Bank of England governor Mark Carney will look at the women represented on banknotes by the end of July.

Mr Carney said he believed that those chosen should represent the diversity of great British historical figures.
He wrote a letter in response to a Conservative MP who is disappointed that the appearance of Sir Winston Churchill on a new £5 note leaves no female characters on the currency.
Mr Carney said discussions began on his first day in office on Monday.
Mary Macleod is the Conservative MP for Brentford and Isleworth and chairwoman of the All Party Parliamentary Group for Women in Parliament.
She told Mr Carney that the decision to leave no women on banknotes when Elizabeth Fry is replaced by Sir Winston Churchill was "completely unrepresentative of the role that women have played and continue to play in our country's history."
"The symbolism of having no women on our banknotes leaves a chasm where there was once inspiration."
In reply, Mr Carney said that it was not the Bank's intention to leave women unrepresented and that he was already discussing with his new colleagues the best way to ensure that the currency celebrated a diverse range of figures, both now and in the future.
"Like you, I consider Sir Winston Churchill to be an excellent choice to appear on a banknote," he said.
"However, I fully recognise that, with Sir Winston replacing Elizabeth Fry as the character on the £5 note - in the absence of any other changes to the Bank of England's notes - none of the four characters on our notes would be a woman."
"That is not the bank's intention."
Mr Carney added that he expected to make a public announcement once his discussions have been completed, no later than the end of July.
The Bank of England issues nearly a billion banknotes each year, and withdraws almost as many from circulation.
Notes are redesigned on a relatively frequent basis, in order to maintain security and prevent forgeries. Other security features include threads woven into the paper and microlettering.
The most recent new design from the Bank of England was the £50 note, which entered circulation in November. This features Matthew Boulton and James Watt who were most celebrated for bringing the steam engine into the textile manufacturing process.


(Close): Wall Street markets were mixed on Friday after a speech by Federal Reserve head Janet Yellen indicated that an increase in interest rates may be coming soon.

At the annual gathering of central bankers at Jackson Hole, Wyoming, Ms Yellen said the case for a rate hike had "strengthened".
The Dow Jones fell 0.3% to 18,395.4 points, while the wider S&P 500 index dropped 0.2% to 2,169.04.
The Nasdaq climbed 0.1% to 5,218.92.
"In light of the continued solid performance of the labour market and our outlook for economic activity and inflation, I believe the case for an increase in the federal funds rate has strengthened in recent months," Ms Yellen said.
Banks, which tend to benefit from higher interest rates, saw their shares rise slightly.
JP Morgan was up 0.2% and Citigroup rose 0.8%.
Verizon Communications was the main loser on the Dow, falling 1.3%.
Figures from the US Commerce Department released earlier in the day indicated the US economy grew more slowly than initially estimated in the second quarter of the year.
Revised figures showed that the economy grew at an annual pace of 1.1% in the quarter, slightly slower than the first estimate of 1.2%.


A 17-year-old boy charged with the attempted murder of his mother after she was stabbed repeatedly has been given a hospital order.

A jury at Kingston Crown Court agreed the boy carried out the act at a property in Woking, Surrey, in November as he was not fit to enter a plea.
He was given a hospital order after the court heard psychiatric evidence.
The teenager, from Wallington in south London, cannot be named for legal reasons.


A topless activist who used a chainsaw to fell a large cross in the centre of Kiev says she has been granted political asylum in France.

Inna Shevchenko caused outrage among many in Ukraine with her act, which she said was in sympathy with the Russian punk band Pussy Riot.
The member of the activist group Femen said she had made a "strategic choice" to seek asylum in France.
She said she feared persecution for her activities in Ukraine.
She has said she received death threats after cutting down the cross, which was, according to Ukrainian media, a monument to victims of Stalin's repression in the 1920s and 1930s.
Femen said the act was a strike against patriarchal religion, in support of three members of Pussy Riot who were prosecuted in Russia for performing a punk song in a Moscow cathedral.
Ms Shevchenko fled to France, where she has set up a branch of the controversial feminist movement and mounted a series of stunts, in which Femen members bare their breasts in protest.
"To develop the movement, we need a place, we need a country," she told the AFP news agency.
France's refugee agency refused to comment, saying information on asylum requests was confidential.
But AFP said it had seen documents confirming the decision.
Femen activists have made headlines by launching numerous stunts, including stripping in Notre Dame cathedral, and lunging half-naked at the head of the Russian Orthodox Church.
While some feminists say they are bringing publicity to the cause, others have accused them of betraying true feminist values.


Madonna gave "a shot of female brass" to the Super Bowl with her 12-minute half-time show, reviewers have said.

Entertainment Weekly said the pop star was "a bright delight", "plugging her product with such gleeful abandon".
The Los Angeles Times said her  show was "arguably more outrageous than the notorious Jackson nipple shot" of 2004.
But the New York Times argued she had taken "a downright benign stance" compared with more shocking Madonna performances of years gone by.
The 53-year-old's half-time performance at the Lucas Oil Stadium, in Indianapolis, included hits Vogue, Music, Open Your Heart, Express Yourself and Like a Prayer as well as new song Give Me all Your Luvin', from new album MDNA, due out next month.
She entered the stadium on a chariot, led by dozens of Roman gladiators, wearing a black and gold costume topped with an elaborate crown.
Marching bands, tightrope acrobats, gladiators and choirs - as well as guest stars M.I.A, Nicki Minaj, Cee Lo Green and LMFAO -  were among the cast in the spectacular show, watched by more than 100 million TV viewers in the US.
Censors have paid special attention to the half-time entertainment ever since the 2004 Super Bowl performance in Houston, Texas, when Justin Timberlake famously exposed Janet Jackson's breast during a duet.
The only controversial moment this year came when British singer M.I.A. was seen gesturing with her middle finger.
Broadcaster NBC later apologised for the "inappropriate" and "spontaneous gesture".
Meanwhile, Entertainment Weekly's Ken Tucker cited interviews with Madonna last week stating she had no plans to incite controversy.
"But instead of resulting in a cautious, tedious performance, Madonna gave a joyous, unironic, open-hearted one," he added.
"Now the carping will begin in living rooms and throughout the internet: Was she lip-syncing? Did she make a few wobbly moves? Was M.I.A. being a naughty girl?
"Me, I don't care - I was happy to see Madonna smiling so much, giving it her all".
Sarah Fitzmaurice, of the the UK's Daily Mail, said Madonna had previously declared she had to put on "the greatest show on earth, during the greatest show on Earth".
The paper added that she "certainly didn't disappoint".
It said that, under "immense" and greatly-felt" pressure, she had only suffered "one small slip-up throughout the show".
"As she was strutting her way across the bleachers to Music, the second song in her set, she was unable to step up onto one of them and had to repeat the dance move to hoist herself up," it said.
"But Madonna proved a true professional and laughed the error off throwing herself into the next sequence of the set."
The star's mis-step came after she revealed she had pulled a hamstring during rehearsals, requiring "a lot of warm-ups, taping and ultrasound".
The New York Times' Jon Pareles noted that Madonna was no longer "the indefatigable trouper of years past".
"The bad girl is a grown-up now, like it or not," he added.
"It's impossible to guess what the Madonna of decades past, fascinated with lust, power, religion and transgression, might have done with this platform."
It said that, while the star was "still lithe, she measured her moves, letting her supporting cast offer distractions".
USA Today's Elysa Gardner, meanwhile, described Madonna as "stylish but hardly provocative in tailored tops and skirts that showed off her yoga-toned gams" saying she had delivered flourishes "with a winking sense of humour".
And she suggested that, if the singer "moved a little less nimbly than usual, it might have had to do with a reported pulled hamstring - or gravity-defying heels".
She added that, in Give Me All Your Luvin' - featuring M.I.A and Nicky Minaj - Madonna had "wisely" chosen "not to join the younger stars or an accompanying ensemble in donning cheerleader outfits".
The Chicago Tribune's Greg Kot complained the song, released on Friday "fell flat".
"Rhyming 'ya wanna' with 'Madonna', recasting herself as a cheerleader for a sport that she's barely noticed in decades past - it was the Material Girl who couldn't deliver the goods," he said.
Referring to the lip-syncing, he said Madonna had "never really been about 'live' performance - her concerts are essentially theatrical exhibitions accompanied by piped in music".


Jeremy Corbyn has completed a reshuffle of his shadow cabinet, giving deputy Tom Watson the culture brief and bringing back several MPs who quit in protest at his leadership this summer.

Jon Ashworth becomes shadow health secretary, John Healey returns to housing while there are promotions for Teresa Pearce and Ian Lavery.
Mr Ashworth has been replaced on the ruling NEC by Kate Osamor.
One ally said it was a unifying reshuffle amid criticism from some MPs.
Mr Watson said his new role would allow him to develop Labour's policy on "introducing the arts pupil premium to every child of primary school age."
He added: "There should be no class ceiling placed on anyone who wants to contribute to or enjoy our artistic, musical and sporting heritage.
"I also want our globally successful games industry to be given the recognition it deserves."
Dawn Butler, the new shadow minister for diverse communities, told the BBC the Labour leader had shown "great guts" and by bringing in "formidable" Nick Brown as chief whip showed he was "not scared" of promoting someone who was not one of his natural supporters.
Mr Corbyn has filled a number of jobs that were left empty after a mass walkout from his front bench this summer, although he has not been able to appoint a shadow Scottish secretary - with shadow Northern Ireland secretary David Anderson continuing to hold the role.
After being appointed shadow health secretary, Mr Ashworth said: "I'm doing this because I think the Labour Party needs to run a very strong campaign against what the Tories are doing to our National Health Service."
Labour reshuffle: Diane Abbott made shadow home secretary
Mr Ashworth has been replaced on Labour's ruling National Executive Committee by shadow international development secretary Kate Osamor.
He takes over from Diane Abbott, who has been promoted to shadow home secretary, while former Liberty director Baroness Chakrabarti becomes shadow attorney general.
Former director of public prosecutions Sir Keir Starmer, who left the frontbench team in June, returns as shadow Brexit secretary.
Mr Corbyn, who was hit by a wave of front bench resignations and a no-confidence vote from the majority of his own MPs in the wake of the EU referendum result, was re-elected with an increased mandate from the wider party membership last month.
Some roles had remained unfilled in the interim.
The decision to sack Dame Rosie Winterton - who was brought in to replace Nick Brown as Labour chief whip in 2010 - was met with a rush of tributes to her by senior figures including former leader Ed Miliband and former deputy leader Harriet Harman.
Neil Coyle MP tweeted: "There were plenty of spaces to fill in shadow cabinet if Nick Brown wanted one. Sacking unifying chief whip shows 'reaching out' meant nothing." His colleague Tom Blenkinsop accused Mr Corbyn of "seeking submission not unity".
BBC political correspondent Iain Watson said many Labour MPs had expressed disappointment that she had gone. Dame Rosie was seen as someone, behind the scenes, who stood up for MPs' interests against the party leader, he added.
Labour's new shadow cabinet in full
But Ms Butler, who supported Andy Burnham's Labour leadership bid in 2015, against Mr Corbyn, said she believed Mr Corbyn's reshuffle was an attempt at unifying the party.
"Jeremy has shown that he is a leader," she said and was "making sure we have a full shadow cabinet to take on the government on Monday".
She said Nick Brown's return, having served under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, showed "that Jeremy isn't scared of putting someone in a position who doesn't really support him but will do an excellent job as a chief whip".
"I think that shows great guts," she told the BBC.
Mr Brown was chief whip between 2008 and 2010 under Gordon Brown's premiership - during which time, BBC analysis shows that Mr Corbyn rebelled 100 times, voted with the government 511 times and was absent 254 times.
Jo Stevens, who has been brought in as the new shadow Welsh secretary, told BBC Radio 4's Today programme she agreed with Ms Butler that Mr Corbyn had reached out to unify the party.
"I was one of the senior people in Owen Smith's leadership campaign and he's offered me a place on the shadow cabinet," she said.
"The Labour Party is a collective and we're there to hold the government to account," she added. "That's why I stayed in my post in the summer and accepted the job."
Ms Stevens said there would be opportunities on "plenty of issues" to unite the party against the Conservatives.
But the decision to promote Baroness Chakrabarti, who became a Labour peer shortly after holding an inquiry into anti-Semitism in the Labour Party and concluding that it was "not overrun" by racism, was met with some criticism from Jewish groups.
Board of Deputies Vice President Marie van der Zyl said: "We are disappointed, but sadly unsurprised, that once again Shami Chakrabarti and Jeremy Corbyn have spectacularly undermined her so-called 'independent' report. We hoped her report would be a potent weapon in the fight against anti-Semitism. It now looks increasingly like the whitewash was a job application."
Ms Butler was later asked on BBC Radio 5 live whether her diverse communities brief included the Jewish community.
She said: "Yes, I hope so," adding: "As you know, it's a new brief, so we are still kind of looking at what it will include in its entirety."
Later she said she would be talking to the Jewish community about their concerns about anti-Semitism in the party.
Sir Keir Starmer stood down from his shadow home office minister post in June. He will now join shadow foreign secretary Emily Thornberry, shadow international trade secretary Barry Gardiner, new shadow economic secretary Jonathan Reynolds and shadow chancellor John McDonnell on Labour's "shadow Brexit team".
Sarah Champion has been made shadow women and equalities minister.


Paul Joseph Watson, the UK-based editor of far-right conspiracy website Infowars, has donated $2,000 to one of the hundreds of reporters who took him up on his Twitter offer to pay "any journalist claiming Sweden is safe" to stay in Malmo.

The donation comes after Sweden was thrown into the spotlight by US President Donald Trump's reference last week to a security incident which did not actually happen.
President Trump has since sought to clarify his remarks, stating that his comments were "in reference to a story that was broadcast on Fox News concerning immigrants and Sweden".
After many social media users ridiculed the American leader using the hashtag #lastnightinSweden, Mr Watson issued a challenge to journalists.
Malmo has a large immigrant population.
Last October, the so-called Islamic State group claimed responsibility for a fire at a Muslim community centre there, an incident cited by the White House in the list of incidents it claimed had been under-reported by the media.
In a follow-up post, subsequently deleted, Mr Watson wrote: "All you lefty idiots accepting a 'trip to Sweden'. Can you read? I said you'd be staying here. Good luck".
The post featured a number of images to illustrate his point, including a photograph of anti-Israel protesters from the 2009 Davis Cup tennis match between Sweden and Israel.
Hundreds of people offered their services, including comedian Al Murray and journalist Laurie Penny.
Mr Watson has since donated $2,000 to a US journalist, Tim Pool. Mr Pool has pledged to "investigate the claims of 'no-go zones' and a rise in crime that people believe are coming from migrants and refugees".
In a video posted on his YouTube channel, Mr Pool says: "This is a highly politicised phenomenon, with one faction saying it's true and you're denying it for political reasons, and the other side saying it's false and you're pushing the story for political reasons.
"I don't side with anybody. I'm a sceptic."
Malmo's deputy mayor Nils Karlsson has promised any visiting journalists a warm welcome.
By UGC and Social News team


An aristocrat caused a three-vehicle crash after ignoring signs which said a turning on to a busy highway was closed, a jury heard.

Lady Susan Zetland was driving to the gym when she tried to turn right at the Hargill junction of the A66, near Scotch Corner, in North Yorkshire.
Teesside Crown Court heard there were signs warning motorists the turning was closed and cones preventing it.
Lady Zetland, of Aske Hall, near Richmond, denies dangerous driving.
The 77-year-old admitted causing the crash between her vehicle, a car and a truck on 4 July, but maintains her driving had been careless.
Prosecutor Paul Newcombe told the court the marchioness had already almost hit a lorry when she tried to pull out, but immediately tried again.
Her actions caused a Nissan Qashqai to smash into the side of her vehicle, which caused her to spin across the carriageway where she was hit by a truck.
Mr Newcombe said the wife of Lawrence Mark Dundas, the 4th Marquess of Zetland, admitted she "did not keep a proper look out for traffic".
Dashcam footage from the Qashqai, which showed her Â£30,000 Subaru narrowly missing the HGV before pulling out into the road, was shown to the jury.
"It's not just a case of careless driving but driving that falls far below that of a competent driver," said Mr Newcombe.
Rod Hunt, defending, said two of the signs on the A66 approach were incorrect as they stated there was no access to the road and one of the cones was missing, leaving a gap.
Giving evidence, Lady Zetland said she thought she was allowed to drive straight across the carriageway because she had seen a van do so.
She also said she saw no signs stating a contraflow traffic system was in operation.
The trial continues.


Jordie Barrett will make his first start for the All Blacks in the decisive third and final Test against the Lions at Eden Park on Saturday.

The 20-year-old starts at full-back, while older brothers Beauden and Scott are at fly-half and on the bench.
Ngani Laumape earns his first start at 12, Israel Dagg plays on the right wing and Julian Savea returns on the left.
Captain and number eight Kieran Read will win his 100th cap, with the three-Test series level at 1-1 .
The Lions name their squad at 20:00 BST.
The All Blacks won the first Test, before the Lions fought back to defeat a New Zealand side reduced to 14 men in the second.
Sonny Bill Williams was subsequently banned for four weeks after being sent off for his head-high challenge on Anthony Watson last Saturday and, with 24-year-old Laumape filling Williams' place at inside centre, Malakai Fekitoa comes on to the bench.
New Zealand head coach Steve Hansen said he expected the third and final Test to be a "cracker".
"It's the series we expected it to be, as the Lions have quality players," he added.
"It now comes down to this Saturday - the winner takes all - and that'll create its own unique pressures and it's going to be interesting to see how both sides cope with it."
New Zealand team to face Lions: Jordie Barrett; Israel Dagg, Anton Lienert-Brown, Ngani Laumape, Julian Savea; Beauden Barrett, Aaron Smith; Joe Moody, Codie Taylor, Owen Franks, Brodie Retallick, Sam Whitelock, Jerome Kaino, Sam Cane, Kieran Read.
Replacements: Nathan Harris, Wyatt Crockett, Charlie Faumuina, Scott Barrett, Ardie Savea, TJ Perenara, Aaron Cruden, Malakai Fekitoa.


There has been a significant rise in the number of people in Europe infected by a strain of E. coli which has led to the deaths of 17 people, officials say.

More than 1,500 people in nine nations - though mostly in Germany - have been infected by enterohaemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC), which can cause the deadly haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS).
The death toll in Germany has risen to 16, with officials saying an 84-year-old woman with HUS had died on Sunday.
The outbreak's source is not yet known.
Earlier, the Spanish government said it was considering legal action against the authorities in Hamburg for wrongly blaming its produce.
"We do not rule out taking action against the authorities who called into question the quality of our products," Deputy Prime Minister Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba told radio Cadena Ser.
Spain's fruit and vegetable exporters estimate they have been losing more than 200m euros ($290m; Â£174m) since the outbreak emerged.
E. coli outbreak: Your views
Germany has admitted the bacteria did not come from Spain as initially reported, but said the decision to issue the warning had been correct as a different strain of E.coli was present in Spanish cucumbers.
"Hundreds of tests have been done and the responsible agencies... have determined that most of the patients who have been sickened ate cucumbers, tomatoes and leaf lettuce and primarily in northern Germany," German Agriculture Minister Ilse Aigner said.
"The states that have conducted the tests must now follow back the delivery path to see how the cucumbers or tomatoes or lettuce got here."
The Robert Koch Institute, the German federal institution responsible for disease control, said on Wednesday afternoon that 1,534 people in the country had been infected by EHEC.
EHEC is a deadly strain of E. coli bacteria, which is found in the digestive systems of cows, humans and other mammals.
On Tuesday, the RKI reported 1169 cases of EHEC, and said 470 people were suffering from HUS, up from 373 on Monday.
Sources: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and the Robert Koch Institute, UK Health Protection Agency
Experts said the number was unprecedented in modern medical history because HUS normally occurred in 10% of EHEC infections. They warned that the strain could be more dangerous than anything previously seen.
"There may well be a great number of asymptomatic cases out there that we're missing," Paul Hunter, a professor of health protection at the University of East Anglia, told the Associated Press.
"This could be a much bigger outbreak than we realise right now."
"There might also be something genetically different about this particular strain of E. coli that makes it more virulent."
But the European Commissioner for Health and Consumer Policy, John Dalli, ruled out any need for a ban on cucumbers, or for a warning against travelling to northern Germany.
"The outbreak is limited geographically to an area surrounding the city of Hamburg," he told reporters.
"It appears the outbreak is on the decline."
About half of the HUS patients in Hamburg clinics have suffered neural disorders three to five days after falling ill, such as epileptic fits and slurred speech, according to the German newspaper, Die Welt.
Germany typically sees a maximum of 50 to 60 annual cases of HUS, which has a fatality rate of up to 5%, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Unusually, more than 60% of the EHEC cases in Germany have been women - 88% over the age of 20 - and nearly 90% of the HUS cases have been women over the age of 20, officials have said.
Experts have said this may be because women were the ones most likely to be eating fresh produce or handling food in the kitchen.
In addition to Germany, cases of EHEC have also been reported in eight other European countries - Austria, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK, the WHO said. All but two of those infected either live in Germany or recently travelled to Germany.
Fifteen cases of HUS and one related death have also been reported in Sweden, seven cases in Denmark, three in the Netherlands, two in the UK, and one in Spain, according to the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control.
Several countries have taken steps to curtail the outbreak, such as banning cucumber imports and removing the vegetables from sale.
Health authorities have also advised people to wash fruit and vegetables thoroughly, to do the same with all cutlery and plates, and to wash their hands before meals.


Neil Lennon hopes to help Anthony Stokes back to his best should the striker return to Hibs, as he prepares to sign Juventus' Vykintas Slivka.

Lithuania midfielder Slivka, 22, is due to arrive in Edinburgh this week to complete a season-long loan deal.
But Hibs' head coach has still to hear whether Stokes will accept what Lennon described as a "strong offer" to the striker released by Blackburn Rovers.
"I do think his best years came under me at Celtic," said Lennon.
"So that will certainly work in my favour."
Stokes helped Hibs win the Scottish Cup 15 months ago, but the 29-year-old Republic of Ireland international started only four games after signing for Blackburn last summer.
Lennon believes that Stokes has put off-field issues behind him and said: "I'm trying to bring him in because he's a good player.
"He's won championships, he's won cups and his best performances have come when he's played in Scotland, whether it be here, Falkirk or Celtic.
"So it's an environment that he's very comfortable in and can prosper in.
"I can't comment on his personal issues, but the majority of those issues are resolved and behind him now.
"It's important that he gets back playing football. He has a bit to prove to people, but he has qualities that will enhance us.
"If we can get the deal done then great. If we can't, we move on."
Lennon is also keeping a slot in his squad free for another of his former Celtic players, midfielder Kris Commons, who had a loan spell at Easter Road last season.
The 33-year-old, who is currently recovering from back surgery following his summer release by the Scottish champions, says he will only take up the option if he can regain the strength required to make a mark for Hibs.
Lennon, though, believes that the former Scotland international is far from finished at the top level.
"Kris is a very proud individual," he said. "He knows there's an interest from us - but nothing more than that.
"He has to prove his fitness. He knows himself, it's a back operation, it's going to keep him out for a couple of months, but it's not career threatening.
"I still think he has plenty of football in him. When he came here last season, he wasn't fit but still scored two goals in five appearances.
"If he comes through the op okay and can get himself back up to full speed then he will be an asset to any club.
"But it will be Kris' decision whether he signs ultimately."
Meanwhile, Lennon confirmed that Deivydas Matulevicius will miss Tuesday night's League Cup meeting with Arbroath as Hibs are still waiting on international clearance from the Belgian FA following the striker's move from Royal Mouscron.
International team-mate Slivka, capped 19 times, has been with Juventus since joining from Ekranas in 2012 and has had previous loan spells with Modena, Gorica, Den Bosch and Ascoli, playing six times for the Serie B outfit last season.


Thousands of web-based databases have been deleted by cyberthieves seeking a ransom to restore the data.

Gigabytes of medical, payroll and other data held in MongoDB databases have been taken by attackers, say security researchers.
The systems were vulnerable to attack because their administrators accidentally left them easily accessible via the internet.
Attackers are seeking small amounts of bitcoins as payment to restore data.
The alarm about hackers targeting the vulnerable databases was raised by Victor Gevers - an ethical hacker who currently works for the Dutch government.
Mr Gevers said the attacks started before Christmas but had accelerated once the holiday period was over. Hackers were using automated scanning tools scouring the net for the telltale signature of unsecured MongoDB systems, he said.
Once they identified potential victims, attackers checked the data to see if it had any value and, if it did, deleted it and replaced it with a ransom note.
Mr Gevers said he had been racing to warn administrators of vulnerable systems to turn off net access to avoid falling victim.
"I am being flooded with requests for help," he said, adding that the number of systems hit by attackers had now exceeded 5000. Victims include hospitals, small businesses and educational institutions.
Currently three separate groups appear to be targeting vulnerable MongoDB systems, according to the different ransom notes left in deleted databases. Ransom fees range from 0.2 bitcoins (£155) to 0.5 bitcoins (£390).
In some cases, said Mr Gevers, attackers were simply deleting data with no intention of restoring it when the ransom was paid. He said his advice was not to pay until a firm was sure that data had been copied.
Security architect Kevin Beaumont, who has also been helping vulnerable firms harden their systems against attack, said MongoDB was popular because it was free and straightforward to use.
"What would have taken a database analyst and network security engineers some time to set up a few years ago takes minutes in the age of cloud computing," he said. "It's incredibly easy to deploy."
Mr Beaumont said MongoDB used to let anyone access it by default. That had changed in newer versions but many organisations were still running the older versions that were wide open.
"While applying a password on sensitive data seems like common sense, the reality is hundreds of thousands of databases are going online without any form of security whatsoever," he added.  "This problem has been known for years and continues to grow."


Glamorgan will stage their first senior cricket match in Newport for more than a quarter of a century in the summer of 2016.

They will take on Pakistan A in a 50-overs encounter on 15 July at Spytty Park.
The county previously played at the Rodney Parade ground between 1936 and 1990.
But Newport CC moved out and the ground, next to the rugby stadium, was re-developed as a school.
Spytty Park has already been used for Glamorgan second team and Wales Minor Counties fixtures.
Newport was the venue for Glamorgan's record individual score for many years, as Emrys Davies hit 287 not out against Gloucestershire in 1939.
His score was overtaken by Steve James' innings of 309 not out against Sussex in Colwyn Bay in 2000.
Remarkably Davies' score was not the highest in Newport, as England batsman Wally Hammond made 302 for Gloucestershire in the same match.
The July date for Glamorgan comes the day after a T20 match away to Hampshire, and could see the county make a number of personnel changes.


Andy Murray has been knocked out of the ATP World Tour Finals after being beaten by Stan Wawrinka.

The Swiss fourth seed won their final group match in straight sets 7-6 6-4.
"My timing wasn't there certainly the last few days," said Murray.
"I made way too many errors the last two matches."
The season isn't over for Murray just yet though, as he heads to Belgium next week for Great Britain's first Davis Cup final since 1978.
Wawrinka is now through to the semi-finals where he'll play Roger Federer.
World number one Novak Djokovic will take on fifth seed Rafael Nadal in the other half of the draw.


A new study by UK neuroscientists probes how the human brain navigates underground train networks.

They find that we split the task into a hierarchy of different jobs, with different elements apparently handled in different parts of the brain.
Particular parts of the cortex, for example, show greater activity if extra line changes are required; other regions simply become more excited as the overall goal inches closer.
The work appears in the journal Neuron.
It arises from a collaboration between Oxford University, University College London and Google's artificial intelligence firm DeepMind.
AI researchers are keen to learn from the brain's ability to plan a complex task by grouping together various actions and outcomes.
This type of strategy is much more efficient than rattling through all the possible ramifications of each individual step - such as a simple computer program might do.
First author Jan Balaguer, a PhD student at Oxford and also part of the DeepMind team, said in a press release: "We want to see how the human brain implements things like hierarchical structures in order to design more clever algorithms."
Mr Balaguer and colleagues at the Google research outfit were not available to be interviewed on Wednesday.
To study the brain during this type of structured planning, the team set up a game that involved getting from A to B on an imaginary subway network. Just like the London Underground and similar systems, the network was represented by intersecting coloured lines with "stations" dotted along them.
Such a situation is a prime example of precisely the sort of planning the team wanted to study: different series of "states" (stations) follow one another in order, within specific "contexts" (lines) which the subject can choose between.
In daily life, we use this sort of grouped-together reasoning to plan and accomplish all manner of things - from cooking a meal to travelling home - but the imaginary subway map offered a very simple instance which could be carried out and observed inside a brain scanner.
Sure enough, when people played the game, they took longer to think about their journeys if they had to "change trains" multiple times, but not if the overall number of "stations" was high.
And there were corresponding patterns of brain activity, suggesting that some brain areas were indeed evaluating the situation "line by line" - and even showed a characteristic flutter of activity when someone switched between those lines.
Those regions included the top-middle (dorsomedial) part of the prefrontal cortex, already known to be part of deliberate cognitive functions like planning, and the premotor cortex, which is involved in guiding movements.
Meanwhile, other areas including the hippocampus - already known to reflect our distance from a goal while we navigate - showed activity that built up as the end of the journey approached.
"We show, in a more straightforward and direct manner than previous studies, that there are hierarchical representations reflected in the brain," Mr Balaguer said.
Google DeepMind has made headlines several times in recent months, attracting attention over a data-sharing agreement with an NHS trust and achieving an AI milestone by beating the world champion at the board game Go.
Because of the fiendish number of possible moves a player can make, this latter challenge is precisely the sort of task that could be assisted by streamlined, hierarchical processing.
Follow Jonathan on Twitter


India and Canada have finalised the terms for their nuclear deal, paving the way for Canadian firms to export uranium to India.

Once implemented, the deal is likely to provide a boost to India's plans to increase its nuclear capacity to meet growing energy demands.
The deal was agreed in 2010, but there had been differences over supervision of the use of uranium in India.
Canada has banned the trade of nuclear materials with India since 1976.
"Canada with its large and high quality reserves of uranium could become an important supplier to the Indian nuclear power programme," India's Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and his Canadian counterpart Stephen Harper said in a joint statement.
India's economy has seen rapid expansion in recent years resulting in a surge in demand for energy in the country.
In a bid to meet its growing energy needs, India has been looking to increase its dependence on nuclear energy.
It is planning to set up some 30 reactors over as many years and get a quarter of its electricity from nuclear energy by 2050.
As a result it has been looking to secure supplies of uranium to achieve that target.
Canada's Prime Minister Stephen Harper said that being able to be a part of India's nuclear power plans was "a really important economic opportunity for an important Canadian industry... that should pay dividends in terms of jobs and growth for Canadians down the road".
Earlier this month, India agreed to begin negotiations on a civil nuclear co-operation agreement with Australia, which holds an estimated 40% of the world's uranium.
Last year, it agreed a deal that will allow South Korea to export its nuclear energy technology to India.


The US has bestowed its highest military honour on a soldier killed in the Civil War Battle of Gettysburg.

First Lt Alonzo Cushing fought for the Union Army in the 1863 battle, often viewed as a turning point in the war.
US President Barack Obama presented the award to members of Cushing's extended family at the White House.
Recommendations for the honour must usually be made within two years of the heroic act, but an exemption for Cushing was granted by Congress.
"Sometimes even the most extraordinary stories can get lost in the passage of time," Mr Obama said during the medal ceremony on Thursday.
"This medal is a reminder that no matter how long it takes, it is never too late to do the right thing."
Born in Wisconsin, Cushing attended the US Military Academy at West Point and later commanded 110 men and six cannons for the Union army during the battle.
His small force was barraged by heavy artillery bombardment and nearly 13,000 advancing enemy soldiers.
Cushing, wounded in the shoulder and stomach, refused to move to the rear and ordered his guns to the front lines of the fight before his death at the age of 22.
Since the 1980s, the soldier's descendants have pushed for him to receive the Medal of Honor - created during the Civil War in which Cushing fought.
The award is granted to service members who risk their lives in acts of personal bravery.
Cushing and two of his brothers, Naval Cmdr William Cushing and Army First Lt Howard Cushing, have a monument to their service in their hometown of Delafield, Wisconsin.


Tattoo and piercing studios in Wales could be made to display scores on the doors in a similar way to restaurants, under Welsh Government plans.

Tougher controls would be brought in for tattoo parlours and clinics under the Public Health Bill.
Anyone performing acupuncture, body piercing, electrolysis and tattooing would need a licence to operate.
The proposed bill also bans under-16s from having intimate piercings including those in the tongue.
There are currently about 350 tattoo premises with licences in Wales, but there are many without, including self-taught tattooists called "scratchers".
Reintroduced for a second time on Monday, the proposed health bill would introduce a compulsory licensing scheme, giving local authorities the power to shut down any rogue business.
There would be enforceable professional hygiene and health standards which could result in prosecutions and fines.
As part of the licensing conditions tattoo artists would be required to give prospective clients consultations, telling a client how permanent the mark on their skin would be.
One new condition of a licence would "prohibit" allowing a procedure on a person who is, or appears to be, intoxicated.
If someone is found to have breached this measure they could have their licence revoked, meaning they would no longer be able to practice in Wales.
Kat Webb, a tattooist with over six years experience at Katdemon Ink, in Whitchurch, Cardiff, said the changes would boost the reputation of the industry.
She said it was surprising how many people came in for a tattoo at the studio and could not understand why artists were wearing aprons.
But she said many in the industry were worried the measures could increase operating costs.
"It's like being a doctor and not gloving up or wearing a mask in surgery," she said, adding the hygiene standards would protect both tattooists and their clients.
If passed the Bill would also make the intimate piercing of children an offence, under moves to protect young people from potential harm.
In Wales there are currently no age restrictions for any body piercing.
Under the rules tongue piercing would be classed as an intimate piercing, meaning if you are under 16 you will not be able to have it done.
Anyone caught piercing the tongue of an underage customer would risk an unlimited fine.


Two women are to stand trial charged with murdering and robbing a man in his Edinburgh flat.

Seka Ritchie, 32, and Tracey McLean, 29, are accused of killing Alexander Duncan at his home in Leith on 16 April 2015.
It is claimed the 59-year-old was hit with a bottle and stabbed with a knife or similar item.
Prosecutors also allege the pair robbed Mr Duncan of his wallet and its contents.
They also face charges of attempting to defeat the ends of justice and attempting to pervert the course of justice.
Ms Ritchie is further accused of four separate assaults in Edinburgh between 2010-2013.
Lawyers for the pair entered not guilty pleas on Friday during a short hearing at the High Court in Glasgow.
Judge Lord Burns set a trial due to start next June in Edinburgh. The case will last about 10 days.


A former milkman has been banned from driving after being caught drunk at the wheel while on an early morning round.

Roderick Cameron, 54, from Perth, lost his job when he was found to be nearly three times over the legal alcohol limit.
He was given a two-year ban at Perth Sheriff Court after he admitted driving with excess alcohol in Crieff's West High Street on 22 July.
Sheriff Fiona Tait also fined Cameron Â£360.
Solicitor David Holmes, defending, said: "He has lost his employment. He drove a milk lorry.
"He had been drinking the night before and thought he was fit to drive."
The sheriff noted that Cameron had a previous conviction for drink driving over a decade ago.


A 29-year-old man from Newtownards has been charged with the murder of a man outside a supermarket in Bangor, County Down.

Colin Horner, 35, was shot dead in front of his three-year-old son on Sunday 28 May.
The man has also been charged with possession of a firearm and ammunition with intent to endanger life.
He is due to appear in court on Monday.


The View singer Kyle Falconer has been filmed giving music lessons to orphans during his stay at a Thai rehab centre.

The Dundee musician and children from a local orphanage are seen playing Stand by Me on ukuleles in a video posted on Lanna Rehab's Facebook page.
The 29-year-old checked himself into the centre near Chiang Mai after being removed from a plane in June after allegedly causing it to be diverted.
Lanna Rehab said it was "proud" of Mr Falconer's community work.
It posted: "Check out how far the kids have progressed, the kids even do lead solos each now.
"I'm not sure who got more out of this project, Kyle or the kids."
The centre said it had set up the Lanna Foundation to contribute funds to the Im Jai School, following the success of Mr Falconer's work with the orphans.
The View released their fifth album Ropewalk last year.


Questions about the size of the BBC and its independence from the government are being asked in the largest ever public consultation on the broadcaster.

The BBC Trust has launched a questionnaire to discover audiences' opinions of the government's proposals for the future of the organisation.
It also asks viewers to rate potential replacements for the licence fee.
"The most important voice in the debate is that of the public," said Trust chairwoman Rona Fairhead.
"We'll ensure it is heard."
Audiences can take part in the survey on http://www.bbc.co.uk/tomorrowsbbc
The questions include: "How important is it that the BBC operates independently from Government and politicians, and from any commercial and business interests?"
It also asks viewers to say whether the BBC should make "more" programmes, or whether it currently "provides far too much".
Licence payers' views will inform the Trust's response to the Government's Green Paper on the future of the BBC.
The paper, published last week, asked whether the corporation should be "narrower" and "cheaper".
It also set out proposals for updating  or replacing the licence fee.
In its initial response to the Green Paper, published alongside the consultation, the Trust said: "The BBC's mission to 'inform, educate, entertain' is well-understood and well-supported by the public and should continue.
"Those three words capture the essence of the BBC, which has always blended distinctive public services with a broad popular appeal. Its future success will depend on getting that blend right."
The Trust, which serves the interests of licence fee payers, rejected calls for the BBC to be funded by subscription, saying it was "at odds with the principle of a universal public service".
It was also critical of the BBC's undertaking to take on the cost of free TV licences for the over 75s.
Making the decision behind closed doors was "regrettable" the Trust said, as "it has served to give an impression that the BBC is another part of Whitehall - which it is not".
The Trust also called for the BBC charter period to be extended to 11 years, to separate negotiations from the general election.
Simultaneously, the National Union of Journalists has launched a legal challenge to the licence fee deal, claiming it is "legally flawed".
The union has written to the BBC Trust saying the deal "unlawfully discriminates against persons under the age of 75, and is in breach of the BBC's rules of governance".
It asks for a substantive reply by 29 July, otherwise it plans to take the decision to the court for judicial review.
In a separate development, the cross-party Culture Select Committee has announced it will hold its own inquiry into the BBC's Charter Renewal.
Conservative MP Jesse Norman, who chairs the committee, said: "BBC Charter Review is a topic which directly or indirectly touches us all.
"That is why it is essential that the arguments made both by the BBC and by the Government be given full and rigorous scrutiny by Parliament, in the public interest."


An international charity that normally helps the victims on natural catastrophes has arrived in Dumfries.

A disaster relief team from the Al-Imdaad Foundation, a  Muslim charity based in Blackburn, Lancashire, crossed the border because they were "heartbroken" by the devastation.
Sofian, who represents the charity, said "We were notified that the people of Scotland were really badly affected.
"We mobilised a team to come here and help out and do whatever we can".
He said the charity felt they had to help in Dumfries despite the desperate situation in their own area in the north of England.
Sofian said: "We tried to bring as many mops and buckets, and as much cleaning supplies, food, water and electrical items as possible.
"At the end of the day, if we can't do anything else we can just offer them the hope that help will always be given to those who need it in our country.
"We were really heartbroken to see what's happened when we seen the pictures."


A rare coin found in York by a man who took up metal detecting a week before has been described as "jaw dropping".

Experts at Yorkshire Museum said the coin was 1,400 years old and is one of only 19 ever found.
The Anglo-Saxon gold shilling was one of the first coins minted in York and is believed to be worth between Â£5,000 and Â£7,000.
It was found at Fulford, near York, by Ian Greig who had only bought a metal detector a week previously.
Mr Greig said he was initially unaware of its importance.
"It was not until a friend of ours, who I had emailed, came back with some pictures of very similar coins that we realised what we had found and its historical significance."
Andy Woods, curator of money and medals at Yorkshire Museum, said the coin, which is smaller than a five pence piece, was a "one-in-a-million" find.
"When Ian first brought it in to me my jaw absolutely hit the floor. It is the first coin ever made in York."
He said: "It was made sometime around 620 to 650 AD and they are incredibly rare. This is only the 19th example of this type of coin ever found."
Mr Woods said the coin had a human figure holding two crosses on one side which might represent Paulinus, the first Bishop of York.
"We cannot say that for certain but it is the right time and the right place."
As the coin was found on its own it is not classed as treasure under the Treasure Act so ownership rests with the finder and the landowner, Fulford Parish Council.
Mr Greig said despite an offer from a private collector he would prefer it to be on public display and is in discussions with Yorkshire Museum about them acquiring the coin.


Zambian miners have killed a Chinese manager by pushing a mine trolley at him during a riot at a coal mine in the south of the country.

A second Chinese was injured, as were several Zambians, during the riot on Saturday.
The workers were on strike at the mine in protest against delays in implementing a new minimum wage.
They were angry their wages were lower than a new minimum of $220 (Â£140) a month paid to shop workers.
Zambia's minister of labour has gone to the Chinese-owned Collum coal mine in Sinazongwe, 325km (200 miles) south of the capital, Lusaka.
"Wu Shengzai, aged 50, has been killed by protesting workers after being hit by a trolley which was pushed towards him by the rioting miners as he ran away into the underground where he wanted to seek refugee," Southern province police commissioner Fred Mutondo told state news agency, the Zambia News and Information Services.
"He died on the spot while his colleague is in hospital."
Last year, the Zambian government dropped charges against two Chinese managers accused of attempted murder after they fired on miners at the Collum mine during a pay dispute.
Chinese firms own several mines in southern African countries, including coal and copper operations.
Copper mining is one of Zambia's main industries, providing nearly three-quarters of the country's exports; many of the mining companies are foreign-owned, and China has invested more than $400m (Â£250m) in Zambia.
A 2011 report by Human Rights Watch (HRW) said that, despite improvements in recent years, safety and labour conditions at Chinese mines were worse than at other foreign-owned mines.


The last of six Victoria Crosses "won before breakfast" by the Lancashire Fusiliers during the Gallipoli landings has been reunited with the other five.

The Fusilier Museum in Bury was searching for the medal for a centenary exhibition to start on 25 April.
It owned two, was loaned three and has now been handed the remaining VC, won by Maj Cuthbert Bromley, which was last heard of in the 1980s.
Maj Bromley's nephew Nick handed the medal to the museum.
The Six VCs Before Breakfast exhibition will be the highlight of the museum's special programme over the weekend of 25-26 April - the first time the VCs have been displayed in one place.
Staff traced Maj Bromley's family through genealogical research after first appealing to find the medal in January 2014.
The major, who was temporarily promoted from captain, received Britain's highest award for bravery along with Cpl John Grimshaw, Pte William Keneally, Sgt Alfred Richards, Sgt Frank Stubbs and Capt Richard Willis for their actions when the 1st Battalion Lancashire Fusiliers landed at Gallipoli in Turkey on the morning of 25 April 1915.
The battalion lost more than half of its men as they landed on W Beach, which was later renamed Lancashire Landing.
Maj Bromley was honoured in his local church, St Leonard's, Seaford and had a road named after him in the East Sussex town.
Eighteen men from the Lancashire regiment were awarded the VC during World War One.
All six medals will be displayed until 16 May.


Former teacher Charles Napier has been sentenced to 13 years in prison for sexually abusing 23 boys between 1967 and 1983.

He admitted 30 indecent assault charges and one offence of indecency towards a child. All his victims were under 16.
Many of the counts included multiple incidents and are estimated to account for hundreds of individual assaults.
Napier, from Sherborne in Dorset, was at one time treasurer of the Paedophile Information Exchange.
The group campaigned on behalf of paedophiles in the 1970s and 1980s.
The judge said there was "no doubt" he had become a teacher because of the proximity it offered him to young boys, some of whom had been "dramatically damaged" by his crimes.
The court heard that one boy was indecently assaulted on eight separate occasions between 1969 and 1972.
Napier forced another boy to commit a sex act on him.
Francis Wheen, a victim of Napier who has waived his right to anonymity, told the BBC how the teacher would win boys' trust by offering them sweets, fizzy drinks and cigarettes.
He related that he stayed away from Napier after the teacher tried to put his hand down his shorts, but others had suffered more serious abuse which left them "very badly damaged".
"He was in a position of trust which he abused wholesale," said Mr Wheen.
He was cleared of one other charge in October because of lack of evidence.
Much of the abuse took place in a workshop at the school where he taught.
Napier is the half-brother of Conservative MP John Whittingdale.
He left the school in the early 1970s and went on to hold jobs working with children in Cairo and Sweden.
Prosecuting, Peter Clement said Napier "exploited his role and his position of trust for his own sexual gratification".
Acting Detective Chief Inspector Keith Braithwaite described Napier as "an arrogant, controlling and manipulative individual who has shown no remorse".
Det Chief Insp Braithwaite thanked those who came forward to give evidence, adding that he hoped the sentence indicated how seriously the courts take such offences.
He was arrested in 2013 as part of Operation Cayacos, one strand of Scotland Yard's wider investigation into historical child abuse called Operation Fairbank.
Operation Fairbank was launched in 2012 after Labour MP Tom Watson wrote to the police about allegations of a paedophile ring linked to Westminster.
During interviews with the police Napier told officers he had been "completely out of control" and was "desperately sorry" for his actions.


Plans for new data protection rules in the UK have been confirmed in the Queen's Speech.

They will give young people the right to demand social networks delete any personal data they had shared prior to turning 18.
The Queen said the UK would retain its "world-class" data protection regime.
The proposed Data Protection Bill will reflect plans described in the Conservative Party manifesto ahead of the general election in June.
In a document further detailing its plans, the government said its key priorities were:
The government also said it would implement the General Data Protection Regulation - new EU data protection rules due to come into force in 2018.
It said the new UK bill would ensure the country met its obligations while a member of the EU, and would help the UK maintain its "ability to share data with other EU members states and internationally after we leave the EU".
The new bill will replace the Data Protection Act 1998.
Responding to the speech, a spokesman for the technology industry trade body techUK said: "We support the government's commitment to maintain the UK's world-class protection of people's personal data.  This will include implementing the General Data Protection Regulation, the biggest transformation of data protection rules in a generation."
The announcement was also welcomed by Nick Taylor, managing director at business consultancy Accenture Strategy.
"This new data protection law is the news that many companies have been waiting for to accelerate their GDPR programme and make it a concrete part of their business," he said.
"Companies now have certainty that they will have to comply with tougher rules, and this gives them the incentive, and need to get their GDPR programme right."


Former BBC Economics Editor Stephanie Flanders is to chair the judges of the 2016 Baillie Gifford Prize for Non-Fiction.

The winner of the award, previously known as the Samuel Johnson Prize, will receive £30,000.
It aims to recognise high quality non-fiction works published in English.
It is open to books in the areas of current affairs, history, politics, science, sport, travel, biography and the arts.
Flanders, now a chief market strategist at JP Morgan Asset Management, said: "The Samuel Johnson Prize has helped changed the way we think about non-fiction writing in this country, with a yearly reminder that great books truly can come out of anywhere - and anything.
"Personally I'm delighted to be chairing the award in its new incarnation."
Prize director Toby Mundy said: "This is the beginning of a very significant new chapter in the story of Britain's most prestigious non-fiction prize."
Submissions will be accepted from 23 May, with the winner announced on 15 November.


The government's industrial strategy shows little evidence of a long-term approach, say MPs.

They called the plans a continuation of existing policies rather than the step change that's needed.
The Prime Minister highlighted the strategy as part of her plan to create an economy that works for everyone.
The government insists that the recent industrial strategy green paper represents an ambitious long-term vision for the UK.
The report by the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy select committee welcomed the government's "re-found commitment" to an industrial strategy.
It called Prime Minister Theresa May's rhetoric on the issue a "significant shift" from the approach of governments over the past 40 years.
"There's tantalising glimpses that there is something significant happening here," said committee chairman Iain Wright.
But he warned that the government's approach "appears to be evolutionary" and reflects a continuation of policies.
He warned that "business as usual" approach will not achieve the significant shift needed and that the industrial strategy will fall short in providing a framework for future success.
The strategy also provides little clarity on how regional rebalancing will work, according to the committee.
The green paper offered an "open door" challenge to industry to approach government for "sector deals".
But the report called on the government to step back from this.
"One of the things the committee felt quite strongly was that if you just go down a sectoral route you are going to miss the cracks in the middle" said Mr Wright, the MP for Hartlepool.
"And the cracks in the middle could be where the real economic advantages are".
He said the plan could lead to special pleading and that some key areas could miss out.
"What happens if something is really important to the UK economy and they don't come forward with a sectoral deal?"
Instead the committee wants the government to focus on "horizontal" policies that would benefit the wider economy like boosting skills, infrastructure and R&D.
It proposed a "missions" approach instead, targeting some of the key challenges ahead, from the ageing population to decarbonising the economy.
The report also stated that the Prime Minister "has not yet been able to harness the political will across government to drive forward her ambition".
It highlighted the recent housing white paper, which it claimed failed to spell out how the government and the construction industry would work together to tackle the housing shortage.
"The early evidence on things like the housing green paper are not positive in terms of collaboration across government," said Mr Wright.
"How are we going to avoid the silo-based approach that most government departments have, to really co-ordinate government activity in a single direction?"
The MPs said that proposals in the green paper on skills "leave much to be desired."
"After six months in development we expected more than a disappointing combination of re-announcements, continuations of existing policy, and vague aspirations," the report said.
The committee warned that businesses will need to continue to bring in skilled workers from abroad after Britain has left the European Union.
"In the context of negotiations over free movement as part of withdrawal from the EU, government must ensure that businesses continue to be able to access the skills they need," it said.
The department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy said that the recent green paper is the beginning of an open dialogue to develop the strategy.
In a statement it said: "Our modern industrial strategy represents an ambitious long-term vision for the UK that will build on our strengths as a country and deliver a high-skilled economy for the years ahead".
It added that it would consider the findings of the report carefully.


Luis Suarez scored twice as Barcelona cut Real Madrid's La Liga lead to two points by thrashing Las Palmas.

Suarez turned in an Andre Gomes cut-back for the only goal of the first half, but hosts Barca then scored three quick goals after the break.
Lionel Messi tapped in and Suarez then steered a lovely shot into the corner, before Arda Turan made it 4-0.
Aleix Vidal's first goal for the club, placed into the corner from a Paco Alcacer pass, completed the rout.
Elsewhere in La Liga on Saturday, Nicolas Gaitan's eighth-minute goal strengthened Atletico Madrid's hold on fourth place as they beat Real Betis 1-0, while Athletic Bilbao were held 0-0 at Leganes.
Messi's long-term future at the Nou Camp has been the subject of speculation for months, with little sign of progress in negotiations to extend a contract that runs out at the end of next season.
With talks seemingly at a delicate stage, Barcelona sacked an official who appeared to play down the Argentina forward's value to the club.
Pere Gratacos, Barcelona's head of sporting relations, suggested on Friday that it was the club's other big names who make Messi as good as he is.
The controversy did nothing to shake Messi off his stride, though, as he maintained his excellent form.
He went close with a couple of free-kicks, one in each half, while his goal was a classic piece of poaching.
The striker timed his run into the middle perfectly, anticipating that goalkeeper Javi Varas might spill a driven Rafinha cross, and was in the right place to score for the seventh game in a row - his 26th goal of the season.
Having dropped two points - and very nearly three - in a 1-1 draw at Villarreal last weekend, Barcelona had to win here to remain in touch with leaders Real Madrid.
With Real facing a Sunday trip to Sevilla, who started Saturday above Barca in second place, manager Luis Enrique knew this was the weekend to potentially make up ground.
Yet he took a risk in his team selection, resting Andres Iniesta, Gerard Pique and Neymar to keep them fresh for a congested schedule, which includes two Copa del Rey matches against Real Sociedad in the next fortnight.
Enrique was bitten badly by rotation in September when, with one eye on the Champions League, he made seven changes for a home league game against promoted Alaves and lost it 2-1.
This time, there was no slip-up against a Las Palmas side without an away win in La Liga since the season's opening weekend. Turan, called in at Neymar's expense, justified his inclusion by scoring Barcelona's fourth goal, keeping his cool to steer a loose ball into the net after Suarez had sprinted clear and been denied by Varas.
Match ends, Barcelona 5, Las Palmas 0.
Second Half ends, Barcelona 5, Las Palmas 0.
Aleix Vidal (Barcelona) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Marko Livaja (Las Palmas).
Corner,  Las Palmas. Conceded by Paco Alcácer.
Foul by Aleix Vidal (Barcelona).
Kevin-Prince Boateng (Las Palmas) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Offside, Las Palmas. Mauricio Lemos tries a through ball, but Jonathan Viera is caught offside.
Foul by Arda Turan (Barcelona).
Mateo García (Las Palmas) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Ivan Rakitic (Barcelona).
Roque Mesa (Las Palmas) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Aleix Vidal (Barcelona) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jonathan Viera (Las Palmas).
Foul by Jeremy Mathieu (Barcelona).
Kevin-Prince Boateng (Las Palmas) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Paco Alcácer (Barcelona) left footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Arda Turan with a through ball.
Offside, Barcelona. Ivan Rakitic tries a through ball, but Lionel Messi is caught offside.
Goal!  Barcelona 5, Las Palmas 0. Aleix Vidal (Barcelona) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Paco Alcácer.
Attempt blocked. Ivan Rakitic (Barcelona) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Marko Livaja (Las Palmas) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Lionel Messi (Barcelona) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Marko Livaja (Las Palmas).
Attempt saved. Kevin-Prince Boateng (Las Palmas) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Jonathan Viera with a through ball.
Substitution, Las Palmas. Marko Livaja replaces Nabil El Zhar.
Substitution, Barcelona. Jeremy Mathieu replaces Sergio Busquets.
Offside, Barcelona. Lionel Messi tries a through ball, but Arda Turan is caught offside.
Offside, Las Palmas. Míchel Macedo tries a through ball, but Kevin-Prince Boateng is caught offside.
Foul by Arda Turan (Barcelona).
Nabil El Zhar (Las Palmas) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Rafinha (Barcelona) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Roque Mesa (Las Palmas).
Substitution, Barcelona. Paco Alcácer replaces Luis Suárez.
Attempt missed. Mateo García (Las Palmas) left footed shot from the left side of the box is too high. Assisted by Jonathan Viera.
Corner,  Barcelona. Conceded by Mauricio Lemos.
Attempt blocked. Luis Suárez (Barcelona) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Lionel Messi.
Offside, Las Palmas. Mauricio Lemos tries a through ball, but Kevin-Prince Boateng is caught offside.
Offside, Barcelona. Lionel Messi tries a through ball, but Jordi Alba is caught offside.
Substitution, Barcelona. Ivan Rakitic replaces André Gomes.
Substitution, Las Palmas. Mateo García replaces Vicente Gómez.


A teenager who has become the face of a juvenile detention scandal has thanked Australians for their support.

Images of Dylan Voller cuffed to a mechanical restraint chair drew widespread condemnation after they were aired on television.
Australian PM Malcolm Turnbull on Tuesday convened a royal commission to examine treatment of juvenile inmates in the Northern Territory.
In a public letter, Voller said he wanted to make up for his past actions.
"I would just like to thank the whole Australian community for the support you have showed for us boys as well as our families," Voller wrote.
"I would also like to take this opportunity to apologise to the community for my wrongs and I can't wait to get out and make up for them."
The Australian Broadcasting Corp.'s Four Corners programme this week showed footage of teenage offenders stripped naked, assaulted and tear gassed at the Northern Territory's Don Dale Youth Detention Centre.
Voller, who has been convicted of crimes including car theft, robbery and assault, was targeted in a number of incidents.
One of the guards who worked at the juvenile detention centre revealed that Voller had been placed in the restraint chair on multiple occasions.
"I know of three times he was in the restraint chair," said youth detention guard Ben Kelleher.
"Dylan was never so still, he was never so sheepish as he was when he was in that chair. I think he had admitted defeat when it happened.
"I turned up for one shift and Dylan was in the chair and the other two times they were on incident reports I read once I got to work," he said.
What the program showed
In the letter released by his lawyers, Voller also thanked Four Corners for "helping to get the truth out there".
He is eligible for release in August. It will be the first time he has experienced freedom as an adult.
His lawyer called for the young man's immediate release and said his client was "scared for his safety".
The prime minister has refused to widen the scope of the proposed royal commission beyond the Northern Territory, despite pressure from Indigenous groups to do so.
Youth detention rates are three times higher in the Northern Territory than elsewhere in Australia, according to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
Although the institute does not break down Indigenous youth incarceration rates specifically for the Northern Territory, young Indigenous people across Australia are 26 times more likely to be in detention than non-Indigenous youth.
The Northern Territory's attorney-general, John Elferink, has been stripped of his corrections portfolio in the wake of the scandal.


Sixty undocumented migrants from Central America were discovered locked inside a food truck by US officials as they tried to cross the border.

They were found "laying on and within pallets of broccoli lined with a thin sheet of ice", US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) said in a statement.
The temperature inside the truck was 49F (9.5C), and it was padlocked shut with "no means of escape".
Nobody was hurt and the driver was arrested on human smuggling charges.
The CBP reports that the 60 people discovered on Saturday come from Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador and Honduras.
They were transported to the Falfurrias Border Patrol Station for deportation processing after being discovered by a sniffer dog.
Several of the migrants wore hooded jackets and trousers as they lay on the ice.
Rio Grande Valley Sector Chief Manuel Padilla Jr warned of "serious consequences for truck drivers who engage in smuggling".
Last month, 10 migrants died after they were locked inside a truck in Texas.
That truck, which was discovered abandoned in a sweltering San Antonio Walmart car park, may have contained nearly 100 people, officials estimate.
Several migrants fled the scene after officials prised open the truck door.


South Korea is to begin trials of an experimental plasma treatment for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (Mers) which has now killed 19 people.

The treatment - which has already proved useful for tackling other deadly diseases, including Ebola - uses blood from patients who have successfully fought off the same infection.
To date, more than 150 people in the country have been infected with Mers.
Also on Tuesday, Germany reported its first death from the disease.
The 65-year-old man died in a clinic in the north-western city of Osnabruck, German media reports say.
The South Korean health ministry said two hospitals would begin the plasma treatment trials.
The outbreak in South Korea originated from a 68-year-old man who had travelled to the Middle East. He was diagnosed as the country's first Mers patient last month.
Four new cases were reported there on Tuesday, as well as three deaths.
Officials emphasise that the number of new cases is decreasing, but there is still widespread fear and misinformation.
Health workers are spraying disinfectant inside karaoke rooms and other businesses, and teachers are sprinkling salt on school grounds in a misplaced attempt to protect themselves as many schools reopen this week.
There is currently no cure or vaccine that can protect people from Mers.
The disease is caused by a coronavirus from the same family as the one that triggered China's deadly 2003 outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) and is most likely spread by coughs and sneezes.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (Mers)
Mers: The new coronavirus explained
How South Korea is coping with outbreak


Nigeria's president has announced plans to raise spending by 20% next year by borrowing heavily amid falling oil prices

In his first budget since his election victory in March, Muhammadu Buhari said he would spend $31bn (Â£20.8bn) in 2016 on infrastructure and the economy.
However, Nigeria has been hard hit by the falling price of oil.
Petroleum exports make up 90% of total overseas revenue, according to the Opec oil cartel.
The country's budget deficit is expected to double to 2.2 trillion naira ($11bn, Â£7.4bn) next year and Buhari said the government would seek funding overseas of 900bn naira as well as 984bn naira domestically.
Oil prices have fallen from about $55 a barrel since the beginning of the year to around $36-$37 and Mr Buhari said that of the 3.9 trillion naira revenue forecast for 2016, just 820bn will come from crude.
Mr Buhari said: "This huge decline is having a painful effect on our economy. Consumption has declined at all levels. In both the private and public sectors, employers have struggled to meet their salary and other employee related obligations."
The president pledged to improve tax collection and invest in other industries including mining and agriculture. "The Nigerian economy needs to move away from dependency on oil," he said.
Nigeria's unemployment rate is growing, up from 8.2% in the second quarter to 9.9% between July and September according to official figures. Inflation is also rising, hitting 9.4% in September, on fuel shortages and higher food prices.
However, Mr Buhari said he expected Nigeria's economy to grow by 4.4% next year.
"The 2016 budget, as outlined, is designed to ensure that we revive our economy, deliver inclusive growth to Nigerians and create a significant number of jobs," he said.


Bristol Rovers celebrated their first match under their new Jordanian owners with a victory over Morecambe that takes them up to fifth in League Two.

The Al-Qadi family saw their side go behind to Jamie Devitt's penalty when Tom Parkes was penalised for handball.
But Rory Gaffney equalised with a 12-yard volley after away goalkeeper Barry Roche's unconvincing attempts to deal with a Danny Leadbitter cross.
And substitute Billy Bodin's close-range header earned victory late on.
Rovers go sixth, five points adrift of the top three, while Morecambe are in 17th place, 11 points clear of the relegation zone.


Industry and government figures have been attending the annual Oil and Gas UK conference in Aberdeen.

Investment, exploration and new technology form the focus of this year's event at the Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Centre (AECC).
Scotland's Economy Secretary Keith Brown and UK Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change Amber Rudd were among those in attendance.
Discussion on the EU referendum is also playing a part in the two-day event.
Jobs lost as a result of the downturn in the UK oil and gas sector could top 120,000 by the end of this year, according to a report last week.
Industry body Oil and Gas UK has estimated 84,000 jobs linked to the industry went in 2015, with 40,000 losses expected this year.


England need leaders as they look to move forward following the departure of manager Sam Allardyce, says interim boss Gareth Southgate.

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The 46-year-old vacated his role as under-21s boss to take temporary charge of the national team last week.
On Sunday, he named his first squad for the games against Malta and Slovenia.
He confirmed that Wayne Rooney will remain as captain, describing the Manchester United forward as "the outstanding leader in the group".
But he added: "We can't just have one leader, we need a team of leaders. That needs to emerge before we head to Russia [for the World Cup in 2018]."
When asked about retaining striker Rooney as captain, he said: "Wayne bears a big burden for this team. Too much at times.
"After a period of change over the summer and now this month, the most important thing at this time is leadership, both on and off the field, and Wayne has provided that over the last two years.
"The way he has matured into the role is really impressive and there was no doubt in my mind about keeping him in that position."
Allardyce left his post as England manager by mutual agreement with the Football Association last week after just one match and 67 days in charge.
It followed a newspaper investigation claiming he offered advice on how to "get around" rules on player transfers.
Southgate, who revealed he had shared messages with Allardyce following his departure, would not be drawn on whether he had aspirations to succeed him in the role on a permanent basis.
"We have an opportunity to work with young players who need guidance," he said. "We need to provide stability. I have not had chance to think about anything other than this week. Everything else can wait."
"The role is an honour. I am a proud and patriotic Englishman and I am excited by the challenge. It is a wonderful job to have for whatever period of time."
Allardyce's dismissal came about following revelations published by the Daily Telegraph as part of their investigation into alleged corruption in English football.
The paper alleged that eight current or ex-Premier League managers have taken bribes for player transfers, although the agent who made these claims has since told the BBC that he lied.
When asked about the situation, Southgate said: "I am involved in a sport I love and an industry that, at times, I don't like.
"Representing my country was something that I loved and those are the bits that I want to focus on."
Southgate called up Manchester United pair Jesse Lingard and Marcus Rashford plus Stoke full-back Glen Johnson to the squad to face Malta on Saturday, 8 October and Slovenia three days later.
Lingard and Rashford have both recently played for Southgate with the under-21s.
"He [Rashford] was outstanding for us last month," said Southgate. "You can all see his ability but what impressed me most was his mentality. He was still the youngest in the Under-21 squad but took to that no problem at all.
"Jesse is a player we were impressed with in the under-21s. He is establishing himself in Jose's [Mourinho] team which speaks volumes for the level he is hitting. It is an exciting moment to bring him in."
Johnson returns for the first time since the 2014 World Cup.
The former Liverpool and Chelsea right-back, 32, has won 54 caps so far but has only played in three Premier League matches this season following a seven-month lay-off with a knee injury.
"In the past, we have gone young, young, young and there's only so long you can do that," added Southgate.
"In key pressure moments there is a lack of big-match experience. To be able to bring a player in with 50-plus caps was something we thought long and hard about but felt it was the right call."
England squad to face Malta and Slovenia
Goalkeepers: Fraser Forster (Southampton), Joe Hart (Torino, on loan from Manchester City), Tom Heaton (Burnley)
Defenders: Ryan Bertrand (Southampton), Gary Cahill (Chelsea), Phil Jagielka (Everton), Glen Johnson (Stoke), Danny Rose (Tottenham), Chris Smalling (Manchester United), John Stones (Manchester City), Kyle Walker (Tottenham)
Midfielders: Eric Dier (Tottenham), Jordan Henderson (Liverpool), Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain (Arsenal), Michail Antonio (West Ham), Jesse Lingard (Manchester United), Andros Townsend (Crystal Palace), Theo Walcott (Arsenal), Dele Alli (Tottenham)
Strikers: Wayne Rooney (Manchester United), Marcus Rashford (Manchester United), Daniel Sturridge (Liverpool), Jamie Vardy (Leicester)


Gloucester narrowly beat Zebre to deny the Italians a European Challenge Cup quarter-final place.

Zebre led 6-3 at the break, with Edoardo Padovani kicking two early penalties before Billy Burns responded with the boot for Gloucester.
Mark Atkinson went over for Gloucester after Zebre's Federico Ruzza was sin-binned early in the second half.
Fly-half Burns landed penalties either side of Dries van Schalkwyk's late try to seal victory for the trophy holders.
The victory meant Gloucester progress as the only team in the competition with an unblemished record.
Only five of the starting XV that secured top spot in the group and safe passage to the last eight with victory against La Rochelle seven days earlier retained their place for the trip to Parma.
There was no room for Matt Kvesic, the only Cherry and Whites player included in Eddie Jones' new-look England squad, for the last group game.
Worcester, who lost 35-11 to La Rochelle on Friday, finished bottom of Pool Four, 16 points adrift of Gloucester.
Gloucester scrum coach Trevor Woodman told BBC Gloucestershire:
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"I don't think it was about getting a try bonus point, it was really about coming out here and getting the victory. You hear coaches say they would sooner win ugly and that was certainly the way of it today.
"It was good that we showed character at the end to be able to get back in the game, get ourselves in front and  finish it off. Was it pretty ? Not really, but it doesn't need to be all the time.
"This has been a period where we've been able to rest a lot of players so they'll be fresh and ready to go. There's no LV Cup this year, and we now have 10 Premiership games in a row and over 10 weeks we'll need the whole squad. It's going to be a big battle and it'll pretty much decide where we are at the end of the season."
Zebre: Van Zyl; Berryman, Boni, Pratichetti, L Sarto; Padovani, Palazzani; De Marchi, Fabiani, Ceccarelli, Bernabo, Bortolami (capt), J Sarto, Cook, Van Schalkwyk.
Replacements: Coria Marchetti, Postiglioni, Roan, Koegelenberg, Ruzza, Burgess, Beyers, Haimona.
Gloucester: Cook; Halaifonua, Meakes, Atkinson, McColl; Burns, Heinz; Thomas, Lindsay, Doran-Jones, Latta, Galarza, Ludlow, Rowan (capt), Morgan.
Replacements: Dawidiuk, Wood, McNulty, Hicks, Stooke, Braley, Sharples, Evans.
Referee: Gary  Conway (Ireland)
For the latest rugby union news follow @bbcrugbyunion on Twitter.


A £60m programme to tackle youth unemployment in the south west of Scotland has been launched with backing from the European Union.

The funding comes from a scheme targeting areas across Europe with high levels of youth joblessness.
The Scottish Funding Council and local authorities will be able to use the funds until December 2018 on initiatives supporting young people.
The Scottish government welcomed the news as a "fantastic boost".
The European Commission's Youth Employment Initiative is focused on areas across the EU where youth unemployment levels reached 25% or more based on 2012 figures.
Fair Work and Skills Secretary Roseanna Cunningham said: "The investment being announced today will provide a fantastic boost to efforts to improve employment prospects in the area and should be welcomed by young people and employers alike."
Infrastructure and Investment Secretary Keith Brown added: "While the most recent European youth employment figures show that Scotland compares well to a large number of member states, we know that challenges remain.
"The Youth Employment Initiative again demonstrates the value of working with the European Commission to drive forward our economic growth."


Gunshots were ringing out in the streets around the central prison in Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo, on Saturday as groups of three policemen armed with assault rifles went door-to-door in apparent search operations after a night of violence and looting.

Burnt-out tyres, broken glass and concrete blocks littered the neighbourhood's only tarmac road, and an armoured truck was parked outside the prison itself.
Similar trucks have been patrolling the streets of the capital for most of this week, with their turret-mounted machine guns hidden under protective bags. This time, the weapon was gleaming in the sun.
"There have been killings and looting, young men have died and a bakery was ransacked," angry residents shouted.
When asked who had committed those crimes, they answered in a chorus: "Soldiers, policemen!"
An officer heading one of the police squads waved the BBC car through and played down the violence. "We're only using plastic bullets," he said.
The head of the national police, Charles Bisengimana, has acknowledged that his force had killed at least four people in Kinshasa since the presidential result was announced on Friday afternoon - three looters and one woman hit by a stray bullet.
The UN-sponsored station Radio Okapi put the death toll at six in the capital.
"We only use non-lethal equipment to disperse protest marches, but policemen who protect buildings or people had to use weapons," Gen Bisengimana said.
He also warned that armed police would be used against "armed groups linked to the opposition" after one policeman was shot dead on Thursday and another one injured by gunfire on Saturday.
The situation was under control, he added.
More reports of violence came from the central city of Mbuji-Mayi, where official tallies show that 97% of voters supported the opposition candidate Etienne Tshisekedi.
The president of the local civil society committee said one man had died there and members of the security forces had arrested numerous people or stolen their belongings.
Another civil society leader, Willy Wabo, was murdered overnight in North Kivu province, in the east of the country. A local journalist said Mr Wabo had vigorously denounced irregularities in the electoral process.
The Kinshasa voters who have been burning tyres and breaking down electricity poles on Saturday are also putting the election result in doubt.
"We are really disappointed. We voted for Tshisekedi, now we are told it's Kabila. That's why we are angry," a local woman said.
Election observers are now scrutinising the detailed results posted by the electoral commission on its website following the announcement of President Kabila's re-election on Friday evening.
Several electoral observation missions, including the Carter Centre, are expected to issue reports in the coming days on the credibility of the paper trail from each of the 63,000 polling stations to the final tally.
Already, some trends from the raw data are striking: The number of polling stations where the results were discarded by the electoral commission because of electoral violence or logistical problems is consistently higher in areas where the opposition vote was high.
For example, nearly one in five polling stations in Kinshasa was not included in the election result, compared to less than 1% in Katanga. Two-thirds of Kinshasa voters chose Mr Tshisekedi, while 90% of those in Katanga voted for Mr Kabila.
In Mr Kabila's home village of Manono, more voters cast their ballots than were registered on the list, resulting in a turnout rate of 100.14%.
According to official figures, only one person in that entire constituency voted for Mr Tshisekedi.


Manchester should be given income-tax raising powers and complete control of spending within five years, a centre-right think tank has said.

The proposals, published ahead of the Scottish independence referendum, could form a blueprint for full devolution to English cities, ResPublica said.
Its report proposes devolving power to a Greater Manchester assembly.
Ministers said they wanted to devolve more powers but that creating another tier of government was not the answer.
Phillip Blond, director of ResPublica, said: "For decades we've watched England's cities sliding into decline.
"This is why England needs devolution."
Scotland's independence referendum - and the extensive new powers promised even in the event of a No vote - has refocused attention on local powers in the rest of the UK.
ResPublica said a Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) with an elected mayor and assembly as in London, should first be given power over property taxes and then income taxes and the right to reinvest savings to increase revenue.
Analysis
Arif Ansari, Political Editor, North West
After decades of centralisation, there's a growing consensus that England cities should be granted greater autonomy.  The three major Westminster parties have plans which move in similar directions.
Manchester, Liverpool and Preston have all negotiated "city deals" which the government hopes will give them economic rocket boosters, benefiting the UK as a whole.  Greater Manchester's combined authority is seen by Whitehall as a great example of what can be achieved.  Greater powers for Scotland would only amplify those calls.
But there are challenges. There were public rows as the Liverpool combined authority, six councils across Merseyside and part of Cheshire, got underway earlier this year.  Some authorities fear being dominated by the big city.  And while local authority leaders want more power, some worry there's a lack of democratic accountability for the new bodies.
Most voters don't want more politicians.  Even so, directly-elected mayors for the big city regions remain on the agenda.
The new authority would also be expected to commit to devolving further to localities within its area, according to the "Devo Max - Devo Manc" report.
Mr Blond said: "Financial freedom must come to Greater Manchester. Its population is bigger than Northern Ireland's. Its economy is bigger than Wales'. And it has a higher growth rate than Scotland.
"This is why it should be able to set its own taxes. It should have an elected mayor.
"These plans outlined in today's report will allow it to turn its fortunes around, lifting the population out of the doldrums. This is a blueprint for independence for cities in England."
Lord Peter Smith, chairman of the GMCA - which brings together the area's 10 existing authorities - welcomed the report, and said devolution for city regions could reduce public spending and boost growth.
"This full devolution model echoes our ambition, and we welcome ResPublica's view that Greater Manchester would be uniquely placed to pioneer it," he said.
Local Government Secretary Eric Pickles said the coalition government had already delivered "significant" devolution of power and finance to local communities.
"However, localism in England should be about devolving power to the lowest appropriate level - down to councils, to neighbourhoods and to individuals," he said.
"There may be some role for combined authorities on a strategic level to promote economic development and transport, but there is a real risk they will suck power upwards away from local councils and local taxpayers.
"Creating new taxes, more politicians and new tiers of local administration is not the answer - the starting point should be increasing local democracy and local accountability."


New Jersey lawmakers have found no evidence linking Governor Chris Christie to politically-motivated lane closures on a busy bridge to New York.

Mr Christie, a front-runner for the 2016 Republican presidential ticket, has long maintained his own innocence.
The four-day traffic jam was caused when workers closed off two local lanes on to George Washington Bridge, ostensibly to conduct a traffic study.
Previously, an internal investigation cleared him of any wrongdoing.
The matter is still subject to a federal investigation.
Investigators for both reports did not have access to key witnesses who may have held crucial evidence.
The lawyer for the special joint legislative committee, Reid Schar, found no conclusive evidence that Christie was aware of the lane closures.
But he said two former Christie aides acted with "perceived impunity" and with little regard for public safety when they ordered the lanes closed.
It is not clear if or when lawmakers will have greater access to evidence and more findings.


A change to how police are funded is to be put forward by a Welsh peer.

Ex-Plaid Cymru leader Lord Wigley said a bill he will introduce in the Lords would ensure forces have enough money.
Prime Minister Theresa May told MPs on Wednesday her government had protected police funding since 2015 and crime was at a record low.
Lord Wigley's bill stands no chance of becoming law without government support and a lack of parliamentary time means it is unlikely to progress further.
His proposed new law would scrap the current system, where the UK government sets the police budget annually, with regional police and crime commissioners submitting "funding estimates" to the home secretary instead.
An independent adjudication body would resolve any gap between the two.
Lord Wigley said: "Police forces in Wales and in England have been subjected to sustained cuts to their budgets which have undoubtedly detracted from their capacity to support the work of the security services.
"Government funding for the police has been cut by 25% over the past five years and vital aspects of policing and public safety are now under-resourced as a result."
The UK government has said anti-terror budgets have been protected but Lord Wigley said: "Units such as safer neighbourhood teams, which carry out crucial work in support of counter-terrorism efforts, have been cut to the bone.
"Ten years ago, safer neighbourhood teams, which collect intelligence on extremist, gang and criminal activity, would have had six officers including a sergeant and two police constables and they covered, on average, one council ward each.
"Now each team has an average of just three members of staff and cover areas that are 75% bigger than before."
He said his bill sought to make sure police forces had sufficient resources to keep people safe.
"It would ensure that police budgets reflect their needs, allowing vital units such as safer neighbourhood teams to take a greater role in supporting the work of security and intelligence services," Lord Wigley added.


Celtic striker Leigh Griffiths will miss their opening Champions League group match in Barcelona on Tuesday.

Griffiths, 26, suffered a hamstring tear against Aberdeen two weeks ago, which forced him out of Saturday's Old Firm match against Rangers.
Manager Brendan Rodgers confirmed it will also keep him out at the Nou Camp.
"Leigh is a brilliant young player but we have to look after him for the season. He won't be involved against Barcelona," Rodgers told BBC Scotland.
"We got the scan results back and he has a grade one [hamstring tear]. He has had it before and been out for up to seven days.
"He thought he could get through it but it will probably be next weekend [Celtic play Inverness in the Premiership on Sunday] or just after that we will have him back."
Griffiths was Scotland's leading scorer with 40 goals last season and has already notched seven in nine games in the current campaign.
The injury also forced him to withdraw from the Scotland squad for last Sunday's 5-1 win in Malta.


Fourteen mausoleums in the city of Timbuktu in northern Mali have been rebuilt, three years after they were destroyed by Islamist extremists.

The reconstruction was carried out by local stonemasons working for the UN's cultural organisation, Unesco.
On a visit to the city, Unesco's chief said she wanted those responsible for the destruction to be brought before the International Criminal Court.
The entire city of Timbuktu is listed as a World Heritage Site by Unesco.
The city was considered the centre of Islamic learning from the 13th to the 17th Centuries. At one time it counted nearly 200 schools and universities that attracted thousands of students from across the Muslim world.
The mausoleums were shrines to Timbuktu's founding fathers, who had been venerated as saints by most of the city's inhabitants.
But this practice is considered blasphemous by fundamentalists who occupied the city along with much of northern Mali in 2012, until they were forced out by French forces in January 2013.
During their occupation, the militants vandalised and destroyed mosques and mausoleums, and burnt tens of thousands of ancient manuscripts.
Unesco's Irina Bokova, inaugurating the rebuilt mausoleums on Saturday, said the destruction of cultural heritage is considered a war crime under the UN's 1954 Hague Convention.
"Unesco has involved the International Criminal Court with the destruction of the mausoleums," she said.
"Two months ago I met the prosecutor and I believe they are progressing rapidly, and I hope they will be ready to present the case to the ICC."
Local stone masons used traditional building methods and cultural knowledge of the area in the year-long rebuilding of the mausoleums.
Paying tribute to them, Ms Bokova said: "Your work is a lesson in tolerance, dialogue and peace... it is an answer to all extremists whose echo can be heard well beyond the borders of Mali."


Patrick Allen has quit as the managing director of Silverstone

It was reported last month that Allen had been suspended from the post he had held since January 2015 because he was "too close" to Lawrence Tomlinson, who is looking to take over the track.
Allen said: "Some of you may have heard, or seen in the press, some rumours about my departure.
"It is true some allegations were made against me but, for the avoidance of doubt, these have all been withdrawn."
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