Whoever is elected in the general election must be held to account on mental health issues, says the government's care minister.

Norman Lamb was being questioned by 26-year-old Newsbeat listener Annabelle Harris who is recovering from an eating disorder.
She started to develop the disorder from the age of 10 but it wasn't picked up until three years later.
After Annabelle told Newsbeat her story we took her to meet Norman Lamb.
She asked him some key questions about his plans on helping people.
The Liberal Democrat MP has pledged Â£150 million over the next five years in improving services, reducing waiting times and supporting families.
The idea is we introduce access waiting time standard so you know that you'll access support within a defined period of time.
Critically it has to be access to an evidence based service that will work - such as places like Slam in London.
It seems to me that they have a really impressive service, there is rapid intervention and it's community based.
Critically, it involves getting access to specialist support really quickly and results show that they achieve recovery much more quickly.
That's the approach I want to take but I just want it mainstreamed, it should be available everywhere but it takes time to build the capacity in the system.
We've made the judgement there is an overwhelming moral and economic imperative to invest in mental health across the board.
Will other parties do it? Well I just think we have to all hold whoever's elected to account on this.
I think we've got to that point in our history where mental health's time has come.
There's a growing understanding and recognition of the complete false economy in thinking you can trim back on mental health and no one will notice.
There is loads of evidence that if you invest in mental health you'll make further savings down the track and you can make a massive difference to people's lives
I think it is.
NHS England is leading on this - we've set the standard, we've got the money and the investment is there to do it.
We expect that standard to be met by April 2016 which includes six week standard to access psychological therapies for anxiety, depression and other mental health conditions.
But another critical standard is to access treatment within two weeks if you have first episode for psychosis which again has a massive impact on young people.
Labour says it will end the "scandalous'" neglect of mental health services if Labour takes power in May's General Election.
Ed Miliband says he wants his party to raise budgets for children's mental health services, expanding early intervention work and widening access to school-based therapy.
Get help with eating disorders at BBC Advice.
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Moors Murderer Ian Brady's body has been released to his lawyer, a coroner has confirmed.

The serial killer's corpse was under police guard while arrangements were made to transfer his remains to Robin Makin, the executor of his will.
Brady, who tortured and killed five children with lover Myra Hindley, was jailed in 1966. He died on Monday.
Coroner Christopher Sumner had delayed the release until "assurances" about Brady's funeral arrangements were made.
My letters from the Moors Murderer
The killer who showed no remorse
The five victims of the Moors Murders
The 79-year-old serial killer died at Ashworth Hospital, a secure psychiatric unit in Merseyside.
A Sefton Council spokesman confirmed a mortuary release form had been sent to the location where Brady's remains were being held, understood to be the Royal Liverpool University Hospital.
At the opening of an inquest on Tuesday senior coroner Mr Sumner refused to release the body until he was satisfied that a funeral director and crematorium willing to take it had been found.
He also asked for an assurance Brady's ashes would not be scattered on Saddleworth Moor where the bodies of four victims were found.
At a reconvened hearing on Wednesday, the coroner's court heard Mr Makin had said there was "no likelihood" this would happen.
Brady and Hindley were jailed for life for the killings of John Kilbride, 12, Lesley Ann Downey, 10, and Edward Evans, 17.
In 1985 he also admitted to the murders of Pauline Reade, 16, and Keith Bennett, who was 12, although he was never tried for those crimes.
Born in Glasgow in 1938, Brady later moved to Manchester, where he met Hindley, and died at Ashworth Hospital, where he was detained from 1985 onwards.
The inquest at Southport town hall was told Brady's cause of death was cor pulmonale, a form of heart failure, secondary to bronchopneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or lung disease.
Mr Sumner said a full inquest would be held on 29 June.
A Merseyside Police spokesman said the transfer of the body to Mr Makin ended its involvement.


Police are keen to trace a man who suffered head injuries following a serious assault at a house in Glasgow.

Officers were called to a disturbance at Penicuik Way in Carntyne at about 04:00 on Sunday.
It was reported that a man in his mid 20s to early 30s suffered head injuries but left in a taxi and did not contact emergency services.
The man was described as white, of a slim build, about 5ft 6in tall with short dark hair.
He was wearing a black leather jacket and dark jeans.
The driver of the taxi confirmed that the man was dropped off in Kinsail Drive, Penilee. Door-to-door inquiries in the area have so far been unsuccessful.
Officers want to speak to him to make sure he is safe and well and does not require medical attention.
Det Con Jennifer Carey said: "We are in the process of establishing the circumstances of what has happened in the house where the disturbance took place.
"We are making every effort to try and trace the injured man and I'm appealing for him to contact us so that we can be assured he is all right."


A woman who died after being hit by a generator which fell from a lorry in East Sussex has been named as Emma Beeney.

Mrs Beeney, 40, of Willow Close, Etchingham, was killed in the village at 06:55 BST on Monday.
Her mother Maggie described her as "the most beautiful person and the most precious person".
Mrs Beeney was walking to the station with her husband when the electricity generator fell, the BBC understands.
The Army warrant officer, who was based in Andover, Hampshire, died at the scene in Etchingham High Street near the level crossing, Sussex Police said.
The generator fell from a Ford Transit flatbed lorry, according to the force.
Her husband, Rob, was taken to hospital with serious head injuries, where he remains in a stable condition.
A 42-year-old Ashford man has been arrested on suspicion of causing death by dangerous driving and has been bailed until 5 October.
Mrs Beeney's family left flowers at the scene with a card that reads: "For our beautiful and precious Emma, with all our love from Rob, Mum & Dad, Mike, Sharon, David and all the family. In our hearts forever."
Another card reads: "Words are not enough to express how sad we feel to have lost someone in our village under such tragic circumstances."
Mrs Beeney's friend Yvonne Jones said her death was beyond belief.
"It's shocking news - heartbreaking," she said.
"I just can't accept it. Its really, really hard to believe."
Councillor John Barnes, the chairman of Etchingham Parish Council said he was "totally devastated".
"They were young, with their lives ahead of them," he said. "One of them is injured and one of them dead. You just feel so conscious of the tragedy."
He later tweeted: "Etchingham has long-expected an accident in the High Street, but the village is shell-shocked by this loss. Huge sympathy for Emma's family."
Ch Insp Rosie Ross of Sussex Police said: "This was a tragic incident and we are investigating the circumstances.
"We would like to hear from anyone who saw the lorry before the incident or what actually happened."


The parents of Madeleine McCann have attended a church service in their home village to mark the tenth anniversary of her disappearance.

Kate and Gerry McCann joined villagers and well-wishers at Rothley Parish Church in Leicestershire to say prayers for their missing daughter.
The three-year-old vanished during a family holiday in Portugal in 2007.
Rev Rob Gladstone, who led the service, paid tribute to those still working to find Madeleine.
Prayers for other missing children were also read out during the service, which Kate McCann helped to organise.
It had originally been due to take place outside at the village's war memorial but was moved indoors to give the McCann family more privacy.
The service began with Cat Stevens' recording of 'Morning Has Broken' being played out.
Rev Gladstone then told the congregation: "Lord we thank you for sustaining Gerry and Kate through these painful years.
"We pray for the team of women and men who are still searching for Madeleine and other missing children.
"May the Holy Spirit help them as they work hard to find out the truth."
Messages tied with yellow ribbon - signifying hope - had been placed at the church by local schoolchildren.
Prayers were also due to be said for Madeleine at a church service in the Portuguese resort of Praia da Luz, where she went missing.
A sunset balloon release at a nearby beach was also planned.


The government says it will make £250m available to help English councils keep or restore weekly bin collections.

Communities Secretary Eric Pickles told the BBC he believed the money would make a "significant difference".
The government says only councils which guarantee weekly collections for five years and demonstrate improvements in recycling and procurement are eligible.
But Labour's Caroline Flint said the money was effectively a bribe to councils to "save Eric Pickles' face".
More than half of English councils run some form of fortnightly collection.
Many have invested in technology to operate alternate weekly schemes - in many areas the recycling is taken one week, general waste the next - and say fortnightly schemes encourage recycling and minimise expensive landfill taxes.
But Mr Pickles called it a "basic right" for homes to have their rubbish taken away weekly.
Asked whether £250m was enough, he told the BBC he believed it would make "a significant difference".
"[Councils] already receive significant sums of money in order to do collections. This is not a bung, they would have to bid for a scheme to improve procurement, or to introduce incentive schemes for recycling or to introduce schemes whereby we look towards mechanical sorting of biological and recyclable waste."
"It will change a great deal... I think there's a recognition by all those concerned in the trade that this will make a significant difference."
The Weekly Collections Support Scheme is being funded by the Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG) - no other budgets would be cut to pay for the scheme, it said.
In 2008, Mr Pickles told the Conservative Party conference that weekly collections would "be back" if the party gained power.
But in June the government admitted it could not force councils to provide weekly collections.
Mr Pickles told the BBC on Friday the government was not trying to force councils to do anything - but wanted to remove the financial incentive to go to fortnightly collections.
However, shadow communities secretary Caroline Flint dismissed the proposal as a "pre-Tory-conference stunt".
The Daily Express welcomes the move, declaring "sanity at last!"
The Telegraph's editorial says the extra cash means local councils have run out of excuses for not delivering on their core responsibility.
But the Daily Mail, which has campaigned on this issue, notes that Eric Pickles cannot force local authorities to make collections.
David Blackburn warns, in the Spectator, it has come at the "expense of accommodating cash-hungry local government, which could set a worrying precedent".
Finally, Green Party coordinator Rupert Reed fears, in Left Foot Forward, that the move could reduce the amount of recycling.
"They are pulling out of the hat £250m to bribe councils to follow what Eric Pickles wants them to do, and that is to save Eric Pickles' face," she said.
"What is worrying is why, if there is £250m available, they are not thinking about Sure Start centres and helping young people in further education?"
She said it appeared the money would only cover two and half years' worth of collections but councils would be expected to sign up for five years.
Friends of the Earth waste campaigner Julian Kirby told the BBC that fortnightly bin collections meant more recycling and reduced landfill.
And the Conservative leader of Wyre Forest District Council, John Campion told the BBC he would rather spend the money on other things.
"Yes, we can look at frequency but it is on the 'nice to have' list rather than the 'must have' list which is now about jobs and protecting the economy and getting the district working again."
But the Conservative Chairman of the Local Government Association, Sir Merrick Cockell, welcomed the news.
He told BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "Any bid has to demonstrate the potential to increase recycling rates, which is one of the reasons a lot of councils went to every two weeks, and to provide other environmental benefits - reducing fly tipping, litter and all that side of good environmental waste collection. So, there's not one side to these bids."
At a time when the government is making large spending cuts, Mr Pickles was asked where the money had come from.
He said: "It's not easy to find... clearly my department's been cutting down a lot on waste and this money is coming out of my department."
Keith House, the LGA's Lib Dem environment spokesman, said the new money was good news but added: "There is more than a whiff of old fashioned 'Whitehall knows best' in Eric Pickles' diktat that only councils that provide weekly bin collection will be eligible for the new money."


A farm shop owner from Newry, County Down, is celebrating after claiming more than £1.7m with a winning ticket on the National Lottery.

Simon Savage, only realised he had hit the jackpot after seeing media reports of a huge unclaimed prize.
And despite becoming a millionaire he says he is keeping his shop open on Christmas Eve so customers can collect their turkeys.
He said they were "shocked but amused" to see him still working after his win.
"I've had the shop now for eight years and have built up a loyal customer base that I would never let down, no matter what," he said.
The lotto draw had taken place on 29 November, but it was only after a public appeal to locate the winner that he searched for the crucial tickets that were lying around his house.
Mr Savage's winning numbers were 6, 11, 18, 19, 38 and 42.
"I had tickets in a couple of different places and the first batch I looked at had no winners, but when I looked under a cheque I planned to lodge in the bank later that day, I found two more tickets," he said.
"When I checked those, to my utter amazement one of them had the winning numbers but I still couldn't quite believe what I was seeing so I got my brother to check it again.
"I just pushed the ticket towards him and asked him to check the numbers.
"I was shaking so he asked me to sit down and after checking the numbers and dates all corresponded he told me the amazing news.
"I think we were both in shock and didn't know what to do.  In the end, he just shook my hand and congratulated me."
Mr Savage has had impaired hearing since his 20s and intends spending some of his new-found wealth on finding a solution.
He also plans to go on a holiday when his normally busy Christmas period is over.


Matt Kvesic, Mouritz Botha and Ugo Monye have been called into England's Six Nations training squad.

Worcester back-row forward Kvesic comes in for Exeter's Tom Johnson, who was taken off on a stretcher with suspected ligament damage against Leinster.
Saracens second row Botha replaces Calum Clark, who was forced off with a shoulder injury in the first half of Northampton's game against Glasgow.
Clark and Johnson are doubts for England's Six Nations opener.
Stuart Lancaster's men kick off their campaign against Scotland at Twickenham on 2 February.
Monye has been drafted in as cover while England's medical team assess players who featured in the Heineken Cup this weekend.
Gloucester and England fly-half Freddie Burns is to have a scan on the knee injury he suffered in their Challenge Cup win over Mont de Marsan.


The right-wing nationalist Alternative for Germany (AfD) has pushed Chancellor Angela Merkel's ruling conservatives into third place in a regional election.

The AfD was founded in 2013 as an anti-euro party but has turned its focus to immigration and Islam. It now has MPs in nine of Germany's 16 state parliaments, and is aiming to win its first seats nationally in next year's federal elections.
What does the AfD stand for, and why has its popularity grown?
The AfD has capitalised on a nationalist backlash against Chancellor Merkel's welcome for more than a million migrants and refugees in 2015.
Anxiety about immigration dominated the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania election on 4 September, enabling the AfD to take second place (almost 21%), behind the centre-left Social Democrats (SPD - 30.6%) but ahead of Mrs Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU - 19%).
When the numbers of migrants arriving in Germany surged in 2014-2015 the AfD made that the focus of its party platform. There were contacts with the anti-immigration Pegida movement, which staged weekly marches against what it called "the Islamisation of the West".
The AfD also adopted some of Pegida's anti-establishment rhetoric, for example the slogan "Luegenpresse" ("lying press"), which has echoes of the Nazi era.
Germany must reintroduce permanent border controls and the EU's external borders must be "completely shut", the AfD says. That position contradicts Schengen - the EU's free movement zone, covering most of Europe, where border checks are generally minimal.
AfD leader Frauke Petry has said German police should "if necessary" shoot at migrants seeking to enter the country illegally.
The AfD calls for stricter asylum rules to curb abuse of the system, including vetting of claims in countries of origin that are deemed "safe", to stop so many migrants coming to Germany.
In May 2016, the AfD adopted an explicitly anti-Islam policy, and its programme (in German) has a section explaining why it believes "Islam does not belong to Germany".
There is no room for Muslim practices and beliefs that go against "the free, democratic social foundation, our laws and the Judaeo-Christian and humanistic bases of our culture", it says.
So the AfD would ban foreign funding of mosques in Germany, ban the burka (full-body veil) and the Muslim call to prayer, and put all imams through a state vetting procedure.
"Moderate" Muslims who accept integration are "valued members of society", the programme says. But it argues that multiculturalism does not work.
An estimated three million people of Turkish origin live in Germany, most of them Muslims.
The AfD rejects as "degrading" the EU's controversial deal with Turkey, aimed at stopping the influx of migrants via the Balkans.
In return for Turkish help in reducing the numbers reaching the Greek islands, the EU offered visa-free travel to the Schengen zone.  Turkey also wants to see real progress in its problematic negotiations to join the EU.
The AfD's launch in early 2013 was all about challenging the eurozone bailouts and rejecting the EU's arguments for keeping the euro.
It has since veered right with policies on migrants and Islam but still promises to give German voters a referendum on the euro.
The party's first leader, Bernd Lucke, led a group of economists who objected to the bailouts of Greece and other struggling southern European countries. They said German taxpayers should not be made liable for massive debts incurred by profligate eurozone governments.
Mr Lucke left the AfD in 2015, arguing that it was becoming increasingly xenophobic. It was the first of several high-profile power struggles in the AfD.
The party tapped into widespread German anxiety about the Greek debt crisis, and seven AfD members were elected to the European Parliament in 2014. However, only two of those MEPs remain in the AfD, after policy disputes.
Its anti-euro policy echoes the Euroscepticism of other right-wing parties in Europe, especially the French National Front (FN), the UK Independence Party (UKIP) and Austria's Freedom Party (FPOe).
More powers must return to the nation states, the AfD says, opposing all "centralising" moves in the EU, and anything that smacks of Euro-federalism.
If the EU fails to reform and continues centralising, the AfD says, the party will seek to pull Germany out of the EU.
In another echo of anti-EU parties, the AfD argues that elite, establishment politicians are too remote from ordinary voters, and that more policies should be decided by Swiss-style referendums.
AfD leader Frauke Petry has launched an alliance with Austria's FPOe, which is hoping to win a re-run presidential election in October.
A note on terminology: The BBC uses the term migrant to refer to all people on the move who have yet to complete the legal process of claiming asylum. This group includes people fleeing war-torn countries such as Syria, who are likely to be granted refugee status, as well as people who are seeking jobs and better lives, who governments are likely to rule are economic migrants.


Italian police have seized €2bn (£1.4bn, $2.2bn) of assets that belonged to a powerful mafia group in a series of raids.

The seizures included hundreds of betting shops owned by the 'Ndrangheta, who experts say are behind most of Europe's cocaine trade.
Police also issued 41 arrest warrants.
Italy's Interior Minister, Angelino Alfano, said the raids in the southern Calabria region were "a serious blow to the 'Ndrangheta".
Police said they had seized at least 1,500 betting shops, 82 gambling websites, 45 Italian companies and 11 foreign firms, as well as a large number of other properties.
Six of the companies were in Malta, they said. Two were in Spain, two in Romania and one was in Austria.
The gang "recycled an enormous amount of 'dirty' money through the use of gaming accounts assigned to willing or unwitting people," a police statement said.
"They bypassed the laws governing this sector, accumulating significant profits that were then reinvested in the acquisition of new companies and licences to further expand their activities," it added.
The 'Ndrangheta is a network of clans in the "toe" of Italy that dominates the country's cocaine trade.
It is one of the most powerful mafia organisations in Italy, along with the Sicilian Cosa Nostra and the Neapolitan Camorra.
Last year, while visiting Calabria - the 'Ndrangheta's base - Pope Francis criticised the group's "adoration of evil and contempt of the common good".
Two weeks ago, police seized more than €1.6bn in assets from five Sicilian siblings suspected of links to the mafia.


The head of the Pensions Regulator learned about the sale of BHS for £1 last year through the media, MPs heard.

Lesley Titcomb said: "We were not, as I'm aware, advised in advance. We learnt about the sale from the newspapers."
She was giving evidence to MPs about the collapse last month of BHS, whose pension fund had a £571m deficit.
The pensions watchdog was first in discussions with BHS in 2009 about its pension fund deficit.
As soon as the sale of BHS by Sir Philip Green to a consortium called Retail Acquisitions was announced, Ms Titcomb said the Regulator opened an anti-avoidance case to determine whether the previous owners should be pursued to make up the fund's shortfall.
Richard Fuller, one of the MPs attending the joint hearing of the Work and Pensions and Business select committees, said the pensions watchdog did "not sound like much of a regulator".
Ms Titcomb disagreed and said it would be inappropriate to put a greater burden on most employers who behave properly.
When pension funds had deficits she said the company it belonged to had to be given sufficient time to rectify that situation. It was difficult when people were "irresponsible", but that was not the case in the vast majority of situations, Ms Titcomb told MPs.
However, the head of the Pension Protection Fund (PPF) earlier told MPs that rescue plans to erase deficits for pension schemes should have time limits.
Alan Rubenstein said that in 2012 BHS's pension fund trustees had submitted a 23-year plan to return the fund to a surplus.
He said the average length of a recovery plan was nine years: "We've learned that 23-year recovery plans are rather ambitious."
The PPF wanted recovery periods to be "as short as possible", but he acknowledged that the Pensions Regulator did not want to "push companies over the edge".
He told MPs that the cost to the PPF to rescue BHS's pension fund would be about £275m - a sum that he said would not affect the fund's finances.
The PPF, which protects pensioners in the event of a company failing with a pension fund that is in deficit, is funded by a levy on all UK pension funds.
Mr Rubenstein said that the Pensions Regulator should have more power to intervene in takeovers when it was concerned about a company's pension scheme deficit.
He told MPs that a subsidiary of the Arcadia Group called Davenbush withdrew a guarantee for the BHS pension scheme in 2012. Arcadia is the retail empire controlled by Sir Philip.
Sir Philip, the owner of Top Shop, has agreed next month to answer MPs' questions about the sale of BHS, which he owned for 15 years.
Tom McPhail, head of retirement policy at Hargreaves Lansdown, said the UK's pension system was "creaking at the seams".
"The revelations that the BHS scheme had a 23-year deficit reduction programme and that the Regulator didn't know about the sale of BHS until announced in the papers raises uncomfortable questions about the adequacy of the protection of pension scheme members generally," he said.
"Pension investors, whether in final salary schemes or money purchase arrangements, have a right to expect their retirement savings to be protected by professional managers operating to high regulatory standards."
Separately, the Work and Pensions Committee said it had invited the former and current Chair of Trustees and Trustees of the BHS pension fund to give evidence on 25 May.


People who need treating with repeated courses of antibiotics may be at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, researchers have found.

The European Journal of Endocrinology study traced antibiotic prescriptions given out to a million UK patients.
The authors say the findings do not necessarily mean that the drugs trigger diabetes - instead, infections may be a warning sign that diabetes is imminent.
They say more work is now needed to understand the link.
The study looked at how many antibiotic prescriptions had been given to 208,000 diabetic patients - both type 1 and type 2 diabetics - at least one year before they were diagnosed with their condition, compared with 816,000 non-diabetic patients of the same age and sex.
Nearly half of the patients had been prescribed antibiotics at some point over the course of the study period.
And the researchers found the risk of type 2 diabetes went up with the number of antibiotic prescriptions a patient received.
For example:
No link was found with antifungal drugs and antiviral drugs. And antibiotic use did not appear to affect risk of type 1 diabetes.
The researchers, Dr Ben Boursi and colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in the US, believe changes to gut bacteria triggered by taking antibiotics might explain their findings.
Our guts are lined with billions of bacteria and antibiotics can wipe some of these out.
Studies in animals and humans have hinted that changes to this "digestive ecosystem" might contribute to conditions such as diabetes and obesity.
Dr Boursi said: "Over-prescription of antibiotics is already a problem around the world as bacteria become increasingly resistant to their effects.
"Our findings are important, not only for understanding how diabetes may develop, but as a warning to reduce unnecessary antibiotic treatments that might do more harm than good."
But some say repeated infections could be a sign that diabetes is developing. People with type 2 diabetes are prone to skin and urine infections, for example.
Prof Jodi Lindsay from St George's, University of London, said that since people with type 2 diabetes were at increased risk of developing infections, it was hard to tease the two apart.
"This is a very large and helpful study linking diabetes with antibiotic consumption in the UK public, but at this stage we don't know which is the chicken and which is the egg.
"The idea that antibiotics might contribute to diabetes development might be important and more research needs to be done."
There are two main types: type 1 and type 2


Men who delay starting a family are more likely to have "geekier" sons, a study suggests.

They were brighter, more focused and less bothered about fitting in - according to the "Geek Index" devised by King's College London.
The mother's age had no impact, and daughters seemed to be immune.
One scientist said a trend for delayed parenthood might mean we were heading towards a "society of geniuses" able to solve the world's problems.
The findings are rare good news in the science of delayed fatherhood.
Repeated studies have shown that older sperm is more prone to genetic errors and children are more likely to develop autism and schizophrenia.
The researchers looked at test results from 15,000 twins taking part in a huge study tracking their development.
The team then created the Geek Index by scoring the twins geeky traits, when they were 12, by looking at their:
Those with a high geek score, unsurprisingly, went on to do better at school - particularly in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Possible explanations include:
Dr Magdalena Janecka, from King's College London, told the BBC News website: "Paternal age should not be the main focus when we're thinking about risk, individual families should not influence their decisions on parenthood based on these findings."
The gender differences are not fully explained.
It could be the measure of geekiness failed to spot differences in how it emerged in boys and girls, the scientists said. Or it could be down to differences in the way the brains of the boys and girls developed.
Prof Allan Pacey, from the University of Sheffield, said: "Whilst it may be chic to be a geek, I would not recommend that would-be parents delay their plans to start a family to specifically increase the odds of having a child with geek-like qualities.
"The dangers of older parenting are well described, such as an increased risk of infertility, miscarriage, or conceiving a child with a variety of debilitating disorders.
"However, I do find the idea of a 'geek gene' quite intriguing, and, given our recent trend to have our children later in life, perhaps we are destined for future society of geniuses that are going to help us solve all the world's problems."
The research team also believe some genetic traits being inherited from older fathers could be affecting both geekiness and autism.
Dr Janecka said: "When the child is born only with some of those genes, they may be more likely to succeed in school.
"However, with a higher 'dose' of these genes, and when there are other contributing risk factors, they may end up with a higher predisposition for autism."
Follow James on Twitter.


Simon Mulholland and his pony, Obama, offer wheelchair users a chance to go off-road across terrain that would otherwise be impossible for them to access.

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2 April 2015 Last updated at 03:59 BST
Mr Mulholland's company, Pony Access, is based in Devon, and here he explains how it works.
Photofilm produced and photographed by Paul Glendell
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Mohammad Sidique Khan, a 30-year-old married father-of-one, was the oldest of the four suicide bombers - and the head of the plot.

Born in the UK to Pakistani parents who had become British, Sidique Khan, as he was more generally known, spent his life in Leeds, Batley and Dewsbury.
He was the youngest of six and he grew up in Beeston, a deprived, ethnically mixed area of Leeds.
Friends recalled a Westernised young man who called himself Sid.
After school, he worked for the Benefits Agency before starting a business studies degree at Leeds Metropolitan University. There, he met his future wife, Hasina, a British Muslim of Indian origin. Despite initial disapproval from their families, they married on 2 October 2001 and had a daughter in May 2004.
The couple moved out of Beeston to nearby Batley, and then to Dewsbury, but remained a part of the local community through his work as a primary school teaching assistant and youth worker.
His role at the school was that of "learning mentor", working with children who were struggling with work, as well as those with behavioural problems.
By the time he began this job in 2001, he had become more curious about his Islamic faith and world politics. Information gathered by the police indicates that he had flirted with various strands of more hardline thinking - and his own brother is said to have tried to dissuade him from getting involved in the now-banned Al Muhajiroun Islamist groups.
He told associates that he had turned to religion after a far from blameless youth. He had been involved in drugs and had a number of run-ins with the police, including cautions for assault and receiving stolen goods.
It's not clear exactly when his public views hardened to the point of extremism but evidence and anecdotes suggest that his views were formed by 2001.
Around this time, West Yorkshire Police were already monitoring a number of suspected extremists. Khan attended a camp in the Lake District with these men. He was secretly filmed by the police, but detectives were unable to identify him at the time.
Those associations continued and he became involved in a local bookshop, Iqra, and also in a gym for local disaffected youth. He would help to organise camping trips and other youth-work diversionary activities.
Khan saw religion as an important community tool, offering an anchor to local teenagers through gym clubs at a local mosque and a community centre.
But his real views were beginning to emerge.
Mark Hargreaves was an outdoor pursuits instructor who worked with Khan on some of these activities.
"My lasting memory of him was that he has been brainwashed," he said. "He was totally over the top.
"Every opportunity to bring Islam into a conversation would be manipulated, anything at all. We were sat in a cave, for instance, it was very cold and dark, and he used that as an opportunity to explain to me how the light of Islam could come into my life, and it was constant, it was just a constant barrage of these kinds of things. After a while, it became quite tiring."
One of the pupils that he mentored later told police of a conversation at the bookshop, during which Khan said people would "pay" for what had happened to Pakistan.
Khan had bought into the anger over the state of his parents' homeland and, in particular, the continuing conflict over Kashmir.
Khan's journey to suicide almost certainly started as a fund-raiser for the Pakistani mujahideen, collecting cash in communities and handing it over to higher-level contacts who would organise its shipment across the world.
In 2001, Khan and his close friend Waheed Ali travelled to a camp in Kashmir run by Harakat ul-Mujahidin, a militant group. From the camp, they crossed into Afghanistan, reaching the Taliban's front line with the Northern Alliance. They returned home days before the 9/11 attacks on the US.
But his extra-curricular activities also destroyed his career in education: He was sacked in 2004 after increasingly poor attendance.
In the early stages of 2004, Khan was in the thick of extremist activity in the UK - and appeared four times on what the Security Service describes as the "periphery" of another investigation. MI5 was watching Omar Khyam - a man later jailed for plotting a massive fertiliser bomb attack. Khan met him repeatedly in February and March, asking for advice.
The men had first met in 2003 when Khan had again attended a training camp in Pakistan with British jihadists.
Khan put off his plans to leave for Pakistan because his wife was pregnant. Their daughter was born in May 2004.
Khan delayed his plans to leave the UK until after the birth of his daughter. But by the autumn of 2004 he was arranging a training camp for himself and Shehzad Tanweer - and he clearly did not expect to return.
He recorded home videos saying goodbye to the baby girl he held lovingly on his knee.
But within days of reaching Pakistan, the plan changed. Khan's wife, Hasina Patel, noted in her diary for 26 November: "S [Sidique] rang - good news! - back by Feb?"
Khan had been given an opportunity to do more than die anonymously on an Afghan battlefield - and he took the offer with both hands.
After his death, a friend of Hasina Patel handed police a box of items left behind by Khan. One of them was a handwritten note, with no date, for his wife and daughter.
It read: "Sorry I can't be there, hope you understand. I love you all and inshallah [God willing] will meet you the best of places Jannah [heaven]."


A man has been charged with murder after a women was found stabbed to death at her flat in East Sussex.

Lauren Masters was pronounced dead at the scene after she suffered knife wounds at the property in Sutherland Avenue, Bexhill.
Officers were called to reports of a stabbing at 13:35 BST on Friday.
Paul Withers, 21, and from Bexhill, will appear before Brighton Magistrates' Court on Monday, Sussex Police said.


That seems to be the common sentiment of Labour activists at the party conference in Liverpool in the aftermath of Jeremy Corbyn's re-election as Labour leader.
"I am very happy and a lot of people are very happy the decision has been made and we can move forward," says Jacqueline Griffiths, from Sevenoaks.
There is frustration that the leadership squabbles have left Labour in virtual limbo with, according to one party member, "no ability to focus on the issues affecting the country".
Helen Clarkson, from Central Suffolk, says the last few months have been very "disheartening" and Mr Corbyn now needs "time to lead" and show what he can do.
But she worries his re-election will not put an end to the battles between the leadership and many of the MPs.
"There is a lot of manoeuvring behind the scenes that we are not privy to. What general members have to say, what we feel and how people have voted is one thing but getting the work done is another."
And there are those who believe opponents of the leader will stop at nothing to get rid of him.
"I am slightly concerned there will be a second [coup] attempt," says Marie, a member of Mr Corbyn's own Islington North constituency party. "They will find other ways of gradually destroying him."
Those in positions of power, she argues, should have spent more time listening to party members and defending the elected leader of the party.
"We could do with an alternative deputy leader. I actually voted for Tom [Watson] but he has not been supportive of Jeremy and seemingly behind the plotters."
While Mr Watson - who was elected with his own mandate last year - is not likely to be going anywhere, the future of other leading MPs is occupying the thoughts of many members.
"The obvious problem is that a lot of the MPs are unhappy and that is difficult," says Rob Hall from Bedford.
While he does not support the deselection of dissenting MPs in the run-up to the next election, he can see a scenario in which it could not be avoided.
"People have been very difficult with Corbyn right from the very start, just because it was him," he says. "If I had someone as an MP who was making life difficult for the leader, I would be wanting a deselection frankly."
But he says it should not be in Mr Corbyn's gift to get rid of MPs who disagree with him: "I don't think anyone nationally, like Jeremy Corbyn, should be saying to people deselect. It is up to people in their constituencies."
Amid talk of the return of shadow cabinet elections as a way of appeasing Corbyn critics, there are those who just can't see how the party leader can co-exist with MPs who openly disagree with him.
"When Jeremy appointed [former shadow defence secretary] Maria Eagle who disagreed with him [on Trident] it was farcical," Mr Hall says.
For some local activists, including one Birmingham councillor elected in May, it really has been business as usual and the turmoil at the top of the party has made little difference to their day-to-day work.
"While this has been going on upstairs, we have been concentrating on local issues," she says.
But don't people she represents have strong feelings about Mr Corbyn? "Some do, some don't," she replies. "Some just want to make sure they get their rubbish cleared every week - what they see as important in their life."
But others believe it is naive to pretend that the leadership issue doesn't come up on doorsteps and won't have an impact on Labour's chances in the next election.
"The party has to come together but - and it is a big but - there are members of the top team, possibly including Jeremy, which need to be more inclusive," says Elaine Sammarco, from Lewes in Sussex.
"We are hearing the slate is being wiped clean which is very helpful and Jeremy is reaching out but it is the next step and how is that going to happen. I would like to be optimistic that will happen but I am sceptical."
While Theresa May's grammar school expansion plan has galvanised Labour and, in the words of one member "done Jeremy's job for him", many are openly speculating about whether the PM will be "tempted" to call an early election.
While many genuinely believe Labour can climb an electoral mountain and prevail if the poll is held in 2020, there is trepidation about what might happen if the prime minister goes to the country early.
"Obviously I hope we would have a Labour leader but my fear is that Theresa May will call an election quite quickly and we won't have time for people to truly come together and mobilise properly," says Elaine Clarkson.
In the meantime, Labour members can only cross their fingers and hope for the best and there are many who believe the party may have already touched its electoral nadir.
"Everyone shares the same beliefs," says Daisy, from Wallasey, who was motivated to join Labour by its 2015 election defeat. "It is a broad church but everyone has the same aim which is a Labour government."


Nato is holding a civil emergency exercise in Montenegro while neighbouring Serbia prepares for joint training with 150 Russian paratroops.

Russia dislikes Montenegro's policy of increasing ties with Nato and the EU.
There have also been arrests in Montenegro and Serbia over a suspected plot to topple outgoing Montenegrin Prime Minister Milo Djukanovic.
In addition, a large arms cache was found near the family home of Serbian PM Aleksandar Vucic on Saturday.
There are suspicions that the arms were to be used in an assassination attempt against Mr Vucic, a pro-EU reformer, though he himself played down that theory.
In Montenegro, officials have accused Russia of plotting against Mr Djukanovic.
The four-day Nato exercise in Montenegro began on Monday, and involves Nato's Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC).
Focused on the Niksic area, the aim is to practise for a major flood or chemical emergency.
There are 680 participants, from 32 Nato and partner countries. Israel, Azerbaijan and Kosovo are among the non-Nato countries involved.
Montenegro profile
Montenegro: Nato's newest and last member?
Montenegro and Nato: Foes to friends?
Russian Security Council chief Nikolai Patrushev paid an unexpected visit to Belgrade last week.
The Serbian-Russian military exercise, starting on Wednesday, is called "Slavic Brotherhood 2016". Units from Belarus will also take part.
The Russian military says the drills will take place near Belgrade, until 15 November.
Serbia has, nevertheless, increased ties with Nato over the years, including membership of the alliance's Partnership for Peace programme.
Nato's bombing of Serbia and Montenegro in 1999 and its intervention in Kosovo left a legacy of bitterness among Serb nationalists. Russia has forged close ties with some of them, reviving centuries-old pan-Slavic patriotism.
Nato's action resulted in the ousting of former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic. The nationalist leader died in 2006 while on trial in The Hague for war crimes.
Since splitting from Serbia in 2006 Montenegro has forged close ties with the EU and Nato. It is expected to join Nato early next year, but EU membership is not likely before 2020.
Montenegro, with a population of some 630,000, has in recent years seen an influx of Russian money, homebuyers and tourists.


A review of the "costs and benefits" of the UK's EU membership is to be conducted by the Treasury Select Committee.

The government is to hold a referendum on the UK's membership of the EU by the end of 2017.
The prime minister is attempting to renegotiate the terms of Britain's membership and the committee said it would examine the potential impact.
Other topics include the effect on the free movement of people and goods.
MPs will also look at the terms under which the UK could leave the EU, and "the likelihood of it securing continued access to EU goods, services and capital markets," it said.
Another area of interest will be the impact of a "Brexit" on the UK's trade in the service industry, and financial services "in particular".
No date has yet been set for the referendum but David Cameron has promised to hold the vote by the end of 2017.
The prime minister has said he will campaign for Britain to remain in the EU if he secures the reforms he wants.
The committee's chairman, Conservative MP Andrew Tyrie, said: "This inquiry will be wide-ranging, dealing with all the economic and financial consequences of the UK's EU membership, and the impact of departure.
"The committee's job will be to attempt to marshal the evidence on this important question into a coherent form, enabling the electorate to make a more informed decision. It welcomes evidence from all those with views and expertise."
It has been announced that Lord Stuart Rose will lead the In Campaign, which wants the UK to remain in the EU.
And Vote.Leave, made up of Conservative, Labour and UKIP MPs and donors, has launched a cross-party campaign to take the UK out of the EU.


A third suspect has been arrested by the National Crime Agency as part of an investigation into cricket spot-fixing.

The British man, who is in his 30s, was arrested in Sheffield and has since been bailed pending further inquiries.
Pakistan cricketer Nasir Jamshed was one of two men arrested earlier this month, with both bailed until April.
Jamshed is among three players who were recently suspended for violating a cricket anti-corruption code.
The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) also suspended Pakistan internationals Sharjeel Khan and Khalid Latif, who are due to appear in front of the board on Wednesday.
Jamshed, 27, who has played in two Tests, 48 one-day internationals and 18 Twenty20 matches for Pakistan, has not commented on the allegations.
The spot-fixing allegations relate to the Pakistan Super League - the country's top-flight cricket championship which is held in the United Arab Emirates for security reasons.
Khan and Latif play in the PSL for current champions Islamabad United.
The PCB previously said it was investigating "an international syndicate which is believed to be attempting to corrupt the PSL".


Adam Peaty and Siobhan Marie O'Connor added to Great Britain's medal tally with silvers at the European Short Course Championship in Israel.

Peaty won his second silver of the week, finishing 0.18 seconds behind Germany's Marco Koch in the 100m breaststroke.
He was runner-up in the 50m breaststroke earlier in the event.
O'Connor finished second to Hungary's Katinka Hosszu in the women's 200m individual medley.
Hosszu set a new championship record of two minutes 2.53 seconds, with O'Connor clocking 2:05.13 for her second silver of the meeting, which finishes on Sunday.


A policeman who physically assaulted a sex worker he was having an affair with has been sentenced to 150 hours of community service.

Peter Lower kicked the 19 year-old in the stomach after losing his temper.
Lower was sentenced at Taunton Crown Court for causing actual bodily harm to the escort.
The married father of two was sacked from his job as a sergeant with Avon and Somerset Police earlier this month over the November 2009 attack.
At the conclusion of his trial at Bristol Crown Court in September, Lower was cleared of three charges of rape, one charge of assault by penetration, one charge of sexual assault, two charges of assault occasioning actual bodily harm and a single charge of false imprisonment.
At Friday's sentencing hearing, his defence said in mitigation that while Lower "may lack moral backbone, moral fibre and was a weak-willed individual", he felt ashamed at what he had done.
The court also heard that Lower, formerly of Banwell, North Somerset, was going through divorce and had lost his career, after being in the police force for over 20 years.
Sentencing him, Judge Richard Bromilow said he was "troubled" by the escort girl's "obvious vulnerability".
He told Lower: "You kicked her intentionally in the stomach which was bound to cause her hurt.
"It did not need medical attention, but it was plainly a very nasty incident."
He added that it was difficult to measure the effect of the assault, which happened a long time ago.
"You have accepted the relationship was dysfunctional and you have paid heavily for it," the judge said.
"You have lost two things that are very important to you: your character and your family."


Kent closed in on victory over Sussex after a dominant performance with bat and ball at Tunbridge Wells.

Resuming on 116-0, a lead of 321, Kent lost Daniel Bell-Drummond (90) and Sean Dickson (74) in the first session.
But Joe Denly made an unbeaten 71 off 49 balls as Kent raced to a declaration on 298-2, a lead of 503 runs.
Matt Coles took two wickets as Sussex slumped to 8-3, while Denly also accounted for two dismissals to leave the visitors on 182-6 at stumps.
Stiaan van Zyl made 78 from 134 balls and added 82 for the fifth wicket alongside Michael Burgess (42 not out), but his dismissal off the bowling of Denly ended any realistic hopes Sussex may have had of salvaging a draw.


The husband of a woman who died of breast cancer after two chances to have the disease diagnosed were missed has said a settlement of 1.35m euro (£973,500) "means nothing to me".

Melissa Hamilton, from Killygordon, Co Donegal, in the Republic of Ireland, died two weeks after she was diagnosed.
Letterkenny General Hospital has apologised to her family.
But Mrs Hamilton's husband Seamus said that and the settlement meant little as it "doesn't bring Melissa back".
Mr Hamilton had sued for damages for nervous shock over the wrongful death of his wife.
The hospital admitted liability in the case in May.
The settlement was reached on Friday, with 900,000 euro (£649,000) awarded for the future care of Mrs Hamilton's three children, who are aged 10, six and three.
Mrs Hamilton died in August 2011, just nine days after the birth of her third child.
She had first been referred to the breast clinic at Letterkenny General Hospital in February 2010, where she was informed that she had a benign cyst.
In June that year, she visited her GP again with a discharge from her breast.
She was referred to the breast clinic for a second time, and was diagnosed with mastitis.
Over a year later, in August 2011, Mrs Hamilton attended a locum GP and was again referred to the breast clinic, where she was diagnosed with invasive breast cancer.
In his first interview since the settlement, Mr Hamilton told BBC Radio Foyle what was important to him was "to clear Melissa's name".
"That figure could've been 20m euro, it wouldn't have mattered one iota," Mr Hamilton said.
"I'm hoping that I've proved the fact that Melissa did all she could.
"I'm hoping that will go some way to help me to move on and show this shouldn't happen."
Mr Hamilton said he wanted the settlement to mark a point from which he could move on with his life.
"I don't want to have to live the rest of my life in anger - it's not a healthy way to be.
"There are certain people in the hospital that if an apology came straight from them it would've meant a bit more.
"But it's only a piece of paper, it doesn't bring Melissa back.
He added that his wife's death should show others it is worth seeking a second opinion in cancer diagnoses.
In a letter read to the high court in Dublin on Friday, Sean Murphy, the general manager of Letterkenny General Hospital, apologised "unreservedly" to Mrs Hamilton's family because her cancer had not been diagnosed and treated at an earlier stage.


Japan's government has warned that Brexit could result in the country's firms moving their European head offices out of Britain.

The strongly worded report from Japan's foreign ministry says the firms might want to move "if EU laws cease to be applicable in the UK".
It calls on Theresa May's government to deal with the companies' concerns in a "responsible manner".
Downing Street received the report earlier this week, the BBC understands.
Japanese firms employ an estimated 140,000 workers in the UK, with Nomura bank, manufacturing giant Hitachi and carmakers Honda, Nissan and Toyota all having major bases in the country.
The letter warns: "Japanese businesses with their European headquarters in the UK may decide to transfer their head-office function to Continental Europe if EU laws cease to be applicable in the UK after its withdrawal."
In an interview with the BBC, Japan's ambassador to the UK, Koji Tsuruoka, said: "We have a very huge stake in making Brexit a success that will not damage or hurt the global economy."
He said it was an "open question" whether Japanese firms would pull out of the UK, but that "those decisions have not been made".
Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will discuss Brexit with Mrs May at the G20 Summit in China. "Unless you have international cooperation Brexit is not going to be an easy task," Mr Tsuruoka said.
Specific companies are not mentioned, but the document states that it was written in response to "a variety of requests from Japanese businesses operating in the UK and the EU".
The report was published on Friday, but received widespread coverage on Sunday when Mrs May arrived in China for the G20.
The Prime Minister is explaining to leaders from the world's 20 largest economies what Britain's decision to leave the European Union might entail.
Mrs May said she would use the summit to scope out trade deals so they could be signed quickly after the UK's exit from the EU.
President Barack Obama, however, stressed that the US would prioritise trade talks with the Asia-Pacific region and the EU.
The Japanese report "strongly requests" that the UK government will consider Japanese investment into the UK and "respond in a responsible manner to minimise any harmful effects on these businesses".
It urged that Britain and the EU set out the details of the Brexit process "as early as possible".
In particular, the document says Japanese firms would like to see the following agreed between Britain and the EU:
Ahead of the referendum, Japanese firms, including Hitachi and Nissan, and the country's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe warned investment could fall if the UK left the European Union.
Japanese car manufacturers account for more than 50% of the cars made in the UK.
The ministry's report came as something of a surprise to the UK car industry, even though it was consistent with its wish list from Brexit, according to BBC Business Editor Simon Jack.
The manufacturers want tariff-free access to the EU's single market as a starting point, as well as the freedom to move workers between plants, he said.
"All the car manufacturers have very integrated pan-EU supply chains and any interruption to that will be sand in the engine," he said.
However, Japanese car makers are not about to announce that a model destined for a UK plant will move elsewhere, he added.


A fundraising project to create a Lego model of Durham Cathedral has passed what organisers described as a significant milestone.

With 300,000 bricks required to complete the project, the 200,000th piece was added by South Korean student Chang Soo Lee.
In honour of the occasion, he was awarded a commemorative medal.
The project was launched in July 2013, with people invited to donate Â£1 for each brick
Chang Soo Lee, who was visiting the cathedral with fellow classmates as part of a international collaborative venture organised by Northumbria University, said he was really surprised to discover his brick was so significant.
"I think the Lego cathedral is awesome," he said.
"It's great to be involved in such a great project, and I can't wait to see the finished model."
All donations will go towards Open Treasure, a project to improve public access to some of the collections the cathedral has acquired over the centuries.
Durham Cathedral's head of development, Gaye Kirby, said: "With only 100,000 bricks left to build, we invite everyone to help us complete the model and celebrate the opening of the cathedral's new exhibition spaces later this year."
The competed model will be 12ft 6in (3.84m) long, 5ft (1.53m) wide and 5ft 6in (1.7m) high.


Andy Murray has joined forces with the Royal British Legion to commemorate the role of sportsmen during World War One.

The Wimbledon and Olympic champion is backing the armed forces charity's Sport Remembers campaign.
It commemorates the sportsmen who gave up their careers and lives for their country.
The charity is calling on the nation's sporting organisations, clubs and individuals to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Battle of the Somme.
Andy Murray said: "During the First World War many tennis players left the court for the battlefield and made the ultimate sacrifice for their country.
"I find it humbling that so many players sacrificed so much for us, and I'm proud to be part of the Royal British Legion's Sport Remembers campaign".
One tennis player who lost his life during WW1 was four-time Wimbledon champion Tony Wilding, the only man before Bjorn Borg to win four straight men's singles titles.
A vast number of footballers, rugby players, golfers, cricketers, boxers, tennis players and Olympians served in the war.
The Royal British Legion has released a toolkit which includes a souvenir pennant, poems, readings and music.


A coroner has expressed surprise at the failure to identify three soldiers who could hold vital information about the killing of a labourer in 1971.

Henry Thornton, 28, of Crossmaglen, County Armagh, was shot in the head after his van backfired outside a police station in west Belfast.
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has not tracked down three key witnesses, known as B, D and E, a court was told.
A long-awaited inquest into his death is scheduled to begin in October.
Mr Thornton was in a work van with a colleague when he was shot on the Springfield Road in Belfast. His death sparked serious rioting.
Coroner Jim Kitson told the preliminary hearing: "It is surprising that the MoD have three soldiers present in a police station and do not know who they are."
A fourth witness, possibly a police officer referred to as X or Major M in some court papers, was asleep on the second floor of the station when he heard loud bangs, it was claimed.
He has also not been traced and may live abroad, the court was told.
A barrister for the Coroners Service said the testimony from D and X was particularly important for the forthcoming inquest.
He said all avenues should be explored, including trawls through military pension records and reports by the Historical Enquiries Team.
Mr Thornton's widow and son were in court for the proceedings.
A barrister for the Thornton family said he was surprised that no-one knew where the witnesses were.
"This was a fatal incident and statements were taken, and they would have been told 'you are going to have to attend a coroners court'," he said.
The court was told that the soldier who fired the fatal shot, known only as A, may have died in Angola.
Problems with the legibility of some sensitive material disclosed by the MoD were also raised during the hearing.


The family of a man who died after surgery have received a settlement from the health board.

Martyn Rogers, 66, from Newport, died of blood poisoning and acute liver failure at the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, in July 2012.
Liver specialist Prof David Paul Berry will not face police action after the "avoidable" deaths of eight patients in his care.
His practising restrictions were recently extended to February 2016.
The settlement figure has not been disclosed.
A Cardiff and Vale University Health Board spokesman said: "Mr Berry is not currently carrying out any clinical duties for the health board pending the conclusion of the health board's internal procedures."
The General Medical Council (GMC) placed restrictions on Prof Berry in March 2013.
A professional review of 31 of his patients found 10 died and "eight of those 10 deaths were avoidable".
Maria Davies, Mr Rogers' partner of 40 years, said: "Neither myself or my family feel that we have secured justice for Martyn and we will continue to campaign and search for answers and I hope by highlighting what happened to Martyn that we are able to ensure that no further people will suffer from the same substandard care as he did."


National League member clubs have voted in favour of introducing six-team play-offs to the fifth and sixth tiers of English football from next season.

The proposal was tabled at the league's annual general meeting, with 18 of 24 National League clubs backing the move.
It means teams finishing between second and seventh place in all three National League's divisions will be involved.
Games will be one-legged, with teams in fourth and fifth hosting the seventh and sixth clubs in a qualifying round.
The winners of those matches will then move into the semi-finals before a final - at Wembley for the National League and a club ground for the North and South divisions.
Teams that finish second and third will progress straight to a semi-final at their home ground, in theory giving them an advantage as they will play one match fewer and have a home tie.
Previously in non-league's top flight, the four clubs finishing directly below the automatically promoted champions played two-legged semi-finals before a one-off final.
Four National League clubs rejected the proposal, with two more not voting.
Speaking when the plans were initially put forward, the league's chief executive Michael Tattersall said: "The format involves the same amount of matches as now. With six clubs competing, it will increase the interest levels."
Forest Green won this season's National League promotion final, beating Tranmere Rovers 3-1. at Wembley.
FC Halifax Town and Ebbsfleet United won the National League North and South finals respectively, after one-match semi-final victories.


Ffos Las course clerk Keith Ottesen has expressed regret that the Welsh Champion Hurdle failed to beat the rain.

The event was called-off on Saturday and Ffos Las are prepared to compensate some of those who were set to feature.
"I will be contacting all trainers to discuss a contribution to travelling expenses," Ottesen said.
"And the Professional Jockeys Association to ensure some compensation for jockeys with travel expenses."
The meeting was called off at midday after 30mm of rain fell in 20 hours leading to the track becoming waterlogged.
"The course was fit for racing at 9am but the weather deteriorated during the morning," Ottesen confirmed.
"A delegation of racecourse officials, trainers, jockeys and BHA officials inspected the course at midday and felt the surface was unsafe for racing to go-ahead."
The next meeting at Ffos Las Racecourse is on Sunday, 21 February.
Ffos Las' Champion Hurdle was one of several Welsh sporting events to fall foul of the weather.
In football, Newport County's League Two game at Rodney Parade against Barnet was postponed.
Cwmbran Celtic v Goytre, Guilsfield v Airbus UK and Afan Lido v Cardiff Met in the Welsh Cup were called off.
In rugby's SSE Swalec Cup, Llanelli v Merthyr and Pontypridd v Bridgend Athletic were among the postponements.
Colwyn Bay and Merthyr Town's home games were also called off.
In Friday the Welsh Premier League's Carmarthen v Haverfordwest County game was called off for a second time and is now to be played on 4 March.


Warwickshire have awarded professional contracts to seam bowlers Grant Thornton and Mitchell Spencer.

The pair, both 24, have been given three-month contracts with the County Championship Division One side.
Thornton made his first-team debut in their One-Day Cup win over Northamptonshire on 27 April, while Spencer is yet to play for the county.
"They are two very different bowlers and good options for Ian Bell to have as captain." said coach Jim Troughton.
Warwickshire's sport director, Ashley Giles, had talked about bringing in "new blood" after they made an difficult start to the season.
Under first-team coach Troughton and skipper Bell, the Bears began the new Championship season with successive innings defeats, before a draw against Surrey halted their poor form.
The One-Day Cup victory against Northamptonshire was followed up by 50-over defeats by Durham and Leicestershire.
"Both these guys played a fair bit of second-team cricket for us last year," Troughton added.
"It's good to have them on board, especially with us having a couple of other guys coming back from long-term injuries."


Mourners at the funeral of a second victim of a suspected Dublin gangland feud have heard a plea from his family for no retaliation for his murder.

There is a heavy police presence for the funeral of Eddie Hutch Sr, who was shot dead on 8 February.
Police believe it may have been in reprisal for a fatal shooting at a boxing match weigh-in days earlier.
The priest conducting the Mass said the Hutch family had called for "this cycle of violence to stop, and to stop now".
Fr Richard Ebejer told mourners all vengeful violence was to be condemned in the strongest terms possible, according to Irish state broadcaster RTÃ‰
No retaliation plea at 'feud' funeral
Mr Hutch Snr was the uncle of Gary Hutch who was shot dead in Spain five months ago.
He was also the brother of Gerry Hutch, a notorious criminal in Dublin in the late 1980s and 1990s, who was nicknamed the Monk.
Dublin priest Fr Peter McVerry, who knows some members of the Hutch family, told BBC Radio Ulster that: "Eddie Hutch was a totally innocent person in this enterprise, and he was shot simply because of his name."
Fr McVerry described the atmosphere in the city ahead of the funeral as "tense".
"Obviously, this is a feud unlike any other feud. This is a feud between two very powerful groups and it's difficult to see who is going to back down, or how there is going to be a compromise."
He added: "That has raised the level of fear to a whole, new height. People don't know who is going to be next."
The victim was a father of five and had a criminal record, but he was not regarded as a senior figure in Dublin's criminal world.
At least four gunmen entered Eddie Hutch's home and shot him dead in the hallway of his flat in Poplar Row, North Strand, in the north inner city.
Earlier this week, there was a major security operation for the funeral of David Byrne, who was shot dead at a boxing weigh-in event at the Regency Hotel on 5 February.


Luxury fashion designer Burberry has returned to profit after opening new stores and spending more on online marketing

Burberry reported pre-tax profits of £166m for the year to March. A year ago it made a loss of £16.1m, hit by charges at its Spanish operations.
In the past year it has opened 21 new stores and closed nine. It plans to open 20-30 stores this year worldwide.
The group has also focused on promoting the Burberry brand online.
Sales rose 7% to £1.28bn, with the company recording double-digit sales growth in Europe and Asia Pacific.
Adjusted profit rose 23% to £215m, taking into account one-off items and a favourable exchange rate.
Stores in London in particular benefited from favourable currency movements and increased tourism.
"Looking forward, while mindful of the economic environment, Burberry plans to build on its strong financial position by accelerating investment in growth initiatives in retail, digital and new markets, while continuing to enhance the brand," said chief executive Angela Ahrendts.
Burberry shares were up 7.6% at 659 pence in afternoon trading.


Services on Greater Manchester's Metrolink tram system are facing disruption this summer after major construction work began on Sunday.

No tram services are running through St Peter's Square, while a bigger tram stop is built.
Major track renewal on the Eccles line also means no trams on the line to MediaCityUK until early August and to Eccles until the end of that month.
Replacement bus services are running on the affected routes.
The work in St Peters Square involves building two new platforms for the two new sets of track running through it.
Transport for Greater Manchester said the Eccles line, which opened in 2000, is showing signs of "wear".


Former Wales hooker T Rhys Thomas is joining the Dragons coaching staff and scaling back his playing career after an injury-hit season.

The 35-year-old won 27 caps between 2005 and 2008, including all four matches at the 2007 Rugby World Cup.
Thomas has spent the last four seasons with the Dragons, captaining them in 2015-16, and made 70 appearances for the region.
He had previously spent 10 seasons with Cardiff Blues and a year with Wasps.
"I am delighted to be able to bring Thomas Rhys Thomas into our coaching team as I feel he has the attributes to make an outstanding coach," Dragons head coach Bernard Jackman, the former Ireland hooker, told the club's website.
Meanwhile the region have signed two young hookers.
Wales under-20 international Liam Belcher, 21, has played five times for Cardiff Blues while Welsh-qualified Gerard Ellis, 24, joins from London Irish where he has featured in the first team squad for four seasons.


The case for creating a partnership controlling hundreds of millions of pounds of government cash was considered "weak", it has emerged.

Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) combine businesses, councils and others to decide regional funding priorities.
Communities secretary Eric Pickles described the South East LEP as an "exemplar" body.
But the BBC has learned officials had serious concerns about the size of the South East LEP from the outset.
The area covered by the LEP, which was signed off in 2010, stretches from Eastbourne to Colchester and from Saffron Walden to Folkestone.
It decides on priorities for government spending in the region on areas such as roads, rail, housing and skills and is responsible for distributing about Â£500m of government money, until 2021.
Original advice from officials within the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, seen by the BBC, was that the case for the "natural economic geography" of joining the South East areas together was "weak".
The advice said: "There seems little direct economic link between these areas and it is difficult to see what a large area would add to decision-making."
Reacting to the BBC's discovery, David Burch, of the Essex Chamber of Commerce, said: "I don't think it (the South East) is a functional economic area.
"We think there could be a good case for creating a single-county LEP."
And a senior figure at Essex County Council, who asked not to be identified, suggested that the idea for the South East LEP had little support from the local authority.
But Transport Minister Baroness Kramer said economies did not follow traditional boundaries.
"LEPs have real capability both to monitor and deliver projects. I would assess that this one does," she said.
"I think this is going to be a very successful programme and that is what we should be concerned with - 'does it work?' rather than thinking endlessly if we can find three other ways to think about how we can design it.
"The proof of the pudding is in the eating."


Aung San Suu Kyi has denied there is ethnic cleansing of the Muslim minority in Myanmar - despite widespread reports of abuses.

In an exclusive interview with the BBC, the Nobel peace prize winner acknowledged problems in Rakhine state, where the Rohingya people live.
But she said ethnic cleansing was "too strong" a term to use.
Instead, Myanmar's de-facto leader said the country would welcome any returning Rohingya with open arms.
"I don't think there is ethnic cleansing going on. I think ethnic cleansing is too strong an expression to use for what is happening," she told the BBC's special correspondent Fergal Keane.
Ms Suu Kyi added: "I think there is a lot of hostility there - it is Muslims killing Muslims as well, if they think they are co-operating with the authorities.
"It is not just a matter of ethnic cleansing as you put it - it is a matter of people on different sides of the divide, and this divide we are trying to close up."
For many, Ms Suu Kyi's perceived silence on the issue has damaged her reputation she earned as a beacon for human rights, thanks to her decades-long battle against the military junta in Myanmar.
Ms Suu Kyi has come under increasing pressure internationally since the government of Myanmar, also known as Burma, began conducting counter-insurgency operations in Rakhine state.
The military, which moved in after co-ordinated attacks on border guards in October, has been accused indiscriminately targeting the Rohingya, and subjecting them to rape, murder and torture. Some 70,000 people are thought to have fled to Bangladesh.
The United Nations announced last month it was to conduct an investigation into the alleged human rights abuses.
But speaking in a face-to-face interview for the first time this year, Ms Suu Kyi said she was neither Margaret Thatcher, nor Mother Teresa, but a politician - and argued she had answered questions on the issue previously.
"This question has been asked since 2013, when the last round of troubles broke out in Rakhine.  And they [the journalists] would ask me questions and I would answer them and people would say I said nothing. Simply because I did not make the statements people wanted, which people wanted me to make, simply to condemn one community or the other."
Ms Suu Kyi, who said she had no idea why the October attacks were carried out but speculated it may have been an effort to derail the peace process, also denied the army had free rein to do whatever they like.
However, she did acknowledge that regaining control of the military was something the government still hoped to do. Under the current constitution, the military acts independent of the governing party.
"They are not free to rape, pillage and torture," she said. "They are free to go in and fight.  That is in the constitution. Military matters are to be left to the army."
I meet her in Naypyidaw, a relic of the absurdity and paranoia of military rule, a capital marooned far from the people, designed to keep the generals safe but where the new democratic government is now trying to consolidate a hold on power.
I first interviewed Aung San Suu Kyi over two decades ago on her release from the first period of house arrest in July 1995. Since then I have followed her progress through renewed house arrest, military crackdowns and then the triumph of democratic elections last year.
The atmosphere when we met was friendly. She discussed her government's achievements but refused absolutely to accept that the Rohingya Muslims in Rakhine state were the victims of ethnic cleansing.
These days she is wary of the international media, disdainful of her international critics, far more the steely politician than the global icon feted from capital to capital when she was released seven years ago.
The interview was also a chance for Ms Suu Kyi to defend the progress her government had made since sweeping to power.
The number one priority - creating jobs - had been helped by investment into roads, bridges and bringing electricity to communities. Healthcare has also improved, and more free elections have been held.
Other priorities included creating a peace in a country which has almost continuously been in a state of civil war.
And then there was the process of giving citizenship to those who had been denied it under the military junta - like the Rohingya.
As for those Rohingya who have fled Myanmar to neighbouring countries, Ms Suu Kyi said:  "If they come back they will be safe. It is up for them to decide, some have come back.
"We welcome them and we will welcome them back."


A football fan has won more than £45,000 after Everton's thrilling last-gasp victory at West Brom.

Kyle Jordan, of Fleetwood, Lancashire, had staked £5 on an accumulator bet in which he not only needed to predict the outcome of six matches, but also for both teams in each to score.
When Everton trailed 2-0 against West Bromwich Albion in the final match, the 30-year-old thought the game was up.
But the Toffeemen recovered to win 3-2 and complete Mr Jordan's 9,172-1 bet.
The oil and gas worker said he could not believe his luck when Everton striker Romelu Lukaku's 84th-minute goal sealed his £45,865 windfall.
He said: "I was watching the game with my mate and my girlfriend and as Everton went 2-0 down, I thought that was it.
"But when the final whistle went we all started jumping around the room."
The victory was made all the sweeter, he said, because he resisted the option to "cash out" on his bet before the final result was in.
Had he done so, he would have had to settle for a £4,100 payout.
Mr Jordan said he wanted to take his partner and two children on holiday to the United States with some of his winnings.


Myanmar's outgoing President Thein Sein has lifted the state of emergency in the state of Rakhine, say state media.

The order was imposed in June 2012 as violence flared between Buddhist and Muslim communities.
Dozens of people died and about 140,000 people, mainly from the Muslim Rohingya ethnic minority, were forced to flee their homes in the western state.
Most of them have been unable to return, forced to live in refugee camps and denied basic rights.
"According to the Rakhine State government, there is currently no threat of danger to people's lives," said an order published in state media. It means the military will no longer be providing day-to-day security in the area.
It comes as Thein Sein ends his five-year term as president. On Wednesday President-elect Htin Kyaw will be sworn in, after the National League for Democracy won a landslide victory in the November elections, ending decades of military-backed rule.
Rakhine: Myanmar's restive state
In 2012, the rape and murder of a Buddhist woman sparked violence. More than 200 people died.
Most of the Rohingya that were driven out because of the tensions now live in camps for internally displaced people with limited access to food, healthcare and education.
The Rohingya are denied full citizenship as they are seen as illegal migrants from neighbouring Bangladesh. Rising Buddhist nationalism in Myanmar has led to further discrimination.
The United Nations refers to them as a "persecuted religious and linguistic minority".
Last year, thousands of Rohingya were found stranded on boats in the Andaman Sea trying to leave Rakhine for Malaysia, bringing the world's attention to their marginalisation.


The family of a woman forced to have her lower legs amputated say they received an "astonishing" amount of donations to help her.

Tracy Ralph, 35, from Hawkwell, Essex, was taken to hospital with pneumonia on Christmas Eve and later developed meningitis and "deadly blood clots".
Her sister-in-law Amanda Ralph started fundraising for rehabilitation and "the best prosthetic feet we can buy".
Almost Â£80,000 of a Â£100,000 target has been raised in four days.
"It's a miracle. There must be a higher power at work here," Mrs Ralph told the BBC.
"We've had contributions from all over world, people have been giving thousands of pounds. We appreciate every penny."
Tracy, a mother of two small boys, was planning on running a half marathon later this year, but had to be put into an induced coma on Christmas Day.
She was treated for meningitis, septicaemia, blood clots and bleeding on the brain, her sister-in-law said.
Doctors had to amputate her feet and legs below the knee, as well as her fingers.
She has been in intensive care at St Thomas' Hospital in London, but might soon be moved back to Southend Hospital for further treatment, Mrs Ralph said.
"We decided to start fundraising because we want to give Tracy what she needs," said Mrs Ralph.
"The house will need to be renovated, she'll need prosthetics, an adapted car, a wheelchair, support from carers - we have no idea how much that's going to cost.
"If the money's there that people have so kindly donated, at least she'll have options," Mrs Ralph added.


India has begun more than three weeks of celebrations to mark the 50th anniversary of what it claims was victory in the 1965 war with Pakistan.

President Pranab Mukherjee laid a wreath at the martyr's memorial at Delhi's India Gate monument on Friday.
Meanwhile, eight civilians have been reportedly killed as India and Pakistan exchanged fire in the Kashmir region.
Kashmir, claimed by both countries in its entirety, has been a flashpoint for more than 60 years.
Major Waheed Bukhari, a spokesman for Pakistani Rangers, told Reuters news agency that five civilians had been killed and 48 others treated for injuries after firing from the Indian side in the Sialkot area.
And across the border, India's Border Security Force said three civilians had died and 22 were wounded in firing across the border in the Jammu region.
Both said the other side had opened fire first, and their accounts could not be independently verified.
The South Asian rivals have fought two wars and a limited conflict over the region.
The 1965 conflict began when Pakistan sent up to 30,000 troops into Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
Indian soldiers invaded Pakistan in retaliation.
Over the years, both sides have claimed victory. Pakistan celebrates 6 September every year as "Defence of Pakistan Day" with a 21-gun salute and a victory parade. Indians meanwhile believe that their forces had the clear upper hand in the war.
The war was fought on the western front where for over three weeks more than 100,000 Indian soldiers fought against Pakistan's 60,000 troops.
The fighting killed more than 8,000 men, most of them Pakistanis.
On Friday morning, Prime Minister Narendra Modi "praised the courage & bravery of our Armed Forces" on Twitter:
The celebrations began on 28 August, the day Indian troops captured the strategic Haji Pir Pass in Pakistan.
They will go on until 22 September - the day India and Pakistan agreed to a UN-sponsored ceasefire.
The main event - a "victory carnival" with a show of military might, song and dance - is planned for 20 September on Rajpath - the wide boulevard in the city centre where the annual Republic Day parade is held and where India recently organised a record-breaking yoga event.
The celebrations will also include seminars, photo exhibitions and a concert.
Many Indians support Mr Modi's decision to hold the commemorative events - but critics say holding a carnival is in bad taste.
The 1965 war was one of four between India and Pakistan since independence from Britain in 1947.


Rescue workers have begun recovering the bodies of miners trapped in a flooded gold mine in Colombia.

So far six bodies have been recovered, and the authorities believe there may be nine more bodies inside the mine.
Officials said some of the miners were trapped at a depth of about 17m (55 feet).
The mine collapsed because of flooding, apparently after a power cut shut off pumps to keep out water from a nearby river.
The accident happened in Caldas province in north-western Colombia.
Leonardo Mejia, the mine owner, told reporters that several miners had managed to escape when they realised something was wrong.
The National Mining Agency (ANM) said local firefighters reported that gases in the deep, vertical tunnels had contributed to the cave-in.
Colombia is a major gold producer but more than half its mines are unregulated.


Controversial plans to introduce the right-to-buy for housing association tenants will be the first test of "English votes for English laws".

The second reading of the Housing Bill, applying only to England and Wales, is due to take place on 2 November.
Right-to-buy is being outlawed in Scotland and is not an issue the SNP would normally have voted on.
English MPs were given a veto over Commons legislation that affects England only on Thursday.
The SNP is furious about the move, which it says will make its MPs "second class" citizens.
They have promised to act responsibly when deciding when to challenge the application of the new rules - but sources say they will create "mischief" when the opportunity arises.
The Housing Bill could provide their first opportunity - particularly if it is found to contain financial implications for Scotland.
The party is also demanding to know whether Scottish MPs will be prevented from voting on the future expansion of airport capacity in the South East of England amid suggestions from some Conservatives that it could be an English-only matter.
"Expansion of airport capacity impacts on connectivity for the whole of the UK and, therefore, any vote must be an issue on which all MPs have a say," said the party's transport spokesman Drew Hendry.
"The expansion of airport capacity has constantly been promoted by the UK government as a national infrastructure project - it will have massive impact on travel, exports, growth and jobs across the four nations of these islands - not just London and the South East of England."
The new process of legislative scrutiny, with a stage for England will not apply to bills which have already had their second reading in the House of Commons.
As well as right-to-buy, the Housing Bill also introduces the requirement for local authorities in England to dispose of vacant high value council properties to fund right to buy extension and to build more affordable homes.
There will now be a new stage added to the usual law-making process at Westminster allowing MPs for English constituencies to vote on issues deemed to only affect England.
These MPs would be able to veto the legislation before all MPs from across the United Kingdom voted in the bill's final readings.
Speaker John Bercow will decide whether a Bill only affects England, and all MPs in the Commons will still have to pass legislation at other stages of the process.
The Speaker will be able to explain his reason for certifying an issue as English or English and Welsh only and call on two senior MPs to help make the ruling.


Asian stock markets rose on Monday, shrugging off disappointing economic data released by China over the weekend.

China's industrial output, retail sales and fixed asset investment all grew more slowly than expected in April, indicating the economy remains weak.
The Nikkei 225 index closed up 0.3% at 16,466.40, while the broader Topix gained 0.1% to end at 1,321.65.
Australia's benchmark ASX/200 rose 0.6% to close at 5,358.95.
South Korea's Kospi index ended flat at 1,967.91.
In China, the mainland's Shanghai Composite gained 0.8% to close at 2,850.86 while Hong Kong's Hang Seng wrapped the day at 19,883.95, also 0.8% up.
China's National Bureau of Statistics said on Saturday that industrial output rose 6% year-on-year in April, compared with 6.8% growth the month earlier.
Fixed-asset investment grew by 10.5% in the January-to-April period, compared with an increase of 10.7% the year before.
Retail sales grew by 10.1% in April from a year earlier. They all missed market expectations.
Vishnu Varathan from Mizuho bank said the activity data raised concerns about China's renewed slowdown and exacerbated "woes about global demand deficiency".


Arbroath cut Forfar Athletic's lead at the top of Scottish League Two to six points with a 4-1 victory over Cowdenbeath as the Loons were held to a goalless draw by Montrose.

Annan Athletic picked up their third win on the trot with a 1-0 victory over Clyde.
Elgin City extended their unbeaten run to seven games with a 1-0 win over Berwick Rangers.
Stirling Albion moved up to seventh with a 1-0 victory over Edinburgh City.
Martin Scott gave Arbroath the lead after five minutes and Steven Doris doubled the advantage on the half hour mark. A Liam Henderson own goal and a Gavin Malin strike wrapped up the three points, before Scott Rumsby grabbed a late consolation for Cowdenbeath.
League leaders Forfar were held to a goalless draw to Montrose.
Pat Scullion's own goal gave third-place Elgin City a 1-0 win at Berwick Rangers.
Annan Athletic also boosted their play-off hopes with a Maxwell Wright goal earning them the points against Clyde.
Ross Kavanagh's 17th-minute winner eased Stirling Albion's relegation worries as they beat fellow strugglers Edinburgh City 1-0.


Tough new laws on smoking and tobacco sales have come into force in Uganda.

People lighting up in bars, restaurants or hotels now face being fined $60 (Â£41) or jailed for up to two months.
And smokers must be at least 50 metres away from public spaces, such as schools, hospitals and taxi ranks.
The new laws also ban the sale of electronic cigarettes and flavoured tobacco for water pipes or shishas, which have become popular in clubs of the capital, Kampala.
In further anti-smoking measures, the government has banned the sale of single cigarettes and tightened rules on labelling, advertising and selling tobacco to under-21s.
Buying single cigarettes has previously been popular among less well-off smokers.
The government has said it does not anticipate jailing many people for breaking the new laws and that its mission is to prevent people smoking in the first place.
The BBC's Catherine Byaruhanga in Kampala says it is unclear how rigidly police will enforce the legislation, given the number of other crimes they have to deal with.
Our correspondent says smoking is not common in Uganda but the authorities have been concerned by the rise of health problems linked to tobacco use such as cancer, heart disease and high blood pressure.
The laws included in the Tobacco Control Act build on a ministerial directive from 2004, which restricted smoking in public.


A teenager has been found guilty of raping a 15-year-old girl in Aberdeen.

Michael Duncan, 19, of Tarland, was also convicted of sexually assaulting the teenager, who cannot be named for legal reasons, in March last year.
The High Court in Edinburgh heard he ignored her pleas for him to stop.
Lord Uist deferred sentence on Duncan to the High Court in Dumbarton next month.


Russia's main opposition leader, Alexei Navalny, has been arrested at an anti-corruption protest he organised in the capital, Moscow.

Thousands of people joined rallies nationwide, calling for the resignation of Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev over corruption allegations.
At least 500 other protesters were detained in the capital and across the country.
Most of the marches were illegal, organised without official permission.
TV pictures showed demonstrators chanting "Down with [Russian President Vladimir] Putin!", "Russia without Putin!" and "Putin is a thief!".
Correspondents say the marches appear to be the biggest since anti-government demonstrations in 2011/2012.
Alexei Navalny was detained as he arrived to join the rally in central Moscow. Protesters then tried to prevent a police van from taking him away.
In a tweet after his detention, he urged fellow protesters to continue with the demonstration.
"Guys, I'm fine. No need to fight to get me out. Walk along Tverskaya [Moscow main street]. Our topic of the day is the fight against corruption," he said (in Russian).
He later said police stormed the office of his foundation and detained its staff, who were broadcasting the protests live.
Demonstrations were also held in Saint Petersburg, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Tomsk and several other cities, where arrests had also been reported.
The US has condemned "the detention of hundreds of peaceful protesters throughout Russia".
"Detaining peaceful protesters, human rights observers, and journalists is an affront to core democratic values," acting State Department spokesman Mark Toner said.
He added that the US was "troubled" by Mr Navalny's arrest.
Alexei Navalny called for the nationwide protests after he published reports claiming that Mr Medvedev controlled mansions, yachts and vineyards - a fortune that far outstripped his official salary.
Mr Medvedev's spokeswoman called the allegations "propagandistic attacks", but the prime minister himself has not commented on the claims.
The reports included the accusation that Mr Medvedev had a special house for a duck on one of his properties - and on Sunday, some demonstrators held up images of yellow rubber ducks.
Others showed up with their faces painted green, a reference to a recent attack in which Mr Navalny was hit with green liquid.
In Moscow, protesters filled Pushkin square and some climbed the monument to poet Alexander Pushkin shouting "impeachment". Turnout was estimated to be between 7,000 and 8,000, according to police.
The police said 500 protesters had been arrested in the capital alone, but a rights group, OVD Info, put that number at more than 800.
The Kremlin has not commented on the demonstrations. It had said on Friday that plans for an unauthorised protest in central Moscow were an illegal provocation.
State TV channels did not cover the demonstrations.
Local media reports suggested the authorities pressured students not to attend. In some cities, exams were scheduled on Sunday.
Alexei Navalny announced his intention to run for president in 2018 against Vladimir Putin. But he is barred from doing so after being found guilty in a case he said was politicised.
He said on his website that protests were planned in 99 cities, but that in 72 of them authorities did not give permission.


Struggling Rotherham consigned Brighton to their first away defeat of the season in the Championship.

Danny Ward gave the hosts the lead just before half-time as he volleyed in from Joe Mattock's cross.
Brighton improved after the break, but Matt Derbyshire increased the Millers' lead by stabbing home from close range.
Tomer Hemed hit the post late on for the Seagulls, but the visitors - who slip to sixth in the table - could not find a way past keeper Lee Camp.
The result means Rotherham move up to 20th in the Championship table while Brighton have now gone six games without a goal and are winless in eight games in all competitions.
The hosts went ahead when Mattock sent in a left-wing cross which had Seagulls defender Lewis Dunk fooled as Ward volleyed from close range.
Rotherham doubled their lead late in the second half as Bruno Saltor headed into the path of Derbyshire who easily tapped home from six yards.
Brighton came close to finding a consolation when Hemed hit the post from close range, but they could not find a breakthrough.
Rotherham boss Neil Redfearn:
"We deserved it, I don't think anybody could doubt that.
"Brighton played their part, but I thought the difference was the front two. I thought the front two were magnificent and they were a real threat for 90 minutes.
"The fact that you have got that energy up front helps you defend from the front. It's a long season, we haven't got to look too far ahead, we have got to keep chipping away.
Brighton manager Chris Hughton:
Media playback is not supported on this device
"In the second half we gave ourselves opportunities to get back in the game. I think we were well off it in the first half, they got a rhythm.
"At the minute, most defensive mistakes we are getting punished for and you can't win football games if you don't score and we are struggling at that.
"Arguably there's stuff we're not getting away with at the minute that we were in our good run. We are getting punished for mistakes."


Road closures will be in place across Cardiff on Sunday as more than 22,000 people take part in the half marathon.

The 13.1 mile (21km) race begins at Castle Street at 09:00 BST with wheelchair competitors starting at 08:50.
The route will take in Penarth marina, Cardiff Bay and Roath Park before finishing near the civic centre.
The event will also be broadcast live on BBC Two Wales, BBC Radio Wales and BBC Radio Cymru for the first time.
A park and walk service will operate at Cardiff City Stadium in Leckwith, and anyone cycling to the race can use a bike park at Gorsedd Gardens next to the runners' village.
Competitors can leave their belongings at baggage areas at Bute Park and Museum Place from 07:30.
The majority of roads will reopen at 12:00 and any runners left on the course after that time will continue on pavements.
Live online coverage of the event starts at 08:00 at the BBC Wales News website.


A driver was pursued by a police motorcyclist at speeds of up to 145mph (233km/h) on a dual carriageway.

The police officer followed the Audi S3 after it sped past him on on the A428 between Caxton and Hardwick, Cambridgeshire, on Sunday.
He said he chased the car for more than three miles, recording an average speed of 132mph (212km/h).
The driver will face a summons to court for speeding offences, the officer said.
Keep up to speed with other news from Cambridgeshire
The officer said the vehicle was "one of several" caught exceeding the limit in the area.
"It's very dangerous, not just for the driver but everyone around him, and for myself having to travel at those speeds on a motorcycle to catch and stop him," he said.
Shortly before the Audi was stopped, the same officer had pulled over a motorcycle speeding at more than 100mph (160km/h) on the same stretch of 70mph (112km/h) road.