Florida Memorial University will award a posthumous degree to Trayvon Martin, five years after the black teenager was shot dead by a neighbourhood watchman.

His parents will accept a degree in aeronautical science on his behalf on 13 May.
The university said it wants to honour the 17-year-old's ambition to become a pilot before he died in 2012.
His death prompted nationwide protests and a fierce debate about race relations in the US.
The unarmed black teenager was walking home from a shop in Sanford, Florida, when he got into an altercation with George Zimmerman, a neighbourhood watch volunteer.
Mr Zimmerman, the son of a white father and Hispanic mother, argued he acted in self-defence and with justifiable use of deadly force.
A jury acquitted Mr Zimmerman of second-degree murder in 2013.
Black Lives Matter: The Story of a Slogan
How will US museums remember Trayvon Martin?
Following the verdict, protests erupted in cities across the US including Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, Washington and Atlanta.
The case was instrumental in launching the national Black Live Matter social movement.
Sybrina Fulton and Tracy Martin, the teenager's parents will accept the degree in Miami Gardens, where Ms Fulton went to school.
Roslyn Clark, the university's president, said in a Facebook post the school was honouring Mr Martin for "his long dream and the steps he took during his young life toward becoming a pilot".
"Sybrina, our alum, epitomises strength and dignity as she uplifts other victims of violence while effecting change for a more equal and just society," she added.
Ms Fulton said she was "grateful" for her son's honorary degree.
"In 1997 I graduated from FMU with a Bachelors degree in English with a minor in Mass Communications. It's now 20 years later & now my son #TrayvonMartin will receive his Bachelors in Aviation, something he loved," she said in a Facebook post.


Ben Stokes has the character to recover from England's World Twenty20 final loss, says Test captain Alastair Cook.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Stokes was hit for four consecutive sixes in the last over by Carlos Brathwaite as the West Indies beat England in a dramatic final on Sunday.
"He is an outstanding talent and an outstanding cricketer," said Cook.
"He is the type of character who will deal with it, and he will still be the Ben Stokes who can score 250 in a Test match," added the 31-year-old opener.
"It was outstanding hitting. 'Stokesy' would certainly have his first ball again but the second one wasn't too far off the mark and it went 94 metres back."
Cook admitted he was devastated by England's defeat, telling BBC Essex: "I don't normally get too emotional watching a game of cricket.
"It was a brilliant tournament for everyone, it's just a shame that last over didn't quite go to plan."
Cook's county, Essex, begin a new era under newly-appointed coach Chris Silverwood on Sunday against Gloucestershire.
The left-hander, England's leading run-scorer in Test cricket, is available to play in the Division Two opener at Chelmsford.
"In any elite sport you do need freshening up at certain times," Cook said. "I think it was fairly obvious after seven or eight years it was time for a change.
"We've been the nearly men for the last four or five years. We've been close to promotion a number of times.
"Everyone is excited about the beginning of the season. Every county will be thinking they've got the chance to have a good year."


Milton Keynes Council remains in no overall control after a tie in which Labour finished with the same number of seats as the Conservatives.

The party lost one seat to the Conservatives, leaving both with 22 and the Liberal Democrats with 13.
In other councils where a third of seats were being contested, Labour have held Stevenage and the Conservatives held St Albans and Broxbourne.
Counts have also been held in Watford, North Herts and Three Rivers.
Results and analysis for Beds, Herts and Bucks.
The Liberal Democrats won Watford Borough Council, which was previously in no overall control.  The party took five seats from the Conservatives and two from Labour, meaning the Tories no longer have any councillors in the Borough.
Conservatives remain in control in North Herts Council, where Labour and the Liberal Democrats each gained a seat. The new make-up of the council is 34 Conservatives, 12 Labour and three Liberal Democrat councillors.
No one party has overall control of Three Rivers Council but the Liberal Democrats have the most councillors. The make-up of the council there is 19 Liberal Democrats, 17 Conservative councillors and three Labour councillors.


The mother of a girl of six allegedly murdered by her father has been accused of allowing devotion to him to override concern for her daughter.

Jennie Gray's partner Ben Butler denies murdering Ellie at the family home in Sutton, south-west London, in 2013.
Ms Gray told the Old Bailey she had visited Mr Butler in prison 190 times since he was charged with murder.
She denies child cruelty but has admitted perverting the course of justice.
Ms Gray was charged with child cruelty after allegedly failing to get treatment for a broken shoulder suffered by Ellie.
But she has admitted perverting the course of justice in helping to cover up what had happened.
You never listen. Your mouth. The way you react and come across a lot like Ellie. You will end up hurt
Ms Gray was at work as a graphic designer in the City of London when Mr Butler, 36, allegedly murdered their daughter in October of 2013.
Ben FitzGerald, prosecuting, told the jury Mr Butler and Ms Gray's lies were "bound together".
Ellie's mother told jurors she was "absolutely committed" to the man she referred to in court as her husband.
"Ben is my family. I do love him. We have been through a miscarriage of justice together and I was always grateful to Ben because he got me my (baby) back and we have both lost a little girl," she said.
In relation to a series of abusive texts Mr Butler sent Ms Gray in 2013, the prosecutor said she had been "hiding the truth" about his violence for fear of destroying the chance of keeping Ellie and staying together.
Ms Gray said she had not forgiven him for sending her the messages full of expletives and doubted whether they could be in a relationship again.
She said: "He was not a nice boyfriend to me but he was a bloody good dad. He was happy to be a stay-at-home husband."
Ms Gray added: "Ben was not violent to me and he certainly was not violent to my daughter and I maintain that 100 per cent."
Mr FitzGerald continued: "You allowed your devotion to Mr Butler to overcome what should have been your proper concerns for your child."
Ms Gray said this was "not true".
She told jurors her partner was a "laddie man" who could be violent to other men when he was out, but not to her.
Asked if the girl's father had a temper, the graphic designer said: "I have a temper. You have a temper. We all have a temper."
The Old Bailey was told Ms Gray went to work with a bump on her head and put it down to an accident slipping on steps and said she was "clumsy".
Ellie's mother also said she was "out of order" when she wrote a list of 10 points about her daughter's bad behaviour, accusing her of lying, being "constantly manipulative" and untrustworthy.
The prosecutor then read out a series of text messages from 2013 where Mr Butler blamed Ellie for Ms Gray's "mental" behaviour and said "I hate you both".
In another, he wrote: "You never listen. Your mouth. The way you react and come across a lot like Ellie. You will end up hurt."
Ms Gray said this suggestion was not accurate.
The trial has heard Mr Butler was convicted of shaking Ellie in 2007 but cleared on appeal. Ellie was returned to the family 11 months before her death after the couple won their custody battle.
The trial continues.


A Liverpool fan who survived the Hillsborough disaster has described watching as a police officer tried to push his brother back into the crush.

Terence Mills was at the 1989 FA Cup semi-final with his brother George, who was trying to escape from pen four.
Stephen Ellis, Sheffield Wednesday's photographer, said police stopped fans climbing over the front of the pens.
Both men have been giving evidence at the new inquests into the disaster, held in Warrington.
Once officers realised fans were being injured they moved from "containment to rescue", Mr Ellis said.
Ninety-six Liverpool fans died after the terrace crush on 15 April 1989.
Mr Mills, who was 28 at the time, went to the match with his brother and a friend, Peter, who did not have a ticket.
Mr Mills said he and his brother became separated from Peter and went through a "chocker" tunnel that led them into pen four, on the Leppings Lane terraces.
He said: "As soon as we got in, I was facing the wrong way and I couldn't turn round.
"I knew straight away there was too many people in there.
"You knew it was wrong because you were struggling to breathe, you couldn't move your arms," he said.
Mr Mills said he and his brother had hold of each other's arms so they wouldn't be separated.
He told the jury George said to him he "had to get out" before he climbed over other fans' heads to get to a gate that was open.
He said the officer, who was standing "right in front of the gate", pushed his brother's shoulders to try to get him back into the pen.
But he said his brother had "both his arms wrapped around the policeman's legs and he wouldn't let go".
Chloe Fairley, a barrister who represents the Police Federation, asked if the officer at the gate "eventually" started helping George.
Mr Mills replied: "He couldn't push him back because my brother wouldn't let go.
"Eventually, I think then he's seen something going on."
Mr Mills escaped through a hole in the fence ripped open by fans and police.
He said "maybe 50" officers who tried to help fans were "fantastic" but "a lot of policemen [were] just walking around the pitch doing absolutely nothing".
BBC News: Profiles of all those who died
Stephen Ellis told the jury he set up in front of the Leppings Lane terraces to take photographs of the match.
He said his attention was first drawn to the terraces around kick-off when he heard two girls, who were "packed right up against the fence", screaming.
He also noticed fans being stopped by police from escaping the pens.
He said: "They were trying to get over the top of the fence but the police officer, who was known as PC Illingworth, was trying to push them back or stop them from coming over the fencing."
Alison Monroe, a barrister representing the bereaved families, asked if he was "certain" fans were "being physically pushed back".
Mr Ellis replied: "Well, they were being stopped from coming over the fence, yes."
The court heard he first thought fans were invading the pitch and that he didn't realise how serious the issue was until the match was stopped.
Responding to the disaster, the police officers in front of the pens moved from "containment to rescue", he added.
He later saw PC Illingworth standing on a wall pulling fans over the top of the fence.
The jury also heard from Michael Bradley, a Liverpool fan who was at the match who gave first aid to five injured fans.
Mark George QC, who represents 22 families who lost loved ones, thanked Mr Bradley on behalf of the families.
The inquests continue.


The Chinese are coming and they're hungry for games companies.

They need new content to feed their 560 million avid gamers, who contribute to the biggest gaming market in the world - worth an estimated $24.4bn (Â£19.8bn) in 2016, according to Newzoo.
And this market is growing at around 15% a year.
Chinese firms have already spent more than $111bn on foreign acquisitions this year, according to Dealogic, with some of the biggest deals involving gaming companies.
Internet giant Tencent - which owns the WeChat and QQ Games platforms - bought Finnish Clash of Clans mobile games maker Supercell for $8.6bn earlier this year.
Tencent already owns League of Legends maker Riot Games, and has minority stakes in Epic Games and Activision Blizzard, the World of Warcraft maker. Activision itself bought Candy Crush Saga maker King Digital Entertainment for nearly $6bn last year.
Chinese online games publisher Youzu Interactive snapped up German free-to-play games maker Bigpoint for â‚¬80m (Â£71.5m; $88.7m) early in 2016.
And this summer, Zhongji Holding bought venerable UK games maker Jagex, famous for its 15-year-old RuneScape fantasy role-playing game, for about $400m.
Analysts believe there are several more acquisitions to come.
Lisa Pan, director of Shanghai Zhongji Enterprise Group, Zhongji Holding's parent company, tells the BBC: "Chinese investors are attracted to the creative sector in the UK. We're also looking at Europe and the US for good gaming assets.
"The games sector is a fast-growing industry and we're interested in building a portfolio of gaming companies."
The firm expects to make further acquisitions this year, she says.
One reason why successful Western games companies are attractive to Chinese investors is that they generate cash but are relatively cheap compared to the valuations of domestic companies listed on China's stock market, says Affan Butt, partner at Code Advisors, a technology and media investment banking specialist.
But what's in it for the games companies - apart from a big payday?
Rob Moffat, partner at investment firm Balderton Capital, says medium-sized developers realise that to access the fast-growing Asian market they need to form strategic partnerships with Chinese firms.
"If you're a developer dependent on just a few games, you're vulnerable, so you need to scale up to about 10 games a year in the hope that one of them is a big hit. That means getting bought essentially," he says.
Developing a new game from scratch can cost anything from $5m to $100m, says Jagex chief executive Rod Cousens - a games industry veteran who previously ran Codemasters, maker of the popular F1 motorsport game.
"This is why all eyes are turning East right now - it's the biggest market in the world - and Chinese companies are looking beyond their borders."
Amongst mobile gamers, average revenue per user is now higher in China than in the US, UK, and South Korea, according to a recent report by AppAnnie, proving that this really is a market that cannot be ignored.
But what are the technical challenges facing a British games company like Jagex - primarily known for a visually rich desktop-based game - as it tries to expand into China where the emphasis is increasingly on mobile gaming?
"Although the processing power of the smartphone is increasing every year, we still need to redesign the game and repurpose the existing assets for mobile," says Mr Cousens. "The experience can't be exactly the same on a smartphone as on a PC."
The firm is developing a number of short-form games for mobile, one of which is called Idle Adventures and is due out later this year.
These games are designed to be "a short-term fix of your RuneScape experience", he says.
This move to mobile is giving Jagex, which has about 600,000 monthly paying subscribers, an opportunity to "reconnect and re-engage" with the original RuneScape players, says Mr Cousens, many of whom are probably in their thirties, married with kids, and now lapsed gamers.
"It's like you wake them up again. Then they introduce the game to their children," he says. "Mobile is also giving us access to new demographics."
But the technical challenge faced by Jagex and other predominantly PC-based game companies looking to repurpose their offerings for mobile is "not trivial at all", says Mr Butt.
"There aren't many success stories," he warns.
This is probably why Jagex and its Chinese owner are on the hunt for developer talent in the mobile games area - there are skills gaps to plug.
That said, mobile isn't the only game in town - the Chinese PC games market is still huge, just not growing as fast as mobile, says Mr Butt.
Traditionally, the Asian gaming markets of Japan, Korea and China were quite distinct from each other separated by language and cultural differences, says Balderton Capital's Rob Moffat.
"But now there's a lot more cross-pollination going on," he says.
For example, two years ago Tencent licensed a $1bn-a-year revenue game called CrossFire, developed by Korean firm Smilegate, in a bid to provide more content for its Chinese mobile gamers.
And now the Chinese are clearly foraging further afield in their quest for new talent and content.
But Nicholas Lovell, director at Gamesbrief, a video games consultancy, believes the burgeoning power of Chinese companies and the explosion in the popularity of gaming in a country of 1.36 billion people, poses a potential threat to Western dominance of creative gaming content.
"Now that the demand for content is coming from China as well, we're seeing growth in their own creative intellectual property," he says.
"Are we going to be left behind?"
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Police searching for a missing 15-year-old girl in Perthshire have recovered a body from the River Tay.

Kathleen Harkin was last seen at 21:30 on Saturday when she was near Woody Island at North Muirton in Perth.
Earlier the police said her phone had been found in the area by a member of the public.
Her family have been informed of the discovery and inquiries are ongoing to establish the identity of the body found in the water.
The body was recovered near St Madoes, Glencarse, Perthshire.
Firefighters, mountain rescue teams, police and search and rescue dogs and the police helicopter have all been involved in the search for the teenager.


Google has launched an interactive virtual tour of Dublin to commemorate 100 years since the Easter Rising.

Narrated by actor Colin Farrell, Dublin Rising 1916-2016 allows users to explore the city and view a number of audio and video pieces.
The project was created in collaboration with Ireland 2016, with input from archivists and historians.
The National Library of Ireland, the Military Archives and the Abbey Theatre contributed materials to the project.
The interactive historical feature was launched in Dublin on Tuesday.
Irish Prime Minister Enda Kenny said the project enables people to understand the significance of 1916.
"(It) is an important year that allows us to explore and understand the events not only of 1916, but the subsequent events that led to the establishment of our independent state," Mr Kenny said.
"In acknowledging our past, we are creating stronger foundations for a more vibrant and shared future."
The National Library's Katherine McSharry said they have received positive feedback for Dublin Rising.
"I think because it encompasses something that's visually interesting and very attractive to look," Ms McSharry said.
"It encompasses the content from partner organisations, which has that real sense of authenticity and it brings it all together with Colin Farrell's terrific voice."
Colin Farrell said the project allowed him to revisit his home city virtually.
"Growing up in Dublin, the events of 1916 are a key part of our schooling and culture," he said.
"I'm glad now that anyone around the world can learn more about it and see why it had such an impact on modern day Ireland just by picking up their phone or computer."
Irish Minister for Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht Heather Humphreys said the interactive virtual tour allowed a more diverse audience to learn about 1916.
"Making material from our cultural institutions available via Google's cultural institute will open up our history to a huge global audience," Ms Humphreys said.


Fireworks and firecrackers are commonly used at temple festivals in the southern Indian state of Kerala, and the Puttingal temple is no exception.

Every year temples in the state organise fireworks displays, often competing to stage the most spectacular ones.
"The devotees burst firecrackers to appease the female deity," local MP NK Premachandran told the BBC.
Now the Puttingal temple has earned worldwide infamy for Sunday's explosion and fire that killed more than 100 people.
This is not the first incident of its kind in Kerala: the famous Sabarimala temple banned fireworks in 1952 after 68 people died in a firecracker explosion.
The Puttingal temple is one of the oldest in the state, built on the site of what devotees say was an ant hill where a goddess appeared many centuries ago.
On Sunday, two groups of devotees, defying a ban by authorities and opposition from nearby residents, set off fireworks intended to dazzle the thousands of other devotees who had participated in the temple festival.
Local police say they were misled by the temple authorities, who claimed to have received oral permission from the district authorities.
"Temples have become places of carnivals. There is no religious sanction for any of these actions like fireworks displays or competitions,'' activist and author Rahul Easwar says.
"There are about 8,000 to 9,000 temples in Kerala out of which 2,500 are controlled by the government. Everyone likes a celebration."
"So you have to do something to attract devotees. Fireworks are one way. Some temples even have cinema dances in the name of cultural programmes."
"This is a serious issue. There is no teaching of any religious text or even yoga at the temples. There has to be some welfare activity otherwise you will get only floating devotees."
But Prayar Gopalakrishnan, a senior temple official, does not agree that there is no religious sanction for fireworks festivities.
"We are not interested in banning the custom. We cannot allow any fireworks competitions but the custom [of firework displays] as per Hindu tradition will go on."


An official says Mali is to send the French president a replacement camel after the first, given to him as a gift, was eaten, Reuters reports.

Francois Hollande had left the creature with a family in Timbuktu for safekeeping, after it was presented to him by local residents in February.
But it was promptly slaughtered and used in a tagine.
France sent troops to Mali in January to regain the north from a loose coalition of militant Islamist groups.
During the young camel's handover ceremony, Mr Hollande had joked about using "it as much as I can as a means of transport" around the Parisian traffic jams.
French officials had originally planned to transport the animal to a zoo in France, but because of the complex logistics it was decided instead to entrust the beast to a local family.
The French defence minister informed the president of the camel's death during a recent cabinet meeting, Valeurs Actuelles magazine reported.
"As soon as we heard of this, we quickly replaced it with a bigger and better-looking camel," Reuters quoted an unnamed Malian official as saying.
"The new camel will be sent to Paris. We are ashamed of what happened to the camel. It was a present that did not deserve this fate."
France currently has 4,000 troops in Mali, backed by thousands of Malian, Chadian and other African forces.
France's defence ministry said this week it had started the withdrawal of its forces from Mali.


Genocide is an emotive and powerful accusation to make against anyone but it is exactly what some indigenous leaders in Brazil say is happening to their people because of their government's ignorance, if not its compliance.

For the past week hundreds of members of the Guarani-Kaiowa tribe have been mourning the death of a 24-year-old man, Semiao Vilhalva. He was killed - shot in the face - during an invasion, or re-occupation, of three farms in the western state of Mato Grosso do Sul.
I looked on as elderly members of the tribe chanted tributes in their native tongue and led mourners across fields they say have belonged to their people for centuries - long before their present white so-called owners arrived, cut down the trees and populated the area with cattle.
Semiao was buried on this land, now occupied by the Guarani but also claimed as legally theirs by several influential and powerful farming families here in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul.
Guarani men showed me the very spot, on the bank of a small river, where Semiao was shot and died. The gunman, say my guides, was a hired "pistoleiro" brought in by the farmers to intimidate and scare off the Guarani.
But, if anything, the murder of their young leader has made these indigenous people even more resolute to remain.
"This is a deliberate policy of genocide. It's a long legal process designed to kill our people, slowly but surely," says Guarani elder Tunico Benites.
He goes on: "Our rights are being violated and we don't have even the basic conditions to survive. So we have no choice but to occupy, to retake our lands - otherwise we can't survive as a people."
One of those farmers whose land is claimed by the Guarani, under a legal ruling dating back to 2005, is Roseli Ruiz. She is also the chairwoman of the local farmers' syndicate, or union, and is completely mistrustful of the way the dispute has been reported in the international media.
In her office in the rural town of Antonio Joao, Roseli Ruiz dismisses any suggestion that farmers had a hand in the death of Semiao.
Arguing that that there was no obvious gunshot wound on his body (in contrast to a video I was shown which suggested otherwise) the combative Ms Ruiz offered an explanation that the Indians themselves brought someone who had died earlier, and presented it as a murder, just to discredit the farmers and advance their claims to the land.
Roseli Ruiz paints a picture of a hitherto mutually beneficial relationship between indigenous and farmer.
"I was known as Roseli of the Indians," she cries. "I took them to hospital if they were ill and even built them a school."
It was a relationship that, according to Roseli, only started to deteriorate when the Guarani began to pursue claims to the land - claims which she insists are baseless.
Ranchers have long been part of Brazil's drive for development - deep into the interior of the country and into conflict with indigenous people.
While some farmers have taken their cattle and moved on from the disputed land, others are refusing to move.
Gino Ferreira, like many farmers, has legal titles to his fazenda - or farm. He blames the government for doing nothing while an inevitable conflict loomed.
"This is my family's land," says Gino. "If the Indians arrive and take it over what do you think I'm going to do? Lose all I've worked for?"
He too, dismisses any allegations that farmers had a hand in the death of the Guarani leader, Semiao.
"We're not bandits and we don't hire gunmen," says the 50-year-old farmer.
He goes on, "There are political reasons why they to try and make us look bad but none of it is true."
But the Guarani's reputation for dogged determination and their struggle has attracted attention beyond this rugged border region between Brazil and Paraguay.
Survival International, one of several pressure groups to criticise the hitherto unexplained death of the tribe's leader said, "What is particularly harrowing about this murder is that the Guarani knew their reoccupation was likely to end in bloodshed."
The mood among the Guarani is militant. As other Brazilians this week celebrated their independence day, the land's original inhabitants mourned what they had lost.
For now the Brazilian army is doing a good job of keeping the two sides apart - preventing new land invasions and more retribution.
Occupying these 10,000 hectares the Guarani may have succeeded in recovering some of what was historically theirs.
But it has come at a high price and their lives are still burdened by poverty and discrimination.


The Irish government has appointed a former high court judge to review allegations the Garda Commissioner was aware of a smear campaign against a whistleblower in the force.

The claim concerns Noírín O'Sullivan's time as deputy commissioner.
Ms O'Sullivan said she was "not privy to" - nor had she approved - any action to target any officer.
Mr Justice Iarlaith O'Neill has six weeks to report back and recommend whether a further enquiry is needed.
Announcing the judge's appointment, the justice minister said police had to be held to the very highest standards.
"This involves ensuring that allegations of wrongdoing are dealt with properly and the persons making those allegations are fully protected and respected," said Frances Fitzgerald.
"On conclusion of the review I will consider what further steps may be necessary. "
The whistleblower, Sgt Maurice McCabe, alleged that certain people had their driving penalty points wiped.
He was one of two Garda (police) sergeants who made such allegations.
Two years ago, the former Garda commissioner, Martin Callinan, resigned as head of the force following a controversy over how the two sergeants who made the allegations were treated.
Since then a senior officer, using legislation that protects whistleblowers, claimed he was authorised to brief against one of the sergeants, Mr McCabe, and that Ms O'Sullivan was aware of this.
This week the Dail (Irish parliament) heard that unless she steps aside from her post for the duration of an enquiry, the fresh whistleblower may not co-operate with the investigation.
The justice minister said earlier that because "no findings of wrongdoing of any kind have been made against the Garda commissioner", she believed Ms O'Sullivan was "entitled to our confidence".


Aberdeen began their Scottish Premiership campaign with a deserved victory over Hamilton Academical.

Anthony O'Connor cleverly headed home Greg Tansey's free-kick to open the scoring after 26 minutes at Pittodrie.
Accies' Xavier Tomas was shown a second yellow card after the interval for a cynical block on Ryan Christie.
And the dominant, but profligate Dons killed the game in the final minute of normal time when Miles Storey curled the ball across Gary Woods.
Manager Derek McInnes made four changes to the Aberdeen side that started the Europa League third round qualifying defeat by Apollon Limassol on Thursday with Kari Arnason, Tansey, Nicky Maynard and Scott Wright drafted in.
It was an attempt to freshen the team up after the physical and emotional demands of that disappointing loss, but also a chance to judge the strength of the squad for the season ahead.
The performance of Wright in particular must have been a source of satisfaction for the Dons boss, who has backed the winger to exert a big influence during the domestic campaign.
The teenager linked up well with the equally impressive Christie, while his pace and directness was a constant threat to the Hamilton back three, particularly Georgios Sarris, who was booked after sending Wright sprawling with a wild challenge.
In fact all three Accies centre-backs were cautioned during a fiercely-contested match and it seemed inevitable that one of them would also see red.
Tomas only had himself to blame for two fouls on Christie in the space of just 10 second-half minutes.
That was the last thing Accies manager Martin Canning needed when his side were trailing by a single goal, and showing encouraging glimpses in attack.
Canning will have been disappointed too at the manner of Hamilton's first concession, his team failing to defend a Tansey free-kick from the left, allowing O'Connor to flick the ball into the far corner.
Wright, Christie and Kenny McLean all went close to increasing that lead before the break, while it took two decent saves from Joe Lewis to deny Dougie Imrie a goal either side of the interval.
At the other end, Dons defender Shay Logan saw a volley saved, the impressive Wright had a shot blocked only for Graeme Shinnie to steer the rebound wide and substitute Massimo Donati denied Maynard after he had rounded the keeper.
There was nothing Accies could do to prevent substitute Storey scoring the second in the last minute, even though they claimed in vain for a foul on David Templeton in the build-up.
Storey struggled last season after moving from Inverness, but he bent in a sublime goal to seal the win - only his second strike for the club.
Match ends, Aberdeen 2, Hamilton Academical 0.
Second Half ends, Aberdeen 2, Hamilton Academical 0.
Attempt blocked. Louis Longridge (Hamilton Academical) left footed shot from the left side of the box is blocked.
Goal!  Aberdeen 2, Hamilton Academical 0. Miles Storey (Aberdeen) right footed shot from the left side of the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Graeme Shinnie.
Substitution, Aberdeen. Miles Storey replaces Nicky Maynard.
Foul by Ali Crawford (Hamilton Academical).
Kenny McLean (Aberdeen) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Louis Longridge (Hamilton Academical).
Mark Reynolds (Aberdeen) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt missed. Greg Tansey (Aberdeen) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the right.
Substitution, Aberdeen. Greg Stewart replaces Ryan Christie.
Louis Longridge (Hamilton Academical) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Shaleum Logan (Aberdeen).
Attempt saved. Darian MacKinnon (Hamilton Academical) right footed shot from very close range is saved in the top centre of the goal.
Darian MacKinnon (Hamilton Academical) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Graeme Shinnie (Aberdeen).
Attempt blocked. Shaleum Logan (Aberdeen) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Foul by Dougie Imrie (Hamilton Academical).
Shaleum Logan (Aberdeen) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Georgios Sarris (Hamilton Academical) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Graeme Shinnie (Aberdeen).
Substitution, Hamilton Academical. Louis Longridge replaces Rakish Bingham.
Attempt missed. Graeme Shinnie (Aberdeen) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the right.
Attempt blocked. Nicky Maynard (Aberdeen) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Attempt missed. Graeme Shinnie (Aberdeen) right footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the right.
Attempt saved. Scott Wright (Aberdeen) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom left corner.
Massimo Donati (Hamilton Academical) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Shaleum Logan (Aberdeen).
Substitution, Hamilton Academical. Massimo Donati replaces Giannis Skondras.
Corner,  Aberdeen. Conceded by Gary Woods.
Attempt saved. Shaleum Logan (Aberdeen) left footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner.
Giannis Skondras (Hamilton Academical) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Scott Wright (Aberdeen).
Foul by Ali Crawford (Hamilton Academical).
Greg Tansey (Aberdeen) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Second yellow card to Xavier Tomas (Hamilton Academical) for a bad foul.
Foul by Xavier Tomas (Hamilton Academical).
Ryan Christie (Aberdeen) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Greg Docherty (Hamilton Academical).
Greg Tansey (Aberdeen) wins a free kick in the defensive half.


France Women ran in nine tries to hammer Scotland Women 55-0 on Saturday.

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Number eight Safi N'Diaye was the chief architect of the Scots' downfall in La Rochelle, scoring the first try and creating three more.
Shannon Izar and Lenaig Corson followed her in crossing before half-time.
And the French cut loose after the break, with scrum-half Jade Le Pesc scoring twice, while Elodie Poublan, Elodie Guiglion, Caroline Ladagnous and Camille Cabalou also touched down.
Scotland's last Women's Six Nations victory came against France in 2010, but in the seven championship matches the teams have contested since, the Scots have mustered just three points, conceding 342.
They showed fleeting first-half glimpses of the greater structure and accuracy instilled by head coach Shade Munro, who took over last year, but failed to build any meaningful phase play in French territory.
Indeed, the visitors were utterly overwhelmed by the strength, dynamism and pace of the France carriers, with N'Diaye very much the fulcrum, and against a side of such physical prowess, missing so many tackles would inevitably prove catastrophic.
N'Diaye forced her way over in the corner to open the scoring, before a neat first-phase move led to Ladagnous taking out four Scottish defenders, brilliantly slipping the ball to full-back Jessy Tremouliere, who handed Izar an easy finish.
Corson blasted between two weak tackles on the Scottish 22 and cantered between Chloe Rollie and Megan Gaffney, neither of whom committed to tackling her, to score under the posts for France's third, Christelle Le Duff converting.
Scotland's faltering resistance was well and truly obliterated after the break, with virtually the entire second 40 minutes contested in away territory.
N'Diaye battered through a limp kick-chase and offloaded to Poublan, who slalomed through the cover to begin a procession of second-half scores, this one converted by Le Duff.
Guiglion sped in at the corner, before N'Diaye's ballast and a fantastic one-handed pass sent Le Pesc haring under the posts. That combination bore fruit again minutes later, when the hulking number eight released her scrum-half for another try. Both scores were converted by replacement Cabalou.
By now, this was little more than a training run for the French, with Ladagnous then Cabalou scoring the eighth and ninth tries, and the latter converting the last.
France: Jessy Tremouliere, Elodie Guiglion, Caroline Ladagnous, Elodie Poublan, Shannon Izar, Christelle Le Duff, Jade Le Pesq, Lise Arricastre, Gaelle Mignot, Julie Duval, Lenaig Corson, Audrey Forlani, Marjorie Mayans, Romane Menager, Safi N'Diaye.
Substitutes: Caroline Thomas, Annaelle Deshayes, Celine Ferer, Julie Annery, Yanna Rivoalen, Camille Cabalou, Marine Menager, Patricia Carricaburu.
Scotland: Chloe Rollie, Megan Gaffney, Lisa Thomson, Lisa Martin, Rhona Lloyd, Helen Nelson, Sarah Law; Tracey Balmer, Lana Skeldon, Lindsey Smith, Emma Wassell, Deborah McCormack, Karen Dunbar,  Louise McMillan, Jade Konkel.
Replacements: Lucy Park, Heather Lockhart, Katie Dougan, Sarah Bonar, Jemma Forsyth, Jenny Maxwell, Lauren Harris, Eilidh Sinclair.


A selection of your pictures of Scotland sent in between 24 and 31 March. Send your photos to scotlandpictures@bbc.co.uk or our Instagram at #bbcscotlandpics


A 10,000 volt 3D electric sprayer, which fires out a stream of heart cells, could be the latest tool in mending broken hearts.

It can create thin sheets of beating cells that researchers hope they can use to patch-up pieces of damaged heart.
The need is huge. Heart attacks may no longer be a death sentence, but as more people survive them it means more are living with a damaged heart.
When a bit of heart muscle dies it is replaced by tough scars, just as it does after you cut your leg. But scar tissue does not beat, so it can leave the heart struggling to pump blood. In some cases it can make even the simplest of tasks as exhausting as running a marathon.
It is for this reason that British Heart Foundation researchers are trying to develop the patches. The thin sheets of heart cells could be layered onto the heart to help it beat or maybe even sprayed directly onto scar tissue inside the heart.
In a windowless laboratory in the heart of London a mechanical engineer, Dr Suwan Jayasinghe, has assembled the pieces of the bio-electric sprayer.
First a syringe is filled with heart cells. In the future it is thought these cells could be taken from a patient's heart and grown or a patient's stem cells could be converted into heart cells.
These are then passed through a needle. However, unlike a graffiti artist's spray can, this is not enough to get the thin accurate spray of cells needed to build the heart tissue.
Instead 10,000 volts going through the needle create an electric field to control the cells.
"You get the formation of a fine jet which then breaks up into a myriad of droplets and those droplets are what form the sheet," said Dr Jayasinghe.
"The beautiful thing is that we can add various other cell types into this cell suspension and create three dimensional cardiac tissues that are fully functional."
Under a microscope it is then possible to see the cells beating in the patch. The next test is to see if the patches can actually help a damaged heart to beat, by testing them in animals.
Researcher Dr Anastasis Stephanou said: "Hopefully we can show that these engineered cardiac sheets improve the function of a damaged heart.
"What we're hoping in the long term is to use this technology to actually repair the damaged heart so the patients wont have to wait long-term for a donor heart.
"A heart is made up of different cell types, so we would be able to design the technology where we would be able to place the right number of cell types to develop the actual cardiac tissue.
"So we feel the technology we have is quite superior in terms of the other cardiac tissue engineering technologies that are available."
Professor Peter Weissberg, medical director at the British Heart Foundation which funds the research, said: "Creating heart muscle is a huge challenge and involves a mix of different cells and blood vessels that need to line-up perfectly with one another.
"This groundbreaking research is trying to find a way to build 'pieces of the heart' outside the body. We hope that one day these pieces can be grafted onto damaged hearts to help them pump more strongly again.
"This research could offer hope to the 750,000 people living with heart failure in the UK."
Filming by Neil Bowdler, including video courtesy of Dr Vassilis Georgiadis, University College London.


Dementia researchers have developed a video game that could lead to the development of early diagnostic tests for the disease.

The way players navigate the 3D levels in Sea Hero Quest will be anonymously tracked and sent to the researchers.
Understanding how people navigate 3D environments is important because the skill is often one of the first lost by people who have dementia.
Researchers say the game could generate an unprecedented amount of data.
"We have never seen anything undertaken in dementia research at this scale before," said Hilary Evans, chief executive at Alzheimer's Research UK, one of the organisations involved.
"The largest spatial navigation study to date comprised fewer than 600 volunteers.
"Providing the research community with access to an open-source data set of this nature, at this scale, in such a short period of time is exactly the kind of innovation required to unlock the next breakthrough in dementia research."
The free game was developed by the charity, researchers from University College London and the University of East Anglia, with the backing of communications giant Deutsche Telekom.
Players follow a sailor's quest to revisit some of his father's memories, and battle fantastical sea creatures.
The routes they take will generate global "heat maps" that will show researchers how people generally explore 3D environments.
The ultimate goal is to develop new diagnostic tests that can detect when somebody's spatial navigation skills are failing.
Researchers from UCL said the game generated useful data about 150 times faster than lab-based experiments.
"In my research team, I could only test about 200 people a year, and that's working hard," Dr Hugo Spiers, from UCL, told the BBC.
"But last night I tested 200 people in one minute with this game."
Players can opt to reveal their gender, age and location to the researchers, although they can choose to take part completely anonymously.
"This project provides an unprecedented chance to study how many thousands of people from different countries and cultures navigate space," said Dr Spiers.
"It's a massive online citizen science experiment that will give us an idea of what is 'normal' through this game.
"If we tile that information together, we can get a sense of how dementia changes over a lifetime, and other demographic factors."
Dr Spiers stressed the game was not itself a test for dementia.
"If you're worried about your memory or any changes to your health, speak to your GP," he said.
The researchers plan to share the first results of their data collection in November.


World number two Rory McIlroy says he "resents" the Olympics for forcing him to choose between Britain and Ireland.

The 27-year-old, born in Northern Ireland, opted to represent Ireland, before pulling out of Rio 2016 because of concerns about the Zika virus.
"It put me in a position where I had to question who I am, where am I from," McIlroy told Irish newspaper, the Sunday Independent.
"Whether that's right or wrong, it's how I feel."
When he declared his intention to play for Ireland, McIlroy described himself as "comfortable" with his decision, explaining that it was a logical choice having twice represented Ireland at the World Cup alongside fellow Northern Irishman Graeme McDowell.
However, he now says he felt he would inevitably upset some people whether he chose to represent Team GB or Ireland.
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McIlroy says that he does not envy the profile of fellow former world number one Tiger Woods.
McIlroy lives in Florida, USA and regularly plays rounds with American 14-time major winner Woods, and he says he would gladly accept less success if it means maintaining a more normal life away from the course.
"I've played golf with him and said: 'What are you doing tonight? Do you want to come and have dinner with us?' And he can't," McIlroy added.
"For me, that's unfathomable. I could not live like that.
"If someone was to say, 'you can have 14 majors and 70 wins but have to deal with that, or nine majors and 40 wins and stay somewhat the same as you are', I'd take the second option all day."


Thousands of people have attended a homecoming in Skibbereen, County Cork, for Irish Olympic silver medal winners Gary and Paul O'Donovan.

About 1,000 people also turned out to welcome the two rowers at Cork airport on Sunday night.
They were on a flight with 20 other members of the Irish rowing team who competed at the world championships in Rotterdam.
Paul O'Donovan claimed a gold medal at that event.
That was in the men's single lightweight sculls.
The O'Donovan brothers joined the plane's captain and co-pilot in the cockpit on Sunday night as the airport's fire and rescue service provided the plane with a water cannon salute.
The brothers' parents Teddy and Trish O'Donovan were also on board the plane.
Monday night's official homecoming for the O'Donovan brothers in Skibbereen included an open top bus parade through the town.


Sheffield United goalkeeper George Long has agreed a two-year contract extension with the League One club.

The 22-year-old, who made his Blades debut at the age of 17, made 38 appearances last season.
The former England Under-20 international is currently on holiday and will sign the deal when he returns.
Chris Wilder left Northampton Town to replace Nigel Adkins as Sheffield United manager in May after the Blades finished 11th in League One.


The jury in the latest trial of journalists accused of illegally paying public officials has been told the judge will accept majority verdicts.

The Sun's Tom Wells, Neil Millard and Brandon Malinsky and ex-Daily Mirror reporter Graham Brough deny conspiring to commit misconduct in public office.
Ex-immigration officer Mark Blake, 43, from Slough, denies misconduct in public office.
The trial at the Old Bailey, part of Operation Elveden, began in February.
The jury began considering its verdicts on 8 April.
Juries are first asked to reach unanimous verdicts, but judges can allow them to make majority verdicts if they cannot all agree. In a full panel of 12 jurors, at least 10 must agree for a majority verdict to be reached.
Mr Wells, 34, from south-east London, Mr Millard, 33, from Croydon, Mr Malinsky, 50, from north London, and Mr Brough, 54, from south-west London, are all accused of paying public officials for stories.
Operation Elveden is the Metropolitan Police investigation into allegations of inappropriate payments to police and public officials.


Research to reduce the number of sudden cardiac deaths in young people has received a £2.3m boost.

BHF Cymru is funding Swansea University work to understand how a mutated gene causes CPVT, leading to an irregular heart rhythm.
It is estimated one under 35-year-old dies every fortnight due to an undiagnosed inherited heart problem.
It is one of the only teams in the world able to examine the molecules in this detail.
Kristian Hough was 19 when he suffered a sudden cardiac arrest on holiday on the Isle of Skye and survived, and tests and his family history suggest CPVT.
His mother Brenda said: "We were having breakfast, Kristian got up and just fell to the ground.
"His eyes glazed over, he turned grey and went clammy. I knew this was serious, we started to do CPR. Amazingly, the paramedics arrived within four or five minutes.
"They administered defibrillation four times and restarted his heart."
Ms Hough researched the family history and found seven people on the maternal side from Treherbert in Rhondda Cynon Taff who had experienced sudden cardiac arrest, the youngest aged 13.
Dr Lowri Thomas from Swansea University said: "The aim of this research is ultimately to improve the quality of life of those children and young people living with CPVT to develop more effective, personalised treatment.
"By better understanding the origins of CPVT, down to a molecular level, we will be better equipped in the future to be able to treat these conditions more effectively."


Atletico Madrid reached the quarter-finals of the Champions League after beating Bayer Leverkusen on penalties.

Following a 1-0 defeat in the first leg in Germany, Atletico levelled the tie in the 27th minute when Mario Suarez's strike deflected in off Omer Toprak.
Raul Garcia went closest to a winner for Atletico in extra time but Leverkusen keeper Bernd Leno saved.
Hakan Calhanoglu, Toprak and Stefan Kiessling all missed for Leverkusen as Atletico won 3-2 in the shootout.
Substitute keeper Jan Oblak was an unlikely hero for Atletico, last year's beaten finalists, after replacing Miguel Angel Moya, who limped off with a hamstring injury midway through the first half.
Oblak has failed to become Atletico's first choice since his £12.6m move from Benfica as a replacement for Thibaut Courtois, who returned to Chelsea after three years on loan.
But the 22-year-old Slovenian saved Calhanoglu's penalty after Garcia had missed the hosts' first kick.
Atletico's Koke also had a spot-kick saved after Toprak missed before Kiessling blasted the 10th and final kick high over the bar, sending the Spaniards into Friday's quarter-final draw along with the already-qualified Real Madrid, Bayern Munich, Paris St-Germain, Porto and Monaco.
It was a cruel finish for Leverkusen, who were hoping to reach the last eight for the first time since since reaching the final in 2002.
They went in search of an early away goal with the lively Karim Bellarabi whipping a low shot wide while a Son Heung-min shot was calmly cleared away by Atletico striker Mario Mandzukic.
Atletico looked tentative at the back without experienced defender Diego Godin, who was suspended, while midfielder Tiago was also banned after being sent off in the first leg. And it seemed to get worse when Moya limped off.
But their fortune changed for the better in the 27th minute when Suarez's low strike flicked off Leverkusen defender Toprak and flashed past Leno, who was unable to react in time.
The Spanish champions almost doubled their lead minutes later with another deflection but Antoine Griezmann's effort clipped Lars Bender to curl wide.
Atletico boss Diego Simeone waved his arms furiously to rally the Vicente Calderon fans at start of the second half and they roared the Rojiblancos forward but they were restricted to half-chances for Arda Turan and Garcia.
Garcia almost won in it in extra time but his drilled shot was parried away by Leno to take the game to a penalty shootout.
Atletico Madrid manager Diego Simeone:
"I loved it. As I watched the match ending I could see we were back again among the best eight teams in Europe with Atletico Madrid in a stadium that was erupting. It left me with goosepimples.
"The fans delight me. The supporters don't realise the strength they give the players."
Atletico Madrid striker Fernando Torres:
"I'm happy, delighted to see the stadium enjoying a match like this. I've often yearned to live nights like this in the Calderon, so it's a day to savour."
Bayer Leverkusen coach Roger Schmidt:
"We are a young team with little experience and it is not easy to hang in there at a stadium like Atletico's.
"In the shootout we lacked concentration and calm. After fighting so hard we are very disappointed. But the players gave their all and so we leave feeling satisfied."
Bayer Leverkusen midfielder Simon Rolfes:
"After a penalty shootout it is difficult to analyse a game. We may not have shown enough courage, but a little luck is also necessary. It is bitter to exit on penalties. Atletico were the more active team and we were not confident enough."


Former Conservative Party treasurer Lord Ashcroft says he is quitting the House of Lords.

Lord Ashcroft, a former Tory deputy chairman, said his other activities did not allow him to "devote the time that membership of the Lords properly requires".
In a statement, he said the polling work for which he has been known in recent years would continue.
He first became a member of the Lords in October 2000.
In July 2010, he gave up his non-domiciled tax status to remain in the Lords after a law was passed requiring peers and MPs to be tax resident and domiciled in order to remain in Parliament.
His tax status had long been criticised by his opponents as he donated millions of pounds to the Conservatives, particularly in closely-contested marginal seats.
More recently, he has been heavily involved in polling, which is carried out in individual constituencies.
Writing on Twitter after announcing his intention to step down from the Lords, he said retired members could still keep their titles and use the facilities if they wanted to.
Traditionally there were no means by which peers could leave the Lords, but under the 2014 House of Lords Reform Act, they are able to retire by giving written notice to the Clerk of the Parliaments.
In his statement, Lord Ashcroft referred to comments by Lords Speaker Baroness D'Souza that "retirement at the right time should be seen as a condition of membership of the House of Lords - a duty as well as a right".
He said: "I agree with the Speaker, and have concluded that my other activities do not permit me to devote the time that membership of the Lords properly requires."


NHS trusts will have to appoint a guardian to help whistleblowers in England, ministers have confirmed.

The measure was called for by Sir Robert Francis after he warned staff too often faced "bullying and being isolated" when they tried to speak out.
Sir Robert, who led the public inquiry into the Stafford Hospital scandal, also said a new national officer should be appointed to help the guardians.
The government immediately accepted all his recommendations.
Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt said: "If we don't get the culture right we will never deliver the ambitions we have for the NHS."
He said he agreed with the proposals in principle, but would now consult on how best to implement them.
And he added legislation to ensure whistleblowers were not discriminated against when they went for other jobs would also be introduced.
Sir Robert's Freedom to Speak Up Review took evidence from over 600 people about their experiences, while another 19,000 responded to an online survey.
It said there were lots of examples of organisations supporting whistleblowers.
But it also said too many were put off speaking up because they "fear victimisation", while others do not raise concerns because they feel they will not be listened too.
The review heard stories of staff that have faced isolation, bullying and counter-allegations.
In some extreme cases when staff had been brave enough to speak up their lives had been ruined, it said.
Sir Robert told the BBC: "I've heard some frankly shocking stories about [staff] whose health has suffered, and in rare cases who've felt suicidal as a result of their perception of them being ignored or worse."
He said raising concerns should be "welcomed and celebrated".
His review called for:
By Hugh Pym, BBC Health Editor
Perhaps the most eye-catching remark by Sir Robert Francis this morning is that two years, almost to the day, since his final report on the Mid Staffordshire scandal there is still a "serious problem in the NHS" relating to whistleblowers.
Sir Robert says that even after the drive for transparency following Mid Staffs there are still too many staff who are afraid and who had told his review they had seen colleagues suffer.
He proposes there should be "guardians" appointed at hospitals to support whistleblowers, but if the trusts pay their salaries will they be truly independent?
Sir Robert does not feel he can offer an amnesty for whistleblowers currently in dispute with employers - the legal process, in his view, must be left to take its course though he urges employers involved in cases to "reflect" on his report.
Sir Robert pointed out that the key change needed related to cultural rather than regulatory reform.
Few would disagree that culture change needs more than a report from an eminent QC.
The recommendations have been made despite a growing focus on patient safety since Sir Robert published his public inquiry in 2013 into the Stafford Hospital scandal.
One of the main findings of that report was that people within the NHS knew about the poor levels of care at the hospital, but did not raise the alarm.
Since then a number of initiatives have been launched to improve safety.
In 2012 NHS Employers launched its "Speaking Up Charter" asking trusts to commit to helping staff raise concerns.
And last year the government unveiled its "Sign Up to Safety Campaign" - a three-year plan to halve avoidable harm through greater transparency, collaboration with other trusts and support for staff.
But Sir Robert said the NHS had still not got it right.
He argued: "There is a serious issue within the NHS. It's not just about whistleblowing, it is fundamentally a patient safety issue.
"The NHS is blessed with staff who want to do the best for their patients. They want to be able to raise their concerns free of fear that they may be badly treated when they do so and confident that effective action will be taken.
"Unfortunately I heard shocking accounts from distressed NHS staff who did not have this experience when they spoke up."
Dr Raj Mattu, a cardiologist who was suspended then sacked after raising concerns about patient safety in 2001, said it was frustrating and depressing that there had been "very few biting changes" to protect whistleblowers.
He said there was still "persecution of whistleblowers on a grand scale" in the NHS.
Asked why this was the case, he said medical staff were in their jobs because they wanted to help patients but many senior staff were there for a "career in management".
"What then happens is the interests of the trusts and the NHS conflict from time to time with those of the patient and many of us who are whistleblowers feel compelled under moral obligation to speak up," he said.
He called for independent assessment of whistleblowers' claims, and "real protections" for those raising concerns.
Dr Mark Porter, of the British Medical Association, said: "The freedom to raise concerns without fear of reprisal is vitally important for patient safety.
"We need to put an end to the climate of fear that has built up in the NHS over a number of years, and everyone in the NHS - especially those in managerial and leadership positions - must lead by example to make this a reality."


Leading English hospitals saw income from private patients rise by more than half since 2010, Labour has claimed.

Documents from NHS trusts and financial regulator Monitor show the average income per trust went up by 58% from £1.7m in 2009/10 to £2.7m in 2013/14.
But it said cancelled operations and A&E waits had increased for NHS patients over that period.
The Conservatives said private patient income was falling as a proportion of hospital budgets.
Both of the coalition parties argue private health provision within the NHS accelerated under Labour and only went up from 4% of total NHS spending in England to 6% while they have been in power.
In other election news:
The coalition government's Health and Social Care Act, which took effect in England in 2013, allowed foundation trusts - which look after their own finances - to earn up to 49% of their total income from private services.
Before that, there was a capping mechanism which restricted how much private work these trusts could carry out.
The figures quoted by Labour were derived from House of Commons written answers listing total private patient income, divided by the number of foundation trusts.
The party is now proposing a cap of 2% on work for private patients as a proportion of total income, unless key performance benchmarks are achieved.
This issue includes NHS funding, GP access and social care, particularly of older people.
Policy guide: Where the parties stand
Health spokesman Andy Burnham said: "Following the Tories' decision to allow hospitals to turn over up to half of their beds to private patients, the growing financial crisis in the NHS has seen many hospitals forced to treat more private patients in NHS beds too - while waiting times get worse for everyone else.
A senior source in the hospital trust sector told the BBC that most private work was concentrated in major teaching hospitals and specialist centres, including income from wealthy foreign patients.
This revenue helped these trusts balance their books and so secure the treatment of their NHS patients.
The source pointed out that Labour's figures showed average private patient income, although up more than half, still only amounted to £2.7m - or about 1% or less of an average trust's total income.
Labour also highlighted again the issue of NHS contracts awarded to private providers.  It said its own analysis, based on Freedom of Information requests, showed that 40% of such contracts went to private companies, though the party admitted it did not have full data on the value of those deals.
A Conservative spokesman said: "This is a gimmick from Labour - official figures show that outsourcing accounts for just 6p in each NHS pound, and private patient income is actually falling as a proportion of hospital budgets."
He said Labour were "fixating" on the issue of "privatisation", claiming experts said this was a "myth".
The real debate should be "good care against poor", he added.
Q&A: Health and care - the background issues


As Britain has embarked on soul-searching debates over its place in Europe over the past five decades, the name of Winston Churchill has invariably popped up.

David Cameron claimed Britain's wartime leader for the Remain camp on Monday by saying that Churchill's involuntary lone stand in 1940, as France fell and the US equivocated over whether to join the war against Hitler, showed the dangers of isolationism.
David Davis, the former shadow home secretary, questioned whether it was right to claim that Churchill would have supported Britain's membership of the EU.
The former Tory leadership contender told me that Churchill supported the creation of a United States of Europe, with the important caveat that Britain should remain apart from a new continental alliance.
Now Churchill's grandson has entered the fray to tell the BBC that he believes Churchill would be voting to stay in the EU were he alive today.
Churchill, it is important to say, died 51 years ago and would have had to have lived to the age 141 to be able to vote in next month's referendum.
Sir Nicholas Soames, the Conservative MP for Mid Sussex who has been a fervent advocate of the Remain side on Twitter, was just short of his 17th birthday when his grandfather died in 1965 and believes he knows Churchill's thinking well.
President Charles de Gaulle, who had a fraught relationship with Churchill as leader of the Free French during World War Two, delivered his first "Non" to UK membership of the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1963, two years before Churchill's death.
Despite this setback Sir Nicholas believes Churchill would be saying "Oui" to UK membership of the EU.
Sir Nicholas said: "The last thing on earth Churchill would have been would have been an isolationist - to want to stand apart from Europe right now at a difficult time.
"There is something awfully un-British, in my view, about wanting to leave. I think we stay. I think 'Non' he would not think it is a good thing to leave. 'Oui', I think he would have wanted to stay."
Mr Davis says Churchill would have taken a different view. The former shadow home secretary took issue with the prime minister's decision to invoke the memory of Churchill in his speech.
He said: "It is in defiance of history. Winston Churchill saw a very good argument for some sort of a United States of Europe. But he never wanted us to be a part of it. That's the key point."
In February this year, in the wake of the prime minister's deal on EU reform, Sir Nicholas highlighted his grandfather's speech in Zurich in 1946 in which he called for the recreation of the European family in a United States of Europe.
Sir Nicholas told MPs in February that over the years both sides of the European debate have claimed the speech "as being some sort of holy grail", adding that it would be "an impertinence" for him to work out what Churchill would think today.
An insight from his late mother Mary, who died in 2014 at the age of 91, appears to have persuaded Sir Nicholas to take an extra step and suggest how his grandfather would vote in the referendum.
Sir Nicholas said that his mother, whose husband Christopher was one of the UK's first European commissioners, told him that the EU had been indispensable in keeping the peace in Europe after her father's role in securing victory in World War Two.


Francesco Totti says his "love for football will never fade" as he prepares for "the last time I can wear Roma's jersey" on Sunday.

The 40-year-old Italian is to end his 24-year playing career with Roma  - he is set to become a director at the only club he has played for.
He has scored 307 goals in 783 games since making his debut in 1993 aged 16.
"I can't tell you in a few words how much these colours meant, mean and will always mean to me," he tweeted.
"I just feel that my love for football never fades. It's a passion, my passion. It's so deep I can't imagine not fuelling it any longer. Ever.
"From Monday I'm ready to go again. I'm ready for a new challenge. Roma v Genoa, Sunday, 28 May 2017, the last time I can wear Roma's jersey."
Totti, a World Cup winner with Italy in 2006, has won one Serie A title and two Coppa Italias at Roma.
He was widely expected to quit playing last summer but signed a one-year extension to his contract.
This season he has made 27 appearances, mostly as a substitute. Roma are second in the table, four points behind newly-crowned champions Juventus before the final day of the season on Sunday.
The club's new sporting director Monchi had already revealed Totti was to retire from playing at the end of the season - but the player himself had until now remained silent on the matter.
"There is an agreement with the club that this will be his last year," Monchi said in early May.
"Then he will continue as a director. I want him on my side because he is Roma and can teach me what Roma is," the Spaniard added.
When Totti made his first Serie A appearance, in Roma's 2-0 win at Brescia on 28 March 1993, this is what was happening in the world:


Wales has five billionaires, with Cardiff-born Sir Michael Moritz the wealthiest, according to the Sunday Times Rich List.

Sir Michael, who made his fortune investing in firms including Google, PayPal and Yahoo, is now worth £1.95bn.
Moneysupermarket.com co-founder Simon Nixon and West Ham United co-owner David Sullivan are new to the list.
Specsavers co-founder Douglas Perkins remains second with a £1.55bn wealth while Sir Terry Matthews is fourth.
The list incorporates billionaires who were born or are based in Wales.
It said Mr Perkins, who was born in Llanelli, Carmarthenshire, is worth £100m more than last year but Celtic Manor owner Sir Terry has dropped from third place.
That was taken by Mr Nixon who joined the billionaires list after selling the last of his shares in March for Moneysupermarket.com.
He co-founded the firm in Flintshire in 1999 with Duncan Cameron after dropping out of university.
He has earned £551m from share sales since the business was floated along and has properties valued at £310m along with stock market investments worth £490m.
Cardiff-born property investor and football club owner Mr Sullivan crossed the £1bn mark after his wealth grew by more than £150m in the last year.
Steve Morgan, the founder of Flintshire-based house builder Redrow, could become the country's sixth billionaire next year if his wealth continues to grow at the present rate, the Rich List added.
Ebbw Vale-born Mark Neale, who is behind outdoor clothing and equipment chain Mountain Warehouse, is a new entry to the Welsh list. He is worth £170m with more than 200 stores stretching from Poland to North America.
1. Sir Michael Moritz - £1.95bn
2. Douglas Perkins and family - £1.55bn
3. Simon Nixon - £1.026bn
4. Sir Terry Matthews - £1.012bn
5. David Sullivan - £1bn
6. Steve Morgan - £800m
7. Henry Engelhardt and family - £700m
8. Lord Heseltine and family - £300m
9. Lawrence Jones and family - £275m
10. John Deer - £262m


John Boyega has made his first return to the stage since his career went stellar in Star Wars: The Force Awakens.

In Woyzeck, at London's Old Vic theatre, he plays a young British soldier in 1980s Berlin during the Cold War.
While the play is a dark experience to sit through, Boyega's performance has been widely praised. The Guardian described him as "compelling to watch".
We first meet Woyzeck in the grim Berlin apartment where he lives with his partner Marie (Sarah Greene) and their baby.
Unable to afford the rent, he takes part in a paid medical trial and his world starts to fall apart.
The play is adapted by Harry Potter and the Cursed Child writer Jack Thorne from German playwright Georg Buchner's original work, which was unfinished at his death in 1837.
Here's a look at what some of the critics have been saying:
Read the reviews in full:  The Guardian, The Stage, Evening Standard, Whatsonstage, The Telegraph, and The Times .
Woyzeck is at the Old Vic, London, until 24 June.
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


More than 930,000 people have applied to register to vote since Theresa May announced she was seeking an early election.

Of these, more than 390,000 were aged under 25 - 42% of the total.
The highest number of registrations was on the day Mrs May made her speech, with 147,000 people registering online and 3,364 paper forms being submitted.
There was another surge on the day of the local elections, with 67,600 registering on 4 May.
Although numbers have begun to drop off, there are still significant numbers of voters making sure they can have their say at the ballot box.
A spike in the numbers on 7 April, which saw 84,600 people register, has been attributed to a Facebook reminder that went out to users across the UK.
The deadline to register to vote in the general election is 22 May.
After campaigning to get more people registered in time for the last general election in 2015 and the EU referendum in 2016, the Electoral Commission said the deadline to register was "a significant motivating factor". A spokeswoman added: "A large number of people apply to register in the days immediately before and on the deadline itself."
The biggest group getting their applications in to vote during this surge is young people.
Many of those registering will be people who have turned 18 since the referendum, or students who have moved house.
Rachael Farrington, university student and founder of Voting Counts - a campaign to encourage voters to register - said another factor was that "young people have seen recently examples of how voting really does count, particularly with the EU referendum, and this is encouraging them to get involved".
Jonelle Awomoyi, who is 18 and a Member of the Youth Parliament, echoed that point: "Surprise results like Brexit and Donald Trump have made people who thought politics was boring and for old people reconsider."
She added that in previous elections her contemporaries had complained "all politicians are the same - but with Theresa May and Jeremy Corbyn as leaders that's clearly not the case".
On the day the general election was called, 57,987 people under 25 registered to vote - more than any other age group. The second largest group was people aged between 25 and 34, with a further 51,341 registering.
The number of new registrations declined the older people got:
The Facebook-related spike on 7 April actually saw the 25-to-34 group with the most registrations - 31,211 people - but this was followed by the under-25s, with 22,138 registrations.
Just 3,175 people 65 or over registered on that day.
Despite the rise in registration among younger people, Emma Hartley, head of campaigns at the Electoral Commission stressed: "It's really important that anyone who is eligible to vote at next month's general election is able to take part.
"if you're not registered to vote where you live by the deadline of 22 May then you won't be able to have your say.
"We know that young people, students and people who have recently house are less likely to be registered. We're urging anyone not yet registered to go online and register as soon as possible."
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Veteran broadcaster David Dimbleby is to present Question Time with a Labour leadership special.

Contenders Jeremy Corbyn and Owen Smith will go head to head before a live studio audience on 8 September.
The debate from Oldham, shown at 21:00 BST on BBC One, marks the start of a new series of the weekly debate show.
Dimbleby, 77, has hosted Question Time since 1994 as well as anchoring the BBC's general election programmes since 1979.
He said: "It's good news that the two contenders for the Labour leadership have agreed to appear in front of a Question Time audience. As we saw in the EU referendum debates, and the general election debates, there's nothing like a Question Time audience for discovering and testing different political views."
The result of Labour's leadership contest will be announced on 24 September.


Police are looking to pursue charges including attempted murder, public disorder and wounding with intent following a mass brawl in Northampton.

Six people were stabbed in a fight involving "50 or 60" people in Faces bar and NU Bar on Bridge Street.
No arrests were made during the incident at 04:00 GMT on Friday.
Northampton Borough Council has suspended the licences of the two bars for seven days.
Eight people were injured, with three being treated at University Hospital Coventry and the remaining five at Northampton Hospital.
An urgent meeting of the council's licensing sub-committee on Friday suspended the bars licenses pending a full review.
Northamptonshire Police's licensing officer, Sergeant Martin O'Connell, told the committee attempted murder was among the charges being considered.
He said that weapons including metal bars, knives and bottles had been used during the fight.
The trouble involved a number of people who had come to Northampton from London for a pre-arranged evening out, police said.


China's richest man has said that he considers the UK the best place in the world to invest.

Wang Jianlin, chair of China's largest property company, Dalian Wanda, said the UK had one of the most open markets and that investment was not subject to the same scrutiny as elsewhere.
Mr Wang told the BBC he was looking to invest $1bn (Â£667m) in the UK entertainment industry.
He is also considering buying an English or Italian football club.
"I've travelled to many countries to consider them for investment, and most admire Britain's market," he said.
"Britain has one of the highest degrees of free market openness, no investment needs to be scrutinised, it's entirely up to you."
He said that he likes the US as well but the Committee on Foreign Investment in the US scrutinises investment and can block it.
He added that China needs to reform its own market.
Mr Wang is estimated to be worth $24.2bn and recently reclaimed the title of China's richest man, overtaking Jack Ma, the boss of e-commerce giant Alibaba, according to Forbes.
Mr Wang has already made some eye-catching investments around the world. He purchased Sunseeker, the British yacht maker for the James Bond films; AMC cinemas in the US; and the Swiss company InFront, which holds TV rights for the Fifa World Cup.
He revealed that he has been discussing an investment with London for the past year. It didn't come to fruition but he is still seeking to invest $1bn in the UK.
In a wide-ranging interview, Mr Wang said that he been approached by several English football clubs but the key factor when it came to buying one was the price. He has already acquired a 20% stake in Spanish club Atletico Madrid.
When asked if he was concerned about the possibility of the UK leaving the EU after a potential upcoming referendum, he said that he wasn't.
"I don't think it is a big problem for me whether the UK is in the EU or not. It is a problem between the UK and Europe. The UK is relatively independent in the EU at present. It does not use the euro."
When it comes to his home market, Mr Wang believes that China will open up more over time. He points out that because of the dominance of state-owned firms, the market isn't open enough for private Chinese, as well as for foreign firms, and needs reform.
Listen to more about China's economy on Saturday, 14 March at 08:30 GMT on the BBC World Service.
Six Routes to A Richer World, a co-production with US radio's Marketplace, visits six important places in the new global economy.
A Richer World 2015
Listen to the reports and documentaries
"I think China's market should be more open. Maybe China is not as open as the UK or USA at present. It is probably because we are relatively backward in some respects," he said.
Mr Wang also expects China to undertake the privatisation of land. He sees it as the only way to resolve the debt problems confronting local governments.
He says that they owe 20 trillion yuan (Â£2.1tn; $3.2tn) of debt and do not generate enough revenue to pay it down, so he sees the only solution as allowing land to be privately sold.
When asked if he was certain that the central government would go for this radical move, since land in China is essentially state-owned, he said that he was convinced that it would happen.
If so, that would be a big step in the opening up of China's market and would certainly benefit property developers who can currently only own leaseholds and jointly develop projects on land owned by local governments.
For more, listen to Six Routes to Riches on Saturday, 14 March on BBC World Service and Marketplace in the US, or watch Talking Business with Linda Yueh.


Fans and those who were lucky enough to meet music legend David Bowie have been sharing their memories, tributes and art work following news of his death from cancer.

Many of you told us how he changed your lives with his unorthodox style and music.
Here are your stories.
Chris Chappel in Suffolk told the BBC: "I had the amazing experience of being tour manager for David Bowie on his Glass Spider, Sound and Vision and Tin Machine tours.
"He was amongst the most charming, creative and talented musicians I had ever worked for in my 30 years on the road.
"He had a great sense of humour and was great company, never compromising his art - he was an icon.
"I'm rather sad. He touched everyone he met - he was a revolutionary of the heart and mind and never afraid of failure.
"I remember we would spend a lot of time on tour buses as he didn't like to fly."
Linda Matthews told us: "Mr Jones (David Bowie) was a client of mine in the 80s when I managed an apartment block in Chelsea where the rich and the famous could stay with no risk of the press finding they were in London.
"He stayed several times and sometimes his young son, Zowie, was with him. Like many famous people, Mr Jones hated being recognised and rather than eating out he, or his minder Coco, asked me to find a cook.
"It seemed best for me to cook and he loved simple fare such as stuffed marrow and treacle tart, to the extent that I was offered a job in his house above Lake Geneva - and I said no!
"A boyfriend of mine helped to carry the food up to Mr Jones's apartment and was under strict orders to look straight ahead and never at Mr Jones.
"During one stay Zowie obviously wanted to play with friends of the same age and there was a family staying on the same floor with a boy of his age. But the father worked with CBS so there was panic about publicity. The boys won - front doors to both apartments open and an enormous Scalextric track set out from one apartment, across the landing to the other apartment.
"And the news of who Zowie's dad was did not get out."
Wendy Smith emailed to recall: "He came to the Royal Court Theatre in 1979. I was the usherette on the door upstairs. He came in with a trendy young couple. The only thing I noticed was his flip raincoat - which was uber trendy then. I ripped the ticket and with a nonchalant gesture pointed to the unsparingly uncomfortable seats. Back in the day we usherettes ruled.
"I looked to the doorway to see one agitated manager and a gaggle of other usherettes. 'Don't you know who that was?' he hissed.
"That was David Bowie. Should have kept the ticket."
Sonya Dey tells the BBC:  "We just moved into the house formerly owned by the legendary saxophonist Ronnie Ross.
"Back in around 1960-1962 when David lived in Bromley, he contacted Ronnie Ross on recommendation and, with his pocket money, came for saxophone lessons which took place in our now dining room which was originally Ronnie Ross's music room. So the legend that is David Bowie was born and from there he went on to become who he is today.
"We live in Orpington and have today lit a candle in the very room in which David took his lessons. Its quite sad but eerie to know that David as a little boy of 13-15 graced this house with his presence.
"We will be applying for a blue plaque in due course to honour his early years and keep his memory alive."
Produced by Dhruti Shah


US President Donald Trump has told the heads of the big three US car giants to build more vehicles in America.

During a White House meeting with the companies' chief executives he promised to make investment more attractive through cuts in regulations and taxes.
"We have a very big push on to have auto plants and other plants," he told reporters at the start of the meeting.
Mr Trump met General Motors' Mary Barra, Ford's Mark Fields, and Fiat Chrysler's Sergio Marchionne.
The president has criticised some carmakers via Twitter, warning them about expanding plants in Mexico and elsewhere and then expecting to import vehicles tariff free.
Tuesday's meeting was Mr Trump's first chance to meet the car chiefs face-to-face to press home his "buy American, hire American" policies.
According to news briefings in the US, the executives raised the issue of fuel efficiency rules, trade policy and other regulatory matters during the hour-long meeting.
Mr Marchionne told reporters after the meeting that the president did not give them specifics on what regulations he would cut.
GM, Ford, and Fiat Chrysler, as well as foreign carmakers, have announced a string of new US jobs and investments in recent weeks.
Also on Tuesday, Toyota said it would add 400 jobs and invest $600m in an Indiana plant, aiming to boost production there by 10%. The Japanese company has already said it plans to invest $10bn in the UK over the next five years.
According to Reuters, US car manufacturers have collectively added more than 78,000 jobs since 2009, the year when GM and Chrysler - before it became part of Fiat - filed for bankruptcy protection as part of government bailouts during the US recession.
They have invested more than $40bn in US plants during that period.
Barclays' car industry analyst, Brian Johnson, said in a research note on Tuesday that "automakers will be willing to make a deal that would bring back jobs to the US in return for a slower ramp of (fuel efficiency) targets and related state-level mandates."


Wrexham beat Boreham Wood in an entertaining game in which all three goals scored from the penalty spot.

The hosts went ahead when Izale McLeod was fouled and Anthony Barry tucked away the penalty that followed.
At the other end, Boreham Wood won a penalty of their own when Mark Carrington brought town Morgan Ferrier, who made no mistake from the spot.
There was late drama however, as John Rooney scored another Wrexham penalty to seal the win in the 93rd minute.
Wrexham manager Dean Keates told BBC Radio Wales:
"I thought in the first half we controlled the game. We should have killed the game off and when we went in at half-time, it wasn't good enough even though we were in control.
"The positive is we got a penalty in the last minute and John scored.
"To give full credit to Boreham Wood they changed their formation. They played the way we expected the first half but didn't in the last 25 minutes."
Match ends, Wrexham 2, Boreham Wood 1.
Second Half ends, Wrexham 2, Boreham Wood 1.
Goal!  Wrexham 2, Boreham Wood 1. John Rooney (Wrexham) converts the penalty with a.
Substitution, Wrexham. John Rooney replaces Antony Barry.
Goal!  Wrexham 1, Boreham Wood 1. Morgan Ferrier (Boreham Wood) converts the penalty with a.
Mark Carrington (Wrexham) is shown the yellow card.
Substitution, Wrexham. Ntumba Massanka replaces Izale McLeod.
Substitution, Boreham Wood. Ricky Shakes replaces Kenny Davis.
Substitution, Boreham Wood. Bruno Andrade replaces Tom Hitchcock.
Substitution, Wrexham. Rob Evans replaces Russell Penn.
Second Half begins Wrexham 1, Boreham Wood 0.
First Half ends, Wrexham 1, Boreham Wood 0.
Goal!  Wrexham 1, Boreham Wood 0. Antony Barry (Wrexham) converts the penalty with a.
Jordan White (Wrexham) is shown the yellow card.
First Half begins.
Lineups are announced and players are warming up.


A global alert has been issued by Interpol over the "serious and imminent threat" of online diet pills which claimed the life of a Shropshire woman.

Eloise Parry, 21, from Shrewsbury, took tablets which police believe included dinitrophenol, known as DNP.
The warning was initially prompted by France after a Frenchman was left critically ill having taken weight loss pills containing the toxic pesticide.
Interpol said the products were being made in "clandestine laboratories".
Miss Parry, who was a student at Glyndwr University, died at the Royal Shrewsbury Hospital on 12 April and her mother, Fiona, has warned others to avoid the chemical.
Interpol has raised the alarm with forces in 190 countries after French authorities raised concerns about DNP last October and following an investigation by the World Anti-Doping Agency earlier this year.
In the Orange Notice, a public safety warning that Interpol issues, DNP was described as an "imminent threat" to consumers.
Online distributors have tried to mask its supply from customs and police officers by labelling it as the yellow spice turmeric because it looks similar, Interpol said.
A statement from the Interpol said: "Although usually sold in yellow powder or capsule form, DNP is also available as a cream.
"In addition to being produced in clandestine laboratories with no hygiene regulations, without specialist manufacturing knowledge the producers also expose consumers to an increased chance of overdose."


If you had a business called Widgets R Us and somebody set up shop right next door with a business called Widgets R U, you'd probably be a bit miffed.

Especially if the interloper then demanded money to move elsewhere.
But this sort of thing is happening all the time online. It's called cybersquatting - buying up website addresses, or domain names, that sound very similar to existing well-known brand names.
When Google recently launched its new parent company Alphabet, and the abc.xyz web address, there were more than 20,000 registrations by people attempting to take advantage, registering names like googlefiber.xyz or googledocs.xyz.
Motor manufacturer BMW managed to win back the domain b.mw - which made use of Malawi's top level domain (TLD) - from someone in Japan attempting to sell it for $1m (Â£660,000), according to a World Intellectual Property Organization ruling in September.
And in January, eBay won one of the largest cybersquatting cases, winning the ownership of more than 1,000 domains that had used its trademark.
Protecting your brand name online is of critical business importance for smaller companies as well.
When West Yorkshire-based furniture retailer Interior Goods Direct was three days late renewing one of its website domain names, it was told someone had already attempted to register it.
"Fortunately we had 30 days to make the payment, so no harm was done. We suspect a competitor of monitoring when our domains need renewing and trying their luck," says Job Brown, head of digital.
"Interior design is a cut-throat world."
The firm operates several websites, such as roller-blinds-direct.co.uk and shutters-direct.co.uk, and obviously doesn't want to spend money on marketing only to see potential customers visiting rival, similarly named websites.
Mr Brown says the company is so concerned about protecting its brand that it has bought more than 100 domain names, "which is way more than any business could reasonably use", he admits.
Justified concerns
The potential for cybersquatting has grown since the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) - the international body responsible for co-ordinating all these addresses - began issuing hundreds of new generic top level domains (gTLDs), such as .xyz, and .nyc, as well as controversial ones like .sucks and .porn.
"When ICANN proposed allowing these new generic top level domains, the trademark world was not receptive to that idea because they were so concerned about cybersquatting and poaching," says Deborah Lodge, partner at law firm, Squire Patton Boggs.
Those concerns would appear to have been justified.
"We've seen almost twice the number of cases involving these new gTLDs this year versus last year," explains Brian Beckham, head of the internet dispute resolution section at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
People were "just overwhelmed" by the number of gTLDs becoming available, he says.
"In the distant history you had .biz or .info and things like this coming online in a small round of five or six new gTLDs," he says. "I think brand owners were much more willing to pay a couple hundred bucks to get Apple.biz for example."
Now the burden of protecting your brand online is potentially much higher as more extensions become available.
So how do you protect your brand online?
Registering it as a trademark is a good first step as it gives you more rights over related web addresses.
Under ICANN's Trademark Clearinghouse (TMCH) rules, a domain registry must provide a "sunrise period," during which trademarked brands registered in the TMCH can buy domains before they are publicly available.
"[Companies] have an opportunity to grab their turf," says Ms Lodge. "For instance we just registered, during the sunrise period, the domain name squirepattonboggs.law."
But it appears even this system is open to abuse.
Vox Populi, owner of the .sucks domain, was accused by ICANN earlier this year of overcharging for the domain during the sunrise period, with fees climbing as high as $2,499 (Â£1,645).
Simply buying up lots of addresses that are variations of your brand name is one option. But this can get expensive for a small business, as domains can vary in price from 99p to several thousand pounds.
Mike McLaughlin, senior vice president of domains at GoDaddy, a web hosting company, says: "Really, nobody has to go out and buy hundreds [of domain names] across their brands and keywords to protect themselves.
"Be thoughtful about the handful of names that are most important to you and think about registering those - ones that if you saw in the hands of your closest competitor, you wouldn't be happy about it."
If you think a cybersquatter has bought a domain name that infringes your trademark, you can go through ICANN's uniform domain-name dispute resolution (UDRP) system to have your case heard by a panel of experts.
"The UDRP keeps people out of court," says WIPO's Mr Beckham. "If you're sitting in the United States and there's somebody in Vietnam that's squatting on your brand, you don't have to go a local court."
Another option is the uniform rapid suspension (URS) system, which Mr Beckham describes as a "lighter version."
"At the end of the UDRP process, I get the domain back in my portfolio and keep it out of the hands of other infringers. Under the URS though, it just gets suspended or taken down for the duration of the registration period."
The brand owner then has the choice of trying to obtain the domain in the future or waiting to see if anyone takes it again.
But brand owners don't always win.
In September, tobacco giant Philip Morris lost a case against a man operating the site marlboro.party.
Philip Morris accused him of using Marlboro's cigarette brand to drive traffic and advertising sales, whereas he claimed his use of Marlboro was purely a "geographic term."
"At this time, we continue to explore our options concerning this issue," said a spokesman for Philip Morris USA.
The cybersquatting issue is likely to keep lawyers and dispute resolution panels busy for years to come.


French presidential candidate Francois Fillon has suffered a new blow to his campaign, with his spokesman saying he is quitting.

Thierry Solere's resignation adds to a slew of notable departures, including the campaign treasurer on Thursday.
The conservative candidate has slipped down the opinion polls amid an inquiry into political payments to his wife.
His woes have raised speculation that ex-PM Alain Juppe could return to the race if Mr Fillon were to pull out.
Mr Juppe was overwhelmingly defeated by Mr Fillon in the Republicans' primary in November, securing only 33% of the vote to Mr Fillon's 66%.
Sources close to Mr Juppe said he would be prepared to step in, but only with the unanimous support of the party and only if Mr Fillon were to go voluntarily.
A new opinion poll suggests Mr Fillon would be eliminated in the first round of presidential election voting on 23 April, and that far-right candidate Marine Le Pen would challenge independent centrist Emmanuel Macron in the two-candidate run-off on 7 May. Mr Macron would win that contest, a number of opinion polls have suggested.
Mr Fillon has so far said he has no intention of stepping down despite the continuing haemorrhage of allies.
More than 60 politicians have said they can no longer support him.
The latest, Mr Solere, said on Twitter: "I've decided to end my duties as Francois Fillon's spokesman."
He joins campaign treasurer Gilles Boyer, two deputy directors and Mr Fillon's foreign affairs spokesman, among others.
Mr Fillon's Paris home was raided by investigators on Thursday as part of the inquiry into the payments to his Welsh-born wife, Penelope.
The Le Canard Enchaine newspaper alleges she was paid â‚¬831,400 (Â£710,000; $900,000) over several years for working as a parliamentary assistant for Mr Fillon and his successor, but had no parliamentary pass - raising questions over whether she did the work she was paid for.
Mr Fillon, 62, denies any wrongdoing and says he is the victim of a "political assassination".
He is planning a major rally near the Eiffel Tower in Paris on Sunday.
Mr Juppe, 71, has kept a low profile as the mayor of Bordeaux since his defeat in the primary.
Quoting a close source, Le Parisien said Mr Juppe would "remain loyal" but "not inactive" in a situation resembling a "collective suicide". Mr Juppe indicated that the call for him to return would have to come not just from his own supporters but from a far wider field.
Republican lawmaker Georges Fenech was among those appealing for Mr Juppe to return, telling BFM TV: "I don't think we have a single minute to lose in showing we have the ability to react to what has happened. I think Alain Juppe offers an alternative."
The deadline for candidates to declare they are running is 17 March, two days after Mr Fillon is scheduled to appear before a judge overseeing the investigation.