After a lengthy inquiry into a wave of suicides at France Telecom, the Paris prosecutor has recommended that its former chief executive and other key figures are put on trial for bullying.

At least 19 people are known to taken their lives in 2008 and 2009 as the company cut thousands of jobs.
Judicial sources say the company and ex-boss Didier Lombard are suspected of using a policy of unsettling staff to speed up job losses.
France Telecom became Orange in 2013.
It will now be up to an examining judge to decide whether or not to order a trial. But if it goes ahead it would be the first trial in France for bullying (moral harassment) of such a large company.
As well as the former CEO, other figures could also face trial including his right-hand man Louis-Pierre Wenes, human resources head Olivier Barberot and four other directors.
In 2006, Mr Lombard announced plans to cut 22,000 jobs and move another 14,000 workers, as France Telecom pushed for greater efficiency in the wake of privatisation two years earlier.
According to an internal document cited by French media, he told a high-level meeting that he would "do it one way or another, through the window or through the door".
In submissions made late last month, the Paris prosecutor accuses France Telecom of enacting a policy in 2007 that resulted in unsettling workers and creating a "professional climate that provoked anxiety" at the time of a "delicate restructuring" of the company, a judicial source told AFP news agency.
The true number of suicides involving staff is unclear, but 60 people are thought to have taken their lives over a three-year period, and unions say as many as 35 died in 2008 and 2009.
Officials speak of 19 deaths during the two years, 12 attempted suicides and eight other cases involving depression or related illnesses.
Although the suicide rate at France Telecom was similar to the national average, many of those who died left notes blaming pressure from management.
Mr Lombard accepted the restructuring upset employees but he has rejected the idea that it led to people taking their own lives.
France Telecom, and later Orange, has been beset by tragedy since 2007:
The spate of work-related deaths was not confined to France Telecom. In 2007, car-maker Renault was investigated after three workers took their own lives.
Under French law, anyone who harasses another with repeated actions with the aim or the effect of degrading working conditions is liable to a year in jail and a fine of €15,000 ($16,500; £12,800).


A 14-year-old boy and two men have been charged with the murder of a man who was stabbed to death.

Haile Langa, 21, from Kilburn, north-west London, died from a stab wound to the chest, Scotland Yard said.
He was pronounced dead at 15:06 GMT on Thursday after officers had been called to Watling Gardens, in Shoot-Up Hill, Kilburn.
All three accused will appear at Hendon Magistrates' Court on Monday, police said.
The boy, who cannot be named due to his age, will appear alongside Ahmed El-Sayed, 20, from Kilburn, and Imaan Farjani, 18, from Willesden, the Met added.


Clashes between Tyrone and Armagh GAA (Gaelic Athletic Association) fans on the Dublin-to-Belfast Enterprise train are being investigated by Translink.

It happened on the 20:50 train on Saturday, after Tyrone beat Armagh in the All-Ireland SFC quarter-finals at Croke Park in Dublin.
Gardaí (Irish police) were called and boarded the train at Drogheda at about 22:20 local time. No arrests were made.
Translink said some passengers were involved in "an affray on board".
There have also been some complaints about overcrowding on the train, but Translink rejected complaints that any of its services were dangerously overcrowded.
While the trains were "very busy", they operated within safety limits, said Translink.
Irish Rail staff contacted gardaí at Drogheda Garda Station to inform them of the disturbance on the Belfast-bound train.
Gardaí said they boarded the train, spoke to a number of passengers and calmed the situation down.
"No complaints were made and no arrests took place," added the Garda spokesperson.
"The train departed a short time later without further incident."
Translink said the police were called after a train manager raised concerns.
"A number of passengers were removed (at Drogheda) and the gardaí continued to travel on the train to Dundalk," said a Translink spokesperson.
As a result, the train arrived in Belfast at 00:40 on Sunday - 98 minutes late.
"We would like to apologise to passengers for this delay," said Translink.
Three other extra trains travelled from Dublin to Belfast on Saturday without incident, according to the company.
"Passengers who had reserved a seat on the 8.50pm Enterprise train, but travelled on one of the alternative trains, will be entitled to compensation," it added.
"Translink has a policy that only alcohol purchased on board the Enterprise train can be consumed on the train and we are currently reviewing the implementation of this policy on busy days like this."
In a statement, the Ulster GAA highlighted that the onboard fracas had resulted in no arrests.
"There were 80,000 people at Croke Park on Saturday who travelled, sat together at the game, and enjoyed each other's company," said a GAA spokesperson.
"For some individuals to misbehave, it is difficult to legislate for that."


A man has been killed in a shooting at a weigh-in for a World Boxing Organization (WBO) title fight in the Republic of Ireland.

Two other men were injured in the incident at Dublin's Regency Hotel at about 14:30 local time on Friday.
It is understood the gunmen were dressed as police officers and armed with AK47 assault rifles.
Police investigating the suspected gangland crime have sealed off the hotel for a forensic examination.
On Friday evening, Irish police held a press conference in Dublin.
Ch Supt Barry O'Brien said three men were shot in the attack and all were taken to hospital where one of them, a man in his 30s, subsequently died.
"GardaÃ (Irish police) believe that at least four people were involved in the incident," he said.
"Two were described at wearing police style uniforms similar to a SWAT team uniform, including metal helmets.
"The men were armed with automatic weapons. Two others were carrying hand guns.
"One was a man disguised as a woman and wearing an auburn wig and the other was stocky and wearing a beige cap."
Police said a full investigation was under way and appealed for anyone who was at the hotel to contact police.
The event was ahead of Saturday night's European lightweight bout between Jamie Kavanagh and Antonio Joao Bento.
Kavanagh tweeted to say he was "OK", adding: "I was lucky today is all I can say."
BBC Radio Foyle's sports reporter Kevin McAnena, who was at the weigh-in, said he "never felt terror like it" when one of the attackers pointed a gun at him.
He said he saw one of the gunmen shoot a man in the leg "about six feet away" from him.
"I heard two loud gunshots from outside coming into the hotel," he said.
"At which point, two men, who I thought were [police] officers - turns out they were just dressed up in [police] uniform - came in with guns."
He said he believed "the man I saw shot is the man that is now dead".
"That same gunman then looked over at me and pointed the gun at me," he said.
"[Police] have told me since that [the guns] were AK47 rifles.
"It's so surreal, it just happened so quickly, right in front of me.
"A man was shot dead six feet away from me - it's hard to gather your thoughts right now."
The injured men, in their 20s or 30s, have "possible gunshot wounds", police said, and have been taken to hospitals in Dublin.
Mel Cristle, the president of the Boxing Union of Ireland, said the shooting was not indiscriminate and individuals other than the boxers were being targeted.
Speaking to Irish state broadcaster RTÃ‰, he said people were diving for cover and "they couldn't believe what was going on".
He said there were between 200 and 300 people, including children, at the weigh-in.
The pay-per-view channel Box Nation was due to broadcast Saturday's fight as part of the Clash of the Clans show at Dublin's National Stadium.
But it has said the event has now been cancelled.


The Metropolitan Police Commissioner interrupted a BBC radio interview to jump into a taxi and make an arrest.

Sir Bernard Hogan-Howe was near Bruce Grove station in Tottenham, north London, when a cab driver said his passengers had refused to pay the fare and stolen money from his dashboard.
Sir Bernard jumped into the minicab in pursuit and arrested a suspect some distance away.
The Met Police said a 19-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of theft.
Sir Bernard was taking part in a pre-recorded interview with BBC London 94.9 Drivetime presenter Eddie Nestor on the issue of cuts at about 11:30 BST when the minicab driver approached him.
The Met Police said "four males were seen to jump out of the vehicle and run off" and the Commissioner and an officer got into the minicab in pursuit.
A 17-year-old youth was arrested inside Bruce Grove station on suspicion of theft, handling and making off without payment.
The officers then left the taxi and got into a police car that arrived there, before embarking on their search for the three other suspects.
One of them, aged 19, was seen in nearby Napier Road and subsequently arrested on suspicion of theft and making off without payment. Both arrested men are in police custody.
Speaking to BBC London 94.9, the driver, who gave his name as Mohammed, said he had picked up some people from a hotel in Chingford and was asked to drive them to a location but one of the passengers asked to be taken to Stamford Hill instead.
He claimed the passenger then took Â£20 from his dashboard and ran away.
"When I see the police, I ask the police 'Please can you stop the guys?" he said.
Asked whether he knew the officer who jumped into his cab was the head of the Met Police, the driver said "no", but added: "He's very good man, very kind man, he help us as well... he come sit in the car and searched the area as well."
After the pursuit and arrest in Tottenham earlier, the commissioner said: "The important thing for today, at least for me, is that I have made an arrest at every rank as a police officer, so as chief constable at Merseyside, but never as commissioner, and I have been here three years.
"That's very slack, it's a disgrace, but today we have put it right."
In 2006, when Sir Bernard was the chief constable of Merseyside, he sprinted after a suspected drink-driver in the Edge Lane area of Liverpool after spotting him from his chauffeur-driven car.
The officer ran after the man and arrested him.
The Met Police said a 47-year-old man who attended a north London police station to "act as an appropriate adult" for the 17-year-old who was arrested on suspicion of theft from a motor vehicle earlier in the day, was himself arrested.
Police found the adult was wanted on suspicion of theft over a separate offence.


Businesses in the Borders are being urged to tap into the economic benefits of the Tour of Britain.

The opening stage of the race this year runs from Edinburgh to Kelso.
Riders will pass through the Borders town twice on 3 September as well as a number of other places in the region.
Residents and businesses are being invited to attend a session in the town's Cross Keys Hotel on 18 July to hear what impact the race will have and how they can benefit.
Councillor Mark Rowley said: "It is fantastic that Kelso is once again hosting a stage finish of the Tour of Britain and it will be great for the town, and especially local businesses, as we expect thousands of people from across the Borders and beyond to visit to see the race."
He said that it was a chance for the town to show "all that it has to offer".
"Of course an event of this nature does require some restrictions in terms of roads and parking," he added.
"I would encourage residents and businesses in the town centre to take the opportunity to find out more about the potential impacts and marketing opportunities at the drop-in event."
Stage one will leave Edinburgh and head into East Lothian, before climbing into the Lammermuir Hills and the Scottish Borders.
The riders will pass through Duns before a point-scoring sprint in Coldstream and the first pass through the finish line in The Square in Kelso.
The race then heads out to Stichill, Gordon and then Smailholm, before a King of the Mountains climb from Clintmains to the top of Scott's View.
Another King of the Mountains climb features as the race heads out of Melrose before the riders head back to Kelso for the final sprint to the finish line.
Three hours of live television coverage of the stage will feature on ITV4.
It promises to be a busy day of cycling in the region as the annual Tour O' The Borders sportive also takes place on the same day, starting in Peebles.


England's Ronnie O'Sullivan raced to a 6-0 victory over Neil Robertson in Bucharest to set up a European Masters final meeting with Judd Trump.

The five-time world champion restricted the Australian to 80 points in the entire match with a superb performance that featured a top break of 118.
O'Sullivan will face world number three Trump in Sunday's final.
England's Trump, who lost to O'Sullivan in the 2014 UK Championship final, beat world champion Mark Selby 6-2.


A father-of-three from Denbighshire died from chainsaw wounds to the neck, an inquest has heard.

Aled Lloyd Jones, 48, was building a fence for a friend at a smallholding in Llandyrnog on 14 January 2015 when he was found dead in a field.
He was lying alongside his running tractor, with the chainsaw nearby.
The jury returned a conclusion of accidental death and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) said it was still considering taking action.
Consultant pathologist Dr Mark Atkinson said the cause of death was a chainsaw injury to the neck, where major arteries had been cut.
Mr Jones was from Tanrallt, near Denbigh.
His wife Nerys Mosford-Jones told the jury he "was very safety conscious" and "took pride in his work".
On the afternoon of his death she became worried when he did not return her call.
"I just knew something awful had happened," she said.
Damian Corbett, a HSE investigator, said he could only speculate as to what had happened.
The possibilities included Mr Jones had slipped while standing on a small platform on the front of the tractor where rolls of wire fencing were carried or that a branch may have knocked him off.
John Gittins, the coroner for North Wales East and Central, said there was still a possibility that fencing contractor Robert Francis would face HSE prosecution.
Asked if he had been surprised to hear of Mr Jones' death, Mr Francis said: "Yes, totally."
He declined to answer several other questions on the advice of his barrister.
Expressing his condolences, Mr Gittins said Mr Jones "was clearly a well-known and popular figure".


Developers are to press ahead with plans for a new £10m retail park in Fort William after getting the green light from planning authorities to include food outlets.

Morbaine has already signed up Aldi and Home Bargains as tenants for the North Road development.
It said it was also in talks with other retailers, including Marks and Spencer, to fill the other two available units.
Highland Council officials had recommended against a mixed-use park.
Cheshire-based Morbaine previously secured outline planning consent for some 55,000 sq ft of non-food retail use before seeking to expand the type of retailing allowed at the site.
The new proposals include plans to build a roundabout next to the site, along the A82.
Morbaine has said the development could lead to 150 new retail jobs after construction.
Morbaine director Alex Brodie said: "I would like to thank the local community in Fort William and the surrounding area who have been nothing but supportive and constructive over the years and we look forward to providing them with the additional retail options that they have been asking for."
He added: "We will keep the community updated on our progress and let them know more about when the retail park might be open and how local businesses can participate in the construction process."


As the war of words between the United States and North Korea intensifies, test your knowledge on who said what: was it Donald Trump or Kim Jong-un?

Picture credits: AFP; Getty Images; Reuters


Oldham have denied receiving an approach for boss John Sheridan after reports that the 51-year-old will take over at League Two side Notts County.

BBC Radio Nottingham had reported that Sheridan is set to replace Mark Cooper, who left the club on 9 May.
Sheridan was linked with Notts County in January before the League Two side appointed Jamie Fullarton.
The Oldham boss previously worked with Magpies chief executive Jason Turner at Newport County.
Fullarton was sacked after only 70 days as manager at Meadow Lane and Cooper took charge for the remainder of the season, but left to take over at Forest Green Rovers.
Former Leeds United and Sheffield Wednesday player Sheridan began his managerial career at Oldham before moving on to Chesterfield, Plymouth and Newport.
He was in charge of the Welsh club from October last year to January, winning five of his 17 games, before returning to Oldham - where he has a year left on his contract.
Notts County have been up for sale since March when owner Ray Trew announced he was stepping down as chairman.


A Shropshire charity has designated October 'Black Cat Awareness Month' in a bid to rehome unwanted felines.

Staff at RSPCA Gonsal Farm animal centre, in Dorrington, said they wondered if superstition caused people to be "spooked out" by black cats.
The animal centre is currently "inundated" with black cats and kittens, having 37 out of 62 cats.
In an attempt to entice the public they are highlighting the black cats in their care in need of homes.
A spokeswoman for the charity said the idea was also in keeping with the celebrations and superstitions of Halloween.
She said staff were determined to quash some of the negative myths surrounding black cats and promote them as potential pets.
Two of the cats in need of a home are Potter and Sally who have been in RSPCA care since November 2010.
Kirsty Martuccio, cattery supervisor at Gonsal Farm, said: "Potter and Sally are just two of the many black cats we currently have looking for a second chance in life.
"We find it really sad that people often choose to rehome a cat simply on its colour as the colour of a cat makes no difference to their personality and the love they have to offer."
She urged people living locally to visit the cattery and see some of the cats in their care.


More than 900 jobs are under threat at two seafood factories in Fraserburgh and Grantown on Spey.

Young's Seafood said it was looking to restructure after the loss of a major contract to supply salmon to supermarket chain Sainsbury's.
It is entering into a formal consultation with staff that would see the two bases close. The vast majority of the jobs are in Fraserburgh.
It would consolidate processing at other plants.
Young's is one of the biggest employers in Fraserburgh.
Chief executive Pete Ward said: "Today's announcement does not reflect on the skilled teams at Young's Fraserburgh and Spey Valley, who are committed, dedicated and continue to work hard through this time.
"This process will not be easy, but we have to face some tough decisions and we believe the proposals, outlined today, could deliver a significantly more sustainable manufacturing footprint than other potential consolidation options.
"As we move forward, we continue to be focused on providing our customers and consumers with high quality, good value, fish and seafood and we will talk, in detail, with employees about options for the future."
Young's said the proposal could also result in the transfer or creation of about 200 jobs across other sites in Grimsby, Livingston and Annan.
Fraserburgh's MSP Stewart Stevenson said the news "could not be more devastating".
He told BBC Scotland: "It's always been a factory where there's been considerable interest from elsewhere. We will want to explore every option for alternative uses."
Aberdeenshire Council's head of economic development, Belinda Miller, said: "This is obviously a significant blow to the area's economy and the ongoing regeneration of Fraserburgh.
"It is disappointing that one contract relating to salmon can have such an impact on the UK's largest white fish processing region and a significant section of its skilled workforce.
"Although the decision by Young's is hugely disappointing and unfortunate, we will continue to work with the firm where possible to investigate the options available."


Former Wales captain Kevin Ratcliffe has warned Swansea City they are "in a relegation fight already" with manager Francesco Guidolin "up against it".

The Swans are 15th in the Premier League after losing 1-0 against Southampton on Sunday.
Their only league win came away at Burnley on the opening day of the season.
"It doesn't look good because things are not right there," Ratcliffe told BBC Radio Wales.
"Guidolin is up against it now. They're in a relegation fight already this season, I'm afraid," he added.
For the second successive game, Guidolin faced questions over a player's reaction to being substituted.
The Italian apologised to defender Neil Taylor, who was taken off in their 2-2 draw with Chelsea a week earlier, but the Wales international did not feature against the Saints.
Following defeat at St Mary's, Guidolin said Ki Sung-yueng's "attitude" was "not good" as he was replaced by winger Jefferson Montero.
The South Korea captain looked unhappy and did not shake Guidolin's hand as he left the pitch.
Former Everton defender Ratcliffe said: "When the substitutions are being made, you can see the discontent the players have got with the manager at times.
"They're questioning his decision without asking him anything or saying anything to him - you can see it in their eyes in the way that they come off.
"Neil Taylor last week and this week once again. It's a bad loss and it's 1-0. It's flattering, it could have been more."
Ratcliffe also suggested Guidolin was slow to adjust the team's tactical approach at St Mary's.
"The manager's done nothing about it and when he does do something about it, it's too late - they've scored a goal," Radcliffe added.
"And then the other decisions - actually to bring off your captain Jack Cork, who, unless he's got an injury we're not aware of,  I have to question that decision."
Swansea's record signing, striker Borja Baston, came on for Cork in the 82nd minute while Angel Rangel took over from Stephen Kingsley at the break.
Ratcliffe added: "I don't know if Kinsgley's picked up an injury or that was tactical as well.
"But if they are tactical decisions, they're wrong. They're absolutely wrong.
"And you've got to question the manager. The manager for me does not inspire me, I must admit.
"When I hear him speak, is he the type of man I can play for? Maybe not.
"I just don't think they've got the zip or buzz about them that they've had in the past."
Ratcliffe also questioned Leroy Fer's regular appearances for the Swans since arriving in the summer.
"I'm not a big fan of Leroy Fer. I was never a big fan of his when he was at QPR," added Radcliffe.
"I was never a big fan of him at Norwich - he couldn't get into those sides. But all of a sudden he can get in this side. I'm not quite sure. It's a strange decision."
Swansea host current league leaders Manchester City twice this week, in the EFL Cup third round on Wednesday and again the Premier League on Saturday.
After that, Liverpool travel to Liberty Stadium before the Swans then travel to Arsenal in the league.
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A new foot passenger service between the Isle of Wight and the mainland is to start from August.

Scoot Ferries is launching a service between Yarmouth on the island and Lymington in the New Forest.
There will also be a shuttle between Town Quay, Cowes and East Cowes, giving passengers an option to use the chain ferry service.
CEO ZoÃ« Ombler said: "The primary goal is to enhance the ease of islanders getting on and off the island".
It is hoped services between Cowes and Hamble and Cowes and Portsmouth will start in 2016.
A free chain ferry has been running between Cowes and East Cowes since 1859.
Protests about the introduction of a charge were staged at the end of last year, but passengers will have to pay up to 70p for a return journey from 20 July.


Aberdeen manager Derek McInnes praised his players' mental toughness as they bounced back to draw with Maribor.

Milivoje Novakovic scored against the run of play to give the visitors the lead with seven minutes left of the Europa League qualifying tie first leg.
However, the Dons have made a habit of scoring late goals in the competition and Jonny Hayes levelled the aggregate score with two minutes remaining.
"I was delighted with everybody but especially the response," said McInnes.
"The tie went the way we wanted apart from losing that goal near the end as we were asking questions of a team that defend very deep, just as we planned.
"We got in the box, made chance after chance and caused them all sorts of problems.
"It could have been a case of 'oh it's just not our night' or been gallant losers again but the goal we got can be so important for us.
"The intent was there from the outset while being respectful of what the opposition can do to you because they are a skilful side.
"But it says a lot about the team the number of late goals we have had this season. That pleases me no end.
"I think that is a mental attitude where they never know they are beat and never know that time is running out. We play on all the way and that got us the very least we deserved out of the game on the night."
Aberdeen go into the return tie at the 13,000-capacity Ljudski Vrt Stadium next Thursday knowing they need to score at least once to stand a chance of reaching the play-off round - as a 0-0 draw would take their opponents through on the away goals rule.
"I would anticipate they won't have to be too expansive over there having got the away goal so we need to make sure we stay in the game," added McInnes.
"But if we created even a quarter of the chances we did tonight over in Slovenia, then I will be pleased.
"I know on another night we would take more of those sort of chances so it is important that we believe the tie is still there for us.
"I still believe we can get through this tie."


The families of nine of the 26 people killed in a 2012 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School have filed a lawsuit against a rifle manufacturer.

The negligence and wrongful death suit was filed in Connecticut against Bushmaster Firearms International.
The families allege the Bushmaster AR-15 rifle used by Adam Lanza, 20, in the incident should not have been made publicly available because it was designed for military use.
Twenty children died in the attack.
"There is one tragically predictable civilian activity in which the AR-15 reigns supreme: mass shootings," the court documents state.
"Time and again, mentally unstable individuals and criminals have acquired the AR-15 with ease, and they have unleashed the rifle's lethal power into our streets."
On 14 December 2012, Lanza killed his mother, Nancy Lanza, before driving to the school and killing 20 children and six adults. He later took his own life when authorities arrived on the scene.
Other defendants in the lawsuit include firearm distributor Camfour and gun store Riverview Gun Sales where Nancy Lanza purchased the AR-15 rifle.
The plaintiffs in the lawsuit include Bill Sherlach, whose wife was killed in the shooting, as well as the families of victims Vicki Soto, Dylan Hockley, Noah Pozner, Lauren Rousseau, Benjamin Wheeler, Jesse Lewis, Daniel Barden, Rachel D'Avino and Natalie Hammond, who was injured in the attack.
"These companies assume no responsibility for marketing and selling a product to the general population who are not trained to use it nor even understand the power of it," Mr Sherlach told US media.
Defendants in the lawsuit have yet to comment publicly on the matter.


South Korean tech giant Samsung Electronics expects its third-quarter operating profit to beat market forecasts on the back of strong semiconductor sales.

It forecasts that operating profit jumped nearly 80% from a year ago to 7.3 trillion won ($6.29bn; Â£4.13bn).
The guidance figures for the three months to September exceeded analysts' expectations of about 6.8tn won.
The amount would mark the firm's first quarterly profit growth in two years.
The world's biggest smartphone maker has been facing stiff competition for its premium smartphones from rival Apple, while cheaper Chinese competitors such as Xiaomi continue to eat into its market share on the bottom end.
Analysts said stronger sales in its chip business and favourable currency exchange rates had offset the weakness in its mobile business.
Samsung is also the world's biggest maker of memory chips and its semiconductor unit is expected to be its top earner for the fifth consecutive quarter.
A weaker won has made the firm's products cheaper to buy overseas and helps boost its bottom line when it repatriates its earnings.
Samsung expects its sales to have risen by 7.5% to 51tn won in the same time period.
Seoul-listed shares of Samsung jumped nearly 9% after the positive earnings guidance.
The guidance release does not include a breakdown of results in its various divisions or a net income figure. Its final audited results are due out later this month.


John Constable's 1831 masterpiece Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows has been bought by the Tate for £23.1m.

The painting, which had been on loan at The National Gallery for 30 years, was at risk of being sold abroad.
"It's one of the quintessential images of 19th century British art and it's worth every penny," Tate Britain's Director Nicholas Serota told the BBC.
The work will be shown at Tate Britain until the end of the year before travelling around the UK.
"This is the one of Constable's most important paintings," Sir Nicholas told the BBC's Will Gompertz. "He regarded it as one of his masterpieces and always wanted it to be in the national collection."
Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows was acquired for £23.1m, but could have sold for as much as £40m at auction.
By Will GompertzArts editor
£23.1m might be a record for a Constable but it's worth every penny: a bargain compared to what's being paid for some second rate modern art.
It is arguably the most accomplished work by one of the finest, most exciting painters of the Romantic period.
Painted shortly after his wife's death, the "iconic" image was secured through major grants from the Heritage Lottery Fund, the Art Fund, The Manton Foundation and Tate Members.
Sold by the children of the late Lord Ashton of Hyde, the work was at risk of going abroad had the Tate not been able to put the money together.
"I know there was a major American museum that asked for first refusal," said Sir Nicholas.
The acquisition was part of a partnership between five national and regional galleries:  Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales; the National Galleries of Scotland; Colchester and Ipswich Museums; Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum; and Tate Britain.
The partnership will enable the work to go on "almost constant" view across the UK.
Jenny Abramsky, from the Heritage Lottery Fund, said they were "proud" to be a major funder of the masterpiece with a £15m investment.
"It is unimaginable that this particular painting might have ended up anywhere other than in a UK public collection," she said.
Constable's The Lock became one of the most expensive British paintings ever sold when it fetched £22.4m at auction in July 2012.
Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows is one of a series of monumental six-foot canvases painted by the artist, a scale he reserved for his finest compositions.


Ruan Pienaar admits his first sight of Ravenhill left him wondering what he had let himself in for but more than three years on, the South African says he couldn't be happier at Ulster.

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"I drove up to Ravenhill the first day I got here and my wife was saying:'Is this it? Is this where you are playing?'" laughs Pienaar, 29.
But some 40 months later, the new modern Ravenhill is nearing completion.
"To see the way the stadium has developed, has been phenomenal."
It may not be the official tape-cutting, but the south Belfast stadium will be at its new extended 18,000 capacity for the Heineken Cup quarter-final against Saracens on 5 April.
The quietly-spoken Pienaar is not making any bold predictions ahead of the mouth-watering European clash but you sense, that it was the prospect of those kind of occasions that helped convince the Springboks star to turn a reportedly lucrative offer from moneybags Heineken Cup holders Toulon in October.
"To have a packed house will be fantastic. The facilities are amazing and it has been a massive, massive step up from when I got here and really enjoyable to be a part of.
"To not be part of that for the next couple of years, with the new Ravenhill, and with the way the team is going at the minute, would have been sad for me."
Perhaps even more influential to his decision to stay put was the fact that his wife Monique is happily settled in Belfast with the couple's daughter 22-month daughter Lemay also having been born in the city.
"We have had a phenomenal time over here and met some unbelievable people.
"I've enjoyed my rugby over here and had some fantastic support from the public and so as a family, we had been really happy over here and my daughter was born here."
Ulster's impressive Heineken Cup win in Leicester last month confirmed Mark Anscombe's side as leading qualifiers for the last eight and led to a mild outbreak of euphoria among supporters and media alike.
However, Pienaar is warning that the real hard work in the Heineken Cup remains ahead for Ulster.
"We'll have to be at our best and to improve loads to progress to a semi-final and a final but we've got the belief and we've got the squad.
"But the only way we will measure success will be if we have got something to show for ourselves at the end of the season. The pool stages are over now."


One of the subtle beauties of Test cricket is the way a five-day match can hinge on a split-second.

England's 3-0 Ashes victory over Australia featured several instances where dropped catches, umpiring errors or twists of fate altered the course of the match and, ultimately, the destination of the urn.
Here, we relive 10 pivotal moments from the 2013 Ashes summer, with reactions from the BBC Test Match Special team at the time.
Use the comments section at the bottom of the story to add suggestions of your own.
What happened: Australia batsman David Warner arrived in England with a reputation for explosive batting, but it was his explosive temper that thrust him into the headlines even before the series had started.
Media playback is not supported on this device
After failing with the bat in a morale-sapping Champions Trophy defeat by England in June, Warner infamously let out his frustrations by punching England batsman Joe Root in a Birmingham bar.
What they said:"David Warner is a loose cannon for Australia, but he is still a potential match-winner. Warner's pride will be hurting after this latest off-field incident - and so it should be. I hope he thinks he let his team-mates down." - Test Match Special commentator Jim Maxwell.
Why it mattered: The off-field incident betrayed the unrest in the Australian camp that subsequently cost coach Mickey Arthur his job. Warner was fined, banned and sent to play for their second string in Zimbabwe and South Africa, weakening Australia's batting line-up for the first two Tests.
What happened: The opening Ashes Test at Trent Bridge was hanging in the balance when, late on day three, an edge from England all-rounder Stuart Broad brushed Australia wicketkeeper Brad Haddin's gloves and was caught by Michael Clarke at slip. When umpire Aleem Dar astonished almost everyone watching by declining to give the batsman out, Broad remained poker-faced and stood his ground.
What they said: "These sorts of things can scar a player for years to come and change their reputations within the game. Broad's body language afterwards told you all you needed to know - head bowed, shoulders slumped. He knew he had done the wrong thing." - BBC cricket correspondent Jonathan Agnew.
"The rules say that it's 'in the opinion of the umpire' so it's above things like 'The Spirit of the Game'. I don't see bowlers asking you back when the ball is sliding down leg." - Former England batsman & Test Match Special summariser Geoffrey Boycott
Why it mattered: If Broad had been dismissed, England would have been seven wickets down in their second innings, with a lead of just 232. Following the reprieve, Broad took his score from 37 to 65 to help England extend their advantage by a further 78 runs. Australia, despite a heroic last-wicket partnership, lost by 14 runs.
Listen to the incident as it happened on BBC Test Match Special
What happened: Amid unbearable tension on the final day at Trent Bridge, Australia's final pair of Brad Haddin and James Pattinson took the tourists to the brink of victory with a partnership of 65. But when Haddin was caught behind off Anderson for 71 via a slight inside edge - confirmed by the faintest of Hot Spot marks on his bat - England could celebrate one of the closest wins in Ashes history.
What they said: "Jimmy looks emotionally drained. He has a 10-for in the match and is the go-to man for Alastair Cook. It was the thinnest of edges, what a climax to the Test." - Former England spinner Phil Tufnell.
Why it mattered: England's relief was palpable after clinging on by such a narrow margin to go 1-0 up in the series. Meanwhile, a deflated Australia failed to rouse themselves for the second Test at Lord's and were hammered.
Commentary from Test Match Special
What happened: Australia were going along well at 50-1 in reply to England's 361 when Chris Rogers took a swipe at a Graeme Swann full toss, missed, and was given out lbw. Conscious that Shane Watson had already used up one of his team's referrals, Rogers chose not to review but was left to regret the decision when Hawk-Eye suggested the ball was missing leg stump by some distance.
What they said: "I've never seen anything like that in my life. It started out at eye level and never looked like pitching. Even Swann is not celebrating that one, he knows it was a terrible delivery. Chris Rogers will be absolutely mortified." - Phil Tufnell.
Why it mattered: Rogers's comical dismissal was the catalyst for a disastrous implosion, as Australia were bundled out for 128 on their way to a heavy defeat.
Commentary from Test Match Special
What happened: With a first-innings deficit of 233, Australia needed early wickets to stand any chance of getting back into contention at Lord's. Sure enough, Alastair Cook, Jonathan Trott and Kevin Pietersen all fell cheaply to leave the hosts teetering on 30-3. But the picture could have been rosier for Australia had an edge from Joe Root not sailed inexplicably between wicketkeeper Brad Haddin and Michael Clarke at first slip.
What they said: "People talk about luck in sport. Joe Root certainly had that but the fact he ended the day with a fine century to his name, batting England into an impregnable position, was because he grabbed his opportunity with both hands and made the absolute maximum he could from it. It rather sums Root up. He looks angelic, but he is as hard as nails and as competitive as anyone in the side." - Jonathan Agnew
Why it mattered: Root, on eight at the time of his let-off, went on to make a masterful 180 to take the match out of Australia's reach as England won by 347 runs to take a 2-0 lead in the series.
Listen to Joe Root complete his century
What happened: Australia's first-innings 527-7 declared put them in control of the third Test at Old Trafford, and when England slipped to 110-4 in reply, the tourists sensed an opportunity. Kevin Pietersen's hundred was crucial to England's subsequent recovery but things could have taken a different course had he been given out lbw to Shane Watson for 62. Australia opted against a review, only for replays to show that umpire Tony Hill's decision would have been overturned.
What they said: "If Australia had reviewed it, Pietersen would have been walking back to the pavilion now. Michael Clarke just saw one of the backroom staff show the finger to suggest it was out." - England's 2005 Ashes-winning captain Michael Vaughan.
Why it mattered: Pietersen's 113 and some aggressive batting from Stuart Broad on the fourth morning helped England avoid the follow-on. The time Australia lost by batting again proved pivotal when heavy rain on the final day washed out their chances of victory.
Pietersen out for 113: Test Match Special commentary
What happened: Despite forecasts of apocalyptic weather, the final day at Old Trafford got under way only 30 minutes late and England - battling to save the game on a misbehaving pitch - were soon in deep trouble at 27-3. There were plenty more near misses as the hosts eked out a further 10 runs before the rain finally arrived at 2pm to take the players off the field.
Why it mattered: Three hours after the interruption, with no sign of a break in the weather, the captains shook hands on a draw and the Ashes had been retained in 14 days.
What they said: "It was a slightly anti-climactic way for England to retain the Ashes but if you are an England fan you won't be too worried about that - it is a long time since their side wrapped up a series against Australia so quickly." - Jonathan Agnew.
England draw Test and retain the Ashes
What happened: After conceding a first-innings deficit of 32 runs in the fourth Test in Chester-le-Street, England's top order folded to leave them 49-3 in their second innings and in danger of collapse. Not for the first time in the series, Ian Bell had other ideas. Piercing the gaps in the field and timing the ball impeccably, Bell compiled his third century of the series, his 113 taking England to 330 all out.
What they said: "It was a special innings by Bell. He has such a rounded game - he looks gorgeous when he's playing his shots and there's hardly any shot he can't play. It's been a pleasure to watch him." - Former England opening batsman Geoffrey Boycott.
Why it mattered: Bell's composed knock and some useful lower-order runs from Tim Bresnan and Graeme Swann set Australia an imposing 299 for victory. Although the tourists briefly threatened an unlikely triumph, an inspired spell from Stuart Broad catapulted England to a 74-run win.
Ian Bell out for 113 - commentary on Test Match Special
What happened: Australia's pursuit of 299 for victory in Durham was gathering pace, with David Warner motoring towards a counter-attacking hundred. At 168-2, England captain Alastair Cook threw the old ball to Tim Bresnan and his decision was instantly rewarded. With a ball that swung late away from the left-hander, Bresnan found the edge of Warner's bat to dismiss him for 71 and send England into raptures.
What they said: "What a wicket that is for England - what a ball by Tim Bresnan. It came out of nowhere. It just bounced and took the outside edge. With two new batsman at the crease, it could shift the momentum." - Former Australia batsman Damien Martyn
Why it mattered: After Bresnan opened the door, Broad smashed it off its hinges. Bowling as quickly and aggressively as at any time in his career, he produced a devastating burst of 6-20 in 45 balls to win the match and seal victory in the series.
Listen to the wicket described on Test Match Special
What happened: With England needing 21 runs from the last four overs to pull off a thrilling win, umpires Aleem Dar and Kumar Dharmasena took the players off for bad light - in accordance with the International Cricket Council's playing regulations. Once the light had faded to the same level it was when they had stopped play on Thursday evening, they were obliged to halt play.
What they said: "There's no question that this is darker than at any point in the game. This was always going to happen. Don't blame the umpires, don't blame the players... blame the ICC. We've been talking about this for a year or more that this was going to happen. It's an absolute disgrace. An absolute shambles." - Jonathan Agnew.
Why it mattered: It signalled the end of the game and prevented England - who were in the box seat for victory, with 21 needed from 24 balls and five wickets still standing - from turning a 3-0 series win into a 4-0 thumping. England and Wales Cricket Board chairman Giles Clarke told Test Match Special it was "totally unsatisfactory" and said he hoped ICC chief executive David Richardson would change the rules at the next ICC board meeting.
Listen to the moment play was halted for bad light on Test Match Special
Listen to more clips from BBC Test Match Special


It is "inconceivable" that former News of the World senior editor Neil Wallis did not know about phone hacking at the paper, an Old Bailey jury has heard.

Mr Wallis is on trial accused of conspiracy to hack voicemail messages.
Prosecutors said Mr Wallis, who was deputy editor from 2003 to 2007, was not accused of hacking any phones himself, but he "knew" it was being done and "agreed" to it.
Mr Wallis, 64, of Chiswick, west London, denies the charges.
The Sunday tabloid closed in July 2011 after allegations about phone hacking surfaced.
Mr Wallis was deputy to former NoW editor Andy Coulson who, the jury was told, was convicted in the first hacking trial last year. His predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, was cleared of conspiring to intercept messages.
A number of other senior staff, including features editor Jules Stenson, have already pleaded guilty to the same charge, prosecutor Julian Christopher QC told the jury.
He said: "The practice was so widespread at the NoW that it is inconceivable that the editor above him, Coulson, should have been involved, and those below him should have been involved, without him also knowing about it and being involved."
There was "no dispute that hacking was going on, and going on on a large scale", he said.
He said a phone-hacking journalist would recount one occasion when Mr Wallis and Coulson were both played a taped voicemail recording setting a story in motion.
And Mr Wallis was included in a number of emails which referred "obliquely" to hacking, the prosecutor said, adding: "All those involved in the email plainly knew what was being referred to."
The court heard former NoW journalist Dan Evans, who previously pleaded guilty to phone hacking, will give evidence for the prosecution.
Mr Christopher said: "He will be able to provide a snapshot of what was taking place at the NoW under the stewardship of Andy Coulson at the top - and his deputy Mr Wallis."
But the jury was warned to treat the evidence from Evans - who received a suspended prison sentence for hacking, perverting the course of justice and paying a public official for information - "with care" because he had co-operated with the authorities to "secure a lesser sentence".
The court heard attempts to recruit Evans from the Sunday Mirror began at a meeting in 2004. At a second meeting, at a bar in Wapping, he was introduced to Mr Wallis.
Mr Christopher told the jury that Mr Wallis asked Evans: "I know you can screw phones, what else can you do?"
The jury heard Evans again declined to join the paper but did so in January 2005 and "no time was wasted" in tasking him to hack phones.
Stenson sent him a 27-page email containing the mobile numbers of hundreds of celebrities.
The jury was taken through documents revealing the names of some those targeted by Evans.
They included actress Sienna Miller, designer Kelly Hoppen, Labour politician Tessa Jowell and her husband David Mills, entertainer Cilla Black and supermodel Kate Moss.
The jury was also told of hacking at the NoW before Evans joined the paper. One of those victims was a married woman who was having an affair with former home secretary David Blunkett.
Five microcassettes of voicemail messages left on the mobile phone of Mr Blunkett's lover were found in the safe of NoW lawyer Tom Crone, the court heard.
The prosecutor said Mr Wallis appeared to be "involved" in the story about Mr Blunkett, telling the jury of a series of phone calls between Coulson and his deputy at the time.
A story pursued by Evans at the NoW was Sienna Miller's relationship with actor Jude Law.
The jury was told Evans will claim he played Coulson and Mr Wallis a recording of a hacked message Ms Miller left on James Bond actor Daniel Craig's phone in May 2005.
The court heard the message from Ms Miller to Mr Craig saying "Hi, it's me. I can't speak, I'm at the Groucho with Jude. I love you", appeared to confirm rumours the stars were having an affair.
Mr Wallis, after hearing the message, was said by the prosecutor to have taken Evans by the arm and told him, "You're a company man now, Dan."
Mr Christopher said later that Mr Wallis was allegedly emailed the draft of a story about Prince Harry asking for help with an essay during his time as a Sandhurst recruit.
He added that royal reporter Clive Goodman gained the information from hacking the phone of Prince Harry's private secretary Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton and had said in the email to Mr Wallis, "As we know, it's 100% fact."


Bundesliga side Bayer Leverkusen suffered a shock German Cup second-round defeat on penalties to 10-man SF Lotte of the third tier.

Kevin Volland opened the scoring for the visitors before Roberto Hilbert's own goal levelled the scores.
Tim Wendel was sent off for a second yellow card before Volland added a second in extra time, but Kevin Freiberger took the tie to penalties.
Lotte, who beat Werder Bremen in the first round, won the shootout 4-3.
Leverkusen boss Roger Schmidt was banned for the game after abusing Hoffenheim coach Julian Nagelsmann in the previous match.


Super League champions Wigan Warriors have signed Catalans Dragons full-back Morgan Escare on a one-year deal.

The 24-year-old France back joined on the same day that scrum-half Matty Smith moved to rivals St Helens on a three-year deal.
Escare, who can also play on the wing, has a one-year option with the Warriors after the 2017 season.
"After four years in Super League with Catalans, I feel the time is right for a change for me," he said.
"I grew up in France watching and admiring Wigan and it will be an honour and a privilege to represent the Cherry and Whites."
Wigan have also re-signed 20-year-old winger Liam Forsyth after a one-year spell at rugby union side Bath, but half-back Matty Smith has re-signed for St Helens.


A row has broken out in the assembly over the number of committee chairperson posts held by the Conservatives and Plaid Cymru.

Tory AM Paul Davies told the chamber of his "extreme disappointment" that a shake-up in the posts did not address Plaid having one more than the Tories.
That is despite the Conservative group now being larger than Plaid Cymru's.
But Rhun ap Iorwerth of Plaid said chairs were allocated on the basis of how voters chose AMs last year.
UKIP has lost its right to have a member lead the climate change committee to Labour but has been given a chairpersons position on petitions committee instead.
The change was passed after a Senedd vote of 41 members in favour to 12 against.
But the decision, which was proposed at business committee and supported by Labour, UKIP and Plaid but not the Tories, do not address the fact that Plaid has three committee chairs and the Conservatives two.
Ahead of the vote Mr Davies told AMs on Tuesday: "The presiding officer made it quite clear that Mark Reckless is a member of the Conservative group.
"It's my view that the assembly should honour and respect the presiding officer's determination."
He claimed the decision to allow Plaid to continue to have more committee chairs than the Tories broke the rules of the assembly.
He pointed to a clause in the rules of the assembly which said that when the position of a chair becomes vacant business committee "must consider the effects of that vacancy on the balance of committee chairs between political groups".
He said that standing order had been broken by allowing Plaid to have more chairs than Tories.
"This send the message that it doesn't matter how many members your group has in this place, all that matters is your ability to make deals regardless of any political balance," he said.
The Preseli Pembrokeshire AM said the Welsh Tories should be allocated three committee chairs and Plaid Cymru two - "not the other way round".
The climate change committee post was left vacant after Mark Reckless left UKIP and joined the Conservative group as an independent AM in April.
UKIP, Labour and Plaid all supported the shake-up.
Mr Reckless's resignation from UKIP measn that the Tories now have 12 AMs in their group - despite Mr Reckless being an independent and not a member of the Conservative Party.
Plaid, which had 12 AMs elected in May 2016, now has 11 after Lord Elis-Thomas left the party in October.
Mr Reckless said the business committee meeting where this was agreed had been suspended so that its Plaid Cymru and Labour members "could go outside the room and agree among themselves what the motion should be".
Committee chairs are allocated to parties and under assembly rules, when they are first established business committee is meant to ensure the balance of chairs across committees reflects the political groups to which AMs belong.
Rhun ap Iorwerth, Plaid's representative on business committee, told BBC Wales that Plaid respects the decision of the presiding officer on the formation of the Conservative group.
But he said: "I don't think we should be inviting the chopping and changing of the numbers of directly elected chairs on the whim of AMs deciding to change their allegiance."
He added: "This has come about because the restless UKIP-elected Mark Reckless fancied a change of scene again and went to sit with the Tories."
"I understand why the 'Reckless Conservatives' group would want to grab some more jobs for themselves, but the people of Wales chose their representatives a year ago, and committee chairs were allocated on that basis."
A Labour group spokesman said: "The decision regarding the allocation of committee chairs was taken after significant discussion in the assembly's business committee.
"The election of committee chairs is a matter for the assembly as a whole."


In 1972, when I was the BBC's Ireland correspondent, it would have seemed like the most absurd fantasy that the Queen would ever shake hands with a leading figure from the Provisional IRA.

And although there were some slightly more moderate figures within the organisation, Martin McGuinness was not one of them. He was an out-and-out extremist.
I remember driving through the Bogside in Derry late one evening with a newspaper correspondent when we realised Martin McGuinness and one of his associates were in a car behind us. They must have followed us for 15 minutes after that.
Both of us were really scared. "Christ," said my friend. "He's the one they call the Butcher of the Bogside."
When, eventually, the other car peeled off, my friend and I stopped and shook hands with each other, as if we had just escaped a particularly nasty death.
Martin McGuinness's friend and ally, Gerry Adams, was also a man to fear.
After he was said to have become the commander of the Belfast Brigade, the practice began of "kneecapping" people regarded by the IRA as traitors or criminals - that meant they would be shot through the knees.
No one who has watched, as I have, a teenager writhing on the ground, begging to be put out of his agony, will ever forget it.
Atrocity followed atrocity in what became a small but very nasty civil war.
I got to know a number of senior Provisional IRA people and their political supporters - and even liked one or two of them as individuals - but I always felt that if I saw Martin McGuinness or Gerry Adams coming, I would rather cross the street than shake hands with them.
Yet shaking hands is precisely what the Queen has now done, in spite of all the people who have been blown up and murdered, including her own cousin, Lord Mountbatten.
And McGuinness's decision to shake hands with the Queen is one of the bravest and most statesmanlike gestures an Irishman has ever made.
There are people in Ireland, north and south, who would never have supported the Provisional IRA, yet would still recoil from doing such a thing.
Signing the Good Friday Agreement was brave enough.
Martin McGuinness has now made himself even more of a target for the Republican extremists and irreconcilables - they may be few in number, but they have demonstrated their continued ability to kill and maim.
There is, of course, a precedent. Michael Collins, the leader of the IRA in its war against Britain from 1918 to 1921, came to London to negotiate the treaty which would establish the beginning of Irish independence.
Winston Churchill, who was responsible for policy towards Ireland in the British cabinet, regarded him as the worst kind of terrorist.
Yet slowly, as the negotiations dragged on, the two men came to appreciate each other's remarkable qualities. At one point when the things seemed close to breakdown, Churchill suggested to Collins that they should go and talk it over between them.
They stayed up almost the entire night, drinking heavily, singing songs and reciting poems to each other.   By the morning they had established enough of a basis for the talks to continue successfully.
Yet signing the treaty was Collins's death warrant - soon afterwards, back in County Cork, he was ambushed and murdered.
Things are very different now. The Good Friday Agreement has stood the test of time, and does not need shoring up.
All the same, there has been a real need for a symbolic gesture to bring the years of discord to an end.
The Queen's hugely successful visit to the Irish Republic last year was part of that, but one more symbol of reconciliation was required.
With great courage and forgiveness on both sides that has now been achieved.


A footballer accused of rape took a photo of the bedsheets in a Newcastle hotel room where the attack allegedly took place, a court has heard.

Nile Ranger later deleted the picture but experts were able to retrieve it.
The former Newcastle United player, who is now at Swindon Town, denies rape and said he had consensual sex with the woman in January 2013.
The 22-year-old told Newcastle Crown Court he had never had sex with a woman against her will.
Previously, the jury heard the woman had met him in a bar after the pair had swapped a number of messages.
She said the next thing she remembered was waking up naked in a hotel room the following morning.
CCTV footage from the Carlton Hotel in Jesmond showed the woman falling out of a taxi.
The court was told that in a police interview Mr Ranger described helping her get up after she dropped her handbag in the road.
He said: "I'm a gentleman... I'm rubbing her back, making sure she's all right, holding her."
Toby Hedworth QC, defending, asked him why he took a photograph of the hotel sheets with the room key the next morning.
Mr Ranger said: "I haven't a clue, to be honest."
He had deleted it because "I knew the picture was wrong. I knew it did not look right."
Mr Hedworth listed the footballer's previous convictions, which included burglary, drinking and driving, and battery, when last year he pulled the hair of his girlfriend at the time.
His barrister asked: "Have you ever had sexual activity with a female against her wishes?"
Mr Ranger said: "Never."
The trial continues.


The United Nations cultural agency Unesco has named Iraq's southern marshes - once decimated by Saddam Hussein - a World Heritage Site.

Home to the Marsh Arabs, three archaeological sites and an array of species of birds and fish, the marshes are "unique", Unesco says.
The area was ordered drained in the 1990s by Saddam to stop it being used for cover by rebels.
The marshlands have partially revived since his overthrow in 2003.
A major restoration programme has seen people and wildlife return to the area, regarded by some as the site of the Biblical Garden of Eden.
Unesco said the area was "unique, as one of the world's largest inland delta systems, in an extremely hot and arid environment".
It also contains the ancient sites of Uruk, Tell Eridu and Ur - the birthplace of Biblical patriarch Abraham.
In the 1970s, the marshes, formally known as the Ahwar of Southern Iraq, covered some 3,500 sq miles (9,000 sq km), but were reduced by Saddam to barely 290 sq miles.
The former ruler sought to punish the Marsh Arab tribes who had risen up against him after the first Gulf War and also deprive opposition forces of a base for operations.
Huge tracts were drained and dams were built, causing hundreds of thousands of Marsh Arabs to flee.
Over the past decade, local efforts to re-flood the area and help from environmental agencies have replenished about half the wetlands.
Wildlife and Marsh Arabs, native to the wetlands for about six millennia, have also since made a return.
The marshlands, however, remain at risk to drought, dams and irrigation schemes.


Gary Haveron says his Carrick Rangers side need to win their last two matches to stand a chance of avoiding relegation from the Irish Premiership.

Carrick fell to the bottom of the table on Tuesday when they lost at home to Portadown, and Warrenpoint Town beat Ballymena United.
Haveron's men are one point behind Town and trail second-from-bottom Ballinamallard United by two points.
Carrick play Dungannon away on Saturday and finish at home to Ballinamallard.
Rangers, promoted as Championship One winners last season, were hampered this term by a string of postponements because of playing surface problems at their home ground.
"We are not going to give up - it is not in our nature to throw the towel in," said Haveron.
"We have not been doing enough, but now we need to win our last two games to put it back in our hands.
"The amount of points we have thrown away from winning positions has been hard to take."
The club which finishes bottom of the Premiership will be automatically relegated while the team one from bottom will have a two-legged play-off against the Championship One runners-up.
Warrenpoint, who seemed doomed for the drop after losing 13 games in a row earlier in the season, have recovered to give themselves a fighting chance of survival.
Barry Gray's men have taken seven points from their last five matches, in contrast to Carrick's one.
"We need to continue to show the hunger we have to stay in this league," said Town boss Gray.
At Seaview, Crusaders will be presented with the Premiership trophy before their final home match having retained the Gibson Cup for the first time.
Stephen Baxter's men sealed another league crown by winning 3-1 away to Cliftonville who had themselves won back-to-back titles in 2013 and 2014.
Coleraine, with just one point to show from the last six fixtures, will provide the opposition for the Crues who will again be without suspended defender Josh Robinson.
Runners-up Linfield complete their home programme against Cliftonville while Glenavon, on course to finish third for the second successive year, are away to Glentoran.


Cardiff City manager Neil Warnock has given up on signing Aberdeen's Republic of Ireland winger Jonny Hayes.

The Bluebirds had two bids turned down in January for the 29-year-old and are believed to have made a recent offer of £1.2m.
Hayes, who has a contract at Aberdeen until the summer of 2019, is also a target for Scottish champions Celtic.
"You can only wait for so long and you've got to move on," Warnock told BBC Wales Sport.
"Aberdeen want two players from Celtic and they've been messing us around for quite a few weeks now.
"And it wouldn't surprise me if their manager Derek McInnes goes to Sunderland either - there might be other motives behind everything stalling.
"We've moved on and gone on to another one or two targets that haven't been mentioned yet."
Hayes has made 206 Aberdeen appearances in all competitions, scoring 29 goals, since arriving from Inverness Caledonian Thistle in 2012.
The former Leicester City player previously worked with Celtic manager Brendan Rodgers at Reading.
Although conceding defeat on Hayes, Warnock said he was "optimistic" on adding "one or two" players to Cardiff's squad within the week, one of which he revealed was a striker.
"We are down the line with two or three and the quicker the better I can get them signed up," Warnock added.
"We've got a goalkeeper on the wish list, a striker and possibly another midfielder, now that Peter Whittingham is leaving.
"I'm quite happy at the back so now it's just a matter of getting some more goals signed up to complement the squad.
"It's hard work at the minute. Every club is after strikers and everybody knows certain targets that I've had and they're still on the table.
"But it would be nice to try and get one over the line."


A retired teacher who died while on a cruise on the luxury Queen Elizabeth liner was crushed between a boat and a floating platform, an inquest has heard.

Mary Atherton, 75, of Penwortham, Lancashire, had been returning from a shore trip to Cambodia last April.
She was attempting to step from a transport vessel, known as a tender, onto a pontoon attached to the liner.
Preston Coroner's Court heard Ms Atherton had mobility problems.
Her son Michael told the court his mother had previously undergone hip and knee surgery.
He said she had been on cruises before and had made operator Cunard aware of her issues when she booked the cruise.
Passenger Andrew Allen saw Mrs Atherton fall into the water. He told the inquest he felt the tender and the pontoon should have been tied more closely together.
Mr Allen said he expected to see a gang plank or extra ropes.
The hearing continues.


A "merciless" carer who stole nearly £290,000 from a 102-year-old woman has been jailed for nine years.

Julie Sayles, 59, of Sewerby Road, Bridlington, East Yorkshire, bought two houses with money she took from a bank account she shared with Edith Negus.
She was found guilty of six charges at Hull Crown Court, including fraud by abuse of position.
Mrs Negus's great niece Ann Ruthuen said the family had been "unable to grieve for aunt Edith".
In a statement read to the court, she said the case had caused stress and anxiety and "it has devastated many of us".
"Julie Sayles organised the funeral and there was no mention of Edith. Edith always wanted a headstone and Julie never provided one for her. After the funeral she was sat laughing on a bench. We have sat all week through the court case and listened to the evidence. It has been very distressing."
She described her great aunt as "a beautiful, kind, lovely woman" who was loved by many friends.
More on this and other East Yorkshire stories
Recorder Anthony Kelbrick told Sayles: "For merciless fraudsters like you there can be only one sentence: prison.
"You took advantage of her frailty time and time again."
He said Sayles had "coveted" the wealth Mrs Negus had gathered and saved through hard work.
A jury of nine men and three women took less than two hours hours to find her guilty of fraud, buying two properties with the proceeds of crime, as well as making a fraudulent will and presenting it to a solicitor, after a six-day trial.
Margaret Long, a friend of Mrs Negus' for 25 years, said: "The last words Edith said to me were she was very doubtful about Julie."
During the trial, the court heard the former charity worker, who described herself "as a woman of faith", persuaded Mrs Negus to change her will to benefit her.
The jury was told she had made withdrawals of £7,688, £90,000, £40,000 and several withdrawals totalling £150,000 between February and July 2014 after she set up the joint account in January of that year. Mrs Negus died in the October.
Sayles used the money to buy properties - one in Trowbridge, Wiltshire, and another in Scarborough, North Yorkshire.


Twin, triplets and quadruplets got together in Ireland this weekend to help raise money for charity.

26 August 2013 Last updated at 15:43 BST
It's been running for four years and for the first time ever twins from 25 countries from around the world turned up too.
Check out Leah's report on the double, triple and quadruple dose of fun!


Liverpool took a huge step towards winning the Premier League title by beating Manchester City as Anfield marked the 25th anniversary of the Hillsborough disaster.

The Reds looked like sweeping City aside in a dazzling opening half as goals from Raheem Sterling and Martin Skrtel put Brendan Rodgers's team in complete command.
City, who lost Yaya Toure to injury early on, mounted a superb recovery and David Silva pulled one back early in the second half before his cross was deflected in off Glen Johnson and Liverpool keeper Simon Mignolet to draw them level five minutes later.
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A gripping spectacle was decided 12 minutes from time when City captain Vincent Kompany - an injury doubt before the game and clearly lacking some of his familiar authority - sliced a clearance straight to Philippe Coutinho, who shot low and unerringly past Joe Hart to put Liverpool in control of the title race.
It set up a nail-biting finish in which Liverpool's Jordan Henderson was shown a straight red card for a late challenge on Samir Nasri, one which means he will miss three of the last four games, and referee Mark Clattenburg missed Skrtel's clear handball in the closing seconds.
The final whistle sounded seconds later and a wall of noise surrounded Anfield as Reds players gathered in a huddle in front of the Kop, four wins away from their first title since 1990.
If Liverpool win those games they will be champions, but Chelsea also have to visit Liverpool and there is every chance they will still be harbouring Premier League title ambitions of their own.
City's impressive second-half showing demonstrated they must not be ruled out and they left Anfield nursing a sense of injustice, also believing Luis Suarez should have been sent off when Clattenburg declined to give him a second yellow card for diving.
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None of this will matter to the Reds, who were simply breathtaking in the opening 45 minutes as they made it 10 league wins in succession.
City had an injury doubt surrounding captain Kompany before kick-off after he limped out of training on Saturday. He underwent a lengthy warm-up on his own after being named on the team sheet and was fit to play.
Liverpool's lightning starts have become their trademark and they were at it again as Sterling gave them the lead after six minutes.
Suarez, who had already been booked for a late challenge on Martin Demichelis, played a perfect pass into Sterling, who showed commendable coolness to wait and wrong-foot Kompany and Hart before scoring in front of an ecstatic Kop.
And to make matters worse, Toure pulled up sharply with a muscle injury after attempting a long-range shot, struggling for a few minutes before accepting the inevitable and being replaced by Javi Garcia.
The hosts were overwhelming City with their pace, pressing and movement and should have extended their lead when Sterling set up Daniel Sturridge, only for the striker to glide a finish wide from eight yards.
"What a result for Liverpool. Drama like nowhere else. You would almost think that this was the day the title was decided but there will be more stories to tell before the end of the season. They had it won, gave it away and had to win it all over again."
The only complaint Rodgers could have had was that his team were not further ahead - but that situation was remedied as they scored a second after 26 minutes.
City's suspect marking at set-pieces allowed Gerrard a free header, which forced a magnificent one-handed save from Hart. It kept Liverpool at bay for a matter of seconds as Gerrard swung over the resulting corner and Skrtel rose at the near post to head in.
Finally, City showed signs of life as half-time approached and Mamadou Sakho was very fortunate to escape with a reckless lunge on Edin Dzeko in the area.
As Liverpool's pace relented briefly, the tiny figure of Sterling rose to head Kompany's header off the line before Mignolet did very well to plunge and turn away a snapshot from Fernandinho.
There was a very contentious moment early in the second half when Suarez went down theatrically with, at best, minimal contact from Demichelis. Referee Clattenburg gave no foul and City immediately questioned why Suarez had not been given a second yellow card for diving.
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City were a team transformed after the break, with the introduction of James Milner for Jesus Navas a contributing factor. He helped Silva pull one back when his run and cross gave the Spaniard a close-range finish.
And as the Merseysiders suddenly rocked, matters were level five minutes later when Silva's cross went in via a touch off Johnson and the legs of Mignolet.
Sensing the shift in momentum, City manager Manuel Pellegrini introduced Sergio Aguero for Dzeko and he almost set up a third for Silva, who just had to stretch too far to reach the pass and shot just wide.
Liverpool made City pay with 12 minutes left when Kompany's sliced clearance fell to Coutinho, who sent a low finish past the stretching Hart.
In a frantic finish, Henderson was sent off and Skrtel escaped with a handball - but nothing could dampen the celebrations that swept around Anfield.
Match ends, Liverpool 3, Manchester City 2.
Second Half ends, Liverpool 3, Manchester City 2.
Substitution, Liverpool. Lucas Leiva replaces Raheem Sterling.
Hand ball by Pablo Zabaleta (Manchester City).
Jordan Henderson (Liverpool) is shown the red card.
Samir Nasri (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Jordan Henderson (Liverpool).
Foul by Samir Nasri (Manchester City).
Raheem Sterling (Liverpool) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Martin Skrtel.
Substitution, Liverpool. Victor Moses replaces Philippe Coutinho.
Offside, Liverpool. Raheem Sterling tries a through ball, but Luis Suarez is caught offside.
Pablo Zabaleta (Manchester City) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Philippe Coutinho (Liverpool).
Offside, Manchester City. Vincent Kompany tries a through ball, but Samir Nasri is caught offside.
Offside, Liverpool. Joe Allen tries a through ball, but Luis Suarez is caught offside.
Attempt saved. Martín Demichelis (Manchester City) header from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by James Milner with a cross.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Steven Gerrard.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Jon Flanagan.
Goal!  Liverpool 3, Manchester City 2. Philippe Coutinho (Liverpool) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner.
Pablo Zabaleta (Manchester City) is shown the yellow card.
Offside, Liverpool. Luis Suarez tries a through ball, but Raheem Sterling is caught offside.
Attempt missed. David Silva (Manchester City) right footed shot from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Sergio Agüero with a through ball.
Offside, Liverpool. Jon Flanagan tries a through ball, but Jordan Henderson is caught offside.
Offside, Liverpool. Glen Johnson tries a through ball, but Luis Suarez is caught offside.
Substitution, Manchester City. Sergio Agüero replaces Edin Dzeko.
Attempt missed. Samir Nasri (Manchester City) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by David Silva.
Attempt saved. Edin Dzeko (Manchester City) left footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Substitution, Liverpool. Joe Allen replaces Daniel Sturridge because of an injury.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Daniel Sturridge (Liverpool) because of an injury.
Own Goal by Glen Johnson, Liverpool.  Liverpool 2, Manchester City 2.
Corner,  Liverpool. Conceded by Joe Hart.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Jon Flanagan.
Attempt blocked. David Silva (Manchester City) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Martín Demichelis.
Goal!  Liverpool 2, Manchester City 1. David Silva (Manchester City) left footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by James Milner.
Daniel Sturridge (Liverpool) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Pablo Zabaleta (Manchester City).
Foul by Daniel Sturridge (Liverpool).
Pablo Zabaleta (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.


Tens of thousands of Ethiopians have attended a rally in the capital, Addis Ababa, condemning the murders of Ethiopians by Islamic State militants.

More than 20 migrant workers - most thought to be Ethiopian Christians - were killed by the Libyan branch of IS.
It released videos on Sunday of some of the men being beheaded and others shot.
Ethiopia's prime minister warned the protesters about the dangers of illegal immigration and described the killings as "Satanic".
IS and other jihadist groups are active in many towns in Libya, which has been torn by civil conflict since last year - and has been unstable since long-time leader Muammar Gaddafi was toppled in 2011.
"This week's cruel act which was committed against our citizens in Libya not only gives a glimpse into terrorism, but also shows the Satanic acts and objectives of those who committed the act," Ethiopian Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn told the mass rally in Addis Ababa's Meskel Square.
He also urged unity in the fight against what he called "home-grown extremism" in Ethiopia, and said those who chose to an illegal route to migrate risked falling prey to human traffickers.
"It is clear to everyone that our fellow citizens all have the right to live and work in any part of the world. But the illegal migration that leads to unnecessary suffering and death carried out by illegal human traffickers must stop."
However, later the government-condoned protest broke into scuffles with some parts of the crowd throwing stones, chanting anti-government slogans and clashing with police.
Police fired rounds of tear gas at some towards the end of the demonstration, the AFP news agency reports.
The rally comes a month before Ethiopia holds parliamentary elections, the first since the death in 2012 of long-time leader Meles Zenawi.


Tim Sherwood returned to football after being appointed as manager at struggling Aston Villa on Saturday, with the 46-year-old given a three-and-a-half year contract.

It is a tough task for the new boss, who takes over a team that dropped into the Premier League relegation zone after Tuesday's 2-0 defeat to Hull.
Manager Paul Lambert claimed after that defeat his players had "13 cup finals" left to save their season - but the Scot won't preside over any of them after Villa decided to dispense with his services on Wednesday evening.
Predictably enough, Sherwood sounds excited to be back in management - claiming that he "can't wait to get started" and is "really looking forward to the challenge".
Sherwood was in charge of Spurs from December 2013 until the end of the season, when the club announced that they would not be keeping him on as manager.
Chairman Daniel Levy had given Sherwood an 18-month deal and the manager's time in charge started superbly, with five wins and one draw from his first six league games in charge.
But his team lost 5-1 to eventual champions Manchester City and 4-0 against Chelsea and Sherwood had the look of a dead-man walking for the final weeks of the season.
Sherwood described himself as a "supply teacher" towards the end of the campaign and claimed that several players had approached him to ask if he would be in charge beyond the end of the season. He also said it was a "very difficult situation" to be in. Comments that will not have endeared him to Levy.
But he managed to finish with a league win ratio of 59.09%, the highest of any Tottenham manager in the Premier League.
Former colleague Chris Ramsey, now manager at QPR, believes Sherwood, who had previously been head of the Spurs academy, does not get the praise he deserves for the job he did at the club.
"He did a fantastic job at Tottenham," said Ramsey. "I think they're reaping the benefits of some of the stuff that was put in place four or five years ago to help the academy.
"I think it was probably underrated the job that he did."
A gilet? Sherwood almost made the sleeveless jacket a must-have fashion accessory in his time in charge at White Hart Lane, wearing it at pretty much all times as he stood on the touchline.
Villa fans can also expect a great deal of passion from a man who does not duck a confrontation.
In the last game of the 2013-14 season against, coincidentally, Aston Villa, the former England international decided that he had finally heard enough from a fan who had spent months shouting advice in his direction.
Sherwood turned to face season ticket holder Danny - and a minute later the heavily-opinionated fan was handed the gilet and a seat on the touchline alongside coach Les Ferdinand.
It made good copy but perhaps in hindsight, it was a managerial misjudgement from Sherwood.
He also showed that he was not afraid to publicly lambast his players if he felt they had let him down.
"There's a lack of characters. Too many of them are too nice to each other," Sherwood said after his side lost 4-0 to Chelsea last March. "We need to show a bit more guts and not want to be someone's mate all the time."
BBC Radio 5 live's Pat Murphy suggests the West Midlands club will be a much livelier place with the new manager in charge.
"It won't be dull at Villa Park," he said. "I wonder if owner Randy Lerner knows what he has let himself for.
"Tim Sherwood does not suffer fools gladly and I doubt he will hold his tongue too much and one or two players may get a few rough words."
The main beneficiaries of Sherwood's appointment may well be the youth players at Villa.
Spurs had sold Gareth Bale in the summer of 2013 for a world record £85m and used the money to bring in expensive recruits such as Erik Lamela, Roberto Soldado and Paulinho.
But the poor performances of the new signings contributed to Andre Villas-Boas dismissal in December 2013, giving Sherwood his first opportunity in management.
It soon became clear that Sherwood was not afraid to put his trust in some of the younger players that he had coached during several years on the staff at White Hart Lane.
Harry Kane has enjoyed a stellar season so far but it was Sherwood who gave the striker his first Premier League start, against Sunderland last April. Kane, perhaps not surprisingly, scored in that game.
Algerian midfielder Nabil Bentaleb was given his debut under Sherwood, going on to make 15 appearances in the 2013-14 season, as well as defenders Zeki Fryers and Milos Velkovic and forward Alex Pritchard. Sherwood also helped develop current regular Ryan Mason when the midfielder was in the club's academy.
Sherwood initially joined the coaching staff in October 2008, brought to the club by then boss Harry Redknapp.
Jermaine Jenas was at the club at the time and has happy memories of being coached by the new Villa boss.
"I enjoyed working with Tim at Tottenham. I can't speak highly enough of him," Jenas told BBC Sport.
"The work he did with the young players, the training sessions were fantastic, fitness levels too. When I was working with him I felt great."
Academy coach Bradley Allen also praised Sherwood for his work at the London club.
"Along with others, Tim was involved at close quarters with the development of a number of the young players at Tottenham," said Allen.
"He oversaw that development and decided whether they needed to go out on loan to gain some experience at various clubs.
"Those lads have come through the under-21 team and really flourished this season, with a good three or four of them holding down regular places in the first team, giving a new dimension to the side. Tim deserves a lot of credit for that."
Villa players such as 19-year-old forward Jack Grealish and Republic of Ireland Under-21 international striker Graham Burke are among those who might benefit from Sherwood's arrival.
In short, some fairly big ones - starting with keeping Villa in the Premier League.
It won't be easy, either, because the club are in the bottom three after a winless run of 10 league games in which they scored just two goals.
Jenas said: "I have seen better sides go down.
"Newcastle had a lot of quality, the West Ham side that nearly went down with Carlos Tevez. This Premier League is ruthless and you have to perform on the pitch. The names on the team sheet mean nothing."
Finding the net has been a significant problems for Villa this season - they have scored just 12 league goals in 25 games, the lowest in Premier League history at that stage.
His new side play Leicester in the FA Cup on Sunday in a game that will be broadcast live on BBC One.
Then it is down to the business of league football, starting with a match against Stoke next Saturday.
Mark Hughes's side will go into that game smarting from their embarrassing FA Cup defeat at Championship side Blackburn on Saturday.
Villa do not play anyone currently in the top eight until April - but that could prove to be a decisive month for Sherwood as his team face fixtures against Manchester United, Spurs, QPR and Manchester City.
Former Tottenham manager David Pleat thinks "it is a wonderful opportunity" for Sherwood and he has "enough players capable of avoiding the drop".
Pleat added: "Tim is a confident man and will show strong leadership, but it will be different for him than at Tottenham, where he was well engrained in the club's way of working."


Two men have been assaulted by three masked attackers at an address in the Craigmillar area of Edinburgh.

Police said the attackers entered the property on Craigmillar Castle Road at about 20:15 on Friday. Police believe the attack may have been targeted.
A 38-year-old man suffered serious, but non-life threatening, facial injuries and was taken to hospital for treatment.
The second victim, aged 49, did not need medical attention.
Det Insp Alan O'Brien. of Police Scotland, said: "We believe this may have been a targeted attack and are working to establish the full circumstances.
"I'd urge anyone who may have seen suspicious behaviour by three men in the area at this time to come forward.
"We're also eager to trace any suspicious vehicles seen in the street around this time, and I'd again ask anyone who may have information about this get in touch."


A man has been found guilty of attempting to murder two trainee nurses who were stabbed, doused with petrol and almost set on fire in Brighton.

Connah Smith, 20, from Brighton, asked the two women how they wanted to die.
Gabby Price and Megan Parson were held in their home in the city for more than seven hours in March and stabbed repeatedly in the head, neck and body.
Smith, of Vernon Terrace, who denied the charges at Lewes Crown Court, is due to be sentenced on Tuesday.
Jurors had heard how he covered both women in petrol and threw lit matches at them, but failed to set them alight, during their ordeal in Dean Street on 29 and 30 March.
He had previously admitted two counts of false imprisonment, two counts of threatening to kill and two counts of wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm.
The women, who were aged 20 and 21 at the time of the attack, were treated at the Royal Sussex County Hospital in Brighton for stab wounds.
Sussex Police said Ms Price was known to Smith, who had prepared a rucksack containing a hammer, knives, an imitation firearm, a can of petrol, matches and sticky tape.
The two women were asked how they wanted to die before being stabbed, and were constantly told by Smith that they were going to be killed.
Officers said they were also held down under water in the bath.
The women only managed to get away when one claimed she had suffered a miscarriage.
Det Insp Mick Jones said their horrendous ordeal had been "like something out of a horror movie".
"The jury heard how Smith had planned this attack over a number of weeks leading up to the offence.
"He had researched how to get away with murder as well as forensic matters and serial killers on his home computer," he said.
In a statement issued by the victims after the verdict, they said: "Connah Smith is an extremely dangerous man and we are pleased that his conviction means that he is unlikely to be able to hurt someone else for the foreseeable future."


A jury has failed to reach a verdict in the case of a mother accused of causing or allowing the death of her baby daughter.

Jessica Wiggins had been on trial following the death of 12-week-old Isabella Valance.
The 19-year-old, of Heathfield Road in Redditch, was acquitted of a separate count of child cruelty on Thursday.
Isabella's father, Tyler Vallance, 21, admitted unlawful killing before the trial began and is awaiting sentencing.
Prosecutors said they would seek a retrial in the case of Ms Wiggins.
Isabella died of a head injury in hospital five days after being found apparently lifeless when paramedics were called to her parents' flat in Stanley Close, Redditch, Worcestershire.
The court heard Vallance carried out two attacks that left Isabella with nine broken ribs.


Scarlett Johansson has been named as the top grossing actor of 2016 by Forbes magazine.

Her movies, including Captain America: Civil War and the Coen Brothers' Hail Caesar!, earned $1.2bn (£978m) globally over the past 12 months.
Johansson's Marvel co-stars Chris Evans and Robert Downey Jr tied for second place with $1.15bn (£938m) each.
Last year, the list was topped by Chris Pratt while, in 2014, Jennifer Lawrence took the top honours.
Forbes curates the annual list by adding up global ticket sales using data from analysis site Box Office Mojo.
Animated movies, where only actors' voices were used, are not included and only top-billed performances are counted.
Johansson is joined in the top five by two other actresses - Australian Margot Robbie, who starred in the successful yet critically mauled Suicide Squad, which grossed $746m ($609m) worldwide, and Amy Adams.
Adams earns her place through her current film, sci-fi hit Arrival, and Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, in which she played Lois Lane.
British actress Felicity Jones made her debut on the list after making $805m (£656m) thanks, largely, to Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, only released earlier this month.
She also starred in fantasy film drama A Monster Calls and alongside Tom Hanks in Inferno.


Teachers can continue to drive minibuses for at least six months without obtaining a new qualification, the Driver and Vehicle Agency has said.

It is expected teachers will need a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification to drive a minibus from 1 January 2018.
Earlier this month, the BBC revealed new restrictions meant many teachers could not continue to drive minibuses.
The Education Authority (EA) said this was due to a DVA legal interpretation.
However, the Department for Infrastructure, which has responsibility for the DVA, has now said that the new interpretation and guidance on the law will not come into effect until at least 1 January.
"The guidance is likely to confirm that paid drivers will no longer be able to drive a minibus on their D1 (not for hire or reward) driving licence, and that some volunteer drivers, undertaking commercial passenger transport activities, may also require a full D or D1 driving licence," it said.
"Given recent concerns as to the impact of these changes on a number of sectors, the department can confirm that the draft guidance will only come into effect on approval by an incoming minister."
"Therefore, at present, those who drive a minibus for an organisation under the small bus permit scheme do not need a full D1 entitlement."
Due to the failure to form an executive there is no infrastructure minister at present.
Some principals have warned the change will have "huge implications" for schools.
They said that they would have to hire cars, taxis and buses to fulfil sports fixtures or take field trips as a result.
Principals also expressed concern that they would have to pay thousands of pounds to train teachers to obtain the driver CPC qualification.
Previously, staff who held a licence that qualified them to drive a car would also have been able to drive a school minibus.
The revised guidance from the DVA will state that teachers must have a D1 licence and a driver's qualification card to do so.
The EA letter to principals, issued in June, stated that if this was not the case there would be serious consequences.
"If this criteria cannot be met, any journey undertaken by staff will not be considered legal and may leave the driver and the employer facing prosecution and penalties," it stated.
"It is imperative that the school at all times and you satisfy yourself that the relevant criteria have been met before authorising employees to drive a minibus."
However, the new guidance from the DVA will only now come into effect on 1 January 2018 and then only if approved by an infrastructure minister.
Therefore teachers, and others in paid employment, who currently drive school minibuses will be able to continue to drive them when the new school year begins in September.