Arsenal have completed the signing of France striker Alexandre Lacazette from Lyon for a club record £46.5m fee on a five-year deal.

The fee - up to £52.6m with add-ons - will surpass the £42.4m Arsenal paid Real Madrid for Mesut Ozil in 2013.
"Arsenal are the club that plays the best football in England so I really wanted to come here," said Lacazette.
The 26-year-old is expected to travel with the squad this weekend for two friendly matches in Sydney next week.
Those games will be followed by a match against Bayern Munich in Shanghai the following week.
The player added: "Throughout my childhood and thanks to Arsenal's former striker Thierry Henry and other French players, I always dreamed of playing for this club so that dream has been fulfilled.
"I like clubs with a history and the fact that the manager has been here for a while shows that it is a stable club. There are quite a few French players at the club which will make it easy to settle in."
Lacazette, who has won 11 caps for France, was the second-highest scorer in Ligue 1 last season with 28 goals. He netted 129 goals in 275 matches in all competitions for Lyon after breaking into the first team in the 2009-10 campaign.
His league tally last season was bettered by only Paris St-Germain's Edinson Cavani, with 35.
Manager Arsene Wenger said: "We are very happy to have Alexandre join our group. He has shown over a number of years that he can score goals and that he is a very efficient finisher.
"He has very interesting technical qualities and a strong character. So he is a guy who is a great addition for us, and someone who will help us challenge at the top level this season."
Lacazette has been linked with several top clubs and looked set to join Atletico Madrid before their transfer ban was upheld by the Court of Arbitration for Sport.
Last week Arsenal chief executive Ivan Gazidis promised fans "top-quality" summer signings during a question-and-answer session.
Left-back Sead Kolasinac, who joined from Schalke, is Arsenal's other recruit since the end of last season.
BBC Sport's David Ornstein
The player Arsenal really wanted this summer was Alexandre Lacazette and sources there tell me his arrival is another signal that the club are deadly serious when they say they want to become top-flight champions.
Although breaking the club transfer record does not guarantee anything, acquiring Lacazette proves Arsenal and Wenger can still attract top players, even without Champions League football.
Arsenal do have other targets but whether or not more signings are made is likely to depend on what happens with the likes of Alexis Sanchez, Mesut Ozil, Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain and Jack Wilshere, all of whom are out of contract in a year's time and have been linked with moves away from the Emirates.
Arsenal's first-team squad is currently far too big and players need to leave before any more arrive.
French football journalist Julien Laurens on BBC Radio 5 live
I think it is a very good signing for many reasons. Not just for spending the money but he is 26. The first time Arsenal scout Gilles Grimandi went to watch him was 10 years ago and already then Arsene Wenger had an interest in him.
They have looked at him so many times, year after year and were not always convinced. Sometimes he was 'yes', sometimes it was 'give him a bit of time'. On this occasion, Wenger is convinced it is the right time for him. Lacazette has matured and improved massively.


York City were relegated from the Football League after losing at promotion-chasing Accrington Stanley.

In a quiet first half, Tarique Fosu broke the deadlock, capitalising on York goalkeeper Scott Flinders' mistake to finish into the bottom corner.
Bradley Fewster came close to converting for the Minstermen, before Josh Windass doubled Stanley's lead with a strike from the edge of the box.
After numerous York chances, Windass added a late third for Stanley.
Following Stanley's dominant start, York began to create chances of their own. Fewster turned and shot over the bar before Luke Summerfield placed his effort straight at Accrington goalkeeper Ross Etheridge.
The result leaves York 10 points behind Newport with only two games left, as the Minstermen's four-year stay in the Football League is brought to an end.
Meanwhile second-placed Stanley strengthened their chances of automatic promotion to League One, stretching their buffer to the play-offs to two points after Plymouth lost to Dagenham and Redbridge.


Sunderland progressed to the semi-final of the Capital One Cup with a thrilling extra-time victory over Chelsea.

Chelsea dominated the majority of the 90 minutes, though their goal was fortuitous, with Lee Cattermole poking the ball into his own goal.
The Blues seemed to be heading to the last four until a late Fabio Borini equaliser took the match to extra time.
From then on the Premier League strugglers were the better side with Ki Sung-Yueng's thumping winner deserved.
Extra time was a scenario Jose Mourinho would have dreaded as the Chelsea manager had already been lamenting his team's packed schedule, pointing out that league leaders Arsenal had a few days extra to prepare for Monday's Premier League fixture between the two sides.
But Chelsea, who wasted a number of opportunities in a match they dominated for long periods, only had themselves to blame for prolonging what had been a tedious match up until Borini's dramatic strike.
The tireless Black Cats frustrated a Chelsea side which was much changed from the one which beat Crystal Palace in the league on Saturday. But whatever personnel the Portuguese chooses, it continues to be the same story for a team which has too often been toothless this season.
Despite an array of attacking talents in the Chelsea squad, it seems Mourinho has no-one at his disposal with the ruthlessness to kill off a game, with the former Real Madrid man particularly critical of his strikers of late.
Mourinho began with Willian, Samuel Eto'o and Andre Schurrle leading the attack and when those three failed he brought on Demba Ba and Eden Hazard towards the end of the second half, but neither made an impression.
Sunderland will be bottom of the Premier League on Christmas Day regardless of their achievements in the League Cup.
But manager Gus Poyet regarded this quarter-final as an opportunity to galvanize his players for the club's fight for top-flight survival, and the Uruguayan will surely be heartened by his players' character and courage during what was a demanding 120 minutes.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Willian, who had the freedom to float around the pitch, was the away team's most potent player and had the best chance of the first half when he dragged his effort wide of the far post.
Mark Schwarzer was underemployed in the Chelsea goal. A penalty appeal for a Cesar Azpilicueta handball was all the sparse 20,000 crowd had to shout about until Borini rewrote the script.
Chelsea had far more zip in the second half, with Cattermole's own goal giving the visitors the boost they needed.
Goal decision system technology was used before deciding whether to allow the goal, and replays also showed that Cattermole, rather than Frank Lampard, had the final touch as both players slid goalwards in chase of Azpilicueta's fine cross.
The own goal was Sunderland's sixth of the season - an ever-increasing number which has already left manager Poyet cursing his players' positioning rather than bad luck.
It was all Chelsea as Eto'o, Schurrle and Ba went close to doubling the visitors lead, but the Londoners were not clinical enough and paid the price as Borini squeezed the ball home to force the match into extra time.
From then on the momentum was with Sunderland. The Italian scuffed a further two chances, while a brilliant one-handed save from Schwarzer prevented Ki's diving header from finding the net.
But the veteran Australian could do little to prevent the midfielder from securing a memorable victory.


A human rights activist in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) says three members of a religious society linked to the Muslim Brotherhood have been arrested.

The UAE has come down hard on the al-Islah society over the past year.
On 2 July, 68 people, most of them al-Islah members, were convicted of a plot to overthrow the government.
Human rights groups said the trial judge had failed to investigate "credible" allegations of torture of the defendants.
The  new arrests have all occurred within the last week.
The latest is that of a senior communications engineer, Othman al-Shehhi.
The activist, who did not want to be named, says Mr Shehhi is being held in an unknown location, common practice in the UAE.
In another case,  the family of a detained Qatari doctor have told the BBC that after nearly six months they still do not know where he is being held.
Dr Mahmoud al-Jaidah was detained at Dubai Airport on 26 February.
He is allowed one meeting a month with his family, after being driven blindfolded to a government building in Abu Dhabi.
"They [the authorities] play on his mood," Dr Jaidah's son, Hassan, says.
"They keep saying 'today you will be released' and they give him his clothes and he waits for hours but he is not released."
Hassan Jaidah says his father, who has yet to be charged, has no links to the Muslim Brotherhood.
"He is not associated with al-Islah or the Muslim Brothers at all.  No-one who knows him can understand at all why he is being held."
The UAE government has said that all prisoners are treated according to the law and that any allegations of mistreatment are investigated.
Dr Jaidah, who works for Qatar Petroleum, finds himself caught between two countries with very different attitudes to the Muslim Brotherhood.
Qatar has long supported the Brotherhood, while the UAE view it as a serious threat.
Both countries are members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
Dr Jaidah's case has parallels with that of Salah Yafai who was arrested at Dubai airport on 26 April 2013.
Mr Yafai, a fitness trainer and educator, is a member of the Bahrain al-Islah society.
The Bahraini citizen was held for almost seven weeks in an unknown location without charge. He was released on 15 June.
Earlier this week, the UAE government pardoned Norwegian Marte Deborah Dalelv, who was charged with a series of offences and sentenced to 16 months in prison after reporting being raped.
Her alleged attacker was also pardoned in a case which angered rights groups and the Norwegian authorities.


On-loan Walsall striker Jordy Hiwula says the club face two "must-win games" at home if they are to claim automatic promotion from League One.

Hiwula, 21, scored in the Saddlers' 2-1 victory at Gillingham that closed the gap on second-placed Burton Albion to five points, with a game in hand.
And with Southend and Swindon up next at the Banks's Stadium, Hiwula says they cannot afford to lose.
"We've got to keep winning and hope Burton slip up," he told BBC WM.
Former Manchester City trainee Hiwula is in his second spell with Walsall, having scored nine goals in 20 appearances for them last season.
He was loaned out to League One leaders Wigan immediately after signing for Huddersfield from City last summer.
Now back in the West Midlands until the end of the campaign, Hiwula is determined to help the Saddlers into the Championship.
"We've got one of the best away records in the league and we need to keep going and take that into the next two games at home," he added.
"They're two big games - must win games - and we need to take it to our opponents."


A row has erupted at a council meeting in Londonderry following a decision to vote against council leaders attending a charity event to commemorate the Battle of the Somme.

It follows an invitation from ABF,  the soldiers charity, to a concert in Belfast in May.
The proposal was rejected at a Derry City and Strabane District Council meeting on Tuesday.
The DUP's David Ramsay said the move "will anger the protestant community".
Independent councillor Gary Donnelly disagreed.
"I believe this invitation was a slap in the face to tens of thousands of people in this city," said Mr Donnelly.
"The army is responsible for horrendous atrocities across this city.
"People have a right to commemorate the Somme but this is an attempt by the British Army to marry what happened at the Somme to present day activities. "
Councillor Ramsey said: "We are left now with no one attending from council, which is an issue.
"We also talked about a beacon for the Queen's birthday and councillor Donnelly asked in the meeting if the Queen would be put on top of it.
"We were invited to a cross community event to commemorate the Somme. We are supposed to be celebrating and commemorating without this sectarianism, bigotry and hatred."


A primary school dinner lady who attended a march co-organised by former English Defence League (EDL) leader Tommy Robinson has been suspended.

Rachel Booth was at the rally on 11 June in Manchester, which organisers said was "against Islamic hate".
She said she attended in sympathy for the victims of the Manchester attack that killed 22 people on 22 May.
Moor Nook Primary School, in Preston, confirmed a member of staff has been suspended "pending further inquiries".
Thousands of people attended the march by a coalition that calls itself UK Against Hate, held three weeks after a suicide bombing at an Ariana Grande concert.
The rally also drew hundreds of people in a counter-demonstration against the march.
Mrs Booth, who has worked at the school for four years, said the suspension was "a big shock".
"I have never been in any kind of trouble with police.
"The grounds for suspending me are it was an EDL march, which is a load of rubbish. Even if I was part of the EDL, which I'm certainly not, it should not have affected my job."
She said she attended with her mixed race husband, who is a former serviceman, to show solidarity with the bombing victims, not to support far-right extremism.
"I thought it was for the children and so I went," she added.
The march was criticised at the time by Greater Manchester Mayor Andy Burnham who tweeted: "These EDL-types who came today need to have a look at themselves."
In a letter to the school, Mohammed Fyaz, one of the march's organisers, wrote "the event in question was not organised by or linked to the EDL in any way".
He added: "In the democracy in which we live political, religious and moral issues should be allowed to be discussed, questioned and at times challenged freely, without fear of persecution or discrimination."
It is understood a suspension in such circumstances is a "neutral" act and will allow the school to investigate footage from the march featuring Mrs Booth.


Facebook has confirmed that it is in the early stages of testing a wi-fi service with Indian internet service providers (ISPs).

Express Wi-fi allows users to purchase data from local providers in order to access the web.
A pilot version with a state-run telecoms company has already been offered at 125 rural wi-fi hotspots.
In a statement, Facebook said the tests were being carried out with "multiple local ISP partners".
Facebook is probably hoping that users who first encounter the web via a Facebook initiative will be more likely to become users of the social network - rather than a competitor - according to Ian Fogg, an analyst at IHS Technology.
"In emerging economies, Facebook is pursuing an intervention strategy to increase the pace of internet and online usage because this will also raise the addressable market for Facebook," he told the BBC.
Earlier this year, Facebook's Free Basics internet service app was blocked by India's telecoms regulator.
A ruling in favour of net neutrality put a stop to the plans, which would have offered free access to a select number of websites only.


Manxman Mark Cavendish secured his fourth win of this year's Tour de France, and 19th overall, with a well-timed sprint at the end of stage 15.

Quick Step rider Niki Terpstra had a 12-second lead with 5km remaining but he was soon swallowed by the peloton before the HTC team put Cavendish in a position to attack in the final 200m.
He now has a 37-point lead over Jose Joaquin Rojas in the points standings, while Frenchman Thomas Voeckler retains the race leader's yellow jersey.
The other overall leading positions remained the same, with a gap of one minute and 49 seconds separating Voeckler and second-placed Frank Schleck of Leopard-Trek with Cadel Evans of BMC, 2:06 behind the leader.
But once again, Cavendish and his team HTC-Highroad grabbed the headlines.
Eddy Merckx (Bel) 34
Bernard Hinault (Fr) 28
Andre Leducq (Fr) 25
Lance Armstrong (US) 22
Andre Darrigade (Fr) 22
Nicolas Frantz (Lux) 20
Francois Faber (Lux) 19
Mark Cavendish (GB) 19
*individual stage wins
The 26-year-old's victory on the 193-km stage from Limoux to Montpellier was his 19th Tour success in four years.
The win took him to equal seventh on the all-time list of stage winners, alongside Francois Faber, with the only other entrant above him from the last 25 years the seven-time Tour winner Lance Armstrong, who won 22 stages between 1993 and 2005.
Cavendish is also on course to take the green jersey for the first time in his career. He took 10 points in the intermediate sprint which took place with 46.5km of the stage remaining. Rojas claimed nine points and Philippe Gilbert, 71 points behind in the race for green, took eight.
"In the first half we worked with Europcar then in the second half we worked on our own," said Cavendish.
"The fact we got through yesterday makes it even more gratifying to win here. It was a difficult and technical finish today. The guys kept together. They're an incredible group, I'm so so proud of them."
2011 - Four (after stage 15)
2010 - Five
2009 - Six
2008 - Four
Earlier, Katusha's Mikhail Ignatiev was part of a five-man breakaway group before he broke from that party with 22km remaining and with Quick Step's Niki Terpstra for support.
Ignatiev was caught with 5km to go leaving Terpstra as the lone man before he was reeled back by a combination of HTC and Garmin-Cervelo and the lead huntsmen of the the chasing pack.
Gilbert, FDJ's Anthony Roux and Vacansoleil's Marco Marcato made a break with 3km remaining but their efforts were in vain as the peloton caught the trio and prepared for the frantic finish.
With 200m to go, Cavendish was guided to the front by team-mate Mark Renshaw before taking the inside and sprinting home ahead of American Tyler Farrar and Italian Alessandro Petacchi.
STAGE 15 RESULT
1. Mark Cavendish (GB/HTC-Highroad) 4hrs 20mins 24secs"
2. Tyler Farrar (US/Garmin)                     same time
3. Alessandro Petacchi (Ita/Lampre)
4. Daniel Oss (Ita/Liquigas)
5. Jose Joaquin Rojas (Spa/Movistar)
6. Ben Swift (GB/Team Sky)
7. Gerald Ciolek (Ger/Quick-Step)
8. Tony Gallopin (Fra/Cofidis)
9. Francisco Ventoso (Spa/Movistar)
10. Sebastien Hinault (Fra/AG2R)
OVERALL STANDINGS
1. Thomas Voeckler (France/Europcar)   65 hrs 24 mins 34 secs
2. Fraenk Schleck (Luxembourg / Leopard) +1:49"
3. Cadel Evans (Australia / BMC Racing)  +2:06"
4. Andy Schleck (Luxembourg / Leopard)   +2:15"
5. Ivan Basso (Italy / Liquigas)         +3:16"
6. Samuel Sanchez (Spain / Euskaltel)    +3:44"
7. Alberto Contador (Spain / Saxo Bank)  +4:00"
8. Damiano Cunego (Italy / Lampre)       +4:01"
9. Tom Danielson (U.S. / Garmin)         +5:46"
10. Kevin De Weert (Belgium / Quick-Step) +6:18"


The father of a man who died at Michael Barrymore's home has welcomed the ex-TV presenter's decision to sue police.

Stuart Lubbock, 31, was found dead in the pool at Mr Barrymore's former home in Roydon, Essex, in 2001.
The former star, who was questioned but not charged, is taking action against Essex Police for damages to his reputation and career.
Mr Lubbock's father Terry said the legal action was a "gigantic opportunity" to expose the truth.
He has campaigned to find out how his son died and had 36 complaints and allegations upheld by an Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) inquiry.
Post-mortem tests found Mr Lubbock had suffered severe internal injuries indicating sexual assault and his bloodstream contained ecstasy, cocaine and alcohol.
No-one has been charged over his death.
"I do feel that it's my chance now to speak out and say the whole thing was covered up or... the police didn't do their job properly at the start," Mr Lubbock told the BBC.
Essex Police said: "The IPCC considered the investigation generally competent and well considered.
"The report released in 2009 made a number of recommendations which were accepted and acted upon at the time.
"As civil proceedings are currently on-going it would be inappropriate for Essex Police to comment further."
Mr Barrymore's solicitors declined to comment.
The IPCC found while there were failings in Essex Police's handling of the case it was "not borne out" that "the entire investigation was incompetent".
The commission upheld a number of the Lubbock family's complaints, including that the scene was not effectively preserved by police, that unauthorised people were allowed to stay at the scene and that the investigation was suspended prematurely.


Six people have now been confirmed dead after a four-storey apartment building collapsed on the popular Spanish island of Tenerife.

The victims, four women and two men, are yet to be identified. Another person remains missing, local authorities said.
Three people were injured in Thursday's collapse in Los Cristianos.
It is not known yet what caused it but residents said they heard a large explosion shortly before the incident.
Among the dead are two Spaniards, two Italians, one Moroccan and one Finnish national, according to the EFE news agency,
Tenerife is the largest of Spain's Canary Islands and is a big draw for British holidaymakers.


Newport County clawed their way to within just three points of safety in League Two with five games to go as they beat play-off chasing Exeter City.

After a delayed start due to heavy traffic before kick-off, Exeter came close to taking the lead when Joe Day saved David Wheeler header.
The visitors took the lead when Tom Owen-Evans fired in from long-range.
Alex Samuel could have doubled their lead with an ambitious shot two minutes later but shot just over the bar.
Hartlepool's draw with Morecambe and Cheltenham's draw away at Wycombe means the Exiles reduce their five-point deficit from safety to just three with victory.
Match ends, Exeter City 0, Newport County 1.
Second Half ends, Exeter City 0, Newport County 1.
Attempt saved. Troy Brown (Exeter City) header from the centre of the box is saved in the top left corner.
Substitution, Newport County. Jennison Myrie-Williams replaces Alex Samuel.
Corner,  Exeter City. Conceded by Mark O'Brien.
Darren Jones (Newport County) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Matt Oakley (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Darren Jones (Newport County).
Pierce Sweeney (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Aaron Williams (Newport County).
Substitution, Newport County. Darren Jones replaces Mark Randall.
Attempt blocked. Reuben Reid (Exeter City) right footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked.
Foul by Reuben Reid (Exeter City).
Tom Owen-Evans (Newport County) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Corner,  Exeter City. Conceded by David Pipe.
Mark Randall (Newport County) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Jake Taylor (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Mark Randall (Newport County).
David Pipe (Newport County) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by David Wheeler (Exeter City).
Attempt saved. Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Pierce Sweeney (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Aaron Williams (Newport County).
Substitution, Exeter City. Matt Oakley replaces Lloyd James.
Foul by Lloyd James (Exeter City).
Tom Owen-Evans (Newport County) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Substitution, Newport County. Aaron Williams replaces Ryan Bird.
Attempt missed. Jake Taylor (Exeter City) right footed shot from outside the box is too high.
Attempt missed. Alex Samuel (Newport County) right footed shot from outside the box is just a bit too high.
Attempt saved. Dan Butler (Newport County) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Substitution, Exeter City. Ollie Watkins replaces Jordan Tillson.
Goal!  Exeter City 0, Newport County 1. Tom Owen-Evans (Newport County) left footed shot from outside the box to the bottom left corner.
Attempt missed. Mitch Rose (Newport County) right footed shot from more than 35 yards misses to the left.
Attempt missed. Ryan Bird (Newport County) right footed shot from the centre of the box is too high.
Foul by David Wheeler (Exeter City).
Mickey Demetriou (Newport County) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Reuben Reid (Exeter City).
Mark Randall (Newport County) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Newport County. Conceded by Luke Croll.
Attempt missed. Tom Owen-Evans (Newport County) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left.


Real Madrid backed "exemplary" club member Rafael Nadal after the tennis star was accused by a former French minister of failing a drugs test.

Ex-French Minister for Health and Sport Roselyne Bachelot said Nadal's seven-month absence in 2012 was "probably due to a positive doping test".
Nadal, 29, has denied ever doping and the Spanish Olympic Committee said he had passed "countless doping tests".
Real Madrid have defended Nadal from "the attacks made on his person".
A club statement said: "Rafa Nadal represents the fundamental values of sport.
"His greatness and his incredible achievements have always been based upon a foundation of exemplary conduct, unwavering work, talent and astonishing levels of commitment.
"This being the case, our institution considers the attacks made on his person by former minister Roselyne Bachelot to be unjustifiable and unacceptable."
Real Madrid coach Zinedine Zidane added: "I feel bad for Rafa Nadal because he is a gentleman, a person that has shown the values he has and that everyone loves.
"He is a professional and I know him a little. I feel bad for what they have said.
"He has to leave all this to one side and think that everyone who loves sport, loves Rafa Nadal, whether they be French, Spanish or American."
Nadal, who has won 14 Grand Slam titles, was out for seven months from July 2012 with tendinitis and then a stomach virus.
The Spaniard was asked on Wednesday about the subject of doping, in the light of Maria Sharapova's admission last week of a failed test.
"I am a completely clean guy," said the former world number one. "I have never had the temptation of doing something wrong."


Michael van Gerwen bounced back from his record-ending loss to Raymond van Barneveld last time out with a convincing win in the Premier League.

The world number one, who lost for the first time in 45 televised matches in Manchester on 23 March, thrashed Dave Chisnall 7-1 to stay top of the table.
Fellow Dutchman Van Barneveld won his fourth straight game, overcoming an unhappy James Wade 7-2 in Cardiff.
There were also wins for Phil Taylor, Gary Anderson and Peter Wright.
Second-placed Wright was awarded a 7-0 victory over Kim Huybrechts after the Belgian withdrew for family reasons.
Huybrechts, 31, already out of the competition, is spending time with his terminally-ill mother.
The 10-man field was cut to eight players after the ninth round of fixtures in the Welsh capital, with eliminated Jelle Klaasen losing to Taylor.
Two-time Premier League champion Anderson was in superb form in his 7-3 victory over Adrian Lewis, landing a 170 finish and averaging 107.
The eight remaining players will carry their points forward and face each other once more, with the top four in the table after 16 games competing in the play-offs at London's O2 Arena on 18 May.
Peter Wright (Sco) 7-0 Kim Huybrechts (Bel)
*Huybrechts withdrew, Wright awarded 7-0 win
Phil Taylor (Eng) 7-5 Jelle Klaasen (Ned)
Gary Anderson (Sco) 7-3 Adrian Lewis (Eng)
Raymond van Barneveld (Ned) 7-2 James Wade (Eng)
Michael van Gerwen (Ned) 7-1 Dave Chisnall (Eng)


Formula 1 bosses have agreed a set of rules until 2020 aimed at reducing the cost of engines and ensuring their performance converges.

The move follows months of talks in the wake of concerns about the expense, complexity and sound of the hybrid engines, and Mercedes' dominance of F1.
Costs for customer teams will reduce by €1m in 2017 and a further €3m in 2018.
And the four manufacturers have agreed a package of measures aimed at bringing engines' performance closer together.
Governing body the FIA has agreed to guarantee the stability of the regulations until 2020 and to maintain the existing governance structure of F1.
This removes the threat made last October by FIA president Jean Todt and F1 commercial boss Bernie Ecclestone to introduce a cheaper alternative engine to run alongside the turbo hybrids under an equivalency formula.
Ways in which F1 hopes to ensure the convergence of performance across the four suppliers include the removal of restrictions on development and constraints on the weights, dimensions and materials of various parts of the engines.
In addition, restrictions on turbo-boost pressure will be introduced in 2017 and 2018.
To further ensure cost reduction for customer teams, who have complained the engines are too expensive, the number of engines a driver can use each season will be progressively reduced over the next two years.
Customer teams currently pay in the region of €18-23m a year for a supply.
Manufacturers have agreed to ensure all teams have an engine, following the controversy surrounding Red Bull last season when the former champions tried and failed to dump Renault for an alternative supplier.
If a team finds itself without an engine in the future, an "obligation to supply" will be triggered. Details have not been released.
However, the measure is largely academic as, according to senior sources, Renault's contract with F1 includes an obligation to supply a team other than its factory outfit if asked.
Red Bull is without an engine contract for next season, but this clause - in addition to the reluctance of the other three manufacturers to supply them - is likely to ensure they stay with Renault.
Finally, the four manufacturers - Mercedes, Ferrari, Renault and Honda - are researching ways to improve the sound of the engines, which has been criticised for being too quiet and flat compared to previous generations of F1 engines.
These will be implemented by 2018 at the latest, the FIA said.
The engine rule changes are in addition to wholesale design changes for the cars aimed at making them faster and more dramatic.
The cars will be widened from 1800mm to 2000mm, with wider bodywork, tyres and front and rear wings, and more downforce created from the underfloor than this year.
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Police in Hungary have been accused of victim blaming after releasing rape prevention advice that warns women of the risks of flirting.

They had already faced heavy criticism for a rape awareness film that seemed to partly blame the victim.
Safety advice from Vas county police on Tuesday said that flirting by young women could "elicit violence."
Women's groups and civil rights organisations have condemned the statement.
The safety advice was published to mark the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women.
Reka Safrany, of the Hungarian Women's Lobby, said she was shocked by the "unprofessional" campaigns that "very much blame the victims".
The incident comes four days after Hungarian police were heavily criticised for releasing a public safety film with the slogan: "You can do something about it, you can do something against it."
The film features a group of young women drinking and dancing with men at a nightclub after which one of them is sexually assaulted by a stranger.
The video was called "harmful and dangerous" by Keret, a group of Hungarian women's rights organisations, in a statement (in Hungarian) published on social media on Monday.
"It's not clothes that cause victims," the statement said.
The group urged the police to take down the film and to change the angle of its safety campaigns.


Orkney and Shetland are the best two places to raise children in Britain, according to an annual survey.

The Western Isles came third nationally in the 2015 Bank of Scotland Children's Quality of Life Survey.
Orkney's top spot was based on low primary school class sizes, high school spending per pupil, low population density and little traffic.
In Scottish terms, Highland ranked fourth, with Aberdeenshire fifth.
Children in the highest rated places were are also said to be likely to be surrounded by adults who were in employment and who rated their own personal well-being highly.
The survey said Orkney had one of the lowest population densities in Britain, with just 22 people per square km compared to the national average of 274.
Both the average primary school class size and pupil-to-teacher ratio in secondary schools were amongst the lowest in Britain.
An average school spend of Â£9,000 per pupil was one of the highest in the survey - almost twice the national average of Â£4,560.
However, in terms of children who enjoy playing online games, it was noted 56% of households had access to fast broadband, significantly below the national average of 86%.
The Western Isles had the lowest average primary school class size in Britain - a figure of 17.4. Bank of Scotland economist Nitesh Patel said: "The north of Scotland has always done well when we've looked at Quality of Life indexes.
"So it's no surprise that Orkney, the Shetland Islands and Western Isles are the top three across both Scotland and Great Britain.
"Children in these areas benefit from low primary school class sizes, low pupil-to-teacher ratio in secondary schools, excellent exam results and some of the highest school spend per pupil."


Comedians and friends have paid tribute to the "amazing" contribution to British TV of Dad's Army creator Jimmy Perry, who has died at the age of 93.

Perry's agent Tim Hancock said the writer, who was also behind Hi-de-Hi! and You Rang M'Lord?, had died at his home on Sunday after a short illness.
He said he had "never met anyone... with as big a heart as Jimmy".
Ian Lavender, who played Private Pike in Dad's Army, said Perry's death was "the end of an era".
Speaking to BBC Breakfast, Hi-de-Hi! actress Ruth Madoc said: "He was my great, great friend... he will be sorely missed.
"He understood comedy, and the comedy that he produced and wrote will stand the test of time. Lots of generations to come will love it still."
Shane Allen, BBC controller of comedy commissioning, said Perry's shows would be remembered for many years to come.
He said: "Jimmy Perry is a Goliath of British comedy writing. He was behind some of the longest running and most loved sitcoms on British television spanning the 60s, 70s and 80s."
In a tweet, comic Jack Dee said: "RIP Jimmy Perry. Amazing contribution to British telly. Watched Dad's Army only yesterday. Still as funny as when I watched it as a kid."
Simply Red singer Mick Hucknall and comedian Miranda Hart were among the other stars to take to Twitter to pay their respects to Perry.
In his writing, Perry drew upon his own experiences of being in the Home Guard during World War Two and as a Redcoat at Butlin's holiday camp.
Perry devised Dad's Army alongside producer David Croft and the pair also went on to create It Ain't Half Hot Mum, about an Army entertainment troupe during the war.
Dad's Army ran from 1968 for 80 episodes over nine years and the character Private Pike was based on Perry himself.
"He has been a part of my life for such a long time, half of an amazing partnership," Ian Lavender added.
Roy Gould, who worked as a production manager on Hi-de-Hi and You Rang M'Lord? said Perry was meticulous in his attention to detail.
"Jim always researched the material very, very, very well. In rehearsal and on location, Jim would have the script in his hand and make sure that everything was going absolutely right. He never left anything to chance," he told the BBC.
'Allo 'Allo! actress Vicki Michelle tweeted a photograph of herself with Perry, and wrote: "So sad we have lost #JimmyPerry a brilliant comedy writer & true gentleman. He leaves us such a legacy."
Perry also wrote some of his theme tunes, penning Holiday Rock for Hi-de-Hi! and winning an Ivor Novello Award in 1971 for the Dad's Army theme Who Do You Think You Are Kidding Mr Hitler?


Police want to speak to a driver who may have been overtaken by a car just before a fatal crash in Lancashire.

Aftal Azram, 43, from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, died in the crash outside the Holden Arms pub, in Haslingden, at about 2230 BST on 27 May.
His black BMW crossed onto the other side of the road and was in collision with a silver Ford Mondeo estate.
Detectives want to speak to the driver of a black hatchback who was also travelling on Grane Road at the time.
Police said the man driving was possibly overtaken by the BMW before the crash happened.
He stopped at the scene and spoke with a number of other witnesses before driving down Holcombe Road.
Sgt Mick Young, from the road policing unit, said: "If this was you then please come forward. I'm also keen to speak with any other witnesses at the scene who may have spoken with this man.
"Just to be clear, we simply think this man could provide us with important information about the circumstances of the collision."
The driver of the Mondeo, a 50-year-old man from Suffolk, was treated in hospital for a fractured collarbone after the crash.
A 44-year-old woman passenger in his car was treated for a bleed on the kidneys, and a three-year-old child, who was also in the car, was unhurt.


Feelings have been high and opinions have been divided about the Welsh Assembly Government's plans to cull around 1,500 badgers in south-west Wales.

Many farmers and some people living in rural communities backed the pilot cull in north Pembrokeshire, saying action was needed to stop diseased cattle being killed.
But others questioned the cull's effectiveness, saying it had not yet been scientifically proven that badgers are implicated in the transmission of TB within cattle.
After the the appeal court halted the cull, its supporters and opponents gave their reactions:
The campaign group said the proposed cull was "hugely unpopular in north Pembrokeshire", had divided communities and had affected tourism.
"The science does not support culling as TB actually increases in badgers as their social structure is disrupted. The costs of a badger cull far outweigh any small benefits," it said.
"With injectable badger vaccine available and licensed this is now a very attractive and more acceptable alternative for reducing TB in Badgers.
"We know vaccination works and as infected badgers die out the Welsh Assembly Government's own models suggest vaccination can deliver similar results to culling, without the disadvantages and at lower cost."
Sarah Kessell, chief executive of the Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales, said: "Research has repeatedly shown that the costs [of the cull] far outweigh the benefits and that culling badgers could make the situation worse.
"Responses we have received show that the cull is also deeply unpopular amongst the general public and some landowners.
"It is also an unjustifiable cost in these times of financial austerity."
David Williams, Chairman of the Badger Trust, said: "Although some farmers may see this judgement as a setback, the massive body of rigorously peer-reviewed literature shows that killing badgers can play no meaningful part in the eradication of bovine TB and that robust cattle measures are sufficient."
"Trials of a new badger vaccine are already under way in England and the minister should look at this method of control as a matter of urgency," he said.
"I will be urging her (Rural Affairs Minister Elin Jones) to initiate her own vaccination trial in the former-cull area alongside the cattle control measures she has already announced."
The animal welfare charity said: "We do not believe that the science justifies it and we believe that vaccination, increased levels of testing, improved bio security and stricter controls on the movement of cattle are more sustainable and effective ways of reducing the incidence of bovine TB in cattle."
The first minister said the assembly government was looking at the ruling and the defeat in the courts did not reflect poorly on Rural Affairs Minister Elin Jones.
"It's important that we deal with TB in Wales because it's a problem that is growing," he said.
"We will look at the judgment and we will decide how best to proceed. We will consider the implications of the judgment, but what's absolutely clear is that we cannot allow a situation to persist where TB increases year on year in Wales."
The farmer's union said the decision to stop the cull was a "bitterly disappointing set-back".
Stephen James, NFU Cymru's deputy president, said: "64% of herds in the Intensive Action Pilot Area (IAPA) have had bovine TB in the last six years and in the absence of an integrated approach to TB eradication this number will only increase.
"That means this insidious disease will continue to spread through the badger population; it will continue to wreck the lives of a growing number of farming families; more cattle and calves will be destroyed as a consequence of our failure to tackle the problem in its totality and more businesses will be ruined."
The Farmers' Union of Wales described it as a "bitterly disappointing outcome".
"The focus must now be on looking at the judgement and drafting a further order so that moves to address the problem in badgers can go ahead," said the union's TB spokesman Brian Walters.
"Farmers are doing their bit to control this disease, yet the court has decided that the most significant obstacle to controlling this disease, namely an highly infected badger population, cannot be addressed until further consideration of the facts is undertaken by the assembly's rural affairs minister."
"It is important that we recognise fully just how hard TB is hitting our farming industry, our rural communities and the Wales public finances generally," she said.
"We're talking about tens of millions of pounds being paid in compensation every year because of this disease that has been allowed to rage unchallenged for far too long."
Professor Bill Reilly, president of the BVA, said: "Whilst we are deeply disappointed with this judgement it is important to note that the Court of Appeal decision is based on the way the Welsh Assembly Government came to its decision and not on the scientific evidence."
Neil Blake, Chair of the BCVA TB Group, said: "It is important that the assembly government, after consideration of the reasoning for the judgement made, continues to pursue the strategy of this broad, multi-faceted approach to bovine TB; one that should include the option of additional controls of infection in the badger population."


The X Factor is to stay on ITV for at least the next three years, despite declining viewing figures and the arrival of The Voice to the channel.

The X Factor's 13th series began in August with 8.5 million viewers - four million fewer than 2010's launch show.
The Voice will move from the BBC to ITV next year, also on a three-year deal.
But the broadcaster has agreed a deal with Simon Cowell for both The X Factor and Britain's Got Talent to continue on ITV until at least 2019.
Cowell said: "I want to thank ITV for continuing to be fantastic partners. I'm delighted for the shows and, in particular, for all the talented people who work on them with us."
Cowell may not appear as a judge on both programmes, though - under the new deal he is only committed to judging one of the two series per year.
ITV is currently negotiating with Ant and Dec to remain as hosts of Britain's Got Talent for the next three years. Dermot O'Leary's current contract means he will keep presenting The X Factor until at least 2019.
ITV's director of television Kevin Lygo said Britain's Got Talent and The X Factor were both "big, brilliant, wonderful shows" that would form "an important part of our schedule" for the next three years.
"They are defining shows for us, ones that we are very proud to have as part of our entertainment slate, and they continue year after year, for months at a time, to be amongst the most popular and hugely entertaining formats on television," he said.


A floating offshore wind farm will be installed in the North Sea off the coast of Peterhead after the Scottish government gave it consent.

Norwegian energy firm Statoil has been granted a licence for the pilot scheme of five turbines.
They will be attached to the seabed by a three-point mooring spread and anchoring system, making them easy to install in deep water.
It is expected that the Hywind project could power up to 19,900 homes.
The turbines will transport electricity via an export cable from the pilot park to the shore at Peterhead in Aberdeenshire just over 15 miles (25km) away.
The pilot project is designed to demonstrate the technology on a commercial scale, according to Statoil.
Construction is planned to start as early as next year with final commissioning in 2017, according the company.
Currently offshore wind turbines are rigidly attached to the seabed which makes them difficult and expensive to install in deep water.
The Carbon Trust believes that floating wind concepts have the potential to reduce generating costs to below Â£100/MWh in commercial deployments, with the leading concepts such as Hywind producing even lower costs of Â£85-Â£95MWh.
Deputy First Minister John Swinney described Hywind as a "hugely exciting project in terms of electricity generation and technology innovation".
He said: "It's a real testament to our energy sector expertise and skilled workforce that Statoil chose Scotland for the world's largest floating wind farm.
"The momentum is building around the potential for floating offshore wind technology to unlock deeper water sites.
"The ability to leverage existing infrastructure and supply chain capabilities from the offshore oil and gas industry creates the ideal conditions to position Scotland as a world leader in floating wind technology."
Statoil's executive vice president for New Energy Solutions, Irene Rummelhoff, said floating wind technology represented "a new, significant and increasingly competitive renewable energy source".
She added: "Statoil's objective with developing this pilot park is to demonstrate a commercial, utility-scale floating wind solution, to further increase the global market potential.
"We are proud to develop this unique project in Scotland, in a region that has optimal wind conditions, a strong supply chain within oil and gas and supportive public policies."
WWF Scotland director Lang Banks welcomed the granting of the licence.
He said: "Successfully developing floating turbines could enable Scotland to secure even more clean energy from offshore wind in the future.
"With the right political support for offshore wind and other renewable technologies, Scotland is well placed to become the EU's first renewable electricity nation by 2030."


A tax cheat who fled to Spain before returning home to watch his beloved Everton play was arrested at the stadium turnstiles, a court has heard.

Damian O'Hagan, 60, of Homestall Road in Norris Green, Liverpool, was jailed for 18 months after admitting VAT fraud at Liverpool Crown Court.
Checks by HM Revenue and Customs found O'Hagan had kept more than £90,000 of VAT which he had charged a client.
O'Hagan attempted to cover up his crime by trying to become VAT-registered.
The director of Foodservice Interim Management Limited, who owed £91,761 in VAT, moved to Benidorm in January 2015 to run a bar but could not resist the lure of the Toffees.
He was arrested as he tried to enter Goodison Park ahead of Everton's 2-0 defeat against Manchester City on 23 August 2015.
Sandra Smith, assistant director of the HMRC's fraud investigation service, said: "O'Hagan knew his business transactions were under scrutiny and the game was up. This was one match he wasn't going to win.
"He chose to pocket the VAT he had collected from his client at the expense of UK taxpayers and because of his dishonesty he has been jailed."
O'Hagan also faces a full confiscation hearing to recover the VAT.


The Duchess of Cambridge has recorded a video message in support of the first ever Children's Mental Health Week.

She says that stigma around mental health means that many children do not get the help they need.
The duchess recorded the message for the Place2Be charity, which is organising the mental health week.
Kensington Palace said she was a "committed champion of issues related to children's mental health and emotional wellbeing".
Place2Be, of which the duchess is a patron, provides emotional help and support in schools and is organising the first ever Children's Mental Health Week.
In the message, Kate says that both she and the Duke of Cambridge have seen how many children struggle to cope with issues such as bullying, bereavement and family breakdown, which can lead to depression, anxiety, addiction and self-harm.
"Through Place2Be I have seen the benefits of offering children support for their mental health in the safety of the school environment," says Kate, who has been royal patron of the charity since 2013.
"Both William and I sincerely believe that early action can prevent problems in childhood from turning into larger ones later in life."
The video was recorded at Bethlem and Maudsley Hospital School in Beckenham, south London, to launch the week-long campaign by the charity.
A Kensington Palace spokesman said: "Her Royal Highness has seen that issues such as addiction, poverty, abuse, neglect, loss and illness of family members, can have a long-lasting and traumatic impact if left unsupported.
"The Duchess of Cambridge is especially concerned with early intervention mental health support for young people, to tackle these issues at the earliest possible stage, so that children have the brightest possible futures, as they deserve."
Catherine Roche, chief executive of Place2Be, said: "We're thrilled to have the support of our royal patron, HRH The Duchess of Cambridge, for this important new campaign.
"By raising awareness of the benefits of getting support early for mental health issues, we hope to change attitudes and help reduce the risk of more complex and serious problems when those children reach adulthood."


Britain's Crown dependencies have written to David Cameron requesting a seat at Brexit negotiations despite already being outside the EU.

The chief ministers of Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man said the islands had a "direct interest" in the UK's withdrawal because it would affect their trade arrangements with the EU.
People in the Crown dependencies were not eligible to vote in the referendum.
Mr Cameron told the House of Commons on Monday the islands would be consulted.
In the open letter published on Tuesday the leaders of the Crown dependencies said they wished to "retain the status quo" regarding their relationship with the EU, in particular concerning their Protocol 3 deal.
Protocol 3 - the section of the UK Treaty of Accession relating to the Crown dependencies - currently allows the islands to have free trade of goods with the EU but will be nullified when the UK formally leaves the union.
Decisions concerning rights for EU nationals were also "of particular relevance" to the Crown dependencies because they "are home to a significant number of non-British EU nationals and residents that have EU rights through their connection to the UK", the letter said.
The leaders asked the prime minister to confirm that the islands would be "kept informed on matters of interest to us" and to be allowed to contribute to negotiations "where appropriate".
However, the chief ministers stressed their "closest relationship is with the UK" and they understood that Brexit would not prevent free trade and free movement of people between their jurisdictions.
The BBC has approached the prime minister's office for comment.


A decision on whether to keep road tolls on a Pembrokeshire bridge is set to be made next month.

The Cleddau Bridge - which costs 75p per car to cross between Pembroke Dock and Neyland - has a surplus of more than £11m.
On Wednesday, many councillors backed reducing the tolls but others claimed abolishing them would mean £2m less to spend on roads and transport each year.
Pembrokeshire council will make a formal decision at a meeting on 12 May.
There are four options to consider; to keep tolls as they are, abolish them, raise them or reduce them.
The way the council manages the tolls has previously been brought under review after a complaint to the Wales Audit Office.


A 103-year-old seaside tourist attraction is to be restored and reopened thanks to a £3.7m Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF) grant.

In its hey-day Spanish City, with its distinctive white dome, attracted thousands of visitors to Whitley Bay each year.
But it fell into disrepair in the 1990s and shut to the public in 2000.
Grade II-listed Spanish City and the Whitley Bay Pleasure Gardens opened in 1910.
A 60-bed hotel, a care home, 20 apartments and 24 town houses are also planned in a bid to help regenerate the area, the council said.
Ivor Crowther, Head of HLF North East, said: "This iconic building holds an incredibly special place in the hearts of all of us who live in the North East and beyond."
The grant would "unlock the potential of Spanish City", in the hope of encouraging private investment and wider regeneration.


Jennifer Makune lives in Kabaale village not far from the shores of Lake Albert, one of the most visually stunning parts of Uganda.

The rolling hills and acres of lush green vegetation make it an awe-inspiring landscape.
Ms Makune's home, which is about 15 miles (24km) from the lake, is a thatched mud hut, where she lives with her five children.
Like thousands of other small farmers, she makes her living from farming her land, which is a 20-minute walk from her house.
But all of this is about to change because below the ground there is another treasure trove - oil.
This discovery is set to transform the lives of the people here - for better or worse.
The ministry of energy plans to build a refinery to process some of the oil Uganda will produce.
It has demarcated 29 square kilometres - the size of 3,500 football pitches - for the project, which will also include an airstrip, shopping malls and apartments.
Ms Makune's land is part of the earmarked area.
Altogether nearly 8,000 people will be evicted from their homes and farms to make way for the refinery.
Some will be relocated whilst others will be compensated.
The biggest concern for people like Ms Makune is whether the authorities will adequately compensate them for the property they will lose.
She believes her land is 5 acres (2 hectares) but government surveyors say it is just half that size.
"My land was measured in my absence, it wasn't till later when I realised how much it had been underestimated. When I raised the issue, I was told they could not come back," she says.
Her neighbour agrees that Ms Makune's land was underestimated, saying the boundary was placed well into her farm, giving him a share of her property.
The Petroleum Exploration and Production Department (PEPD), the government body in charge of the refinery project, hopes to complete the first phase by 2015.
It has been holding public dialogue meetings with the people who will be evicted.
The one I attended in Kabaale was held under the shade of a tree protecting everyone from the scorching sun.
It was well attended; most seats were taken whilst others had to stand.
Crude oil:
Refinery:
Sources: Tullow Oil / Uganda's energy ministry
The atmosphere was intense and the local people were very vocal, grilling the PEPD's representatives and local leaders.
But it seemed they were resigned to their eviction and just wanted the best deal they could get, as compensation figures have not yet been set.
Gilbert Rubanga says the government should be more open in its dealings with the communities.
"My land is very productive but now I'm going to lose it by force. Because if the government says it wants your land, whether you like it or not, it is the government," he says.
"Land is not like bananas which you buy from the supermarket. It's something very important in this world.
"But before they have these meetings, they first sit in town; they discuss all the matters in town. Yet those who are affected - we are here."
A lot of people raised questions about whether the surveys were accurate.
PEPD communications manager Bashir Hangi believes the people in the area are getting their measurements wrong.
"Remember they are using traditional methods of looking at a piece of land and you estimate that this is three acres, this is five acres.
"Now when you bring survey equipment, we get different things because now the equipment we use gives us the exact size of the land.
"Some still don't believe that our tools are giving the right measurement so we're encouraging them to get independent surveyors."
People like Ms Makune who cannot afford such an expense are left at a loss.
She is hoping her neighbour's testimony can convince the authorities to re-measure her land.
The government, however, is adamant that the refinery will be of great benefit to the people of Kabaale village, the surrounding area and country as a whole.
Its key argument is that Uganda cannot simply export raw materials, it needs to add value to the crude by refining it, before shipping it out.
"We are looking at the benefits of the refinery - first of all, it will boost employment," says Mr Hangi.
"There are other industries that go with refining like petrochemicals, which will add to the industrial base of the country.
"Another benefit will be security of petroleum products. Refining in-country will help overcome import bottlenecks.
"And then we will see an increased revenue base for the country.
The refinery may also be able to refine crude from eastern Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania should their oil deposits prove to be commercial, Mr Hangi says.
But the oil companies are not so sure.
For example, Tullow Oil believes the government's plan to create a refinery that processes 120,000 barrels of oil per day (bpd) for sale to regional markets is too ambitious.
This is more than half of the 200,000bpd Uganda is expected to produce when its oil sector is in full gear.
Aidan Heavey, the company's chief executive, is on record as saying that he does not think there will enough demand within East Africa and the Great Lakes region for the petrol produced in Uganda.
He thinks a refinery operating at half that capacity is more viable.
Tullow Oil and its partners in Uganda, Total and China National Offshore Oil Corporation, think a pipeline that moves the oil from the Lake Albert and other fields to the Indian Ocean via Kenya is the best way to get Uganda's crude to market.
Negotiations between the oil companies and government are still ongoing about how the oil refinery and pipeline can co-exist.
Despite these challenges the authorities here are pressing on with the project.
They will soon be looking for companies to help fund the refinery's construction.
Ms Makune welcomed the refinery when she first heard about it, as she thought it would create jobs and new sources of wealth for her and her neighbours.
All compensation is due to be paid by next June, but she believes it will make her poorer and she still does not know how she will make a living after her farm has been taken.


A man has pleaded not guilty to the manslaughter of an off-duty prison officer early on Christmas Day.

Nick Medlin, 57, died from a head injury outside a pub in Pier Street, Ventnor, Isle of Wight, during a night out.
Michael Hudson, 32, from the Nottingham area but of no fixed address, appeared at Winchester Crown Court.
He was remanded in custody ahead of a trial, scheduled to last two weeks from 26 June.
Mr Medlin, a father-of-two from Ventnor, worked at HMP Parkhurst and played bass in a punk band called Manufactured Romance.


Students involved in anti-social behaviour in Belfast's Holyland area are putting their education and careers at risk, says Queen's University.

More than 150 complaints about the behaviour of students from various institutions have been lodged with Belfast City Council since Monday.
Ulster University and teaching college undergraduates also live in the area.
On Wednesday, the PSNI confirmed its officers gave verbal warnings and on-the-spot fines to almost 100 people.
Permanent residents in the Holyland area said they had been "terrorised" by drunken students "causing mayhem" in the early hours of the morning.
Briege Ruddy from the College Park Residents Association said: "Between 1am and 3am it's complete bedlam - they arrive home drunk, upsetting the whole community, keeping children awake, firing bottles at houses and smashing windscreens.
"We had our wing mirror kicked off last night. When my husband came out to look at it, two guys just laughed at him."
Speaking to the BBC, Queen's spokesperson Ciaran Rogan said any of their students who partake in such behaviour risk expulsion from the university which can, in turn, damage their career prospects.
"Our students sign up to a charter that sets out the standards of behaviour that's expected of them - by enrolling, they undertake to abide by our policies and regulations.
"If they don't, they'll face the consequences and that ranges from fines to expulsion by the university, which can have a long-term impact on their future employability."
In July, residents groups expressed concerns about plans to tackle ongoing problems in the area, saying they did not go far enough.
Alliance Party MLA Paula Bradshaw said statutory agencies should have been much more visible on the ground in recent nights.
"Belfast City Council have an anti-social behaviour unit and a number of wardens who go out to patrol. They can't have failed to see [what was happening] last night and they have a responsibility to get out there and make sure young people aren't drinking on the streets and aren't creating noise pollution," said Ms Bradshaw.
"The Housing Executive have a landlord registration scheme and when they get reports that tenants are not behaving properly, they have the power to go out and investigate and I think that if a few landlords were being struck off the list, they would soon sort out the tenants living there."
Mr Rogan said all agencies and academic institutions need to work in close partnership to resolve the issue.
"We encourage all residents and members of the public, who witness or experience anti-social behaviour to contact the police or the council noise team. These agencies should then inform the relevant university and on receipt of this information, a dedicated community affairs officer will visit the property the next working day to investigate.
"If Queen's students are involved, they're required to meet with their community affairs manager to establish the facts and if it's then passed to a disciplinary officer, a sanction will be imposed, ranging from a fine of up to Â£250 on a first offence that's deemed to be minor anti-social behaviour, to a fine of Â£500 or expulsion for more serious offences."


Organisers of the Big Burns Supper say they have "listened to their audience" by bringing back the Spiegeltent venue to the Dumfries festival next year.

It was dropped this year after being sited next to the town's Loreburn Hall for a number of editions.
It was said at the time the festival had "outgrown" the venue and needed to look at other options.
However, it is now planned to bring it back to the Whitesands car park for the 2018 event from 18 to 28 January.
They also plan to introduce two new "strands" to the event - a comedy festival and a fringe festival.
Tickets for a number of events have already gone on sale with more line-up announcements expected in the coming months.
The comedy festival will take place at the Easterbrook Hall with the fringe festival at smaller venues around the town.
Graham Main, executive producer of the town's Electric Theatre Workshop which runs Big Burns Supper Festival, said the audience had made it "very clear" they wanted the Spiegeltent back.
It will be surrounded by a brand new festival village with additional bars and fringe performance spaces, themed around a "Winter Garden" concept.


Up to a fifth of new cars in the UK are estimated to be "pre-registered" to dealers - potentially skewing sales figures and leaving drivers confused.

These cars are surplus stock sold cheaply to dealers who keep them before selling on to customers at discounts.
Some dealers say pre-registering is "like a drug" used to hit their sales targets, a BBC investigation has found.
An industry body disputes the figures and said the real total was significantly less.
The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) says the system allows dealers to manage stock efficiently.
Pre-registration is legal but unofficial, so it is often referred to in the motor trade as the "secret of the car industry", an investigation by BBC Radio 4's You and Yours has found.
The cars are sold cheaply by suppliers to dealers, who then register them under their own business name.
In effect this means they become the first owners of the cars.
After being kept off the road for 90 days, the cars can then be sold to consumers, typically at discounts of 20% and more.
A key reason there are so many pre-registered cars is that they are often the only way dealers can achieve monthly sales targets set by manufacturers, You and Yours has found.
If dealers miss targets they risk losing monthly bonuses from the manufacturers.
James Baggott, editor of Car Dealer magazine, said that for many, pre-registration was out of control.
"I refer to it as a drug but only because that's how a lot of dealers refer to it themselves," he said.
"Once you are hooked into it, it is very hard to get off it."
One car dealer, who asked to remain anonymous, told the BBC he had become dependent on pre-registering cars as he had such narrow profit margins.
"You need to do it to get the bonuses but the more pre-reg you have the harder it is to shift new cars," he said.
"It's a vicious circle and can create cash flow problems."
44%
of Auto Trader readers did not understand the term
90 days kept off the road
20% typical discount
Up to 100,000 sold in September
But Tamzen Isacsson, of the SMMT which represents the industry, said: "Let's be clear. This is driven by natural business demand and consumer choice.
"Self-registrations enable dealers to manage their stock."
Buying a pre-registered car can be cheaper for drivers, but many do not understand the system and there are also pitfalls - not least that some buyer protection has evaporated.
Some 44% of car buyers did not know what "pre-registered" meant, according to a survey for the BBC by Auto Trader of 1,000 of its readers.
About 55% incorrectly thought the warranty on a pre-registered car would be either the same or longer than for a conventional new vehicle.
"It could be that a pre-registered car has been sat on a retailer's forecourt for six months so that would mean six months of the manufacturers' warranty would have expired," said Jon Quirk, editor-in-chief at Auto Trader.
"Your car won't technically be new because your name won't be the first in the logbook.
"And if you're buying on a leasing deal, you may find that the very best offers are only available on brand new cars."
In response, Ms Isacsson, of the SMMT, said: "It enables consumers who don't want to wait months for a new car to be able to access one immediately and with a very low mileage."
There is also concern that the pre-registration market could skew new car sales figures, as they are not actually on the road.
Motor industry analysts Cap HPI said its research suggested the numbers were growing, and could total as many as 100,000 cars in one month.
In a survey of 200 dealers, 80 predicted that pre-registered vehicles in September would account for 11% to 20% of the new car market. A further 52 expected them to account for 21% or more of the market.
Nigel McMinn, managing director at dealer group Lookers, told You and Yours: "About 10% to 15% of the UK new car market is self registration - speculatively-built cars which need to find a home."
Trade bodies and government agencies do not collect an official record of the number of cars pre-registered by dealers.
James Baggott, editor of Car Dealer magazine, said: "We're constantly talking about how buoyant the car market is.
"But pre-registered cars are inflating the real car market, they are often just sitting in a field somewhere.
"I would say that isn't transparent enough because a number of people use the car industry as a bellwether for the economy."
But Ms Isacsson, of the SMMT, said: "Self-registration is a normal part of a functioning car market."
Listen to the full story on BBC Radio 4's You and Yours at 12:15 BST on Friday


A man has admitted killing his father by attacking him in his Stenhousemuir home with a pair of scissors.

Derek Main stabbed Andrew Main, 57, in the neck before telling a 999 operator that his father had "gone awol" and started hitting himself.
Main, 37, was originally charged with murder but prosecutors accepted his plea of culpable homicide on the basis of diminished responsibility.
He was returned to the State Hospital at Carstairs.
Psychiatrists agreed that his behaviour was substantially impaired because of "abnormality of mind" at the time of the killing.
Main admitted assaulting his father by repeatedly punching, kicking and striking him on the head and body and killing him with a pair of scissors on 7 July, 2014 at Corrie Avenue, Stenhousemuir.
The court heard that prior to the killing, Main had been at his father's home where he was drinking.
Mr Main Sr returned home after a night out in Falkirk town centre.
He later contacted a taxi firm to take him to The Valley, where his son lived.
Eight minutes later a further call was made by the son asking for a taxi or an ambulance to attend.
Advocate depute Angela Gray said: "During that eight-minute window, between the two calls to the taxi company, we can deduce that the fatal attack on the deceased took place."
After the taxi arrived, the driver saw Main had blood on his hands and clothing and told him to get out of the vehicle.
Main then phoned the emergency services asking for an ambulance and told the operator: "My dad's gone awol, he said he didn't want to live so he started hitting himself.
"I think he's dying, can you hurry up, he's dying."
Police arrived at the address and found Mr Main Sr lying on the living room floor, heavily bloodstained, with a stab wound to the neck.
The court heard that after the fatal attack Main was considered to be fit to plead but following further psychiatric assessment it was decided he was not fit for trial last year.
He was sent to the State Hospital at Carstairs and was found to be suffering from psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations and delusions.
Main was returned to Carstairs until his next court appearance.


The former Labour cabinet minister Lord Barnett has died at the age of 91.

Baron Barnett, born Joel Barnett, is most famous for devising the formula that sets public spending in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The Barnett formula was put in place when Lord Barnett was chief secretary to the Treasury in the late 1970s - it was intended to be a temporary fix.
But is has continued to be used - in recent years Lord Barnett said the system was "unfair" and needed reform.
His daughter Erica said he died peacefully at home on Saturday morning, after a short illness.
A written question in the House of Lords on Monday on the subject of the Barnett formula prompted Lords to pay tribute to Lord Barnett, who was described as a "formidable parliamentarian" and "a delight to have as a sparring partner".
Elected as Member of Parliament for Heywood and Royton in 1964, Barnett served in the House of Commons until 1983.
In the Labour governments of 1974-79 he was chief secretary to the Treasury, before moving to serve on, and later chair, the Public Accounts Committee during the 1979-83 parliamentary term.
In 1983, his seat was abolished due to boundary changes, and he was elevated to the House of Lords as Baron Barnett in 1984.
During his tenure in the Lords he served on the European Union Committee, the Economic Affairs Committee, and the Monetary Policy Committee of the Bank of England.
The Barnett formula has become central in political debate in the past few months because of the promise by the three largest Westminster parties that it would continue to set public spending levels in Scotland in the event of a 'No' vote in the independence referendum.
Under the formula, extra funding - or cuts - from Westminster is allocated according to the population size of each nation and which powers are devolved to them.
When the UK government increases or decreases funding for departments such as health and education in England, the Barnett formula is used to decide how much devolved governments will receive.
It is controversial because it often leads to public spending per head being considerably different in different parts of the UK. It has typically been higher in Scotland than in England, for example.
In September, Lord Barnett wrote in the Daily Mail that he "never thought the arrangement would last any longer than a year or two", and described the public spending per head differences as "grossly unfair".
Speaking in a debate in the House of Lords in 2010, he predicted that "if we don't do something about it soon the only people who will benefit from this are the people who want to break up the UK, like the SNP in Scotland".
He said the formula's longevity was "a tribute to the fact that governments of all persuasions don't like to make the major changes that are needed".
His daughter Erica said the discussion of the formula in the Scotland debate was "a great boost" to him, as it allowed him "to say what he had been saying for a long time to anybody who would listen", that he thought the formula was "unfair and undemocratic".
His death was announced by the Labour Party.
Labour leader in the Lords Baroness Royall said: "Joel was an extraordinary individual.
"As an MP, minister and colleague in the House of Lords, to the very end he was diligently holding the Government to account and doing his best to ensure the best for the people of this country."


Olympic champion Usain Bolt danced the samba with a group children on Saturday.

18 August 2014 Last updated at 14:27 BST
The children were from a poor neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Jamaican sprinter was in Brazil for a race, but visited Copacabana Beach to throw some shapes.


Former United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan is to visit Hull.

Born in Ghana, Mr Annan held the post for nine years between 1997 and 2006. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2001.
The diplomat was invited by ex-Deputy Prime Minister Lord Prescott and is due to deliver a lecture at Hull City Hall in September during the annual Freedom Festival.
Lord Prescott said: "I am looking forward to welcoming Mr Annan to Hull."
He added: "His experience with children and young people in conflict areas is world renowned and he will be able to give a valuable insight into his experiences."
More stories from East Yorkshire and north Lincolnshire
Mr Annan is to give a speech at the Wilberforce Lecture, which celebrates the work of Hull-born abolitionist William Wilberforce, who lobbied to ban the slave trade and introduced anti-slavery motions in parliament.
Councillor Andy Dorton, chair of the Wilberforce Lecture Trust, said: "Mr Annan is a prominent figure and the Kofi Annan Foundation seeks to mobilise political will to overcome threats to peace, development and human rights.
"His experience in this important global issue and the messages Mr Annan will share at the lecture will no doubt resonate strongly with the purpose of the Wilberforce Lecture Trust and what we are trying to accomplish."
Previous high-profile speakers include Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Archbishop John Sentamu and Nigerian playwright and poet Wole Soyinka, who won the Novel Prize for Literature in 1986.


The heir to the Greggs bakery business has gone on trial accused of sex offences against boys.

Colin Gregg, 75, is said to have indecently assaulted four boys aged between 10 and 14 over three decades.
Leeds Crown Court heard how Mr Gregg, of Gosforth, Newcastle, who helped build the family business in the 1960s, molested boys at his home, in his car and in a swimming pool.
He denies nine counts of indecent assault.
Paul Greaney QC, prosecuting, told the court Mr Gregg concealed his true nature behind a "veneer of respectability" and despite a life of distinction was "an abuser of children."
The allegations relate to a period when Mr Gregg was a teacher and head teacher, beginning in 1963.
He has dismissed the allegations as "evil lies" motivated by money.
The jury were told of Mr Gregg's time building up the bakery chain into one of the most recognised brands on the high street and of charity work in the north-east of England.
Mr Greaney said: "On the surface Colin Gregg deserves the respect and thanks of our community.
"The prosecution case is that he was an abuser and that during two periods 20 years apart, he engaged in the sexual abuse of boys."
The trial, which is due to last two weeks, continues.


The train drivers' union in Germany has announced a four-day walk-out over pay, which reports say will be the country's longest ever rail strike.

The strike, which starts on Wednesday, was called after talks between national operator Deutsche Bahn and the GDL union broke down on Monday.
GDL wants a 5% pay rise for 20,000 drivers and a shorter working week.
If it goes ahead, it will be the sixth round of industrial action to hit Deutsche Bahn since September.
Millions of passengers were hit during a 50-hour strike in October over the dispute.
In a statement, GDL said the strike would take place from 15:00 local time (14:00 GMT) on Wednesday for freight trains and from 02:00 on Thursday for passenger trains. It would not end until 04:00 on Monday.
A major sticking point in negotiations was the GDL union's demand to negotiate on behalf of other train staff, including conductors and restaurant staff.
According to the Associated Press, Deutsche Bahn said it had offered a raise of 5% over 30 months to the drivers but would not accept pay deals for other employees.
But GDL chairman Claus Weselsky said in a statement that the union's "fundamental right" to negotiate on behalf of its members was "in danger and with it the function of unions as such".
The strikes threaten to bring travel chaos to the capital Berlin and the whole of Germany as it prepares to mark the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall at the weekend.
The train drivers' previous strike hit about two-thirds of the rail network.
Germany's government is expected to produce a draft law later this year aimed at stopping small numbers of employees paralysing large parts of the country's infrastructure through strike action.


Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho has stood by his criticism of club medical staff.

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Dr Eva Carneiro and physio Jon Fearn were criticised by Mourinho after they left his side with nine men against Swansea by treating Eden Hazard.
Carneiro and Fearn will not be on the bench for Sunday's match at Manchester City, but Mourinho has not ruled out their return.
He met with his medical staff on Thursday and says they have a "good relationship".
However, it is understood Carneiro has sought legal advice over the issue.
Manchester City v Chelsea match preview
Carneiro and Fearn tended to Hazard after he was tripped in the final minutes of Saturday's 2-2 draw with the Welsh club, meaning the Belgium forward had to leave the pitch.
It reduced Chelsea to nine men as goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois had already been sent off, and Mourinho afterwards said his medical staff were "impulsive and naive" and did not "understand the game".
Speaking at a news conference on Friday, Mourinho said: "Jon Fearn and Dr Carneiro will not be on the bench. But that doesn't mean they cannot be in the future. It is my decision."
Asked whether he regretted his outburst, Mourinho said he had an "open relationship" with his medical staff that was "open to disagreement".
Mourinho praised his "fantastic" medical department, adding: "They tell me they have never been praised as much as they have done by me in the last couple of years.
"They also told me that we have had disagreements during that period, we need disagreements to improve. We work together and we improve together."
Eamonn Salmon, chief executive of the Football Medical Association - which represents professional medical staff in the sport - backed Carneiro and Fearn while Liverpool's former head of medicine Peter Brukner called for Mourinho to apologise.
Carneiro posted on Facebook thanking people for their support, a move that was criticised by a former Chelsea first team doctor Ralph Rogers.
Mourinho added: "Every week I face a decision about the bench. I have to choose. With the medical department, only two can go on the bench and we have more than a dozen.
"The bench is important for some. For others it is about what they do behind the scenes and for the good of the team."
Mourinho refused to answer any other questions about the incident, telling journalists: "Speak with me about football. Speak about other issues and I am not here."


You could be forgiven for thinking that Russian officials already had enough to worry about, as the Ukraine crisis threatens to flare up again, ties with the West are at their lowest point in years, and the rouble has suffered its biggest plunge in recent history.

But a new enemy has been found haunting Russia in the run-up to 70th anniversary celebrations of the Soviet victory over Nazi Germany: swastikas.
The authorities seem so determined to eliminate even the slightest sign of "Nazi propaganda" that even Art Spiegelman's Pulitzer-winning comic book about a Holocaust survivor, Maus, has disappeared from bookshops. Why? Well, it has a swastika on its cover as part of its anti-fascist message.
"We are removing everything to do with Nazi Germans," a member of staff at a popular bookshop told Ekho Moskvy radio.
Maus is certainly not the only target of the current anti-Nazi campaign.
A few weeks ago, investigators seized toy soldiers in SS uniforms from a central Moscow toy store and launched a criminal case over "inciting national, racial or religious hatred".
The move caused outrage among some commentators, who accused prosecutors of fighting imaginary threats.
"In our Soviet childhood, in a country with a strict communist ideology, there was a whole lot of toy soldiers in fascist uniforms. And it didn't occur to any communist or Young Communist League ideologist that these soldiers promoted Nazism or insulted veterans," wrote Valeriy Yakov, editor-in-chief of the Novyye Izvestiya daily.
He said that prosecutors were busy fighting "myths" but turned a blind eye to the forum of European far-right parties in St Petersburg in March, where Nazi symbols were "openly promoted".
But such criticism does not seem to have deterred investigators and activists.
In a bizarre twist, a batch of women's sandals was recently seized from a shop in the city of Voronezh after activists complained the pattern on them resembled the Luftwaffe chevron.
Elsewhere, organisers of an exhibition featuring wartime Soviet posters in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky decided to cover up swastikas on German uniforms with stickers so as not to insult veterans, while a journalist in Saratov was fined for using a photo of a swastika as part of his anti-fascist collage.
"Fighting against symbols... it's what they do in a lunatic asylum," pro-Kremlin journalist Maxim Shevchenko told Ekho Moskvy.
BBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV, radio, web and print media around the world. You can follow BBC Monitoring on Twitter and Facebook.


Gary Anderson beat 16-time champion Phil Taylor 7-6 in a thrilling final to win his first PDC World Championship.

Taylor fought back from 3-1 and 6-4 down to level at 6-6 at Alexandra Palace in London.
Anderson, 44, won the first leg of the decider and when Taylor missed double 16 in the next, the Scot capitalised to win the £250,000 first prize.
"Phil is the best and always will be the best so that makes it more special,"  said fourth seed Anderson.
"I went 6-4 up and then after the break Phil took the next two sets and I felt it was gone."
A dramatic showdown saw Anderson recover from seeing all three darts drop out of the treble 20 on one visit at 4-4, while Englishman Taylor later missed a double for his first world championship nine-dart finish.
The 54-year-old, nicknamed The Power, missed a total of 55 doubles as he suffered only his fourth defeat in 20 world final appearances.
"Doubles cost me a couple of sets and he took advantage," the second seed told Sky Sports.
"My double eight and 16 were awful but Gary put me under pressure.
"At 6-6 I felt I had him and my energy levels were good, but he did a job on me and he beat me up in the last set."
Anderson became the first Scot to win a world title since Les 'McDanger' Wallace claimed the BDO crown in 1997.
A 121 checkout gave Anderson the first set in the 2015 final before a missed double 10 allowed his opponent to level.
Taylor cheekily tickled his rival under the chin after pulling back and despite losing the next two sets, a run of nine legs out of a possible 10 saw the man from Stoke open up a 4-3 lead.
Anderson missed bullseye for an 85 finish in the next set but Taylor missed double 12 and allowed Anderson to level the match in front of a 3,000 capacity crowd.
In the ninth set, Anderson failed to score on his first visit to the board after his third dart knocked out the previous two which were in treble 20.
Visibly annoyed, he lost the first two legs, but regrouped to win the next three and then opened up a 6-4 lead by taking the following set.
Taylor missed double 12 when almost completing a nine-dart finish at the start of an 11th set he took 3-0, and won the decisive fifth leg in the following set to tie the match at 6-6.
Three missed Taylor double 16s allowed Anderson to win the first two legs in the deciding final set and, although he missed a bullseye for victory, a double 12 completed a remarkable win.


A 73-year-old woman has died after she was hit by a bus in Newport.

A 28-year-old man has been arrested on suspicion of causing death by careless driving and is in custody.
Gwent Police said the incident happened at about 15:05 BST on Friday outside the Queens Hotel on Bridge Street.


An Oscar-nominated make-up artist will receive the Sian Phillips Award at this year's Bafta Cymru Awards ceremony.

Sian Grigg, from Cardiff, is being recognised as someone who has made a significant contribution to international feature filmmaking.
The announcement was made on Thursday ahead of this year's Bafta Cymru Awards, held on 2 October.
Ms Grigg said it was "a huge honour to be considered and so lovely for one of the creative arts to be recognised".
Previous winners of the Sian Phillips award include director Euros Lyn, writer Russell T Davies and actors Michael Sheen, Rhys Ifans and Ruth Jones.
This will be the first time a make-up artist has received it.
Hannah Raybould, director of Bafta Cymru, said the award was to recognise "Sian's talents and her huge contribution to such an array of films".
Ms Grigg, whose credits include Titanic and The Aviator, received an Academy Award nomination for her work on The Revenant.
Star of the film, Leonardo DiCaprio, called Ms Grigg "a genius".
Bafta Cymru said the special award for outstanding contribution to film and television would go to actor Terry Jones, who was born in Colwyn Bay, Conwy.
A spokesman for the writer, director and former star of Monty Python said: "Terry has been diagnosed with primary progressive aphasia, a variant of frontotemporal dementia.
"This illness affects his ability to communicate and he is no longer able to give interviews. Terry is proud and honoured to be recognised in this way and is looking forward to the celebrations."


Extreme weather has been wreaking havoc in the US, where storms and tornadoes have caused major flooding in the states of Oklahoma and Texas.

27 May 2015 Last updated at 08:58 BST
Parts of Houston - the US's fourth biggest city - remain under water.
Thousands of cars have been abandoned on city streets and highways.
Hundreds of residents have been displaced and more than 1,000 homes have been destroyed.
At least 17 people have been killed and dozens injured following record rainfall over the weekend.
More heavy rains are expected over the next few days.


Former Conservative Home Secretary Lord Waddington has died at the age of 87.

The barrister turned politician led the Home Office at the time of the poll tax riots and the Strangeways prison disturbances in the spring of 1990.
On the right of the party, he entered Parliament in a by-election in the 1960s and served as chief whip and other roles under Margaret Thatcher.
After leaving the House of Commons, he served as leader of the House of Lords and latterly as governor of Bermuda.
Prime Minister Theresa May paid tribute to Lord Waddington's "long and distinguished career in public service", saying he would be sadly missed.
"He combined the sharp intelligence of a Queen's Counsel with the wit of a proud Lancastrian," she said.
The Oxford-educated David Waddington served in the army in the 1950s before going into politics and first being elected to Parliament in 1968.
He represented a number of different seats in Lancashire between 1968 and 1974, when he lost his seat, and again between 1979 and 1990.
After rising through the ministerial ranks, he became chief whip - in charge of party discipline - before succeeding Lord Hurd as home secretary in October 1989.
A supporter of capital punishment, he took a tougher line on law and order issues than his predecessor, piloting legislation through the Commons in 1990 to ensure serious criminals served longer sentences.
He stood down after John Major became prime minister in November 1990 and accepted a peerage soon afterwards.
He retired from the House of Lords in 2015.


Robin van Persie praised Netherlands boss Louis van Gaal for masterminding the team's crushing 5-1 win over reigning world champions Spain.

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Van Persie scored two goals along with Arjen Robben, while Stefan de Vrij also netted as Spain were humiliated at Arena Fonte Nova in Salvador.
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But Van Persie attributed the emphatic win to the tactics of Van Gaal, his new manager at Manchester United.
"This is definitely down to him," said the 30-year-old.
Spain, who are also the European champions, were humiliated as the Netherlands came from behind to thrash their opponents.
Van Persie cancelled out Xabi Alonso's penalty with a sublime header before goals by Bayern Munich's Robben and Feyenoord defender De Vrij made it 3-1.
Two goals in the space of eight minutes by Van Persie and Robben completed Spain's embarrassment.
"If you see how he prepared us, and how he predicted the game would go, and you see how it went - unbelievable," added Van Persie about Van Gaal.
"For the whole Netherlands, this is a dream come true.''
Van Gaal, who will take over at Old Trafford after the tournament, was delighted with his team's win.
"The Netherlands were sensational.  It should have been seven or eight. Some of the performances - Arjen Robben, Robin van Persie and Daley Blind down that wing, they were absolutely brilliant. I have never seen that Spain back four pulled around as much as they were."
The 62-year-old returned Van Persie's compliment, praising the striker along with the rest of the side.
"With strikers like Van Persie, Robben and Wesley Sneijder behind them, things like this can happen,'' he said.
Van Gaal's side face Australia next on 18 June in Porto Alegre and the former Barcelona boss urged caution despite getting their campaign off to a flying start.
"We don't have anything yet," he added. "We've made a pretty start. If you beat Australia [on Wednesday], then you've made a good start.''
Spain's experienced goalkeeper Iker Casillas says he was responsible for the reigning champions' disastrous defeat.
"I wasn't at the level I needed to be. I have to accept all criticism.
"I didn't do things like I should have, especially to start a World Cup," said Casillas, who was dispossessed by Van Persie for the fourth goal.


Ask fishmonger Kevin Little if he'd happily eat the carp he sells, and he shakes his head sheepishly.

"I don't really like it," he says.
"But a lot of my eastern European customers don't particularly like carp either, it is just their tradition to eat them for their Christmas dinner.
"It's like being British and easting roast turkey on Christmas Day - it is what most of us do, even though many of us would prefer to have beef, or something else instead."
The thought of eating carp - at any time of the year - would horrify most people in the UK.
It is a portly fresh water fish that conjures up images of murky canals, with half-submerged supermarket trolleys and industrial backdrops.
It is supposed to taste of mud, and while many British anglers obsess about catching them, they wouldn't dream of taking one home for the table.
Yet tens of millions of people across eastern Europe - who have their main festive meal on Christmas Eve rather than Christmas Day - will this evening be sitting down to eat carp.
From Poland to the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and eastern parts of Germany, more often than not the fish is the centrepiece of people's Christmas dinner, as it has been for generations.
For eastern Europeans living in the UK, having carp for their Christmas dinner is a tradition they wish to hold onto, and Mr Little and other independent fishmongers are happy to meet the demand.
Mr Little who has owned and run the Smelly Alley Fish Company in the Berkshire town of Reading for more than 50 years, buys in fresh mirror carp from fish farms in France. At Â£11 per kg, it is roughly the same price as haddock or cod.
The 68-year-old says: "In a normal month we sell about 20kg of carp, but at Christmas this goes up to 300kg. The fish are between 1kg and 3 kg in weight.
"I have been selling carp since the early 1970s to serve the Polish people who didn't go back to Poland after the end of the Second World War, including one man who was a Spitfire pilot.
"But sales have really taken off in recent years thanks to the new influx of Poles and other people from eastern Europe."
Tadeusz Stenzel, chairman of the Federation of Poles in Great Britain, says it is wrong to think that carp doesn't taste good.
"Carp is similar to cod, but a bit sweeter," he says. "Muddy flavours are very rare, as the live fish are transferred from lakes or ponds into containers of clean water for a few days before being sold.
"Traditionally in Poland you'd buy your carp still alive, and people would keep them in a bucket or their bath until Christmas Eve, but these days more people buy their carp fresh [but already killed], or frozen."
But why the tradition for fish on Christmas Eve across eastern Europe?
Mr Stenzel explains that it is the Roman Catholic practice in the region, and that Christmas Eve dinner marks the big final meal of the pre-Christmas, or advent fast period, during which meat is forbidden.
Carp became the most popular Christmas fish because it was the easiest one to farm, with the fish happily living in the village pond, he says.
He adds that unlike the Angle-Saxon Christmas turkey, which is invariably roasted, there are many different ways in which Polish people cook their festive carp.
"Some do roast it whole, but others cook it with onions, or fry steaks in breadcrumbs, or make jellied carp," says the 66-year-old, who lives in Leicestershire.
He adds: "I like my carp pan fried with a cream and almond sauce, made from roasted almonds, fish stock, blended with double cream.
"This tastes fantastic, but does not help the waistline!"
But if it has to be carp for Christmas dinner in eastern Europe, what do people eat for their main festive meal in other parts of the world?
Japan provides perhaps the most surprising answer, as the most popular Christmas meal in the land of the rising sun is a visit to KFC. Yes, you are reading correctly - Kentucky Fried Chicken.
Historically the Japanese didn't celebrate Christmas, as less than 1% of the population is Christian.
Against that blank canvas, in 1974 KFC decided to introduce Christmas to Japan, or most specifically - promoting the eating of KFC for Christmas.
Its "Kentucky for Christmas!" marketing campaign was a tremendous success that year, and ever since, Japanese people have flocked to the chain's restaurants for some festive fried chicken.
Mioko Fujisaki, a 37-year-old who moved to the UK from Japan nine years ago, says: "Christmas in Japan is different from in the West. In Japan, it is more commercially focused."
"KFC for Christmas is popular for families," she says."We have a TV ad every year and you will see Colonel Sanders in the Santa outfit at the shop front."
In the Philippines, the Asian country that does have a majority Christian population, fish and KFC hold little interest at Christmas. Instead the country goes mad for suckling pig.
Meanwhile, in the Americas, fried cheese balls are popular in Colombia, while in  Honduras and Nicaragua they feast on nacatamales, which are steamed leaf parcels filled with corn meal, rice and meat and vegetables.
Returning to Europe, fish is also the main festive focus in Italy and Portugal, where like Poland, the main Christmas meal is held on Christmas Eve.
For the Portuguese, it has to be salt cod, which requires soaking in fresh water for a few days before it can be cooked.
Joao Diogo, 44, owner of the Super Mercado Portugal supermarket in west London, which serves the local Portuguese community, says: "Sales of salt cod start rising two months before Christmas, there is a really big increase."
Across in Italy, a typical Christmas Eve meal can have seven or more different fish dishes.
James Albanese, 39, from Rome, says: "You know Italians, we celebrate with food, and Christmas Eve is fish!"