.
"Those who know my family and I, know the last three months have been the toughest of our lives as we watched my wife, Grace, suffer two successive strokes and battle through major heart surgery."
"However, as she now faces further challenges I have come to the point where I am no longer able to continue my ministerial duties and give Grace the attention she deserves," he added.
He said he had met with Northern Ireland first minister and DUP leader Peter Robinson and requested to stand down from ministerial office.
The PSNI said it had received three complaints regarding the conduct of an individual in Rathfriland in County Down on Saturday evening.
It is alleged that Mr Wells, who was doing door-to-door canvassing, called at a lesbian couple's house, and during a conversation was critical of their lifestyle.
The daughter of one of the women said her mother was upset.
She said Mr Wells had gone back to the house twice saying he wanted to apologise. But the couple would not accept the apology, because, they claimed, Mr Wells said he did not agree with their lifestyle choice.
Northern Ireland first minister Peter Robinson said he respected Mr Wells's decision.
He said Mr Wells was right to put his family first and he would "fully support" him.
Mr Robinson said Mr Wells would continue in his position until 11 May, when the new minister would take up office.
"In the meantime, I have requested that the finance minister, Simon Hamilton, assume some of Jim's duties to release some of the pressure," he added.
Sinn FÃ©in MLA Maeve McLaughlin said Mr Wells's resignation had been the "right decision".
"Mr Wells has clearly been under increased pressure as a result of his wife's serious illness and his decision to step down was the right thing to do," she added.
"However, his position as health minister was clearly untenable after his attack on the LGBT community, which was completely unacceptable from someone holding the position."
Ulster Unionist leader Mikes Nesbitt said Mr Wells "has done the right thing" in resigning.
However, he said the controversy caused by Mr Wells's comments about same-sex relationships did not affect the unionist pact between the DUP and the UUP, in four constituencies, as the pact related to one issue, that of a pro-union stance.
Alliance leader David Ford said: "Peter Robinson was entirely aware of Jim's views at the point when he made him minister of health.
"The real question is what does that say about the leadership of the DUP that they're prepared to put somebody with those kind of views into such a sensitive post with all the responsibility it has?"
Mr Ford said there were UUP voters in East Belfast and North Belfast, where the pact exists, who do not want anything to do with the DUP, especially after Mr Wells's comments linking same-sex relationship to child abuse.
The other candidates in South Down are Felicity Buchan of the Conservatives, Chris Hazzard of Sinn FÃ©in, the UUP's Harold McKee, Henry Reilly of UKIP, the SDLP's Margaret Ritchie and Martyn Todd of the Alliance Party.
Controversy and achievement: Jim Wells's tenure as NI health minister analysed


MPs have clashed over whether Donald Trump should be given a state visit to the UK in a packed Westminster debate.

Protesters gathered outside as Labour's Paul Flynn said it would be "terribly wrong" to go ahead with the visit.
But Tory Nigel Evans told the US president's critics to "get over it" and that plans would not be changed.
The debate was triggered by two petitions - one against a state visit, which got 1.85 million signatures, and one in favour which got 311,000.
Opening proceedings in Westminster Hall, Mr Flynn, a member of the petitions committee, said it was "extraordinary" an invitation had been issued so soon into the US president's term.
He said there was "no question of any disrespect" towards the United States in opposing Mr Trump's visit, but said the president had caused problems in "every political area in which he has become involved in" and had been " behaving like a petulant child".
He claimed a state visit would put the Queen "in an awkward position".
But Mr Evans said Mr Trump was being criticised for implementing the policies he had promised during the US election campaign.
Critics who "stand up and condemn him for being racist" are "attacking the American people" who voted for him, he said.
"If they wanted more of the same," he added, "that was on the ballot paper".
Conservative MP Sir Edward Leigh said a recording from 2005, in which Mr Trump apparently said he would grab women "by the pussy", was "horrible and ridiculous" but that many politicians would have made "some ridiculous sexual comment" in private.
SNP MP  Hannah Bardell said: "I cast no aspersions, but is he seriously suggesting that it is a legitimate perspective and point of view that the comments made, in public, by Trump on a number of issues, including marriage equality for LGBT people, and in private, which were recorded and broadcast, on sexual abuse and attacking women, are a legitimate position?"
Sir Edward replied: "I said actually precisely the opposite. As far as I know I've never spoken like that and no friends of mine have ever spoken like that - I completely deplore it and find it ridiculous to speak like that in private.
"All I'm saying is most of us would be rather embarrassed if everything that we said in private in our past (was broadcast)."
Foreign Office minister Sir Alan Duncan responded to the debate for the government, saying: "We believe it is absolutely right that we should use all the tools at our disposal to build common ground with President Trump.
"The visit should happen. The visit will happen. And when it does, I trust the United Kingdom will extend a polite and generous welcome to President Donald Trump."
Outside, a group of anti-Trump protesters gathered in Parliament Square.
Similar demonstrations were organised elsewhere around the UK, including in Edinburgh, Manchester, Liverpool, Cardiff and Newcastle.
Prime Minister Theresa May announced the state visit during a visit to Washington for talks with Mr Trump.
It led to petitions titled Prevent Donald Trump from making a State Visit to the United Kingdom and Donald Trump should make a State Visit to the United Kingdom.
Commons Speaker John Bercow was criticised by some MPs after he said Mr Trump should not address Parliament during the trip in light of the row over his travel ban and comments about women.
Mr Trump was invited to the UK for a state visit after just seven days as president, while it took 758 days for Barack Obama and 978 days for George W Bush.
The government has said it recognised the "strong views" expressed by the US president but looked forward to welcoming him once details have been arranged.


They say money talks and that was certainly the case on Wednesday after listeners to Stephen Nolan's show were informed the BBC was to charge 75 pence for every call to his show, with half the proceeds going to the presenter.

Belfast councillor Jim Rodgers rang the show saying he had been informed by a reliable source of the new revenue stream.
Nolan was happy to play along with the April Fool and said his take of 38 pence a call was an innovative way of getting a pay rise up front.
He claimed it had been a straight negotiation between himself and the BBC Northern Ireland controller.
Mr Rodgers said it was an "absolute and utter disgrace" and the revelation sparked a series of angry calls.
Mervyn from Holywood, County Down, said: "This is absolutely ridiculous if there is any truth in it. How low can you get.
"For goodness sake Stephen, go and catch yourself on - it is a scandal, an absolute and utter rip-off."
Another guest said:"Do you not realise how hard people are getting it? You are scraping more money any way you can. All you are doing is losing the respect of people."
BBC Northern Ireland Talkback presenter William Crawley appeared on the Nolan Show to say he had already received "a lot of texts and emails" about the subject.
"All calls for Talkback will remain free," he said. "I'm not in this for the money, I'm in this for public service broadcasting."
Meanwhile, George from the Shankill Road in Belfast said it was an "absolute outrage" and "everyone would be moving to Talkback".
"Thomas from north Belfast could be paying a tenner a day the number of calls he makes," he added.
"You have to think of the regulars here. "Frank Mitchell's listener's (U105 presenter) are going to go through the roof."
Not everyone was critical of the hoax initiative however, with one woman calling to say of Nolan:"He is saving the world on a daily basis, surely people can afford 75 pence for their world-saving calls."
A statement purporting to be from the BBC was read out on air saying it deeply "regretted the alleged leaking of information" on the show.
It said it was not its policy to comment on private contractual matters, but it wished to point out that contractual negotiations had not concluded.
At the end of the programme, Mr Rodgers, who had threatened to raise the matter with the new Belfast super council, put listeners and some BBC colleagues in the picture about the elaborate hoax.
And Nolan made sure the message was hammered home.
"Can I just assure everyone we are not charging anyone a penny extra for the calls - it is April Fool's Day you buck eejits," he added.


An 18-year-old has appeared in court in connection with a burglary at a cat sanctuary in Neath Port Talbot.

Three cats from Ty-Nant sanctuary in Cymmer were found dead while another three were later found unharmed after a break-in on Saturday.
Frank Lewis appeared at Swansea Magistrates' Court charged with two counts of burglary and causing suffering to a protected animal.
He was released on bail until 2 September.
A 15-year-old was also charged and will appear at Swansea Youth Court on 11 August.
Three dead cats were found mutilated following the break-in.
A post on the sanctuary's Facebook page said three cats were found in a cage in a ditch on Sunday and had been safely returned to the centre. Five are still missing.
Ty-Nant said it was still looking for a tortoiseshell and white cat, three black and whites and one large tabby male.
A fundraising website set up for the sanctuary has raised more than Â£11,000 since Saturday.
A sanctuary volunteer posted on the centre's Facebook page saying: "The injuries they had sustained has left all of us heartbroken and angry.
"There are still cats that are unaccounted for and we hope that they will somehow be found and returned safely."


Police are sending letters to 37,000 homes in West Yorkshire from this week in a bid to find the mother of a baby who was found dead at a waste site.

The letters are going to addresses whose waste is sent to Associated Waste Management in Shipley where the baby girl's body was found on 19 May.
The site received 97 loads of waste the day before, 51 from Bradford and the rest from elsewhere in the county.
Police hope an appeal by letter may jog the memory of a potential witness.
The deliveries will be made to addresses in more than 2,000 post code areas, while a second letter will be sent to businesses to appeal to staff for information about the case.
Inquiries have so far revealed the baby was a newly-born white girl who died two or three days before her body was discovered by staff at the Valley Road site.
A West Yorkshire Police spokesman said: "It is also believed the baby did not have a hospital birth and locating the mother to make sure she is safe and well remains a priority for officers."
A team of detectives continues to work on the investigation and police have also been carrying out forensic work to examine other possible ways to identify the baby girl.
Det Supt Sukhbir Singh, who is leading the investigation, said: "The answer to finding the mother of this child continues to lie within the communities of West Yorkshire and we are carrying out this new information seek to see if we can uncover new information to help us find her.
"Any case which involves the death of a baby is harrowing and we are determined to explore all avenues to both identify this baby girl and locate her family."


A wildlife organisation has criticised the Forestry Commission over its policy of dealing with grey squirrels and claimed the animals should be culled with airguns.

The European Squirrel Initiative (ESI) said the grey squirrel is an invasive, non-native species which is dominating the UK woodland.
It has urged the commission to use airguns to eradicate them, saying they are carriers of the squirrelpox virus.
The virus is deadly to red squirrels.
Grey squirrels are not affected by the pox and the Forestry Commission said shooting greys with air rifles was "not an effective or humane form of control".
Red squirrels are native to the UK but their population has dwindled to about 140,000, compared to more than 2.5m greys.
The ESI was set up to restore the native red squirrel as the dominant species throughout the continent.
Its chairman Andy Wiseman said: "We're not talking about members of the public going about shooting grey squirrels, but authorised volunteers and contractors, who are highly experienced, trained and insured.
"By banning the use of airguns, the Forestry Commission is undermining the landscape-scale approach necessary to control the spread of grey squirrels, an approach which has overwhelming public support."
A Forestry Commission spokesman said it needed to put the safety of the general public first.
"The Forestry Commission works with many squirrel groups and other organisations to help ensure the long-term survival of red squirrels in England," he said.
"We do not generally allow any other people other than our own professional rangers to use any firearms on the public forest estate.
"The majority of it is open for anyone to freely walk around and we put their safety first."
The commission said it was working on more humane ways of managing forests to allow the red squirrels to thrive.
Red squirrels can still be seen at several National Trust conservation areas in England, including Formby in Merseyside, Aira Force in the Lake District, Borthwood Copse on the Isle of Wight, Brownsea Island in Dorset and in Northumberland.


Tributes have been paid to former Brookside and Hollyoaks actor Kristian Ealey who has died at the age of 38.

Mr Ealey was best known for his character Matt Musgrove, who appeared in Brookside between 1998 and 2000 and also Hollyoaks from 2000 to 2004.
He was also a popular musician in Liverpool with the band Tramp Attack, and appeared as Ringo Starr in the film In His Life: The John Lennon Story.
Brookside co-star Suzanne Collins said the actor was in Italy when he died.
Follow the latest updates on this and other stories on Merseyside Live
The cause of his death remains unclear, but Ms Collins said she understood he had gone to sleep with a pain in his arm and had not woken up.
She said: "I'm very privileged to have called him a friend. There were a gang of the young ones who grew up on the set of Brookside, we called ourselves the Brooki Brat Pack and have an incredible bond.
"We were together nearly every day on set and we socialised out of work together, we became family."
She added: "It has shocked us all to the core. Kris was full of life, full of smiles and so full of music."
Former Hollyoaks actor Gemma Atkinson tweeted: "Just awful. What a lovely, lovely man! Had many laughs with him at work back in the day. RIP."
A spokesman for Lime Pictures said: "Many crew worked with Kristian on both Brookside and Hollyoaks and enjoyed following his musical success after leaving the show.
"The news has been met with shock and sadness on set and our thoughts are with his family at this time."


Italian police have baton-charged hundreds of Galatasaray football fans who tried to break through a cordon ahead of a Europa League match against Lazio in Rome.

Some of the supporters of the Turkish club threw flares and firecrackers as they gathered in the central Piazza del Popolo square.
Clashes between rival fans began on Wednesday night and officials say two people were "slightly" stabbed.
They later left hospital in Rome.
Dozens of fans were briefly detained for identification checks.
In a statement, Rome police said: "Thanks to international police co-operation, we were able to limit the potential for trouble by the Galatasaray fans in the hours between Wednesday night and Thursday morning."
Last week, Galtasaray and Lazio drew 1-1 in the first leg of the European competition.


The four Arab states leading a boycott of Qatar say it will continue despite a deal between Washington and Doha to combat the financing of terrorism.

Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt said the deal brokered by US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson on Tuesday was "not enough".
Qatar's government "cannot be trusted", they added, citing previous agreements.
The four have accused the emirate of supporting terrorist groups across the region. It has denied any wrongdoing.
Qatar was presented with a list of demands two weeks ago that included shutting down the Al Jazeera news network, closing a Turkish military base, cutting ties with the Muslim Brotherhood and downgrading relations with Iran.
But after receiving what they called a "negative" response last week, the four states said they would take further "political, economic and legal measures".
Mr Tillerson flew to Doha on Tuesday to sign a memo of understanding between the US and Qatar on terrorism financing that was proposed when President Donald Trump attended the Arab Islamic American Summit in the Saudi capital in May.
"The agreement which we both have signed on behalf of our governments represents weeks of intensive discussions between experts and reinvigorates the spirit of the Riyadh summit," Mr Tillerson told a joint news conference with his Qatari counterpart, Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdul Rahman Al Thani.
"The memorandum lays out a series of steps that each country will take in coming months and years to interrupt and disable terror financing flows and intensify counter-terrorism activities globally," he added.
Sheikh Mohammed said Qatar was the first country in the region to sign such an agreement with the US and called on the "siege" nations to follow suit.
Qatar has acknowledged providing assistance to Islamist groups designated as terrorist organisations by some of its neighbours, notably the Muslim Brotherhood and the Hamas movement. But it has denied aiding militant groups linked to al-Qaeda or so-called Islamic State.
Later on Tuesday, the Saudi-led bloc issued a joint statement saying that while it appreciated US efforts to combat terrorism, more needed to be done.
"It must be stressed that this step is not enough and the four countries will closely watch how serious the Qatari authorities are in their fight against all forms of funding, supporting and embracing terrorism," the statement said.
The Qatari authorities needed to do show their "seriousness in getting back to the natural and right path" and "comprehensively implement the just demands" of its neighbours, it added.
Mr Tillerson, who has said the demands must be "reasonable and actionable" and called for "constructive dialogue", held talks on Wednesday with the foreign ministers of the four states in the Saudi port city of Jeddah.


One of the world's rarest birds - the spoon-billed sandpiper - has laid eggs in captivity for the first time.

Two females laid seven eggs at the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust (WWT), Slimbridge, Gloucestershire.
There are only about 200 breeding pairs of the critically endangered species left in the wild.
Nigel Jarrett, from the trust, said when staff discovered the first egg last week they "almost couldn't believe it".
Mr Jarrett, WWT head of conservation, said staff had "done their best" to enhance breeding conditions, with special lightbulbs, timer switches and lots of sand and netting to recreate the experience of migrating from tropical Asia to Arctic Russia.
"For the last two years - ever since all the spoonies came into maturity - we've been doing everything to get these birds in the mood for love," he said.
"And for two years we've come up scratching our heads and feeling a bit deflated. Now, we've had two mums busy laying and the significance of it is only just starting to hit home."
The WWT began trying to establish a flock at Slimbridge in 2011, as a back-up to the wild population which was declining by up to 25% a year.
But with its extreme lifestyle - including making an annual 10,000-mile round-trip between Russian Arctic breeding grounds and wintering grounds in South East Asia - the bird has never been bred in captivity.
In the wild, the birds have been hit by loss of habitat in East Asia and bird trapping by villagers in Bangladesh and Burma.
Mr Jarrett said the trust was now on the road to breeding spoon-billed sandpipers in captivity, which was "the ultimate insurance policy for the species in the wild".


The first Pakistani female fighter pilot to die on operational service has been laid to rest after a funeral at a Karachi air force base.

Flying Officer Marium Mukhtiar was on a routine training mission on Tuesday when her plane met with an "in-flight emergency" over Mianwali district in Punjab province, the air force said.
She and her co-pilot ejected. She later died from her injuries in hospital.
Her body was taken to Karachi where the ceremony was held later that day.
Flying Officer Mukhtiar, who was 24, spoke to BBC News last year of her journey into a traditionally male-dominated world.
She was among about 20 female fighter pilots in the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), which only began inducting women in combat roles in 2006.
It was not immediately clear why her aircraft crashed. The male pilot was not badly injured and is recovering in hospital.
Pakistani Air Force officials were present as well as family members for the funeral prayers, local media said.
"She was indeed a role model for women and pride of Pakistan," said Chief of Army Staff General Raheel Shareef.
"Very sad to hear about the crash that killed Pakistan's female fighter pilot Mariam #Pakistan," said Sherry Rehman, vice president, Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) on Twitter.
Pakistan's military has suffered a series of air disasters in recent months.
In September a trainer jet crashed near Mastung in Balochistan province. The pilot ejected to safety.
A military helicopter crash in May killed seven people, including the ambassadors of Norway and the Philippines. Another military helicopter crashed near Mansehra district in August, killing 12 people.


A huge fire has destroyed a General Electric storage facility in Louisville, Kentucky.

The blaze sent up a pillar of black smoke that could be seen across the city.
There are no known injuries, and the facility has been evacuated, according to a GE official.
About 200 fire-fighters were deployed to the facility, which is primarily used for storage and office space.
GE Spokesman Dominic McMullan said that it is not yet known what caused the fire.
"We feel very fortunate that due to Good Friday being a holiday for employees that there were limited personnel working in Appliance Park today," he said.
Louisville Mayor Greg Fischer said that the area has been evacuated.
The Louisville Courier-Journal reported that "leaf-sized" pieces of charred insulation and soot were raining on residents up to three miles away from the scene.
People living within a half mile of the fire were told to remain inside, the paper reported.


Nintendo has reported a drop in profits, after relatively weak sales of games for its Wii U console.

The Japanese company's net income for the September-to-December quarter was 29.1 billion yen ($241m; Â£168m) - 36% lower than for the same period in 2014.
The results add to pressure on Nintendo to formally announce a new machine.
It has already started sending select developers a software kit for a forthcoming "Nintendo NX" console, according to the Wall Street Journal.
Nintendo pointed to the success of its Splatoon shooter and Super Mario Maker platform games for the Wii U, which have sold a combined total of 7.4 million copies to date.
But one company watcher said total sales of 10.25 million of Nintendo's own Wii U games over the last three months of the year were disappointing, reflecting fewer than one game sold for every Wii U bought to date, despite it being the Christmas period.
Part of that figure is accounted for by games bought by retailers that have not been sold to the public, and titles bundled with the 1.9 million new units of the console shipped over the three months.
"The history of how the Wii U was marketed and users' actual experiences have not lived up to expectations," said Piers Harding-Rolls, from the IHS consultancy.
"Even with some compelling games like Splatoon, they still haven't managed to drive sales of the platform."
Although other companies also publish titles for the Wii U, Nintendo's own games tend to dominate the market, which is not the case for Microsoft's Xbox One and Sony's PlayStation 4.
IHS now forecasts the Wii U will sell only a fifth of the number of consoles of its predecessor, the Wii, over its lifetime.
Nintendo's former chief executive Satoru Iwata died of cancer last July.
He had announced plans for a "non-wearable way to monitor health", but Nintendo has yet to reveal a related product.
Mr Iwata's successor, Tatsumi Kimishima, has taken the company in a new direction, promising to release smartphone apps as part of an alliance with the mobile games firm DeNA.
However, Mr Harding-Rolls said he believed Nintendo's main focus was on pushing out a successor to the Wii U.
"I think we'll definitely hear more about the NX at the E3 games expo [in June]," he said.
"It's also possible that we could also see a regional launch of the new product into the market this year, even if a global rollout has to wait."


A 15% increase in council tax has been approved in Surrey - before a referendum on the issue has been held.

Authorities are legally required to hold a vote on increases above 2%, but the council's cabinet gave the go-ahead on Tuesday.
If it is rubber-stamped by full council, residents could be landed with the tax hike in April - a month before May's ballot on the issue.
The Conservative-led council said government cuts were to blame.
It is expected to approve the new rates - which would add £200 a year to the bill for a Band D property - at a meeting next week.
Waiting until the referendum - to be held alongside local elections on 4 May - would prevent the council from starting "vital" work to identify areas for spending cuts, it said.
The ballot would cost up to £300,000, plus a further £630,000 to send out new bills if the rise was rejected, according to council documents.
It has drawn up an alternative budget in case it loses the referendum.
Government legislation says the council tax bills must be issued as usual in March and then amended if the rise is rejected in the referendum.
If paying by direct debit, council tax payers would be debited for April and May, including the increase, and if the rise is rejected their remaining monthly debits would be recalculated for the remaining months.
Those paying annually would receive a new bill and a refund if the budget is rejected in the public vote.
Surrey council tax rise: Your questions answered
Surrey County Council's planned 15% rise only affects its portion of the bill. The district councils, police and crime commissioner, fire authority and parish councils all set their own and add it to the overall charge.
However, when these are taken into account, council taxpayers across Surrey already have some of the highest bills in England.
Districts of Surrey account for 8 of the 10 largest average annual bills per home, according to figures from the Department for Communities and Local Government.
The average council tax in Elmbridge, taking into account property of every value, was £1,893 for 2016-17.
In Surrey Heath it was £1,810.
This is because the Band D rate (£1,696 in Elmbridge), often referred to as the "average", is not the average in areas with larger numbers of more valuable homes.
Claire Kober, chairman of the Local Government Association's resources board, said: "After years of striving to keep council tax as low as possible or frozen, many town halls have found themselves having to ask residents to pay more council tax over the next few years, particularly to try and offset some of the spiralling costs of social care.
"Services supporting the elderly and disabled are at breaking point. It cannot be left to council taxpayers alone to try and fix them.
"Only genuinely new additional government funding for social care will give councils any chance of protecting the services caring for our elderly and disabled."
I have been going to cabinet meetings at county hall for several years now, but the mood at this one was particularly solemn.
Conservative councillors said that such a large tax rise went "against the grain", was "counter intuitive" and done with a "heavy heart".
But, in the end, the vote in favour was unanimous.
Councillors also approved an alternative budget, based upon a 5% tax rise, in case the referendum in May is lost. However, they argued that this is not a sustainable option and would mean "draconian" cuts to services if it happened.
Will there be a last minute deal which leads to the referendum being cancelled? The council leader David Hodge said that if the government does make an offer of extra funding over the next few days, he will make a decision about bringing it to the full council meeting on 7 February. If an offer were to happen after that date, he said he would call an emergency meeting.
So there are negotiations taking place and it is still not certain that this tax increase will go ahead.
Councillor Hazel Watson, leader of the Lib-Dem opposition on the council, said: "The Conservative administration at County Hall is asking Surrey residents to pay more for less - an unreasonable and unaffordable 15% council tax increase and £93m of unspecified cuts in council services.
"It is time for the Tories at County Hall to end their secrecy and to spill the beans about the £93 million of cuts which are coming down the pipeline."
The council said the alternative budget would lead to cuts of £30m in 2017-18, rising to £73m in 2019-20.
The council said: "Because a referendum on the proposed council tax would not happen until 4 May 2017, the council would lose time beginning the extra work to achieve the additional £30m service reductions it would need to find within 2017/18."
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What is thought to be the first osprey chick of the latest breeding season for the birds of prey in the UK has hatched in the Highlands.

The young raptor is being raised by a female and male known as EJ and Odin at Loch Garten, near Grantown on Spey.
RSPB Scotland said the chick hatched at about 07:00 on Saturday and believe it to be the first osprey hatching in the UK this year.
Ospreys migrate from West Africa to breed in the UK and elsewhere.
EJ returned to Loch Garten for her 14th season.


Teachers in Wales are "extremely worried" about the future of foreign languages in the country, according to a British Council survey.

It found more than a third of Welsh schools now have less than 10% of Year 10 pupils studying a modern foreign language.
British Council Wales said prospects remained "extremely challenging".
The Welsh Government said its action plan to improve take-up of languages was already under way.
Other findings of the survey included:
Between 2002 and 2016, the number of pupils studying a foreign language to GCSE level has fallen by 48% to 6,891 pupils last year.
At A-level, numbers have fallen by 44% since 2001.
The report said the outlook for foreign languages looked "even more fragile in the context of financial pressures on schools and the potential impact of leaving the European Union".
It added that foreign language provision was further threatened by the underlying shortage of teachers.
It said the situation was likely to "become critical if the supply of teachers from other EU countries runs dry post-Brexit", as 34% of schools were reliant on such teachers.
The survey comes 18 months into the Welsh Government's five-year Global Futures plan to improve and promote modern foreign languages in Wales.
A Welsh Government spokesman said: "In recent months alone, the government committed further funding for national school mentoring projects led by academics and language students and signed an agreement with the Spanish government on language teaching.
"We believe that languages play an important part in giving a young person a well rounded education, to support them in becoming global citizens, who are able to communicate effectively in other languages and appreciate other cultures."
The 2016-17 survey is the third annual report into the state of language learning in secondary schools in Wales.
It was completed by foreign language teachers at 118 out of 210 secondary schools in the country.


Struggling Hartlepool dealt a blow to Exeter's automatic promotion hopes as they came from behind for victory.

Lewis Alessandra, who scored twice in the midweek win against Crewe, struck either side of Padraig Amond's thunderbolt as Pools - sitting third from bottom entering the clash - answered Ollie Watkins' opener to take a crucial three points.
Exeter looked threatening from the off and went ahead when goalkeeper Joe Fryer failed to keep out Watkins' 20-yard effort.
They continued to edge proceedings, Watkins heading narrowly wide from Craig Woodman's corner early in the second half.
Yet Paul Tisdale's men were hit with a sucker punch in the 66th minute when Alessandra coolly converted after Nathan Thomas' effort was blocked.
It went from bad to worse for the visitors three minutes later as, moments after Watkins was denied a penalty, Amond powered a left-footed strike into the top corner having been found by Rhys Oates.
And Hartlepool saved the best for last, Alessandra cutting in from the right wing and hammering home a brilliant low strike in injury time.
Match report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Hartlepool United 3, Exeter City 1.
Second Half ends, Hartlepool United 3, Exeter City 1.
Substitution, Hartlepool United. Josh Hawkes replaces Rhys Oates.
Jordan Moore-Taylor (Exeter City) is shown the yellow card.
Nathan Thomas (Hartlepool United) is shown the yellow card.
Attempt saved. Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal.
Goal!  Hartlepool United 3, Exeter City 1. Lewis Alessandra (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from outside the box to the bottom left corner.
Lloyd James (Exeter City) is shown the yellow card.
Foul by Scott Harrison (Hartlepool United).
Jordan Moore-Taylor (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Exeter City. Pierce Sweeney replaces Craig Woodman.
Padraig Amond (Hartlepool United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jordan Moore-Taylor (Exeter City).
Foul by Lewis Alessandra (Hartlepool United).
Jack Stacey (Exeter City) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Attempt blocked. Lewis Hawkins (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Substitution, Exeter City. Joel Grant replaces Jake Taylor.
(Hartlepool United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Ollie Watkins (Exeter City).
Attempt missed. Lewis Alessandra (Hartlepool United) left footed shot from the left side of the box is just a bit too high.
Foul by Kenton Richardson (Hartlepool United).
Liam McAlinden (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Lewis Alessandra (Hartlepool United).
Craig Woodman (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt missed. Padraig Amond (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the left.
Foul by Lewis Hawkins (Hartlepool United).
Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Goal!  Hartlepool United 2, Exeter City 1. Padraig Amond (Hartlepool United) left footed shot from the left side of the box to the top right corner. Assisted by Rhys Oates.
Goal!  Hartlepool United 1, Exeter City 1. Lewis Alessandra (Hartlepool United) left footed shot from the left side of the box to the high centre of the goal.
Attempt blocked. Nathan Thomas (Hartlepool United) right footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked.
Substitution, Exeter City. Liam McAlinden replaces Reuben Reid.
Scott Harrison (Hartlepool United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Reuben Reid (Exeter City).
Attempt saved. Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Foul by Lewis Hawkins (Hartlepool United).
David Wheeler (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Hartlepool United. Lewis Hawkins replaces Michael Woods.
Attempt missed. Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) header from the left side of the six yard box is close, but misses to the left following a corner.
Corner,  Exeter City. Conceded by Rhys Oates.
Attempt saved. Troy Brown (Exeter City) header from the centre of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal.


A range of new coins will be created by the Royal Mint in south Wales to mark Princess Charlotte's christening.

The princess's christening will take place at St Mary Magdalene Church in Norfolk on 5 July.
The new coin will be available in silver and gold to mark the occasion.
Director of commemorative coin Shane Bissett said: "It is only appropriate that we commemorate this significant occasion with the release of a special coin."
The coins' design will be approved by the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, the Queen and the Chancellor George Osborne.
It will then be revealed in the next couple of weeks.
A limited edition Â£5 coin was also issued by the Mint, based in Llantrisant, Rhondda Cynon Taff, to mark the princess's birth on 2 May.


Germany's central bank is to bring back almost 700 tonnes of gold reserves it keeps in New York and Paris.

By 2020, half of its gold bars will be in its vaults, the Bundesbank said. It currently keeps less than a third at home.
The bars were originally taken out of Germany as a precaution against an invasion from the Soviet Union.
Central banks keep gold abroad so that it can be used to quickly buy foreign currency in times of crisis.
The Bundesbank will no longer keep any of its reserves in Paris, as both countries use the euro.
It will reduce the amount it holds in New York from 45% to 37% by the end of the decade.
No gold will be moved out of the Bank of England's vaults, however. It will still keep 13% of its total reserves in London, the German central bank said.
According to the BBC's Berlin correspondent, Stephen Evans, the German audit office has criticised the government for not keeping a proper track of the bars,
It has even suggested some of the bars may not have been checked to see if they are real, he added.


England supporters' group Barmy Army has warned there is "too much risk" in fans travelling to Bangladesh for the team's tour in October.

It says there is "insufficient interest" to merit an organised tour, but will reconsider if fans are given the same security measures as players.
The tour was only given the go-ahead following a security review by the England and Wales Cricket Board.
ECB director of cricket Andrew Strauss says some players may choose not to go.
Moeen Ali, Chris Jordan and Liam Dawson have said they will travel if selected.
Strauss told BBC Sport he had given the players time to think about their decision and would meet with them later this week before the tour party is announced on 16 September.
We would hate for anyone to think that because England are going it is safe for anyone to go
Limited-overs captain Eoin Morgan is among those who reportedly have doubts, and he said after England's Twenty20 defeat by Pakistan on Wednesday that he had not yet made a decision.
"I have a few more days now to think about it," he told BBC Test Match Special.
"The decision will be based on if I feel safe going out there to play cricket."
Strauss confirmed: "He has had concerns and he has discussed those with me.
"It is an interesting situation with the captain questioning whether to go or not. People view a captain differently because they have different responsibilities. But they are still humans at the end of the day."
England will play three one-day internationals and two Tests starting on 7 October. The matches will take place in Chittagong and Dhaka, where 20 hostages died when a cafe was attacked in July.
Steve Smith, the office manager for the Barmy Army, which organises tours to England away series, said in a statement: "Our view is that supporters should apply the same criteria as the ECB to the tour.
"In other words, unless specific security measures and assurances are put in place, there is currently too much risk attached to travelling to Bangladesh."
Strauss said: "We would hate for anyone to think that because England are going it is safe for anyone to go.
"It is right that people make up their own mind on these things and come to these decisions based on Foreign Office advice, etcetera."
Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) advice is that "there is a heightened threat of further terrorist attacks" in Bangladesh, although a similar threat level applies to many European cities, including London.
The FCO says westerners are in particular danger of being targeted in Bangladesh, adding: "Crowded areas and places where westerners are known to gather may be at higher risk of attack."


The BBC has announced details of two dramas that will dramatise the Great Train Robbery from the perspective of its perpetrators and their pursuers.

The first, A Robber's Tale, stars Welsh actor Luke Evans as Bruce Reynolds, the key planner of the 1963 heist, who died last month at the age of 81.
The second, A Copper's Tale, will focus on the team of detectives assembled to bring the robbers to justice.
Julian Jarrold and James Strong will direct the two 90-minute programmes.
Neil Maskell, from the recent British thriller Kill List and Channel 4 drama Utopia, will play Ronald 'Buster' Edwards, the robber previously played by Phil Collins in 1988 film Buster.
Scottish actor Martin Compston will appear as getaway driver Roy James, while Ronnie Biggs will be portrayed by Jack Gordon.
The casting for the second drama is yet to be announced.
The two-parter follows Mrs Biggs, an ITV series that viewed the robbery and its aftermath from the perspective of Ronnie's now ex-wife Charmian.
Earlier this month, Sheridan Smith was nominated for a best actress prize by the Royal Television Society for playing the title role.
Chris Chibnall, writer and executive producer of the BBC's Great Train Robbery films, said the events of August 1963 had "passed into modern folklore".
"How fantastic that such a magnificent bunch of talented young stars have come together for our first film, to tell how one gang planned - and almost got away with - the British Crime of the Century."
Filming begins this month on the World Productions films, which will be screened on BBC One later this year to mark the 50th anniversary of the raid.
The gang targeted a mail train from Glasgow as it came through Buckinghamshire and escaped with a then-record haul of Â£2.6m - equivalent to around Â£40m today.
A Robber's Tale will begin with Reynolds' earlier planning and execution of a robbery at Heathrow Airport the preceding year.


More complaints have been made by staff at Swansea University's School of Management about they way they have been treated.

The BBC has seen an email written by the pro-dean of the department calling a former staff member "human garbage".
It follows a BBC investigation where employees voiced unhappiness about their treatment at work.
There is currently an investigation ongoing into the department following an earlier review.
The School of Management is headed by Prof Nigel Piercy who began his role as dean in 2013.
His son, Niall Piercy, who was employed as chairman of entrepreneurship in February 2013 and later made pro-dean, wrote the email seen by the BBC's Newyddion 9 programme for S4C.
Responding to a complaint in 2014, the pro-dean referred to a former member of staff as "being generally a worthless, lazy, amoral sack of human garbage".
The BBC is also aware of another email where the pro-dean used derogatory language towards staff.
Since Prof Nigel Piercy took on the role as dean, 23 academic staff - the majority at senior level - have left with several citing the way the department was being managed as the reason behind their departure.
In May, a number of current and former staff spoke to BBC Wales alleging poor management.
Another former employee has come forward to describe her experiences at the department.
Prof Alison Pullen, the department's first female professor, told the BBC how after returning from a conference, she found her office had been emptied and her profile deleted from the school's website without prior consultation.
She said: "I had been removed from the school despite teaching an enormous third year undergrad class of 200 students and marking their papers.
"My possessions had been removed with all my personal files and I had been removed from their website.
"I was extremely shocked and traumatised and it was at that point [that I realised] there was never going to be any consultation even with senior staff, professors. This wasn't just happening to me.
"I think this form of victimisation is very personal."
She said she felt the staff had been let down by the university and "persecution of staff has been allowed to take place."
Prof Pullen, who has made several complaints to the university, said after she contacted HR her office was restored.
Neither Prof Nigel Piercy or Prof Niall Piercy responded to the BBC's request for an interview.
But, in an email, Nigel Piercy disputed Prof Alison Pullen's claims.
He said: "A faulty computer was removed while she was at a conferenceâ€¦ no items were moved or cleared from the office.
"When Prof Pullen resigned she was removed from the webpage, as is standard housekeeping practice."
In response to pro-dean Niall Piercy's emails, Nigel Piercy said that he was not aware of any such incident and that he does not monitor his colleagues' emails.
He added that when staff raise concerns about teaching, the department always worked to resolve them, saying: "I am not aware of formal complaints from any member of staff regarding next year's teaching allocation."
"The School of Management is fully committed to providing the best possible student experience, and accordingly we try hard to ensure staff teach the modules they want to teach and in the manner they want to teach them," he said.
Criticism has also been directed at how the university has dealt with complaints from staff about how the School of Management is being run.
One academic, who wanted to remain anonymous, said: "I'm more disappointed with the university system than what's going on in the schoolâ€¦ there are so many procedures in place in the university and personally so many staff members have approached the personnel department in the university, but in practice nothing concrete has been done until now.
"I think we've been completely let down by what has been done."
In a statement, a spokesman for the University and College Union (UCU) said: "We are currently dealing with a number of cases in the School of Management where UCU members feel that their workload is affecting their well-being and their teaching."
The university declined to put anybody up for interview, but in a statement it said: "The university has robust anti-bullying policies and prides itself on positive relationships with trade unions.
"Any concerns raised internally about the School of Management are dealt with by the university registrar in accordance with procedures agreed with the trade unions."


Former US football star and actor OJ Simpson has told a parole board "I've done my time," as he asked for release after nine years in a Nevada prison.

Simpson, who was acquitted for a double murder in 1995, is serving time for armed robbery, assault with a deadly weapon and 10 other charges.
The sentence, which carries a maximum of 33 years, stems from a 2007 confrontation at a Las Vegas hotel.
Simpson, 70, had said he was only trying to reclaim his possessions.
The former Hall of Fame running back was found guilty in 2008 - exactly 13 years to the day after he was famously acquitted for the killings of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman.
He and a group of five others stormed into a hotel room to confront two sports-memorabilia collectors to seize items that he claimed belonged to him from his own career.
The hearing for Prisoner 1027820 is happening at the Lovelock Correctional Facility, a medium security prison in the Nevada desert.
"Mr Simpson, you are getting the same hearing that everyone else gets," a parole panellist, Connie Bisbee, told him as Thursday's hearing began.
"Sure," he replied in a husky voice with a shrug and a smile. "Thank you, ma'am."
Simpson told parole officials that the objects he took from the Las Vegas hotel room were later ruled by officials to legally belong to him.
One panellist asked: "So you believe that the property was yours?"
"It's been ruled legally by the state of California," Simpson responded in a raised voice, leaning forward.
He said the belongings, which he described as images of his family and friends, were later handed over to him by officials.
"It's kind of mind-boggling that they turned over to me property that I'm in jail for, for trying to retrieve."
Bruce Fromong, who one of Simpson's victims in the robbery, testified in favour of his release.
"I've known OJ for a long time," said Mr Fromong. "I don't feel that he's a threat to anyone.
"He's a good man. It's time to give him a second chance. It's time for him to go home to his family, his friends."
Simpson appeared to dab a tear during Mr Fromong's testimony.
If four out of seven members of the parole board vote in favour of his release, Simpson could be free by October.
Experts believe he is likely to be approved for release, after a record of good behaviour at the Lovelock prison.
Another panellist asked him if he had completed a specific self-improvement course since his last parole hearing.
He said he had not, but that he had taken another course called "alternative to violence".
"I think it's the most important course anybody in this prison can take because it teaches you how to deal with conflict through conversation," he said.
"I've spent a conflict-free life," he continued, when asked if he had completed an anti-violence course.
Simpson also told the commissioners he had helped establish a Baptist prayer event, adding: "I could have been a better Christian."
The prisoner also rejected the suggestion that he had an alcohol problem.
"I've done my time," he said. "I've done it as well and as respectfully as anybody can. I think if you talk to the wardens they'll tell you.
"I've not complained for nine years. All I've done is try to be helpfulâ€¦ and that's the life I've tried to live because I want to get back to my kids and family."
In 2013 the Nevada Board of Parole Commissioners granted him parole on some of his convictions, but for not the more violent charges.
The prisoner's daughter, Arnelle Simpson, choked up as she told the parole board: "My experience with him is that he's like my best friend and my rock.
"As a family we recognise that he is not the perfect man, but he's clearly a man and a father who's done his best to behave in a way that speaks to his overall nature and character, which is always to be positive, no matter what."
She added: "He is remorseful, he truly is remorseful."
The board, which normally takes days to make a decision, went behind closed doors to deliberate and said they would announce their ruling shortly.


A wrestling show has been criticised for featuring an "Islamic flag-waving baddie" who the crowd were told to boo.

The character, wielding a green flag emblazoned with Arabic writing, was pitted against a Union Flag-bearing opponent during the Superslam show at Butlin's in Skegness.
The holiday camp has apologised after a guest complained that the event was in poor taste.
The show's promoters said they had made a "clear error of judgement".
Father-of-two Christian Cerisola, from Newcastle-upon-Tyne, complained after attending the bout with his children on Saturday.
Mr Cerisola described the show as "an horrific race hate-filled 10 minutes with everything wrong on racial stereotypes".
He said: "I felt I was dropped into the middle of a Britain First rally.
"Out came 'Hakim', an Islamic flag-waving baddie, and then came Union flag trunk-wearing Tony Spitfire, chanting 'En-Ger-land' over and over.
"It was the fact we were encouraged to cheer the Englishman with his jingoistic name, Tony Spitfire, and boo a very stereotypical style of Muslim.
"In my mind we were led to believe Hakim was the Muslim against the good English guy."
A spokesman for Butlin's said it was "very concerned" to receive the complaint and an investigation had been launched.
"We thank the guest for bringing this to our attention," he said. "We have since spoken to him to assure him this is a matter we are investigating and to apologise for the distress caused.
"We would like to assure guests that this was a very unfortunate one-off which we find completely unacceptable, and is totally contrary to Butlin's values. It will not happen again."
Brian Dixon, managing director of All-Star Wrestling, said: "Saturday's wrestling show was different to the agreed content, and Butlin's were not made aware of the change.
"We regret this clear error of judgment, as well as the obvious offence and upset caused.
"We wish to apologise to Butlin's and their guests, and stress that this will not happen again."


Cymru Alliance sides Prestatyn Town, Caernarfon Town, Guilsfield and Llanfair United all earned shock Welsh Cup wins to reach the quarter-finals.

Welsh Premier League Aberystwyth Town, Rhyl, Cardiff Met and Cefn Druids were all humbled by lower league opposition.
Prestatyn thrashed Aberystwyth Town 5-1, 10-man Caernarfon Town beat Rhyl 3-2, Guilsfield beat Cardiff Met 4-2 while Llanfair sunk Cefn Druids 4-1.
Meanwhile, reigning Welsh Cup holders The New Saints beat Llanelli 7-0.
Cymru Alliance leaders Prestatyn coasted through against Aberystwyth Town courtesy of an own goal from Sam Rodon, a first-half goal from Noah Edwards and a second-half hat-trick from James Stead. Luke Sherbon ensured the Welsh Premier League side got on the scoresheet, however.
Caernarfon Town, who are second in the Cymru Alliance, beat Rhyl in extra time despite having Nathan Craig sent off as Carl Owen struck in the 116th minute to see them through.
Jamie Davies scored a hat-trick for Llanfair United as they came from behind to comfortably beat Cefn Druids after Steve Blenkinsop put the Welsh Premier League side in front early on.
The Saints will travel to Bangor, who beat Llandudno 4-0 in their fourth-round tie, in the quarter-finals, which take place on the weekend of 25 and 26 February.
Elsewhere, Llanfair United will meet Caernarfon Town in a second-tier face-off in the last eight while Welsh Premier League sides gap Connah's Quay and Bala Town will play Prestatyn and Guilsfield respectively.
To be played weekend of 25-26 February
Llanfair United v Caernarfon Town
The New Saints v Bangor City
Prestatyn Town v gap Connah's Quay
Guilsfield FC v Bala Town


Jersey booked a spot in the British & Irish Cup semi-finals for the second season in a row thanks to a dominant display against Cornish Pirates.

The Reds were 21-6 ahead by half-time after Nick Scott's score and a penalty try helping them get on top.
Scrum-half Joel Dudley and his replacement Sami Fisilau both went over after the break to secure the victory for the hosts.
Pirates captain Tom Duncan and Paul Andrew grabbed late consolation tries.
The game was the second clash between the sides in less than a week, after Jersey's narrow win in Penzance in the Championship on Sunday.
Will Cargill's boot put the visitors ahead in the opening minutes but the Reds dominated in the forwards and were soon ahead when winger Scott was found in space on the left and crossed in the corner.
Cargill's penalty narrowed the deficit but a penalty-try after a series of scrums near the line gave the islanders the healthy half-time advantage.
Dudley, later to be named man-of-the-match, snuck in down the blindside of a scrum to further extend the Jersey lead before Tongan international Fisilau went over for a converted score to make it 36-6 and put the result beyond doubt.
Pirates rallied late on though, as first Duncan and then Andrew touched-down from close range, but it was nowhere near enough to prevent the Reds going through to the last four.
Reds head coach Harvey Biljon told BBC Radio Jersey: "It doesn't matter if you win by one point or win by 16 points, in a quarter-final it's about getting through to the next round.
"The players spoke about getting off to a good start and making sure they could build on a lead and they absolutely did that tonight.
"The energy throughout, both in attack and defence, was massive."
Pirates player-coach Alan Paver told BBC Radio Jersey: "If you look at the game there was only one winner [Jersey] and deservedly so.
"I felt Jersey came out with a spring in their step and a dominance in the set-piece and they carried that through.
"We just kept going and it was lovely to get those two tries at the end but when you look at the whole 80 minutes we were outplayed."
Cornish Pirates: May; O'Meara, De Battista, Bartlett, Moyle; Cargill, Day; Walker, Innard, Andrew, Parker, Beukeboom, Cheesman, Stevens, Duncan (capt).
Replacements: Andrew, Chapman, Paver, Lee, Pope, May, Arnott.
Jersey Reds: Cuthbert; Watkins, Davies, Ma'afu, Scott; Sheedy, Dudley; Woolmore, Macfarlane, Kerrod, Phillips, Voss, Freeman (capt), Graham, Haining.
Replacements: Selway, Tampin, Armstrong, Kolo'ofa'i, Argyle, Fisilau, Robling.
Referee: Jack Makepeace.
Attendance: 1,515.
For the latest rugby union news follow @bbcrugbyunion on Twitter.


A letter from a nurse accused of poisoning and murdering patients that said he was going "straight to hell" was admitting guilt, a court has heard.

But Victorino Chua, 49, told a jury at Manchester Crown Court the suggestion was untrue.
The Filipino father-of-two denies murdering three patients and poisoning 18 others at Stepping Hill Hospital in Stockport, in June and July of 2011.
Earlier this week a 13-page handwritten letter was read to the court.
Peter Wright QC, prosecuting, returned repeatedly to the letter as he cross-examined the defendant, citing the words Mr Chua had written in the "deeply personal" document, found by police at the nurse's home after his arrest for murder.
Mr Chua, of Churchill Street, Stockport, said he wrote the letter after a counsellor suggested he use it as an "outlet" for his anger and frustration.
But Mr Wright suggested the reason why he wrote "if I go, I go straight to hell" was as an admission of guilt.
"The reason I suggest is because of what you had done and were prepared to do," the prosecutor said.
Mr Chua replied: "Like what?"
Mr Wright continued: "Like contaminating products in the hospital. Like altering the prescription charts of patients.
"Like administering insulin to patients who were not diabetic and non insulin dependent. Like these things, Mr Chua?"
The defendant replied: "No, that's not true."
Mr Chua said he was writing about "evil thoughts" not deeds.
The prosecution alleges Mr Chua used a hypodermic needle to puncture saline bags and ampoules and inject them with insulin between June 2011 and January 2012 and that they were used unwittingly by other nurses leading to a series of insulin overdoses and three deaths.
Mr Chua, is accused of killing Tracey Arden, 44, Arnold Lancaster, 71, and Alfred Weaver, 83,
The trial continues.


Young men are being encouraged to check their testicles on a regular basis; as not enough do according to research seen by Newsbeat.

Orchid, a leading male cancer charity, says only 38% of 18 to 34-year-olds are confident in recognising the signs of testicular cancer.
That's despite it being the most common type of the disease to affect young men.
Will Gingell found a lump in one of his testicles when he was 17.
"It came out of nowhere really," he tells Newsbeat.
"I just found a very distinct lump. It was very hard, solid and felt very different. There was no pain, aching, nothing, I felt fine."
Though it was only when Will asked his girlfriend Lucy for a second opinion that he sought professional help.
"When Will first came to me and said he had a lump, he said it in a jokey way," she explains to Newsbeat.
"It was a very distinct, hard lump on the side of his testicle. It didn't look right and it didn't feel right.
"Straight away I told him he had to go and get a doctor to look at it."
According to Cancer Research UK around 2,300 men are diagnosed with testicular cancer in the UK every year.
That's double what it was 40 years ago.
"Not once did either of us at the time think 'oh there's a lump, therefore that means cancer,'" Lucy says.
"It was more that it could be a cyst or it's just abnormal, so I think it was very easy for Will to just dismiss it."
But after going to see a doctor Will and Lucy were told it was cancer.
Testicular cancer is one of the most treatable types of the disease. More than 96% of men with early stage testicular cancer will be completely cured.
"I wasn't scared," the 28-year-old says.
"It was a case of 'this is what I've found, what do I need to do to get rid of it and how do I move forward?'"
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy weren't deemed necessary, but Will was told he was going to have to have his cancerous testicle removed.
"It's one of those things that can really knock a man. I was offered a prosthetic testicle, but it wasn't something I really looked at."
While some patients who undergo chemotherapy may be asked if they want to freeze some of their sperm, this wasn't something doctors felt Will needed to do.
Then nine months ago Lucy gave birth to the couple's first child.
"This just goes to show that fertility isn't [necessarily] an issue and you still can have children," Will says.
The couple now believe getting people to check their own or their partner's privates is crucial.
"There's no point being embarrassed about it.," says William.
"It's nothing to be embarrassed about. This is a life threatening disease.
"If you've got a concern - go and see a doctor. At the end of the day, that's what they're paid for and it could save your life."
For advice on what to feel when testing yourself or your partner for symptoms of testicular cancer, visit BBC Advice.
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A police officer "deliberately lied" in a witness statement claiming a man had behaved in an "extremely abusive" way, a court has heard.

PC David Norman, 52, of Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, made the false statement after being called to a dispute between neighbours in Milford Haven.
Swansea Crown Court heard he was "caught out" by a CCTV recording.
He denies carrying out an act tending or intending to pervert the course of justice.
The court heard PC Norman, who worked for Dyfed-Powys Police, arrested the man for a public order offence on 21 January, 2016.
He later wrote a statement saying he had became "extremely abusive, shouting and screaming" and was swearing.
But John Hipkin, for the prosecution, said PC Norman was "caught out" because the man had CCTV on his house which recorded images and sound and showed he spoke only in a normal voice.
Mr Hipkin said that what PC Norman later told investigating officers might be the reason for the false statement.
According to Mr Hipkin, he said: "I have been in situations with him before when he has been incredibly hostile to me and I have listened to him spouting out abuse and was shocked by his language."
The man was arrested and spent two days in custody before being released, the court heard.
Mr Hipkin added PC Norman "was adamant that he had not done it deliberately nor had he intended to pervert the course of justice".
PC Norman added that he was having personal problems at the time of the incident.
The trial continues.


A young offenders' unit at the centre of abuse allegations is to start accepting some new inmates again following a series of inspections.

The Youth Justice Board had stopped sending children to the Medway Secure Training Centre in Rochester after an investigation by the BBC's Panorama.
The programme included footage showing staff mistreating and abusing inmates.
But Justice Secretary Michael Gove has agreed individuals can be admitted if considered in their "best interests".
The freeze on admissions to Medway, which is run by G4S, was imposed following the Panorama programme in January which highlighted claims of abuse relating to 10 boys.
Five men have been arrested on suspicion of either child neglect or assault and bailed until April.
Five members of staff were sacked and three more suspended, while the unit's director, Ralph Marchant, stood down.
But while the Ministry of Justice has ordered a moratorium on the "usual" placement of children at Medway - which takes 12-to-17-year-olds both on remand and convicted - it has said children can be admitted "on a case-by-case basis".
This must be in consultation with their relatives and the relevant Youth Offending Team.
A spokesperson for the Youth Justice Board, which oversees the entire system, said the move followed a number of visits to Medway from independent organisations, including Ofsted, HM Inspectorate of Prisons and the Office of the Children's Commissioner.
"None of these agencies have identified any immediate safeguarding concerns," she said.
"This view is supported by the findings of our own enhanced monitoring activity, which has not uncovered any new evidence of staff misconduct or inappropriate practice."
The Medway Improvement Board's formal review of the unit in the wake of the Panorama programme is expected to report at the end of the month.
Paul Cook, managing director of children's services at G4S, said: "We have been working hard to review every aspect of our recruitment, training, reporting and governance processes to address the issues identified... earlier this year, and it is encouraging that the Youth Justice Board will start to place young people at the centre once again."
He said that although G4S recently announced its intention to withdraw from children's services, including at Medway, the company was "committed to the welfare of young people at the centre and responding to the serious issues raised at the beginning of the year."


A British man is missing in Vietnam after falling while attempting to climb the country's highest mountain.

Aiden Webb, 22, from Norwich, was climbing Fansipan mountain alone on Friday when he fell down a ravine and lost his way, his girlfriend Bluebell Baughan said.
Mr Webb, described as an experienced climber, was last heard from on Saturday when his phone went dead.
The Foreign Office confirmed it was assisting his family.
Mr Webb and Miss Baughan were on a four-month trip when he injured his arm and knee in the fall on the 3,100m (10,300ft) high Fansipan mountain in the north of Vietnam.
More on this and other stories from Norfolk
"He went to the mountain alone without a guide at 06:00 and aspired to climb it in one day," Miss Baughan said.
She was in touch with Mr Webb by phone when he informed her he had fallen and could not find his way back to the trail.
"He was sure he could make it back but by nightfall it was apparent he wasn't going to," she said.
"Aiden said a rock had cut his arm open and he had hurt his knee. We were in touch all night.
"He said no-one would be able to find him, but by 6am on Saturday he finally agreed to me getting help."
Miss Baughan, who is helping co-ordinate the search from the town of Sa Pa, said rescuers had been on the mountain since Saturday morning.
"Thirty-two men spent last night on the mountain, a mixture of military police, forestry workers and local police.
"There is only one police officer here in Sa Pa who speaks English, but everyone has been very helpful," she said.
Miss Baughan said conditions on the mountain were "very cold and wet".
"Aiden is a very good climber, but he is injured," she said.
Mr Webb's father and uncle are expected to arrive in Vietnam this evening although they will not reach the north until Tuesday.
A Foreign and Commonwealth Office spokeswoman said: "We are supporting the family of Aiden Webb, a British man reported missing in Vietnam. We are working closely with the local authorities leading the search."


A woman has been jailed for four years for her role in a £5.2m magazine scam which duped up to 15,000 victims.

Gayle Leahair, 41, from Rainhill, Merseyside, was operations manager for a team which conned firms into buying adverts in a bogus magazine.
The man behind the Liverpool-based scam, George Williams, 51, was jailed for seven years in January.
Four other men were also sentenced on the same day as Williams at Liverpool Crown Court.
Leahair, of Warrington Road, who was jailed on Thursday, was convicted with Williams in December of conspiracy to commit fraud by false representation and fraudulent trading.
The court had been told they produced a publication called "Emergency Services News" from an office in Dale Street.
They should have produced about 1.2m copies to fulfil their promises to clients but instead police found they only printed 30,000 copies.
The defendants, who called themselves Weinstein Williams Associates Ltd, were found to have falsely claimed that they worked for the emergency services.


The original idea of a single Education and Skills Authority (ESA) for Northern Ireland was abandoned after seven years of fruitless negotiation, but now plans are well advanced for the substitute Education Authority.

The EA will take over from Northern Ireland's existing five education and library boards at midnight on 31 March 2015.
It is a more modest organisation than planned, and is really one very large board, rather than a completely new concept.
However, it will streamline the provision of education services and save some of the money which was spent on too many boards with duplicated jobs and services.
The deputy permanent secretary of the Department of Education, Fiona Hepper, told the education committee that it will have an annual budget of £1.5bn and a total of 37,000 employees.
That includes those working in schools but about 2,500 people work directly for the five education boards.
The original aim was to cut the number of those staff but because of a freeze on recruitment that has largely already been achieved.
The next group to feel cuts is middle and senior management - 50% of existing managers will go within the next few years.
That means 30 people who are likely to leave through voluntary redundancy, retirement or resignation, according to the Department of Education.
Because so many board jobs have gone, savings have been made already.
Ms Hepper said the original estimate was £185m over 10 years, when in fact the estimate is now closer to £250m.
The current chief executives will be replaced at the top by the interim chief executive Gavin Boyd.
He can stay in that post for a year or longer before a permanent CEO is chosen.
The former chief executives will stay in senior jobs in the meantime but will be called "regional managing directors".
The interim chief executive says a priority is to appoint an interim head of finance and head of human resources.
Those departments are said to "be under very real pressure because of job losses".
The Minister for Education, John O'Dowd, is currently deciding on the duties and salaries of a new second tier of managers.
The post of chairperson has been advertised and is said to have attracted a good level of interest.  Interviews have been carried out and the process of appointment is in its final stages.
Eight political parties and other interest groups are currently choosing their nominees to the board of the new Education Authority.
The former principal of Belfast's Ashfield Boys school, Dr Andy McMorran, has been revealed as the Ulster Unionist representative.


Paul Heaton and Jacqui Abbott are to stage a stadium concert as part of Hull's City of Culture celebrations.

The duo will headline Beauty in the East at Hull's KC Lightstream Stadium on 3 June 2017.
Heaton and Abbott will perform their own material as well as songs from their former band, The Beautiful South, and The Housemartins, which Heaton was a member of in the 1980s.
The Divine Comedy and Billy Bragg have also been announced as performers.
Heaton formed The Housemartins after he settled in Hull in 1983.
Martin Green, CEO and director of Hull UK City of Culture 2017, said the concert would be "one of the highlights of the summer".
"The event's location will resonate powerfully for everyone that lives here and we can expect the atmosphere to be electric," he said.
The Lightstream Stadium is well known as the home of the Hull Kingston Rovers rugby league club.
More performers for the concert will be announced in the coming weeks, organisers said.
Life after The Beautiful South
Why City of Culture will change Hull
The Housemartins released two top 10 albums while the band was active in the 1980s.
After the band broke up in 1988, Heaton formed The Beautiful South, who stayed together for 19 years.
Abbott was the lead vocalist in the band between 1994 and 2000 and sang on several of their best-known hits, including Rotterdam and Perfect 10.
Heaton went on to record two solo albums after the The Beautiful South broke up, and he and Abbott later released two albums as a duo.
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


Police are being investigated over the way they responded to concerns for a Rotherham man the day before he died in a fire.

South Yorkshire Police visited Robert Walton, 66, at his home on Meadow Street in Dinnington on 7 April in response to concerns about his welfare.
He was found dead following a fire at his home the next day.
The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) will examine whether officers made the right decisions.


German police say they believe an iron gate stolen in 2014 from a former Nazi concentration camp at Dachau has been found in Norway.

Bavaria's police say their colleagues in Bergen found a gate with the Nazi slogan "Arbeit Macht Frei" ("Work sets you free") after an anonymous tip-off.
After receiving photos from Norway, the police say it is "highly likely" to be the infamous gate.
More than 40,000 people were murdered by the Nazis in Dachau, near Munich.
Built in 1933, the camp at Dachau was the first Nazi concentration camp and it initially housed political prisoners.
Thousands of Jews, foreigners and other groups persecuted by the Nazis were later held at Dachau. Many inmates were shot or gassed, with thousands others dying through disease or overwork.
The camp was liberated by US troops in 1945.
It is now a memorial, attracting hundreds of thousand of visitors from around the world.


We're fast approaching the 70th anniversary next month of the dropping of the first nuclear bomb, on Hiroshima.

The world changed on 6 August 1945. Arguably, the appalling effects of that first atomic strike - and the subsequent attack on Nagasaki - have played a large part in the determination to prevent the use of far more devastating weapons developed since.
Back then, the US was the only nation with "the bomb".
The story since has been of the steady spread, the proliferation, of nuclear weapons: first to Russia, Britain, France and China - then to Israel (although never officially acknowledged), India, Pakistan, North Korea.
The big powers seemed either unable or unwilling to prevent that spread except perhaps now - in the case of Iran.
All sorts of conflicting signals are coming out of the international talks in Vienna meant to end all the hostility between the major world powers and Iran over its much disputed nuclear programme. There's talk of both breakdown and possible breakthrough.
So why is it judged so important to stop Iran?
I asked Sir John Sawers, chief British negotiator with Iran from 2003 to 2007, and after that the UK's representative on the UN Security Council when sanctions against Iran were being decided.
He said: "If Iran acquired a nuclear weapon, then it would change the dynamic across the Middle East.
"It would make them invulnerable to any response to their unacceptable behaviour in the region."
Sir John told me: "If there is an agreement then, first of all, it gives everyone much greater assurance that Iran is not going to make a break for nuclear weapons.
"It opens the possibility of Iran and its Arab neighbours coming together and developing a more normal relationship.
"At the moment, the Middle East is riven by disputes - many of them along Sunni-Shia lines - and if we can create a possibility whereby Saudis and Iranians can talk to one another and it is not driven by continuous hostility, then there is a possibility of creating a different sort of Middle East."
It's not just August 1945 which hangs heavy over the negotiations with Iran.
The events of February 1979 in Iran itself, and everything which has followed, help explain the years of suspicion and outright hostility between Tehran and Washington which a nuclear deal could do so much to ease.
Ayatollah Khomeini's triumphant return to Tehran - on 1 February 1979 - from exile in Paris to take power as supreme leader of an Islamic Republic symbolises the moment when the US and its allies lost control of Iran with the fall of the shah.
The years of blatant Western interference were over.
Ruhollah Khomeini was born in Kohmeyn in central Iran. He became a religious scholar and in the early 1920s rose to become an 'ayatollah', a term for a leading Shia scholar.
Arrested in 1962 by the shah's security service for his outspoken opposition to the pro-Western regime of the Shah. His arrest elevated him to the status of national hero.
Exiled in 1964, living in Turkey, Iraq and then France, from where he urged his supporters to overthrow the shah.
In January 1979, the shah's government collapsed and he and his family fled into exile. On 1 February, Khomeini returned to Iran in triumph.
There was a national referendum and Khomeini won a landslide victory. He declared an Islamic republic and was appointed Iran's political and religious leader for life.
Islamic law was introduced across the country.
The new religious leadership inherited a nuclear research programme, but consistently denies expanding it with the aim of making "the bomb".
The big powers have never accepted that, pointing instead to all the Iranian effort to produce highly-enriched uranium in the quantities you could only need to build a bomb, as well as the secrecy and alleged concealment of so much activity which is specifically outlawed by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty to which Iran is a signatory.
Years of pressure applied by sanctions and negotiations to find a way forward have now reached a point where agreement could - just could - be possible.
I spoke to Ariane Tabatabai, of Georgetown University, who, like me, has been in Vienna to follow what is supposed to be the endgame in these talks.
She told me: "Ultimately, the negotiations are about making sure that Iran's nuclear programme remains peaceful and to do that it needs to provide a set of assurances and that would mean Iran scaling back some of its nuclear activities.
"It will also provide more transparency to the International Atomic Energy Agency to make sure that everything is essentially under constant monitoring, with enhanced access given to its facilities so the international community can verify that Iran is holding its end of the bargain."
Which brings us neatly to the unanswerable question: Is the Iranian leadership ready to make a bargain?
It could be, partly to pacify those Iranians fed up with sanctions which help cripple their economy and symbolise isolation from a fast-developing world they yearn to be part of.
Professor Ali Ansari, historian of Iran at St Andrews University, pointed me to another of the country's ambitions, which is to recover some of the global respect which Iran believes it is due.
"What the Iranians are after is a degree of respect as a country that considers itself a great power - certainly in the region - that has not had a good time in the last century or so.
"The real pride and achievement is that they have developed what they've considered to be an indigenous nuclear industry.
"One of the arguments many people have made is that an Islamic government wouldn't be scientifically advanced.
"Well for the Iranians, you know, this is, sort of proof that it actually can be, if they put their mind to it."
But Prof Ansari is far from certain that a deal can be done, and - even if it is - that it will hold.
And Sir John, from all his years negotiating with Iran, is blunt: "Whenever you buy a carpet in Iran, you have to buy it two, three times over.
"You sometimes feel that is the same in the nuclear negotiations as well. There is an Iranian saying that the real negotiation only begins once the agreement is signed.
"They will always come back for more. Even if we get an agreement - it doesn't mean it is 'peace in our time'."
So suspicion on both sides remains strong.
Whatever happens in the next few days, building and then maintaining trust between Iran and the key world powers, particularly the US, is still the toughest of all the challenges.


A London-based media company has said a video it published of a cyclist taking revenge after verbal abuse may have been staged.

Jungle Creations said the video, posted on its Facebook channel on Tuesday, failed to meet its usual standards and "may be factually incorrect".
The video, apparently shot from a motorbike, shows a young female cyclist being verbally abused by men in a van on a busy central London street.
She hits the wing mirror, at which one of the men asks: "You on your period?"
He then reaches out to touch the cyclist and asks for her number before driving away.
The young woman races to catch up to the van, which stops in a parking spot.
The cyclist reaches across to the wing mirror and yanks it off.
Several men are seen shouting and getting out of the van while the motorcylist shouts: "That's exactly what you deserve, you scum," as the cyclist disappears down the road.
The video received over one million views on the Viral Threads Facebook group and was picked up by multiple media companies, including the Sun, the Metro, the Independent and the Evening Standard.
Some people responded enthusiastically - applauding the woman for standing up for herself and the motorcyclist for berating the van drivers.
However, social media users on Facebook and on the comment boards Reddit were quick to protest, furiously debating why they believed the video was staged,
One Reddit user questioned why the motorcyclist had stayed behind the comparatively slower cyclist.
Another suggested that this had been to ensure that the recording of audio was not disturbed by fast moving air.
There are other unanswered questions about the video posed by the internet, including about the apparently superhuman physical strength of the cyclist.
Melissa Chapman, who leads social media at Jungle Creations, responded to allegations on YouTube that the video was staged by asserting that the motorcyclist who had filmed it had sent the video to the company.
The BBC asked Jungle Creations for information about the biker or evidence of a contract signed with the video creator but received no response.
Other media organisations were also asking questions, and one witness came forward claiming that he had seen actors making the video.
Scott Deane told the Sun newspaper that he had seen actors receiving instructions before the scene had been filmed.
"I saw this very attractive girl with a bike talking to a blonde guy who was giving her instructions," he said.
"Then three guys dressed in orange site clothes turned up in a van and the blonde bloke was giving them instructions too.
"He was telling the girl, 'You need to ride behind the van aggressively.'"
Another man claimed on Twitter that his colleagues had told him they had seen actors being given instructions and that the video had required two takes.
The founder of Jungle Creations, Jamie Bolding, denied creating the video and told the Evening Standard: 'We couldn't verify its authenticity, but we don't think it's fake."
The Guardian reported that Jungle Creations were selling the video at Â£400 for publication on the Guardian websites and Â£150 for social media channels.
Claims that the video had been staged also escalated into claims it was an example of "fake news"
After several hours of wild speculation and feverish commenting, Jungle Creations admitted on Wednesday afternoon that the video could indeed be fake.
By Georgina Rannard, UGC and Social news