Robert Lewandowski produced a striker's masterclass as he scored four goals against Real Madrid in a commanding Champions League semi-final first-leg victory for Borussia Dortmund.

The Poland striker volleyed in Mario Gotze's cross at the back post early on before Cristiano Ronaldo tapped in.
Lewandowski collected Marco Reus's shot to poke in past Diego Lopez and crashed home a 12-yard strike for a hat-trick.
The 24-year-old converted his fourth from the spot, after Reus was fouled.
With his contract due to expire at the end of next season, the forward has been a reported summer target for Manchester United and Bayern Munich.
And his value will increase no end after he became the first player to score four times in a Champions League semi-final.
His ruthless display of finishing continued Dortmund's 100% European home record this season and leaves Real Madrid with a mountainous task to reach the final at Wembley in May.
It also showed more evidence of a shift towards German dominance of Europe, only 24 hours after Bayern Munich beat Barcelona 4-0 in their semi-final first leg.
Bayern's thrashing of Barca came on the same day they announced a £31.5m deal for Gotze, but Dortmund's response was an energetic display that left them on the verge of a first Champions League final appearance since 1997.
Boss Jurgen Klopp had issued a rallying call to the club's fans urging them to be positive in their support despite the Gotze development.
And the effervescent coach received a similarly rousing performance from his team as they set off at a blistering pace and could have been a goal up a minute before Lewandowski's opener.
Reus, who was a constant thorn in the Real Madrid side, took on the visiting defence but his shot was saved by Diego Lopez, with Lewandowski failing to tuck in the rebound.
The Pole made amends after eight minutes when he shook off the attentions of Pepe to steer in Gotze's delicious cross at the back post.
This was Real's third consecutive Champions League semi-final under boss Jose Mourinho, having lost the previous two, and the game's pattern looked ominous for his side as  Dortmund tore into them at every opportunity with Sven Bender quick to dispossess his opponents in midfield.
The Spanish side were limited to shots from Ronaldo and Xabi Alonso, but the game appeared to have turned in the space of a minute just before the break.
Reus again bore down on the Real back line and looked like he was tripped in the penalty area by Raphael Varane, yet referee Bjorn Kuipers waved the German's appeals away.
The visitors then pounced as Mats Hummels' poor back pass let Gonzalo Higuain break free of the defence, and his cross allowed Ronaldo a simple tap in for his 50th Champions League goal.
Dortmund replied with the resolve that has won them new fans this season. They regained the lead five minutes after the break as Lewandowski latched onto Reus's shot to put the hosts back in control.
More impressive was his third goal five minutes later. It came from another mis-hit shot, this time from left-back Marcel Schmelzer, whose effort cut across the penalty area, but the Polish striker took a touch to kill the ball, dragged it out of Pepe's reach and smashed an unstoppable shot into the top corner.
Echoes of Bayern's pummelling of Barcelona on Tuesday were already in mind and it got worse for Mourinho's side as Xabi Alonso bundled Reus over in the penalty area, with Lewandowski making no mistake from the spot.
Ronaldo went close to pulling another goal back but Roman Weidenfeller was quick off his line to thwart the Portuguese forward on a deflating night for the Spanish league champions.
Full Time   The referee blows his whistle to end the game.
Garcia Sergio Ramos is penalised for handball and concedes a free kick.
Outswinging corner taken from the left by-line by Ricardo Kaka. Raphael Varane produces a  left-footed shot from deep inside the penalty area which goes wide of the left-hand post.
Centre by Angel Di Maria, blocked by Neven  Subotic.
Direct free kick taken by Mats Hummels.
Booking      Garcia Sergio Ramos is shown a yellow card.
Garcia Sergio Ramos concedes a free kick for a foul on Sven Bender.
Rodriguez Diego Lopez restarts play with the free kick.
Substitution      Julian Schieber comes on in place of IIkay Gundogan.
The referee blows for offside.
Cristiano Ronaldo takes a shot. Save by Roman Weidenfeller.
Free kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Marco Reus by Mesut Ozil. Free kick taken by IIkay Gundogan.
Outswinging corner taken right-footed by Mario Gotze from the right by-line, clearance made by Raphael Varane.
Mario Gotze restarts play with the free kick.
Substitution      Lukasz Piszczek goes off and Kevin Grosskreutz comes on.
Substitution      Sebastian Kehl comes on in place of Jakub Blaszczykowski.
Foul by Alexandre Fabio Coentrao on Jakub Blaszczykowski, free kick awarded.
Garcia Sergio Ramos delivers the ball, comfortable save by Roman Weidenfeller.
Substitution      Ricardo Kaka replaces Xabi Alonso.
Angel Di Maria delivers the ball, Mats Hummels gets a block in.
Corner taken by Mario Gotze from the right by-line, clearance by Raphael Varane.
Robert Lewandowski takes a shot from 25 yards. Brilliant save by Rodriguez Diego Lopez.
The referee blows for offside against Marco Reus.  Garcia Sergio Ramos takes the direct free kick.
Free kick awarded for a foul by Alexandre Fabio Coentrao on Jakub Blaszczykowski. Free kick taken by Roman Weidenfeller.
The ball is delivered by Sami Khedira, save by Roman Weidenfeller.
Unfair challenge on Jakub Blaszczykowski by Mesut Ozil results in a free kick. Mario Gotze crosses the ball in from the free kick, clearance made by Sami Khedira.
The ball is delivered by Angel Di Maria.
Centre by Xabi Alonso, Sven Bender makes a clearance.
Xabi Alonso restarts play with the free kick.
Booking      The referee books Robert Lewandowski for unsporting behaviour.
Garcia Sergio Ramos fouled by Robert Lewandowski, the ref awards a free kick.
Centre by Marco Reus.
Cristiano Ronaldo is ruled offside. Roman Weidenfeller takes the direct free kick.
Substitution      Gonzalo Higuain leaves the field to be replaced by Karim Benzema.
Substitution      Angel Di Maria replaces Luka Modric.
Assist on the goal came from Marco Reus.
Goal!  - Robert Lewandowski -    B Dortmund 4 - 1 R Madrid        Robert Lewandowski scores a power penalty. Borussia Dortmund 4-1 Real Madrid.
Xabi Alonso concedes a Penalty for a foul on Marco Reus.
Luka Modric takes the inswinging corner, Close range header by Cristiano Ronaldo goes wide of the left-hand post.
Free kick crossed left-footed by Mesut Ozil from right channel, clearance made by Neven  Subotic.
Booking      Booking for Mesut Ozil for dissent.
Foul by Marcel Schmelzer on Mesut Ozil, free kick awarded.
Sven Bender challenges Alexandre Fabio Coentrao unfairly and gives away a free kick. Free kick crossed by Xabi Alonso. Garcia Sergio Ramos is flagged offside by the assistant referee. Free kick taken by Roman Weidenfeller.
Jakub Blaszczykowski takes a shot. Kleper Pepe gets a block in.
Corner taken by Marco Reus from the right by-line.
IIkay Gundogan takes a shot. Save by Rodriguez Diego Lopez.
The referee blows for offside against Gonzalo Higuain.  Roman Weidenfeller takes the direct free kick.
Sami Khedira crosses the ball.
Cristiano Ronaldo sends in a cross, Mats Hummels makes a clearance.
Luka Modric takes a shot. Roman Weidenfeller makes a save.
Jakub Blaszczykowski concedes a free kick for a foul on Gonzalo Higuain. Direct free kick taken by Gonzalo Higuain.
The ball is delivered by Jakub Blaszczykowski.
The assist for the goal came from Marcel Schmelzer.
Goal!  - Robert Lewandowski -    B Dortmund 3 - 1 R Madrid        Robert Lewandowski finds the net with a goal from inside the penalty area to the top right corner of the goal. Borussia Dortmund 3-1 Real Madrid.
Mats Hummels takes the direct free kick.
Booking      Booking for Sami Khedira.
Free kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Marco Reus by Sami Khedira.
Effort from deep inside the area by Jakub Blaszczykowski clears the bar.
The assist for the goal came from Marco Reus.
Goal!  - Robert Lewandowski -    B Dortmund 2 - 1 R Madrid        A goal is scored by Robert Lewandowski from close range to the bottom right corner of the goal. Borussia Dortmund 2-1 Real Madrid.
The ball is swung over by Lukasz Piszczek, Sami Khedira manages to make a clearance.
Inswinging corner taken right-footed by Marco Reus from the left by-line, save by Rodriguez Diego Lopez.
Free kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Marco Reus by Garcia Sergio Ramos. Marcel Schmelzer takes the free kick.
Robert Lewandowski is caught offside. Kleper Pepe takes the free kick.
The referee starts the second half.
Half Time    The referee calls an end to the first half.
Mats Hummels fouled by Mesut Ozil, the ref awards a free kick. Direct free kick taken by Mats Hummels.
The ball is crossed by Mesut Ozil.
Robert Lewandowski gives away a free kick for an unfair challenge on Mesut Ozil. Garcia Sergio Ramos takes the direct free kick.
Assist by Gonzalo Higuain.
Goal!  - Cristiano Ronaldo -    B Dortmund 1 - 1 R Madrid        Goal scored by Cristiano Ronaldo from close range to the bottom left corner of the goal. Borussia Dortmund 1-1 Real Madrid.
Xabi Alonso takes a shot. Neven  Subotic gets a block in.
Cristiano Ronaldo sends in a cross.
Alexandre Fabio Coentrao produces a cross.
Gonzalo Higuain produces a cross.
A cross is delivered by Garcia Sergio Ramos, clearance made by Neven  Subotic.
Mario Gotze delivers the ball, clearance by Alexandre Fabio Coentrao.
Robert Lewandowski challenges Kleper Pepe unfairly and gives away a free kick. Xabi Alonso takes the free kick.
Neven  Subotic concedes a free kick for a foul on Alexandre Fabio Coentrao. Xabi Alonso crosses the ball in from the free kick, Roman Weidenfeller makes a save.
Alexandre Fabio Coentrao fouled by Marco Reus, the ref awards a free kick. Xabi Alonso crosses the ball from the free kick right-footed from left wing.
Lukasz Piszczek challenges Cristiano Ronaldo unfairly and gives away a free kick. Free kick crossed right-footed by Xabi Alonso from left wing, Mats Hummels makes a clearance.
IIkay Gundogan has an effort at goal from outside the area missing to the wide right of the goal.
Sven Bender handles the ball and concedes a free kick. Cristiano Ronaldo fires a strike on goal direct from the free kick, save by Roman Weidenfeller.
Sven Bender gives away a free kick for an unfair challenge on Cristiano Ronaldo. Luka Modric restarts play with the free kick.
Gonzalo Higuain is flagged offside by the assistant referee. Direct free kick taken by Mats Hummels.
Cristiano Ronaldo delivers the ball, Mats Hummels makes a clearance.
Mario Gotze produces a cross, clearance made by Garcia Sergio Ramos.
Foul by Marcel Schmelzer on Garcia Sergio Ramos, free kick awarded. Free kick taken by Garcia Sergio Ramos.
Unfair challenge on Lukasz Piszczek by Cristiano Ronaldo results in a free kick. IIkay Gundogan takes the free kick.
Foul by Sami Khedira on IIkay Gundogan, free kick awarded. Direct free kick taken by Mats Hummels.
Gonzalo Higuain is ruled offside. Roman Weidenfeller restarts play with the free kick.
Free kick awarded for an unfair challenge on Robert Lewandowski by Garcia Sergio Ramos. Marco Reus crosses the ball from the free kick right-footed from left wing, clearance by Garcia Sergio Ramos.
Assist by Mario Gotze.
Goal!  - Robert Lewandowski -    B Dortmund 1 - 0 R Madrid        Robert Lewandowski grabs a goal from close in to the bottom right corner of the goal. Borussia Dortmund 1-0 Real Madrid.
Shot from 6 yards by Robert Lewandowski. Raphael Varane gets a block in.
Marco Reus takes a shot. Save made by Rodriguez Diego Lopez.
Foul by Sami Khedira on IIkay Gundogan, free kick awarded. Direct free kick taken by Marco Reus.
Marcel Schmelzer delivers the ball, Raphael Varane makes a clearance.
The ref blows the whistle to start the match.
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Actress Kate Winslet has said the 14-year age difference between her and her younger male co-star in new film The Dressmaker "just didn't occur" to her.

"I never really thought about the age thing," the British star told the BBC. "I don't let those things bother me."
Actor Liam Hemsworth recently admitted qualms about accepting the role, saying he felt he was "possibly too young".
Director Jocelyn Moorhouse, meanwhile, has called the Australian's casting "a cheeky challenge" to audiences.
"It's so often the other way around," she said, referring to the more common trope of pairing an older male actor with a younger female co-star.
"I thought: 'I'm a woman director - I'm going to turn it around.' There are plenty of cases when younger men fall in love with older women, especially when they look like Kate."
Moorhouse, whose previous films include How to Make an American Quilt, made her comments during a visit last month to the Busan International Film Festival in South Korea.
Set in 1950s Australia, The Dressmaker tells of a seamstress who returns to her rural home town to investigate the tragic circumstances that led to her being banished as a child.
With the exception of Hemsworth's character, a handsome local farmer, her former neighbours view her return with suspicion, even when she tries to win them over with her dressmaking skills.
Though generally comic, the film's story - based on that of a debut novel by Rosalie Ham - takes some dark detours en route to a pyrotechnic conclusion.
"If there's one message, it would be 'don't underestimate a woman'," said Moorhouse, adding she was drawn to the project by its "gallows humour".
"I feel very fortunate to be a part of a film which has so much humour, is surprisingly touching and has lots of twist and turns," said Winslet, best known for such films as Titanic, Iris and Sense and Sensibility.
Yet the Oscar-winning actress, who turned 40 in October, was less effusive when asked to address the apparent double standard that exists in relation to male and female actors of a comparable age.
Actress Maggie Gyllenhaal, 37, recently revealed she had been turned down for a role opposite a 55-year-old man because she was considered "too old" to play his romantic partner.
It was also considered radical by some that 47-year-old Daniel Craig should have a romantic dalliance in new James Bond film Spectre - directed by Winslet's former husband Sam Mendes - with Monica Bellucci, an actress three years Craig's senior.
Reese Witherspoon, 39, recently joked about the "Hollywood standards" that would probably demand she played the grandmother of Amy Schumer in a film about the 34-year-old comedienne's life.
Winslet, however, declined to be drawn on the issue, despite having claim to being no less marginalised. (Jim Carrey, for example, was a dozen years her senior when they played romantic partners in 2004 film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.)
"My 15-year-old daughter said to me the other day: 'Mum, do you realise that Liam Hemsworth is closer in age to me than he is to you?'" she told BBC News. "I just thought: 'Cool!'
"I think it's such a big debate and it's probably quite dangerous for me to comment because it will be taken and blown up as these things do tend to be.
"With something like that, you can't change that ever-evolving discussion. It doesn't matter what I say, what you think, what the next person thinks - it is the way it is.
"I just don't let those things bother me and try to only focus on things that I think really do matter."
Winslet, who can also be seen in cinemas this month in Danny Boyle's film about Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, displayed similar reticence recently when asked to comment on Hollywood's gender pay gap.
"I'm quite surprised by these conversations to be honest, simply because it seems quite a strange thing to be discussing out in the open like that," she told Radio 1's Newsbeat.
"I am a very lucky woman and I'm quite happy with how things are ticking along."
The Dressmaker, which also stars Judy Davis, Kerry Fox and Hugo Weaving, is out in the UK on 20 November.


After an unbelievable year Johanna Konta is one of the favourites to win the Wimbledon 2017 ladies title.

13 July 2017 Last updated at 08:01 BST
She's now through to the semi final of the competition.
But this may not be an easy win as Konta faces five-time Wimbledon Champion Venus Williams,
Let's see how they stack up, stats wise.


A gas fitter caused the deaths of his partner and her 10-year-old daughter by using a generator to heat their boat while carbon monoxide sensors were disabled, prosecutors claim.

Matthew Eteson is on trial at Preston Crown Court for the manslaughter by gross negligence of Kelly Webster, 36, and Lauren Thornton.
The pair died in their sleep aboard a boat on Windermere in April 2013.
Mr Eteson, 42, from Hale in Greater Manchester, denies the charge.
The family had gone to the Lake District for the Easter bank holiday weekend to celebrate a friend's birthday.
But on the afternoon of 1 April, Mr Eteson removed the generator from the deck and used it to power a 1kW fan heater to heat the sleeping quarter, prosecutor Mr Graham Reeds QC said.
The court was told that there had been no warning to the build-up of the toxic gas because the carbon monoxide sensors had previously been disabled.
Mr Reeds said the mother and daughter, both from Leyland in Lancashire, were found dead in their sleeping positions aboard the the second-hand Bayliner 285 motor cruiser Arniston, with fatal levels of carbon monoxide in their bodies.
Mr Eteson, who had been sleeping in a separate compartment further away from the generator also succumbed to the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning but did awake to find the bodies.
The court also heard Mr Eteson, a qualified gas fitter, had made some amendments to the generator and its exhaust, which experts subsequently deemed to be "dangerous".
Ms Webster's mother, Nia Webster, had previously asked Mr Eteson about carbon monoxide sensors.
He told her they were not working and his partner would unplug a portable detector whenever she was cooking.
The trial continues.


University applications have fallen by 5% - with the decline driven by a drop in European Union students and a sharp fall in nursing applications.

Fees in England are rising again, and it is the first fall in UK applications since fees were last increased in 2012.
The Royal College of Nursing blamed the 23% drop in nursing applications on the removal of bursaries.
Universities Minister Jo Johnson said that despite the overall drop, more 18-year-olds were applying to university.
These Ucas admissions figures, up to the January deadline for courses starting in the autumn, show a 5% drop in UK students and 7% drop in students from the European Union - with a total of about 564,000.
Universities have been warning about the impact of Brexit on their finances if European applications fall and these figures show a significant decline in candidates from the EU.
There has also been a decline in UK students applying - and like the two previous occasions when applications have fallen - this has been when fees are being increased.
The fall in applications in England of 6% has been three times greater than in Scotland at 2%, which remains without tuition fees.
Applications from Wales fell most, by 7%, and Northern Ireland by 5%.
Nursing had the biggest fall of any individual subject, and Janet Davies, general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, blamed this on the switch from grants to fees and loans.
"We warned the government the removal of student funding would see a sharp drop in nursing applications. These figures confirm our worst fears," said Ms Davies.
She said the "nursing workforce is in crisis".
But there were drops across other subjects - particularly among older students not applying directly from school.
Among 19-year-olds, numbers were down 9%. And among 25-year-olds, applications were down 23%.
But among 18-year-olds, such as sixth-formers applying from school, numbers have continued to rise to record levels, up to 37% of the age group.
And there could be an upside for those who are seeking places - with universities likely to be competing to attract students.
Ucas chief Mary Curnock Cook said this "tough recruitment environment for universities" would mean "unprecedented choice and opportunity for applicants".
Sorana Vieru, vice-president of the National Union of Students, said the fall in applicants was "disappointing, but not a surprise".
"Uncertainty around increases in tuition fees, loss of maintenance grants and the rising costs of living and studying at university are too much of a risk to some potential students," she said.
Labour's shadow universities minister, Gordon Marsden, said: "We warned the government at Christmas their sneaked-out tuition fee increases and the accompanying increased debts would have damaging impacts on students and their numbers."
Universities Minister Jo Johnson said: "More young people than ever are choosing to go to university, with record application rates for 18-year-olds this year as well as those from disadvantaged backgrounds."


US prosecutors have dropped a case against a man accused of using a child porn site because the government refused to divulge how it revealed his identity.

The Playpen site was located on the Tor network which is used to anonymise web-browsing activity.
The FBI found a way around this to reveal the users' real IP addresses and led to 200 prosecutions.
But it refused to reveal to the court how it managed the feat.
The site was located on the Tor network which many people use to browse the web anonymously. It conceals their location and identity by routing their connections through a chain of different computers and encrypting data in the process.
To get round this the FBI used what it called "network investigative techniques" and revealed people's identities.
But it refused a request for information on its technological investigation techniques.
Federal prosecutor Annette Hayes wrote in a court filing on Friday that "because the government remains unwilling to disclose certain discovery related to the FBI's deployment of a 'network investigative technique'" it was "deprived of the evidence needed to establish defendant Jay Michaud's guilt beyond reasonable doubt".
The government's Motion to Dismiss order is pending before the court and the judge is expected to sign a dismissal order "within the next day or two", the assistant public defender Colin Fieman told the BBC.
Mr Michaud's case is one of many emerging from the investigation into Playpen users.
In December, the Assistant Attorney General Leslie Caldwell said the investigation of Playpen led to more than 200 active prosecutions and the identification or rescue of at least 49 American children who were subject to sexual abuse.
In January, Michael Fluckiger was sentenced to 20 years in jail for running the Playpen site.
Once the site's administrators had been arrested, the FBI kept the site going for 13 days to gather information about members.


Thousands of Hewlett Packard printer ink cartridges are believed to be washing up on beaches around Britain and Europe after being lost at sea more than a year ago.

The cartridges have been found along the UK's south and west coasts, as well as the Irish Republic, France, Portugal, the Azores, and the Hebrides.
Conservationists say any plastic in the sea presents a hazard for wildlife.
HP says it is finalising a financial donation to help the clean-up.
It comes after thousands of bright pink plastic detergent bottles washed up on beaches in Cornwall earlier this week, likely to be the result of an unrelated loss of cargo at sea.
Beachcomber Tracey Williams, who lives in Newquay, first found the printer cartridges last summer.
"I started finding them on Perranporth Beach, and thought it was a bit odd, but I'm in touch with several beachcombing groups elsewhere and they started reporting them too," she said.
She then began tracking reports of their discovery using her Facebook page.
"Patterns started emerging. We've only been recording them for the last month or so, but now that word has spread we're getting daily reports - people finding eight or 10 at a time.
"What has been mapped so far is just what we know about. There must be many more out there. We had a report this week of 100 being found on another island in the Azores.
"I would imagine there are thousands washing up or something like that. I and other beachcombers think what has been reported so far is just the tip of the iceberg."
Ms Williams has previously been contacted by a man in the remote Flores Island, part of the Azores island chain in the Atlantic, who says he began finding HP cartridges on its shores at the start of 2014.
The highest concentration of cartridge finds that Ms Williams has recorded so far is in Cornwall, Devon and Dorset. Many have also washed up at County Kerry in the Irish Republic.
Ms Williams has previously tracked washed-up Lego pieces which were lost in a container spill in 1997.
"The whole business of container spills is very difficult. No company wants it to happen. But who's going to pick up the pieces? It's usually left to beachcombers and conservation groups," she said.
"If HP donate a decent sum to help with the clean-up then I'd welcome that."
HP said in a statement that the cartridge spill was the result of an Atlantic storm more than a year ago, where a number of cartridges were lost at sea. It also says it is "unable to provide details on the number of cartridges or exact location" of their loss.
It added: "Based on global standards, we can confirm there is no risk to sea life from the ink as it is water based.
"We are in the process of setting up a fund in partnership with the Marine Conservation Society to support the collection of the cartridges and very much appreciate the support of the local beach cleaning organisations and individuals who have been doing so."
The company was finalising details of a donation, a spokeswoman added.
HP has set up a free phone line and email recycling service, for anyone who finds a cartridge on a beach, adding that it is "committed to collecting and recycling the products as quickly and efficiently as possible".
It has not indicated how much it will donate towards any clean-up operation.
For the United Kingdom
Requests should be made to 0800 0969766 or ukoperations@erp-recycling.org
For the Irish Republic
Requests should be made to 1800 848 859 or info@erpcollect.ie
Oceanographer Curt Ebbesmeyer believes the pattern of the washed-up cartridges indicates a spill in the Gulf Stream with a split in the flotsam, one part heading south to the Azores, the other splitting off to the north towards the UK, and possibly on to Norway and into the Arctic.
He also estimates that the number of cartridges lost is about 370,000, based on the dimensions of a 40-foot container.
"Beachcombers usually report some 3% of flotsam released at mid-ocean, so you might expect reports of some 10,000 cartridges," he added.
Laura Foster, of the Marine Conservation Society, says plastic in the sea breaks down into smaller pieces and is ingested by marine life, which mistakes it for food.
She says studies have shown that up to 52% of sea turtles may have ingested various debris, and 95% of northern fulmar birds in the North Sea had plastic in their stomachs.
"We advocate that containers on ships are properly fastened and secured, and hope there's a fast response from companies when containers are lost at sea.
"It's not their direct fault, but it is important that companies look at cleaning it up."


The Heights Bar in Loughinisland, where six men were shot dead 22 years ago, is still owned by the same family today.

Hugh O'Toole, who runs the bar, was in Romania the night loyalist gunmen opened fire on the rural pub in June 1994.
"I didn't know until the Sunday morning, late Sunday morning when we got the word through - no mobile phones or nothing then," he said.
His son, Aidan, who was serving in the bar on the night, was shot but survived.
Frances O'Toole, Aidan's mother, was also present.
"My daughter had got a phone call to say come down at once, that there had been a shooting and we knew my son was behind the bar working as Hugh was away in Romania doing charity work and we just came down," she said.
"We weren't even allowed in but we could see the bodies lying on the floor. But it was all cordoned off by the time we got down."
Frances could see that her son was injured but alive.
"He was able to walk out and had a word with us at the front door. He was heavily bandaged at the time where he got shot in the kidney and then he was taken away to hospital," she said.
"We got through to my husband that night or early the next morning and he just came home and was back here on Monday morning."
Hugh said the bar is still a place of great significance to the people of Loughinisland.
But he added: "A lot of them who come in here - young ones now - don't really realise what happened.
"They don't remember. Some of the lads who come in here now were only children at the time."
The Heights Bar closed for several months following the shooting, but Frances explained that the local community asked the O'Toole family to reopen it.
"We closed down for a few months and then they all said: 'No, don't let this beat you Hugh - just open again'. For they all wanted it," she said.
"It was the only thing in the village they had. So, he opened it again after thinking long about it."
Hugh said the already tight-knit community rallied around each other in the wake of the atrocity: "They've stuck together through it all," he said.
Responding to the police ombudsman's announcement on Thursday that there was collusion between some police officers and loyalist gunmen who carried out the attack, Hugh said the community "waited a long time for it".
"We all knew it was the truth," said Hugh. "It was a long time coming out. The then secretary of state sat outside the door there. He says: 'We'll not leave a stone unturned'.
"There was a whole lot of stones never turned over and we're only finding it out now."
Hugh believes the news will make a "big difference" to the families of the victims.
"It'll bring a wee bit of closure. At least they know they were right all along."
His wife Frances said it will also make a difference for Aidan.
"He suffered badly too, with what he seen - he attended to all the injured here that night before he was taken to hospital, so I think it'll maybe help his case a bit," she said.
On Thursday local people were going about their business as usual in Loughinisland, Hugh said.
"There was a few called in last night when they heard, you know, and now it's just back to normal again. Get the lads coming in having a few drinks after work. That's the normal run of life about here."


Jawbone has said that it will begin deliveries of its top-end UP3 fitness tracker from 20 April, four months later than originally promised.

The US firm added that the device would not be fully waterproof as first advertised, just "splash-proof".
Many people who had pre-ordered the wristband had complained on social media about the firm's failure to explain the delay fully until now.
The delay has lost the firm sales to rivals such as Fitbit and Misfit.
"When we announced UP3 late last year we were confident we would start mass production of the device and begin shipping within a few weeks of the announcement," the company said on its blog.
"However, as we began to scale our manufacturing process it became clear that, while most units passed our high quality bar, a proportion did not.
"Specifically, we were not achieving the level of water resistance we had passed in the design and initial production stages.
"We would like to apologise to customers who may have pre-ordered UP3 on the basis that it would be suitable for swimming. Customers who wish to cancel their pre-order will, of course, be able to do so with no charge."
Until now, the only explanation the firm had given for the delay was in an interview chief executive Hosain Rahman gave Fortune magazine in January, in which he blamed a "sealing" problem.
The same article had noted that Jawbone's manufacturing partner Flextronics had recently sued it for breach of contract, describing the fitness firm's financial position as "perilous".
The case was ultimately settled out of court.
A subsequent report in February by the Financial Times suggested Jawbone's finances were "deteriorating" as it sought out new investors, causing some to question if the UP3 would ever be released.
But the firm has said the device is now in "mass production" and that it would start deliveries to customers who had pre-ordered on 20 April.
Customers should receive the bands no later than mid-May, Jawbone added.
Posts to the firm's own community forum and Facebook page, however, suggest that a significant number of users had already cancelled their bookings.
"I have lost all faith in Jawbone and their communications," wrote one.
This is not the first time that Jawbone has run into manufacturing difficulties.
In 2011, it pulled the original UP wristband from sale after the initial batch of bands stopped holding their charge.
Posts to its forums also suggest that many owners of its more recent UP24 bands have complained that the devices stop working after several months of use - something the firm has handled by offering replacements.
The UP3 attracted much interest when it was first announced in November because of its use of a technique called "bioimpedance" to track its owner's pulse.
This involves passing an imperceptible electrical current through the body to measure its resistance to the signal.
The process is already used by several specialist medical devices to measure heart rate, body fat, fluid levels and other body composition readings.
But Jawbone was the first to use it in a mass-market wristband.
Its biggest rival Fitbit tracks users' heart rates by shining LED lights into their arms to detect changes in blood volume beneath the skin.
This kind of technology can sometimes have problems obtaining accurate readings from users with darker pigmented skin, however.
Jawbone previously suggested that another advantage of bioimpedance was that it was less battery intensive.


The identity of a man with a distinctive tattoo who was found dead two decades ago remains a mystery.

The man, who had a tattoo on his arm of a woman's head and a heart, was found in a manmade shelter in Biggleswade, Bedfordshire, in February 1997.
Officers said he was known around the town as "Old Ragbones" but they have been unable to identify him.
Bedfordshire Police said they were not treating the death as suspicious but still wanted to identify him.
The man, who was thought to be in his 50s and who was found to have lung cancer and a brain tumour, became known as the "tattooed man".
The tattoo also appeared to feature a name that was four or five letters long with the last being "Y".
His body was found by a group of boys playing truant from school.
The man had been described to police as being "well-spoken, well-educated and reserved".
A local farmer recalled a rumour "Old Ragbones" used to work in London.
Michael Flavin, of the Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, and Hertfordshire major crime unit investigation review team, said: "He may well have family members somewhere who still wonder what happened to him.
"Despite two decades having passed, no investigation is ever completely closed.
"I would encourage anyone who believes they may have known who this man was to get in touch."


A new generation of pro-democracy activists has won seats on Hong Kong's Legislative Council (LegCo).

The young leaders want greater autonomy and changes to the way Hong Kong is governed by China. Voter turnout reached a record high of 58%.
Among those elected is Nathan Law, 23, who helped lead the "Umbrella Protests" in 2014 for self-determination.
Despite the gains, China's supporters will continue to hold the majority of seats on the 70-seat council.
Mr Law expressed shock at the result, saying it showed people "wanted change".
The election is the first in the territory since the 2014 unrest, when central areas of Hong Kong were paralysed for weeks by mostly young protesters.
They were demanding greater democracy for the territory amid concerns that Beijing was increasingly interfering in the politics of the former British colony, breaking the "one country, two systems" agreement.
Beijing denies this, and gave no concessions to the protesters.
"I think Hong Kongers really wanted change," Mr Law, 23, was quoted as saying by the AFP news agency. "Young people have a sense of urgency when it comes to the future."
Mr Law, whose Demosisto party campaigns for the right to self-determination, had the second highest number of votes in the multi-seat Hong Kong Island constituency.
Two candidates from the Youngspiration party, a more vocally pro-independence movement which also has its roots in the Umbrella Protests, were also on course to be elected.
However, several veteran democrats failed to retain their seats.
"People want change, change meaning that they want new faces... but the price is a further fragmentation [of the pro-democracy camp]," defeated candidate Lee Cheuk-yan told Reuters.
Mr Law warned that pro-democracy legislators would "have to be united to fight against the [Chinese] Communist Party".
Importantly for Mr Law and his allies, democrats have retained one third of seats in the council - meaning they have the ability to veto major constitutional changes.
There will also be more radical voices in the LegCo, with at least six young candidates who support self-determination for Hong Kong occupying seats.
China's government has always been opposed to any calls for independence, and an official from the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council reiterated this point on Monday.
Meanwhile, the Hong Kong government's Secretary for Constitutional Affairs Raymond Tam said it would do its best to "bring them [radical activists] around to a more centrist position".
"Independence is not realistic at all," said Elizabeth Quat, a member of a pro-Beijing party. "Hopefully this will not be their main objective."
The Chinese government has consistently denounced pro-democracy protests, calling the 2014 street occupations "illegal", and stressed that unity is the way forward for the country.
Hong Kong papers have noted the "record high turnout" - the highest since 1997. Apple Daily describes "a blazing atmosphere", with hundreds queuing into the early hours.
The South China Morning Post notes that a "new generation" has emerged from the vote and may "create more headaches for Chief Executive CY Leung's administration".
A lot of mainland Chinese media have refrained from covering the election at all, or only covered it sparingly.
Regulators have even blocked some foreigner broadcasters' coverage of the elections - including the BBC World News channel - and censored social media comments that mention pro-democrats.
Yet the English language edition of Global Times says the days ahead will be "a significant test of whether the pro-establishment camp can maintain dominance".
Candidates were competing for the 70 seats on the LegCo, which passes laws and budgets in the territory. But only 35 constituency seats are directly elected by the 3.8 million registered voters.
Another 30 seats, called "functional constituencies", represent particular professions or trades and only people connected to those professions or trades can cast votes for those seats.
That is about 6% of the population, and they are mostly Beijing-leaning.
Representatives for a further five functional constituencies, known as "super seats" are chosen by voters across the territory.
The vote does not elect Hong Kong's chief executive, the head of government, but many analysts believe the outcome could have an impact on whether China supports current leader CY Leung for a second term in office.


The Queen said she hopes the Duchess of Cambridge's baby is born soon, because she is due to go on holiday.

The comment was made to a 10-year-old schoolgirl while on a series of engagements in Cumbria.
Wiggonby Church of England Primary School pupil Fay Batey asked if the Queen wanted the royal baby to be a boy or a girl.
The Queen replied: "I don't think I mind. I would very much like it to arrive. I'm going on holiday."
According to Buckingham Palace the Queen will soon be heading off to her private Balmoral estate in Scotland, where she traditionally spends her summer  holiday.
Hundreds of people had crowded into a market square in Kendal to see the Queen and the Princess Royal.
The royal party went on a brief walkabout during the 20 minute tour and received two posies from local schoolchildren.
The royal visitors were greeted by loud cheers and Union flags as they arrived just after 10:30 BST from nearby Oxenholme railway station.
The Queen was later presented with a hamper showcasing local produce from the Made in Cumbria chamber of commerce collective.
Retail manager Tracey Graham said: "She was thrilled with the damson gin and said she would be keeping that for herself."


Islamists have won seats in Jordan's parliament after years of boycott, in polls which also elected record numbers of female MPs, initial results show.

The Muslim Brotherhood's party, the Islamic Action Front (IAF), looks to share at least 16 out of 130 seats as part of a new political alliance.
The IAF refused to contest the previous two elections, in protest at the electoral system.
Tuesday's election also saw at least 20 women returned, latest figures show.
Under Jordanian law, 15 seats are automatically reserved for female MPs. A reduction in the number of MPs as part of reforms announced last year means women will have a higher overall proportion of seats than before.
The Muslim Brotherhood's (MB) return to parliament follows a crackdown on the movement by Jordanian authorities, fearful of the spread of militant Islam in the region.
The Jordanian MB has substantial grassroots popularity and is the country's main opposition organisation.
Key leaders have been arrested in recent years, and five months ago the group's headquarters was shut down.
Ahead of the elections, the IAF joined Christians and other candidates to form an alliance called the National Coalition for Reform (NCR).
Despite the NCR's relatively strong showing, executive power resides with the king, who has the right to appoint and dismiss the prime minister and cabinet and dissolve the National Assembly.


Rotherham United manager Steve Evans has left the Championship club after more than three years with the Millers.

The 52-year-old leaves with Rotherham 20th in the Championship, although they have won their last two games.
Assistant manager Paul Raynor has also departed, with first-team coach Eric Black placed in temporary charge.
A club statement on the Rotherham website said that chairman Tony Stewart and Evans "wished to head in a different direction."
Evans joined the then-League Two Millers in April 2012 after five years with Crawley Town, having led the Red Devils into the Football League for the first time in the club's history.
Rotherham gained successive promotions in Evans's first two seasons in charge, but struggled in the Championship last season, finishing one place above the relegation zone.
Speaking after United moved off the bottom of the table with a 2-0 win over Birmingham on Saturday, Evans said there was "fantastic chemistry" at the club between the chairman, manager and players.
"There was never any pressure on the squad in the relegation zone," he told BBC Radio Sheffield.
"Let the knockers continue. We're just trying to prove the doubters wrong like we have done for three-and-a-half years."
Interim manager Black was appointed first team coach in July, having previously had managerial spells at Coventry City and Motherwell.


Thirteen months ago, FC United of Manchester opened their £6.3m home at Broadhurst Park with a prestigious friendly against Benfica.

Even though the hosts were beaten, a capacity 4,232 crowd generated a typically vibrant atmosphere.
Newly-promoted to National League North, it was supposed to mark the end of the beginning for a club formed in 2005 as a protest to the Glazer regime at Manchester United and the rampant commercialism taking hold of the national game.
But it has not worked out as imagined.
On the pitch there have been successes, notably reaching the FA Cup first round for the second time in their history, where they were beaten 4-1 by Chesterfield.
Off it, however, the period has been marked by rows, allegations, resignations and recriminations.
A packed general meeting was adjourned for a month, in part owing to voting irregularities.
Their final home game of the season was stopped for five minutes when protestors invaded the pitch.
Concerns have been expressed about the club's finances and uncertainty exists over work required to keep the St Mary's Road End terrace functioning fully.
So, is the club held up as the ownership model every supporter should aspire to beginning to destroy itself?
Broadhurst Park should have been ready in September 2014 but a combination of construction delays as contractors went bust and poor weather meant it was not finished until May 2015.
First estimates put the cost of the stadium at £5.5m, but that budget was exceeded by £800,000. The delay also put a greater strain than envisaged on club finances.
The price of the match programme for the Benfica game was increased, with officials justifying it on the grounds it was bigger than normal, at 44 pages. Others argued the rise went against the principle of not exploiting supporters.
Programme editor Tony Howard ended up resigning in protest.
Then in November during the Conservative party conference in Manchester, a photoshoot at Broadhurst Park with Damian Hinds, exchequer secretary to the Treasury, created discontent among members given it is FC United policy not to allow itself to be used for political promotion.
Many members found out what had happened when a picture of the meeting was posted on the club's Twitter feed, which a former club official now accepts was "a mistake".
The centrepiece of Broadhurst Park, the St Mary's Road End terrace, was bought from the administrators of Northwich Victoria and has a capacity of 2,500.
The temporary bar underneath it generates around £2,200 per game.
Due to ground regulations, the bar needs £140,000 of work for it to be open next season.
A £400,000 grant application for work that would create a community asset has been put on hold until October. There is also an obligation to turn standing areas at the end of the main stand into seating.
Members helped build the stadium by contributing £2m through a community shares scheme. They are able to start withdrawing up to 10% of their contribution annually from 2018.
With more than 5,000 members, 2,200 season ticket holders and an average attendance of 3,500, FC United boast some impressive figures. But by their own admission, they have failed commercially.
A £300,000 target for commercial income has been described as "naive" by a source close to the club and they are forecast to make a loss of over £90,000 this year - even with £92,000 coming from their FA Cup run.
FC United complained when the Chesterfield tie was moved to a Monday night for live TV coverage, but the source said the £67,500 fee was "very, very handy".
A sponsorship deal with a local company that was expected to generate £30,000, was then reduced to £15,000 and might ultimately yield nothing. "We have not been good at contracts," said the source.
One of FC United's founding members, John-Paul O'Neill, was part of a campaign to make the FC United board answerable for their decisions.
These efforts created ill-feeling and on 6 April, following the threat of legal action, FC United made a public apology to O'Neill.
Seven board members have resigned, including another founder member, Adam Brown, who cited an alleged 'hate campaign'.
Club stalwart Andy Walsh is to stand down as general manager at the end of June.
A stormy general meeting was anticipated at Broadhurst Park on 24 April, with a proposal of no confidence in the board was on the agenda.
In the absence of fully-independent invigilators, two club members took on the role instead.
The room had exceeded its 350-person capacity, with some members standing on tables at the back.
As the meeting began a member pointed out she had already cast her postal vote but had been issued with a further voting slip.
Neither her postal vote, nor that of other members of her family, had been registered.
For a club whose philosophy is one member, one vote, the overwhelming majority decided the meeting should be adjourned.
In the wake of the general meeting fiasco, two more board members stood down and the club said it "recognised the unrest and upset felt by many members".
Chief fundraiser Andy Walker, who had been the subject of much criticism, relinquished his position at the end of April.
On 8 May, another three board members resigned, claiming "staff members and volunteers alike have at various times come to fear for their own safety".
Before that, on 30 April, two dozen supporters invaded the Broadhurst Park pitch, causing FC United's final home match of the season to be briefly halted. The protestors cited concerns about democracy at the club and said the board had presided over a 'financial catastrophe'.
FC United say cash flow will not be an issue until 2017 but concede managing their own stadium puts a strain on finances that did not exist during their nomadic years.
Season ticket sales for the 2016-17 season are "significantly behind" where they were 12 months ago.
The club are asking members to renew as soon as possible and anticipate, in a league now containing local rivals Stockport, Altrincham and Salford City -  the club owned by the ex-Manchester United players known as the 'Class of 92' - their average attendance will rise.
On 16 June an independent arbitrator overturned the club's decision to deny O'Neill membership and the club has also apologised to Howard for its handling of the Benfica programme fall-out.
And at the 25 June emergency general meeting to elect a new board, questions to candidate Alison Watt, who had resigned from the board in April, were restricted to avoid a "witch-hunt" according to the chairman of the meeting. Watt gained the 14th highest number of votes and did not get elected.
Outgoing general manager Andy Walsh, speaking to BBC Radio Manchester in a personal capacity:
"Of course there is criticism [about the stadium]. After 11 years you would expect some gripes and grumbles along the way.
"But let's get it into perspective. We had a judicial review, which added hundreds of thousands of pounds, the lawyers went bump, the accountants went bump, the main contractors went bump.
"We found contaminated materials on site that had to be dealt with. We had issues over maintaining relationships with local residents and the funders. Yes, we were late, but we still delivered the stadium."
Founding member, JP O'Neill, on his criticisms:
"I have made criticisms. But they were constructive criticisms. Instead they reject it and say nothing is wrong, so I will go on criticising."
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The 32nd Dáil (Irish parliament) is sitting for the second time since the general election with no new leader in place.

Enda Kenny will be acting Taoiseach (prime minister) until 6 April when a vote on nominations takes place.
At Tuesday's session, a minute's silence was held for the five people who died after their car went off a pier in Buncrana, Donegal.
A silence was also held for those caught up in the Brussels bombings.
The focus of Tuesday's session is housing and homelessness in the Republic of Ireland.
Talks are continuing on the formation of a government.
The leadership of Fine Gael and Fianna Fáil are to brief their parliamentary parties later on the progress of their talks with independents and smaller groups.


Scotland are capable of defeating a major nation at the World Twenty20, which starts in India in March, says head coach Grant Bradburn.

In three previous forays in the 50-over World Cup and two in its Twenty20 counterpart, the Saltires have exited in the opening group stage.
They have suffered 17 defeats in 18 matches, with one no-result.
But Bradburn insisted: "I think we've proved we've got a very, very good white-ball team."
Scotland came close to a breakthrough against New Zealand, Bangladesh and Afghanistan at the 2015 World Cup.
"We all feel that our skills are improving and we just need to get those confidence booster wins under our belt just to really get among the best sides in the world," said Bradburn.
Scotland have largely stood by the same squad as last year, with Preston Mommsen once again captaining a team that includes experienced Northamptonshire batsman Kyle Coetzer and Sussex's Matt Machan.
Young bowlers Gavin Main and Mark Watt are among the new inclusions.
While Bradburn says he and his players have moved on, last year's high-profile defeat in Dunedin still rankles, with Afghanistan having reached their victory target of 211 with one wicket and three balls to spare, despite being reduced to 97 for seven and 132 for eight.
Asked if vengeance was on Scotland's mind in their qualifying round opener on 8 March in Nagpur, Bradburn said: "I think there's definitely that feeling in the camp.
"The whole World Cup experience was so valuable for us.
"We were absolutely gutted not to come back with at least one win in that tournament, but it wasn't to be.
"What it did show us is where the line of international cricket is.
"At times, we were able to touch that line, but we weren't able to cross it."
Scotland will also face Hong Kong and Zimbabwe - and, with only one team progressing from Group B, Bradburn, a former off-spinner and lower-order batsman who played seven Tests and 11 ODIs for New Zealand, knows his side need to hit the ground running.
"They're all big threats," he added. "We have a simple task: to go and win three games and that's what we're preparing for.
"We know that we can beat Afghanistan, we know that we can beat Hong Kong, but we hugely respect them.
"Zimbabwe, we don't know much about, but we're certainly doing our homework on them.
"They are tough associate nations and they're very, very good T20 sides."


Author Sue Townsend has revealed she is unlikely to write more than two further instalments in the Adrian Mole series.

Speaking at this year's Oxford Literary Festival, the 66-year-old said the publication of the next book had been pushed back as a result of a stroke she suffered last Christmas.
"It was on the way until the stroke interrupted me," said the author of the ninth volume of Mole's comic diaries.
The first, The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole, aged 13 3/4, came out in 1982.
The eighth instalment, Adrian Mole: The Prostrate Years, was published in 2009.
Townsend, who is registered blind and a wheelchair user, was diagnosed with diabetes in the 1980s and underwent a kidney transplant in 2009.
Outside of the Mole series, her other best-selling novels include The Queen and I and 2012's The Woman Who Went to Bed for a Year.
A spokesman for Penguin, who was at Tuesday's talk, confirmed Townsend's comments, originally reported in the Times.
However, he said those comments were not representative of the event as a whole.
"Sue has definitely been unwell but was still wonderfully endearing and had the audience in creases of laughter several times," he told the BBC News website.
Phillip Pullman, Seamus Heaney and Joanne Moore are among the other authors scheduled to attend this year's festival, which runs until Sunday.


An appeal for the Ebola crisis in West Africa is to be launched by the Disasters Emergency Committee.

It is the first time the DEC - a group of 13 UK aid charities - has sought funds over a disease outbreak, which it says is "a sign of how serious the situation has become".
Appeals will be made by all the main UK broadcasters on Thursday.
Ebola has killed almost 5,000 people and infected more than 10,000 in West Africa since the start of the year.
In its 50-year history, the DEC has launched appeals for humanitarian disasters caused by floods, famines, earthquakes, typhoons and conflicts, but not previously for a disease outbreak.
Chief executive Saleh Saeed said the "explosive nature of the disease" had caused a "humanitarian catastrophe".
"That has compelled the DEC to respond and help by ensuring that we are able to support people to stop the spread of Ebola before it becomes a major global catastrophe," he said.
He added that member agencies faced a shortfall of £69m to carry out their work in west Africa.
Of the 13 DEC charities, 11 are currently supporting work or planning to respond to the Ebola crisis in West Africa, with the majority of work focused on stopping the spread of the disease and providing support to those affected.
The committee says £25 can provide cleaning kits including bleach, soap and a bucket for three families at risk from Ebola.
Basic protective clothing for three volunteers supporting people under quarantine can be provided for £50 and £100 can buy training for a community on how to keep itself safe from Ebola.
The World Health Organization (WHO) says there could be 5,000-10,000 new cases of the deadly virus every week in the worst affected countries by December. Infection rates continue to grow in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia.
The virus spreads through close contact and health officials say stopping the spread of the disease in the areas hardest hit by the outbreak will prevent Ebola's spread to other countries.
In August, the United Nations health agency declared an "international public health emergency", saying that a co-ordinated response was essential to halt the spread of the virus.
By September, WHO director general Margaret Chan said that the "number of patients is moving far faster than the capacity to manage them".
Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US, Thomas Frieden, said in October that the Ebola outbreak in West Africa is unlike anything since the emergence of HIV/Aids.
In the United States, two medical workers in Dallas, Texas, who treated a patient - who later died -  tested positive for Ebola but have been released from hospital after treatment.
Spanish nurse Teresa Romero was the first person to contract the virus outside West Africa. She was part of a team of about 30 staff at the Carlos II hospital in Madrid looking after two missionaries who returned from Liberia and Sierra Leone after becoming infected.
Germany, Norway and France and the UK have all treated patients who contracted the virus in West Africa.
Ebola special report
Mr Saeed also warned of other risks in west Africa as health workers focus on fighting Ebola.
He said: "The health service in west Africa was virtually on the edge of collapse already. Now with the Ebola outbreak, unfortunately it means that other patients are not getting the care they need, whether it be pregnant ladies or those who have contracted HIV/Aids or malaria."
Meanwhile, Sierra Leone has condemned Australia's decision to suspend entry visas for people from Ebola-affected countries in West Africa, describing it as "counterproductive" and "discriminatory".
The move has also been criticised by Amnesty International, while UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said travel restrictions would severely curtail efforts to beat Ebola.
Also, new US federal guidelines say medics returning from treating patients in West Africa should be monitored but not placed in quarantine.
However, some states say they will continue with their quarantine polices.
To make a donation to the DEC Ebola Crisis Appeal visit www.dec.org.uk


Police are being investigated after a 45-year-old man died while in custody in North Tyneside.

The man was arrested in Whitley Bay at 20:00 BST on Saturday and taken to Middle Engine Lane station in Wallsend where he became ill, police said.
He was given medical attention and an ambulance was called. Northumbria Police said paramedics pronounced him dead just after 22:00 BST.
The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) is now investigating.


A woman accused of trying to kill a police officer in a pipe bomb attack declared herself "at war with the police" on Facebook, a court has heard.

Christine Connor and co-accused Stuart Downes are both facing trial on charges linked to the Belfast attack last year.
Ms Connor is charged with attempted murder after pipe bombs were thrown at a police car in May 2013, leaving at least one officer shaken but unhurt.
Mr Downes, of Ryton Close, Shrewsbury, is charged with aiding and abetting.
Ms Connor is also accused of possessing improvised explosives with intent to endanger life, causing an explosion likely to endanger life, and preparation of a terrorist act.
The 29-year-old defendant lives in north Belfast, but her full address cannot be disclosed due to reporting restrictions.
Following a preliminary inquiry hearing at Belfast Magistrates' Court, a judge ruled that both defendants have a case to answer over the pipe bomb attack in Ballysillan.
Mr Downes, 30, was returned for Crown Court trial on continuing bail while Ms Connor was ordered to remain in custody.
She has now spent more than a year and a half in custody ahead of her trial, and her defence team returned to court on Wednesday to ask that she also be released on bail.
However, prosecutors claimed Ms Connor has strong dissident republican links and recruited a man with no previous known allegiances to take part in the alleged murder plot.
When she was originally charged, Ms Connor had refused to stand in the dock as the offences were put to her.
Prosecution counsel set out how her release was blocked earlier this year because she objected to wearing an electronic tag.
During the renewed bail application, the court heard claims Ms Connor could commit further offences.
The prosecutor said: "There's a number of Facebook conversations with this applicant saying she is at war with the police."
He added: "She recruited another person, Mr Downes, a person with no previous terrorist links or even republican sympathies, to become involved in this case."
The prosecution also revealed that detectives fear her co-accused could be at risk.
"There was a bullet posted to him one month ago. That was intercepted by police," the lawyer said.
"That appears to be a veiled threat to Mr Downes."
However, Ms Connor's defence barrister said it was the first time any bullet had been mentioned.
He accepted his client had previously refused to wear a tag, claiming she had felt the condition to have been unfairly imposed on her alone.
When the barrister pointed out Ms Connor has already spent more than a year and a half in custody, the judge questioned whether the accused would comply with release terms.
He said: "What confidence can I have in somebody who could not even stand when asked by the court clerk?"
Refusing bail, the judge ruled that nothing had changed since her earlier objection to being electronically monitored.


England are the "laughing stock of world football" following the departure of manager Sam Allardyce after only 67 days, says Alan Shearer.

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It follows a newspaper investigation claiming Allardyce offered advice on how to "get around" rules on transfers.
"I'm angry, I'm sad, I'm staggered at the misjudgement from a guy who said this was his dream job," former England skipper Shearer told BBC Radio 5 live.
Allardyce has apologised, saying he is "deeply disappointed" to lose his job.
The England role has become comical
Allardyce replaced former manager Roy Hodgson after England were knocked out of Euro 2016 at the last-16 stage by minnows Iceland.
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Shearer, who scored 30 goals in 63 caps, said: "It's incredible and a catastrophic misjudgement by Sam and his advisers. I'm angry at the whole situation.
"I didn't think England could stoop any lower from what happened in the summer at the Euros. Now here we are, a laughing stock of world football."
He said he thought the England job "looks a poisoned chalice", adding: "It's a very, very difficult job, some would say the impossible job."
Another former England captain, Rio Ferdinand, told BT Sport that the "England role has become comical".
The ex-Manchester United defender added: "This was a man who was passionate about getting the job. He forced the FA to act. Naivety seems to be the word coming up. It's disappointing for English football."
Former Wales midfielder Robbie Savage said: "I've got a little bit of sympathy for him, but he gave the FA no choice. "England are a bit of shambles. First the Euros, now this. He will be devastated."
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Former FA chairman Greg Dyke, who stepped down from the role in the summer, told BBC Radio 4 that Allardyce had to go.
"If you want to be the England manager you have to be whiter than white and the Telegraph investigation shows he wasn't," said Dyke.
"The FA didn't have any option but to take the decision they did.
"This guy is being paid around £3m a year. Why was he grubbing around trying to find £400,000 from somewhere?
"If he hadn't agreed to go he would have been fired and I think rightly so."
Dyke added that Allardyce's predecessor Roy Hodgson had given the FA no such problems because he was "straight as a die".
Former Tottenham manager Harry Redknapp: "It's a sad day, sad for Sam as well. I'm sorry for what's happened. It's probably a lifetime dream of his to be England manager and to end so quickly is unbelievable really."
Ex-FA chairman David Bernstein: "His naivety is quite unbelievable. There's no question he brought the FA and football into disrepute. That's not acceptable. I have very little sympathy. I believe the FA is in need of serious reform as it's no coincidence these sorts of things keep happening."
Former England defender Danny Mills: "I don't think fans will be annoyed he is explaining how to get around rules, I think it is more that he was chasing money around the world when the focus should have been on the England job."
The Times chief football writer Henry Winter: "We have to take responsibility for our own careers and for Allardyce - as a 61-year-old guy who is an experienced individual in football - the alarm bells should have been ringing."
Daily Telegraph chief football writer Sam Wallace: "You never know what is going to get thrown at the FA - be it racist or homophobic tweets, Luis Suarez biting case - and they have to be whiter and whiter.
Independent chief sportswriter Ian Herbert: "The sums of money and avarice of it all is sickening. The sheer bare-faced grubbiness is just shocking."
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Police in the Afghan capital, Kabul, have opened fire on anti-government protesters, killing at least one person, officials say.

The authorities moved in early on Tuesday to break up a makeshift protest camp in the city centre. Several others were injured.
Protests began almost three weeks ago, after a massive vehicle bomb in the city centre left more than 150 dead.
Demonstrators accuse the government of failing to provide security.
Pledging an investigation into the overnight violence, Afghan Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah said one person been killed and six wounded.
"These kinds of incidents damage the trust between the government and the people," he said.
Demonstrators put the number of dead at two. Street clashes broke out after the authorities demolished the camp. Police responded with live rounds, AFP news agency reports.
Afghan intelligence officials have blamed the 31 May bomb attack on the Haqqani network, a Taliban affiliate with alleged support from Pakistan.
The Taliban and the Haqqani group denied any involvement. Islamabad strongly rejected the claim.
The bombing sparked anti-government protests just days later in which four people were killed, as police used tear gas and fired bullets into the air to keep crowds at bay.
Three suicide bombers then attacked the funeral at the weekend of one of those killed in the protests, killing at least seven people.
The Kabul protest began peacefully the day after the bombing three weeks ago. Demonstrators demanded the execution of Taliban detainees and the sacking of senior security officials.
Soon however fierce critics of President Ashraf Ghani, many of them members of Jamiat Islami which has a 50% stake in the government, took over the protest and violence ensued. They wanted the government dismantled altogether. Police called them rioters who wanted to storm the presidential palace.
Some members of Jamiat accuse President Ghani of bigotry and favouritism, and of micromanaging the entire government. They want his right hand man, security adviser Hanif Atmar, removed.
They had been bottling up their revulsion against the government for bringing Gulbudin Hikmatyar, Jamiat's rival since the 1990s, to Kabul after successfully negotiating a peace deal with him.
Jamiat members see his backing of President Ghani as their loss.
Many Afghans accuse the government of failing to tackle the militants adequately.
More than a third of the country is now said to be outside government control.
Earlier this year, a top US commander warned of a "stalemate" in the fight against the Taliban unless more foreign troops were committed.
US President Donald Trump is believed to be assessing his options.


The number of motorcyclists killed on London's roads reached 36 in 2015, Transport for London (TfL) data showed.

In 2014, 27 motorcyclists were killed and the number of serious injuries also rose from 507 to 514 in the year up to September 2015.
London Assembly's Transport Committee said the figure for deaths was "unacceptably high".
TfL said more police have been deployed in accident hotspots and it is focusing on motorcycle and scooter safety.
The figures were released as the London Assembly committee published its report â€˜Easy Rider: Improving motorcycle safety on London roadsâ€™.
Researchers spoke to 1,200 riders and found one in five had been involved in a collision and about 62% motorcyclists had been involved in a near-miss incident.
In 2010, 4,337 motorcyclists were injured in London, which by 2014 rose to 5,233, an increase of nearly 21%.
The report found the inconsistency over access to bus lanes causes "unnecessary confusion" as TfL allows motorcyclists to ride in bus lanes on the roads it manages, while many boroughs do not.
It also asked TfL to monitor the impact of dedicated Cycle Superhighways on the road space shared by other traffic.
The report also called on authorities to educate young riders.
Valerie Shawcross, chair of the London Assembly Transport Committee, said: "Arguably motorcyclists have been overlooked in public discussion about road safety in recent years.
"However, 36 motorcyclists were killed on London's roads last year, a death toll that is unacceptably high, and part of a bigger picture of collisions and injuries affecting motorcyclists, many of them life-changing in their seriousness."
TfL said that since September police had stopped 5,389 riders, issued 742 traffic offence reports, 1,335 verbal warnings, seized 96 motorcycles and made 10 arrests.
Police will also target the boroughs where motorcyclists are at greatest risk of injury.
Leon Daniels, TfL's managing director of surface transport, said: "On-street education and enforcement, substantial investment in improving rider skills and guidance to help engineers design roads so that they are safer for riders, all form part of a concerted effort to improve road safety in the capital."


A computer program has beaten a master Go player 3-0 in a best-of-five competition, in what is seen as a landmark moment for artificial intelligence.

Google's AlphaGo program was playing against Lee Se-dol in Seoul, in South Korea.
Mr Lee had been confident he would win before the competition started.
The Chinese board game is considered to be a much more complex challenge for a computer than chess.
"AlphaGo played consistently from beginning to the end while Lee, as he is only human, showed some mental vulnerability," one of Lee's former coaches, Kwon Kap-Yong, told the AFP news agency.
Mr Lee is considered a champion Go player, having won numerous professional tournaments in a long, successful career.
Go is a game of two players who take turns putting black or white stones on a 19-by-19 grid. Players win by taking control of the most territory on the board, which they achieve by surrounding their opponent's pieces with their own.
In the first game of the series, AlphaGo triumphed by a very narrow margin - Mr Lee had led for most of the match, but AlphaGo managed to build up a strong lead in its closing stages.
After losing the second match to Deep Mind, Lee Se-dol said he was "speechless" adding that the AlphaGo machine played a "nearly perfect game".
The two experts who provided commentary for the YouTube stream of for the third game said that it had been a complicated match to follow.
They said that Lee Se-dol had brought his "top game" but that AlphaGo had won "in great style".
The AlphaGo system was developed by British computer company DeepMind which was bought by Google in 2014.
It has built up its expertise by studying older games and teasing out patterns of play. And, according to DeepMind chief executive Demis Hassabis, it has also spent a lot of time just playing the game.
"It played itself, different versions of itself, millions and millions of times and each time got incrementally slightly better - it learns from its mistakes," he told the BBC before the matches started.
This virtuous circle of constant improvement meant the super computer went into the five-match series stronger than when it beat the European champion late last year.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has flirted with games since its beginnings, because only smart humans excel. Unlike the real world, a closed system of fixed rules suits computing.
Despite critical voices, Arthur Samuel's draughts playing program was an incredible achievement in 1959. Like AlpahGo it learned by playing itself repeatedly only many orders of magnitude slower.
Then the goal posts moved. The critics said chess was beyond computing's capability because it needed human intuition and creativity. But then when good amateur challengers had to eat their words in the 1970s, the goal post shifted again.
Critics claimed a horizon where computers might beat some professionals but certainly not grand masters. So when IBM's Deep Blue supercomputer beat world champion Garry Kasparov in 1997, the world was astonished. But Deep Blue was not the human-like intelligence that the founding fathers of AI had hoped for. It won by brute force by searching through millions of moves in seconds. Humans have limited memory and need brilliant pattern perception and creative strategies to win.
So the critics turned to Go as the impossible. Even with today's vast computer memories and incredibly fast processors (which have doubled more than eight times since Deep Blue), the ancient game will not yield to brute force. The size of the search required for Go is larger than chess by more than the number of atoms in the universe. It is the holy grail of AI gaming.
When Facebook announced earlier this year that their program had beaten a strong Go amateur, jaws dropped in the AI community - and fell to the floor that same day when Google's Deep Mind genius team announced their AlphaGo beat the European champion 5-0.
To beat one of the world's top players, Deep Mind used a mixture of clever strategies to make the search much smaller. They trained their machine on 30 million expert moves to start with, and then the learning machine played against itself millions of times. It worked - the holy grail is in the bag and the goal posts can shift no further.
Does this mean AI is now smarter than us and will kill us mere humans? Certainly not. AlphaGo doesn't care if it wins or loses. It doesn't even care if it plays and it certainly couldn't make you a cup of tea after the game. Does it mean that AI will soon take your job? Possibly you should be more worried about that.
Go is thought to date back to several thousand years ago in China.
Using black-and-white stones on a grid, players gain the upper hand by surrounding their opponents pieces with their own.
The rules are simpler than those of chess, but a player typically has a choice of 200 moves, compared with about 20 in chess - there are more possible positions in Go than atoms in the universe, according to DeepMind's team.
It can be very difficult to determine who is winning, and many of the top human players rely on instinct.


Advances in bionic hands have restored a sense of touch to two patients for more than a year, report US scientists.

The men can now delicately pluck the stalks out of cherries.
Sensors on the artificial hand are used to send signals directly to the nerves, the study, published in Science Translational Medicine, said.
Meanwhile, a Swedish team has made a separate breakthrough in artificial limbs - anchoring bionic arms directly on to the bone to improve control.
One of the beneficiaries of the American work was Igor Spetic, who lost his right hand in an accident four years ago.
He was fitted with a bionic replacement, but it was incapable of feeling the world around him.
He had to carefully watch what he was doing and judge by eye whether he was squeezing too hard.
A team at Case Western Reserve University attached sensors to the bionic hand and in surgery fitted "cuffs" around the remaining nerves, which were capable of delivering electronic stimulation.
The team could send different patterns of electronic stimulation to the nerves using a computer. These were interpreted in the brain as different sensations.
The team "mapped" these sensations to 19 different locations on the hand, from the palm to the tip of the thumb, and matched the sensors to the different electronic patterns of stimulation.
They then moved on to pressure and textures. Mr Spetic can tell, while blindfolded, whether he is handling different materials such as Velcro or sandpaper.
He has been using the sensing hand for two-and-a-half years. Another patient has been using the system for one and a half years.
Lead researcher Prof Dustin Tyler told the BBC: "They can do really fine delicate tasks now.
"We believe within five to 10 years we will have a system completely implanted so we would see a person in the morning, they would have the procedure to put electrodes on each nerve and a device for their pocket, so that when they turn it on they can feel their hands."
Mr Spetic said: "I would love to feel my wife's hand, just to hold hands would be the ultimate."
In both patients the modified hand had the added bonus of eliminating "phantom limb pain", in which patients still feel pain from the hand that is no longer there.
Meanwhile, scientists at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden say they have implanted the first bone-anchored bionic arm.
The technique known as "osseointegration" involved connecting the arm directly to the bone, nerves and muscles in the residual stump of the patient's arm.
It gave the patient better control.
Dr Max Ortiz Catalan said: "We have used osseointegration to create a long-term stable fusion between man and machine, where we have integrated them at different levels.
"The artificial arm is directly attached to the skeleton, thus providing mechanical stability.
"Then the human's biological control system, that is nerves and muscles, is also interfaced to the machine's control system.
"Reliable communication between the prosthesis and the body has been the missing link for clinical implementation of neural control and sensory feedback, and this is now in place."


Swansea City midfielder Nathan Dyer is to have ankle surgery and will be out for up to two months.

The 28-year-old, who won the Premier League title during a season-long loan at Leicester last season, has "extra bone growth" in the joint.
He said he is "bitterly disappointed", adding: "I started to feel some pain in my ankle after returning from the training camp in America.
Dyer signed a four-year contract extension with the Swans in August.
He added: "I saw a specialist last week and the MRI scan revealed the extra bone growth at the back of my ankle. There is not a lot I can do about it."


Italy moved two points clear at the top of Group H as Daniele De Rossi hit the winner before being sent off against Bulgaria in a Euro 2016 qualifier.

Roma midfielder De Rossi, 32, scored from the penalty spot after Veselin Minev tripped Antonio Candreva.
Both teams finished with 10 men, De Rossi sent off with Bulgaria's Iliyan Mitsanski after the pair clashed.
Italy goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon, 37, won his 150th cap in the victory but he was rarely tested.
Norway are two points behind Italy in second place after a 2-0 win over Croatia in Oslo.
With two games remaining, two of Italy, Norway and Croatia - third in the table with 15 points - can still secure automatic qualification.
Italy entertain Norway in their last game in Rome on 13 October.
In the group's other game, Azerbaijan drew 2-2 at bottom club Malta.
Match ends, Italy 1, Bulgaria 0.
Second Half ends, Italy 1, Bulgaria 0.
Marco Parolo (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Dimitar Rangelov (Bulgaria).
Corner,  Bulgaria. Conceded by Gianluigi Buffon.
Attempt saved. Georgi Milanov (Bulgaria) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top centre of the goal. Assisted by Mihail Aleksandrov.
Attempt blocked. Éder (Italy) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Giorgio Chiellini.
Attempt missed. Leonardo Bonucci (Italy) header from very close range is too high. Assisted by Alessandro Florenzi with a cross following a set piece situation.
Éder (Italy) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Ivan Bandalovski (Bulgaria).
Substitution, Italy. Éder replaces Antonio Candreva.
Svetoslav Dyakov (Bulgaria) is shown the yellow card.
Marco Verratti (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Svetoslav Dyakov (Bulgaria).
Offside, Italy. Marco Verratti tries a through ball, but Simone Zaza is caught offside.
Leonardo Bonucci (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Dimitar Rangelov (Bulgaria).
Marco Parolo (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Svetoslav Dyakov (Bulgaria).
Foul by Simone Zaza (Italy).
Nikolay Bodurov (Bulgaria) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Dimitar Rangelov (Bulgaria) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Alessandro Florenzi (Italy) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Dimitar Rangelov (Bulgaria).
Marco Verratti (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Nikolay Bodurov (Bulgaria).
Foul by Matteo Darmian (Italy).
Mihail Aleksandrov (Bulgaria) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Simone Zaza (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Mihail Aleksandrov (Bulgaria).
Substitution, Italy. Alessandro Florenzi replaces Stephan El Shaarawy.
Substitution, Italy. Simone Zaza replaces Graziano Pellè.
Substitution, Bulgaria. Dimitar Rangelov replaces Ivelin Popov.
Marco Parolo (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Dangerous play by Georgi Milanov (Bulgaria).
Foul by Leonardo Bonucci (Italy).
Ivelin Popov (Bulgaria) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Matteo Darmian (Italy) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Veselin Minev (Bulgaria).
Substitution, Bulgaria. Mihail Aleksandrov replaces Todor Nedelev.


Rosetta, the European Space Agency's probe, has crashed on to the surface of comet 67P, ending its two-year tracking mission.

Space fans around the world have marked Rosetta's demise with a mix of celebration and poignancy.
"Today is the big moment: #Rosetta lands on #67P and reunites with #Philae *so excited* :D," tweeted one German fan.
Many were sad about the end of the probe, as it headed towards the 4km-wide, duck-shaped comet.
Scientists have used Rosetta to study 67P's characteristics, such as its chemical and mineralogical composition.
Data from the comet has also had implications for scientists studying the origin of the solar system. Perhaps these guys were one discovery?
Many also recalled Philae, the robot lander launched from Rosetta, which dropped onto the comet in 2014.
Philae was lost in February when its battery ran out, but ground control managed to find it again through images Rosetta sent back.
The images and other data suggested Philae landed at an awkward angle and so could only work off one single charge of its solar battery.
More than one person has imagined a happy reunion between Rosetta and Philae.
Rosetta was named after the Rosetta Stone, which was key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs.
Philae is an island in the Nile where archaeologists found another inscription that confirmed their interpretation of the stone.
Those who have been following the mission since it began in 2004 prepared accessories to help them face the end.
And it's not just scientists - the media have also eagerly followed the mission.
And some fans just wanted to mark the moment...
Dr Paul Coxon told the whole story of Rosetta with creative use of emojis:
The NASA Cassini spacecraft tweeted its respects to Rosetta:
As did the Mars Curiosity Rover:
And finally Rosetta's last tweet...
By Tse Yin Lee, UGC and Social News team


Russia's leading independent polling agency has been labelled a "foreign agent" by the justice ministry and says it cannot now work.

The Levada Centre surveys political opinion among Russian people.
Its director, Lev Gudkov, said the move, which comes two weeks before parliamentary elections,  amounted to "political censorship".
Laws require all NGOs receiving any overseas funding to register as foreign agents and so face restrictions.
The Levada Centre cannot now conduct any work linked to the election campaign.
Mr Gudkov told Agence France-Presse news agency: "The consequences of such a decision for us are devastating - with such a label, we won't be able to work.
"This practically means the imposition of political censorship and the impossibility of independent polls. It's the typical behaviour of this repressive regime."
The other main pollsters are state-controlled.
The justice ministry said Levada had been "included in a register of non-commercial organisations that fulfil the functions of a foreign agent" following an unannounced document check.
Legislation passed in 2012 has designated as foreign agents a number of rights groups,  including Memorial, and the independent election monitoring group Golos.
The Moscow Times said the latest move followed a complaint by the pro-Kremlin Anti-Maidan movement over alleged US funding of Levada.
In May 2013, Levada had said it was being targeted for branding as a foreign agent and had suspended foreign funding.
The Russian authorities say the law is needed to protect Russia from outside attempts to influence internal politics.
But critics say it could be used to prevent NGOs denouncing vote-rigging and other abuses.


In our series of letters from African journalists, film maker and columnist Farai Sevenzo considers plans to ban miniskirts in Uganda.

April has given us a clutch of anniversaries and the usual mix of anxieties dressed as news.
South Africa turned 19, Zimbabwe turned 33 and we wondered what would become of Mali as it was decided a UN peacekeeping force would take over from the French, while the French themselves had an embassy bombed in Libya and Somalia's al-Shabab showed signs of a pulse still beating in its violent heart.
African athletes won a couple of international marathons and Kenya's new cabinet had a woman defence minister for the first time and more was said by financial analysts about the rapid economic growth on the continent.
You would think, then, as an Africa watcher that the usual mix of information filled the newspapers and cyberspace with the political and financial.
But a quick glimpse of the press in Uganda showed us that the month of April was also about "integrity and ethics" because Simon Lokodo, Uganda's ethics and integrity minister, was railing against the miniskirt in his preparation of a proposed anti-pornography bill.
"Any attire which exposes intimate parts of the human body, especially areas that are of erotic function, is outlawed. Anything above the knee is outlawed. If a woman wears a miniskirt, we will arrest her," pronounced the minister in a confusing bid to preserve the nation's modesty.
In truth Mr Lokodo has joined a long list of men - for it is usually men - who have taken offence at what women wear throughout independent Africa for decades.
Hastings Kamuzu Banda's Malawi banned the same skirt and frowned at women wearing trousers back in the days when dictatorship was hip and fashionable - Uganda's Idi Amin did not much like that particular skirt either.
An explosion of cultural colonialism in the form of hip-hop, pop, belly dancing, pole dancing, satellite television - which beams the dramas of other lives into African homes and the fashions of a recklessly cool world youth into African minds - has had the likes of Mr Lokodo scrambling to hold back the waves of moral corruption he imagines are coming his way.
Mr Lokodo's Anti-Pornography Bill has not defined "pornography" as we may or may not encounter it on the streets of Kampala, nor does it tell us what his ministry intends to do about the very real pornography available at the touch of a cursor on the World Wide Web of which Uganda is a part.
Yet to be fair to the minister of ethics and integrity, a far more insidious vice than women's summer wear has been arriving in African cities, and by chance, in 2012, Kampala police arrested a foreigner who had been recording pictures of himself engaging in sexual acts with Ugandan children.
No law existed to give him more than the two years in prison or a 6m Ugandan shilling ($2,318, Â£1492) fine on offer under the Computer Misuse Act, and the criminal simply paid the fine and was released - only to be hauled back to jail because of the public outcry which ensued. He is to now face a new trial, including charges of indecent exposure.
The huge net of globalisation that has given us Chinese architecture and mobile phone companies of every persuasion that have opened up our capitals, has not been discriminating about who or what comes in to shred our traditional values and corrupt our young.
Some argue pornography leads to increased sexual violence - although others say it does not.
The Anti-Pornography Bill up for discussion in Uganda says there has been "an increase in pornographic material in the Ugandan mass media and an increase in nude dancing in the entertainment worldâ€¦ One of the dangers pornography poses is that it fuels sexual crimes against womenâ€¦" and the bill seeks to slap a 10m shilling fine and/or 10 years in jail on anyone who engages in pornography, dirty dancing and minimalist attire.
Yet while Minister Lokodo's intentions may have been to protect Ugandans from the morally degenerate, he has taken his very broad assegai (spear) to personal freedoms and ignited the long-running debate about where sexual crimes begin - with the criminals or with victims because of what they are wearing?
Women, he alleged, should not wear provocative clothing and men, he says, are not usually the "object of attraction and can go shirtless" on the beach.
This line of argument gets us all nowhere very fast and fails to acknowledge that people who rape or are driven to drooling uncontrollably at the sight of a female thigh with which they are not well acquainted are provoked only by the demons in their own heads and pander to their basest natures.
As a former Catholic priest, Minister Lokodo would know a thing or two about demons, and know too that the best place to get rid of them is through the church, not via government statutes.
Should prayer fail, there will always be a Ugandan jail. And the miniskirt has very little to do with it.
If you would like to comment on Farai Sevenzo's column, please do so below.


Medical students have been asked to wear temporary tattoos designed to look like skin cancer to give them an insight into living with melanoma.

The study by Queen's University, Belfast, involves students wearing the temporary transfers for 24 hours after hearing a real story from a patient.
"We want to train our students to be competent but also compassionate with patients," said Dr Gerry Gormley, QUB.
The clinical academic said the effect on some students had been "profound".
Skin cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the UK, claiming more than 2,000 lives every year.
In Northern Ireland, an average of 332 people were diagnosed with malignant melanoma cancer annually between 2010 and 2014.
Dr Gormley acknowledged that while the simulation cannot truly replicate what it is like to receive a skin cancer diagnosis, it did influence how some students thought about the illness.
"At times it did feel quite real to them.
"They would forget about it but when it came back into their field of view again, they described a sense of concern and interestingly a sense of guilt, thinking 'maybe I shouldn't have had that time in the sun, been better with my sun protection' - so they were really wanting to do things differently."
Dr Michael Corr co-authored the study which is being published in the British Journal of Dermatology.
He said that while empathy could not be taught to medical students, experience was a great educator.
"People don't just want their doctors to have great medical knowledge and excellent clinical skills.
"They want compassionate doctors who are good communicators and while I don't think you can lecture someone on how to be empathetic, what we can do as doctors is reflect on our own experience and how we would like to be treated or our family to be treated.
"I think that pause, that moment of reflection, does promote empathy among doctors and health care professionals."
The medical students who took part said they were often surprised by their reactions.
Rachael Henderson is in the fourth year of her medical degree and said the experience would have a impact on how she deals with patients once she is qualified.
"I think it really made me think about treating the person as a whole rather than just treating a lesion on their arm.
"We talk about treating the patient rather than the condition and that's something I've learned from this - treating them holistically.
Fellow medical student Kate Corney also gained unexpected insight courtesy of the small transfer tattoo.
"The psychological impact of the 1 cm tattoo is unexpected. I was surprised how much I wanted to cover it up - when I was going to the shops I would put a cardigan on because I didn't want anybody to notice it," she said.
"It also made me think about waiting times.  If you have a lesion and - unlike us you can't wash it away after 24 hours - what the impact is for a patient worrying about something for weeks before they can see a doctor."
Dr Gormley said the findings of the research mean they now hope to expand their study.
"Our aspiration would be to roll it out here at Queens but also other medical schools as well and maybe even beyond the health care profession."
This aim is echoed by Dr Corr who said the simplicity of the idea is key.
"It is relatively cheap, replicable, yet is a profound experience for students which will hopefully make them better, more person-centred physicians in the future."


Cash for future mental health provision in Norfolk and Suffolk has "fallen short" of what is needed, prompting a dispute with an NHS trust and a funder.

Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust said funding offered by central Norfolk clinical commissioning groups (CCG) does not meet the "volume of demand".
A trust board meeting was told the CCGs were "not commissioning sufficient capacity" in beds or staffing levels.
The central Norfolk CCGs said they were still in negotiations.
At the meeting Andrew Hopkins, director of finance, said funding arrangements had been agreed with all its CCGs apart from central Norfolk.
The meeting heard the plans put forward by central Norfolk CCGs did not provide enough funds for out of area placements, when no beds can be found in the area.
There were also issues surrounding staffing levels.
In previous years, the trust has been criticised over the need to send patients outside of Norfolk and Suffolk due to a shortage of mental health beds.
The BBC revealed that in November last year the cost of sending Norfolk and Suffolk mental patients to other parts of the country almost tripled to Â£600,000, from an average of Â£200,000 a month in December 2013 to September 2014.
In December, the trust said the number outside the counties had been cut to 24 from a high of 50 earlier in the year.
Non-executive director John Brierley said: "The issue is the commissioners are not commissioning sufficient capacity to the volume of demand."
If no agreement is made the dispute will go to arbitration where a final decision is made by NHS England and health watchdog Monitor.
Trust chief executive Michael Scott said after the meeting: "We don't think there is adequate funding for mental health. It remains the Cinderella service.
"In some areas such as Suffolk and Great Yarmouth and Waveney we have managed to agree funding.
"Unfortunately across central Norfolk we are unable to agree and we have to go to arbitration."
A Norfolk CCGs spokesman said: "CCGs across Norwich, South Norfolk and North Norfolk are still in discussions with the trust regarding the 15/16 contracting year.
"All parties are hopeful of a swift conclusion to current negotiations."
In February, this year the trust became the first of its kind in England to be put in special measures due to it not providing a "safe service".