Details of the allegations against a dentist involved in the "biggest recall in NHS history" have been released.

Desmond D'Mello faces a fitness to practice hearing at the General Dental Council (GDC) next week.
In 2014, more than 22,000 patients in Daybrook, Nottingham, were recalled, with 4,500 tested for viruses.
Mr D'Mello faces 56 misconduct charges including hygiene failures and prescribing antibiotics without seeing patients.
Dental nurse Caroline Surgey - who worked with Mr D'Mello at the Daybrook Dental Surgery - faces 28 similar charges.
A spokesman for the GDC said: "The charges in full against Mr D'Mello allege that in June 2014, he failed to maintain adequate infection control by not wearing gloves, failing to change gloves between patients and other related hygiene issues.
"It is also alleged that Mr D'Mello managed patients in an inadequate manner, including the way in which he issued prescriptions."
This included allegedly prescribing antibiotics without seeing the patient or making a diagnosis.
The pair's hearing is due to start on 8 August and last three weeks.
Mr D'Mello was originally suspended in August 2014 over hygiene concerns. He later volunteered to stop working in the UK.
Thousands were tested for blood borne viruses and five tested positive for hepatitis C.
One of his patients, Amy Duffield, died shortly after treatment but a coroner concluded her death was not connected to the treatment.


QPR manager Ian Holloway says he is "proud" of Steven Caulker for talking about his struggles with depression, alcohol and gambling addiction.

In June, Caulker told the Guardian he had not gambled since December, nor drunk alcohol since March.
The 25-year-old last played for the R's last October, but Holloway confirmed he is part of his first-team plans.
"Where he now is in his life, to have him back is a special privilege for me," Holloway told BBC Radio London.
"What that must have taken for Steven to admit that as openly as he did is a huge step forward and I'm really proud of him for it.
"He won't get any sympathy anywhere we go away from home and that's football, so I've got to be there to help him deal with all of those things.
"But deep down when he's on the football pitch I don't think the boy's got an issue."


Some advocates of the nuclear deal say it will transform Iran's behaviour over time and make the Islamic republic domestically more liberal, regionally more responsible and internationally more pro-West.

Integration of Iran into the world economy may bring some social and political changes too, but for reformers the ride will not be an easy one.
Before there was a deal, Iran's opponents were talking of Tehran's ambitions to build an atomic bomb and the need to stop it.
After the deal, they moved the goalpost to the Islamic republic's behaviour, namely its poor human rights record and its regional "expansionist" aspirations, saying a deal that lifts international sanctions will empower Iran to fund the latter.
Both Iran and the US have now embarked on a mission to reassure the Arab countries of the Gulf that this will not be the case.
US Secretary of State John Kerry is touring the region trying to sell the 14 July deal - reached between Iran and the US, Russia, China, the UK, France and Germany- that limits Tehran's nuclear programme in return for the lifting of international sanctions.
"Every country engaged in this endeavour and the Gulf states hopes that (Iran's) behaviour will change," Mr Kerry told reporters in Doha, Qatar.
"But we have to prepare for the eventuality that it won't," said Mr Kerry, quoting a long list of military and material support for Arabs to counter Iran's growing regional power.
As America's chief diplomat was courting the Arab countries in their capitals, his Iranian counterpart chose to do the same on a different platform.
On Monday, Mohammad Javad Zarif wrote a piece published in four Arab newspapers in Lebanon, Kuwait, Qatar and Egypt.
"We must all accept the fact that the era of zero-sum games is over, we all win or lose together," wrote Zarif.
When grilled by US congressmen over the deal, Mr Kerry repeatedly said he hoped an Iran that rejoins the international community will not only be less of a threat to its neighbours, but will also open up to the world outside and change from within.
This is exactly what frightens hardliners within the Islamic republic.
They fear that an end to the nuclear conflict and improving ties with the US could lead to an end to a revolution that for 36 years has revolved around fighting "the Great Satan" and strictly imposing religious values on people's everyday lives.
The popularity of President Hassan Rouhani and his government is likely to rise following the nuclear deal and Iranian hardliners will try to counter this on the domestic front by actively blocking any attempts to implement social and political reform.
And they have the means to do so.
Key institutions such as the Judiciary, state radio and television, the police and the military are not controlled by the Rouhani administration, rather by conservatives appointed by the Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
This strategy has been seen before. Under reformist former president Mohammad Khatami, (who led the government from 1997 to 2005) the more foreign and trade ties opened up, the more pressure was exerted on journalists and civil activists.
A crackdown on media, human rights and political activists would send a clear message to Iranians that striking a nuclear deal does not mean an end to revolutionary values.
President Rouhani's possible failure in delivering change in those areas could also fuel disappointment with his government.
The next big battleground will be the elections next February for both parliament and for the Assembly of Experts, the body tasked with appointing and supervising the Supreme Leader.
Ayatollah Khamenei has shown in the past that he prefers to balance the power of a moderate executive branch with a conservative parliament, rather than handing over both to reform-oriented forces that could weaken his own base.
With the prospect of sanctions being lifted, battalions of foreign businessmen have been flocking to Tehran in the past few weeks trying to secure "first mover advantage" before contracts are signed.
Scores of French, German, Italian and Austrian firms have started talks with their Iranian counterparts in anticipation of the day sanctions officially end in the next few months.
Iranian officials have now revised their estimate of the country's GDP growth from the current 2% to 3-4% this year owing to increased oil revenues and access to frozen accounts.
President Rouhani's government hopes this growth will create jobs and improve living conditions for millions of Iranians.
Across the country many people share their president's hope that things will get better.
"If the government turns around the economy, other aspects such as human rights will get better by themselves," Mohammad, who preferred not to use his family name told BBC Persian over the phone from Tehran.
But for many others that optimism is tinged with a note of caution.
"Look at China," said Maryam another Iranian caller.
"Economic growth does not necessarily mean better human rights."


Villagers have welcomed a recommendation to reject a proposed "new town" near Guildford.

Planners have described an application for 2,068 homes, on the former Wisley Airfield, as "inappropriate" in the greenbelt.
Guildford Borough Council has called a special meeting on 6 April to rule on the proposal.
Developers Wisley Property Investments has said it will ask for more time to discuss "remaining issues".
The company said it expected to resolve matters "later this summer".
It submitted its original plan in December 2014 to build the homes, a school, eight travellers' pitches and a floodlit sports facility at the former airfield.
The planners concluded "there are benefits to be gained from the development, not least the early delivery of much need (sic) housing", but there were "no material considerations" to override the "Government's continuing firm commitment to Green Belt protection".
Wisley Action Group campaigners welcomed the recommendation.
Helen Jefferies, of the group, said there was now an "avalanche of evidence" against a "new town" of over 2,000 houses on "greenbelt land, agricultural land, in the rural hamlet of Ockham".
But, Mike Murray of Wisley Property Investments said the disused airfield was the "obvious location for a new settlement in Guildford".
He claimed support from "younger people keen to get on to the housing ladder" and said 65 per cent of under-35s surveyed last year were in favour.


Four men have been arrested over the death of a man who fell from the roof of a building in Greater Manchester.

Benjamin Edge, 25, fell from a structure he was helping to dismantle in Ramsbottom on 10 December and later died from "catastrophic" head injuries.
Two men, aged 23 and 30 from Bury, have been arrested on suspicion of gross negligence manslaughter.
A joint police and health and safety investigation continues into the circumstances surrounding the death.
The two men have also been arrested on conspiracy to pervert the course of justice, along with a 32-year-old man from Burnley, Lancashire, and man aged 35 from Ramsbottom, Greater Manchester Police said.
Paying tribute Mr Edge's family said he was "a loving, caring son, twin brother and family man.
"Ben was a much loved partner and father and will always remain a huge part of everyone's lives."
Det Sgt Lawrence Dixon said: "We are continuing to look into the circumstances that led up to Ben's death, so we can provide his family with the answers of exactly what happened on that day in December."


The tiny Caribbean island of Grenada is one of the smallest independent countries in the western hemisphere.

Known as the Spice island, it is the world's second-largest producer of nutmeg after Indonesia and a significant producer of mace, cinnamon, ginger and cloves. It also boasts beautiful scenery with fertile valleys, rainforests and mountain lakes and its tropical climate and excellent beaches are a big draw for tourists.
Grenada made international headlines in 1983 when a split in the governing left-wing party led to the overthrow and execution of the country's charismatic leader Maurice Bishop and provided the pretext for a US invasion of the island. Free elections were reinstituted a year later and have continued since then.
Most of the population is of African or mixed African and European descent.
Population 105,000
Area 344 sq km (133 sq miles)
Major languages English (official), French patois
Major religion Christianity
Life expectancy 74 years (men), 78 years (women)
Currency East Caribbean dollar
Head of state: Queen Elizabeth II, represented by a governor
Prime Minister: Keith Mitchell
Veteran leader Keith Mitchell returned to office in February 2013 after a five-year gap when his centre-right New National Party swept the board in parliamentary elections.
The party campaigned on plans to attract investors to boost jobs. In 2013, Mr Mitchell moved to halve income tax for those earning less than 60,000 East Caribbean dollars (about $22,000), from 30% to 15%.
Mr Mitchell's victory reversed his emphatic defeat by the liberal National Democratic Congress in the 2008 election, which ended his first, 13-year stint in office.
But the new prime minister, Tillman Thomas, proved unable to revive Grenada's financial fortunes, hard hit by the 2004 Hurricane Ivan's devastation of the island's agriculture and infrastructure, as well as the world economic crisis, which undermined tourism.
Unemployment reached 30%, and the debt burden prompted the Caribbean Development Bank to demand urgent measures to boost investor confidence.
Born in 1946 and a statistician by training, Keith Mitchell was elected to parliament in 1984 and took over the New National Party leadership in 1989. He led the party to three successive election wins in 1995, 1999 and 2003, before losing in 2008.
Grenada has a high level of media freedom, guaranteed in the constitution. The country has no daily newspapers; its privately-owned weeklies freely criticise the government.
A public-private partnership, the Grenada Broadcasting Network, provides radio and television stations. MTV is privately owned and there are several privately-owned radio stations.
There were 48,000 internet users by mid-2014, about 48% of the population (InternetWorldStats).
Some key events in the history of Grenada:
700 - First inhabited by Arawak-speaking Amerindians from South America who are displaced by Carib settlers.
1498 - Christopher Columbus visits the island but it remains uncolonised.
1649 - The French gain control, establish sugar estates and import thousands of African slaves.
1763 - The British assume control and vigorously expand sugar production and introduce cotton, cacao and nutmeg.
1950s - National politics develops through the labour movement. Pro-independence Grenada United Labour Party is formed.
1967 - Britain gives Grenada autonomy over its internal affairs.
1974 - Independence from Britain and Eric Gairy becomes Grenada's first prime minister.
1979 - Gairy is deposed in a coup by opposition leader Maurice Bishop, whose Marxist military council forges links with Cuba.
1983 - Bishop is overthrown in a military coup and executed. The US invades Grenada with six other Caribbean nations.
1984 - Democracy returns after 1974 constitution is reinstated and free elections are held.
2004 - Hurricane Ivan devastates Grenada, damaging 90% of the island's buildings and devastating its nutmeg crop.


Members of Prince's former band The Revolution have announced they will reunite for a series of concerts.

The announcement was made in a video on bass player Brown Mark's Facebook page.
Guitarist Wendy Melvoin said "after spending days together grieving", they had decided to "do some shows".
The band, who disbanded in 1986, had several line-ups, but the concerts are likely to feature Mark, Melvoin, keyboard players Lisa Coleman and Matt Fink and drummer Bobby Z.
While no dates have been announced, Melvoin added: "We'll be there soon."
The Revolution served as Prince's backing band at the launch of his career, although they did not officially receive their name until their appearance in Prince's 1984 film, Purple Rain.
They appeared with Prince on four albums - the Purple Rain soundtrack, Parade, 1999 and Around The World In A Day - and played on some of the star's biggest hits, including When Doves Cry, Let's Go Crazy and Kiss.
The group split in 1986 after the singer's Parade tour.
Prince was found dead in his Paisley Park recording studio last Thursday.
A private memorial service was held for the rock star on Saturday, attended by about 20 of his closest friends and family.


Facebook's highest-ranked woman has said women need to take action to create a more equal world.

Sheryl Sandberg, chief operating officer of the social network site, said women should hold half of the important positions in business.
"If you're thinking about doing something, ask yourself what you would do if you weren't afraid and then do it," she told the BBC.
Ms Sandberg became the first woman on Facebook's board in June 2012.
Last year, she wrote Lean In, a book advising women on how to make progress in the workplace.
"It's really important that since women make up half of the population, women start having half the seats at tables where the decisions are made and that's not where we are today," Ms Sandberg added.
She said women could make "unbelievably effective" business and government leaders, as well as entrepreneurs.
Talking about the wider challenges facing Facebook, Ms Sandberg said the world was going through a "huge technological shift".
"We are in the middle of the fastest adoption of disruptive technology the world has ever seen and that is the mobile phone," she added.


Plans for a declaration recognising the place of Indigenous Australians in the country's history have been backed by indigenous leader Noel Pearson.

The proposal would see Australians vote on the wording of a statement.
Mr Pearson said it was "breakthrough idea", the Sydney Morning Herald reported.
A federal government campaign is seeking to reverse the historical exclusion of indigenous people from Australia's constitution.
However, the declaration, suggested by lawyers Damien Freeman and Julian Leeser, would sit outside the constitution.
Mr Pearson said the statement could be recited in schools and at national events.
He compared it to the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand that pledged protection of Maori land.
But he added that the declaration should not replace a referendum to remove discriminatory elements within the constitution.
"It's very important that everyone understands that this declaration is just one of a three- or four-part package that needs to go forward," he said, according to ABC.
Unlike other settler nations such as Canada and New Zealand, Australia's constitution makes no mention of its indigenous people and still has two so-called "race provisions", including one that allows the states to ban people from voting based on their race.
Other indigenous leaders have reacted cautiously to the latest idea.
Mick Gooda, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner, said constitutional reform was the only way to truly recognise indigenous Australians.
"We've described it as the birth certificate of the nation," he said, according to ABC.
"It is the law out of which all other law in this country comes from and to be recognised in that document is probably the ultimate form of recognition."
A government committee on constitutional recognition for indigenous Australians is due to report to parliament by June.
Prime Minister Tony Abbott has pledged to hold a referendum on constitutional change in 2017.
Indigenous Australians represent 2.5% of Australia's 24 million population and correspondents say that generations of discrimination and disadvantage have left them with poor health and low levels of education and employment.


A woman who sent a box of gifts to a family from Montenegro during the Bosnian War has been tracked down and thanked by them 22 years later.

Lowri Owain Glyn, now 28, from Bangor, Gwynedd, was shocked when she was traced through Facebook by those she had helped.
They told her how grateful they were to get the Operation Christmas Child box.
The charity believes it could be the first time social media has helped unite a sender and receiver.
Growing up in Ruthin, Denbighshire, Mrs Glyn said the horrors of the Bosnian War were lost on her.
All she knew when she packed the Operation Christmas Child shoebox with toys, a toothbrush, toothpaste and a picture of herself was that she would be helping a child in need.
"Being six I wasn't really aware of what was going on in Bosnia. I think I knew there was a war but didn't really understand," she said.
"I was sort of aware the box was going to help other children in difficult situations."
She said she thought no more of it - until she received a message on Facebook earlier this month.
"I just got this message from a lady I didn't know with this picture of me as a child saying 'hello, is this you?'," she said.
"I said 'yes'. I thought it might be someone I'd met on a holiday as a child and gave my name and picture to."
It turned out the woman who had got in touch - Anesa Avdic Dzinalic - was married to Mirzet Dzinalic, the little boy who received the shoebox in Montenegro.
Together with his sister, Safida Dzinalic-Dedic, who was 12 at the time, they were so grateful for the unexpected gift that they kept the photograph of the little girl who had sent it.
Crucially, she had written her name on the back of it.
It was taken with them in their family album when they later moved to Sweden.
"When Asesa - and then Safida - got in touch, I was quite emotional about it," said Mrs Glyn, who is now married with two young daughters.
"The first thing I thought was how amazing it was that they'd kept the picture and also that they had traced me on Facebook as they only knew me by my maiden name.
"I got talking to them and found out more about what I'd packed in the box as I couldn't remember. A Mickey Mouse puzzle, a toothbrush and my picture with my name written on the back...
"Safida said they didn't have much stuff back then and they really appreciated the things in the box. The fact they traced me shows that."
Now a primary school teacher at Ysgol y Gymraeg Dewi Sant in Rhyl, Mrs Glyn plans to tell her pupils about her shoebox experience when she returns after maternity leave before Christmas.
"Our school still takes part in Operation Christmas Child so I will tell the children how you never know when these things pop up again and how you are really helping people," she added.
She also hopes to travel to Sweden to meet the family in future.
Operation Christmas Child - the Samaritan's Purse campaign which helps people send shoeboxes of toys and supplies to children in need around the world - said Mrs Glyn's story was quite unique.
"Many people include short letters and photographs of themselves, a good number of those packing and receiving the shoeboxes become close pen-friends, and we often have 'full circle' stories where children who received a shoebox become packers themselves," a spokesman said.
"But I've never heard of someone finding the packer through social media in that way."


League Two side Exeter City have signed AFC Bournemouth striker Jayden Stockley on loan for the rest of the season.

The 22-year-old spent the first half of this season on loan at Portsmouth, scoring twice in 12 appearances.
His last game for Pompey was December's FA Cup tie against Accrington, meaning he will be ineligible for the Grecians' third-round replay at Liverpool.
"I've come up against Exeter City already this season and they were really impressive," he said.
"It's a team that I wanted to be a part of, and one that I wanted to see do very well. They beat us at Fratton Park, and the lads were really impressed with how they played."
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Jamie Ward's goal sealed victory for Nottingham Forest against pre-match leaders Middlesbrough, and extended their unbeaten run to 12 games.

Ward took Ben Osborn's pass and slotted past Dimi Konstantopoulos to give them the lead against the run of play.
The home side had long spells of possession, but missed key chances as Emilio Nsue headed over from close in, while Grant Leadbitter hit the bar.
Hull's win at Fulham moved them above the Teessiders, who dropped to second.
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Forest, who also saw Osborn's shot strike a post, started with a game-plan to stifle the home side and executed it to perfection to secure a first win on Teesside since February 1993.
Boro's impressive home defensive record, without a goal conceded in 851 minutes at the Riverside before kick-off, was in little danger during a first half lacking in action.
Jack Hobbs' mis-kick was the nearest the visitors came to a goal, as Boro enjoyed the best of the play, with David Nugent, Tomas Kalas and Cristhian Stuani all unable to connect with teasing deliveries into the box.
Dougie Freedman's side continued to frustrate Boro after the break, with occasional forays from Oliver Burke causing the home side some concern on the break.
Both sides struck the woodwork and then Nsue's miss from three yards out ramped up the anxiety around the Riverside, before Ward's finish eventually broke the deadlock.
Aitor Karanka's side tried to lift a sizeable home crowd, with roars for a penalty when Fernando Amorebieta went down under Gary Gardner's challenge, but they were unable to avoid a first league defeat since August.
Middlesbrough head coach Aitor Karanka:
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"Losing at home is disappointing, but it's not just the game today it's the last three games now. They have been really poor.
"We've lost two games but we're still in the top two and I'm really optimistic.
"I know the reason for the problem but I prefer to fix it on the training ground.  The problem is when you're in a bad run and don't know why - but I know the reason.
"With these players we're at the top of the table. We've got two weeks to work and I want to transmit a positive message. It's not by chance we're near the top of the table."
Nottingham Forest boss Dougie Freedman:
"It's a big result for us. The last time Forest won here Mr Clough was in charge, so it's been a long time.
"That was our toughest match of the season because they grind you down and never stop going.
"We stopped Middlesbrough in the right areas. They were not getting shots from the edge of the box or playing one-twos in front of the area.
"Give us credit for not letting them get time and space. We believed from the first 10 or 15 minutes that we could win this."


Ricardo Salgado, the former boss of the Portuguese bank Banco Espirito Santo (BES), has been placed under house arrest after questioning over the bank's collapse.

His lawyer described the move as "disproportionate".
Last year, Mr Salgado was forced to resign as chief executive after 23 years in charge, amid allegations of accounting fraud.
At a parliamentary hearing in December he denied any wrongdoing.
Mr Salgado was last week questioned by a state prosecutor over fraud, corruption and money laundering allegations. He is one of six people facing the accusations.
Once the country's biggest private lender, BES collapsed after reporting record losses.
Under a government bailout plan, BES's good assets were transferred into a new bank called "Novo Banco" as part of a bailout from the Portuguese government. It was loaned €4.9bn (£3.5bn).
The country itself had only recently emerged from a three-year rescue plan.


The motorbike used in a hit-and-run in Edinburgh in which a 10-year-old boy was seriously injured had been stolen earlier in the city, police have said.

Investigations are continuing into the incident on Ferry Road in the Drylaw area at 18:35 on Saturday.
Police said it appeared two motorbikes went through a red light at a pedestrian crossing and the boy was "mown down" by one of them.
He is in a stable condition in hospital and due to have surgery.
Detectives said there had been a number of reports of motorbikes being driven dangerously and recklessly in the area on Saturday evening.
The drivers of the two bikes involved had their faces covered with scarves.
Police are reviewing CCTV and carrying out door-to-door inquiries.
Det Ch Insp Paul Grainger, who is leading the investigation, said: "The boy remains in hospital and his condition is now described as stable.
"He is currently undergoing surgery as a result of the injuries he sustained in this collision and it is too early to assess what impact these injuries may have on his life moving forward.
"At this stage we are keen to hear from anyone who may have been in the Ferry Road area last night around the time of the collision, or indeed before or after it."
The first motorbike involved was red and driven by someone wearing a red and black ski-type jacket and a full-face crash helmet which was white with a purple and orange design.
The second motorcycle, which was the one that struck the boy, was a white Triumph Daytona 650cc. The rider was wearing a grey hooded top, dark tracksuit bottoms and a white full-face helmet with a coloured design.
Det Ch Insp Grainger added: "This was a terrifying incident which could easily have had fatal consequences and both the boy's mother and I would urge anybody that has any information to contact the police or Crimestoppers.
"We need the help of the community to catch those responsible for this.
"This young boy was going about his own business, making a routine crossing of a busy road at what should have been a safe pedestrian crossing when he was mown down by this motorcycle.
"Nobody should be attempting to assist, hide or cover up for the people responsible who have shown a reckless disregard for other people's safety with terrible consequence."
Earlier, local community group Trim and Friends of West Pilton posted an update on Facebook from the boy's mother which said he was undergoing surgery and described him as "brave" and a "wee trooper".
Robert Pearson, chairman of the community group, told BBC Scotland there have been ongoing issues with people riding motorbikes dangerously in the area.
He added: "We as a community have said for years it is not a case of if somebody gets hit by one of these bikes, it's a case of when.
"Last night a young child going about his normal business innocently was struck by a bike and left for dead."
Supt Mark Rennie said: "This has been a shocking incident which has deeply affected the local community.
"For over a year now Police Scotland has engaged with a significant range of partners and the City of Edinburgh Council to target offenders and also deal with the root cause of this type of reckless offending and risk taking behaviour.
"Despite that a small minority of offenders continue to steal motorcycles and put themselves and others at risk.
"I would reassure local residents that patrols are ongoing across the area in this regard, and anyone who has any concerns, or indeed information which they would wish to pass on should talk to our officers."


Cardiff Blues and Ospreys are interested in signing Leigh Halfpenny if his Toulon contract is terminated.

Toulon president Mourad Boudjellal says Halfpenny's ongoing injuries could lead to his departure without playing a game since arriving for 2014-15.
Blues director and Wales legend Gareth Edwards said: "We'd welcome him with open arms."
Ospreys coach Steve Tandy said: "We'd always be interested in the quality of Halfpenny, but it's paper talk."
The Wales and British and Irish Lions full-back has not played a game since transferring to the French club from the Blues in the summer.
Halfpenny had shoulder surgery in March after an injury sustained in Wales' 28-19 Six Nations defeat by England at Twickenham.
The Blues tried to keep Halfpenny at Cardiff Arms Park before his move to France, and chief executive Richard Holland said: "Of course, we would be interested if he became available, be that on a dual contract or a regional deal.
"If the reports are true, we are keen to explore this."
Edwards, the scrum-half throughout Wales and Lions' glories of the 1970s, added: "We did our best to keep him, but we might very well have to wait and see if there's a chance to get him back.
"The truth of the matter is the money in France, and certainly in parts of England, is astronomical compared to what we can pay.
"But Leigh might very well realise that not everything on the other side is as green as it probably looked at one time.
"We'll have to be competitive in securing his services if he does come back.
"But at least he'll know he'll be loved and have an arm around him… you're well paid in France, but it's a tough, tough place to go.
"And I think we've just seen the beginnings of the sort of tribulations that can take place in somewhere like France."
Since the shoulder surgery, the 25-year-old British and Irish Lions player has suffered a groin injury and Boudjellal told French newspaper Varmartin he felt Halfpenny might have been carrying that injury when he arrived at Toulon.
"We are awaiting the medical update. The problem that we have now is that we think he may have arrived at Toulon with that injury." he said.
"We are conducting an investigation."
The Blues would be favourite to sign Halfpenny if he was to return to Wales on a contract partly-funded by the Welsh Rugby Union.
Gorseinon-born Halfpenny played junior rugby with the Ospreys before signing a professional contract with the Blues.
The Ospreys have two full-backs in their squad at the moment, Richard Fussell and new signing Dan Evans - but Tandy would not rule out a move for Halfpenny.
"We'll keep our ear to the ground," said Tandy
"We've got our recruitment that goes on, but it's something we're pretty comfortable with at the moment with Dan (Evans) and Fuss (Richard Fussell).
"Obviously you'd be interested in a player of that quality, but we've just got to focus on the day-to-day stuff."
And Cardiff Blues second row Jarrad Hoeata says Halfpenny would be a great addition to the squad if he were to return to the Arms Park.
"Any player with that calibre, you'd welcome into your own team," he said.


An injured woman who was trapped in her car after a crash in Edinburgh had to be freed by firefighters.

Emergency services were called to the junction of Broughton Street and Albany Street at about 00:40 on Saturday after a collision between two vehicles.
Hydraulic cutting equipment was needed to remove the woman from her vehicle.
She was then taken to Edinburgh Royal Infirmary by ambulance. There was no information on her condition.


Mark Stoneman fell just of a double ton for Surrey as Essex's Ryan ten Doeschate starred to help his side close in on their 400-run target.

Stoneman was ousted on 197 as Surrey were whittled away swiftly early on, but Essex found themselves 134-4 when ten Doeschate came in.
He and Bopara (64) enjoyed a 120-run stand for the fifth wicket, while James Foster and Simon Harmer came and went.
Ten Doeschate was still there at stumps, unbeaten on 120.
England hopeful Stoneman was the hero on day one and his agonising exit was only softened by the fact he surpassed his previous first-class best of 187 with his tally.
Surrey came out firing with the ball and Alastair Cook exited on 31 from Sam Curran's delivery just before lunch, and some tight bowling kept Essex at bay after the break.
Tom Westley and Nick Browne were sent packing as Surrey put the squeeze on, before Bopara and Ten Doeschate steadied the ship to take it to 189-4 at tea.
Netherlands international Ten Doeschate maintained his rhythm after tea, amid some excellent bowling by Mark Footitt in particular, and nursed the home side to within 32 runs at the close.


The Buchan Alpha - a redundant 12,000-tonne steel offshore oil facility - has arrived in Shetland to be chiselled away to nothing.

Working slowly towards a final decommissioning resting place, Buchan Alpha - a rusting hulk, streaming water from the deck and looking well past its sell-by date - was brought into Lerwick at the weekend by tugs.
Each of five legs has a giant float under the water.
Breaking it up will take 17 months.
Buchan Alpha began life at the dawn of the North Sea oil industry, starting out as a drilling rig in 1973.
Next up was service as a floating production vessel in the Buchan field in 1981.
Buchan Alpha was taken out of service in May by operators Repsol Sinopec Resources UK.
The Health and Safety Executive effectively said it was too old, battered and out of date.
Gary Tootill, the Buchan project manager, said Buchan Alpha was beyond upgrading.
He said: "The Buchan Alpha has been on station for around 36 years.
"It has produced something like 150 million barrels, which was three times what it was expected to produce.
"Having been there for so long, the project to remove it was quite complex."
The massive structure is being attached to a mooring pattern of anchors, for deep parts of the facility to be removed.
Buchan Alpha will then be brought alongside the newly-extended Dales Voe deepwater quay to be dismantled for recycling.
There has been relatively small-scale decommissioning work done in Lerwick over the past 10 years.
The port authority has invested heavily in attracting more such work to Shetland.
Sandra Laurenson, chief Executive of Lerwick Port Authority, said: "The project at Dales Voe to extend the quay has been a Â£12m investment.
"That is really to future-proof that area for decommissioning for the next generation of platforms to come out.
"There is probably 30 years of work to decommission all the platforms."
The Buchan Alpha work will be led by the French company Veolia, and 35 jobs will be created by the project.
It is expected about 98% of the structure will be recycled.


Campaigners calling for an inquiry into the police handling of the Battle of Orgeave have welcomed reports an official review is set to be approved.

The Times has reported Home Secretary Amber Rudd wants an investigation that delivers "complete" answers but will not "drag on".
The BBC understands there will be an official inquiry, but it is yet to be decided what format it will take.
Campaigners who met with Mrs Rudd on Tuesday said they welcome the news.
Shadow Home Secretary Andy Burnham, meanwhile, has called on Mrs Rudd to confirm immediately if reports of an official inquiry are true.
Mrs Rudd is set to make an announcement at the end of next month.
Thousands of miners and police clashed at the South Yorkshire coking site.
Ninety-five miners were charged, though the case against them ultimately collapsed.
Campaigners claim South Yorkshire Police instigated the violence and later fabricated its account of events.
Barbara Jackson, secretary of the Orgreave Truth and Justice Campaign, said: "We welcome the media reports suggesting that the home secretary accepts the imperative for an inquiry into Orgreave and is now considering what format that inquiry should take.
"For any Orgreave inquiry to be effective, it must have full powers to ensure that all relevant evidence is obtained.
"It must have the ability to produce a report which provides a proper analysis of the evidence, as the Hillsborough Independent Panel did.
"For any inquiry to have the confidence of all concerned, it must involve those with sufficient expertise and independence to deliver a rigorous analysis and robust conclusions."
Mr Burnham has previously said an inquiry into Orgreave is also essential to understand the "full truth" about policing at the 1989 Hillsborough disaster.
He said: "It is clear that the Government has listened to what the campaigners are saying and that is welcome.
"But it is disappointing that it has emerged through an anonymous briefing to a newspaper. If it is true, the home secretary must confirm it without delay."


A report into the largest sale of publicly-owned land in Wales in recent years found it should have generated at least £15m more for the taxpayer.

Sites were sold as one portfolio by the Regeneration Investment Fund for Wales (RIFW) for £21m three years ago.
But the District Valuer, in a report by the Wales Audit Office, valued them at £36m if they had been sold separately.
Natural Resources Minister Carl Sargeant defended it as a "brave" move taken at a time of financial crisis.
Auditors also said there were flaws in the sale process and weaknesses in the advice to the RIFW board, in particular from the property consultants Lambert Smith Hampton.
Six of Wales' biggest public money blunders
It also said some parties involved in the deal had relationships with the buyer and seller that could have given rise to potential conflicts of interest.
RIFW, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Welsh government, sold the land to a company based in Guernsey called South Wales Land Developments. The proceeds were designed to be used to invest in regeneration schemes.
The report said: "Due to flaws in the way RIFW was established, in the selection of assets and also in the sale process itself, neither RIFW nor the Welsh government are able to demonstrate that value for money was achieved from the portfolio sale transaction."
The sites varied from former industrial land to more than 100 acres (40 hectares) of valuable farmland earmarked for housing on the edge of Cardiff.
They were sold at a time when the potential value of many of the sites was increasing as local authority planning blueprints were being changed to allow more housing.
Conservative AM Darren Millar, chairman of the assembly's public accounts committee, said: "This is certainly the biggest potential loss to the taxpayer that I've seen in my time as chair of the public accounts committee and I've been chairing it for a good number of years."
Responding to an urgent question in the Senedd on Wednesday, Mr Sargeant told AMs: "At a time when the UK was in financial crisis we were very brave to bring forward a programme collectively to look at major investments for the people of Wales.  Building the economy was something we were keen to pursue."
He said there were "some issues that we need to respond to" in the Wales Audit Office report, but said the alternative valuation of the land was "an assumption".
Earlier, a Welsh government spokesperson said: "The valuation evidence from the District Valuer also needs to be considered alongside conflicting valuations in their report and the circumstances facing the fund in early 2012, when economic prospects were very uncertain.
"While the Wales Audit Office finds that the RIFW board acted reasonably in the circumstances and given the advice they received, we would consider taking legal action to recover any loss should there be clear evidence of RIFW's land assets having been sold at undervalue."
A spokesperson for Lambert Smith Hampton said: "We acted in good faith and in RIFW's best interests at all times.
"We secured a good price for the sale of the assets, in accordance with the brief we were set."


A new Belfast fanzone has been organised following the unavailability of the area beside Titanic Belfast because of a concert at the venue.

The Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland Euro 2016 games will now be shown at Boucher Road playing fields.
The Titanic Belfast site previously hosted thousands of Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland fans for group stage games.
However, the venue is hosting Belsonic concerts this weekend.
That is when both teams play knock-out stage games.
Northern Ireland will play Wales on Saturday, with the Republic of Ireland playing France on Sunday.
The Lord Mayor of Belfast, Brian Kingston, said Boucher Road playing fields was a "great site, accessible to all parts of the city, and beyond".
"By locating the fan zone here, the council is ensuring as many fans as possible get the chance to continue to demonstrate their phenomenal support for both teams as they enter this crucial knock-out stage."
SDLP Councillor for South Belfast, Donal Lyons, tweeted the announcement this afternoon.
Belfast City Council said details about gate opening times and entry terms for the fanzone would be published on its website on Friday.
Earlier, writing on her Twitter account, First Minister Arlene Foster said she had spoken to Belfast City Council about the issue on Wednesday.
In an interview with BBC Northern Ireland, Mrs Foster said: "I'd actually made a phone call about that yesterday because I was concerned when people were tweeting 'well hold on a second, what's going to happen at the weekend because we have these big matches coming up and Belsonic is on and it's a huge event for Belfast as well?'
"I understand that Belfast City Council are looking at alternative venues for Saturday, they're talking about the SSE arena and places like that", the first minister said.
"I understand that the organisers of Belsonic are working with Belfast City Council to try and facilitate them on Sunday as well, so we'll find a solution.
"We have to find a solution because it's important that the fans here in Northern Ireland have somewhere to go so that they can enjoy the experience."
The fanzone has been organised and run by Belsonic's promoters Shine Productions, who met about the issue.
Earlier, a spokesman for Shine Productions said the concerts would continue as scheduled, but they were looking at what might be logistically possible in terms of the fanzone over the weekend.
In a statement, the firm said: "We are delighted at the success of the event - and we are looking at all the options available to us.
"The Belsonic shows will be going ahead a planned."
Earlier, the Belfast Telegraph said the SSE Arena was being mooted as an alternative venue for the football fans.
In a statement to BBC Radio Ulster's Stephen Nolan Show, the Irish Football Association (IFA) said it "supports Belsonic in its attempts in trying to get an alternative venue".
However, the IFA also said Windsor Park football stadium was "not a viable option due to the time it would take to sort out logistics".
Speaking on the same programme, Northern Ireland's Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness said he intended to discuss the issue with the first minister.
"I will certainly have that conversation," Mr McGuinness said.
"Between the two of us, we will see what we can do."
The deputy first minister said there were also difficulties with securing a fanzone venue in his own constituency, Foyle.
"I will give my commitment to you anyway that we will do our level best to look at different options that are out there and we obviously will have to talk to the IFA and of course the local councils - the Belfast council and the new Derry and Strabane council - to see if we can come up with solutions," he said.


Madonna fell down some steps on stage during a live performance at the Brit Awards.

She tumbled backwards over her cape as she sang Living For Love, her new single.
Video and still pictures show the 56-year-old momentarily on her back before she recovers to finish the song.
She hit the ground "with a loud thwacking noise" and the room "fell silent" according to Newsbeat reporters who were just metres away.
As the singer got up again, she got tangled in her cloak and "looked furious".
It's the talk of Twitter with "Madonna" and the hashtag #shefellover trending top worldwide.
It appears the star lost her balance after a dancer in goat horns tugged at her ruby-lined cape.
Madonna later posted on her Instagram saying "my beautiful cape was tied too tight! But nothing can stop me and love really lifted me up! Thanks for your good wishes! I'm fine!"
There is a clear pause in the song, so at least we all now know she was singing live.
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Top English universities are being urged to apply their "research expertise" to the issue of access by youngsters from poorer homes.

The Office of Fair Access says there are "stubborn gaps" in participation at highly-selective universities.
But director Prof Les Ebdon said these universities were full of capable people who excelled at problem solving.
His comments come after universities called for the limit on tuition fees in England to be lifted.
Last week, Universities UK, representing university leaders, said it wanted fees to rise with inflation above the current Â£9,000 cap.
The body said the value of the fees, which have been fixed since 2012, had been declining in real terms.
Now Offa, which regulates fair access to higher education in England, says highly-selective universities must use their academic and research expertise to improve fair access and build on progress so far.
In a speech to the Brilliant Club's annual conference, Prof Ebdon will tell an audience of university staff that the key to making faster progress is to make better use of the research expertise they have available to them.
In his speech, Prof Ebdon will say: "There have been stubborn gaps in participation at highly selective universities for a long time, but the tanker is starting to turn.
"Highly-selective universities are starting to achieve real change, by developing creative, evidence-led solutions underpinned by increasing understanding of what's most effective at each particular institution.
"They face tough challenges in improving access. But highly-selective universities are full of highly-intelligent people who excel at solving problems. If they truly harness their wealth of research expertise, it could bring a step change in progress.
"Offa has already begun to work closely with university researchers to improve evidence and understanding, and the whole sector will benefit from sharing the outcomes of this work."
The Brilliant Club is a non-profit organisation that aims to widen access to top universities for outstanding pupils from non-selective state schools.
The group recruits, trains and places doctoral and postdoctoral researchers into non-selective state schools and sixth-form colleges in areas where few young people take up a place at university.
They give university-style tutorials to small groups of outstanding pupils to help them develop the knowledge, skills and ambition needed to secure places at top universities.


Police and protesters have clashed in Chile's capital following a march to remember those who disappeared under military rule from 1973 to 1990.

The march itself, which was attended by thousands, was peaceful, police said.
Four journalists were injured when protesters threw stones and petrol bombs at police after the march.
The run-up to the 11 September anniversary of the 1973 coup, when Gen Augusto Pinochet overthrew Salvador Allende, is often marked by violence.
In 2012, one police officer died during clashes.
On Sunday, thousands of Chileans marched through the streets of the capital, Santiago, to the memorial to the disappeared.
They were carrying banners with the names and pictures of people who disappeared under Chile's military rule.
According to official figures, 40,000 people were victims of human rights abuses under the dictatorship and more than 3,000 were killed or disappeared.
Police said a small group of hooded protesters threw stones and sticks at police after the march had reached the cemetery where the memorial to the disappeared is located.
Government spokesman Alvaro Elizalde said those who had been involved in the violence would be charged.
"These are serious offenses, which we strongly condemn and which can't go unpunished."
A journalist from Chilevision was hurt when he was hit by a molotov cocktail in the head, another journalist and two cameramen were also injured.
Mr Elizalde stressed that those causing trouble were part of a "very small group".
He said police would be out in force on 11 September, when more marches are planned.


A former Salvation Army officer has admitted assaulting six young people in his care at a Stirlingshire children's home.

James McManus, 68, changed his plea to guilty on the fourth day of his trial.
He admitted striking the four boys and two girls on the head with his hand, and seizing or pulling the girls' hair.
The incidents occurred at the former Dock Street Children's Home in Carronshore, Falkirk, in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
The trial heard that McManus, of Renfrew, was officer-in-charge at the home and the children were aged between 12 and 16.
Five of the children were assaulted on one occasion and one child was struck on the head and seized by the neck by McManus on various occasions at the home between January 1983 and February 1984.
Allegations that McManus hit children with wooden batons, rendered one child unconscious, pushed a screwdriver in his face, threw water over a teenage girl, and that he caused injuries, were dropped.
Stirling Sheriff Court heard that children at the home were "frightened" of McManus, who weighed 26 stone at the time and would go about his work wearing his Salvation Army uniform.
One witness told the trial: "Mr McManus always seemed to deal with me in a rage.
"He'd grab me and shake me and put me against the wall.
"I don't know what triggered his behaviour. I saw it happen to other kids as well.
"Like everybody else I just feared for my life."
Sheriff Wyllie Robertson deferred sentence on McManus until 28 June for reports.


On Sunday, Gareth Bale became the leading British goalscorer in La Liga history.

The 26-year-old Real Madrid forward scored his 43rd league goal to surpass the record previously held by former England and Barcelona striker Gary Lineker.
Bale joins these famous names as the most prolific British and Irish players in Europe's biggest leagues:
Swansea-born John Charles played for Leeds United between 1948 and 1957 before becoming one of the first British players to secure a move abroad.
Charles joined Juventus for a then-record £65,000 transfer fee and the centre-forward went on to score 108 goals in 155 appearances for the Italian Serie A club.
The Wales international netted four goals in 10 games during a brief spell with Roma.
In 1997, seven years before his death at the age of 72, Charles was voted the best-ever foreigner to play for Juventus.
Tony Cascarino proved his goalscoring prowess for Gillingham, Millwall, Aston Villa, Celtic and Chelsea before taking his talents over to France.
The Kent-born Republic of Ireland international joined Marseille in 1994 and scored 70 goals in three seasons with the club, helping them back to the top flight.
A move to AS Nancy-Lorraine followed in 1997, and he added 45 goals to his personal tally.
Striker Tony Woodcock was part of Brian Clough's legendary Nottingham Forest team who won the First Division title, League Cup and European Cup in the 1970s.
He had just been named PFA young player of the year when he was tempted away from his hometown club on a then-record £600,000 transfer to Bundesliga side Cologne.
He scored 44 goals during his seven years in the German leagues, which came either side of a spell with Arsenal.
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Hamilton Academical have signed up goalkeeper Gary Woods.

The 25-year-old arrives from Leyton Orient, having spent time on loan at Ross County last season.
He made 16 appearances for the Staggies, including the League Cup final victory over Hibernian at Hampden in March.
Woods will provide competition for recent arrival Remi Matthews, who is on a season-long loan at New Douglas Park from Norwich City.
Accies may be in the market for a new central defender after it was revealed Jesus Garcia Tena will miss much of the season with a knee injury.
The 26-year-old was hurt in Hamilton's opening League Cup clash at Ayr United and has now been ruled out for at least six months with ligament damage.
Player-manager Martin Canning is also out injured with a facial injury.
"It is a big blow to lose a player of Jesus' technical ability so early in the season," Canning told the club website. "He is a great reader of the game and his skill set will be a big miss for us."


The number of people in the Republic of Ireland who identify as having no religion has increased by 73.6%, according to the latest census figures from the Central Statistics Office.

The number of people who stated they had no religion increased from 269,800 to 468,400, the census found.
Some 3,729,100 people identified as Catholic - 78.3% of the population - compared to 84.2% in April 2011.
The census was held in April 2016; its details were released on Thursday.
The number of people identifying as members of the Church of Ireland dropped by 2% to 126,400.
There were 63,400 Muslims in the state compared to 49,200 in 2011 - a percentage change of 28.9%.
Orthodox Christianity saw a rise of 37.5% to 62,400 adherents, while the number of Hindus rose by 34.1% to 14,300 practitioners.
The country's overall population increased by 3.8% between April 2011 and April 2016 - to 4,761,865.
Mayo and Donegal were the only counties to see a population decline.
The census found there were  810,000 foreign-born people in the Republic.
There were 98 men for every 100 women in the country, it revealed, and 37.6% of the population was married.
The 2016 results show a reversal in a steady decline in average household size, which rose slightly from 2.73 people per household in 2011 to 2.75 in 2016.
Some 22,323 more people were in rental accommodation in 2016 than in 2011, with 497,111 people renting in total.
The number of people who stated they could speak Irish dropped for the first time since 1946.
Of the 1.76m people who stated they were able to speak Irish, 73,803 spoke the language daily outside the education system - 3,382 fewer than 2011.
The number of people who said they spoke the language on a weekly basis rose slightly.
The Donegal Irish-speaking region, popular with visitors from Northern Ireland, saw a big drop in the number of people who said they spoke the language on a daily basis.
There are 5,929 daily Irish speakers in the county, a 15.8% drop since 2011.


A court case brought against the Charity Commission, after it called for funding to human rights group Cage to stop, has ended in a compromise.

A row broke out after Cage described Mohamed Emwazi, known as Islamic State extremist Jihadi John, as an "extremely kind" and "beautiful young man".
Cage claimed the commission should not have sought to block its funding.
The High Court case judge called for proper discussions in future to avoid wasting taxpayer and charity money.
The case was brought by Cage and the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust.
Cage's research director Asim Qureshi claimed in February that former London student Emwazi - identified as the man in a number of Islamic State beheading videos - had been driven to extremism after UK security services harassed him.
Cage later said it had made "mistakes" in its comments about Emwazi, a former client.
The Charity Commission had urged the Joseph Rowntree Trust and the Roddick Foundation not to make any future donations to Cage, which offers support to Muslims suspected of terrorism offences.
Cage and the trust told the High Court the commission had issued a direction it had no power to make, as well as unlawfully fettering the trust's discretion over whether or not to fund Cage should circumstances change.
The commission, which disputed the accusation, said it had been acting within its powers to give advice and seek assurances from the charities that they would not offer future funding to Cage.
The case was settled after a day-long hearing with all sides agreeing that Joseph Rowntree's trustees "must be free to exercise their powers and duties in the light of circumstances existing at the time".
And the commission stated it was not seeking to fetter the charity's discretion to fund Cage "for all time regardless of changing circumstances".
The case was heard by Lord Thomas - the Lord Chief Justice - and Mr Justice Ouseley.


Nigeria's security agency says it has seized $800,000 (Â£645,200) in cash in raids targeting senior judges suspected of corruption.

The DSS agency says the raids were carried out in recent days and several judges were arrested.
The Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) accused the authorities of carrying out a "Gestapo-style" operation, demanding the release of those arrested.
President Muhammadu Buhari has pledged to tackle widespread corruption.
Buhari's first year: Five ways Nigeria has changed
In a statement, the DSS said: "The searches have uncovered huge raw cash of various denominations, local and foreign currencies, with real estate worth several millions of naira and documents affirming unholy acts by these judges.
"We have been monitoring the expensive and luxurious lifestyle of some of the judges as well as complaints from the concerned public over judgment obtained fraudulently and on the basis (of) amounts of money paid."
The statement said the judges were from the supreme, appeal and high courts.
The names of the suspects have not been released.
Reacting to the raids, the NBA called on President Buhari to "immediately caution all the state security agencies and to respect the rule of law".
NBA head Abubakar Mahmoud told reporters: "We are not under military rule and we cannot accept this unholy event and Gestapo-style operation."
Since taking office last year, Mr Buhari has vowed to tackle the rampant official corruption, which has stunted economic growth across the country, the BBC's Martin Patience in Nigeria says.
As part of that campaign a number of former senior officials have been charged. But their cases have largely stalled in the courts.
Widespread corruption within the legal system makes it extremely difficult to convict powerful individuals, our correspondent adds.


A man accused of hiring hitmen to kill his partner invented an elaborate lie to have an affair with a woman 40 years his junior, the Old Bailey has heard.

"House husband" David Harris told his partner Hazel Allinson he had become a cricket umpire and had to travel away from his Sussex home, jurors were told.
Prosecutor William Boyce QC asked Harris if he had ever been in a village cricket team, and he said he had not.
Mr Harris, 68, denies three counts of soliciting to murder Ms Allinson.
The court heard Mr Harris, a former TV producer who worked on The Bill, told Ms Allinson tales about his village cricket club involvement so he could travel to London to be with Ugne Cekaviciute, whom he had met in a brothel.
Mr Harris is accused of trying to get rid of Ms Allinson and get full ownership of the £800,000 house they shared in Amberley to run off with Ms Cekaviciute, whom he previously had admitted to being "besotted with" and spending £50,000 on her.
The court heard Mr Harris's "story" was he was too unwell to play cricket and had been persuaded to umpire - and as a driver he had to do the matches furthest from where he lived.
Cross-examining, Mr Boyce said: "You never got the local matches. The whole thing was an elaborate lie dreamed up by you to deceive Hazel to get regular away days with Ugne.
"You would tell Hazel you were an umpire on Arundel Castle Cricket Club. It was all a complete fabrication."
Mr Harris replied: "It was."
Jurors heard Mr Harris also lied to Ms Allinson that he had to support his brother in hospital while he was on "suicide watch".
Mr Harris said: "That's correct. This whole thing completely blew out of proportion."
And Mr Boyce asked him: "You could make things up with considerable ease and make it sound convincing, couldn't you?"
Mr Harris replied: "At times, yes."
The defendant previously conceded he had handed over enough information for potential hitmen to find and kill Ms Allinson but insisted he was "in control".
Mr Boyce said: "May I suggest this is truly absurd.
"You were recruiting these people because you were at your wits' end and could see no way out."
But Mr Harris replied: "Yes, I was at my wits' end. You suggest I'm a liar and deceitful but I'm not a murderer and neither would I ever consider murdering Hazel."
The case continues.


Cargo ships sailing near the site of a historically significant shipwreck have caused its condition to deteriorate rapidly in the last year, divers say.

The London sank off Southend-on-Sea, Essex, after an explosion in 1665.
A charitable trust has been set up to preserve the "unique" wreck and the artefacts found on board.
Trustee Steve Ellis said in the past 12 months, ships heading to the London Gateway development had affected the wreck "more than ever before".
"The wreck is deteriorating rapidly, we're noticing it on a weekly basis. We're trying to recover as much as we can," he said.
"You wouldn't let a site like this on land deteriorate like it is, so we formed a trust to try to protect it."
The ship sank on its way to fight the Dutch, killing about 300 crew.
The wreckage of The London was only discovered because of dredging works during construction of the port's shipping channels in 2005.
Southend Borough Councillor Georgina Phillips said she would like to form a "positive relationship" with DP World, the company that operates London Gateway.
"We're hoping to build the relationship to the point where they might donate towards the wreck," she said.
"If we can't get the big container ships stopped, the company might be able to help in another way and make something positive out of it."
Mr Ellis, a licensed diver, said the quality of finds from the wreckage had so far been "absolutely outstanding", and the trust had been formed to protect, preserve and eventually display the items.


More than 20 koi carp have died at a Swansea indoor rainforest attraction.

Staff at Plantasia found the fish in their heated waters in the glass-domed hothouse.
Swansea council said it had worked "closely with our vet and a vet from the government body Defra" in an unsuccessful bid to save the carp.
Tests are being carried out before replenishing the stock, to determine how the fish died.
A spokesman said: "All animals, fish and plants at Plantasia are looked after with great care."


An aunt of North Korean leader Kim Jong-un has filed a defamation case against three defectors who "spread false stories" about her.

Ko Yong-suk claims the defectors - who fled to South Korea in the 1990s - lied about her having plastic surgery and managing a secret fund.
Her lawyer says she is seeking 60m won ($51,600) in a South Korean court.
The move is unusual -  ruling family members living outside North Korea tend to avoid the public eye.
The defectors appeared on talk shows and claimed that Ms Yong-suk used plastic surgery to hide after having Kim Jong-un's half-brother expelled from North Korea, her lawyer said.
"These defectors who often make appearances on TV are not in a position to know about her directly and what they are saying is not true," he told Reuters.
"She and her husband find it very unpleasant."
Mrs Yong-suk took asylum in the US with her husband in 1998. She took care of Kim Jong-un when he was a teenager studying in Switzerland, according to her lawyer.
It is not clear if she will appear in court.
Her lawyer told AFP news agency: "I'm not 100% sure, but her husband indicated she could come."


French triathlete Laurent Vidal has died of a heart attack, aged 31.

Vidal competed at two Olympics, finishing fifth at London 2012.
He retired suddenly in April last year after suffering a cardiopulmonary arrest during a swimming training session, but recovered after being placed in an induced coma.
World Triathlon confirmed the news on Tuesday, tweeting: "We are terribly saddened to hear of the passing of Laurent Vidal. He touched us all."
Vidal was the fiance and coach of New Zealand triathlete Andrea Hewitt, who finished second in the women's triathlon World Series this year.


David Turner is awaiting sentence after admitting to a court that he imported an obscene child sex doll into the UK.

The 72-year-old from Ramsgate, Kent, is one of seven people to have been charged with the importation offence, which has been deemed a "relatively new phenomenon" by the National Crime Agency.
But what is the scale of the problem?
More than 100 child sex dolls have been seized in the UK as part of a special operation set up by the National Crime Agency (NCA) and Border Force.
Investigators believe the dolls, which are made to be as life-like as possible, are being imported by people who have a "sexual interest" in children.
Advertised as "adult dolls" on sites including EBay and Amazon, they are manufactured in the Far East and sent to Britain via courier, fast parcel and other delivery services.
Each doll costs around Â£800, is made of a silicon-like material and weighs as much as a child.
The NCA, which set up Operation Shiraz, says paediatricians have assessed the dolls seized to be "anatomically correct".
Since March 2016, 123 dolls have been seized, destined for 120 importers.
Seven people have been charged with importation offences, two of whom, Andrew Dobson and Dean Hall, have been convicted and sentenced.
Dobson, 49 and from Crewe, was jailed for two years and eight months. He also admitted possessing indecent images of children.
Hall, 42, from Bury St Edmunds, was given a two-year suspended term. He was in also in possession of indecent images.
Hazel Stewart, operations manager for the NCA, said: "The individuals who import this type of article - child sex dolls - have a sexual interest in children and these items are an indication of that."
She said when people have been questioned by police about the dolls some have claimed they were bought for a "joke", others say they for "companionship".
"If it was a Marks and Spencer mannequin I wouldn't be stood here," she said.
Each doll is typically packed in a brown cardboard box.  It is unclothed and the head is detached from the body with the feet and hands packaged to avoid damage.
It sometimes arrives with a "pretty pink blanket".
It is not a criminal offence to possess a child doll of this kind; the only offence which people can be charged with is importation of an obscene or indecent article.
There is no legislation to stop people manufacturing them.
"Whether they're indecent or obscene is a matter of big debate," said Ms Stewart, acknowledging that some will argue allowing people to have such dolls may stop them abusing real children.
However, Ms Stewart says there is a "gap' in the law which needs to be plugged.
"We want to look at the legislation," she said. "Child sex robots are just around the corner."


Nine men who ran a child sexual exploitation ring in Greater Manchester have been jailed.

The men from Rochdale and Oldham, who exploited girls as young as 13 were given sentences ranging from four to 19 years.
They were found guilty of offences including rape and conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with a child.
Liverpool Crown Court heard the group plied five victims with drink and drugs and "passed them around" for sex.
The girls were abused at two takeaway restaurants in the Heywood area of Rochdale by the men aged between 24 and 59. The takeaways are now under new management.
All those convicted were found guilty of conspiracy to engage in sexual activity with girls under the age of 16.
Judge Gerald Clifton said the men, eight of Pakistani origin and one from Afghanistan, treated the girls "as though they were worthless and beyond respect".
The judge added: "One of the factors leading to that was the fact that they were not part of your community or religion.
"Some of you, when arrested, said it (the prosecution) was triggered by race. That is nonsense.
"What triggered this prosecution was your lust and greed."
The solicitor for Adil Khan, one of the convicted men, said an appeal would be lodged.
Alias Yousaf claimed outside court that jury deliberations had been "breached".
He claimed comments on Twitter by the far-right group Infidels of Great Britain and the leader of the British National Party, Nick Griffin, showed they knew the men would be found guilty before the verdicts were delivered.
Mr Yousaf said: "We are left with no option but to conclude that the confidentiality of the jury's deliberations must have been breached."
Earlier the 59-year-old leader of the sex ring, who cannot be named for legal reasons but was also convicted of two rapes, aiding and abetting rape, sexual assault and trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation, was jailed for 19 years.
His defence barrister, Simon Nichol, said his client "has objected from the start for being tried by an all white jury and subsequent events have confirmed his fears".
"He believes his convictions have nothing to do with justice but result from the faith and the race of the defendants.
"He further believes that society failed the girls in this case before the girls even met them and now that failure is being blamed on a weak minority group."
But sentencing the ringleader to 19 years in prison, the judge called him an "unpleasant and hypocritical bully" who had ordered a 15-year-old girl to have sex with takeaway worker Kabeer Hassan as a birthday "treat".
Hassan, 25, of Lacrosse Avenue, Oldham, was sentenced to nine years for rape and three years, concurrently, for the conspiracy conviction.
Taxi driver, Abdul Aziz, 41, a married father-of-three, of Armstrong Hurst Close, Rochdale, also convicted of trafficking for sexual exploitation, received a nine year sentence.
Aziz was said in court to have taken over as the main trafficker of girls.
Married father-of-five Abdul Rauf, 43, of Darley Road, Rochdale, also convicted of trafficking a child within the UK for sexual exploitation, received six years.
The religious studies teacher at a local mosque asked a 15-year-victim if she had any younger friends and would drive some of the girls to other men who would use them for sex.
Adil Khan, 42, of Oswald Street, Rochdale also convicted of trafficking a child within the UK for sexual exploitation, received eight years.
Khan, who is married with one child, fathered the child of a 13-year-old victim.
Mohammed Sajid, 35, of Jephys Street, Rochdale, also convicted of one count of rape, sexual activity with a girl under 16 and trafficking for sexual exploitation, was jailed for 12 years.
He will be deported back to Pakistan following the conclusion of his sentence.
Mohammed Amin, 45, of Falinge Road, Falinge, was a driver for Eagle Taxis for 14 years and was known as "Car Zero".
He was also convicted of sexual assault and received a five-year jail term.
Hamid Safi, 22, of no fixed address, was also convicted of trafficking girls for the purposes of sexual exploitation and sentenced to four years.
He sneaked into the UK on a lorry in 2008 and claimed asylum. He will be deported to Afghanistan at the end of his sentence.
Abdul Qayyum, 44, of Ramsay Street, Rochdale, was jailed for five years. He was a driver for Streamline Taxis in Middleton, Greater Manchester, and was known by the name "Tiger".


Villagers in Staffordshire have converted a red telephone box into a tiny free-to-use library.

The redundant booth in Wall, near Lichfield, was brought from BT for Â£1 and contains books donated by charity.
Visitors to the village, which is known for its Roman ruins, have begun taking pictures of the novel booth.
Mr Crowe said: "We have a lot of visitors to the Roman site but now we have almost as many taking photographs of the phone box."
Read updates on this story and more from Staffordshire


Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness has said he expects the Stormont parties could allocate government departments at the start of next week.

The DUP, Sinn FÃ©in, the SDLP and the Alliance Party are due to meet on Tuesday to discuss a draft document on Stormont's programme for government.
However, the SDLP and Alliance have yet to decide if they will form part of the Northern Ireland Executive.
The Ulster Unionists said last week they would not be taking a department.
Instead, they will form Stormont's first ever official opposition.
The draft document on the key points of the programme for government - a plan of priorities and action for the new Northern Ireland Executive - is "weak", according the the SDLP's Claire Hanna.
She added that it contains "a lot of very aspirational language which wouldn't allow anybody to hold any future government to account".
But Mr McGuinness of Sinn FÃ©in said it is based on a model previously tried out in Scotland and Finland.
He added that he wants all of the sectors of civil society to buy into the final programme for government.
The BBC has seen an early draft of a framework document prepared for the politicians by Stormont officials.
It contains 33 indicators of the direction the power-sharing executive wants Northern Ireland's society to move in.
On health matters, they include reducing health inequality; increasing healthy life expectancy; reducing preventable deaths, improving the quality of the healthcare experience; improving mental health; improving health in pregnancy; improving support for adults with care needs and to improving support for looked after children.
In terms of education, they document targets an improvement in improve educational outcomes; reducing educational inequality; improving the quality of education; improving the skills of the workforce in employment and improving child development.
Employment and economic aims are improving the number of people in work; reducing the number of people who are economically inactive; increasing the number of people working in good jobs; reducing poverty; increasing the size of the economy; increasing the competitiveness of the economy; increasing innovation in our economy; improving transport connections for people, goods and services; improving internet connectivity; increasing the use of public transport and active travel.
Other targets include improving the perception of public services; improving citizen safety from crime; improving the supply of suitable housing; to increase respect for each other; improving cultural participation; increasing the confidence and capability of people and communities; increasing environmental sustainability; improving our attractiveness as a destination; increasing the perception of society as shared; and increasing opportunity for our most deprived communities.
An accompanying document makes some tentative suggestions about how progress towards achieving these goals could be measured.
But at this point it does not contain any specific targets like the job creation, investment and visitor numbers pledges contained in the Programme for Government 2011-15.
The draft framework document also contains 13 proposed outcomes.
They are:
According to last year's Fresh Start agreement, officials were due to have a framework for a future programme for government prepared by the end of last month.
The current talks were then supposed to resolve a draft programme for government that could be put to the Northern Ireland Assembly for its approval.
Critics claim this timetable is already slipping as the politicians are currently considering a framework rather than a fuller draft programme.
The document seen by the BBC is expected to be amended by the parties then put out to a three-month public consultation.
A full programme for government will be published towards the end of the year, alongside a new budget, economic strategy, investment strategy and social policy plan.


Politicians from across the spectrum have been giving their views on plans for a feasibility study on extending the Borders Railway.

Nicola Sturgeon announced this week that if an SNP government was re-elected it would commit to a study.
Labour, the Lib Dems, Conservatives and Scottish Greens have also given their backing to such a report.
The multi-million pound line between Edinburgh and the Borders opened to passengers last year.
The first minister confirmed her party's support for a feasibility study during a visit to Hawick on Thursday.
"The Borders Railway has been a fantastic success - boosting the economy, leading to new house building and supporting tourism in the region," said Ms Sturgeon.
"Since it was opened in September last year the number of passengers has exceeded all expectations, with over half a million people travelling on the line by January.
"With this kind of success it makes sense to look at extending the line to other communities."
Paul Wheelhouse, who will contest the Ettrick, Roxburgh and Berwickshire seat for the SNP, said he was "delighted" with the commitment.
Jim Hume, set to fight in the same constituency for the Liberal Democrats, said his party had "paved the way" for the line to Tweedbank in 2006 when it was part of the coalition government in Holyrood.
"Liberal Democrats have always said that the line to Tweedbank should be seen as the start of a more ambitious vision of getting the line to Hawick and then eventually on to Carlisle, ensuring that more of our Borders communities can reap the economic benefits," he said.
He said the key to any feasibility study was that it started with the co-operation of stakeholders "as soon as possible" in order to build on the success of the line to Tweedbank.
Labour's Barrie Cunning also said he welcomed Ms Sturgeon's commitment to extending the Borders Railway.
"But whatever party is elected to government in May, it has a duty to undertake a real-time feasibility study into extending the Borders railway line which will benefit rural communities in the Borders," he added.
Conservative John Lamont said he supported "looking closely" at how the line could be extended to Hawick and on to Carlisle.
"However, we need to ensure that local businesses and the potential to maximise investment are central to this process," he said.
"This must be about creating jobs for the area and securing our long-term economic prosperity."
Scottish Greens' South of Scotland hopeful Sarah Beattie-Smith said it would be "very welcome news" to people in the Borders.
"The hugely successful reopening of the Waverley Line last year has shown that not only are people in the Borders better able to access the rest of Scotland, but that the rest of Scotland is waking up to the rich history, vibrant present and future possibilities of the Borders," she said.
"Extending the railway to Hawick and Carlisle is very clearly the right thing to do and we lend our full support to the campaign to see it completed."


Cuban police have detained more than 50 people who took part in a march calling on the island's communist government to release political prisoners.

The detentions come less than a week before a visit to Cuba by Pope Francis.
Most of the activists were members of the predominantly Catholic dissident group, Ladies in White.
They walked through the streets of Havana holding up pictures of political prisoners, before they were rounded up by police.
According to Cuba's main dissident website, 14yMedio, members of Ladies in White and activists from other opposition groups were handcuffed and pushed into police cars and buses on Sunday afternoon.
A number of them were released hours later, it said.
Cuba says the protesters are financed by right-wing American groups to destabilise the government.
Cuban dissidents are planning to protest during the Pope's visit to the island, which begins on Saturday.
They have accused the Cuban Catholic Church of becoming too cosy with the government of Raul Castro and failing to speak out against human rights abuses.
"The Church should be concerned about this or any time human rights are involved. It's their duty," said Jose Daniel Ferrer, head of leading dissident group Patriotic Union of Cuba.
He told the Reuters news agency he was handcuffed and taken to a police station after Sunday's protest.
Police later dropped him off at a bus terminal, he said.
The Cuban Catholic Church says it defends the respect of human rights but cannot take up individual political causes.
Pope Francis played a key role in facilitating the historic negotiations between Cuba and the United States, which led to diplomatic relations being restored after more than five decades of hostilities.
Senior Cuban and American officials met in secrets for months at the Vatican before Presidents Barack Obama and Raul Castro surprised the world last December by announcing they had agreed to mend relations.


A van driver who hit and killed a 70-year-old woman as she walked her dog in Gwynedd has been ordered to do 125 hours of unpaid work.

Iwan Roberts, 41, of Pwllheli, had a "momentary lapse of concentration," Caernarfon Magistrates' Court heard.
Joiner Roberts was found guilty of causing the death of Dorothy Jones by careless driving after hitting her in Talysarn.
He was banned from driving for a year and must also pay Â£910 in costs.
John Wyn Williams, defending, said: "This was a dangerous junction. His attention was drawn to the left because of the dangerous nature of the junction.
"He edged out into that junction, maybe concentrating on to the left and not seeing Mrs Jones on the right."


Juan Martin del Potro said he "more than won the tournament" despite his comeback at the Delray Beach Open ending in a semi-final defeat.

The 27-year-old former world number four lost 7-5 7-5 to American Sam Querrey on his return after an 11-month absence following two wrist operations.
"There are so many positive things," the Argentine said. "I'm looking forward to the future because I can make a plan for playing tournaments."
Querrey faces Rajeev Ram in the final.
Ram upset fourth seed Grigor Dimitrov 6-4 6-3 to set up an all-American showpiece in Florida.
Despite not making the final, 2011 Delray Beach champion Del Potro performed well in his four matches - the same number he played in the whole of 2015.
He forced Querrey to produce his best display of the tournament, with the world number 61 breaking at 5-5 in each set to seal victory.
Del Potro has suffered a succession of injuries since his 2009 US Open triumph and was ranked outside the top 1,000 before this tournament.


Two firms behind a controversial oil pipeline in the US have accused the White House of political interference for failing to approve its completion.

The US Army said it would not authorise the final section of the Dakota Access Pipeline to allow alternative routes to be considered.
The decision is a win for the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe who have protested against the pipeline for months.
But the next US president, Donald Trump, says he supports the project.
The multi-billion, 1,200-mile (1,900 km) pipeline, crossing four states, is intended to slash the costs of transferring crude. It is nearly complete except for a section planned to run under Lake Oahe, a reservoir on the Missouri River.
The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and their supporters fear it will contaminate drinking water and run over sacred burial sites.
Months of protests, on federal land, have seen clashes between the demonstrators and law enforcement.
The final stretch required a permit from federal authorities but on Sunday, the US Army Corps of Engineers refused to grant it so it could undertake "an environmental impact statement to look at possible alternative routes".
The two firms involved, Energy Transfer Partners and Sunoco Logistics, attacked the move as a "purely political action".
Noting that the project already has court approval, the companies accused the White House of abandoning the rule of law "in favour of currying favour with a narrow and extreme political constituency".
The Battle of Standing Rock is far from over.
A memorandum from the US Army Corps of Engineers might strongly suggest that the pipeline will be re-routed but it does not actually say that will happen.
It talks of "consideration" and "discussion" of other locations and of a "more robust analysis of alternatives" before permission "is granted for the Dakota Access Pipeline to cross the Missouri river on Corps land".
The Corps also acknowledges that the project has been ruled lawful by the courts.
Plus it hardly needs pointing out that Barack Obama, whom the protestors praise for this decision, will soon be succeeded by Donald Trump, a supporter of the project who has previously invested in Energy Transfer Partners and may still hold stock in a related firm, Phillips 66.
It would be a very big surprise indeed were Mr Trump not to try to reverse a move by the Corps of Engineers which one Republican in North Dakota said sent a "very chilling signal" for the future of infrastructure in the US.
Both companies added they "fully expect to complete construction of the pipeline without any additional rerouting in and around Lake Oahe".
Republican North Dakotan politicians too have piled in, with Governor Jack Dalrymple calling the decision a "serious mistake"
In contrast there has been jubilation among protesters, who have numbered in their thousands, enduring bitter cold at encampments.
Adan Bearcub, a Native American and military veteran, said "this is the best news that I've heard forever - best news for Native people, native country, the whole United States - all the people. Water is so precious."
The US army's decision has delighted high-profile opponents of the pipeline, such as actress Shailene Woodley, who was arrested at a protest in October.
Singer Alicia Keys shared a picture and a famous Native American quote.


People in Northern Ireland spend the most money in the UK on looking good, according to a government survey of weekly spending habits.

The Office for National Statistics family spending report, published on Tuesday, analyses how households in 13 regions across the UK spent their money over a three-year period.
About 1,200 people in Northern Ireland were surveyed between 2011 and 2013.
While some of the figures might be expected, it also came up with some surprising details.
Here is a breakdown of some of the areas studied in its report.
Northern Ireland was the highest spending region on clothing and footwear, spending over 50% more than the UK average.
While the UK average weekly spend over the three-year period was £22.60, the Northern Ireland figure was £35.
Both men and women in Northern Ireland were the highest spenders out of any region.
Men spent £9 a week on outer garments - almost double the UK average of £4.60 - while women also topped the table by spending £10.90 a week, £3 above the UK average.
More money was spent on children's clothes in Northern Ireland than the other 12 regions as well.
When it comes to overall personal care including toiletries and hairdressing, people in Northern Ireland were the biggest spenders in the category - the £15.30 weekly spend was well above the UK average of £11.
Northern Ireland spent the most - £4.90 a week - on hairdressing and beauty treatments. The UK average was £3.40.
The £3.20 weekly average spend on toiletries and soap was well above the UK average of £2.40, while the £5.60 spend on hair products, cosmetics and electronic personal appliances was well above the overall average of £3.70.
In the category of "alcohol, tobacco and narcotics", Northern Ireland people's £15.30 weekly spend was the overall highest and well above the £12.20 UK average.
The £6.60 average spend on cigarettes was well above the overall UK figure of £3.80, with only Scotland's £6 average coming close.
However, in terms of alcohol bought in off-licences, Northern Ireland's £7.90 figure was only slightly higher than the £7.60 UK average.
While Northern Ireland's £2.20 weekly spend on beer and cider was 20p higher than the UK average, the money spent on wines and fortified wines was 60p lower than the £4 UK figure.
Northern Ireland was second to Scotland on money spent on spirits, and the £2.10 weekly figure was well above the £1.50 UK average.
When it came to money spent on alcohol in bars and restaurants, Northern Ireland's £10 total was the highest in the UK and well above the £7.30 average.
Overall, the money spent eating and drinking in cafes, restaurants and hotels was well above the £40.20 UK average - Northern Ireland's £47.10 figure was second only to London.
Takeaway food to eat at home is also the most popular in Northern Ireland, with £7.20 a week going towards carryout meals - £3 higher than the average.
Overall, Northern Ireland's weekly bill of £62.60 for food and drink at home was second only to the south east of England.
The £6.10 spend on bread, rice and cereals was the highest in the UK, while its sweet tooth was evident in the £4.30 weekly expenditure on buns, cakes and biscuits - also the biggest figure out of the 13 regions.
Northern Ireland spends the most on potatoes - £1.40 compared to the UK average of 90p - but its £3.60 spend on fresh vegetables was well below the £4.20 overall UK figure. Money spent on fruit was 10p above the £3.20 UK average.
When it comes to meat, Northern Ireland families spend well above the average on beef - £3.20 compared to £1.80.
Northern Ireland households also spend the most on poultry products - the £2.80 a week figure is 50p higher than the UK average - while the £1.50 spent on bacon and ham is 50p more than the overall average.
While the spend on pork is 10p higher than the 70p UK average, people spend 30p a week less on lamb in Northern Ireland than the overall average of 70p.
In the category 'housing, fuel and power', Northern Ireland families' £56.50 spend is well below the £68.50 UK average.
However, when it comes to fuel bills, the £34.40 figure for electricity, gas and other fuels is substantially higher than the £23.90 UK average.
Northern Ireland households seem to have the greatest appetite for news - the £2.30 weekly spend is the highest out of any region, and well above the UK average of £1.70.
In contrast, the 90p average spent on books was the joint second lowest, and 30p below the overall UK figure.
It seems that Northern Ireland people are the most enthusiastic gamblers, spending £4.40 a week on bets compared to a UK average of £2.80.
However, they are not the most successful punters: a section called 'windfall receipts from gambling, etc' shows an average income of £1.70 a week, which is still 40p higher than the UK average.


Two Scottish sites are fighting hard to be the UK's first designated spaceport but is the idea pie in the sky or will there actually be lift-off?

Prestwick Airport in South Ayrshire and Machrihanish, near Campbeltown on the Kintyre peninsula, have recently stepped up their attempts to move into the space age.
They have been liaising with the UK government and the UK Space Agency over the possibility of licences being issued to break out of commercial airspace into orbit.
They are now waiting for the government to bring forward a bill setting out the requirements.
It all began five years ago when the UK government announced that Britain should lead the way on commercial space flight and set a 2018 target for getting a spaceport up and running.
The sites needed to be a safe distance from densely populated areas and have a runway that could be extended to more than 3,000m (9,842ft).
The need for a long runway was because the government envisaged the spaceport launching horizontal take-off  "spaceplanes", not old-technology vertical rockets.
Most of potential spaceplanes, such as the British-built Skylon, are still quite some time away from flying but ministers wanted the UK to be in position to catch the first wave when it arrived.
There was much talk of spaceports taking tourists on sub-orbital flights but the Scottish space community seems agreed that initially their main business would be delivering satellites into orbit or carrying out scientific research.
Two years ago a shortlist of five potential sites was announced. In addition to Machrihanish and Prestwick, Stornoway in the Western Isles was mentioned because it was one of the few sites that would be able to accommodate vertical launch rockets.
The Scottish sites were in competition with Llanbedr Airport in Wales and Newquay Cornwall Airport.
However, in May last year the government changed its focus and decided that any airport that met the criteria could become a spaceport.
At the same time it announced a Modern Transport Bill, which would include "legislation to enable the future development of the UK's first commercial spaceports".
Dr Malcolm Macdonald, director of the Scottish Centre of Excellence in Satellite Applications at Strathclyde University, said: "Initially it was announced as a competition between different sites and the government would back a winner.
"They have moved away from that to a licensing process."
The major interest of ministers and the space industry in a UK spaceport is as a facility to enable satellite launches rather than passenger space tourism.
Small satellite operators have difficulty getting low-cost access to space.
The first satellite designed and built in Scotland was launched in July 2014 via a rocket in Kazakhstan, piggy-backing along with other larger payloads.
Dr Macdonald said: "My feeling is they should have been targeting the launch of small and even nano satellites.
"That is what the sites in Scotland are now looking towards, while at the same time recognising the opportunities that would come along with space tourism."
Dr Macdonald added: "There are companies like OneWeb looking to launch a constellation of 650 spacecraft in the next three or four years to effectively deliver broadband from space.
"They have get them into orbit and they want to do that as cheaply as possible."
"If they can get operational very quickly they may be able to capitalise on that kind of market. There are number of companies looking at these mega constellations."
The UK government's Department for Transport (DfT) told BBC Scotland it had been working hard to develop the Modern Transport Bill but there was currently "no timetable" for its implementation.
A DfT spokeswoman admitted that events over the last year, such as Brexit, had made it difficult to find parliamentary time for the bill.
Dr Macdonald said the Modern Transport Bill was very important as it would bring "clarity" to the regulatory requirements for a UK spaceport.
He said one of the problems would be how the spaceflight would "transition" through the area where civil aircraft are operating would need to be quite well regulated.
"On top of that if you are launching a rocket as an external store on an aircraft or if you are using a spaceplane then the fuel can be quite explosive so you need to have the correct blast radius" Dr Macdonald said.
"There would be a whole range of things that would be required."
Prestwick has done a lot of work in preparation, basing the requirements on those in place in the USA.
They claim it would only cost between £1m and £3.5m to have the airport fit to receive a US licence.
Prestwick Airport's spaceport development officer Richard Jenner said the airport would need to make some modifications but it was confident it already had most safety measures in place.
The Machrihanish plan is being put together by DiscoverSpace UK.
Its managing director, Tom Millar, told BBC Scotland that vertical take-off was "not on the cards" so it was looking into the options for horizontal launches.
Machrihanish has a very long runway and is not close to large settlements, which meets the original government criteria.
Mr Millar also said that the airspace above the runway had very few commercial flights, taking away the concern over interference with passenger aircraft.
The project is also looking at connecting to a restricted airspace corridor that runs from the Ministry of Defence rocket range at Benbecula.
According to Mr Millar, getting small satellites into space would be a viable revenue stream.
He said the logistics of space tourism "do not stack up at this point".
Prestwick Airport's Richard Jenner said a company called Orbital Access was looking at an air-launch system.
It would use a wide-body carrier aircraft, with special modifications, to support the launch rocket before its release at altitude.
Dr Macdonald says: "They would use an aircraft to get up to altitude. It would carry a launcher rocket underneath the aircraft wings which is released at altitude and it goes up into space from there."
"It is an hybrid solution but would allow you to have a high frequency of launches. It could take off from any airport in terms of the aircraft but because of the rocket there would be a need for additional safety precautions."
Dr Macdonald says: "I'd be surprised if at least Prestwick does not get a licence.
"Again it comes back to the qualifier that we don't know what the government are looking for but Prestwick have done a lot of work.
"They could start to build up the possibility.
"Whether they will ever become a day to day spaceport, that's quite a long way down the line but in some respects even if you develop the local capability in Scotland to design and build the vehicles that are accessing space but they they go off to operate in China, if they are designed and built in Scotland we are getting a lot of that value anyway."