Sixty-four years after scoring the World Cup-winning goal for Uruguay against Brazil at Rio de Janeiro's Maracana stadium, Alcides Ghiggia remembers with absolute clarity the moment nearly 200,000 spectators fell into a deathly hush.

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"There was complete silence. The crowd was frozen still. It was like they weren't even breathing," he recalls. "They couldn't even raise their voices to cheer on Brazil. That was when I realised they weren't going to do it and that we'd won."
The slicked-back hair is thinner now, the pencil-thin moustache grey. But at 87, Ghiggia, the sole survivor from that 1950 winning team, is still recognisable as the pivotal figure of arguably the greatest upset in World Cup history.
Few expected a Uruguay victory. Certainly, no Brazilians did. A day earlier, São Paulo's Gazeta Esportiva newspaper proclaimed: "Tomorrow we will beat Uruguay!" Rio's O Mundo printed a photo of the Brazilian squad accompanied by the caption: "These are the world champions."
After a goalless first half, one minute into the second period Brazil took the lead through Friaca. But in the 66th minute, Uruguay's Juan Alberto Schiaffino equalised after connecting with Ghiggia's cross into the box.
The goal quietened the partisan crowd. But as victory in this World Cup was determined by points, rather than knock-out phases, a draw would still have seen Brazil crowned champions.
Ghiggia, a gifted right-winger in his prime, able to dribble the ball at great speed, has told the story of what happened next thousands of times. He tells it sparingly, matter-of-factly, with no sentimental indulgence.
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"I took the ball on the right," he recalls. "I dribbled past Bigode [the Brazilian left-back] and entered the box. The goalkeeper [Moacyr Barbosa] thought I was going to cross it, like with the first goal, so he left a gap between himself and the near post. I just had a second so I shot low between the keeper and the post."
The ramifications of that moment, 11 minutes from the end of the match, are still felt acutely to this day.
For Brazil the result was considered a national catastrophe. The match remains etched solemnly on the national consciousness as O Maracanaço (a Portuguese term roughly translated as 'The Maracana Blow', which became synonymous with the match). With just a touch of hyperbole, not to mention bad taste, the Brazilian writer Nelson Rodrigues referred to the defeat as "our Hiroshima".
Vilified by their fans, many of the squad slunk into retirement; others were never selected again. With the home strip, a white shirt with a blue collar, now considered jinxed, Brazil then adopted its famous yellow and green uniform. Five World Cup victories followed, but they have never fully erased the trauma of that defeat.
Barbosa, the Brazilian goalkeeper, never got over it. His miscalculation made him the obvious scapegoat. Despite a long career with the Rio de Janeiro club Vasco, he only played once more for the national team. Colleagues shunned him. After he was barred from visiting the Brazilian squad ahead of the 1994 World Cup, he told reporters, "In Brazil, the maximum penalty for a crime is 30 years; I've spent 44 years paying for a crime I didn't even commit."
Ghiggia says he thinks Barbosa was blamed unfairly. "I spoke to him years after the World Cup. I told him football is 11 men against 11 men. Goalkeepers are always under-appreciated. You can play well the whole match, but you let in a goal and they blame you. My marker didn't stop me, why didn't they blame him? Barbosa died [in 2000] with the ingratitude of the Brazilian people."
No match in Brazil's football history has been as analysed as the Maracanaço. Every 16 July is a time of reflection and introspection. Last year, the 63rd anniversary was marked with the publication of "Dossier '50", yet another contribution to the publishing empire built on critiques of the defeat.
Ghiggia has remarked previously that "sometimes I feel like I am Brazil's ghost. I'm always there in their memories."
Yet, given the pain he inflicted, the country's citizens seemingly bear him no ill-feeling. "They are always very affectionate towards me. Despite all that happened, people in Brazil still recognise me, they still come to talk to me about it. Recently, I was in Bahia for the World Cup draw and everyone treated me well."
Ghiggia travelled there from his home in the small city of Las Piedras, about an hour north of the Uruguayan capital of Montevideo.
Between two of its central streets, down a narrow whitewashed alley, the World Cup winner lives in a modest semi-detached bungalow, with his 40-year-old wife, Beatriz, and their large German shepherd dog.
On the walls of the front room hang the many trophies he collected in a career spanning 24 years, six clubs, and two countries. Above the fireplace is a line drawing of the player in profile, aged 24, signed by all the members of the Uruguayan squad. Opposite, an oil painting of the Maracana, as seen from above, on 16 July 1950, the day of their famous victory.
For Ghiggia, who scored in each of the four matches he played in that World Cup, the overriding memory is one of joy. "I remember the happiness that we felt. That's what I remember the most. The satisfaction of beating the whole world."
The celebrations, by today's standards, were modest. "We looked for the team treasurer but we couldn't find him, so we had a whip round among the players and bought some sandwiches and a beer. Then we went to the dormitory to celebrate." It was Uruguay's second, and last, World Cup victory.
Ghiggia remained in the Uruguayan squad for the next two years, but never added to his tally of international goals. In 1952 he left the Uruguayan side Penarol to become one of the first South American players to move to Europe, spending eight years at AS Roma in Italy.
In 200 league games Ghiggia scored 19 goals, though Roma never finished higher than third in Serie A during his time there. He became a naturalised Italian citizen in 1957, which made him eligible to play for the national side. The following year he was selected to play for Italy in the qualifying rounds of the World Cup; he scored one goal in five appearances, but it was the only time the Azzurri failed to qualify.
In 1950 Ghiggia became one of only two players - the other to date          being Brazilian legend Jairzinho, in 1970 - to score in every game of a World Cup
Did he feel divided loyalties playing for two different countries? "It was difficult, but I was also very proud. Of course my Italian inheritance qualified me, but it was something very special for them to select someone who had been born and brought up in another country."
After a short spell with AC Milan, Ghiggia returned to Uruguay in 1963, where he played six seasons for Danubio, before retiring in 1968, just days before his 42nd birthday.
Following their retirement from football, all the members of Uruguay's World Cup-winning team were given jobs by the government. Ghiggia's was to ensure gamblers did not try to cheat the Casino Montevideo. On leaving that post, in 1992, he was entitled to a state pension of around $700 a month.
To make ends meet, he moved from Montevideo to Las Piedras. He even sold his World Cup winner's medal, but a Brazilian-Uruguayan business magnate bought it and returned it to him. He supplemented his income giving occasional driving lessons. Beatriz, his third wife, was his first student.
Ghiggia's World Cup exploits did not make him rich, but he will be forever revered. His image adorned a special postage stamp on his 80th birthday with the words 'Ghiggia nos hizo llorar' ('Ghiggia moved us to tears'), and a mould of his feet lies alongside Pele, Eusebio and Franz Beckenbauer at the Maracana's walk of fame.
Brazil will play host to a very different World Cup this time, Ghiggia believes. "Before, football was more of a spectacle. It was friendlier, more beautiful. Now football is about business. There's a lot of money in the game. That's why football has changed so much."
But with Uruguay and Italy in the same World Cup group, alongside England and Costa Rica, he will have a keen eye on events.
Ghiggia expects Uruguay and England to qualify - "Italy are not so good at the moment" - but despite a high regard for Liverpool striker Luis Suarez and Paris St-Germain forward Edinson Cavani, elsewhere he thinks the Uruguay squad is due an overhaul. "They will have to refresh the team," he adds. "There are a few of them who have been playing for years and they shouldn't be there anymore."
Maybe they are holding on for their own shot at World Cup immortality, their own moment to silence those who have dismissed their chances. Ghiggia, the great survivor, could tell them a thing or two about that.


The man accused of murdering a children's author has told a court he spoke to her on the phone four days after she went missing.

Ian Stewart, 56, said Helen Bailey had been snatched by two men who blackmailed him for Â£500,000.
He told St Albans Crown Court he spoke to her on the phone four days later and she told him: "I love you".
The 56-year-old denies murdering his fiancee, whose body was found at their home in Hertfordshire.
He told the court he had been subjected to a series of demands by her alleged tormentors, involving threats against Ms Bailey and his two sons.
Cross-examining Mr Stewart, prosecutor Stuart Trimmer QC told him: "You are, without doubt, a complete liar".
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Mr Stewart alleged the two men, Nick and Joe, were business associates of Ms Bailey's late first husband John Sinfield and had taken her on 11 April.
He said that four days later, Nick had returned to the house Mr Stewart shared with the Northumberland-born author in Royston, Hertfordshire.
Nick handed him a phone and he spoke to Ms Bailey, the jury heard, and she said "I love you. Sorry about everything".
He told the court he had responded by saying: "It's not your fault. I love you too".
Mr Stewart claimed his fiancee asked him to search the house for her own mobile phone before he was assaulted and threatened by Nick.
He reported her missing on the afternoon of 15 April.
The court previously heard how Mr Stewart said he lied to Ms Bailey's friends, family and the police about her whereabouts out of fear for her life.
Her body was found in a cesspit under the garage of the couple's home on 15 July, along with that of her dachshund, Boris.
Mr Stewart, of Baldock Road, Royston, Hertfordshire, denies murder, preventing a lawful burial, fraud, and three counts of perverting the course of justice.
The trial continues.


The head of the International Monetary Fund, Christine Lagarde, has endorsed the UK government's economic strategy.

Speaking at an IMF meeting in Washington she said: "It's obvious what's happening in the UK has worked."
Ms Lagarde played down differences between the IMF calculation of the future deficit and the more optimistic one provided by the Office for Budget Responsibility.
She said the figures were virtually the same, but just calculated differently.
George Osborne was sharing a panel with Ms Lagarde and German finance minister Wolfgang Schaeuble when she made the remarks.
"Generally in any election year, the teams that provide the hypotheticals on which future deficits are forecast, err on the side of caution and assume that whatever is announced is not necessarily or inevitably going to happen," she said.
Ms Lagarde added that the UK authorities had managed to provide the right balance of spending cuts and revenue raising.
"It's clearly also delivering results, because when we look at the comparative growth rates delivered by various countries in Europe, it's obvious that what's happening in the UK has actually worked," she said.
The IMF had predicted that the UK will have a deficit of Â£7bn in 2019-20, while the OBR expects there to be a surplus of Â£7bn.
Despite the large figures, the difference is just 0.6% of GDP.
Ms Lagarde said that this week's talks aimed to devise a plan to "prevent this new mediocre from becoming the new reality", adding: "The good news is that the global recovery continues. The not-so-good news is that growth remains moderate and uneven."
The IMF is forecasting only modest overall growth for the global economy and has downgraded the prospects for some countries.
The prediction for the US - the world's largest economy - has been cut from 3.6% to 3.1% for 2015 as IMF economists believe the sharp rise in the value of the dollar will make American exports less competitive.
The Fund is also concerned that new volatility in financial markets could result if the US Federal Reserve finally raises interest rates later this year.
Ed Balls, the Shadow Chancellor, has told the BBC it was "not the IMF's job to arbitrate" between the parties' positions on the UK economy.
Speaking on a visit to a printing company in Cambridge, he said it was up to voters to decide "who's going to balance the books in a fair way".


A man has died and several were left injured in an alleged axe and knife attack in Plymouth, police said.

Officers were called to the Kings Arms pub on The Green, at Tamerton Foliot, at about 01:30 GMT.
A 27-year-old local man died at the scene and two others were treated at Derriford Hospital, a Devon and Cornwall Police spokesman said.
He added weapons had been seized and a 20 and a 21-year-old man had been arrested.
Det Supt Jim Colwell said it was to early to say what the reason for the incident was.
He said: "We know there were two weapons involved, we have recovered an axe type weapon from near the scene.  We are keen to recover the second weapon described as a blade or knife.
"I would ask residents living in the area to look in their gardens and tell us if they find anything meeting that description."
Devon and Cornwall Police said both suspects were being detained at Charles Cross Police Station in Plymouth.
Phil Edmonds, who has lived in the area for a number of years, said: "This is such a lovely little village, it is really shocking, I was gobsmacked really."
A number of people called police to report a man holding a knife and an axe, with further calls of disturbance later in the morning.
Det Supt Colwell said: "We are appealing for anyone who witnessed the incident or who was in the Tamerton Foliot area this morning to contact the police.
"We have established a cordon at Station Road to assist with scene investigation and our officers will be active in the area throughout the day conducting enquiries."


The absence of any non-whites in the four Oscar acting categories for the second year running has prompted more discussion on diversity in Hollywood.

Will Smith and Idris Elba are among those who were snubbed by Academy voters, according to some commentators.
Gil Robertson of the African-American Film Critics Association complained that it was "business as usual".
Reginald Hudlin, co-producer of this year's Oscar ceremony, called the situation "frustrating".
"Maybe if there's 50 great films by black film-makers, they will get three nominations," the director continued.
"It's just a frustrating thing that the voting doesn't reflect what America is saying very loud and clear."
One bone of contention is the Academy's failure to nominate Straight Outta Compton, a biopic of rap collective NWA, for the best picture Oscar.
Its black director, F Gary Gray, was also overlooked, as were its cast members. The film did receive a single nomination, for its four white screenwriters.
Creed star Michael B Jordan and his director Ryan Coogler were also left off the shortlist, though Sylvester Stallone was recognised for his work in the film.
"Creed was written and directed by the black Ryan Coogler and starred a black man, but the only nominee was a white man," wrote Variety's Tim Gray.
Cheryl Boone Isaacs, the Academy's first African-American president, admitted to being "disappointed" by another all-white line-up in the acting categories.
"We have got to speed it up," she said of her organisation's attempts to become the "more diverse and inclusive organisation" she called for this time last year.
"Why did the Oscars announce all the white nominees first?" tweeted comedian Ricky Gervais after Thursday's nominations announcement in Los Angeles.
Civil rights leader Reverend Al Sharpton, meanwhile, compared Hollywood to America's Rocky Mountains by tweeting: "The higher [yo]u climb the whiter."
Homeland actor David Harewood and Booker-winning Marlon James were among others to tweet their dismay.
In a post which was later removed, Harewood suggested that "all nominees [should] turn up to this year's Oscar ceremony in blackface".
James, meanwhile, joked that the bear that mauls Leonardo DiCaprio's character in The Revenant "would have snagged a nomination if she were polar."
Last year's lack of diversity saw the creation of the Twitter hashtag #OscarsSoWhite, resurrected this year as #OscarsStillSoWhite.
Several of those using it predicted comedian Chris Rock would be sure to reference the disparity in his role as Oscar ceremony host.
Charles Gant, film editor of Heat magazine, suggests the lack of diversity within the Academy's 6,000-strong membership is having a knock-on effect on the overall nomination shortlist.
"The ethnic make-up of the Academy is obviously a factor in what gets recognised and celebrated, and the solution would be for a more diverse set of winners to become invited to become members, leading to a more diverse set of winners and so on," he said
"But sometimes also it's a case of how the pieces fall in a given year. Straight Outta Compton, for example, is a great showcase for acting, with three appealing young leads, but maybe one single actor didn't emerge for the Academy to rally behind."
In his most recent Kermode Uncut post, critic Mark Kermode bemoans the "obvious" omission of Idris Elba in the best supporting actor category for his role in African civil war drama Beasts of No Nation.
"In fact, when you look at all the performance nominations, it has to be said [that] diversity isn't the word that immediately springs to mind," he goes on to say.
Some eyebrows were been raised over the lack of diversity in this year's Brit nominations, which were also announced on Thursday.
There were no black or Asian minority (BAME) acts among the British nominees, a shortfall pointed out by NME magazine among others.
"Take a glance down the Brit nominations and for best male and best female solo artist, best group, album of the year and breakthrough act," wrote its online reporter.
"You might be disappointed, but probably not surprised, to learn that they're all white."
International male solo artist saw rapper Drake, Kendrick Lamar and R&B singer The Weeknd nominated.


Some of my finest swearing takes place while driving, or rather crawling, along the 880 - a congested, polluted, almost-always-jammed monstrosity of a freeway that slithers past Tesla’s car-making plant in Fremont, California.

Each time I’m unfortunate enough to find myself on this stretch, I’m struck by the symbolism: a road thick with fumes, overlooked by a factory working overtime to change that.
From that vantage point it’s pretty hard not to root for Elon Musk’s company, or at the very least his vision for a cleaner, more sustainable energy industry.
So far, he’s making incredible process.
“Can you name any other car company, in the history of mankind, that has gotten to where Tesla has in 10 years?” asks Bob, a Tesla fan I meet after he pulled into the factory to charge his beloved car.
I can’t, of course. Tesla's rise has been astronomical, bordering on absurd. Earlier this month, Tesla (albeit briefly) became the most valuable car company in the US, overtaking both Ford and General Motors. Two companies that, as well as being around for decades before Mr Musk was even born, sell vastly more cars than Tesla - and make far more money doing it.
But that doesn't matter to investors, who have been falling over themselves to buy up Tesla’s stock, pushing it to a valuation of around $50bn - more than double what it should be, according to some.
“The market’s giving them credit now for something they may or may not become,” said Brian Johnson, an automotive analyst at investment bank Barclays Capital.
Elon’s Matrix
Tesla Motors wasn’t founded by Elon Musk, but it for sure wouldn’t have survived without him.
He doesn’t do many interviews, and declined to speak to me for this article. But that’s OK - because much like this country’s current president, Mr Musk does much of his thinking aloud, on Twitter. He uses it to speak directly to his fans, bypassing the necessity of using the press to get his message out. Often, I’m told, without warning his long-suffering communications team in advance.
“Stormy weather in Shortville…” was one such tweet sent, gleefully, on 4 April as Tesla’s stock was riding high.
He was having a risky dig at all those investors who sold off Tesla stock at the high price on the assumption they could buy it back again when the price dropped - skimming off the profit.
It’s a tweet that might come back to bite him, predicted Mr Johnson, who draws parallels with  that iconic scene in the Matrix, where lead character Neo is given a choice of a red pill - and discover reality - or a blue pill, meaning blissful ignorance of the truth.
“Investors are very happy to take the blue pill right now,” Mr Johnson said.
“Especially when the stock has been going up like it has.
"A red pill view would lead you to a more conservative view of the valuation and not wanting to chase this rally too far.”
He believes blue-pillers see Tesla’s headstart in battery manufacture, autonomy and other energy-related side projects as giving the company an unbeatable, perhaps even monopolistic advantage. But it’s far from certain.
"Tesla may be one of the finalists,” Mr Johnson said. "But not the only one. You’re not talking about an industry structure that becomes iPhone-like.
“We’re skeptical.”
Pre-order pressure
Just over a year ago, I stood and watched as Mr Musk took to a stage in Los Angeles and unveiled the Model 3, his most important product yet. His loyal fans whooped and hollered.
Unlike the cars that came before it, the Model 3 was meant for people with slightly more modest incomes - $35,000, minus the incentives offered to people buying green vehicles.
That night, he invited pre-orders - and he got them by the hundreds of thousands. Problem is, he doesn’t yet have a factory capable of building them quickly enough.
Last year Tesla made 80,000 cars. General Motors made 10 million. Mr Musk has invested massively in streamlining and innovating the Tesla production line in Fremont, but it’s a huge task.
“We have to see the proof that they can make the car, that it comes in at the price they promised, and that they can make a lot of them,” said Ashlee Vance, a Silicon Valley-based journalist and author of Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future.
“Tesla has not done a good job of making lots of cars,” he added.
"If they are not able to get the Model 3 out quickly and then keep the factory coming along it becomes this huge cost sink for Tesla.”
Keep on trucking
Mr Musk is used to people telling him his ambitions are too great, or that his promises are recklessly optimistic.
But over the years, since his fortune-making days as co-founder of PayPal, Mr Musk has developed an incredible ability to deflect missed targets with even bigger ones.
As investors wait on Tesla to deliver on those Model 3s, for example, Mr Musk is busy tweeting about his planned September unveiling of a electric powered articulated lorry. And a pick-up truck.
His Gigafactory - the largest factory floor in the world - is just getting operational, and already he is talking about building two or three more. Or perhaps even 100.
What Mr Musk has created is a sense of excitement that has followers locked in admiration, and investors gripped by FOMO - the Fear Of Missing Out. What if Tesla becomes the next Apple, the next Amazon. What if it’s even bigger than that?
Whatever your assessment of the valuation, there’s no questioning that the Cult of Elon is stronger than ever - and it adds billions to Tesla’s value.
“This is almost all about the personality,” added Mr Vance. "If you put almost any other executive in charge of this company there’s no way it has the same glow around it.
"Now that he’s hit his stride, more people have become believers in this guy. It’s almost impossible to separate the personality from the company.”
___________
Follow Dave Lee on Twitter @DaveLeeBBC
You can reach Dave securely through encrypted messaging app Signal on: +1 (628) 400-7370


The Afghan Taliban face the biggest challenge in their history.

With the death of their revered leader Mullah Omar and the selection of a successor, the group has entered uncharted territory.
Mullah Akhtar Mansour's appointment came after three days of talks among members of their religious council.
There were disagreements over the choice of Mansour, a native of Afghanistan's Kandahar province.
Many powerful commanders, including the Taliban's top military commander, Abdul Qayum Zakir, have long-standing disagreements with him.
A faction within the Taliban wanted Mullah Omar's eldest son, Mullah Mohammad Yaqoob, to take over; other leading figures favoured Mullah Abdul Ghani Braradar, a founding member of the Taliban and Mullah Omar's former deputy.
Mullah Mansour served as aviation minister during Taliban rule and has been a deputy of Mullah Omar and acting head of the Taliban's Leadership Council for around three years.
He has been accused of monopolising power and hijacking the movement. Some also accused him of being close to Pakistan. But he is seen as a pragmatist and a proponent of peace talks.
The biggest challenge for the new leader will be to keep the group united and inspire and motivate the rank-and-file members.
The council also appointed the chief of Haqqani network, Sirajuddin Haqqani, as one of two deputies of the new leader.
His other deputy is Mawlawi Haibatullah Akhundzada, a religious scholar and former head of the Taliban courts.
As they represent different factions and tendencies, this seems to be part of an effort to make the group inclusive and united.
Mullah Omar had become a mythical figure within the group, closely obeyed by the wider membership.
With a $10m (Â£6.4m) US bounty on his head, Mullah Omar kept an exceptionally low profile.
He was not seen again in public after he left Kandahar on a motorbike when the Taliban regime fell in December 2001.
Mullah Omar was widely rumoured to be in Pakistan. A couple of sightings in Pakistan were reported, in 2004 and later in 2011, but the authorities there have always denied his presence on their soil.
He did not live with his wives and children, perhaps for security reasons. His eldest son, 27-year-old Mohammad Yaqoob, graduated recently from a religious seminary in Karachi.
He has never issued a video statement and relied on audio messages to instruct his lieutenants and the Taliban leadership council. But apparently that, too, stopped around 2008.
He issued written statements usually twice a year for the two Muslim festivals of Eid. The latest of these statements, issued on 15 July, expressed support for the peace talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban.
Mullah Omar was the glue that held the movement together since it was launched in 1994. He was both feared and revered.
His reclusiveness added to his mystique. However, in recent years, his absence fuelled rumours that he was dead or incapacitated.
Over the past two years, questions about his life and whereabouts increased, putting pressure on Mansour to produce credible evidence he was alive.
The other controversial point is the timing of Mullah Omar's death, as rumours of his ill-health and demise have circulated in the past.
Afghan and Nato officials have said around a dozen times over the last 14 years that Mullah Omar was dead. But the Taliban repeatedly denied this as "enemy propaganda".
The Afghan government said on Wednesday that Mullah Omar died in a hospital in Karachi in April 2013, while other reports put it in July that year.
But by some accounts Mullah Omar died in recent weeks of a heart attack.
He had reportedly been ill for a long time and was operated on about four years ago after developing heart complications.
The cause of his death is also a matter of debate. It is widely thought the Taliban leader died from an illness -  some reports say tuberculosis, others mention hepatitis.
But several credible sources told me that he died of heart attack in Pakistan.
Taliban sources say he was buried on the Afghan side of the border after his son identified his body.
The new Taliban leader will have to deal with two big problems.
On one hand, it will be extremely difficult, if not impossible, for his successor to achieve the same popularity in the group.
On the other, disagreements could result in the fragmentation of the Taliban and possible defections to the so-called Islamic State (IS).
Mullah Omar had a dual role. He was the political and military leader of the Taliban but more importantly he was called Amir al-Mumineen (Leader of the Faithful).
The Taliban have a principle of "obedience to the Amir (leader)," which makes following orders a religious duty.
Mullah Omar was seen as a saintly figure to whom all the Taliban had pledged allegiance.
Even leaders of foreign militant groups such as al-Qaeda, the Pakistani Taliban and the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan had sworn loyalty and accepted Mullah Omar as leader.
But Mullah Mansour has now been given the same title of Leader of the Faithful. This means that he would expect the same religious legitimacy Mullah Omar had.
It will be a challenge for Mullah Mansoor to acquire the same wider appeal and legitimacy.
In the case of a questionable religious authority, members of militant groups including the Taliban and al-Qaeda could switch their loyalties to the leader of the IS who has declared himself the Caliph.
Although Mullah Mansoor does not have same stature as Mullah Omar, efforts are under way to resolve these internal disagreements within the Taliban.


Scotland's Russell Knox fell out of contention on the final day as American Justin Thomas successfully defended his CIMB Classic title in Malaysia.

Knox and Thomas both started their final round four shots behind overnight leader Anirban Lahiri of India.
A quadruple bogey nine at the third brought Lahiri back into the pack and Thomas capitalised, carding an eight-under 64 to finish on 23 under, three clear of Japan's Hideki Matsuyama (66).
Knox was 10 adrift after posting a 74.
Thomas, 23, had led over the first two days of the tournament and started his charge with four birdies in his first five holes on Sunday.
"I got a great start and I really was very pleased with how I felt like I handled myself and how I felt out there," he said.
Lahiri, who was looking for his first PGA Tour win, lodged his tee shot in a tree on the third and eventually finished in a tie for third place, four strokes back.


Train drivers' union Aslef and the owners of ScotRail have said good progress has been made in talks over pay and conditions.

The talks were called in a bid to resolve an industrial dispute which has hit Sunday services.
They follow moves by Aslef to ballot its members for industrial action from next month.
The dispute centres around plans by ScotRail franchise holders Abellio to introduce a seven-day rota for drivers.
Currently drivers work a six-day week, with Sundays classed as overtime.
The union has said it does not object to the plans, but wants to see drivers given a pay rise for the extra work.
About a third of ScotRail's trains were cancelled on Sunday after drivers refused to work overtime.
Aslef has warned that industrial action could start as early as 17 August, if no settlement can be reached and members back action.
The talks are due to continue on Wednesday.


A finance manager who stole £46,000 of school dinner money has been jailed.

Jacqueline Robb, 54, of Laburnum Avenue, Manchester, used the funds to buy foreign holidays and clothes.
The school where she worked spotted that £952 was missing from its bank account after an audit in autumn 2016. It later identified a loss of £46,011 between April 2012 and December 2016.
Robb was jailed for 10 months at Manchester Crown Court after she pleaded guilty to theft.
She had been employed at a school in Openshaw since April 2009, where her duties included the administration and accounting of the school meals income.
The audit identified an annual deficit of about £10,000 missing from the school's bank account between 2012 and 2016.
Det Con Laura Watson, from Greater Manchester Police, said Robb had been initially considered as a "respected and trusted member of staff".
"She made the decision to breach the trust instilled in her by the school, improving her financial wellbeing through illicit means, which is absolutely unacceptable."
A proceeds or crime hearing is due to be held on 26 October.


Northern Ireland fans will be allowed to apply for two tickets to the Euro 2016 finals in France.

Supporters' loyalty will be rewarded with those who regularly attended games during the Euro qualifying campaign to be given priority.
The decision follows discussions this week between the Irish FA and Uefa.
Priority will be given to block bookers who renewed tickets after the 2014 World Cup campaign and those who bought tickets for Euro 2016 qualifiers.
The success of applications from fans who apply for two tickets will be affected by the "purchasing behaviour" of the second named applicant, according to the IFA.
"Supporters who apply for one ticket will have a level of priority based on their own purchases, while fans who apply for two tickets will have a shared priority allocation," stated the IFA's head of communications, Neil Brittain.
"If a block booker who applies with another block booker, then both remain at the level of priority that they would have had if they had been applying as individuals.
"However, if a block booker applies with a supporter who hasn't attended any Northern Ireland games in recent years, then the priority points will be divided between both."
The move to allow fans to apply for two tickets is good news for Under-18s, who would not have been able to purchase tickets under Uefa rules.
The IFA has over 500 junior campaign card holders who are now eligible to apply for tickets.


King Richard III's remains have arrived at Leicester Cathedral ahead of his reburial.

His funeral cortege entered the city at the historic Bow Bridge after touring landmarks in the county.
Cannon were fired in a salute to the king at Bosworth, where he died in 1485.
His coffin will be on public view at the cathedral from 09:00 GMT on Monday. He will finally be reinterred during a ceremony on Thursday.
Richard's skeleton was found in 2012, in an old friary beneath a car park.
The former king's coffin, which is made of English oak from a Duchy of Cornwall plantation, emerged during a ceremony at the University of Leicester.
Archaeologists, academics, researchers and descendants of Richard III's family, including Michael Ibsen who built the coffin, placed white roses on it during the ceremony.
The reburial procession began at Fenn Lane Farm, believed to be the closest spot to where the king was killed.
Ceremonies were held for the king as his cortege travelled through the county, including those at Bosworth Battlefield Heritage Centre and Bow Bridge.
Ahead of the cortege arriving in Leicester, city mayor Peter Soulsby said: "It was from Leicester in 1485 that Richard rode out to battle and it was to Leicester that he returned, defeated, slung ignominiously across the back of a horse.
"It's now our opportunity to put it right and to make sure this time that it's done with dignity and honour."
However, campaigners who petitioned for Richard III to be reburied in York have described the events in Leicester as a "pantomime".
Louise Hollingsworth wrote on Facebook: "The more I see of the undignified, money-grabbing pantomime surrounding King Richard III in Leicester this weekend, the more incensed I become."
After a service at St Nicholas Church, the coffin was transferred to a horse-drawn hearse before arriving at the cathedral via High Street and Grey Friars.
The public will be able to view the coffin at the cathedral from Monday to Wednesday before a reinterment service on Thursday.
A spokesman for Leicester Cathedral has confirmed that the Queen has written a greeting that will appear in the order of service at the reinterment but details of the message's content will not be released ahead of the event.


A new version of Bitcoin has been mined for the first time in the crypto-currency's history.

Bitcoin Cash is the result of months of debate and development over how the currency would continue to evolve.
Fears of large swings in the value of Bitcoin have so far not been realised - but some exchanges are still adapting to the new currency.
One expert said the process had gone smoothly so far and pointed out that trade in Bitcoin Cash seemed "robust".
Bitcoin Cash was developed as a measure to increase the capacity of Bitcoin's underlying technology, the blockchain - a digital ledger that records every single transaction.
Because the old blockchain could only have one megabyte (MB) of data added to it every 10 minutes, transactions have come to be processed at slower rates.
Bitcoin Cash blocks can be as large as 8MB, which its proponents hope will help to solve this problem.
Yesterday, Bitcoin Cash was officially born when block number 478559 - at just under 2MB in size - was mined.
No major issues have so far been detected following the split although a few exchanges and wallets have had minor technical issues with supporting Bitcoin Cash initially, said Dr Garrick Hileman, research fellow at the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance.
"A market seems to be emerging for Bitcoin Cash that looks to be relatively robust," he told the BBC.
The fresh-faced crypto-currency was trading comfortably above $400 (Â£300) about 12 hours after it was created.
Bitcoin itself saw a modest fall in price on Tuesday, but was still above $2,700 (Â£2,000) at 10:00 BST on Wednesday.
Thanks to its larger block size, Bitcoin Cash requires more computer storage space from parties wishing to take part in the process of mining.
Mining involves computers being tasked with solving difficult mathematical problems in order to authorise transactions on the blockchain.
Miners receive new bitcoins as a reward for this work - making it lucrative - and it has also been something open to individuals in the past, because the cost of small scale mining equipment has been relatively low.
That could change thanks to Bitcoin Cash.
"Bigger players with access to server farms and big budgets will have no problem running bigger nodes, but smaller operators could be squeezed out," said Dr Hileman.
"Will companies dominate Bitcoin Cash more than Bitcoin? We're going to see this in the flesh now, how this will play out."
And there are other issues to ponder - not least the decision by one of the biggest crypto-currency exchanges, Coinbase, not to support Bitcoin Cash.
"Seriously look at Bitcoin Cash going up. If you kept your [Bitcoin] at @coinbase and are not getting any you must be pretty fed up right now," tweeted one trader who watched the split unfold.
The split might also make it harder to establish Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash as currencies useful for commerce, suggested Vili Lehdonvirta at the Oxford Internet Institute.
This is because a greater number of currencies each with a smaller number of users are less likely to be accepted in lots of different places, he explained.
But Bitcoin traders may simply be interested in speculation - buying and selling coins in the hope they rise in value.
"In which case actual usefulness doesn't matter," he said.


A driver caught on camera eating a bowl of cereal is being investigated by police.

The incident in Hampton Court, in south west London, was filmed by cycling instructor David Williams, 47, who recorded it on his helmet camera and posted it on YouTube.
The female driver was behind the wheel of a red Land Rover Discovery.
Surrey Police said their enquiries were "ongoing" into whether a crime had been committed.
Mr Williams said: "It is disturbing that people think driving while eating a bowl of cereal is acceptable.
"She was coming up to a junction - it is incredible a person in such a large vehicle can consider that is a good way of conducting themselves on a road."
He also told the Evening Standard he thought the bowl contained "porridge or muesli".
In a statement, Surrey Police said: "Enquiries are ongoing and we are in the process of obtaining the footage online so that further enquiries can be carried out to establish whether any offences have been committed."
Under Crown Prosecution Service guidelines the offence of driving without due care and attention under section three of the Road Traffic Act 1988 is committed when a person's driving "falls below the standard expected of a competent and careful driver".


Thomas Waldrom scored two first-half tries as Exeter leapfrogged Leicester in the table with a bonus-point win over the Tigers at Sandy Park.

His first came from a catch and drive, and the forward put the ball against the base of the post for his second.
Leicester had Graham Kitchener sin-binned for a deliberate knock-on, leading to a penalty try for the hosts.
The visitors improved, Harry Thacker and Jono Kitto going over, but Ollie Devoto claimed a fourth Chiefs try.
The only cloud over a dominant Exeter performance was a shoulder injury to centre Henry Slade, which forced the England international off in the first half.
Waldrom has been the Premiership's leading try-scorer in the past two seasons, and his double against his former club took him to 45 from his last 68 appearances.
Leicester's touchdowns came after a scoreless first half effort, though Richard Cockerill's side had some intense spells of pressure.
Kitto's score came straight from kick-off, exploiting some poor defending, while Devoto crashed through after an inch-perfect pass for arguably the best try of the match.
Exeter Chiefs head coach Rob Baxter told BBC Radio Devon: "I just feel really pleased for the players - the truth is, all they've really done in this last eight week block is sit down and be really honest about things.
"What this season is going to end up like is now back in our hands - once you're in the top four it's for you to decide how the rest of the season goes - it's in our hands now, and that's how I want it to be.
"Let's get excited about the things we want to achieve, we want to achieve a lot - we were in a Premiership final last year and we want to be champions one day."
Leicester Tigers director of rugby Richard Cockerill told BBC Radio Leicester: "It was a little bit frustrating and indisciplined in the first half and we gave away cheap field possession, turning the ball over too easily.
"We came back pretty strongly in the second half and scored a couple, so that was encouraging, but I was disappointed by Thomas Waldrom's (second) try. I thought that he was held up - and they are big moments.
"We've got a player at the bottom of the post and Waldrom is on top of him. The ball is not placed at the bottom of the post, so it's not a try.
"I thought the referee had a really poor game, scrum he was poor, and refereed the two sets of mauls differently."
Exeter: Dollman; Nowell, Devoto, Slade, Woodburn; Steenson (capt), Chudley; Moon, Yeandle, Francis, Lees, Hill, Dennis, Armand, Waldrom.
Replacements: Cowan-Dickie; Rimmer, Holmes, Atkins, Horstmann, Maunder, Hill, Short.
Leicester: Burns; Thompstone, Roberts, Tuilagi, Betham; Williams, Harrison, Genge, McGuigan, Cilliers, Slater (capt), Fitzgerald, Williams, O'Connor, Hamilton.
Replacements: Thacker, Mulipola, Cole, Kitchener, Evans, Kitto, Worth, Brady.
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Norwich City eased to victory over Preston North End at Deepdale on an afternoon that the Canaries' slim Championship play-off hopes were ended.

Fulham's victory over Aston Villa in the early kick-off was enough to put a top-six finish out of Norwich's reach with three games remaining.
Josh Murphy pounced to put Norwich 2-0 up after Graham Dorrans' deflected finish had opened the scoring.
Thomas Spurr pulled one back, only for James Maddison to add a third late on.
Defeat also put Preston out of top-six contention as they fell two points behind Norwich - a side they have failed to finish above in the English football pyramid since the 2009-10 season, when the Canaries won promotion from League One as champions and the Lillywhites finished 17th in the Championship.
Dorrans gave the visitors the advantage with a 25-yard strike that took a slight deflection on its way to beating Preston goalkeeper Chris Maxwell to find the bottom corner.
A flicked pass back from Cameron Jerome allowed Murphy time to pick his spot and double the lead before the break, while Aiden McGeady went closest to hitting back before half-time with powerfully struck shot wide.
Both sides had chances after the break and Spurr gave Preston hope, heading home from Paul Gallagher's free-kick, before the hosts twice threatened to level as John Ruddy foiled Tom Barkhuizen and Paul Huntington headed wide.
Maddison, however, put the result beyond doubt with his first senior goal for the club.
Preston manager Simon Grayson:
"We left ourselves too much to do after the first half. We started well for the first few minutes but after that we were a shadow of ourselves.
"We didn't have any energy about us; we didn't stop the opposition from playing and they have some very talented players.
"Half-time is the angriest I've been for a long time. I said to the players we want to finish the season strongly, and it's a real disappointment because I don't want to finish the season with that kind of performance. Three games to go and we need to do something about it."
Norwich caretaker manager Alan Irvine:
"I thought it was a really good performance but we could even have had more goals in the first half which would have killed the game off.
"Thankfully we got the third goal just before the end.
"I like playing gifted, talented, attacking players. We try to get as many out there as we can without having an unbalanced team. I thought to a man the players did really well today."
Match ends, Preston North End 1, Norwich City 3.
Second Half ends, Preston North End 1, Norwich City 3.
Foul by James Maddison (Norwich City).
Aiden McGeady (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Goal!  Preston North End 1, Norwich City 3. James Maddison (Norwich City) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Steven Naismith with a through ball.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by Chris Maxwell.
Attempt saved. Nélson Oliveira (Norwich City) left footed shot from a difficult angle on the left is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Graham Dorrans.
Foul by Nélson Oliveira (Norwich City).
Andrew Boyle (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Jordan Hugill (Preston North End) right footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Andrew Boyle.
Attempt blocked. Daryl Horgan (Preston North End) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Chris Maxwell.
Corner,  Norwich City. Conceded by Chris Maxwell.
Attempt saved. Jonny Howson (Norwich City) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by James Maddison.
Foul by James Maddison (Norwich City).
Paul Huntington (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Steven Naismith (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Paul Gallagher (Preston North End).
Substitution, Preston North End. Daniel Johnson replaces Callum Robinson.
Josh Murphy (Norwich City) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Josh Murphy (Norwich City).
Daryl Horgan (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Norwich City. James Maddison replaces Alex Pritchard.
Substitution, Norwich City. Nélson Oliveira replaces Cameron Jerome.
Alex Pritchard (Norwich City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Alan Browne (Preston North End).
Attempt missed. Aiden McGeady (Preston North End) right footed shot from the right side of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Callum Robinson.
Josh Murphy (Norwich City) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Daryl Horgan (Preston North End).
Corner,  Preston North End. Conceded by Graham Dorrans.
Foul by Ivo Pinto (Norwich City).
Alan Browne (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Josh Murphy (Norwich City).
Daryl Horgan (Preston North End) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Paul Huntington (Preston North End) header from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Paul Gallagher with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Preston North End. Conceded by Steven Naismith.
Attempt missed. Jordan Hugill (Preston North End) header from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Callum Robinson with a cross.
Hand ball by Alex Pritchard (Norwich City).
Goal!  Preston North End 1, Norwich City 2. Thomas Spurr (Preston North End) header from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Paul Gallagher with a cross following a set piece situation.
Thomas Spurr (Preston North End) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Steven Naismith (Norwich City).


Evidence is emerging of unregulated and probably illegal tuna fishing in Libyan waters during this year's conflict.

Signals recorded from boats' electronic "black boxes" show a large presence inside Libyan waters, a major spawning ground for the endangered bluefin tuna.
Several strands of evidence, including a letter from a former industry source, suggest the involvement of EU boats.
The issue will be aired this week at the annual meeting of Iccat, which regulates tuna fishing in the region.
The European Commission believes any fishing in Libyan waters this year could be judged illegal.
EU Fisheries Commissioner Maria Damanaki told BBC News that she is also investigating whether Italian authorities made bilateral deals with Libya on tuna-fishing, which would contravene EU regulations.
The annual meeting of Iccat - the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas - opens in Istanbul on Friday, preceded by two days of talks within its Compliance Committee, which will begin to assess whether rules have been broken.
After the Libyan civil conflict began in February, Ms Damanaki's office was set to request a suspension of all tuna fishing in Libyan waters, given that the breakdown in governance made regulation difficult.
On 7 April, Libyan authorities, in one of a series of letters obtained by BBC News, told Iccat that because of the "recent and exceptional circumstances" they were going to suspend all tuna fishing in their waters voluntarily.
Three weeks later, Libya sent another letter to Iccat cancelling the suspension, without citing its reasons.
Iccat chairman Fabio Hazin asked Libya to reconsider. It was too late to procure international observers for the vessels, as regulations require, he said; and Iccat members did not have the time needed to discuss and approve Libya's proposed fishing plan.
In response to further correspondence, Dr Hazin and Compliance Committee chairman Christopher Rogers told Libyan official Nuredin Esarbout that "fishing by the Libyan fleet... in 2011 might be in contravention" of Iccat rules.
Ms Damanaki further warned that any catches would be "well on track to be deemed illegal".
She asked EU member states to "monitor the activities of your national operators" to make sure they were not catching or trading potentially illegal fish.
She also warned that she stood ready to use recently adopted EU rules on illegal fishing against anyone involved in such activities.
Under Iccat rules, all purse seine boats - the type most common in bluefin operations - have to be equipped with a Vessel Monitoring System (VMS), an electronic gadget that transmits information including the boat's location every six hours.
The statistical report prepared for the forthcoming meeting - also obtained by BBC News - includes a map showing the number of VMS signals received from various locations in the Mediterranean during the 2011 fishing season.
The biggest bursts of activity are in the spawning grounds where bluefin gather in the early summer; and this includes the waters off the Libyan coast.
This map does not show which vessels were operating there, although Iccat is believed to have this information.
According to environmental groups that monitor tuna-fishing ports, vessels authorised to fish in Libyan waters did not do so, remaining in French and Maltese ports all season.
If that is correct, it implies that boats from other Iccat member states were operating there, which would be illegal.
As well as the area extending 12 nautical miles off the coast which is the Mediterranean standard for territorial waters, Libya claims the whole of the Gulf of Sirte covering 57,000 sq km (22,000 sq miles) and a further "exclusive fishing zone" extending 62 nautical miles into the Med.
It is one of six main spawning grounds that purse seine vessels target. The nets are drawn around the roiling shoals like a basket, and the fish are subsequently transferred to cages that are slowly towed to "ranches" or "farms" for fattening before death and sale.
A letter recently sent to WWF and Greenpeace - which work closely together on the bluefin issue - by an experienced hand in the bluefin tuna fishery says illegal operations have been rife in the southern part of the Mediterranean for years.
At different times, he says, operators based in Spain, France, Malta and Italy have been involved.
In 2010, Italy voluntarily closed tuna fishing in its own waters. But, the informant writes, Italian fishermen were transported to Libya by means that evaded border controls, and fished there instead.
He also accuses EU fleets of using planes to spot aggregations of spawning tuna, which has been banned since 2006; catching undersized fish; and operating with such little regard for bad weather that entire hauls of fish ended up dead in the water.
"Would you like to know where all these dead fish are? They are on the sea floor!", he writes.
Government inspectors, he says, "can be bought for a cigarette packet".
The letter has been forwarded to Iccat.
Although reports from fisheries academics and environment groups have regularly condemned aspects of the Mediterranean bluefin industry down the years, first-hand reports from people this close to the industry are rare, partly because of intimidation.
But, the source says, he is moved to "repentance" because of the "incredible things" he has seen.
His letter is very specific, naming companies, locations, activities, time periods and catch sizes.
How closely the source's claims are related to the European Commission investigation of possible bilateral deals between Italy and Libya is not clear, as Ms Damanaki preferred not to elaborate on the nature of that investigation.
From an ecological point of view, a plunder in Libyan waters would be disturbing.
The northern bluefin was classified as endangered on the internationally accepted Red List earlier this year.
Environment groups are urging Iccat and the EU to act swiftly.
"The real plundering of the bluefin tuna population in Libyan waters by local and foreign fleets makes a strong case for a ban of the fishery in those waters from 2012," said Sergi Tudela, head of WWF's Mediterranean fisheries operation.
"Actually, this area must be turned into a bluefin tuna sanctuary protecting one of the most important breeding grounds for this iconic species," he told BBC News.
WWF and the other environment groups involved in the issue continue to warn that the basic problem across the region is over-capacity - there are simply too many boats that need to exceed their catch quotas in order to turn a profit.
Last month, a report from the Pew Environment Group calculated that 140% more bluefin flesh entered the market from the Mediterranean than was declared by fishing boat skippers.
"Fifteen years after tuna farming started in the Mediterranean, it's still impossible to know the biomass of tuna originally caged in every farm, which prevents achieving traceability in this fishery," said Dr Tudela.
"The moment has come for Iccat Parties to ban tuna farming."
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Traders in a rural Welsh town have been delving into how international big business exploits tax loopholes - in a bid to cut their own bills.

Shopkeepers in Crickhowell, Powys, say they have been on a "journey of discovery", investigating how to register themselves overseas.
The tax "experiment" will be screened on BBC Two next year - following the business owners to the Isle of Man.
UK tax officials said new rules will tackle abuses by international firms.
But in the BBC documentary, the owners of a smokery, book shop, an optician, bakery, and an outdoor adventure clothing shop, came together to find out how they could learn the tricks of business giants such as Starbucks, which was recently told it must pay back millions of pounds after European tax breaks were ruled illegal.
Jo Carthew, who runs a coffee shop in the town, said: "Until now, these complicated offshore tricks have only been open to big companies who can afford the lawyers' fees.
"But we've put our heads together, and worked out a way to mimic these big tax dodgers. It's jolly clever."
In addition to looking at how companies register themselves in places such the Isle of Man, the traders also visited Amsterdam in the Netherlands.
Irena Kolaleva, an optician in Crickhowell, told BBC Radio Wales' Jason Mohammad: "We started the journey to find out how it works. Now we've got a moral obligation.
"We want to bring attention to the problem. It is very simple. If a company is based in this country and employs people in this country, who pay their tax - normal people their tax - why do they use legal loopholes paying their tax abroad?"
She said this was not about fighting tax and revenue officials - rather about creating a level-playing field for business in the UK - small and large.
In a statement, an official HM Revenue and Customs said: "HMRC enforces the tax rules fairly across the board irrespective of the size or structure of the business, and we are always happy to give advice and support to taxpayers who want to play by the rules.
"The government is clear that multinationals must pay their fair share of tax so it has introduced new legislation to prevent multinationals from diverting their UK profits from the UK tax system and has invested additional funding in HMRC to tackle abuse by multinationals."


Chris Coleman said Wales may have been guilty of complacency after qualifying for Euro 2016 - but insists that will not undermine their preparations.

Wales have one win in their past seven matches after losing 3-0 to Sweden.
However, their manager is confident they will be ready for their Euro 2016 opener. against Slovakia on 11 June.
"We get a bit of success, a bit of expectation, sometimes a little bit of complacency and that can give you a little slap in the face," he said.
"Maybe that's what's happened to us, certainly today. We go into this round of three games where, actually, we are the underdogs.
"It doesn't mean we can't produce something special, because we're capable of it."
Wales' game against Slovakia in Bordeaux is their first match at a major finals for 58 years.
Media playback is not supported on this device
A Wales side without Joe Allen, Joe Ledley and Hal Robson-Kanu - and with the pivotal Gareth Bale making only a second-half substitute appearance - were soundly beaten in Stockholm.
"We were a little bit naive, which would be my criticism today," said Coleman.
"Normally we do a lot to work on being a bit more streetwise on the pitch, like Sweden were.
"We saw how many times they fouled us on the counter-attack to break it up. There's nothing wrong with that - that's international football.
"I'd rather that today than me sitting here next week complaining about the same problem."
Despite the manner of the defeat, Coleman refused to be downbeat as Wales embark on their first major tournament since the 1958 World Cup.
They have been drawn alongside Slovakia, England and Russia in Group B, and Coleman was eager for his players to pick themselves up before Sunday's flight to their French training base in Dinard.
"The boys are disappointed because they know they can play a bit better than they did in certain areas," he added.
"In saying that we've got a huge week in front of us. And I'm very positive.
"We know what's coming. We know it's going to be a huge test and this is not the time for us to pull apart this particular performance - it's the time for us to remember what we've done over the past two years and remember our strengths and our qualities.
"And remember that when we're 100% at it and we mean it, then we're a good team. We'll pick the boys up."
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Oxford United ended Rochdale's run of 10 straight league wins at home with an emphatic 4-0 victory.

Oxford took the lead after 18 minutes, with Marvin Johnson's shot from the left-hand side of the box taking a slight deflection on its way post Rochdale goalkeeper Conrad Logan.
The visitors doubled their lead on 29 minutes when Johnson turned provider, superbly backheeling the ball into the path of Rob Hall, who tapped in from close range.
Rochdale were lively at the start of the second half with Ian Henderson threatening, but they were then forced to defend once again when Jimmy McNulty's attempted backpass bobbled over the foot of Logan and behind.
Oxford took full advantage of the gifted opportunity, as the resulting corner from Hall was turned home by Ryan Taylor on 53 minutes.
Logan's afternoon was soon made worse when his poor free-kick went straight to Ryan Ledson, who lobbed into an empty net from around 40 yards out to grab Oxford's final goal on 73 minutes.
Report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Rochdale 0, Oxford United 4.
Second Half ends, Rochdale 0, Oxford United 4.
Attempt missed. Kane Hemmings (Oxford United) left footed shot from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Foul by Callum Camps (Rochdale).
Joe Rothwell (Oxford United) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Ian Henderson (Rochdale).
Chris Maguire (Oxford United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt missed. Cheyenne Dunkley (Oxford United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is just a bit too high following a corner.
Corner,  Oxford United. Conceded by Niall Canavan.
Attempt missed. Kane Hemmings (Oxford United) right footed shot from the right side of the six yard box is close, but misses to the right.
Attempt saved. Marvin Johnson (Oxford United) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Substitution, Oxford United. Joe Rothwell replaces John Lundstram.
Corner,  Oxford United. Conceded by Harrison McGahey.
Substitution, Oxford United. Kane Hemmings replaces Ryan Taylor.
Substitution, Oxford United. Liam Sercombe replaces Robert Hall.
Goal!  Rochdale 0, Oxford United 4. Ryan Ledson (Oxford United) right footed shot from outside the box to the centre of the goal.
Hand ball by Robert Hall (Oxford United).
Ian Henderson (Rochdale) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Chris Maguire (Oxford United).
Corner,  Oxford United. Conceded by Conrad Logan.
Attempt saved. Ryan Taylor (Oxford United) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Corner,  Oxford United. Conceded by Jamie Allen.
Attempt saved. Peter Vincenti (Rochdale) header from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom right corner.
Foul by Peter Vincenti (Rochdale).
Philip Edwards (Oxford United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Substitution, Rochdale. Niall Canavan replaces Jimmy McNulty because of an injury.
Delay over. They are ready to continue.
Delay in match Jimmy McNulty (Rochdale) because of an injury.
Harrison McGahey (Rochdale) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Ryan Ledson (Oxford United).
Goal!  Rochdale 0, Oxford United 3. Ryan Taylor (Oxford United) left footed shot from very close range to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Robert Hall following a corner.
Corner,  Oxford United. Conceded by Jimmy McNulty.
Corner,  Rochdale. Conceded by Curtis Nelson.
Attempt missed. Ian Henderson (Rochdale) left footed shot from the centre of the box is too high.
Corner,  Rochdale. Conceded by Cheyenne Dunkley.
Attempt missed. Ian Henderson (Rochdale) right footed shot from the centre of the box is just a bit too high.
Attempt missed. Curtis Nelson (Oxford United) left footed shot from the left side of the six yard box is close, but misses to the left.
Corner,  Oxford United. Conceded by Harrison McGahey.
Second Half begins Rochdale 0, Oxford United 2.


The prime minister has announced that he will go to Aberdeen on Thursday to set out what more can be done to help the oil and gas industry.

David Cameron told MPs that the industry was facing significant problems, and said his government was determined to help.
A special Scottish government cabinet meeting was held on Tuesday to discuss the state of the industry.
First Minister Nicola Sturgeon has called for a cut in North Sea taxes.
Mr Cameron told the House of Commons that he was "determined we build a bridge to the future for all those involved in the North Sea".
He added: "The oil price decline is the longest in 20 years and nearly the steepest and this causes real difficulties for the North Sea and we can see the effects in the east of England, across Scotland - particularly in Aberdeen - and in other parts of our country too.
"We discussed this at cabinet yesterday. I'm determined we build a bridge to the future for all those involved in the North Sea.
"We're going to help the sector export its world-class expertise. We're going to help the economies diversify. We've announced Â£1.3bn of support last year for the North Sea. We're implementing the Wood review.
"I'll be going to Aberdeen tomorrow where we'll be saying more about what we can do to help this vital industry at this vital time."
The cost of a barrel of Brent crude oil has fallen from more than $100 in January 2014 to less than $30 in January of this year.
Following its meeting on Tuesday, the Scottish government said it was to ask Chancellor George Osborne to ease the "tax burden" on the North Sea oil industry in his March budget.
Ministers also agreed that they would lobby to "remove barriers to exploration" and back reskilling.
The Secretary of State for Scotland, David Mundell, will also be in Aberdeen on Thursday as part of a drive to forge a new trading partnership between Aberdeen and the Mozambique town of Pemba.
Mr Mundell is to visit Pemba next month. The area is said to have "huge reserves of offshore natural gas", and already has a formal memorandum of understanding with Aberdeen.
The minister said: "Mozambique can learn a huge amount from Aberdeen's oil and gas hub model, and its associated experience and expertise.
"At the same time, Scottish companies will be able to bid for new work and contracts out in Mozambique. Our oil and gas sector has huge expertise to share.
"This deal will also bring fantastic opportunities for British companies working in the Scottish oil and gas sector to win new contracts supporting Pemba's growing offshore industry."
The Pemba initiative has been driven by Aberdeen City Council.


Works by artists including Tracey Emin and Gilbert & George have been donated to Manchester's Whitworth art gallery.

Art dealers Ivor Braka and Thomas Dane have donated six works, saying they want to encourage more philanthropists to support regional galleries.
Mr Braka said contemporary art collections outside London were not up to the standard found in US cities.
British galleries - often "tired" and lacking the funds and ambition to match the US - also need to improve, he said.
The Whitworth, though, reopened earlier this year after a Â£15m redevelopment, leading it to be crowned museum of the year by The Art Fund and be shortlisted for the UK's top architecture award, the Stirling Prize.
The donation includes a large-scale blanket made by Tracey Emin and a series of posters created by Gilbert & George using newspaper headlines about racial tension.
Those two works were given by Manchester-born, London-based Mr Braka, who is known as a leading dealer of art created by Francis Bacon, Lucian Freud and Frank Auerbach.
Thomas Dane, who runs an eponymous gallery in St James's, London, has donated works by former Turner Prize nominees Anya Gallaccio and Rebecca Warren, as well as Michael Landy and Paul Graham.
Mr Braka said galleries in British cities had their heydays after being established by 19th Century philanthropists.
"They left a marvellous legacy both in building these museums and in terms of their collections," he said. "But there's been relatively very little in terms of contemporary art.
"In America, pretty much every major city - Detroit, St Louis, Chicago, Dallas, Forth Worth, Houston, LA, San Francisco, Seattle - they all have museums which could virtually be national museums in terms of their scope and their quality.
"This situation just doesn't happen in England and there are very few museums that have got the ambition to emulate that sort of level of excellence."
Donors will only have confidence to give to galleries if their buildings are up to scratch, he said. "Coming from Manchester, I knew that one day I always wanted to do something for Manchester.
"I didn't want to give until I was secure that the gift would be well looked after, and I didn't feel that the Whitworth in its old guise was a place would have necessarily given to.
"But having seen the new development and specifically its storage facility, you know that what you give to them is going to be well looked after. You'd be confident that in 200 years time it will be in good condition.
"And the gallery space is magnificent at the Whitworth - it's no accident that it won museum of the year."
There has not traditionally been the same culture of giving among wealthy individuals in the UK as there is in the US, Mr Braka added.
"There is a lot of money out there in Manchester - a lot of inherited wealth and self-made entrepreneurs, and you've got Manchester City and Manchester United footballers as well.
"I don't know whether they need to come to the museum or maybe there's just not been enough outreach in England to try and target people to take an interest ion the visual cultural life."
Mr Braka also praised Whitworth director Maria Balshaw, who said: "We are thrilled by this important gift.
"Acquiring major works by contemporary artists is perhaps the biggest challenge facing UK public collections today and it is where collectors can offer the greatest help to galleries."


Three teenagers have been jailed for stabbing a young rapper to death in a fight over a stolen bicycle in south-east London.

Myron Yarde, 17, who was also known as Mdot, was attacked in New Cross on 3 April 2016.
Fauz Richards, 19, Lucus Risch, 16, and Junior Lukelo-Mami 16, were acquitted of murder but found guilty of manslaughter at the Old Bailey.
They were all given jail sentences.
Myron was stabbed five times in the leg as a form of "punishment stabbing", intended to teach the victim a lesson by maiming, rather than killing him, Judge Nicholas Cooke said.
During the attack, his femoral artery was slashed, leading to massive bleeding.
Myron collapsed at the scene in Camplin Street and was later pronounced dead at hospital, the court heard.
Richards, 19, known as Mags or Maggie, who admitted stabbing Mr Yarde four times, was sentenced to 13 years.
Lukelo-Mami, who told jurors he dealt the victim the fatal blow, was jailed for 12 years. Risch was also jailed for 12 years.
The court heard Myron had lent his bike to 16-year-old Leoandro Osemeke, another promising rapper who was known as Showkey.
He would have been a witness at the trial but he too was fatally stabbed in an unrelated attack at a party in Peckham, south-east London, in August.
The court heard he had ridden the bike to buy pizza in the rival Monson neighbourhood where it was snatched.
When Myron - who was said to have been armed with a machete - went to get it back, he was attacked in Camplin Street after being cornered.
A court order had been in place to protect the identities of Risch and Lukelo-Mami due to their age, but Judge Cooke lifted restrictions in the hope he could "facilitate an informed debate" about gang violence.


A trainee Catholic nun has pleaded guilty to killing her newborn infant in a convent in Washington DC in October.

Sosefina Amoa, 26, accepted a plea agreement for voluntary manslaughter, punishable by up to 30 years in prison.
A prosecutor has said she will seek a four to 10-year prison term.
A lawyer for Amoa said the Samoan woman smothered the infant in her room at the Little Sisters of the Poor convent but did so out of panic and shock after a difficult delivery.
She put her hand over the infant's mouth to "quiet the baby so she could figure out what she was going to do", lawyer Judith Pipe said.
Amoa is said to have arrived in the US from Samoa on 5 October 2013 to begin a five-month programme to become a member of the convent.
She gave birth to son Joseph in her room on 10 October.
Prosecutor Cynthia Wright told the Washington court Amoa was standing when the infant was born and that he fell, hitting the floor before he was smothered.
Amoa later cleaned her room and showed the infant to a sister at the convent the following day, saying she had found the child outside.
The unnamed nun allegedly found the child cold and not breathing and took the body in a bag to a local hospital along with Amoa, court documents said.


Police have launched an attempted murder inquiry after a man was shot at his home in Glasgow.

The 32-year-old victim was attacked at his flat in Keal Avenue, Knightswood, in the west of the city, at about 01:30 on Monday.
He was taken to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital where his condition was described as serious but stable.
Police Scotland said inquiries were continuing to establish the circumstances surrounding the incident.
A police spokeswoman said: "Around 01:30 on Monday police were called to a report of a 32-year-old man having been injured within a flat in Keal Avenue, Knightswood.
"Emergency services attended and the man was taken by ambulance to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital where his condition is described as serious but stable.
"Inquiries are continuing to establish the full circumstances surrounding the incident."


A lorry driver who fell asleep at the wheel has been found guilty of causing two deaths in a crash on the M11.

Roger Sharratt, 52, of Bagots Oak in Staffordshire, had denied two counts of causing death by dangerous driving in May 2014.
Geoffrey Mills, 53, and Eleanor Joy Mills, 45, were killed in the collision, which happened near Harlow.
Sharratt, who was found guilty by a jury at Chelmsford Crown Court, will be sentenced on 2 June.
Police said Sharratt was driving a Man rigid lorry and drawbar goods vehicle northbound along the M11 when he went into the back of a black Jaguar XF car.
The Jaguar then collided with a silver Toyota Auris, pushing it under the back of a horsebox containing five horses from trainer Brian Meehan's stables.
The Toyota, carrying Geoffrey Mills and Eleanor Joy Mills, burst into flames and further collided with a white Vauxhall.
Police said Sharratt was driving at 55mph using cruise control and failed to react to the slowing traffic as he was likely to have been asleep.
Sharratt had only slept for three to four hours the night before the collision.
Det Insp Scott Egerton said: "Although this has been a complex case involving medical experts, Mr Sharratt drove dangerously.
"He was in charge of a heavy good vehicle and fell asleep.
"This case must serve as a warning to all drivers of the need to rest and take breaks when driving long distances.
"Mr Sharratt failed to do this and caused the most serious of crashes."


Walsall eased their relegation concerns with their best win of the season at home to League One strugglers Crawley.

Jordy Hiwula fired past Brian Jensen to open the scoring before doubling the lead with a curling second-half strike.
Kieron Morris powered in a third for the home side two minutes later, then defender Andy Taylor's shot was deflected past Jensen for the fourth.
Substitute Jordan Cook slotted in a fifth in stoppage time as Crawley dropped into the relegation zone.
Walsall's second home win in four days lifts them seven points above the final relegation spot with four games to play.
Walsall manager Dean Smith told BBC WM 95.6:
"It was an excellent performance from start to finish. Everyone involved can be pleased with their contribution. And we've scored five goals without Tom Bradshaw getting on the scoresheet.
"To score five goals at home will have put smiles on the faces of the supporters and there were some good finishes amongst them too.
"I don't know how it was only 1-0 at half-time such was our dominance, but justice has been done as we deserved to win at their place earlier in the season and came away with nothing."
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Crawley Town boss Dean Saunders told BBC Surrey:
"We are obviously disappointed and it looks like an absolute pasting but they've scored four unbelievable strikes, three of them were amazing. The defence I put out tonight, three fullbacks and Sonny Bradley and that's what's killed us really, they were just better then us."
"I've had to change the shape of the team twice to try and stem the flow and we gradually got back into the game but really we've got a left back whose never played left back for us before. I've got Lewis Young playing at right-back whose a midfielder and I've got Lanre Oyebanjo playing centre back. We are struggling for defenders."
"I'm hoping Darren Ward is going to be fit for the weekend but we've lost Richard Wood and Dean Leacock as well. We've lost four centre halves in three months and it's caught up with us."


A prominent Libyan human rights lawyer and activist has been assassinated in her home in Benghazi.

Armed men fought their way into the house of Salwa Bughaighis before shooting her.
Ms Bughaighis was an outspoken critic of many of the armed groups, which still control much of Libya.
Her husband Issam has disappeared, and relatives believe he has been kidnapped.
The killing is the latest in a string of attacks on politicians, activists and journalists who have spoken out against the actions of certain militias.
Ms Bughaighis was killed hours after she had cast her vote in Libya's parliamentary elections.
A medical source at a Benghazi hospital confirmed she died of a gunshot wound to the head.
An eyewitness has said she was attacked by five armed men, four of whom were masked.
Analysis: Rana Jawad, BBC News, Tripoli
It is not just Salwa Bughaighis' family and friends who are mourning her but many across Libya.
In 2011, in the early days of the uprising against Col Gaddafi, she was one of the few who kept me up-to-date on the deadly crackdown on protestors.
She and other lawyers and activists braved the streets to protest against the heavy-handed response. She was most recently heavily involved in moves to set up a National Dialogue to discuss Libya's many problems.
As a civil and woman's rights activist, she would not mince her words - often speaking bluntly about the dangers posed by Islamist groups and the failures since Gaddafi was ousted. As a lawyer, she frequently spoke of the urgent need for the rule of law.
Those who knew her and worked with her have also been reflecting on the wider context of Benghazi's continuous killings that have so far gone unpunished. One tribute reads: "What now? Does she become just another poster to carry? Another name lost? Another death that we owe a debt to?"
She gave a live TV interview just a couple of hours before being killed.
The BBC's Rana Jawad in Tripoli says there was a battle raging outside and the crackle of gunfire could be heard during the interview. Despite this, Ms Bughaighis was urging Benghazi residents to go out and vote.
She had also been a strong critic of Muammar Gaddafi and joined some of the first protests against him in 2011.
She later became an adviser to Libya's National Transitional Council which governed the country during and directly after the uprising. She leaves behind three sons.
The US Ambassador to Libya Deborah Jones said the killing was "heartbreaking".
She described the killing as a "cowardly, despicable, shameful act against a courageous woman and true Libyan patriot".
Earlier this week a candidate standing in parliamentary elections in the southern city of Sabha was assassinated, local media reported.
Libya has suffered from instability and violence since the downfall of Gaddafi in 2011.
The government has struggled to disarm the various armed groups that remained from the war.


The father of a Cardiff man thought to be pictured in a video showing the beheading of Syrian soldiers has denied it is his son.

Ahmed Muthana, said 20-year-old Nasser Muthana was not among the 16 jihadists in the Islamic State video.
Mr Muthana, of Butetown, Cardiff, said he had not seen the footage, but was able to confirm it was not his son from images he had seen.
The video announced the murder of US aid worker Abdul-Rahman Kassig.
The Daily Mail reported that Muthana was in the video and quoted his father as saying: "It looks like my son".
But when he was shown the pictures by a BBC reporter on Monday, Mr Muthana said: "It doesn't look like him, much difference.
"This one's got a big nose, my one has a flat nose."
Mr Muthana said he would not welcome his son back into his home if he returned to Cardiff.
But he would not comment when asked what he thought of his son's alleged actions.
The man who was believed to be Muthana is standing to the right of a Briton thought to be "Jihadi John", who is dressed in black with a balaclava, while the rest of the militants wear army fatigues.
Western intelligence officials are trying to identify those seen in the video.
Assistant Chief Constable Richard Lewis from South Wales Police said reports "regarding the involvement of Cardiff individuals in a mass execution in Syria" were being investigated, and details had been passed to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
He added: "Cardiff has a strong and peaceful Islamic community which has long distanced itself from the extremist views reported."
Muthana, an aspiring Cardiff medical student, 20, came to the attention of the world in June when he appeared in a propaganda video by the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham [Isis] urging others to join him.
He was seen alongside another man from Cardiff and a man from Aberdeen.
Mr Muthana's other son Aseel is also thought to be in Syria and has previously said in a BBC interview he had no intention of returning to the UK.


Levels of violence at a jail once branded "dirty and dangerous" are still "far too high", the watchdog has said.

There were 49 fights, 47 assaults on staff and 159 assaults on inmates in a six-month period at HMP Hewell near Redditch, HM Inspectorate of Prisons said.
Inspectors also found overcrowded cells, broken toilets, and said drug availability was "high".
However, it described the open section of the jail as "successful".
HMP Hewell, near Redditch, has a closed jail holding more than 1,000 adult male prisoners and an open facility with 200 inmates.
Referring to the closed site, the report found "very poor" conditions in its segregation unit.
But National Offender Management Service chief executive Michael Spurr said: "I'm pleased that the chief inspector has acknowledged the progress at Hewell which is to the credit of the former governor, his deputy and their team.
"There remains more to do, particularly on safety, but the strong foundations that are now in place will allow the prison to address the recommendations in this report and drive further improvement over the coming months."
Inspectors said they discovered broken toilets and sinks, and damaged flooring.
"We found one cell with live bare wires protruding from the wall and a broken toilet that was leaking so badly that the occupant felt forced to urinate in paper cups," they said.
159
Assaults on prisoners in 6 months
47
Assaults on staff
1,074 Inmates in the closed prison
204 Inmates in the open prison
2013 - Branded "dirty and dangerous". Levels of violence found to be far higher than at similar prisons
2014 - Incidents of self-harm and bullying found to be high
2015 - The prison's Independent Monitoring Board finds an increase in violence and drug use
Four prisoners had taken their own lives since the last inspection in 2014, and levels of self-harm among inmates had increased.
The site was praised in areas, including "reasonably good" staff-prisoner relationships, and inspectors said the management team was "focused and committed" at the time of the announced inspection last August and September.
Chief Inspector of Prisons Peter Clarke said improvements were found in many areas, and there were examples of good practice.
"Nevertheless, very big challenges - operationally, managerially and in terms of resources - were still to be addressed and outcomes for too many prisoners on the closed site were very poor," he said.
Andrew Neilson of the Howard League for Penal Reform, said it was "alarming" that recommendations made since the last inspection, which recorded one murder and six suicides, had not "been implemented with sufficient rigour".
"No one should be so desperate while in the care of the state that they take their own life," he said.
He said the report was the latest in a long line that made clear the need for "urgent reform" of the prison system.


A study has found that reopening three disused railway stations in Dumfries and Galloway could cost up to £37m.

The report commissioned by the South West Scotland Transport Partnership (SWESTRANS) looked at Eastriggs, Thornhill and Beattock.
An early assessment of the potential costs involved has been carried out as part of an appraisal process.
The study - which is also examining service timetabling issues - is due to be completed in March.
The findings will be used to determine whether a bid is made to tap into the £30m put in place by the Scottish government to help finance new stations, reopenings and improvements.
However, the report to members of the SWESTRANS board highlighted that half the overall costs would still have to be found locally.


Burnley progressed to the FA Cup fourth round as goals from Sam Vokes and Andre Gray proved enough against a dispirited Sunderland at Turf Moor.

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A drab first half ended in a rare moment of quality as Vokes got across Jason Denayer to head Tendayi Darikwa's excellent cross into the far corner.
Sunderland created little in response before substitute Gray made sure of the result late on with a low strike.
In round four, Burnley are at home to Bristol City, who won at Fleetwood.
Follow all the reaction from Tuesday's FA Cup ties
Despite making seven changes from the side who beat Southampton in the Premier League at the weekend, the hosts seemed more interested in extending their FA Cup run in the early stages.
George Boyd and Joey Barton forced Sunderland's Vito Mannone into two fine saves in quick succession, before Boyd saw a powerful left-footed drive tipped narrowly over by the Italian keeper moments later.
Midfielder Steven Defour was central to everything Sean Dyche's side tried in attack, as well as providing plenty of cover to the back four - albeit against a blunted Sunderland attack.
Although Vokes' goal just before the interval seemed more than enough to see off Sunderland, the hosts did not settle, sending on Gray inside the final 15 minutes.
Having tormented the Black Cats here with a rapid hat-trick in a 4-1 hammering on New Year's Eve, Gray was a handful once again, collecting Vokes' knock down from a long-ball forward and easily rolling Papy Djilobodji to shoot under Mannone on 83 minutes.
With Burnley sitting 10th in the Premier League, 10 points clear of the relegation zone, and with Championship side Bristol City arriving on 28 January, the Clarets may sense a great opportunity to go beyond their fourth-round defeat by Arsenal last season.
Tottenham and Chelsea have shown their fellow Premier League sides how to play with three at the back this season, but Sunderland's interpretation of that formation was severely lacking at Turf Moor.
A central back three of Denayer, Djilobodji and Billy Jones looked unnecessary at times with Burnley only playing Vokes up front, yet they failed to deal with his threat when it mattered most.
The Wales striker easily got in front of his marker Denayer to score the opening goal - his fine glancing header into the far corner a fitting finish to right-back Darikwa's brilliant curling delivery.
Elsewhere, Sunderland's five-man midfield successfully swamped Barton and Defour at times but with the main effect of just cancelling out their opponents instead of threatening Nick Pope in the Burnley goal.
Sebastian Larsson came closest for the visitors, firstly with a curling lob from 25 yards out just after the interval nearly creeping in over a stranded Pope, before the Burnley keeper made a fine diving save to deny the Swedish midfielder in injury time.
Striker Jermain Defoe could not fashion a chance in the half-hour run out he was afforded, with Sunderland's thoughts seemingly very much focused on Premier League survival.
Match ends, Burnley 2, Sunderland 0.
Second Half ends, Burnley 2, Sunderland 0.
Corner,  Sunderland. Conceded by Nick Pope.
Attempt saved. Sebastian Larsson (Sunderland) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top right corner.
Joey Barton (Burnley) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Joey Barton (Burnley).
Patrick van Aanholt (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Substitution, Burnley. Aiden O'Neill replaces George Boyd.
Foul by Andre Gray (Burnley).
Papy Djilobodji (Sunderland) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Jon Flanagan (Burnley).
Adnan Januzaj (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt saved. George Honeyman (Sunderland) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Goal!  Burnley 2, Sunderland 0. Andre Gray (Burnley) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Sam Vokes.
Attempt missed. Andre Gray (Burnley) header from very close range is just a bit too high.
Substitution, Sunderland. Joel Asoro replaces Fabio Borini.
Steven Defour (Burnley) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Steven Defour (Burnley).
Javier Manquillo (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Substitution, Burnley. Andre Gray replaces Michael Kightly.
Attempt missed. Michael Kightly (Burnley) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
Hand ball by Michael Keane (Burnley).
Jeff Hendrick (Burnley) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Billy Jones (Sunderland).
Foul by Joey Barton (Burnley).
Javier Manquillo (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Tendayi Darikwa (Burnley) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Patrick van Aanholt (Sunderland).
Substitution, Sunderland. Jermain Defoe replaces Donald Love.
Attempt missed. Joey Barton (Burnley) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the left from a direct free kick.
Jon Flanagan (Burnley) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Jason Denayer (Sunderland).
Javier Manquillo (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Joey Barton (Burnley).
Attempt saved. George Boyd (Burnley) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner.
Joey Barton (Burnley) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Donald Love (Sunderland).
Foul by Joey Barton (Burnley).
Sebastian Larsson (Sunderland) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Corner,  Burnley. Conceded by Papy Djilobodji.


A businessman from south Wales has been arrested in Kenya after a woman died at his house from gunshot wounds.

Richard Alden, 53, from Cowbridge, Vale of Glamorgan, was detained on Saturday when Grace Kinyanjui, 42, died after a gun she was holding apparently went off accidentally, according to his lawyer.
Mr Alden took Ms Kinyanjui to hospital but she was pronounced dead on arrival.
He is being held until Friday while police carry out a murder investigation.
His lawyer Evans Monari said: "From what I hear, she was taking pictures, 'selfies', with a gun and it went off."
He added the incident involved a pistol and that it went off while Ms Kinyanjui was at Mr Alden's house in the Karen district of Nairobi helping him move.
"Richard says he is not responsible," Mr Monari said. "The girl shot herself by accident."
Police launched a murder inquiry after doctors reportedly found Ms Kinyanjui had suffered stab wounds and a broken finger and thumb.
Police have alleged Mr Alden and Ms Kinyanjui, who ran a security firm, were in a relationship. Mr Alden lives in Nairobi with his wife Martine and has three adult children.
Mrs Alden, who was away at the weekend, flew in from London to attend the hearing.
In court, Mr Monari told the judge: "The respondent is very disturbed by what happened because the person who lost her life is a friend.
"She actually shot herself. There is no evidence to date that the accused played any part in what happened."
No charges have been filed in the case.
The results of a post-mortem examination and ballistic tests are expected to be announced in court on Friday.


Libya's two rival parliaments have reached an initial agreement aimed at resolving the political crisis that has plagued the country for years.

The deal, agreed at talks in Tunis, is intended to lead to a single government and elections within two years.
It needs to be endorsed by both the internationally recognised parliament in eastern Libya and the Tripoli-based General National Congress (GNC).
The agreement is separate from UN efforts at mediation in Libya.
The United Nations special envoy to Libya, Martin Kobler, called it a very good basis for going forward.
In October, the UN submitted its own blueprint for a deal leading to a unified government, but neither side has endorsed it.
The UN is due to host peace talks between the two factions next week in Rome.
Libya has been unstable since long-serving strongman Muammar Gaddafi was toppled in October 2011, with militias ruling various parts of the country.
"This is a historic moment the Libyans were waiting for," Awad Mohammed Abdul-Sadiq, the first deputy head of the GNC, said after the deal was signed on Sunday.
"If this solution receives real Libyan support - from the people and institutions - we will surely arrive in no more than two weeks or a month to a solution to solve the political crisis," he told reporters.
Under the "declaration of principles" agreed in Tunis, the two sides would set up a committee to nominate a prime minister pending elections, while another panel would review the constitution.
The GNC is supported by a loose alliance of armed groups, including Islamists, that seized the capital in August 2014.
This forced the existing, internationally recognised government to flee to the eastern city of Tobruk.


Drive down a lane outside Omagh in County Tyrone and you will come to Strathroy House, a family home where the land stretches out in a long field inside a tight turn of the River Strule.

Cattle graze peacefully on the 40 acres for most of the year, but in the winter the land is wet and prone to flooding.
Few people passing have any idea that almost a century ago, for just a few months, the area echoed to the sounds of rudimentary aero engines and bustle of a busy Royal Air Force (RAF) airfield.
In 1918, the year of the Armistice and the end of World War One, Strathroy became the home of 105 Squadron, RAF.
They flew RE8 reconnaissance aircraft, biplanes, in which they patrolled across vast areas of Ireland.
Among the pilots was Capt George Bowen, who made his first test flight there on 19 May 1918, lasting 45 minutes.
A day later his log book records that he flew over "Omagh, Derry, Aldergrove, Dungannon" on what he called a "NE Patrol".
Many more patrols followed, taking him and his colleagues over most of the island.
The cover story was that the squadron was looking for German U-boat activity along the Irish coast.
But new research by the aviation historian Guy Warner has uncovered the real reason for their wide-ranging patrols over inland areas.
"The Irish Volunteers and Sinn Féin had seen an upsurge in their activity following the conscription crisis of 1918," he said.
"The Lord Lieutenant, Field Marshall French asked for a couple of RAF squadrons for reconnaissance duties, and also to harass Sinn Féin rallies by flying low over them."
It is unclear how effective these tactics were in the north of Ireland at that time.
When they were not flying it is clear that the officers and aircrew enjoyed quite a busy social life with local families.
There were group photographs during an open day and even an egg-and-spoon race for local ladies.
One shot shows a group of officers including the squadron commander Maj DG Joy with the Scott family, posing outside Strathroy House.
In another shot, Maj Joy is looking rather bemused as he sits on the back of a donkey.
The Omagh historian and author Dr Haldane Mitchell has researched the airfield for some years, and believes few locals would have known about the airfield but for a tragedy just after Armistice Day.
On 13 November 1918, two aircraft collided a few miles south of the town, and crashed to the ground killing two pilots and an observer, and badly injuring another passenger.
One of the pilots, a Canadian lieutenant called Lawrence Booth, was buried in Omagh with full military honours.
His grave can still be visited in the town's Dublin Road cemetery.
"I'm convinced that it was only the accident that brought the fact to light that there were planes flying in and out of Omagh," Mr Mitchell said.
In all two RAF squadrons were based there, 105 and 106, but within a few months the RAF had packed up and left, even taking the aircraft hangars with them.
Few passing today are aware of its past as a base, never mind the secret missions to observe republican gatherings in the last few months before the formation of the Irish Free State in 1922.