Paul Cooke retired a player assured of a place in Hull FC's Challenge Cup folklore, but he would give anything to once again conjure a cup-winning moment against Warrington at Wembley on Saturday.

Media playback is not supported on this device
And with it, end his former club's hoodoo at the national stadium - a victory that would again see the black and white half of Hull party in the streets and forever silence the other half of the city.
Cooke was the hero in the 2005 showpiece, crossing to put the Airlie Birds within a Danny Brough conversion of victory against Leeds Rhinos.
However, that success was at Cardiff's Millennium Stadium with Wembley being rebuilt - and not getting the chance to play at the national stadium remains a minor frustration in a fine career.
"If I could pull the kit on for one more game, this would be the one," the 35-year-old told BBC Sport.
"If I could play just 20 minutes and get off - never to play again - that would do me."
Cooke is not alone in missing out on Wembley glory, certainly not in his home city.
Those of a black and white persuasion in Kingston-upon-Hull find it difficult to escape a long-standing Wembley curse.
In eight visits to the new and old national stadium since their first in 1959, they have failed to win on each occasion.
The statistic has been enthusiastically rendered into a version of the Hull FC anthem 'Old Faithful' by Hull KR fans from the opposite side of the city.
"I'm still very good friends with head coach Lee Radford, and the Rovers song is a real bugbear of Lee's and the club's," Cooke said.
"If they win it, it takes away that tune from the other side of the city, which is a big motivation for the local boys. It'll certainly quieten down the other side of the city, at least for one song."
Media playback is not supported on this device
The 2005 final was another triumph for the management skills of then-head coach John Kear, who had steered Sheffield Eagles to an unlikely 1998 success against Wigan Warriors.
Those who could not celebrate with the team at the Millennium Stadium were able to join in the moment when the team returned to the city for the parade.
"When you go back home the full city comes out," Cooke continued. "The whole open-top bus ride from the Costello Stadium, down the Anlaby Road all the way past the KC and into the town centre - there's just this sea of black and white.
"I don't remember it too much with the amount of alcohol that was consumed post-game, but you vaguely remember it and see the pictures, which helps me remember the noise there and how special it was for people."
Media playback is not supported on this device
Not since 1983's shock defeat by Featherstone under the old twin towers has any Hull side been so hotly-tipped for success in a Wembley final.
That year, a champion squad containing world-class stars such as Gary Kemble, Dane O'Hara, David Topliss and James Leuluai was beaten by Allan Agar's giantkillers from Post Office Road.
The Airlie Birds of 2016 go into this final as Super League leaders, a point clear of their opponents Warrington.
"The pressure wasn't so big in 2005 because we were such big underdogs," Cooke said. "Leeds Rhinos should have and could have won that final and the bookies made them favourites, so the pressure was off.
"I think this year Hull may be favourites against Warrington and they've beaten them twice already this season.
"The pressure is what you put on yourself as a player. The squad will put themselves under pressure and the team, the coaching staff, they'll build that bubble within that no-one can pierce and hopefully do what they set out to do better than Warrington."
Although Cooke had red and white affections as a lad growing up in Hull, he understood what the 2005 final meant to those on the west side of the river.
International team-mates such as Motu Tony, Nathan Blacklock, Stephen Kearney and skipper Richard Swain were given a taste of the passions involved, surrounded by locals like Cooke, Richard Horne, Danny Brough, Kirk Yeaman and Paul King.
The same could be applied to the current squad, with Hull-born and raised Radford in charge of a side knitted together by hometown talent.
"When I was at Hull KR, Justin Morgan would leave the talk in derby week to the local players to speak pre-game, and it'll be no different this week for Hull FC," Cooke added.
"I think Kirk is the only surviving member of that 2005 team still playing for Hull, he'll speak. Danny Houghton no doubt will speak, Scott Taylor, who's come back to the city and a black and white as well, and Danny Washbrook.
"There are lots of local players who can voice their opinion on what it means to themselves, mums, dads and grandmas. They will take over the emotion and speaking from the heart."
Cooke will be at the game on Saturday with his family on the invitation of the club - a gesture that means a lot to him after his acrimonious departure from Hull to Rovers in 2007.
He predicts Hull will come out on top, but what of the potential match-winner? Who will step up to be 2016's Paul Cooke?
"I'm not sure who it will be or why it will be them," he said. "The 17 that are fortunate enough to go out there are just that, they've got a chance to influence this result and write themselves into history.
"That's a big opportunity, I couldn't care whether it's Carlos Tuimavave or Frank Pritchard, Yeaman or Shaul, or Houghton - to get over the line would be massive for the city and the club.
"Hopefully, this year Hull FC can come away with that elusive victory at Wembley, it's 11 years and that's a long time between drinks for a lot of people."


Russell Brand will address the Edinburgh International Television Festival later this year when he takes part in the Alternative MacTaggart talk.

The comedian and actor will discuss his work, commitment to comedy and how he has been affected by fatherhood.
He will be interviewed on stage by the co-host of his Radio X show, Matt Morgan.
He will follow in the footsteps of Catastrophe creator Sharon Horgan.
The interview is a sideways look at the industry, in contrast to the James MacTaggart Memorial Lecture, the biggest keynote address of the festival.
Last year it was given by vice founder and chief executive Shane Smith. This year's speaker is yet to be announced.
Lisa Campbell, director of the festival, said: "Thought-provoking, entertaining and with a delicious way with words, Russell is one of the most exciting creative mavericks around.
"Having Matt Morgan on board as someone who knows the complexities and inner workings of this titan of comedy, and who can give genuine insight into his creative brain, will make this one unmissable hour."
Other speakers due to appear at the festival include Fleabag creator and star Phoebe Waller-Bridge, Line Of Duty creator Jed Mercurio and star Vicky McClure and former England footballer Rio Ferdinand.
The three-day event will also include discussions about fake news, podcasting and Snapchat.
The Edinburgh International Television Festival runs from 23 to 25 August.


A £15m scheme to help young people get to jobs and training is to end 18 months after it was launched.

MyTravelPass was launched in September 2015 offering 16 to 18-year-olds a third off bus travel, but it will cease after March.
The Welsh Government said it had been launched as a pilot with funding only guaranteed for that period.
However bus operators' body CPT Cymru said the scheme was not well publicised and take-up had been low.
The project had been part of a two-year Labour-Liberal Democrat deal to pass the Welsh Government's budget during the previous assembly term, when the Lib Dems had five AMs.
Since the May 2016 election they now have just one member - Kirsty Williams, who is a minister in the Labour-led administration.
"18 months is not very long to get something established," said John Pockett, director of CPT Cymru, which he said was "disappointed that the government has decided not to continue".
"On top of that, the way the scheme was marketed by the government was very poor, and hence the low take-up."
He cited figures that 8,000 had signed up for the scheme out of a potential audience of around 100,000 to 110,000.
Welsh Lib Dems' spokesman Cadan ap Tomos said the party had secured the pilot scheme "because we know that young people are unfairly penalised by high fares when travelling to work or training".
"What's clear is that the implementation of the pilot by the last Labour Government was a disaster," he said.
"It's difficult to believe that despite access to affordable transport being a key concern for young people, only 7% of those eligible took it up."
But Welsh Conservative skills spokesman Mohammad Asghar said: "With a Liberal Democrat at the heart of the government, you would've expected greater protection, support and oversight of a scheme secured through one of the party's backroom deals.
"Sadly, members of the Welsh Government appear content to waste millions of pounds of hardworking taxpayers' money just to do a deal and cling onto power."
A spokesman for the Welsh Government said the scheme was launched in September 2015 as a pilot to "test the issues" influencing the use of buses by 16 to 18-year-olds.
"At the time that MyTravelPass was announced, it was confirmed that the Welsh Government's funding for the pilot scheme was only ever for the period to 31 March 2017," the spokesman said.
Initial analysis of the scheme seemed to suggest that passholders were not using their passes to travel outside their immediate areas, he added.
More detailed analysis is set to take place once the pilot is complete.
The spokesman added that the Welsh Government had asked councils, bus operators and public transport information service Traveline Cymru to consider affordable ways of continuing to offer cheaper bus travel for young people.
"While agreeing that as many 16 to 18-year-olds as possible should be encouraged to take up the discounted bus travel offer, all partners acknowledged from the outset of the pilot that a take-up of 10% would be realistic," the spokesman said.
He added: "Lessons learned from the marketing of the MyTravelPass pilot will be used to support the marketing of any future scheme."


The family of a blogger killed by brain cancer the day before she was to marry say they have been touched by tributes from well-wishers across the globe.

Anna Swabey, 25, from Newton Aycliffe, County Durham, was given three months to live in 2015. Shortly after, she met Andy Bell, 26, on a dating app.
The pair were due to marry on Saturday in the Yorkshire Dales.
Miss Swabey launched a fundraising appeal for Brain Tumour Research which has raised more than Â£70,000.
Her mother, Linda, said: "Our darling Anna would have been so proud to see how her story has touched so many people around the world.
"We have been overwhelmed at the messages of love and the donations which have been made in our daughter's memory.
"Many have come from people she never met but who have been affected by her story."
Mrs Swabey added: "We are determined to continue the work she started. If there is one good thing to come of this tragedy, we hope that Anna will have achieved her fundraising goal in order to help others."
Following her diagnosis, Miss Swabey described her treatment in a blog she called Inside my Head.
In her final post on 8 July, she said chemotherapy had left her feeling unwell but added her spirits had been lifted by her hen party in York.


The latest stage of the £1bn transformation of Dundee's waterfront is getting under way.

Contracts worth more than £400,000 have been approved for works at Slessor Gardens and at the rear of the Caird Hall, as well as the replacement of dock gates at Camperdown Dock.
Dundee Waterfront is a regeneration project which is transforming 240 acres of land along the River Tay.
Redevelopment is now well past the halfway mark.
The work at Slessor Gardens, costing £250,000, will include the creation of the Discovery Walk of Fame, the commemorative Royal Arch of trees and the outline formation of the Waterfront Showcase Gardens.
Contractor Sir Robert McAlpine was awarded the contract, which is due to be completed in January next year.
Meanwhile, specialist consultant Mott MacDonald won a contract worth £150,000 to replace the existing dock gates to Camperdown Docks, as part of the City Quay Marina development.
Will Dawson, convener of Dundee City Council's city development committee, said: "With a project as large, complex and lengthy as the redevelopment of the waterfront each element that is started or finished becomes something of a milestone."
The overall project includes the construction of a new railway station, V&A Museum of Design Dundee, a new marina, port developments, offices, hotels, bars, shops, cafes and residential accommodation.


Pressure continues to build on Chief Constable Nick Gargan, as hundreds have signed a petition calling on him to go.

Avon and Somerset's Police and Crime Commissioner Sue Mountstevens accepted the petition at police HQ in Portishead on Monday.
Mr Gargan has been found guilty of eight counts of misconduct, details of which have not yet been made public.
He has said he understands people's concerns but is looking forward to rebuilding confidence in the force.
Ms Mountstevens is due to determine Mr Gargan's future at a sanctions hearing on Wednesday over the misconduct findings.
He was suspended in May 2014 while the IPCC investigated claims of inappropriate conduct and data breaches against him.
Last month an independent panel cleared him of gross misconduct but found him guilty of eight misconduct charges.
His critics say he should resign, or be required to resign. The sanction recommended by the panel that found him guilty was the most severe available - eight final written warnings, one for each misconduct finding.
Ms Mountstevens has been urged to use the powers available to PCCs to call upon the chief constable to resign.
Three former chief constables have written to her, saying Mr Gargan should go for the good of the force.
She has said she is taking concerns seriously but does not want to comment before the misconduct process is finalised.
Mr Gargan has said he understands people have questions and said he would address them. In July he said he was "very much looking forward to returning to work" and "beginning the process of rebuilding confidence in the force".


CCTV footage of a "vile" thief apparently using a child as a decoy while he steals a mobile phone from an electrical shop has been released.

Baseo, in Southend, posted a film of the incident on its Facebook page, saying the child was used as a "visual shield" during the theft.
As reported in the Echo, a Samsung Galaxy A3 worth Â£151 was taken on 2 July.
Essex Police said it was investigating and appealed for details about the man.
Follow the latest on this and other stories on BBC Essex Live
In the footage, the young girl can be seen perching on the edge of the shop's counter while the man stands beside her.
When a member of staff walks out of view, the man can be seen leaning over the counter to take something from a shelf.
He then appears to put it in his pocket before lifting the girl from the counter and putting her in a buggy.
The girl jumps out of the buggy to stand with a woman, while the man heads towards the exit.
Adam Keys, who runs the electrical shop's social media accounts, said the theft was "absolutely disgusting".
"The crime itself is enough, but to use a child to obstruct the view is something else completely.
"It's vile."
An Essex Police spokeswoman said: "Anybody who recognises the man, who is white, of a skinny build, in his mid to late 20s with dark hair, and was wearing a grey polo shirt, is asked to contact police on 101."


Swansea City boss Paul Clement believes Gylfi Sigurdsson is good enough to play at clubs like Bayern Munich and Chelsea.

The 27-year-old made it seven Premier League goals this season when he scored in the Swans' 2-1 win over Southampton.
Clement, who was assistant manager to Carlo Ancelotti at Bayern Munich. Chelsea and Real Madrid, believes the Icelander could flourish there.
"I've seen worse players than him playing at that level," said Clement.
As the Swans look to fight their way out of Premier League relegation trouble, holding onto Sigurdsson was one of the main positives of the January transfer window.
Reports suggested the Icelandic international had been a target of a big-spending Chinese club, but Clement said Sigurdsson was fully committed to the Swansea cause.
Clement said: "He's a very good player. I see someone who is fully committed to this club and team and himself, working everyday to be the best he can be. He is a player, not dissimilar to Frank Lampard."
The west Wales club face a tough trip on Sunday as they head to the Etihad Stadium to face Pep Guardilola's Manchester City.
The Swans will be buoyed by their shock win over Liverpool recently as they look to ease their relegation fears.
One man who will have to be content with a place on the bench is Swansea's record signing, Spanish striker Borja, who arrived at the club in August.
The 24-year-old has scored just one Premier League goal in 13 appearances and last month was linked with a move back to Spain to Villarreal.
Clement confirmed there had been talks about a deal, but said the focus now was on building up the striker's confidence.
"I am not sure I could tell you that it was close, but I can tell you that there were talks," said Clement.
"But it was difficult to let him go at the moment as he is the number two striker. Fernando Llorente is the number one striker at the moment, but who is to say I might not turn that around at some point or we might have injuries.
"He is a good professional, he works very hard in training. Obviously the transition from La Liga to the Premier League has been a difficult one for him for lots of different reasons, but I see him as someone who is focused on his job and wants to help this team stay in this league.
"He clearly has some talent and ability and we have to work together to find that confidence and have him deliver for this team."


A report into East Midlands Ambulance Service (EMAS) has found it has "insufficient staff" to meet the needs of patients in a "timely manner".

The troubled NHS trust has been struggling financially and has some of the worst response times in England.
However, the Care Quality Commission (CQC) said staff were committed to providing high quality, safe care despite suffering from low morale.
The health watchdog said inspectors also saw some "outstanding practice".
Prof Sir Mike Richards, the CQC's chief inspector of hospitals, said EMAS, which serves about 4.8m people across six counties, required improvement.
He said: "There was an unrelenting demand for emergency services combined with a lack of staff and resources to meet the need.
"We found that while people were cared for and treated well, there were insufficient staff and a lack of appropriate skill-mix to meet the needs of patients in a timely manner."
The trust was told it must ensure there are sufficient emergency vehicles to safely meet demand and response times must also meet the needs of patients by reaching national targets.
In April it was revealed EMAS had overspent by almost Â£12m in the last financial year and had to take out an additional loan to help with running costs.
Staff were also reported to be under pressure and unable to take scheduled breaks.
Richard Henderson, acting chief executive of EMAS, said: "We will be continuing our recruitment campaigns. Last year we recruited over 300 staff. This year again we will be doing exactly the same.
"We will be increasing the numbers of vehicles available but most importantly we need to ensure we retain our existing workforce."
EMAS said emergency calls had increased and handover delays at hospitals had caused it to incur the extra costs.
The service which covers Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire and Rutland has about 2,700 members of staff and receives approximately 2,000 calls a day.


A community benefit society set up to revive the traditional wool industry in parts of the Western Isles is to become a trading social enterprise.

Uist Wool operates a spinning mill and centre on the island of Grimsay between North Uist and Benbecula.
It was established in 2011 to provide training and employment.
The social enterprise structure will allow it to put profits it makes back into the organisation for pursuing other aims.
Highlands and Islands Enterprise is to provide a Â£90,000 grant to help Uist Wool make its transition.
The organisation spins a range of yarns for knitting and weaving using local fleece. It specialises in one of the oldest native Scottish sheep breeds, the Hebridean.


Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko says he did nothing wrong, after leaked documents suggested he had set up an offshore company as a tax haven using Panamanian legal firm Mossack Fonseca.

Ukraine prosecution officials said there was no evidence of a crime but one politician called for the president to face impeachment proceedings.
Eleven million documents from Mossack Fonseca show how some of its clients use it to avoid tax and launder money.
The firm says it did nothing illegal.
The Panamanian firm is alleged to have set up a company in the British Virgin Islands for Mr Poroshenko called Prime Assets Partners, which describes itself as a holding company of the Roshen confectionery group. Before becoming president, Mr Poroshenko had been known as the "chocolate king".
During his presidential campaign in 2014, Mr Poroshenko vowed to sell most of his business assets. He won the election and was sworn in in June 2014. The assets were transferred to the newly created holding company.
In October 2014 a Ukrainian bank, of which Mr Poroshenko owns a controlling stake, sent a letter of recommendation to Mossack Fonseca saying that his accounts had been "conducted properly up to our satisfaction", according to the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Journalists from the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) argued that President Poroshenko's action might be illegal on two counts: starting a new company while president and not reporting the company on his disclosure statements. The BBC cannot independently confirm this.
Anti-corruption group Transparency International also believed that the "creation of businesses while serving as president is a direct violation of the constitution".
But a spokesman for Mr Poroshenko said the company it set up for the president had no active assets and was part of a legitimate corporate restructure aimed at helping to sell the Roshen group. None of the three associated accounts held more than â‚¬2,000 (Â£1,600; $2,270), he said.
The Ukrainian leader went on Facebook to insist that, on becoming president, he had delegated management of his assets to consulting and law firms.
"I believe I might be the first top office official in Ukraine who treats declaring of assets, paying taxes and conflict of interest issues profoundly and seriously, in full compliance with the Ukrainian and international private law," he wrote.
Legal firm Avellum, which was given the task of selling Roshen, said that using a company with foreign jurisdiction was the only way to move the company into a blind trust. "Any allegations of tax evasion are groundless," it told Reuters news agency.
However, Oleh Lyashko, head of the populist Radical party which had earlier been part of the governing coalition, called for impeachment proceedings to be initiated, although that was unlikely to take place.


Ian Watkins is likely to have used his celebrity to groom women in order to gain access to their children who he subjected to a series of sex offences.

The singer of Welsh rock band Lostprophets changed his plea to guilty to "depraved" child sex offences including attempted rape of a baby.
The 36-year-old from Pontypridd, and two women in their 20s, had been due to stand trial at Cardiff Crown Court.
Helen Whittle from the National Crime Agency described his case as unusual.
"It's likely that someone with celebrity status will use that to gain access to individuals and a route into grooming behaviour," she said.
"It is quite unusual but unfortunately we are seeing a trend over the last few years of very young children being victimised in these images.
"While it's not the norm from our perspective, it is a reality."
Det Ch Insp Peter Doyle, of South Wales Police's specialist crime investigations team, said there was "no doubt" in his mind that Watkins exploited his celebrity status in order to abuse young children.
Watkins was due to stand trial having previously "furiously denied" the allegations against him claiming he was the "victim of a malicious campaign" but changed his pleas on Tuesday.
He admitted attempted rape and sexual assault of a child under 13 but not guilty to rape - which was accepted by the prosecution.
The court also heard the two women involved sexually abused their own children and made them available to Watkins for him to abuse.
Ms Whittle added: "It's likely that those mothers would have been groomed by the offender to commit the abuse, but without the motivation to sexually abuse a child it's unlikely they would have taken it that far.
"It's likely the offender has normalised the sexual abuse of children, has rationalised it, minimised it for these females, and therefore the psychological barriers that had stopped those females abusing in the past were then eroded and they took the steps of abusing the children."
She said research showed that 90% of child sex offenders knew they were interested in children when they were developing sexually at around the ages of 14 to 16.
And it is unlikely that someone who has had that motivation and interest since their teenage years has only just started offending in their adult life, the research found.


Internet giants will face increased pressure to tackle online extremism as EU leaders are expected to back a drive for tougher web regulation.

Boris Johnson will be among EU foreign ministers meeting to consider measures to ensure there is "no safe space for terrorists" to plot attacks and share radical material online.
It comes in the wake of recent terrorist attacks in the UK and France.
The PM has urged Google, Facebook and Twitter to take down terrorist content.
It follows Theresa May's agreement of measures with G7 leaders in April and a new plan with French President Emmanuel Macron last week.
Speaking ahead of the meeting, Mr Johnson, the UK foreign secretary, said: "We are pushing back Daesh militarily, but the threat we face is evolving rather than disappearing as they lose ground in Iraq and Syria.
"The fight is moving from the battlefield to the internet.
"There should be absolutely no safe space for terrorists plotting attacks, radicalising young people and encouraging others to carry out violence in the name of an obscene ideology.
"We all want to protect our people so we must say together that enough is enough. Terrorism affects us all and we need a common approach to ensure the problem gets solved, and at a much faster pace than we are seeing right now."


The Ulster Unionist Party draws its support from the unionist community, the vast majority of whom are Protestant.

It was founded in 1905 when the Ulster Unionist Council was formed.
In 1921, Ulster Unionists formed the government of Northern Ireland after the island of Ireland was partitioned, and they held power until 1972.
That year, the Stormont parliament was brought to an end by Westminster and direct rule from London was introduced.
That took place amid widespread civil disturbances and attacks by the IRA during the Troubles.
The UUP was closely aligned with the Conservative Party but the relationship soured when the Troubles began in the last 1960s.
The party played a key role in negotiating the Good Friday Agreement in 1998.
In 2003, the Democratic Unionist Party overtook the UUP as the largest party in Northern Ireland at the Northern Ireland Assembly elections.
At its height the UUP had ten MPs, but its decline began in 2001 when it lost three Westminster seats to the DUP.
The then UUP leader, David Trimble, struggled to maintain his authority within the party, which was divided over its pro-Good Friday Agreement stance.
The party's Westminster representation dropped further when Lagan Valley MP Jeffrey Donaldson defected to the DUP following the party's poor performance at the Stormont election.
In March 2005, the Orange Order ended its 100-year formal association with the party, reflecting changes in both the religious organisation and in wider unionism.
After losing his Upper Bann Westminster seat in 2005, Mr Trimble resigned as party leader.
He was succeeded by Sir Reg Empey who, during his five-year tenure, oversaw further electoral losses for the party.
In 2010, the UUP and David Cameron's Conservatives agreed to field joint candidates, but none were elected.
Meanwhile, the UUP's last remaining MP resigned from the party in protest at the deal.
Lady Sylvia Hermon retained her North Down seat as an independent and the UUP lost its last foothold in Westminster.
Under Tom Elliott's leadership from 2010 to 2012 the party lost a further two MLAs at Stormont. Mike Nesbitt became leader in 2012 and, since then, three MLAs have left the party.
The party is keen to get a candidate re-elected to Westminster and in March 2015 it agreed a pact in four seats with the DUP, in the hope of regaining a seat.


New forensic standards are to be introduced to improve examinations of victims of sexual violence.

They will ensure the way victims are treated - and evidence gathered - is the same across Scotland.
Ministers said it was important to ensure a consistent and sympathetic service to support victims.
The government has also launched a survey to find why few female doctors have been willing to be involved in forensic examinations.
It followed claims that some rape victims in the Northern Isles do not report it because they have to travel, without washing, to the mainland for forensic tests.
Healthcare Improvement Scotland (HIS) will produce the new standards to ensure best practice is applied when examining victims following a rape or sexual assault - including the conditions and way examinations are handled.
Justice Secretary Michael Matheson said it was important that victims of sexual violence felt confident coming forward, knowing they were going to be supported every step of the way, including forensic examination.
"While the way evidence is gathered and recorded is a top priority for the legal process, it must be balanced with the needs of victims, who may be vulnerable and traumatised," he said.
Sara Twaddle, director of evidence for HIS, said: "It is vital that victims of rape or sexual assault receive the best care and support possible, that they have confidence in the service and that forensic examinations are carried out to the same high standard across the country."
The government said many sexual assault victims wanted to be examined by a female doctor - and more were needed.
It has launched a survey to help ministers understand the barriers for woman getting involved in this area of medicine, with concerns doctors might not realise what is involved - or may be fearful the eventual court process would be time-consuming.
Dr Louise Scott, who carries out forensic examinations in Stornoway, urged more women to do the same.
She said: "When an individual has been brave enough to come forward after sexual assault, healthcare professionals have a vital role as part of that multi-agency response in meeting both the therapeutic needs of the victim and the high standard of evidential requirements.
"Many doctors and healthcare professionals may not realise they already have many of the professional skills required to provide a competent and caring response for victims of sexual assault and that, with the additional training and support available, they could be contributing to a high quality, co-ordinated, sensitive and victim-centred forensic medical response within their community.
"We need more female healthcare professionals prepared to take on this rewarding work, especially those from a GP, sexual health or gynaecology background, and help improve the experience and outcomes for victims."
Rape Crisis Scotland (RCS) said developing new standards should ensure that, no matter where someone lives in Scotland, they can access an appropriate and sensitive response.
RCS national co-ordinator, Sandy Brindley said: "The response someone receives following rape can vary greatly, depending where they live and when the offence took place.
"Forensic examinations conducted in an appropriate location, by a female doctor, with co-ordinated sexual health follow-up and emotional and practical support, could make a huge difference to rape survivors experiences."
The standards are expected to be rolled out before the end of 2017.
Minimum standards for the forensic examinations to victims of a sexual offence were set out in 2013, but they are not obligatory and health boards do not have to formally report on how they are applied.


Reckitt Benckiser's possible acquisition of the K-Y brand "could lead to higher prices for personal lubricants", says a UK regulator.

The Slough-headquartered company, which owns Durex, agreed to buy K-Y from Johnson & Johnson in March 2014.
K-Y and Durex hold almost three-quarters of the market share in supermarkets and national pharmacies.
Therefore, the deal could lead to higher prices, says the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA).
"Consumers and retailers differentiate between these two products to some extent," said CMA inquiry chair Phil Evans.
However, the overlap in the market meant that the acquisition could reduce competition and raise prices, he added.
CMA is inviting responses to their findings. It will publish its final decision by 18 August.
K-Y started as a prescription product in 1917 and switched to over-the-counter in 1980.
It has a "very high trust score amongst women", says Reckitt Benckiser.


Tyrone look set to be without key defenders Cathal McCarron and Justin McMahon for their Ulster SFC opener against Derry at Celtic Park on 28 May.

McCarron picked up a hamstring injury in training, while McMahon is struggling with a quad injury which has been slow to respond to treatment.
Both are rated extremely doubtful for the first round tie, a repeat of last year's quarter-final, which Tyrone won.
Conor Meyler has recovered from a hamstring injury and is set to start.
McMahon's injury has kept him out of his last five club games and he is unlikely to feature as the Red Hands begin the defence of their provincial title against the Oak Leafers.
"Cathal McCarron has picked up a hamstring injury which is concerning, because it only happened about a week ago," said manager Mickey Harte.
"He has had a good couple of years for us and has a lot of ability in that sector of the field.
"Justin has picked up a lot of niggly injuries throughout his career. He has quad injury at the minute and has had it for four or five weeks.
"He's so versatile and so capable, and it's unfortunate, but we still have a lot of good players in the squad, a lot of versatile players."


Commonwealth Games 2014 judo silver medallist Stephanie Inglis has told of being warned not to return to the sport she has done since she was four.

Inglis, from Daviot, near Inverness, is recovering from serious neck and head injuries sustained in a road accident in Vietnam a year ago this week.
The 28-year-old told BBC Scotland's Timeline that a surgeon has advised her against returning to the contact sport.
But she added that another surgeon has said competing at judo may be possible.
Inglis was given a 1% chance of survival by doctors in Vietnam.
A crowdfunding campaign raised money to cover the cost of treatment in Thailand and then a flight back to Scotland where she woke up from a coma in a hospital in Edinburgh, six weeks after the accident.
A titanium cap was bolted to her skull as part of her treatment and recovery from her injuries.
Inglis, who was teaching primary and secondary school children in Vietnam, told Timeline: "I have had talks with my surgeon and he is really not keen for me to return to the sport because it is a full contact sport.
"He thinks there is a risk of another head injury and that I wouldn't come through that."
She added: "I have spoken to another surgeon who says your brain is like any other muscle and when it is fixed it is fixed."
Asked which advice she will follow, Inglis said: "I will give it a couple of years to let everything to settle down and get some more tests done and scans done."
The sportswoman said she still aspired to compete at the Commonwealth Games in 2022.


A Liverpool fan has described being "carried along" by the pressure of the crowd outside Hillsborough, before seeing his friend disappear in the terrace crush.

Lee Walls was at the 1989 FA Cup semi-final with Carl Brown, 18, who was one of 96 victims of the stadium disaster.
Mr Walls described waving at his friend inside the ground, but "within a matter of seconds he disappeared".
The new inquests also heard about the final movements of Ian Whelan, 19.
Mr Brown, from Leigh, Greater Manchester, was a student hoping to take up a place at Manchester University when he went to the 15 April match between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest.
Mr Whelan lived in Warrington, Cheshire, and worked for British Nuclear Fuels.
In his statement about what he saw that day, Mr Walls described seeing a large group of Liverpool fans outside the ground ahead of the scheduled 15:00 BST kick-off.
He described being "literally carried along with the crowd" as he and Carl Brown moved towards the turnstiles at the Leppings Lane end of the Sheffield ground.
They then went down a tunnel leading into the fenced enclosures on the terraces, known as pens.
Mr Walls continued: "As we got out of the tunnel, we got pushed to the right. Carl was carried further to the right. I looked at Carl and he waved but within a matter of seconds he disappeared.
"I don't know if he got pushed right over or if he fell. I was carried towards the centre of pen three, then back towards the left-hand side."
The court heard how Mr Walls' statement went on to describe how the pressure in the crowd built up and he lost consciousness.
Christina Lambert QC, representing the coroner, said there was "no evidence" about what happened to Mr Brown after he was separated from his friend, or how he got out of the pen.
BBC News: Profiles of all those who died
It is believed Liverpool fan Gerard Cosgrove helped give first aid to Mr Brown, along with another supporter.
Asked if he saw any signs of life in the casualty, Mr Cosgrove said: "Not that I'm aware of, no."
The inquests continue.


Easyjet's chief executive does not expect any lasting impact on trading following the recent terror attacks in France and Egypt.

Carolyn McCall said heightened airport security measures and worries about air travel would understandably lead to a "cooling off" among passengers.
But history showed that passenger growth always resumed despite tragic events, she said.
The comments came as Easyjet posted its fifth straight year of record profits.
After the downing of a Russian aircraft last month, killing all 224 people on board, the UK government suspended services to Sharm el-Sheikh airport pending a security review.
It is a popular tourist destination, although Ms McCall said the route remained a small service in the context of Easyjet's size.
On Tuesday, Russia's FSB security service confirmed that the passenger plane was brought down by a bomb, as traces of explosives had been found in the debris.
Ms McCall told the BBC Radio 4's Today programme that by the end of Tuesday, all Easyjet passengers would have been brought back to the UK from Sharm. The airline was limited to two flights a day because of capacity constraints at Sharm airport.
She said that increased airport security following the Russian jet crash, and attacks in Paris on Friday, was inevitable.
"It will take a little longer to get though airports, but I do not think that passengers will mind because it has to be safety first," she said.
Ms McCall said she did not expect any lasting impact on trading, with fewer passengers flying following the attacks. "There's always a cooling off after tragic events," she said. "But it does resume after a period of time, and I think that we will see this here."
Easyjet is the second biggest carrier in France, with 1,000 employees there.
Meanwhile, annual pre-tax profits at the carrier, which has just celebrated its 20th birthday, jumped 18% to Â£686m, boosted by what the airline said were "favourable economic and consumer trends".
Revenues rose 3.5% to Â£4.68bn, with passenger numbers up 6% to 68.6 million in the year to end-September.
The figures do not include any possible impact on Easyjet services of last month's Egypt attack.
But Ms McCall said in a statement that the trading outlook for the group as a whole was strong.
"Our outlook for the longer term is positive. We expect demand in our markets to be sustained and for Easyjet to continue to be a winner in its markets. We will see passenger growth of 7% a year."
Easyjet's load factor, a key industry measure of how many seats are filled per flight, rose to 91.5% from 90.6%.
The airline also announced the appointment of its first head of data science, to accelerate the airline's use of artificial intelligence.
By using complicated computer programmes to analyse huge amounts of data on everything from online searches to the food and drink bought on aircraft, Easyjet says it can improve efficiency and revenues.


Coleraine boosted their prospects of achieving a European spot as they earned a 3-1 win over Cliftonville in the Irish Premiership game at Solitude.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Goals from Rodney Brown and outstanding James McLaughlin put the dominant Bannsiders 2-0 up inside 12 minutes.
Brad Lyons hit Coleraine's third goal on 52 minutes with David McDaid replying for the Reds in injury-time.
Adam Lecky's 60th-minute goal helped Ballinamallard beat Glentoran 1-0 in a game which had three reds cards.
At Solitude, Cliftonville looked to be suffering a hangover following last weekend's defeat by leaders Crusaders, which probably ended any lingering Reds hopes of regaining the league title.
In contrast, Coleraine demonstrated huge appetite for the contest as they ran the lethargic Reds ragged in the crucial first period.
Opening goal-scorer Brown was not scheduled to start but was handed a late call-up after Ian Parkhill was injured in the warm-up.
Brown grasped his opportunity as he rose to head an Adam Mullan cross past Conor Devlin in the first minute.
Coleraine doubled their lead within seven minutes as the superb McLaughlin turned Johnny Flynn before producing a composed finish.
With the Cliftonville defence looking all at sea, Coleraine wasted another glorious chance to extend their lead as the home sides didn't threaten before Flynn headed wide in first-half injury-time.
Following their insipid first-half display, the Reds did raise their tempo after the restart but contest was effectively over by the 52nd minute as Lyons rounded Devlin to stroke into an empty net after great work by McLaughlin and Ruairi Harkin.
Cliftonville boss Gerard Lyttle introduced Stephen Garrett, McDaid and Jay Donnelly in a triple substitute in the 52nd minute but their superiority in the possession stakes in the remainder of the contest was only rewarded by McDaid's late goal.
Coleraine remain fifth despite the win but they are now only two points behind third-placed Glenavon and Cliftonville.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Ballinamallard United boosted their Premiership survival prospects as their 10 men saw off nine-man Glentoran at Ferney Park.
The Glens were reduced to 10 men when keeper Aaron Hogg was sent off as he conceded a penalty when pulling down the Oval-bound Stephen O'Flynn in the 15th minute.
Substitute keeper Elliott Morris, not deemed fit enough to start, came on to save Jason McCartney's penalty, with Steven McCullough clearing the follow-up effort off the line.
James McKenna and O'Flynn went close to putting the Mallards ahead before a melee involving nearly everybody on the pitch just before the break led to Glentoran's Stephen Gordon and home player Johnny Lafferty being red carded.
Curtis Allen headed just wide for the Glens after the restart but Ballinamallard took the lead on the hour as Ivan Sproule's run set up Lecky to score.
Stephen O'Flynn struck the Glentoran bar with a free-kick but the Mallards had to hang on at the finish with keeper Stefan McCusker making a fine save to deny Ciaran Caldwell in injury-time.


Eleanor Bron has joined the cast of Radio 4's rural drama series The Archers, playing a character who first appeared in it 60 years ago.

The 76-year-old said she was "thrilled" to be playing Carol Tregorran, a role originally played by Anne Cullen.
Listeners learned Carol had returned to Ambridge to attend the funeral of her husband John in Friday's episode.
Sean O'Connor, editor of The Archers, said Bron "fitted [in] as if she has been here for 30 years".
"In the 1950s, Carol was a significant role model for young women," continued O'Connor, a former EastEnders producer who took over his Archers role last September.
"We hope she will continue to be so for older women today - an independent, spirited woman who embraces her later years on her own terms and without compromise."
Carol Grey made her first appearance in The Archers in 1954 and married John Tregorran in 1967. She and John left Ambridge in 1990, returning for special occasions in 2007 and 2010.
Her place in Archers history is assured, having been dining at Grey Gables on the famous night in 1955 when Grace Archer was killed in a fire.
Bron, who began her career with the Cambridge Footlights in 1959 and appeared in such classic 1960s films as Help! and Alfie, described Carol as "quite forceful and independent, even now in her 80s".
"Now she has returned to Ambridge she is able to be around friends," she went on. "There's something very wonderful when you can pick up those sorts of friendships and see them play out in a drama."


Train companies should do more to stop passengers leaning out of train windows following the death of a man in south London, investigators have said.

Simon Brown, from West Sussex, died on 7 August 2016 after he hit his head on a gantry while heading through Balham.
The Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) said operators should add measures when there was a risk of people leaning out of train windows.
Investigators also found no reason why Mr Brown had leaned out of the train.
No drugs or alcohol were found in his system and there was no evidence he was taking photographs, they said.
Mr Brown, 24, who was originally from East Grinstead, was described by friends as a "lifelong railway fanatic" who worked as an engineering technician with Hitachi Rail Europe in Bristol.
The report found the train was travelling at about 61mph (98 km/h) when he hit the gantry.
The RAIB said there was a sticker on the door warning passengers not to lean out of the window, although this was "cluttered" with other signs.
Investigators recommended train operators should "include consideration of means of preventing people from leaning out of windows and/or improving warning signage."
Train operator Govia Thameslink Railway Limited added hazard tape and bars on the windows of similar trains following Mr Brown's death, although the type of train is no longer used on the line.
The RAIB also found there were "avoidable delays" in the time it took for paramedics to treat Mr Brown but this would have not changed the outcome.
They also said Network Rail should share data of the clearances of structures built beside tracks with train companies so they "can make more informed decisions about the management of risk".
The gantry was found to be 26cm (10.2 in) from the train but complied with standards for existing structures.


More than 27,000 people have signed a petition calling on the Welsh government to withdraw plans to restart scallop dredging in Cardigan Bay.

Commercial scallop fishing came to an end in the bay five years ago when it became a special area of conservation.
Whale and Dolphin Conservation (WDC), which launched the petition, described scallop dredging as "a highly destructive fishing method".
The Welsh government said a public consultation was being carried out.
Mick Green, of WDC, said: "We are delighted so many people support our view that the current proposal to open up protected areas to scallop dredging is wrong.
"We hope that the Welsh government will take notice of the high level of opposition to these proposals and withdraw them."
A Welsh government spokesman said it was "currently considering the establishment of a viable and sustainable scallop fishery", which was "in line with the evidence provided by the Bangor University study".
The public consultation ends on 17 February.


New captain Kyle Coetzer believes this week's two one-day internationals against Pakistan are the beginning of a "new era" for Scotland.

Coetzer leads the Scots for the first time at the Grange on Friday.
"We want to try to take down one of the top sides and we are very capable of doing that," said Coetzer.
"The guys have been preparing well for the last number of years now and things are starting to come together. They have moulded into the squad very well."
Pakistan begin their preparation for the ICC Champions Trophy by facing the Scots on Friday and Sunday.
Spinner Saeed Ajmal will feature for the tourists but all-rounder Shahid Afridi misses out.
"There is a bit in it for both sides here," said Coetzer.
"They are preparing for their tournament and it is nice for the Scottish public to see a team of this calibre coming to the Grange."
And the 29-year-old Northants batsmen expects the first meeting to be "a whirlwind" after
Coetzer made his international bow against Pakistan 10 years ago.
He explained: "I always hoped that somewhere along the line I might be able to do the job [of captain].
"I'm looking forward to the challenges. It's a very proud day.
"I am going to do what is best for the team at all times. Hopefully that can lead to some good results. Effectively, it is a new era and it is exciting times."
Pakistan are in the same section as India, South Africa and West Indies in next month's Champions Trophy, with Dav Whatmore's side playing their group matches at the Oval and Edgbaston.
And captain Misbah-ul-Haq has warned his team-mates not to underestimate Scotland.
"We have an important period coming up with the Champions Trophy," he said. "There are different conditions over here in the UK, different weather, and we need to get used to that.
"We haven't played against Scotland for a long time but in their home conditions, any side can be really tough. So we can't take them lightly."
Follow Phil Goodlad on Twitter.


Staff at a Florida library created fake readers to foil computer systems that recommend throwing out books unread for months or years.

An investigation found bogus borrowers had "read" thousands of books.
Library staff have been suspended while officials work out if the fakes meant the libraries received more state cash.
Staff said their action had helped save cash as it kept perennially popular titles that would have had to be bought again if they had been thrown out.
Officials at the Lake County public resources department that oversees libraries in the Florida locale told local papers they had been alerted to the existence of the fictitious readers at the East Lake County library by an "unidentified person".
An investigation by Lake County municipal staff found several bogus identities had been created by senior staff at the library - one dummy reader was named Chuck Finley after a retired major-league baseball player.
Reports seen by local newspapers revealed that Mr Finley had checked out more than 2,600 books in nine months.
Some titles had been checked out and returned within an hour.
In total, suggests the official report, the faked folks at the libraries boosted readership numbers at East Lake by almost 4%.
Readership numbers are important because they count towards the amount of official cash that libraries receive.
Last year, libraries in and around Lake County received about $1m (Â£820,000) from local government coffers.
In a statement seen by the Orlando Sentinel, the head librarian at East Lake said the false borrowers had been created only to retain titles staff knew were always popular.
Following the computer system's recommendations to ditch unread books would mean libraries re-purchasing titles they had only just thrown out, he said.
And, he alleged, many other libraries used "dummy" reader cards to do the same.
Digital activist Cory Doctorow said the logging system had become a "straitjacket" that rode roughshod over the views of staff who knew what readers wanted.
The librarians had not fooled the software for personal gain, he said.
"They did it because they wanted to make the system better, to teach it how to weight the circulation data to reflect the on-the-ground intelligence."


Rangers International Football Club has announced an operating profit of £300,000 in its unaudited results for the six months to 31 December 2016.

This compares favourably to a loss of £500,000 in the same period in 2015.
However, the pre-tax loss at Ibrox comes in at £278,000; down from the £333,000 from 12 months ago.
The main reason for this is "other charges" of £450,000 amid its costs, along with losses on "fixed assets" and "player registrations".
Revenue increased by £5.3m year on year to reach £16.3m thanks to bigger attendances, greater income from playing top-tier football and greater sponsorship and commercial income.
But operating expenses rose too, by £4.1m to £15.5m.
RIFC says additional funds are available if required by the club "during the current rebuilding phase".
But it intimates that no further investment in anticipated in the financial year ending in June, owing to the team's performances in the Scottish Premiership and the progression to the Scottish Cup semi-finals.
A statement on the Rangers website reads: "The club is well on its way to achieving a sustainable business model while continuing to invest in infrastructure and the player squad."


It is always a struggle for new singer-songwriters to get noticed in the industry but over the last few months Grammy Award nominee Joan Armatrading has been giving the next generation of stars a rare opportunity.

It is an opportunity that two young singers from Northern Ireland, who feature in an upcoming documentary, were lucky enough to receive.
"I've always been convinced that there are plenty of acts out there, solo artists and bands who are brilliant and they write their own music but who are not getting heard or at least not heard by very big audiences," Joan said.
"I thought I would like to try and help them," she said.
"I put out the word that I was looking for local acts, 56 of them to support me on the tour."
Two of those acts, Jason Clarke and Triona, who supported Joan feature in a new BBC Radio 2 documentary which follows their journey ahead of their performances.
Caitriona Carville, whose stage name is Triona, is 16, is from Teconnaught, outside Downpatrick, County Down. She began singing at an early age and performs in bars across Northern Ireland.
She supported Joan at her concert at Vicar Street in Dublin.
Triona is from a large family, she is one of eight children and has almost 80 first cousins so family sing-alongs have become a bit of a choir event.
"My family were delighted when they found out Joan had selected me, they thought it was a great opportunity.
"I've been song writing since I was 14, it's in my blood, my uncles and my dad all do song writing, it's just a way of expressing emotion," she said.
Triona writes her own songs and has recently released her first EP which she has been distributing to local radio stations.
"One song I wrote was about my brother going away to Australia, because we are such a close family and I decided to write a song," she said.
"It's called Please Come Home and well it didn't really work - he got his citizenship not that long ago."
Triona's parents are closely involved in their daughter's career and both of them are helping her.
For dad William, helping Triona has given him a new lease of life.
"A lot of years back I was having a wee bit of bother with drink so I stopped drinking and to keep my head occupied I lifted the guitar.
"Caitriona was the only one who couldn't escape because she was in a baby bouncer and I think that's when she was programmed with music. Her wee foot was just going to the beat.
"Looking back I've seen both sides of life. I've seen the pain, the downside, the depression with alcohol. I thought my life was over. Well now it's good fun. I wake up every morning and I'm happy," he said.
"Her singing has given me a new lease of life, travelling with her, setting up her gigs and doing all the things we are doing together."
As Triona's career begins to blossom, it brings challenges as well. Joan offered her some advice ahead of the gig.
"Joan has been a great help, she advised me to keep doing what I was doing. Keep gigging and to have the faith.
"She was also giving me advice on contracts and management and the business side of things," said Triona.
Triona's mum, Caitriona Sr, has some concerns about her daughter being taken advantage of in what is traditionally seen as a very tough industry.
"I've spent 29 years raising my children and I don't give them up easy," she said.
Jason Clarke, 26, from Belfast, works for a soft drinks company and he supported Joan with his band at the Millennium Forum in Londonderry.
"I read online that Joan was looking for acts to support her. I've grown up listening to her and thought it would be an honour to support her," he said.
"She listened to every single entry and chose some to support her. She wanted to give exposure to new acts to her audiences, which are always sold out. She also released a compilation CD with all of our songs on it," he said.
Jason said the first time he met Joan he was surprised how much she knew about him.
"We met Joan initially at Anfield in Liverpool.  I was at the catering van and out of the corner of my eye I saw Joan. She came straight over to me and said 'Hello Jason, I really like your songs', then she listed the four songs on my EP and she said she liked my music video. I couldn't believe it, she had such a genuine interest in me and my music," he said.
"She is very welcoming. When we got to Derry she came straight out to see me and chatted away, she wasn't one of these divas who hid away in her dressing room. it was like talking to your auntie."
Jason explained how his love for music began at an early age.
"When I was aged 10 or 11 at primary school I fancied this girl and she was in the choir so I thought I would maybe join the choir just so I could talk to her for the first time and from there I just started singing and the choir master saw something and asked me to do a solo in the school play that year. That's where it began.
"I went onto Methody and started writing poems and then turned them into songs," he said.
"Supporting Joan was a great experience. When she came on stage she was very kind and talked about how she liked my music."
Armatrading's Singer Songwriters will be broadcast on BBC Radio 2 on 11 February 2013 at 23:00 GMT. More information about the 56 singer-songwriters can be found on the Local Talent UK website.


A Quebec judge has placed a temporary pause on Montreal's controversial pitbull ban.

The ban is now on hold until Wednesday.
It was passed by the city council last week and came into effect on Monday amid an outcry by animal welfare groups and threats to boycott the city over the law.
The delay is a short-term win for the Montreal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, which is challenging the city in court over the new animal control by-law.
The SPCA is seeking a longer-term suspension from the Quebec Superior Court during which they plan to challenge the legality of the new by-law.
Alanna Devine, director of animal advocacy at the organisation, called the rules "draconian".
'We're simply not going to participate in a by-law we feel is not legal in terms of violating people's fundamental rights and basic principles of administrative law," she said.
She argued that among its issues, the ban defines pitbull breeds too broadly and will be too expensive for some dog owners who want to comply with the new rules.
The Quebec Order of Veterinarians and other animal welfare groups are supporting the SPCA's opposition. Opponents of the ban have also received support from US-based pitbull advocates and celebrities like actress and animal rights activist Pamela Anderson and singer Cyndi Lauper.
Pitbull ban supporters say the breed is uniquely dangerous and point to studies suggesting attacks by pitbulls and their closest relatives outnumber those of other breeds, as well as more likely to severely injure or kill the victim.
Montreal's push for a city-wide ban came in the wake of a fatal dog mauling last June in Pointe-aux-Trembles, a suburban community in Montreal's east-end, and the subsequent pressure from the victim's family to crackdown on aggressive dogs. Quebec is also considering a province-wide ban.
In the attack, 55-year-old Christiane Vadnais was mauled to death in her backyard by a neighbour's dog.
Farid Benzenati, who witnessed some of the mauling, told the Montreal Gazette he first thought the dog was playing with a toy.
"As I got closer I saw, I distinguished a body, the body of a woman, because I saw her hair," he said. "It was horrible."
Police had to shoot and kill the dog before paramedics could approach Ms Vadnais' body. She was declared dead on the scene.
Under the new by-law, new ownership of pitbulls is banned. Existing pitbulls have to be licensed by the end of the year.
By 31 March 2017, the dogs must be sterilised, micro-chipped and vaccinated. They must also be kept on a short leash and muzzled in public. Pitbull owners must undergo a criminal background check.
Montreal is not the first jurisdiction in Canada to implement a breed-specific ban.
The city of Winnipeg implemented a similar ban in 1990, and Ontario in 2005. A number of other smaller jurisdictions across the country also have so-called breed-specific legislation (BSL).
According to statistics compiled by DogsBite.org, a US charity that supports such bans, 36 US states and 41 countries worldwide have some form of BSL on the books, from mandatory sterilisation to outright bans on pitbulls and some other breeds.
Still, the laws are fiercely opposed by animal advocates in North America. Animal Alliance of Canada's Liz White argues it makes no sense to ban an entire breed over a few aggressive dogs.
"It's like taking a sledgehammer to a pea," she said.
In Toronto, where her organisation is based, Ms White said the ban has simply served to drive pitbull owners underground. Only about 30% of dogs in Toronto are licensed, according to Toronto Animal Services.
"We know they (pitbulls) are in Toronto because they end up in shelters," Ms White said.
And results of the decade-old ban are not conclusive. Data provided by the city show dog bites increased by 24% between 2014 and 2015.
Javier Schwersensky, chief executive of the Winnipeg Humane Society, admitted it was difficult to measure the impact of the city's 25-year-old pitbull ban on reducing the dangers caused by aggressive dogs.
"There will never be an agreement about the benefit or not of breed specific legislation. You will never get to the point of 100% conclusive evidence," he said.
"It's really about public sentiment, at the end of the day, how the public feels."
Meanwhile, the dog that killed Ms Vadnais might not in fact have been a pitbull.
Montreal police are still waiting for the results of a DNA test to confirm its breed.


Fire chiefs warned the public to take extra care in the dry weather, as the sunny spells coincided with the latest firefighters' strike.

The action took place between 1000 and 1700 BST as part of an ongoing national dispute over pension reforms.
People were urged to take care with barbecues and warned of the risk of accidentally starting grass fires.
The Welsh government said it was working with the fire authorities to minimise the impact of the strikes.
South Wales Fire and Rescue urged vigilance and issued safety advice, while North Wales Fire and Rescue warned because of the circumstances "services may be limited".
Before the strike, Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service said it had a number of staff who were not FBU-affiliated who would work as usual. It urged people to dial 999 in an emergency.
Assistant chief fire officer Rob Quin said:  "During the summer grass and mountains can become very dry which means if you deliberately or accidentally start a fire outdoors it will spread very quickly destroying everything in its path.
"A lot of people will be thinking about having a barbecue over the weekend and you need to make sure you have it in a suitable and safe area, never leave unattended and always extinguish properly."
The fire service also warned motorists to be vigilant on the roads, in a week in which four members of a family were killed in a tanker crash on the A44 between Llangurig in Powys and Ponterwyd in Ceredigion.
After the seven-hour strike, the service said it had attended nine incidents, including a fire and a flood.
Assistant Chief Fire Officer Richie Prendergast said he was pleased with how South Wales Fire and Rescue Service had managed its services.
"As expected, the number of firefighters from South Wales Fire and Rescue Service who chose to strike was high, which resulted in a large reduction in the resources that we had at our disposal.
"As such, we were unable to provide the same high level of response to incidents as we normally would and as a consequence prioritised our response to those in most critical need."
The FBU was taking part in its 14th strike since last September. It wants firefighters to be allowed to retire earlier than other workers from the physically demanding job.
Matt Wrack, general secretary called for a "more affordable, workable and fair pension scheme than is currently on offer" for Wales and England.
The Welsh government said it was committed to collective pensions arrangements which follow similar approaches to those being taken elsewhere in the UK.
"We continue to work with the three fire and rescue authorities on contingency plans to minimise the impact this strike will have on Wales," said a spokesman.


A draft report on the future of the Welsh national parks has been criticised by conservationists.

The Alliance for National Parks Cymru, which includes a number of conservation bodies, said it risks diminishing their international standing.
The Future Landscapes Wales (FLW) report has been produced by a group under the chairmanship of Lord Elis-Thomas, who refused to comment.
The Welsh Government said discussions were ongoing on the final report.
The RSPB and Welsh Wildlife Trusts (WWT) said they could not support the report in its current form.
Both bodies said there was much to support in the document, but added "we must convey how disappointed we are by the report".
The FLW working group was set up by the Welsh Government in 2015.
The RSPB and WWT said the report contained no clear proposals, and displayed a lack of acknowledgement on the urgent need to address the loss of biodiversity within protected landscapes.
The report - which was due to be published a fortnight ago but will now be unveiled at a later date - was seen by BBC Wales' Newyddion 9.
It states that "its desire is to unlock the full potential of all landscapes in Wales" and national parks and areas of outstanding natural beauty have a pivotal role to play in the future prosperity of the country.
It calls on more collaboration to create employment opportunities and says "communities need to be inspired to develop their own vision and long-term goals for the future to generate employment and create opportunities for young people to stay in and return to their communities".
But conservationists said they were concerned the report makes no mention of the "Sandford Principle" which states the main statutory purpose of national parks is to conserve and enhance the natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage of the area.
A Welsh Government spokesman said: "It is important to remember this is a draft version of the report.
"The Future Landscapes Wales Programme has been highly collaborative in nature and has involved a wide range of partners, who have contributed to the discussions and the drafting.
"These discussions are ongoing as a final report is prepared for publication before the summer recess."


One of Australia's biggest lenders, Westpac, has missed expectations and posted a cash profit of 3.78bn Australian dollars ($2.98bn; £1.96bn) for the six months to March.

The cash profit result, which is the bank's preferred performance measure, is unchanged from a year earlier.
The lender's net profit for the period was A$3.61bn, also unchanged from a year earlier.
Analysts said the results were poor and a "big miss".
Westpac is Australia's second-biggest lender by market value.
Chief executive Brian Hartzer, who took over from Gail Kelly in February, said low interest rates together with a lower Australian dollar and support from the housing sector would support the country's economy, but that he expected "growth to be uneven across different industry sectors and geographies".
Shares in the bank fell by more than 4.5% on the results as investors took in news.
"Although the headline cash profit looks solid, it was a big miss on market expectations," said Melbourne-based analysts Evan Lucas from IG Markets.
"What's more, the dividend was weaker than expected at A$0.93c a share."
Mr Lucas said Australia could be seeing the end of the mass expansion of dividends at the banks.
Australia's banks are among some of the most profitable of developed nations and survived the global financial crisis relatively unhurt.
However, a report published last year said Australian lenders needed to hold more capital to be able to survive future financial crises.
The Financial System Inquiry report singled out bank competition, increased capital levels and inefficient taxes for reform.
It also said there should be minimum education standards for financial advisers and recommended superannuation (pension fund) fees be reduced.
Westpac's Mr Hartzer said banking competition was set to remain intense, including from new entrants.
Westpac said it was continuing to build its operations in New Zealand and in Asia -  including in Singapore, Hong Kong and India.


French banks Societe Generale and Credit Agricole have reported robust rises in quarterly results, thanks to strong investment banking revenues.

A recovery in the European economy helped to give both banks a boost.
Strong sales from investment banking activities helped to propel Societe Generale's earnings five times higher than the same period last year, to €868m ($967m; £642bn).
Credit Agricole earned €784m in the first quarter.
Both banks beat analysts' forecasts with their quarterly results.
The European Central Bank's stimulus programme has helped to fuel volatile trading activity on financial markets in the region, which has helped to lift the earnings of Europe's banks.
In the first quarter of 2015,  Societe Generale saw income at its banking division rise 21% to €522m.
"Societe Generale enjoyed a good first quarter, marked by strong growth in commercial revenues and Group net income, testifying to our business model's potential for profitable growth, in line with our strategic objectives," said Frederic Oudea, chairman and chief executive.
Heavy losses in Russia had weighed on Societe Generale's results last year.
For Credit Agricole, corporate and investment banking activities yielded €320m in the first quarter of this year.
Jean-Paul Chifflet, chief executive of Credit Agricole, said the "good results were driven by a strong business momentum in all the business lines".
In Paris, Societe General shares closed down 2.3% lower in afternoon trading, while Credit Agricole shares climbed slightly.
Last week, fellow French bank BNP Paribas reported an 88% increase in its quarterly results, citing the economic recovery in Europe as a factor behind the rise.


Louis van Gaal has been named as Manchester United manager, with Ryan Giggs as his assistant.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Van Gaal, 62, has signed a three-year contract to succeed David Moyes.
The Dutchman, who has won titles with Ajax, Barcelona, Bayern Munich and AZ Alkmaar, will take charge at Old Trafford after leading the Netherlands at this summer's World Cup in Brazil.
I have managed in games at Old Trafford before and know what an incredible arena Old Trafford is and how passionate and knowledgeable the fans are
"This club has big ambitions. I too have big ambitions," he said. "Together I'm sure we will make history."
Van Gaal said he had always wanted to work in the Premier League.
He added: "To work as a manager for Manchester United, the biggest club in the world, makes me very proud.
"I have managed in games at Old Trafford before and know what an incredible arena Old Trafford is and how passionate and knowledgeable the fans are."
After ending the reign of Moyes in April after a troubled 10 months, United executive vice-chairman Ed Woodward is convinced he has appointed the right man this time.
"His track record of success in winning leagues and cups across Europe throughout his career makes him the perfect choice," said Woodward.
"In Louis van Gaal, we have secured the services of one of the outstanding managers in the game today.
"Old Trafford provides him with a fitting stage on which to write new chapters in the Manchester United story."
It seems Van Gaal has wasted no time in making his intentions clear.
"Louis has already communicated some great ideas for how the club can move forward," said United co-chairman Avie Glazer.
"The board is right behind him in his plans and everyone here is already looking forward to the start of next season."
Giggs, 40, who took charge for the final four games of the season following the departure of Moyes, met Van Gaal in the Netherlands last week to talk about his future.
Louis van Gaal is a world-class coach and I know I will learn a lot about coaching from being able to observe and contribute at such close quarters
His appointment as assistant marks the end of an illustrious playing career during which he won 34 major trophies in 802 starts and 161 substitute appearances.
"I am thrilled to have the chance to serve as assistant manager," said the Welshman.
"Louis van Gaal is a world-class coach and I know I will learn a lot about coaching from being able to observe and contribute at such close quarters.
"Manchester United has been a huge part of my life and I'm delighted to be able to continue that relationship in such a key role."
In addition to Giggs, it has also been confirmed Frans Hoek, the current Netherlands' goalkeeping coach who was instrumental in the development of Edwin van der Sar, will become Van Gaal's assistant coach, specialising in goalkeeping, whilst Marcel Bout has joined United as assistant coach, specialising in opposition scouting.
United finished seventh in the Premier League, after a title defence that featured one-sided defeats by Manchester City, Liverpool and Chelsea.
They have failed to qualify for the Champions League for the first time since 1995-96 and are out of European football entirely for the first time in 25 years.
Club legend Giggs, Real Madrid boss Carlo Ancelotti and Borussia Dortmund manager Jurgen Klopp had been linked to the post, but Van Gaal is the man trusted to restore the club to the top of the domestic and European game.
Former United assistant manager Mike Phelan told BBC Radio 5 live said: "He's got a big personality, but for a club like Manchester United that's what is required. You have to get on with the job and hit the ground running and I'm sure he will do that."
Known for employing an attacking style and his demands for discipline from his players, he came to prominence when he guided a young Ajax team, featuring Clarence Seedorf, Edgar Davids and Patrick Kluivert, to a Champions League final victory over AC Milan in 1995.
Van Gaal claimed in his 2009 autobiography he had been lined up to replace Sir Alex Ferguson at United in 2002, but the Scot changed his mind to continue at the helm for another 11 years.
He won two Spanish league titles with Barcelona, but failed to qualify for the 2002 World Cup with the Netherlands.
Van Gaal returned to Barca, but left the Catalans only three points above the relegation zone in La Liga when he was dismissed after half a season.
He revived his reputation back in his homeland, leading AZ Alkmaar to only the second Dutch title in their history, and then, in his first season in charge, took Bayern Munich to the German title and the Champions League final in 2010.
He was dismissed after results tailed off in the following campaign but laid the foundations for Bayern's current domination of German football by promoting young players such as midfielder Thomas Muller.
He has a strong relationship with United striker Robin van Persie, whom he installed as Netherlands captain in June 2013, and is expected to be given significant transfer funds to bring in new players as the club plot their path back to the top.
"I have been extremely impressed by his intelligence, thoughtful approach to the role and his diligence," said Woodward. "I am looking forward to working with him."
Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho praised Van Gaal's credentials and character.
"He is a great football manager and I am happy he joins me in the same country and the Premier League," said the Portuguese.
"But more important than that, he's a great guy, a great man and I wish him well."


A 19-year-old has died after being shot while sitting in a car in east London.

Officers were called by the ambulance service to reports of a man unconscious on Ilford Lane in Ilford on Tuesday night.
Despite the efforts of paramedics to save him, the man died at the scene.
It is the second fatal shooting of a teenager in London in a week. On Sunday, an 18-year-old was shot in the head in Barking, east London.
The man shot dead in Ilford has yet to be identified and a post-mortem examination will take place in due course.


Dan Blackwell - the younger brother of former British middleweight champion Nick - has retired from boxing after fearing for his sibling's life.

Nick Blackwell suffered a bleed on the skull in a loss to Chris Eubank Jr in March and was put in an induced coma.
Dan, 23, a journeyman who won only seven of his 61 fights but was stopped just once, decided to quit before learning his brother would recover.
"I thought my brother was dead - just that thought..," he said.
The father-of-two said he did not want to put his family through what he experienced when waiting for Nick to wake in hospital.
"What I went through with Nick was horrible," he added.
"I sent a message to my girlfriend [Chantelle]. I was a mess on the night, saying 'I'm sorry for what I put you through, if you felt 1% of what I'm feeling now. I'm never going to box again'."
Nick Blackwell woke from his coma on 2 April, calling it the "toughest fight of his life" but saying he held "no hard feelings" towards Eubank Jr.
The injuries the 25-year-old suffered mean he will never again fight as a professional, and Dan admits he is "upset" at the thought neither will box in the future.
"Not being able to do it again is horrible," added the full-time bricklayer, whose only stoppage defeat came against Welshman Liam Williams.
"My mum [Cindy] has never liked me and Nick boxing. But I've always done what Nick's done.
"I don't want to be still in boxing, fighting and all the rest of it, knowing he can't fight. With him, I don't think it's sunk in yet that he's not fighting anymore."


Only days into 2015, revelations continue to emerge from China on the anti-corruption front.

So far this year a powerful spy chief, the Nanjing party secretary and a top diplomat have been placed under investigation.
This suggests there will be no let-up in the campaign that has run relentlessly for two years under President Xi Jinping. So let's take stock of what's happened so far.
On 20 November 2012, soon after becoming Communist Party leader, Mr Xi made a speech.
"Lots of facts tell us that corruption is becoming more and more rampant, and eventually, the party and the country will fall.  We have to be vigilant", he warned.
Since then, Mr Xi - who hails from a revolutionary family and is tasked with keeping the party in power - appears to have propelled his anti-corruption campaign forwards with zeal.
And he famously promised to "catch both tigers and flies", making it clear that top ranking officials would not be spared.
Then he followed up: By far the biggest tiger caught so far is Zhou Yongkang, the former security chief. He has been stripped of party membership and handed over to the judiciary.
Ma Jian is also a big tiger: he was in charge of China's intelligence operations.
Another tiger is Ling Jihua, once a top aide to former president Hu Jintao and a hopeful for even higher office.
General Xu Caihou is a big army tiger - he used to be a politburo member and vice-chairman of the military commission.
According to the party's discipline watchdog, in 2014 alone some 23,464 people were disciplined for violating the party's anti-corruption regulations, from all levels of the party and state apparatus.
Wang Min, party secretary of Jinan City, made a televised speech about combating corruption on 18 December 2014; later that day he was taken away for investigation.
A similar fate hit Wan Qingliang, party secretary of Guangzhou. When the probe into him was announced in June 2014, many civil servants under him were at meetings studying a speech he had made the previous day.
Text messages about Wan's fate were passed around and the meetings had to come to a halt.
Many of the fallen officials have been accused of taking bribes - and many apparently prefer cash.
When Wei Pengyuan, a senior Energy Ministry official, was taken away in May 2014, investigators found cash in his house totalling more than 200m yuan (roughly Â£20m).
This, state media said, became the biggest cash haul in a corruption case since the communists took power in 1949.
Sixteen machines were used to count the cash, and four broke down due to the extensive heat.
Ma Junfei was appointed deputy director of Hohhot Railway Bureau in Inner Mongolia in 2009.
According to media reports, on average he took bribes every other day while on this job, accepting US dollars, Euro, British pounds and gold as well as the Chinese currency, his take totalling 130m yuan (Â£13m).
In order to hide these bribes, he had to purchase two houses in Beijing and Hohhot.
Ma Chaoqun used to be in charge of Beidaihe City water supplies, in Hebei province.
Nicknamed "water tiger", state media said he demanded money openly from any business opening in Beidaihe that needed to have water connected, including hotels, factories and party and government offices.
If the money was not enough, supplies would be cut off immediately.
After his downfall, cash totalling 120m yuan, 37kg of gold and 68 housing certificates were found in his possession.
Feng Yuexin, who worked as police chief in various departments in Qingdao, was given the death sentence in 2014 for protecting criminal gangs.
When his residence was searched, investigators found 1,853 bottles of Maotai, the national drink of China, among other things.
Feng reportedly loved the spirit, and would go to extraordinary lengths to obtain a good bottle, sometimes at 80,000 yuan a bottle (Â£8,000 ).
One estimate put the value of his Maotai collection at 2m yuan.
Feng was found to have embezzled public funds.
In December 2013, Wu Zhizhong, a senior official in Inner Mongolia, was given a life sentence for corruption.
Wu had 33 houses inside China and one house in Canada, far beyond what his salary could afford.  The keys to these houses filled a handbag, according to Chinese media reports.
On 31 March 2014, Xinhua reported that Gu Junshan, a top PLA official, had been turned over to the military court on corruption charges. This came as no surprise, as it confirmed earlier reports by a financial journal.
Journalist Wang Heyan first broke the news that Gu was in trouble. As chief investigative reporter for Caixin magazine, she pushed hard between 2012 and 2014 to examine Gu's business empire and personal wealth. Her findings caused a stir across the country.
In Gu's house, case after case of Maotai was found, plus a model ship, a basin and a Mao Zedong statue all made of gold.
His mansion is nicknamed "Forbidden City", after the ancient imperial palace, because of its grand style.
Xi Jinping's anti-corruption campaign has so far won popular support, but ordinary citizens seeking greater transparency have not always been welcomed by the authorities.
The New Citizens Movement made public calls for government officials to disclose their assets.
This did not happen. Instead, group founder Xu Zhiyong was jailed for four years in January 2014 on public disorder charges. Several other members have since been given jail terms.
Foreign newspapers examining Chinese leaders' fortunes, including Xi Jinping's, have also been penalised by the authorities, from having their websites blocked to being refused visas for journalists.
It seems that the anti-corruption battle is complex, and those not singing from the same hymn sheet as Mr Xi are heavily frowned upon.


A "bomb-like" device has been destroyed in a controlled explosion in central Oslo, police have said.

Officers cordoned off a large part of the Gronland area on Saturday evening, before the bomb squad detonated the suspect device.
A police spokesman said the noise was "louder" than their explosives alone would have caused. A suspect is in custody.
Police were already on alert after an attack in Sweden on Friday.
A truck ploughed into a Stockholm department store, killing four people and injuring 15 more.
It was the worst attack to hit the Nordic region since the far-right extremist Anders Brevik killed 77 people in Norway in 2011.
Swedish police confirmed on Saturday they had found an unknown device on the driver's seat in the abandoned lorry, which they were testing.
The device in Oslo was capable of causing only limited damage, police said. The investigation has been handed over to Norway's Police Security Service.


In-form striker Gavin Massey scored an 88th-minute leveller and set up Sandro Semedo's stoppage-time winner as Leyton Orient won 3-2 at second-placed Plymouth Argyle in League Two.

Antoni Sarcevic fired Argyle into a 10th-minute lead from close range after target man Ryan Taylor nodded down left-back Gary Sawyer's deep far-post cross.
Sarcevic later hobbled off with an ankle injury - on 37 minutes - and within six minutes Orient levelled.
Left-winger Massey took his tally to three goals in three games with a superb solo effort, cutting in before letting fly with a low 18-yard shot into the far corner.
On-loan Cardiff City winger Matty Kennedy restored Argyle's lead on 53 minutes, smashing home from outside the box for his second goal in two home games.
On the hour Kennedy curled another 18 yarder off the outside of the post with O's teenage keeper Sam Sargeant beaten.
Orient, who were without a win this year before Tuesday, equalised when Massey thumped home from Sandro's cross and completed the comeback when Semedo tapped home the winner in the last of four minutes of stoppage-time.
Report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Plymouth Argyle 2, Leyton Orient 3.
Second Half ends, Plymouth Argyle 2, Leyton Orient 3.
Goal!  Plymouth Argyle 2, Leyton Orient 3. Sandro Semedo (Leyton Orient) left footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner.
Foul by Ryan Taylor (Plymouth Argyle).
Tom Parkes (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Jake Jervis (Plymouth Argyle) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Sandro Semedo (Leyton Orient).
Attempt saved. Nauris Bulvitis (Plymouth Argyle) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Corner,  Plymouth Argyle. Conceded by Nicky Hunt.
Attempt blocked. David Fox (Plymouth Argyle) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Goal!  Plymouth Argyle 2, Leyton Orient 2. Gavin Massey (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from the right side of the six yard box to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Sam Dalby.
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Jake Jervis.
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Oscar Threlkeld.
Attempt blocked. Sam Dalby (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Nauris Bulvitis (Plymouth Argyle) hits the right post with a with an attempt from a difficult angle and long range on the right.
Corner,  Plymouth Argyle. Conceded by Tom Parkes.
Attempt blocked. Jake Jervis (Plymouth Argyle) right footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked.
Attempt saved. Gavin Massey (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Matthew Kennedy (Plymouth Argyle) is shown the yellow card.
Foul by Nauris Bulvitis (Plymouth Argyle).
Sam Dalby (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Gary Sawyer (Plymouth Argyle).
Sam Dalby (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Plymouth Argyle. Jake Jervis replaces Graham Carey.
Liam Kelly (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Ryan Taylor (Plymouth Argyle).
Attempt missed. Sam Dalby (Leyton Orient) left footed shot from the left side of the box is just a bit too high.
Attempt blocked. Gavin Massey (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Luke McCormick.
Attempt saved. Josh Koroma (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the top right corner.
Attempt blocked. Gavin Massey (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Yann Songo'o.
Liam Kelly (Leyton Orient) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Ryan Donaldson (Plymouth Argyle) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Liam Kelly (Leyton Orient).
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Jakub Sokolik.
Attempt saved. Gavin Massey (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner.
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Yann Songo'o.
Attempt blocked. Gavin Massey (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked.
Yann Songo'o (Plymouth Argyle) wins a free kick in the defensive half.


A teenager charged with operating a fake medical practice in the US state of Florida has said he was just trying to help people through alternative medicine.

Malachi Love-Robinson, 18, was arrested after examining and providing medical advice to an undercover police officer.
He was released on bail on Wednesday.
Mr Love-Robinson has denied that he posed as a medical doctor and said he only used the title because he had obtained a PhD online.
"This was me simply trying to do something for the community in a light that I saw that was needed," he told WPTV, a West Palm Beach news channel.
"Honestly, if you ask me many people are getting tired of hearing that they have to take a script just to feel better."
The website of the New Birth New Life Medical Center describes him as a "well rounded professional".
In January 2015, at the age of 17, he was reportedly caught walking around a local hospital wearing a white coat and carrying a stethoscope.
He has been charged with practising without a medical licence, and theft, after allegedly stealing and forging three cheques from an elderly woman who sought treatment for stomach pain.
In a brief media conference on Wednesday evening, he said he was "deeply saddened and a little disrespected" by the accusations and asked for privacy.
Mr Love-Robinson has since insisted in media interviews that he has certifications to practise alternative medicine, including naturopathy.
Scans of certificates from the American Alternative Medical Association and American Association of Drugless Practitioners had previously been posted to his Facebook page, which now appears to have been taken down.
But the state of Florida no longer offers naturopathy licenses and only licensed doctors are allowed to offer such services in the state.
Mr Love-Robinson said he became interested in alternative medicine while suffering from illnesses during childhood.
According to the Palm Beach Post, he claims to suffer from the auto-immune disease lupus, while a post on his Facebook page earlier this month said he was suffering from kidney cancer.
The Palm Beach County sheriff's office says Mr Love-Robinson examined an 86-year-old in December who suffered from severe stomach pain.
He allegedly diagnosed her with arthritis and sold her vitamins, receiving more than $3,000 (Â£2,090) for a series of home visits.
During one visit, she told police, he called an ambulance to take her to hospital and is alleged to have stolen and forged cheques worth nearly $2,800 after she left her purse and house keys with him.


Ireland clinched a 4-3 victory over France in their opening game at the EuroHockey Championships in London.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Kyle Good put the Irish ahead in the first minute but the French hit back with goals from Jean-Laurent Keiffer and Gaspard Baumgarten.
Peter Caruth equalised with a rebound finish and Jonathan Bruton's shot sneaked across the line to make it 3-2 before Shane O'Donoghue added a fourth.
Simon Brisac Martin pulled one back but Ireland held on for the points.
Good gave Ireland the perfect start in the Pool B encounter at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, netting just seconds into the game.
Irish keeper Davy Harte made a good save to deny Martin before Keiffer redirected a powerful shot into the net four minutes before half-time.
France moved in front within seconds of the restart with Baumgarten firing high past Harte.
Caruth followed up his shot to convert the rebound while goalline technology was required to confirm Bruton had indeed scored Ireland's third goal.
Martin set up a tense finale and France pressed for the leveller but Ireland held firm to secure a winning start.
Ireland, who need to win the tournament to ensure a place at the Rio Olympics, are back in Pool B action on Sunday against Germany.
"It was a good win and we played well in phases," said Ireland coach Craig Fulton.
"France are a very attacking team and scored some good goals. The result was important for us but we need to improve in every game and we're keen to do that."


A light from a flame at what is believed to be the birthplace of Jesus has arrived in Leicestershire in memory of teenager Kayleigh Haywood.

Kayleigh, 15, was found dead in a field near Ibstock in November after a huge police search across the county.
The so-called Peace Light is carried from Bethlehem to locations around the world in a tradition which began in 1986.
A 28-year-old man has been charged with her rape and murder.
Another 27-year-old was charged with grooming and two counts of sexual activity with a child.
Updates on this story and more from Leicestershire
The flame arrived at St Laurence Church in Measham on Tuesday evening, in time for a short service led by the Reverend Linda Cox.
"A candle was lit for the family and another two candles were lit for churches in Ibstock as well as several for our church, which will remain lit until after the Christmas period," she said.
"The service was a chance for people to come together to receive some comfort and hope," she added.
Kayleigh lived in Measham and a vigil attended by her family was held after her body was found.


Plans to build a supermarket on a former brewery site in Cumbria have been given the go-ahead.

Proposals for the store in Brewery Street in Ulverston were put on hold last year after campaigners opposing the scheme won the right for a judicial review into the planning permission.
Keep Ulverston Special said the store would "suck away" trade from the town.
Members of South Lakeland District Council's planning committee voted in favour of the proposals on Thursday.
Ulverston councillor Janette Jenkinson said: "I will be supporting this because I don't want to see Ulverston become the dormant town to Barrow which is what will happen if we don't actually attract more footfall and more visitors to the town."
The plans would involve demolishing much of the old Robinson's brewery site and building the 20,000 sq ft store, which would be rented out to a major supermarket chain.
Keep Ulverston Special said the development would "utterly destroy" the heritage brewery site and many shops would close as they would not be able to withstand the diversion of trade from a supermarket.
Speaking after the meeting, campaigner Cerri Hutton said: "Planning committees are human beings and I don't think they liked being challenged and I don't think they liked being found wrong.
"Looking at that and the failure to grapple with the real issues that they should have grappled with, I think a lot of that was to do with feeling slightly sore to be honest about what had happened before."