Spotlight is the bookies' favourite to take best film at this year's Oscars, over Leonardo Di Caprio's western The Revenant.

The movie, which has six Academy Award nominations compared to The Revenant's 12, is all about upsetting the balance of power.
The film focuses on a piece of groundbreaking journalism that rocked the foundations of the Catholic Church in 2002, when four reporters, the investigative Spotlight team of the Boston Globe newspaper, ran an expose on how the church had covered up sexual abuse by more than 70 priests in the Boston area.
The story would lead, not only to the resignation of Boston's Cardinal, but to the uncovering of further abuse in 102 cities in the USA, and 105 dioceses worldwide.
Stanley Tucci, who plays a lawyer representing victims of abuse, describes the script as "no fuss, no fat, no fluff - there's no love story or distraction from the purpose of the movie, which is to tell the story of the investigation".
Spotlight is directed by actor and writer Tom McCarthy, best known for his part as Scott Templeton in The Wire. And Tucci is joined on the cast list by Michael Keaton, Rachel McAdams and Mark Ruffalo, who play the Spotlight team.
McCarthy, who is nominated for best director and best adapted screenplay, agrees that to focus on the journalists rather than the abuse itself was an unusual step, but points out the scale of their achievement.
"It's extraordinary that this story was uncovered by a team of four local reporters, who put themselves against the might of one of the world's most powerful institutions," he says.
"And the fact they uncovered the story was an achievement in itself. Even though these events took place 15 years ago, just before 9/11, we forget how much the world has changed. It was, effectively, a pre-digital world, and so much of their research was done meticulously in library basements, in courthouses, in poring over newspaper clippings.
"This is an example of really strong local journalism that went on to have a national and then a global impact. It's important to remember when funding for this kind of investigative reporting has taken a huge hit."
The investigation started in 2001 when a new editor of the Boston Globe, Marty Baron, ordered the Spotlight team to follow up on a small column in the paper about a local priest accused of sexually abusing children and teenagers over the course of 30 years.
The Spotlight editor, Walter Robinson, along with reporters Michael Rezendes and Sacha Pfeiffer, began to research the case.
Over the course of a year, they discovered a systematic establishment cover-up of the paedophile activities of scores of priests.
Their reporting would lead the way for more exposes in more than 200 cities across the world.
While many of the cast and crew, including Mark Ruffalo, have a Catholic background, Tucci believes seeing the film "as an attack, or a condemnation of Catholicism, would be wrong.
"It's actually absolutely the opposite - it's a condemnation of corruption, especially the corruption of basic Christian tenets. It's a condemnation of the abuse of power, and people who abuse the real innocents in society.
"The Catholic Church has so many great things to offer, and these people took advantage of it. I don't just mean the priests, I mean those who covered it up."
The current Pope, Francis, asked in 2014 for "forgiveness" for historic abuse committed by Catholic clergy, and Tucci says he finds him "extraordinary and incredible".
"The things he's said on climate change and poverty - we need our politicians to speak in that way. Ideally, that's what the church is for, to speak for contemporary issues and not to be obsessed with ideology."
Although Spotlight went away empty-handed from the Golden Globes, bookmakers William Hill have it at 4/5 to win a best film Oscar.
It would have a long way to go, however, to match the four Oscars of All The President's Men, the 1976 movie of how The Washington Post uncovered the Watergate scandal, and now a benchmark for films about fearless journalism.
Birdman star Michael Keaton, however, points out that in 2016, "there are a lot less investigative journalists around for various reasons, and this film is a shining example to show how society benefits from a free and functioning press - of journalists doing it for their ideals."
"We know that lots of newspapers are in dire straits," continues McCarthy. "Many dailies have closed, and even the Boston Globe is half the size it once was.
"In my opinion, it was only strong local reporters who could have cracked this story, and it just reinforces how much journalism on a local level is needed.
"It's disconcerting that news has transitioned from being valuable in its own right into news for entertainment."
Mark Ruffalo, nominated for best supporting actor for his part as reporter Michael Rezendes, believes reporting of the Iraq war in 2003 "was the ultimate failure of the international press - what wasn't reported. To me, that was the end of an era for journalism. However, I do believe it's correcting itself now.
"I hear the lament of investigative reporters that they don't have the capital or the resources to do research anything for more than a month. But at the same time, there are now websites such as Truth Out and Vice, they have shifted into digital deep investigative reporting, which is really healthy."
"Hopefully people who want to be journalists will watch Spotlight, take those old standards and move them along to new media," says Keaton. "We don't know where the industry is going, but we do know that every institution needs to be held to account."
Spotlight is released in the UK on 29 January.


Ex-Australian cricket captain Michael Clarke has said some players have been "like a tumour" on the sport, but denied calling Shane Watson "a cancer".

Appearing on Australian Channel Nine's 60 Minutes programme, Clarke addressed many of the controversies that defined his 115-Test career.
He spoke about how he thought he was a bad vice-captain and that he had riled former team-mates.
But he also attempted to clarify previous comments about his team-mates.
According to leaked court documents, former coach Mickey Arthur claimed in 2013 that Clarke had called Watson "a cancer" on the national side.
But Clarke told the programme: "No, I didn't say that.
"I said that there is a number of players, a group in this team at the moment, that are like a tumour and if we don't fix it, it's going to turn into a cancer."
Asked if that applied to Watson, Clarke replied: "Shane was one of those players, yes."
Clarke also shed light on an infamous dressing-room blow-up at the Sydney Cricket Ground in 2009 after the Test win over South Africa.
Team-mate Simon Katich reportedly grabbed then vice-captain Clarke by the shirt over a disagreement about when the team song would be sung.
He said he had "every reason" to be angry, but "I don't think my language was appropriate".
Clarke also revealed that cricket has never been the same for him after the death of his friend and team-mate Phillip Hughes.
Hughes was hit in the neck by a ball in November 2014 and died a few days later.
"I guess I probably tried to tell myself that there was a chance he'd be OK," Clarke said.
"But I think I knew there wasn't. I spent the whole night talking to him. That breaks my heart the most.
"It was always hard to play cricket after that. I felt fear for the first time in my life when I played cricket."


A weapon was used in the "brutal" murder of a 67-year-old man at his Aberdeenshire home, police have said.

Brian McKandie, 67, was found at Fairview Cottages in Badenscoth, Rothienorman, on Saturday 12 March.
Two men were reportedly seen speaking to him the Friday before.
Det Ch Insp Iain Smith said a "heavy weapon" had been used. Police Scotland officers are carrying out searches for the murder weapon, and have also asked for dashcam footage from drivers.
One of the men said to have been seen with Mr McKandie was in his 50s and heavy set. The other was a younger man.
They were beside a burgundy or maroon estate car, possibly a Saab or Volvo.
They were seen talking to Mr McKandie between 13:00 and 14:00 on the Friday.
Officers have also appealed for two men seen talking to Mr McKandie between 17:00 and 18:00 on the Friday.
One was described as in his 20s, and the other in his 30s or 40s.
Det Ch Insp Smith said: "It may be that the second set of men we are looking to speak to are the same as the first two or it could be another pair however we are appealing for these men to come forward or to anyone who may have seen them talking to Mr McKandie.
"A number of members of the public have come forward with dashboard camera footage and information and we continue to appeal for people to do so as this may be relevant to our enquiries.
"We can confirm that a weapon was used during this brutal murder and we are carrying out searches for any kind of instrument which may have been used."


West Ham and Senegal striker Diafra Sakho will miss the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations after being ruled out for up to eight more weeks with a back injury.

The Hammers said on 30 November the 26-year-old would be missing for six weeks because of a thigh injury, meaning he would not return until mid-January.
But boss Slaven Bilic said on Thursday that Sakho faced up to eight more weeks out, taking him to mid-February.
The 2017 Africa Cup of Nations starts on 14 January.
Two years ago, Sakho withdrew from Senegal's squad with a back injury but scored 18 days later in West Ham's FA Cup 1-0 win at Bristol City.
As a result, the club were fined £71,000 by world governing body Fifa.
Last month, in only his second appearance of an injury-plagued season, he scored in a 1-1 draw at Manchester United.
The forward, who joined West Ham in 2014 from French club Metz, had only returned from a back injury in the defeat at Tottenham on 19 November.
West Brom were keen to sign Sakho for £15m in August but the deal was called off because of a back problem.
West Ham are 13th in the Premier League table, five points above the relegation zone.
The Hammers visit struggling Swansea on Boxing Day (15:00 GMT) before travelling to Leicester City on 31 December (15:00 GMT).


Sri Lankan asylum seekers living in Hong Kong fear they are being illegally pursued by police after sheltering the US whistleblower Edward Snowden in the city.

Criminal investigators from Sri Lanka are believed to have visited Hong Kong looking for them, their lawyer said.
The Sri Lankan police have denied the allegations.
Law enforcement authorities from mainland China or other countries have no jurisdiction in Hong Kong.
The lawyer representing the men, Robert Tibbo, said that at least two officers from the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) of the Sri Lanka police visited Hong Kong in December looking for them.
"We have become aware of Sri Lankan police taking active steps to locate my clients," he said, adding: "They identified themselves to members of the Sri Lankan community in Hong Kong. They carried photographs and files."
Sri Lankan police spokesman Priyantha Jayakodi said the allegation was "a complete lie".
"We have not done any investigation in Hong Kong or any other country on any refugee case," he told BBC Sinhala.
However Mr Tibbo said the evidence came from Sri Lankans living in Hong Kong who were approached on the street in late December by people who carried official identification.
His clients fed and housed Mr Snowden for two weeks in June 2013 when he fled the US after leaking thousands of documents belonging to the US National Security Agency (NSA).
The former IT contractor subsequently left Hong Kong for Moscow.
The names of the asylum seekers, Kellapatha Supun Thilina and Debagma Kankanalamage Ajith Pushpa Kumara, were revealed last year by Mr Tibbo, ahead of the September premiere of the film Snowden by the director Oliver Stone.
He said that it would have been difficult to keep their identities secret after the film's release.
Mr Tibbo believes the Sri Lankan government began investigating the asylum seekers shortly afterwards.
The lawyer says Sri Lankan officials may have noted the disappearances of the Causeway Bay booksellers and the Chinese billionaire Xiao Jianhua - who some fear may have been forcibly taken from Hong Kong to mainland China.
"With the Hong Kong government not holding Beijing accountable, and the lack of transparency, this amounts to an invitation to other governments in the world," Mr Tibbo said.
"That their security forces, their police officers are welcome to come into Hong Kong and investigate and do similar things," he added.
Two local lawmakers, Charles Mok and James To, have called for an investigation.
"I am very concerned about this case," said Mr To, a member of the pro-democracy Democratic Party.
"Nobody can come and enforce the law in Hong Kong except Hong Kong officials. Nobody can come in breach of Hong Kong law."
The asylum seekers have since moved to "safer" locations and have notified Hong Kong's immigration department.
They also plan to file a police report.
Mr Thilina, who arrived in Hong Kong in 2005, said he was frightened by the news.
"I am nervous and scared. I don't have a normal life now," he said.
His compatriot, Mr Kumara, an army deserter who served as an informal bodyguard to Mr Snowden in 2013, was also worried for his safety.
They are concerned about the prospect of being removed from Hong Kong and forcibly returned to Sri Lanka, where they say they could face violence and torture.
Mr Tibbo represents both men, along with Mr Snowden and Vanessa Rodel, an asylum seeker from the Philippines who also gave refuge to the US whistleblower in Hong Kong.
Hong Kong currently has about 10,000 asylum seekers, mainly from countries in South Asia and Africa.


A reward of £10,000 has been put up to find the killer of a 26-year-old man stabbed to death near his home.

James Brindley was talking to his girlfriend on the phone when he was attacked in Aldridge town centre shortly before midnight on Friday.
Crimestoppers say the reward is for information leading to the arrest and conviction of those responsible.
The charity's Pauline Hadley said: "Nobody should be allowed to get away with such a callous attack."
More Birmingham and Black Country news
Mr Brindley was stabbed in the heart after a night out with friends and "died at the scene in his parents' arms", police said.
A statement from Crimestoppers said Mr Brindley was seen having a disagreement with two men before he was stabbed.
One of those men, seen at the entrance of The Croft near Little Aston Road, is still wanted for questioning.
Ms Hadley, West Midlands regional manager for Crimestoppers, said: "I cannot begin to imagine what James' girlfriend and family must be going through at the moment after such a senseless and tragic murder.
"That is why I am appealing to local people who might have any information, to contact Crimestoppers anonymously.
"Never will you have to give any personal details, and I promise that once you have put the phone down or submitted your information on our website, you're done."
A campaign to raise money for Mr Brindley's funeral has exceeded its £9,000 target.
West Midlands Police issued CCTV of four cars seen travelling along Little Aston Road towards the town centre at the time of the attack.
Police are still hunting for the murder weapon.


A public meeting to discuss proposals to cut 102 firefighters' jobs and close 10 fire stations in West Yorkshire revealed "overwhelming" opposition, the Fire Brigades Union (FBU) has said.

The meeting, in Hemsworth, the site of one of the fire stations earmarked for closure, was attended by about 110 people.
The FBU said people's lives would be "threatened" if the cuts went ahead.
West Yorkshire Fire Service accepted local residents had "concerns".
The fire authority in West Yorkshire has to save Â£18m in the next four years due to government funding cuts.
The 10 fire stations earmarked for closure are Gipton, Stanks, Rawdon, Otley, Brighouse, Elland, Hemsworth, South Elmsall, Batley and Dewsbury.
However, the fire authority also proposes to build five new stations based at "optimum sites".
West Yorkshire Fire Service currently operates 48 fire stations across five districts.
Mark Wilson, FBU brigade secretary for West Yorkshire, said the meeting had shown people "did not want these proposals".
"The fact that over 100 people came here on a Friday night when they could have been doing something else is testament to the opposition to these proposals," he said.
"Overwhelmingly, people opposed the scheme."
Steve Rhodes, area manager for West Yorkshire Fire Service, said there had been "lots of debate".
"The community has concerns. They understand the rationale, but don't support the change," he said.
The meeting was part of a three-month consultation over the proposals which ends on 9 December.
The results of the consultation will be presented to West Yorkshire Fire Authority at a meeting on 16 December where a final decision is expected to be made.


League leaders Juventus thrashed Genoa to extend their unbeaten home run in Serie A to 33 matches.

Ezequiel Munoz tapped in an own goal to give the hosts the lead.
Paulo Dybala doubled their advantage from the edge of the area two minutes later and Mario Mandzukic curled a half-volley past keeper Eugenio Lamanna to make it 3-0 before half-time.
Leonardo Bonucci's long-range looping effort put the result beyond doubt, as Juventus moved 11 points clear.
Juve's closest title rivals Roma face bottom side Pescara on Monday but even with a win they will have a battle on their hands to close an eight-point gap with five games remaining.
Match ends, Juventus 4, Genoa 0.
Second Half ends, Juventus 4, Genoa 0.
Corner,  Juventus. Conceded by Davide Biraschi.
Attempt blocked. Gonzalo Higuaín (Juventus) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Paulo Dybala.
Rolando Mandragora (Juventus) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Raffaele Palladino (Genoa).
Leonardo Bonucci (Juventus) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Raffaele Palladino (Genoa).
Attempt missed. Rolando Mandragora (Juventus) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Stephan Lichtsteiner.
Hand ball by Stefano Sturaro (Juventus).
Substitution, Genoa. Oscar Hiljemark replaces Darko Lazovic.
Substitution, Juventus. Rolando Mandragora replaces Claudio Marchisio.
Foul by Tomás Rincón (Juventus).
Ezequiel Muñoz (Genoa) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Olivier Ntcham (Genoa) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Raffaele Palladino.
Attempt missed. Paulo Dybala (Juventus) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Tomás Rincón.
Substitution, Juventus. Stefano Sturaro replaces Mario Mandzukic.
Attempt missed. Giovanni Simeone (Genoa) header from the centre of the box is high and wide to the left. Assisted by Raffaele Palladino with a cross.
Attempt missed. Giovanni Simeone (Genoa) header from the centre of the box is high and wide to the left. Assisted by Davide Biraschi with a cross.
Corner,  Genoa. Conceded by Leonardo Bonucci.
Attempt missed. Danilo Cataldi (Genoa) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Darko Lazovic.
Kwadwo Asamoah (Juventus) hits the right post with a left footed shot from outside the box. Assisted by Paulo Dybala.
Attempt saved. Andrea Beghetto (Genoa) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner.
Attempt missed. Leonardo Bonucci (Juventus) header from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Paulo Dybala with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Juventus. Conceded by Darko Lazovic.
Corner,  Juventus. Conceded by Andrea Beghetto.
Paulo Dybala (Juventus) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Olivier Ntcham (Genoa).
Attempt missed. Andrea Barzagli (Juventus) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Mario Mandzukic.
Gonzalo Higuaín (Juventus) hits the left post with a right footed shot from the centre of the box.
Claudio Marchisio (Juventus) hits the left post with a left footed shot from outside the box. Assisted by Gonzalo Higuaín.
Substitution, Juventus. Tomás Rincón replaces Sami Khedira.
Leonardo Bonucci (Juventus) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Santiago Gentiletti (Genoa).
Foul by Kwadwo Asamoah (Juventus).
Davide Biraschi (Genoa) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Substitution, Genoa. Davide Biraschi replaces Nicolas Burdisso.
Foul by Mario Mandzukic (Juventus).
Andrea Beghetto (Genoa) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Goal!  Juventus 4, Genoa 0. Leonardo Bonucci (Juventus) right footed shot from outside the box to the top left corner. Assisted by Mario Mandzukic.


Chinese authorities in part of the western Xinjiang region have ordered all vehicles to be installed with satellite tracking devices as part of a crackdown on terrorism.

The government wants an end to sporadic attacks in the province, which it blames on Islamist militants.
A police statement said cars are the main means of transport for terrorists.
Drivers in the Bayingol area who refuse to install the system will not be allowed to buy fuel.
Xinjiang has seen a series of bombings and knife attacks over recent years, which the government blames on separatist elements of the region's large Muslim Uighur population.
Rights groups say the violence is due to the tight controls by the government on Uighurs' religion and culture.
The government denies any repression.
The vehicle-tracking programme will use China's homegrown Beidou satellite navigation system, which was launched to reduce reliance on the US's global positioning system (GPS).
It would also help car owners to find their vehicles quickly if they are stolen by terrorists, the state-run Global Times newspaper said.
Security in the region has been further increased after five people were killed by three assailants in a knife attack last week.
The attackers were shot dead by police.
Security forces held an anti-terror rally on Saturday, parading hundreds of armed men through the streets of the regional capital Urumqi.
In June, Xinjiang police ordered residents to provide DNA samples and other biological data when applying for travel documents.
The move, which the government said was also to combat terrorism, was criticised by human rights groups.


Royal Dutch Shell is reviving plans to drill for oil in the Arctic in a move likely to intensify its battle with environmentalists.

The Anglo-Dutch giant's chief executive Ben van Beurden accepted that Arctic drilling "divides society", but said the world needs new sources of oil.
Greenpeace said Shell was taking a "massive risk" in a "pristine" region.
Shell also announced a $15bn (Â£9.9bn) cut in global spending, and profit figures that disappointed investors.
The cut in investment - spread over three years - comes after a fall in the oil price. Although the price is expected to remain lower in the medium term, Mr van Beurden said: "We are taking a prudent approach here and we must be careful not to over-react to the recent fall in oil prices.
"Shell is taking structured decisions to balance growth and returns."
Shell also said profits for the last three months of 2014 had risen to $4.2bn compared with $2.2bn in the same period a year earlier.
The numbers were below analysts' forecasts, prompting a big sell-off of Shell's shares, which were down by 4.3% at the end of Thursday.
Shell put its Arctic plans on hold two years ago after a drilling vessel ran aground and legal wrangles in the US.
The company has already spent $1bn on preparing its drilling work in Alaska's Chukchi Sea. It was costing Shell several hundred millions of dollars a year to keep the existing operations ticking over, the company said.
Mr van Beurden said there were still issues to resolve before drilling began, such as over operating permits and getting further facilities in place. But he hoped to see work begin in the summer.
"We will only do this if we feel that we can do it responsibly," Mr van Beurden told the BBC. "I think that we are as well prepared as any company can be to mitigate the risks."
He also pointed out that there are already other energy companies operating in the Arctic.
Mr van Beurden said that the world needs new sources of oil and gas to meet demand and that the Arctic offered potentially the biggest resource base ever found.
Estimates have put the estimates at some 24bn barrels in Alaska.
Environmentalists have campaigned against Shell for years. Greenpeace's Charlie Kronick, said: "Despite announcing cuts [in global investment], Shell hasn't taken the opportunity to cut its most high-cost high-risk project.
"Shell is taking a massive risk doggedly chasing oil in the Arctic, not just with shareholder value, but with the pristine Arctic environment.
"A spill there will be environmentally and financially catastrophic. It's time for investors to recognise that it's impossible for Shell to justify its continued pursuit of offshore Arctic oil."
As the first of the major oil companies to report its figures for last year, Shell plays the role of the canary in the coal mine - or on the oil rig.
After a rather sickly 2013, profits are actually up.
But the impact of the low oil price is clearly biting. The company announced that it would be cutting investment over the next three years in new exploration and the development of oil and gas fields, a move that will raise fresh concerns about its business in the North Sea.
Last summer Shell announced the loss of 250 jobs in Aberdeen.
The chief executive, Ben Van Beurden, said that the company would not "over-react" to the oil price which has fallen by 60% since last June.
And of course a low oil price means lower prices at the petrol pumps for consumers.
He said though that Shell would look at further cuts if necessary.
As well as the North Sea, the company's operations in Nigeria, where it recently paid a Â£55m bill to clean up pollution after a major oil spill, and the Arctic will also come under increased scrutiny.
Meanwhile, Shell's profits for the quarter after stripping out one-off items, such as asset sales and accounting changes, were $3.26bn. That is a 12% rise on the same period a year earlier but down from the $5.85bn in the June to September quarter.
Keith Bowman, equity analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown Stockbrokers, said: "As expected, fourth quarter performance has been impacted by the lower oil price, although downstream refining operations have provided some counterbalance.
"More broadly, the numbers are below forecast, with the news providing a difficult start to the oil majors' results season.
"In all, and despite the disappointing numbers, the dividend payment remains core, with the payment being left unchanged."
Shell said it was spending $12bn on dividends to shareholders in 2014, and also repurchased $3.3bn of its own shares.
The group said it had slowed the pace of share buybacks to conserve cash and that near-term oil prices would dictate how it progressed.
Oil prices have fallen by almost 60% since June because of weak global demand and a boom in US shale production.
Shell's main rivals, BP and Total, have also announced large cutbacks in capital expenditure in recent weeks.


The demolition of an Art Deco fountain which featured in Banksy's Dismaland show has been slammed by campaigners.

Built in 1937, the concrete structure was the "last fragment" of the derelict seaside lido used for the street artist's "Bemusement Park" exhibit last year.
Conservationists said they had been told the fountain, in Weston-super-Mare, would be spared from destruction.
But North Somerset council said it was demolished due to its poor condition.
Visitors to Dismaland were greeted by the sight of the fountain upon entering, and it was picked out by a spotlight at night.
Its dilapidated appearance, however, was not the work of the elusive Banksy, but rather a truck which hit the fountain after the site became derelict.
The impact caused the upper cascade to tip over, leaving it sitting on its side atop the bottom part of the structure.
Weston Civic Society chairman Howard Smith said he felt "angry and upset" the fountain had gone.
"They [the council] gave us an assurance at the end of last year that it would be conserved," he said.
Mr Smith said the fountain survived the building of the Tropicana at a time when the original diving stage was destroyed.
"It was the last fragment of the actual bathing part of the original Art Deco pool.
"It was a beautiful object and it would not have taken much to erect it in another part of the town."
Work to turn the site into a space for arts and performances has been taking place since the end of 2015.
A spokesman for the council, which owns the site, said: "The top of the fountain was dislodged, the surround of the base was broken down and could not be used as a water reservoir, the main stem had numerous cracks in the structure and the edges on the lower main tier were damaged.
"Given its condition, the decision was made to take it down and demolish it."


Charity campaigners have applied to save a synagogue from being flattened by Ryan Giggs and Gary Neville.

The former Manchester United stars want to build a tower block in their home city including apartments, offices, restaurants and a five-star hotel.
The 20th Century Society has asked for the Manchester Reform Synagogue to be "listed" to block the players' Â£200m St Michael's development on Jackson Row.
Historic England will assess whether to give it Grade II listed status.
The 1953 synagogue would be bulldozed and rebuilt on the site close to Manchester Town Hall under plans to be submitted later this year.
The 19th Century Sir Ralph Abercromby pub and the former Bootle Street police station also face being demolished.
Tess Pinto, the 20th Century Society's conservation advisor, told the BBC: "We are worried about these plans in particular because the site contains three interesting and beautiful historic buildings.
"And in their place they want to put up 31-storey skyscrapers which will have a serious impact on Manchester's skyline."
However the Jewish congregation support plans for a new synagogue as the old one is "damp and outdated" with limited parking.
An Historic England spokeswoman said: "The planning decision would still be up to the council.
"However it is unusual for listed building to be knocked down."


Half of parents with children under 14 allow them to drink alcohol at home, according to a new survey.

The poll of more than 1,000 parents, by Churchill Home Insurance, also found 34% used alcohol as a bribe to encourage good behaviour.
It isn't illegal for children aged five and over to have alcohol at home, but government guidance says children under 14 who drink have increased health risks.
So why do some parents allow it?
Anne Atkins is a mother of five and author of the book Child Rearing for Fun: Trust Your Instincts and Enjoy Your Children.
She says she has given her children sips of wine, allowing her daughter a first taste when she was eight. Her daughter is now 13, and is allowed a little wine "if we're celebrating".
She believes the right approach is "what the parents judge" to be best.
"Of course it's alarming to think of parents giving alcohol as a bribe, but that could mean all sorts of things. It could mean 'You've passed your exams, let's open a bottle of Prosecco, would you like a little?'
"An alcohol-free childhood is fine, but alcohol is good for you [when] drunk and enjoyed correctly.
"But we have to acknowledge that booze is a huge problem in our society now."
Heather Witherington, 47, a social worker from Daventry in Northamptonshire, was first given alcohol aged 10 by her father.
"My family is Irish so there's a big drinking culture. I remember being at family functions aged 10 and people teasing me about having a brandy, expecting to be told no," she says.
"But my dad would then say 'Yeah, she'll have one of them,' and I'd be given a martini and lemonade instead.
"My dad was always about experimenting in a safe way. I'd have drinks at barbecues and once I got drunk aged 12. I couldn't feel my knees. My dad told me I was a bit tiddly and that I couldn't have any more."
Heather says she has three family members who have had problems with alcohol, and that she was encouraged to not follow their example.
"To some it might seem that I was encouraged to drink as a child, but in our eyes it was all about managing risks."
Heather says she and her husband Richard allowed their 15-year-old son Callum to start drinking sips of lager and wine aged 10, and then have a shandy to himself soon afterwards.
Today she says Callum will share a bottle of beer with his dad while watching football on occasion, or at barbecues.
"He's now more mature about alcohol than some of his mates. He sees it all as the same, whereas ones who didn't drink when they were younger are looking to try new drinks and get hammered.
"He has still had some normal experimentation with alcohol, as many teenagers do, but he's much more aware of alcohol because he was introduced to it early."
Dr Martin Scurr, a former GP, said he used to allow his children to drink.
But he changed his mind about this "even though it means putting the brakes on ideas that, socially and culturally, have always been rather hallowed".
He says the brain of a child coming into puberty is "critically vulnerable" to damage.
"That's a worry if you're introducing a chemical that's psychoactive, that's active on the brain," he says.
"It is a critical age and we need to think carefully about that, and the fact that we can disrupt the future structure and functioning of the brain by allowing children to take alcohol."
Dr Scurr says alcohol has an "allure" for children of this age range, who like to take risks and look for new experiences.
He adds that while people in European nations have long allowed their children to drink watered-down alcohol, better medical understanding means caution should now be used and that people should not simply take "a note out of past history".
"Once you've introduced alcohol to children, they could then get enthusiastic. There has to be a balance."
Dr Sarah Jarvis, medical advisor to alcohol education charity Drinkaware says, it is best to talk to your child about the risks associated with drinking.
"As a parent, you have more influence than you might think," she says.
"Your child is likely to come to you first for information and advice about alcohol, and you can help shape their attitudes and behaviour towards alcohol by being a role model for responsible drinking."
Read the terms and conditions.


Many Britons moved by the plight of Syrians feel powerless to help those affected, but some families have found ways to show their support.

With six children and a Syrian refugee under her roof this Christmas, Heather Alston admits her house is "chaotic" and "not exactly stress-free".
Abdullah, 35, from Damascus, has been living with Heather and her husband Dominic, both architects, in Hammersmith, London since February.
"At first my teenagers said, 'whoah Mum, are you really doing this?'" says Heather, who has five daughters and a son between the ages of 14 and 22.
"I partly said yes so it would open their eyes a little."
Reports from the city of Aleppo have prompted people across the world to express their solidarity on social media, with many joining demonstrations and donating money to relief efforts.
For her part, Heather says the crisis in Syria had been "lingering in the back of my mind for a long while" before she decided to hand Abdullah a front door key.
They met through Housing Justice, a London charity that has matched 26 refugees and hosts.
They usually meet at a local coffee shop first, after which either one can say yes or no.
What's happening in Aleppo?
Migrant crisis: What is the UK doing to help?
"I'll never forget that meeting," Abdullah says. "I was so surprised that this stranger wanted to let me in."
Heather recalls he was "quiet and nervous" when they met. "I was probably chatty and nervous," she remembers.
"It was history that made me think," she says. "In the Second World War children were evacuated to the countryside and they lived with hosts.
"It is now these refugees who need homes. I needed to do something."
A trained electrical engineer, Abdullah has been unable to legally work since he arrived in the UK in 2012 and gets £56 a week for living expenses.
He is one of an estimated 4.8 million people to have fled abroad since civil war broke out in 2011, according to the UN.
"I have brothers, sisters, close friends back home," he says. "I text them to make sure they are alive and when they get a connection they reply."
Abdullah says he "carries on with life" but feels trapped in a "prison-like" existence because he cannot work.
He spends his time cooking with the Alstons and learning English, in which he is now fluent.
Living with the Alstons has "given me some hope", he says.
"Abdullah is really part of the family," adds Heather. "We are all looking forward to our first Christmas together, he's already mastered cooking a roast."
Julian Prior, who set up a similar charity in Newcastle, says it is important that hosts "go in with their eyes open and are aware".
Action Foundation, which houses 14 refugees - including two people from Syria - sends hosts on a course and criminal record-checks the refugees.
"People who volunteer are compassionate, but may also be naive," says Mr Prior. "We make sure hosts set house rules and are aware of cultural sensitivities."
Other efforts to help have included a cyclist pedalling to Aleppo, a couple who bought a house for refugees, and a  seven-year-old schoolboy who asked Santa for peace in Syria as his only Christmas present.
Caz and David Charles, from London, are cycling to the Syria-Turkey border this summer.
They hope to raise money and tell the stories of those living in migrant camps.
"I'll see how far I get before it becomes too sketchy," David says.
"Caz hasn't fully committed but will definitely come along for some of it."
They have already completed the first leg - a 2,200km ride to Vienna that Caz, 25, a translator, and writer David, 34, began in their home city this year.
"We stopped off in towns in France, Belgium and Germany, talking to residents and refugees alike about migration," David says.
The pair have raised £1,000 for the Bike Project, a charity in Denmark Hill which repairs and donates second hand bicycles to refugees living in London.
"I've been helping them for a couple of years, fixing up bikes," David says.
"Asylum seekers often have lots of appointments around London but no money to travel."
"These people can't work but they desperately want to be part of society," he says.
"That said, there is tremendous optimism for the future."


Swiss justice officials say they have handed to US investigators documents relating to bank accounts allegedly used in the Fifa corruption scandal.

The Federal Justice Office (FOJ) said the accounts were allegedly used for bribes connected with the granting of marketing rights to tournaments in Latin America and the US.
In addition, the FOJ said it had frozen some $80m (Â£54m) in 13 bank accounts.
The action was taken in response to US requests for legal assistance, it said.
"The US authorities can apply to have these assets handed over if they have a legally valid and enforceable seizure ruling from a US court," the FOJ said.
The statement provided no details on who the bank accounts belonged to.
World football's governing body has been in turmoil for several months, following numerous allegations of corruption.
A number of top Fifa officials were arrested at a hotel in Zurich, Switzerland, in May.
Some 14 people were indicted on corruption charges at the end of that month. Another 16 people were charged by the US Department of Justice on 3 December.
And US authorities have in all charged 39 football officials and sports business executives over more than Â£134m ($200m) in alleged bribes for football television and marketing deals.
Swiss prosecutors are also investigating Fifa's management as well as the award of the 2018 and 2022 World Cups to Russia and Qatar.
And earlier this month, Fifa president Sepp Blatter and Uefa boss Michel Platini were suspended for eight years from all football-related activities following an ethics investigation.
They were found guilty of breaches surrounding a Â£1.3m ($2m) payment made to Mr Platini in 2011.
The Fifa ethics committee found the pair had demonstrated an "abusive execution" of their positions.
Both deny any wrongdoing.


The Nepal earthquake and its aftershocks have probably triggered many landslides, scientists warn.

Some could block rivers, causing temporary lakes that could burst out and sweep away settlements and infrastructure downstream.
The mountainous terrain is traversed by hundreds of gushing rivers that contribute up to 70% of the lean season flow of the Ganges in bordering India.
The epicentre of the last quake was a remote mountain area in western Nepal.
But aftershocks and tremors were felt as far as Mount Everest in the east of the country.
Scientists also say the earthquake that triggered avalanches in the Everest region may have destabilised glacial lakes there, which also pose potential threats.
"The steep topography and high relief in the area of the epicentre, and the high intensity of shaking that was felt, mean that thousands of landslides are likely to have been triggered by the earthquake," said Dr Robert Parker, a researcher with Cardiff University's School of Earth and Ocean Science. He studies the occurrence of landslides after earthquakes.
He added: "These landsides could range from a boulder fall to rock avalanches."
Nepalese officials say they have information of landslides in some areas, including Gorkha district at the epicentre of Saturday's devastating quake, but are yet to get the complete picture.
They say villages in the Langtang region, to the west of Kathmandu, have been buried under landslides.
Villages in the mountainous region are commonly found on steep slopes.
There were initial reports of some rivers partially blocked by mudslides at several points.
Scientists say satellite images have not been very helpful because the region has remained clouded. Clear pictures are yet to emerge.
"Usually what happens in a big earthquake in a mountain zone like this is that the earthquake itself triggers a substantial number of landslides," says Prof Dave Petley, pro-vice chancellor at the University of East Anglia, who has been studying Nepal's landslides for 15 years now.
"It really depends on all sorts of conditions, some of which we really don't understand particularly well, but Nepal is a very landslide-prone country, so we would expect to see a significant impact from landslides in this earthquake."
Experts say there have been several landslides in Tibet across Nepal's border following the earthquake.
China's state media reported that the Chinese government had cancelled all spring season climbing on the north face of Mount Everest.
Nepalese officials said they had no plans to stop expeditions yet.
But scientists say the geological consequences of Saturday's earthquake cannot be ignored.
"Based on past experience of earthquakes in steep, mountainous terrain, like the 2005 Kashmir and 2008 Wenchuan earthquakes, some of these landslides will be large enough to create temporary dams across rivers in the area," explained Dr Parker.
"The lakes created by these dams are particularly hazardous because they can drain without warning, usually within a few days of filling up, due to collapse of the unstable dam material."
Pakistan's scientists say a lake that formed in 2010 after a landslide and which blocked the Hunza River was caused by an earthquake.
The monsoon rains, which will begin in a few weeks' time in the region, will make landslides on earthquake-hit mountains of Nepal even more likely, according to experts.
"What we normally see in the mountain area that has an earthquake is that in the first heavy rainfall after the event, we get a substantial number of landslides," said Prof Petley.
Given that the latest earthquake had caused avalanches in the Everest region, there are fears that the rapidly filling glacial lakes in the area may also have been somehow affected.
Glaciologists say that even if no incident of glacial lake outburst has been detected in the aftermath of the earthquake so far, the danger is far from over. The tremors may have weakened the moraines of these lakes or loosened glaciers hanging above them, storing up problems for the future.
"We already have specific evidence of ice and snow avalanches in the Mount Everest region," said Prof Jeffrey Kargel, a glaciologist at the University of Arizona.
"Everest was not even the zone of highest shaking and so if you had that sort of event there, surely other areas closer to the zone of maximum shaking will have experienced ice and snow avalanches."
The outburst of the Dig Tsho glacial lake near Everest in 1985 was triggered by a large ice and rock avalanche.
The splash into a relatively small lake led to an outburst. The floodwaters swamped a hydroelectric plant and other infrastructure.
The Himalayan region is dotted with glacial lakes and even the smaller ones need watching - especially during earthquakes, the experts say.
There have been around 40 glacial lake outburst events in Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan and China during the last century, according to the United Nations Environment Programme (Unep).


The brother of ousted Pakistani leader Nawaz Sharif has been lined up to take over as prime minister.

The ruling Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) anointed Shahbaz Sharif but he will first have to be elected to the National Assembly.
Former petroleum minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi will serve as interim PM.
Nawaz Sharif stepped down on Friday following a decision by the Supreme Court to disqualify him from office over corruption allegations.
The ruling came after an investigation into his family's wealth following the leak of the Panama Papers in 2015, which linked Mr Sharif's children to offshore companies.
If Shahbaz Sharif, 65, is to take over, he must quit as chief minister of Punjab province and then win a by-election into parliament, which should take 45 days.
Pakistan's Dawn newspaper said that Shahbaz Sharif's ascension to the prime minister's office was "considered to be a foregone conclusion".
Nawaz Sharif, in a speech to a PML-N meeting on Saturday, said: "I support Shahbaz Sharif after me but he will take time to contest elections so for the time being I nominate Shahid Khaqan Abbasi."
Nawaz Sharif stepped down after five judges reached a unanimous verdict on Friday.
The court's ruling stated that Mr Sharif had been dishonest in not disclosing his earnings from a Dubai-based company in his nomination papers during the 2013 general election.
The court recommended anti-corruption cases against several individuals, including Mr Sharif, his daughter Maryam and her husband Safdar, Finance Minister Ishaq Dar and others.
Mr Sharif, who was serving as prime minister for a record third time, was less than a year away from becoming the first in Pakistani history to complete a full term in office.
He served as prime minister from November 1990 to July 1993 and from February 1997 until he was toppled in a bloodless coup in October 1999.
The Panama Papers leaks in April 2016 revealed that three of Mr Sharif's children owned offshore companies and assets not shown on his family's wealth statement.
But allegations of corruption have dogged Mr Sharif since the 1980s. Much of what the Panama Papers revealed was the subject of a federal inquiry in the mid-1990s.
Profile: Nawaz Sharif


Defence giant BAE Systems is to cut up to 371 jobs as the firm slows production of its Typhoon fighter jets.

The majority of job losses will be in Samlesbury, Lancashire but roles in its Typhoon final assembly production team in nearby Warton will also be impacted.
The company warned the move to slow jet production would hit its 2015 financial results.
There are 13,000 workers at both sites. The Unite union said BAE was cutting "too far, too fast".
The staff losing their jobs at Samlesbury are 237 production line workers, 97 professional or admin staff and nine executive managers.
At the Warton site, 23 miles away, 28 productions jobs will also be cut.
BAE, which also specialises in aerospace and electronics, said it would try to find opportunities elsewhere in the business to "mitigate" compulsory redundancies.
Typhoon production sales are expected to drop from about Â£1.3bn this year to around Â£1.1bn in 2016, it said.
The firm secured a deal to supply 28 Typhoon aircraft for the Kuwait Air Force in September, with deliveries from the Italian Typhoon final assembly line set to start at the end of the decade.
It is also in talks with Saudi Arabia to try to secure further Typhoon purchases.
Ian King, BAE chief executive, said: "Overall the company is operating in an improving business environment and we continue to win new orders, with good prospects for the future.
"In the short term, action to extend the production life of Typhoon aircraft by reducing the current production rate... will impact the group's 2015 results."
Ian Waddell from the Unite called on the government to "act urgently" to stop the haemorrhage of skilled UK manufacturing jobs.
"It is vital that critical skills and capability are maintained by BAE Systems and their supply chain so that the ability to build the Typhoon in the UK is protected.
"Cutting too far, too fast could lead to a skills shortage for when orders pick up."
BAE slashed its earnings outlook, saying it now expected earnings per share to remain around 38p this year, having previously said they would be "marginally higher".
In May, the company announced it would retain both of its shipyards in Glasgow and make its most significant investment in them for decades.


Celtic boss Brendan Rodgers says Moussa Dembele could be out until early September with a hamstring injury.

The French striker, 21, missed the end of last season with a similar problem but featured in recent European ties.
Both he and suspended forward Leigh Griffiths, 26, sat out Wednesday's Champions League third qualifying round first leg against Rosenborg.
"It could be to the beginning of September," Rodgers said of Dembele's expected return.
"It looks like Moussa may well be out for the whole of the campaign, this European [qualifying] campaign so we have to adapt.
"Throughout the course of the season, unfortunately for those players with that speed and strength, there are always hamstring niggles.
"We saw it last year with Moussa. We saw it with James Forrest. We saw it with Scott Sinclair. We saw it with Patrick Roberts when Pat was here.
"We have to heal, work hard to get back as quick as he can, knowing that it's going to be a real long season for us."
France Under-21 international Dembele scored 32 goals in his debut season for Celtic after joining from Fulham last summer.
Earlier this week, Rodgers said the club had no plans to sell Dembele amid reported interest from Marseille.
Griffiths, who has scored 85 Celtic goals since 2014, is also nursing an injury.
"We're hoping that Leigh can come back at some point," Rodgers told BBC Scotland before Wednesday's game.
"Leigh's suspended and he's injured. He hasn't trained all week.
"We've always been based around the collective and we're looking at that collective to find solutions for us."
Asked if he may look to recruit another striker while the summer transfer remains open, Rodgers replied: "We'll see.
"We'll talk about it as a coaching staff and a club to see where we're at. We don't want to be to rash. We only ever want to bring in players that are going to enhance the quality."


Ireland's Conor McGregor has been withdrawn from the Ultimate Fighting Championship's main event in July, just hours after tweeting he was retiring.

UFC president Dana White did not confirm McGregor's retirement but said he would no longer be fighting Nate Diaz on the UFC 200 card on 9 July.
White claimed McGregor was withdrawn for refusing to fly to Las Vegas for a news conference and promotional photos.
Last month, Diaz became the first man to beat McGregor in UFC.
In a tweet posted on Tuesday, McGregor wrote: "I have decided to retire young. Thanks for the cheese. Catch ya's later."
The 27-year-old's coach, John Kavanagh, added: "Was fun while it lasted."
Many mixed martial arts fans on social media reacted to McGregor's message with shock but others expressed doubt he was really planning to quit.
Diaz responded to McGregor's comment with a tweet of his own: "I guess my work here is done. I'm retiring too."
The American, 31, beat McGregor by choking the featherweight champion into submission.
McGregor was previously unbeaten since signing to UFC in 2013, with career earnings in excess of $2.8m (£1.94m).
He has made significantly more in sponsorship and promotional work.
On Monday, McGregor posted pictures of himself training in Iceland before his rematch with Diaz.
However, just a week ago, he issued a statement talking of his sadness following the death of Joao Carvalho after a fight in Dublin.
"It is such a rare occurrence that I don't know how to take this," McGregor, who watched the fight from ringside, wrote.
In an interview with ESPN, White attempted to clarify the situation, insisting McGregor was obligated to come to Las Vegas to promote UFC 200.
"I respect Conor as a fighter and I like him as a person, but you can't decide not to show up to these things," he said.
"He's in Iceland training. He felt leaving right now would hurt his training, but every other fighter on the card is coming."


A man has been charged with murdering a woman and her mother after the women were found dead at a house.

The bodies of Julie Hill, 51, and her mother Rose, 75, were discovered at a property in Shirebrook, Derbyshire, at 22:10 GMT on Friday.
Christopher Whelan, 20, will appear at Chesterfield Justice Centre on Tuesday charged with their murders.
Julie Hill's dog, thought to be a terrier, is missing from the house, police say.
Mr Whelan, of Dransfield Road, Sheffield, was arrested the day after the women's bodies were found by police and paramedics.
Derbyshire Police said Julie Hill lived at the address in Station Road, while her mother lived in Sheffield.
Anyone with any information, or anyone who knows the whereabouts of the dog, is asked to contact Derbyshire Police.


The US military says it has dropped a 21,600lb (9,800kg) bomb on a tunnel complex used by Islamic State militants in Afghanistan.

The GBU-43/B Massive Ordnance Air Blast Bomb (MOAB), known as "the mother of all bombs", is the largest non-nuclear bomb ever used by the US in a conflict.
The Pentagon said it was dropped from a US aircraft in Nangarhar province.
The news came hours after the Pentagon admitted an air strike in Syria mistakenly killed 18 rebels.
It said a partnered force had mistakenly identified the target location as an IS position, but the strike on 11 April had killed rebels from the Syrian Democratic Forces, which is backed by Washington.
How powerful is 'mother of all bombs'?
The strike in Afghanistan follows last week's death of a US special forces soldier fighting IS in Nangarhar.
The GBU-43/B bomb was dropped in Achin district on Thursday evening local time, the Pentagon said. It is more than 9m (30 feet) in length.
It was first tested in 2003, but had not been deployed in combat before.
"We targeted a system of tunnels and caves that ISIS fighters use to move around freely, making it easier for them to target US military advisers and Afghan forces in the area," White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer said, using another name for IS.
He said necessary precautions were taken to prevent civilian casualties and "collateral damage".
The area where the bomb was dropped is mostly mountainous and sparsely populated, BBC correspondents say. Local sources said the explosion was so powerful it was heard in two neighbouring districts.
The US has not yet confirmed the results of the strike in detail, but a local official told the BBC that many IS militants were killed, allegedly including the brother of a senior leader.
US President Donald Trump called it "another successful job".
The clue is in the ungainly name - the MOAB or GBU-43/B massive ordnance air blast is the US military's most destructive conventional (that is non-nuclear) bomb.
It is a huge weapon, and is GPS-guided. This looks to be the first time it has ever been used in combat.
It was dropped from a MC-130 aircraft - the US Special Forces variant of the Hercules transport. The weapon is carried on a special cradle inside the aircraft from which it is extracted by a parachute.
Its principal effect is a massive blast over a huge area. It is a larger version of weapons used during the Vietnam War.
The Trump administration's policy towards Afghanistan remains under consideration but the use of this weapon sends a powerful signal that IS is top of the administration's target list wherever its offshoots may be found.
Gen John Nicholson, commander of US forces in Afghanistan, said the jihadist group's "losses have mounted, they are using IEDs, bunkers and tunnels to thicken their defence.
"This is the right munition to reduce these obstacles and maintain the momentum of our offensive."
The governor of Achin district, Esmail Shinwari, told the AFP news agency that  the explosion was the biggest he had ever seen and that huge flames "engulfed the area".
IS announced the establishment of its Khorasan branch - an old name for Afghanistan and surrounding areas - in January 2015. It was the first time that IS had officially spread outside the Arab world.
It was the first major militant group to directly challenge the Afghan Taliban's dominance over the local insurgency.
IS in Afghanistan: How successful has the group been?
However, experts say it has struggled to build a wide political base and the indigenous support it expected in Afghanistan.
It has also steadily lost territory and fighters to US air strikes and an assault by Afghan forces on the ground
Estimates about IS's numerical strength inside Afghanistan vary, ranging from several hundred to a few thousand fighters. US forces say their number has been cut in half since early 2016 due to military operations.


A woman has been charged with drinking and driving after a car carrying four children overturned at a caravan park.

Two girls, aged three and eight, and two boys, aged six and nine, escaped injury in the crash in Nab Tower Lane, Selsey in West Sussex, on Sunday.
The driver and a female passenger were also unhurt.
The woman, aged 36, from London, is also charged with being drunk in charge of a child under seven and is due at Worthing Magistrates' Court on 9 June.


Satirical French magazine Charlie Hebdo has been criticised on social media for a cartoon depicting Italian earthquake victims as pasta dishes.

The cartoon which features in its current issue refers to the town of Amatrice, one of the areas hardest hit by the 6.2 magnitude earthquake last week.
Amatrice is home of spaghetti all'amatriciana, a dish with ingredients including tomato sauce, and guanciale ham.
The image shows an injured man and a woman standing next to a pile of rubble from which feet can be seen. Each of the standing figures has been named after a pasta dish.
The bandaged man is shown under the words penne tomato sauce, a woman with burns is depicted as penne gratin, and bodies lying beneath layers of rubble as lasagne all beneath the heading "Earthquake Italian style".
The cartoon which is being circulated on social media has attracted huge criticism globally and in Italy it has made the pages of Italian national newspapers La Stampa and Corriere della Serra.
It is not the first time #CharlieHebdo has been used on social media to express outrage at one of its cartoons.
@DaniBailo tweeted in Italian: "The cartoon you didn't expect. Worthy is the concept that satire is free but good taste has boundaries."
While @Lellina23 posted: "This is disgusting. #CharlieHebdo you need to learn a little respect! #Italyearthquake #Italy"
In another post @RNocerino goes into detail criticising the cartoon. In it he states: "All I would like to say is if Charlie Hebdo was bombed again I shall not be participating in the status Je Suis Charlie."
The magazine is no stranger to criticism. In 2015 it published a controversial cartoon of the young Syrian refugee Alan Kurdi who drowned while fleeing Syria and has also posted controversial sketches of the Prophet Muhammad.
Despite the current controversy the publication has also been seen as a beacon for free speech, with many of its defenders using the hashtag #JeSuisCharlie to defend the publication and its articles particularly following the attack on its offices in 2015.
However this latest cartoon appears to even test the patience of those who once supported it and some social media users were quick to make that point:
Produced by Rozina Sini, BBC UGC and Social News team


If you're old enough to see Blair Witch in theatres this Halloween, you are too old for trick-or-treating in one Canadian town.

Bathurst, New Brunswick forbids teens from trick-or-treating on 31 October.
Those that break these rules could be subject to a fine up to CA$200 ($149; Â£122)
"No person(s) over the age of 14 yrs. shall take part in door-to-door soliciting (trick-or-treating)," the town bylaw states.
The bylaw also says that once the clock strikes 19:00, frivolities like "door-to-door soliciting" and "facial disguises" are also banned.
The rules have been on the books since 2005 but have only recently received widespread attention, ever since local parent Calvin Sisk complained to the mayor that his older teenage daughter couldn't celebrate All Hallows Eve with her younger sister.
"There are some kids that are old, but they're really young at heart. That's what my daughter is. She's 16 years old and she can't go out with her sister anymore trick-or-treating," Sisk told the Toronto Star. "She missed Halloween last year because of the bylaw."
Sweets to eat on Mexico's Day of the Dead
China's Alibaba in 'flying pig' controversy
Record-breaking laksa thrown away
Mr Sisk brought the issue up with the mayor, Paolo Fongemie, who discussed it during October's council meeting in the presence of media.
Over the next week, dozens of news outlets reported on the Halloween-ruining bylaw, and Mr Fongemie's phone has been ringing off the hook.
"It's divided a little bit our community right now," Mr Fongemie, who was elected early this spring, told the BBC.
Some say the laws were enacted to prevent common hooliganism, but others, including the mayor, say it also kills joy.
Deputy Mayor Lee Stever told the Canadian Press that he believes the law was enacted because some senior citizens had complained about older kids bothering them late at night.
"I've noticed that after 7 pm, most kids are off the street so I think most people are aware of it," Mr Stever said. "So, I'm not in favour of changing it."
Mr Fongemie says he was initially "surprised" to find out they even had such a bylaw, and can't remember the last time it was enforced.
"I think we can achieve the same goal in order to have public safety and still have kids have fun," he said.
Mr Fongemie said the town of 12,000 has one of the oldest populations in the province of New Brunswick, with an average age of 50, and all this publicity isn't helping them attract a younger demographic.
"I'm not sure with the reaction it's getting, we're achieving that goal," he said.
Mr Fongemie said it is too late to do anything about the bylaw this year, but he hopes council will agree to amend it for 2017.
"I think it's more of a type of a guideline, a community thing, and I think it allows an opportunity for the community to say 'look this is how we want to celebrate Halloween,'" he said.


Everton defender John Stones should join Manchester United instead of Chelsea, according to former Red Devils defender Rio Ferdinand.

The Toffees have rejected at least one £20m bid from Chelsea for 21-year-old England international Stones, with United also thought to be interested.
"If he goes to Chelsea, he's not playing every week," said Ferdinand.
"If you tell any young footballer to leave a club to sit on the bench, you've got to be a lunatic."
Since joining Everton from Barnsley in 2013, Stones has made 44 Premier League appearances and earned four England caps.
Toffees boss Roberto Martinez has said he is determined to keep hold of the centre-half.
Ferdinand added: "He's at that stage of his development where he wants to play every week.
"If he goes to Manchester United, he plays every week so that's the right club for him."
Ferdinand, who played 453 times for United, believes Old Trafford boss Louis van Gaal needs defensive improvements.
United have Chris Smalling, Phil Jones, Marcos Rojo, Jonny Evans, Paddy McNair and Tyler Blackett as central-defensive options, while Daley Blind also played there during pre-season.
"I don't think Van Gaal knows his best defence - that's a problem in itself," said 36-year-old Ferdinand, who retired at the end of last season.
"Part of the reason he doesn't know it is because he hasn't had a chance to watch them all play over a long time - consistently for 12 or 15 games.
"If you don't get that familiarity between you as defenders, it's difficult to build foundations."


Euro 2012 executive director Krzystof Pohorecki says Poland and Ukraine have proved the doubters wrong by hosting a successful tournament.

Concerns had been raised over readiness of the two countries to co-host the competition amid threats of fan violence and racism.
But in a BBC Sport interview, Pohorecki said Euro 2012 had been a big success.
"We feel pride because a lot of people didn't really believe we could make it and we did," said Pohorecki.
Host nation: France
How many nations? 24 countries  for the first time, up from 16 in 2012, playing 51 matches over one month
Clashes between rival Russian and and Polish football fans in the Polish capital Warsaw marred a Euro 2012 tie between the two teams on 12 June.
But while admitting lessons had been learned, Pohorecki played down both that incident and also isolated cases of racial abuse from supporters.
"From all the specific reports I have, there is always something you can do a little bit better for the next tournament," added Pohorecki.
"And the next tournament is in France so we will pass our knowledge on to them."
He added he had been "surprised" by the BBC Panorama programme days before the tournament which asked whether Uefa should have chosen Poland and Ukraine to co-host the event after revealing evidence of racist violence at football matches in both countries.
"I was surprised by it [Panorama] because in every country you can make this kind of programme," insisted Pohorecki.
"You can make it in England, you can make it in the Netherlands... this kind of message I think you can make in any country.
"At this kind of event, the size of the event, by definition and statistics there will always bring issues.
"But if you have riots in Warsaw and then after you have a report from the medical side which shows six people in hospital... six people in hospital is a normal day.
"A regular wedding in Poland is usually six people in hospital! So everything is about how you want to show it."
Pohorecki backed Uefa president Michel Platini, who said the 2020 European Championship could be spread across various cities in Europe, rather than having a single host.
"Why not? Is it a crazy idea? We will see," he said.
"Never say anything is impossible because everything is possible."


Surrey Police has lost experienced officers because the area is too expensive, the county's police and crime commissioner has said.

Kevin Hurley said the force had the highest rate of officers leaving in England.
He wants the introduction of a "Surrey weighting", where police are paid more than the national rate.
The Home Office said it would consider any recommendations made by the Police Remuneration Review Body.
Speaking to BBC Surrey, Mr Hurley said: "We need to recruit 140 people this year and we've manage to recruit 32.
"Additionally, our unplanned attrition has been 72 - it's therefore absolutely clear we are losing people quicker than we can recruit them.
"All emergency services... are paid on national rates, but the cost of living is very different to Lincolnshire."
There are currently 1,889 police officers in the force and 1,917 members of staff.
Mr Hurley added: "You've got absolutely no chance whatsoever of buying a house in the county on police officers' pay."
A Home Office spokesman said: "The Home Secretary will receive the first report of the Police Remuneration Review Body later this month and she will consider any recommendations it makes, including on regional pay.
"Surrey Police officers can already be paid an extra Â£2,000 per year, at the discretion of the chief constable, as a south east allowance."


Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed an updated national security paper describing Nato's expansion as a threat to the country.

The paper says Russia's "independent domestic and foreign policy" has triggered a "counter-action" from the US and its allies.
It accuses these countries of striving to dominate global affairs.
The conflict in Ukraine, which began in 2014, has led to a sharp deterioration between Russia and the West.
The updated National Security Strategy signed by President Putin on Thursday is the latest in a series that are critical of Nato.
In 2014 Russia announced it was altering its military doctrine to take account of the Ukraine crisis and Nato's presence in eastern Europe.
Kremlin adviser Mikhail Popov said at the time that Nato's enlargement in recent years meant the alliance was getting closer to [Russian] borders and presented an "external threat" to his country.
Albania and Croatia joined Nato in 2009. In 2011, the alliance recognised four aspiring members - Bosnia, Georgia, Macedonia, and Montenegro.
What next for President Putin?
Is Russia still a key world power?
Vladimir Putin: Russia's action man president
Russia's National Security Strategy is updated every six years.
The new version says Russia is strengthening its military "on the background of new threats to national security that have a complicated and interlinked character".
The paper says Nato's recent build-up of military potential around Russia's borders constitute "violations of norms of international law".
The BBC's Diplomatic Correspondent Bridget Kendall says that Mr Putin is determined through his interventions in Syria and Ukraine to wield his country's military clout, so that the world in general and the United States in particular realise that Russia is an equal partner whose interests must be accommodated.
Our correspondent says Mr Putin wants the West to acknowledge Russia's right to treat its post-Soviet neighbours as part of its sphere of influence, free from links to Nato or any other Western-dominated alliance.
He is on the lookout for levers to weaken Europe's ties with the US, our correspondent says, in the hope of one day turning Russia into Europe's main strategic partner.


From a timid start in 1969, the Pan-African film and television festival (Fespaco) has today grown into the leading cultural event in Africa.

It takes place every two years in Burkina Faso's capital, Ouagadougou, with the stated aim of promoting African cinema.
The event is loosely modelled on the Cannes Film festival. Like Cannes, it:
This year's edition has been going on since last Saturday and is wrapping up this weekend. Here, are six things you need to know about the festival.
Fespaco received almost 1,000 submissions for 2017, far more than previous years.
The festival used to be very select with regard to which type of production is acceptable and who could compete.
Films shot on budget-intensive celluloid were the standard and the official selection was open only to continental African directors.
The restriction was lifted a year ago. So now, digital films and films from directors from the African diaspora qualify for consideration in all categories.
The large number of entries meant submissions were put through a sift, and ultimately 150 films were retained by the organisers.
But many directors are in Ouagadougou to promote work which does not feature in the official strands - so a total of 200 films are being screened during the festival.
No picture at Fespaco 2017 seems to be making as much a splash on the festival enthusiasts as The African Storm, a film by Beninese director Sylvestre Amoussou.
It features among the 20 films which are up for the top award - the Golden Stallion of Yennega, a trophy with a cash prize of 20,000,000 CFA francs ($32,000; Â£26,000).
The film tells the story of an African president who nationalises businesses run by racist, cynical Western executives.
"It's not an anti-European film, but a film against the governments of states that exploit us," Amoussou told the AFP news agency.
The subject matter of The African Storm is rarely tackled by African productions which are usually funded by Western donors under criteria that favour themes on a "miserable Africa", Amoussou says.
With the unusually provocative message it conveys, the movie seems to connect so well with its Fespaco audience.
Its screening on Wednesday was punctuated by applause and shouts of approval.
When Ethiopian filmmaker Haile Guerima won the Golden Stallion of Yennega, Fespaco's top award, in 2009, he did not show up to collect the trophy in person.
Guerima had vowed he would not set foot in Burkina Faso for as long as President Blaise Compaore was in power.
Guerima's boycott was because he believed Mr Compaore killed Thomas Sankara in 1987 to grab power. Mr Compaore, who was ousted in 2014 by a popular uprising, denies the allegation.
Now Guerima might have more than one reason to set foot back in Burkina Faso for Fespaco. Not only is Mr Compaore no longer in power; but also a prize has now been created in honour of Thomas Sankara.
Praised by supporters for his integrity and selflessness, the military captain and anti-imperialist revolutionary, often nicknamed Africa's Che Guevara, led Burkina Faso for four years from 1983.
Be it through the red beret worn by firebrand South African politician Julius Malema, or the household brooms being wielded at street demonstrations in Burkina Faso, there are signs that Sankara's legacy is enjoying a revival.
The prize in his name has been created to promote that legacy.
Contenders to the award are not required to tackle a "revolutionary" theme - the winning production is picked for its artistic merit.
'Africa's Che Guevara': Thomas Sankara's legacy
Discover more about Burkina Faso
Security has always been stepped up in Ouagadougou during Fespaco, but none of the previous festivals has ever taken place under such heavy security.
Armed soldiers have been positioned at screening venues and crowded places to prevent the festival coming under assault.
Burkina Faso has been rocked by a series of attacks by Islamist militants over the last two years, with the deadliest so far killing 30 people in January 2016.
And as the festival was getting underway earlier this week, two police posts came under attack.
The attack prompted organisers to reassure the public over security.
"I call on all festival-goers to remain calm because security forces are doing their best to assure maximum security,'' said Marcel Pare, head of security for Fespaco 2017.
Every year, an African country is designated as "guest of honour" - this year, it is Burkina Faso's neighbour Ivory Coast.
Political tensions have been running high between Ouagadougou and Abidjan since former President Compaore fled into exile in Ivory Coast after he was ousted in 2014.
Honouring Ivory Coast through Fespaco is seen as one of many ways for officials in Burkina to reduce the tensions.
Ivory Coast responded in style, with two Ivorian productions featuring in the festival's main competition.
But that is not all: Ivory Coast provided its mega reggae star - Alpha Blondy - as the lead act for the lavish performances which marked the opening ceremony of Fespaco 2017 last Saturday.
Next to Fespaco's main building is an enormous structure which should have been the festival's major hub this year.
If the plan had been on-course, most films at the Fespaco would have been screened from purpose-built rooms within the structure.
Visitors could have gone to an African cinema museum inside the same building - in short, a lot was expected from it.
But there is a problem with "La Salle Polyvalente" - Fespaco's long awaited and delayed multi-function complex.
After it took many years to complete with delays blamed on mysterious accidents happening on the construction site, it later caught fire and work to restore it was not completed in time for this year's edition.
That started a rumour which has it that the building is haunted.
La Salle Polyvalente was reportedly built on a sacred plot of land and the unhappy local residents would not let any use be made of the building.
Officially, that explanation is rubbished.
"A myth has been created," Baba Hama the longest serving director of Fespaco told AFP.
"Haunted? And how could I still be alive? Traditional authorities granted permission. Ceremonies of exorcism took place.
"The sacred wood had been spared through a careful delimitation. Plus in Africa, there is always an antidote for calming the spirits."
No matter how much officials try to put the rumours to rest, there is always a tale in Ouagadougou about some angry ancestors frowning upon the defiling art of the cinema and who would not let La Salle Polyvalente be put to its intended use.


The tiny state of Brunei has one of the world's highest standards of living thanks to its bountiful oil and gas reserves.

Its ruling royals, led by the head of state Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, possess a huge private fortune and its largely ethnic-Malay population enjoy generous state handouts and pay no taxes.
A British protectorate since 1888, Brunei was the only Malay state in 1963 which chose to remain so rather than join the federation that became Malaysia. Full independence came relatively late in 1984.
Despite a significant non-Muslim minority presence in the country and strong condemnation from international rights group, in 2014 Brunei became the first East Asian country to adopt strict Islamic sharia law which allows punishment such as stoning for adultery and amputation for theft.
Population 413,000
Area 5,765 sq km (2,226 sq miles)
Major languages Malay, English, Chinese
Ethnicity 65% ethnic Malay, 10% Chinese
Religious make-up 78% Muslim, 8% Christian, 7% Buddhist
Life expectancy 76 years (men), 81 years (women)
The Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah, is one of the world's longest-reigning and few remaining absolute monarchs. He was crowned in August 1968 following the abdication of his father, Sir Haji Omar Ali Saifuddin.
Upon Brunei's independence in 1984, he appointed himself prime minister and in 1991, introduced an ideology called Malay Muslim Monarchy, which presented the monarch as the defender of the faith.
He is one of the world's richest individuals and in a country where the standard of living is high, appears to enjoy genuine popularity amongst his subjects. More recently however, he has faced criticism over the introduction of Islamic Sharia law in the country.
Brunei's media are neither diverse nor free. The private press is either owned or controlled by the royal family. Media are subject to self-censorship on political and religious matters and a press law provides prison terms of up to three years for reporting "false news". Access to the internet is said to be unrestricted.
Some key dates in Brunei's history:
15th century - Islamic sultanate of Brunei nominally in control of Borneo, including Sabah and Sarawak state of Malaysia, and some parts of the Sulu islands in the Philippines.
1888 - Brunei becomes a British protectorate.
1963 - Brunei chooses to remain a British dependency rather than join the Federation of Malaysia.
1967 - Hassanal Bolkiah becomes sultan following the abdication of his father, Sultan Omar.
1984 - Brunei becomes independent.
2014 - Brunei becomes the first East Asian country to adopt Islamic sharia law despite widespread international condemnation.


County champions Durham will travel to promoted Northants for the first game in defence of their title.

The 2014 season gets under way on 23 March when Durham face an MCC XI in Abu Dhabi in the four-day curtain-raiser.
They will then have to wait until 13 April for their first Championship game as they are not involved in the opening round of matches, beginning on 6 April.
The NatWest T20 Blast starts on 16 May with holders Northants at Yorkshire and the Royal London One-Day Cup in July.
Division One
Notts v Lancashire
Sussex v Middlesex
Division Two
Hampshire v Worcestershire
Leicestershire v Derbyshire
Surrey v Glamorgan
The new 50-over competition, which begins on 26 July, replaces the YB40, which ended this summer when Nottinghamshire defeated Glamorgan by 87 runs at Lord's.
The County Championship will start four days earlier than in 2013, but will only finish one day earlier, with the final round of matches beginning on 23 September.
Major changes for the new season will see the majority of Championship fixtures beginning on Sundays, instead of Wednesdays, and teams earning five points for a draw instead of three.
The England and Wales Cricket Board says the points change will "provide greater reward for hard-fought draws and matches where bad weather has affected the outcome".
The highlight of the opening round of Championship fixtures will see Lancashire - this summer's Division Two champions - returning to the top flight with a game against Notts, who have signed Australia pace bowler Peter Siddle as their overseas player for 2014, at Trent Bridge.
Sussex v Middlesex is the only other Division One fixture scheduled for 6 April, but there are three games in the second tier.
Both of this summer's relegated sides will be among those in action.
Surrey, who will be hoping skipper Graeme Smith stays injury-free after missing most of the 2013 season after undergoing ankle surgery, are at home to Glamorgan at The Oval while Derbyshire make the short trip south to play Leicestershire at Grace Road.
Durham join the fray at Northampton a week later, with skipper Paul Collingwood beginning what may be his final season in county cricket before pursuing a career in coaching, and will follow that with home fixtures against Somerset and 2013 runners-up Yorkshire, starting on 20 April and 7 May.
With Lancashire back in Division One, next summer will see the first Roses clashes in the Championship since 2011.
Yorkshire will stage the fixture that begins on Sunday 25 May at Headingley, with the re-match taking place at Old Trafford from 31 August.
Both limited overs competitions have undergone format changes, with new sponsors and only two groups of nine teams, instead of three as in previous years.
The T20 Blast will spread out over a period of more than two months, with the final round of group games on Friday 25 July, with the quarter-finals taking place from 1-3 August.
Edgbaston will play host to finals day for the sixth time on Saturday 23 August, six days later than this summer.
Scotland, Unicorns and the Netherlands will not be involved in the One-Day Cup, their involvement in the county game having come to an end with the demise of the 40-over competition.
The final at Lord's will take place on 20 September and, as in 2013, will come before the final round of Championship fixtures in which Durham will travel to 2012 champions Warwickshire.
Derbyshire
Durham
Essex
Glamorgan
Gloucestershire
Hampshire
Lancashire
Leicestershire
Kent
Middlesex
Northants
Nottinghamshire
Somerset
Surrey
Sussex
Warwickshire
Worcestershire
Yorkshire
Group A: Leicestershire, Northants, Yorkshire, Worcestershire, Derbyshire, Essex, Gloucestershire, Lancashire, Hampshire.
Group B: Surrey, Somerset, Kent, Sussex, Glamorgan, Durham, Middlesex, Nottinghamshire, Warwickshire.
North: Birmingham Bears (Warwickshire), Durham, Yorkshire, Lancashire, Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Worcestershire, Northants.
South: Kent, Essex, Sussex, Hampshire, Middlesex, Surrey, Gloucestershire, Somerset, Glamorgan.


Roger Federer will try to win the Wimbledon men's title for a record eighth time when he plays Marin Cilic in Sunday's final.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Federer, 35, will become the oldest champion at SW19 since the Open era began in 1968 if he overcomes 28-year-old Croat Cilic on Centre Court.
The Swiss superstar is looking to secure a 19th Grand Slam title against a man who has just one - the 2014 US Open - to his name.
But will it be as straightforward as many expect? Four-time Wimbledon semi-finalist and former British number one Tim Henman tells BBC Sport why Cilic could spring a surprise.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Cilic led Federer by two sets to love and had three match points in the fourth set of their Wimbledon quarter-final last year, before Federer triumphed in five sets. Federer has won six of their seven meetings since 2008.
Henman: Federer is the favourite but Cilic definitely has a chance. To put it into context, I would say if they played 10 times I think Cilic could win twice - well, maybe two and a half times.
He came very close to beating Federer here last year - and he should have won that match.
Cilic did beat him at the US Open, on his way to winning that title in 2014, and I think it is also in his favour that he has been in a Grand Slam final before.
If it was his first Slam final I think that would be an even bigger occasion for him to deal with mentally.
Yes, it is his first final at Wimbledon, and Roger has been there 10 times before, but Cilic has plenty of experience. He will know the crowd will be behind Federer but that won't worry him, and he is a very dangerous player.
Henman: I don't think fatigue will make a difference here. When you take into account that it is the final and the adrenalin rush that Cilic will get from being in such a huge match, I don't see him being tired.
I think who wins is going to boil down more to who is going really dominate with their serve and attacking baseline play.
If Cilic is going to have a chance, I think that is where he really needs to be super-aggressive from the back of the court and try to take Federer's time away to stop him dictating points.
Henman: Serve is such an important factor in Federer's game.
He has only been broken four times in 79 service games at the tournament so far and, when you are holding serve so comfortably, that is such a great platform to free you up to be more aggressive in your return games.
Cilic has done well returning serve on his way to the final - has won more break points than any other man at Wimbledon this year - 26.
The challenge for him on Sunday is to find a way of adding to that total against someone as good as Federer.
Media playback is not supported on this device
We have not seen Federer's serve under pressure very often at this tournament, but he showed in his semi-final against Tomas Berdych how he can respond when it does happen.
He faced break points at 15-40 at 3-3 in the third set but responded with a series of aces that saw him hold. Less than 15 minutes later, he was through.
Henman: Cilic is a tall guy with long arms and a very big reach so he is able to get a lot of serves back in play, and be aggressive about it too - particularly against second serves.
He has to do that against Federer, every time he gets a look at a second serve.
It will be harder for him to do that on Sunday than in any of his six matches here so far, because Federer has got a great second serve too, but Cilic has to attack him whenever he gets the chance.
Henman: Cilic's serve is one of his main weapons and following it into the net sometimes would give Federer something different to deal with.
Federer is very good at blocking the ball back but, if you are serving big, then you know a lot of the time that is all he is going to do.
Media playback is not supported on this device
I was amazed at one of the statistics I saw about Berdych after he had been beaten by Federer - the Czech had served 394 first serves at the tournament and had only come to the net 11 times after it.
That is staggering when you have got as much power as he does, and I definitely think that if Cilic can serve and volley once a game just to keep Federer guessing, it could be an important tactic.
Federer is playing in his 11th Wimbledon final, 14 years after his first. He was last at this stage in 2015, when he lost to Novak Djokovic. Before winning the 2017 Australian Open in January, he had not won a Grand Slam since his last Wimbledon triumph in 2012.
If Federer does win Wimbledon for an eighth time, it is a massive achievement in the same realms as Rafael Nadal winning his 10th French Open title last month.
When you think that, when Federer turned 35 last August, he was injured and did not play again for the rest of the year, it did not look like he would be adding to his 17 Slams.
He came back to win the Australian Open and if he was to win Wimbledon on Sunday then he will have won both the Slams he has played this year. I don't think anyone saw that coming.
But I don't get surprised by what Roger does anymore - I've said that enough times down the years, that I've given up being surprised by him. I am just amazed.
What he and Nadal have done this year has turned the clock back five years in the men's game, and they continue to be incredible to watch.


Women taking an emergency contraceptive pill containing levonorgestrel are being advised to check the ingredients of other medicines they are taking because they could stop the pill working.

The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency said women taking some medicines, and remedies containing St John's Wort are affected.
These women should take a double dose of the contraceptive pill, it said.
An information sheet gives more advice.
Levonorgestrel is a hormonal type of emergency contraception which can be used within three days of unprotected sex to prevent unwanted pregnancies.
But scientists have discovered that certain ingredients in other medicines significantly reduce the effectiveness of the levonorgestrel pill.
The MHRA said it was important that women tell their doctor, nurse or pharmacist if they are currently taking medicines to treat any of the following conditions. or have used one in the last four weeks:
It said women affected by the clash of ingredients in their medicines could either use another type of emergency contraception - such as a coil - or take a double dose of the emergency contraceptive pill containing levonorgestrel.
Pharmacists will give these women two packs which should be taken together at the same time.
The MHRA has produced a new information sheet advising women what they need to do to make sure they get effective emergency contraception.
St John's Wort is a plant with yellow flowers which is also used as a herbal remedy to relieve low mood and mild anxiety.
The flowering plant grows mainly in Europe, Asia and North America.
The name is thought to have come from its bright yellow flowers that bloom in time for St John's Day in June.
St John's Wort tablets, which are made from the plant, contain hypericin which is used to treat depression, and hyperforin which has antibiotic properties.
Dr Sarah Branch, deputy director of MHRA's Vigilance and Risk Management of Medicines Division, said: "Our new patient information sheet provides information on what types of medicines could interfere with how the emergency contraceptive works.
"It tells women what steps they need to take to ensure they receive the correct dose."
She added: "The earlier that emergency contraception is taken after unprotected intercourse, the better it works."


Tissue samples from the body of a billionaire Georgian tycoon, Kakha Bendukidze, will be sent from London to Moscow for DNA tests amid a court battle over his fortune.

A High Court judge in London ruled in favour of Anastasia Goncharova, a 24-year-old King's College graduate, who says she is Bendukidze's daughter.
Bendukidze's widow Natalia Zolotova argued against sending the samples. Ms Goncharova might prove to be the heir.
Bendukidze died in London in November.
Aged 58, he had had heart surgery in Zurich a week earlier.
The tissue samples are being kept under lock and key at Imperial College, London, on the order of a British coroner.
But Judge Thirlwall said that if some samples were not released and sent to Moscow for testing there would be a risk of "grave injustice".
"The results of the testing are overwhelmingly likely to determine paternity. There is no good reason to delay this fundamental step any further," said Mrs Justice Thirlwall on Wednesday.
"The Russian court has ordered that the testing take place now. Further delay will achieve nothing."
Ms Goncharova is embroiled in court cases against the tycoon's widow and his sister Nunu in Russia and Georgia. They both dispute her claim to be his daughter.
Ms Zolotova, who writes for Russian Vogue, said she knew nothing about Ms Goncharova until the latter turned up at Bendukidze's funeral.
The tycoon is reported to have had enormous wealth in Russia. He trained as a biologist and made his fortune in heavy industry in Russia in the 1990s.
In 2004-2008 he oversaw economic reforms in Georgia under former President Mikheil Saakashvili. He also engaged in philanthropy, supporting the Free University of Tbilisi and Agricultural University of Georgia.
Ms Zolotova stood to inherit his riches as his widow until Ms Goncharova contested the claim.
If it were proven that Ms Goncharova was Bendukidze's daughter then she would inherit his fortune, but Ms Zolotova might still be able to stake a claim under Georgian law.


Lord Rose, former chief executive of Marks and Spencer, is to lead a cross-party campaign for the UK to stay in the European Union.

The Conservative peer, now chairman of the In Campaign, said the UK was "stronger in Europe" and to leave the EU would be a "leap into the unknown".
It comes after a group of Conservative, Labour and UKIP MPs launched a campaign to take the UK out of the EU on Friday.
David Cameron has promised a referendum on the issue by the end of 2017.
The prime minister held talks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel at Chequers on Friday, in which he stressed he wanted to "secure reforms and then keep the United Kingdom in a reformed EU".
A Downing Street spokesman said Mr Cameron had noted the talks were "progressing well" but there was still "much to be worked through in order to find a solution".
Lord Rose's appointment comes as a review of the "costs and benefits" of the UK's membership of the EU, to be conducted by the Treasury Select Committee, was announced.
Stuart Rose and M&S: A 'beautiful friendship'
The In Campaign - which officially launches its bid on Monday - said Lord Rose would take up the position with immediate effect.
Lord Rose said leaving the EU "risked" Britain's prosperity.
"The choice in the coming referendum is between remaining stronger, safer and better off inside Europe, or taking a leap into the unknown, risking our prosperity, threatening our safety, and diminishing our influence in the world," he said.
BBC political correspondent Robin Brant said the language used by Lord Rose was reminiscent of the successful Better Together campaign during last year's referendum on Scottish independence.
The campaign could play on "the fear factor" of the UK leaving the EU, said our correspondent, adding: "He [Lord Rose] talks about a 'hard-headed practical decision', the UK being 'safer and stronger'.
"But also he talks about 'a leap into the unknown', and I think that is something that is similar to the message that came from the 'No' campaign."
A guide to the EU referendum
In or out? The arguments for and against
What do big businesses say on the issue?
EU referendum: What will happen when?
What Britain wants from Europe
Will Straw, executive director of the In Campaign, said Lord Rose brought "unparalleled experience of business and enterprise".
"He knows the value that Britain's membership of the EU brings to businesses right across the UK, and what would be at risk if we left," he said.
Vote Leave, made up of Conservative, Labour and UKIP MPs and donors, launched its campaign on Friday.
Supporters of the campaign, which says it wants to negotiate a new deal based on free trade and friendly co-operation, include Labour's Kate Hoey and UKIP's Douglas Carswell.
It is competing with a rival group - the UKIP-backed Leave.EU - to be the official campaign to leave the EU.
The Electoral Commission has yet to designate the official campaigns on either side of the EU debate.
The chosen groups will benefit from increased spending limits of Â£7m during the campaign period, campaign broadcasts, and a free mailout to households.
They all get access to public meeting rooms and to the electoral register, and are entitled to public grants of up to Â£600,000.
The Electoral Commission has recommended voters in the election are asked whether the UK should "remain in" or "leave" the EU, rather than being asked to answer a "yes or no" question.
The government has tabled an amendment to the bill.


Three people have been charged in connection with a plot to smuggle cocaine with an estimated street value of £150m into the UK.

The drugs were found on luxury yacht Makayabella after it was stopped off the coast of Ireland in September.
David Webster, 44, Philip McElhone, 29, and Dawne Powell, 56, all from West Yorkshire, have been charged with conspiracy to import cocaine.
All three will appear at Leeds Crown Court on 8 April.
Mr Webster, of Rillmead, Otley, Mr McElhone, of Freemantle Place, Halton Moor, in Leeds, and Mrs Powell were remanded in custody following a hearing at Wakefield Magistrates' Court on Wednesday.
Mrs Powell, of Netherfield Road, Guiseley, is also charged with money-laundering.
It is believed the drugs, which came from Venezuela, would have had a street value in excess of £150m.
The Makayabella was intercepted by Irish authorities while investigators also seized a 25ft (7.6m) motor boat called Sea Breeze, moored in Pwllheli, north Wales.
Three men are awaiting trial in Ireland in connection with the seizure.