Much of the coverage of the Fifa corruption scandal has focused on bribery surrounding the World Cup and the colourful characters of Sepp Blatter, Jack Warner and Chuck Blazer.

However, the majority of the US indictments announced a fortnight ago actually concern the fight to control the commercial rights for international football in the Americas and in particular the continent's most celebrated tournament: the Copa America.
While former Fifa vice-president Jack Warner is accused of arranging a $10m (Â£6.5m) bribe to support the South African 2010 World Cup bid, another vice-president, Eugenio Figueredo, is accused of involvement in bribes around the Copa America of $100m.
He is one of at least 11 members of Conmebol, the South American football confederation, accused of having taken corrupt payments from a sports marketing company in return for the commercial rights for the next four Copa America tournaments - including the one that begins this week in Chile.
The Copa America is one of the most watched sporting events in the world.
In 2011, it was estimated that the cumulative audience for the tournament was over five billion people. And, much like the World Cup, the value of the tournament has increased hugely in the past three decades.
The worldwide commercial rights for the 1987 Copa America were sold for $1.7m. The same rights for this year's tournament brought in $75m.
A special centennial tournament celebrating one hundred years of the Copa America, to be held in the USA in 2016, has resulted in a $112.5m windfall for the confederations organising it.
Since 1986, all of those commercial rights to one of the biggest football events in the world have been largely controlled by one company: Traffic Sports.
The company name may recall its early years selling advertising for bus stops but it eventually became the most important sports marketing group for football on the continent.
For the 2007 tournament alone, according to internal financial records seen by the FBI, Traffic's revenue from selling broadcasting and marketing rights around the Copa America was $74.2m, bringing in a profit of $29.1m.
But the indictment published by the US Department of Justice (pdf) accuse the company of securing its exclusive rights to the Copa America by bribing officials at Conmebol for the past 30 years.
It alleges that executives of Traffic and associated companies paid bribes to two Conmebol presidents and up to nine other presidents of national football associations, including the then presidents of the Brazilian and Argentine associations.
The earliest case of bribery cited by the US Attorney is from 1991, when Nicolas Leoz, the president of the South American football confederation, asked Jose Hawilla, the owner and founder of Traffic, for a payment for his signature.
Mr Leoz is said to have told Mr Hawilla that the rights to the Copa America were going to make Mr Hawilla a lot of money and Mr Leoz would not sign the contract on behalf of Conmebol unless Mr Leoz was given a six-figure sum in return.
The indictment says Mr Leoz then asked for additional payments each time the tournament rolled around and by the final Copa America during his time as president, in 2011, he was receiving more than $1m per tournament.
And it seems that the word spread.
In 2007, when the Copa America was played in Venezuela, the president of the Venezuelan football federation, Rafael Esquivel, asked Traffic for $1.7m for his continued support of their exclusive rights to the tournament.
Once again, Traffic paid up, with the corrupt payments fraudulently wired and laundered through banks and businesses in the US and elsewhere.
Then, in 2010, it looked like Traffic had been outmanoeuvred, and possibly out-bribed, by two other sports marketing groups.
Six of the national football association presidents in Conmebol seem to have helped wrestle the Copa America away from Traffic and award the commercial rights to one of their competitors:  Full Play.
Traffic responded by taking both Full Play and Conmebol to court in the US, arguing the new contract infringed on its agreement because it included the Copa America 2015, for which it already had already purchased the rights.
The case never reached a hearing.
Instead, Traffic and Full Play settled out of court and agreed to join with a third group, Torneos y Competencias, to create a new company, called Datisa, and share the riches of the Copa America between them.
And, at this point, the corruption seems to hit a whole new level, according to the indictments.
In the earlier contract for the 2011 Copa America, Traffic International is said to have paid somewhere in the region of $3m in bribes divided between three officials.
Now, during the negotiations over forming Datisa, Mr Hawilla was informed that bribes had already been agreed with several other Conmebol officials and he would have to chip in with his share. Mr Hawilla was told that $10m should cover his portion of these expenses to date.
It is alleged that Datisa ultimately agreed to pay a total $100m for the rights to four tournaments.
Those payments were to be divided between 11 Conmebol officials and paid for each tournament until 2022:
Plus there was an extra one-off payment paid to each of these people for their signature on the initial contract.
This initial payment was structured in the same way as the payments agreed for each tournament, with the "big three" again pocketing $3m each.
In fact, of the 12 Conmebol signatures on the contract, it seems possible that only one was not paid for.
To put the scale of the corruption into clearer context: the official deal for the four Copa America tournaments was $317.5m.
For that, Datisa paid $100m in bribes - almost a third of the value of the rights.
Or to put it another way, if the corrupt payments for the contract are averaged out across the tournaments, then Datisa appear to have paid just under $1m in illegal bribes for every match at the Copa America - including the tournament that is about to begin.
While all this was happening in South America, Traffic's North American division, Traffic USA, was also buying up the rights to international football.
The commercial rights to the Gold Cup, the Concacaf (Confederation of North & Central America and Caribbean Football) version of the Copa America, were purchased in 1994 by Traffic USA with the promise that they could turn the tournament into a success story in the same way as they had the Copa America.
Concacaf's president, Jack Warner, and the general secretary, Chuck Blazer, were paid hundreds of thousands of dollars in bribes relating to the contracts.
Later, when Jack Warner resigned following allegations of corruption, his successor, Jeffery Webb, arranged for $2m to find its way to him as part of a deal for the Gold Cup and the North American Champions League.
In addition to the money paid out to secure the Gold Cup, Traffic was also dealing with the presidents of the Costa Rican and Nicaraguan football associations, who, along with Jack Warner, had requested six-figure bribes for awarding the rights to World Cup qualifiers played in their countries.
Licence to make money
And all the while, Traffic were making money from these exclusive rights - selling them on to broadcasters, sports companies and other commercial sponsors across the continent and around the world.
In particular, there was a boom in profits in the US and Canada, which quickly became a major market for the Copa America.
According to the indictment, in 2007 the US and Canadian broadcasting rights brought in $12.8m for Traffic - the highest amount of any region and making up a fifth of the company total revenue for the tournament.
This rapidly expanding market helped drive the increase in the value of the contracts and, alongside them, the hidden cost of doing business with the continent's football officials.
The owner and founder of Traffic Sports, Mr Hawilla, has now admitted his part in extortion, fraud, bribery and money laundering and agreed to forfeit $151m of illegal earnings.
Hugo Jinkis, Mariano Jinkis, and Alejandro Burzaco have all been charged as co-conspirators in the illegal payments to officials by Datisa.
Many football officials are under arrest, charged or being sought by the US authorities for questioning.
Meanwhile, in Chile, the hosts take on Ecuador in the opening match of the Copa America 2015, with Chile hoping to get off to a positive start as they look to win their first ever Copa America.


Two brothers amassed debts of £8m for their family hotel chain while working in roles they'd been disqualified from holding.

Andrew and Stephen Hughes have now been given further bans until 2028 by the Insolvency Service.
Devon-based Heritage Properties & Hotels Ltd had four hotels before going into administration in 2014.
The bans mean they are disqualified from being directors or in any way managing a company.
Their sister Julie Savage has been banned until 2023 for her part in failing to keep adequate financial records.
An investigation found the brothers continued to work in management despite being previously disqualified and found that accounting records had been destroyed.
The company's four hotels were Churston Court Hotel near Brixham, Devon, The Crab at Chieveley Hotel in Chieveley and Newbury Manor Hotel in Newbury, both Berkshire, and Park House Hotel in Shifnal, Shropshire.
All four have since been taken over by new owners.
David Brooks, chief investigator at the Insolvency Service, said: "This investigation was hampered by the destruction of records but it was eventually possible to show the involvement of Andrew and Stephen Hughes who were acting in contravention of their disqualifications.
"If people are disqualified but then act or do so through others, the consequences for them are likely to become serious including prosecution and personal liability."
Andrew Hughes was previously disqualified on 4 October 2010 and Mr Stephen Hughes was disqualified on 25 May 2006.
When the company went into administration in October 2014, there were outstanding creditor claims of £8,049,537.


A Hawaiian Airlines flight from Las Vegas to Honolulu has been diverted because of a row over a blanket.

A passenger had asked for the wrap because he was cold, and was outraged when he was asked to pay $12 (Â£9.80).
Police said the man, 66, said he "would like to take someone behind the woodshed for this", which the pilot deemed threatening and then ordered the plane be diverted to Los Angeles.
No crime had been committed, police added.
The man had asked to speak to company representatives, arguing that he should not have to pay for the blanket because it was cold, the LA times reported.
He voluntarily left the flight when it landed in Los Angeles and caught another, Rob Pedregon, a spokesman for the Los Angeles airport police told AFP news agency.
"You know, if I was a passenger on board that plane I would have paid the $12 dollars for him," he added.


Lawyers representing the family of the two San Bernardino attackers have said relatives are "in complete shock" over the shooting.

They said the family had no idea Syed Rizwan Farook and his wife, Tashfeen Malik, were capable of such an attack.
The lawyers warned against jumping to conclusions after the FBI said earlier the attack was being investigated as an "act of terrorism".
Wednesday's mass shooting left 14 people dead and 21 injured.
Tashfeen Malik, 29, and her husband Syed Rizwan Farook, 28, died in a shootout with police after the killings in the southern Californian city, east of Los Angeles.
FBI spokesman David Bowdich told reporters that officers were trying to recover data from two mobile phones found crushed in a waste bin near the scene, a social services agency.
Lawyers David Chesley and Mohamed Abuershaid said there was no evidence that the couple had extremist views.
Syed Rizwan Farook's sister, Saira Khan, told CBS News: "I can never imagine my brother or my sister-in-law doing something like this, especially because they were happily married, they had a beautiful six-month-old daughter,"
Farook is said to have had few friends and Malik has been described by family as a "caring, soft-spoken" housewife.
Tashfeen Malik was born in Pakistan and lived for 20 years in Saudi Arabia before moving back to her native country to go to university.
She and Farook, a US national, met on Muslim dating websites, the New York Times quotes officials as saying. The new couple spent about a week in Saudi Arabia last year, before returning to the US together.
She was granted a visa allowing people to enter the US to marry American citizens. Mr Chesley said Malik was very conservative. She did not interact with male family members and wore a burka, he said.
The couple used handguns and automatic weapons that had been legally purchased in the US, police say.
In response to the shooting, the New York Times ran an editorial calling for stricter gun controls on the front page of Saturday's print paper. It is the first time since 1920 that the paper has run an editorial on page one.
"It is a moral outrage and national disgrace that civilians can legally purchase weapons designed to kill people with brutal speed and efficiency," the opinion piece said.
"America's elected leaders offer prayers for gun victims and then, callously and without fear of consequence, reject the most basic restrictions on weapons of mass killing," it added.
The bomb-making equipment and the thousands of rounds of ammunition have all been removed, and the tan-coloured townhouse which Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik called home has now returned to normal.
On Friday, the FBI completed their search of the property on this leafy suburban street, and after confiscating notebooks and computers - and even Christmas tree lights - handed the property back to its owner.
Waiting reporters were allowed a peek behind the venetian blinds, hoping to get some degree of insight into the life of the "clean-cut young man" and his young bride and baby, who never caused problems and always paid their rent on time.
And as we piled across the threshold, we encountered not the remnants of some medieval torture chamber - or even the evidence of a fanatical terrorist cell - but all the trappings of domestic mundanity: powdered baby food in the kitchen, a cot in the upstairs bedroom, nappies, books and tapestries and several copies of the Quran.
Who carried out shootings?
Becoming radicalised under the radar
What makes this shooting different?
FBI Director James Comey said earlier that the investigation was in its early stages and that the couple may have been "potentially inspired" by foreign terror groups.
However, he said there was no evidence they were part of a network.
The FBI said it was also investigating reports that Malik had posted a message on Facebook pledging allegiance to Islamic State (IS).
The militant group on Saturday hailed the attack, saying it had been carried out by "two supporters of the Islamic State".
The statement, carried by IS's al-Bayan radio, gave no indication that the group had any involvement in planning the attack at the Inland Regional Center social services agency.
Bomb equipment, weapons and thousands of rounds of ammunition were later found in the couple's home.
'It's crazy they lived next door' Neighbours tell the BBC of their shock that the attackers lived nearby
Politicians 'shamed' for offering prayers Does prayer do anything in the wake of a shooting?
Who were the victims? Diverse backgrounds of the 14 people killed
Police said between 75 and 80 people were attending a party there when the shooting began.
The identities of the victims have since been released by San Bernardino's coroner. The youngest was 26 and the oldest was 60.
San Bernardino is the deadliest mass shooting in the US since 26 people were killed at a school in Newtown, Connecticut in 2012.
A Reuters/Ipsos poll on Friday showed that  51% of Americans view Muslims living in the United States the same as any other community, while only 14.6% were generally fearful of them.


Parents who worry about handing over their car keys will be able to spy on their teenager's road skills and even set a speed limit soon.

Chevrolet has developed a mode called Teen Driver, which can keep young drivers safe on the road.
The feature, available in the new 2016 Chevy Malibu, does things like mute the radio if the driver's not wearing a seat belt.
A key fob can also be used to set a speed limit between 40 and 75mph.
If they go over that, visual and audible warnings will be triggered to tell the driver to slow down.
The feature also allows parents to see a report of the total distance driven, maximum speed travelled, how many speed warnings were issued or if there were any driver road skids.
Parents can also make sure traction controls stay set and lights are not left on during the day.
Chevy and other car manufacturers already offer a valet mode on cars, which limits how the car is driven and uses an onboard camera and data recorders to prevent abuse.
The new system has been criticised for not doing anything to stop drivers from using devices like mobile phones.
The 2016 Chevy Malibu will be unveiled at the New York car show next month.
Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter, BBCNewsbeat on Instagram and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube


Five men have appeared in court in connection with the alleged fraudulent takeover of Rangers.

The club's former owner Craig Whyte and former chief executive Charles Green were among the group who arrived at the High Court in Edinburgh.
David Whitehouse, Paul Clark and David Grier, who worked for administrators Duff and Phelps, also appeared.
The charges against the men include fraud, conspiracy and involvement in serious organised crime.


Extra police officers will be on duty on Tuesday for a rescheduled Scottish Cup replay marred by smoke bombs and flares set off in the crowd.

Last week's match between Forfar Athletic and Linlithgow Rose at Station Park was abandoned after 18 minutes following floodlight failure.
Smoke bombs were thrown onto the pitch shortly before the game was stopped.
Supporters will be searched as they enter the ground to prevent a repeat of last week's incidents.
Match commander, Chief Inspector Mike Whitford, said police will assist the increased number of stewards on duty at Tuesday's match at Station Park.
He said: "The increased presence of officers and stewards is unfortunately due to the conduct of a small number of individuals at the previous abandoned match, where a number of flares and smoke bombs were let off.
"As a result, those attending should be aware that there will be searches taking place at the ground to prevent any such items being taken in again.
"Anyone found in possession of any pyrotechnics at this match will be arrested."
The teams drew 3-3 in the original game, with the winner of the tie due to face Ross County in the fifth round.
Linlithgow Rose manager David McGlynn said the club would try to track down those responsible for throwing the smoke bombs, while club president Les Donaldson attempted to challenge the perpetrators at Station Park.
Mr Donaldson told BBC Radio Scotland: "All I wanted to do was try to show solidarity with the stewards and the police and try to get these people to realise how they were letting a club down that has never been in any trouble before.
"To be faced with this bunch of morons - they are not true Linlithgow supporters - we are just at a loss what to do."


Labour will "never, ever apologise" for the closeness of its ties with the trade unions, Jeremy Corbyn has said.

The party's leader is addressing the Scottish Trades Union Congress in Aviemore.
Labour has only one MP in Scotland, having lost 40 seats to the SNP at the last general election.
One recent poll put the party 20 percentage points behind the Conservatives in Scotland, and further behind the SNP.
Mr Corbyn said: "Labour will never, ever apologise for the closeness of our relationship with the trade union movement, you are our family.
"That is why one of the very first things we will do when forming our Labour government will be to repeal the vicious Tory Trade Union Act, giving working people the rights to collectively organise and make their lives better, safer and more content."
Introduced by former PM David Cameron, the act introduced a threshold for workers voting in strike ballots for action to be legal.
The government said it "protects millions of people from the effects of undemocratic strike action".
The SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon will also address the congress in Aviemore.
She will say the general election is "a two-horse race between the SNP and hard-line Tories".
According to a Panelbase poll for the Sunday Times in Scotland, Labour's support there stands at 13%, compared with 33% for the Conservatives and 44% for the SNP.
Scottish Conservative deputy leader Jackson Carlaw said Mr Corbyn represented a "clear and present danger to the Union".
He said: "Nicola Sturgeon is trying to use this election to push ever harder for a second referendum on independence.
"Under Jeremy Corbyn, Labour would simply roll over and let her do so."
Get news from the BBC in your inbox, each weekday morning


The smart meters project risks being a wasted opportunity for households if they are just fitted and forgotten, a committee of MPs has said.

The new real-time meters will only save consumers a small amount of money on their energy bills, the Science and Technology Committee said.
The government must do more to convince people of the extra benefits that the system can bring, it said.
These included a smarter energy grid and less pollution.
The government wants every home and business to be offered a smart meter by the end of 2020. That requires 53 million meters to be fitted in more than 30 million premises over the next four years.
The meters will measure gas and electricity use and automatically send meter readings to energy suppliers, ending manual meter readings.
However, there have been mishaps during the major installation programme.
The communication system that links meters to energy suppliers has been delayed.
The committee also pointed out that there was an "unresolved" problem of early meters installed in the first phase of the rollout losing their "smart" function when the customer switches supplier.
The committee's interim chairwoman, Tania Mathias, said: "The government has known for years that early smart meters can lose their smartness if the customer switches supplier.
"Ministers merely have an 'ambition' to fix this by 2020. Taxpayers will be unimpressed with this situation, and timely action is needed.
"The evidence shows that homeowners and businesses need to receive tailored advice about how they can benefit from smart metering.
"The 'smartness' comes from what customers can do with them - fit and forget would be a wasted opportunity."
She added that the government needed to do more to convince and reassure customers that the technology was safe from being hacked.
A spokeswoman for the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy said: "Smart meters will bring Britain's energy infrastructure into the 21st century - as the committee has made clear."
Sacha Deshmukh, chief executive of Smart Energy GB, which is running the campaign for the rollout, said: "The committee has also emphasised the transformative effect smart meters will have, not only on how we buy and use energy as individual consumers, but on Britain's energy infrastructure as a whole."


Ferrari driver Sebastian Vettel and Red Bull team boss Christian Horner say the 'halo' head protection system is not yet ready for introduction.

Vettel tried the latest version of the device in practice at the British Grand Prix and said it "needed some further running".
Horner added that the device should not be "rushed through" and said he would not vote for it to be used in 2017.
Governing body the FIA wants to introduce the halo next year.
However, the halo is yet to be formally approved.
FIA F1 director Charlie Whiting has made it clear to teams in technical meetings they should expect to run the halo in 2017 and they are designing their new cars so that is possible.
However, the halo must first be approved by a three-stage process: the strategy group of leading teams, the FIA and F1 commercial boss Bernie Ecclestone; the F1 Commission, on which sit representatives of all teams, sponsors, circuits, tyre suppliers, plus the FIA and Ecclestone; and the FIA World Council.
Sources have told BBC Sport that, in addition to Horner, Ecclestone, Mercedes F1 boss Toto Wolff and Williams deputy team principal Claire Williams also have misgivings about the device, which is designed to protect drivers from impacts with large flying objects.
Horner said: "I am not a big fan of the halo and the limitations it has. It is an inelegant solution to the problem it is trying to deal with.
"I would prefer there to be more research time taken to do the job properly rather than rushing something through that may have other consequences. I certainly wouldn't vote in favour of it."
The Grand Prix Drivers' Association, of which Vettel is one of three directors, is in favour of increased head protection for drivers and would like to see something introduced as soon as possible.
But after Vettel ran the device for one lap in Friday practice, he said he had concerns about the sensations it gave the driver.
"Forward visibility was fine," the four-time champion said. "But it was quite a bit on top of you, (even if) you are not looking at the sky all the time.
"It needs some further running. I know the decision is up fairly soon. I don't know what the results are on the actual research.
"It is clear what it is made for and what it is supposed to do, but we just need to make sure we introduce something safer in all circumstances and we don't have any compromises."
The FIA has promised teams a decision on the halo by the end of July.
Red Bull were proposing an alternative device called the 'aeroscreen' but that failed FIA tests, which involve a wheel being fired at the device at 250km/h (155mph).
The team have now stopped work on the aeroscreen, preferring to put more resources behind their 2017 car design as a result of the major rule changes that will see wider cars aimed at reducing lap times by about four seconds.


Shrewsbury Town manager Micky Mellon has defended his team for this season's poor disciplinary record following their recent spate of red cards.

Gary Deegan's late dismissal in Saturday's 1-1 draw with Swindon Town was their third in just five matches.
On top of a season's haul of 23 yellow cards, it adds up to the worst disciplinary record in League One.
"I wouldn't say we're a dirty team in any way, shape or form. I wouldn't say we were overly physical," said Mellon.
"It's just the way things are going for us. We're being punished for every foul we make at the minute.
"We haven't got any for dissent and that's something," he told BBC Radio Shropshire. "But a lot of the bookings are all for nothing more than what you probably see at any other time as just being a free-kick.
"That needless first booking puts you under a lot of pressure if you're a player who makes tackles, or is expected to have physical contact. The next challenge you make, if it's deemed to be a foul, then you will be sent off.
"Everything I'm saying is probably getting used as an excuse, so I've got to be careful about what I say, but that's the way the game's going."
At least Mellon can feel encouraged by the reformed character of one of his midfield players, 31-year-old Scotsman Ian Black.
Last season, he had the worst record in League One, being sent off twice and booked 13 times. But he has only been booked twice this time round - and, on each occasion, he compensated with a goal.
Shrewsbury's poor home form continued on Saturday as they failed to win in front of their own fans for the fifth time in six League One games this season.
That comes on the back of last season's efforts, when Town won only five of their 23 League One home games, picking up 30 of their haul of 50 league points on their travels.
In that time, the Town have twice upset high-flying Championship sides on their own patch - Sheffield Wednesday earlier this year in the FA Cup fourth round and Huddersfield Town in this season's EFL Cup first round.
Yet only two teams in all four divisions have won fewer home games and recorded fewer home points since the start of last season - Newport County and Aston Villa.
Shrewsbury now face the comparative respite of three straight games away from the Greenhous Meadow - but they are at League One leaders Scunthorpe in the EFL Trophy on Tuesday, second-placed Bradford City next Saturday, then at local rivals Walsall the following weekend.
Meanwhile, Shrewsbury have had summer signing Ryan McGivern and promising youngster Dom Smith called up for under-21 international duty next week, by Northern Ireland and Wales respectively.


Middlesex have re-signed Australia batsman Adam Voges as their overseas player for all formats in 2016.

The 36-year-old, who has had spells at Lord's in each of the last two seasons, has committed to spend two periods of the campaign in north London.
Voges will captain Middlesex in the County Championship.
Meanwhile, the club have announced Dawid Malan and James Franklin will skipper the side in the T20 Blast and One-Day Cup respectively.
They replace England limited-overs captain Eoin Morgan, who has given up the roles.
Voges, who has played 13 Tests for Australia since making his debut in June 2015, will fit his spells at Middlesex around his international commitments and the availability of Brendon McCullum, who has signed a deal to play limited-overs cricket for the club.
He will initially be available from the start of the season until early June, and is expected to return in mid-August.
"Adam's return is something we are all delighted with," managing director of cricket Angus Fraser said.
"He may not have spent a huge amount of time with us, but during the time he has been with us he has made an extremely positive impression. He continues to show what a high-quality player he is."
New Zealand batsman McCullum played his final one-day international on Monday and will join Middlesex at the conclusion of his commitments in the Indian Premier League.
The 34-year-old could potentially appear in seven T20 matches and four in the 50-over One-Day Cup.


Construction work has started on a £177m plant in East Lothian which will burn rubbish to create energy.

Recycling firm Viridor said its energy recovery facility (ERF) near Dunbar will incinerate more than 300,000 tonnes of waste a year, avoiding the need for landfill.
The energy produced will be able to power almost 40,000 homes all year round.
The facility is due for completion in 2017.
According to Viridor, at least 350 jobs will be supported during construction.
A further 55 full-time jobs will be created once the plant is operating.
Viridor chief executive Ian McAulay said: "Viridor is at the forefront of helping Scotland achieve its internationally ambitious target to be a zero waste nation.
"Part of a £357m Scottish recycling and energy investment programme committed within the last 18 months, this project will be transforming waste that would otherwise have been consigned to landfill into vital renewable energy for 39,000 Scottish homes."
The project has attracted criticism from some environmentalists, who have claimed that emissions from the facility could be toxic.
Reacting to the start of construction work, Environment Secretary Richard Lochhead said: "We have seen a significant, sustained decrease in the amount of waste being sent to landfill - falling from 7.4 million tonnes in 2007 to 4.5 million tonnes in 2012.
"While Scotland is focused on moving towards a more circular economy, where goods are kept in high value use for as long as possible, there will still be a role for energy recovery for the limited amount of waste that cannot be prevented, reused or recycled."


Two men have been arrested by police investigating the attempted theft of an ATM machine at a filling station in County Armagh.

An explosive device was attached to the ATM at the Costcutter shop in Hamiltonsbawn.
It exploded at about 02:30 BST on Thursday, causing extensive damage to the machine.
An Army bomb team made the device safe.


Newport Gwent Dragons enjoyed a comfortable bonus-point win in Pau to edge one step closer to reaching the European Challenge Cup quarter-finals.

Three converted first-half tries from Cory Hill, Ashton Hewitt and Jason Tovey gave the Welsh side a 24-0 lead at the break that did not flatter them.
Carl Meyer crossed after the break for a fourth try to secure the bonus point.
Paddy Butler, Mosese Ratuvou and Watisoni Votu all added tries for Pau but the Dragons were always in control.
Victory leaves the Dragons top of Pool Two, two points above second-placed Sale Sharks after their win over Castres.
Second row Hill's brilliant individual try gave the visitors an early lead, before a Tovey penalty made it 10-0 and then Sarel Pretorious' pass saw Hewitt burst through a gap in the Pau defence to cross for the second try.
Tovey ran clear after a mistake by the French side to add the Dragons' third try and he duly converted, before kicking through to Meyer for the fourth try after the break.
With Hill sent to the sin-bin, Pau capitalised to score through Butler, but they failed to convert and a Tovey drop-goal made it 34-5.
Word Cup-winning New Zealand centre Conrad Smith came on for his Pau debut and, shortly afterwards, Ratuvou barged his way over the line for the home side's second try.
Fijian Votu added a late third score but Pau remain bottom of the pool.
Dragons director of rugby Lyn Jones told BBC Radio Wales:
"We're absolutely delighted. It was a great performance from us. It was as good as we get
"We were a far better team than them and we deserved to come away with the spoils.
"We kept (Colin) Slade quiet and they couldn't deal with us."
Pau: Damien Traille; Sireli Bobo, Julien Fumat (c), Jale Vatubua, Mosese Ratuvou; Colin Slade, Thierry Lacrampe; Jérémy Hurou, Mehdi Boundjema, Sylvain Charlet; Daniel Ramsay, Julien Pierre; Josefa Ulago Domolailai, Paddy Butler, Brice Monzeglio.
Replacements: Quentin Lespiaucq Brettes, Julien Jacquot, Euan Murray, James Coughlan, Sean Dougall, Thibault Daubagna, Conrad Smith, Watisoni Votu.
Newport Gwent Dragons: Carl Meyer; Nick Scott, Adam Hughes, Adam Warren, Ashton Hewitt; Jason Tovey, Sarel Pretorious; Phil Price, Elliot Dee, Lloyd Fairbrother; Cory Lewis Hill, Rynard Landman (c); Nick Crosswell, Nic Cudd, Taulupe Faletau.
Replacement: Rhys Buckley, Brok Harris, Shaun Knight, Matthew Screech, Ollie Griffiths, Charlie Davies, Dorian Jones, Ross Wardle.
Referee: Andrew Brace (Ireland)
Touch judges: Frank Murphy (Ireland), Stuart Douglas (Ireland)
TMO: Kevin Beggs (Ireland)
Citing commissioner: Dave Guyan (England)


A pellet manufacturing company has been ordered to pay £300,000 after a worker was killed when he was pulled into an industrial blender.

George Major, 51, was clearing material from the machine at Rettenmaier UK Manufacturing, in Mansfield, when it unexpectedly started in 2011.
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) said his death was "avoidable".
The company, fined £200,000 with costs of £100,000, admitted safety breaches at Nottingham Crown Court.
HSE investigators found that Mr Major had been helping to clear a blockage from machinery when he was dragged into the blender and killed.
It was discovered that a guard had been removed from the machine, which had not been locked off from the electricity supply.
The company admitted breaching sections of the 1974 Health and Safety at Work Act and the 1999 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations.
HSE Inspector Samantha Farrar said: "Mr Major's death was entirely avoidable and his life was needlessly lost.
"The failings by Rettenmaier UK Manufacturing Ltd caused a fatality in particularly distressing circumstances.
"The absence of an effective health and safety management system, including a lack of a safe system of work for equipment isolation and lock-off, risk assessment and proper training for staff, meant that all workers at the site were at risk.
"This tragic incident could have so easily been avoided if a few simple steps had been taken by the company."


In some countries, computer programming might be seen as the realm of the nerd.

But not in Estonia, where it is seen as fun, simple and cool.
This northernmost of the three Baltic states, a small corner of the Soviet Union until 1991, is now one of the most internet-dependent countries in the world.
And Estonian schools are teaching children as young as seven how to programme computers.
Estonia's e-revolution began in the 1990s, not long after independence. Toomas Hendrik Ilves, then the country's ambassador to the United States, now Estonia's president, takes some of the credit.
There's a story from his time in the US that he is fond of telling. He read a book whose "Luddite, neo-Marxist" thesis, he says, was that computerisation would be the death of work.
The book cited a Kentucky steel mill where several thousands of workers had been made redundant, because after automatisation, the new owners could produce the same amount of steel with only 100 employees.
"This may be bad if you are an American," he says. "But from an Estonian point of view, where you have this existential angst about your small size - we were at that time only 1.4 million people - I said this is exactly what we need.
"We need to really computerise, in every possible way, to massively increase our functional size."
So Estonia became E-stonia - a neat Ilves joke. And with the help of a government-backed technology investment body, called the Tiger Leap Foundation, all Estonian schools were online by the late 1990s.
Through Tiger Leap, they have been teaching programming at secondary level for some time. But their latest project is to introduce the concept to children earlier, when they enter at the age of seven. So far, they have trained 60 teachers to teach the first four year groups.
"By next September, when the new school year begins, I hope every school finds it to be important to integrate programming in their classes," says Tiger Leap's Ave Lauringson, who is in charge of the project.
Source: OECD 2012 Education at a Glance
In a newly-built, yellow-painted school in Lagedi, outside the Estonian capital, Tallinn, this can already be seen taking shape. A class of 10-year-olds are designing their own computer games, supervised by information and communications technology (ICT) teacher Hannes Raimets, a slight, quietly-spoken 24-year-old, a child of the first e-generation.
"I think teaching them to programme has lots of benefits. It helps the children develop their creativity and logical thinking," he says. "Also, it's fun, building your own game. "I think it's their favourite subject at school," says Mr Raimets.
What is also evident is that computer programming, at least at a basic level, just isn't that hard.
President Ilves makes the same point. Born in Stockholm of Estonian parents, he grew up and attended high school in the US. He learned programming at 13, as part of an experimental maths class, and says it helped him to pay his way through college.
"I don't think programming computers is such a deep, dark secret. I think it's strictly logic," he says.
"Here in Estonia, we begin foreign language education either in Grade One or Grade Two. If you're learning the rules of grammar at seven or eight, then how's that different from the rules of programming? In fact, programming is far more logical than any language."
President Ilves argues that education reforms take 15 or 20 years to show an effect. He feels this point is proved by the large number of technology start-ups for which Estonia today is attracting attention.
One of these is Frostnova, whose chief executive, Mikk Melder, is 25. His company has designed a game for primary school children called Ennemuistne, drawing heavily on local folklore and myth.
Mr Melder says he visited local museums to make sure the architecture depicted is strictly accurate. Players can dress their characters in traditional costume and make them dance a uniquely Estonian jig.
"This is the ultimate purpose of the game," he says. "To bring something old, preserved and traditional into today's world, into the digital age."
Rather better known is Skype, an Estonian start-up long since gone global.
Skype was bought by Microsoft in 2011 for a cool $8.5bn, but still employs 450 people at its local headquarters on the outskirts of Tallinn, roughly a quarter of its total workforce. Tiit Paananen, from Skype, says they are passionate about education and that it works closely with Estonian universities and secondary schools.
"Your capability not only to use, but also to create IT components will give you a competitive edge," says Mr Paananen. He is happy to hear that they are now starting even younger.
"Skype has kicked off a wave of technological innovations in Estonia and all these knowledge-rich, highly-paid jobs will need those bright heads for the future."
Estonians today vote online and pay tax online. Their health records are online and, using what President Ilves likes to call a "personal access key" - others refer to it as an ID card - they can pick up prescriptions at the pharmacy. The card offers access to a wide range of other services.
All this will be second nature to the youngest generation of E-stonians. They encounter electronic communication as soon as they enter school through the eKool (e-school) system.  Exam marks, homework assignments and attendance in class are all available to parents at the click of a mouse.
"For most kids in Estonia, eKool is their first connection to ICT," says eKool's chief executive, Sander Kasak.
"They will be at school for 10 to 12 years, so they'll be learning about technological improvements all the time. So you could say eKool is not only a technological partner, but also an educational partner."
For Mairi Tonsiver, whose 11-year-old son Uku is a student at Lagedi School, eKool is a life-saver. He has just spent three school days at home because of sickness, but by checking online, his mother can find out exactly what he has missed and needs to catch up on.
"It was much more difficult and much more time-consuming when we didn't have eKool," she says.
"And your kids can't now make the excuse that they didn't write down what homework they have to do, because now you can just go to the computer and check it."
Uku says he wants to be a cosmonaut. Designing computer games is probably not a bad way to start.


Proposed budget cuts at Derbyshire County Council will hit both road gritting and crossing guards as the local authority aims to save £45m over the next fiscal year.

The plans were released by the Labour-led council, which also proposed a 2% rise in council tax.
Council leader Anne Western said government grants were being cut by 27%, so cutbacks were inevitable.
A final decision on the budget proposals will be made next week.
Councillor Western said: "People will start to see the effect of the cuts and it will be more evident in terms of services dwindling."
She added: "Nearly three-quarters of the money we spend on local services comes from the government and only a quarter from council tax so it's inevitable that cuts of this size will have a huge impact on local services."
The budget proposals include:


Flaws in Apple's iOS operating system have been discovered that made it possible to install spyware on a target's device merely by getting them to click on a link.

The discovery was made after a human rights lawyer alerted security researchers to unsolicited text messages he had received.
They discovered three previously unknown flaws within Apple's code.
Apple has since released a software update that addresses the problem.
The two security firms involved, Citizen Lab and Lookout, said they had held back details of the discovery until the fix had been issued.
The lawyer, Ahmed Mansoor, received the text messages on 10 and 11 August.
The texts promised to reveal "secrets" about people allegedly being tortured in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)'s jails if he tapped the links.
Had he done so, Citizen Lab says, his iPhone 6 would have been "jailbroken", meaning unauthorised software could have been installed.
"Once infected, Mansoor's phone would have become a digital spy in his pocket, capable of employing his iPhone's camera and microphone to snoop on activity in the vicinity of the device, recording his WhatsApp and Viber calls, logging messages sent in mobile chat apps, and tracking his movements," said Citizen Lab.
"We are not aware of any previous instance of an iPhone remote jailbreak used in the wild as part of a targeted attack campaign, making this a rare find."
The researchers say they believe the spyware involved was created by NSO Group, an Israeli "cyber-war" company.
"[It is] the most sophisticated spyware package we've seen," said Lookout.
"It takes advantage of how integrated mobile devices are in our lives and the combination of features only available on mobile - always connected (wi-fi, 3G/4G), voice communications, camera, email, messaging, GPS, passwords, and contact lists."
This is in many ways a textbook case of the cybersecurity community acting precisely as it should. Researchers were alerted to a vulnerability, investigated it, and made Apple, the company responsible for fixing it, aware so it could issue a fix. Apple, to its credit, understood the severity and acted quickly - it took them just 10 days.
These types of vulnerabilities are rare and extremely lucrative. A genuine "zero day" - the name given to previously unknown security flaws - can be sold for upwards of $1m when it affects a major piece of software like Apple's iOS. In this case, it looks like several zero days were combined to make a hugely sophisticated attack package.
Now attention is shifting to the secretive organisation said to be behind the attack, the NSO Group, described by researchers as a cyber arms dealer, and described by itself as firm capable of being a "ghost" on victims' devices - working undetected but gathering enormous amounts of private data.
According to Privacy International, NSO Group has sold its products to clients in Mexico and in Panama - but little is known about other deals involving the company which is said to be worth more than $1bn.
Pressure is also being put on Francisco Partners Ltd, the San Francisco-based venture capital firm that has a controlling stake in NSO Group. It is yet to comment on the controversial attack.
NSO has issued a statement acknowledging that it makes technology used to "combat terror and crime" but said it had no knowledge of any particular incidents and made no reference to the specific spyware involved.
"These are rather rare zero-day flaws," commented security expert Prof Alan Woodward, referring to the technical name for previously unknown vulnerabilities.
"To have several found at once is even rarer. As can be seen from how these have been exploited to date, it represents a serious threat to the security and privacy of iOS users.
"Apple has been remarkably responsive in providing fixes for these issues, so I would encourage any iOS users to update to the latest version of the operating system."
For its part, Apple has limited itself to saying: "We were made aware of this vulnerability and immediately fixed it with iOS 9.3.5. We advise all of our customers to always download the latest version of iOS to protect themselves against potential security exploits."


A policeman has been left blind in one eye after being hit by a six struck by South Africa batsman David Miller in an Indian Premier League match.

Aloke Aich, 53, was hit in the right eye during the match between Kolkata Knight Riders and Kings XI Punjab at Eden Gardens on 9 May.
"The incident and its ramifications have been terrible." Miller said.
"I wish this was not true - I am sorry for Mr Aich's irreversible loss and wish him the best recovery possible."
Aich's son said that Kolkata Police were paying his father's medical expenses but also said that he feared the injury might force his father, the sole earning member in the family, to give up his job.
"I don't know what will happen. With his right eye gone, I don't think he would be able to sit behind the wheel again," he told the Indian Express newspaper.
"Will they keep him in the job or will he be asked to take voluntary retirement? How will we survive if he loses his job?
"We are a lower middle-class family, dependent solely on his income."
Miller scored 27 not out from 11 balls in the match in question, which Kolkata won by one run.
The 25-year-old first joined Kings XI Punjab in the IPL in 2011, and hit a 38-ball century against Royal Challengers Bangalore at Mohali in May 2013, the third fastest hundred in the history of the tournament.
The left-hander has appeared in 71 one-day internationals and 31 Twenty20 internationals for South Africa.


The 104th edition of the Tour de France will have to go some way to beat the extraordinary scenes of last year.

The sight of race leader Chris Froome running up Mont Ventoux, frantically searching for a bike, any bike, to replace his mangled machine which lay strewn on the mountain will live long in the memory.
So too will fellow Briton Adam Yates' misfortune when the 1km to go inflatable collapsed on him during stage seven.
And so too will the seven stage wins by British riders - including four for Mark Cavendish - matching the record set in 2012.
What stories will this year's race, which starts on Saturday and runs for three weeks across 3,540 kilometres (2,200 miles), throw up?
Will Froome complete his third straight win and a fourth victory in five years? Will Cavendish become the leading stage winner of all time? Will we finally see a French winner after a 31-year drought?
A total of 198 riders from 22 nine-man teams will set off on the 21-stage race. It takes in four countries and features two individual time trials, nine flat, five hilly and five mountainous stages.
And race organisers appear intent on breaking Team Sky's recent dominance, which has been characterised by their ability to control the pace of the race. The mountain climbs are generally shorter and steeper, while two short individual time trials should not allow Froome to gain too much on his challengers.
The German city of Dusseldorf hosts the opening individual time trial and the start of stage two, which finishes in Liege, Belgium.
Dusseldorf stepped in after an abrupt U-turn from Transport for London scuppered a bid for the race to start in the English capital.
From Belgium, the race heads through Luxembourg and on into north-eastern France and then south towards the Alps to end week one.
A rest-day transfer to the Dordogne region in the west is followed by a second week dominated by the Pyrenees mountains before the Alps take centre-stage for the final week.
For the first time since 1992, the race visits all five of France's main mountain ranges, but there are just three summit finishes.
The man himself says he is "fresher" than he has ever been but he goes into the race without a victory in 2017. The 32-year-old's three Tour triumphs were all preceded by winning the traditional Tour warm-up, the Criterium du Dauphine, but he only finished fourth this year.
Froome concedes that "this year's Tour suits Richie Porte really well", while his own Team Sky race director Nicolas Portal says they will have to "find a new way to win" because the race features fewer individual time trialling kilometres - just 37.5km - than ever before and fewer mountain climbs and summit finishes than last year.
Still, it's hard to back against him.
He will expect to be stronger than his main rivals in the two races against the clock - on stages one and 20 - and he has eight team-mates who are well-versed in looking after their leader, keeping him out of trouble on sprint stages and delivering him to the foot of mountain climbs in the perfect position.
The first big test for those hoping to challenge will come with the summit finish at La Planche des Belles Filles on stage five. If that mountain sounds familiar, it's because Froome won his first Tour stage there in 2012.
The ability to descend quickly is also going to play a huge part in this edition, with three stages finishing at the bottom of mountains.
Prior to last year's race, Froome was not considered as one of the sport's best at going downhill - but he answered his critics in fine style with a winning attack on stage eight that put him in the yellow jersey.
Belgian Eddy Merckx, Miguel Indurain of Spain and French pair Bernard Hinault and Jacques Anquetil have won a joint-record five Tours de France each. A fourth victory for Froome will elevate him to fifth on the list and cement his place among those legends.
Former Team Sky team-mate Richie Porte is the man in form this year, winning a couple of early-season stage races and finishing second in the Criterium du Dauphine.
However, whether the 32-year-old Australian has the legs for the three-week test ahead is debatable. He took over as Team Sky's leader when Froome pulled out after a crash in 2014, but he struggled in the high mountains and finished 23rd.
His best result was last year's fifth but the BMC Racing rider tends to have one bad day that destroys his chances.
Nairo Quintana is one of the few who can ride away from Froome in the mountains and the paucity of time trialling this year race will also help the 27-year-old Colombian's cause - but he needs to be more aggressive.
It will be interesting to see if the Movistar rider, who has twice finished runner-up to Froome (2013 and 2015) is helped or hindered by competing in Italy's equivalent race, the Giro d'Italia, where he finished second in May.
Should Quintana fade, Movistar have Spanish veteran Alejandro Valverde in their ranks. The 37-year-old won his home tour - the Vuelta a Espana - in 2009 and has had seven other podium finishes, including third at the 2015 Tour.
Alberto Contador has won all three Grand Tours at least twice, but while the 34-year-old Spaniard is not as feared as he once was, he will be a marked rider.
Expect dancing on the pedals and sharp attacks in the high mountains as the Trek-Segafredo rider tries to shake up those chasing podium places.
Italy's big hope for the race is Fabio Aru. The Astana man is only 26 but his aggressive riding in the mountains helped him win his solitary Grand Tour to date - the 2015 Vuelta.
He has a super-domestique in Jakob Fuglsang and the Dane is in terrific form, having attacked on the final stage to beat Porte at the Dauphine. However, the 32-year-old's ambitions of a podium finish will be tempered by Aru's progress.
What price a French winner? Home fans will not need reminding that they have had little to celebrate since Bernard Hinault's victory back in 1985.
Romain Bardet carries the weight of the nation's expectations this year. The 26-year-old AG2R-La Mondiale rider finished runner-up to Froome in 2016, but he was more than four minutes adrift. Again, a lack of individual time trials will help the climbing specialist, but can he take on Froome in the high mountains?
From a British point of view, the most interesting sub-plot in a race that always features many, will be whether Cavendish can equal, or even surpass Belgian legend Merckx's record of 34 Tour stage wins.
The 'Manx Missile' starts his 11th Tour on 30 and in half of the previous 10 he has won at least four stages.
And with nine designated 'flat' stages this year, you would think there would be ample opportunity for the team Dimension Data sprint specialist to add to his tally.
However, the 32-year-old has missed three months of this year after being diagnosed with glandular fever, caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.
Cavendish returned in the Tour of Slovenia in mid-June and also rode in the British national championships, on the Isle of Man.
But he said of his inclusion in this year's race: "If I am being totally honest, had this not been the Tour de France we may have collectively taken a different approach."
Having written all that, Cavendish went into last year's race unsure of his form after spending much of the year training for an Olympic medal tilt on the track in Rio and he went on to claim his first yellow jersey and four stage wins.
German sprinters Andre Greipel and Marcel Kittel are the most likely candidates.
A former team-mate of Cavendish, Greipel has won 11 Tour stages, while Kittel has picked up nine.
Also keep an eye out for 24-year-old rising star Dylan Groenewegen. The Dutchman had three top-10 finishes on his Tour debut last year and Tour de Yorkshire fans will recognise his name after he won stage one in 2016 and 2017.
National road champion Arnaud Demare, 25, and 26-year-old Nacer Bouhanni are the French hopes. Bouhanni, you may recall, had to withdraw from last year's Tour after injuring his hand in an altercation at a hotel.
Slovakia's Peter Sagan is favourite to retain the green points jersey that he has won in such entertaining fashion for the past five years and equal Erik Zabel's record.
The classification rewards consistently high finishes on each stage and because Sagan has a rare ability to mix with the sprinters and tackle minor climbs he has dominated the classification since Cavendish took the title in 2011.
However, race organisers also appear keen to stop Sagan's fun and give the pure sprinters more of a sniff.
Will Sagan find a way of accumulating enough points? The race for green should keep the Tour interesting on days when Froome and his rivals are busy reserving their energy for the mountains.
Yes. Seven.
Welsh duo Geraint Thomas and Luke Rowe will be part of Team Sky's nine-man squad.
Thomas is riding in his eighth Tour, having been a key domestique for Froome in each of his three previous wins. He had been Team Sky's leader in May's Giro d'Italia but his race was ultimately ended by a crash involving a police motorbike.
Joining Cavendish in Team Dimension Data are Yorkshireman Scott Thwaites and newly crowned national road race and time trial champion Steven Cummings. The 36-year-old has won two Tour stages, including a solo victory last year.
Simon Yates will share Tour leadership duties for Orica-Scott. The 24-year-old climber won a stage and finished sixth in the 2016 Vuelta a Espana. Will he emulate his twin brother Adam, who won the white jersey as best young rider in 2016?
Sprinter Dan McLay, who impressed with four top-10 finishes on his Tour debut last year, returns with the Fortuneo-Vital Concept team, while former Sky rider Ben Swift will be racing for UAE Team Emirates.


Plans to force higher-earning social housing tenants to pay more in rent have been scrapped by the government.

Ministers said they had "listened carefully" and decided not to proceed with the controversial "pay to stay" policy.
It would have applied to social housing residents in England earning £31,000 or £40,000 in London.
Councils and housing associations would be able to decide whether to impose higher rents, the government said.
Housing minister Gavin Barwell also confirmed the government would be ending the right of social housing tenants to stay in their homes for life, by introducing compulsory fixed-term tenancies.
This will mean tenancies are periodically reviewed "to ensure tenants still need a socially rented home", he said, with councils told to prioritise lower-income households.
He added that the government was exploring other ways to ensure higher-earning tenants "make a greater contribution to costs".
The change in policy comes after a public consultation into "pay to stay" in which council leaders and charities criticised the plans.
Under the current rules, social landlords can charge tenants with an income of over £60,000 market or near-market rent.
Former Chancellor George Osborne announced a compulsory scheme in his July 2015 Budget, with the government saying it was unfair for hardworking people to be "subsidising the lifestyles of those on higher than average incomes".
It would have meant local authorities were forced to raise rents with a taper system in place for those earning over £31,000 or £40,000 in London.
More than 70,000 households were set to be affected by the changes, pushing tenants' annual rent up by more than £1,000 a year on average.
In a written statement, Mr Barwell said the government remained committed to "ensuring social housing is occupied by those who need it most".
He added: "But we need to do so in a way that supports those ordinary working class families who can struggle to get by, and in a way which delivers real savings to the taxpayer.
"The policy as previously envisaged did not meet those aims."
The Local Government Association was among the organisations warning families could be forced from their homes and unable to stay in the same area if subsidised rents were dropped, with the proposal also facing resistance in the House of Lords.
The LGA said the decision not to enforce a compulsory policy would be a "huge relief to households across the country", saying implementing it would have been "difficult, lengthy and costly".
Liberal Democrat housing spokesman Lord Shipley said: "Finally the government have realised their plans to charge people more for their homes were not only unfair, but unworkable."


Police in West Yorkshire are "very concerned" by an "unprecedented" level of firearms incidents over Christmas.

Three unrelated shootings since Christmas Eve included a man being injured in Shipley, a car damaged in Huddersfield and a police vehicle being shot on Christmas Day in Bradford.
West Yorkshire Police said the incidents were being taken "very seriously".
No one was seriously injured.
The first incident happened in Market Square, Shipley, at about 04:00 GMT on Saturday.
One man is thought to have been shot but not seriously injured after a collision between a vehicle and pedestrian.
In the second incident, a car was damaged in Bradley Mills, Huddersfield, at 15:10 on Saturday.
A car, thought to be a black Mercedes, drove down Harpe Inge carrying people wearing masks. One person got out and a firearm was discharged, police said.
Another car, thought to be a grey Mercedes, was shot. No one was injured.
In the early hours of Christmas Day, a police vehicle windscreen was shot on Sackville Street in Bradford.
Officers had been called to reports of an assault and at about 04:40, while speaking to the victim, a shot was fired at the windscreen.
No one was injured by the firearms discharge but one person was injured as a result of the assault and a 19-year-old man has been arrested.
While the firearms incidents are not linked, they are being taken "very seriously" and witnesses should contact West Yorkshire Police.
Assistant Chief Constable Russ Foster said: "Despite this recent spate of gun-related crime, the chances of becoming a victim of such an incident in West Yorkshire are very low."
Last January, 80 illegally-held guns were taken in West Yorkshire in a weapons surrender which is due to be repeated in the new year.


Great Britain Davis Cup captain Leon Smith said he was "extremely proud" of his team after the 3-2 semi-final defeat by Argentina in Glasgow.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Britain hit back from 2-0 down to force a decider, but Leonardo Mayer beat Dan Evans 4-6 6-3 6-2 6-4 to seal victory.
It ended a seven-tie winning run that included last year's final - Britain's first Davis Cup triumph for 79 years.
"We've had an unbelievable run in this competition over the last couple of years," Smith told BBC Radio 5 live.
"I don't think people would have mapped that out a few years ago, what the team has achieved, so I'm extremely proud of them."
It was only the third defeat in 17 ties stretching back to 2010, when Smith took charge for a lowly Group 2 Europe/Africa relegation play-off against Turkey.
Andy Murray won 11 points as he led the side to the title in 2015, but Britain achieved their first World Group win without him when they beat Serbia in July.
With Kyle Edmund, now ranked 55, and Evans, who is at a career-high 53, Smith is less reliant on the combination of Murray and a strong doubles team.
"That's a big plus," said Smith. "I've been saying for a while the most important thing is what the players are doing on a week-by-week basis.
"To have singles players in the draws at ATP 500s, Masters Series, main draw of Grand Slams... it's much, much better. So when we do get together for Davis Cup we now have better depth. Long may that continue."
Murray, the world number two, will remain the lynchpin for any immediate hopes of another Davis Cup success but says he is in need of a break.
The 29-year-old, who has enjoyed a hugely successful summer that included victories at Wimbledon and the Olympic Games, felt the effects of a gruelling season in the latter stages of Sunday's win over Guido Pella.
"I've never really had any muscle injuries before," said Murray. "That was worrying for me and thankfully I managed to get it done in straight sets. I was still moving okay, but when you get pain in your body it distracts you."
Murray is scheduled to return in Beijing next month, while Britain will learn their 2017 first-round opponents at the Davis Cup draw on Wednesday.
Russell Fuller, BBC tennis correspondent:
"Britain's hopes of winning back to back titles for the first time since the 1930s were ended by the better team.
"Three different players won singles points for Argentina, with only the Murray brothers contributing for Britain. That was ultimately the difference."
Media playback is not supported on this device


A judge has said he will deliver his verdict in a long-running eviction battle via e-mail due to fears the judgement would spark disorder.

Tom Crawford has been in a dispute with Bradford & Bingley, who claim he owes Â£43,000 in mortgage payments.
Hundreds of supporters gathered outside Nottingham County Court, where Judge Nigel Godsmark was due to rule on an appeal against an earlier decision.
But he reserved his judgement after suspending the hearing twice.
Judge Godsmark said commotion outside the court meant proceedings could not continue.
"What is happening out there is an attempt to disrupt the process," he told the court.
He said he refused to conclude "if there's the risk of serious public disorder."
The wrangle between Mr Crawford and Bradford & Bingley began in 2012.
Mr Crawford, who has been treated for cancer, claims he has paid off the endowment mortgage he took out in 1988 and the terms of his mortgage were changed without his knowledge.
Last year, a court ruled in favour of a debt recovery firm which took on the outstanding balance, and Mr Crawford was told to pay or lose his home.
Support for Mr Crawford came from across the country after a Facebook group was set up.
In January, more than 250 people blocked bailiffs from evicting him and wife Sue from their home.
Mr Crawford, of Fearn Chase, Nottingham said the public support he had received over his eviction appeal had been "fantastic".
"If it wasn't for these people, they would have taken our home," said the 64-year-old.
"This support is what everyone should get. There's a lot of homes taken from people who don't owe any money and they are railroaded by the banks."
As proceedings resumed, Nicole Sandells, for Bradford & Bingley said: "This is not a case where the bank is asked to turn it into a repayment mortgage and has failed to do so.
"The bank offered to amend this to repayment if requested and that was not accepted."
Ms Sandells said permission for an appeal against the eviction order should not be granted and the repossession could still go ahead.


Rory Loy's double and a Paul McGowan strike on the counter sealed an impressive opening day win for Dundee.

Loy capitalised on Mark O'Hara's surging run and cross to fire home early on before confidently netting a penalty after O'Hara was held back.
McGowan coolly converted a perfectly weighted pass from Michael Duffy as Dundee broke on the counter attack.
Substitute Craig Curran offered some hope when he tapped Liam Boyce's shot home but a comeback never materialised.
Dundee's team news sparked some interest with Greg Stewart out of the squad altogether.
However, when asked if a transfer may be in the offing, Dundee manager Paul Hartley confirmed an ankle injury had kept him out and that he would likely be fit for next weekend.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Loy took the opportunity to start, with Kane Hemmings now at Oxford United and new signing Faissal El Bakhtaoui on the bench.
The game may have been very different had Brian Graham taken advantage from close range but his miss-hit shot was eventually cleared when he ought to have found the net.
Loy looked sharp and took his opportunity with a fine close-range finish and a well-executed penalty putting Dundee on course for the win.
Referee Bobby Madden had warned players in the box moments before judging Jay McEveley to have impeded O'Hara, a decision consistent with others he has awarded already this season.
County pressed in the second half without overly penetrating and played right into Dundee's hands when Duffy surged away, squared for McGowan and goalkeeper Scott Fox's touch couldn't prevent the ball squirming over the line.
Dundee's Scott Bain saved superbly from Michael Gardyne before Curran's touch gave County hope but, despite pushing Dundee back, they lacked the cutting edge to alter the result.
County's disappointing start to the season continues.
Dundee manager Paul Hartley: "A terrific team performance and the work ethic of the team was terrific.
"Rory (Loy) started last season in the exact same fashion then picked up an injury then with Kano's (Kane Hemmings') form it was difficult for Rory to get back in. He's going to be given the opportunity."
"(Greg Stewart) got injured in training on Thursday, we thought he might be okay but we're looking hopefully at him being back Monday or Tuesday.
"He's priceless. A player of that ability. He's got a year left on his contract. I want to keep Greg Stewart but it's going to be difficult."
Ross County manager Jim McIntyre: "If we're going to give penalties for that (Jay McEvely for holding) then we're going to have a lot of penalties.
"Jay's got his hand on him but if the consistency is going to be there then we're going to be seeing a lot for that.
"If he's got a grip of his shirt and the ref spots that then you just need to suck it up.
"We're all fully aware of the rules but you see that type of thing going on in the box all the time and you don't see it punished that often.
"If there's going to be a consistency there then I've not got a problem with that."
Match ends, Ross County 1, Dundee 3.
Second Half ends, Ross County 1, Dundee 3.
Attempt saved. Rory Loy (Dundee) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Attempt blocked. Faissal El Bakhtaoui (Dundee) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Christopher Routis (Ross County) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Rory Loy (Dundee) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Christopher Routis (Ross County).
Attempt missed. Alex Schalk (Ross County) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the right from a direct free kick.
Alex Schalk (Ross County) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Nick Ross (Dundee).
Corner,  Ross County. Conceded by Kevin Holt.
Substitution, Dundee. Nick Ross replaces Michael Duffy.
Attempt missed. Christopher Routis (Ross County) right footed shot from outside the box is just a bit too high from a direct free kick.
Paul McGowan (Dundee) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Craig Curran (Ross County) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Paul McGowan (Dundee).
Attempt missed. Ian McShane (Ross County) right footed shot from outside the box is too high.
Foul by Craig Curran (Ross County).
Faissal El Bakhtaoui (Dundee) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Michael Gardyne (Ross County) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Faissal El Bakhtaoui (Dundee).
Paul Quinn (Ross County) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Rory Loy (Dundee).
Substitution, Dundee. Faissal El Bakhtaoui replaces Danny Williams.
Attempt missed. Christopher Routis (Ross County) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left.
Foul by Christopher Routis (Ross County).
Julen Etxabeguren Leanizbarrutia (Dundee) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Liam Boyce (Ross County).
Danny Williams (Dundee) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt saved. Liam Boyce (Ross County) header from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom right corner.
Goal!  Ross County 1, Dundee 3. Craig Curran (Ross County) right footed shot from very close range to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Liam Boyce following a corner.
Attempt blocked. Liam Boyce (Ross County) right footed shot from the left side of the box is blocked.
Corner,  Ross County. Conceded by Scott Bain.
Attempt saved. Michael Gardyne (Ross County) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom right corner.
Substitution, Ross County. Craig Curran replaces Brian Graham.
Danny Williams (Dundee) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Michael Gardyne (Ross County) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Danny Williams (Dundee).
Attempt saved. Liam Boyce (Ross County) header from the centre of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal.
Goal!  Ross County 0, Dundee 3. Paul McGowan (Dundee) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Rory Loy following a fast break.


The African Development Bank has just approved a Â£24.8m (KES 3.59bn, $39.8m) loan to help finance the rehabilitation of the dilapidated Kenya-Uganda railway.

The project involves upgrading the existing line between Mombasa on the Indian Ocean to the shores of Lake Victoria - the route once dubbed the "lunatic line" because of the high cost of building it both in terms of money and human life.
The total cost of the upgrade in Kenya will cost between Â£1.8bn and Â£3bn ($3bn to $5bn).
Mugo Kibati of Kenya's Vision 2030, an ambitious development plan for Kenya that aims to see annual growth rates of 10% over the next 20 years, said the new railway would play a key role in bringing that about.
The government is hoping to attract private, commercial investors. Mr Kibati is optimistic it can be done - just as it was more than 100 years ago when the original line was built by Britain, which in its day transformed the region.
The aim then was to create a route linking Mombasa to Uganda, the source of the Nile and to open up the "interior" of Africa.
Escalating costs led to enormous opposition to the railway. The work was dangerous and difficult.  At least 2,000 workers lost their lives, many of them Indian labourers imported to East Africa to build the railway.
Lt Col Patterson's contemporary account describes how malaria, dysentery and other deadly diseases, as well as accidents and wild animals all took their toll.
"Our work was soon interrupted in a rude and startling manner," he wrote.
"Two most voracious and insatiable man-eating lions appeared upon the scene and for over nine months waged an intermittent warfare against the railway and all those connected with it in the vicinity of Tsavo."
One of many victims was the unfortunate superintendent Charles Ryall, who was dragged from his carriage and killed by a lion.
See more pictures of Kenya's railways and the Lunatic Line
The lunatic line is now but a pale shadow of its former self. The old station building built by the British still stands proud in central Nairobi. But just outside the concourse, matatu taxis tout for passengers, who have largely deserted the trains.
For years the railway has been neglected, mismanaged and starved of funding.
The Kenya Railways Corporation still owns the line, but the railway itself is privately managed by Rift Valley Railways, a consortium of Kenyan, Ugandan and Egyptian companies, with technical expertise provided by a Brazilian company that took over the concession in 2005.
Just keeping the existing line functioning is a daunting task. Track is expensive to repair and maintain, and the railway has huge debts.
There have also been numerous derailments and delays in recent years, which makes me slightly nervous about our 15-hour, overnight trip to Mombasa.
Inside Nairobi station, it is like stepping into a time warp. The arrivals and departures board looks as though it hasn't been updated since I first did the journey 28 years ago.
Then trains used to run every night. Now there is only one passenger train, running three times a week in each direction.
As we pull slowly out of the station shortly after 7pm, the sun is setting behind the shacks that have sprung up all along the track.
The ticket collector tells me to close the windows and lock the doors before going to sleep. But the window doesn't shut properly, the fan doesn't work, and the lights keep going on and off.
In the restaurant car the porcelain plates have been replaced by plastic, the waiters seem tired, and the silver coffee pots are dull and battered.
Even crawling along at a top speed of 20-to-30km (12-to-18 miles) an hour, the carriage lurches and bounces so violently, eating dinner is like trying to eat and ride on a bucking horse at the same time.
Most of my fellow passengers seem to be tourists - nostalgic for the old Kenya - a time of adventure and romance, but plans for revitalising or rebuilding the railway are more concerned with trying to win back freight than passengers.
The road to the coast runs parallel with the railway for much of the route, and heavily laden trucks churn up the pot-holed tarmac, taking goods to Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Sudan, Congo and beyond.
There are plans to replace the old narrow-gauge line with a new standard gauge line over the next three to five years, with high speed trains cutting the journey time from Nairobi to Mombasa from the current 15 hours to a mere two or three.
A new commuter network in Nairobi to relieve traffic congestion is also under consideration and a new rail corridor to the north, linking a new port at Lamu in northern Kenya to Ethiopia and to Juba in oil-rich and newly independent South Sudan.
Whether the private sector will have the confidence to invest in Kenya - ranked by Transparency International as one of the most corrupt countries in the world - remains a big question.
Much of the impetus for these projects is coming from the Chinese who are already transforming and rebuilding Africa's road networks all over the continent. China is anxious about maintaining oil supplies from South Sudan.
The future of East Africa could be transformed by an efficient and modern railway system. The multi-million dollar question is whether such an ambitious project to replace the old "lunatic line" can be funded and delivered on time.
Episode one of the two part series The Lunatic Line will be on BBC Radio 4 at 11am on Monday 18 July and after on BBC iPlayer.


Premier League leaders Chelsea are a different team from the one that began the season but must stay "humble", manager Antonio Conte says.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Conte's side beat Tottenham 2-1 at Stamford Bridge to record their seventh consecutive league victory.
The win consolidated Chelsea's position at the top of the table.
"I think now we are not the same team, now we are another team. We have another type of confidence. It's important to stay humble," Conte said.
"When you win a special derby, you must be happy. We have to continue to work."
Chelsea's performance against Spurs was a stark contrast to defeats suffered against Liverpool and Arsenal, which caused them to slip as low as eighth place in September.
Conte's side have not lost in the Premier League since he switched to a 3-4-3 system, although the Italian said it was premature to discuss them as potential champions.
"It's too early to talk of the title. This league is very tough," Conte said.
"Tottenham showed in this league there are six or seven teams that can win the title."
Media playback is not supported on this device
Match-winner Victor Moses said he was happy Conte had given him the chance to prove himself.
The 25-year-old has had loans spells at Liverpool, Stoke and West Ham since joining Chelsea in 2012, but is playing regularly this season under the Italian's guidance.
"I am very pleased with the goal but the most important thing is the three points," said the Nigerian.
"I feel like I have found a home here. It's my club. I'm pleased the manager has given me a chance to express myself. I just want to keep playing my football and we are very happy with win today."
Chelsea goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois also praised Conte, adding: "We found strength inside the team and the changes of the manager helped us win the game. He's like that every session. When we do tactics, he's very passionate and demands. He keeps the team sharp."


A New Zealand court has ruled that internet entrepreneur Kim Dotcom is eligible to be extradited to the United States to face multiple charges.

Dotcom, accused of copyright infringement, racketeering and money laundering, said he will appeal.
He founded the now-defunct file-sharing site Megaupload where millions of people downloaded movies and songs.
US authorities say Dotcom and others cost film studios and record companies more than $500m (Â£322m).
But Dotcom, a German national who has been living in Auckland and describes himself as an "internet freedom fighter" on his Twitter page, has fought the case arguing that he was not responsible for the copyright infringement.
The 39-year-old, born Kim Schmitz, told reporters outside the courtroom he would fight the ruling, adding: "I'm disappointed."
Three other men, who co-founded the site with Dotcom and face similar charges, have also been ruled as eligible for extradition.
The BBC visits Kim Dotcom at his mansion
The hearing which began in September was not to determine Dotcom's guilt, but whether he should be sent to the US to be tried.
Judge Nevin Dawson told the court in Auckland that the US has a "large body of evidence" supporting the case and that the defendants "fall well short of undermining the case", reported news outlet Stuff.
After the ruling, Dotcom said on Twitter: "Thank you for your support. The fight goes on. Enjoy the holidays. I'm happy to be with my kids. There are bigger things than copyright."
A member of Dotcom's legal team, Ira Rothken, said on Twitter: "The @KimDotcom team looks forward to having the US request for extradition reviewed in the High Court."
"We believe the (district court) was wrong... Justice was not served today."
In an interview with New Zealand Herald earlier this week, Dotcom said he plans to take separate legal action in Hong Kong, where he founded Megaupload.
He said he plans to sue the Hong Kong justice department and seek more than $2bn in damages for taking down his site. Earlier this month a Hong Kong court allowed him to access some of his frozen assets held there.
"I now have the opportunity to fight back in Hong Kong and take legal action against those who have destroyed what I have built there and that means I can sue, indirectly the US government by suing the Hong Kong Department of Justice," he was quoted as saying.


Leicester is one of the most diverse cities in the UK and the largest in the East Midlands, the latest census shows.

Information from the 2011 survey shows there are 329,000 people living in the city, 24,000 more than in Nottingham, while 250,000 live in Derby.
Half of Leicester's population describe themselves as white British, compared with 80% nationally and 63.9% in 2001.
Deputy Mayor of Leicester Rory Palmer said they viewed its diversity as a major strength.
The details emerged in the latest round of information released from the 2011 census taken in March.
Leicester was widely tipped to be the first city with a minority white population but just missed out on the landmark with 50.6% describing themselves as white.
But it does have one of the lowest rates of residents who identify themselves as white British, at 45%, and the highest proportion of British Indians, at 28.3%.
Mr Palmer, deputy city mayor, said: "What it means is that we have a very diverse population and we view this as a great strength and something the city can be very proud of.
"We saw the Queen and the royal family kick off their Diamond Jubilee in March this year here in Leicester, probably because Leicester is a very real reflection of modern, vibrant, multi-cultural Britain."
While Nottingham's population remains smaller than Leicester's at 305,680 - 38,692 more than in 2001 - it does have a higher than average mixed race community.
About 6% are mixed ethnicity, with 4% white and black Caribbean.
Derby has the lowest number of ethnic minorities, with 80% of its 248,752 residents describing themselves as white.
Judith Rowbotham, a social historian at Nottingham Trent University, felt national identity was still strong: "We still see ourselves as British.
"I think we are happy with British accents - whether that is a British version of the Afro-Caribbean accent or the Brummie accent, it doesn't matter, it is all seen as British.
"It's rather like food, which has made a huge difference to how we see ourselves. We are so enthusiastic about curries or Thai food and how can you dislike a culture when you enjoy their food?"
Nottingham is the youngest city in the region, and the second youngest nationally, with an average age of 30.
Leicester follows closely with its median at 31 and Derby's is 36.  Across the East Midlands, it is 40 compared with 39 throughout England and Wales.
Worship in the region has also changed, with Christianity remaining the dominant, despite declining numbers.
Leicester has the lowest percentage of Christians of any area outside London, at just one third of the population.
But it has the highest rate of Hindus outside London, with 15% of the city describing themselves as Hindu.
In Nottingham, over a third said they had no religion and 7.6% of people did not answer the question, both the highest rate in the region.
The rate of immigration over the last decade is also shown in the census data.
In Leicester, about 53,000 people born outside the UK moved to the city, roughly the same as the number of people it grew by.
In Nottingham about 38,000 people born outside the UK moved to the city, while in Derby, the number grew by 17,849.


The health watchdog is investigating claims staff at a care firm sold sex chats while topless from their office.

The Sun published claims two women at Caremark, Walsall, were "entertaining clients" on an adult website while being paid to arrange home care.
The Care Quality Commission told the BBC "this behaviour is completely unacceptable" and inspectors will check Caremark is caring for people properly.
Caremark said it was "shocked" and was investigating the allegations.
The company arranges home care for elderly, ill and disabled adults throughout the UK, using 75 offices. The office in Walsall is understood to be part of the company's Wolverhampton franchise.
The Sun newspaper named two women it alleged were using anonymous online profiles to attract clients on the adult website. The paper said they were charging Â£1.49 a minute to show their bodies and perform sex acts.
Andrea Sutcliffe, the CQC's chief inspector of adult social care, said: "In light of this new information I have asked my inspectors to look into the matter further to ensure that people are being properly looked after - which is what staff employed by Caremark are paid to do."
Kevin Lewis, chief executive of Caremark, said the incident appeared to have taken place in an administration office and an investigation was under way.
He said: "We are shocked at the alleged actions of two members of staff employed by the Wolverhampton franchisee. I have spoken to the owner to understand what has happened and what actions have been taken.
"At no time was the care of clients put at risk as the services provided by Caremark are delivered at the clients' home."
Chris Williams, owner of the Caremark franchise involved in the allegations, said he was "shocked and surprised".
"This is clearly not the kind of behaviour we would tolerate in our business," he said.
"I am undertaking a full investigation into the circumstances of the incident and we are currently speaking to all those involved."


Work building a new town in East Lothian will begin early next year after councillors approved the first phase of houses.

Blindwells, next to the A1, is a site near Prestonpans, Cockenzie and Port Seton.
Plans for 1,600 houses makes Blindwells one of the largest residential developments to be given the go-ahead in Scotland in recent years.
Developers are planning 480 affordable homes on the site.
The proposals include a mix of uses including 25 acres of employment land that will bring more than 100 jobs to Blindwells, a new primary school, and in the longer term a High School, a new park and ride, a site for a new rail halt, playing fields and more than 10 miles of paths through the parkland and open space.
Hargreaves, which owns the site, has been working on the project with East Lothian Council since 2013.
Iain Slater, development and estates director for Hargreaves, said: "We are obviously delighted that East Lothian Council has approved our application and we look forward to starting the construction work soon.
"I would like to thank East Lothian Council for its co-operation in helping realise the original vision for a new community at Blindwells.
"East Lothian is one of the most attractive places to live in the UK, and Hargreaves has worked hard to ensure that we create a high quality new community of which the council and residents can be proud."
Long term plans for the site include 3,200 homes built over 15 years.


(Close): The FTSE 100 fell, weighed down by disappointing results from Aberdeen Asset Management, while Pearson rose on the FT's takeover.

Pearson shares climbed 2.1% after it said it will sell the Financial Times Group to Japanese media firm Nikkei.
The FTSE 100 index was 12.33 points lower at 6,655.01 at the close.
Shares in Unilever rose 1.6% after the food and cosmetics giant reported a better-than-expected 2.9% rise in second quarter underlying sales.
B&Q owner Kingfisher also climbed 2% after it reported a pick-up in sales growth over the past 10 weeks.
Aberdeen Asset Management was the biggest loser on the FTSE 100, dropping 7.6% after investors withdrew Â£9.9bn from its funds in the second quarter.
The company blamed the fall on worries over the stock market swings in China, and the increasing prospects of a US rate rise.
Energy firm SSE fell 5% after saying its retail business was expected to report lower profits this year.
Outside the FTSE 100, shares in Daily Mail and General Trust sank 8.7% after the publisher said full-year results would be at the lower end of expectations because of a "marked deterioration" in the UK print advertising market.
Shares in baby goods retailer Mothercare fell 5.9% after it reported a slowdown in sales growth.
It said trading in its international division - which has been its more profitable side in recent years - had been "more volatile", with consumer confidence hit in some markets.
Meanwhile, like-for-like sales in the UK rose 1.3% in the second quarter, compared with 5.1% growth in the first.
On the currency markets, the pound fell after UK retail sales figures for June came in weaker than expected.
Sterling dropped 0.6% against the dollar to $1.5518 and fell 1% against the euro to â‚¬1.4144.


David McNally's resignation as chief executive has "destabilised" Norwich City, says club chairman Ed Balls.

McNally announced his resignation after their loss to Manchester United on left them four points from safety.
"Nobody expected after [Sunday's] Manchester United game we would lose our chief executive," Balls said.
"It's been very destabilising to the club. But we've got to make sure going forward the football club keeps going from strength to strength."
He told BBC Radio Norfolk: "What happened after the Manchester United game, David McNally resigned verbally, then in writing, then on Twitter. It came out of the blue for all of us.
Media playback is not supported on this device
"The directors had a discussion over the course of Sunday and decided with great regret to accept that resignation."
McNally had been at Carrow Road since 2009 when the club were in League One.
Successive promotions took them into the Premier League, and four of the last five season have been in the top flight.
But with two games to go, the Canaries are four points behind 17th-placed Sunderland, who could secure their top-flight status with a win over Everton on Wednesday.
Whatever their fate, Canaries boss Alex Neil appears likely to keep his job.
"Alex Neil is one of the best managers in British football. He's got our 100% support for this week and also in the coming months as we deal for next season," said Balls.
"But clearly it's been messy. When there's speculation all over the place, the board has to stand back and ask what's happened and what's our responsibility?"
Neil admitted he would examine his own contribution if Norwich are relegated.
Speaking at a news conference ahead of Wednesday's match, Neil said: "At the end of the season I'll be judging how I've performed, how other people have performed and I'm pretty sure people will be judging me. That's normal in the Premier League."


Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump has rejected fresh claims of sexual assault, saying they are part of a plot to damage his campaign.

"It's not hard to find a small handful of people willing to make false smears," he told a rally on Friday.
Two new accusations came from an ex-Apprentice contestant who cited a 2007 incident and a woman who described a case from the early 1990s.
Polls suggest Mr Trump is losing ground in some of the key battleground states.
During the rally in North Carolina, the Republican candidate said the accusations were "sick" and false, and driven by fame, money or politics.
"Or for the simple reason they want to stop our movement, they want to stop our campaign. Very simple," he told the crowd.
He added: "These claims defy reason, truth, logic, common sense. They are made without supporting witnesses.
"When the media does what they're doing now, that's rigging the system... The election is rigged."
Saying he was ignoring his own advisers by commenting on the allegations, he suggested that he would never have been attracted to Jessica Leeds, one of this accusers.
"Believe me, she would not be my first choice, that I can tell you."
One of the new allegations involves Kristin Anderson, who told the Washington Post the property mogul touched her through her underwear at a Manhattan nightspot in the 1990s.
Ms Anderson, now 46, said she was "very grossed out and weirded out".
She added: "It wasn't a sexual come-on. I don't know why he did it. It was like just to prove that he could do it, and nothing would happen.
The newspaper said it had approached Ms Anderson after learning of her story through a third party, and she had spent several days deciding whether to go public.
Mr Trump's spokeswoman, Hope Hicks, said in a statement emailed to the Washington Post: "Mr Trump strongly denies this phony allegation by someone looking to get some free publicity. It is totally ridiculous."
Meanwhile, Summer Zervos, who was a contestant on season five of The Apprentice in 2006, said the businessman forced himself on her at a Los Angeles hotel and began "thrusting his genitals".
She had been invited by him to discuss job opportunities.
Ms Zervos, 41, told an emotional news conference in Los Angeles that she met him in 2007 in a bungalow at the Beverly Hills Hotel, where the businessman greeted her by kissing her on the mouth.
She said he asked her to sit next to him on a sofa where he "grabbed my shoulder and began kissing me again very aggressively and placed his hand on my breast".
Ms Zervos fought back tears as she said Mr Trump attempted to lead her into the bedroom and "began thrusting his genitals", even as she fended off his advances.
She was flanked during the press conference by well-known lawyer Gloria Allred, who has previously represented alleged sexual assault victims of entertainer Bill Cosby.
At the time of the alleged assault, Mr Trump was newly married to his third and current wife, Melania Trump.
Who is ahead in the polls?
48%
Hillary Clinton
44%
Donald Trump
Last updated October 10, 2016
Ms Zervos said she was spurred to come forward after Mr Trump denied during last Sunday's presidential debate ever having committed sexual assault.
He rebutted the suggestion on national television as he was asked about a leaked recording from 2005 in which he is heard bragging that he can force himself on women because he is a star.
Meanwhile, his campaign presented a British man who disputed the account of Ms Leeds, now 74. She alleged that when she was 38, Mr Trump groped her on a flight to New York, acting "like an octopus".
The New York Post reported that Anthony Gilberthorpe contacted Mr Trump's campaign to counter the claim. In an interview with the paper he said: "I was there, I was in a position to know that what she said was wrong, wrong, wrong."
Mr Gilberthorpe made headlines in 2014 when he alleged that he had provided underage boys to British politicians for sex parties.


The sudden death of former Apprentice star Stuart Baggs was caused by an asthma attack, police have said.

The 27-year-old's body was found after officers were called to his Isle of Man home on 30 July.
Insp Iain MacMillan said: "Mr Baggs had suffered from asthma for many years and died as a result of his condition."
Police have informed the coroner that the Plymouth-born entrepreneur died from "natural causes".
Insp McKillop said: "From the reaction we have encountered during our enquiries, it is clear that this is a tragic and premature loss of such a hardworking and visionary young man.
"We extend our thoughts to the family at this sad time and on their behalf I would request that they are now left in peace to grieve."
Baggs lived in the Isle of Man for most of his life and ran a telecommunications company.
When he was aged 21 in 2010, he became the youngest ever candidate to appear on the BBC One show The Apprentice.
Baggs, who was fired in the semi-final, became famous for his one-liners which included "Everything I touch turns to sold" and "I'm Stuart Baggs the brand".
He was found dead by police after they were called to his home on Central Promenade in Douglas, at 09:00 BST last Thursday.
Source:NHS website