Lloyds Banking Group has warned a UK vote to leave the EU would cause short term "economic uncertainty".

However, the bank said the long term impact was "unclear" because there was no certainty over how the UK's position outside the EU would evolve.
"The board is mindful that the future of the UK's relationship with the EU is a matter for the UK electorate, and that for many the debate is about more than just economics," it added.
The EU vote is on 23 June.
It's the first bank to speak out officially on the impact of the EU referendum vote, although in October its chairman Lord Brackwell said in the Lords there weren't "compelling arguments" for staying in the EU without "significant" reforms. He made it clear, however, that he was making the comments in a personal capacity.
Other bank bosses, including RBS chief executive Ross McEwan, Barclays boss Jes Staley and HSBC's chief executive and chair Stuart Gulliver and Douglas Flint have spoken out in favour of Britain staying in the EU, although all have emphasised that they were speaking in a personal capacity.
Lloyds said it had issued the statement following a board discussion earlier on Thursday, but said its view was based on "a range of third-party economic analysis".
It said it currently had no plans to discuss it any further at their AGM.
Lucy Thomas, deputy director of Britain Stronger In Europe, the lead campaign for the In side, said the warning from Lloyds underscored the "huge risks to workers, savers and homeowners" if Britain voted to leave the EU.
"Leave campaigners who think this market is 'not important' should reflect on the at least three million jobs dependent on our trade with Europe", she said.
John Longworth, chairman of the official Out campaign Vote Leave, said: "What right do multinationals have to lecture us?
"The EU may work for the handful of large multinational banks that can afford the reams of red tape, but it will be the dynamic SMEs that will benefit if we Vote Leave on 23 June."
Lloyds' statement comes after the Bank of England earlier warned the EU referendum could hurt growth in the first half of this year as it held interest rates at 0.5%.
Vote Leave last month published a list of 250 business leaders who it said supported Britain leaving the EU.
The list included former HSBC chief executive Michael Geoghegan and the hotelier Sir Rocco Forte.
But Britain Stronger in Europe said at the time that Vote Leave could not find a business to officially back it, as those listed supported it in a "personal capacity".


The UK's car industry, more leading businessmen, and the chairman of football's Premier League have backed the campaign to stay in the EU.

The car industry's trade body and company executives warned that leaving would increase costs and threaten jobs.
Premier League chair Richard Scudamore also backed Remain and said the 20 clubs in the top tier wanted to remain.
Vote Leave rejected the idea that leaving would hurt the car industry, instead saying it could help exports.
The group also dismissed Sir Richard Branson, and drinks giant Diageo boss Ivan Menezes  proclamations of support for Remain, claiming they have already voiced pro-EU support and the latest comments were no surprise.
The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders' (SMMT) chief executive Mike Hawes said a vote to leave the EU would "jeopardise" the industry's continued success.
"Remaining will allow the UK to retain the influence on which the unique and successful UK automotive sector depends," he said.
Support for a Remain vote in Thursday's referendum also came from senior automotive executives of an industry which the SMMT said supports 800,000 jobs and contributes Â£15.5bn annually to the UK economy.
Directors at Toyota UK, Vauxhall, Jaguar Land Rover and BMW, as well as from component makers GKN and Magal Engineering, voiced their support.
How trade and the UK's economy are affected by membership of the EU.
Rory Harvey, chairman of Vauxhall, said: "We are part of a fully integrated European company where we benefit from the free movement of goods and people. We believe not to be part of the EU would be undesirable for our business and the sector as a whole."
Vote Leave issued a detailed rebuttal of the industry's claims, citing several comments by car executives who said Brexit would not harm jobs and investments.
The group's chief executive, Matthew Elliott, said: "We know that British car exports are increasingly going to the rest of the world, not the EU. As such, a vote to leave could provide a boost to the industry as we would be free to sign free trade agreements with emerging markets - something we are currently forbidden from doing by the EU."
He also pointed out that many car company executives had urged Britain to join the euro. "They were wrong then and they are wrong now," he said.
Meanwhile, Diageo's chief executive has written to the company's 4,773 UK employees, telling them that it would be "better for the UK, better for Diageo and better for the Scotch whisky industry that we remain in".
Mr Menezes said Diageo benefitted from ease of access to the European single market, as well as trade deals that the EU has negotiated with the rest of the world.
"The EU has so far concluded, or is negotiating, over 50 of these global agreements, many of which provide significant commercial benefits for Diageo," Mr Menezes said in his letter. Negotiating new deals after a Brexit could take years, he said.
Sir Richard Branson also voiced support for Remain on Monday in an open letter in which the Virgin Group boss said Brexit would be "devastating" for the long-term prosperity of the UK.
He recalled "how difficult it was" for businesses to operate effectively before the EU, adding he was "saddened" at the prospect of returning to those days.
He wrote: "Although I've been living in the British Virgin Islands for some time now, I have never stopped caring passionately about the UK and its great people. I am one of the few business people who can remember how difficult it was before the EU was formed."
Vote Leave dismissed the comments from Sir Richard and Mr Menezes as "no surprise" and "not new". A spokesman said: "These are people who support Remain saying again that they support Remain."
Meanwhile, Richard Scudamore, executive chairman of the Premier League, pledged his support to remain in the EU.
He told BBC 5 live that leaving would be "incongruous" in the context of the league's commitment to "openness".
"There is an openness about the Premier League which I think it would be completely incongruous if we were to take the opposite position," he said.
But the Leave camp have criticised Mr Scudamore's assessment, saying Brexit could shore up more funds to be invested in grassroots sports.
Vote Leave's Robert Oxley said: "EU rules hurt both our ability to develop home grown talent and restrict access to the global talent pool.
"That's the worst of both worlds for football fans and the teams they support."
As Thursday's Referendum approaches, executives have recently stepped up support for the Leave and Remain camps.
On Sunday, the chief executive of energy giant EDF Energy, Vincent de Rivaz, wrote to his UK staff outlining what he says are the benefits of continued EU membership.
Earlier this month Lord Bamford, chairman of JCB, one of Britain's most successful manufacturers, wrote to his company's 6,500 employees in the UK to explain why he favours a vote to leave the European Union.
Last weekend, entrepreneur Sir James Dyson told the Daily Telegraph Britain would gain more from leaving the EU than it would lose.
Last week, BT bosses and union leaders came out in favour of the Remain camp.
Big business and financial firms have generally been in favour of staying in the EU, although surveys suggest that small businesses are more evenly split.
Last week, a poll by the Federation of Small Businesses suggested that 42% of members "could still be swayed on how to vote" with 52% "saying they didn't feel they had the information they needed".


The World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) says it is "very alarmed" after fresh allegations of suspected doping emerged in a leak of test data.

The Sunday Times and German broadcaster ARD/WDR have obtained access to the results of 12,000 blood tests from 5,000 athletes between 2001 and 2012.
According to the newspaper, the evidence - which has been seen by the BBC - reveals the "extraordinary extent of cheating" by athletes at the world's biggest events.
Wada's independent commission will investigate the claims in the ARD/WDR documentary Doping - Top Secret: The Shadowy World of Athletics.
Wada president Sir Craig Reedie said his organisation was "very disturbed by these new allegations... which will, once again, shake the foundation of clean athletes worldwide".
The files belong to world governing body the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), but have been leaked by a whistle-blower.
In a statement, the IAAF said the data had been obtained "without consent" and that it reserved the right to take any follow up action necessary.
The Sunday Times and ARD/WDR used two of the world's "foremost anti-doping experts", scientists Robin Parisotto and Michael Ashenden, to review the data.
According to the experts, the database reveals:
Parisotto said: "Never have I seen such an alarmingly abnormal set of blood values. So many athletes appear to have doped with impunity, and it is damning that the IAAF appears to have idly sat by and let this happen."
According to Ashenden, the files show that athletics is now in the same "diabolical position" as cycling during the Lance Armstrong era. He said it was "a shameful betrayal of [the IAAF's] primary duty to police their sport and to protect clean athletes".
The evidence is not proof of doping - but the revelations will raise more serious questions over whether the sport is doing enough to combat cheating ahead of the World Athletics Championships in Beijing later this month.
In its statement the IAAF, which the Sunday Times reported had on Friday dropped a planned injunction against publication of the story, added it was "aware of serious allegations made against the integrity and competence of its anti-doping programme".
It said the allegations "are largely based on analysis of an IAAF database of private and confidential medical data which has been obtained without consent".
"The IAAF is now preparing a detailed response to both media outlets and will reserve the right to take any follow-up action necessary to protect the rights of the IAAF and its athletes."
The federation is due to elect a new president in just over two weeks, with Britain's Lord Coe the favourite to win the election against IAAF vice-president Sergey Bubka. Coe has made independent testing a key part of his manifesto.
Former Olympic pole vault champion Bubka told the BBC: "We will not stop the fight. We know that in the 21st century doping is the biggest danger and there will be zero tolerance. If we need to strengthen our rules and regulations we will do it."
The IAAF said that before the introduction in 2009 of the biological passport - which monitors longitudinal blood values - its testers had "systematically pursued" all results that were deemed "atypical" with immediate urine tests for EPO and then target-tested those athletes in and out of competition.
Since the introduction of the passport, the IAAF says it has "pursued more cases under the passport system than all other anti-doping organisations together", and is spending $2m a year on combating cheating. "As a percentage of overall annual budget this is the highest of any sport," it added.
There can be various reasons for abnormal blood samples other than performance-enhancing drugs. Illness, altitude training and pregnancy can all influence values.
Media playback is not supported on this device
The latest claims come after a turbulent few months for athletics.
In December, ARD/WDR alleged systematic doping in Russian athletics and implicated the IAAF in covering up the problem. The Russian Athletics Federation called the allegations lies, and IAAF president Lamine Diack denied any collusion, although he did admit to the BBC that his sport was "in crisis". Both the IAAF and Wada are investigating the allegations.
The German documentary-makers also claimed an unnamed member of the IAAF medical commission had a list of 150 suspicious blood samples from 2001 to 2008 that were not investigated. Diack described this as "ridiculous".
The IAAF insisted that the whistle-blower would not have known if follow-up tests had been conducted and pointed out that its athlete biological passport scheme was only launched in 2009 and samples before that date did "not have the same level of reliability and strength as the post-2009 values which were collected under strict and stringent conditions".
In June, the BBC's Panorama programme alleged that Mo Farah's coach Alberto Salazar violated various anti-doping rules with other athletes. He denies the allegations, and there is no suggestion that double Olympic champion Farah was guilty of any wrongdoing. UK Anti-Doping and the US Anti-Doping Agency are investigating the claims.
Although it was one of the first sports to introduce the biological passport, athletics has a chequered history of drug scandals, from East Germany's years of state-sponsored doping through to the Balco affair in 2002.
These latest claims could lead to renewed calls for countries to be banned from international competition, and there will be more scrutiny of powerhouse athletics nations like Russia and Kenya. In January, marathon champion Rita Jeptoo became the 45th Kenyan to fail a doping test, while 25 Russian walkers have been suspended for doping offences in the past six years.
London 2012's reputation as the cleanest Games in 50 years will also be questioned, as the sport struggles to assert its credibility and reputation.


A 33-year-old woman has been found guilty of stabbing her boyfriend to death on the balcony of her Rutherglen flat.

Ruth Carr attacked Alan Allan, 34, at about 09:00 on 25 January last year after an argument.
Carr, who was wearing only underwear at the time, had claimed Mr Allan had sexually assaulted her.
A jury at the High Court in Glasgow rejected her claims of self defence and convicted her of murder.
Neighbour Jill Strachan told the trial how she became aware of "a commotion".
The 39 year old said: "There was a lot of shouting...to-ing and fro-ing.
"Initially, it seemed to be all about money.
"When the accused saw that she had an audience, she said something else.
"I remember her shouting 'phone the police, he has raped me'.
"She was wearing pink pants and a black bra."
Ms Strachan said she did not believe Carr's claims of being sexually assaulted.
She said she thought Carr was then punching the man, who she had never seen before.
Miss Strachan added she did not at first see a weapon. However, after hearing the victim in apparent pain, she then saw a knife hit the ground.
Mr Allan died at the scene. He suffered four stab wounds - two of which were considered life threatening.
Judge Lady Stacey deferred sentencing for reports until 10 February in Edinburgh.


A teenager has been charged with murder and two others with attempted murder after a man died following a fight.

Dominic Doyle, 21, from Denton, Greater Manchester, suffered fatal stab wounds in the disturbance involving up to eight men on Manchester Road on 7 June.
Richard Linehan, 18, from Openshaw, Greater Manchester has been charged with murder and attempted murder.
Two others have been charged with attempted murder and are due at Tameside Magistrates' Court later.
Liam Seabright, 18, of Rowcon Close, Audenshaw, has been charged with attempted murder.
A 15-year-old boy, who cannot be named because of his age, has been charged with attempted murder and possession of a bladed article.
A 16-year-old boy has been arrested on suspicion of murder and remains in police custody for questioning.


The recent debate surrounding sports television rights - culminating in Thursday's Six Nations announcement - has coincided with the familiar presence of this year's Wimbledon coverage.

Perhaps more than any other sports event, the tournament is synonymous with the BBC - the partnership between broadcaster and the All England Club going right back to 1937. For many, it has become hard to imagine Wimbledon without its broadcast partner.
But as the past fortnight has shown better than ever, the landscape of sports broadcasting is shifting rapidly. And very little is guaranteed, no matter how established it seems.
First came the £922m deal between US media giant Discovery Communications and the International Olympic Committee for exclusive pan-European television rights to the Olympics. The agreement means that, in 2022 and 2024, the BBC may not have rights to show the biggest sports event of all for the first time in almost 60 years.
Now the Six Nations Committee has finally announced the championship will remain on terrestrial television beyond 2016, thanks to an unlikely alliance between the BBC and ITV in a new six-year deal. The fact Sky's failure to land the rights comes as something of a surprise to many shows just how competitive the market has become.
These moments are significant, and not just because the amounts of money involved are so vast, and of such importance to both the broadcasters and the sports themselves.
This is about emotion as well as big business.
Sport is all about passion and loyalty, and some of that inevitably rubs off on the way we feel towards the commentators, presenters and channels that bring us the kind of magical sporting moments we witnessed as a nation back in March, when a record-breaking audience of 9.63 million watched England beat France as the Six Nations went down to the wire.
Decisions over sports rights can provoke strong feelings. The IOC, for example, has been accused in recent days of betraying its own Olympic values, and of putting profit before accessibility.
In Wales there will be relief that the country's rugby matches have not gone behind a pay wall.
Shadow Secretary of State Owen Smith had called on the government and Welsh Rugby Union to protect what he called a "national birthright" by ensuring the Six Nations was kept on free-to-air television. The Welsh culture and sports minister warned it would be "dangerous and damaging" if Six Nations rugby coverage was lost to satellite channels.
In the end, these politicians need not have worried, but their comments show just how divisive the issue of sports rights has become.
For some, the fact it recently cost Americans $100 (£66) to watch Floyd Mayweather beat Manny Pacquiao in boxing's so-called 'fight of the century' on pay-per-view - or that Premier League matches cost an average of £10m each for broadcasters to show live - is obscene. For others, it is something to be celebrated.
Perhaps the Six Nations announcement demonstrates there is a limit to the ambitions of pay TV.
I understand Sky bid more than the combined BBC/ITV offer. But the Six Nations Committee did not feel it was sufficiently greater in value to compensate for the inevitable reduction in audience that going to Sky would have entailed. This despite the fact the Welsh, Irish and Scottish Rugby Unions were thought to be desperate to maximise the TV revenue on which they had become dependent.
Perhaps the assumption that money is no object to companies like Sky is wide of the mark, after they spent £4.2bn on Premier League TV rights.
But despite Thursday's announcement, free-to-air broadcasters around the world are finding it tougher to afford the spiralling costs of sports rights at a time of mounting competition and demand from pay TV. In the UK, the emergence of BT Sport as a true challenger to Sky has pushed up the value of rights.
Sport has become one of the few remaining ways of offering must-see content in today's fragmented, multi-media environment, enabling broadcasters and advertisers to reach significant audiences. It is the ideal way for media companies to drive subscriptions towards other related services such as broadband and phone lines. The result is inflation. As recently as the 1970s, the BBC was able to pay just £5,000 for each rugby international it showed live. Those days have long gone.
Many worry about sport's migration towards pay TV. They argue the country's biggest sporting moments are cultural events, like a royal wedding or Last Night of the Proms, and should, by their very nature, be available to as many people as possible.
Sport, by this logic, ultimately belongs to us all. The concern is that taking sports away from free-to-air platforms invariably means smaller audiences, a lack of visibility and the removal of a crucial source of inspiration for young people who don't happen to have parents who can afford pay TV.
Would England's Women's World Cup semi-final against Japan, for instance, have been watched in the early hours by 2.4 million people (more than watched some live Premier League games last season), had it not been on free-to-air television? It would not. And fewer girls may have been inspired to take up the sport as a result.
Compare too, as my colleague Tom Fordyce did, the impact made by England's Ashes-winning cricketers 10 years ago, when the contest was last shown free - on Channel 4, to the current team involved in this summer's series, several of whom can walk down the street barely recognised, now Tests are only shown live on Sky.
For many it is no coincidence that last year the England and Wales Cricket Board revealed a 7% decrease in the number of people playing cricket.
Others, however, believe governing bodies can hardly be blamed for wanting to sell their rights to the highest bidder. TV provides essential income, enabling them to invest in better facilities for spectators, improve elite performance, hire the best coaches, and keep up with mounting competition from rival sports and tournaments. Bigger TV deals mean more prize money can be offered to competitors, and grassroots development supported.
Others say this is a convenient but flawed argument. That, in reality, relatively small proportions of TV money actually end up being spent on the grassroots, and that participation rates in many sports are in decline, with exposure to as many viewers as possible still the best means of attracting new fans.
On the other hand, Sky would point to the Ryder Cup as an example of an event that has become increasingly popular despite only being available live to viewers on satellite (although the BBC retains highlights rights). It insists its investment and innovation have helped improve sports that terrestrial services would not have had the resources or air time to show.
And the likes of Sky and BT also say their services are no longer just the preserve of the few. That the digital age has meant greater flexibility and affordability than ever before. Falling participation rates, they insist, are a complex problem, as much to do with the school curriculum, cuts to council leisure budgets, and lifestyle trends as with having less sport on terrestrial TV.
Given the strength of feeling on both sides of the debate, it is no surprise perhaps that something of a compromise seems to be emerging with more sports choosing innovative, shared broadcasting arrangements like the one announced on Thursday. The BBC divides coverage of F1 with Sky, the FA Cup with BT, and now rugby with ITV.
It is instructive that in the wake of the Six Nations deal, Clive Efford MP, Labour's shadow minister for sport, said:  "In the face of significant cuts to the BBC's budget this sort of partnership between broadcasters may be the only way that major sports events will be shown on free-to-air TV."
But as well as more collaborations between rival networks, another result of this will be a renewed debate around regulation, and the list of 'crown-jewel' events the government ensures must be shown on free-to-air television. Currently, only the Olympics and Paralympics, football's World Cup, European Championship and FA Cup final, the Grand National, the Derby, Wimbledon singles finals, the rugby league Challenge Cup final and the Rugby World Cup final must be broadcast on free-to-air TV.
But at a time when terrestrial broadcasters are under unprecedented pressure over the cost of sports rights, some would now like the government to step in and help by having a longer list, with competitions like the Open added, or at least devolved to take into account regional differences, so that in Wales for instance, the Six Nations is protected.
The government says it has no plans to review the current set-up, but it has not been forgotten by many that the Department of Culture, Media & Sport continues to ignore the findings of a 2009 review by former Football Association chief executive David Davies, who recommended returning Test cricket to the list of crown jewels, a move fiercely (and successfully) opposed by the ECB.
For some, Australia provides a sound example. There, much to Rupert Murdoch's annoyance, 1300 sports events - including Test cricket - appear on an 'anti-siphoning list', which must be offered first to free-to-air networks.
Others, however, want the list of crown jewels to be shorter - or done away with altogether - and see it as unnecessary interference in the market.
Equally, they believe the list of channels that currently qualify to show listed events (BBC One, BBC Two, ITV, Channel 4 and Channel 5) needs to be expanded to include satellite channels that are now available to most of the population.
Ultimately, of course, this is about striking the right balance. Sports governing bodies must decide where their priorities lie.
New Sports Minister Tracey Crouch is working on a landmark new sports strategy for the UK, designed to tackle falling participation rates.
I understand the ways in which sports are funded will be under close scrutiny, with a proposal to give more money to sports organisations and charities - not just governing bodies - which have proven they can improve participation.
But perhaps Crouch should also look at the way sport is delivered to us, via a broadcasting environment that is changing before our very eyes.


Cardiff Blues back-row Ellis Jenkins has signed a new contract with the region.

The 22-year-old, who is currently sidelined with a knee injury, made his debut in the 2013-14 season and has made 49 Blues appearances so far.
Former Wales youth international Jenkins signed his previous deal with the region in January 2014.
"Ellis has produced some fantastic rugby this season and continues to improve," head coach Danny Wilson said.
"He is a local lad who has come through the system at Cardiff Blues and wants to be part of what we are building here over the coming years."
The exact length of the new "long-term" deal for Jenkins has not been disclosed.
He said: "I have been at Cardiff Blues since I was 15-years-old and this is where I want to play my rugby under the guidance of Danny Wilson.
"I have spoken to Danny about his long-term plans and I know the calibre of signings he also wants to bring in to take us forward."
The announcement of the new contract comes a day after the Blues revealed back Rhys Patchell had turned down an offer of a new deal and will move to rivals Scarlets at the end of the season.


This year's QueerFest in St Petersburg was the most controversial in the festival's history.

At the opening show, a crowd turned up to intimidate and shout insults, spraying coloured antiseptic from syringes, in a kind of cleansing.
There were sudden bomb scares and protests, and venues cancelled events at the last minute. Anti-gay activists plastered places with stickers: "Say no to Sodom."
"The atmosphere now is scary, we feel that it's dangerous," one of the organisers, Polina Andrianova, told the BBC, describing the harassment as the worst since the LGBT (Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) festival began six years ago.
Her experience is one of those recorded in a new report by the US-based group Human Rights Watch, which documents a rise in homophobic rhetoric, actions and violence in Russia. It blames a law passed last year banning the promotion of "non-traditional lifestyles" among minors.
"All people understand from this law is that something is wrong with gay people. That they are dangerous for children, and information about them is harmful," Ms Andrianova argues.
"It reinforces the view of gay people as second-class citizens and it gives a green light to more violence and more aggression," she says.
It's why there is extra security now at Coming Out, the LGBT support group where Polina works. A stark sign beside the new, reinforced metal door warns visitors that security cameras have been installed.
Anti-gay provocateurs have infiltrated discussion sessions here in the past and disrupted them.
Another group recorded over 300 homophobic attacks this year, a more than tenfold rise.
"We were just having coffee, harming no-one, when men in masks broke-in," Ivan Surok says of one incident, last November. At least one of the attackers was wielding a pellet gun and shot a man in the eye, blinding him; a girl was wounded in her back.
No-one has yet been prosecuted, part of what Human Rights Watch calls a culture of "widespread impunity". In the cases it documented between 2012 and 2014 only three were brought to court and two led to convictions.
Since the attack he witnessed, Ivan has carried a pepper spray for protection but no longer feels safe.
"Homophobes feel like they have a legal basis for their hatred now," Ivan says of the gay propaganda law. "They feel they can beat someone for being gay and they're protected."
The law - an amendment to child protection legislation - was introduced in several regions before being adopted nationwide.
Its chief sponsor in Russia's second city is Vitaly Milonov, a local deputy whose office at the palatial City Hall is filled with religious paraphernalia. Russian icons cover the walls and shelves beside a black flag bearing a skull and cross-bones. Another black banner proclaims "Orthodoxy or Death" in Greek.
Mr Milonov justifies the law with reference to Russia's traditional, Christian values. He insists that homosexuality is a sin and homosexuals an enemy within, backed by a perverted West.
Homophobic attacks, he claims, are fabricated.
But Vitaly Milonov is no political extremist - he represents the United Russia party of President Vladimir Putin.
"I want to protect my kids and my family from this dirt going from the homosexuals," the politician told the BBC.
"They can do whatever they want in their homes, in the special 'garbage' places called gay night clubs. They can kill themselves with their viruses as fast as possible. But they're not allowed to do it in the streets. Because it is not polite and it's uncomfortable for people."
Such is the mood of intolerance that even a giant model iPhone was removed from the streets of St Petersburg after Apple boss Tim Cook revealed he was gay. A few trailing cables are all that remain at the spot the statue once occupied, in the yard of an IT university.
Vitaly Milonov claims he got rid of his own iPhone 6 following Tim Cook's announcement, because it was "smelling with gay stuff", although he still has a Mac laptop on his desk.
Human Rights Watch calls for an end to such hate-speech and for a new message of tolerance from Russia's authorities. It urges the government to repeal the anti-gay law.
"It's like the law has ignited fear," says Alexey Zalensky, who's worried that LGBT people in Russia, already nervous about revealing their sexuality, are now retreating into the closet.
Many couples are even scared to hold hands in public now, he says.
"They say we are sick, and need to be healed," he explains, softly. "I feel that's the position supported by the government and I don't know how to live with it."
Rising intolerance is emboldening some activists to fight harder for their rights. But there is an overwhelming sense that such a fight is futile. LGBT support groups say people are increasingly asking their advice on how to emigrate.
Both Alexey and Ivan are among them.
They're joining the growing wave of Russians who no longer believe they can be themselves in their own country, and be safe.


Leicester maintained their 100% start to their European Champions Cup campaign with victory at Munster.

Niki Goneva's smart finish in the corner and Mike Fitzgerald's try after a Munster line-out error gave the English side a half-time lead.
Munster looked set to launch a comeback as James Cronin touched down.
But the Tigers scored through Ben Youngs, and even though Mike Sherry replied, the Irish province suffered a rare home defeat in the competition.
It is only the fifth time in 67 games that Munster have failed to win a home match in Europe's elite cup competition - and two of those have been defeats by Leicester.
Munster are nine points adrift of Richard Cockerill's Pool Four leaders  - although they have played one fewer fixture.
It was a superb victory for the Tigers, who were clinical in the Munster half after having withstood waves of home pressure.
Munster did not struggle for possession in the opposition 22, but their forward pack were outmuscled by Leicester's, with England hooker Tom Youngs and countryman Ed Slater leading the resistance, while Locky McCaffrey dominated at the breakdown.
However, Ireland head coach Joe Schmidt, with his squad for the Six Nations in February to consider, would have been pleased by the performance of CJ Stander.
The South Africa-born number eight is now qualified to play for Ireland through residency, and the 25-year-old looked confident with the ball in hand, carrying into the Tigers defence.
But the hosts were undone by two key errors either side of half-time, as Niall Scannell's overthrow from a line-out gave Fitzgerald a simple finish, before Ben Youngs turned over possession on the Munster 22 before picking his way through a bemused defence.
It was a try scored while the Tigers were down to 14 men, with Marcos Ayerza in the sin bin, and was a blow Anthony Foley's side could not recover from.
TEAMS
Munster: Conway; Earls, Saili, Hurley, Zebo; Keatley, Murray; Cronin, N. Scannell, Botha; Foley, D. Ryan; Copeland, D. O'Callaghan, Stander.
Replacements: Gonzalez Amorosino for Hurley (63), R. Scannell for Keatley (73), O'Leary for Murray (69), Kilcoyne for Cronin (54), Sherry for N. Scannell (50), J. Ryan for Botha (39), Chisholm for Foley (54), O'Donoghue for D. O'Callaghan (71).
Leicester: Veainu; Thompstone, Smith, Bai, Goneva; O. Williams, B. Youngs; Ayerza, T. Youngs, Cole; Kitchener, Fitzgerald; Milne, O'Connor, McCaffrey.
Replacements: Camacho for Thompstone (79), Bell for O. Williams (58), Harrison for B. Youngs (67), Aguero for Ayerza (75), H. Thacker for T. Youngs (77), Balmain for Cole (75), Barrow for Fitzgerald (71).
Not Used: Pearce.
Sin bin: Ayerza (44).
Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Romain Poite (France).


Bad reviews of Nintendo's Super Mario Run mobile game have led to an 11% fall in the firm's share price.

The game is Nintendo's first full venture into mobile gaming and marked a significant shift for the firm which had previously not made apps.
The game is only available via Apple's app store and currently has an average rating of 2.5 stars.
Many players criticised the game and said it was expensive compared with other titles on the store.
The full game costs $10 (Â£8) but the first three levels of the game are free to play.
Super Mario Run was released on 15 December and since then, Nintendo shares have fallen. Shares in gamemaker DeNA Co, which helped develop the game, have fallen by 14% over the same time period.
The game is the first fruit of a strategic change in direction Nintendo signalled in 2015 when it announced that it planned to start producing mobile games.
It features Nintendo's mustachioed plumber scurrying across a scrolling landscape as he makes another attempt to rescue Princess Peach.
Players have complained that the three free levels could be completed too quickly and that it was too costly to buy the whole game.
"A $10 upfront cost to unlock the game is a huge ask and one that flies in the face of current mobile games being free-to-play," Daniel Ahmad, an analyst for researcher Niko Partners, told Bloomberg.
Nintendo needed to do more to let people know what they would get if they paid for it, he added.
Players have also criticised the game's need for an always-on internet connection which limited when and where they could play it.
Despite the negative reaction, Super Mario Run has topped the charts for most profitable games in many nations. Analysis firm App Annie said its monitoring of the game suggest it was downloaded more than 37 million times in its first three days. On average, it said, people spent more than 13 minutes every day on the game.
The launch of Super Mario Run came as Nintendo and partner Niantic relaunched Pokemon Go. That game enjoyed huge success earlier in the year but interest in it rapidly dwindled as updates dried up.


Refugees and asylum seekers in Wales are more likely to experience poverty, a charity has claimed.

Oxfam Cymru said the qualifications and work experience of those who are granted leave are often not recognised.
It wants the National Assembly to look at how public services support refugee and asylum-seeking communities.
The Welsh Government said it is working to ensure Wales plays its "full part" in responding to the crisis.
Less than half of Welsh councils have housed Syrian refugees so far, despite all 22 pledging to do so.
"Our programme work to support refugees and asylum-seekers in Wales shows that as a group, they are more likely to experience poverty," said Kirsty Davies-Warner, head of Oxfam Cymru.
"People seeking asylum are not permitted to work in the UK, and if they are granted leave to remain, their qualifications and previous work experience are often not recognised.
"This prevents people from being able to use and improve their skills, support their families or contribute to their communities - leading to a life of poverty."
She added: "Access to good quality public services is essential to help these families integrate and move on with their lives.
"This is why we are calling on the National Assembly to scrutinise how well our public services are supporting refugees and asylum-seekers and also look at how quickly and effectively Wales has responded in light of the current crisis."
Oasis Cardiff, an organisation which helps refugees and asylum seekers to integrate into their communities in Cardiff, said they face "significant barriers" accessing public services such as transport, housing, training and healthcare.
Its director Reynette Roberts, said: "Although the publication of the Refugee and Asylum Seeker Delivery Plan was welcomed, we have serious concerns about its quality and ability to deliver.
"As it stands it is unlikely to help people rebuild their lives nor to make a full contribution to society here in Wales."
The two charities want the assembly's equality, local government and communities committee to scrutinise public services for asylum-seeker and refugees in a consultation which closes on Friday.
A Welsh Government spokesperson said:  "Wales has a strong history of providing sanctuary to refugees from all over the world.
"We are proud this tradition is continuing, with communities across Wales providing a warm welcome to Syrian refugees who have been forced to flee their war torn country.
"Through co-ordinating housing, health, education and language services we are giving refugees the support they need to rebuild their lives here and make a valuable contribution to Welsh society."


Disabled people are only an "afterthought" for the government, a House of Lords report has warned.

Laws designed to eliminate discrimination "simply aren't working in practice", the peers said.
The report highlighted taxi drivers refusing to take guide dogs and wheelchair-using sports fans being forced to sit with opposing fans.
The government said it monitored those with a duty to make reasonable adjustments on disability issues.
Baroness Deech, who chaired the Lords committee, said: "We have been struck by how disabled people are let down across the whole spectrum of life.
"Access to public buildings remains an unnecessary challenge. Public authorities can easily side-step their legal obligations to disabled people, and recent changes in the courts have led to disabled people finding it harder to fight discrimination."
The report, which consulted over 200 witnesses including disability charities, disabled people, and businesses, said increased fees for discrimination tribunals had led to an "abrupt fall" in claims since their introduction in 2003 and should be reconsidered.
The peers also heard from many witnesses who had suffered "transport nightmares" because of poorly adapted stations and vehicles.
They expressed astonishment that seven stations on the new Crossrail network were due to open without step-free access - something which has since been changed and the committee says should be required in all new stations.
It highlighted that for twenty years successive governments had failed to ensure that taxi drivers were obliged to take passengers with wheelchairs and concluded that venues and vehicles that breach their legal obligations should face being stripped of their licences.
Dave Thompson was paralysed after being injured playing American football nearly 30 years ago. He says while some things have improved, disabled people face many barriers on a daily basis.
"Just being able to be spontaneous," he said, "that's something we can never do. My daughter calls it dad's military exercise. We have to plan everything in great detail - the taxi, the venue, the access.
"And then all that can be a waste of time because it all depends on the attitude of staff when we get there. It's really sad. Why is my pound worth less than someone else's pound?"
Tom Coleridge was shot and paralysed in Afghanistan six years ago. Now, even going to his local restaurant can prove difficult.
"I only want to take my girlfriend out for dinner," he said. "But it can often be a problem. Sometimes I am told to go round the back and fight my way through bins of rotting food and through the kitchen which feels really embarrassing.
"Some places just say no, sorry mate, you'll have to get out of your wheelchair if you want to come in. How am I supposed to do that?"
Transport minister Andrew Jones announced hours before the report was published that he hoped this measure, which also bans charging a higher fare for carrying a wheelchair, would be in operation by the end of the year.
His evidence to the committee that he had to consider the burden on drivers and firms had been dismissed by the peers as "entirely unconvincing".
Baroness Deech added: "The government bears the ultimate responsibility for enabling disabled people to participate in society on equal terms, and we believe it is simply not discharging that responsibility.
"It's time to reverse the attitude that disabled people are an afterthought. Many of the changes we suggest are simple and do not require legislation."
Shadow work and pensions secretary Owen Smith said: "The Tories should hang their heads in shame at this report. It shows just how much more difficult they have made the lives of disabled people across Britain."
But a spokesman for the Department of Work and Pensions said: "We're committed to ensuring disabled people live their lives free from discrimination.
"That's why we've strengthened the Equality Act to create a level playing field and ensure that the law properly protects them.
"All organisations are under a duty to make reasonable adjustments and we closely monitor to make sure this is happening."


Both defence lawyer Barry Roux and prosecutor Gerrie Nel have made a habit of setting "homework" for the witnesses they are cross-examining at the murder trail of South African athlete Oscar Pistorius.

Judge Thokozile Masipa did the same for the lawyers on Thursday, urging them to make good use of the upcoming fortnight break for the Easter holidays.
In that spirit, here are a few questions that have been niggling me in recent days.
Tweet your thoughts and suggestions to @BBCAndrewH. I will be taking a week off and then focusing on South Africa's general election before returning to the hard benches of Courtroom GD on 5 May.


A further three schools in Edinburgh are to be temporarily closed over structural concerns.

St Peter's RC Primary, Firrhill High and Braidburn Special Schools were built by the same contractor as Oxgangs Primary, which was closed on Wednesday.
A wall at Oxgangs collapsed during Storm Gertrude in January.
A safety inspection revealed there were issues with how the external wall was erected when the school was built 10 years ago.
The contractors were working under the Public Private Partnership 1 project.
St Peter's will be closed on Friday and will remain shut until the end of the Easter holidays. Edinburgh City Council said it was looking into alternative schooling arrangements for next week.
The school was closed following a detailed survey carried out by the Edinburgh Schools Partnership.
The survey focussed on the external walls of the school buildings which identified an issue with the width of the wall cavities and the wall ties.
Firrhill and Braidburn will be closed on Friday to allow "further detailed tests" to be carried out over the weekend.
Fencing will be put up around the affected area at Firrhill High with the school reopening on Monday.
The council said if Braidburn school could not reopen on Monday then alternative arrangements would be put in place.
Hundreds of bricks were blown from Oxgangs Primary school during the January storms. It is expected to reopen on 11 April.
Councillor Paul Godzik, education convener, said: "The health and safety of our pupils and staff is our top priority and therefore the council has decided to temporarily close these schools as a purely precautionary measure.
"Whilst the survey results have indicated that these schools could continue to operate in normal weather conditions until the necessary works are carried out we are unwilling to take any risk.
"We fully recognise the inconvenience caused by these closures and we would like to apologise to parents for this, however I am sure everyone will understand why we have taken these steps."
The council said it would update parents at Braidburn Special and St Peter's schools with more information as soon as possible.
Councillor Melanie Main, education spokeswoman for Edinburgh Greens, said safety must be a priority but questioned how parents could be expected to cope with the short notice.
She said: "On the face of it, it looks like something has gone badly wrong with the way these private school building contracts have been handled, both in building and in ongoing maintenance, that such rushed action has had to be taken.
"Once any emergency work is completed it is crucial that responsibility for these failings is established."


A tidal paddling pool on an Essex beach has been closed by a council after an independent report raised fears about its safety.

The safety group Rospa's report on the western beach pool on Concord Beach, Canvey Island, says it presents "unacceptably high" risks to users.
It says the poured concrete floor of the pool is an "extremely hazardous" surface for young children to walk on.
Castle Point Council called the report flawed but is still closing the pool.
It said it would seek further safety advice about the pool's future.
The Rospa report was commissioned by independent councillor Colin Letchford who said he was concerned about the work undertaken to create the pool in 2000.
"The sandy bottom was replaced with concrete," he said. "Since then there have been a number of accidents."
The report also claimed the pool wall is "very hazardous to walk on" with an "extremely slippery surface".
It adds: "Despite well-positioned signage warning of the risks of going on the wall, these warnings are reported to be frequently ignored.
"In view of the issues identified in this report the risks to users are unacceptably high. Rospa strongly recommend that the facility is closed [until work to make it safer is carried out]."
A spokesman for Castle Point Council said: "The Rospa report was commissioned by councillor Colin Letchford who has no authority to act on behalf of the council.
"The report was compiled without the involvement of the council officers who are responsible for the operation and management of the facility or sight of the council's risk assessment for the pool.
"As such the council believes the report is fundamentally flawed and has raised its concerns about the inspection methodology and accuracy of the report with Rospa. Given the report's conclusions the council has no alternative but to close the pool pending further safety advice."


Thousands of football fans were sent a scam email asking them to pay a bill after a Scottish Football Association database was apparently hacked.

An invoice for £170 was sent to subscribers to the Scotland Supporters Club mailing list just after 09:00.
The email - addressed "Dear Customer" - provided a link for payment, which was a disguised website address.
The SFA said a third-party email database had been compromised and urged recipients to delete the email.
Its statement said: "We would like to apologise to those who have received a spoof email this morning purporting to be from the Scottish FA."
It recommended that anyone who may have opened it run a security check on their computer to ensure no malware had been installed.
It said: "We would like to assure all supporters that no bank or credit card details have been shared.
"We have moved to delete this account and the issue has been raised with our suppliers.
"We will provide an update in early course."
Fans on message boards suggested that clicking on the link within the scam email could infect computers with a virus and leave them out of pocket.
The email contained links identical to those sent on official communications to supporters and were signed off as being from the "Accounts Department" of the Scotland Supporters Club.
The group - which gives members access to away tickets for Scotland matches - currently has 29,231 members.


A boy who helped police clean up after the Tyne-Wear derby has been found after an appeal to trace him.

7 April 2016 Last updated at 19:53 BST
After the final whistle in March, Tyler was seen on camera helping officers clear up police tape from outside St James' Park after most of the 52,000 fans had left the ground.
The seven-year-old was given a signed football from the club and the chance to be a mascot when Newcastle United face Manchester City on 19 April.


Hours after the attempted coup began, Turkey's defiant president appealed to supporters to take to the streets and confront the rebels.

But when President Recep Tayyip Erdogan addressed the nation as events unfolded on Friday, he did not do it from the back of a tank, but from a smartphone held up to the camera of broadcaster CNN Turk.
It was an extraordinary moment on an extraordinary night, but one that tells us much about why Mr Erdogan is still in power, and why thousands of soldiers are now in jail.
The coup failed for a number of reasons. Chiefly, the organisers lacked broader military backing and failed to gain public and political support.
But another explanation may lie in the very different ideas the two sides had about how to get their message across.
Late on Friday evening, the scheme seemed well-planned, with rebel troops sealing off Istanbul's bridges over the Bosphorus, surrounding the city's Ataturk airport and stationing tanks outside the presidential palace in Ankara.
But while they also raided major news organisations, the rebels failed to control the narrative and fundamentally misunderstood the significance of social media.
A statement from the group, read on state broadcaster TRT by a journalist reportedly being held at gunpoint, announced that a "Peace at Home Council" was running the country and a curfew and martial law would be declared.
What you need to know: A brief explainer of a complex story
"What's happening to our country?": Shock in Taksim Square, Istanbul
Who was behind the plot?: The thorny relationship between Turkey's government and military
Turkey's ruthless president: Recep Tayyip Erdogan in profile
Troops also stormed CNN Turk during the night, its Facebook live feed left showing an empty desk and chair.
"We are broadcasting until the last minute, as we think it is important for Turkish democracy and the future of the country," said CNN Turk anchor Basak Sengul, before being ushered out of the studio.
It was Mr Erdogan's message, however, that proved most important and which, combined with similar statements from other senior Turkish politicians, showed the country's democratic leadership was safe and well.
By the time he flew back to Istanbul from the Marmaris holiday resort in southern Turkey, thousands had defied the curfew, some lying down in front of tanks to halt their movement.
Even if those behind the coup had been able to control traditional media, they could not stop people accessing news on Twitter, Facebook, WhatsApp and other platforms.
Monitoring site Turkey Blocks said key sites including Facebook and Youtube had been blocked as the uprising began, later adding that they had seen a two-hour period of social media "throttling" but no evidence of a full internet blackout. Twitter has backed up this assessment.
While such sites have been blocked in previous crises, it is possible the government wanted to keep them up as this worked to their advantage.
What is more, Turkey has a vibrant social media community, and one that knows how to circumvent any restrictions.
Those behind the coup never appeared in full command of the situation, and that was amplified online.
Mr Erdogan even sent a nationwide text out asking people to stand up for democracy, a trick lost on the faction responsible.
If the plotters had owned a textbook on overthrowing a government, it was out of date and from a pre-internet era. What they needed was something for the 21st Century.
For some observers, the big irony of the night was that a tool that has come under attack from Mr Erdogan's government helped save him.
Mr Erdogan once vowed to "wipe out" Twitter, after the platform helped mobilise mass protests in 2013. Yet as Friday's events developed he used it to send a string of tweets rallying his supporters.
Zeynep Tufekci, of the University of North Carolina but who was in Turkey during the coup, tweeted this during the night: "Never thought I'd write: Erdogan takes to Twitter & FaceTime as a coup attempt in Turkey is thwarted by gov't supporters using social media."


A man died after his sit-on lawnmower ended upside down in a garden pond.

Despite efforts to revive the man, who was in his 60s, after he was pulled from beneath the mower he was declared dead at the scene in Wattisham.
Suffolk Police say there were no suspicious circumstances surrounding the death in Bildeston Road on Monday afternoon.
The East of England Air Ambulance said the man's heart had stopped by the time they arrived.
A police spokeswoman said a file had been prepared for the coroner.


Former US President George Bush Sr will remain in hospital this weekend but could be discharged soon, his spokesman says.

Mr Bush, 90, was admitted to hospital on Tuesday after suffering from a shortness of breath.
His spokesman Jim McGrath said his condition had improved and doctors were "discussing dates for his discharge".
Mr Bush, who was president from 1989 to 1993, was visited by family on Christmas Day.
Two years ago, Mr Bush was treated in the same hospital for more than two months for a bronchitis-related cough and other issues.
He is the oldest living former US president and a World War II veteran. He can no longer use his legs, but in June celebrated his 90th birthday by making a tandem parachute jump.
His son George W Bush served as president from 2001 to 2009.
Another son, Jeb, said this month he will "actively explore the possibility of running for president" in 2016.


Midfielder Jill Scott is confident England can progress to the Euro 2017 final without her after being suspended for Thursday's semi-final with hosts Netherlands.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Scott, 30, picked up a second yellow card of the tournament in the 1-0 quarter-final win over France.
"I'm disappointed I can't put myself up for selection," she told BBC Sport.
"But I'm very confident in this team and I know we will carry on this journey on Thursday."
When we play well we are unstoppable.
Manchester City midfielder Scott scored an extra-time winner when England beat Netherlands 2-1 in the Euro 2009 semi-final.
And she played in the 1-0 win over them in Tilburg in November, when Euro 2017 top scorer Jodie Taylor earned the Lionesses victory.
The Dutch, who like England have a 100% record in the tournament, are set to have a sell-out crowd behind them in Enschede, but Scott says her team-mates will cope with the pressure.
England, who are now the highest-ranked team left in the competition, overcame France for the first time in 43 years on Sunday, having lost to them at their three previous major tournaments.
"The win over France was one of the best feelings I've had in football," said Scott, who has played for England for 11 years and has 124 caps. "I'll never describe how I felt after that game.
"This team thrives on pressure. We have done so much work on pressurised situations and when I woke up on Sunday, I knew this team wasn't ready to go home.
"Netherlands have played some exciting football and they deserve to be in the semi-final as much as we do.
"But when we play well we are unstoppable. We said that before the tournament and it's a big statement, but we knocked France out.
"I think we can match Netherlands in all areas and I think the girls would like to play them on Tuesday rather than Thursday. They just want to get back out there."
Media playback is not supported on this device
On picking up a second yellow card for a foul on Amandine Henry, Scott said she had no regrets but admitted watching the semi-final would be "difficult".
"Coming into the game I knew I was one yellow card away from missing the semi-final but my aim was to help the team get through," she said.
"I'm the type of player who is all or nothing and if I went into the game shying away from tackles then I wouldn't have been able to put in a competitive performance and it is all about the squad.
"I'm not very good at watching games. I'll just try to enjoy it the best I can and learn something about the game and not get involved too much emotionally."


Jofra Archer claimed seven wickets as Sussex bowled Kent out for 304 in their County Championship match at Hove.

Archer, 22, took a maiden first-class five-wicket haul in a devastating spell of 7-67 to combine with Ajmal Shahzad (3-91) and dismiss the away side.
Opener Sean Dickson scored a patient 68 before a 123-run stand between Darren Stevens (68) and Wayne Parnell (51 not out) earned Kent a third batting point.
Chris Nash fell lbw to Matt Coles as Sussex reached stumps at 11-1 in reply.
Playing in just his eighth first-class match, fast bowler Archer was outstanding, sending Kent opener Daniel Bell-Drummond's middle stump cart-wheeling and later dismissing Dickson and Adam Rouse in successive balls to expose the middle order at 152-6.
Kent had the partnership of Stevens and Parnell to thank, with the two all-rounders counter-attacking well before Archer returned to clean up the tail.


Lewis Grabban scored twice for Sunderland and also netted an own goal as the Black Cats beat Norwich for their first league win of the season.

Grabban, a former Norwich striker, latched on to James Vaughan's flick-on to open the scoring before half-time.
Aiden McGeady added a superb second from 20 yards and crossed for Grabban to nod in his second at the far post.
Grabban poked into his own net after Sunderland failed to clear a set-piece, while Norwich also hit a post late on.
Captain Russell Martin struck the woodwork as Norwich sought a second goal that would have set up a dramatic finish, but the Canaries fell to their first defeat under new boss Daniel Farke.
Simon Grayson's Sunderland, meanwhile, have taken four points from their two league games since being relegated from the Premier League last season.
Summer signing Grabban, on a season's loan from Bournemouth, scored on his Sunderland debut as they drew their opening Championship match 1-1 at home to Derby, and was on form at Carrow Road.
Norwich dominated possession for much of the contest but Sunderland's clinical finishing proved the difference between the sides.
Norwich boss Daniel Farke: "I thought it was a really good performance - we had 75% of possession in the first half, just over 70% in the second, it was 13-1 in corners and we had a lot more chances than them.
"But in this game it doesn't matter about your philosophy or your performance, it is about the results and it is down to the small things that we lost this game.
"It is very frustrating but the fact that we dominated a game against a side who have only just come down from the Premier League is a good sign."
Sunderland manager Simon Grayson: "This is a tough place to come to and we knew they would be putting us under pressure in their first home game of the season, but I thought the lads stuck to the game plan really well.
"It's a great win and it has been a strongish start for us - but that's all it is, a good start, and no-one is getting carried away.
"What has happened here is in the past - it's all about what happens in the future now and what I will say is that I have got a good, hard-working group here - it's a working class city and that's what the people demand."
Match ends, Norwich City 1, Sunderland 3.
Second Half ends, Norwich City 1, Sunderland 3.
Foul by Harrison Reed (Norwich City).
James Vaughan (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by Lynden Gooch.
Foul by James Maddison (Norwich City).
Darron Gibson (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt blocked. Marley Watkins (Norwich City) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Wes Hoolahan with a cross.
Attempt saved. Nélson Oliveira (Norwich City) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Wes Hoolahan.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by John O'Shea.
Substitution, Sunderland. John O'Shea replaces Lewis Grabban.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by Brendan Galloway.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by Darron Gibson.
Attempt blocked. Josh Murphy (Norwich City) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Marcel Franke.
Substitution, Sunderland. Lynden Gooch replaces Aiden McGeady.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by Tyias Browning.
Russell Martin (Norwich City) hits the right post with a right footed shot from the right side of the box.
Attempt saved. James Husband (Norwich City) right footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Wes Hoolahan.
Attempt saved. Aiden McGeady (Sunderland) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top centre of the goal. Assisted by Lewis Grabban with a headed pass.
James Maddison (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Didier Ndong (Sunderland).
Attempt missed. Lewis Grabban (Sunderland) right footed shot from the centre of the box is just a bit too high. Assisted by Lamine Koné following a set piece situation.
Attempt missed. Lamine Koné (Sunderland) left footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the right following a set piece situation.
Foul by Marley Watkins (Norwich City).
Aiden McGeady (Sunderland) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Own Goal by Lewis Grabban, Sunderland.  Norwich City 1, Sunderland 3.
Substitution, Norwich City. Wes Hoolahan replaces Steven Naismith.
Nélson Oliveira (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Billy Jones (Sunderland).
Offside, Sunderland. Aiden McGeady tries a through ball, but James Vaughan is caught offside.
Foul by Nélson Oliveira (Norwich City).
Brendan Galloway (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Steven Naismith (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Lewis Grabban (Sunderland).
Substitution, Sunderland. Darron Gibson replaces Lee Cattermole.
Foul by Marley Watkins (Norwich City).
Didier Ndong (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Goal!  Norwich City 0, Sunderland 3. Lewis Grabban (Sunderland) header from very close range to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Aiden McGeady with a cross.
Attempt missed. Marcel Franke (Norwich City) header from very close range misses to the right. Assisted by James Maddison with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by Lee Cattermole.


The number of women becoming nuns has reached a 25-year high, the Catholic Church in England and Wales says.

Figures show the number of women taking their holy vows has trebled in the past five years, from 15 in 2009 to 45 last year - the highest number since 1990.
Fourteen of the women who entered convents in 2014 were aged 30 or under, the latest figures show.
The Church says women are being drawn to religious life because of a "gap in the market for meaning in our culture".
Sister Cathy Jones, from the National Office for Vocation, said: "We are never going to be at the place we were at 50 years ago, Catholic culture was at a very different place.
"But the fact that more women are becoming nuns than there has been in the past 25 years shows that as a generation we have turned a corner."
The figures show that in the 1980s around 80 women were becoming nuns each year but the numbers gradually declined until 2004 when only seven women joined a convent.
The small number of entrants has gradually increased again in the last 10 years, reaching 45 in 2014.
Sister Cathy said nuns were now less visible in communities but they were now doing more hidden work with trafficked women or working as counsellors.
And she added that some women may have been driven to the work after having seen more poverty in the UK during the economic downturn.
"It doesn't tend to be those who are coming from quite vulnerable places who become nuns, but there are people who want to be reaching out to those on the margins, who join," she said.
Theodora Hawksley, 29, was until recently a postdoctoral researcher in theology at the University of Edinburgh, but at the beginning of the year she decided to end her career as an academic, and begin her training to become a nun.
She joined the Congregation of Jesus in January and is now living in their house in Willesden, north London, while taking the first steps towards making vows of poverty, chastity and obedience.
Ms Hawksley said: "In one sense it is a bit like trying to explain to somebody why you are marrying the person you are. You can list their qualities, but in the end it is a relationship of love.
"I don't have to worry now about practical things like making a career for myself. I'm free to go where I'm needed and meet people at the margins.
"You are not on your own. It is an unusual life choice, but you are not the only one making it. There are plenty of people asking themselves the same questions."
She admitted some of her friends were a "bit bewildered" when she revealed her plans, but most have been very supportive.
Last year the majority of new nuns - 27 out of 45 - chose to be active religious sisters, who have a ministry outside of the convent, working in a community in areas such as nursing or teaching. Religious sisters are often sent to live in different communities every few years, both in the UK or abroad.
Last year, BBC Northern Ireland political reporter Martina Purdy quit her 25-year career in journalism to become a nun.
She entered the Adoration Sisters last October.


Two Welsh shire horses are leaving Pembrokeshire for a life as military parade horses in the Middle East.

JR was born at Dyfed Shire Horse Farm in Eglwyswrw in 2007 and Joe was born at Tywyn's Caerberllan stud and raised by the Bodsworth family near Llandysul.
Both have been firm favourites at the Eglwyswrw farm but are now embarking on a new life as military drum horses.
They have been bought by a mystery buyer from the Middle East for use in huge military parades.
JR's brother, Celt, already serves with the Household Cavalry in London.
Both horses, weighing between 125-150st (800-950kg) will be trained to take part in military parades like the UK's Trooping the Colour.
Mark Cole from Dyfed Shire Horse Farm admitted there were mixed emotions about their departure.
He described them as "proper characters beloved by the visitors", but said it was also a day of "great pride".


An inquiry is being launched following traffic disruption during a triathlon event.

About 2,700 competitors took part in what organisers called the UK's "biggest-ever" Ironman event in Weymouth in September.
Dorset County Council said it would investigate "delays and confusion" on the roads following complaints from motorists.
Organisers said next year's event will not have a 140.6 mile (226.3km) option.
Drivers on the day reported taking three hours to make a four-mile journey between Weymouth and Dorchester.
The competition involves a swim in Weymouth bay followed by a run through Weymouth and a cycle through rural west Dorset.
September's event included both a 70.3 mile (113.2km) and the full distance 140.6 mile (226.3km) route.
Dorset Police said traffic disruption on the day of the event was made worse by vandals who removed road signs.
Dorset County Council's audit and governance committee chairman Trevor Jones said:  "Unfortunately, this is not the first time that events such as these have experienced problems. This is despite previous assurances by organisers that issues would not be repeated.
"We have therefore decided to investigate the circumstances so we can scrutinise and make recommendations for necessary improvements."
Speaking following the decision to only use a 70.3 mile (113.2km) route in 2017, Ironman UK chief executive Kevin Stewart said: "We know the important part is to see the economic impact with more visitors to the area - there is a focus there to make sure it is a big and successful race going forward."


DUP MP Ian Paisley jr has said he intends to raise the bugging of his father's phone when parliament reconvenes later this month.

Former deputy prime minister John Prescott said Mr Paisley sr's phone was bugged in his Sunday Mirror column.
He said he was told of the tap on the former DUP leader's phone by then prime minister Tony Blair in 2005.
Former Labour MP Kim Howells has called on Lord Prescott to clarify when, exactly, the alleged tapping happened.
North Antrim MP Ian Paisley jr said his father would always have been careful when speaking on the phone.
"It would have been something that he would have been aware of, because people would have said to him 'be careful with your phone, it's being listened to'," he told BBC NI's Sunday News programme.
"Finding out who was listening to it is, of course, a different matter, but the suspicion was always there that it was the security services.
"For MI5 or MI6 to be engaged in doing that at the behest of the British prime minister is frankly wrong and now that it's been confirmed by John Prescott, the number two in the government, I think that his government needs to be held to account."
He added: "I certainly intend, by way of a point of order, to raise this in parliament on the 18th of April, when parliament reconvenes - I'm not going to let this rest."
Mr Paisley sr, who went on to become first minister of Northern Ireland, died in 2014.
Prime Minister Harold Wilson introduced the Wilson Doctrine in 1966, which ruled that MPs' communications must not be intercepted by the police and security Âservices.
If an MP was tapped, the prime minister would have to tell parliament.
Writing in his Sunday Mirror column, Mr Prescott said: "In 2005, when I was deputy PM, I was told by Tony Blair an MP had been tapped in the past without parliament being told.
"I asked him who it was and he told me the MP was the Rev Ian Paisley.
"Downing Street had been told by the interception of communications commissioner, who wanted to name Paisley.
"Tony asked me to discuss the Wilson Doctrine with the speaker of the House of Commons.
"I never told him (the speaker) that an MP had been tapped or that it was Paisley."
Mr Prescott declined to be interviewed by the BBC.
Former Labour MP Kim Howells who was chair of the Intelligence and Security Committee at Westminster from Autumn 2008 until his retirement in 2010, told the BBC's Good Morning Ulster that questions needed to be asked and, if necessary, these should be put to whoever was prime minister at the time of the alleged tapping.
"I'm not surprised that Ian Paisley wants to know the truth. The country needs the truth as well," Mr Howells said.
"If it is true that phone tapping was going on, then Parliament should have been informed about it."
Mr Howells said phone tapping is allowed if the person who is being watched or listened to is considered to be a threat to national security. I'm not aware that Rev Ian Paisley - I assume in the 2000s - was regarded as a threat to national security."
He said Lord Prescott should make things clear.
"If there isn't a clear answer very quickly, then there ought to be questions posed to whom ever was the person responsible for doing this at the time and that would be a prime minister.
"Rev Ian Paisley was a prominent figure in British politics. I think the prime minister would have to say yes his phone was tapped or no his phone wasn't.
"This is about trust in the end between the elected government, the executive and the intelligence services.
"The intelligence services don't want to be branded by these conspiracy theory lunatics as some kind of shady alternative government.
"They operate within the law and they will want to be quite clear to all MPs now and to those who served in the past that they weren't objects of surveillance and they weren't being spied upon throughout their political careers."


One of India's most popular anonymous Twitter accounts, Lutyens Insider, is in trouble.

A woman journalist filed a police complaint against the account after a series of tweets about her and Congress party vice president Rahul Gandhi.
Swati Chaturvedi wrote about her decision saying, "I decided that I will do, what we as the media, keep prescribing to others ??? take action."
Lutyens Insider has since deleted the tweets and changed the account name.
Ms Chaturvedi who tweets under the handle @bainjal took action after Lutyens Insider alleged that she had an affair with Mr Gandhi.
She has received a groundswell of social media support for her decision to tackle the account head on.
Among her cheerleaders are prominent Indian women journalists like NDTV's Barkha Dutt and Times of India's consulting editor Sagarika Ghose.
Former Chief Minister of the Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir, Omar Abdullah, also tweeted in support.
The action against Lutyens Insider also generated much discussion among India's Twitter community, including from other anonymous accounts.
Indian media reported that following the police complaint, the name of the handle was changed to @gregoryzackim, with the only indication that it was the same handle being that it had retained its 40.6k followers.
These include a number of prominent journalists and editors, as well as Delhi's Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal.
A new Lutyens Insider account has also surfaced on Twitter, but with significantly fewer followers (115) and tweets (15).
Lutyens Insider is one among a series of Lutyens-themed anonymous gossip accounts which tweet out unverified information about India's power elite.
These accounts created a massive buzz in India's social media space, and their tweets are often re-tweeted dozens of times.
However some journalists have been apprehensive about their content.
Madhu Trehan, editor of media website newslaundry.com,  told the BBC in November 2014: "There is an unwritten rule in Indian journalism that we stay away from politicians' personal lives. But what these accounts are doing is just gossip. They are posting just anything."
The names of the other accounts are Lutyens Masala and Lutyens Spice.
Lutyens is an area in India's capital which was designed by British architect Edwin Lutyens in the 1920s. It houses India's parliament, central administrative blocks and the presidential palace.
There has been much speculation over who runs the accounts, but no one has come forward and claimed ownership.
With Ms Chaturvedi asserting that Delhi police are "hot on the trail" of the owner of the handle, India may soon find out.


They are finally here, the monsoons, India's most important weather phenomenon.

After days of speculation about the date, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) announced on Wednesday that the monsoons had arrived in Kerala. India receives 80% of its annual rainfall during the monsoon season, which runs between June and September.
The monsoon will gradually spread across India by 15 July, bringing cheer, hope, insects, relief from the heat, better farm output, GDP growth and lower inflation.
There is no aspect of Indian life, its politics or economy, which is not affected by the monsoons.
It had been raining in large parts of south India for over a week, but the IMD was reluctant to declare the monsoon had arrived.
Private weather forecaster Skymet thinks the monsoon arrived on 30 May. "The IMD has a very objective criteria to declare the monsoon but it is subjectively applied," said Jatin Singh, CEO of SkyMet.
The date of landfall of the monsoon rains is a big psychological issue for 1.25 billion Indians, who are always wondering if the rains they are seeing are pre-monsoon showers or the "real thing".
Even after the landfall is declared, there is no guarantee it will be a good monsoon. Last year, the pre-monsoon showers were promising, but the monsoon rains themselves were deficient, leading to a second successive year of drought. At least 330 million Indians are presently affected by drought.
The waiting this year has therefore been more anxious.
The arrival of the monsoons is like finding a river after crossing a desert. This year, a deluge is predicted. Weather forecasters expect at least 5-6% more rainfall than usual. This will affect things ranging from bank interest to the fortunes of the fertiliser industry. It will also alleviate the drinking water crisis in many parts by replenishing ground water.
Weather forecasting has improved lately in India, and efforts are under way to replace a nearly century-old forecasting method with new high-tech means. A long history of inaccurate forecasts, however, means that people don't easily trust it.
The confusion gives rise to speculation and prayer.
In April a group of people even went to India's most popular Sufi shrine to pray for good rains. Rituals to induce a good monsoon include marrying frogs.
Nearly half of Indians still depend on agriculture for their incomes. A bad monsoon increases their debts, and therefore suicides. Hence the desperation to know in advance if the south-eastern winds coming over from the Bay of Bengal are bringing good news.
Water droplets accumulate on the ceiling of a century old temple in Kanpur just before the monsoons. If the droplets are big enough, it is believed a good monsoon is round the corner. The matter is serious enough for scientists to study the temple.
One of the oldest ragas in Indian classical music, Malhar, is dedicated to the monsoons.
The Malhar raga is believed to be so powerful, that it can induce rain if sung well. Many medieval musicians were supposed to have been blessed with such mastery of Raga Malhar.
Everyone in India would wish for such powers. Last month, India recorded its hottest day since weather records have been kept. Registering 51C in the state of Rajasthan, the headline was representative of India reeling under the collective pressure of a heat wave lasting weeks.
Unless one has been through the full test of an Indian summer, one cannot fully appreciate the blessing of the monsoon rains.
When regular torrential showers change the weather for good, it is a new lease of life. Different parts of India have different festivals associated with the monsoon.
But the joy doesn't last long.
The hot summer gives way to complaints of "It's not the heat it's the humidity". Meanwhile insects and mosquitoes multiply, bringing diseases in their wake.
As the Indian farmer sows a new crop, the city folk face water-logging that makes it difficult to get out. Sometimes it rains so much, especially in the financial nerve centre of Mumbai, that the city is flooded.
But none of those troubles take away from India's romance with the monsoons, an association so old classical poets have written odes to it.
For the great Sanskrit poet Kalidasa, it was on rain that "impregnation in the entire universe" rests.
Rain makes "earth a comely courtesan/attired in the green silk of grass/wearing silver ornaments of sprung-up mushroom/ ruby of purple coloured worm of moist fields", he wrote.
Shivam Vij is a Delhi-based independent journalist


A protest has been held after families said they were told to remove flower beds at a cemetery.

Mehboob Matloob, whose brother is buried at Streetly Cemetery, said Walsall Council gave people 28 days to remove edgings of graves.
Dozens of people demonstrated outside Walsall Council House earlier.
Regulations needed to be observed to prevent "places of remembrance from becoming disorganised and chaotic," the authority said.
Part of the cemetery is a special memorial for children and the council has allowed edgings and ornaments to remain in that section.
Mr Matloob said: "What we're saying is 'you are discriminating against us and the wider community on age'.
"It should be one rule for everybody."
The council said it followed "the widely accepted lawn principle for new graves, which is similar to war graves that consist of straight rows of headstones and a lawn of flat grass throughout the cemetery".
In a statement, it said the majority of people would understand there needed to be "proper management of the regulations in place".
The council said: "It is important we protect the rights of our residents by maintaining the cemeteries in good order.
"We have just undertaken a comprehensive two-month period of consultation. We have made some minor changes to the rules and regulations and these were confirmed by Cabinet at its June meeting."


#towerlives is a week-long festival of storytelling and music, on air and on the ground, around the council estate tower blocks of Butetown in Cardiff.

BBC Wales, 1XTRA, Radio 2 and News Online are collaborating all week with documentaries, news reports, features, comedy, spoken word and music.
Haifa Shamsan, who lives in the tower blocks, is part of the rapidly growing Muslim fashion industry and has set her sights on the big time.
Haifa Shamsan is a proud "hijabi"- a Muslim woman who chooses to wear the hijab, or head scarf, as a symbol of modesty and faith.
She is also a fashion designer who believes passionately that religious beliefs do not have to cramp a woman's style.
"I love to wear colours and I feel like being a hijabi and being modest doesn't just mean wearing black," she says.
"Being modest really just means not showing any flesh. You can show your hands, your feet and your face but you can't show your body. Your clothes should be loose-fitting so if you're wearing trousers they can't be too tight and it's better if you have a longer top.
"Basically you need to make sure you are covering everything that might be appealing to a guy."
But within those parameters, anything goes. Patterns, textures, shapes, it is all up for grabs in Haifa's designs.
"I love to mix vintage and I love to mix heritage pieces," she adds.
"I was brought up in Wales but my family are from Yemen so when I go there, I get fabrics that are really different and that are known to the Yemeni culture. I like to make western styles with them and in that way really mix the two cultures."
Haifa, 27, runs her business - Maysmode - from her flat on the top floor of a tower block in Butetown, Cardiff.
"I started off making clothes for myself because I wanted to be unique in what I wear. People loved my clothes, I started taking part in fashion shows and it went from there.
"Maysmode is known for its single bespoke outfits. Every piece is unique and every piece makes its own statement.
Right now, the label is small but Haifa is thinking big: "I would love to have my own boutique and see my clothes on the high street. I want it to be a massive fashion house - in ten years time, maybe."
The Muslim fashion market is booming. According to the 2015-16 State of the Global Islamic Economy Report, it will be worth Â£226 billion by 2020 - a projection duly noted by both the big fashion houses and the high street.
In January, Dolce & Gabanna joined the likes of Oscar de la Renta and Tommy Hilfiger in launching a modest-wear range.
House of Fraser has started selling sports hijabs, Uniqlo stocks a range by Muslim designer Hana Tajima and last year H&M released an advert featuring a Muslim model in a hijab.
A growing number of hijabi fashionistas also showcase their personal style on Instagram and YouTube, often racking up hundreds of thousands of followers and views - a far cry from the stereotype of Muslim women as repressed figures, unable to express themselves through the way they look.
"I think it's great because they are spreading positivity to non-Muslims," says Haifa. "They show how we are and how we do things and that we like to be fashionable and take care of how we look.
"This generation has not only had it difficult with being pre-judged but also having to prove to others what we are really like and I guess it's why so many of us have taken on a big role in modest fashion.
"To us hijabis, I feel we make more of an effort to be well-dressed and trendy, so that we aren't stereotyped."


Roma captain Daniele de Rossi has signed a new two-year deal with the club until 2019, three days after the retirement of legend Francesco Totti.

Midfielder De Rossi has a reported £5.24m-a-year contact, making him the highest paid player in Serie A.
"Totti's departure has hurt us all. I hope the fans will remain close to us," said De Rossi, 33, who has played 561 games since his debut in 2001.
Totti retired on Sunday having made a club record 786 appearances.
De Rossi has won the Coppa Italia twice in his time at the Stadio Olimpico, and was named Italian Young Footballer of the Year in 2006 and Footballer of the Year three years later.
He added: "We had agreed on the contract some time ago, but on Sunday I did not want it spoken about it with respect to another story that was just about to finish.
"I thought, after Francesco, I could not leave the club as well. It would have been too big a blow."
Roma, who are without a head coach after Luciano Spalletti left the club on Tuesday, finished second in the league behind Juventus, qualifying automatically for the Champions League group stages.


"Dear Santa Claus, I would have written sooner but mammy had no ink and she says it is rude to write with pencil."

This is an extract from a letter to Santa written by an eight-year-old Northern Ireland boy at the height of the Great Depression in 1932.
In it, the boy, Bobbie, asks for a school bag and a pair of boots.
He tells Santa his father was a "soldier at the war but the war men did not give him a pension".
Now, he says, "daddy is in the hospital over a year now and he only wants a pipe and some plug".
Bobbie's letter describes the struggles his family faced on a day-to-day basis.
He tells Santa Claus his mother, who was a cook for soldiers at the war, needed new shoes, "for I saw her mending hers with a bit of old belt".
He apologises for his writing "as I need new glasses", but adds that his schoolmaster says he is a good scholar.
Bobbie asks Father Christmas if he knows anyone who has any old history books to give away.
"I would like some as I am going to be a missionary when I am big."
But he adds: "If you have not enough money for all, I will do without the school bag as poor daddy needs his smoke."
The letter, written from the now non-existent Old Lodge Road, was found in Belfast City Council's archive.
Originally addressed to Santa, the letter found its way to the hands of the Belfast lord mayor at the time, Sir Crawford McCullagh.
Matthew Woods from the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI) said it is still a mystery as to how the letter landed in the lord mayor's office.
"During that time, in 1932, there was the ex-servicemen's Christmas relief fund," he said.
"As the father was in hospital, and this is just speculation, but I believe that this letter ended up with the lord mayor just because of that."
At the time, Belfast had high numbers of unemployment.
The region went through a period of economic decline after World War One between 1914 and 1918 and the collapse of Wall Street in 1929.
The city's linen and shipbuilding industries that helped Belfast become an industrial giant in the mid-1800s were crippled by low export prices.
Social overcrowding in the city led to poor sanitation and ill health.
The "outdoor relief fund" Bobbie referred to would have provided food, tobacco and basic everyday needs to people who met its strict criteria.
A special ex-serviceman's Christmas fund helped some locals in the holiday season at the time.
"It was a very bleak time in that Christmas period," Mr Woods said.
"The Christmas fund was basically to help the ex-serviceman gain a sense of importance after the war, that they were still being thought of."
Although the family's names have been redacted by PRONI  because of the Data Protection Act, Mr Woods is optimistic that Bobbie may have received some or all of his Christmas wishes.
"I would have a firm belief that the lord mayor would have responded," he said.
"The heart-wrenching thing is [Bobbie] is willing to give up a school bag just so his father's pipe can be bought."


A photographer who took the iconic National Geographic image of an Afghan refugee in 1985 has vowed to do "anything possible" to help after reports she has been arrested.

Officials say "green-eyed girl" Sharbat Gula has been detained in Pakistan on suspicion of holding fake ID papers.
She could face a fine and up to 14 years in jail.
Photographer Steve McCurry posted to Instagram that this was "an egregious violation of her human rights".
He wrote: "We are doing everything we can to get the facts by contacting our colleagues and friends in the area.
"I am committed to doing anything and everything possible to provide legal and financial support for her and her family.
"I object to this action by the authorities in the strongest possible terms. She has suffered throughout her entire life."
The Afghans forced to go home
Afghanistan's looming refugee disaster
Thirty abducted Afghan civilians killed
Pakistan recently launched a crackdown against fake identity papers.  Thousands of Afghan refugees living in Pakistan who have tried to dodge its computerised system.
Mrs Gula allegedly applied for an identity card in April 2014, using the name Sharbat Bibi.
An official from the National Database Registration Authority (Nadra) said three staff who issued Mrs Gula's ID have been missing since the alleged fraud was reported.
The Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) are seeking those staff members and are also looking for Mrs Gula's husband.
The celebrated "Afghan girl" picture of then-12-year-old Mrs Gula was taken in 1984 in a refugee camp in north-west Pakistan, during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. It led to one of the most recognisable magazine covers ever printed.
In 2002, Mr McCurry tracked his subject down after 17 years of searching.
At that time, Mrs Gula was living in a remote Afghan village with her baker husband and three daughters.
Mr McCurry arranged funding for her biggest wish - to go on the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca with her family.
She has since moved back to Pakistan, to the Peshawar region near the Afghan border.
Pakistan's push against foreigners getting fake ID cards through fraud has detected 60,675 cards in the hands of non-nationals, officials say.
Recent UN figures show that Pakistan hosts 1.4 million registered Afghan refugees. A further one million unregistered refugees are believed to be in the country.


The opening of a centre to remember thousands of crewmen who served in Bomber Command during World War Two has been postponed until 2018.

The International Bomber Command Centre (IBCC) near Lincoln was due to be unveiled in September but the official opening is now to be April 2018.
Nicky Barr, of the IBCC, said she was "devastated" about the setback.
Those behind the centre say they hope it will remember more than 55,000 killed personnel.
Live updates and more stories from Lincolnshire
Ms Barr said the construction team would be working "flat out" to get building works completed and parts of the centre could be in use by December.
A delay in securing loans had put building work back, she said.
The centre still needs £2m of funding, although £10.5m has been raised and getting the final monies has proved "extremely challenging", said Ms Barr.
Fundraising has also been hampered by a number of break-ins at the site.
Bomber Command crews were tasked with attacking Germany's airbases, troops, shipping and industrial complexes connected to the war effort.
The contribution of men and women from more than 60 nations will be featured, according to the centre.
Lincoln was chosen for the site as it provides a central point for 27 bomber bases that were in Lincolnshire.
The county housed about a third of all World War Two Bomber Command stations.


Britain's world number three-ranked pair John Pink and Stuart Bithell claimed bronze at the 49er European Championships on Saturday.

The duo, runners-up 12 months ago, finished fifth overall but were the third European crew home in Barcelona to earn their first podium of 2016.
"It's always nice to step on a podium, but there's still plenty of work to do," said Bithell.
The Great Britain crew for the Rio Olympic Games is still to be selected.


Richie Foran hopes uncertainty at Rangers can motivate his Inverness Caledonian Thistle side on Friday.

Caley Thistle host an Ibrox side without a league win this month.
"There is a little bit of confusion there," Foran said. "They should be feeling a bit fragile and hopefully we can take advantage of that.
"Friday night, we can get off the bottom of the table. How good would that be for the club, for the supporters, for the players?"
Premiership bottom side Inverness moved a point closer to Hamilton Academical on Saturday by drawing with Hearts at Tynecastle and a win on Friday would move them a point above Accies.
Earlier this season, Foran's men lost at home to Rangers - also on a Friday evening - but the Ibrox men have won just once in the league since the turn of the year.
Manager Mark Warburton left Rangers earlier this month and interim boss Graeme Murty has been in charge for the last two matches.
"We enjoy evening games," added Foran.
"Going back the park we haven't worked hard enough this season. We've let too many runners off us, we've conceded too many easy goals but that changed against Hearts and it has to be the same again.
"Going forward, we've looked good this season. We look as if we can score goals. Going back the park, we've looked open, we looked lazy at times.
"They know if they work just as hard going back the park, we can go and get draws, we can go and get victories against the good, good teams.
"Hearts are a strong, strong team - a very, very good side, as Rangers are. Our belief now has gone up a notch, that's for sure.
"We're creating a lot of chances, we've got to take more of them. That's why we've got [January signing] Billy Mckay in the team as well - he will take those chances."


Russian MPs have overwhelmingly backed a bill that would ban US citizens from adopting Russian children.

The move is in retaliation for the Magnitsky Act, passed in the US this month, introducing sanctions on Russian alleged human rights violators.
It follows several cases in which Russian children have apparently been mistreated by US adoptive parents.
But senior figures in the government of President Vladimir Putin have chided Russian MPs for going too far.
Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov criticised the move, and Education Minister Dmitry Livanov said it could result in Russian children being left with no hope of adoption.
The rate of adoption in Russia is low. Some 3,400 Russian children were adopted by foreign families in 2011, nearly a third of them by Americans.
Mr Putin's spokesman also seemed to be distancing himself from the bill, saying MPs had been "emotional" and the Kremlin position was more "restrained".
The move was  also condemned by human rights groups, and police detained 30 protesters for holding an unauthorised demonstration against the measure outside the Duma.
The bill, which is set to face a final vote in the lower house on Friday, overrides a deal on adoption signed between Russia and the US in July.
MPs also backed another clause that would bar Russian non-profit groups from receiving funds from the United States, and another which bans people with dual US and Russian citizenship from heading non-governmental organisations. This has been seen as a measure targeted directly at veteran dissident Lyudmila Alexeyeva of the Moscow Helsinki Group.
The bill also bars Americans guilty of human rights violations from entering Russia, and allows for any assets they hold in Russia to be frozen.
The measures are direct retaliation for similar provisions in the Magnitsky Act, recently passed by the US Congress.
The act is named after Sergei Magnitsky, a lawyer whose death in Russian custody has become a cause celebre.