Firefighters battling an ongoing woodchip blaze have called in an expert on waste fires.

The fire at Oak Farm in Rugeley, Staffordshire, has been smouldering for almost two weeks.
Residents have complained about having to keep their windows shut due to thick smoke.
Staffordshire Fire Service has now mobilised Mark Andrews, the Chief Fire Officer Association's lead on dealing with waste fires.
Firefighter Rob Barber said he had offered advice about different approaches to try.
"Our primary concern is the safety of the public and the environment and, although we have been proactive in dealing with the situation at Oak Tree Farm, our options have been limited," Mr Barber said.
The fire, involving 1,000 tonnes of waste, started on 5 September.
A controlled burn has been taking place amid fears water supplies could be contaminated.
Public Health England has advised residents to keep windows and doors closed.
Firefighter Tim Hyde said: "We acknowledge the frustrations and concerns of the public but would assure them that the normal techniques we would apply in such circumstances could cause issues for other partners."
Cannock Chase Council's environmental health team is looking at deploying equipment to monitor the air quality in the area.


Hibs' debutant goalkeeper Conrad Logan saved two penalties in a shootout to send the Edinburgh side through to the Scottish Cup final after a 0-0 draw.

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Logan, playing his first senior game in 16 months, saved from Dundee United's Blair Spittal and Billy Mckay.
Hibs striker Jason Cummings, who dinked a ridiculous first-half penalty over the bar, made amends by scoring the winning penalty in the shootout.
Irishman Logan produced a series of vital saves in normal and extra time.
The 29-year-old, whose last game was for Rochdale in December 2014, twice denied Mckay in the first half, before making further saves from John Rankin and Henri Anier in the extra period.
In the shootout he stopped United's first two penalties, diving to his left to save from Spittal and then to his right to deny Mckay.
Hibs, who meet the winners of Sunday's second semi-final between Rangers and Celtic in the final on 21 May,  scored all of their penalties - John McGinn, Paul Hanlon, Martin Boyle and Cummings - to clinch it 4-2.
Cummings might have been at the heart of the last act, but Logan was the undoubted hero.
The Championship side controlled things early on, United's risky decision to put Callum Morris out of position at left-back misfiring repeatedly.
Morris looked confused and vulnerable and how Hibs went after him. They piled into space around him, seizing on his discomfort, but were just not accurate enough in possession to turn all their pressure into a goal.
Out of the blue, United created a huge chance. It was midway through the half and Mckay was set free, one-on-one with Logan who came out to meet the striker and beat away his shot - a critical save by the Donegal man.
Logan only signed for Hibs on 31 March and got the nod ahead of Finnish keeper Otso Virtanen in the absence of the suspended Mark Oxley.
A largely unused Leicester player for 14 seasons - in the last game of the 2012-13 season he sat on their bench alongside Danny Drinkwater, Jamie Vardy and the on-loan Harry Kane - Logan was regularly farmed out by the Foxes to the lower reaches of English football - from Boston United to Bristol Rovers, Rotherham to Rochdale.
Yet Logan would save his team again and again in this semi-final.
Hibs blew their golden chance when Cummings made a humiliating botch of his penalty after Coll Donaldson handled in the box.
On Tuesday, against Falkirk, Cummings scored from the spot by hammering the ball into the roof of the net. Here, he went for a Panenka (a Zidane or a Pirlo for the younger generation or, for Kilmarnock devotees, a Kallum Higginbotham).
All of those guys scored, Cummings did not. His chip floated up and over Eiji Kawashima's crossbar to the accompanying groans, and then fury, of the Hibs support. It was a lamentable waste.
After half an hour, Morris was finally put out of his misery when replaced by Paul Dixon, who fixed the problem. Soon after, Hanlon's errant defending allowed Mckay in for another one-on-one with Logan, the Irishman coming out on top again.
United created another chance early in the second half when Ryan Dow's close-range shot had to be dealt with by Hanlon, who headed the spinning ball off the Hibs line. The rest of the half meandered to a tame conclusion, United on top but neither side doing enough to test their opposing goalkeeper.
Into extra time we went. Rankin forced another save for Logan, then Logan denied United substitute Henri Anier, the fifth time in the match that United had come close.
Hibs offered precious little in return. They hung on for penalties and clinched the most dramatic passage to the final.


A German regional court has ordered an end to the Lufthansa pilots' strike which has affected 140,000 travellers, overturning a previous ruling by a lower court.

Pilots began action stopping long-haul flights yesterday and extended it to medium and short-haul journeys today.
Their union is in a long battle over pay and retirement benefits.
The company said the judgement was good news for passengers, but came too late to alter Wednesday's flight schedule.
It said flights would be back to normal on Thursday.
The strike, which affected 1,000 flights, was the 13th stoppage in 18 months.
Lufthansa is trying to restructure to meet increasing competition, particularly from the Gulf airlines and lower-cost operators, and wants to maintain market share through its budget airline.
It has insisted it will go ahead with contract changes that bring pilots' pay and conditions into line with colleagues at the lower-cost operations.
The German employers' association BDA said the strikes were damaging the entire German economy.


British artist Benedict Drew is aiming to "challenge a culture of unhealthy body image" through pieces of art work being unveiled across digital screens in the London Underground today.

The works have been commissioned by Art on the Underground, an initiative created by London Underground in 2000, designed to "champion contemporary art in London".
The video work, titled de-re-touch, is inspired by London's unique underground environment and plays with the language of advertising.
At eight seconds long, the video acts as an interruption to the images and adverts fed to commuters on the Underground.
De-re-touch includes a close-up shot of an ear, a throbbing fist and flashing text - referencing the mass of bodies people encounter both as tube passengers but also in advertising.
To accompany the video, the artist has created an electronic and experimental audio piece available to download, which is designed to be listened to while travelling.
Drew has been working across video, sculpture and experimental music dating back to his time at art school in the '90s.
Can you tell me a bit about your background? How did you start creating art?
I was very privileged with my mother running a gallery in Canterbury, so was I brought up around amazing art, it was like a family trade. I was very lucky in that respect. I went to Middlesex Arts school in the 90s which was an amazing time,  some really good people had come out of that art school, people like Hayley Newman - she was totally inspiring.  I then went back to doing an MA at the Slade School of Fine Art about 5 years ago, it was amazing.
What attracted you to this project?
It's really wonderful to be invited to work with Art on the Underground, it's an organisation that's very public and so I've been aware of their works for quite some time. Being asked to make something about this sight of the underground and within that kind of space was really challenging. It was quite nice to engage with something I'm so familiar with. The underground is such an intense place.
What do you find unique about London's underground environment?
It's a very shared space and you're very close to people you don't know and that's kind of unusual, in a city where we are all trying to mark our own territory. It's quite archaic as times as well and the underground can be super confusing. I think it's quite remarkable how well people behave towards each other on the tube, given the crampness of it all - people give up their seats for the elderly, people will stand on the right side of the escalator.
What is it about advertisements that frustrate you?
We're confronted with distorted images of bodies, especially female bodies. I see [advertisements] this, as a kind of oppression. - We're confronted with photos that aren't even real, they are digital drawings. Making the video work that sits amongst real advertisements was important to me and when given this project, I felt it was impossible not to address this issue.
I acknowledge that I'm a white, male artist and I'm privileged in that respect  and that maybe I'm not the best person to be talking about this, however it's all of our problem. The misrepresentation of bodies through a male gaze is a destructive thing and it's harmful and warps our perception - enough is enough.
That's why the work is called de-re-touch, it's a call to stop re-touching photos. The video is kind of messy and scrawling and fast moving which is very different to the adverts it will be sitting amongst. I guess it's a small protest against a world of image making that is still very dominant in advertising today - Why will this unrealistic, imagined idea of a perfect body sell me an item of clothing or a gym membership? It's so messed up and it seems so obvious to say it.
You seem to feel very strongly about body image and negative, self-perceptions - is this a theme you will explore more in the future concerning your work?
I don't know. I often think of my work as songs, like this piece is gestural.
What do you hope for people to take away from your work?
I want people to stop accepting these distorted images of bodies, I'd like everyone to just say it's unacceptable because, it is - it's oppression. When you see television programmes from the 60s and seventies and you just see obvious racism or homophobia, now you think "Gosh, that's so unacceptable", like that wouldn't happen now which is good, we've moved on. I think there will be a time where we just look back and think "oh my gosh, what were people thinking?"
Is your artwork planned or instinctual?
It's complicated. It's emergent and comes out of a set of things I indulge in the things I see, music I listen to, or books I've read - it's kind of like constructing a cultural universe and then out of that emerges a voice and forms the way you think, my work is excreted out of that.
Do you ever have artist's block? And if so, how do you break out of it?
Deadlines help! [laughs] It's tough but I'm quite productive and I work a lot. What I like about art, as an arena, is that anything can be allowed into it - if you wish to make shoes, you could do it and that is artwork. I make drawings, prints, sculptures, videos and music; so when I'm blocked with one medium, I can jump onto another, which I find quite useful.
How do you know when a piece is finished? How do you know when to stop?
Generally the day before the exhibition opens [laughs]. There's a sense that you can tinker with things forever but it's quite good to keep hold of immediacy, like if you overwork something you can lose the energy within it. I think that's the case across all forms or work.
What's next for you?
I'm currently in the British Art Show which opened in Leeds a few weeks ago and that travels around the country, so the next place it goes to is Edinburgh so I need to start thinking of how the space will handle the installation. I'm also teaching at the Slade Fine School of Art. I want to try to make so more music too, maybe make a record?
Benedict Drew's new pieces can be seen across a wide range of underground stations across London.


An £85,000 statue to commemorate Cardiff City's 1927 FA Cup winning captain Fred Keenor has been unveiled outside the club's stadium.

It follows a lengthy fundraising campaign by Cardiff City Supporters Trust and statue appeal committee.
Fans chose a design by artist Roger Andrews, who produced the Millennium Stadium's Sir Tasker Watkins statue.
Cardiff won the FA Cup after beating Arsenal 1-0 - the only time the trophy has gone to a non-English club.
Philip Nifield, supporters' trust spokesman, said: "Fred might not have been Cardiff's most gifted player, but unarguably he's our most successful, and the legend of his never-say-die spirit has helped sustain City sides through the many darker years which followed,"
"We began the appeal to raise funds for a Fred Keenor statue in 2010, on the 83rd anniversary of the Cup final win, and it'll be officially unveiled 40 years after he died, so there's a lot of poignancy to the occasion.
"One of the most heart-warming aspects has been that - along with the major contributions from the Welsh government and the Football Association of Wales - we've received individual donations ranging from £5,000 to children coming in with their 50p pocket money."
The son of a bricklayer from the Roath area of the city, Keenor signed for Cardiff in 1912.
During his 19 years at the club, the Bluebirds were losing finalists and winners of the FA Cup, won the Charity Shield and were First Division runners-up.
Keenor also won 32 caps for Wales, leading them to Home Nations' Championship titles in 1920, 1924 and 1928.
Nephew Graham Keenor says his uncle achieved all this despite being injured on active service in the First World War.
"In common with so many professional footballers of the day, when war broke out in 1914 Fred joined-up with the 17th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment, who were nicknamed the Football Battalion," he said.
"He took a serious leg injury from shrapnel at the battle of the Somme, and doctors told him that he'd never be able to play again.
"But Fred had other ideas. He never knew when he was beaten.
"When Cardiff lost the 1925 FA Cup final, he told reporters that he was proud to have got so far, and that supporters shouldn't be down-in-the-mouth as he could confidently say that Cardiff would go one better sometime soon - and he was right."
The statue was unveiled outside Gate 3 at the Cardiff City Stadium in the build-up to the Bluebirds' game at home to Hull City.


Chris Evans has topped the list of the BBC's best-paid stars.

He made between £2.2m and £2.25m in 2016/2017, while Claudia Winkleman was the highest-paid female celebrity, earning between £450,000 and £500,000.
About two-thirds of stars earning more than £150,000 are male, compared to one-third female, according to the BBC annual report.
Director general Tony Hall said there was "more to do" on gender and diversity.
It is the first time the pay of stars earning more than £150,000 has been made public.
The BBC has been compelled to reveal the information, including the pay of 96 of its top stars, under the terms of its new Royal Charter.
The total bill for the 96 personalities was £28.7m; but the figures in the report reveal large disparities between what men and women are paid.
Overall, 25 men on the talent list receive more than £250,000, compared to just nine women.
Speaking on LBC Radio, Prime Minister Theresa May said: "We've seen the way the BBC is paying women less for doing the same job... I want women to be paid equally."
When asked if Chris Evans was worth 12 of her, Mrs May - who earns about £150,000 - said: "What's important is that the BBC looks at the question of paying men and women the same for doing the same job."
"On gender and diversity, the BBC is more diverse than the broadcasting industry and the civil service," Lord Hall said.
"We've made progress, but we recognise there is more to do and we are pushing further and faster than any other broadcaster."
When asked if female talent working at the BBC would now be asking for pay rises, Lord Hall said: "We will be working carefully on our relationship with our talent."
Woman's Hour's Jane Garvey tweeted: "I'm looking forward to presenting @BBCWomansHour today. We'll be discussing #GenderPayGap . As we've done since 1946. Going well, isn't it?"
Newsnight presenter Emily Maitlis, who did not appear on the list, retweeted Garvey's message.
There is also a gap between the pay for white stars and those from a black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) background.
George Alagiah, Jason Mohammad and Trevor Nelson are the highest paid BAME presenters, each receiving between £250,000 and £300,000.
The highest-paid female star with a BAME background is BBC news presenter Mishal Husain, who earned between £200,000 and £250,000.
The annual report contains pay information in bands and does not reveal exact amounts. Nor does it include stars who receive their pay through BBC Worldwide, the corporation's commercial arm.
The figures quoted only refer to the amount of licence fee money each person receives and do not include their earnings from other broadcasters or commercial activities.
They also exclude stars paid through independent production companies.
That means some big name stars - such as David Attenborough, Benedict Cumberbatch and Matt LeBlanc - do not appear on the list.
The list also does not distinguish between people who are paid for doing multiple jobs within the BBC and those who are just paid for one.
Strictly Come Dancing head judge Len Goodman - who has now left the show - and fellow judge Bruno Tonioli were both in the £200,000-£250,000 band.
The show's other judges, Craig Revel Horwood and Darcey Bussell, got between £150,000 and £200,000.
Tess Daly, Winkleman's Strictly Come Dancing co-host, was paid between £350,000 and £400,000.
Graham Norton earned more than £850,000 but this does not include payments to his production company, which makes The Graham Norton Show and pays him a separate salary.
The BBC is alone amongst the UK's major broadcasters in releasing pay details for its on-air and on-screen talent. Talent pay is considerably higher in the commercial sector.
As he left the BBC after his Radio 2 breakfast show on Wednesday, Chris Evans said it was right "on balance" that star salaries were being disclosed.
"We are the ultimate public company I think, and therefore it's probably right and proper people know what we get paid," he told reporters.
During a briefing on the annual report on Wednesday morning, Lord Hall said: "Chris Evans is presenting the most popular show on the most popular radio network in Europe.
"The BBC does not exist in a market on its own where it can set the market rates.
"If we are to give the public what they want, then we have to pay for those great presenters and stars."
Aside from Strictly, Winkleman's other BBC roles include presenting The Great British Sewing Bee and her Radio 2 Sunday night show.
Her agent said she would be making no comment.
If you ask experienced people in the world of broadcasting what they think of these salary disclosures, three clear and consistent points are apparent.
First, the BBC pays below - and sometimes much below - market rates, both at management level and in terms of top broadcasting talent.
Second, this move will prove inflationary. Those on the list will think to themselves: "Why is that inferior presenter getting paid more than me?" - and will demand a pay rise.
Third, if you thought it was tin hat time for the talent, pity the poor agents they work with.
Read more from Amol here.
Casualty star Derek Thompson was the BBC's highest paid actor, receiving between £350,000 and £400,000 over the last financial year.
Amanda Mealing, who also stars in Casualty as well as Holby City, was the highest paid actress, receiving between £250,000 and £300,000.
Peter Capaldi, the outgoing star of Doctor Who, was paid between £200,000 and £250,000.
Clare Balding earned between £150,000 and £200,000 for her work on sports shows including Wimbledon Today and the Rio Olympics.
The overall spend on talent was £193.5m - down on the £200m spent in 2015/2016.
The figures also showed a decrease - from 109 to 96 - in the number of stars paid more than £150,000.
The total spend on stars with salaries of more than £150,000 was also down £5 million on the £31.9 million paid in the previous financial year.
Speaking on the Today programme, Lord Grade - a former BBC One controller - called the government's insistence that talent pay be disclosed "distasteful and disturbing".
"The net result of this is inflation," he said. "Talent salaries and wages will round upwards, they won't go down."
Former culture secretary John Whittingdale MP said: "If somebody is earning the equivalent of 1,000 households' licence fees put together… the licence fee payer deserves to know."
The annual report showed that the BBC continues to reach 95 percent of UK adults every week.
It also said the iPlayer had its most successful year to date, with an average of 246 million requests each month.
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Oscar-winning writer and film director Curtis Hanson has died at his home in Hollywood at the age of 71.

Police said he died of natural causes. A report said he had retired in recent years due to Alzheimer's.
Hanson won an Oscar in 1998 for best adapted screenplay for LA Confidential. His directing credits included The Hand That Rocks the Cradle and Wonder Boys.
He also directed Detroit hip-hop movie 8 Mile starring Eminem, who led the tributes.
"Curtis Hanson believed in me and our crazy idea to make a rap battle movie set in Detroit," the rapper said in a statement. "He basically made me into an actor for 8 Mile. I'm lucky I got to know him."
LA Confidential actor Russell Crowe wrote on Twitter: "Thank you for believing in me & standing your ground. In reality you made my job a career. Love & respect my friend."
Hanson, born in Reno, Nevada, started as a writer for the magazine Cinema before moving into screenwriting and directing in the early 1970s.
"I got into the business kind of through a side door," he said in 2005. "I felt my best avenue was through screenwriting, because to write, all you need is a typewriter and an idea."
But it was only in 1992, with The Hand That Rocks the Cradle, that he found mainstream success.
He went on to direct The River Wild with Meryl Streep and Kevin Bacon in 1994, and he co-wrote the screenplay for 1997's LA Confidential, adapted from James Ellroy's novel about crime in 1950s Los Angeles.
"LA Confidential was the first movie that I produced as well," he revealed in 2005.
"My attitude was very calculated. I knew I was using up the leverage I had earned on those other two movies and making a picture I really wanted to make."
In 2000, he filmed Wonder Boys with Michael Douglas and Tobey Maguire, who described Hanson as "a generous and talented man", adding: "I'm grateful to have known and worked with him."
On Twitter, Bacon said: "So sad to hear about Curtis Hanson. great director. Great man. Riding that river with him was one of the greatest gigs of my life."
Most recently, Hanson directed the HBO film Too Big To Fail, about the financial crisis.
Actor James Woods added his tribute. He wrote: "This saddens me deeply. Great director and the nicest man. RIP, dear friend."
Rob Lowe, who acted in 1990's Bad Influence, said it was "an honour to make Bad Influence with Curtis Hanson. So smart, so kind and a great storyteller. I will miss him".
Hanson's final project was 2012 surf movie Chasing Mavericks, with Gerard Butler and Elisabeth Shue. However, Curtis dropped out during filming due to an undisclosed illness and was replaced by Michael Apted.
Actress Abigail Spencer, who also starred in Chasing Mavericks, posted: "So honoured I got to work with the dear Curtis Hanson - the most lovely and wonderful. Heartbroken. My condolences to his family."
When asked to describe his career in 2005, Hanson told the BBC: "Thematically I just go to what interests me. I'm always asking myself, is this a world I want to go into?
"To use the analogy of a traveller, I'm someone who likes to go to different countries rather than return to the same country all the time."
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Former pop star Gary Glitter has been jailed for a total of 16 years for sexually abusing three young girls between 1975 and 1980.

Glitter, whose real name is Paul Gadd, was sentenced for attempted rape, four counts of indecent assault and one of having sex with a girl under 13.
Sentencing, Judge Alistair McCreath said he could find "no real evidence" that Gadd had atoned for his crimes.
The 70-year-old showed no emotion as he left the dock at Southwark Crown Court.
Judge McCreath told Gadd it was clear his victims "were all profoundly affected" by his abuse of them.
"You did all of them real and lasting damage and you did so for no other reason than to obtain sexual gratification for yourself of a wholly improper kind," he said.
Judge McCreath said he assessed the seriousness of the offences by current guidelines, but he was limited to the maximum sentences that were available at the time the offences were committed, when "the sentencing climate was less severe".
"The offences for which I must pass sentence today took place many years ago at a time when in particular, in respect of one of them, the maximum sentence was considerably lower than that which is now available," he said.
Judge McCreath said the modern equivalent offence of unlawful intercourse with a child under 13 would be equivalent to rape of a child, but said he was not permitted to pass a life sentence.
He said the offence of attempted rape was "so serious" as to justify the maximum available sentence under the old regime of seven years, which he noted would be a lenient sentence under modern guidelines.
Sallie Bennett-Jenkins QC, defending, told the court that Gadd had been subject to a "very high degree of vilification" and "demonification" in the press after being jailed in Vietnam in 2006 for molesting two girls aged 11 and 12.
She said he had led "an increasingly isolated life" for the last decade and had been unable to walk down the street "without being the subject of vilification".
Gadd, from Marylebone, central London, had denied the allegations against him but was found guilty at the end of a three-week-long trial earlier this month.
He had been at the height of his fame when he attacked two girls aged 12 and 13 after inviting them backstage to his dressing room.
His youngest victim had been less than 10 years old when he crept into her bed and tried to rape her in 1975.
Judge McCreath described Gadd's abuse of a girl under 10 as "appalling" and said: "It is difficult to overstate the depravity of this dreadful behaviour."
He noted that in 2011 Gadd sought professional help to understand his sexual behaviour but said: "Whatever changes may have been effected in you by this treatment, they did not include any admission at all on your part of the wrong that you had done."
The allegations against Gadd came to light only years later when he became the first person to be arrested under Operation Yewtree - the investigation launched by the Met in the wake of the Jimmy Savile scandal.
Scotland Yard confirmed that it had received other information in light of Gadd's conviction, and that it is "currently being assessed".
Det Ch Insp Michael Orchard, from Operation Yewtree, said Gadd was a "habitual sexual predator who took advantage of the star status afforded to him".
He added: "His lack of remorse and defence that the victims were lying make his crimes all the more indefensible."
Mark Castle, chief executive of charity Victim Support, said: "This prison sentence is testament to the courage Glitter's victims showed in reporting their ordeal and bravely confronting this serial paedophile in court."


It is meant to be a heartfelt appeal from some of the US's most recognisable faces.

Actors Martin Sheen and Debra Messing are joined by a host of other celebrities - including musician Moby - to ask Republican electors to not cast their vote for President-elect Donald Trump on 19 December.
The argument put forward in the Unite for America clip is simple - Mr Trump is not fit to be president of the United States, and therefore members of the Electoral College should block his entry to the White House.
"Our founding fathers built the Electoral College to safeguard the American people from the dangers of a demagogue and to ensure that the presidency only goes to someone who is, to an eminent degree, endowed with the requisite qualifications," Sheen explains in the video.
Mr Trump, the celebrities continue, is not "highly qualified for the job" - and therefore the electors could, and should, prevent him from taking office.
In theory, the Electoral College could do this: It would take 37 Republican electors to vote for someone other than Mr Trump - thereby taking the party under the 270-vote threshold necessary for victory - to technically block his path to the White House.
It is the latest stance taken by celebrities against Mr Trump's impending leadership. Others have been less direct - designers refusing to dress future First Lady Melania Trump, or rejecting offers to sing at the inauguration.
In stark contrast to his predecessor Barack Obama, only one A-list celebrity - Kanye West - has publicly endorsed Mr Trump since his election.
But in reality, how much does any of this matter - and how effective is such a direct plea to a group of Republicans?
If you believe the New York Daily News, not very.
"This video of celebs pleading with the Electoral College is why Hillary Clinton lost," the newspaper's website proclaimed in a headline.
Mrs Clinton did have a lot of celebrity supporters - on election night, actress Lena Dunham, singer Lady Gaga and comedian Amy Schumer were all in New York to support the Democrat they hoped would become the first female US leader.
They had all been vociferous campaigners for Mrs Clinton, as had Beyonce, whose plea to fans to vote for Mrs Clinton has had 2.4 million views to date.
In comparison, Mr Trump failed to attract any huge stars to support his campaign.
Yet Mr Trump won - suggesting celebrity endorsements do not have huge sway over voters.
Indeed, a study of possible voters in Ohio by professors Melissa Miller and David Jackson, both of Bowling Green State University, found that celebrity endorsements are potentially the opposite of helpful.
Writing in The Daily Beast, Mr Jackson revealed: "None of the celebrities [given as possible endorsers in the study] showed a net positive effect, and four of them showed double-digit net negative effects."
What's more, this election has taken a swipe at the so-called liberal elite - and nowhere is the elite more liberal than in Hollywood.
Oprah Winfrey may be credited with playing a major role in Barack Obama's 2008 election, but a quick glance at the response on Twitter to the Unite for America video shows there is no appetite for the 1% to lecture the majority on how they should vote.
"You stick to pretending to be somebody else," wrote one. "Nobody gives the rear end of a rodent what you and your pampered friends think."
Another tweeted: "Y'all prove one thing. being a so-called educated intellectual doesn't mean you have common sense."
Meanwhile, a meme mused whether celebrities were more upset about the election result, of "finding out people don't give a **** about their opinions".
And despite the odd tweet praising them for being a "glimmer of hope in an era of hopelessness", even fellow liberals have questioned the point of such a video.
So with a backlash against celebrities, it seems highly unlikely their doom-laden words will sway Republican electors on Sunday.
There is, of course, one huge irony in all of this: Mr Trump has, arguably, only been elected to the highest office in the land because he is a celebrity.


Goals from Adam Reach and Daniel Pudil ensured Sheffield Wednesday remained in the play-off places with a win at QPR.

Reach smashed into the bottom-right corner in the 12th minute to give the visitors the lead before Idrissa Sylla equalised eight minutes later.
Pudil then headed the Owls back in front on the rebound after Jordan Rhodes' effort was saved.
Wednesday move up to fifth in the table, two points ahead of Leeds, who drop to seventh after defeat by Wolves.
Carlos Carvalhal's Wednesday now have three games left to secure a second successive play-off finish with a home game against sixth-placed Fulham on the final day looking crucial.
They withheld QPR's strong push for an equaliser in the closing stages to seal their fourth straight win.
In comparison, Ian Holloway's side have now lost five games in a row and are yet to mathematically secure their Championship status for next season.
Rangers are 17th in the table on 50 points, six points above Blackburn in the final relegation place.
Sheffield Wednesday manager Carlos Carvalhal:
"We are very strong mentally - the mentality of this team is very strong.
"When you play twice in three days, physical teams can cause you problems and it's not easy to play twice in such a short time.
"But we are very strong and the confidence is high. We have four wins in a row and the mentality is really strong, which is why we achieved the three points today."
QPR manager Ian Holloway:
"It's just very frustrating. It would be nice to get three points and leave us with only six to play for.
"If we can get three in the next game at Brentford then everybody can just breath and we can start again.
"Did we deserve to lose? Honestly? No. I think that's a draw, but unfortunately they saw it out and we didn't."
Match ends, Queens Park Rangers 1, Sheffield Wednesday 2.
Second Half ends, Queens Park Rangers 1, Sheffield Wednesday 2.
Hand ball by James Perch (Queens Park Rangers).
Offside, Sheffield Wednesday. Daniel Pudil tries a through ball, but Atdhe Nuhiu is caught offside.
Attempt saved. Jake Bidwell (Queens Park Rangers) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom left corner.
Foul by Atdhe Nuhiu (Sheffield Wednesday).
James Perch (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Fernando Forestieri (Sheffield Wednesday) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jamie Mackie (Queens Park Rangers).
Foul by Atdhe Nuhiu (Sheffield Wednesday).
Kazenga Lua Lua (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Adam Reach (Sheffield Wednesday) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jake Bidwell (Queens Park Rangers).
Attempt missed. Luke Freeman (Queens Park Rangers) left footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the left following a corner.
Corner,  Queens Park Rangers. Conceded by Adam Reach.
Foul by Atdhe Nuhiu (Sheffield Wednesday).
James Perch (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Matt Smith (Queens Park Rangers) header from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Jake Bidwell with a cross.
Attempt missed. Idrissa Sylla (Queens Park Rangers) header from the centre of the box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Kazenga Lua Lua with a cross following a set piece situation.
Foul by Liam Palmer (Sheffield Wednesday).
Kazenga Lua Lua (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Attempt blocked. Fernando Forestieri (Sheffield Wednesday) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Atdhe Nuhiu.
Attempt missed. Daniel Pudil (Sheffield Wednesday) header from the centre of the box is too high. Assisted by Barry Bannan with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Sheffield Wednesday. Conceded by Jake Bidwell.
James Perch (Queens Park Rangers) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Atdhe Nuhiu (Sheffield Wednesday) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by James Perch (Queens Park Rangers).
Substitution, Sheffield Wednesday. Atdhe Nuhiu replaces Jordan Rhodes.
Substitution, Queens Park Rangers. Matt Smith replaces Ryan Manning.
Foul by Adam Reach (Sheffield Wednesday).
Jake Bidwell (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Kazenga Lua Lua (Queens Park Rangers) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the right. Assisted by Luke Freeman.
Offside, Queens Park Rangers. Joel Lynch tries a through ball, but Conor Washington is caught offside.
Foul by Jordan Rhodes (Sheffield Wednesday).
Joel Lynch (Queens Park Rangers) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Queens Park Rangers. Conceded by Josè Semedo.
Substitution, Sheffield Wednesday. Josè Semedo replaces Ross Wallace.
Substitution, Sheffield Wednesday. Fernando Forestieri replaces Gary Hooper.
Attempt missed. Barry Bannan (Sheffield Wednesday) left footed shot from outside the box is just a bit too high.
Attempt blocked. Gary Hooper (Sheffield Wednesday) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.


Worcestershire's teenage seamer Josh Tongue tore Glamorgan apart with five wickets as they fell to 76-6 in reply to the hosts' 267 all out at New Road.

The 19-year-old produced a spell of 5-3 in 19 balls as six Glamorgan wickets fell in the last 13 overs of day one.
Ben Cox's aggressive 93 off 99 balls was the mainstay of the home innings, while Ed Barnard (60) and Tongue (41) led the lower-order resistance.
Timm van der Gugten, with 4-66, was the pick of the Glamorgan attack.
Worcestershire counter-attacked hard from their poor start as Cox, having come in on a hat-trick on 14-3, hit 15 fours before being brilliantly caught by Andrew Salter within sight of his century.
After two double century opening stands in three matches, this time both Worcestershire openers were back in the pavilion inside eight overs, Daryl Mitchell, who had scored 534 runs in his previous five innings, going for a third-ball duck.
Netherlands seamer van der Gugten claimed four of the first six wickets to fall in an accurate display, including Tom Fell and Brett D'Oliveira in successive balls.
But, in only his sixth Championship game, Tongue outshone everyone. He improved his best with both bat and ball, aided by some superb slip catching in the dramatic closing overs as only Jacques Rudolph (49 not out) reached double figures.
Worcestershire's Ben Cox told BBC Hereford & Worcester:
"It was an edgy start, going in at 14-3, and I wasn't backing myself. But, on a wicket like that, it sometimes suits my game to go out and try and put the pressure back on them.
"Fortunately my edges didn't go to hand. And iIt was a good catch (to get me out), but it's 93 from a position where we were really struggling and we're in a good position now.
"We couldn't be happier after that spell from Tonguey. That's one of the best spells I've kept to. We said it down at Glamorgan that there's going to be times that he has those spells, he clicks and hits the zone."
Glamorgan's Jacques Rudolph told BBC Wales Sport:
"First and foremost it was a great spell of bowling (by Tongue), it's one of those spells where Joe (Clarke) took a brilliant one-handed catch, the keeper (Cox) took a brilliant one-handed catch and it's obviously not ideal to be in this position because it's quite a good wicket.
"Coming back, we've got to have a strong mind-set and when we bowl again. we probably gave 20 to 30 runs too many, but there's still plenty of time left in the game.
"If your mind-set's good on this wicket, it gives you opportunities to score, Cox almost got a hundred by playing really positively."


A scheme to vaccinate badgers against bovine tuberculosis in a bid to tackle the disease in cattle has been launched by the government.

It is hoped the vaccinations will halt the spread of TB from hotspot areas in the South West and West Midlands.
Groups will be offered funding of up to 50% of the costs for vaccinating.
The move comes as the government prepares to cull more than 1,000 badgers in west Gloucestershire and west Somerset.
Areas identified for vaccination include Cheshire, Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire, Warwickshire, Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire, Berkshire, Hampshire and East Sussex.
The aim is to create a "buffer" zone to prevent the spread of the disease in new areas of the country where incidence is currently low.
The programme is part of the government's strategy to achieve bovine TB free status in England by 2038.
The scheme has been welcomed as "fantastic" by Dominic Dyer of the Badger Trust and Policy Advisor at Care for the Wild.
"Badgers are no more than a minor player when it comes to bovine TB... culling them is a completely pointless, unscientific and ultimately unsuccessful way of dealing with this small percentage of infectious badgers," he said.
Projects considered eligible for the Badger Edge Vaccination Scheme (BEVS) need to be predominantly close to the borders of the hotspot areas and must cover a minimum area of about nine sq m (15 sq km).
Nigel Gibbens, the UK's Chief Veterinary Officer, urged groups to take advantage of the offer to help stop the spread of the disease.
"We know vaccination cannot cure badgers already carrying TB, but used in the right areas, it can play a vital role in creating a barrier to the disease's spread," he said.
Culling of badgers is due to begin again in Gloucestershire and Somerset, with the maximum number of badgers that can be culled set at 1,091 in Gloucestershire and 785 in Somerset.


Police have named a woman killed in a crash between a car and van near Peebles in the Borders.

Margaret Jamieson, 70, from Peebles, suffered fatal injuries in the accident at about 16:40 on Monday on the A703, north of Redscarhead.
Two other people - a man and a woman - were seriously injured and were taken to the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh.
Police have urged anyone who witnessed the crash, involving a Nissan Quashqai and a VW Caddy, to contact them.


The Hillsborough disaster should be a "touchstone" for everything police do, Home Secretary Theresa May has told the Police Federation annual conference.

All officers must "never forget" the 96 fans who died in the April 1989 tragedy and put professionalism at the heart of every decision, she told officers.
In April, the inquests found the victims were unlawfully killed.
Mrs May also said the police watchdog would investigate why laws to tackle domestic violence were underused.
Chief Inspector of Constabulary Sir Tom Winsor would examine why domestic abuse victims were "still being let down and reports are not being taken seriously enough" despite new laws, she said.
Police face domestic abuse cases probe
Special report: Hillsborough disaster
Meanwhile, the process of dismissing suspended South Yorkshire Police (SYP) chief constable David Crompton has begun, the BBC has learned.
Mr Crompton was suspended in the wake of the inquest findings. SYP's Police and Crime Commissioner Dr Alan Billings has completed two stages of an ongoing process to call for him to retire or resign and written to the chief inspector of constabulary.
Earlier at the conference, police had held a minute's silence to remember the victims.
Fans were crushed at the Leppings Lane end of Sheffield Wednesday's ground at the FA Cup semi-final on 15 April 1989.
As the home secretary and Steve White took to the stage for Theresa May's seventh Police Federation conference speech, the sound system started playing Peter and the Wolf.
Was that an ironic reference to Mrs May's address last year when she accused police of "crying wolf" over the impact of budget cuts? Possibly.
However, unlike previous years, when the mood among officers has veered from hostile to venomous, the home secretary was given a polite reception - applauded as she walked to the lectern and clapped as she finished her speech.
The key message she delivered about the need for the Hillsborough tragedy to be a "touchstone" for policing is one that even the most sceptical officer will find hard to resist.
In her speech, Mrs May paid tribute to the families of those who died at Hillsborough and their 27-year fight for justice.
She said police had failed to put justice first, obstructing investigations and trying to blame fans for what had happened.
"We must never underestimate how the poison of decades-old misdeeds seeps down through the years and is just as toxic today as it was then," Mrs May told the Police Federation of England and Wales.
"Difficult truths, however unpalatable", must be confronted head-on, she said.
"Let's not forget, when we look at Hillsborough, the principal obstacle to the pursuit of justice has not been the passage of time.
"The problem has been that due process was obstructed and the police, the custodians of justice, failed to put justice first.
"Remember Hillsborough," Mrs May told the conference in Bournemouth. "Let it be a touchstone for everything you do."
Police must "never forget" those that died in the disaster and the "27 years of hurt endured by their families and loved ones".
"Let the hostility, the obfuscation and the attempts to blame the fans serve as a reminder of the need for change," she said.
At the conclusion of the inquests in April into the deaths of the 96 victims of Hillsborough, the jury found match commander Ch Supt David Duckenfield was "responsible for manslaughter by gross negligence" due to a breach of his duty of care.
In unanimous decisions, on all but one of 14 questions about the disaster, the jury found police errors also added to a dangerous situation at the FA Cup semi-final.
The conclusions followed a 27-year campaign for justice by victims' families and loved ones. Concerns emerged from the day of the disaster onwards:
In 2009, the government set up the Hillsborough Independent Panel to review documents relating to the disaster. It reported in September 2012, and a month later, the attorney general applied for the original inquests to be quashed.
In December 2012, the High Court quashed the accidental death verdicts. New inquests were ordered and the home secretary announced a new police inquiry into the disaster.
Concluding her speech to police on Tuesday, the Home Secretary urged police: "Make sure your institutions, whose job it is to protect the public, never again fail to put the public first.
"And put professionalism and integrity at the heart of every decision, every interaction and every dealing with the public you have.
She told police that if they do: "You will renew the model of policing by consent in this country, and you will be the custodians of justice for those who have been denied it for too long."


Openers Deepti Sharma and Poonam Raut shared a record stand of 320 as India's women routed Ireland by 249 runs in their quadrangular one-day international series in South Africa.

It smashed the previous women's ODI record of 268 set by England in 2008.
Sharma was eventually bowled for 188 from 160 balls while Raut retired hurt on 109 as India finished on 358-2.
Ireland were dismissed for 109 in 40 overs, with Mary Waldron top-scoring on 35 while Jennifer Gray added 26.
Left-arm spinner Rajeshwari Gayakwad took 4-18, supported by Shikha Pandey (3-16) as the under-strength Irish suffered a fourth straight defeat in Potchefstroom.
India hammered the Irish by 10 wickets in their opening game of the tournament while a six-wicket defeat by Zimbabwe was then followed by a 178-run reverse against the hosts last Thursday.
Seven uncapped players - Aoife Beggs, Rachel Delaney, Louise Little, Lara Maritz, Sophie MacMahon, Leah Paul and Rebecca Stokell - were included in Ireland's 15-woman squad for the tournament as a number of regulars were unavailable.
Ireland's women missed out on earning a place at this year's World Cup in England at the qualification tournament in Sri Lanka in February.


Farming can be a tough enough business at the best of times, but imagine not being able to prove that the land you farm is even yours.

In Ghana, for example, only 10% of smallholder farmers have any kind of certificate documenting their ownership rights.
Not only does this put them in a vulnerable position, it can often lead to disputes. And if your land is the main asset you want to borrow against, getting a loan can prove difficult, too.
So tech company Landmapp has come up with an innovative mobile platform that uses GPS location functionality to map and survey smallholder farmers.
Farmers receive a certified plan of the land and land tenure documentation signed by the surveyor, chiefs and high court.
"Land tenure insecurity is a core barrier to land investment and farming," explains Thomas Vaassen, Landmapp's co-founder and chief technical officer.
"Without proper documentation, there is a real risk of losing the rights to a land parcel. Also, without documentation it is often not possible to access financing, as the document is the only collateral at hand for most farmers."
The company started operations in Ghana earlier this year and has already completed more than 1,000 land maps. It says 80% of traditional chiefs are interested in the service.
Disputes can also occur between farmers and food companies who buy their produce.
These arrangements have traditionally relied on a large element of trust on both sides. But sometimes producers don't get paid when food companies think farmers haven't delivered what they promised.
So Freshmarte for Provenance has developed a mobile app that enables food companies and farmers to operate digital smart contracts based on blockchain, the technology underpinning the Bitcoin digital currency.
These contracts are recorded in an encrypted, decentralised ledger that cannot be tampered with, so there can be no dispute about the agreements or whether the terms have been fulfilled or not.
The app integrates satellite imagery to monitor the progress of farming projects. And following harvest, the price of produce is fairly determined by an algorithm.
The tech has other uses, too.
Freshmarte is based on open data, allowing anyone to view the source of the products being sold. Buyers can be sure that no child labour was used, for example, or that producers are receiving a fair wage.
"Our platform, with independent open data APIs [application programming interfaces], allows any concerned individual to research how, when, where, under which labour conditions, and price in respect to trade, the food on their table was grown, packaged, transported and delivered," explains founder Job Oyebisi.
The app is currently being trialled in southern Nigeria by British American Tobacco, and goes live country-wide in November.
Of course, it's not just hi-tech solutions helping farmers. Lo-tech phones have given them better access to live market prices, weather forecasts, and, crucially, advice for many years now.
One company, WeFarm, operates a peer-to-peer knowledge exchange service via SMS text message, allowing farmers to ask questions of other farmers.
Its algorithm routes the question to the most relevant farmers, based on their location and expertise, for example.
When Ugandan farmer Erick Beinenama's chickens were dying from coccidiosis, he turned to WeFarm in a bid to save them. Another chicken farmer saw his SMS, gave him advice, and Mr Beinenama managed to save his remaining 23 chickens.
"With farming, you need knowledge from other farmers for better yields," he says. "Without the information from WeFarm, I would have lost all of my chickens."
Each farmer receives on average three to five answers within a couple of hours, and often farmers from other countries begin sending in advice within 24 hours.
Until now, rural farmers typically relied on government field officers for assistance if they had a problem with their crops or livestock. Visits to rural villages from these officers are often only once a month - enough time for all of a farmer's animals to die, or their crops to fail.
"Technology opens up lots of opportunities, whether that is solving a problem on their farm, finding a market for produce, or being able to enhance their resilience to climate change," says Kenny Ewan, WeFarm's founder and chief executive.
"These small differences can make a huge impact on smallholders' livelihoods."
In the meantime, improving farmers' access to financial services - and financial security - also needs to be a priority for technical innovation, says Ross Baird, chief executive of investment and business training organisation, Village Capital.
With around 33 million small farms producing up to 90% of Africa's entire agricultural output, Mr Baird argues it is important to help farmers build their wealth and achieve financial security.
Nearly two-thirds of the rural population in sub-Saharan Africa live on less than $1.25 (95p) a day.
"Low-cost smartphones have given farmers access to financial services they never had before. But other tools, such as access to credit, savings, investments, and income-smoothing mechanisms require data that is currently too expensive for the plans that farmers have," Mr Baird says.
Village Capital recently ran a business accelerator in East Africa focusing on these challenges.
He says Africa needs better infrastructure, and preferably free internet, if farmers are to benefit fully from new technology.
"Ultimately, we will be successful when we see the average farmer earn a living wage and have financial security," he says.
Follow Technology of Business editor Matthew Wall on Twitter
Click here for more Technology of Business features


Theresa May and Jeremy Corbyn are both vowing action to improve security on Britain's streets.

Mrs May is highlighting Tory plans for a new commission to counter extremism and "stand up" to Islamists and others who threaten British values.
Mr Corbyn says Tory cuts have undermined security and is pledging to recruit an extra 10,000 police and more security staff if Labour wins power.
The Conservatives say the Labour leader's sums "don't add up".
The two party leaders have been engaged in a war of words over the best way to respond to the terror threat, in the wake of the suicide attack in Manchester that left 22 dead.
Mrs May earlier announced that the terror threat had been reduced from "critical" to "severe" but she warned people to "remain vigilant".
The Conservative general election manifesto includes plans for a Commission for Countering Extremism, which the party says will identify extremism, including the "non-violent" kind, and help communities stand up to it.
The party has not released full details of how it will work but has promised it will be a statutory body with "proper teeth and a clear remit".
Mrs May said: "Our enjoyment of Britain's diversity must not prevent us from confronting the menace of extremism, even if that is sometimes embarrassing or difficult to do.
"Extremism, especially Islamist extremism, strips some people of the freedoms they should enjoy, undermines the cohesion of our society, and can fuel violence. And it can be especially bad for women.
"There is clearly a role for government in tackling extremism where it involves behaviour that is or ought to be criminal.
But there is also a role for government to help people and build up organisations in society to promote and defend Britain's pluralistic values, and stand up to the extremists who want to undermine our values and impose their twisted beliefs onto the rest of us."
She added: "Enough is enough.  We need to be stronger and more resolute in standing up to these people."
Mr Corbyn, meanwhile, will repeat Labour's pledge to reverse cuts to police and emergency services staff he says have been carried out by the Conservatives.
Labour say they would recruit an extra 10,000 police officers, 3,000 more firefighters, 3,000 more prison officers, 1,000 more security and intelligence agency staff and 500 more border guards if Labour wins the general election, he says.
He is also promising extra staff for the security and intelligence agencies - GCHQ, MI6 and MI5 - in order "to better ensure our collective safety".
He added: "As well as full funding for our frontline and first response services, Labour will properly resource the partner agencies in other frontline public services, including schools and colleges, and local authorities.
"These agencies are charged with a duty to identify those individuals vulnerable to violent extremism but under the current government they have been held back and barely been able to provide their own core services.
"Only Labour is serious about properly resourcing our security and frontline services."
The Conservatives hit back at Labour's promises, with Home Secretary Amber Rudd saying: "Jeremy Corbyn can promise what he likes, but can't deliver anything because his sums don't add up and he isn't up to the job of keeping Britain safe."
In Autumn 2015, the then Chancellor, George Osborne, promised to spend Â£3.4bn extra on counter-terrorism - an increase of 30% - over the following five years.


Leicestershire all-rounder Ben Raine has signed a new contract that will keep him at the club until at least the end of the 2017 season.

The 23-year-old former Durham player's previous deal had been due to expire at the end of the current campaign.
He has made 28 appearances for Leicestershire in all formats since making his debut for the club in 2013.
"We feel that Ben has a really bright future in the game," chief executive Wasim Khan told the club's website.
"It's further good news for the club after Atif Sheikh, Aadil Ali and Lewis Hill all committed their futures to us recently."
Leicestershire drew their opening fixture of the new Division Two season and are on a 33-match winless run in the County Championship.


New York's Metropolitan Opera halted an afternoon performance after an audience member sprinkled what is suspected to be cremated ashes on to the orchestra.

The incident happened during an intermission of Guillaume Tell, prompting anti-terror units to enter the Lincoln Center venue.
Several audience members said a man told them he was there to release the ashes of a friend, police said.
The man has been identified and the authorities are trying to reach him.
Cultural venues in New York are on alert for potential threats following the 9/11 attacks and the sprinkling of the unknown material caused the opera house to be evacuated.
The show was cancelled, as was the night's performance of L'Italiana in Algeri, while police investigated.
John Miller, the New York Police Department's deputy commissioner in charge of intelligence and counterterrorism, said that while disposing of ashes may violate city codes "I don't believe at this point that we see any criminal intent here".
Some of those attending said they were particularly sad to miss the fourth act of Guillaume Tell, which is considered to have the best music in the opera.


A new video showing some of the Nigerian schoolgirls who were kidnapped two years ago gives hope they may return, their family and friends say.

The footage obtained by CNN, apparently filmed in December, shows 15 girls in black robes identifying themselves.
The girls were taken from a school in the town of Chibok by members of the Islamist group Boko Haram.
The kidnapping of the 276 girls triggered the global social media campaign #BringBackOurGirls.
The campaign involved US first lady Michelle Obama and a host of celebrities. Despite their efforts, most of the girls are still missing. Thursday marks the second anniversary of their disappearance.
The footage of the girls is the first to be seen since May 2014, when about 100 of them were shown in a video.
But Nigeria's Information Minister Lai Mohammed urged caution, saying the government had received a similar video last July that led to a "cul-de-sac".
He queried why it had been released now, if filmed in December, but stressed the government was "ready to explore all avenues that will lead to the release of the girls".
The footage was broadcast after being handed to the Nigerian government.
Apparently filmed on Christmas Day 2015, it shows the girls pleading with the Nigerian government to co-operate with militants on their release.
They said they were being treated well but wanted to be with their families.
Ayuba Alamson Chibok told AFP news agency he had recognised two of his nieces. "It has given some hope," he said. "Now we can believe these girls are still alive and we pray that they are released soon."
One girl named only as Saa, who escaped soon after being abducted and now lives in the US, spotted three of her friends.
"The moment I saw them and recognised their faces, I started crying, with tears of joy rolling down from my eyes, thanking God for their lives," she said in a statement issued through the Education Must Continue Initiative, a Washington-based charity that supports nine escapees.
"Seeing them gives me the courage to tell the world today that we should not lose hope.
"I want the world to raise their voice. Let's not stop until the government hears us and does something about it."
One mother, Yana Galang, identified five of the missing girls, Reuters news agency reports.
She and other family members were shown the video at a screening organised by local officials in Maiduguri, the capital of Borno state, where the Boko Haram insurgency began.
"They were definitely our daughters... all we want is for the government to bring back our girls," said Mrs Galang.
Relatives of the girls marched in the Nigerian capital, Abuja, on Thursday.
The BBC's Martin Patience in Abuja says they blame the previous government for doing nothing when the abduction took place, as well as the current administration for failing to devote enough resources to the search.
Boko Haram militants attacked the government boarding school in Borno state on 14 April 2014, seizing the girls who had gone there to take exams.
As the months passed, about 57 students managed to escape but at least 219 are still missing.
Amnesty International says about 2,000 children have been abducted by Boko Haram since 2014. Many are used as sex slaves, fighters and even suicide bombers.
Although the militants are still launching attacks, the Nigerian army has made progress in its fight against them over the past year, our correspondent adds.
'Boko Haram took my children'
Town divided by Boko Haram legacy
On patrol against Boko Haram
Who are Boko Haram?


The Scottish government has promised a decision on rail fares before the end of the year.

In the rest of the UK, train fares will go up by an average of 2.3%.
Regulated ScotRail fares are currently capped at the level of the Retail Price Index (RPI). Off-peak regulated fares are capped at 1% below RPI.
Scottish Labour has called for ScotRail fares to be frozen, an idea First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said could be considered.
A Scottish government spokeswoman said: "No final decision has been taken on next year's fares in Scotland and we are looking at options before the end of the year.
"We want to see a vibrant, growing industry with more seats and services than ever before and that is why we have taken action to help keep fares down."
She added: "In terms of calls for a fares freeze, as the First Minister stated in Parliament recently, we will consider any fully-costed options that might enable us to reduce costs to passengers while still delivering our ambitious infrastructure programme.
"Scotland's railways are offering an ever-more attractive travel option and, through our Â£5bn package of rail investment, we want to see a continued shift from road to rail."
Much of the Scottish government is on holiday for St Andrew's Day.
Transport minister Humza Yousaf has tweeted: "To confirm, as FM previously said - we are continuing to consider fare rates in Scotland and no final decision has been taken for next year."
Scottish Labour Transport spokesman Neil Bibby said: "This news makes it even more important that SNP ministers back Labour's plan for a fare freeze in 2017.
"After months of disruption on the rail network, passengers in Scotland deserve a break. People are fed up with overcrowded, delayed and expensive trains and it would be insulting to ask passengers to pay more for the service they are currently receiving."


A kayaker has described how she came very close to drowning after she got into difficulty at the Six Mile Water in Antrim.

Hannah Birt was navigating through a bridge at about 15:00 GMT on Saturday when heavy currents caught her, pinning her up against the bridge arch.
"The boat flipped over and it just pinned my legs in the boat.
"My hips were taking the full force of water, I was pinned under the water so I went for the surface," she said.
"I yelled up 'I'm gonna die' and I called for ropes and people dropped them down. I couldn't move, I was cold and hypothermic. The rescue services were brilliant, I couldn't thank them enough, as well as the people who were shouting and keeping me awake."
It took nearly an hour to rescue Ms Birt from the river.
In the ambulance on the way to hospital, she lapsed in and out of consciousness and, at one stage, her body temperature dropped dramatically low.
She is grateful to everyone who helped save her life and said in the first moments after the kayak tipped, she could have easily died.
"I would've drowned, if I had not got my head above water at that time," she said.
Paul Coyle, northern area commander with the Fire and Rescue Service, was at the scene  said: "The flow of the water was pinning her against the canoe and the bridge.
"She had nowhere to go and she had a suspected broken leg and was in pain."
Fire and rescue workers were joined by Lough Neagh Rescue, the police, the ambulance service and some of her friends who had been out on the river.
"The operation to rescue her took about an hour," Mr Coyle said. "This was a great team effort and it took that to rescue her."
He said that Ms Birt had a good life jacket and dry suit which protected her from hypothermia.
"It was a very challenging incident but it had a great outcome," he said.
Ms Birt was taken to Antrim Area Hospital and has since been discharged.


When Winona Kasto arrived at the Oceti Sakowin camp on the Standing Rock Sioux reservation, the grass was high and the days were long.

It was August and the site had grown a little from its beginnings in the spring, when as few as 15 people danced together each night, sharing stories and song.
Since then it has swollen dramatically. The grass is buried in deep snow and the campers are preparing for winter.
Tribal leaders say there are now more than 10,000 people here and in some ways it feels more like a small town than an encampment.
Not since Ms Kasto's ancestor Crazy Horse led the Lakota to victory at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876 have so many Sioux gathered in one place.
All seven "bands" of the tribe are present, hence the name Oceti Sakowin, which means Seven Fires Council.
Standing Rock: Winter is coming
Many more indigenous people have come from all over the United States and around the world, united in opposition to what they call the black snake: oil.
Ms Kasto's job is to feed them. With a team of 50 people she is serving around 1,000 meals at each sitting.
She worries about pollution of the Missouri river - and is scathing about the pipeline.
"With the white man, it's all about money" she tells me over a cup of tart but delicious citrus tea.
She wants the pipeline to be gone, a demand echoed by Ladonna Brave Bull Allard, who was instrumental in setting up the camp back in April.
"I want them to take every pipe out of the ground, repair the ground, put it back to the way it was and stop this fossil fuel from doing destruction of our land and water," she says.
The pipeline company Energy Transfer Partners insists the project is both safe and legal.
At times the battle to build it has been bloody.
Protestors who have confronted the police have been beaten back with rubber bullets and tear gas. Police deployed a water cannon against them in freezing temperatures.
Organisers say at least 17 people were taken to hospital on one night last month, some with hypothermia, one with a serious arm injury.
In all, more than 525 people have been arrested in the past four months.
The governor of North Dakota, Jack Dalrymple, has defended police tactics but he appears to have softened his tone recently, suggesting that it may be time for dialogue and reconciliation.
"We need to begin now to talk about how we are going to eventually arrive at a peaceful resolution of the situation and restore the relationship between North Dakota and the Standing Rock people."
Standing Rock Sioux tribal leader Dave Archambault accepts that the confrontations are being driven by both law enforcement and some people in the camps.
"It's both," he says, "there's people at the camp who have their own agendas.
"I condemn that kind of behaviour by both law enforcement and water protectors," he adds, using the protestors' preferred term for themselves.
But he worries that any negotiation would be on the terms of the federal government and the company.
"They're going to force us to accept the end result," he says.
Energy Transfer Partners has no intention of re-routing the almost 1200 mile, $3.8bn pipeline. The protestors say they will not stand down until their water is safe and their sacred sites are left alone.
Every day now more and more people seem to be joining the camp. This weekend military veterans are arriving from around the US.
Indigenous peoples have come from as far afield as New Zealand and Australia.
On Thursday, amid much tumult and tears, two traditional canoesw pulled into the camp on the Cannonball river, having paddled for ten days and 200 miles along the Missouri.
The voice of an emotional Patty Sam Porter of the Colville tribe in Washington State rang out as she asked permission to come ashore, declaring "we come all this way down the healing waters to heal my people in Standing Rockâ€¦to break the black snake will not ever come up again!"
Others are arriving by more modern transport.
Deena Metzger, a writer, has flown in from California with her friend Cheryl Potts, who grew up in an indigenous community in Alaska. There are 11 others in their party.
"I think this is the most important event that's happening on the planet," Ms Metzger tells me.
"It's about trying to understand how threatened we are by fossil fuels," she says.
"I'm so moved by these people, their extraordinary wisdom, their great strength and determination and I just want to stand there behind them."
Ms Potts said she had been following the protest for months.
"This is big," she says. "We are so used to taking and taking and taking and taking and [saying] everything's OK but it's not."
"We just have to open up to it and remove ourselves from being able to have to use the black oil, the black snake."


The Port of Grangemouth is celebrating 50 years since the first container vessel called at the terminal.

The Sea-land freight service pulled into the port on 7 May 1966, as it transported goods such as Scotch whisky to the US.
Grangemouth was the first UK port to handle a transatlantic ship carrying only containers as part of the Europe and American shipping route.
Since then, it has become Scotland's largest container port.
Its terminal has handled more than three million containers over the past 50 years.
Today the facility, which is owned by Forth Ports, handles more than Â£6bn worth of goods each year including spirits, food, steel plate, timber, paper and equipment for the oil and gas industry.
According to its owners, as much as 30% of Scotland's gross domestic product (GDP) now goes through the port.
Commenting on the golden anniversary, Forth Ports group chief executive Charles Hammond said: "We are excited about reaching this significant milestone in the history of the port.
"Over the past 50 years the port has changed and adapted to the changing needs of our customers. We are now Scotland's largest container port and it makes a major contribution to the economy of Scotland.
"We look forward to continuing to play our part for Scotland in the next 50 years."


A former Cleveland Police officer has admitted trying to sell equipment including handcuffs and a baton on website Gumtree.

Community support officer Daniel Dawson also offered to sell his stab vest, CS canisters and helmet in August 2014, Teesside Crown Court heard.
The 26-year-old, from Middlesbrough, admitted attempted fraud and theft.
Dawson, who was dismissed from the force in 2015, was given a six-month jail term, suspended for two years.
A search of his house found 40 pieces of kit stashed in his wardrobe, the court was told.
He posted the items on the website, including the handcuffs with a holder and keys for £40, a cap for £30 and badges for £10.
Further posts offered a heavy duty utility belt, an extendable baton and a gas canister holder.
Michele Stuart-Lofthouse, prosecuting, said that despite the items being listed on the website, they had not actually been sold to anyone.
In mitigation, the court was told Dawson had suffered from mental health issues, including anxiety.
Rukhshanda Hussain, defending, said Dawson had no previous convictions, accepted his actions were "foolish and stupid" and that he was remorseful.
Dawson was also ordered to do 180 hours community service and pay £500 costs.
Judge Colin Burn said Dawson actions were "a serious breach of trust".
He added: "There was one item which was offered for sale, the baton, which if sold could have been putting a significant weapon in the hands of a stranger."
Judge Burn said Cleveland Police had to act to ensure equipment was properly accounted for when officers left the force.


Shadow chancellor John McDonnell is to join the Privy Council but is not expected to kneel before the Queen, his spokesman has said.

A spokesman said the MP, a republican, would "adhere to any procedures asked of him" but he had not been informed of any "specific ceremonial requirements".
He follows in the footsteps of party leader and fellow republican Jeremy Corbyn, who was sworn in last year.
Mr Corbyn said at the time he and the Queen "shook hands like adults".
The Privy Council, a historic group of advisers to the monarch, currently has about 600 members, including former prime ministers and cabinet ministers as well as leaders of the opposition among others. Its regular meetings are usually only attended by Cabinet or very senior ministers.
A traditional part of the swearing-in ceremony at Buckingham Palace involves kneeling and kissing the hand of the Queen.
MPs who are privy counsellors are referred to as right honourable members in the House of Commons and can receive top secret security briefings.
Conservative former cabinet minister Lord Tebbit has criticised Mr McDonnell's appointment, given comments he has previously made about the IRA and former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher - for which Mr McDonnell apologised last year.
Confirming the appointment - alongside those of Conservative MPs Sir Oliver Heald QC, a justice minister, and House Office minister Brandon Lewis - a Downing Street spokesman said: "The Queen has been pleased to approve that John McDonnell MP be sworn of Her Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council."


A man who died after he was struck by a car on the A96 road near Huntly in Aberdeenshire has been named.

Piotr Pawel Nowicki, who was 62 and lived in Gartly, died after a collision involving a silver Vauxhall Insignia.
The incident happened at about 17:30 on Thursday. The road was closed for several hours to allow for investigation work.
Sgt David Pirie from Police Scotland said: "Our thoughts are with the family and friends of all those involved."
He added: "Officers are continuing with the investigation into the collision and anyone who witnessed it and who hasn't already spoken to police is asked to contact us on 101."


The Congolese media operate against a backdrop of political power struggles and violent unrest.

Attacks on media outlets and their staff are common, and the authorities frequently silence critical voices.
In the volatile east, the authorities have disrupted media operations, citing security threats, and rebel groups have been known to seize control of outlets.
In its World Press Freedom Index for 2015, Reporters Without Borders ranks the DR Congo at position 150 out of 180 countries.
Nonetheless, the press is able to criticise government bodies, and some publications are mouthpieces for opposition parties.
The DR Congo has nearly 300 radio stations and scores of TV stations. The private sector dominates the broadcast media and top outlets are owned by businessmen with strong political links.
Radio is the top medium; a handful of stations, including state-run RTNC, broadcast nationwide. Terrestrial TV tends to be confined to the main towns.
The UN Mission in DR Congo (Monuc) and a Swiss-based organisation, Fondation Hirondelle, operate Radio Okapi. The influential network employs mostly-Congolese staff.
The BBC broadcasts on FM in Kinshasa (92.7), Lubumbashi (92.0), Kisangani (92.0), Goma (93.3) and Bukavu (102.2). .
Radio France Internationale (RFI) is widely available on FM too. On occasion, the authorities have suspended its relays because of its coverage.
A handful of daily newspapers have low print-runs and rarely circulate outside the capital.
Internet penetration had reached 3.9 per cent (3.1 million users) by April 2016 (InternetLiveStats). Social media use is rising, especially among young people and the political class. Facebook is the main platform.
The government occasionally curbs internet access and SMS during times of heightened tension.


Australia's prime minister has said a former MP's trip to Iraq which saw him caught up in fighting was "stupid".

Wyatt Roy, a former assistant minister and Australia's youngest ever MP, lost his seat in the July election.
He travelled to the front line of the conflict between the Islamic State group and Kurdish forces, in defiance of travel warnings, to "see a mate".
Five IS fighters were reported to have been killed last week in the battle, west of Mosul.
Mr Roy said he was at the frontline "for no more than a minute" when 15 IS fighters fired a series of 50-calibre rounds and RPGs from less than 1km away.
"The danger of a 50-cal bullet, or if they had bigger RPGs, or a mortar round hitting us was pretty serious so we had to stay where we were," he said.
Video footage showed broadcast on SBS showed him crouching down, with audible gunfire in the background.
Mr Roy said once the Kurdish Peshmerga forces had pushed the militants back "they were very adamant that we get in the car and drive as fast as we could in the other direction".
In a statement given to SBS Australia, Peshmerga commander Sime Boseli said he was grateful for Australia's support in the fight against IS.
"Airstrikes have been essential for helping to stop attacks like the one we experienced," he said.
He also said Mr Roy was the first foreign public figure to visit the Sinjar since its liberation from IS and "to spend time with our troops on the frontline".
Australian citizens are banned from travelling to certain areas affected by the IS conflict, but Mr Roy's trip appears to have been outside those areas.
But Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull said Mr Roy had defied the general warnings about travelling to the region.
"I'm disappointed in Wyatt, he shouldn't have gone to Iraq," he told radio station 3AW.
"He was acting in defiance of government advice. It was very stupid."
He said he would be giving some "very sage and stern advice" to Mr Roy upon his return to Australia, and added: "I want to say, very, very seriously: please don't emulate what Wyatt Roy did."
Foreign Minister Julie Bishop described Mr Roy's actions as "irresponsible".
"The government does not endorse or approve of Mr Roy's actions, and strongly urges other Australians to follow the official advice of 'do not travel to Iraq'," she said in a statement.
"He has placed himself at risk of physical harm and capture."
In an editorial for The Australian newspaper, Mr Roy said his visit to Iraq was useful.
"The advantage of doing an unofficial trip is the low profile - instead of getting whisked around on a whistlestop tour, you can really take the time to get out on the ground.
"So given a unique opportunity to access the liberated town of Sinjar, or Shingal as they call it in Kurdish, I took it, keen to see for myself the realities of Daesh's brutality and the challenges for those remarkable people facing them down."


MSPs are to examine the payments received by election returning officers in Scotland.

There have been calls for reform of the system, which often sees highly-paid council chiefs get extra payments of tens of thousands of pounds.
Holyrood's local government committee is to examine how the payments are made and how appropriate they are.
Convener Bob Doris said there was "understandable public concern" about the sums being paid out.
Returning officers have been in high demand in recent years, with Scotland going to the polls for five elections and referendums across three years.
It is estimated that almost Â£500,000 was shared between the 32 returning officers inside a matter of weeks in 2016, due to the Holyrood election and the EU referendum.
Mr Doris said the total sum may stretch to Â£1m over two years when the 2015 general election is taken into account.
The SNP MSP said: "The level of payment varies for different elections and different councils, and we're also aware some returning officers claim their payment, while others share payments with their staff. We want to find out more about how these payments operate, what their uptake is and whether they remain appropriate."
Returning officers are responsible for ensuring the smooth running of elections at a local, national and European level, as well as referendums. The role is often carried out by council chief executives on top of their normal duties.
MSPs will hear from electoral law experts and local government officials, trade unions and academics as well as returning officers across two meetings in November.


David Cameron will address Conservative backbenchers for the first time since winning a majority on Monday, as he continues to appoint his new cabinet.

He retains Iain Duncan Smith as Work and Pensions Secretary, while Baroness Stowell remains leader of the Lords.
The PM revealed he has already spoken to European leaders about renegotiating Britain's relationship with the EU, ahead of his planned in/out referendum.
A senior backbencher said ministers should be free to back a UK exit.
Graham Brady, who chairs the 1922 Committee, said Mr Cameron should allow "freedom of expression" to avoid tension within the party.
In other election news:
The Conservatives won a 12-seat majority in the House of Commons in Thursday's election, taking 331 of the 650 seats. You can see the full results here.
As MPs return to Westminster, Mr Cameron will pledge to ensure the "economic recovery reaches all parts of our country".
Mr Cameron will tell the 1922 Committee his first term was "about repair and recovery", saying it fell to his party to put the economy back on track after "the great Labour recession", and that the next term is about renewal.
"It will be our task to renew a sense of fairness in our society - where those who work hard and do the right thing are able to get on," he will say.
The prime minister will address the committee on plans to renew the UK's relationship with Europe and show "respect" for all parts of the Union.
Mr Cameron told Channel 4 News on Sunday he had already called some European leaders ahead of efforts to renegotiate Britain's terms of membership of the EU.
"The first thing is to get the renegotiation going," he said.
"And we'll be doing that very soon, getting on with that. I've already made some calls to European leaders. The renegotiation first, then the referendum before the end of 2017."
However, any efforts to address concerns over high levels of immigration and the effect on the UK labour market could prove a sticking point. Ministers from Poland, Hungary and Slovakia have told the Financial Times they are not prepared to give up on the principle of freedom of movement for their citizens.
EU rules mean everyone can move to live - and in most cases have the right to work - in any member state. Mr Cameron had told last year's Conservative conference: "I will go to Brussels, I will not take no for an answer and - when it comes to free movement - I will get what Britain needs."
In the first salvo over the EU referendum, which Mr Cameron has pledged to hold by the end of 2017, Mr Brady said not allowing ministers to campaign against continued membership could lead to tensions.
"Where you have people who have very, very strong beliefs about something, it is far better to recognise the strength of those views and to allow latitude and freedom of expression," he told BBC Radio 4's Westminster Hour.
"The more you try to constrain people's views, to limit debate, the more you create tensions which needn't necessarily be there."
He said both the Conservatives and Labour would have members on either side of the debate, adding: "The more you recognise that and accommodate it, the less it appears to be a great rancorous split and the more it is just a civilised intelligent debate among people who all have the best interests of the country at heart."
The debate within the Conservative Party and beyond it about our place in Europe - inside the EU or outside - will be a staple of British politics for the next few years.
The fact that the sentence you have just read is true will warm the hearts of Conservatives: proof they pulled off a victory many thought unlikely, proof their desire to offer us, the electorate, a say on Europe will happen.
But managing that debate, inside and outside the party, and ensuring it doesn't become all-consuming and drown out what else the government is up to, will be David Cameron's big challenge.
Expect his backbenchers to be pretty emollient early on, still on the high that victory has brought.
Graham Brady's tone was exactly that - but his choice of language was also an insight into how that might change.
Ahead of Monday's reshuffle, it has already been announced Michael Gove will be the new justice secretary and Mark Harper the chief whip in Mr Cameron's cabinet.
Nicky Morgan will remain as education secretary and minister for equalities.
The other ministers confirmed as staying in their current posts are Chancellor George Osborne, Home Secretary Theresa May, Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond and Defence Secretary Michael Fallon.
Mr Duncan Smith said it had been a "privilege" to be part of the government.
He added: "I am delighted to have the opportunity to complete the vital welfare reforms that have already helped so many people back into work.
"The completion of Universal Credit will ensure work always pays, and will improve the incomes of those on low salaries."


Mae'r dyn a gafodd ei garcharu am lofruddio pedwar o bobl yng Nghlydach yn 1999 wedi clywed ei bod hi'n annhebygol y bydd ei achos yn cael ei ystyried yn y Llys Apêl.

Mae'r Comisiwn Adolygu Achosion Cyfreithiol wedi rhoi gwybod i David Morris bod penderfyniad i beidio cyfeirio'r achos ar gyfer apêl, er gwaetha' blynyddoedd o ymgyrchu gan ei deulu.
Cafodd y gŵr 54 oed ei garcharu am oes am lofruddio Mandy Power, ei dwy ferch fach - Katie, 10, ac Emily, wyth, - a'i mam 80 oed, Doris Dawson yn eu cartref yn 1999.
Mae Morris yn dal i fynnu ei fod yn ddieuog, ac mae ei gyfreithwyr wedi bod yn casglu tystiolaeth newydd er mwyn apelio.
Cafodd cyrff Mandy Power, Katie, Emily a Doris Dawson eu darganfod wedi tân yn eu cartref ar Kelvin Road yng Nghlydach.
Roedd y pedair wedi cael eu llofruddio gyda pholyn.
Yn 2006 cafwyd David Morris o Graigcefnparc yn euog o'u llofruddio mewn ail achos llys, ar ôl i'r dyfarniad gwreiddiol yn 2002 gael ei ddiddymu.
Dywedodd llefarydd ar ran y Comisiwn Adolygu Achosion Cyfreithiol eu bod nhw'n "dal i ystyried yr achos, ond bod Mr Morris wedi cael rhybudd dros dro na fydd ei achos yn cael ei anfon ymlaen at y panel apêl".
Mae gan ei gyfreithwyr ddau fis i gyflwyno gwybodaeth bellach allai, yn eu týb nhw, ddylanwadu ar y penderfyniad hwn.
Ychwanegodd y llefarydd: "Fodd bynnag, mae ganddo gyfle dros y deufis nesa i gyflwyno dadleuon eraill."


Two people have been charged over the fatal shooting of a man in Sheffield.

Assel Al-Essaie, 23, died in hospital after being shot in the chest in Daniel Hill, in the Upperthorpe area of the city, on 18 February.
Patricia Sharpe, 57, of Bramwell Street, Sheffield, and James Good, 29, of Ringstead Crescent, Sheffield, were both charged with perverting the course of justice, police said.
They have been remanded in custody and will appear in court at a later date.
More news from across Yorkshire
Mr Al-Essaie was shot at about 13:35 GMT on Saturday 18 February.
A post-mortem examination showed he died from a gunshot wound.
South Yorkshire Police continues to appeal for anyone with information about his death to come forward.


World leaders have welcomed the narrow election victory of Greece's broadly pro-bailout New Democracy party and urged Athens to form a cabinet quickly.

The
          eurozone group
 said reforms were Greece's "best guarantee" to overcome tough economic and social challenges.
European markets were mixed in morning trading, after Asia had recorded earlier gains.
The Syriza party, which rejected the bailout terms and came a close second, said it would lead the opposition.
With 99.9% of ballots counted, interior ministry results put New Democracy on 29.7% of the vote (129 seats), Syriza on 26.9% (71) and the socialist Pasok on 12.3% (33).
There are 300 seats in parliament and Greece has a rule that gives the leading party 50 extra seats.
Greek voters had gone to the polls on Sunday following inconclusive elections in May.
New Democracy leader Antonis Samaras said Greeks had chosen to stay in the euro and called for a "national salvation government".
By Gavin HewittEurope editor
If Antonis Samaras is confirmed in power he will have a stronger opposition breathing down his neck. He will say to Europe that he has anchored Greece in the eurozone and wants something in return. That will be difficult.
Already German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle has come out and said that the substance of the Greek reform bailout programme is non-negotiable. Where there might be some flexibility is over the timing of the implementation of reforms. There may also be some movement over interest rates on the loans and the EU might offer Greece some funds to boost growth.
But the message is clear; the austerity programme with its budget and spending cuts will stay.  The German finance minister underlined that message when he said: "Greece's path will be neither short nor easy".
He is now meeting President Carolos Papoulias, who is expected to give him the mandate to try to form a government.
Syriza's leader Alexis Tsipras said his party would not take part in the government, and would instead become a powerful anti-austerity voice in the opposition.
The BBC's Mark Lowen, in Athens, says Mr Samaras is expected to try for a broad coalition, hoping to create a stable government with a stronger popular mandate.
He says Mr Samaras will push for a lightening of the bailout terms from Brussels, arguing that Greeks have accepted more pain by electing a pro-bailout party and that Europe should now cut Greece some slack.
However, correspondents also point out that only 40% of voters backed parties that broadly support the bail-out deal with the EU and the IMF.
Tough austerity measures were attached to the two international bailouts awarded to Greece, an initial package worth 110bn euros (Â£89bn; $138bn) in 2010, then a follow-up last year worth 130bn euros.
Sunday's vote was watched around the world, amid fears that a Greek exit from the euro could spread contagion to other eurozone members and deepen the turmoil in the global economy.
European stock markets were mixed in morning trading. Asian shares had earlier advanced. Japan's Nikkei 225 index and South Korea's Kospi both closed up 1.8%.
BBC business editor Robert Peston says the election results have been seen by investors as avoiding the worst short-term outcome, which would have been political paralysis followed by a messy exit from the euro.
In a statement on behalf of the 17 eurozone finance ministers, Luxembourg Prime Minister Jean-Paul Juncker said that "continued fiscal and structural reforms are Greece's best guarantee to overcome the current economic and social challenges and for a more prosperous future of Greece in the euro area".
Election as it happenedProfile: Antonis Samaras In pictures: Greek elections
In
          a joint statement
 European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso and European Council President Herman Van Rompuy also hailed the result, and expressed hope that a government would be formed quickly.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel telephoned Mr Samaras to congratulate him on his victory.
A German government statement said she had "stated that she would work on the basis that Greece will meet its European commitments".
The US stressed that it was in everyone's interests "for Greece to remain in the euro area".
Mr Samaras said that the Greek people had voted to stay in the eurozone.
"There is no time to waste," he said. "A national salvation government must bring economic growth and reassure Greeks the worst is over."
He added: "There will be no more adventures. Greece's place in Europe will not be put in doubt," promising that Athens would "honour its obligations".
Our correspondent, Mark Lowen, says this suggests that Mr Samaras wants to press ahead with spending cuts demanded by the country's international creditors.
European leaders have warned that if the new Greek government rejects the bailout, the country could be forced to abandon the single currency.
New Democracy should be able to build a majority coalition with the socialist Pasok.
However, coalition talks may not be easy.
In addition to Syriza's showing, four other parties which oppose or want a radical overhaul of the bailout look set to take between 60 and 70 seats. They include the far-right Golden Dawn, which has about 7% of the vote.
The leader of Pasok, Evangelos Venizelos, proposed a broad four-party coalition including New Democracy, Pasok, the Democratic Left and Syriza.
"No decision can be taken without this national unity," he said.


Police investigating the death of a woman in Perth have made an arrest.

The body of 36-year-old Louise O'Brien was discovered at a home in Dunkeld Road on Thursday evening.
A 41-year-old man has been arrested and is expected to appear at Perth Sheriff Court on Tuesday.
A police statement said: "Police Scotland can confirm that a 41-year-old man has been arrested and charged in connection with the investigation into the death of Louise O'Brien."