The Supreme Court has ruled in favour of HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) in its fight with Rangers over the club's use of Employee Benefit Trusts (EBTs).

More than £47m was paid to players, managers and directors between 2001 and 2010 in tax-free loans.
However, HMRC argued the payments were earnings and should be taxable.
The court's decision is not expected to have any material or financial impact on Rangers now as the club is owned by a different company.
Rangers' use of EBTs and the subsequent appeals by HMRC became known as the "big tax case".
Two tribunals in 2012 and 2014 had previously found in Rangers' favour, but the Court of Session found in favour of HMRC after an appeal in 2015.
Liquidators BDO were then allowed to appeal to the Supreme Court in London as the ruling has implications for future cases.
On Wednesday, the Supreme Court unanimously dismissed RFC's appeal and ruled in favour of HMRC.
There will undoubtedly be calls for the football authorities to act following this judgement.
A Scottish Premier League investigation headed by Lord Nimmo Smith found Rangers guilty of not registering players properly and the company was fined in 2013.
Nimmo Smith's judgement was made at a time when the EBT scheme was deemed acceptable by a tax tribunal and he resisted calls for the club to be stripped of honours won during the years the scheme was in operation, saying "Rangers FC did not gain any unfair competitive advantage from the contraventions of the SPL Rules."
It's unlikely the football authorities will have much appetite to sanction another investigation but that won't stop some calling for just that.
A spokesman said the Scottish Premier Football League will "take time to examine the judgement in detail and to consider any implications."
The result is a major victory for HMRC in its attempts to recoup tax from thousands of other companies which ran EBTs and similar schemes, which were the subject of a crackdown in legislation enacted in December 2010.
HMRC could now issue "follower notices", which would demand payment from companies who ran similar schemes.
A number of football clubs in England fall into this category.
A settlement opportunity in light of the 2010 legislation ran out in July 2015 and other firms could now be liable for major sums.
In a written judgment, the judges said: "The sums paid to the trustee of the Principal Trust for a footballer constituted the footballer's earnings. The risk that the trustee might not set up a sub-trust or give a loan of the sub-trust funds to the footballer does not alter the nature of the payments made to the trustee of the Principal Trust.
"The discretionary bonuses made available to RFC's employees through the same trust mechanisms also fall within the tax charge as these were given in respect of the employee's work.
"Payment to the Principal Trust should have been subject to deduction of income tax under the PAYE regulations."
The EBT scheme was administered by the Murray Group, then majority shareholder of the Glasgow club, from 2001 to 2009.
In February 2012, Rangers, which was then run by Craig Whyte, went into administration over a separate tax debt and the tax authority rejected a creditors agreement in June of that year.
The supreme court decision is in relation to Murray Group companies, including the liquidated company RFC 2012, and not the current owners at Ibrox.
The result will mean the creditors of RFC 2012 will receive less money from the pot collected by liquidators BDO, as HMRC will now be owed more money.
Former Rangers chairman Sir David Murray said he was "hugely disappointed" with the verdict, which he said ran counter to the legal advice which was consistently provided to Rangers Football Club.
He said: "It should be emphasised that there have been no allegations made by HMRC or any of the courts that the club was involved in tax evasion, which is a criminal offence.
"The decision will be greeted with dismay by the ordinary creditors of the club, many of which are small businesses, who will now receive a much lower distribution in the liquidation of the club, which occurred during the ownership of Craig Whyte, than may otherwise have been the case."
In a statement, HMRC said: "This decision has wide-ranging implications for other avoidance cases and we encourage anyone who has tried to avoid tax on their earnings to now agree with us the tax owed.
"HMRC will always challenge contrived arrangements that try to deliver tax advantages never intended by parliament."
Rangers liquidators BDO said it believed taking the case to the Supreme Court had been the correct course of action "given the significance of the matter".
It said: "We will now engage with HMRC on adjudicating its claim.
"Further advice and guidance will be provided to creditors in due course."
The Scottish FA said that, after examining the judgement, it would take no further disciplinary action.
It said it had been advised it was unlikely the Scottish FA would be successful pursuing a complaint about whether disciplinary rules could have been breached.
It added that, even if successful, any sanctions available to a judicial panel would be limited in their scope.
Meanwhile, Celtic said they were sure that the football authorities would review their findings that Rangers gained no sporting advantage from the tax-avoidance scheme.
A  league commission fined Rangers in 2013 but did not strip the club of any titles they had won during the years the scheme was in operation.
Celtic disagreed with that ruling at the time, and said the Supreme Court judgement "re-affirms that view."


The weekly reach of BBC Radio Wales has reached its lowest level since 2009, figures have shown.

The station saw a drop of 29,000 on the previous quarter and 46,000 fewer than a year ago with 380,000 weekly listeners, radio audience organisation Rajar said.
BBC Radio Cymru increased its audience by 4,000 on the previous quarter.
In the commercial sector there were falls in listeners for Heart stations.
Capital FM saw an increase in its weekly audience in south Wales from 161,000 to 170,000, though the audience for its north Wales station fell by 57,000 to 155,000.
There were small falls in weekly audiences for Bridge FM, Radio Ceredigion, Radio Carmarthenshire and Swansea Sound.
There was a slight increase in listeners for The Wave in Swansea, while Nation Radio's weekly audience dropped from 150,000 to 107,000.
The Radio Wales weekly reach is at its lowest since 2009 when it hit 377,000 listeners.
Before that, its lowest weekly reach was 363,000 in 1999.
A spokesman for BBC Cymru Wales said: "The Rajar figures are a helpful snapshot of live listening. We're always looking to strengthen both stations as listening habits and technologies evolve."


At least 12 people have died of dehydration and exhaustion while sitting in traffic in Indonesia.

Traffic filled up three lanes for several days on the island of Java.
Crowds travelling to their home villages to mark the end of the holy month of Ramadan converged around a single traffic junction, where building work forced them to wait.
Most victims were elderly and died in hot cars, officials say. One toddler was poisoned to death by exhaust fumes.
Daytime temperatures in the city of Brebes, where the jam occurred, have been close to 30C (86F) all week.
The authorities have set up a hotline for stranded drivers to call in a medical emergency but correspondents say it is unclear how help would reach anyone in trouble.
Transport officials said the deaths happened between Sunday and Tuesday.
The traffic jam was more than 13 miles (21km) long.
"There's no space on the road," transport ministry spokesman Hemi Pramuraharjo told the Agence France-Presse news agency. "We don't have a solution."
The Indonesian health ministry said people who were planning a long car journey should rest along the way and take necessary precautions.
Local media reported that roads in to the capital Jakarta are expected to be busy over the weekend as people return from the Eid al-Fitr festival that marks the end of Ramadan.


Sir Paul McCartney and Sony have a reached a deal in a battle over who owns publishing rights to The Beatles' songs, The Hollywood Reporter says.

The musician had gone to a US court, seeking to regain the rights to 267 of the band's classic tracks.
He has been trying to get them back since the 1980s, when Michael Jackson famously out-bid him for the rights.
Jackson's debt-ridden estate sold the songs to Sony last year, along with others including New York, New York.
Sir Paul's legal case, filed in a Manhattan court in January, was over what is known as copyright termination - the right of authors to reclaim ownership of their works from music publishers after a specific length of time has passed.
He claimed that he was set to reacquire the Beatles songs in 2018, but said Sony had not confirmed that it would transfer the copyrights to him.
"The parties have resolved this matter by entering into a confidential settlement agreement," Sir Paul's attorney Michael Jacobs wrote in a letter to US District Judge Edgardo Ramos.
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More should to be done to spread the "world-beating excellence" of British arts and culture to all parts of the UK, the new culture minister has said.

"No one should be excluded... because of their postcode," digital and culture minister Matt Hancock said in a speech to the arts and creative industries.
London's success should be "matched in every part of our land", he added.
The creative industries would be "absolutely central to [the UK's] post-Brexit future", he also said on Friday.
Speaking in central London, Mr Hancock said the UK's "cultural capital [had] long served as our global calling card".
The arts are central not just "to who we are as a country" but also "to our future prosperity as a nation", he said.
The minister said he would "fight to ensure that the creative and digital industries are at the heart of [the] government's industrial strategy".
Creative sector tax reliefs, he insisted, would "not be adversely affected" by the UK's decision to leave the European Union.
He also pledged that free entry to the permanent collections of the country's national museums was "not up for review".
During his address, hosted by the Creative Industries Federation at BFI Southbank, Mr Hancock also announced the following:
"You have a special responsibility to be a force for openness and social mobility in Britain," he told an audience that included Sir Nicholas Kenyon, director of the Barbican, and National Gallery director Gabriele Finaldi.
Mr Hancock's keynote speech followed an address earlier this week at the AGM of the British Phonographic Industry, during which he called on the music industry to ensure there was "diversity... in the boardroom as much as backstage."
"Music can't be the preserve of the privileged," he went on. "Are you doing all you can to blast open the doors to the industry?"
Elsewhere during the speech, Mr Hancock wondered why Adele's music was "so morose" given her remarkable global success.
The Conservative MP for West Suffolk took over from Ed Vaizey at the DCMS in July.
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Comedian, singer and writer Victoria Wood has died after "a short but brave" battle with cancer aged 62.

Her publicist said the star "died peacefully at her north London home with family" on Wednesday.
Wood's long-time comedy partner Julie Walters said she was "too heart sore to comment - the loss of her is incalculable".
Wood found fame in the 1980s and was best known for her BBC sketch Acorn Antiques and comedy Dinnerladies.
She won five Baftas including two for her one-off ITV drama Housewife, 49.
Wood got her first break on the TV talent show New Faces in 1974, while still a student at Birmingham University.
She established herself as a comedy star with her hit show Victoria Wood: As Seen On TV and went on to create the popular BBC comedies Acorn Antiques and Dinnerladies, featuring her long-time collaborator Julie Walters.
The pair became friends in the 1970s and first worked together on TV in 1981 on the comedy sketch show Wood and Walters.
Acorn Antiques also spawned a musical, which Wood wrote and was directed by Trevor Nunn in 2005.
Entertainer Michael Ball, who was a friend of Wood's and worked with her on the musical That Day We Sang, told the BBC she was a "trailblazer" for other female comedians.
The Radio 2 DJ said: "She gave inspiration to other women because she wasn't having to be sexy and rude, although she was all of those things. She was just brilliant.
"She made it seem to other women, you can do this. You just need to look at the various social media feeds to see the people she's influenced."
Ball said Wood, who he had "idolised" before working with, was "very private" and had not wanted people to know how ill she was.
"To then work with her and become friends and to become so close was a privilege," he added.
Fellow comedians have also been paying tribute, including Jennifer Saunders, who tweeted: "Can't believe Vic has gone. She was truly an inspiration and had so much left to to give and we won't see it. She was so funny."
Sir Lenny Henry said: "I am devastated - this is very, very sad news. Victoria will be sorely missed. Always funny, she worked incredibly hard. A killer stand-up and a fantastic songwriter. My condolences to all her family."
Catherine Tate said: "The news is devastating. It's so shocking and sad. We have lost an incredible talent who was a huge influence and inspiration to so many - a true game changer."
Jenny Eclair tweeted: "All of us women in comedy owe a huge debt of gratitude to Victoria - she paved the way."
John Cleese tweeted: "Shocked by news of Victoria Wood. I worked with her last year and was reminded of just what a superlative performer she was. Only 62!"
Jack Dee tweeted: "I feel privileged to have known and worked with the great Victoria Wood. Unique and truly brilliant."
Ricky Gervais said: "RIP the brilliant Victoria Wood. So innovative, funny and down to earth. This has not been a good year."
Sarah Millican also tweeted her sadness: "So incredibly sad to hear that Victoria Wood has died. A true comedy icon."
BBC entertainment correspondent  Lizo Mzimba
Victoria Wood will be remembered for her talent and her outstanding versatility.
Her keen observational style meant she was able to create memorable characters, routines and songs in the world of comedy and beyond - she applied the same skills to her Bafta-winning drama Housewife, 49.
Audiences related to her wit and warmth, and particularly her ability to find the humour in the most ordinary situations.
Most of all they recognised she was one of the most gifted entertainment figures of her generation. Comedian, writer, singer, actor. She could do it all.
Wood appeared on BBC One's That's Life! in 1976, which brought her into millions of homes on a frequent basis.
The show's presenter and Childline founder Dame Esther Rantzen was also among those who paid tribute.
"I think she is one of our greatest comic writers and performers, but she could also deal with serious issues as well, and she's a huge loss," Dame Esther said.
"She did a one-woman show for Childline where I felt hugely privileged to interview her and she told the story of her life with such wit. She just held us all enchanted for a whole evening."
Harry Potter author JK Rowling retweeted a link to a video of Wood performing one of her comedy songs, Reincarnation Song, saying: "Watch and weep. 62 is far too young. RIP Victoria Wood."
BBC director general Tony Hall said: "Victoria Wood was a woman with a stunning array of talents - a comedian, singer, songwriter, actress and director. People identified with her warmth and great charm.
"She brought people from all walks of life together and made them laugh and cry. She will be greatly missed and our thoughts are with her friends and family."
British Prime Minister David Cameron paid tribute, saying: "Victoria Wood was a national treasure loved by millions. My thoughts are with her family."
Wood also broke records with her stand-up tours, where her live comedy was interspersed with original comedy songs performed at the piano, and won her British Comedy Awards in 1990 and 2001.
She performed a record-breaking 15 nights at the Royal Albert Hall in 1993 as part of a six-month tour of the country - something her brother Chris was very proud of.
"The best thing for me was when she played the Albert Hall," he told the BBC. "I was very used to seeing her do her stand up in smaller halls and theatres but for her to be able to come on stage on her own and entertain, control and use an audience of 15,000 was absolutely superb.
"She had a great struggle early on and had to work hard for years to break through. It was her single-minded drive to succeed in the business that pulled her through."
Wood did a lot of charity work and visited Ethiopia in 1990 and Zimbabwe in 1998 for Comic Relief.
She also won the Great Comic Relief Bake Off in 2015.
The star also made documentaries including Victoria's Empire about the British Empire and Victoria Wood's Big Fat Documentary about the diet industry.
She was awarded an OBE in 1997 and awarded a CBE in 2008.
Wood married magician Geoffrey Durham, known as the Great Soprendo, in 1980 - and divorced in 2002.
She is survived by her two children, Grace and Henry.


A court has ruled plans to create a learning hub on common good land in Dumfries can go ahead.

Dumfries and Galloway Council had to apply to allow the use of the land at the King George V sports complex.
A sheriff has now granted the application which paves the way for the project to proceed.
The development is part of the multi-million pound Dumfries Learning Town project to overhaul education in the town.
The new facility is designed to offer specialist higher academic and vocational studies.
It is hoped the work could start on the project later this year with completion expected early in 2019.


The government is to launch a consultation on introducing a British Bill of Rights but there will be no legislation in the Queen's Speech.

The Conservatives pledged before the general election to replace the Human Rights Act, introduced by Labour in 1998, with a new Bill of Rights.
It follows concerns about rulings by the European Court of Human Rights and their application to the UK.
Opposition parties and a minority of Tories oppose scrapping the HRA.
Proposed legislation on a Bill of Rights and Responsibilities will not feature in the government's programme for the year ahead, announced by the Queen, either in full or draft form.
However, ministers have insisted they are committed to the plans and are consulting on the issues involved.
The Human Rights Act formally incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights, of which the UK was a founding signatory in 1950 and which came in force in 1953, into UK law.
Campaigners say the Act is a guarantor of fundamental freedoms, allowing people to challenge abuse, neglect or mistreatment, and that scrapping it would amount to "populist games with hard-won freedoms".
But critics have said that European courts have strayed into areas, such as prisoners voting rights, that should be the preserve of Parliament and should be left to the British courts.
The BBC's deputy political editor James Landale said that while the Conservatives had never said the measure would feature in its first Queen's Speech, it was now effectively being put "on the backburner".
The government faced a tough fight over other legislation, he said, and the prime minister wanted to "choose his battles" - adding that No 10's view was that "we still want to do it but not now".
Employment minister Priti Patel told the BBC that the government wanted to "bring sovereignty back to British courts" and the HRA had resulted in a "great deal of friction" between the British and European courts.
But she said it was right for the government to "take time" and "implement its manifesto in the right way". "It is important that we concentrate on doing these things properly," she said.
Labour said the government had "got the jitters" after calculating it could not get the measure through the Commons, while the SNP said the issue had been "kicked into the long grass".


Mark Jennings has signed a new two-year contract with Sale Sharks.

The centre, 24, came through Sale's academy and was the youngest player to sign a professional deal with the Sharks aged 16.
Jennings, who has represented England youth level, has made six Premiership appearances for Sale this season.
"He has stayed loyal to the club since joining and he will play a big part in what we are building at the club," Sale director of rugby Steve Diamond said.
Jennings becomes the 13th player to recently sign a new contract at 10th-placed Sale, with George Nott and brothers Ben and Tom Curry also committing their futures to the club this month.
His new deal also follows the returns of Will Cliff and Marc Jones from Bristol and the signing of Scotland international Josh Strauss from Glasgow.


A strike on Greater Manchester's tram system, planned for the day of a Manchester United match, has been called off.

Union members will be balloted on a new pay offer, which has been negotiated between Metrolink and Unite at Acas.
Staff had threatened to walk out for 24 hours on Wednesday, when United are due to play Burnley at Old Trafford.
In the last Metrolink strike in 2004, office staff, who had been trained as drivers, kept the network running.


Japanese wrestler Kaori Icho has become the first woman to win individual gold medals at four consecutive Olympics.

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The 32-year-old beat Russia's Valeria Koblova to win the -58kg freestyle wrestling division in Rio - as she has in every Games since Athens 2004.
Ten-time world champion Icho, whose 13-year undefeated record was ended in January, trailed with five seconds remaining but snatched victory.
Tunisia's Marwa Amri and Sakshi Malik of India won bronze medals.
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England need to win all three remaining games of the series to retain the Women's Ashes after Australia clinched the Test by 161 runs.

Starting the day on 90-4, Australia reached 156-6 before declaring for the second time in the match.
England were quickly reduced to 29-5, with Sarah Taylor out for a second consecutive duck.
Lydia Greenway and Georgia Elwiss stemmed the tide before England lost their last five wickets in 39 balls.
Australia seamer Ellyse Perry took career-best figures of six wickets for 32 runs, including removing Greenway and Laura Marsh with consecutive balls, as England collapsed from 80-6 to 101 all out.
It means Australia are now up 8-2 on points in the seven-match series, with three Twenty20 matches remaining that are each worth two points to the winner.
Ashes holders England can no longer win the series, but they could secure an unlikely draw by winning all three T20s.
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With the 263 runs required for victory an unlikely target, England's main task was to survive 89 overs.
In a repeat of the first innings, Sarah Coyte trapped Heather Knight lbw to bring Taylor, arguably England's best batter, to the crease.
Taylor, looking for vital runs after struggling with the bat during the series, survived only five balls as she played a delivery from Perry on to her stumps for a second duck in the Test.
Scraping through to lunch on 16-2, Charlotte Edwards was caught behind off the first ball after the break from Perry to start a collapse to 29-5.
Megan Schutt dismissed Lauren Winfield and Natalie Sciver cheaply before Greenway and Elwiss dropped anchor.
Greenway defended stoutly, with 128 dot balls from the 137 deliveries she faced, before a devastating spell from Perry sent England tumbling to defeat.
Australia's Jess Jonassen was the only player to pass 50 in the match, her effort seeming even more impressive given England's struggles on the same pitch.
Edwards' side were incapable of coping with the brilliance of Perry, who took Greenway's wicket in bizarre fashion as the English player attempted to duck out of the way of a short ball only for it to stay low and clip her leg stump.
The wicket was part of a majestic spell that saw all-rounder Perry take four wickets in 20 balls for just eight runs.
England's meek demise against arch rivals Australia left much to be desired - as they lost their second consecutive Test since becoming a fully professional side.
And ex-England batter Ebony Rainford-Brent believes the hosts lacked the resilience in their batting to ever have had a realistic chance of drawing the match.
"The manner in which England rolled over today, in particular with the batting, hasn't shown enough fight," she said.
"They are going to feel the pain of this because the way they have approached the match just hasn't been good enough.
"Australia adapted to the match situation much quicker and their captaincy was much more dynamic, aggressive and inventive - whereas England looked like it was a pre-planned process.
"I think the players need to find some guts and fight for the country and to turn themselves around in a week mentally is going to be a tough challenge."
England captain Charlotte Edwards: "It's really disappointing. I thought at tea time we had a sniff of holding on. We simply weren't good enough over the four days.
"We're not delivering as a batting unit. There's poor shot selection, but it's not through lack of trying. We're not learning quickly enough.
"It's down to the players, not the coaches. There are world-class players not delivering.
"We're going to fight to the bitter end. A change of format might be able to help us express ourselves."
Australia captain Meg Lanning: "This Test match was massive for us. We knew it would put us in the box seat.
"Winning the Ashes is the one thing that we haven't been able to do in the last five years. We came here really confident.
"England are a class side and they've got players there who can win games. We'll have to play well to win the T20s.
"Jess Jonassen was batting on a different deck to the rest of us, so she was certainly a big difference in this game. She's one to watch."


A "clean-up" plan announced by RBS is set to hit annual profit by £2.5bn and will push it into a loss for 2015.

In a statement, RBS said it was setting aside another £500m to pay for PPI claims and £1.5bn for US litigation.
In addition, the taxpayer-backed bank will write down £498m from its private bank Coutts.
"I am determined to put the issues of the past behind us and make sure RBS is a stronger, safer bank," chief executive Ross McEwan said.
"We will now continue to move further and faster in 2016 to clean up the bank and improve our core businesses."
The bank is also speeding up a plan to make payments into its pension fund to help deal with the £4.2bn deficit. The fund has 220,000 members and has been closed to new ones since 2006.
RBS is 73% owned by the government as a result of a bailout during the financial crisis.
It has not made an annual profit for seven years and is due to report results on 26 February.
Shares in RBS fell more than 5% in early trading, but then recovered to close down 2% at 255.7p.
When you are about to sell the house, it's always worth a good clean up before potential customers arrive for a poke around.
That's what's happening at RBS and is what this morning's announcement is all about. George Osborne, the chancellor, is keen to off-load the government's 73% stake in the bank over the course of this Parliament.
Ross McEwan is clear today that he wants to put "legacy issues" behind the bank. That's shorthand for the collapse of the bank in 2008.
The largest of those are the legal actions in the US connected to the failure of mortgage products.
RBS's share price, at around 260p, is still a long way from 502p, considered to be the "in price" the government paid for its stake. The share price has sunk by almost a third in the past year.
Clean up, yes, but investors will need to see an improved performance from the bank before that share price starts rising again.
On a conference call Mr McEwan refused to answer questions about what the measures meant for the sale of the government's stake in the bank.
But he said that he thought the bank's provisions for mis-selling PPI were now over.
"Based on what we know today, hopefully this is the final provision. Hopefully it is the end... this is it," he said. The bank's total costs for the scandal are now £4.3bn.
The PPI policies were supposed to protect people against loss of income or sickness, but were often inappropriate. Across the industry, more than £20bn has been paid to more than 10 million consumers.
Analysts warned that this had negative implications for Lloyds, the bank that has paid out the most for the scandal so far.
But Citigroup warned that this was not the end of the matter for RBS.
"We still see significant additional litigation charges in 2016, on top of the charges that have been announced today," the bank said in a research note.
In addition, it expects earnings to be hit by the introduction of the UK bank tax, as well as continued low interest rates, because this affects its ability to profit from assets.
Alex Potter from Mirabaud Securities said: "I think what's worrying the market is the fact that there is still no provision for a deal with the US's Federal Housing Finance Agency, which has so far imposed the biggest fines."
The bank is not allowed to put money aside until it is in substantive discussions with the regulator.
"I think this means no further stake sale this year [by the UK government] unless they suddenly announce a deal in the US," Mr Potter added.


Blackpool moved into the play-off places as goals from Jamille Matt and Tom Aldred sentenced Leyton Orient to a seventh straight home defeat.

Matt broke the deadlock on the half hour when hew bundled Orient defender Yvan Erichot off the ball, advanced towards goal down the left, then drilled his shot past goalkeeper Alex Cisak at the near post.
The home side had Cisak to thank for restricting the visitors' advantage to just one goal at the interval, denying Brad Potts at close range before diving at the feet of Colin Daniel as the Blackpool player was about to pull the trigger.
The home side's best effort came in the 32nd minute when Gavin Massey hit the woodwork from 25 yards.
But Blackpool doubled their lead on 58 minutes when defender Tom Aldred was left completely unmarked to head in a corner.
The home side looked dispirited until Paul McCallum's looping header with two minutes left offered them a lifeline, but the visitors were able to contain a late rally.
There were combined protests before and during the game involving 300 Orient and Blackpool supporters protesting at the manner of ownership of their respective clubs.
Report supplied by Press Association
Match ends, Leyton Orient 1, Blackpool 2.
Second Half ends, Leyton Orient 1, Blackpool 2.
Foul by Paul McCallum (Leyton Orient).
Clark Robertson (Blackpool) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Tom Aldred.
Substitution, Blackpool. Danny Philliskirk replaces Kyle Vassell.
Corner,  Leyton Orient. Conceded by Clark Robertson.
Attempt blocked. Robbie Weir (Leyton Orient) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Goal!  Leyton Orient 1, Blackpool 2. Paul McCallum (Leyton Orient) header from the centre of the box to the top left corner. Assisted by Alan Dunne with a cross.
Jay Simpson (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Danny Pugh (Blackpool).
Substitution, Blackpool. Armand Gnanduillet replaces Jamille Matt.
Paul McCallum (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Clark Robertson (Blackpool).
Attempt missed. Sandro Semedo (Leyton Orient) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the right.
Substitution, Blackpool. Jim McAlister replaces Colin Daniel.
Sandro Semedo (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Kelvin Mellor (Blackpool).
Andy Taylor (Blackpool) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Attempt missed. Sandro Semedo (Leyton Orient) left footed shot from long range on the right is high and wide to the left.
Corner,  Blackpool. Conceded by Nicky Hunt.
Attempt blocked. Brad Potts (Blackpool) right footed shot from the left side of the box is blocked.
Gavin Massey (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Jack Payne (Blackpool).
Foul by Nicky Hunt (Leyton Orient).
Kyle Vassell (Blackpool) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Substitution, Leyton Orient. Paul McCallum replaces Ollie Palmer.
Ollie Palmer (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Clark Robertson (Blackpool).
Attempt missed. Kyle Vassell (Blackpool) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
Sandro Semedo (Leyton Orient) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Jack Payne (Blackpool).
Foul by Nigel Atangana (Leyton Orient).
Andy Taylor (Blackpool) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Attempt missed. Kelvin Mellor (Blackpool) right footed shot from the right side of the box is high and wide to the left.
Attempt blocked. Kyle Vassell (Blackpool) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Substitution, Leyton Orient. Sandro Semedo replaces Michael Collins.
Robbie Weir (Leyton Orient) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Robbie Weir (Leyton Orient).
Brad Potts (Blackpool) wins a free kick on the right wing.


Most of Europe's top players are now gearing up for the start of Euro 2016 after being named in their country's 23-man squad for the tournament.

Injury has prevented the likes of Belgium's Vincent Kompany, France's Raphael Varane and Germany's Marco Reus from being involved.
But other top names have been deemed surplus to requirements for the competition in France, which starts on 10 June.
BBC Sport has put together a starting XI (plus substitutes) of players omitted by their country this summer.
The 25-year-old goalkeeper has had a superb first season with Paris St-Germain, keeping 25 clean sheets in all competitions to help them win an unprecedented domestic treble (including the Ligue 1 title by 31 points). However, this was not enough to force his way into the Germany squad, with Joachim Low opting for Manuel Neuer (Bayern Munich), Bernd Leno (Bayer Leverkusen) and Marc-Andre ter Stegen (Barcelona) as his three keepers.
After an inconsistent start to his Liverpool career, the 26-year-old has now established himself in Jurgen Klopp's starting XI. Unfortunately for the central defender, his relationship with Croatia head coach Ante Cacic is not as strong. The pair fell out during a friendly in March, when Lovren was an unused substitute, before he reportedly sought guarantees he would start games. "When it dawns on him that he can't look down on his team-mates, the staff and the coach, he will perhaps find a way to get back in," said Cacic.
The former Arsenal and Fulham defender has 55 international caps but will not be adding to those this summer. The 31-year-old is now back playing in Switzerland with Grasshoppers Zurich, after leaving Aston Villa in January, but has clearly not impressed sufficiently enough over 14 appearances to warrant a trip to France. "It's a difficult moment for him," said coach Vladimir Petkovic. "He has maybe lost a bit of confidence and that positive feeling is not there."
The defensive midfielder/defender has had his share of injury problems but he remains a high-profile absentee. The 27-year-old made 27 appearances for Bayern Munich this season as the German side won a domestic double and reached the semi-finals of the Champions League. But this was not enough to give him the chance to add to the World Cup and European Championship winners medals he won in 2010 and 2012 respectively.
The 26-year-old defensive midfielder's omission prompted some anger from fans on social media. Drinkwater played a key role in Leicester's Premier League title-winning success this season and was named man of the match on his international debut in the 2-1 friendly defeat against the Netherlands in March. But with Eric Dier likely to start and Jordan Henderson and Jack Wilshere fit again, Roy Hodgson clearly feels he has enough midfield options.
Ben Arfa has resurrected his career at Nice this season after it went off the rails at Newcastle and Hull. The attacking midfielder scored 18 goals in 36 appearances, prompting his return to the international scene for the 2-0 friendly loss to England last November. "Hatem has had a great season but he's not the only one in that position," said France coach Didier Deschamps, who also has Antoine Griezmann, Anthony Martial and Dimitri Payet at his disposal.
Marco Reus' absence from the Germany squad drew the headlines, but Bellarabi is also a surprising omission. The 26-year-old Bayer Leverkusen midfielder has had a superb season, which he ended in style, scoring seven times in his final 16 appearances to help his club to a third-place Bundesliga finish. However, this was not enough to force his way past the likes of Julian Draxler and Andre Schurrle and into Joachim Low's squad.
Such is the abundance of quality available to Spain coach Vicente del Bosque, he is able to leave out a player who has just helped Real Madrid win their 11th European title. The 24-year-old midfielder appeared regularly for his country during qualifying for France and made 43 appearances for Real this season but lost out as Del Bosque opted for Atletico Madrid's Koke and Isco's club-mate Lucas Vazquez instead.
Three goals in 23 appearances in his second loan spell at AC Milan was never likely to be enough to earn Mario Balotelli a spot in the Italy squad. The forward was one of the stars of Euro 2012, scoring three goals to help Italy reach the final, but his career has stalled since then. The 25-year-old now has a summer to reflect on whether he can salvage his club career with Liverpool.
If the tournament had been played last summer, Costa would surely have made the cut, but the forward's second season with Chelsea has been far more inconsistent than his first. He actually ended the campaign in decent form, scoring 12 of his 16 goals in his last 20 appearances, but after just one strike for his country in qualifying and doubts over his fitness, coach Del Bosque clearly feels he has better options.
The 28-year-old striker has suffered for matters off the pitch rather than on it. His record of 28 goals in 36 games this season for Real Madrid is enough to warrant inclusion in the France squad. However, he has been excluded following his implication in an alleged attempt by one of his friends to blackmail international team-mate  Mathieu Valbuena over a sex tape. Arsenal's Olivier Giroud is likely to lead the French line in his absence.
Subs: Jose Reina (Spain), Mathieu Debuchy (France), Juan Mata (Spain), Kevin Mirallas (Belgium), Hamdi Salihi (Albania), Andros Townsend (England), Fernando Torres (Spain).


National League Woking have signed striker Macauley Bonne on a one-month loan from Colchester United.

The 21-year-old made his debut for the League Two Essex side in 2013 and scored 14 goals in 76 appearances.
He spent part of this season on loan at National League leaders Lincoln City, where his only goal in eight outings came in a 1-0 win at Tranmere Rovers
Woking are in the relegation zone with one win in their last five games and play Eastleigh on Saturday.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page or visit our Premier League tracker here.


Dundee United will "be fighting right until the end" in the Championship race, insists goalkeeper Cammy Bell.

Having briefly taken over top spot, a run of three games without a win has seen United drop six points behind leaders Hibernian.
"There is still a long way to go," Bell told BBC Scotland. "We need to dust ourselves down and get back to winning ways.
"There are no easy games in this league and still a few twists to come."
A 14-match sequence without a loss came to an end at Dumbarton on Hogmanay and was followed by a crushing 3-0 defeat to Hibs at Easter Road.
On Saturday, Ray McKinnon's side needed two goals in the last 15 minutes to hold Queen of the South to a 3-3 draw and preserve this season's unbeaten home record.
"We've let ourselves down but all we can do is look forward to the next game," added Bell, who moved to Tannadice from Rangers in the summer.
"We need to start keeping clean sheets again.
"We've lost poor goals in these last two games and that's down to lapses in concentration. There are a lot of good players who will take advantage and that's why I think the top teams will drop points because there is such strength in this league.
"Against Hibs, we didn't turn up and that was disappointing. We made it easy for them.
"On Saturday, we started really strongly and I felt we were going to go on and win the game but when we were 3-1 down there was a 10 minute spell when I thought there was no way we'd get anything.
"Then Scott Fraser scores and completely changes the complexion of the game.
"It might be a valuable point at the end of the season.
"We're hurting at the moment but you can't dwell on these things. We've still to play Hibs at home and we beat them at Tannadice previously."
Morton are five points behind United with a game in hand, with Bell admitting the Greenock side are "right on our case".
Cappielow manager Jim Duffy had an unsuccessful spell in charge at Easter Road in the 1990s and is envious of the players Hibs counterpart Neil Lennon has at his disposal.
"Hibs shouldn't be in this division but they are," he said.
"You can only attract Kris Commons, Chris Humphrey, Andrew Shinnie and Grant Holt if you are a big club and you can afford it. But that doesn't guarantee anything.
"There are a lot of good teams in this division and everyone has a target, fighting for the play-offs or trying to stay away from the bottom.
"Every game is competitive and Hibs will definitely drop points, so it's up to others to challenge them.
"If we're playing Hibs, they have better players who have played at a higher level, so technically they should move the ball a fraction better and maybe be more creative than us.
"But what they shouldn't be able to do is work any harder or give any more.
"I think Hibs are the best side in the division but they are not miles better than anyone else. On their day, if they drop a fraction, then we can give them a game.
"From Hibs' point of view, they will want to put their foot down on the gas and if they can do that it's going to be very difficult, even for Dundee United."


The Progressive Building Society made an after-tax profit of £9.4m in 2016, lower than the record £11m profit achieved in 2015.

The society said it had expected the reduced profit due to lower interest income in what is "a highly-competitive local mortgage market".
Progressive is Northern Ireland's only locally-controlled building society.
It has 12 branches across Northern Ireland.
Chief executive Darina Armstrong said: "While the local economy faced uncertainty throughout 2016, the rate of growth was better than many had predicted and this was reflected through another strong financial performance.
"Our savings balance also grew by £62m, which has been achieved by offering some of the best rates in a very competitive marketplace."


Glenn Murray's late header gave Bournemouth a famous win at Stamford Bridge and ratcheted up the pressure on Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho.

The 82nd-minute goal, scored after Chelsea failed to clear a corner, moves Eddie Howe's side up to 17th place.
It also makes them the first promoted side to beat Chelsea at home since Charlton in April 2001.
But it leaves the defending champions in 14th place, 14 points adrift of the Champions League places.
It had appeared that Chelsea were slowly rediscovering their form after keeping three successive clean sheets in all competitions, but this defeat casts fresh doubt both on their ability to haul themselves back into the Champions League places and on the manager himself.
Mourinho's side have now lost eight of their 15 Premier League games and are just three points clear of the relegation zone at the beginning of December. The 14-point gap to the top four is beginning to look insurmountable.
Chelsea started once again without Diego Costa, only for the Spain striker - who responded angrily to being an unused substitute against Tottenham last Sunday - to be summoned at the interval.
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He did offer a greater presence to a hitherto meek attack, winning the odd header and occupying the visitors' centre-backs, but could not conjure the goal that would have settled the growing nerves around Stamford Bridge.
The closest Costa came was first narrowly failing to connect with a flashing Branoslav Ivanovic cross, then having a prodded effort blocked by Artur Boruc. He also claimed forlornly for a penalty when his cross struck the arm of the sliding Simon Francis, but referee Mike Jones waved away the appeal.
It meant that his only appearance in the official's notebook was for a booking, received for tugging down Matt Ritchie.
Chelsea were unbeaten in 43 Premier League games at Stamford Bridge against promoted clubs but will rarely have faced one as confident and composed as Eddie Howe's side were.
Bournemouth were comfortable on the ball and ambitious in their use of it, which allowed them to squeeze up the pitch and cleave open their more feted hosts on several occasions.
Indeed, had it not been for returning Chelsea goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois - who had not played since the defeat by Crystal Palace in August after damaging medial knee ligaments - the visitors might have won more comfortably. The Belgian thwarted Josh King three times in the opening half after being preferred to Asmir Begovic,
However, he was unconvincing in his attempts to claim Junior Stanislas' 82nd-minute corner, his weak punch being directed back towards goal by Steve Cook before Murray planted a header into the unguarded net. Mourinho might also question Branislav Ivanovic's tame attempt to prevent Cook winning the loose ball.
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Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho: "The result is not fair. In the first half we were soft and did not press and were not aggressive and were not intense. In the second half everything changed. We were aggressive, created chances and had crosses and a clear penalty that the referee did not see. That is the game.
"In the moment when our opponent were thinking just about defending a clean sheet they cross the halfway line for the first time and scored. If it was offside it is another episode that goes against us, but I did not see it."
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Bournemouth manager Eddie Howe: "It was really emotional in the dressing room afterwards. I'm so proud of them.
"We defended so well, put our bodies on the line and didn't succumb to the pressure. We hung in there and that was crucial. We've talked all season about trying to score more goals from corner and free kicks and it happened today."
Chelsea host Porto in the Champions League on Wednesday, needing to avoid defeat to advance, then visit league leaders Leicester City the following Monday. Bournemouth host Manchester United on Saturday.
Match ends, Chelsea 0, Bournemouth 1.
Second Half ends, Chelsea 0, Bournemouth 1.
Foul by Willian (Chelsea).
Adam Smith (Bournemouth) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt blocked. Loïc Remy (Chelsea) header from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Eden Hazard with a cross.
Attempt saved. Dan Gosling (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the right side of the six yard box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Matt Ritchie.
Foul by Eden Hazard (Chelsea).
Adam Smith (Bournemouth) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Corner,  Bournemouth. Conceded by Gary Cahill.
Attempt blocked. Harry Arter (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked.
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Junior Stanislas.
Attempt missed. Branislav Ivanovic (Chelsea) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Pedro.
Attempt missed. Matt Ritchie (Bournemouth) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Glenn Murray.
Willian (Chelsea) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Harry Arter (Bournemouth).
Substitution, Chelsea. Loïc Remy replaces Cesc Fàbregas.
Substitution, Chelsea. Bertrand Traore replaces Baba Rahman.
Goal!  Chelsea 0, Bournemouth 1. Glenn Murray (Bournemouth) header from very close range to the centre of the goal following a corner.
Attempt blocked. Steve Cook (Bournemouth) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Corner,  Bournemouth. Conceded by Pedro.
Kurt Zouma (Chelsea) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Dangerous play by Glenn Murray (Bournemouth).
Substitution, Bournemouth. Glenn Murray replaces Joshua King because of an injury.
Attempt missed. Nemanja Matic (Chelsea) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Eden Hazard.
Attempt missed. Kurt Zouma (Chelsea) with an attempt from the left side of the six yard box misses to the left. Assisted by Willian with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Artur Boruc.
Attempt saved. Diego Costa (Chelsea) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Cesc Fàbregas with a through ball.
Attempt blocked. Pedro (Chelsea) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Willian.
Pedro (Chelsea) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Harry Arter (Bournemouth).
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Junior Stanislas (Bournemouth) because of an injury.
Kurt Zouma (Chelsea) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Joshua King (Bournemouth).
Foul by Baba Rahman (Chelsea).
Matt Ritchie (Bournemouth) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Andrew Surman.
Willian (Chelsea) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Matt Ritchie (Bournemouth).
Corner,  Chelsea. Conceded by Matt Ritchie.


The African Champions League holders Mamelodi Sundowns began the defence of their crown with a 2-1 win over Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) of Uganda on Friday, but conceded what could be a costly away goal.

South Africa's Sundowns hosted the first leg in Pretoria as the top-ranked clubs entered the competition at the last-32 stage.
The hosts set off to a blistering start, going 2-0 up inside the first six minutes, before KCCA's second half strike.
KCCA FC's coach Mike Mutebi, who had warned his opponents that his players could cause a shock, could not have predicted a worse start for his side.
Soumahoro Bangaly put Sundowns in front after just 2 minutes with Brazilian Ricardo Nascimento making it 2-0 to the South Africans just four minutes later.
However, the Ugandans frustrated the hosts, and their resilience was rewarded in the second half.
KCCA's goal came from in-form Geoffrey Sserunkuma in the 68th minute which could prove to be vital ahead of the return leg next weekend.
Click here for Champions League fixtures and results from the Caf website
On Saturday, record 8-time African champions Al Ahly of Egypt beat South African league leaders Bidvest Wits 1-0 in Cairo.
Centreback Ahmed Hegazy, who starred when Egypt finished Africa Cup of Nations runners-up last month, scored the winner on 57 minutes.
Former African title-holders Esperance of Tunisia and Wydad Casablanca of Morocco also used home advantage to build leads ahead of return matches next weekend.
Ferjani Sassi put Esperance ahead against Horoya of Guinea in Rades and restored the lead after Burkinabe Yacouba Mando levelled before half-time.
Fakhreddine Ben Youssef added a third goal for the two-time African champions with 15 minutes left.
Liberian William Jebor scored late to earn Wydad Casablanca a 1-0 win in Rabat over Mounana of Gabon, who had David Massamba sent off just before half-time.
Wydad, semi-finals losers to Zamalek of Egypt last season, squandered numerous scoring chances.
On a profitable day for north African clubs, 2015 Champions League runners-up USM Alger of Algeria defeated Rail Kadiogo of Burkina Faso 2-0 in Algiers.


The government's preferred candidate for the next chief inspector of schools in England has been challenged over her lack of experience as a teacher.

Amanda Spielman faced tough questioning on Wednesday from the Education Select Committee over how she intended to address concerns from the profession.
The MPs will now consider whether or not to endorse her appointment and report back "in due course".
Ms Spielman currently chairs exams regulator Ofqual.
Labour MP Stephen Timms said it was not unreasonable for teachers to feel the chief inspector should be someone with teaching experience.
"It seems to me, you probably do need to build some bridges with the teaching profession, and, from your answers, it sounds as though you don't really recognise that as something you need to do," he said.
"I wonder if you'd recognise there is a need to build some bridges there."
Ms Spielman paused and said: "It's something that will always be there, that I haven't been a teacher, but I think I have so much else that I have to make sure that the team as a whole does have plenty of direct experiences. I truly don't see that as a real impediment to doing the job."
Conservative MP William Wragg asked her: "Will it be odd to have a chief inspector who hasn't had that front-line experience in the classroom or, indeed, as we've not discussed yet, social care experience, given the remit of Ofsted?"
She replied: "I don't think so at all. First, as you've just pointed out,  Ofsted is not just all about schools, there's a great deal else.
"I don't think there is anybody who has deep experience of everything it covers.
"No matter what, there are going to be some gaps, and it's about having the person who understands and makes sure the management team as a whole works to do the job that matters.
"And secondly, even in relation to schools... we've been through a very clear transition away from telling teachers how to do their job.
"And if that's what Ofsted was, then maybe the sort of national super-head model would be the right one, but I think there was very clear system agreement that that is not what's wanted."
Mr Timms asked her if she was willing to be "as outspoken" as the current head of Ofsted, Sir Michael Wilshaw, had been.
She said: "I think my style is very different.
"I come back to this - I have no fear of saying anything, but I do want to make sure it is grounded in the evidence that Ofsted holds.
"I would not want to get drawn into expressing personal opinions, and I think that's one of the difficulties for any holder of this job... to make sure they stay anchored to the organisation and its evidence."
Asked by Labour MP Ian Austin what was the single biggest challenge facing the education sector, Ms Spielman paused and said "absorbing the enormous amount of change" was "typically preoccupying" teachers.
Mr Austin responded by saying people did not need access to Ofsted's detailed data to know standards in schools were not good enough and that England was falling behind countries such as South Korea, Finland, Poland, Estonia and Slovakia in basic skills.
He told Ms Spielman: "If you're not coming to this saying, 'Standards aren't good enough, I've got a mission to drive them up, this is how I'm going to do it, I'm going to be evangelical about school improvement and enabling young people in Britain to fulfil their potential,'  I'm sort of worried about that if I'm honest."
Tory MP Neil Carmichael, who chairs the committee and appeared frustrated with Ms Spielman during the hour and 40 minute session, was particularly cutting over an answer she gave over child protection.
"We're in danger straying into data again," he said. "I was hoping to have a sentence without that word 'data' in it."


Two-time Wimbledon champion Rafael Nadal made an early exit for the fourth year in a row as he was outplayed by qualifier Dustin Brown on Centre Court.

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Germany's world number 102 won 7-5 3-6 6-4 6-4 to reach the third round of a Grand Slam for the third time.
It is only the second time this year that the 30-year-old has won back-to-back matches at the top level.
Nadal, 29, has now lost in the second, first, fourth and second rounds on his past four visits to Wimbledon.
On each occasion the 14-time Grand Slam champion was beaten by a player outside the world's top 100.
Brown, who changed nationality from Jamaican to German in 2010, now has a 2-0 record against Nadal having beaten the Spaniard on grass in Halle in 2014.
"You have to play your A game against him," Brown told BBC Sport.
"I am fortunate I played him twice on grass, which is my favourite surface. My game makes him not play his game. He doesn't get in a rhythm."
Nadal's last four Wimbledon campaigns have ended in defeat to underdogs ranked 100 in the world or lower at the time.
The 14-time Grand Slam champion conceded that after his latest upset he may not recapture the form that secured titles at the All England Club in 2008 and 2010.
Brown came through three rounds of qualifying last week, needed four sets to win in the first round on Tuesday and played five sets of doubles on Wednesday.
Thursday's victory guarantees him £77,000 in prize money, and Brown will take on 22nd seed Viktor Troicki in the last 32 on Saturday.
"It's great that people are appreciating me for my tennis.  But on the other side, if I would worry too much about what people think, I wouldn't have the hair and probably wouldn't look the way I look," Brown said.
"When we watch my matches it's like, 'OK, that's a good shot, maybe that was stupid'.
"That is how I am. That's what makes me dangerous, especially on these surfaces."
His attacking game proved too much for 10th seed Nadal, with 13 aces, 58 winners and 89 trips to the net keeping the Spaniard on the back foot.
Twenty winners and two breaks of serve helped Brown to the first set, but Nadal appeared to be taking back control with two breaks in the second.
The German was not intimidated, pushing hard again in the third set and grabbing the crucial break with another sortie to the net.
Nadal's once fearsome forehand was misfiring badly and after he found the tram lines to fall behind at the start of the fourth, it appeared only a failure of nerve could stop Brown.
That almost came to pass when he missed a first match point by leaving a tantalising volley, only to see the ball drop inside the baseline, and Nadal then fired down an ace on the second.
It was left to Brown to serve out for the win of his life and he finished with an ace.


Detectives have developed a new tactic to beat criminals using mobile phone encryption - legally "mug" them.

The tactic has emerged after Scotland Yard's cybercrime unit smashed a fake credit card fraud racket.
Officers realised crucial evidence in the investigation was concealed on a suspect's iPhone - but it would be unobtainable if the device was locked.
So a covert team seized it in the street while the suspect was on a call - beating the security settings.
The street seizure of the phone was dreamt up by detectives from Operation Falcon, the specialist Metropolitan Police team running investigations into major fraud and related crimes organised online.
Gabriel Yew had been under investigation for the suspected manufacture of fake cards that gangs were using across Europe to buy luxury goods. Detectives suspected that he was using an iPhone exclusively to communicate to other members of the network but knew if they arrested him, he could refuse to unlock it and they would never see incriminating evidence.
They considered whether they could legally force a suspect's finger or thumb on to the device's fingerprint reader to unlock it, but found they had no such power.
However, they concluded they could stage their own lawful "street robbery" - using a similar snatch technique to a thief - and in June a team set out to do precisely that.
Undercover surveillance officers trailed Yew and waited for him to unlock his phone to make a call - thereby disabling the encryption.
One officer then rushed in to seize the phone from Yew's hand - just as would happen in a criminal mugging. As his colleagues restrained the suspect, the officer continually "swiped" through the phone's screens to prevent it from locking before they had downloaded its data.
"The challenges of pin code access and encryption on some phones make it harder to access evidence in a timely fashion than ever before," said Det Ch Insp Andrew Gould who led the operation.
"Officers had to seize Yew's phone from him in the street. This evidence was crucial to the prosecution."
The phone revealed a motherlode of information on Yew's efficient business-like practices. He had orders for fake cards and there was evidence linking him to four men who were subsequently convicted and a further 100 potential suspects.
Detectives also uncovered Yew's "factory" with thousands of blank credit cards ready to be programmed.
Yew pleaded guilty to fraud and weapons offences and at a sentencing hearing this week at Blackfriars Crown Court was jailed for five and a half years.


A record number of parks and open spaces in Northern Ireland have received the Green Flag award in recognition of environmental efforts and visitors' facilities.

Seventeen parks in the Belfast area received the award.
Antrim and Newtonabbey Borough Council also had 13 parks in their area which were recognised.
The Green Flag award for parks was first introduced in 2008/2009. There were 14 first-time winners this year.
The awards are judged annually by green space experts, who volunteer to visit sites.
They assess them against eight strict criteria, including:
Dr Ian Humphreys, chief executive of Keep Northern Ireland Beautiful, said: "With many people increasingly relying on their local park as a place to exercise, relax and have fun, quality green space has never been more important.
"Research shows that people will only visit a park if they perceive it to be clean and safe; and the Green Flag Award is an easy way for the public to see at a glance that their park meets the highest standards.
"All the flags flying this year are a testament to the efforts of the hundreds of men and women, both staff and volunteers, who work tirelessly to maintain the high standards demanded by the Green Flag Award."


As the campaign debate on the state of the NHS in England and what the parties would do about it reaches fever pitch, there is an interesting perspective on how the health service compares with systems in other economies.

Finding comparable international health data is not straightforward.  With devolved administrations as well as Westminster running health there are added complications.  But the Economist Intelligence Unit has had a go at putting the NHS in a global context.
The EIU has gathered statistics from the OECD (the group of wealthier economies), some of which admittedly are for no later than 2012.  The analysis looks at the UK performance, bringing together the service in England and the NHS in the devolved administrations.
The report says that rather less per head is spent on health than in many other leading economies.
The UK is in the lower half of a league table of 30 nations for health staffing.  In 2012, the UK had 2.8 doctors and 8.2 nurses per 10,000 people, compared with averages across the OECD of 3.2 and 8.9, respectively.
The EIU argues that the starkest differences are apparent when it comes to physical resources ,with the UK sitting near the bottom of the OECD league table.  The UK has just 2.8 hospital beds per 1,000 people against an OECD average of 4.8.  For equipment such as CT and MRI scanners, availability is less than half the average.
The report argues that the main political parties are on the right lines in calling for more NHS funding above the rate of inflation. The scale of the immediate financial challenge was apparent again today in a document prepared by NHS Providers, which represents health trusts in England, and made public by Labour. The paper, based on a survey of members, shows that two-thirds expect to be in deficit over this financial year, and to the tune of more than Â£750 million in total - three times higher than the figure in 2014/15.
But the EIU analysis also concludes that the NHS is relatively cost-effective compared to other health systems. It says administrative costs are low. Being a centralised system rather than one reliant on competing healthcare insurers helps contain spending, as does the fact that there is no need to organise payments by patients.
As regards outcomes, the report suggests that NHS performance is "mediocre", though this may have something to do with lower levels of resourcing.
The UK's record on cancer survival rates is said to be "patchy".  But the NHS does better on international comparisons for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
As has been noted by the Commonwealth Fund and others, the NHS scores highly against international peers on equal access to healthcare. The EIU report concludes that the gap between the care available to low income groups and the wealthiest is smaller than in most advanced economies.
All in all, this is an intriguing contribution to the often vexed debate about the future of the NHS.
We spend less on health than many of our peers. There seems to be a consensus that more money needs to be invested in the NHS even after ambitious efficiency savings. But finding that cash in what's set to be a tough spending review later this year will be no easy matter for whoever forms the next Government.
This issue includes NHS funding, GP access and social care, particularly of older people.
Policy guide: Where the parties stand
Q&A: Health and care - the background issues


A kilo of drugs previously known as "legal highs" and dozens of mobile phones have been seized at a  prison in a single month.

HM Inspectorate of Prisons said the influx of drugs at HMP Lindholme near Doncaster was "destabilising" the establishment.
The Category C prison holds just over 1,000 adult male inmates.
The National Offender Management Service said "the governor was working hard with police" to tackle the issue.
Prison inspectors said they were told "horrific" stories concerning the possible effects of new psychoactive substances (NPS).
Following the Psychoactive Substances Act, brought into effect on 26 May, the production, distribution, sale and supply of drugs previously called "legal highs" is now an offence punishable by up to seven years in prison.
The Inspectorate's report, following an unannounced inspection in March, said links with crime agencies were "impressive" and a kilo of NPS, 67 mobile phones and 145 Sim cards  had been seized in a month.
What are so-called "legal highs"?
Nearly two-thirds of prisoners told inspectors it was easy to obtain illegal drugs.
The report added: "The stories we were told, concerning the possible effects that NPS was having on individuals, including one young man who had literally blinded himself, were nothing short of horrific."
The watchdog said serious concerns still need addressing at HMP Lindholme, but its deterioration had been halted and work, training and education had improved.
Michael Spurr, chief executive of the National Offender Management Service, said the site had a "focus on rehabilitation", but efforts were "undermined by the illegal supply of new psychoactive substances".
"The governor is working hard with police colleagues to tackle this threat and to generally improve safety," he said.


People in Fife have gone from being among the least happy in Scotland to the most happy, a new survey suggests.

The region has taken the top spot in the Bank of Scotland's Happiness Index, knocking last year's winner, the Highlands, into second place.
In the past 12 months, Fife has jumped from a happiness score of +35.56 to +56.56, which is well above the Scotland average of +40.43.
Those aged 65 and over, and women, remain the happiest in Scotland.
The index attempts to quantify how happy people are in the communities in which they live.
Two fifths (41%) of Fifers said they were "very happy" living in their community, which is almost double last year's 23%.
The amount of residents in Fife saying they were unhappy living in their community reduced to 7% this year, from 13% last year.
The report authors suggest this could be because they are the region focusing most on spending time with family and are also taking time to focus on pursuing hobbies and interests, as well as progress their career.
Although now in second place, the Highlands' happiness score of +50.56 is still an improvement on last year's score of +47.73.
Dundonians are least happy living in their community, falling from a 2015 happiness score of +44.3 to +31.01 this year.
Overall though, Scots are generally happier than they were last year. There has been a slight increase in the overall happiness score for Scotland, which is now +40.43 compared to +39.02 last year.
Women were again found to be happier than men with both seeing a slight improvement on last year.
Although those aged 65 and over remain the happiest in Scotland, there was a slight dip in their score.
Those aged 18-24 are still the least happy.
Those on a household income of £25,000-£39,999 are the most happy in Scotland.
Rachel Bright, Bank of Scotland's head of customer service said: "This year, Fife's happiness score has increased over 20 points, putting them at the top of the Happiness Index and pushing the Highlands into second place.
"There has been a slight increase in the overall happiness score for Scotland as a whole, with women remaining happier than men. As we saw last year, happiness increases with age, and pensioners are once more the happiest age group in Scotland."
The research was compiled by YouGov and the findings are based on 3,056 online interviews with a nationally representative sample of adults aged 16 and over living in Scotland.
The index was created by assigning a score between 100 and -100 to people's responses to the question: "Taking everything into account, how happy or unhappy would you say you are living in your community?"
The average happiness score was then calculated using the values:  -100 for a response of "Very unhappy", -50 for "Somewhat unhappy", a score of zero for "Neither happy nor unhappy", +50 for "Somewhat happy" and +100 for a response of "Very happy".
Happiest by age
Happiest by income
Interviews were conducted between 2 December 2015 and 9 December 2015.


A search is underway to find out why a plane went missing on 19 May.

20 May 2016 Last updated at 16:11 BST
The EgyptAir flight MS804 was carrying 66 people on a journey from Paris in France to Cairo in Egypt when the radars that keep track of aircrafts as they travel lost touch with it.
Boats have found some wreckage in the Mediterranean sea where the plane went missing.
No one yet knows exactly what happened but security experts say it might have been caused by terrorism.


League Two side Barnet have signed goalkeeper Craig Ross on a one-year contract following his departure from National League club Macclesfield Town.

The 27-year-old former Reading and Crystal Palace trainee rejected a contract offer from the Silkmen.
Barnet head coach Rossi Eames told the club website: "Craig is an excellent professional who played over 30 games last season.
"He is hungry, has a winning mentality and the willingness to develop."
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There are no new injury concerns for fourth-bottom Hull ahead of Saturday's match against relegated Sunderland.

Dieumerci Mbokani could return after two games out with a hamstring problem, while Omar Elabdellaoui has overcome a back injury but is short of fitness.
Midfielder Sebastian Larsson is available for Sunderland after completing a three-match suspension.
Billy Jones, Jason Denayer, Jack Rodwell, Darron Gibson and Lee Cattermole are all fitness doubts.
Guy Mowbray: "Hull this week, Swansea next. Sunderland might be down already but they could play a big part in who goes with them.
"After the furore surrounding Championship play-off hopefuls Huddersfield's team selection last week, David Moyes' plans for the remaining games will be interesting.
"Wouldn't Sunderland's best interests be served by a line-up of those players most likely to still be at the club next season? Moyes says he will be.
"Hull must simply do what they've done in six of the seven Premier League home games under Marco Silva. They must win. They MUST win - before watching Swansea versus Everton, cheering the Toffees.
"If they get the points to keep them in the top flight, keeping Silva would then be the challenge."
Twitter:@Guymowbray
Hull City head coach Marco Silva on reports linking him with other Premier League clubs: "For me nothing has changed. It is normal that it (speculation) will start now but we will never lose our focus and we have one goal in mind.
"I see my future today and tomorrow to prepare the team and I am focused on playing well and winning next Saturday. This is what is important - not what happens in two months.
"I prepare one day then the next day and the next game, and this is my way."
Sunderland manager David Moyes on his future: "I've got a four-year contract and I'll be Sunderland manager next season.
"I know what needs to be done to get back in the Premier League and I know what the requirements are to do that.
"I met with Martin (Bain) and Ellis (Short) this week and we had initial discussions about how we move forward. We will meet again in a few weeks."
Hull know their strong home form is crucial to them staying up and they know they cannot afford to drop any points at the KCOM Stadium.
Prediction: 2-0
Lawro's full predictions v indie rock band Kasabian
Head-to-head
Hull City
Sunderland
SAM (Sports Analytics Machine) is a super-computer created by @ProfIanMcHale at the University of Salford that is used to predict the outcome of football matches


Serbia have appointed Dutchman Dick Advocaat as their new coach for the Euro 2016 qualification campaign.

Advocaat, who takes over from Sinisa Mihajlovic, has signed a two-year contact, which could be extended if Serbia reach the tournament in France.
The former Netherlands and South Korea coach, 66, takes over a team that failed to reach the 2014 World Cup.
"We have only one target, and that is to qualify," Advocaat said. "That is the only option we have."
Mihajlovic left his post as Serbia boss in November 2013 to take over at Sampdoria, leaving Ljubinko Drulovic in caretaker charge.
Advocaat guided Netherlands to the 1994 World Cup and Euro 2004, South Korea to the 2006 World Cup, Russia to Euro 2012 and has also coached the United Arab Emirates and Belgium.
He was in the running to become South Africa boss earlier this month.
On the task ahead at Serbia, Advocaat said: "I have seen around 10 games, especially the last games, but I saw already what I need to know about the team.
"They have very talented players, but are still not qualifying for the tournament and that is what we have to try to change."
The former PSV Eindhoven, Rangers and Zenit St Petersburg manager has won domestic league titles in Netherlands, Scotland and Russia.


Writer Bonnie Greer has resigned as president of the Bronte Society after an internal feud over how to preserve the legacy of the Bronte sisters.

The Bronte Society runs a museum in the former home of Charlotte, Emily and Anne Bronte in Haworth, West Yorkshire.
Greer's departure follows months of turmoil over the society's direction.
She stepped down at the annual general meeting on Saturday and the two leaders of a campaign to overhaul the society's leadership were elected to its council.
Around 1,500 Bronte enthusiasts are members of the society. Last autumn, more than 50 forced an extraordinary general meeting, claiming the organisation had "lost its way" and needed to "modernise".
The society's council chairman Christine Went then quit after less than a month in the job and hit out at "agitators" among the membership.
Greer said she took a high-heeled shoe to Saturday's meeting as a light-hearted prop to use to keep order.
"I brought my shoe because it's been, for some of us, so grim, that I thought, I'm going to make this funny," she told BBC Radio 4's The World At One.
"So I brought out the shoe, made for me by Jimmy Choo himself, and said, 'I'm going to bang this if it gets out of control'."
Six members of the society's 12-strong council also stood down at the AGM.
Greer later tweeted: "Lot of Council gone because for many last year has not been fun. Thus my Jimmy Choos. Levity desperately needed."
The six new council members include John Thirlwell and Janice Lee, who were reported last year to have written to some members calling for fresh leadership.
The meeting was also given a report by external consultants Dr Rowie Shaw and Sue Charteris, who conducted a review into how the society is run.
In a statement, they said their review followed "a period of vigorous debate within the society".
"Students of organisational dynamics will know that it is not unusual for any organisation to experience periods of storming which can lead to positive change," they said.
"During the period of our research and at the AGM we were met with kindness and openness by all parties and there is ample evidence of goodwill among the trustees and the modernisers to take the society forward positively.
"All parties are passionate about the society and the Brontes. This work of moving on had begun well before the publication of our report."
But John Huxley, who chairs the local parish council, told Radio 4 he was "very sad to see a respected organisation that has been apparently imploding for the last two or three years".
He continued: "The general feeling around the community is that they have become very isolated at the top of Church Street at the museum, and although several attempts have been made... to engage more with us, that hasn't yet happened."
A spokeswoman for the society thanked Greer for her work.
She added: "We are building on our established links with Haworth businesses and the local community to ensure the Bronte Parsonage Museum continues to play its part in contributing to the visitor economy, encouraging visits by new, younger, more diverse audiences as well as by returning loyal Bronte enthusiasts."
The society is now planning for the forthcoming 200th anniversaries of the births of sisters Charlotte, who wrote Jane Eyre; Emily, who wrote Wuthering Heights; and Anne, who penned The Tenant of Wildfell Hall.


A footballer has been praised for a "great gesture" after pledging to buy new shirts for fans who had his old squad number printed on their new kits.

Ipswich Town's Tyrone Mings made the promise to two people on Twitter after his number changed from 15 to three.
The 21-year-old responded to one tweet by saying: "I'll get one made up and sent to you mate."
In March 2013, Mings gave away two match tickets after a fan commented about being "skint".
Ipswich Town's new squad numbers for the 2014-15 season were announced by the Championship club on Monday.
Tom Pullen, 18, from Mersea Island, Essex, had recently bought the club's new shirt and had "Mings" and "15" printed on the back.
After one of his friends commented about Mings' change of number on Twitter, the footballer replied: "I'll buy him a new one."
Mr Pullen said: "Tyrone made a great gesture. It's a great feeling, it just shows what a great community club Ipswich Town is.
"It's brilliant to see the interaction between the Town players and fans.
"I'd like to say thank you to Tyrone, and wish every success to him and the team this season."
Another fan told he would be receiving a new shirt was Glenn Parker, 26, an Ipswich Town season ticket holder for 19 years.
Mr Parker, from Mendlesham Green, Suffolk, tweeted a photograph of his shirt.
He said: "It was my decision to put 'Mings 15' on my shirt before waiting for the club to announce squad numbers so it was very generous of him to offer to replace my shirt if he did change his number."


Scotland's Paul Lawrie leads by one shot after carding a six-under-par 66 in round two of the Qatar Masters.

Lawrie, who won the tournament in 2012, went one stroke better than his opening round to move to 11 under overall.
Belgian Nicolas Colsaerts is 10 under, with England's Andrew Johnston in a tie for third one shot further behind.
England's Tommy Fleetwood is eight under while Scots David Drysdale and Stephen Gallacher (even par) were among those to miss the cut.
Defending champion Branden Grace is in a clutch of players on seven under, with fellow South African and first-round leader Louis Oosthuizen six under.


Taiwan's first female presidential candidate, Tsai Ing-wen, wants to create a new political culture if she wins the upcoming elections.

In some ways the opposition leader, who is in a neck-and-neck race with incumbent Ma Ying-jeou, has already done so.
The 55-year-old former law professor has been credited with cleaning up the image of her Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) in recent years.
Campaigning in the southern city of Tainan, she pledged to engage Mr Ma's Kuomintang (KMT) and other opponents in policy making, if elected.
Cruising down the streets in a jeep, she was greeted by supporters chanting her nickname, ''Little Ing''.
She has strong support in the island's south, including the cities of Kaohsiung and Chaiyi.
''We will meet the people's expectations for political tolerance, understanding and cooperation,'' she said.
Her pragmatic approach and analytical style is a marked departure from the often fiery rhetoric of her predecessor, Chen Shui-bian.
Ms Tsai joined the DPP in 2004 but rose quickly to become its chairwoman four years later, when the party suffered a heavy defeat in the presidential elections.
Mr Chen lost to Mr Ma at the polls, and was later jailed for corruption.
Despite splits and factionalism in the party, Ms Tsai was able to rally the support she needed to rejuvenate the DPP. Under her leadership, it has performed much better in local elections.
On policy matters, Ms Tsai has criticised the pro-China stance of Mr Ma, opposing the landmark free trade agreement signed between Beijing and Taipei under his rule.
Her party favours Taiwan's formal independence from China, which claims Taiwan as a province.
During his term as president, Mr Chen angered China with his declarations that Taiwan was ''an independent nation''.
Ms Tsai says she is not against negotiating with China on economic and other matters, as long as it does not affect Taiwan's sovereignty.
She has also often cast cross-straits relations as a bigger, global discussion, rather than one of bilateral relations.
This represents a more moderate position than the party's previous stance on the hot-button issue.
However, the Chinese remain suspicious of her and the DPP, and favour Mr Ma.
A law graduate of the National Taiwan University, she said recently that she believed relations with China would ''move forward, not backward'' if she were to be elected.
Ms Tsai, who is single, completed her master's degree at Cornell University Law School in 1980 and went on to earn a doctorate degree from the London School of Economics and Political Science in 1984.
Her style and bearing sets her apart from the rest of the DPP ''old guard'', something that has worked to her advantage in attracting younger voters.
Born in a coastal village in the south of Taiwan, she moved to Taipei when she was 11. Her mixed ethnicity - Hakka father and Taiwanese mother - has been cited as one of the traits that helped her connect to supporters.
She also has a grandmother who is from one of the non-Chinese indigenous groups in Taiwan.
In the 1990s, she was a negotiator for Taiwan's accession to the World Trade Organization. She was then asked to serve on the National Security Council as an advisor to former President Lee Teng-hui.
During the DPP administration from 2000 to 2008, she served as minister of the China policy body, the Mainland Affairs Council, and vice premier.
China, she said in an interview with the BBC in June 2011, needs to acknowledge ''the new leadership'' in ''a more sophisticated DPP''.
''Whatever is in the past, is in the past,'' she said. ''I think China will have to look at the matter from a fresh perspective and a new perspective.''


Money raised from the Ice Bucket Challenge that went viral last year has significantly boosted research into ALS, scientists at Johns Hopkins say.

They say it has helped them to understand more about a dysfunctional protein - TDP-43 - a mystery scientists have been studying for decades.
ALS is a rare condition affecting the nervous system.
Social media was awash with videos of people pouring cold water over their heads to raise money for ALS last year.
More than 17 million people uploaded videos to Facebook, including many celebrities who rose to the challenge, which were then watched by 440 million people worldwide.
A new study published by Johns Hopkins researchers in Science journal last week credits the Ice Bucket Challenge with helping them to unravel the mystery behind a protein called TDP-43, which in more than 90% of ALS cases is dysfunctional.
"For the past decade we've been trying to figure out exactly what it is doing, and now I think we have finally figured it out," Jonathan Ling, of Johns Hopkins Medicine, said in a YouTube video explaining the university's latest breakthrough.
"The best part is it can be fixed, so with any luck this could lead to the possibility of a cure or at least a slowing down of this terrible disease," he continues.
"The money came at a critical time when we needed it," professor Philip Wong added.
However, they warned that the work was ongoing and many current ALS sufferers would not necessarily see the benefits of the research.
In the US, the ALS Association - which represents people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) and all motor neurone disorders - received $115m in donations during the months of August and September, when the challenge was at its peak.
The American charity says the money helped triple the amount it spends on research every year.
Up to 15,000 people in the US are reported to be suffering from ALS.


The Business Secretary, Sajid Javid, rolled back the years yesterday when he seemed to allow the possibility of the part nationalisation of the UK steel industry by saying the government was prepared to "co-invest" with potential buyers of Tata's remaining business.

Not since the 1970s has the government owned a slice of a manufacturing industry and it runs contrary to every instinct of a Conservative government for the state to meddle in the free market. Shadow Business Secretary Angel Eagle in the Commons today referred to it as "ideological reluctance".
So how likely is it?
The government's line is that it remains "very unlikely" and Sajid Javid was not in the mood to elaborate during a Commons debate which was more political than business-focused. He said it wouldn't be prudent for the government to declare its hand before a buyer was found.
There are many ways the government can support a troubled company or industry.
It can guarantee loans which allow borrowing at lower rates, it can give tax reliefs as it has for the North Sea operators, or it can lend directly as in the case of Greybull Capital for investment in Scunthorpe.
This last option, say the Department for Business Innovation and Skills, is the government's preferred method of co-investing. (Worth noting, these loans have to be on commercial terms to avoid breaching EU state aid rules).
Taking an ownership stake in the business is a last resort, as it means pumping in money which has no repayment schedule.
But there it is - on the table.
Once that option is there, why would any buyer not want a chunk of money it may never have to pay back? The government may say it's unlikely, but given the scale of the problems facing Port Talbot wouldn't it become a pre-requisite?
Not necessarily. Having the government as a part-owner can be a headache for those running the business. With taxpayer money at stake, every decision is, quite rightly, scrutinised intensely.
Meetings with government officials can eat up time and energy better spent focused on running the business. The price you pay for government money is government bureaucracy.
At this point you may be screaming - but what about the banks?
The government nationalised Northern Rock and spent billions on massive stakes in Lloyds and RBS. That is perfectly true but, whether we like it or not, banks are different.
If Tata abandons Port Talbot, there will be thousands of redundancies but - elsewhere in the UK economy - life will go on. Wages will be paid, mortgages will be provided and cash points will work. In the case of the banks those fundamental economic functions were gravely threatened.
The banks could not have survived without government support, but that does not mean they have enjoyed having it as a shareholder.  If you asked Stephen Hester, the former chief executive of RBS, how he found being perceived as a sock puppet on the government's hand I suspect the answer would be not much.
Whether the government takes a stake or not is not the most important issue. Any stake would be a minority one, which means that other investors would have to be found. For that to happen, you need a credible business plan. At the moment Port Talbot has attracted the interest of Liberty House's Sanjeev Gupta whose plan has been formulated, in his own words, on the back of an envelope.
Port Talbot needs a lot more than that. Once there is a plan, we can figure out who owns what later.


AFC Wimbledon have signed goalkeeper George Long from Sheffield United on a season-long loan deal.

Long, 23, made 123 appearances for the Blades having come through the club's academy system, but has not played in a first team game since November.
He has previously had loan spells with Oxford United and Motherwell.
"He came through with a lot of expectations at Sheffield United, but last season did not go according to plan," Dons boss Neal Ardley said.
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Brazil has summoned the Canadian ambassador for explanations over the latest electronic spying accusations leaked by the former US intelligence contractor, Edward Snowden.

Canadian intelligence monitored communications of the mines and energy ministry, Brazilian TV Globo reported.
President Dilma Rousseff wrote on Twitter the US and its allies "must stop spying activities immediately."
Recent reports have suggested that she had also been a target of US spies.
Brazil's Foreign minister, Luiz Alberto Figueiredo, said he has told the Canadian ambassador in Brasilia, Jamal Khokhar, that he was "indignant."
"The government expresses its repudiation of this serious and unacceptable violation of the national sovereignty and of people's and company's rights," the minister's statement read.
On Sunday evening, a popular TV show, which had already broadcast spying allegations involving President Rousseff and the Brazilian oil company Petrobras, aired the the latest leaks revealed by the Rio de Janeiro-based American journalist Glenn Greenwald, a reporter for Britain's Guardian newspaper.
Canadian officials told their US, British, New Zealand and Australian counterparts â€“ the group reportedly known as Five Eyes â€“ that they had successfully monitored a communications network of the mines and energy ministry, the report said.
The network is said to be frequently used in exchanges between the ministry, energy and oil agencies and the state oil and energy companies.
Writing on Twitter shortly after Sunday's report was aired, President Dilma Rousseff demanded a change by the US authorities and noted that she had already criticised the spying at the United Nations General Assembly, in September.
She also instructed the ministry to step up the security measures surrounding its networks.
On Monday, Ms Rousseff used the social media network to say that the activities were "inadmissible among countries that aim to be partners."
"We repudiate the cyber warfare," she wrote.
Speaking at the opening of the UN General Assembly, Ms Rousseff said Brazil would adopt legislation and technology to protect itself from illegal intercepts.
She called Washington's argument that spying on Brazil helped protect against terrorism "untenable".
"Brazil, Mr President, knows how to protect itself," she said.
Earlier this month, she cancelled a planned visit to Washington.
Ms Rousseff asked the UN to play a leading role in regulating electronic technology and said Brazil would present proposals for a "civilian multilateral framework" for the governance and use of the internet and to protect web-based data.