A group of influential investors are urging Sports Direct to overhaul the way it is run.

The Investor Forum, which has £14.5 trillion of investments, says the company should conduct a thorough independent review.
Investors are uncomfortable about the company's illegal underpayment of staff and an unusual arrangement with founder Mike Ashley's brother over deliveries.
Concerns have been raised at the highest level.
The Investor Forum wants Sports Direct to address a comprehensive list of issues:
The organisation says this "highly unusual" public call for a review is necessary to rebuild the company's reputation.
The public call comes as Sports Direct's board faces mounting pressure.
In June, Mike Ashley, who is known for being publicity-shy, but outspoken in his views, faced intensive questioning by MPs over the way his company was run, following a Guardian investigation that revealed his staff were being kept at work for searches for such long periods of time that their pay dropped below the legal minimum wage.
MPs also heard workers' stories alleging they were so worried about their jobs that they feared to call in sick, resulting in a number of ambulances being called to the warehouse in Shirebrook in Derbyshire.
This week, the revelation of the distribution arrangement with Mr Ashley's brother has drawn the attention of City regulator the Financial Reporting Council, which is said to be looking into the agreement and why it was not disclosed in Sports Direct's annual report.
The UK's largest union, Unite, backed demands from the Investor Forum for a thorough, independent review of the retailer.
It called on Sports Direct to confront "endemic abuses"' within its labour supply agencies and move long-standing agency workers on to direct, permanent contracts.
Major shareholder Royal London Asset Management recently said it had "lost confidence" in the directors of the retailer to protect the interests of investors other than Mr Ashley, who owns more than 50% of the business he founded in 1982.
Shareholders will be able to voice their feelings about the company at the annual shareholders meeting on 7 September, which it said on Wednesday would be open to all interested parties - an  unusual move for any company, whose AGM is generally restricted to those who own a stake in the business.
They will have no active voice in proceedings.
A number of those that do are expected to rebel against the board, particularly against the reappointment of Keith Hellawell as chairman.
Legal & General Investment Management is a major shareholder and a member of the Investor Forum lobby group.
Sacha Sadan, director of corporate governance at the fund said:  "For the third consecutive year we will be voting against the re-election of the chairman at Sports Direct.
"We will also be voting against the re-election of all non-executive directors as we believe that Sports Direct needs a stronger body of independent non-executive directors to ensure the business is run in the interest of all shareholders. We are disappointed that there have been no new non-executive board appointments in the last five years."
Independent retail analyst Nick Bubb commented: "It remains to be seen how 'open' Sports Direct will be at its 'open day' on 7 September, but management have clearly calculated that the company's reputation is so low that it can only get better, despite the constant risk that Mike Ashley says something stupid."
The BBC asked Sports Direct for a comment on the call for a review of the company.
Mr Ashley's spokesman sent a brief email which did not directly address that but said it "[acknowledged] the appreciation of [Mr Ashley's] efforts in terms of hosting an open day."
It continued: "He looks forward to meeting everyone and answering all your questions."
The company's shares were down 2% in early Thursday trading at 304p. They have fallen around 50% since the start of this year.


Carlisle scored twice in two second-half minutes to salvage a draw against Exeter in a frenetic League Two play-off semi-final first leg.

Joel Grant headed the visitors in front but Jordan Moore-Taylor turned a cross into his own net as Carlisle levelled.
Goals either side of the break had Exeter in control, Ryan Harley stroking home and David Wheeler finding the net.
But John O'Sullivan's overhit cross floated in and sub Shaun Miller nodded in as the hosts dramatically came back.
Exeter had two goals disallowed for borderline offside calls, and hit the post through Jake Taylor with the final action of the match.
Keith Curle's Carlisle have trailed in all three games between the sides this season but are yet to be beaten by the Devon club.
Jamaica international Grant was influential with two assists to add to his goal, but Exeter are still yet to beat any of their play-off rivals this season.
Carlisle had a penalty appeal waved away in stoppage time after Pierce Sweeney controlled Nicky Adams' cross onto his arm.
Only Plymouth had a better away record in the regular-season than Paul Tisdale's Exeter, who will feel frustrated by the offside flag denying both Ollie Watkins and Reuben Reid when they appeared to be level with the last defender.
The second leg takes place at St James Park on Thursday at 19:45 BST.
Carlisle boss Keith Curle:
"The players deserve a lot of credit for the character they have shown. They were challenged today, they were challenged at 3-1 down and a goal having just been disallowed as well.
"As soon as we got that goal, the supporters were absolutely phenomenal and then with that little bit of rub of the green that we get, we get something out of this game.
"To be honest at 3-3, I looked at the clock and there were eight, nine minutes to go and thought we could walk out of here 4-3 up."
Exeter manager Paul Tisdale told BBC Radio Devon:
"It was the type of game we wanted. It went to plan in terms of the way the game flowed, and I think we were rather unfortunate.
"I don't think we've had our fair share of fortune during the season, so why should it change now?
"We played so well and we weren't here to hold on and grab a draw - we tried to win that game and probably deserved to do so."
Match ends, Carlisle United 3, Exeter City 3.
Second Half ends, Carlisle United 3, Exeter City 3.
Jake Taylor (Exeter City) hits the right post with a right footed shot from the centre of the box. Assisted by Reuben Reid.
Attempt saved. Tom Miller (Carlisle United) header from a difficult angle on the right is saved in the top right corner. Assisted by Nicky Adams with a cross.
Corner,  Carlisle United. Conceded by Pierce Sweeney.
Attempt saved. Ryan Harley (Exeter City) left footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Reuben Reid.
Attempt missed. Reggie Lambe (Carlisle United) left footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the left following a set piece situation.
Foul by Lee Holmes (Exeter City).
Shaun Miller (Carlisle United) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Offside, Exeter City. Ollie Watkins tries a through ball, but Reuben Reid is caught offside.
Foul by Jake Taylor (Exeter City).
Nicky Adams (Carlisle United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Jake Taylor (Exeter City) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Shaun Miller (Carlisle United).
Corner,  Exeter City. Conceded by George Waring.
Corner,  Exeter City. Conceded by Mark Gillespie.
Attempt saved. Reuben Reid (Exeter City) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Ollie Watkins.
Reuben Reid (Exeter City) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Danny Grainger (Carlisle United).
Attempt missed. Reggie Lambe (Carlisle United) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the right.
Corner,  Carlisle United. Conceded by Jake Taylor.
Corner,  Carlisle United. Conceded by Pierce Sweeney.
Attempt blocked. Jamie Proctor (Carlisle United) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by George Waring with a headed pass.
Offside, Exeter City. Jordan Moore-Taylor tries a through ball, but Lee Holmes is caught offside.
Substitution, Exeter City. Lee Holmes replaces Joel Grant.
Substitution, Exeter City. Jack Stacey replaces David Wheeler.
Robert Olejnik (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by George Waring (Carlisle United).
Attempt blocked. Nicky Adams (Carlisle United) right footed shot from the left side of the box is blocked. Assisted by Jamie Proctor.
Attempt blocked. Jordan Moore-Taylor (Exeter City) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Tom Miller (Carlisle United).
Goal!  Carlisle United 3, Exeter City 3. Shaun Miller (Carlisle United) header from the left side of the six yard box to the top right corner. Assisted by Nicky Adams with a cross.
Goal!  Carlisle United 2, Exeter City 3. John O'Sullivan (Carlisle United) right footed shot from long range on the right to the top left corner. Assisted by Luke Joyce.
Foul by David Wheeler (Exeter City).
Danny Grainger (Carlisle United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. Luke Joyce (Carlisle United) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal. Assisted by Jamie Proctor.
Hand ball by Pierce Sweeney (Exeter City).
Substitution, Exeter City. Reuben Reid replaces Craig Woodman.
Substitution, Carlisle United. George Waring replaces James Bailey.


Netflix is launching two interactive children's TV shows that let audiences determine the on-screen action.

The animated programmes ask youngsters to choose between two options at several points in their plots.
The firm says the nature of its online streaming platform has allowed it to experiment with "branching narrative" tech in a way that would not be possible for traditional broadcasters.
But it acknowledges that such shows are more costly to make than normal.
"It was actually a little bit more than twice as much animation as a typical episode," explained Doug Langdale, executive producer of the Puss in Book series, which was made in conjunction with Dreamworks Studios.
"It was about 50 minutes [of footage] where it would normally be 22. Especially with computer animation, that's tremendously more expensive.
"It's not easy or cheap. But it's the next thing, and we've got to try it."
The programmes can be watched and controlled via smart TVs, games consoles and iOS devices - but cannot be downloaded and viewed offline.
In addition to the special episode of Puss in Book - subtitled Trapped in an Epic Tale - Netflix is making an interactive episode of the stop-motion series Buddy Thunderstruck available.
The former has two possible endings and the latter, four, but in both cases there are several ways that viewers can steer the stories to their conclusions.
It has taken two years to bring the shows to screen, with part of the challenge being trying to ensure their plots remain logical and compelling whatever choices are made.
A third child's show, based on the superhero Stretch Armstrong, is planned for 2018. But at present Netflix has no plans for adult-themed choice-based shows, nor has it committed itself to making further examples for children.
"The main priority right now is starting to learn how our members are going to engage with this [and] learning how we can tell these stories," Carla Fisher, Netflix's director of product innovation, told the BBC.
"Then we will go from there."
Netflix is far from being the first to develop interactive programming.
Beyond the many video games that have adopted the format, there have been:
However, one media analyst said scripted entertainment risked being made "gimmicky" by being forced into an interactive format.
"When it comes to linear entertainment there is an attraction to being presented with a fixed story, and having that crafted narrative presented to you by the director and writers," explained Tom Harrington of Enders Analysis.
"I doubt Netflix is going to be filled with these kind of interactive shows in 10 years.
"But it does know the value of great press, and it will get lots of publicity out of this."


Oxford Central Library has closed temporarily to allow the next stage of the Westgate shopping centre redevelopment to begin.

The work will see the front of the library building become part of the entrance to the new £500m scheme.
A smaller temporary library is due to open in Castle Street in the city in late March.
The central library is expected to fully reopen along with the development of 100 shops by autumn 2017.


Glasgow's Christmas lights switch-on, which was due to take place over the weekend, has been cancelled due to bad weather.

The annual event was scheduled to take place in George Square on Sunday evening.
It has been cancelled for the safety of staff and the 13,000 members of the public who had tickets.
The organisers said that due to the complexity of the event it would not be rescheduled this year.
A spokesman for Glasgow Life, which is behind the event, said: "The stormy weather battering much of Scotland has created real problems for our teams working on the Glasgow Christmas lights switch-on.
"Now, with a weather warning in place for further significant wind and rain over the weekend, public safety issues have been raised."
Ticket holders will be able to exchange their ticket for a free hot drink at George Square's Glasgow on ice from 27 November - 31 December.


A Jurassic "sea monster" found in a quarry is taking shape as scientists carry out the painstaking task of putting together hundreds of bones.

A museum team has now put 165 million-year-old plesiosaur "Eve" together, although a few bones are missing and the skull is still embedded in clay.
They hope to put her on show but admitted she is too long and heavy for any of their current display cases.
Plesiosaurs were sea creatures that died out 66 million years ago.
The "fantastic fossil" was discovered at Must Farm quarry near Whittlesey, Cambridgeshire, by archaeologists from Oxford Clay Working Group
It has an 8ft (2.5m)-long neck, a barrel-shaped body, four flippers and a short tail.
They named the creature Eve, as it was their first major find.
However, scientists at Oxford University Museum of Natural History, to which the bones were donated, are unable to confirm the sex of the plesiosaur.
"We might never know," palaeontologist Dr Hilary Ketchum said.
"It is very difficult to tell between males and females in the fossil record because soft parts are rarely preserved.
"The only definite female plesiosaur ever found was one that was discovered with a foetus preserved inside."
Dr Ketchum was tasked with putting together the "puzzle" of more than 600 pieces of bone uncovered by archaeologist Dr Carl Harrington and his team.
When various pieces were glued they were left with 232 bones plus the skull, which is still preserved in a block of clay.
Gradually, using the archaeologists' notes and Dr Ketchum's "own knowledge of plesiosaur anatomy", Eve began to take shape.
66
million years ago plesiosaurs became extinct
76 vertebrae in their necks - mammals such as humans and giraffes have just seven
5mph (8.2km/h) the top swimming speed of the creature
6m the average length
660lb (300kg) the approximate weight
A number of bones are missing including the thigh bones and parts of the tail, Dr Ketchum said.
The "delicate task" of removing the skull bones could take several months.
The clay block which encases them was CT-scanned to help scientists extract the bones without causing damage. So far they have exposed part of the lower jaw and the back of the skull near the neck.
Eventually they hope to release a time-lapse video of the process.
Scientists have said Eve could prove to be a new species of plesiosaur, as she has anatomical features that differ from other plesiosaurs found in the Oxford Clay.
The Jurassic sediment lies under parts of England from as far west as Dorset and north to Yorkshire - taking in the Peterborough area which was Eve's last resting place.
Eve's upper and lower arm bones and wrist show some differences, as do parts of the neck vertebrae, Dr Ketchum said.
"It is possible this is because Eve is a new species, however, we still have lots more research to do before we can be sure."
The museum hopes to put Eve on temporary display in the autumn, however, first they have one large problem to solve.
"Eve is the biggest and most complete plesiosaur specimen that we have. Our largest display case is just over four metres long, so it's not quite big enough for Eve to be displayed entirely straight," Dr Ketchum said.
"We might have to bend the neck around a little."
Eve was donated to the Oxford museum by Cambridgeshire landowners Forterra.


Police are questioning workers at a maximum security prison in New York following the escape of two murderers.

"They needed the assistance of someone", Governor Andrew Cuomo told US television networks on Monday morning.
Hundreds of employees and construction contractors are now being investigated to determine if they provided the power tools used to escape.
"I don't believe they could have acquired the equipment they needed to do this without help," said Mr Cuomo.
Richard Matt, 48, and David Sweat, 34, used power tools to break out of Clinton Correctional Facility in Dannemora on Friday night.
The two men cut through the steel back walls of their cell before clambering along a catwalk to reach a series of pipes and tunnels, which they again cut their way through.
The pair then climbed up through a manhole into a nearby street, "disappearing into the darkness some 20 miles (30km) south of Canada", said Mr Cuomo.
The New York Post reported on Monday that a female employee has been questioned and removed from her post.
A source tells the newspaper that Matt "has a way with the ladies" and that this may have played a role in enlisting a female accomplice.
All of the tools belonging to the prison have been accounted for "so far," acting state Corrections Commissioner Anthony Annucci told the newspaper, leading investigators to believe the tools may have come from outside the prison.
The breakout is the first escape from the prison, nicknamed "Little Siberia", in 150 years.
Governor Cuomo said the age of the prison meant that outside builders frequently enter the prison for renovation work, and that it's possible the tools used were provided by one of them.
New York state is offering a $100,000 (Â£65,000) reward for information.
Matt was given a jail term of 25 years to life for beating a man to death in 1997.
Sweat was serving a life sentence without parole for the murder of Broome County Sheriff's Deputy, Kevin Tarsia.
Mr Tarsia's brother Steven said finding out that his killer had escaped "turns your world upside-down all over again".
Mr Cuomo toured the prison on Saturday and posted pictures of pipes and walls with chunks cut out after he was shown the inmates' escape route.
More than 250 officers are searching for the prisoners, using sniffer dogs and aerial surveillance.
They may have crossed the border into Canada or headed to another state, Mr Cuomo said.
There is "nothing to be afraid of" in Canada, Roland-Luc Beliveau, the mayor of Lacolle in Quebec told CTV on Monday.
"We're well-protected", he said.


Austria's Constitutional Court is due to rule on the far-right Freedom Party's challenge to the result of last month's presidential run-off vote.

It will determine whether irregularities were committed and the election should be held again.
Freedom Party candidate Norbert Hofer narrowly lost to the former leader of the Greens, Alexander Van der Bellen, by less than a percentage point.
The court heard from about 90 witnesses during two weeks of public hearings.
The Freedom Party argues that the way postal votes were handled was among numerous irregularities that culminated in its defeat to the Greens by just under 31,000 votes.
It says that postal ballots were illegally handled in 94 out of 117 districts.
Austrian far right challenges presidential poll result
Is Europe lurching to the far right?
Europe's nationalist surge, country by country
Is populism a threat to Europe's economies?
If elected Mr Hofer would have been the first far-right head of state of an EU country,
Preliminary results in the vote count suggested he had a narrow lead but that disappeared after about 700,000 postal votes were counted.
The party also claims it has evidence that under-16s and foreigners were allowed to vote.
Mr Van der Bellen was eventually declared the winner of the largely ceremonial post with 50.3% of the vote against Mr Hofer's 49.7%. The president elect is due to be sworn in on 8 July.
His lawyer insisted that any irregularities that did exist had a negligible impact on the ballot.
Correspondents say that if the Constitutional Court disagrees with him, the election would be invalidated - a move that would send shockwaves throughout the country.
Such a ruling would also mean that Austria would be compelled to hold another vote in the coming months.
If a new election is ordered, departing President Heinz Fischer will be replaced on a temporary basis by three parliamentary officials, including Mr Hofer.


Experts have said a dry September followed by above average rainfall this month have created the perfect conditions to trigger more sinkholes in the Midlands.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
20 October 2014 Last updated at 10:55 BST
Sinkholes are hidden cavities in the earth that open up without warning.
BBC Midlands Today's David Gregory-Kumar has been investigating.


Events are being held across America to mark ten years since Hurricane Katrina devastated the city of New Orleans.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
28 August 2015 Last updated at 15:29 BST
The storm caused powerful winds and major flooding which destroyed large parts of the city.
Thousands of people lost their homes, and more than 1,800 were killed.
US President Barack Obama will lead the events to remember those who lost their lives and special services will be held across the weekend.
Watch Hayley's report.


A murder investigation is under way after a body was found at the scene of a vehicle fire in Kent.

Police said the body was found when emergency services were called to Rowhill Road in Dartford at 06:20 BST.
The police helicopter has been helping officers from the Kent force search the local area in Wilmington as part of the investigation.
A spokesman said no arrests have been made at this stage but inquiries were ongoing.


US Secretary of State John Kerry has said that America and other major powers are not in a rush to reach a nuclear agreement with Iran.

But he warned that the so-called P5+1 (US, UN, Russia, UK, France and Germany) would not wait indefinitely.
Meanwhile, Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif tweeted: "We're working hard, but not rushed, to get the job done."
The pace at which sanctions are lifted is a major issue at talks in Vienna.
Pressure is mounting on world powers and Iran to reach a deal on its nuclear programme and avoid the issue becoming bogged down in the US Congress.
Congress has 30 days to review any agreement as long as it receives the text by midnight Washington time (04:00 GMT on Friday). Failing that the review period will be 60 days, which will delay the lifting of US sanctions.
"We're here because we believe we are making real progress," Mr Kerry told reporters in the Austrian capital Vienna on Thursday.
But he cautioned that "we are not going to sit at the negotiating table forever" and that he was prepared to "call an end" to nuclear talks with Iran if  "tough decisions" are not made.
"We also recognise that we shouldn't get up and leave simply because the clock strikes midnight. And I emphasise, given that the work here is incredibly technical and that the stakes are very very high, we will not rush and we will not be rushed."
Mr Kerry said that any deal had to withstand the test of time.
"It is not a test of a matter of days or weeks or months, it's a test for decades, that's our goal here."
Mr Zarif, who leads the Iranian negotiators, earlier said he wanted to reach a deal. And he added on his Twitter page: "Mark my words; you can't change horses in the middle of a stream."
Separately, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said he would be staying in Vienna to continue the negotiations, saying that "things are going in the right direction".
EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini described the talks as "sometimes heated" but overall "constructive".
The White House has said that it is unlikely that the talks will go on for many more weeks. A 30 June deadline imposed by both sides has already been missed.
The P5+1 and Iran are still believed to differ in three key areas - international inspections of Iran's non-nuclear sites, sanctions, and how Iran's compliance will be verified.
Iran also wants a UN Security Council arms embargo to be scrapped - something the US has ruled out.
World powers want to be satisfied that Iran is neither trying to develop a nuclear bomb, nor has the capability to do so in under at least a year. Iran insists its nuclear programme is for purely peaceful purposes.
If Congress rejects the deal, President Barack Obama can use his power of veto, but Congress can still overturn this. An extended review could help opposition to a deal build in the Republican-controlled legislature.
Under an interim accord, Iran and the P5+1 agreed that crippling sanctions would be eased in return for curbs on Iran's nuclear programme.
Both sides at the Vienna talks said they hoped for progress on Thursday, though there has been little concrete sign of a breakthrough.


The number of Indians killed in the stampede near the Muslim holy city of Mecca last month has crossed 100, India's foreign minister has said.

Sushma Swaraj tweeted that the number of Indians who had died now stood at 101. Thirty two others are missing.
The Saudi authorities put the total death toll at 769 but foreign media reports and officials put the figure at well over 1,000.
It is the deadliest incident to occur during the pilgrimage in 25 years.
Ms Swaraj had earlier tweeted that Indian authorities were "doing everything to locate our people".
At least 76 Pakistani have also died in the stampede, reports say.
The crush happened as two large groups of pilgrims converged as they were taking part in one of the Hajj's major rites.
The Saudis have been criticised over their handling of security and the slow publication of casualty figures.
The nationality with the highest toll, with at least 464 dead, is Iran, and Iranian officials allege that the overall number of deaths is now more than 1,000.
Pakistan, India, and Indonesia have also suggested that the death toll may be higher than the 769 reported by Saudi Arabia.
BBC Monitoring puts the death toll at 1,216, based on official statements and media reports from 34 countries who lost citizens in the stampede.
2006: 364 pilgrims die in a crush at foot of Jamarat Bridge in Mina
1997: 340 pilgrims are killed when fire fuelled by high winds sweeps through Mina's tent city
1994: 270 pilgrims die in a stampede during the stoning ritual
1990: 1,426 pilgrims, mainly Asian, die in a stampede in an overcrowded tunnel leading to holy sites
1987: 402 people die when security forces break up an anti-US demonstration by Iranian pilgrims
Timeline: Deadliest stampedes


After the high profile deaths of several children in Birmingham, and subsequent damning reports into the way the city council cares for children, how is the authority changing how it works?

Last March, the government appointed former health minister Lord Norman Warner as external commissioner to oversee the running of children's services. Ministers have had his progress report since April, but will not say when it will be released.
One young woman's experience of being in the care of the authority saw her being moved 39 times in just five years and raped several times while in care.
Danielle, who has waived her right to anonymity, was taken into care in 1998 at the age of 11, after slash marks from a belt were spotted on her back when she changed for PE at school.
She told BBC Inside Out West Midlands the first of the 39 moves she went through saw her transferred six times in the first six weeks.
"I don't think any of us ever felt safe," Danielle, who is now in her 20s, said.
"Half of us ran away because it was safer to run away than to be in the home sometimes."
When she was 11 years old, she said, someone tried to rape her in the children's home she was staying in and aged 13 she ran away.
"[I] got tricked into going to this flat and I got locked in.
"Then he started calling people and they kept me there for hours and I got gang raped. They locked me in a cupboard and wouldn't let me go."
By the time she left the care system at the age of 16, Danielle had been raped three times.
As she left in 2003, a new director of children's services was appointed in Birmingham.
Peter Hay inherited a zero-rated service that was already on a government watch list, where it has remained.
"The first stage I think was to stop the thing falling off a cliff," he said.
But high-profile cases have continued to come, including those of seven-year-old Khyra Ishaq, who starved to death at her home in Handsworth in 2008, and Keanu Williams, who in 2011 was found collapsed in his mother's partner's flat.
Their deaths are among 23 serious case reviews published in Birmingham since the Local Safeguarding Board's inception in 2006.
Between 2009 and October 2013, the authority had four different strategic directors of Children, Young People and Families.
Mr Hay, who was in charge until 2006, before returning to oversee the department in 2013, said at the time of Keanu's death the council had been going through "an eight-year period of sustained failure" in spite of the previous warnings.
Ofsted branded the service a "national disgrace" after the boy's death.
The government warned the authority it was considering taking over the running of the department, but instead appointed Lord Warner.
23
Serious case reviews in Birmingham since 2006
7
Years Birmingham children's services has been rated inadequate
Â£9.2m  Pledged by the city council in 2014 to improve the department
161 Social worker posts unfilled by permanent staff in January
Four months after he started, a new, integrated agency hub was created to speed up the safeguarding process.
Birmingham Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hub (Mash) is based inside the council's headquarters and is made up of many organisations, including police, social workers and the NHS.
Christine Wellington, Mash head of service, said: "Pre-Mash there was no feedback, there was almost the sense of 'what's the point of referring if nothing is going to be done?'."
Now, when a safeguarding call comes in, it takes priority and the various agencies get together to discuss what action to take.
But one social worker who has worked for the council on more than one occasion - in 2012 and again this year - said his experiences had put him off going back.
The man, who wanted to remain anonymous, said during his most recent time there, managers were being sacked, asked to leave and resigning, on a weekly basis.
He said he was "fearful of a child death or a serious incident happening on my watch and I want to be able to sleep at night".
The council has said a recruitment crisis in the department has been turned around - in contrast to May last year, when more than a quarter of frontline social worker posts were unfilled.
Social worker Siobhan Patton said her case load is the lowest it has ever been, down from 30 to 10.
And she said that was a big change from her "lowest point" - working from 06:00 until midnight.
Despite the council having to save millions of pounds from several departments, the authority has invested Â£30m in children's services over the past two years, which Mr Hay said was "a real sign of that commitment to make this the number one service the council provides".
'A Dangerous Place To Be a Kid?' is available on the BBC iPlayer.


With just two days until the polling stations open, all the Scottish party leaders are warning of the risks of backing their opponents.

SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon said voters had "48 hours to get the Tories out".
Former Labour leader Gordon Brown, who was campaigning with Scottish Labour leader Jim Murphy, said the SNP stood for "divide and rule".
The Lib Dems said voters should stick with them and the Scottish Tories said a vote for them was a vote for the UK.
During a visit to a nursery in Livingston, West Lothian, Ms Sturgeon criticised Prime Minister David Cameron who had warned the public they risked "five long years" of a minority Labour government reliant on "bribes" to smaller parties like the SNP.
She hit back saying: "[There are] 48 hours to get the Tories out, to get an alternative to austerity and to make Scotland's voice heard.
"The fact of the matter is, if there's an anti-Tory majority on Friday morning, I want to see that anti-Tory majority come together to get the Tories out, but then make sure that it's replaced with something better.
Ms Sturgeon added: "The SNP will be a positive, constructive and progressive force in the House of Commons but will stand up very firmly for the things we believe really matter."
In Glasgow, Mr Brown urged voters to reject the SNP and join what he called Labour's fight to reach the "the mountaintop of social justice".
And he warned that the election was "not just about the future of the UK but about the very existence of the UK".
In an impassioned address, he said: "While the SNP will talk only about deals and pacts and coalitions and bargains and hung parliaments, we will talk day after day, hour after hour, in this late stage of the campaign about only one thing - to end poverty, to end unemployment, to end injustice.
"Within days and hours of getting into government, Jim Murphy could be providing money for our foodbanks and we could be ending foodbank poverty. Delivered under a Labour government, with Labour MPs - undeliverable under a Conservative government, even with 59 SNP MPs.
"And within weeks, we could be providing the resources that the health service needs: 500 doctors, 1,000 more nurses - deliverable under a Labour government with Labour MPs - undeliverable under a Conservative government with 59 SNP MPs."
Scottish Liberal Democrat leader Willie Rennie said he wanted his party to continue to have influence on government at Westminster.
He said: "Liberal Democrats have been at the heart of government over the last five years with 11 members of parliament in Scotland - many at the cabinet table giving a really powerful voice.
"Danny Alexander, right at the heart of the government, making it tick - delivering tax cuts, pension rise childcare expansion.
"I want that to continue, because Liberal Democrats can hold others back when they travel too fast."
While on a visit to Aviemore, Scottish Conservative leader Ruth Davidson discussed the possible deals that could be done between parties after polls close and votes are counted.
She said: "We have said from the very start that each and every MP elected across all parts of these islands has the same rights and voting as everybody else. But it is up to individual political parties who they do a deal with.
"The Scottish Conservatives will not do deals with any nationalist parties in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland who want to break up our United Kingdom.
"Each vote for the Scottish Conservatives is a vote to keep the UK intact."


A guide to the elections taking place in England and Wales in May 2013.

When are the polls?
Voting will take place from 7am to 10pm on 2 May. As is traditional in UK elections, they are being held on a Thursday again this year.
What are people voting for?
There will be elections for 34 local authorities  in England - mostly county councils rather than the big cities. There will also be two mayoral elections, and also one local authority election in Anglesey. Here's the full list of where elections are being held.
Who is standing?
More than 2,300 seats are being contested in these elections. The Conservatives and Labour are putting up candidates in most seats, with 2,263 and 2,168 candidates respectively. The Lib Dems have 1,763 candidates. UKIP is fielding 1,745 candidates, three times as many as it did the last time these seats were fought in 2009, and the Greens have 893 candidates. Other parties standing include the Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition's which is fighting 120 seats, the BNP, with 99 candidates and the English Democrats, with 38 candidates. There are around 900 independent candidates.
When are we expecting the results?
Only six of the county councils are counting votes overnight on Thursday - Lincolnshire, Dorset, Somerset, Essex, Gloucestershire and Hampshire - with results expected between 02:30 BST and 06:00 BST. All the other councils will start counting on Friday morning, with the bulk of the results due between 11:00 BST and 18:30 BST.
Where can I watch the results?
There will be full live text and video coverage of the results as they come in on the BBC News website, including the BBC's Vote 2013 programme presented by Huw Edwards. This will also be broadcast throughout the day on the News Channel from 08:30 BST to 18:00 BST, and on BBC 2 from 12:00 BST to 13:00 BST, from 14:00 BST to 15:00 BST and from 17:00 BST to 18:00 BST.
Who can vote?
You must be registered to vote, be at least 18 on polling day, be resident in Britain and be British or a  Commonwealth or European Union citizen.
Who is barred from voting?
Convicted prisoners, anybody found guilty of election corruption within the past five years and people who are subject to any "legal incapacity" that impairs their judgement.
How do I vote?
If you are registered to vote you should receive a polling card any time up to the week of the elections, telling you where you should go to cast your vote on 2 May. You should take the card with you when you go to vote, although it is not compulsory. No other form of identity is required. If your polling card doesn't arrive, contact the electoral services department at your local council.
Can I vote by post?
Yes. But the deadline for asking for a postal vote from the electoral services department at your local council has now passed for these elections. If you have applied to vote by post, you cannot vote in person at the polling station. However, on election day you can return your postal vote to the polling station, before 22:00 BST, or to the returning officer at your local council (before they close), if you do not want to post it or it is too late to post it. See the Electoral Commission's guidelines for postal voting.
What about proxy votes?
You can only apply for a long-term proxy vote if you have a specific reason such as a disability or being overseas. To vote by proxy for just one election, you must have a reason, for example you will be on holiday or away owing to work. The deadline to vote by proxy in these elections has now passed, but if you are suddenly incapacitated or taken ill, you can apply to vote by proxy for medical reasons up until 17:00 BST on polling day.
I'm away from home at university on 2 May, where do I vote?
As long as you are registered to vote in both places you can choose to vote at either your home address or your student address - or in both places if they are in different council areas.
What help is there for disabled voters?
To help blind and partially sighted voters, there has to be a "tactile device" in each polling station and there are rules on the size of print on ballot papers. The vast majority of polling stations are now more accessible for wheelchair users. Proxy ballots are allowed for those unable to vote because of disability. A doctor's note is required if the person with disabilities is applying for an indefinite proxy vote.
What happens if a voter is illiterate?
There is no literacy qualification for voting: anyone who cannot read or write can ask the polling officer at the polling station to mark their ballot, or have the candidate names read out, or take a companion to help them.
Is voting compulsory?
No. People cannot be forced to vote and registration is not compulsory.
Is my vote secret?
Yes. The ballot papers contain a serial number and it is possible, but illegal, to trace all the votes to the people who cast them. The number is there to stop electoral fraud.
Why don't I have a vote this year?
Not all councils hold elections at the same time. All councillors are elected for a term of four years, but the four-year cycle of elections is different for different councils. This year it is the turn of all the English county councils, who last had elections in 2009, and seven other authorities. Next year will see elections to all the London boroughs and some of the smaller district councils. There are also some councils who elect a third of councillors each year for three out of the four-year cycle.
Who can stand as a candidate?
Candidates must be aged 18 or over and either be British, or citizens of other European Union or Commonwealth countries. In addition, those standing in English council elections must be on the electoral register of the council concerned or must have lived in or worked in the council area within the past year. Those banned from standing in the elections include anyone employed by the local authority: bankrupts; and people in a variety of politically restricted jobs. The deadline has passed to register as a candidate for these elections.
How can I set up a political party?
All political parties have to be registered with the Electoral Commission if they want their names to appear on ballot papers. The commission will need the names of three party officials and details of the party's financial structure. It can refuse to register a party if its name is confusingly similar to another party's or if the name is deemed offensive. The deadline has passed to register a political party for these elections.
Who organises the election?
The top official of the local authority is the returning officer for the elections in each constituency, with the day-to-day running of the poll left to the head of the council's electoral services department.
Why are elections held on Thursdays?
They do not have to be - it is just a convention. One theory about its origins is that people were not paid until Fridays and so holding polls on Thursdays ensured they were not too drunk to vote. The Electoral Commission has recommended trials of weekend voting to boost turnout.
Are there rules for the BBC's coverage?
Every part of the corporation has to follow election guidelines set down by the BBC Trust. They include advice on the "appropriate" level of coverage to give to each of the political parties.


Liverpool have completed a deal to sign 25-year-old defender Aly Cissokho on a season-long loan from Valencia.

The France international is the Reds' fifth signing of the summer and will compete with Jose Enrique at left-back.
"I think we have a great team and great fans and together we can achieve big things," said Cissokho.
Cissokho made 25 league appearances and scored two goals for Valencia last season after signing from Lyon for around £5m in August 2012.
Liverpool manager Brendan Rodgers had wanted to sign another left-back, Guilherme Siqueira from Spanish club Granada, but the clubs failed to agree a fee.
Cissokho joins goalkeeper Simon Mignolet, defender Kolo Toure, midfielder Luis Alberto and striker Iago Aspas as a summer arrival in Rodgers' squad.
Liverpool are keen to bring in one more attacking player before the transfer window closes, but their hopes of bringing in Anzhi Makhachkala forward Willian appear to be at an end.
The Brazilian is in talks with Tottenham about a £30m move to White Hart Lane.


South Africa's African National Congress (ANC), which took power at the end of white-minority rule in 1994, is facing its toughest challenge - and not just from opposition parties in Wednesday's local elections.

The hotly contested campaign has been marred by internal squabbles within the governing party, which have turned violent.
The township of Atteridgeville, west of the capital, Pretoria, is one of several areas to have experienced some of this violence.
The working class community was outraged when the ANC foisted Thoko Dididza as the party's candidate for mayor of Tshwane, the metropolitan area which includes Pretoria.
More on the riots:
In pictures: Pretoria protests
People took to the streets to express their displeasure; buses were burnt and road barricaded as they demanded that the current ANC mayor, Kgosientsho "Sputla" Ramokgopa be on the ballot again.
The violence spread across many other areas in Tshwane - and five people lost their lives.
Ms Dididza was chosen by ANC head office after the local party could not agree between "Sputla" and his challenger during the nomination process.
Such local feuding has been most prevalent in KwaZulu-Natal province, where 12 ANC councillors have been killed in the last two months. Last week, another was shot dead in the Eastern Cape province.
Atteridgeville itself was established in the late 1930s as a settlement for black people and now has a population of 200,000.
What do Atteridgeville voters want?
It is Mr Ramokgopa's hometown, and is a great example of a politician understanding local issues and addressing them head on.
The paved streets are clean. It is like a mini Kigali, the Rwandan capital, known as the cleanest city in Africa.
To test the temperature a month on from the protests, I walk the streets of "Peli" as locals here sometimes call Atteridgeville.
In central Atteridgeville, I meet 62-year-old street vendor Moses Masemola.
"I am going to vote for the ANC because 'Sputla' delivered for us here. Look at this place. It is clean," he says.
However, 69-year-old Elizabeth Langa, who works as a domestic helper, says she admires the new opposition party the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) which promises to do more to tackle poverty and create jobs.
"I'm going to vote for the EFF because I want change," she says.
Down the road outside a local school I see a group of mostly teenage boys huddled together looking at their smartphones.
They tell me they are using the free wi-fi provided to all residents by the city council - the signal is strongest near the school.
They are quick to point out that it is a Sputla initiative, one of his most popular.
However, one among them, 23-year-old McDonald Hopane, a third-year mechanical engineering student, explains that he is going to vote for the main opposition Democratic Alliance (DA).
"The ANC has failed to provide jobs. I'm about to finish my studies and it is clear that I will not have a job come 2017."
Twenty-year-old construction site labourer Happy Makhwiting stops to talk under a huge billboard of President Jacob Zuma.
Pointing at the president and ANC leader, he says: "I will vote for the ANC but not because of this one. I'm voting because of what [Nelson] Mandela did for us through the ANC."
Mr Makhwiting says he would like to be in the army but has taken a low-paid job just to make ends meet.
But it seems the ANC cannot rely on such loyalty any more.
If opinion polls are anything to go by, the governing party is going to have a tough time holding on to some of the major metropolitan regions such as Tshwane, Johannesburg and Nelson Mandela Bay in the Eastern Cape province.
Local issues such as water, roads, refuse collection, community parks now mean more than anti-apartheid struggle credentials.
People are tired of being fed the same diet of "we liberated you from white-minority rule so keep voting for us".
They want material change on the ground. They want better schools for their children.
They are also angry at the cancer of corruption creeping in - not just at a local level but also among those who hold high office.
Political commentator Justice Malala tells me this is a test for President Zuma's leadership.
"It's about national and local issues all at once. That's why you see President Zuma's face on the campaign trail. And the Democratic Alliance is using [its] leader Mmusi Maimane. There is a lot at stake," he says.
"On local issues, in Nelson Mandela Bay people will tell you about the undignified bucket toilets they still use.
"These issues are big for them. And in Alexandra township some say their lives are no different from the dark days of apartheid."
So this election, as much as it is about local issues on the ground, it also about the ANC's national score card.


She was, according to Western media, a poster-girl for her people, admired as much for her striking good looks as her military prowess.

But for her fellow fighters, Asia Ramazan Antar's portrayal in the press and social media came as both a surprise and disappointment.
The 19-year-old, from the Syrian Kurdish city of Qamishli, was killed by Islamic State (IS) militants in northern Syria last month.
Focusing their stories on her looks, some Western media said she was known as the "Angelina Jolie of Kurdistan" after the glamorous Hollywood actress.
Some compatriots have decried these comparisons as sexism and objectification.
The Kurdish Women's Protection Units (YPJ), to which Asia Ramazan Antar belonged, say their philosophy is simplicity and modesty.
No-one is judged based on his or her appearance, shape or size. Individuals, they say, make personal sacrifices for the collective good.
Last year, despite resistance from conservative religious groups, female fighters pushed Syrian Kurdistan to pass progressive laws that make violence against women, forced marriage and polygamy illegal. An all-women police unit was created to implement the law.
For the Kurdish media in Syrian Kurdistan (know to Kurds as Rojava) where she fought and died, Asia Ramazan Antar was simply another fighter who lost her life battling IS.
Asia Ramazan Antar joined the YPG in 2015, adopting the nom de guerre Viyan Antar.
After completing her military training, she went to the frontline to fight IS militants.
Asia Ramazan Antar took part in five battles before she was killed around Manbij near the Turkish border on 30 August.
She was a team leader and machine-gunner. Over the past two years, six of her cousins and uncles were also killed in the fight against IS.
Just like Asia Ramazan Antar, hundreds of other Kurdish fighters have been killed. Most of them were young, in their late teens and early 20s - but none garnered the kind of publicity showered on Viyan.
Choman Kanaani is one of the Kurdish fighters dismayed by Asia Ramazan Antar's treatment by the Western media.
He is in charge of rebuilding Kobane, the Kurdish city occupied by IS and extensively destroyed in 2014-2015 before Kurdish forces drove the jihadists out.
Mr Kanaani lost many of his fellow fighters, both men and women.
"The entire philosophy of YPJ is to fight sexism and prevent using women as a sexual object," he said.
"We want to give women their rightful place in society and for them to own their own destinies. Viyan died for these ideals. In the media, no-one talked about the ideals for which she gave her life, nor what Viyan achieved for women in Rojava in the past four years."
Agrin Senna is a YPJ commander who lost one of her legs in the battle to liberate Manbij. She also lost many of her friends.
She urged people to look at images of her fellow fighters who had died and had refused to live under IS's particular form of Sharia, or Islamic law.
"Look at their pictures, they are all angels, all beautiful, you can't pick one just because she looks like a Hollywood actress, Angelina Jolie or Julia Roberts.
"They have nothing in common with them. They prefer to die rather than live under one of the most anti-women groups in the world."
The BBC's Guney Yildiz contributed to this report.


Major cinemas in Pakistan have agreed to end a ban on Indian films imposed when relations between the two countries deteriorated in September.

The decision to ban the films came amid a rise in military tensions over the disputed territory of Kashmir.
The boycott was imposed after some Indian film-makers had banned Pakistani actors from working in Bollywood films.
Bollywood is popular in Pakistan, and the self-imposed ban is reported to have led to a dramatic loss of revenue.
The move followed a surge in violence in Indian-administered Kashmir.
Film distributors and cinema owners in Pakistan said they would resume screening the films on Monday.
Pakistan first imposed a ban on Indian films following the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965. The ban was eventually lifted in 2008.
Disputed Muslim-majority Kashmir has been a flashpoint for decades and has sparked two wars between India and Pakistan, which both control parts of the territory.
Today it remains one of the most militarised zones in the world.
In September, an attack on an army base in Uri in Indian-administered Kashmir claimed the lives of 18 soldiers. It was the deadliest of its kind for years.


The "Shadow Brokers" hacker group has released malware allegedly created by the US National Security Agency (NSA).

The group, which earlier tried to sell the encrypted cache of hacking tools in an online auction, released a password for it via a blog on 8 April.
Some cyber-security experts have said some of the malware is real, but old.
The NSA has not commented on the hacker group or the material that was released over the weekend.
The Shadow Brokers said they had published the password as a "protest" about US President Donald Trump.
The group wanted "America to be great again", the blog added.
It criticised, among other things, "[Steve] Bannon's removal from the [National Security Council]" and the "US military strike on Syria".
A list of alleged NSA hacking targets and the malware allegedly installed at them was also included in the release, according to some cyber-security experts.
The Shadow Brokers say they are "not fans of Russia or Putin", but some experts have suggested the group may have links with the Russian government.
"Russia is quickly responding to the missile attacks on Syria with the release of the dump file password that was previously withheld," said Jake Williams, chief executive of cyber-security firm Rendition Infosec in a blog.
A similar opinion was shared on Twitter by Dan Gonzales, a senior scientist at the Rand Corporation think tank.
The Shadow Brokers were "probably a front for or infiltrated by #Russia #cyber groups," he said.
Neither commentator gave any evidence to support such claims. Russian officials have not commented but have strenuously denied involvement in other hacking cases associated with the US.
"If Russia had stolen the hacking tools, it would be senseless to publicise the theft, let alone put them up for sale," cyber-security expert James Bamford wrote in an article for Reuters news agency.
He suggested that the Shadow Brokers could be an NSA "insider".
In a separate case, a series of cyber-attacks on 40 targets in 16 countries have been linked to a cache of hacking tools, according to cybersecurity firm Symantec.
The cache, known as Vault7, was published online by WikiLeaks and said to contain malware used by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
The agency has not confirmed whether it authored the tools.
The malware analysed by Symantec had been used to infect computers in Europe, Asia and the Middle East.
"On one occasion a computer in the United States was compromised but, following infection, an uninstaller was launched within hours, which may indicate this victim was infected unintentionally," Symantec noted.
The malware contained logs documenting changes that closely mirrored such records in Vault7 malware, the firm claimed.


A would-be robber who disguised himself as a woman in a botched attempt to raid a jewellers has been jailed.

Ryan Valentine, 39, donned a long black wig and skirt when he threatened staff at the shop in Leatherhead, Surrey.
He and accomplice Raymond Price, 45, were bundled out of the premises by two staff members who had refused to hand over any cash or jewellery.
Both men were jailed at Guildford Crown Court after they admitted possessing an imitation firearm.
Valentine, of Carlton Road in Walton-on-Thames, managed to flee the scene but was arrested two days later at Gatwick Airport as he tried to board a plane to St Lucia.
He was jailed for six years on Thursday.
Staff and members of the public managed to detain Price, of Thamesmead in Walton-on-Thames, until police arrived. He was jailed for 45 months.
Paula Jones, 29, of Grenside Road in Weybridge, was jailed for 15 months for assisting an offender.
Det Sgt Joe Easterbrook praised shop staff, who "refused to be intimidated by the suspects and showed tremendous bravery."


Swansea City have given defender Kyle Bartley a new four-year deal.

The former Arsenal centre-half joined Swansea in 2012 and has now committed his future with the Premier League side until 2021.
Bartley spent last season on loan with Leeds and played 45 Championship games.
The 26-year-old has agreed terms with manager Paul Clement and will battle for a starting spot with Alfie Mawson, Federico Fernandez and Mike van der Hoorn.
"I gained a lot more confidence and experience from my loan spell last season," said Bartley.
"I feel a better person and a better player.
"I want to be able to express that on the pitch and fight for a first-team place.
"Federico and Alfie did fantastic last season, particularly towards the end, I thought they were our two star men."


R&B and soul singer Ben E King, best known for the classic song Stand By Me, has died at the age of 76.

King started his career in the late 1950s with The Drifters, singing hits including There Goes My Baby and Save The Last Dance For Me.
After going solo, he hit the US top five with Stand By Me in 1961.
It returned to the charts in the 1980s, including a three-week spell at number one in the UK following its use in the film of the same name and a TV advert.
King's other hits included Spanish Harlem, Amor, Don't Play That Song (You Lied) and Supernatural Thing - Part I.
The singer died on Thursday, his publicist Phil Brown told BBC News.
Fellow musician Gary US Bonds wrote on Facebook that King was "one of the sweetest, gentlest and gifted souls that I have had the privilege of knowing and calling my friend for more than 50 years".
He wrote: "I can tell you that Ben E will be missed more than words can say. Our sincere condolences go out to Betty and the entire family.
"Thank you Ben E for your friendship and the wonderful legacy you leave behind."
BBC Radio 2 DJ Bob Harris said on Twitter: "So sad to hear that Ben E King has passed away. More than almost anyone, he fired and inspired my love of music. #StandByMe #ThereGoesMyBaby."
Actor Jerry O'Connell, who played Vern in the film Stand By Me alongside River Phoenix and Corey Feldman, tweeted: "You know you are good when John Lennon covers your song. Ben E. King was a wonderful and immensely talented man."
Born Benjamin Earl Nelson, he initially joined a doo-wop group called The Five Crowns, who became The Drifters after that group's manager fired the band's previous members.
He co-wrote and sang on the band's single There Goes My Baby, which reached number two in the US in 1959.
But the group members were paid just $100 per week by their manager and, after a request for a pay rise was turned down, the singer decided to go it alone. In the process, he adopted the surname King.
His first solo hit, in 1961, was Spanish Harlem, which was followed by Stand By Me.
He originally intended Stand By Me for The Drifters, but said they turned it down. So he worked on the song when Atlantic Records boss Ahmet Ertegun paired him with writers Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.
"In my vocal I think you can hear something of my earlier times when I'd sing in subway halls for the echo, and perform doo-wop on street corners," he told The Guardian in 2013.
"But I had a lot of influences, too - singers like Sam Cooke, Brook Benton and Roy Hamilton. The song's success lay in the way Leiber and Stoller took chances, though, borrowing from symphonic scores, and we had a brilliant string arranger."
The song went on to chart nine times on the US Billboard 100 - King's version twice and seven times with covers by artists like John Lennon and Spyder Turner.
It was also the fourth most-played track of the 20th Century on US radio and TV.
Earlier this year, the US Library of Congress added it to the National Recording Registry, declaring that "it was King's incandescent vocal that made it a classic".
Stand By Me, Spanish Harlem and There Goes My Baby were all named on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll, and were all given a Grammy Hall of Fame Award.
As the 1960s went on and rock 'n' roll took off, King's commercial success waned.
He continued to tour and, in the mid-1970s, Ertegun was so impressed by one of his shows in Miami that he decided to re-sign him to Atlantic.
That led to a return to the charts with Supernatural Thing - Part I, which reached the US top five in 1975.
King returned to the spotlight again in the late 1980s when Stand By Me was the theme song for Rob Reiner's film about boyhood friendship and was used in a British TV commercial for Levi's jeans.
The star also established the Ben E King Stand By Me Foundation, a charity that says it helps "deserving youths working to further their education and to assist various civic organisations and associations in their efforts to improve the quality of life of their constituents".


The last referendum in the UK on the issue of Europe was on 5 June 1975.

23 February 2016 Last updated at 12:38 GMT
Two-thirds voted in favour of staying in the European Economic Community (EEC), as it was then known.
For BBC Newsnight, veteran journalist and documentary maker Michael Cockerell - who reported on the 1975 referendum - looks at what we can learn from the vote 40 years ago.
You can follow Newsnight on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube


Pakistani police have arrested several hospital workers over a scheme that sold newborn babies in Peshawar.

The gang swapped newborn babies with the bodies of dead infants in hospitals and maternity homes, and told their parents the child had died, police told the BBC.
The babies were then sold to childless couples for between 70,000-300,000 rupees (Â£500-2,200; $650-$2,850).
Pakistan has seen several high-profile cases of baby abductions recently.
Police told the BBC they had received a number of complaints about stolen babies.
Some women who had given birth to healthy babies said they were told within hours that their child had died
Among those arrested were five women and two men, including  a nurse, two health workers and an agent who allegedly struck the deals with childless couples.
An abducted baby girl was rescued from the gang's custody.
The gang had abducted and sold nine newborns, police said.


A bear hug, a photo filter and a new debate on net neutrality - Ayeshea Perera examines the domestic fallout of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Facebook townhall in US.

It was supposed to be a moment that rocked the virtual world. Mr Modi, widely acknowledged as one of the world's most influential politicians on social media, enveloped a slightly stunned Mark Zuckerberg in a bear hug.
But what was it that really happened in Menlo Park? Why did some people think Mr Modi wasn't acting in India's best digital interests when he hugged Mr Zuckerberg?
India with an internet population of 354 million - which has already grown by 17% in the first six months of 2015 - is an obvious target for not only Facebook, but other Silicon Valley giants. And they have all been more than happy to pledge their support for digital India -  a recently launched government initiative  aimed at reinvigorating an $18bn (Â£11.6bn) campaign to strengthen India's digital infrastructure.
Google offered to provide 500 railway stations with free WiFi and Microsoft pledged to connect 500,000 Indian villages with cheap broadband access.
But this huge show of support and the increased interest in India has caused some concern within the country.
"Is Digital India going to only make India a consumer of services offered by global tech companies in lieu of data? Personal data is the currency of the digital world. Are we going to give that away simply to become a giant market for a Facebook or a Google? Look at the way the tech world is skewed. Only China has been able to come up with companies that can take on these MNCs" Prabir Purkayasta, chairman of the Society for Knowledge Commons in India, told the BBC.
"The British ruled the world because they controlled the seas," he said. "Is India going to be content to just be a digital consumer? To being colonised once again?"
And in the aftermath of the Facebook townhall in particular, some talk has begun to surface about what Mr Zuckerberg's real India ambitions are.
Soon after the townhall ended, both Mr Modi and Mr Zuckerberg declared their support for digital India by using a special Facebook filter to tint their profile pictures in the tri-colour of the Indian flag.
Multitudes of Indians followed suit and timelines were awash with snazzy tinted profile pictures, all in support of "Digital India".
But then a tech website released what it claimed to be a portion of Facebook's source code, which allegedly "proved" that the "Support Digital India" filter was actually a "Support Internet.Org" filter.
Facebook quickly issued a denial, blaming the text in the code on an "engineer mistake" in choosing a shorthand name he used for part of the code.
But the "mistake" which has been coupled with a huge advertising blitz for Internet.Org across television channels and newspapers has raised suspicion about Facebook's motives. A Facebook poll on Internet.Org that frequently appears on Indian user timelines has also been ridiculed for not giving users an option to say no.
Instead the answer options to the poll question  "Do you want India to have free basic services?" are "Yes" and "Not now".
Internet.org (now called free basics), aims to extend internet services to the developing world by offering a selection of apps and websites free to consumers.
Facebook's vice-president of infrastructure engineering, Jay Parikh has described the initiative as an "attempt to connect the two-thirds of the world who do not have access to the Internet" by trying to solve issues pertaining to affordability, infrastructure and access.
When Facebook launched the initiative in India in February, it was criticised by Indian activists who expressed concerns that the project threatened freedom of expression, privacy and the principle of net neutrality.
On the other end of the debate, Indian columnist Manu Joseph wrote in the Hindustan Times newspaper, hitting out at the "selfish" stand on net neutrality. He said concerns over the issue should be "subordinate to the fact that the poor have a right to some Internet".
A massive campaign by India's Save the Internet Coalition exhorting Indians to speak out against initiatives threatening net neutrality caught public imagination and saw more than a million emails to India's regulator, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), demanding a free and fair internet in the country. Internet.Org was one of the initiatives immediately affected.
TRAI since released a draft policy on net neutrality, but a question that has been asked is whether it was appropriate for Mr Modi to visit Facebook given that the policy was still under consideration.
Mr Purkayasta is of the opinion that it could have been avoided. "It was not the time or the place to go. Even if it was simply a publicity gimmick, it still sends a signal to officials involved in drafting the policy," he said.
However, Sunil Abraham from the Centre for Internet and Society told the BBC he believed that while Facebook's intentions were suspect, Mr Modi's visit had the potential to safeguard net neutrality in India.
"India is a hugely important market for Facebook, and the prime minister has the power to force positive changes to its policies," he said. "We gain nothing by shutting them out."


Yoann Arquin snatched a point for Mansfield with a last-minute goal as an incredible game ended 4-4 at home to bogey side Accrington.

The Frenchman raced onto a Hayden White flick and crashed in a dipping half-volley from 25 yards to send the home fans wild.
Mansfield, unbeaten in eight games, had not beaten Stanley in their previous 11 league meetings and twice the visitors earned two-goal leads.
In a rip-roaring first half, Stanley went ahead after only five minutes when Omar Beckles was allowed to steer home from eight yards from Sean McConville's free-kick.
More poor home defending in the 29th minute saw Lee Collins fail to clear and Shay McCartan turned to fire in number two.
Mansfield were back in it within two minutes as a Krystian Pearce header from a corner was blocked on the line and the referee ruled Rhys Bennett had forced the ball over before it was cleared.
The pick of the goals came in the 44th minute as Billy Kee beat Bennett out on the right and turned to send a spectacular dipping shot under the far angle of post and crossbar.
But the Stags stayed in touch in stoppage time as White headed home a Joel Byrom corner.
Beckles headed against the right-hand post but it was 3-3 after 64 minutes when Shaq Coulthirst sent the goalkeeper the wrong way from the penalty spot after Seamus Conneely had fouled Pearce.
Pearce then blocked off Kee to concede a penalty two minutes later and the burly striker sent Jake Kean the wrong way.
After both sides had hit a post it was left to Arquin to steal a late leveller.
Report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Mansfield Town 4, Accrington Stanley 4.
Second Half ends, Mansfield Town 4, Accrington Stanley 4.
Foul by Janoi Donacien (Accrington Stanley).
Shaquile Coulthirst (Mansfield Town) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Attempt missed. Sean Clare (Accrington Stanley) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
Substitution, Accrington Stanley. Sean Clare replaces Sean McConville.
Attempt missed. Shaquile Coulthirst (Mansfield Town) left footed shot from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right.
Goal!  Mansfield Town 4, Accrington Stanley 4. Yoann Arquin (Mansfield Town) right footed shot from outside the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Shaquile Coulthirst.
Attempt missed. Romuald Boco (Accrington Stanley) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
Sean McConville (Accrington Stanley) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Shaquile Coulthirst (Mansfield Town).
Lee Collins (Mansfield Town) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Sean McConville (Accrington Stanley) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Lee Collins (Mansfield Town).
Attempt missed. Krystian Pearce (Mansfield Town) header from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the left.
Foul by Mark Hughes (Accrington Stanley).
Benjamin Whiteman (Mansfield Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. Matty Pearson (Accrington Stanley) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Substitution, Accrington Stanley. Jonathan Edwards replaces Billy Kee because of an injury.
Sean McConville (Accrington Stanley) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Lee Collins (Mansfield Town).
Billy Kee (Accrington Stanley) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Billy Kee (Accrington Stanley).
Benjamin Whiteman (Mansfield Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Mansfield Town. Yoann Arquin replaces Danny Rose.
Attempt saved. Sean McConville (Accrington Stanley) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top left corner.
Billy Kee (Accrington Stanley) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Krystian Pearce (Mansfield Town).
Attempt missed. Mark Hughes (Accrington Stanley) header from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right.
Billy Kee (Accrington Stanley) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Krystian Pearce (Mansfield Town).
CJ Hamilton (Mansfield Town) hits the left post with a right footed shot from the centre of the box.
Substitution, Accrington Stanley. Romuald Boco replaces Shay McCartan because of an injury.
Substitution, Mansfield Town. Matt Green replaces Alexander MacDonald.
Attempt missed. Shay McCartan (Accrington Stanley) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left.
Attempt saved. Sean McConville (Accrington Stanley) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Goal!  Mansfield Town 3, Accrington Stanley 4. Billy Kee (Accrington Stanley) converts the penalty with a right footed shot to the bottom right corner.
Penalty Accrington Stanley. Billy Kee draws a foul in the penalty area.
Penalty conceded by Hayden White (Mansfield Town) after a foul in the penalty area.
Corner,  Accrington Stanley. Conceded by Krystian Pearce.


A couple in their 70s whose bodies were found in a burnt-out bungalow died from head and neck injuries, police have said.

Sussex Police believe they were attacked before their home in Chidham, near Chichester, was set alight.
Their bodies were discovered after fire crews put out the blaze on Saturday. A murder investigation is under way.
Detectives are waiting to speak to a man who was taken to hospital with severe burns later the same day.
Sussex Police said he was known to the couple, whose names have not been released by officers, and is "critically ill".
"It appears the couple were attacked before their home was set alight," said Det Ch Insp Tanya Jones.
"We are waiting to talk to a man who is being treated in hospital for severe burns and we believe this may be connected.
"He had attended an address in Rotherfield on Saturday lunchtime from where he was transferred to hospital.
"The information we have so far has led us to treat this man, who is known to the couple, as a potential suspect in our investigation."
She described the deaths as a "tragic incident" and said the force was supporting the family of the couple.
"[We] are working with colleagues from the fire service along with forensic and crime scene investigators to establish the circumstances."
Sussex Police initially said the couple who died were aged in their 90s.


With average petrol prices around 124.2p per litre at the moment, the government's calling for fuel firms to bring down costs at the pump.

The price companies pay for oil fell by about a quarter over the summer (from around Â£72 to Â£53 per barrel).
But the cost of petrol only dropped 6% in that time.
Chief Secretary to the Treasury Danny Alexander says: "The public have a suspicion that when the price of oil rises, pump prices go up like a rocket.
"But when the price of oil falls, pump prices drift down like a feather," he adds, although there's no research to suggest this actually happens.
Average price per litre:
Most expensive per litre:
Cheapest per litre:
Latest figures according to PetrolPrices.com
According to comparison site PetrolPrices.com, on Tuesday the most expensive petrol in the country was 143.9p per litre.
But fuel prices vary pretty dramatically around the country, so here are some of the cheapest prices Newsbeat listeners told us they've spotted today.


Instability on the stock markets has continued, despite better-than-expected US jobs figures.

Investors' confidence took another hit owing to growing concerns about the eurozone debt crisis and the weak economic recovery in the US and Europe.
European markets closed sharply lower for the second day but US shares recovered to close slightly higher.
Meanwhile, a report suggests credit rating agency Standard & Poor's will downgrade US government debt.
US network ABC reported that Washington expected S&P to cut its AAA rating following the protracted and acrimonious process of raising the country's debt ceiling.
Any downgrade would further erode global investors' confidence in the US economy.  S&P has declined to comment on the report.
Earlier, a decline in the US jobless rate caused the US markets to open higher and gave temporary relief to European indexes.
But London's FTSE and Frankfurt's Dax both closed down about 2.7%.
US stocks recovered from a late-morning slump to end the day slightly higher.
At a specially-convened press conference after European markets closed, Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi said that G7 finance ministers would meet within days to discuss measures to combat the eurozone debt crisis, which is the main cause of the growing turmoil in global financial markets.
He also said that Italy would speed up measures to balance its budget by 2013, a year earlier than planned, and work to amend the Italian constitution to make balanced budgets a requirement for future governments.
He also announced some labour market reforms.
European markets had been down as much as 4% in the morning, before recovering, and then lurching back down again by the end of the session.
"Failed rallies are not a good sign," said markets analyst Louise Cooper, from BGC Partners.
"Investors are just really, really nervous, thinking what can be done to get us out of this hole, and there are not many answers," she told BBC radio.
The FTSE 100 closed down 2.7%, with banking shares such as Lloyds, RBS and Barclays suffering falls as large as 7%. The London market has now lost 10% in the past week.
In Germany the Dax closed down 2.8%, while the French Cac 40 ended just over 1% down.
US stocks ended the session up 0.5% as investors recovered their poise following heavy falls in late morning trading.
Investors are also worried about the state of the US economy after recent data on economic growth and consumer spending raised questions about the strength of the recovery.
Some analysts have even suggested the US could be heading for another recession.
Earlier, the EU's Economic and Monetary Affairs Commissioner, Olli Rehn, said he thought the movements were "incomprehensible" and "not justified by the economic fundamentals", particularly in Italy and Spain, the latest focus of investors' concerns.
Analysts suggested the instability would continue as the main reasons for the concerns had not gone away.
"The markets are looking for a resolution on the eurozone debt crisis and that resolution is not easily at hand," said Jan Lambrets, head of financial markets at Rabobank, who forecast "a very grim road" in the months to come.
Investors are worried as European authorities have so far been unable to control the crisis and are unhappy that changes to a key rescue fund agreed last month have not yet been enacted.
"Until markets have seen some resolution, we're not going to see any return of confidence," Nomura economist Peter Westaway told BBC News.
"There was a lot of mutual backslapping after the eurozone summit a couple of weeks ago, but they haven't delivered," he said.
By Robert PestonBusiness editor, BBC News
Peston: Origins of today's market mayhem
US unemployment rate down in July
Mr Rehn stressed that measures to improve the scope and effectiveness of the 440bn-euros rescue fund, the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), agreed on 21 July, should be in place by September.
"The political will to defend the euro should not be underestimated," Mr Rehn added.
On Thursday, European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso called on eurozone countries to approve those changes as soon as possible, but also to consider expanding the fund further.
Many analysts argue these changes need to be implemented quickly in order to calm stock markets.
Mr Barroso said that authorities were failing to prevent the sovereign debt crisis from spreading. "We are no longer managing a crisis just in the euro-area periphery," he said.
His comments triggered sharp falls in markets across Europe because of fears that Italy and Spain might become engulfed in the crisis which has led to Greece, the Irish Republic and Portugal already being bailed out.
That sentiment ripped across the world, hitting markets in Asia and the US, where  the Dow Jones index had its worst day since December 2008, closing 4% down.
This latest crisis of confidence has come at a time when many of Europe's leaders are on holiday.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel held a telephone conference with French President Nicolas Sarkozy and Spanish Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero to discuss the latest problems in the eurozone.
UK Prime Minister David Cameron, who is on holiday in Italy, discussed the financial situation with Chancellor Merkel and the governor of the Bank of England, Mervyn King, on the telephone.
There were rumours earlier that the European Central Bank (ECB) was preparing to buy Spanish and Italian bonds to try to help those countries, which briefly helped their stock markets.
By Stephanie FlandersEconomics editor, BBC News
Flanders: Echoes of 2008
The ECB was said to have bought up bonds issued by the Irish and Portuguese governments on Thursday.
But traders were disappointed that the bank did not appear to have intervened to help Spain and Italy, whose borrowing costs have risen significantly recently.
Reports suggest the Italian government is under pressure from the ECB to implement reforms, hence Mr Berlusconi's hastily-arranged press conference.
On Friday, the head of the Belgian central bank and ECB governing council member, Luc Coene, said that a buy-back of Italian and Spanish debt was possible - if Rome and Madrid pressed ahead with economic reforms.
The gap between German bonds - the safest in Europe - and Spanish and Italian debt again reached a record since the euro was introduced in 1999.


A computer virus that tries to avoid detection by making the machine it infects unusable has been found.

If Rombertik's evasion techniques are triggered, it deletes key files on a computer, making it constantly restart.
Analysts said Rombertik was "unique" among malware samples for resisting capture so aggressively.
On Windows machines where it goes unnoticed, the malware steals login data and other confidential information.
Rombertik typically infected a vulnerable machine after a booby-trapped attachment on a phishing message had been opened, security researchers Ben Baker and Alex Chiu, from Cisco, said in a blogpost.
Some of the messages Rombertik travels with pose as business enquiry letters from Microsoft.
The malware "indiscriminately" stole data entered by victims on any website, the researchers said.
And it got even nastier when it spotted someone was trying to understand how it worked.
"Rombertik is unique in that it actively attempts to destroy the computer if it detects certain attributes associated with malware analysis," the researchers said.
The malware regularly carries out internal checks to see if it is under analysis.
If it believes it is, it will attempt to delete an essential Windows system file called the Master Boot Record (MBR).
It will then restart the machine which, because the MBR is missing, will go into an endless restart loop.
The code replacing the MBR makes the machine print out a message mocking attempts to analyse it.
Restoring a PC with its MBR deleted involves reinstalling Windows, which could mean important data is lost.
Rombertik also uses other tricks to foil analysis.
One involves writing a byte of data to memory 960 million times to overwhelm analysis tools that try to spot malware by logging system activity.
Security expert Graham Cluley said destructive viruses such as Rombertik were quite rare.
"It's not the norm," he said.
"That's because malware these days doesn't want to draw attention to itself, as that works against its typical goal - to lie in wait, stealing information for a long time."


About 100 eels and some brown trout have been killed after a stream in the Vale of Glamorgan was polluted.

Natural Resources Wales (NRW) officers are investigating following reports the water running through Llantwit Major was a milky colour.
Chris Rees, NRW team leader, said officers were working to try to identify the source of the pollution and assess any further impact.
He said if the source was found enforcement action would be taken.


When Pope Benedict XVI suddenly announced exactly one year ago that he was resigning for health reasons, he sent shock waves around the world.

No pope had resigned for 600 years.
A second surprise was that after spending a short period of rest at the papal summer villa at Castelgandolfo, near Rome, he decided to take up residence again inside the walls of Vatican City where a former convent had been converted for his personal use.
How would the ex-pontiff and the new reigning Pope manage to co-habit?
When rival popes were elected for political reasons in different parts of Europe during the late Middle Ages, it caused confusion and conflict within the church.
But in this case there has been an exceptionally smooth transition from one papacy to the next.
Pope Benedict, or rather Emeritus Pope Benedict to give him his new official title, lives only a few hundred metres away from his successor Pope Francis.
The two popes visit each other occasionally and communicate fairly frequently by telephone and letter.
Pope Benedict, who for the previous eight years was one of the world's highest profile public figures, now keeps deliberately out of the limelight.
"He lives discreetly without a public life, but that doesn't mean he is isolated," says Father Federico Lombardi, the Vatican's official spokesman.
The 86-year-old former pope spends his time very quietly: reading, praying, studying, handling correspondence, receiving occasional visitors.
He also plays Mozart and Beethoven on the baby grand piano that he brought with him when he left the spacious papal apartments in the Apostolic Palace.
The same four consecrated laywomen - who kept house for him when he was pope - continue to run his more modest new household.
They have been photographed with him, taking his daily walk with the aid of a black cane in the well manicured Vatican gardens behind St Peter's Basilica, an oasis of tranquillity., situated in the heart of Rome, yet sheltered from the din and traffic chaos of the Italian capital.
Benedict was guest of honour at a luncheon party given by Pope Francis at the Casa Santa Marta - the Vatican guest house where he has chosen to live - to celebrate his own 77th birthday just before Christmas.
Writing a few days later to the dissident Swiss theologian Hans Kueng - with whom he had had a serious falling out years ago, banning him from teaching at a Catholic university - the former Cardinal Ratzinger showed a much more conciliatory attitude than he had shown during his years in positions of power inside the Vatican.
"I am grateful  to be bound by a great identity of views and by a deep friendship with Pope Francis," he wrote to Prof Kueng. "My only final task is to support his papacy in my prayers."
Superficially, nothing much has changed inside the Vatican during the year of two popes.
Some key new appointments - such as that of the pope's deputy, or secretary of state, have been made by Pope Francis - but the weekly rhythm of business inside the world's smallest sovereign state continues as before.
Bishops from around the world are beginning to arrive again in national groups to make their annual five-yearly report to Rome on what is going on in their dioceses.
Heads of state and government are received in private audience by Pope Francis.
Attendance at the Pope's Wednesday General Audience and his regular Sunday blessing of the faithful in St Peter's Square has more than doubled since Pope Benedict's resignation.
This reflects the growing international popularity of his successor, the first Pope from the Americas, who has not surprisingly been declared person of the year by Time Magazine and been celebrated by cover stories in the New Yorker and even the pop music magazine Rolling Stone.
Archbishop Georg Gaenswein has been Pope Benedict's private secretary for nearly a decade and continues to live in the convent with the former pontiff.
He is one of the few people who see both popes on a daily basis, as he is also responsible for arranging the diary and engagements of Pope Francis as Head of the Papal Household.
"I try to be a bridge between both popes, and so far it has worked very well. I hope the two bosses are happy," the archbishop told Reuters news agency.


Heavy rain denied Northants the opportunity to push for victory as they drew against Sussex at Arundel.

Ed Joyce and Chris Nash both hit half-centuries between interruptions in play, before Nash was bowled by Rob Keogh for 53 before lunch.
Joyce was trapped lbw by Ben Sanderson after the break to give the visitors a slight hope of grasping a win.
Bad light stopped play with the hosts 145-2 as they held on to share the points with no further play possible.
Northants' seventh draw from their eight Division Two matches leaves them seventh and leave them trailing leaders Essex by 34 points.
With only one side promoted from the second tier this season, both sides are struggling, with Sussex lying in sixth position and only three points better off - albeit with a game in hand.


The comet being trailed through space by Europe's Rosetta probe has no magnetic field of its own.

The finding is significant because it answers one of the major questions of the mission - namely, did magnetic fields play a major role in pulling together the material that makes up icy dirt-balls like 67P?
On this evidence, it would seem not.
Other formation processes must have been paramount in the nascent Solar System, 4.5 billion years ago.
Researchers working on the European Space Agency mission released their assessment here at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly meeting. They have also published a paper in the journal Science.
The data to support the discovery comes in part from the spacecraft Rosetta, but also from its lander Philae, which was dropped on to the surface of 4km-wide 67P last November. Both carry sensitive magnetometers.
When the "mothership" and lander parted company, they began a series of measurements of their local environment.
The pair could sense not only the magnetic field carried in the solar wind streaming off the Sun, but their interactions with it as they moved.
In the case of Philae, this allowed scientists to understand changes in direction and even the action of onboard electronic equipment and the deployment of structures such as legs and booms.
In the data, researchers can see the moment Philae first touches the surface of Comet 67P. It is detected in the movement of the magnetometer boom and a change in rotation.
Famously, the robot bounced, and data indicates that after a period of 46 minutes, and after covering a distance of some 630m, Philae made its next contact with the surface. But this is clearly a glancing blow with a cliff structure, because the interpretation of the data is that the robot starts tumbling.
A further 600 metres into its unexpected journey across the comet, Philae made a more solid touchdown, before briefly lifting up again and coming to rest, finally, in the dark ditch it managed to photograph just prior to running out of battery power. From first to fourth contact is a separation of 117 minutes.
To tell this full story, scientists had to pull together a range of other information gathered during the descent, but the critical observation is that throughout the bouncing, Philae saw no correlation between the strength of the magnetic field and its height above the surface.  This is not consistent with 67P itself being responsible for that field. The only field being sensed was the one carried in the solar wind.
If there was an intrinsic field, Philae would have seen its strength increase as it got closer to the surface, and decrease as it moved away (after the glancing blow, it moved 240m above the surface).
This is not to say materials at the surface are not magnetised. Some clearly are; dust particles will include iron in the form of magnetite.
But the interpretation is that the comet in general would betray a global signal had magnetic fields played a prominent role during formation by aligning and clumping together the particles from which it is made.
"We know of course that our spatial resolution is limited by the distance between the sensor and the surface, so we can only say something about magnetisation for scales of one metre or larger," explained Hans-Ulrich Auster, who leads the Romap instrument on Philae.
"We can say nothing about millimetre of centimetre-scale particles, but for these larger particles we can exclude that magnetic forces have played a role in the accumulation of planetary building blocks."
And Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, who works on Rosetta's magnetometer, added: "We feel that the magnetic fields in the early Solar System must have been much smaller than previously thought - because if they had been larger, we most probably would have seen a much larger magnetisation at the comet."
To give an idea of the sensitivity of the measurements - the instruments are detecting signals down to 2 nanoTesla. By contrast, a magnetometer at the surface of the Earth would register a reading in the order of 50,000nT.
Scientists do not know precisely where Philae is resting on Comet 67P. They have a good idea, to within 30-50m - but one of the interesting asides from this research is that they do know now very well, to within a few degrees, the orientation of the lander.
The onboard magnetometer acts like a compass, and the last reported data tells the team which way Philae's legs and feet must be pointing.
Meanwhile the search for the lander goes on.  Rosetta is now routinely listening out for a call from the robot.
If enough light can get into its dark ditch to illuminate its solar panels, Philae should be able to boot up.  This could happen as the comet moves closer to the Sun in the next 3-4 months.
The German space agency's lander manager, Stephan Ulamec, is cautious, however. He has concerns about the temperature in the ditch.  If it is very cold, generated electricity would be diverted to heating the robot, not transmitting a signal to Rosetta.
"We have been very, very cold now in the period of hibernation, which could cause damage to electronics boards," he told BBC News.
"Also, in order to wake up, we need a temperature of at least minus 45C, and this could explain why we've had no contact with Philae yet."
Sending Rosetta closer to the comet to try to photograph the robot's location once again seems to be out of the question. 67P is throwing off so much gas and dust that the probe gets confused about its position in space relative to the stars, which it uses for navigation.
"We are at a distance of about 100km and stepping closer, but how closer we can get I just can't say at the moment. It could well be that now we have to stay at a considerable stand-off location," said Matt Taylor, the Esa Rosetta project scientist.
August is when the comet will be closest to the Sun and at its most active.  Only towards the end of the year will the emissions begin to die back.


The Education Authority (EA) has postponed a decision on cutting hours for special school nursery pupils.

It means seven schools will continue to offer full-time nursery places in the 2017/18 school year.
In March 2016, the BBC revealed that the EA planned to cut the hours children received in special school nurseries from 4.5 to 2.5 hours a day.
That was criticised by the then education minister John O'Dowd, who ordered the EA to review it.
A number of special school principals, parents of children with special needs and MLAs were also critical of the plans.
The EA subsequently apologised and announced that a number of schools would continue to offer full-time places.
Their review was to lead to new arrangements coming into place for pupils starting nursery in September 2017.
However, any new arrangements will not now take effect until September 2018.
EA chief executive Gavin Boyd said the delay was due to the assembly election in March, which meant a public consultation on the plans had not been held.
"Public consultations on significant policy proposals could not be launched in the period before an election," he said.
"There is not sufficient time now to complete an eight-week consultation, review responses, and prepare for implementation in line with the original timeframe.
"Therefore, the consultation is likely to commence in September 2017 and interim arrangements are required."
However, Alliance Party MLA Chris Lyttle said that the EA were ignoring the views of parents and principals.
"A public consultation was scheduled to run from 10 January to 10 March 2017," he said.
"The EA has instead claimed that the assembly election period, which only commenced on 26 January 2017, delayed this consultation and required an extension of the so-called interim cut.
"Education Authority officials passed this decision to extend the reduction in hours for the 2017/18 academic year at an EA Board meeting in March 2017, when eight political board members had yet to be appointed further to the assembly election.
"This review had been ongoing since at least October 2016.
"It is hard to conclude that the presentation of this decision for approval in the absence of EA Board political appointees was anything other than an attempt to circumvent political accountability on this important matter."


Hundreds of people have attended a vigil in memory of a man from Northern Ireland who died in Ibiza last weekend.

Alan Drennan, a mechanic and doorman from Newtownabbey in County Antrim, had left with friends for a holiday to the Spanish island on Saturday.
The 21-year-old is understood to have died less than 24 hours later. His body was found in his hotel room.
Spanish police told BBC News NI there were no signs of violence and the death appeared to be of natural causes.
However, they are waiting for an autopsy to be carried out and could not say when that would take place.
On Wednesday evening, friends and family of Mr Drennan released balloons and lanterns at Loughshore park in Jordanstown, County Antrim.
Mr Drennan's family have said a repatriation trust set up in the name of Kevin Bell, a Newry man who died in a suspected hit-and-run in New York in 2013, is covering the cost of bringing his body back to Northern Ireland.