Britain's supermarkets continue to feel the pain from having to adapt to our changing behaviour.

Sainsbury's was the most recent one to report falling sales.
And because big warehouse supermarkets are less profitable than they were - indeed, they're becoming something of a burden - its out-of-town real estate has been written down in value, registering a loss.
With its latest results, Sainsbury's has offered an interesting insight into how those shopping habits are changing.
It says consumers became more savvy through the downturn. They managed household budgets more carefully, with more frequent shops and less waste.
Supermarkets have provided us with more convenience stores because, well, they're more convenient, with reliable stock, which is why we're using them more.
And for the bigger shops with bulkier items, customers have gained in confidence about online shopping and delivery.
Sainsbury's says the supermarket will remain dominant.  It cites forecasts that suggest, seven years from now, 60% of spend will remain at the bigger format of store.
But economic recovery has moved things on from the downturn years.
Customers are taking advantage of lower prices, but are also shopping with more confidence about their household budgets.
They're indulging in the treats on which they missed out over recent years - "like eating out more frequently and purchasing big ticket items for the home".
That trend has also fed through to changes in the restaurant business, as McDonald's, for instance, struggles to adapt to the growing casual dining experience of Nando's.
A bit more spending power may also explain the latest retail industry figures, showing the growth of Lidl and Aldi sales, while still much stronger than others, has been slowing down.
Kantar reports that, in the 12 weeks to the end of April, Aldi sales were up 15% to a 5.4% share of the retail multiples takings, with Lidl up 10% to 3.8%.
The biggest loser in these latest rankings was Asda, heavily dependent on huge out-of-town stores for the big family shop - down 2.2% in takings since last year. Its market share fell below 17%, only just ahead of Sainsbury's.
Tesco's sales also fell 1%, with its problems well documented. But it remains king, on a share of more than 28%.
With the move to convenience stores, supermarkets are differentiating between the price-driven family shop and the impulse buy of a sandwich, which turns out to be less price sensitive than most other products.
Likewise with flowers for Valentine's Day.
With fresh product, people are willing to pay for freshness and quality. (Incidentally, Greene King pubs reported this week an 150% increase in Prosecco sales on Valentine's Day).
Morrison's also let us peek into some industry intelligence with its most recent figures.
It cited market research which shows the average British shopping basket now contains 11 items, it costs Â£15, and there are five such visits each week.
That's bad news for Morrison's, which was late into convenience stores, and has already admitted that it's got them wrong, so has called a halt.
That insight was as it announced a return to staffed express check-outs.
It has realised that customers are looking for value, and shopping around for it. But having found it, they want the personal touch of a real person to relieve them of their cash.
That's a bit confusing for those poor supermarket strategists, as they figure out how to slash prices with lower costs, but have to provide better customer service.
And in the face of so much more shopping around for value, the conclusion reached by Sainsbury's is that they need to build more customer loyalty, including the opportunity to cross-sell away from food.


Labour's failure to retain Copeland for the first time since the seat was created highlights three interlinked problems for the party.

The most serious is trust - or lack of it.
Labour insiders tell me they "got Jeremy to the right place on nuclear" - by not just committing to retaining the industry but also no longer opposing new capacity.
Yet very few voters here in Whitehaven that I spoke to this morning believed him - and some were still unaware of his position.
The second problem, though, is with Jeremy Corbyn himself.
Even some left-wing MPs tell me his leadership came up completely unprompted on the doorsteps. So messenger and message aren't fully trusted.
The third problem, though, is that while Labour is in opposition nationally - and Jeremy Corbyn says he will take on the political establishment - in areas which the party has controlled for decades it is seen as part of that establishment.
Voter after voter said to me "look at the town centre here" [pictured above] with pound shops, charity shops and bookies.
"Labour has done nothing for this area, we need new blood," said one. "I am 80 and Labour has been in charge all that time - we need a change," said another.
And that change was from the opposition to the government, standing conventional political wisdom on its head.


Business owners have said they are under threat over what they claim are unfair business rate rises in rural parts of Wales.

Company owners in Monmouthshire said some are facing increases in excess of 130%.
They have told BBC Wales it is another "nail in the coffin" for many rural high streets.
The Welsh Government said it would be providing £200m worth of business rate relief next year.
Business rates all over Wales and England have been re-calculated, with the tariffs based primarily on how much a property would cost to rent.
It was last calculated in 2010 based on 2008 prices. The new rate is based on 2015 prices and will come into force next April.
The smallest businesses will not have to pay any business rates.
UK government figures also show that rates, on average, are set to drop in Welsh cities.
But figures from the Valuation Office Agency show rates are on the rise in more rural areas.
Monmouth rare tea importer David Tovey said his business rates are set to rise by more than 60%.
"That extra £2,500 is probably going to mean either I'm not going to be putting food on the table, or I'm going to have to consider selling the business and at the moment that is more likely," he said.
Philip Ramsden, the proprietor of the Gatehouse Pub in Monmouth, said he was facing a rise of nearly 140% - an extra £15,000.
"I was enraged, because I was expecting some form of increases, but when I saw the actual increase in ours - that is non-viable," he said.
"We would seriously have to look at overheads and the only overhead is staff."
David Cummings, who chairs the Monmouth Chamber of Trade, said he believed the Welsh Government should have done more to highlight the potential consequences of the rate re-valuation.
"The Welsh Government has been remiss in the way it's provided information to business organisations," he claimed.
"The results of the Valuation Office exercise came out on the 30 September, and I've had no communication from the Welsh Government since then. I believe they should have had somebody monitoring the results and identifying any problem areas".
The Welsh Government has insisted it is acting to help businesses - especially smaller firms.
"Our Small Business Rates Relief scheme will save small businesses in Wales from having to pay £100m in tax in 2017-18 and a new permanent scheme will be introduced from 2018 onwards," a government official said.
"We also know business rates can represent a higher proportion of costs for smaller businesses - that's why we decided to act and announced a £10m transitional relief scheme, which will be available from 1 April 2017 when revaluation comes into effect."
The government said this cash was in addition to the £100m rate relief scheme.
A consultation on  business rates in Wales is set to end on Friday.
"All organisations representing businesses have had an opportunity to comment on the scheme through our consultation," added the spokesman.


Portsmouth earned an impressive victory at fellow League Two promotion hopefuls Luton.

The visitors were close early on as Matt Clarke's header was hooked off the line by Alan Sheehan before the Hatters took the lead on seven minutes, top scorer Danny Hylton thundering a header into the net.
Hylton had a second ruled out for offside, and Pompey equalised through Michael Smith's wonderful angled side-footed finish from 20 yards.
Michael Doyle sent his effort into the side-netting for Pompey, and Christian Walton saved well from Gary Roberts' drive, with David Forde repelling Hylton's effort from distance.
Pompey were in front on the stroke of half-time, when a corner was not cleared and Gareth Evans fired into the net.
In the second period Portsmouth missed two glorious chances, Christian Burgess nodding against the bar and Evans glancing wide from eight yards out.
Luton almost had a leveller when Forde made a mess of James Justin's cross and Sheehan's follow-up was kicked off the line by Burgess.
However, Pompey sealed their win with four minutes to go, sub Kal Naismith lashing home from an acute angle.
Report supplied by the Press Association
Match ends, Luton Town 1, Portsmouth 3.
Second Half ends, Luton Town 1, Portsmouth 3.
Noel Hunt (Portsmouth) is shown the yellow card.
Attempt missed. Danny Hylton (Luton Town) header from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Foul by Carl Baker (Portsmouth).
Alan Sheehan (Luton Town) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Substitution, Portsmouth. Noel Hunt replaces Michael Smith.
Foul by Michael Smith (Portsmouth).
Jordan Cook (Luton Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Portsmouth. Jack Whatmough replaces Kyle Bennett.
Foul by Kyle Bennett (Portsmouth).
Jonathan Smith (Luton Town) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Carl Baker (Portsmouth) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Craig Mackail-Smith (Luton Town).
Substitution, Luton Town. Craig Mackail-Smith replaces James Justin.
Goal!  Luton Town 1, Portsmouth 3. Kal Naismith (Portsmouth) right footed shot from the right side of the box to the bottom left corner.
Foul by Kyle Bennett (Portsmouth).
Alan Sheehan (Luton Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. Alan Sheehan (Luton Town) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Substitution, Luton Town. Jack Marriott replaces Isaac Vassell.
Enda Stevens (Portsmouth) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Isaac Vassell (Luton Town).
Kyle Bennett (Portsmouth) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Pelly Ruddock (Luton Town).
Attempt missed. Cameron McGeehan (Luton Town) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the left.
Substitution, Portsmouth. Kal Naismith replaces Gary Roberts.
Attempt saved. Alan Sheehan (Luton Town) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner.
Corner,  Luton Town. Conceded by Gareth Evans.
Enda Stevens (Portsmouth) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Isaac Vassell (Luton Town).
Foul by Danny Rose (Portsmouth).
Jordan Cook (Luton Town) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Kyle Bennett (Portsmouth).
Pelly Ruddock (Luton Town) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Attempt missed. Gareth Evans (Portsmouth) header from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the left.
Alan Sheehan (Luton Town) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Carl Baker (Portsmouth) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Alan Sheehan (Luton Town).
Olly Lee (Luton Town) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Hand ball by Kyle Bennett (Portsmouth).


Nottinghamshire have re-signed Australia pace bowler Peter Siddle on a two-year contract from 2016.

The 30-year-old, who has taken 198 wickets at an average of 29.87 in 57 Tests, played for Notts in 2014.
He will be available for County Championship and 50-over cricket.
"Notts have had a strong batting line-up for a long time and with some young bowlers also coming through, I'm excited by the way the squad is shaping up," Siddle said.
Siddle took 37 wickets in 11 County Championship matches for Notts in 2014.
He claimed 18 at 20.55 apiece in four games for Lancashire last season before Australia's Ashes campaign in England.
Siddle made his Test debut in 2008, took an Ashes hat-trick in 2010 and has claimed four five-wicket hauls against England, including 5-50 at Trent Bridge in 2013.
He is currently part of the squad for the home series against New Zealand and will arrive at Trent Bridge after the Australian season ends in March.
Notts director of cricket Mick Newell said: "He will provide leadership to our young bowling attack.
"He's very much suited to English conditions and we're certainly hoping to get the best out of him for the next couple of seasons."


A man has admitted raping and murdering schoolgirl Kayleigh Haywood, who was found dead in undergrowth five days after she went missing.

Stephen Beadman, 28, of George Avenue, Ibstock, pleaded guilty when he appeared via videolink at Leicester Crown Court.
The 15-year-old, from Leicestershire, was found dead last November.
Luke Harlow, also of George Avenue, admitted sexual grooming and two counts of sexual activity with the teenager.
Both men denied a charge of false imprisonment and will stand trial at Nottingham Crown Court on 8 June.
Police from across the East Midlands helped with the hunt for the teenager, after her disappearance on 13 November.
Kayleigh's disappearance prompted an outpouring of support for the family.
Vigils were held in the village of Measham, where she lived, and Ibstock where she had been a pupil.
Her body was found in a field outside Ibstock five days after she was last seen outside Ibstock Community College.
An inquest has heard Kayleigh died from head and facial injuries.
Kayleigh's family said at the time they were "heartbroken" and "grief-stricken".
"There are no words to express the way we are feeling," they said.
"We cannot even begin to thank the local communities and wider public for their messages of support which have helped us through the last week."
At Kayleigh's funeral in January, hundreds of mourners lined the streets of Measham as her coffin was carried on a white horse-drawn carriage.
Her favourite colour - purple - featured, with ribbons, flowers, and bows lining the route to the church.
Tributes were paid at the service by the headteacher of Ashby School, her brothers and sisters, and her parents.
Her family has previously said they plan to campaign to change laws surrounding the use of social media.


The domestic cat is descended from wild cats that were tamed twice - in the Near East and then Egypt, according to the largest study of its kind.

Farmers in the Near East were probably the first people to successfully tame wild cats about 9,000 years ago.
Then, a few thousand years later, cats spread out of ancient Egypt along maritime trade routes.
Today, cats live on all continents except Antarctica.
Scientists think wildcats began hanging around farms to prey on mice attracted to grain stores, starting the long relationship between humans and felines.
"There were two taming events - one in the Near East at the beginning and one in Egypt much later," said lead researcher Eva-Maria Geigl.
"And then the cat spread very efficiently all over the ancient world as a ship's cat. Both lineages are now present in modern cats."
Cats haven't always been lazy creatures, lounging around the house.
They spent thousands of years working as rat catchers on ships and farms, before becoming fully domesticated.
"I would say cats chose human company, but it was a commensal relationship - it was profitable to both sides," explained Dr Geigl, of Institut Jacques Monod in Paris.
In the study, researchers extracted mitochondrial DNA (which is passed down the maternal line) from more than 200 ancient cat remains that came from Viking graves, Egyptian mummies and Stone Age sites.
DNA evidence shows cat domestication began about 9,000 years ago in the Near East, where farming started. Farmers were probably the first people to tame wild cats and then take them on their travels, either accidently or deliberately.
A second wave of cat domestication happened in ancient Egypt. Cats spread to Europe during the Roman era and went even further during the Viking period. Egyptian cat DNA was even found in a Viking port, suggesting cats were carried on maritime trading routes to northern Europe.
Surprisingly, perhaps, tabby cats appeared only in the Middle Ages. DNA evidence suggests the gene mutation that causes blotched markings appeared in a cat in western Turkey in the 14th Century.
Over the next few hundred years, tabbies spread around the world, as cats became prized for their beauty rather than utilitarian skills.
"There was very little breeding and selection going on in cats up the 19th Century, in contrast with dogs," said Dr Geigl. "The cat was useful from the very beginning - it didn't have to be changed."
Today, there are many breeds of cats with different markings and coats. They include exotic breeds, from the Bambino (a hairless short cat) to the Cornish Rex (with a curly coat and Whippet-like body).
The research is published in Nature Ecology & Evolution.
Follow Helen on  Twitter.


The leader of Shia Houthi rebels in Yemen has said that the country is at a critical and defining moment.

In a televised address, Abdel Malek al-Houthi accused President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi and other leaders of putting their interests ahead of the Yemeni people.
Earlier, Houthi rebels shelled the president's home in Sanaa and seized control of the presidential palace.
The UN Security Council condemned the attack and voiced support for Mr Hadi.
Yemen, a key US ally in the fight against al-Qaeda in the region, has been beset by unrest for months.
"What happened was that they [the political leadership] have sunk deep into corruption and tyranny," Mr Houthi said.
"The nation has started moving towards a tragic situation and complete collapse. The situation has worsened on all fronts - political, economic and security - on a large scale."
Mr Houthi also accused the government of encouraging the spread of al-Qaeda in Yemen.
"They helped them to grow in all provinces and the president refused to order the army to wage war against them," he said.
Houthi militias, who are seeking greater autonomy for their home province, overran the capital Sanaa in September after moving out of their northern stronghold.
However, the capital's presidential buildings had remained outside their control.
President Hadi was reported to be inside his house when it was shelled but an official insisted he was safe.
Information Minister Nadia al-Sakkaf said on Twitter the president's home had come under heavy shelling from armed forces positioned on rooftops nearby.
The ceasefire that broke down on Tuesday had been agreed just one day earlier after hours of fierce clashes in the city between the presidential guard and the rebels.
Under an agreement with President Hadi, the Houthis - who abducted presidential chief of staff Ahmed Awad Bin Mubarak on Saturday - pledged to withdraw from the capital once a new unity government was formed.
The UN Security Council said in a statement adopted by all 15 members that President Hadi was "the legitimate authority".
It urged "all parties and political actors in Yemen" to stand with him and the government to "keep the country on track to stability and security".
The Houthis, who adhere to a branch of Shia Islam known as Zaidism, have staged periodic uprisings since 2004 in an effort to win greater autonomy for their northern heartland of Saada province.
They consolidated their control over Saada during the 2011 uprising that forced long-time President Ali Abdullah Saleh to step down.
Since July the rebels have inflicted defeats on tribal and militia groups backed by the leading Sunni Islamist party, Islah, and battled jihadist militants from al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), which has vowed to defend the country's Sunni community.
Opponents allege that the rebels ultimately hope to reinstall the Zaidi imamate, which ruled North Yemen for almost 1,000 years until 1962.


The sign on the door of Les Beguines, a corner cafe and bar in the rundown Brussels district of Molenbeek, said the place had been closed down because of suspected drug dealing on the premises.

Once a busy nightspot well known to locals - and local authorities - the bar now sits shuttered and silent. Two weeks after it closed its doors, owner Brahim Abdeslam detonated a suicide vest outside another busy corner cafe, this one in Paris.
At least 129 people were killed in the attacks carried out by Abdeslam and his accomplices, and more than 350 injured. At the Bataclan concert hall, where 89 people were shot dead, the killers said they were taking revenge for French air strikes in Syria.
But the alcohol behind the bar at Les Beguines, and the cannabis allegedly peddled around it - both prohibited by Islam - seem strangely at odds with the apparent religious fanaticism of its owner, and manager.
The manager was Brahim's younger brother Salah, a suspect in Friday's attacks and now the subject of a manhunt. A third brother, Mohamed, has been arrested, released, suspended from his job with the local council and forced to deny he is a terrorist.
The Abdeslam brothers were well known in Molenbeek, one of the poorest parts of Belgium and home to a large Muslim community. The district is also home to a large number of foreign fighters who have travelled to Syria and returned.
Brahim and Salah had several business interests in the town, including the bar and a grocery shop. The council ruled recently that the family income was too high for them to remain in their social housing, local officials told the BBC. Brahim went to the council and broke the door of the housing officer, and had to be restrained.
But the brothers did not seem like fanatics, customers and neighbours said. They enjoyed drinking and smoking, and good clothes.
"He was not really an Islamist type of guy," Sheraz Sheik, a neighbour, told reporters of Salah. "He was always well dressed with designer clothes and no beard. A really smart guy, really intelligent."
Even police ruled after questioning them that the brothers did not pose a risk, according to Belgium's federal prosecutor Eric Van Der Sypt.
"We knew they were radicalised and might visit Syria but they showed no sign of a possible threat," Mr Van Der Sypt said.
Like Salah, Brahim - also known as Ibrahim - was known in the town for living a carefree lifestyle, but he had recently stopped drinking alcohol, said a regular at the bar.
"Ibrahim and I played cards together, we laughed and joked," the man, who did not want to be named, told the Daily Telegraph. "He talked to everyone, he was very generous. I would have a drink and he would say don't worry about paying.
"I used to play cards with Salah too, he was often at the cafe. Ibrahim used to go to discos, he would drink alcohol, smoke. But he stopped drinking alcohol in the last year."
About 30% of Molenbeek's 100,000 residents are foreign nationals and more than 40% have foreign roots, including a large ethnic Moroccan population. More than a quarter are unemployed - a high number of them among the young.
Unemployment together with poverty, social exclusion, and weak political leadership have contributed to turning Molenbeek into a "breeding ground for radical violence" - the words of its own mayor.
Some of Molenbeek's immigrants barely leave the streets they live in, a local councillor told the BBC, hampering integration. Local authorities are concerned about mosques and prayer rooms controlled by radical preachers, but there is little funding to tackle them, the councillor said.
Molenbeek has been tied to several recent terror plots. It was searched in January during anti-terror operations carried out in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo attacks in Paris, and in August the suspect in a thwarted attack on a high-speed train from Belgium to France was reported to have stayed in the area.
A Frenchman accused of shooting dead four people at the Jewish Museum in Brussels in May 2014 was also reported to have spent time in the neighbourhood. As a result, the district has been painted as a haven for jihadists, a portrayal which has angered some of its residents.
"People shouldn't think this place is a bad place, or a dangerous place," Bleri Lleshi, a Belgian writer and local, told the BBC's Have Your Say programme. "On the contrary, this place is a great place."
The Abdeslam family home sits opposite Molenbeek town hall in a quiet cobbled square. It was here that Mohamed Abdeslam, the third brother, spoke to reporters after his release.
"We've never had problems with the law," he said. "You must understand that, despite this tragedy, my parents are in shock and haven't quite yet realised what happened."
Speaking to a reporter through her nephew, Mohamed's mother said Brahim "did not mean to kill anyone", adding that he may have blown himself up because of stress.
The family were "thinking of the victims and the families of the victims," Mohamed said. "But you must understand, we have a mother, we have a family, and he is still her son."


Police are investigating after a female hen harrier was shot dead in South Lanarkshire.

Officers said a man on a quad bike was reported to have shot the raptor at about 17:15 on 4 May.
He was driving on moorland close to the B7040 at Elvanfoot when he fired the weapon. Witnesses reported that he drove off before the police arrived.
Landowners Leadhills Estate appealed for "information and clarity" over the reports.
Hen harriers are considered rare and are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act.
The man on the quad bike had his face covered at the time of the shooting, according to RSPB Scotland.
Sgt Craig Smith said: "Police Scotland is committed to tackling wildlife crime and reducing the number of crimes against our iconic birds of prey.
"We will continue to work with partners and the public to protect Scotland's wildlife.
"At this time I am asking for anyone who witnessed a man on a quad bike between Elvanfoot and Leadhills on the evening of Thursday 4 May to please contact police. You may hold valuable information which could assist our inquiry."
RSPB Scotland's head of investigations, Ian Thomson, said: "This latest incident shows very clearly how protected birds of prey continue to be treated in some areas of our uplands, particularly where there is intensive grouse moor management.
"The hen harrier is an increasingly rare bird in southern and eastern Scotland, with illegal killing the main driver of this long-term decline.
"This incident occurred only a few miles from where a satellite-tagged harrier, known as Annie, was found shot a couple of years ago, and is close to where another tagged bird, Chance, disappeared mysteriously last spring."
A spokesman for Leadhills Estate said: "The first we knew of this incident was a newspaper report and we contacted police immediately with a view to assisting them.
"At this stage we do not know the details of the incident but if a hen harrier has been shot we wholeheartedly support the police investigation and have launched our own internal inquiry.
"We want to make clear our condemnation of all forms of wildlife crime."
The estate said Leadhills was not currently an active grouse moor.
The spokesman added: "The estate acknowledges that 13 years ago and nine years ago gamekeepers were convicted of wildlife crime offences while employed by sporting tenants who had sole responsibility for sporting operations.
"Since October 2013, the estate has directly been responsible for sporting operations. We, and our staff, are wholly committed to the highest standards of moorland management."


A woman has admitted killing her partner who was fatally stabbed after returning home from a day at the races.

Jonathan Baines, 44, also known as "Willy", was found dead at a house on Ropery Road, Gainsborough, on 1 August.
Pamela McLaggan, 51, of Greystones Road, denied murder but pleaded guilty to manslaughter.
Prosecutors accepted her plea. She was remanded in custody at Lincoln Crown Court ahead of sentencing on 21 December.
The court heard Mr Baines had been out for the day at Market Rasen races before returning to Gainsborough and visiting pubs in the town.


Some 40 lizards have been spotted sunbathing at a Northern Ireland nature reserve after an exceptional summer for the tiny reptiles.

There were 16 babies among the batch logged at Slievenacloy Nature Reserve in the Belfast hills.
The common lizard is the only reptile native to Ireland.
The lizards have adapted to survive in our cool climate by hatching their eggs internally and giving birth to live young in late summer.
Last year a poor spring and summer saw a marked drop in the birth rate.
But this year conditions are better, leading to the larger numbers spotted by volunteer Philip McErlean.
"During the summer, there is a great boost to numbers, with lots of little dark-coloured, baby lizards making an appearance," said Philip.
The reserve, managed by Ulster Wildlife, is an ideal habitat for the secretive animals with ungrazed areas providing a steady supply of insects.
Andy Crory, Nature Reserves Manager with Ulster Wildlife said: "We always knew this special grassland site was a real hotspot for common lizards, but this year's numbers were pretty exceptional - a good sign that we're providing suitable habitat conditions."
Unfortunately, despite the higher birth rate, the bulk of the babies will not make it through to adulthood.
About 90% are picked off as food by other creatures.
The best place to spot them is on a south-facing slope close to cover.
As well as Slievenacloy, they're also found at Divis, Black Mountain, Cave Hill and in every county in Northern Ireland.


Welsh dual sport international Nia Jones is targeting promotion to WSL 1 following her move to Reading Women.

Jones signed for the Royals after she was overlooked for Wales's squad for the Netball World Cup in August.
The 23-year-old was in the team for the 2014 Commonwealth Games, while she has also won 24 caps as a footballer.
"We are definitely contenders for Super League 1. You need a strong, 23-man squad, which I think we have in place now," she told BBC Sport.
"That's thanks to the signings that Kelly Chambers has made and the development of the players she's bringing through."
Jones, who admitted to experiencing "turbulence" while attempting to play two sports, now intends to focus more on her football career following her Reading move.
"We have programs to do outside the training, so there's not much time for netball," she said.
"It might have to take a little backwards step this summer, but I'm definitely not hanging up my netball trainers just yet."
The former Cardiff City centre-half made 30 appearances for Netball Superleague side Celtic Dragons last season, gaining experience she feels has helped her development as a footballer.
"I think they're more similar than people give them credit for," she added.
"We do similar sorts of fitness drills and tests for both sports. You've got be agile and quick.
"I definitely think that playing netball has benefitted me with football, organisationally as well, working on my communication."


At least 80 copies of a French board game have been released containing real money - instead of toy cash.

It's 80 years since Monopoly was released in France and the makers of the game have sent out the new copies to attract some attention.
Only one of the games will contain all real money - totalling around Â£15,000 (20,580 euros).
The rest of the games will have smaller amount of money inside.


Mae tranc yr unig ladd-dy'n Sir Benfro oedd yn derbyn gwartheg i'w lladd wedi bod yn "ergyd drom" i'r diwydiant, meddai ffermwyr.

Aeth y cwmni tu ôl i fenter y lladd-dy, Emcol 2008 Ltd, i'r wal ym mis Ionawr 2016 gyda dyledion o £660,000 i dros 230 o gredydwyr.
Dywedodd un cyfarwyddwr fod hyn wedi digwydd o achos costau cynyddol a dyledion ariannol i'r cwmni.
Disgrifiodd John Sollis, ffermwr llaeth o Drefdraeth, gau'r lladd-dy fel "trychineb" i bobl yr ardal oedd yn aros i gael arian gan y cwmni.
Mae dogfennau yn Nhŷ'r Cwmnïau'n dangos fod £107,000 yn ddyledus gan y lladd-dy i un gwerthwr da byw, tra bo symiau pum ffigwr yn ddyledus i eraill yn yr ardal.
Yn ei adroddiad, mae diddymwr y cwmni, Gary Stones yn dweud fod taliadau i gredydwyr oedd heb eu gwarantu yn "dibynnu'n llwyr ar gasglu'r dyledion llyfrau Gwyddelig".
Dywed yr adroddiad fod bron i £470,000 yn ddyledus i Emcol gan gwmni o'r enw Darcy Meats o Iwerddon.
Mae bron i £15,000 yn ddyledus i John Sollis gan Emcol.
Dywedodd Mr Sollis: "Roedd yn drychineb o ran maint yr arian sydd wedi ei golli yn yr ardal a nawr heb ladd-dy i anfon stoc iddo...rhaid i stoc fynd yn bellach i ffwrdd ac mae hyn yn costio arian i ni."
Mae'r lladd-dy agosaf yn Cross Hands, Sir Gaerfyrddin.
Mae ychydig dros £1000 yn ddyledus i lywydd undeb yr NFU, Stephen James, sydd yn dweud fod colli'r lladd-dy'n "ergyd enfawr" gan ei fod yn trin da byw oedd wedi eu hanafu.
Esboniodd fod unrhyw dda byw sydd wedi eu hanafu nawr yn gorfod cael eu saethu ar y fferm, gan olygu colledion i ffermwyr.
Dywedodd un o gyfarwyddwyr Emcol, Helen Lewis, fod cwymp y lladd-dy o achos "ffigwr sylweddol o arian" oedd yn ddyledus i'r cwmni gan gwmni o'r Iwerddon, a'r "costau cynyddol o redeg lladd-dy".
Ychwanegodd fod ganddi "pob cydymdeimlad" gyda'r ffermwyr oedd wedi colli arian "ac roedd hi'n adnabod llawer yn bersonol."


Young midfielder Alex Perry has signed a first professional contract with Championship side Bolton Wanderers.

Perry, 19, made his first team debut in the Football League Trophy in August before playing in the 1-0 win over Grimsby in the FA Cup in November.
The Liverpool-born midfielder came through the Wanderers' academy and was a regular in the club's Under-23 side.
However, Bolton, who were promoted from League One last season, have released full-back Callum Spooner.


Sylvester Stallone is suing film studio Warner Bros over profits he says he is owed from the 1993 film Demolition Man.

Stallone says Demolition Man made at least $125m at the box office, and under his deal with the studio, he is entitled to at least 15% of that.
His lawsuit says "motion picture studios are notoriously greedy" and Warner Bros "sat on the money owed" for years "without any justification".
Warner Bros has not commented on the legal action.
Stallone's legal papers say his representatives raised the issue of owed money with Warner Bros in 2014 but were told by the film company that they didn't have to pay him anything because Demolition Man had lost $66.9m.
He queried this, and in April 2015 the studio sent Stallone a cheque for $2.8m.
The lawsuit alleges: "WB just sat on the money owed to [Stallone's company] Rogue Marble for years and told itself, without any justification, that Rogue Marble was not owed any profits."
In the lawsuit, which was filed at Los Angeles Superior Court, the star is seeking a full accounting of the film's proceeds, in addition to interest and damages.
The legal action also seeks "an end to this practice for all talent who expect to be paid by WB for the fruits of their labour".
Stallone starred in Demolition Man alongside Wesley Snipes. They played a cop and criminal who are cryogenically frozen and then brought back to life in the future into a world without crime.


The US' biggest bank Wells Fargo has been fined $185m for illegally opening accounts to boost sales targets.

The cash will go to regulators while the bank will also hand back $5m to customers.
The regulator accused it of "widespread illegal practice" around account openings, sales targets and compensation incentives.
"We regret instances where customers may have received a product that they did not request," the bank said.
The US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CSFB) announced the fine and said the bank must also hire an independent consultant for a review.
"Because of the severity of these violations, Wells Fargo is paying the largest penalty the CFPB has ever imposed," said Richard Cordray, director of the regulator.
Its investigation found that to meet sales targets and possibly gain more compensation bank workers had "illegally" signed up customers for more than 2 million deposit and credit-card accounts.
Employees also issued debit cards without customers' knowledge, even creating fake email addresses to unknowingly sign up consumers to online-banking services, the regulator said.
Wells Fargo said it set up an independent review of its sales practices dating back to 2011 and had taken "disciplinary actions, including terminations of managers and team members who acted counter to our values".


The biggest bank in the US, JP Morgan Chase, has agreed to pay $55m (Â£44.6m) to settle claims against it that it racially discriminated against 53,000 mortgage borrowers.

The accusation by the US Justice Department is denied by JP Morgan.
But the bank has agreed to settle the charges anyway.
JP Morgan was accused of allowing mortgage brokers to charge higher fees and interest rates to African-American or Hispanic borrowers.
Court documents said the offences took place between 2006 and 2009 and broke two US laws, the Fair Housing Act and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.
The US government alleged that the higher charges and fees were applied to ethnic minority mortgage borrowers who had the same credit scores as white home-buyers.
"We've agreed to settle these legacy allegations that relate to pricing set by independent brokers," said JP Morgan spokeswoman Elizabeth Seymour said.
"We deny any wrongdoing and remain committed to providing equal access to credit."
The government lawsuit said the "discrimination has been intentional and wilful, and has been implemented with reckless disregard of the rights of African-American and Hispanic borrowers".
As a result, in some cases minority borrowers paid more than $1,000 extra during the first five years of a loan than white borrowers did, it is claimed.
JP Morgan argued that the mortgage brokers were independent and working under a contract for the bank.
But the Justice Department disagreed, saying that the bank had been "directly and extensively involved" in setting up the sale of the mortgage loans.
"Chase could have, but failed, to better monitor its wholesale brokers to discourage discrimination against borrowers based on race or national origin,'' the government lawsuit said.
Meanwhile, Swiss bank Credit Suisse has agreed to pay $5.3bn to settle accusations by the US authorities that it had misled the investors in residential mortgage-backed securities which it sold in the lead-up to the 2008 financial crisis.
The US Justice Department said the Swiss bank would pay $2.5bn in cash and pay a further $2.8bn in compensation to its customers.


The leader of the Labour party, Jeremy Corbyn, said that the Prime Minister Theresa May should resign.

9 June 2017 Last updated at 08:25 BST
That's after her party, the Conservatives, did worse than people expected in the general election.
Jeremy Corbyn made the speech after being voted the MP for Islington North in London.


Ian Ritchie says he still rues England's "horrendous" exit from the 2015 World Cup, but believes English rugby is in a "very strong place" as he leaves the Rugby Football Union.

Ritchie will retire this summer after five years as chief executive of the governing body.
"I hope I have left it in a better place than it was," he told BBC Sport.
"It's been a privilege. It's a schoolboy dream to do these sort of things."
Ritchie, formerly chief executive of Wimbledon, joined the RFU at the end of 2011, and inherited a union in turmoil and a team struggling after a scandal-filled World Cup in New Zealand.
Along with head coach Stuart Lancaster, Ritchie repaired the image and governance of the organisation before the home World Cup in 2015.
But England were knocked out of that tournament at the pool stage, and Ritchie faced calls to stand down.
"It was horrendous," he said.
"The World Cup was a massive disappointment. But I had a stubborn streak about sorting out what happened post-2015, and I feel I have helped deliver on some of that.
"There were many positive things about what was happening at the RFU anyway during the course of 2015.
"The immediate thing was finding Stuart's successor, so I got on a plane to Cape Town and decided Eddie [Jones] was the right man for the job."
England have won back-to-back Six Nations titles under Jones, but Ritchie says he has no regrets about giving Lancaster and his assistants six-year contract extensions in 2014.
"I wouldn't do anything different. Notice periods and break clauses were all in the contracts. We all felt it was a good idea for Stuart not to have to concentrate on the contracts," he added.
"I don't have regrets about that, but I certainly have regrets - as we all do - about what happened on the pitch. But that's sport, that's what happens.
"Stuart and the coaching staff all now have fantastic jobs and good luck to them, because they are highly talented, committed people, and the margins are so small."
RFU chairman Andy Cosslett will lead the search for Ritchie's successor, and says they will "attract the best" candidates to the position.
"Ian has done a fantastic job and we wish him nothing but the best," Cosslett told BBC Sport.
"He has transformed the finances of the union - we have never been in a stronger position - we are one of the few sports raising our participation numbers, and a lot of that is to his credit.
"He has signed a landmark agreement with the Premiership clubs, and he has been a great vanguard for the women's game. Everywhere you look he has left his paw prints on this union."
Ritchie added: "England, economically, from a rugby strength point of view, from a playing point of view, I think we are in a very, very strong place.
"We just need to maximise that."
With England ranked second in the world in the men's game, Ritchie admits part of him would have wanted to oversee the side's bid to win the World Cup in Japan in 2019.
"I am optimistic and confident, the preparation I am sure will be first rate, the players are more experienced and battle-hardened," he said.
"I would love to be there, but it's two and a half years away, and the golf course is calling."


A man has died after being pulled from a lake at a Newport golf club where he was working collecting balls.

Underwater cameras were used by fire crews at Peterstone Golf Club to find Gareth Pugh, 29, from Glynneath, Neath Port Talbot.
He was taken to Cardiff's University of Wales Hospital but later died.
Gwent Police and Newport council's environmental health department are trying to establish the circumstances surrounding his death.
A post mortem examination will take place next week.


A Gwynedd choir which reached the final of the Britain's Got Talent TV show is performing at New York's Carnegie Hall.

15 January 2017 Last updated at 09:19 GMT
Bangor-based Cor Glanaethwy will be part of an international choir presenting the US premiere of Welsh composer Sir Karl Jenkins' Cantata Memoria.
It was written to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Aberfan disaster, in which 144 people, including 116 children, died.
Choir members Catrin Elis Williams and Celyn Llwyd Cartwright said it is an affecting piece of work.


British and Irish Lions scrum-half Rhys Webb has eased fears over his fitness after withdrawing ahead of Ospreys' Pro12 semi-final against Munster.

A groin injury ruled Wales' Webb out of the encounter at Thomond Park.
He told Clwb Rygbi: "I picked up a little groin spasm on Thursday and couldn't make it for today.
"Just one or two days more and I would have been fine. You have to look after yourself. I don't want to make it worse."
The injury prevented Webb taking on Lions rival Conor Murray, of Munster and Ireland.


Dawn Purvis is to step down as programme director of Northern Ireland's Marie Stopes clinic.

It is the first private clinic to offer early medical abortions to women in Northern Ireland under strict legal controls.
A former leader of the Progressive Unionist Party, Ms Purvis has been director of the clinic since it was launched in 2012.
Ms Purvis, who will step down on 24 April, said it was "time to move on".
She will take on a new role on the clinic's Northern Ireland advisory board.
Last November, anti-abortion protester Bernadette Smyth, who leads the Precious Life group, was convicted of harassing Ms Purvis at the Marie Stopes office in Belfast city centre.
Ms Purvis told the BBC that had had no influence on her decision to step down.
"I think the clinic's well established here now, we're providing services more and more every year and I'm delighted to be remaining on the advisory board for the clinic.
"But I feel it's time to move on and I think it's time for Marie Stopes to get someone else in to manage the clinic and take it to new places," she said.
"At times it was difficult, particularly last year with the court case and the harassment, but I put that behind me and have concentrated on delivering services for women in Ireland both north and south.
"I think I've achieved a significant historical change in the perception of abortion in Northern Ireland from where the usual narrative was that abortion was illegal in Northern Ireland to now one where people understand that abortion is legal under certain circumstances.
"I think we've challenged the myths and stereotypes that are presented by those who are opposed to a woman's right to chose."
Genevieve Edwards, director of policy for Marie Stopes UK, said: "We were so lucky to have Dawn and wish her every success in whatever she chooses to do.
"The support for the clinic since it opened in very challenging circumstances has been heartening and a source of great comfort and pride for our staff and volunteers.
"We are now actively recruiting for Dawn's successor to lead us into the next phase of the clinic's journey."


Former Newcastle winger Sylvain Marveaux is one of four people arrested in a tax fraud investigation by Revenue & Customs (HMRC).

French authorities said secret payments made to players and agents during deals between French and Premier League clubs are the focus of the probe.
Newcastle and West Ham's grounds were raided on Wednesday, as HMRC deployed 180 officers across the UK and France.
Marveaux, 31, joined Newcastle from Rennes in 2011 and made 39 appearances.
He returned to France to join Lorient last year.
Newcastle's managing director Lee Charnley was also arrested. He was released without charge at about 17:00 BST on Wednesday.
The French Prosecutor's office says 10 searches were carried out in France and four people were placed in police custody.
"The British authorities suspect secret payments may have been made to benefit certain players, their agents or third parties, allowing them to avoid paying tax on the income, or making social security payments," said a statement from the French Prosecutor's office.
French officials were asked by HMRC to provide assistance to their investigation in July 2016.
It took a further nine months before officers launched their raids on both sides of the Channel.
HMRC said it searched premises in the north east and south east of England, and seized business records, financial records, computers and mobile phones.
West Ham's London Olympic Stadium and Newcastle's St James' Park were among the locations raided.
HMRC officers also visited offices belonging to Chelsea FC "in connection with its wider investigation", a club spokesman confirmed.
But it is understood the club's premises were not raided and no arrests were made.
BBC Radio 5 live sports news correspondent Richard Conway
The wheels of tax investigations turn slowly - so any sporting implications resulting from these arrests and raids may not be known for some time.
It would appear, on face value, that Premier League points and status for both West Ham United and newly promoted Newcastle United are safe for now.
However this "on-going" investigation risks creating instability and uncertainty for both clubs at a time when they both, for different reasons, need it the most. HMRC investigations of this scale are costly and only undertaken in the most serious of circumstances. This isn't going away anytime soon.
Rafael Benitez, celebrating promotion on Monday, told reporters it was good to work at a club where there's no backroom politics, a not so subtle reference to his tumultuous time at Real Madrid.
With Newcastle having documents seized, and further questions looming for its senior officials, he may have spoken too soon.


The National Lottery draw will no longer be shown live on BBC One from next year as part of a new deal between the broadcaster and operator Camelot.

Viewers wishing to see the balls drawn live on Saturdays will have to visit the iPlayer from 7 January onwards.
The Saturday draw has been a BBC One fixture since 1994. Its Wednesday counterpart was dropped in 2012.
The BBC said the decision to move the show onto a digital platform reflected changes in viewers' behaviour.
Charlotte Moore, director of BBC content, said the new three-year deal would give audiences "more ways to access the draw results across a range of platforms".
The National Lottery Awards, which recognises recipients of National Lottery Good Causes funding, will continue to be shown on BBC One.
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


Two Eoghan Sands goals helped Down hurlers earn an impressive 2-19 to 0-19 Christy Ring Cup quarter-final win over London in Birmingham.

The Mourne County led for most of the Parc na hEireann contest with Sands' second goal on the stroke of half-time putting Down 2-10 to 0-14 ahead.
Down extended their advantage in the second half to set up a semi-final against Antrim.
Wicklow will face Carlow in the other semi-final.
In ideal conditions, Portaferry clubman Sands registered Down's first green-flag after 20 minutes to hand his side a 1-8 to 0-8 lead.
London bounced back and held a one-point advantage approaching the interval, but Sands bagged his second goal just before the half-time whistle, and Down led 2-10 to 0-14 at the break.
A large number of wides cost London throughout this game, but just four points separated the sides after 53 minutes.
However, Down finished strongly with an inspirational Conor O'Prey point a feature of their final quarter.
The Exiles went into the Birmingham contest as favourites after hammering Roscommon last time out.
In contrast, Down had to battle to beat Roscommon 2-24 to 1-20 a week earlier.
However, Down were boosted by the return to action of Danny Toner after several weeks out because of injury.
Regular free-taker Paul Sheehan also returned to the starting line-up after manager Marty Mallon's decision to start Gareth Johnson in last weekend's 3-15 to 0-11 defeat by Antrim.
London avoided relegation from Division Two A of the League in the Spring as their draw against Armagh proved enough to keep them up on points difference.
Down were unable to muster a significant promotion challenge in the lower-tier Division Two B.
Meanwhile, Monaghan and Armagh secured places in the Nicky Rackard Cup semi-finals after respective wins over Donegal and Longford on Saturday.
Gerard Gilmore's goal helped Donegal take an early 1-5 to 0-3 lead but Fergal Rafter's nine points saw Monaghan fight back to win 1-16 to 1-12 at Inniskeen.
Fiachra Bradley, David Carvill, Ryan Gaffney and Conor Corvan netted for Armagh as they hammered Longford 4-20 to 0-12 at Crossmaglen.
Former Antrim star Liam Watson hit 3-10 for Warwickshire as they beat Fermanagh 6-16 to 3-9 in the Lory Meagher Cup at Enniskillen while Sligo eased past Cavan 1-20 to 0-9 at Breffni Park.
WEEKEND GAA RESULTS


A 56-day driving ban given to driver caught speeding at 154mph has been described as a "joke".

Louie Howlett, 21, was clocked driving on the A11 at Icklingham, Suffolk, in April.
Magistrates in Bury St Edmunds disqualified him on Tuesday for 56 days - the maximum sentence the court can impose - and fined him Â£365.
Suffolk's police and crime commissioner Tim Passmore said the ruling was a "slap on the wrist".
More on this and other Suffolk stories
He said he would ask the Sentencing Council why magistrates can only impose a maximum 56-day ban.
"We should be looking at a few years... To me, it's a joke because it doesn't send a strong enough message."
The Sentencing Council said it did not comment on individual cases and maximum penalties are set by parliament.
Howlett, from Lakenheath, admitted speeding and told magistrates he was "sorry" and "had learnt his lesson".
Suffolk Police lodged an immediate appeal of the sentence and said they believed it to be the highest speeding offence recorded on the county's roads.
Mr Passmore said he would also query whether severe cases of speeding should be charged as dangerous driving.
"Driving at that speed [154mph] is grossly irresponsible, remarkably selfish and has a wanton disregard for every other road user on the A11.
"If you want to do that sort of speed, go to a race track."
Magistrates follow guidelines laid down in the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984.
Their starting point is a fine and three points, rising to a maximum of a larger fine plus six points, or a driving disqualification of 56 days.
The maximum speed by which they base their sentence is 101-110mph in a 70mph zone. A speed of 154mph falls outside the guidelines.
Magistrates must also consider aggravating factors such as passengers and any mitigating circumstances, usually limited to a genuine emergency.
A reduction for a guilty plea is also considered.
Source: Sentencing Council


In addition to casting their vote for a politician each election year, Americans also have the opportunity to directly vote on the issues by way of ballot initiatives, also called propositions or ballot measures.

Ballot initiatives can be brought to a vote either by the elected legislature in each state or via a public petition.
For an issue raised in a petition to make it on the ballot, it must receive a certain number of signatures - and in most states that number is based on voter turnout in the previous election year.
Since voter turnout in 2014 was the lowest since World War Two, it is easier this year for activists to gather the signatures needed to get their issue in front of voters.
With 33 state legislatures controlled by Republicans, liberal-leaning groups have turned to petitions to get issues like marijuana legalisation and increases in the minimum wage on to ballots.
Below are some of the more than 72 initiatives being considered by Americans this year.
Five states (Arizona, California, Maine, Massachusetts and Nevada) are voting on the legal sale and use of cannabis. The "yes" vote is currently leading in all five states, and is widely supported by young voters from both major parties. Currently about 5% of Americans live in states where they can legally light up, but after November that figure could rise to 25%, signalling a possible cultural shift that could help bring an end to federal prohibition. In Arizona, the initiative has been opposed with the help of a $500,000 (£413,000) donation from a drug company that produces the synthetic opioid pain reliever fetanyl. Elsewhere, the pro-legalisation effort is being funded by the nascent legal marijuana industry, which already operates in four states.
Nevada will vote on ending the state energy monopoly held by NV Energy. Las Vegas casinos have led the effort to create a competitive electricity market, due largely to the sheer amount they use. The ballot measure would allow businesses and households to choose their own electricity supplier or even produce it themselves using solar panels or windmills. Clean energy groups (including Tesla) have backed the effort, while workers unions have opposed it, claiming that it will drive up electricity costs.
Four states, which together contain more than 50 million Americans, will vote on significant new firearm restrictions. Polling shows that over 60% of voters in Maine approve of a law which would require background checks for all private gun sales, applying the same standard now required of licensed gun shops and dealers. Nevada will consider a similar universal background check law. In California, a proposition could create an outright ban on high-capacity magazines and require background checks for ammunition sales. And in Washington state, voters will decide if courts can authorise "extreme risk protection orders", temporarily banning individuals from owning guns - if a judge decides that they are a danger to themselves or others. Polling indicates that all four initiatives may pass, despite efforts by the National Rifle Association to prevent it. The attempt to change state laws marks a new strategy by gun-control advocates, after several attempts to pass national reforms failed.
Voters reinstated the death penalty in California in 1978 by executing 13 inmates that year. Today there are nearly 750 people on the state's death row, but no executions have been held since 2006, when a federal judge placed them on hold due to concerns over the lethal injection process. One Californian judge famously said that "the leading cause of death on death row is old age."
In less than two weeks, Californians will vote on 17 different ballot initiatives, including two that seek to change the state's death penalty laws. Prop 62 seeks to eliminate capital punishment and replace it with life in prison without the possibility of release. Prop 66 supporters want to "mend, not end" the death penalty, mainly by shortening the appeal process after conviction.
San Francisco residents are considering a ban on homeless encampments, some of which have grown to "tent cities" of 30-40 tent and cardboard box shelters. Prop Q was authored by Mark Farrell, a San Francisco city supervisor who told the BBC that the camps had become "the symbol of the city's homeless problem" and that they are "some of the most dangerous places you can imagine". The measure has been popular among the newly arrived tech workers of Silicon Valley, but critics say loitering is already a crime and the initiative is only intended to "give the appearance that we are doing something".
Who is backing Prop Q in San Francisco?
Californian voters will decide whether condoms should be required to be worn in adult movies filmed in the state. Proposition 60 would allow any California resident to sue studios that produce pornographic films where condoms are not visible to the viewer. State safety officials already require this but it is not enforced. Adult film actors and producers complain that they were not consulted on a law regarding the regulation of their own industry. They emphasise that performers can be kept safe from AIDS through frequent testing and a preventative drug regiment. Los Angeles passed a similar law in 2012 triggering many studios to halt filming in the city. More adult films are produced in California than anywhere else in the world, meaning that the state could lose millions in taxes if the law passes and studios move elsewhere.
In an attempt to drive down costs, Colorado residents will be asked whether the state should scrap the health insurance marketplace established by the Affordable Care Act, which is more commonly known as Obamacare. Most insurance plans would be replaced if Amendment 69 passes, instead creating a state-run universal healthcare provider called ColoradoCare which would become the sole provider for most residents.  If it passes, state payroll taxes will increase and elections would need to be held to assemble the 21-member board of trustees who would govern ColoradoCare. Opponents, led by insurance companies, have raised nearly four times the cash that supporters have. Proponents say the law will cut red tape and decrease the cost of healthcare, but opponents argue that the 21-member board will consist of "unaccountable" politicians who will make important healthcare and treatment decisions for individuals without their input. Polls show that 27% of Americans are so distrustful of the national healthcare system that they want it scrapped and completely replaced.
Four states will decide in November if the minimum wage should be raised to as high as $13.50 (£11.07) per hour, but only one state is debating lowering the wage rate. Two years ago, South Dakotans raised their state minimum wage to $8.55 (£7.01), joining more than half of states who have raised their minimum wage above the federal minimum of $7.25 (£5.94) per hour. Now South Dakota is considering reducing the minimum wage by one dollar for residents under the age of 18. The state's Democratic party is leading the opposition to the new law, which is already in effect after being passed by the Republican legislature in March 2015. Voters in the Mount Rushmore state will be given the opportunity to repeal the law with a "no" vote. Opponents also point out that more than a quarter of the state's residents are under 18.
California may become the first US state to eliminate single-use shopping bags if Proposition 67 passes, although all of Hawaii's counties banned them in 2015. A 'yes' vote on Prop 67 will keep in place Senate Bill 270, which bans non-recyclable bags (except those used for food and perishable items) and enforces a 10 cent fee on any recyclable or compostable bags given to shoppers. Los Angeles, and 58 counties in California - as well as several other major US cities -  already have a ban in place. A separate California ballot measure, Prop 65, dedicates that funding raised by the sale of shopping bags be donated to support environmental organisations. Currently retailers keep the money generated by the sale of recycled bags.


England were heavily beaten by India A in their second and final warm-up match before the one-day international series begins on Sunday.

After Jonny Bairstow made 64 and Alex Hales 51, the tourists slipped from 116-1 to 211-9 - both Eoin Morgan and Jos Buttler were out first ball.
They needed last-wicket pair Adil Rashid and David Willey to reach 282.
India A coasted in the chase, Ajinkya Rahane's 91 getting them home with more than 10 overs to spare.
This setback comes after England beat a different India A line-up by three wickets on Tuesday.
It also throws up further questions over the top-order batting.
The regular top four would comprise Hales, Jason Roy - who was unlucky to be bowled when a part of his helmet fell on to the bails - Joe Root and Morgan.
Root has not played in the warm-ups after arriving late because of the birth of his son, while captain Morgan, returning to the side after missing the tour of Bangladesh over security fears, has made only three runs in two innings.
Meanwhile, Sam Billings made 93 in the first match and Bairstow pressed his claim here.
Morgan is not the only man short of form. Moeen Ali has made just one run in his two innings and was the third of three wickets to fall in the space of eight balls.
Rashid, who shared 71 for the 10th wicket with Willey, served up a succession of short balls in seven overs of leg spin that went for 51 - and not one of England's bowlers managed an economy rate of under six.
BBC Sport's Tim Peach in Mumbai
The manner of captain Eoin Morgan and vice-captain Jos Buttler's dismissals epitomised this latest England middle-order collapse in India.
Both were caught and bowled, first ball, prodding easy catches back to the bowler, misjudging the pace of the wicket.
England will be much more pleased with their top order, however. Not only did Hales and Bairstow both reach half-centuries, but Jason Roy was looking in fine form before his unfortunate dismissal. He stood his ground for what seemed an age, unable to quite work out how the bails had been dislodged.
We're often told of how deep England bat, and this was proved by a carefree 70-run partnership between Rashid and Willey, who helped make the target more respectable.


A 56-year-old man has been arrested after a disturbance at a crematorium in Glasgow.

Emergency services were called to the incident at Daldowie Crematorium, off the M74, near Uddingston, at about 12:30 on Thursday.
Two men were taken to Wishaw General Hospital for treatment.
Police said at the time there was no truth in social media speculation about a firearms incident.


A rare bottle of whisky signed by Donald Trump is going up for sale in Scotland a week before before his inauguration as US president.

The 26-year-old Glendronach single malt whisky was bottled in 2012 to mark the opening of Trump International Golf Links in Aberdeenshire.
Experts believe the lot will go for a four-figure sum, with an estimate of £2,500 on the bottle.
It is being sold at McTear's Auctioneers in Glasgow on 13 January.
McTear's whisky expert Laurie Black said: "I suspect Mr Trump's imminent elevation to the position of 'leader of the free world' will have a significant bearing on the value of the 26-year-old GlenDronach, but the fact remains that this is also a quite stunning whisky in its own right."
The sale features in McTear's rare and collectable whisky auction, which also includes a cask of 43-year-old whisky from the closed North of Scotland Distillery for £50,000 and a bottle of 52-year-old Macallan 1950 that could fetch in excess of £9,000.


General Manuel Noriega was one of long line of Latin American military leaders who rose to take political power.

Although he was never elected to office he became the de facto leader of Panama serving a six year tenure as military governor.
A strong supporter of the United States he became a key ally in Washington's attempts to battle the influence of communism in central America.
But it was eventually the US that brought about his downfall and his subsequent imprisonment for drugs trafficking and money laundering.
Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno was born in Panama City on 11 Feb 1934. His family lived in extreme poverty but he was adopted as a young boy and went on to study at a military academy in Peru.
It was here that, according to various accounts, his pro-US leanings were noticed by the CIA with whom he worked for the next three decades. He was soon recognised as a prize asset  in a region that was becoming politically hostile to US interests in the wake of the Cuban Revolution.
He rose within the ranks of the Panamanian armed forces and became a key supporter of Gen Omar Torrijos, who led the coup which toppled President Arnulfo Arias in 1968.
Noriega's support was recognised with promotion and appointment as chief of military intelligence.
After Gen Torrijos's death in a mysterious plane crash in 1981, Noriega became the power behind the scenes as head of the security services.
The US relied on Panama as a regional listening post and Noriega obliged with unfaltering support for the Contras in Nicaragua, and in the fight against the FMLN guerrillas in El Salvador.
In 1983 Noriega became commander of the armed forces in succession to RubÃ©n DarÃo Paredes on the understanding that Paredes would stand as president. However, Noriega reneged on the deal, arrested Paredes and promoted himself to general becoming the de facto ruler of Panama.
He began to play an increasingly repressive role internally in Panama. He called a halt to the counting of votes in the 1984 presidential elections when it became clear his own nominee was going to lose by a landslide.
A year later one of his most vocal political opponents Hugo Spadafora, was seized on his way back to Panama and later found beheaded.
Noriega allegedly played a role in the mid-1980s Iran-Contra affair, which involved the smuggling of weapons and drugs to aid US undercover efforts to support the anti-government forces opposing the Sandinistas in Nicaragua.
However, the US became increasingly suspicious of Noriega amid indications that he was selling his services to other intelligence bodies, not to mention drug-trafficking organisations.
These tensions became public in 1988 when Noriega was indicted in a US federal court on drug-trafficking charges.
The 1989 presidential election descended into farce. With the opposition certain of a comfortable victory Noriega blocked publication of the results. Former US president Jimmy Carter, in the country as an observer, declared that the election had been stolen.
By mid-December that year, ties with the US had deteriorated so far that President George H W Bush launched an invasion, ostensibly because a US marine had been killed in Panama City, although the operation had been months in the planning.
Noriega sought refuge in the Vatican's diplomatic mission in Panama City. The US tactic to flush him out was to play deafening pop and heavy metal music non-stop outside the building.
By 3 January 1990, it had worked and Noriega surrendered. He was flown to the US with prisoner of war status to face charges of drug-trafficking, money-laundering and racketeering.
His trial there was an international spectacle that revealed titillating details of his personal life including a suggestion that he wore red underwear to ward off the "evil eye".
More seriously he was refused permission by the court to cite details of his work for the CIA in his own defence. The government opposed such disclosures on the grounds it was classified information.
He was released from a Miami jail in 2007 having had his original 30 year sentence reduced to 17 on the grounds of his good behaviour but his legal problems were far from over.
In 1999 a French court had convicted him in absentia of using $3m in proceeds from Colombia's Medellin drug cartel to buy property in France.
In March 2010, the US Supreme Court agreed to a French request extradite him to Paris, where he faced a new trial for money-laundering. Noriega, who denied the charges, was found guilty and sentenced to seven years.
The sentence was criticised by Alberto Almanza who headed the Truth Commission on rights abuses under Noriega's rule.
"He'll die in in prison," Mr Almanza said. "And with him the truth."
His legal odyssey took another turn on 23 November 2011 when a French court approved a request from Panama to send him back home, where he was convicted in absentia of murder, corruption and embezzlement.
He refused the chance to appeal the decision and flew out of Paris on 11 December 2011, escorted by a team of Panamanian officials and a doctor.
On his arrival in Panama he was placed in the El Renacer prison. It was from his cell in July 2014 that he instigated a lawsuit claiming that the company behind the video game Call of Duty: Black Ops II had used his image without permission.
His main complaint was that the game depicted him as a "kidnapper, murderer, and enemy of the state".
Manuel Noriega was an opportunist who used his close relationship with the United States to boost his own power in Panama and to cover the illegal activities for which he was eventually convicted.
A US Senate sub-committee once described Washington's relationship with Noriega as one of the United States' most serious foreign policy failures.


Several hundred women married to French soldiers are holding a demonstration in Paris to denounce the "deplorable working conditions" in the army.

The protest was organised by the group Angry Soldiers' Wives, which has nearly 5,200 members.
Mercedes Crépin, who helped set it up, said some troops on anti-terror duty were being housed in damp hangars infested with cockroaches and lice.
Around 500 people were expected to join the protest, Le Figaro reported.
After the Islamist attack on the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in January 2015, the French government deployed more than 7,000 soldiers to guard prominent public places and events.
French news sites reported on Saturday that one soldier linked to the operation had shot himself dead on Friday night.
The military wives have several concerns - among them, the lack of support for the families of soldiers suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
"We feel completely helpless, we do not know how to cope with the condition, how to support our men," said Ms Crépin, whose husband has PTSD after serving in Afghanistan.
"We want to show our discomfort, our anxiety and our anger," she told TV channel France 3.
Ms Crépin also raised the plight of soldiers' widows, saying some are obliged to leave military housing within two to three months of losing their husbands, and get little help from the army.
The army payment system is a further source of grievance. The software has reportedly left families in debt after troops were mistakenly overpaid, then asked to pay back the surplus.
The Angry Soldiers' Wives demo follows a march by a similar group, Angry Police Wives, at the end of April.
The wives and partners of police officers took to the streets of Paris to protest after the killing of an officer on the Champs Elysees.
Their action condemning anti-police violence came two days after officer Xavier Jugelé was shot dead.


China will hold military drills in the disputed South China Sea, ahead of a ruling by an international court on a challenge to its maritime claims.

They will be held in waters around the Paracel Islands, said a statement by the maritime safety administration.
China regularly holds such exercises even though Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei and Taiwan have overlapping claims in the seas.
But tensions are running high ahead of the ruling expected next week.
The Permanent Court of Arbitration, based in The Hague, Netherlands, has said it will issue a decision on 12 July on a challenge made by the Philippines to China's claims in the strategic and resource-rich region.
However, China has consistently boycotted the proceedings, insisting that the panel has no authority to rule in the case.
The drills will be held  from 5-11 July, with ships prohibited from entering the waters in that time, the Chinese statement said.
Rival countries have wrangled over territory in the South China Sea for centuries, but tension has steadily increased in recent years.
Its islets and waters are claimed in part or in whole by Taiwan, China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei.
China has backed its expansive claims with island-building and naval patrols, while the US says it opposes restrictions on freedom of navigation and unlawful sovereignty claims by all sides.
The frictions have sparked concern that the area is becoming a flashpoint with possible global consequences.


Several mass graves thought to contain bodies of migrants have been found in Malaysia, authorities say.

Home Minister Zahid Hamidi was quoted by Malayia's Star newspaper as saying the graves were found in 17 abandoned trafficking camps near the Thai border.
He did not know how many bodies had been recovered.
Several mass graves have been found in Thailand along a route used to smuggle Rohingya Muslims fleeing persecution in Myanmar (also known as Burma).
But these would be the first discovered in Malaysia.
Thailand has already launched a crackdown on the trafficking networks.
An investigation by the BBC's Jonathan Head has found entire communities in Thailand helping the traffickers.
The Thai trafficking networks, he found, bought boatloads of migrants from other smugglers and held them in the jungle until their families paid a ransom. Many migrants are believed  to have perished from disease or starvation.
Every year thousands of people are trafficked through Thailand and into Malaysia.
The latest graves were found near Padang Besar and Wang Kelian in the Malaysian state of Perlis, Malaysian newspaper reports said.
Utusan Malaysia newspaper cited unnamed sources as saying about 30 mass graves had been found containing "hundreds of skeletons".
The Star said the graves were "believed to contain nearly 100 Rohingya migrants".
Thousands of migrants - Rohingyas fleeing persecution in Myanmar and economic migrants from Bangladesh - are stranded in boats in the area.
More than 3,000 have landed in neighbouring Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia.
Malaysia and Indonesia have begun searching for migrant boats in the past week.
Myanmar also rescued the first boat two days ago.
Malaysia and Indonesia have agreed to stop towing boats out to sea and will provide temporary shelter to those who have landed.
Thailand only said it would stop rejecting boats.
Why are so many Rohingya stranded at sea?
The perilous journey of a migrant boat that made it
The Indonesian villagers saving migrants


Premier League football clubs saw their combined revenues increase by 3% in 2014-15 to £3.4bn, a new record, according to business group Deloitte.

But their combined pre-tax profits fell to £120m, from £190m a year before.
Season 2014-15 saw the second-biggest aggregate pre-tax profit, after record-breaking results in 2013-14.
It was also the first time this millennium that there had been a second successive year of combined pre-tax profits for the top-flight teams.
"The perennial problem for Premier League clubs was to convert impressive revenue growth into profitability," said Dan Jones, partner in the Sports Business Group at Deloitte.
"We saw this problem solved with record-breaking results last year. The new challenge was to sustain this financial success, and the Premier League clubs have accomplished this in impressive style in the latest results.
"With further significant revenue increases already guaranteed for the next broadcast cycle, starting in 2016-17, there is every reason to be confident of the Premier League clubs' profitability being here to stay."
In addition, in 2014-15 Premier League clubs saw combined operating profits - which exclude player trading, net interest charges and the amortisation of player contracts - of roughly £550m.
Of the 20 clubs in the Premier League, 17 recorded an operating profit in 2014-15.
But clubs wage costs also rose by 6% in 2014-15, to a total of £2bn, a record spend on salaries.
That increased the wages-to-revenue ratio to 60%.  However, despite the increase in wage costs, the ratio was still the second lowest seen in the Premier League in the last 10 years.


A fire that gutted the offices of a firm involved a development dispute with Tottenham Hotspur has been described by police as suspicious.

Firefighters were called to the blaze at Archway Sheet Metal Works, on Paxton Road, Tottenham, at around 05:00 GMT.
The factory site is just yards from Spurs' White Hart Lane ground .
The family-run firm is situated on the final piece of land the club has been trying to acquire to start the redevelopment of its stadium.
"An investigation has been launched into the cause of the fire," a Scotland Yard spokesman said. "At this early stage the fire is being treated as suspicious."
No arrests have been made.
Scotland Yard said the fire had been extinguished but Paxton Road remained closed on Tuesday night.
The two sides have failed to reach an agreement over the land in north London after seven years of negotiation.
Earlier this year, the Josif family, owners of the company and the land, challenged a compulsory purchase order - triggering a High Court case and a new delay in the start of the project.
In 2010, the Premier League club registered an interest in moving to the Olympic Stadium in Stratford, after growing frustrated by attempts to redevelop White Hart Lane, but lost out to West Ham United.
The club hope moving to the three-hectare site will help increase revenues and improve competition against Europe's top clubs.
London Fire Brigade said six fire engines and 35 firefighters and officers worked to bring the fire under control and there were no reports of any injuries.
But an Archway member of staff said the fire had resulted in "very bad" damage:
"The top floor and offices are all gone and 50% of the bottom floor was on fire," he said. "We don't know anything at the moment.
"We haven't been allowed to go in and have a look so we are just waiting to see what happens."
The company has previously claimed it has received threats and abusive calls from Tottenham fans.
The club plans to build a 56,000-plus capacity stadium next to the existing White Hart Lane ground, which holds just over 36,000.


Prestwick Airport is to receive nearly £10m of investment from the Scottish government, Deputy First Minister Nicola Sturgeon has announced.

The funding will go towards operating costs, a repairs backlog and to make improvements to the terminal building.
Ms Sturgeon rejected calls to rename it Robert Burns Airport, saying this could cause confusion.
Labour accused of her of "keeping taxpayers in the dark" over how the money would be spent.
Rival airports voiced concerns about competition from publicly-subsidised Prestwick.
The Scottish government bought the struggling airport for £1 last year amid fears it would be forced to close.
Ms Sturgeon told Holyrood's infrastructure committee the airport would be operated under public ownership "on a commercial basis".
She said the Scottish government investment would be made "in the form of loan funding".
She added that there was "no quick fix solution for Prestwick" and the airport may not be profitable for several years.
The airport had a pre-tax loss of £9.77m in its final full year under previous owners Infratil.
Ms Sturgeon is also the Scottish government's infrastructure, investment and cities secretary.
She said the airport would operate as a public corporation on a commercial basis" at arms' length from government.
She added that £5.5m had been provided already since acquisition. and the Scottish government would be required "to provide a further £3m in operating support".
There will be nearly £7m in capital investment - £4.5m for repairs and £2.4m to make improvements to the terminal building, including refurbishment of the duty free area.
Ms Sturgeon argued that Prestwick had suffered from a lack of investment and there was a "backlog of essential maintenance".
The committee evidence session came after finance executive Romain Py completed a three month review of the airport, including options for ownership, on behalf of the Scottish government.
Ms Sturgeon described Prestwick as a "non-typical airport", with only about half of its revenue dependant on passenger traffic.
She suggested that future revenue could come from freight and retail development.
The airport's executive directors would be tasked with developing commercial opportunities.
A business plan would include an assessment of a reduced Ryanair schedule for summer 2014 and passenger numbers will be monitored.
Ms Sturgeon ruled out renaming the airport after Robert Burns. A petition lodged with the Scottish Parliament by The Robert Burns World Federation earlier this year had called for a name change, with supporters arguing it would boost tourism.
The deputy first minister told the committee: "On balance I have concluded there are strong commercial reasons for retaining the Glasgow Prestwick airport name."
She acknowledged the decision would disappoint some local people but the airport had to be marketed internationally.
She did not rule out a "Burns-related theme" for the airport.
Scottish Labour's infrastructure spokesman, James Kelly, said: "Nicola Sturgeon had the opportunity today to set out the Scottish government's plans for Prestwick Airport, unfortunately she has failed to do so in any detail, and Scottish tax-payers remain in the dark.
"Last year Prestwick Airport was losing nearly £1 million a month.
"It is a nonsense that it will be close to a year since the Scottish government bought the site before a credible plan is put to the people of Scotland, especially when the Scottish government has blocked the publication of analysis they commissioned on the airport.
"Key information is available now, but it is being denied to the Scottish public."
He added: "Nicola Sturgeon should make a statement before parliament on Prestwick, and publish the business case so that taxpayers can see how £15m of public money is being invested and when the airport will return to profitability."
Scottish Conservative transport spokesman Alex Johnstone said: "By refusing to publish the report into the work by consultants Romain Py, on the grounds of commercial confidentiality, the Deputy First Minister has left many unanswered questions."
A spokesman for Edinburgh Airport said: "Scotland's main airports create jobs and attract routes with no public subsidy and we believe that the market should not be distorted. Competition should be allowed to flourish."
A statement from Glasgow Airport said: "We have previously received assurances that Glasgow Airport will not be placed at a competitive disadvantage, but will continue to seek clarity on how the Scottish government intends to develop its asset."
Stuart Patrick, chief executive of Glasgow Chamber of Commerce, said: "We believe that any strategy designed to increase passenger numbers at Prestwick must not be at the expense of Glasgow International Airport."
A spokesman said the Robert Burns World Federation would continue the campaign to rename the airport.
"If George Best, Robin Hood and John Lennon are deemed worthy of being remembered, the iconic Robert Burns should be remembered in Scotland as he is revered the world over," he said.


Controversial spit hoods are to be trialled by the Metropolitan Police.

The mesh fabric hoods are placed over the heads of suspects to protect police officers from potentially being spat at or bitten.
The restraining device is to be trialled at 32 custody suites across the capital from October.
Liberty, Amnesty and Inquest are among the Human rights groups to speak out against them, saying they belong in "horror stories".
"A spit hood is a primitive, cruel and degrading tool that inspires fear and anguish," Martha Spurrier, director of Liberty, said.
"Police have the power to use force against citizens when they have to - using handcuffs, arm restraints, leg restraints, pepper spray, batons.
"The suggestion that officers need to be able to cover people's faces and heads is as far-fetched as it is frightening.
"Spit hoods belong in horror stories, not on the streets of a civilised society - we urge the Met Police to think again."
The Police Federation has called for the use of spit hoods to protect officers.
British Transport Police has used a hood 151 times since introducing them in June 2014.
The force is being investigated by the police watchdog over an incident where officers put a spit hood on a man at London Bridge in July.
Shamik Dutta, the solicitor representing the man who had the hood put on his head, said: "The application of a spit hood can be deeply distressing and humiliating, causing panic in the detained person.
"By obscuring someone's face, the use of a spit hood can prevent witnesses, including police officers, from quickly identifying whether a person is suffering breathing difficulties, is choking or has suffered some other serious facial or head injury requiring immediate medical attention to avoid life-threatening consequences."
Lord Adebowale, former chair of the commission on the Met Police's response to mental health, said: "There is an awful trend of these devices being misused and being used in a way which tends to impact minority ethnic groups, those with mental health challenges, those with learning difficulties."
He added he was concerned they could be used "in situations where the police may not be trained to deal with it", leading to individuals being "forced into positions where breathing can be restrained".
He also said it was a question of human dignity.
But a former Det Insp at the Met, Hamish Brown, said: "What's the other option? Putting a hand across someone's mouth or a handkerchief in their mouth?
"It is pretty awful to have this, but unfortunately it's the way society has gone. It is for the police to be sensible and use their discretion."
A Met spokeswoman said officers would be trained to ensure use was proportionate, but added they were necessary "to meet the duty of care owed to officers when a detainee spits at or attempts to bite them".


The 70th anniversary of an astronomer's first steps into a "whole new science" at one of Britain's most important stargazing sites has been marked.

Sir Bernard Lovell began using radio astronomy in 1945 at the opening of the fledgling Jodrell Bank Observatory.
The Cheshire site would later become home to the iconic radio telescope which bears the astrophysicist's name.
Its director Prof Tim O'Brien said his work had given astronomers the chance to look at "the invisible universe".
The anniversary has been marked with the launch of a year-long programme of events celebrating "the past, present and future of Jodrell Bank's science, engineering and heritage", a spokeswoman said.
In April, the site was chosen as the worldwide headquarters for the Square Kilometre Array project, which will probe the early universe, test the theory of gravity and even search for alien life.
Prof O'Brien said that achievement was a direct result of Sir Bernard's work, as he pioneered a "whole new science [through which] we discovered a whole new universe out there, full of super massive black holes, exploding stars and the fading glow of the Big Bang".
Sir Bernard, who died in 2012, set up old Army radar equipment on the site to detect cosmic-rays and investigate meteors and began work on 14 December 1945.
The huge Lovell Telescope was completed in 1957 and, during its first year, it was the only facility in the West able to track the rocket carrying the Russians' first satellite, the Sputnik, into space.
It went on to confirm the existence of pulsars - dying stars that send out pulses of electromagnetic radiation - in 1968 and, in 1979, was instrumental in proving Einstein's theory of relativity for the first time.
In 2006, it was named as Britain's greatest unsung landmark in a BBC poll.
Source: BBC Science


Visiting a big technology show such as Berlin's IFA is an exhausting experience.

As I wander endlessly across a vast site from which no escape seems possible, deafened by music from competing stands, disoriented by the flickering images from a thousand screens, I'm reminded of Hunter S Thompson's wonderful (though perhaps apocryphal) line about the TV industry: "A cruel and shallow money trench, a long plastic hallway where thieves and pimps run free, and good men die like dogs. There's also a negative side."
Actually, despite the mayhem, it is worth coming because there are always a few products which stand out from the crowd and give a hint of where technology is heading. Here are three that I spotted on my travels.
In shows dominated by products from American and Asian firms, it is great to spot a British success story. Cambridge-based CSR were showing off their ultra-thin flexible keyboard which uses the firm's Bluetooth Smart chip to connect to a tablet or a smartphone. The technology can be incorporated in a cover, or could be used to turn any surface into a touchscreen or a digital drawing pad.
CSR won't itself be turning its prototype into a product but is already getting plenty of interest from potential partners. The fast-growing business is also promising lots of other interesting uses for Bluetooth Smart - Apple is a major proponent, so look out for possible announcements from California in the near future.
There seems to be no limit to the innovations offered to photographers - from ultra small action cameras, to the stand-alone smartphone lenses unveiled by Sony here.
Japan's Ricoh thinks the next big thing is 360-degree shots. Its Theta device has two fish-eye lenses which capture light from every direction. You can press the button yourself, which means a guaranteed selfie, or retire from the scene and control the camera via a smartphone app. The results can then be viewed and shared via the phone - and you can also use Microsoft's Photosynth app to manipulate the images.
The results are rather pleasing - click on this for one example - though it is hard to imagine there will be a huge market for a device that will cost Â£329. But more affluent smartphone users will find this accessory takes better pictures than Samsung's new smart watch.
Television remains the centrepiece of any technology show - and there are plenty of stunning screens, whether it is OLED or 4K or a TV with facial recognition so that you can stop your children getting access at certain times.
But what stood out was a television you could control just by looking at it, made by the Chinese firm Haier. The technology was first unveiled a year ago, but was rather clunky at that stage - now it looks ready for the market.
First, you calibrate the eye-tracking by following a dot around the screen, then the small sensor placed between you and the TV tracks your eye movements. Without moving your head you can then bring up different menus, change the volume or select multimedia content just by looking at different areas of the screen - and then blinking.
It takes a few minutes to get the hang of it, but soon I was scanning through menus, shuttling through a choice of films and turning up the volume at the blink of an eye. Whether this will ever have an application beyond people with very limited mobility seems doubtful - but unlike so much of what's on display here it certainly had the wow factor. And another thing impressed us.
We arrived on the Haier stand while it was still being built and the eye-control set wasn't hooked up  - but a couple of technicians leaped into action and made everything work. That can-do attitude is typical of the Chinese firms I've encountered, and should be a warning to complacent technology companies operating at a slower pace.


Fernando Alonso says he does not know whether he will be able to race in this weekend's Chinese Grand Prix.

The McLaren driver was ruled out of the last race in Bahrain because of a broken rib sustained in his terrifying accident at the season-opening race in Australia.
The two-time champion said: "Until I get the all-clear from the doctors to race we cannot assume anything.
"But I'm continuing to prepare for the race weekend as normal."
The Spaniard, who has been in China since Monday, will be examined by doctors of governing body the FIA on his arrival at the Shanghai track on Thursday.
Alonso has been unable to do his normal full training programme in the two-week gap between Bahrain and China as a result of his injury.
Last week, the 34-year-old posted images of himself on social media returning to training and wrote: "Gradually increasing the training session. Mainly indoor bicycle and elastics. (The ones you are allowed with a broken rib ...)! Happy with how things are going."
Alonso spent the weekend at a luxury resort in Tuscany before flying to the Far East.
If he cannot race in Shanghai, he will again be replaced by McLaren's reserve driver Stoffel Vandoorne.
The 24-year-old Belgian impressed in Bahrain by out-qualifying team-mate Jenson Button on his grand prix debut and scoring a point for 10th place.


Tenants were moved out of homeless accommodation after a council claimed a property developer put charges up by thousands of pounds.

Stef & Philips bought the units in Milliners Court, Luton, in 2014.
But the local authority has said it could not afford a rent rise and some units were offered to a London council.
Stef & Philips said any suggestion its business is "all about money" is wrong as it does not "merely pick the most lucrative contracts".
The move echoes the eviction of more than 70 families in Peterborough by the same company earlier this year.
Luton Borough Council housing portfolio holder Tom Shaw said the authority had been using the flats in Milliners Court to house homeless tenants prior to Stef & Philips buying them from another housing provider for £4.25m.
The tenants were moved to new accommodation after Stef & Philips put the rent up to what Mr Shaw called "unreasonable levels".
He told the BBC tenants would have had to pay an extra £10 per night - an increase totalling an extra £138,700 a year. Stef & Philips denies that figure.
The London-based property firm approached Barnet Council which now rents 41 flats at the site, contributing more than £85,000 per year towards the cost.
Once housing benefit and rent contributions are added, Stef & Philips will receive hundreds of thousands of pounds each year for the properties.
Mr Shaw said the London tenants were paying "vastly inflated rents".
He said: "This company calls itself a social housing provider. There is nothing social about the rent levels they want."
He added Luton Borough Council had not been prepared to put up with a company "making profits out of people's misery".
In October, the eviction of families from Steph & Philips-owned homes at St Michael's Gate in Peterborough was revealed.
Peterborough City Council voted to accept a deal to replace tenants with people from its homeless list.
Stef & Philips had told the council "about 10 authorities would be interested in placing their homeless people" at St Michael's Gate.
Minutes from a meeting called to discuss the proposals show the council was concerned the company would make a deal with another authority.
The minutes said: "We know that Stef & Philips work with other councils... for example, Barnet Council".
In an email sent to the city council in October, one Stef & Philips employee also mentioned Milliners Court: "We offered 62 flats to Luton Borough Council. However, they were unable to give us a clear decision despite an extended period of engagement.
"Consequently, we offered these properties to a London borough council."
In a statement, Stef & Philips said properties in St Michael's Gate will house families living in very difficult circumstances.
It added: "We regret any distress experienced by current tenants."


Building work has started on a new £10m health centre in Swindon.

The four-storey centre in Fleming Way is expected to be completed by spring 2017.
It will house two GP practices, a dentist, pharmacy, and a variety of community health services to replace the outdated health centre in Carfax Street.
The NHS-funded centre will serve an estimated 22,000 registered and 36,000 unregistered patients once complete.
Bob Sanderson, director of urgent care at Carfax Street Health Centre, said he was "delighted" work had started on the new centre.
"It will improve the health and wellbeing of people in Swindon by providing a modern, safe and high-quality environment." he said.
"Local patients will be able to access two GP practices, community and dental services, specialist health services and a pharmacy - all under one town centre roof."
John Follows, from NHS Property Services, said the development was "hugely important to local people".
"This is an excellent facility to meet the changing needs of patients and the NHS for many years to come," he said.
The new health centre will sit alongside the already constructed new 850-space multi-storey car park and assisted living residential building, as part of a £350m redevelopment of the town centre.