Mo Diame and substitute Christian Atsu scored in each half to take Newcastle back to the top of the table.

Diame opened the scoring when he ran from the halfway line, played a neat one-two with Isaac Hayden and slid the ball in from inside the area.
Atsu made the game safe nine minutes after coming off the bench when he scored from Yoann Gouffran's cross.
The Magpies had allowed Wigan back into it in the second half as Will Grigg went close with a header from a corner.
Newcastle came into the match knowing that a win would see them reclaim top spot by one point from Brighton, who won 3-2 at Blackburn on Tuesday night.
They made the breakthrough midway through the first half when Diame's powerful run took him to the edge of the Wigan area, where Hayden helped the former Latics player open the scoring.
The Magpies failed to capitalise on the lead however and let Wigan play their way back into the match.
However, the struggling hosts failed to really test Karl Darlow so the Newcastle goalkeeper kept himself busy by setting up the crucial second goal.
His clearance to the left wing found Gouffran and his cross eluded the entire Wigan defence, allowing Atsu the time to take a touch with his right foot before powering a fierce left-foot shot into the net.
The result leaves the Latics 23rd in the table, four points from safety.
Wigan midfielder David Perkins told BBC Radio Manchester:
"I thought we started a bit nervous, a bit anxious and then going 1-0 down the gaffer said at half-time we were going to go after them.
"We huffed and puffed a bit after the break and pretty much threw everything we had at them, but in the end the second goal kills us a bit.
"We've not been outplayed in many games here, but we find ourselves in the position we are, so we can't keep saying that week-in, week-out.
"It's just the win that's the most important thing we're under pressure for. The crowd were great tonight and were right behind us."
Newcastle manager Rafael Benitez told BBC Newcastle:
"I'm really pleased as it was a difficult game and we knew we were playing against a team towards the bottom of the table, but at the same time, a team that was playing well.
"So, we needed to stay compact and work very hard in defence in order to be sure we could regain possession and play counter-attack.
"We did that more or less in the first half and in the second half, they pushed and made it more difficult.
"But, the changes we made gave us more pace and the second goal was perfect timing as we were suffering under pressure."
Match ends, Wigan Athletic 0, Newcastle United 2.
Second Half ends, Wigan Athletic 0, Newcastle United 2.
Jamaal Lascelles (Newcastle United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Craig Davies (Wigan Athletic).
Attempt missed. Craig Davies (Wigan Athletic) right footed shot from the left side of the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by William Grigg.
Attempt saved. Christian Atsu (Newcastle United) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Vurnon Anita.
Corner,  Newcastle United. Conceded by Andy Kellett.
Mohamed Diamé (Newcastle United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Max Power (Wigan Athletic).
Substitution, Newcastle United. Ayoze Pérez replaces Dwight Gayle.
Substitution, Wigan Athletic. Craig Davies replaces Shaun MacDonald.
Foul by Christian Atsu (Newcastle United).
Stephen Warnock (Wigan Athletic) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Goal!  Wigan Athletic 0, Newcastle United 2. Christian Atsu (Newcastle United) left footed shot from the centre of the box to the top left corner. Assisted by Yoan Gouffran.
Christian Atsu (Newcastle United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by David Perkins (Wigan Athletic).
Attempt missed. Michael Jacobs (Wigan Athletic) right footed shot from outside the box is too high. Assisted by Yanic Wildschut.
Foul by Paul Dummett (Newcastle United).
Andy Kellett (Wigan Athletic) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Dwight Gayle (Newcastle United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Dan Burn (Wigan Athletic).
Substitution, Newcastle United. Christian Atsu replaces Matt Ritchie.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Substitution, Wigan Athletic. Dan Burn replaces Craig Morgan because of an injury.
Delay in match Craig Morgan (Wigan Athletic) because of an injury.
Attempt missed. Jake Buxton (Wigan Athletic) header from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Andy Kellett with a cross.
Attempt missed. Shaun MacDonald (Wigan Athletic) right footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Michael Jacobs with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Wigan Athletic. Conceded by Karl Darlow.
Attempt saved. Andy Kellett (Wigan Athletic) left footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Foul by Yoan Gouffran (Newcastle United).
Andy Kellett (Wigan Athletic) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Mohamed Diamé (Newcastle United).
Stephen Warnock (Wigan Athletic) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. William Grigg (Wigan Athletic) header from the left side of the six yard box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Michael Jacobs with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Wigan Athletic. Conceded by Jamaal Lascelles.
Attempt saved. Jonjo Shelvey (Newcastle United) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Yoan Gouffran.
Attempt missed. William Grigg (Wigan Athletic) header from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Michael Jacobs with a cross.
Attempt blocked. Yoan Gouffran (Newcastle United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Mohamed Diamé.
Attempt missed. Shaun MacDonald (Wigan Athletic) header from the centre of the box is just a bit too high. Assisted by Michael Jacobs with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Wigan Athletic. Conceded by Isaac Hayden.


Is the system in place to manage dangerous offenders when they are released from prison keeping people safe?

Hetty Lewis's son, David Alun Lewis, was murdered in March 2014.
"It was horrendous," she explains. "The liaison officers came on the Thursday night to tell us that he had been killed the previous evening. There were over 80 injuries to his head and his body and the man dumped him in the River Taff. It was a terrible, terrible, brutal death."
In the living room of her home in Ystrad Mynach in south Wales, she sits holding her husband Glyn's hand as they describe the impact of their son's murder. "I can't explain it. It's too emotional. Sometimes it feels as if it's a nightmare."
David was 45 when he was killed. Hetty remembers him as "very reserved, deep-thinking and very thoughtful".
A worker in the nuclear industry, he spent much of his life battling alcoholism and depression and would sometimes stay in hostels. He was described in court as "vulnerable".
"He was a very, very intelligent young man," his mother told the BBC, "but he suffered a lot from anxiety and depression and consequently I think he took to drink.
"He left us a few days before he was murdered because the doctors stopped the medication and he was desperate. The only other thing was drink and he went down to stay at one of the hostels in Cardiff."
It was while he was staying in a homeless centre in the city that he met the man who was to kill him.
Gareth Wyn Jones, then aged 28, had recently been released from prison. He was jailed for six years in 2011 following an attack on his former girlfriend, and had a history of drug and mental health problems.
Because of his conviction, Jones fell under the care of Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements, known as Mappas.
The Mappa system is designed to assess and manage the risk posed by the most serious sexual and violent offenders, and reduce the chances of them re-offending. It requires the police, probation, prisons and other agencies to work together to assess the level of risk, share information and put a joint plan in place.
Jones told professionals that he was anxious about being let out, fearing he would relapse into drug abuse if placed into a homeless hostel. It was agreed that he needed permanent accommodation in order to access mental health treatment.
But no accommodation was found and he was placed in a homeless centre in Cardiff without access to mental health support. Within five days of being released, he murdered David Lewis. A serious case review into the circumstances of the killing has been undertaken.
Latest available government figures show a rise in reoffending by criminals managed under the Mappa system. In 2013-14, 174 registered sex offenders and violent criminals under probation supervision were charged with a serious further offence - a 17% increase on the previous year, and the highest level in four years.
Figures show that this type of reoffending increased each year between 2010-11 - when 134 Mappa-eligible offenders, supervised by probation trusts, were charged - and 2012-13, when the figure was 149.
Five live Investigates heard concerns from anonymous probation staff that Mappa cases are not being given the scrutiny they need. One told the programme: "We spend 10 to 15 minutes discussing each case at Mappa when it used to be an hour per case."
Another told the programme that "trainees are now holding Mappa cases and don't have the experience to manage these".
But there are also worries that some dangerous individuals are failing to be picked up by the system in the first place.
Seventeen-year-old Georgia Williams was murdered in 2013 by Jamie Reynolds. Several years earlier he had attempted a similar attack on another young woman and had previously been assessed as "a significant risk to others".
While various agencies had been working with Reynolds since 2008, he was not under Mappa procedures. But a recently published serious case review suggests that he should have been.
The report stated: "It is possible that Mappa management could have helped ensure a co-ordinated, multi-agency approach which may have led to a clearer understanding of risk issues and how they may have been managed."
Georgia's mother, Lynnette Williams, told the BBC: "If they had, then Reynolds would have been on the radar of these people. All sorts of agencies would then have been involved properly and perhaps he wouldn't be in the position he's in, as well as Georgia."
Earlier this week, HM Inspectorate of Probation published a wider review of the multi-agency arrangements. It found improvements in its processes, such as a lead agency taking charge of each case, agencies being held to account, and minutes of Mappa meetings improving.
Chief inspector of probation Paul Wilson said: "Recommendations from the last inspection had been substantially implemented and overall the quality of work was improved."
However, the report noted continuing areas of concern. It found that risk management plans "were still not good enough". It also said that probation staff do not have enough computer terminals to access a central database holding information about offenders who pose a serious risk of harm.
A Ministry of Justice spokesman said the chief inspector of probation's report recognised that in the majority of cases offenders were being managed appropriately, but added that the ministry was already working to implement the report's recommendations.
"Mappa manage some of the highest risk offenders in the community, and less than 1% go on to be charged with a serious further offence," the spokesman added.
Of the decision not to refer Jamie Reynolds to Mappa, the Ministry of Justice said: "This was a tragic case and we will address its findings in our review of the Mappa national guidance."
5 live Investigates is on BBC Radio 5 live at 11:00 GMT on Sunday 25 October. Listen online or download the programme podcast.


English international and domestic cricket will be shown live on BBC TV for the first time in 21 years from 2020.

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In a five-year deal with the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB), more than 100 hours of cricket will be broadcast each summer.
The contract includes live TV coverage of England men and women's Twenty20 internationals and the ECB's new men's domestic T20 tournament.
TV highlights of England men's home Tests, one-day internationals and T20s will also be shown.
The BBC, which this year celebrates Test Match Special's 60th birthday, also retained radio rights and digital clips for English cricket.
Digital clips mean in-play video action clips and short-form highlights on the BBC Sport website and app for all England internationals and domestic games.
The BBC last broadcast live televised cricket in 1999 and the sport has not been available on free-to-air TV since the 2005 Ashes series, shown on Channel 4.
"It's long been our ambition to bring live cricket back to BBC television," said BBC director general Tony Hall. "I'm thrilled to see that ambition realised.
"Cricket is an integral part of the British summer and the BBC will be putting its full weight behind the nation's favourite summer sport.
"Our aim will be to make the new T20 competition a huge success."
Each summer from 2020 to 2024, the BBC will broadcast live TV coverage of:
The BBC will also show:
Barbara Slater, director of BBC Sport, said: "This will lead to a step change in the BBC's coverage of cricket across TV, radio and digital platforms.
"We are extremely excited about what we have to offer by taking cricket to the widest possible audience and inspiring the next generation to pick up bat and ball.
"With 97% of the UK population using the BBC every week, the potential for growing the game further is huge."
The ECB's deal with the BBC and Sky is worth £1.1bn.
Sky will broadcast live TV coverage of Tests, England men's and women's internationals, plus the One-Day Cup and the County Championship.
ECB chief executive Tom Harrison said: "Together, these new deals will deliver the partnership, distribution and investment that will fuel the future of our game, driving recreational, professional and international cricket for years to come.
"BBC are valuable long-term partners, bringing cricket to listeners, viewers and a new digital audience.
"We are delighted they will go to another level with live coverage of international and domestic T20 - men's and women's - alongside prime-time highlights shows and a commitment to taking the game to even wider audiences."
BBC cricket correspondent Jonathan Agnew on Radio 5 live
The ECB has recognised the need to show free-to-air cricket - the game urgently needs it.
When Channel 4 lost the rights in 2005, there is no doubt participation levels and awareness of the game slumped dramatically.
That, and the fact it has a new tournament starting in 2020, is what prompted the ECB to bring this deal forward.
The new tournament needs this coverage and exposure - this is why the ECB was keen to get it on terrestrial television.
This deal has raised over a billion pounds, which is a huge amount for English cricket.
Importantly, the BBC will show highlights of all England home internationals at prime time, which is a significant change from the usual late-night schedule.
Former England bowler Ryan Sidebottom called the deal "fantastic" news.
Speaking on the 5 live Friday Sports Panel, Sidebottom said: "I think it's much-needed. After the 2005 Ashes, the intake of children taking up cricket has slowly gone downhill so I think it's amazing for cricket.
"It's great for the players, it's great for international cricket, the fans. It's great for county cricket that players will get to showcase their talents on free-to-air TV, which is fantastic.
"It is difficult in modern society with mortgages and the cost of living.
"I grew up watching Test matches and one-day games on television - hopefully it'll grow more and more popular with the younger generation watching it on television."


Jockey Lizzie Kelly completed a Cheltenham double on New Year's Day as Agrapart won the Relkeel Hurdle.

Kelly went past favourite L'Ami Serge in the final strides, having earlier won the opener on Coo Star Sivola.
Willy Twiston-Davies joined an elite list of jockeys to have ridden a winner at Royal Ascot and Cheltenham when scoring with handicap hurdler Cogry.
Meanwhile, 50-1 shot Tour Des Champs gave trainer Samuel Drinkwater a winner with his first runner at the track.
Whisper beat Clan Des Obeaux to land the Dipper Novices' Chase.
Kelly - riding for her stepfather, trainer Nick Williams - has called for female riders to be given more opportunities.
She had previously described her season as "pants" with only three winners before these two victories at Cheltenham
"It's been a tough season and I'm just glad we've come here today and the hard work of everyone has paid off," she said after 16-1 shot Agrapart defeated L'ami Serge, ridden by Daryl Jacob, to seal a 92.5-1 double.
Five professional female jump jockeys enjoyed wins around the country on New Year's Day- Kelly joined by Lucy Alexander, Lucy Gardner, Megan Carberry and Bridget Andrews.
Twiston-Davies teamed up with his trainer father Nigel for his first win over the jumps at Cheltenham, six months after partnering Primitivo to victory at Flat racing's blue riband Ascot meeting.
"It's really really special," said the 6ft tall jockey, who grew up 12 miles from the course.
Tour Des Champs was the second winner of a fledgling career for ex-amateur jockey Drinkwater, who has a stable of nine horses.
"I've been training about a month and that's my sixth runner. The old heart skipped a few beats and I thought I was dreaming it," he said.
Former top hurdler Whisper, ridden by Davy Russell for trainer Nicky Henderson, could be aimed at the JLT Novices' Chase at the Cheltenham Festival in March.
"He jumped great, he knows what he is doing," Russell told ITV after the first race broadcast by the channel in more than 30 years.
Cornelius Lysaght, BBC racing correspondent
New Year's Day, and inevitably thoughts turn to what can be better in the months ahead.
For racing, it's the constant battle to gain the level of appreciation to the wider sporting psyche it feels it deserves. With horses like Thistlecrack and likeable, articulate characters like Lizzie Kelly, it'll feel it has a decent chance in 2017.
However, Kelly is nowhere near just a woman making an impression in a male-dominated world: both these wins showcased her riding talents. The first very well-judged, the second a demonstration of genuine strength in the saddle.


Jose Mourinho's one-game stadium ban was handed out because of an abusive rant at referee Jonathan Moss during Chelsea's defeat by West Ham.

Mourinho, 52, chose not to appeal against the punishment, which was for the "persistent and/or aggressive nature of the reported behaviour".
The Chelsea boss first refused to leave the referee's dressing room.
The referee reported Mourinho then shouted: "You [expletive] referees are weak… Wenger is right about you."
"I asked him to leave the dressing room area," Moss wrote in his report. "He refused. I asked him again. After he refused I asked Mr Sutton [West Ham's security manager] to escort him from the room.
"At this point Mr Mourinho became very aggressive and animated. He shouted that you [expletive] referees are weak... Wenger is right about you... you are [expletive] weak."
Mourinho will serve his ban when his side - currently 15th in the Premier League - take on Stoke at the Britannia Stadium on Saturday evening.
Wenger called referee Mike Dean "weak" and "naive" following Arsenal's 2-0 defeat by Chelsea in September.
The Frenchman received no punishment for his words, a fact which Mourinho brought up when he was fined £50,000 for saying referees were "afraid" to award his side penalties following their loss to Southampton.
Asked about his stadium ban on Friday Mourinho said: "This stadium ban is connected to words, to complaints.
"I can imagine that in the future we are going to have lots of managers with stadium bans, because the stadium bans should be related to something really serious."
The Football Association, which made its decision to ban Mourinho on 2 November, said statements by assistant referees and the fourth official at Upton Park also stated the Chelsea manager was asked to leave the dressing room twice, and confirmed the language he used.
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Mourinho "showed a total lack of respect for the match officials and the sanctuary of their changing room," according to the FA statement.
The panel decided a touchline ban or an extended touchline ban was not sufficient punishment because Mourinho - who was also fined £40,000 - would still be able to access the dressing room.
"To only order a touchline ban would have the potential of enabling Mr Mourinho to commit a similar offence," the statement added.
At the time of the disciplinary process, Mourinho was still appealing against a separate incident where he was charged for comments made after his side's defeat at home to Southampton.
"We did not consider that matter as part of our deliberations as to the appropriate sanction," said the FA, which turned down the appeal for the Southampton offence on 5 November.
However, the FA said it took into account "his disappointing record of misconduct to date" but took kindly to Mourinho's decision to turn down a personal hearing.


The remains of Chile's Nobel Prize-winning poet Pablo Neruda are being exhumed on Monday in a bid to determine the cause of his death after his assistant alleged he was murdered by Gen Augusto Pinochet's military regime, the BBC's Gideon Long reports from Isla Negra.

Pablo Neruda's bones are interred in the garden of Isla Negra, his beloved beach house on Chile's Pacific coast. He is buried next to his wife and muse, Matilde Urrutia.
The poet died aged 69 on 23 September 1973, just 12 days after Gen Pinochet's military coup.
His death certificate says he died of prostate cancer, a view widely accepted for nearly four decades.
But his former personal assistant Manuel Araya says the poet was given a lethal injection in hospital.
Mr Araya says Neruda, a communist, was about to go into exile in Mexico from where he planned to lead the global opposition to the military dictatorship in his homeland.
"Until the day I die I will not alter my story," Mr Araya told the BBC.
"Neruda was murdered. They didn't want Neruda to leave the country so they killed him."
Cancer or poison?
Mr Araya's allegations have been taken seriously. Following an investigation, a judge decided there were sufficient grounds to warrant the poet's exhumation.
The forensic experts who are examining Neruda's remains say they will search for two things above all.
Firstly, they will look for evidence of cancer in the poet's bones. That would suggest the disease was at an advanced stage, and would support - although not prove - the theory that it caused his death.
Secondly, they will look for signs of toxins, the discovery of which would lend weight to Mr Araya's claims.
It will not be easy.
Nearly 40 years have passed since Neruda died and his organs and soft tissue have long since decomposed.
"The passage of time makes our job difficult," said Dr Patricio Bustos, director of Chile's Medical Legal Service, a state body overseeing the exhumation and examinations.
"But on the other hand there have been technological advances over the past 30 or 40 years that can help us."
Forensic dentist and anthropologist Claudia Garrido-Varas says that even though 40 years have passed, there are still things that can be found in the remains through toxicological analysis.
"If poison was used it would depend on the type of poison, the amount used and the number of doses administered."
The job of the forensics team has been made more difficult by an absence of medical records from the hospitals where Neruda was treated.
He died in the Santa Maria hospital in the capital, Santiago.
According to newspaper reports from the time, the hospital issued a medical bulletin stating he died of heart failure.
But the hospital says no record of that bulletin remains, and the poet's death certificate makes no mention of heart failure.
A few months before Mr Neruda died, the Chilean media reported that he underwent surgery at another Santiago hospital.
But officials at that hospital say there is no record of that, either.
The judge investigating Neruda's death has even sought medical records in France, where the poet was treated in the early 1970s while serving as Chile's ambassador in Paris.
Nothing has been found.
Mr Araya and the Chilean Communist Party say the absence of such records is deeply suspicious, particularly given Neruda's stature as a Nobel Prize winner and senior diplomat.
Mystery injection
Despite the passage of time, Mr Araya says he remembers clearly what happened in the days after the military coup.
He says Neruda was admitted to hospital on 19 September 1973, and was due to fly to Mexico on 24 September.
"On the morning of 23 September, Matilde and I went back to Isla Negra to collect some of his belongings," he recalls.
"While we were there we received a phone call from Neruda in the clinic.
"He said 'Come back here quickly! While I was sleeping a doctor came in and gave me an injection in the stomach.'"
Mr Araya says he and Matilde drove back to Santiago immediately. "Neruda died at around 2230 that evening," he remembers.
Matilde Urrutia died in 1985. She always denied her husband died of cancer but never publicly alleged he was murdered.
The Pablo Neruda Foundation, which oversees the poet's estate, insists he died of cancer but says it will cooperate with the exhumation and tests.
Murky history
It would be easy to dismiss the murder allegations as implausible were it not for Chile's recent history.
In 2009, six people were charged in connection with the death of former Chilean president Eduardo Frei Montalva.
Mr Frei Montalva was treated in the same hospital where Neruda died. There, Mr Frei Montalva received routine surgery in 1981, at the height of Gen Pinochet's military rule.
He never came out alive.
An investigating judge ruled he was poisoned with thallium and mustard gas.
In December 2010, the remains of former Interior Minister Jose Toha were exhumed as part of an investigation into his death in 1974.
The military said he had committed suicide by hanging himself in a hospital wardrobe. But in October of last year an investigating judge concluded he was strangled.
It will be several months yet before the forensics experts reach their conclusions about how Neruda died.
Given the poet's standing as one of the great figures of Latin American literature, those conclusions are likely to resonate around the world.


There's growing evidence that a landmark flat-topped hill in Dumfriesshire was the site of the first major battle of the Roman invasion of Scotland.

Archaeologists have been trying for 300 years to assess the role of Burnswark in the Roman occupation.
New excavations suggest the truth is more bloody than had been thought up to now.
Burnswark rises a thousand feet from the Solway plain and is clearly visible from miles around.
On its summit the remains of a native hill fort.  On the north and south slopes, two huge Roman camps capable of housing 6,000 soldiers or more.  But what went on here?
One theory is that the Romans used the abandoned fort to train their men in weaponry - an early firing range.  Another suggests that the fort was still occupied by local tribespeople and came under prolonged siege to starve them out.
But new evidence points to a third - much bloodier - version of events.
Lead archaeologist Andrew Nicholson believes it was the first assault in the Roman invasion of Scotland around 140 AD.
"What this probably is, is the start of the Antonine push from Hadrian's Wall, conquering all of southern Scotland," he said.
"After the emperor Hadrian has died the new emperor Antoninus Pius needs a victory as the incoming emperor.
"Southern Scotland is beyond the wall, beyond the borders, it is barbarian and Burnswark and the rest of Annandale and everywhere south of the Forth-Clyde line is its intended target."
A two-week dig last summer is being following by another now.
I would suspect that probably nobody survived this and the Roman army moved on into the rest of Scotland
Using metal detectors it has been found that massive amounts of lead-shot were fired at the fort - and not in a way indicating target practice.
More evidence is the known presence of a general Lollius Urbicus brought here from the Middle East to do the emperor's dirty work.
John Reid of the Roman Heritage group the Trimontium Trust says Urbicus had "previous".
"He made his name in the Jewish war which had taken place in Israel in the previous four years where they had literally gone through the whole of Judea taking hill forts one after the other," he said.
"He was given the job of taking Scotland, we know that from Roman literary sources.
"So he was here and this is where they blood their troops."
It seems very clear they meant business.  Many of the lead bullets found at Burnswark have identical 4mm holes in them which, initially, was a mystery.
John Reid went to Germany to consult an expert in sling shot ballistics, Joerg Sprave.
And the effect of the hole became obvious when replicas were made and fired.
"You'd hear this screeching noise that you've never heard before or experienced before in your life," explained Mr Nicholson.
"What sort of unearthly spirits are these dreadful Romans conjuring up to assail you with amongst all their missiles?
"I hear this keening sound through the air and the chap with the spear next to me drops dead and I wonder what on earth is doing it. I'd be utterly terrified."
So, the personnel involved and the quantity and type of slingshot used suggests complete overkill against a weaker, poorly-armed enemy.
"The Romans were well recognised for what is called exemplary violence," said Mr Reid.
"These people literally did suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune.
"This literally is a site where people suffered an attrition to the very end and I would suspect that probably nobody survived this and the Roman army moved on into the rest of Scotland."
More work will be required to prove this new theory definitively and that's planned in the years ahead.
But those involved here are confident that - in police slang - they've got the Romans bang to rights.


The Metropolitan Police has made an "unreserved apology" to seven women deceived into relationships with undercover officers.

The apology and an agreement to pay compensation covers sexual relationships conducted by five officers from two undercover units.
They took place over 25 years until the units were disbanded in 2008 and 2011. One of the officers fathered children.
The women said the apology would "never make up for what we have endured".
Speaking on behalf of all seven women on Friday, two, Helen Steel and Belinda Harvey, said they expected more undercover relationships to come to light.
The other women's identities are protected and they are known as Rosa, Naomi, Lisa, Alison and Ruth.
Who were the deceived women?
The unprecedented, undisclosed financial settlements relate to officers who worked undercover for the Special Demonstration Squad (SDS), part of the Metropolitan Police and shut down in 2008, and the separate National Public Order Intelligence Unit (NPOIU).
Both teams deployed officers on long-term undercover operations to infiltrate radical political or social causes, such as environmental campaigns, anarchy and animal rights.
The longest relationship lasted for nine years.
Five former undercover officers, including Bob Lambert and Jim Boyling from the Met and Mark Kennedy of the NPOIU, were involved. These three are said by lawyers to have had more than one undercover relationship.
Mr Lambert's relationship with a woman called Jacqui led to the birth of a child. That case was separately settled last year for more than Â£400,000.
The two other officers were known by their targets as "Mark Cassidy" and "John Barker", but were named in Parliament as Mark Jenner and John Dines.
In each case the officers eventually disappeared, leaving their partners searching for years for answers.
In a statement on Friday, Assistant Commissioner Martin Hewitt said the relationships had been "wrong".
He warned any future officer who had a sexual relationship with someone they were targeting risked prosecution.
Asst Comm Hewitt said the women had suffered a violation of their rights, abuse of police power and significant trauma.
"Thanks in large part to the courage and tenacity of these women... it has become apparent that some officers entered into long-term intimate sexual relationships which were abusive, deceitful, manipulative and wrong," he said.
"These should never have happened. They were a gross violation of personal dignity and integrity.
"They were deceived - pure and simple. Whether or not genuine feelings were involved on the part of any officers is entirely irrelevant and does not make the conduct acceptable."
He said the relationships may well have reflected attitudes towards women that should have no part in police culture.
And he admitted that there had been no proper management of the deployments, even after the introduction 15 years ago of supposedly stringent legal controls.
The women said they were pleased that after a four-year legal battle the Met Police had recognised the "state sponsored, deceptive relationships".
"We have worked together on this painful and deeply personal legal case in order to expose the serious and systemic abuse of power by undercover police officers and their managers," they said.
"Although no amount of 'sorry', or financial compensation, can make up for what we and others have endured, we are pleased the police have been forced to acknowledge the abusive nature of these relationships and that they should never happen."
They said the cases showed a pattern of discriminatory behaviour towards women amounting to "institutional sexism".
And they criticised the police for failing to apologise to the children involved.
One of the women, known as Ruth, said she was still struggling to come to terms with her undercover relationship with Jim Boyling. Another, Rosa, said she thought he was her life partner and father of her children but he was "a fiction".
Alison met Mark Jenner when she was working to expose police corruption. She said, "I loved him very deeply."
Lisa's six-year relationship with Mark Kennedy had him attending her father's funeral - "a deception perpetrated by the state," she said.
The group are supporting another woman, Kate Wilson, who will pursue her case in court.
They said they believed such relationships were "widespread", and called on the police to reveal more officers' cover names.
The Metropolitan Police is still facing further claims and an internal police inquiry. Separately, a judge-led public inquiry is beginning to gather evidence as to what happened within the two units.


Britain's Anthony Joshua will fight reigning champion Charles Martin for the IBF world heavyweight title at London's O2 Arena on 9 April.

American Martin, 29, has won 23 and drawn one of his 24 fights and beat Vyacheslav Glazkov for the vacant IBF belt in January.
Joshua, 26, most recently beat Dillian Whyte with a seventh-round knockout to claim the British heavyweight title.
The Olympic champion has 15 knockouts from 15 professional fights.
Tyson Fury was stripped of the IBF title after he opted for a rematch against Glazkov's Ukrainian compatriot Wladimir Klitschko, who he beat in November, rather than face the mandatory challenger.
On 10 February, Fury named Martin alongside WBC title-holder Deontay Wilder and Klitschko as three boxers he wanted to fight in 2016.
Fury, who holds the WBA and WBO belts, has threatened to quit boxing but is set to face Klitschko in a mandatory rematch in May or June.
Prior to the Whyte fight, Joshua had recorded 14 straight knockouts in the first three rounds.
Over his 15 bouts, he has accrued only 32 rounds of experience, seven of which came against Whyte.
"Fighting for the heavyweight world title has been a dream of mine since I turned professional," said Joshua, who won gold at the London Olympics.
"I feel privileged to have the opportunity to turn that dream into reality. Martin is a great fighter and a hungry competitor so I am going to have to produce the performance of my career to claim that belt."
The fight will be Martin's first bout outside of the US and he has threatened to "knock out" Joshua.
He said: "I'm coming to the UK to make a statement that I am the best heavyweight in the world and no-one is taking my title.
"I'm world champion, so that doesn't mean just sit back and make easy defences in the US. It means facing the biggest challenges out there."


The view from China appears to be unanimous: Chinese leaders and business people want the UK to remain inside the European Union.

To understand why this view is so strongly held, you have to grasp the scale of Chinese investment in the UK.
There is a long list of British brands and companies that now have Chinese backers: Weetabix, House of Fraser, MG cars, London taxi cabs, Heathrow and Manchester airports.
And the UK has become the second most popular destination for Chinese investment in Europe, second only to Italy.
Many investors worry that those economic ties will be damaged if Brexit occurs.
John Zai is one of them. Originally from Shanghai, he heads Cocoon Networks, a venture capital group that plans to invest in tech companies in Europe, primarily in the UK.
It's just signed a 10-year lease on the former London Stock Exchange and aims to transform it into Europe's largest tech innovation centre.
"If we can combine the European technology and the ideas with the Chinese money, the Chinese capital, it's going to be crazy," he enthuses.
But those plans could all change if the UK votes to leave the EU.
"It's going to probably cause a lot of problems, because Cocoon is a platform bridge between China and Europe.
"It's China and Europe, not China and the UK or China and London.
"Tech companies are really dependent on talent," he says. "If the UK leaves the EU, all this different talent from the EU, from all these different countries, they're going to be gone.
"People are always talking about how London is going to become a Silicon Valley but without all this talent, it's not going to happen."
Many hope the UK's economy will flourish because of the close relationship between London and Beijing.
Deals worth more than Â£40bn ($56bn) were signed when Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the UK last October.
During that visit, Mr Xi made his views clear: China supports a "united EU".
"China definitely wants to sell more Chinese products into the European market, but they'd better do it from the eurozone really," says Philippe Le Corre, a visiting fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington.
London would be less attractive to investors if it could offer only the UK market of 65 million people, rather than the 500 million across the EU, he says.
"London would not lose its role as trader of renminbi but in terms of consumer products, big industries, even tourism, I believe London would be affected."
But it's not all about money.
How trade and the UK's economy are affected by membership of the EU.
For Mr Xi, the EU referendum also carries political concerns.
During his time in power, over almost four years, he's fostered closer ties with London - a counterbalance, perhaps, to China's rockier relations elsewhere.
If the UK leaves the EU, Mr Xi's judgement could be called into question.
"There has been some criticism that he has been spending too much attention on ceremonial matters and diplomacy without concern for the slowing Chinese economy at home," says Yu Jie, the China programme manager at the LSE Ideas think tank in London.
"So, if the UK leaves the EU, it won't only undermine the Chinese relationship with the UK. It will also undermine Xi Jinping's image as a steady leader because he's betting on the wrong horse."
Chinese entrepreneurs might also come to feel that they've bet on the wrong horse. Over tea at his private members' club, Mr Zai admits to worries.
"I'm just afraid if we leave the EU, it's going to be like an earthquake, like a huge earthquake. To be honest, I have no idea what's going to happen. Personally, I'm quite nervous."
Nerves in London stretching all the way to the halls of power in Beijing.
Some might argue that Chinese concerns shouldn't matter and British voters will make their own decisions on EU membership.
But those who have invested financial and political capital in a closer relationship between China and the UK might be heading for a few sleepless nights.


A robot has broken the world record for the fastest solving of a Rubik's Cube.

Cubestormer 3, designed by David Gilday and Mike Dobson, recorded a time of 3.253 seconds at Birmingham's NEC.
The previous record of 5.27 seconds was set by the same design team three years ago.
Craig Glenday, editor in chief of Guinness World Records, was at the NEC to verify the claim as well as two other records set by Mr Gilday at the Big Bang Science and engineering fair.
The robot uses a mobile phone to take pictures of the Rubik's Cube and then works out the quickest way to solve it, using four robotic hands.
The robot is powered by an ARM processor. Mr Gilday, a principal engineer at ARM, and Mr Dobson took 18 months to design and build the robot in their spare time.
Mr Gilday said the attempt was "a bit of fun".
"Our real focus is to demonstrate what can be achieved with readily available technology to inspire young minds into taking a greater interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics," he said.
"We knew Cubestormer 3 had the potential to beat the existing record but with the robot performing physical operations quicker than the human eye can see there's always an element of risk.
"Our big challenge now is working out if it's possible to make it go even faster."
Mr Gilday also set new new records during the Big Bang fair for the fastest completion of 4x4x4 and 9x9x9 cubes, which are considerably more complicated than the classic 3x3x3 Rubik's Cube.


A cyclist who was killed when he was hit by a car police were pursuing has been described by his family "as a respected and dedicated academic".

Andrew Platten, 55, from Bingley, died at the scene in Cottingley Cliffe Road in the town on Tuesday.ã€€
West Yorkshire Police said officers had tried to stop the car after seeing the driver "acting suspiciously".
Police said the car then "sped off and collided" with Dr Platten a short distance away.
The matter has been referred to the Independent Police Complaints Commission.
A 22-year-old Bradford man was arrested at the scene on suspicion of causing death by dangerous driving. He has been released on bail.
Dr Platten worked at Leeds Beckett University. Its website describes him as an associate dean for international and collaborative provision in the Faculty of Arts, Environment and Technology.
In a statement, his family said: "Andrew excelled as a respected and dedicated academic, with a love for art, poetry and music. For anyone that knew him, cycling was his true passion as he became a recognised competitive rider on the roads. ã€€
"Most importantly he was a loved friend, loyal brother and uncle, loving partner and a truly inspirational father. He will be deeply missed, but he has left his stamp on all who met him.
"He will always be cherished and never forgotten, living on in all our hearts."


Five years ago this month, the London Olympic Games - seen as a great success for Britain - came to a close.

At the time, the country was promised that the end of the Games would not mean the end of the success story, that there would be a lasting legacy for sport participation.
But, in England at least, that promise was broken.
The government gave Sport England £1bn to invest in grassroots sports, and Jeremy Hunt, then Secretary of State for Culture, Olympics, Media and Sport, said the Games provided an "extraordinary chance" to "reinvigorate this country's sporting habits for both the young and the old".
He described it as a "once-in-a-generation opportunity, a real golden moment for the UK".
But there has been virtually no increase in participation in sport.
Since 2005, when London won the bid to host the Olympics, Sport England has surveyed people about their physical activity.
In 2005-06 the proportion of over-16s in England who played sport for at least 30 minutes each week was 34.6%. By 2015-16, it was 36.1%.
Among 16- to 25-year-olds, there has been no change at all in participation rates since 2005-06.
From 2012, Sport England has included 14- and 15-year-olds in the survey.
School sport is included, so a higher percentage of this age group report playing sport once a week - about 70%.
And while it looks like there may have been a post-Olympic boost, the proportion then dropped back to just under 70%.
To look at participation rates for children younger than 14, we can look at Taking Part, an England-wide survey from the Department of Culture, Media and Sport.
Since 2011-12, this survey has asked a number of questions about the impact of the London Games, including whether hosting the Olympics encouraged respondents to take part in sport.
In 2015-16, nearly 70% of the five- to 10-year-olds answered: "Not at all."
Of the 11- to 15-year-olds, 57% said the Games had encouraged them to take part in sport.
But the Taking Part survey has a similar measure to Sport England of playing sport for 30 minutes a week.
And, although it shows higher participation rates in younger children, overall, for both age groups, there has been no change.
But the sports legacy was part of a wider set of ambitions that included:
And the London Games legacy is evident when it comes to elite sport and medals.
Although British Athletics came sixth in the medal table at the World Championships last week, they hit their target.
And in Olympic and Paralympic sports as a whole, Team GB retain their strong position.
In the 2012 London Games, Team GB athletes came third in the overall medal tables for both the Olympics and Paralympics.
And in Rio, four years later, they came second in both - the first nation in the history of the Olympics to improve their medal tally following a home games.
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London Scottish and Scottish Rugby have resurrected their partnership for next season - but with a smaller financial commitment from the governing body.

It fell apart in acrimonious fashion last month over the SRU's concern about their respective financial inputs.
The English Championship club said its plans for next season had been "suddenly blown off course".
But they have now admitted that the SRU board's concerns "were entirely legitimate" and had been addressed.
The relationship had begun on a trial basis in January, with Sean Lineen, the head of Scotland's age-grade programme, joining the club as part-time director of rugby, former Scotland forward Roddy Grant on the coaching staff, and a handful of players joining on loan.
Their new agreement means that, instead of the governing body providing up to 14 players for the coming season, up to eight will be on loan to the Exiles.
London Scottish president Rod Lynch said: "We regret that our recent statements and media coverage of them may have cast a cloud over such an exciting opportunity and are grateful that Scottish Rugby was still willing to continue a dialogue with us.
"We are now looking to move this mutually beneficial opportunity forward and will provide young players with exposure to Championship rugby and its associated benefits.
"Championship rugby is a challenging environment commercially and we acknowledge that the concerns Scottish Rugby's board voiced were valid."
Some, including former Scotland centre Alex Grove, who had spent time on loan at the club, had expressed concern that London Scottish had allowed senior players to leave in anticipation of receiving players from Scottish Rugby.
However, the governing body had been looking to reduce its own financial commitment, with more being underwritten by the club.
London Scottish will be sent players from Scotland's academy system, those on the fringes of the Glasgow Warriors and Edinburgh Pro12 first-team squads and those recovering from injury and requiring match fitness, all under Lineen's guidance.
Scottish Rugby chief executive Mark Dodson said: "We see this as a 12-month relationship at this time.
"We want to move this initiative forward to continue to give identified Scottish players the opportunity to develop into international players of the future.
"We had to satisfy ourselves that the club could deliver a performance environment suitable to enable talented young players to develop, before we committed further.
"We are pleased that the club has addressed our concerns and are now satisfied that the reduced scale of the programme matches the support the club can provide."
Scottish Rugby said that the scheme will operate on "a more modest and achievable scale better suited to the support available from London Scottish".
London Scottish chairman Sir David Reid had previously expressed disappointment that the SRU had revised its offer to 10 players "and none of them senior players" but welcomed the new deal.
"We fully recognise that the concerns expressed by Scottish Rugby's board over the financial commitment and infrastructure needed from London Scottish under the previous arrangements were entirely legitimate," he said.
"London Scottish will now take full financial responsibility for its areas identified in the partnership, which are designed to enhance the performance environment in which London Scottish players can train and prepare."


Chelsea have signed Monaco striker Radamel Falcao on a season-long loan deal, with the option to make the deal permanent.

The 29-year-old Colombia international spent last season on loan at Manchester United, scoring four goals in 29 games.
He links up with former Atletico Madrid team-mates Thibaut Courtois, Filipe Luis and Diego Costa.
Croatian midfielder Mario Pasalic, 20, goes the other way on loan for the season.
Falcao said: "I am very happy to be joining Chelsea.
"I can't wait to start training, to help with our aim of retaining the league title and being successful in Europe."
The striker scored 62 goals in two seasons for FC Porto between 2009 and 2011, before joining Atletico Madrid.
After 70 goals in two prolific seasons with the Spanish side, Monaco signed him for £50m in 2013.
He suffered anterior cruciate ligament damage in January 2014 and joined United on loan that summer.
Falcao and Costa have previously played up front together for Atletico and won the 2013 Copa del Rey final against Real Madrid.
Pasalic, who signed for Chelsea from Hajduk Split 12 months ago, spent last season on loan with Elche in La Liga.


The 9-1 joint-favourite Vicente, ridden by Sam Twiston-Davies, won the Scottish Grand National for the second year in a row in a thrilling finish at Ayr.

The Paul Nicholls-trained eight-year-old closed down Cogry late in the race to win by a nose in glorious sunshine.
Vicente had fallen at the first fence at the Grand National at Aintree two weeks ago.
"Paul had him primed for the National and that didn't go to plan, but it has worked out great," said Twiston-Davies.
"The boss has turned it around. He is one of the best trainers in the country. Fair play to Vicente. He's a very brave horse, he's tried very hard and saved my day."
Vicente is the first back-to-back winner of the race since Androma in 1985.
The only Scottish-trained horse, Seldom Inn, ridden by the Grand National-winning jockey Derek Fox, pulled up early.
The winning jockey's father Nigel looked to have the race won with 18-1 Cogry, who went clear under Jamie Bargary six days after finishing second in the West Wales National.
But, as the pair duelled for the line, Vicente, who was bought by Trevor Hemmings before Aintree as a replacement for Many Clouds, prevailed.
Twiston-Davies Sr was also third with the veteran Benbens, with Alvarado fourth.
The win gave Nicholls a boost in the jump trainers' championship as he chases Nicky Henderson.
Nicholls was only narrowly beaten in the Scottish Champion Hurdle with Zubayr, and with Henderson's lead now under £200,000, the prize money at Ayr could look crucial next week.
Nicholls said: "Of course we can still win it, but everything will need to go right and we've had a couple of results today, like Zubayr, which would have made a difference. Luck hasn't been with Sam today.
"Nicky's had a fantastic season with his Grade One horses, and so have we - we won't give up until the last day.
"Sam is part of a big team, we've got a lot of good jockeys and he heads them, he'll be with us a long time."
BBC horse racing correspondent Cornelius Lysaght
This was a second Grand National in a fortnight that threw up an outstanding horse race, with Vicente and Cogry producing a stirring finish at the end of four miles.
From some way out it had looked to the raucous sell-out crowd here as though Vicente, whose name derives from the Latin for conquering, was doing just that - easily -  but he had to pull out all the stops to get the better of the runner-up by a neck.
It remains unlikely that Paul Nicholls can retain the trainers' title, but this reduces the lead Nicky Henderson holds markedly with a week of the season to go.


A Chinese writer has told the BBC he is the co-author of a provocative book about China's leader Xi Jinping, that some believe sparked the disappearance of five Hong Kong booksellers.

The US-based writer, who uses the pen name Xi Nuo, says he has published the book online to challenge China and that the men should not be held responsible.
"Why doesn't the government come to New York and sue us?" he said.
The men, who went missing in recent months, are now in detention in China.
Some analysts believe the book their publishing house was set to print, titled Xi Jinping and His Lovers, may have angered the Chinese government and be behind their disappearance and detention.
Allegations that two of the men were taken to China against their will and in an extra-judicial process sparked global concern. Chinese officials deny this, saying they went to China voluntarily.
Gui Minhai, co-owner of the publishing business Mighty Current, and its affiliated Causeway Bay Bookstore, was last seen at his holiday home in Thailand on 17 October, around the time three of his employees also went missing.
He turned up in early January on Chinese state TV in tears, saying he had returned to China to take responsibility for a fatal car accident that happened more than a decade ago - although some suspect his statement may have been made under duress.
In late December, Lee Bo, also known as Paul Lee, vanished in Hong Kong, only to turn up mysteriously in mainland China, apparently without his travel document.
His suspected abduction from Hong Kong, a city where mainland Chinese officials have no legal authority, caused an international outcry.
The BBC has also uncovered details of the lucrative and prolific underground world of gossipy pulp books about the Chinese leadership, which caters almost exclusively to a mainland audience, much to the displeasure of Chinese authorities.
Mighty Current publishing house disappearances
1. Lui Bo, General Manager, goes missing in Shenzhen, 15 October
2. Cheung Jiping, business manager, 32, goes missing in Dongguan, 15 October
3. Gui Minhai, co-owner, 51, goes missing in Thailand, 17 October
4. Lam Wingkei, manager, 60, last seen in Hong Kong, 23 October
5. Lee Bo, shareholder, 65, goes missing in Hong Kong, 30 December
Before he disappeared, Lee Bo told me that he believed his colleagues had been detained to prevent the publication of a particularly sensitive book. But some experts say that one book, no matter how incendiary, is unlikely to be the reason for their detention. Industry insiders believe the Hong Kong "banned book" publishing industry is being sent a warning.
Xi Nuo says that his book Xi Jinping and His Lovers was finished in 2014, but Mr Gui decided against publishing it after a visit from a Chinese government agent.
The book also has another author, a man believed to have penned much of the work and who is not being named for safety reasons.
Xi Nuo says he has now decided to publish the book to challenge the Chinese authorities.
"I decided to publish this book. I want to tell the Chinese authorities and Xi Jinping, the president of China, that you are wrong. Completely wrong. You better release the five guys. Let them go back home, " Xi Nuo said.
Written in simple and almost vulgar language, the book is ambiguously styled as a work of fiction about true life figures and describes purported affairs of Xi Jinping, as well as alleged incidents in his two marriages.
Excerpt from Xi Jinping and His Lovers
"Outside the door Lingling shouts: 'Big brother Xi please help me, I'm in the kitchen cooking dumplings.' Xi Jinping hurriedly runs out, enters the kitchen and embraces Ke Lingling saying 'My father will be back soon, my father is about to be rehabilitated.' Lingling quickly pushes him away saying 'Aiyo, the way you embraced me, others would tease us.' "
But this work is not unique. A review of the books distributed by Mighty Current reveals many titles that claim to lay bare the private lives of China's top leadership.
They include: Xi Jinping's Clan, Fire in Xi Jinping's Backyard and even The Eight Loves of the General Secretary. Even though many would regard them as poorly researched, the provocative nature of these works has aroused China's ire.
The disappearances are "rooted in efforts by the Communist Party to purge the 'banned books' market in Hong Kong", says veteran journalist and writer Ching Cheong.
A Chinese government directive issued in 2013 and renewed annually, called "Sweeping the source", explicitly targets the Hong Kong publishing industry. It aims to stop "counter-revolutionary"' publishing activities, including preventing such works from entering the mainland.
So, how did these books become so popular? According to Bao Pu, founder of the New Century Press, an independent Hong Kong publishing house, the market for gossipy Chinese political books exploded in 1995.
That was the year Beijing Communist Party chief Chen Xitong was sacked after a major corruption scandal.
Some of the banned books on sale in Hong Kong
Secret Files of Leaders (above): A book that details the alleged affairs of national leaders
Jiang Zemin Wins Big Against Xi Jinping: The book details the alleged rivalry at the very top of Chinese politics between Xi Jinping and Jiang Zemin.
"Before, political books were very serious. But as a result of Chen Xitong, the trend of Chinese political scandals producing quickie books started," says Mr Bao.
The mid-1990s coincided with a rise in overseas travel among newly wealthy mainlanders, who often transited through Hong Kong.
He estimates the market for "quickie" books - poorly researched books written speedily - reached an apex in 2013, with the downfall of the charismatic Chongqing Communist Party chief Bo Xilai providing much material.
He believes 150 books on that subject alone were written in one year, with Mr Gui's publishing house accounting for half of the market.
It is difficult to know the true size of the market but insiders say Mighty Current was one of the top three publishing houses specialising in these books.
Bei Ling, director of the Independent Chinese PEN, a group promoting freedom of expression, says Mighty Current published about five books each month, or 50 books a year, accounting for a third of the market.
One writer who has worked with Mr Gui since 2012 said each book takes about a month to write. The writer is not usually paid until the book sells.
For each book sold, he receives a payment of $3, or about 15% of the selling price. On some books, he makes nothing but a bestseller can yield a big payout. The most he has ever made on one book was about $35,000, for several weeks of work.  I was also told that the distribution side of the Causeway Bay Bookstore business turned a healthy profit.
Almost all the readers come from mainland China, hungry for a peek inside China's secretive politics, according to Mr Bao.
Hong Kong is a semi-autonomous Chinese city that enjoys freedom of speech and press. These gossipy books are banned in China, but entirely legal in Hong Kong.
Last year, nearly 46 million Chinese tourists, or more than six times the local population, visited Hong Kong. For some of them, the dingy first-floor bookstore in Causeway Bay is an important stop.
Mr Gui and his business partner Lee Bo were prolific writers themselves and worked with authors based in Hong Kong, North America and Europe.
Many of them are Chinese dissidents living in countries where they are not yet fluent in the language. Writing is seen as a legitimate means of making a living as they adapt to a new environment.
Many, but not all, of these books criticise the senior Chinese leadership. In fact, one of Lee Bo's recent books on President Xi Jinping was highly regarded and not at all derogatory.
Ching Cheong believes one of the reasons the leadership is so eager to shut down the entire market is that political factions regularly leak information to publishers like Mr Gui to embarrass their rivals.
A faction loyal to former president Jiang Zemin is said to be feuding with the power base of the current president.
Mr Ching says the book market in Hong Kong has become an extension of elite politics. If so, it has become a very dangerous high-stakes game as Mr Gui, who is a Swedish citizen and Mr Lee, who holds a British passport, has transformed it from a "domestic" clampdown to an international affair.
Additional reporting by the BBC's Grace Tsoi.


The US Air Force has certified the private company SpaceX to launch military and spy satellites.

A joint venture between Lockheed Martin and Boeing has had a monopoly on those launches since 2006.
Founded by entrepreneur Elon Musk, SpaceX has already won contracts with Nasa to ferry cargo and crews to the International Space Station.
The approval from the US military followed two years of intensive reviews by the US Air Force.
"SpaceX's emergence as a viable commercial launch provider provides the opportunity to compete launch services for the first time in almost a decade," Air Force Secretary Deborah James said in a statement.
Mr Musk said the decision was "an important step toward bringing competition to national security space launch".
In June, the Air Force expects to open bidding for the contract to launch GPS satellites built by Lockheed and it will be SpaceX's first opportunity to compete for military work.
The US military has been relying on the Atlas 5 rocket, which uses Russian built engines, to power payloads into space.
But the military only has until 2019 to use that system, as US lawmakers have banned the use of Russian engines for launches that concern national security.
The certification of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will give the military an alternative rocket ahead of the ban.


The polling company chosen to select the audience for the BBC's election debate has defended its political make-up amid claims of "left-wing bias".

Andrew Hawkins, founder of ComRes, said the recruitment of people to watch the seven-way debate had been "more complex" than he had ever witnessed.
He said five of the parties were left of centre - which meant "cheering is going to be skewed in one direction".
But Boris Johnson said the debate was an "echo chamber for left-wing views".
The set-piece event, which took place in Cambridge, featured Labour's Jeremy Corbyn, Lib Dem leader Tim Farron, UKIP's Paul Nuttall, SNP deputy leader Angus Robertson, Green co-leader Caroline Lucas and Plaid Cymru's Leanne Wood.
Conservative leader Theresa May came in for some criticism for refusing to take part in the debate, with Home Secretary Amber Rudd taking her place.
The BBC said it commissioned ComRes to recruit an audience that was "representative of the country demographically and politically" and this included: age, gender, ethnicity, socio-economic factors, party politics, how they voted in the EU referendum and some who had been undecided.
During the debate there was cheering and booing which led some, including Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson, to suggest the audience was biased.
Mr Johnson told BBC Breakfast: "It was seven people speaking to probably the most left-wing studio audience the BBC has ever brought together."
But ComRes founder Mr Hawkins told BBC 5 live a lot of thought had gone into the audience selection.
Read: How ComRes recruited BBC TV debate audience
Mr Hawkins said: "If you have a panel of people - one from the governing party (Conservatives) - one from what's regarded as a right wing party (UKIP) and five from broadly left-wing parties, and you give those speakers equal airtime, it means you're giving five slots of airtime to the left-wing parties for every two slots to the not so left-wing parties.
"Therefore it's inevitable that the cheering is going to be skewed in one direction.
"What I can say is that the recruitment for this was more complex and more rigorously executed than any I've ever witnessed."
He said Brexit had added an extra layer of complications to the selection process because an equal number of Leavers and Remainers had to be chosen.
"We screened out people who have campaigned politically at any time in the last three years," he said.
"But equally, you need to get people who are politically engaged so the audience don't sit there and say nothing and do nothing, so you do get some reaction."
Mr Hawkins said the audience response was "a reflection of the fact that the Conservatives were on the back foot because Theresa May didn't turn up - and therefore it's a bit of an easy target".
The reaction of the audience during Wednesday night's televised debate was in contrast to the first ever UK General Election TV debates, from 2010, when the audience was not allowed to applaud during the programme, only at the beginning and end.


Britain, the European Union and the World Bank have announced a plan to create 100,000 jobs in Ethiopia to help tackle the migrant crisis.

Two industrial parks will be built in the country at a cost of $500m (Â£385m).
Ethiopia, which proposed the plan, will be required to grant employment rights to 30,000 refugees.
UK Prime Minister Theresa May said the project would be a model for how to support poorer countries housing large numbers of migrants.
Ethiopia hosts more than 700,000 asylum seekers, mainly from South Sudan, Eritrea and Somalia.
South Sudan refugees reach one million mark
The deal, which was announced on Wednesday at the UN summit on refugees in New York, will be funded by loans from the European Investment Bank (EIB) and grants from the UK and the World Bank.
As part of the agreement Ethiopia will grant refugees employment rights, which many currently do not have.
A number of the new positions will be reserved for Ethiopia's growing number of young jobseekers.
Mrs May said the project would be a model for how to support poorer countries shouldering the burden of refugees.
President of the European Investment Bank Werner Hoyer said Ethiopia is a stopping point for many of those making their way to Europe.
"Initiatives and projects like this provide people with a choice to stay closer to home and an opportunity for economic growth as well," he said.
Ethiopia currently hosts the largest number of refugees on the African continent. They are mainly from South Sudan, Eritrea and Somalia and many of them try to make the journey into North Africa and across the Mediterranean to Europe.


A vulnerable 90-year-old woman is being treated in hospital after going missing from a care home in Cornwall.

Coastguards found the woman, who has dementia, on Sunday morning after a three-hour search of the Penzance area.
Lyn Hughes, manager of Tolverth House in Longrock, said "all procedures were followed" and the woman "escaped through a fire exit".
The care home has been rated as requiring improvement in its safety by the Care Quality Commission.
Ms Hughes said: "The patient escaped through a fire exit which had recently been fitted with new locks. All procedures were followed.
"She was checked every hour [by law residents must be checked every two hours] and once staff realised she was missing the authorities were alerted."
Penzance, St Ives and Lands End coastguard rescue teams joined the police and the Penlee RNLI lifeboats and a coastguard rescue helicopter in searching several miles of coast.
Andy Cattrell, senior coastal operations officer, said: "We and the police were very concerned. She was 90 years of age, a vulnerable patient of a local care home. With someone that age, she needed finding."


The government should publish legal advice regarding its decision to leave the European nuclear regulator Euratom, former minister Ed Vaizey has said.

He told MPs the UK was proposing to leave the body "on a technicality" when it was actually distinct from the EU.
Urging a rethink during a Parliamentary debate, colleague Bob Neill said it would "not be the first time" legal advice given to ministers was wrong.
The government will publish a paper setting out their stance on Thursday.
Ministers have previously said they are legally obliged to leave Euratom at the same time as quitting the EU, insisting the UK can form a new arrangement with the body after Brexit, replicating its existing benefits.
The decision has caused unease in the nuclear industry amid fears it could affect safety, transportation of materials and access to cutting-edge research. The medical profession has also expressed concern about the effect on treatments, including for cancer, if there is reduced access to the radio isotopes used.
Speaking in a Westminster Hall debate, a number of MPs from all parties urged the government to reconsider its position and remain either a full or associate member of the organisation, which was created at the same time as the European Economic Community in 1957 but via a separate treaty.
Mr Vaizey, who has led a campaign against the move, said he accepted the nature of the legal advice received by the government but said MPs were in the dark about its substance and needed greater assurances.
"The trouble is that none of us have seen that legal advice," he said. "I know it is unprecedented for the government to publish legal advice but I think it would be very useful to have some form of distilled version of the legal advice on the link to Euratom."
John Howell, the MP for Henley, said the legal position was not "black and white" as some were suggesting.
He said negotiating associate membership would safeguard funding until 2022 but said this must be done before the summer of 2018 when Austria, which he described as "notoriously anti-nuclear", would take over the rotating presidency of the European Union.
Labour MP Daniel Zeichner said the decision to leave was being driven by the prime minister's "antipathy" to the European Court of Justice and her desire to "bring in its own referee rather than playing by the rules".
But Conservative Chris Green questioned whether it was feasible for the UK to remain part of every organisation connected to the EU and that if the UK had to leave Euratom then "so be it" - but it should do so on the "best possible grounds".
But Bill Cash said the legal necessity of exit was "unequivocal" while colleague Suella Fernandes said Euratom shared an "institutional structure" with the European Commission and European Court of Justice and to remain a member would be "going behind the back" of what the public voted for in last year's referendum.
For the government, Business Minister Richard Harrington said there had been "alarming stories" in the press about what leaving Euratom would mean for the nuclear sector and medicine but that these were unfounded.
"We do not believe that leaving Euratom will have any adverse effect on the supply of medical radio isotopes."
Although they were covered by the Euratom treaty, it "does not place any restriction on the export of medical isotopes outside the EU".
He insisted the UK wanted to maintain a "collaborate and constructive relationship" with Euratom on all civil nuclear matters while establishing its own national safeguards regime under the auspices of the Office for Nuclear Regulation through new legislation.
On the legal issue, he said the UK's decision to serve notice of Brexit through its Article 50 letter would have been "defective" if Euratom had been left out.
"There was clear advice at the time about the unique nature of the legal relationship between the separate nature of the treaties and the inseparable nature of them," he said.
The BBC's Chris Morris said EU lawyers had been very clear that the UK would have to leave Euratom when leaving the EU, the alternative being some kind of bilateral agreement which would have to be negotiated and would involve the ECJ in some respects.


A Florida judge has limited the evidence defence lawyers can use in the trial of a neighbourhood watch volunteer who shot dead an unarmed black teenager last year.

Details about slain 17-year-old Trayvon Martin's cannabis use, school suspension and fights cannot be used in opening statements, the judge said.
George Zimmerman's lawyers argued those would show he acted in self-defence.
Mr Zimmerman has pleaded not guilty to a charge of second-degree murder.
In Sanford, Florida, Circuit Judge Debra Nelson also refused a request from the defence to delay the trial, now scheduled to begin on 10 June.
"We have a lot of evidence that marijuana use had something to do with the event," said Mr Zimmerman's defence lawyer Mark O'Mara.
"It could have affected his behaviour.''
Neither side will be allowed to mention Martin's alleged role in fights, nor his drug use, nor other allegations pertaining to his character in their opening statements, the judge ruled.
But she allowed that some of the evidence and testimony about it could be permissible later, depending on how the trial progressed.
Last week, Mr Zimmerman's defence lawyers released to the public text message exchanges from Martin's mobile phone in which he appeared to discuss fights, a suspension from school, marijuana use and possibly buying a gun.
After Tuesday's hearing, Benjamin Crump, a lawyer representing Martin's family, said the personal information about Martin was "not relevant" and "inadmissible" as evidence.
"We think it was strategic when this information was released after the jury summons went out," Mr Crump told reporters.
"It was calculated, we believe, to sway and pollute and influence the jury."
Also in Tuesday's hearing, the judge said she would not allow jurors selected for the case to travel to the scene of the shooting during the trial.
The panel will not be sequestered during jury selection either, although defence lawyers argued such a measure would be necessary since the case has a high public profile.
In February 2012, Martin was walking from a shop to his father's home when the deadly confrontation with Mr Zimmerman occurred.
Mr Zimmerman had been sitting in his vehicle watching a neighbourhood street when he saw Martin and deemed him suspicious. He telephoned authorities, then left his vehicle to pursue Martin.
Florida police did not arrest Mr Zimmerman for six weeks after the shooting.
He has denied he intended to shoot Martin, claiming the teenager became aggressive and threatened him and that he drew his legally carried gun and shot in self-defence.
The case drew national attention because the state's controversial "stand your ground" law grants individuals wide latitude to use deadly force if they feel seriously in danger.
Mr Zimmerman's lawyers have opted not to cite that law in their defence.


The revelation from Australia coach Darren Lehmann that David Warner is in contention for the first Ashes Test may have surprised a few people.

By the time the teams walk out at Trent Bridge on 10 July, Warner will not have played any cricket since 8 June, when he was suspended for his altercation with England's Joe Root in a Birmingham bar.
He will have trained and hit plenty of balls in the nets, but there is no substitute for time out in the middle and throwing him straight into Ashes battle would undoubtedly be something of a gamble.
During my career, we would routinely play County Championship matches and one-day games in between Test matches and I would have felt undercooked going into a Test without a few innings - and hopefully some runs - behind me.
Warner's full career statistics (Cricinfo)
Warner, however, belongs to a different era. Since the advent of central contracts, international players play next to no cricket between Test matches, and have become accustomed to switching between the different forms of the game going into international series with little or no build-up.
Given Warner's style as a batsman - he is a naturally talented striker of a cricket ball - he may be exactly the type of player who can turn it on like a tap and start middling the ball from the off.
We are, after all, talking about a talented cricketer here. In his short Test career, he has already carried his bat through the fourth innings of a Test match against New Zealand, smashed a 69-ball hundred against India in Perth and struck 119 off 112 balls against South Africa's world-class attack in Adelaide.
He was picked in their original squad as one of their leading batsmen because he has the potential to change a game. He is a clever cricketer and could be an effective counter-attacking option if he is moved down the order to number six.
New coach Lehmann has a very sharp cricket brain and has had success wherever he has been, so any decision he makes - in conjunction with the selectors and captain Michael Clarke - will be well thought through.
In his playing days, Lehmann was a high quality batsman with great natural ability and he may see a bit of himself in Warner. I think he understands him and will get the best out of him.
I'm sure they will have spent time in each other's company talking cricket and will have formed an effective pupil-teacher relationship.
If Warner does play at Trent Bridge, he will inevitably cop plenty of flak from the crowds. He will be the pantomime villain and will have to be thick-skinned enough to deal with all the verbal taunting.
In the middle, however, I don't anticipate too many issues between him and the England players. I think what happened that night has been blown out of all proportion and both teams will want to move on and set about the business of trying to strike first blood in the series.
Lehmann's determination to give Warner a clean slate has been typical of the way he has already stamped his authority on the squad and re-energised the Aussie campaign.
By naming his opening partnership a week before the first Test, he is showing clarity of thought and giving both Shane Watson and Chris Rogers the confidence to go out and perform.
From the moment Rogers was recalled to the squad at the age of 35 he was always going to play, the only question mark was over whether he would open. I think it's the right call because his experience of English conditions and the way the new ball behaves over here will be invaluable.
Watson, meanwhile, has shown in both Australia's tour matches, that he can be a forceful and imposing presence at the top of the order.
In scoring a century before lunch at Worcester, he is embodying Lehmann's desire to take the game to the opposition by playing an attacking brand of cricket.
Lehmann played in the era when the Australian team always took the positive action at every opportunity. They weren't playing to stay in games, they were playing to dominate games.
The new coach wants this Australian side to emulate that approach even if they do not have anywhere near the talent of their predecessors.
If you go out there thinking you are not very good, you will play as if you are not very good, but if you are filled with confidence and want to be positive you are much more likely to succeed.
Australia will be looking to lay down their marker on the first Test as soon as possible. England job is to play good cricket themselves and stop the visitors in their tracks.
The news that Pakistan-born leg-spinner Fawad Ahmed has been granted Australian citizenship should not be giving England too many sleepless nights. He has very little first-class experience and it would be a huge ask to expect him to make an instant impact in the Ashes.
He reminds me a bit of Imran Tahir, who was billed as the next big thing when he qualified to play for South Africa but then got smashed out of the attack by Australia in Adelaide.
I gather that Kevin Pietersen's description of himself as an introvert in a BBC Radio 5 live interview with Andrew Flintoff has caused a few raised eyebrows.
I'll leave the decision on whether he fits that adjective to other people but what I can say is that within the Surrey dressing-room he is a very polite and generous individual.
Believe it or not he can be very quiet, and you can almost forget he is there but when he does talk he is always worth listening to because he has great knowledge about the game.
Overseeing the cricket at Surrey, while continuing with my other media and corporate commitments, has been as full on as I expected. I am running up a fair old phone bill, and my mileage has gone through the roof, but I am enjoying every minute of it.
Stuart Barnes, who is running the team on a day-to-day basis, has been quite outstanding and the players have put in some decent performances. We played well in the second half of the drawn game with Yorkshire at Headingley, where I felt we were the only side looking to win the game.
Although we started with a loss at Hampshire in the FL t20, we have responded well with good victories over Sussex and Kent.
Alec Stewart was talking to BBC Sport's Sam Sheringham.


Kezia Dugdale has secured the majority of supporting nominations in her bid to become Scottish Labour leader.

Ms Dugdale received 90% of the support from constituency Labour parties who nominated a candidate.
She is also backed by 80% of the local councillors who nominated a leadership candidate, and 10 trade union and affiliate groups.
She is standing against Ken Macintosh in the contest to replace Jim Murphy.
MSP Richard Baker has secured the most constituency Labour party nominations in the contest for deputy leader.
Ms Dugdale, a Lothians MSP, is supported by 30 of her fellow parliamentarians, while Mr Macintosh, currently the party's social justice spokesman, is backed by seven and the Scottish Co-Op group.
He has 10% of the support from constituency Labour parties, and 20% of the support from councillors.
Following the close of supporting nominations, Ms Dugdale said: "To have the support of the overwhelming number of local party members, councillors and trade unions is an honour.
"I take nothing for granted and will work hard to change this support into votes when the ballot opens a week on Monday.
"The support I have received so far shows I am winning the argument amongst party members, but the real task is to win back people across the country."
Mr Macintosh has previously said he offers "a change in direction" for the Scottish Labour party.
He said: "I want to break up the party machine and put the members and supporters in charge of this party."
Mr Baker secured 20 constituency Labour Party nominations, compared with 18 for rival deputy leader candidate MSP Alex Rowley and 11 for Glasgow City Council leader Gordon Matheson.
Mr Baker said: "I'm grateful to members across the country who have put their trust in me through constituency nominations.
"My platform is clear: I want us to be a strong, united party in next year's election, with policy formed by members across Scotland."


The great niece of a 73-year-old disc jockey from Bristol, who went missing last month, said she fears he is dead.

The last confirmed sighting of Derek Serpell-Morris, also known as DJ Derek, was over three weeks ago in the city.
Jennifer Griffiths, his great niece, said she was losing hope of finding him alive.
Police have released further CCTV footage, showing DJ Derek in The Criterion pub, at about 23:30 BST on 10 July - his last confirmed sighting.
On Monday, Avon and Somerset Police said they were re-focusing search efforts in the Yate area, after a "credible" sighting of him at Yate bus station on 16 or 17 July.
Speaking at a press conference, in which members of Mr Serpell-Morris's family appealed for anyone with information about him, Ms Griffiths said she did not think he was still alive.
"I'm not confident. I would have thought he'd have got in contact with somebody by now," she said.
"The fact that he hasn't taken any of his suitcases or his toiletries, or any money out of his bank accounts, suggests he's gone.
"I'm losing hope."
DJ Derek's family and friends have been conducting searches for him over the past few days.
The DJ, who was reported missing on 23 July, has played at the Glastonbury festival, released his own compilation album, appeared in a Dizzee Rascal video, and worked with Massive Attack.


Family of a motorcyclist who died in a crash in Pembrokeshire have described him as "a much-loved son, brother and father".

Gavin Phillips, 27, from Narberth, died in the single-vehicle crash on the the A4139 at Penally on Thursday.
A family tribute said: "Gavin was a much-loved son, brother and father who will be sorely missed by all who knew him."
Mr Phillips was travelling east when his motorcycle left the road.


The main motorway link between Scotland and England has fully reopened following a tanker fire.

Police and fire crews were called to the scene, close to Lesmahagow, at about 10:30 on Friday after a tanker carrying highly-flammable ethanol caught fire.
No-one was injured as a result of the blaze.
The motorway was closed in both directions for several hours, with queues of up to nine miles reported.
About 100 firefighters were involved in efforts to extinguish the blaze.
Deputy Assistant Chief Officer Paul Connelly, from the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service, said: "The nature of the fuel involved in the fire meant it was both intense and very difficult to extinguish.
"Large volumes of water were deployed from multiple jets and our crews also conducted several foam strikes to smother the flames.
"Considerable resources were mobilised from across the west of Scotland to conduct a safe and effective firefighting operation, which has ultimately seen the fire extinguished.
He added: "Our crews will remain at the scene over the coming hours while the remaining ethanol is removed from the vehicle."


A police officer is being treated in hospital after a car was allegedly driven at him in East Kilbride.

The 29-year-old officer, who suffered a leg injury, had been carrying out inquiries in Ness Drive at about 20:30 on Wednesday when the Audi 4 hit him.
The car was later traced and a 38-year-old man was arrested. He is expected to appear at Hamilton Sheriff Court on Friday.
The police officer is in a stable condition in Hairmyres Hospital.


A rare series of clear photos of the International Space Station (ISS) crossing the face of the sun have been taken in the Channel Islands.

David Le Conte took the five images from an observatory in Guernsey on 10 June.
He managed to take the pictures in 1.3 seconds, as the space station crossed the middle of the sun.
The keen astronomer said: "I'm very pleased because it was a one-off opportunity, really."
More on space station photos and other Guernsey stories
The  ISS is regularly visible at night as it crosses the sky, but it is rare for it to be seen during daylight.
Jean Dean processed the photos, and enlarged one that clearly shows the shape of the ISS.
Mr Le Conte explained: "You can see its solar panels and you can see the body of the space station. There are normally six astronauts on board it and at that time it was over 400 miles away travelling at a speed of 17,000 mph."
To take the photos, he attached solar filters to a telescope at the Astronomy Section of La SociÃ©tÃ© Guernesiaise in St Pierre-du-Bois


Managerless Birmingham City suffered a record home defeat as Bournemouth scored eight goals at St Andrew's.

Brett Pitman put the visitors ahead inside three minutes before Blues defender David Edgar was then sent off for a foul on Callum Wilson.
Wilson and Matt Ritchie made it 3-0 by half-time before the Cherries ran riot in the second period.
Marc Pugh netted a hat-trick and two more from Tokelo Rantie, the first a penalty, completed Birmingham's misery.
In addition, Paul Caddis had a spot-kick saved by Bournemouth goalkeeper Artur Boruc with the score at 3-0.
A week after south coast neighbours Southampton put eight past Sunderland, Eddie Howe's side repeated the feat to register a fourth straight Championship win, a result that lifted them up to fourth in the table.
Blues slip to second from bottom after a wretched afternoon, extending their poor run at St Andrew's to just one win in 25 home matches.
And the nature of their second-half capitulation will be of huge concern to whoever Blues appoint to succeed the sacked Lee Clark as their new manager.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Pitman gave Bournemouth the perfect start, running through unchallenged before beating goalkeeper Darren Randolph, and things got worse for the hosts when Edgar pulled back Wilson and was deemed to be the last defender, resulting in a straight red card for the Canada international.
Pitman missed two further chances before the lead was eventually doubled, as Randolph's attempted clearance fell nicely for Wilson to race clear and net his 10th goal of the season.
Ritchie scored a third to settle the contest before the break, firing in a loose ball after another defensive mix-up, but Bournemouth were hungry for more goals.
Caddis's failure from the spot, following Tommy Elphick's foul on Clayton Donaldson, summed up Birmingham's day and it was to get much worse for the home side, who conceded five goals in the final 27 minutes.
Pugh turned in two crosses from Simon Francis to make it 5-0, before Rantie's brace and Pugh's third sealed a momentous win.
Birmingham City caretaker manager Malcolm Crosby told BBC WM:
"I feel shellshocked. The way we played was embarrassing. I have to take the blame because I picked the team.
"The confidence drained out of the players. They have played badly because we let in eight goals. But those players have got to go out again next week and have to get over this setback. It has been a terrible day.
"I apologise to the supporters. Whoever comes in as manager, I do not think he will have another performance like that."
Bournemouth manager Eddie Howe:
"We got a great start and the sending-off was a key moment.
"From that moment it was always going to be difficult for Birmingham and we really put them to the sword in the second half.
"The most pleasing aspect was that we didn't showboat. We wanted more goals but we did it in the right way."
Match ends, Birmingham City 0, Bournemouth 8.
Second Half ends, Birmingham City 0, Bournemouth 8.
Attempt missed. Matt Ritchie (Bournemouth) left footed shot from the right side of the box is close, but misses the top left corner. Assisted by Andrew Surman following a corner.
Corner,  Bournemouth. Conceded by Grant Hall.
Corner,  Bournemouth. Conceded by Grant Hall.
Attempt saved. Matt Ritchie (Bournemouth) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Simon Francis.
Attempt saved. Ryan Fraser (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Tokelo Rantie.
Marc Pugh (Bournemouth) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Callum Reilly (Birmingham City).
Attempt saved. Dan Gosling (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Attempt saved. Dan Gosling (Bournemouth) left footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Andrew Surman.
Offside, Birmingham City. Jonathan Grounds tries a through ball, but Koby Arthur is caught offside.
Goal!  Birmingham City 0, Bournemouth 8. Tokelo Rantie (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Matt Ritchie.
Ryan Fraser (Bournemouth) hits the right post with a right footed shot from the centre of the box. Assisted by Tokelo Rantie with a through ball.
Goal!  Birmingham City 0, Bournemouth 7. Marc Pugh (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Dan Gosling.
Attempt missed. Dan Gosling (Bournemouth) right footed shot from a difficult angle on the right misses to the left.
Goal!  Birmingham City 0, Bournemouth 6. Tokelo Rantie (Bournemouth) converts the penalty with a right footed shot to the bottom left corner.
Penalty Bournemouth. Simon Francis draws a foul in the penalty area.
Penalty conceded by David Cotterill (Birmingham City) after a foul in the penalty area.
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Simon Francis.
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Ryan Fraser.
Corner,  Birmingham City. Conceded by Tommy Elphick.
Attempt missed. Koby Arthur (Birmingham City) left footed shot from the right side of the box misses to the left. Assisted by David Cotterill.
Foul by Charlie Daniels (Bournemouth).
Paul Caddis (Birmingham City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. David Cotterill (Birmingham City) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Koby Arthur.
Offside, Bournemouth. Charlie Daniels tries a through ball, but Tokelo Rantie is caught offside.
Attempt blocked. Marc Pugh (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Offside, Bournemouth. Tokelo Rantie tries a through ball, but Marc Pugh is caught offside.
Substitution, Bournemouth. Ryan Fraser replaces Callum Wilson.
Goal!  Birmingham City 0, Bournemouth 5. Marc Pugh (Bournemouth) header from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Simon Francis with a cross.
Attempt missed. Matt Ritchie (Bournemouth) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses the top left corner. Assisted by Andrew Surman.
Substitution, Birmingham City. Koby Arthur replaces Lee Novak.
Attempt missed. Callum Wilson (Bournemouth) left footed shot from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Marc Pugh.
Substitution, Bournemouth. Tokelo Rantie replaces Brett Pitman.
Goal!  Birmingham City 0, Bournemouth 4. Marc Pugh (Bournemouth) header from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Simon Francis with a cross.
Foul by Steve Cook (Bournemouth).
Clayton Donaldson (Birmingham City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. Andrew Surman (Bournemouth) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner.
Attempt saved. Jonathan Grounds (Birmingham City) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Callum Reilly.