Scotland defender Charlie Mulgrew says the hosts are ready to take on England despite being "massive underdogs" for Saturday's World Cup qualifier.

The Scots have won only one of their last 10 meetings - and lost the return fixture 3-0 at Wembley in November.
But Mulgrew insists the Scots are "feeling good" after some hard training sessions before the Hampden Park match.
"It is a huge challenge ahead, England are a great team and we will be massive underdogs," said the Blackburn player.
"They are a top side. Every one of their players are world class and it is going to be difficult for us, but we are up for it and we will be ready for it when the game comes.
"I think everyone in the squad has confidence in their ability and that shows out there in training.
"The standard is very high, the tempo is very high. Everyone is buzzing. It is going to be a very difficult game, but it is one as a player you want to be involved in."
Scotland have not beaten England at home since 1985. Their only victory over the past 31 years was a 1-0 win at Wembley in 1999, which was not enough to overturn a 2-0 first-leg loss in a play-off for the 2000 European Championships.
"I remember Don Hutchison scoring at Wembley [in 1999] and I remember Euro 96 with Gazza [Paul Gascoigne] scoring that goal and doing the celebration," said 31-year-old Mulgrew.
"It is something I have grown up thinking about, playing in these type of games. You probably never think it is going to happen, but I am delighted to be here and have a chance of being involved."
Mulgrew, who admits he is "not sure yet" if he will stay at Blackburn next season following their relegation from the English Championship, says Scotland were "very unlucky" in their 3-0 defeat at Wembley in November.
The former Celtic player returned to the side for their last qualifier, playing at centre-back alongside Russell Martin in the 1-0 win over Slovenia at Hampden.
He believes the presence of six of his old club-mates, including captain Scott Brown, is "really beneficial" to Scotland's cause, fuelled by Celtic's treble-winning campaign and a 47-match unbeaten domestic run.
"You could see it in their performances against Slovenia and the improvement Brendan Rodgers has made to a lot of their players," Mulgrew noted.
"Scott's a great player to have in the squad and gives everyone a lift. He is getting fitter all the time and he knows age is only a number. He is looking the best I have seen him."
Scotland trail group leaders England by six points, and are two points adrift of second-placed Slovakia, with four more qualifiers left after Saturday's game.
There are nine European qualifying groups with each winner reaching next year's finals while the eight runners-up with the best record go into a play-off with the four victors also going to Russia.


Yaya Toure says racist abuse has the power to "break" players and wants to see tougher sanctions brought in.

Manchester City midfielder Toure, who suffered racist abuse at CSKA Moscow last season, was speaking as Fifa launched a system where match observers will monitor discrimination incidents.
"I have been in the situation where there have been monkey chants and it's difficult to deal with that," he said.
"When you hear something like that it hurts you and breaks you."
The Ivory Coast international, who turns 32 on Wednesday, said existing punishments do not go far enough.
"You need to give them a radical sanction - paying a £20,000 fine is not enough, you need to do more," said Toure, who was also subjected to racist abuse on social media in November.
The new system will identify, and send observers to, high-risk matches among the 900-plus qualifiers for the 2018 World Cup. All 64 games at the finals will also be monitored.
The system is being overseen by European anti-discrimination body Fare, whose executive director Piara Powar said: "If there is evidence of discrimination this will be passed to Fifa and there will be associations who will be banned or play behind closed doors.
"There will be some pain as a result of this process but without that pain people will not really understand how they should be tackling these issues."


Women, ethnic minority workers and employees in the service sector are less likely to qualify for automatic pension savings, a report has found.

A new system that automatically enrols workers into a pension scheme has been introduced gradually since 2012.
More than five million people have been enrolled as a result, receiving pension contributions from their employer.
But a report by the Pensions Policy Institute (PPI) shows that almost as many are ineligible to join.
A total of 4.8 million people are ineligible and not saving in a pension scheme.
The majority of them - 3.5 million people - do not earn the Â£10,000 a year minimum required to be included in the scheme.
Automatic enrolment started in October 2012. It is being introduced in stages. In June this year, firms employing fewer than 50 staff started the enrolment scheme.
A slice of an employee's pay packet is automatically diverted to a savings pot for their pension, assuming they are aged 22 or over and earning at least Â£10,000 a year.
Employers are obliged to pay in as well, with the government adding a little extra through tax relief.
Many pensions analysts have said that these savings, together with the state pension, will still be insufficient for an adequate pension income. The government has encouraged people to go further themselves when saving for their retirement.
The auto-enrolment system has widely been considered a success, owing to the large number of people being enrolled into a pension scheme compared with similar schemes around the world.
The PPI report suggested that 32% of employed women were ineligible to be enrolled automatically compared with 16% of male workers.
It also found employees from some ethnic minority groups were more likely to be below the earnings threshold required, most notably Bangladeshi workers.
Other findings included:
"The likelihood of meeting the automatic enrolment qualifying criteria is not evenly spread across the workforce," the PPI said.
"This should be a matter of concern to policymakers. The policy community will need to closely watch whether certain groups are in danger of being excluded from automatic enrolment, and discussions should be held about whether there are potential policy levers which need to be put in place to ensure greater equality of coverage."


The Queen has met her new great-granddaughter Princess Charlotte for the first time at Kensington Palace.

The princess, who is fourth in line to the throne, was born on Saturday at London's St Mary's Hospital, weighing 8lbs 3oz (3.7kg).
Kensington Palace revealed on Monday that she had been named Charlotte Elizabeth Diana.
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have formally registered the birth of their second child.
The Duke of Cambridge signed the birth register at Kensington Palace on Tuesday, witnessed by a registrar from Westminster Register Office.
The document gives the date and place of Princess Charlotte's birth, and her full name as Her Royal Highness Princess Charlotte Elizabeth Diana of Cambridge.
The Queen is believed to have arrived in London from her Sandringham estate in Norfolk.
The meeting was the first time a serving sovereign had met a great-granddaughter born in direct succession on the male line since Queen Victoria met George VI's sister Princess Mary, who was born 118 years ago in 1897.
The princess has had several other visitors, including the Prince of Wales and Duchess of Cornwall who spent more than an hour with their new granddaughter on Sunday.
The Duchess of Cambridge's parents, Michael and Carole Middleton, and sister Pippa have also met their newest relative.
The duke and duchess and their daughter have been at home in Kensington Palace since leaving hospital on Saturday evening.
It is understood they will remain there for the time being before travelling to their country home, Anmer Hall, on the Queen's Sandringham estate, in Norfolk.
Daniela Relph, BBC royal correspondent, said the next time Charlotte would be seen with the Queen would be at her christening.
The Queen and other senior royals were told of the baby's name before the announcement was made public.
Charlotte, the feminine form of Charles, has a long royal pedigree and became popular in the 18th Century when it was the name of George III's queen.
The King bought Buckingham House in 1761 for his wife Queen Charlotte to use as a family home close to St James's Palace - it became known as the Queen's House and is now Buckingham Palace.
According to figures from the Office for National Statistics, Charlotte is the 21st most popular girl's name in England and Wales with 2,242 babies being given it in 2013.
On Monday, gun salutes took place in London to mark the birth. Gun salutes are a tradition on the birth of every prince or princess.
Soldiers from The King's Troop Royal Horse Artillery rode out in a procession from Wellington Barracks, near Buckingham Palace, to sound 41 shots in Hyde Park .
At the same time, the Honourable Artillery Company left their Armoury House barracks in the City of London to fire a 62-gun salute at the Tower of London.


Ex-captain Sam Warburton says Wales' players will have to be "harsh on each other" in reviewing the 29-13 Six Nations defeat in Scotland.

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Wales led 13-6 but ultimately lost to Scotland for the first time since 2007.
Coach Rob Howley conceded his side's title hopes are over and Warburton said there was plenty to ponder.
"We need to have a good, honest debrief of the game, with players putting their hands up when they've made mistakes," he said.
"We need to do that to learn and need to be harsh on each other."
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Warburton, replaced by Alun Wyn Jones as captain before the championship, acknowledged Wales were not accurate enough in the second half at Murrayfield.
"Our accuracy in the Scottish 22 let us down on a few occasions," Warburton added.
"There were a couple of moments where we had line-outs or line breaks and didn't get anything."
The Cardiff Blues flanker was diplomatic over the confused incident when Wales ended up kicking to the corner without success, despite captain Jones preferring to take a shot at goal.
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"The call was to go to the corner and we backed that," Warburton told BBC Wales Sport.
"When you are within the 15-metres in the 22 it's quite a difficult kick and it's a 50/50 decision whether to go for the posts or the corner.
"It was a bold decision and the right one. We went for a 13-man lineout, which has been successful for us in the past, and if we executed that properly we would have gone over.
"Playing against a good Scottish team we had to get tries, we had to get something more than three points and I back that decision."
Wales are out of contention for the 2017 Six Nations title after taking just one bonus point from defeats against Scotland and England in the last two rounds.
But Warburton, who has led Wales 49 times, insists the team will not be short of motivation when they face an Ireland team still bidding for the title on Friday, 10 March in Cardiff.
"There is no greater motivation than playing at a packed Principality Stadium," he said.
"You can't win a championship losing two games so we know that's gone. For the rest of the campaign we are playing for pride and there are so many Welsh fans that come to Scotland.
"We appreciate that they spend a lot of time and money coming to watch us play so to put in a good performance for them at home is what they deserve from us."


Ten people have died in the Indian state of Punjab after a siege at a police station was brought to an end by security forces.

All three attackers were killed, along with seven other people, including the Punjab state police superintendent.
The attackers first hijacked a car then opened fire at a bus station before entering the police station in Gurdaspur district, officials said.
Police believe that the attackers are from Indian-administered Kashmir.
Gurdaspur Police Chief Salwinder Singh told the BBC: "The operation to flush out attackers is over. All three attackers have been killed."
The six victims included four policemen - among them police superintendent Baljit Singh - and three civilians.
The attackers were armed with automatic weapons and dressed in military fatigues.
Such assaults are common in disputed Kashmir, but attacks in neighbouring Punjab are extremely rare.
Gurdaspur's deputy police commissioner Abhinav Trikha told the AFP news agency that the attackers had holed up inside the residential quarters at the police station and were "firing continuously".
"They were dressed in army uniforms and came in a Maruti [Suzuki] car," he told reporters at the scene.
Security forces also found bombs nearby on the railway tracks at the Dinanagar railway station, according to Indian media.
Gurdaspur is a vast and rural district, not as prosperous as other districts in Punjab. It is not immediately an obvious choice for an assault such as this.
But this is not the first time it has seen such an attack: five years ago people witnessed a bloody gun battle in the district between militants and local policemen.
And it is also one of Punjab's most populous districts, sandwiched between the state's two major rivers, Ravi and Beas, and sharing common boundaries with Indian-administered Kashmir and Pakistan.
Locals believe that this time the gunmen may have come from Indian-administered Kashmir or slipped in through some of the porous parts of the riverine tracts of the international border with Pakistan.
Jitendra Singh, India's junior minister for home affairs, suggested the attackers may have come across the border from Pakistan.
"There have been earlier reports of cross-border infiltration [in Gurdaspur] and Pakistani mischief in the area," he told reporters.
The Pakistani foreign ministry condemned the attack. "Pakistan reiterates its condemnation of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations," it said in a statement.
"We extend heartfelt sympathies and condolences to the government and people of India."


A student whose mother and teenage brother were stabbed to death is focusing on caring for her father who was also injured in the attack.

Lydia Wilkinson said she did not know at first whether her father Peter was going to survive the stabbing at their home in Stourbridge on 30 March.
She said looking after him was a "massive relief and an opportunity I didn't think I was going to have".
"I will miss them both so much," the 18-year-old added.
Aaron Barley, 23, of no fixed address, has been charged with their murders and with the attempted murder of Mr Wilkinson.
Lydia, who was at university at the time 50-year-old Tracey and 13-year-old Pierce were stabbed, spoke of her devastation.
Mrs Wilkinson was pronounced dead at the scene. Pierce died in hospital after paramedics battled to save him.
"For me especially it is a case of taking every day as it comes and counting your blessings and using the support around, definitely."
For more on this and other Birmingham and Black Country news
She paid tribute to staff at Birmingham's Queen Elizabeth hospital who saved her father.
Lydia had been planning to collect Pierce from school the next day.
"I still can't believe that I will never see him again or pick him up from school on that Friday like I promised to do," she said.
"He was just so bubbly and full of life and he really did light up a room with his mannerisms and impressions."
Mr Wilkinson, who spent six days in intensive care, said he was "on the mend".
He suffered facial lacerations, "dozens of deep stab wounds and almost 100 stitches".
"It will take some time but obviously the emotional pain will take forever," he said.
Mr Wilkinson said: "I didn't find out until I woke up in intensive care that Pierce had not made it. It was devastating. Absolutely devastating."
He added his wife had been a "fantastic mum" and a compassionate, kind person."
"She was just beautiful, she was our angel," he said.


A woman accused of murdering her half-sister with a casserole dish had previously threatened to ram a mop down her throat, a court has been told.

Nikki Collingbourne, 26, was found dead at her flat in Ivel Court, Letchworth, Hertfordshire, in May.
Yvonne Caylor, 53, is on trial at Luton Crown Court where she denies murder.
The court was played a police video of an interview with Ms Collingbourne who was questioned after Ms Caylor had complained she had been assaulted.
Six months later, Ms Caylor, of Grove Road, Hitchin, is said to have disguised herself as a man before going to Ms Collingbourne's flat and killing her.
The prosecution alleges the motive for the murder goes back to 3 October 2015 when Ms Collingbourne evicted Ms Caylor from the flat in Ivel Court.
Ms Caylor claimed Ms Collingbourne had assaulted her and, while the younger woman was in the custody of Hertfordshire Police, it is alleged Ms Caylor burgled the flat.
No action was taken against Ms Collingbourne, but Ms Caylor was charged and was due to stand trial accused of burglary and attempting to pervert the course of justice.
The case was in a "warned list" at Cambridge Crown Court starting on 23 May, the day of the alleged murder.
In the police interview on 4 October 2015, Ms Collingbourne said Ms Caylor had been staying with her, but was due to leave. On 3 October she said there was a confrontation in which Ms Caylor threw her iPad with force, smashing it to the floor.
Ms Collingbourne told an officer: "I was trying to keep calm. It became worse and worse. She was pinning me against a wall saying 'I am going to...  kill you.'
"I took her stuff to the front door. She got a mop. She said, 'I am going to ram this down your throat'. It fell on the floor."
Ms Collingbourne denied to the officers in the interview striking out at Ms Caylor or grabbing her by the neck.
The case continues.


Four Nigerian farmers are due to hear whether their case against Dutch oil giant Shell has been successful.

The farmers are suing the company in a civil court in The Hague, claiming oil spills ruined their livelihoods.
Shell denies any wrongdoing, saying that the leaks were caused by sabotage and theft and that it does try to clean up oil spills.
A defeat for the company could pave the way for multinationals to face thousands of other compensation claims.
The case is being brought against Shell by the four farmers and the Dutch arm of the environmental group Friends of the Earth.
It is the first time a Dutch multinational has been taken to a civil court in the Netherlands in connection with damage caused abroad.
The case is linked to spills in Goi, Ogoniland; Oruma in Bayelsa State and a third in Ikot Ada Udo, Akwa Ibom State.
The prosecution asked the judges to force Shell to do three things: clean up the mess created by oil leaks in the three villages, repair and maintain the defective pipelines and pay compensation.
But Shell has previously blamed "widespread and continual criminal activity, including sabotage, theft and illegal refining, that causes the vast majority of oil spills".
It has said it does try to clean up regardless but is hampered by insecurity in the region.
It is the potential implications of this case which makes it so compelling, says the BBC's Anna Holligan in The Hague.
If the judges find Shell guilty, other multinationals may be held accountable at home for damage done overseas, our correspondent says.
In a key 2009 ruling, a district court in the Netherlands declared itself "competent" to handle claims for alleged damage caused by the oil company's activities in the Niger Delta, contrary to Shell's argument that the court did not have the jurisdiction to rule on its Nigerian subsidiary.
A report by the United Nations Environment Programme in 2011 said that more than half a century of oil operation in the region, by firms including Shell, had caused deeper damage to the Ogoniland area of the Niger Delta than earlier estimated.
The company has accepted responsibility for two specific spills in the region in 2008, saying it would settle the case under Nigerian law.


A heroic airman who rescued the entire crew of a stranded container ship says the ordeal is "burnt into my memory".

Jay O'Donnell recalled the day he managed to get all 26 crew members winched from the MSC Napoli's lifeboat on to Royal Navy helicopters in 40ft waves.
The rescue effort 10 years ago was 46 miles off the Cornish coast and lasted four hours.
"I had some really close moments where I thought 'this might be it'," he said.
More on the Napoli grounding, and other news
The 62,000-tonne vessel had been badly damaged in a storm in the English channel on 18 January 2007 and started taking in water through a hole in its side.
Petty Officer O'Donnell was winched from an RNAS Culdrose based Royal Navy Search and Rescue helicopter into the sea to rescue the crew.
He then swam through a 40ft swell to the ship's lifeboat where the crew had gathered and proceeded to attach all 26 to the winch line one at a time.
Mr O'Donnell recalled: "The lifeboat they were in had very little control and was rolling all over the place. And the more people we got off, the lighter it was and the more unstable it became.
"We were absolutely fuel critical - the helicopter crew was signalling how many minutes we had left.
"When we got back we were literally on fumes. But I knew they'd come back for me if they had to.
"That day was the most dramatic I've ever seen the sea," he said.
He was awarded the Queen's gallantry medal for his part in the rescue.
The huge ship ran aground in the following days.
Up to 200 tonnes of oil leaked from the vessel, which had to be broken up with explosives.
Motorbikes, pet food, wine barrels and anti-wrinkle cream were among the varied items that washed up on Branscombe beach in Devon.
Scavengers arrived in their droves from around the country to explore shipping containers - being transported from Antwerp to South Africa - scattered along the coast.
As news spread hundreds of people arrived to view the scene, with some scouring the wreckage for free booty.
The beach was shut by police after the roads leading to it became clogged with visitors.
Coastguard officials pumped 3,500 tonnes of oil from the vessel to prevent more fuel leaking into the sea.
The bow section was towed to the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast to go for scrap, while the ship's 13.5 tonne anchor was put on display in Branscombe.
The salvage and wreck removal operations officially ended in July 2009 with an estimated salvage cost of £50m.


Super League side Warrington Wolves have completed the cross-code signing of Yorkshire Carnegie winger Taylor Prell on an 18-month contract.

The 20-year-old former England Under-20 international had been on trial at Wolves where he scored four tries in a reserve game against Hull FC.
"He's shown on the training park that he's able to pick up our game," head coach Tony Smith said.
"Which is a big ask for someone who's played another sport."
Prell was out of contract at the rugby union Championship side Yorkshire this summer and his new deal runs until November 2018.
"I've always liked rugby league and enjoyed watching it and I thought it was an opportunity to have a switch of codes," he said.
"Ultimately, I'd love to reach the top as everyone wants to play for England and represent their country - that would be my highest aim - but I'd love to get a run-out for the first team this season too."


The centuries-old tradition of church bell-ringing is under threat because of a shortage of new recruits.

A BBC local radio survey suggests it is getting more difficult to persuade newcomers to take the practice up.
Three-quarters of delegates to the annual conference of the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers said it had got harder in the past 10 years to attract new members.
About eight out of 10 delegates said it was difficult to recruit under 21s.
Tower captain at St James Garlickhythe in London Dickon Love said bell-ringing tended to get bracketed with Morris dancing as a pursuit for old men with beards, but that was misleading.
"Bell-ringing is exciting for the mind," he said.
"It's the best of form of heavy metal; it's a big loud noise, it keeps you fit, there's a competitive element as well. And it's a very social thing to do - after each practice without fail you can find us down the local pub."
They have been able to lure in some new recruits and have a new set of eight bells, installed four years ago, and a newly-recruited band of ringers, including a professor of astrophysics and the art director of a well-known magazine.
Pete McCoy, the tower captain at St Mary's Church in Walkley in Sheffield - who met his wife Judith bell-ringing - said teenagers today have more distractions than when he was young.
He said: "There weren't so many things for a teenager or young person to do as there are today.
"And is it cool to ring bells? I think it is. But does everyone else?"
Although there are nearly 40,000 ringers in the UK, just over half of the 180 delegates questioned at the conference in May in Portsmouth said they thought declining church attendances have made it harder to recruit.
54%
Agree
43%
Disagree
Kate Flavell, of the Central Council of Church Bell Ringers, says the 66 affiliated societies need to do more to promote their hobby.
They have teamed up with the Heritage Open Days initiative to ring bells for the public at 500 sites including at St Peter Mancroft in Norwich, where the first "full peal" was staged in May 1715.


The PM is to ask his cabinet to endorse a one-day Commons debate and vote on Wednesday over UK air strikes against so-called Islamic State in Syria.

David Cameron said there was "growing" parliamentary support for air strikes, saying it was "the right thing to do" and in the national interest.
Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn is granting his MPs a free vote on the matter.
He has criticised the decision not to hold a two-day debate, saying Mr Cameron should "stop the rush to war".
Mr Cameron said he would recommend that a debate and vote is held to extend air strikes against Isil in Iraq to Syria in order to "answer the call from our allies and work with them, because Isil is a threat to our country and this is the right thing to do".
Prior to Mr Cameron's statement, Mr Corbyn called for two days' of debate ahead of any vote, saying a single day "would inevitably lead to important contributions being curtailed".
But Mr Cameron - who was speaking in Downing Street shortly after returning from the Paris climate summit - said there would a "very long and full" debate.
"We will take the action necessary to make sure we have, in many ways, the equivalent number of questions we would often have across a two-day debate in one day," he said.
"I want MPs to be able to have full consideration, to make speeches, to make points, to ask me questions, to examine the government's case," he added.
David Cameron was always adamant that he would only take the question to the House of Commons if he could be absolutely sure of getting a majority.
A fair number of MPs are yet to decide, so numbers could fluctuate in the coming days. But a totting up of the likely sums suggests that ministers are secure of getting what they want.
Informed guesses in Westminster suggest around 380 MPs might be ready to vote for action, with only around 260 or so opposing - a comfortable majority by any stretch.
But the PM has bigger, long-term questions to ask about the bombing campaign if he gets his way.
Will it make any difference? Are there really troops on the ground we can trust? What's the exit strategy? Intervention in Libya gave him short term success, but a long-term headache.
Read more from Laura.
Its understood there will be no Prime Minister's Questions on Wednesday, to allow for a full day's debate on Syria.
The debate will begin at 11:30 and continue until 22:00 GMT.
The motion for debate is to be published later on Tuesday.
It is described as "an inclusive" motion which will also stress the humanitarian and diplomatic approach, as well as highlighting the UN support for action.
The prime minister has previously said he would not call a debate and vote on the issue unless he was confident he could win it.
Asked if he felt he now had the numbers in the Commons, he said he believed there was "growing support across Parliament" for the "compelling case" to act against Isil in Syria and in Iraq.
Mr Cameron said the Islamic State group - also referred to as IS, Isil or Daesh - was a threat to the UK's security.
"The headquarters in many ways of the terrorists actually is in Syria - and it makes no sense to recognise this border in the action we take when Isil themselves don't recognise this border.
"So it's in the national interests, it's the right thing to do. We'll be acting with our allies, we'll be careful and responsible as we do so. But in my view it's right to do this to help keep our country safe."
Mr Cameron said RAF strikes against IS targets in Iraq - action authorised by MPs in September 2014 - had been "successful".
"It's shrunk Isil territory by 30%, it's damaged their infrastructure, it's set them back - it's right to extend that action to Syria," he said.
And he said military action would be part of "a broader strategy" that included political, diplomatic and humanitarian efforts.
He acknowledged that the strategy would "take time".
But he said it was right to go after "the terrorists who threaten people in our country just as they attacked and killed those people on the streets of Paris, on the streets of Ankara, on the streets of Beirut, and indeed British people on the beaches of Tunisia".
A spokesman for Mr Corbyn said: "By refusing a full two-day debate, David Cameron is demonstrating he knows the debate is running away from him, and that the case he made last week is falling apart.
"The prime minister should stop the rush to war to allow for a full discussion of the issues in parliament.
"Matters of national security are far too important to be bulldozed through the House of Commons for political convenience."
To win the vote, Mr Cameron will need enough Labour MPs to back military intervention to make up for Conservative MPs who oppose the action.
The UK Parliament's third largest party - the SNP - opposes bombing IS in Syria.
The announcement that Labour MPs would be given a free vote came after a meeting of Labour's shadow cabinet on Monday afternoon.
Mr Corbyn is opposed to military intervention in Syria, but some in his shadow cabinet and the parliamentary Labour Party support the government's case.
BBC chief political correspondent Vicki Young said Mr Corbyn had wanted Labour to officially oppose air strikes, but was forced to back down by his shadow cabinet team.
A spokesman for Mr Corbyn said the shadow cabinet had "accepted his recommendation" of a free vote.


A man jumped off The Shard with a parachute on Saturday morning and landed on a south London street.

Witness Justin Knock captured images of the base jump and said the "dangerous" move was "skilfully" done with the jumper landing on his feet.
The base jumper landed at St Thomas's Street at about 10:18 GMT, police said, adding that no-one has been arrested.
A spokesperson for The Shard said: "We are investigating an incident involving a member of the public this morning."
The 87-storey building at London Bridge stands at 1,016ft (310m).
Eyewitness Mr Knock, said: "I was buying some cheese from the store opposite St Thomas's Street and looked up and this guy was coming down with his parachute.
"It was obviously a dangerous thing to do but he pulled it off skilfully. He was coming down at speed and if he caught a draft and hit the building it would be game over really."
He and another man bundled up the parachute within seconds of landing and left the scene. Police and staff from the building arrived at the scene soon after, Mr Knock said.


A doctor has been convicted of carrying out a catalogue of rape and abuse against two women.

Michael Lever, 46, attacked one woman in Ayr and another victim at locations in the Borders, Glasgow and Edinburgh.
The High Court in Edinburgh heard the women were compelled to take part in acts which judge Lord Uist described as "unpleasant and indeed...disgusting".
The judge asked for psychiatric reports on Lever, who is being held at the State Hospital at Carstairs.
Lord Uist also placed the doctor on the sex offenders' register.
The judge told jurors on Wednesday: "It is most unfortunate you have had to deal with a case of this nature."
He said it was an "unpleasant and indeed, in many ways, disgusting case".
During the trial, one of Lever's victims told the court she had been told to consume a drink containing the drug GHB, sometimes known as liquid ecstasy.
The next day she woke up naked, covered in sick and saw "pornographic material" playing on a DVD.
She said from her physical symptoms it was obvious that sexual contact had taken place.
The victim also told the court that Lever had engaged in a type of sexual activity she had not wanted and that "there was blood everywhere".
Another woman said that Lever told her he was head of the Israeli intelligence service, Mossad.
She said he told her that if she did not do what he wanted he would have to kill her.
She said Lever was "deadly serious" when he made the threat.
The 45-year-old said: "Looking back now it was like I was being groomed like a teenage girl."
She said that "having fun" for Lever was taking drugs and playing with her sexually.
The court also heard details of the victims being tied up and forced to perform sex acts in front of a webcam and Lever ignoring their distress.
One witness told the trial that she found one of the victims in a wardrobe naked with her arms tied, looking badly bruised and crying.
Lever had denied raping and sexually assaulting the women but was unanimously convicted of the offences.
The court heard that he was a qualified doctor but had not practised since 2004.
He was in the process of taking up a post at a hospital in Ayr when he was detained in 2013.
Lord Uist said he would have to seek psychiatric reports before deciding on how to deal with Lever.


US Vogue has apologised for "missing the mark" by saying Zayn Malik and his girlfriend Gigi Hadid were "embracing gender fluidity".

In an interview, the former One Directioner and the US model talked about borrowing each other's clothes.
They were photographed in colourful, fairly androgynous clothes.
But readers mocked the magazine for its definition of the phrase, pointing out that what you wear does not make you "gender fluid".
Many on social media pointed out that the term refers to people with a particular transgender identity, who do not conform to societal expectations of male or female or identify as either.
For instance Jacob Tobia wrote in Cosmopolitan: "If you're going to talk about a marginalised community, talk to that community.
"Unlike how this new Vogue cover shoot presents it, the lived experience of being gender-nonconforming is rarely that fun and glamorous."
Vogue describes a conversation between the pair, with Hadid telling Malik: "I shop in your closet all the time, don't I?".
The 24-year-old singer then replies that he borrowed an Anna Sui T-shirt from her, adding: "I like that shirt. And if it's tight on me, so what? It doesn't matter if it was made for a girl."
Hadid, 22, agrees, saying: "Totally. It's not about gender. It's about, like, shapes. And what feels good on you that day.
"And anyway, it's fun to experiment."
Vogue writer Maya Singer comments in the piece, in US Vogue's August issue, that for many young people "gender is a more or less arbitrary distraction" and that there is "a terrific opportunity for play".
She says "this new blase attitude toward gender codes marks a radical break", adding: "For these millennials, at least, descriptives like boy or girl rank pretty low on the list of important qualities - and the way they dress reflects that."
But poet Tyler Ford, who's quoted in the accompanying article exploring gender norms, tweeted (with an eyeroll emoji): "The only mention of the word 'trans' is by me via interview."
Journalist and author Hannah Orenstein said she would have preferred Tyler to have been profiled instead of Hadid and Malik, tweeting: "Zayn and Gigi are profiled in this piece on gender fluidity because... they borrow each other's clothes sometimes?"
Another reader noted on Twitter: "Y'all notice Zayn isn't out here wearing dresses."
And Colette Fahy wrote: "All Z & G say is that they borrow each other's clothes. Such a big jump for the mag to declare gender fluidity."
In a statement issued on Friday, a Vogue spokeswoman said: "The story was intended to highlight the impact the gender-fluid, non-binary communities have had on fashion and culture.
"We are very sorry the story did not correctly reflect that spirit - we missed the mark.
"We do look forward to continuing the conversation with greater sensitivity."
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


With the 2014 World Cup less than a year away, all eyes will be on Brazil over the next fortnight as they stage a dress rehearsal for next year's main event.

Among the eight participating nations in this year's Confederations Cup, which starts on Saturday, are some of the world's best footballers as they compete over 16 matches and six different venues to give a glimpse of what is in store in Brazil 2014.
From world champions Spain, to goal-line technology, to the romance of Tahiti's involvement, the tournament will be sure to attract the attention of football fans across the world.
Group A:
Group B:
Semi-finals:
Third place play-off
Final:
The Confederations Cup has brought together the world and continental champions since the 1990s, but its origins can be traced back to a tournament that was once very different.
Now, the competition takes place every four years and features the reigning champions of the six confederations that make up Fifa, with Spain travelling as representatives of European governing body Uefa.
The final two places are taken by the World Cup holders, plus the next hosts, although with Spain the reigning world and European champions, Euro 2012 runners-up Italy have been invited as the eighth team.
In 1980, Uruguay hosted the Copa D'Oro, also known as the Little World Cup, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the World Cup, which had also been held in Uruguay. The six winners of the World Cup were all invited, with only England declining the invitation. Their place was taken by the Netherlands, World Cup runners-up in 1974 and 1978.
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The next attempt at a global competition outside of the World Cup was the Artemio Franchi Trophy, contested in 1985 and 1993 between the winners of the European Championships and the Copa America and named after the late Uefa president.
By then, the Confederations Cup had already been born in all but name. The first King Fahd Cup, named after Saudi Arabia's leader, was held in the Arab state in 1992 and is recognised by Fifa as the first staging of the current tournament. It was played between the Saudi national team and three continental champions: Argentina, USA and Ivory Coast. Three years later, the European and Asian champions also took part to swell the number of teams to six.
In 1997 Fifa became the organisers of the renamed Confederations Cup. It took place biennially but since 2005 has been held every four years as a World Cup warm-up.
Having started as a relatively small-time affair between the winners of four continental cups, the Confederations Cup is now of paramount importance.
This year's tournament, as it did for South Africa in 2009, Germany in 2005 and Japan and South Korea in 2001, gives Brazil the perfect opportunity to fine-tune its hosting skills ahead of putting on one of sport's greatest events next year.
The state of their stadiums, transport links, ticket sales, marketing campaigns and many other factors will be being tested out ahead of the next year's showpiece.
There were 160,000 of the 826,628 tickets remaining ahead of a 'last-minute sales stage' at the start of June.
"These figures prove that the Fifa Confederations Cup including four Fifa World Cup champions in the line-up is a highly anticipated event," said Thierry Weil, Fifa marketing director.
"The Brazilians will provide the global TV audience with a glimpse of what kind of stadium atmosphere to expect in 2014: full stands and a great reception for all teams in return for football at its best on the pitch."
While the Confederations Cup is very much regarded as a practice event for the following year's World Cup, Spain's Cesc Fabregas has been quick to stress the importance of the tournament to the players.
He said: "We will treat the competition as a World Cup or a European Championship; that feeling that you can finish your career after taking the European Championship, the World Cup and the Confederations is very important for us and for the fans even more."
Hosts and reigning Confederations Cup champions Brazil boast an array of attacking talent in their squad as they bid to lay down a marker ahead of next year's World Cup.
Veterans Ronaldinho and Kaka may have been surprise omissions by the head coach Luiz Felipe Scolari, but with Barcelona new boy Neymar and Chelsea's Oscar in their ranks, the Samba boys have no shortage of fire power.
Gianluigi Buffon (Italy), Dani Alves (Brazil). Alvaro Arbeloa (Spain), Gerard Pique (Spain), Giorgio Chiellini (Italy), John Obi-Mikel (Nigeria), Xavi (Spain), Keisuke Honda (Japan), Luis Suarez (Uruguay), Neymar (Brazil), Javier Hernandez (Mexico)
"We could lose out in terms of experience, but we will make up for that with the enthusiasm which the young players bring," said Scolari, who has also overlooked Chelsea's Ramires and the former Milan striker Alexandre Pato for the tournament.
Brazil, who drew with England in a warm-up match, are ranked at a lowly 22 in the world but will be fancied by many to claim their third consecutive Confederations Cup success, and their fourth overall.
They know they will not have things their own way though, with the current world and European champions Spain also naming a strong squad for the tournament.
Spain contain a number of English Premier League stars in their ranks, including Fernando Torres, Juan Mata and Santi Cazorla, while possessing a talented midfield including Xavi and Andres Iniesta.
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"It's almost impossible to have every player who merited a place," said coach Del Bosque. "Cesc Fabregas, [David] Villa, Torres and Soldado are our four strikers. You could just as easily ask why we didn't include [Imanol] Agirretxe, Iago Aspas, Michu.
"We can't bring in everybody. We've deemed it fit to call up Soldado because he's had a great season. We've called up those players who are going to help us have the best tournament.
"It's impossible to please everyone. Some will say why are players like Xavi going who are tired. They all want to be here and are looking forward to it. No-one has said they don't want to be in the Confederations Cup."
South American champions Uruguay will be dangerous opponents, boasting a forward line of Liverpool's Luis Suarez, former Manchester United striker Diego Forlan and Napoli's Edinson Cavani.
Tahiti qualified for the Confederations Cup by winning the 2012 Oceania Nations Cup with a 1-0 final victory over New Caledonia to become the first side other than Australia and New Zealand to win the tournament since it began in 1973.
Tahiti's squad is comprised almost entirely of amateurs, including office workers, labourers, school teachers and salesman, nearly all of whom ply their trade in the local competition on French Polynesia's main island.
There is only one professional in the squad - forward Marama Vahirua, who is 33, a former French Under-21s international and who has yet to play a senior international for Tahiti.
"Many people are surprised we actually play football on grass and not just on the beach for fun, but we do and we are improving at it," Henri Thierry Ariiotima, president of the Tahiti FA, said.
"Just being involved in the Confederations Cup really gives us the chance to improve and having to organise the Beach World Cup for Fifa with 16 teams proves we have the capacity and potential to play a real part in world football.
"We know our limitations and we know we face very hard opponents in the Confederations Cup, but playing the world champions at the Maracana is an impossible dream that has been made real. I just hope we get our tactics right.
"Of course we will probably lose, but we don't want to lose by too many goals."
It will be the second time a Fifa tournament has used goal-line technology after it was brought in at the Club World Cup in Japan last December.
German-based manufacturer GoalControl will be used in Brazil and will continue at the World Cup a year later, provided the performance reaches the requirements.
Fifa president Sepp Blatter pushed for technology after Frank Lampard's goal was ruled out in England's 4-1 defeat by Germany in the 2010 World Cup.
British-based Hawk-Eye was one of four firms that had bid for the tender.
Fifa said in a statement: "The final decision was based on criteria relating more specifically to the tournaments in Brazil, including the company's ability to adapt to local conditions and the compatibility of each GLT system."
GoalControl, which employs 14 high-speed cameras located around the pitch directed at both goals, uses cameras to determine whether the ball has crossed the line.
Neymar (Brazil):
The 21-year-old striker completed a £48.6m move from Brazilian club Santos to Spanish champions Barcelona in early June.
He has scored 20 goals in 33 appearances for his country and over the last few years was linked with moves to Manchester United, Chelsea and Real Madrid.
He helped Santos to their greatest run since Brazil legend Pele stopped playing for the club in the 1970s, helping them win the 2010 Brazilian Cup, the 2011 Copa Libertadores and three straight Sao Paulo state championships.
Edinson Cavani (Uruguay):
The 26-year-old Napoli striker is reported to be a target for new Chelsea boss Jose Mourinho.
Cavani, known as El Matador, has scored 104 goals in three seasons for the Naples club - only 11 behind the total the legendary Diego Maradona managed in seven seasons there.
He has scored 13 goals for Uruguay since making his debut in 2008.
Fernando Torres (Spain):
The Chelsea striker has been recalled to Spain's Confederations Cup squad, having been omitted by coach Vicente del Bosque in recent times.
The 29-year-old scored 22 goals in 64 appearances for Chelsea last season and was a regular scorer in the Blues' successful Europa League campaign.
He will be desperate to show new Chelsea boss Jose Mourinho what he is still capable of ahead of the next campaign.
Javier Hernandez (Mexico):
The Manchester United striker was a key figure in helping Mexico reach the tournament, scoring seven goals to win the 2011 Concacaf Gold Cup.
Robin van Persie's arrival at Old Trafford restricted him to limited starts last season but he still hit 18 goals in all competitions.
The 25-year-old signed from Chivas de Guadalajara in July 2010.
Steevy Chong Hue (Tahiti):
The 23-year-old striker was Tahiti's goal-scoring hero to win the Oceania Nations Cup last year and book their place in the Confederations Cup for the first time.
Chong Hue is the only French Polynesia-born player on their roster to be born and bred away from the nation's main land mass, being a native of Raiatea, an island of just 12,000 inhabitants.
He has scored seven goals in 15 games for Tahiti and plays for AS Dragon in the Tahiti first division.


The new political party formed by former Ulster Unionists Basil McCrea and John McCallister is to be called NI21, the BBC understands.

The two MLAs left the Ulster Unionist Party over a decision to field a joint by-election candidate with the DUP.
The new party is to be officially launched on Thursday when the new name is to be unveiled.
But the BBC has discovered that Lagan Valley MLA Basil McCrea has already registered the name as a website.
Documents seen by the BBC show that  Lagan Valley MLA Mr McCrea registered the name ni21.org. When you go to that internet address, it states that a new party website is launching soon.
BBC NI Political Reporter Stephen Walker said: "The name is presumably a reference to new politics in Northern Ireland in the 21st century.
"Other research by the BBC shows that one of Mr McCrea's supporters tried to get in contact with the Taiwanese owner of a Twitter account with the same name."
Mr McCrea would neither confirm nor deny the name and said such talk was speculation.
The name and logo of the new party will be unveiled on Thursday.


It's a cold, grey morning as we set off for the Farne Islands.

Located just off the coast of Northumberland, in the north of England, they are a haven for wildlife - especially grey seals. There are estimated to be 5,000 of them living here.
Our boat approaches one of islands and it is covered in the marine mammals; some lulling about on the rocks, others playing in the shallows.
"Grey seals spend about a third of their time hauled out and about two-thirds of their time at sea. And most of the research that's been done has been on their behaviour on the land," says Ben Burville, who has been diving with seals for years.
Now, working with the University of Newcastle, he has launched Project Grypus. He is attempting to capture seal behaviour on camera that's never been seen before.
And I'm joining him for an icy dip to see the animals up close.
Wetsuit and flippers donned, and snorkel at the ready, I plunge into the North Sea.
The shock of the cold is piercing, but is soon forgotten as the seals start to emerge from the gloom of the water.
So cumbersome on land, they are fast and sleek beneath the waves. Dozens of the animals surround us as they twist and turn in the water.
They seem as interested in us as we are in them.
"Most of the really interesting behaviour you see is underwater in their natural environment," says Burville.
"What we're seeing is quite a lot mating behaviour actually underwater, down to depths of eight metres. It happens a lot more than people think.
"There's also quite a lot of bull seal activity, where they will - for want of a better term - wrestle with each other, pushing with each other. They're competing perhaps for their hierarchical position so they don't have to fight on the land."
He's also recorded the animals dining on jellyfish and taking a submerged nap among the thick strands of kelp. He has also spotted the seals performing a bizarre move where they swim upside down, scraping their backs along the seabed.
The noises the animals make are also an important focus for this project.
And as we take a break between dives, the ghostly call of the animals carries on the wind.
"It almost sounds like crying babies - but it's the mothers calling to their pups," , says Per Berggren,  a marine ecologist at Newcastle University who is working with Burville and the National Trust to study the Farne Island's seals.
"The mothers establish a vocal bond so the pups know where they are."
He's using a hydrophone to record the animals underwater and matching the vocalisations to the different types of behaviour captured by on film.
"We have recorded big males here that exhibit very specific vocal behaviours. And we believe this is possibly a way the males are competing with each other, and it is really showing how strong they are.
"They obviously compete for access to females, and it's possible that they use this non-confrontational way of competing by vocalising.
He added: "This is a relatively new field: previously people had mainly studied the sounds above water, so we are trying to get a better understanding of this here on the Farne Islands."
It's estimated that 40% of the world's grey seals live around the UK coast, and the Farne Islands have an important colony.
The animals were once culled there as recently as the 1980s, but now their numbers have bounced back.
And his time of year is a peak season for the animals. On the islands, just-born pups, fluffy and white, stand out against the dark rocks, and the adults are beginning to mate again.
But a higher than expected number of baby seals are dying.
One theory is that the pup's mothers are leaving them alone for too long. The team hopes that revealing what the mothers get up to when they are underwater, away from their babies, will explain why this is happening.
"We have seen a very high pup mortality on the Farne Islands and we want to see what's going on," says Berggren.
As the light fades and temperature starts to dip, we head back into the water for one last dive.
It really does feel like you are getting a glimpse into a hidden underwater world.
And it's this that keeps Ben Burville swimming with seals - whatever the weather.
"These are such gentle animals, that are intelligent, and actually enjoy being close to you and will choose to at times interact with you.
"And that's quite a magical experience."
Follow Rebecca on Twitter: @BBCMorelle


Cardiff City manager Russell Slade says qualifying for a Championship play-off spot this season would be "bigger than anything" he has achieved in his career after passing 750 games in management.

Slade's side are one point off the top six in seventh with nine games to play.
The 55-year-old has previously taken Grimsby, Yeovil and Leyton Orient to play-off finals in lower divisions, without going on to win promotion.
"Of course it would be bigger than those," he told BBC Wales Sport.
"Because you have the opportunity then of playing for the biggest prize in football, Premier League football.
"I know this, I'd be confident of getting them to the final as I've done that three times.
"Maybe Ken Choo [Cardiff chief executive] will have to manage the final because I have lost all three finals!"
Slade started his managerial career as caretaker boss at Notts County in 1994 and reached the landmark of 750 games with last Saturday's win over Ipswich.
"It has been a long journey and it's never a straight road, there are always bends in the road that you have to navigate and it's been tough.
"The job has become harder. There is more scrutiny, there is less time to turn things around and be successful.
"I've always wanted to get to that 1,000 mark. I think there's about 23 or 24 (managers) in that club, but those next 250 games seem a long time off but we'll take each one as they come and try and embrace them and look forward to them."
While he admits taking Cardiff to a top-six finish this season would top any achievement in his career so far, he still considers his previous play-off campaigns to be the highlights of his career so far.
"Getting to Wembley with a couple of the clubs that haven't had much budget at all really, in Yeovil and Grimsby Town, initially were big achievements just to be in the final really.
"And certainly the semi-final against where I was born Nottingham Forest for Yeovil was a big memory because we were 2-0 down.
"On that day they were selling flags 'Forest at Wembley' and they had all the tickets.
"My Chairman at Yeovil had to take the tickets back in the boot of his car.
"That was a big memory for me. We were 2-0 down and won the game 5-4 after extra time so that was a special game."
On Saturday Cardiff head to Reading looking to maintain their momentum.
Goalkeeper David Marshall is doubtful because of a virus and is not expected to train on Friday, but defender Fabio and midfielder Peter Whittingham have trained after recovering from knocks.


Swansea City are planning to open negotiations about a new contract for assistant manager Claude Makelele.

The former Chelsea midfielder and France international was appointed in January, having worked with Swans head coach Paul Clement at Paris St-Germain.
Makelele's current deal with the Swans, who are 16th in the Premier League, expires at the end of this season.
"We haven't had any discussions but I don't think those discussions will be too far away," said Clement.
He continued: "Claude's very focused on his job and helping me, helping the players and helping the team be successful.
"He comes in every day with a lot of energy, positive attitude, smile on his face - they're the kind of characters and personalities we need around us at the moment."
Listen: Radio Wales' Swansea City podcast
Clement took charge of Swansea on 3 January and appointed Makelele as his assistant eight days later.
The Swans were four points adrift at the bottom of the Premier League table when Clement arrived, but four wins from seven league games since then have seen them climb out of the relegation zone.
The former Bayern Munich and Real Madrid assistant boss was named the Premier League's manager of the month for January, and his side host Burnley on Saturday.
Winger Jefferson Montero has returned to full training but will not feature at the Liberty Stadium, while midfielder Ki Sung-yueng remains sidelined.
Clement says two of his January signings, winger Luciano Narsingh and forward Jordan Ayew, could earn their first starts for Swansea against Burnley.


Prime Minister David Cameron's bombing of Libya has "directly caused" migrant disasters in the Mediterranean Sea, UKIP leader Nigel Farage has said.

His comments came as hundreds of people are feared to have drowned after a boat carrying up to 700 migrants capsized.
Mr Farage told the BBC he did not have a "problem" offering refugee status to "some Christians from those countries".
Conservatives accused him of making "cheap political points". Nick Clegg said he had no regrets over Libya.
Speaking on BBC One's Sunday Politics show, Mr Farage said military action in 2011 had destabilised Libya and led to mass migration.
"The fanaticism of [former French president] Sarkozy and Cameron to bomb Libya - and what they've done is to completely destabilise Libya, to turn it into a country with much savagery, to turn it into a place where for Christians the situation is virtually impossible.
"We ought to be honest and admit we have directly caused this problem.
"There were no migrants coming across from Libya in these quantities before we bombed the country, got rid of [the then Libyan leader] Gaddafi and destabilised the situation."
He added: "I'm the one person that has said that I do think - especially for Christians in that part of the world - they now have almost nowhere to go.
"I have not got a problem with us offering refugee status to some Christians from those countries."
Speaking later on the campaign trail in Ash, Kent, Mr Farage said he believed the military action in Libya should be on Mr Cameron's conscience.
"After all, there are millions of people who blame Tony Blair for going to war on a lie and whilst Libya may be smaller scale, I think in foreign policy terms it's the biggest mistake he has made as prime minister," he added.
Deputy prime minister Mr Clegg said: 'I don't regret supporting intervention with other countries in stopping what would have been an absolute blood bath.
"Remember when Colonel Gaddafi was threatening to pretty well kill every single innocent man, woman and child in Benghazi and that was the trigger, which I think for humanitarian grounds quite rightly led to the response from ourselves and other members of the international community."
The Liberal Democrat leader added that this "large scale loss of life" in Libyan waters showed there was an urgent need for the European Union to "review arrangements because we just cannot on moral grounds have such large numbers of people dying in such regular intervals in the Mediterranean".
Home Office Minister James Brokenshire accused Mr Farage of making "cheap political points" and argued that the situation required "action at an EU level", working with the African Union and others.
He told the BBC News channel: "In the wake of such an appalling tragedy, if all that Nigel Farage can do is to make, frankly, cheap political points - I think it shows his lack of understanding of the issues at hand here.
"The need is actually to use humanitarian aid and assistance to stop those flows - something that his party said it would slash."
Labour's shadow home secretary, Yvette Cooper, said: "Today's dreadful and distressing tragedy shows how urgently we need EU and international action to prevent thousands of people from drowning off Europe's shores.
"The British government must immediately reverse its opposition to EU search and rescue operations in the Mediterranean, as the EU needs to restart the rescue as soon as possible."
Conservative Culture Secretary Sajid Javid said: 'However difficult the situation in Libya is today - and it is challenging - just think what could have happened if Gaddafi would have got his way.
"So I'm proud of the action that we took with our allies, it was the right thing to do."
When asked whether the UK should take some of the migrants, Mr Javid said: 'I don't think that's what's required."
The ultimate solution is to help create a more stable and secure Libya, he told Sky News' Murnaghan.
"We provide aid to Libya along with our partners, we provide military training for its government and help in other ways and that's the only long-term solution."
A major rescue operation is currently under way after the vessel capsized in Libyan waters south of the Italian island of Lampedusa.
This year, at least 900 other migrants have died crossing the Mediterranean.
The UN refugee agency, the UNHCR, said the latest sinking could amount to the largest loss of life during a migrant crossing to Europe.
Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond said Britain would offer the expertise of the National Crime Agency and the security services to help identify and target the traffickers.
Britain could also help by driving migration through its aid programme in the "key source countries", he said.
He is meeting his EU counterparts in Luxembourg on Monday for talks.
Subscribe to the BBC Election 2015 newsletter to get a round-up of the day's campaign news sent to your inbox every weekday afternoon.


An engineering company has gone into administration with 150 jobs thought to be at risk.

SHS Integrated Services Ltd has been operating for 19 years and is based at Atlantic Trading Estate, Barry, Vale of Glamorgan.
It provides scaffolding, access platforms and cladding for customers in a number of industries and also has offices in Port Talbot and Doncaster.
The administrator Deloitte said it will issue a statement on Thursday.


The police complaints watchdog has said it will investigate child protection staff's handling of intelligence about potential paedophiles in the UK.

The Child Exploitation and Online Protection Centre (Ceop), part of the National Crime Agency, took a year to alert police to information provided by Canadian authorities in July 2012.
The tip-offs about video purchases led to a number of investigations.
The referral to the Independent Police Complaints Commission was made in 2014.
The IPCC will examine how Ceop received and dealt with the intelligence.  It will also look at why the NCA took until last September to refer the case.
The intelligence about 2,345 UK individuals provided by Toronto Police under an operation called Project Spade has resulted in the jailing of Cambridge doctor Myles Bradbury, who abused young cancer patients, and Cardiff deputy head teacher Gareth Williams, who secretly filmed pupils.
Another person named was Essex deputy head teacher teacher Martin Goldberg, was found dead a day after police questioned him.
The watchdog says it is separately probing how Essex, North Yorkshire and North Wales police acted on Project Spade intelligence sent to them by the NCA.


Mental health patients in Hertfordshire had to travel up to 180 miles (290 km) for a bed because of a shortage of local accommodation, new figures show.

They reveal a 230% increase in patients from the county sent to out-of-area beds between 2013-14 and 2014-15.
A carers group has expressed concern a local shortage of resources means some patients are being sent as far away as Yorkshire and Manchester.
The local mental health trust said it was improving its management of beds.
Following a Freedom of Information request, Hertfordshire Partnership Foundation Trust revealed the number of patients sent out-of-area increased from 29 in 2013-14 to 98 in 2014-15, with 83 of these placements due to "bed pressures locally".
The cost of out-of-area placements has risen over the same period from Â£601,000 to Â£2m.
Patients have been sent to units as far afield as Manchester, Leeds and Harrogate.
Roma Mills, involvement manager for Carers in Hertfordshire, said the shortage of beds was partly due to the national underfunding of mental health.
She said when patients are sent miles away from their homes and friends and families "it is not a good experience for vulnerable and ill people".
A spokeswoman for the trust said it was trying to "minimise the out of area bed spend" through "strengthening clinical leadership" and having more consultants in evening and weekend shifts to minimise delays in discharging patients.
She added that the trust may also "buy specialist beds where it is not economic to provide ourselves" such as female-only psychiatric intensive care beds, which are not provided by the trust.


Belfast Metropolitan College has said it may have to cut its workforce by more than 100, to cope with a budget reduction by the assembly.

Earlier, the Unite union said its members who work at Belfast Metropolitan College have been told to expect between 83 and 113 redundancies.
The college has said that number of positions are at risk.
It said that equated to a budget reduction of Â£2.6m for 2015/16.
"We have been regularly and proactively updating staff and trade unions on the challenging but nonetheless unavoidable implications of the public sector budget cuts," the college said.
"Initial modelling would indicate that a Â£2.6m budget cut equates to a reduction of between 83 and 113 full-time equivalent staff. Detailed work is ongoing and we cannot as yet provide final numbers.
"We will be contacting staff over the next few weeks to gauge the level of interest in a voluntary exit scheme and will, of course, continue to work alongside the trade unions and keep staff updated as and when more information becomes available."
Earlier, Unite said there were "very real fears that this scale of job losses will undermine the quality of educational provision at the college".
"This is only the latest in a series of brutal blows to our education sector," it said.
"Over the last few weeks, not a day has gone by without our union receiving notice of potential redundancies from some school or other."
Belfast Met has 34,000 students - almost a quarter of all Northern Ireland's college enrolments.
It also accounts for almost a quarter of the total college spending.


The transparency of academy spending must be improved, says the chairman of the parliamentary Education Committee.

Neil Carmichael MP said there was "growing concern" about the value for public money among England's academies.
He also criticised the Department for Education for not giving his committee the necessary information, ahead of a hearing about finances on Tuesday.
His comments came after an academy trust was stripped of its funding over concerns of financial irregularities.
Earlier this month, the  Education Funding Agency (EFA) served a termination of funding notice on the Durand Academy Trust, which runs an infant and junior school in Stockwell, south London, and a boarding school for older pupils in Midhurst, West Sussex.
Appearing before the Education Committee on Tuesday, head of the EFA Peter Lauener said the case was particularly complex, largely because a separate charitable trust owed land used by the academy.
He said the Durand case should not be viewed as typical of how other academies manage their finances.
"It is important not to get this kind of case out of context," Mr Lauener told the committee.
"This has been the most difficult case we've had to deal with in the four and a half years that the EFA has existed.
"There are 3,000 or so other academy trusts... and we only have concerns about 1% of the related party transactions in academy accounts, so by and large I think this is a system where these conflicts [of interests] are recognised and managed well," he added.
However, Sir Amyas Morse, head of the National Audit Office (NAO), who also appeared before the committee on Tuesday, noted that the Durand case "did seem to be going on quite a long time".
Asked if he felt the academy sector needed a "level and depth of scrutiny greater than it's currently undergoing", Sir Amyas replied: "Either that or it needs a very fast reaction to things going wrong."
"Possibly the Department [for Education] needs a bit more power to extradite proceedings when they find something that's not right," he added.
In April, the NAO criticised the DfE for failing to properly account for spending by academies.
The spending watchdog concluded that there was a level of "misstatement and uncertainty" that meant the truth and fairness of the accounts could not be verified.
Speaking after the committee hearing, Mr Carmichael said: "There is growing concern around value for public money in the academy sector, from trustees earning more than the prime minister to multi-million pound contracts being awarded to related parties.
"Ministers must get a grip and ensure that the autonomy afforded to academies is matched in government by the highest levels of transparency and accountability," he added.
He also reprimanded DfE officials for failing to provide "in good time" the written material necessary for the committee to scrutinise academy spending, describing the delay as "unacceptable".
"When the information was finally forthcoming, it was enigmatic and incomplete," he said.


David Cameron has said he wants to review how extradition arrangements are working between the UK and US in the light of recent controversial cases.

The prime minister raised the subject during talks with US President Barack Obama at the White House.
Critics of existing rules say they make the extradition of UK nationals easier as the US authorities have to produce less evidence to support their case.
But a senior judge reviewing it in 2011 found it was fair to British citizens.
The BBC's political editor Nick Robinson said Mr Cameron had raised the issue about how extradition rules are operating in practice during two hours of talks at the White House on Wednesday.
The prime minister is in the middle on a three-day official visit to the United States.
Concerns have been raised about the 2003 US-UK extradition treaty following controversial cases involving British citizens such as Christopher Tappin and Gary McKinnon.
Parliament's Joint Committee on Human Rights are among those who have urged the government to renegotiate the treaty, saying it is unbalanced.
Mr Tappin, a retired businessman, was extradited to the US last month for allegedly selling batteries for Iranian missiles, charges he denies.
He says he has been treated unfairly by the UK justice system and his human rights have been breached - although the extradition request was authorised by the home secretary and later approved by the High Court and Court of Appeal.
Mr McKinnon faces extradition to answer US allegations that he hacked into military computer systems.
He admits hacking into Pentagon and Nasa computers but says he was looking for evidence of UFOs.
His family have fought a long campaign against his extradition, saying Mr McKinnon - who suffers from Asperger's syndrome - is highly vulnerable and sending him for trial in the US could seriously damage his health.
The US authorities have long insisted that the treaty is fair and reciprocal and serves the interests of justice in both countries.
On Thursday Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg said it was a "perfectly legitimate question" to ask if more British citizens could be put on trial in the UK rather than being sent abroad.
The Lib Dem leader has asked his colleague Sir Menzies Campbell to conduct a separate review of how the rules are working.
Sir Menzies told the BBC that many MPs thought the treaty had resulted in "one-way traffic" and urged the home secretary to respond to Lord Justice Scott Baker's recent report as soon as possible.
"When that happens then unless it is favourable to those of us who think a change is necessary, then I think there'll be quite a lot of political annoyance," he said.


Scarlets second row Jake Ball has been ruled out of Wales' two Tests against Tonga and Samoa in June because of a shoulder injury.

Ball missed Scarlets' win over Munster in the Pro12 final in Dublin.
Team-mate Samson Lee hurt his knee in Saturday's 46-22 victory but the region's head coach Wayne Pivac said it is too early to know the full extent of the prop's injury.
Wales face Tonga in Auckland on 16 June, then Samoa in Apia on 24 June.
Uncapped full-back Phil Dollman is also a concern for the tour after suffering an injury in Exeter's Premiership final win over Wasps.
Scarlets captain Ken Owens, who missed the Pro12 final and semi-finals with an ankle injury, says he is fit for the British and Irish Lions' tour of New Zealand.
"I'm as good as gold," the hooker told the BBC's Scrum V.
"I'm glad to be going on the tour after an injury scare a fortnight ago."


A murder investigation is under way after a man found injured in a street in North Lanarkshire died in hospital.

Stewart Rexter, 38, was found in Victoria Place in Airdrie at 17:30 on Thursday.
Detectives believe he was attacked by a man described as being between 25-35 years old, 5ft 8in, of slim build with short dark hair and dark clothing.
They are also keen to trace the occupants of a dark Transit-type van seen nearby.
Mr Rexter, who was from Coatbridge, was taken to Monklands Hospital and then later transferred to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital in Glasgow where he died on Saturday.
Det Ch Insp Paul Livingstone of Police Scotland's major investigation team said: "Officers have been carrying out extensive inquiries into this incident including carrying out house-to-house inquiries and studying CCTV footage gathered from the local area.
"We believe that Stewart was attacked by a man around 17:10 hours in Victoria Place between Craig Street and Devonview Street.
"Inquiries are ongoing to trace the man who is described as white, 25 -35 years old, approximately 5ft 8 inches in height and of slim build with short dark-coloured hair and wearing dark-coloured clothing.
"In particular, we are keen to trace the occupants of a dark-coloured Transit-type van that was parked on Victoria Place opposite the entrance to Airdrie train station.
"I believe that the occupants of the van may have vital information that would assist this inquiry and I would urge them to come forward."


A commission looking at whether Gatwick or Heathrow should expand will conclude its public consultation later.

The Airports Commission will make a recommendation to the government about the UK's future air capacity. It is likely to be published in the summer.
It has shortlisted three options: a third runway at Heathrow, lengthening an existing runway at Heathrow or building a second runway at Gatwick.
The public consultation will end at 23:25 GMT.
The commission has already concluded there is a need for one additional runway in the South East of England by 2030.
Boris Johnson had supported the idea of an island airport in the Thames estuary - dubbed Boris Island - but the commission declared the idea would not be shortlisted.
It cited the huge price tag and environmental concerns.


A Nigerian senator has expressed outrage over the security forces' failure to prevent a second attack on a town by suspected Islamist militants.

Gunmen believed to be from the Boko Haram group killed several residents and burnt down Izghe over the weekend.
A week earlier, 106 people were killed by gunmen in a raid on Izghe.
Borno state Senator Ali Ndume told the BBC it was clear that a state of emergency imposed by the government to end the insurgency was not working.
More than 500 people had been killed in Borno in the last two months, he said.
The state government has pledged to spend up to $2m (Â£1.2m) to help rebuild areas affected by the violence.
President Goodluck Jonathan declared a state of emergency in three north-eastern states - Borno, Yobe and Adamawa - last year, giving the security forces extra-ordinary powers to fight Boko Haram.
However, soldiers were in a "pathetic situation", and there was no sign of the army having taken extra-ordinary measures to end the violence, Mr Ndume said.
"The Nigerian army can deploy more troops, more equipment and be more committed to the execution of this emergency rule," he told the BBC.
The army had failed to deploy troops to Izghe after the first attack, opening the way for Boko Haram to re-enter the town, Mr Ndume said.
Many people had fled after the first attack, but some elderly residents were still staying there.
A resident in Izghe told the BBC that three women and a man were killed in the raid.
"They [the gunmen] came to the to the town and burnt everything. They burnt all the houses," he said, on condition of anonymity.
The government has repeatedly said it is winning the war against the militants, who are fighting to establish a strict Islamic state across northern Nigeria.
Boko Haram has killed thousands, including many Muslims and Christians, since it began its uprising in 2009.


Health warnings have been issued for parts of England, as air pollution reaches high levels.

So what exactly is the problem, and how serious is it?
By UK standards, air pollution levels are high. The Department of the Environment measures outdoor air pollution on a one-to-10 scale. Parts of north-west Norfolk hit level 10 on Tuesday.
On Wednesday, levels were recorded at seven - meaning high - in towns and cities in East Anglia and rural parts of south-east England. Pollution levels of five were reached in London, the Midlands and Yorkshire and Humberside.
The tipping point seems to have been dust from storms in the Sahara. Normally it settles in the countries of southern Europe - Spain, Malta and Greece, for example.
However, winds from the south and east have brought the dust to the UK, along with industrial pollution from Europe. And because those weather conditions are stable and not changing, those particles are not being dispersed.
But that is only part of the problem. Most air pollution in the UK comes from road transport and residential emissions.
Leaving aside the Sahara dust, the pollution is made up of various substances, including nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and ammonia.
These form particles in the atmosphere. The two most common measurements are particulate matter measuring 2.5 micrometres or less, known as PM2.5; and larger particles measuring 10 micrometres, known as PM10.
The World Health Organization (WHO) uses PM10 levels to measure pollution, expressed in micrograms per cubic metre. It recommends mean exposure over 24 hours to PM2.5 of no more than 10 micrograms/m3, and to PM10 of no more than 25.
PM2.5 particles are thought to be particularly damaging because they are so small, they can penetrate into the deepest parts of the lungs.
WHO air quality guidelines
Why is the UK doing so badly?
Last month, the EU announced it was taking legal action against the UK because it was persistently over the safe limit for air pollution - in particular, levels of nitrogen dioxide.
But the UK is not alone - most EU countries struggle to meet the targets, says Martin Adams of the European Environment Agency.
In fact, the EU is currently taking action against 17 out of 28 member states with serious air quality problems.
EU standards make allowances for natural sources of air pollution, including Saharan dust for Spain and ozone for coastal countries such as the UK.
Frank Kelly, professor of Environmental Health at King's College London, puts the blame for the UK's pollution woes squarely on the shift to diesel vehicles over the past 10 years.
Six out of 10 cars sold today in the UK are diesels, and these produce a lot of nitrogen dioxide, he says.
King's College London air quality monitoring project (London only)
In all, the WHO says air pollution is responsible for seven million premature deaths a year around the world.
That includes indoor as well as outdoor pollution - typically, smoke from cooking stoves in developing countries.
About 80% of deaths related to outdoor pollution are linked to heart disease and strokes, while 14% are due to lung or respiratory diseases, and 6% to cancer, estimates the WHO.
But even at times of lower pollution, UK air quality still routinely breaches WHO recommended limits. Even when the air looks clean, it is not.
WHO: Air pollution 'killed seven million'
According to Joe Hennon, the European Commission's spokesman on pollution, around 30,000 people in the UK die prematurely every year from problems associated with air pollution.
He describes it as an "invisible killer".
"Air pollution can be carcinogenic," he said. "It also causes all kinds of respiratory problems, heart disease, [and] lung problems".
No, says Professor Kelly.
When it comes to bad air quality, Beijing has few rivals. In February, at the height of a severe smog episode, the BBC's Jo Floto, in Beijing, wrote that the air quality in the city was "so bad it's comparable to living near a forest fire".
The Chinese government has recently begun publishing air quality figures for the major cities, although the accuracy of these is sometimes contested.
The US embassy in Beijing runs an air quality monitor and releases updates several times daily. At 21:00 (13:00 GMT) on Wednesday, it measured PM2.5 levels of 87 - more than eight times the WHO 24-hour limit.
In February, levels soared to 15 times the WHO limit.
Compare that with the UK - in the hour to 16:00 on Wednesday, the highest PM2.5 level recorded by the Department for the Environment was 57, in Rochester, Kent.
UK air quality levels (Department for the Environment)
A change in the weather forecast for the end of the week is expected to bring some relief.
When pollution measures soared last month, Paris imposed restrictions, banning cars with even-numbered plates from driving on one day, followed by a ban on odd-numbered plates the following day.
The EU Environment Agency is awaiting data on whether the ban had much effect. In any case, London will not be following suit.
Mr Hennon says the UK can learn from cities like Amsterdam, where there are traffic restrictions - including speed restrictions on motorways - as well as good public transport links and cycle lanes.
But he warns there is no easy answer and a range of measures are needed to tackle the problem.
A shift towards less polluting forms of transport will be necessary, believes Prof Kelly. In 10 years' time, diesel vehicles will have been largely replaced by low-emission vehicles.
But he warns: "The political will needs to be substantial, because it will be costly."


A care home is being investigated over a "number of allegations" about its services.

Cornwall Council has suspended placements to Bowden Derra Park in Launceston while it looks into the claims.
The home provides accommodation and services for up to 46 people with mental health needs, learning or physical disabilities.
The Care Quality Commission (CQC) said it inspected the facility on Monday.
It said a report detailing the findings of the inspection would be published in due course.
Cornwall Council said it was investigating "a number of allegations" about the care people receive at Bowden Derra Park.
"NHS Kernow and Cornwall Council are working closely with other commissioners to ensure people remain safe and will be meeting with residents and their families very soon to keep them updated with any developments," it said.
It added no concerns had been raised about anyone being at immediate risk of harm.
A spokesperson for Bowden Derra Park said the "health, safety and wellbeing" of its clients were its top priorities.
It said that a "positive" meeting had been held with Cornwall Council and it was confident the investigation would "conclude swiftly".
Scott Mann, MP for North Cornwall, said he has been contacted by a number of families who have loved ones at Bowden Derra Park.
"Some have been there for many years and others are new residents. One common theme is that they are all extremely happy with the care they receive from Bowden Derra Park," he said.
The report into the last CQC inspection of Bowden Derra Park, in January 2016, gave the service a 'good' rating.


Stallholders at Wrexham's People's Market have relocated to allow work to get under way on a £4.5m redevelopment.

Wrexham council is incorporating an arts centre into the market.
Some traders have temporarily moved to the Butchers Market, with contractors expected to finish the project by 2018.
The initial plan was for contractors to work around traders but a senior councillor said so few decided to remain that it was no longer viable to remain open.
The building refurbishment involves adding two galleries, performance areas, a gallery shop and market stalls.
The present gallery, Oriel Wrecsam, is situated next to the market.
Hugh Jones, Wrexham's lead member for communities and partnerships, said a number of traders had "decided voluntarily that they wanted to relocate to the Butchers Market".
He added: "We supported them in that move and that left a critical mass in the People's Market that was too small to support the footfall needed to keep them in business.
"It's a temporary move. All the people [traders] who want to come into the exciting new arts, cultural market project will be located."
Janette Partington, who ran a baby and children's clothing stall in the People's Market, said traders were told the work could be completed eight weeks early if they all moved out.
Four other traders, including a confectionery shop, a haberdashery and a bric-a-brac stall, are now trading from the Butchers Market.
The south mall at the People's Market, including a cafe and newsagents, will remain open during the construction.


A busy Japanese road reopened on Tuesday, just one week after it was wrecked by a gigantic sinkhole.

Construction workers moved fast to fill the hole, which spanned a five-lane street, stretching 30 metres (98 feet) wide and 15 metres deep.
The chasm first  appeared on Tuesday, 8 November, in a business district of the south-west city of Fukuoka.
No one was hurt in the collapse, but local media reported disruptions to electricity, gas and water services.
The street reopened at 05:00 Tuesday (20:00 GMT Monday), in time for rush hour.
The city's Mayor Soichiro Takashima released a statement apologising for the "great trouble", thanking workers for their efforts, and insisting that an investigation into the incident's causes would continue.
City officials have said it could have been caused by underground construction nearby.


A Londonderry man has been found guilty for the second time of murdering his pregnant ex-girlfriend seven years ago.

Stephen Cahoon, of Harvey Street in the city, had denied murdering 30-year-old mother-of-four Jean Teresa Quigley.
But a jury at Dublin's Central Criminal Court found Cahoon, 43, guilty of the murder at Cornshell Fields in Derry on 26 July 2008 by unanimous verdict.
He had previously been convicted of the murder in 2012, but that was quashed earlier this year.
Cahoon had admitted strangling his Ms Quigley, who was 10 weeks pregnant with his child at the time of her death, but had denied it was murder.
The jury heard that Ms Quigley's naked and bruised body was discovered at her home by her mother.
Cahoon had told the court he handcuffed Ms Quigley to her bed before having sex.
He said he saw "red" when Ms Quigley told him the baby was not his, and he "grabbed and pushed" her and put his hand on her throat.
But a prosecutor told the court there was evidence of "violence from beginning to end" at the scene.
He said there was evidence that the victim's door had been broken and there were defensive injuries and bruising to her arms, scalp and head.
Those injuries were "utterly inconsistent" with Cahoon's version of event, the court heard.
The prosecution lawyer said Cahoon had made a "conscious decision to leave a woman who was unwell and needed assistance and lock her in the house".
"There was no loss of self-control that was temporary and overwhelming to give rise to a defence of provocation," he said.
The trial was Cahoon's third over the murder and he has served almost 10 years in prison.
A hung jury failed to reach a verdict in his first trial in 2009.
In April 2012, another jury found him guilty of murder and he was sentenced to life in prison.
But in March of this year, Dublin's Court of Appeal quashed his conviction due to an error in the judge's instructions to the jury.


British astronaut Tim Peake is on board the International Space Station, six-and-a-half hours after blasting off from a base in Kazakhstan.

Mr Peake and his two colleagues, Russian Yuri Malenchenko and American Tim Kopra, were welcomed with hugs from the ISS's existing crew members after successfully docking their Russian Soyuz spacecraft,
The former Army major and helicopter pilot has not stopped smiling all day. Here's his amazing journey - in pictures:


Extraordinary scenes of celebration have erupted after Fiji won its first-ever Olympic medal.

Banks closed, shops shut and revellers took over the streets of Suva dancing, singing and cheering.
Fiji claimed the gold medal after defeating Great Britain 43-7 in the rugby sevens final at Deodoro Stadium.
Thousands of people across the island nation had stopped what they were doing to watch the history-making match.
Many supporters dressed in Fiji colours and rugby jerseys, carrying the national flag to cheer on the team.
At the final whistle blew, excited revellers took to the streets cheering and dancing.
"Some people even stopped their vehicles on the busy streets of Suva and got out with Fiji flags to join the celebrations, not paying much heed to the slight traffic jam they cause," the Fiji Times reported.
"The celebrations will definitely continue into the weekend and the week ahead."


Three people were injured when a broken-down bus was hit by a lorry on the A34 in Oxfordshire.

Fifty people were on the First Great Western rail replacement service from Oxford to Didcot when it was hit at Drayton, at 00:30 GMT.
One of the three people taken to hospital sustained serious but non life-threatening injuries, police said.
The southbound carriageway has been reopened but investigations are continuing.
The remaining passengers, who did not require hospital treatment, were taken to Abingdon police station.
Passenger Rebecca Crow posted a picture of her injuries on Twitter and wrote: "I was on the bus, it was insane. Very thankful for no fatalities; just a bust up face!"
The bus was a replacement for the 00:05 First Great Western service from Oxford to Didcot.
Bus passenger Adam Graves said on Twitter: "One moment the bus power failed, a minute or 2 later the lorry hit us. Bus ended up part down the embankment. #a34"
He later told BBC News: "It sort of jumped forward. There were people screaming inside.
"Then you suddenly noticed you're falling out of your seat - everyone was flying everywhere.
"Once that initial shock had passed people were quite calm.
"A lot of people on the bus had been coming back from a gig in Oxford, that's where I'd been, that kept people calm as a few recognised each other."
In a statement, a First Great Western spokesman said the firm was "keen" to offer support to all of the bus passengers and their families.
He said initial reports from its own contractor "suggest the driver followed correct safety procedures", but added police were investigating.
"We are offering them any assistance we can to understand the full details of the incident," he said.
The A34 was shut between the Botley and Milton interchanges.
It had been due to reopen at 11:00 but was delayed due to difficulties in recovering the vehicles, police said.
Officers on site were having problems earlier with drivers ignoring the closure and driving through, according to BBC Radio Oxford travel reporter Sara Dumbell.
She said diversions had also led to lengthy traffic delays in the area.


This week at my local pub in Sydney, I was earwigging a conversation happening at the table next to me.

The news playing on the TV was covering the ongoing row over whether the Australian government had bribed people smugglers with A$31,000 ($24,000; Â£15,150) to turn their boat back.
Beside me, two elderly ladies were passing comment as they sipped on their white wine spritzers.
"The thing is: Tony Abbott stopped the boats," one said to the other.
"Labor never managed to do that."
And that essentially, is the debate here in a nutshell.
In Australia, there is no real debate.
While its tough policies have been panned internationally by human rights groups - the United Nations calling them cruel, inhumane, contemptuous and degrading - domestically the hardline stance is broadly a popular one.
And that is why the opposition Labor Party has been so mealy-mouthed in its criticism of the alleged paying of people smugglers not to smuggle people, a policy that is possibly illegal.
A bit like paying bank robbers not to rob banks.
Initially, Labor leader Bill Shorten was self-righteous and indignant that the current government might have been using taxpayer money to buy off traffickers.
But once it became clear that Labor might have been operating a similar policy when it was in power, Mr Shorten became much more evasive and ambiguous.
Speaking to the BBC's HARDtalk programme this week, former Labor Prime Minister Julia Gillard similarly chose her words carefully.
She gave a politician's answer with no clear denial that Labor wasn't doing the same thing.
You get the impression that perhaps Ms Gillard couldn't say for sure if her government was or it wasn't, such was the dysfunction in the Labor party at the time.
And indeed it was the previous Labor government of Kevin Rudd, eager not to be out-toughed on illegal immigration by Tony Abbott's Liberals, which ramped up the hard-line stance against asylum seekers.
It was Labor that signed a 2013 deal with Papua New Guinea, effectively outsourcing the asylum seeker problem.
Under that deal, Papua New Guinea was paid over $400m (Â£253,000,000) not only to house the notorious Manus Island detention centre, but also to resettle legitimate refugees destined for Australia.
During the 2013 election which Tony Abbott comfortably won, both major parties could not utter enough the immortal phrase "Stop the Boats."
Mr Abbott has had far more success in doing so. Two years ago, there were thousands of people trying to reach Australia's shores by boat.
Manus Island: Australia's Guantanamo?
Australia asylum: Why is it controversial?
Should Australia's refugees be sent to Cambodia?
Today, the number attempting the journey has been cut to virtually zero.
The Australian government points out that it has also cut to zero the number of people drowning at sea, which is true, at least off Australia's coasts.
But there is a huge amount of politics being played out around the debate.
While polls show that when asked what are the main issues that concern them, voters rated asylum seekers pretty low behind things like education, the economy and health.
But when asked if they'd back a tough stance on asylum seekers, the government broadly has public support.
Sure, there are many people in Australia who are appalled by the government actions.
But not the majority.
The only party that has been unambiguously critical of the treatment of asylum seekers is the Green Party, which only has one MP and 10 Senators.
The two big parties, the Liberals and Labor, seem terrified of appearing weak on asylum seekers.
Prime Minister Tony Abbott has repeatedly said that Europe should learn from Australia on how to tackle the migrant crisis in the Mediterranean.
But there are huge differences.
Firstly, the scale of the problem does not compare.
Even at its peak in 2013, the number of people arriving by boat in Australia was just over 20,000.
More than 100,000 migrants arrived on Europe's shores in the last five months.
If Europe was going to have offshore detention camps similar to those operated by Australia, they'd have to be massive.
And Greece and Italy are far easier to reach than Australia.
The distances involved are far smaller and the seas far less treacherous.
The boat carrying 65 asylum seekers that Australian officials allegedly paid to turn back, was trying to reach New Zealand from Indonesia.
An unimaginably awful journey of around 7,000 km.
People smugglers operating in Europe are making millions. So it would take some big bribes to pay them off.
But despite the criticism, Australia thinks it should export its asylum seeker policies to the world.
For the government, they've been a huge success and are something to be proud of, not shy away from.
You can bet that when the Australian general election rolls around next year, most parties will again be talking tough on asylum seekers.
So is Australia likely to change its stance?
In the words of Prime Minister Tony Abbott: "Nope, Nope, Nope."