A billionaire businessman, philanthropist and former broker of arms deals has been told by Barclays that he can no longer bank with them.

Wafic Said, who was born in Syria, has also donated large sums to the Conservative Party.
The bank is understood to be concerned about holding accounts that are linked to what are described as "high-risk countries".
Mr Said has been a customer of Barclays for many years.
The Said Foundation funds a renowned business school in Oxford, as well as many humanitarian causes, and counts a former private secretary to the Prince of Wales among its trustees. So why has he been shunned?
Mr Said and his foundation have strong financial links with Syria. His family is a major shareholder in one of Syria's biggest banks and he has counted members of the family of Bashar al-Assad among his friends.
War-torn Syria is a complicated place to do business. There are a variety of US and EU sanctions regarding transferring money in and out of Syria and there are serious risks for banks that get it wrong.
Barclays concluded it was not sufficiently reassured they were in compliance with anti-money laundering and "know your client" rules.
Mr Said became well known as the broker of the UK's largest ever export deal - and one that became mired in controversy.
The so-called al-Yamamah transaction involved the sale of Â£43bn worth of British fighter planes to Saudi Arabia.
There were accusations of bribery, which led to an investigation by the Serious Fraud Office. That probe was terminated by Tony Blair in 2006, as it was considered counter to the UK's national interest.
There is no suggestion that Mr Said was guilty of any wrongdoing, either then or now. However, Barclays is understandably jumpy because last November, Barclays was fined Â£72m by the Financial Conduct Authority after it found they failed to carry out due diligence on a high-net-worth client in a transaction worth Â£1.9bn. But the real fear for banks is the US authorities.
In 2014, French bank BNP Paribas was fined almost $9bn for violating US sanctions against Sudan, Cuba and Iran, a severe punishment aimed at sending a clear message to other financial institutions around the world. Barclays heard it and has decided that people with Mr Said's profile are not a risk worth taking.
Barclays insist that the decision was not part of a wider systematic culling of clients with links to territories posing high regulatory risk and that decisions are being made on a case-by-case basis.
In a statement on Friday, Mr Said said he was given no justification for the bank's action and would be taking legal action against Barclays.


Lord Janner has been accused in Parliament of being a serial abuser who attacked children inside the Palace of Westminster.

Labour MP Simon Danczuk said police had told him they wanted to bring 22 historical charges against Lord Janner, dating between 1969 and 1988.
The director of public prosecutions (DPP) announced in April that he would not be charged because of his dementia, although that decision is under review.
The ex-MP denies any wrongdoing.
Lord Janner's family has said that the peer "is entirely innocent of any wrongdoing".
DPP Alison Saunders said Lord Janner's dementia was so severe that he could "play no part in a trial".
Police condemned the CPS decision as "wrong", and the Labour Party has suspended the 86-year-old peer.
Speaking in a Westminster Hall debate about the Crown Prosecution Service, Mr Danczuk said: "I have met with Leicestershire police and discussed the allegations in detail.
"Children being violated, raped and tortured - some in the very building in which we now sit."
The Rochdale MP continued: "If Lord Janner really is too ill to face prosecution, then why can't the courts establish this with a fitness to plead process?
"This would clear up doubts that still linger, for example why he was still visiting parliament on official visits after he was declared unfit to face justice."
He said that a "trial of the facts" would allow the victims to tell their stories, but he said the DPP had said that would not be in the public interest.
"Personally I fail to see how the knowledge that a peer of the realm is a serial child abuser is not in the public interest," the MP added.
Mr Danczuk was repeatedly warned by the chair of the debate, Conservative MP Anne Main, against criticising Lord Janner.
A former DPP-turned-Labour MP, Sir Keir Starmer, said: "The decision before the DPP was not an easy decision. It was a stark and difficult choice between two unattractive approaches.
"We should respect the independence she brought to the decision making, and the fact she's had that decision out for a review.
"To that extent I think we should inhibit our comments on the case."


Austria is to sue Airbus and the Eurofighter consortium over a 2 billion-euro (Â£1.7bn) deal to buy Typhoon warplanes.

Its defence ministry said that following an investigation it believed Austria had been misled over the purchase price.
It could sue the two companies for 1.1bn euros, it said.
Airbus said the allegations had taken it by surprise and that it was "a political manoeuvre".
Airbus and Eurofighter charged nearly 10% of the purchase price for offset deals, which involve work for local contractors, said the defence ministry's report. This should have been charged separately, it said, and means it is suing for at least 183.4 million euros.
It says the 1.1bn euro figure is its calculation for the difference in price between the Eurofighter and a cheaper option.
Defence minister Hans Peter Doskozil said the investigation suggested "Austria would not have decided to purchase the Eurofighter in 2003 without the fraudulent deception".
Austria ordered 24 Eurofighter jets in 2002 but reduced its order to 15. It then ordered a review of the purchase in 2012 in light of bribery allegations.
Mr Doskozil said the first order of Eurofighters used by the German army are "very expensive during operation" and that the Eurofighter programme would cost Austria 80 million euros in 2017. He will commission a new report to find a cheaper alternative, he said.
The Eurofighter programme is a joint venture between Airbus, BAE Systems and Italy's Leonardo to provide a modern fighter jet for the UK, Germany, Spain and Italy, as well as other buyers.  The UK bought 160 of the aircraft.
"Airbus is surprised by media reports of a criminal complaint and alleged repayment claims on the part of the Austrian Ministry of Defence against Airbus Defence and Space and Eurofighter," Airbus said in a statement.
"We have received neither notification of a criminal complaint nor any other information regarding this matter or the ministry's accusations. These new accusations have never been raised before; we thus cannot see any foundation in particular for the allegations of bad faith and fraud. Rather, they appear to be contrived, and we deny them vigorously.
"We see today's announcement as a political manoeuvre. We are, of course, continuing our policy of actively supporting the Austrian authorities in investigating concrete suspicions."


League One newcomers AFC Wimbledon have signed defender Sean Kelly following a successful trial spell.

The 22-year-old Scotland Under-21 international was a free agent after leaving Scottish Championship side St Mirren earlier this summer.
Kelly, who can play at centre-back or left-back, becomes Wimbledon's sixth signing of the summer transfer window.
"We wanted someone young who we could develop," Dons boss Neal Ardley told the club website.
The south-west London club have not disclosed the length of Kelly's contract at Kingsmeadow.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Swansea boss Paul Clement will welcome back striker Fernando Llorente for the trip to Bournemouth.

The World Cup winning striker was considered a doubt after a dead leg forced him off in the 2-1 defeat at Hull and missed four days of training.
Defender Angel Rangel has been ruled out for the season with a broken foot however, while left back Martin Olsson has an ankle injury.
Kyle Naughton and Stephen Kingsley are likely to be recalled to the side.
Clement says Rangel is 'unlikely' to play again this season after an operation and admits they have also suffered a setback with January signing Olsson.
"We picked up a few injuries at Hull," he explained.
"Angel has had surgery on a broken bone in his foot. He tried to carry on thinking he had rolled his ankle, but the scan showed a crack in the bone. The surgery is to quicken the healing process and he will be out 8-12 weeks.
"Olsson has not returned to training, he is unlikely to be fit for this weekend. We are disappointed to have lost Martin."
Clement is expecting to be able to call on top scorer and World Cup winner Llorente, who was forced off against Hull with a dead leg.
"Llorente is okay, he is back training with the group as is Naughton (hamstring) who we lost against Burnley."
In the absence of Olsson, Clement confirmed Scotland U21 left back Stephen Kingsley will return, having not featured since mid-January when the Swans lost 4-0 against Arsenal.
Clement is confident the 22-year old will be ready to seize his chance however, and insists that is why the club allowed Wales defender Neil Taylor to leave for Aston Villa in January.
"Stephen Kingsley will play at left-back at Bournemouth, he is a good young player who has been involved with his national team and he has experience at this level and is a very good replacement," he said.
"We are more than confident in Stephen's ability. When we brought Martin in, it was always the case that one of the left backs would leave.
"We are very happy Stephen stayed here."
Clement felt defender Alfie Mawson was worthy of his inclusion after being named for the first time in the England Under-21 squad.
"It is very good news," Clement told BBC Wales Sport. "It is fantastic for him to be recognised. England are strong at Under-21 level but Alfie deserves the opportunity because he is playing regularly in the Premier League."


Canada has introduced extensive security legislation that includes the creation of a "super" national security review body.

The Liberals says its proposed overhaul of national security laws will shed light and oversight on the activities of the country's spy agencies.
It says the changes will balance both rights and security.
Critics say that does not go far enough in keeping people safe or protecting the privacy of Canadians.
The national security overhaul dates back to a 2015 general election promise by the Liberals.
The party committed to repealing what they called "problematic elements" of controversial sweeping anti-terrorism legislation passed by the former Conservative government.
The Conservative bill, which increased government policing, information-sharing and surveillance powers, was passed a few months after a gunman killed a Canadian soldier and stormed Parliament Hill in Ottawa before being shot and killed himself.
Many people expressed concern that those new measures could violate Canada's rights charter.
Mr Goodale called the new national security review body a "major innovation in our security architecture".
The National Security and Intelligence Review Agency will keep an eye on security and intelligence activities in Canada.
The arms-length oversight body will review every department and agency within government that has a national security function.
The Liberal Bill C-59 will also create another new watchdog role.
An intelligence commissioner will be tasked with authorising certain intelligence and cyber-security activities of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) and the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) to ensure they are in line with Canadian laws.
OpenMedia, an internet advocacy group, says that while some of the proposed measures in C-59 are a step forward, the bill does not far enough in protecting the privacy of Canadians from information sharing and gathering by security and police agencies.
Conservative public safety critic Tony Clement said on Twitter the proposed bill "weakens ability of our security agencies to respond to terror threats".
C-59 also includes tweaks to Canada's no-fly list.
Over 60 Canadian families say their children's names have been wrongly matched to the list, which means the families are often held up at airports for security reviews.
The issue came to light last year and parents have been pressuring to government for a better redress system.
The planned changes allow the government to inform parents if their child is not on the list and to make it easier for parents to seek recourse.
The legislation was introduced on Tuesday but will probably only be dealt with in depth by parliamentarians after the legislative summer break.


It was the most watched film in the UK last year and it made more than Â£300 million pounds around the world.

16 January 2015 Last updated at 16:59 GMT
But even with all this success The Lego Movie still didn't get a nomination for best animated film at this years Oscars - the biggest awards show in the world of showbiz.
Instead it was Big Hero 6, The Boxtrolls, How To Train Your Dragon 2, Song of the Sea and The Tale of the Princess Kaguya that were nominated.
So why wasn't The Lego Movie nominated?
We asked BBC Entertainment reporter Colin Paterson to explain.


A teenage boy is the second person to be arrested on suspicion of shooting a swan with a crossbow.

George, a male swan, was seriously injured when he was shot in the head in Pittville Park, Cheltenham, in January.
A 15-year-old boy, from Cheltenham, was arrested under under the Wildlife and Countryside Act.
A 48-year-old man, also from Cheltenham, was arrested last week. Both have been released on bail pending further investigations.
The swan, along with his breeding partner Zelda, has lived on Pittville lakes for a number of years.
The critically ill bird was found by a member of the public with a bolt lodged in his left eye.
He was treated at Vale Wildlife Hospital and Rehabilitation Centre and has now been released back to the lake.
A fundraising campaign has raised more than Â£6,000 to pay for George's treatment and a reward to catch the person responsible.


A former prisoner-of-war who credited the Nagasaki atomic bomb with saving his life has died at the age of 97.

Gordon Highlander Alistair Urquhart said the bomb prevented a Japanese plan to massacre Allied PoWs.
He was blown off his feet by the Nagasaki bomb in 1945. That, and the Hiroshima atomic bomb killed up to 250,000 people, but are credited with hastening the end of World War Two.
Aberdeen-born Mr Urquhart, of Broughty Ferry, died in a Dundee care home.
His story began when Singapore fell to the Japanese in February 1942.
Serving with the Gordon Highlanders' Second Battalion he had arrived there just weeks earlier as the Allies strengthened the island fortress against the expected invasion.
He was among thousands taken prisoner and ended up helping to build the notorious Burma-Siam railway.
Mr Urquhart's detail was put to work in what became known as "Hellfire Pass", where men were forced to cut through solid rock using nothing more than hand tools and dynamite.
An estimated 13,000 Allied PoWs died on the railway. When it was completed, the surviving prisoners were taken back to Singapore to be put on ships to Japan.
The Americans, not knowing the cargo, torpedoed them. The ship Mr Urquhart was on sank.
For five days he drifted on the ocean in a raft, until he was picked up by a whaler.
He ended up in a labour camp 10 miles from Nagasaki where, on 9 August 1945, the second atomic bomb exploded.
He recalled: "I heard a plane, and I looked up. And it was quite clearly an American plane. No opposition.
"And it just droned over and away.
"Minutes later, I was just blown across the pathway - a big gust, which I thought was wind, hot air. But this was the bomb going off.
"There had been a directive from the Japanese Army that if the Americans put one foot on Japanese soil, the whole of the people who had been taken prisoner had to be massacred on 12 August.
"When was the bomb dropped? 9 August. Thank God. And here I am."
The Japanese surrendered nine days after the first blast, ending World War Two.
Mr Urquhart's son, Philip, said: "My father passed away peacefully with his family and friends around him on Friday.
"He only moved into the care home in February having looked after himself up to the age of 96 and he was happy there.
"He was 97 when he died so we cannot say he did not have a full life."


Tens of thousands of inaccurate insurance renewal notices have been sent to customers of Admiral.

All insurers have been ordered to include the previous year's premium in renewal notices, under regulations that began in April.
But the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) said Admiral failed to show exactly what customers had paid.
The company has apologised and will contact affected customers who can cancel without a penalty if they wish.
New regulations, brought in by the FCA, were designed to help insurance customers to shop around and to make the rising or falling price of their insurance clearer.
All insurers have had to include the amount paid the previous year in any renewal documents for insurance such as home and motor cover.
However, Admiral - one of the largest insurers in the UK and a FTSE 100 company - failed to give accurate information.
It gave last year's quoted premium, before discounts were applied, rather than the amount that the customer actually paid, the FCA said.
Jonathan Davidson, of the FCA, said: "It is vital that insurers give customers the right information so they can easily compare premiums and make a choice whether to shop around.
"When introducing these measures, the FCA was clear that firms should be ready from April 2017. We will continue to keep a close eye on the industry's response to ensure firms are complying with the new rules and will take action where necessary."
Admiral, which has offices in Cardiff, Newport and Swansea, has apologised
"We are amending the way in which these customers are able to compare the price of the insurance policy being offered at renewal with what they paid the previous year," a company spokesman said.
"We are getting in touch with affected customers to ensure they are fully satisfied."
The company has refused to say how many people were affected, but the BBC understands it is tens of thousands. If affected customers choose to go to another insurer, they will be able to cancel without penalty and will have their premium refunded.
The FCA has given the company a deadline of August to ensure all renewal notices are correct.
Ian Hughes, chief executive of market research group Consumer Intelligence, said: "Insurance customers aren't quite getting the transparency the FCA envisioned on renewal disclosure.
"We are just over two months into the new era which was supposed to help shopping around and already there are problems with the likelihood of more to come."


Northants won the T20 Blast for the second time as brilliant batting by Josh Cobb steered them to a four-wicket victory over Durham at Edgbaston.

After Ben Stokes went early for 18, Keaton Jennings hit 88 off 58 balls before Cobb pulled off a stunning catch to remove him as Durham made 153-8.
Northants were 9-3 in reply, but Cobb hit three sixes in a 26-ball fifty.
He put on 120 with Alex Wakely (43) and departed for 80 just before Northants reached 155-6 with five balls to spare.
It was an audacious exhibition by Cobb, who turned 26 three days ago, and had earlier taken a stunning one-handed catch at cover to dismiss Jennings, whose score was the highest in Finals Day history - and his first half-century in a T20 game.
A member of Leicestershire's winning team in 2011, Cobb top-edged Chris Rushworth to the keeper as he tried to win the match with a six.
Needing three off the final over, however, Northants needed only one delivery as Rob Keogh struck Usman Arshad to spark scenes of celebration as they repeated their 2013 Finals Day triumph.
It was a major disappointment for Durham, whose chief executive had to reassure the players that the club was not going bust earlier this month, after overcoming Yorkshire by seven runs earlier in the day.
Stokes and Mark Wood played the lead roles in that victory, but were unable to repeat it in the final, although two wickets went down in Wood's opening over, the second a superb run-out of Richard Levi by Scott Borthwick.
Ultimately Durham did not have enough runs to defend after Ben Sanderson took 3-31 for their opponents, including the vital wickets of Stokes and skipper Paul Collingwood.
And although Wood (1-25) looked the most threatening bowler on display during the day, Cobb and Wakely punished Durham's support bowlers in the partnership which all but decided the outcome and atoned for Northants' defeat by Lancashire in last year's final.
Despite the upcoming one-day series against Pakistan, England made players available for the climax of the domestic T20 competition.
Although Stokes hit 56 and Wood took 4-25 against Yorkshire, it was a largely disappointing day for the national team stars.
Stuart Broad failed to take a wicket in two overs for Notts in their semi-final against Northants and was caught behind for 11 as they came up just eight runs short.
But it was Yorkshire's England returnees who really failed to live up to their billing, with Joe Root, Jonny Bairstow and Gary Ballance contributing only 10 runs between them, and David Willey suffering a hand injury when the ball was hit hard back at him.
Root, in particular, looked shaken up by Wood's pace in the second semi-final and a reckless hook shot off Rushworth led to his downfall.
When it came to the final, Cobb outshone them all as Northants became only the third county to win the T20 trophy more than once following Leicestershire (three times) and Hampshire (twice).
Northants batsman Josh Cobb told BBC Test Match Special:
"It's an unbelievable feeling. We lost last year and people wanted to put it right. As long as the team won, that was the main thing.
"We like the underdog tag. We are a serious white-ball cricket side and even when we have a lot of injuries against us, someone puts their hand up.
"In a way, I was batting calm and I would have been a lot more nervous if I was in the stand."
Durham captain Paul Collingwood:
"It's disappointing to get all the way to the final and not be able to get over the line, but the energy that we put into the semi-final against Yorkshire, you cannot fault the lads.
"From the position that we were in in the league to get to the actual final, I take my hat off to the boys. It's been a great effort, but wasn't good enough in the end.
"Northants deserve the victory. We didn't have a huge score on the board. You need things to go your way but unfortunately today it didn't. "


The family of a 14-year-old girl from Scotland have confirmed that she was one of the 22 people killed in Monday's suicide bomb attack at the Manchester Arena.

In a statement, the parents of Eilidh MacLeod said: "Words cannot express how we feel at losing our darling Eilidh."
Eilidh was one of two teenagers from Barra who were reported missing in the aftermath of the attack.
Her friend Laura MacIntyre, 15, is in hospital with serious injuries.
It is also believed a father-of-two from South Lanarkshire is among the seriously injured.
Prayers have been said for Piotr Chylewska at his parish church, St Bride's RC Church in Cambuslang.
Eilidh and Laura, pupils at Castlebay Community School, were among thousands of people who had attended a show by US singer Ariana Grande.
Eilidh's parents said: "Our family is devastated and words cannot express how we feel at losing our darling Eilidh.
"Eilidh was vivacious and full of fun. She loved all music whether it was listening to Ariana or playing the bagpipes with her pipe band.
"As a family we would like to express our thanks and gratitude for the support and kind messages we have received at this difficult time."
A minute's silence was held at 11:00 across Scotland to remember the victims of the attack.
A crowdfunding page set up to help the girls' families, originally set at Â£2,000, has raised more than Â£26,000.
The girls were accompanied on their trip to Manchester by family members. Their parents flew to the city following the attack.
First Minister Nicola Sturgeon told the Scottish Parliament that support would be in place on Barra for anyone who needs it, and for as long as it is needed.
Ms Sturgeon said the death of Eilidh and the "horrific" injuries suffered by Laura would be felt in a way that was "much, much more intense" in the close-knit island community.
She said Scottish government officials had contacted Comhairle nan Eilean Siar - Western Isles Council - to see what further assistance they could offer.
The council's education director, who is an educational psychologist, is already on Barra, and will be joined later on Thursday by a further educational psychologist and an NHS clinical psychologist.
Ms Sturgeon said: "Between them they are going to be focusing on the support that the families and those who were closest to these two girls will need.
"Their aim will be to keep things as normal as possible for the school that the girls attended, but to make sure that there is the support in place for young people who are going to need it."
The first minister also pledged that support would be available "not just today, next week or next month, but for as long as it is needed".
And she expressed her "anger and disbelief" at leaks to the media in the US of sensitive intelligence about the Manchester attack investigation, which Ms Sturgeon said was "completely unacceptable and cannot be defended".
The BBC understands that police investigating the attack have stopped sharing information with the US in order to prevent further leaks.
Other party leaders also paid their respects to the victims of the attack during the subdued session of first minister's questions.
Police Scotland, which has sent extra officers to Barra, said at least 41 people from Scotland were at the Manchester Arena during the suicide attack.
Troops have been deployed at Ministry of Defence and civil nuclear sites across Scotland to free up armed officers after the UK's terror threat level was raised to critical.
But Chief Constable Phil Gormley said there was currently "no foreseeable prospect" of Police Scotland asking for soldiers to publicly patrol in Scotland, as they are doing in some areas of England.
Mr Gormley said security arrangements around upcoming events such as the Scottish Cup Final, the visit to Scotland of former US president Barack Obama, the Edinburgh Marathon and the Lisbon Lions memorial events in Glasgow had been reviewed to ensure they were "fit for purpose".
But he said he was confident the force had "sufficient firearms capability to meet all foreseeable threats and demands going forward".
Comhairle nan Eilean Siar confirmed that additional support had already been made available to staff and pupils at Castlebay Community School, where the girls were pupils.
A comhairle spokesman said; "We are continuing to closely monitor events. We are mindful of the impact on pupils and staff at the school and are providing all necessary support."
On Wednesday the head teacher at the school, Annag Maclean, said staff and pupils were "in shock, feeling numb and struggling to come to terms" with a "violent attack targeted at young people". She said all their thoughts were with Laura and Eilidh and their families.
The local authority said it was also having discussions with the Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) regarding the exceptional circumstances for pupils sitting exams in the coming week.
The Bishop of Argyll and the Isles, Bishop Brian McGee, has travelled to Barra to visit the school and to offer support to Laura and Eilidh's families.
The Church of Scotland's Rev Dr Lindsay Schluter, minister for Barra and South Uist congregations, has also offered support.


Glamorgan will again be without batsman Colin Ingram for their second Championship match of the season away to Derbyshire.

Ingram suffered a reoccurrence of a knee problem during the warm-up against Leicestershire.
"Initial (medical) reports are that the situation is better than first feared, we're tentatively looking at about two weeks," said head coach Robert Croft.
Glamorgan suffered a 10-wicket defeat in their opening game of the season.
Ingram was named in the squad for the first Championship match at the SSE Swalec Stadium and was expected to play, but withdrew on the morning of the first day's play.
Teenager Aneurin Donald deputised for Ingram, top-scoring with 57 in the second innings against Leicestershire.
"It's not ideal on the morning of the game when you lose a player like that," Croft told BBC Wales Sport.
"Fair play to Aneurin Donald, he was under pressure from the first innings but I'm really excited about the positive nature of his (second) innings."
Ingram, 30, has not played since February after sitting out the closing six weeks of the South African season, partly as a result of what he described as a "knee niggle."
The left-hander was Glamorgan's leading run-scorer in four-day cricket in 2015, and Croft is keen to have him back as soon as possible.
"We know what a good cricketer he is, he's also a good asset in the field as a good set of eyes and ears," Croft added.
Glamorgan play a series of six Championship games in successive weeks at the start of the 2016 season, beginning at Derby on 24 April.


The deaths of two children killed by carbon monoxide poisoning while on holiday in Corfu will be debated in Parliament.

Christi and Bobby Shepherd, of Horbury, near Wakefield, were unlawfully killed by fumes from a faulty boiler in a Thomas Cook bungalow in 2006.
Wakefield MP Mary Creagh has secured a debate on Tuesday and plans to set out how the family were failed by the firm.
She called for a Europe-wide campaign to improve carbon monoxide safety.
"As British families get ready for their summer holidays, they want to know they will come home safely," Mrs Creagh said.
She is "pressing" Thomas Cook and the UK government to lead a safety campaign.
"Having worked with the family for the past five years, their dearest wish is that no other family suffers a similar tragedy," she said.
The Labour MP met Thomas Cook's new chief executive, Peter Fankhauser, on Tuesday ahead of the debate.
Thomas Cook was criticised for its treatment of the family after the deaths of Christi, seven, and Bobby, six.
It accepted nearly Â£3m in compensation for legal expenses and lost revenue.
Later the firm apologised to the family and gave Â£1.5m to children's charity Unicef.
Former chief executive Harriet Green was awarded a shares bonus worth about Â£5.7m, but said she would donate a third to charities chosen in consultation with the children's parents.
Justin King, former Sainsbury's boss, will lead an independent review into Thomas Cook's health and safety and crisis management practices.
In May, it was announced that the bungalow at the Louis Corcyra Beach Hotel would be demolished.


The Serious Fraud Office (SFO) says it has lost thousands of documents relating to a probe into BAE Systems.

The UK agency said it lost 32,000 pages of data and 81 audio tapes linked to a bribery probe into BAE's al-Yamamah deal with Saudi Arabia.
The investigation into the huge arms deal was discontinued in 2006 after intervention from then-Prime Minister Tony Blair.
The SFO said the lost material comprised 3% of data about the deal.
It said it lost the items when it returned more material than intended to a source in the investigation.
The data loss took place between May and October 2012 and was discovered in May this year.
The SFO said it had contacted the 59 suppliers of data for the investigation to inform them of the situation.
"Any loss of data is a serious matter and the SFO has taken action to ensure no further material can be wrongly sent out," the agency said in a statement.
It continued: "The SFO has a duty to return material to those who supplied it, upon request, after the close of an investigation.
"In this instance the party requesting the return was sent additional material which had in fact been obtained from other sources."
Peter Mason, former director of security at the Palace of Westminster, has conducted a review and made some recommendations, including raising the profile of data handling as a key risk in the SFO's business.
A former civil servant, Alan Woods, is also conducting a wider-ranging review of SFO processes.
The al-Yamaha deal involved the sale of tens of billions of pounds worth of arms by BAE Systems to Saudi Arabia, beginning in the 1980s and ending in 2006 with the sale of 72 Typhoon fighter jets.
Allegations of corruption and bribery led to an SFO investigation in 2004, but it was closed in 2006 on grounds of public interest, amid concerns that relations with Saudi Arabia were being harmed.
The firm paid $450m (Â£289m) in fines in the UK and US three years ago to end other corruption investigations in both countries.
It pleaded guilty to one charge of conspiring to make false statements to the US government, including on deals in Saudi Arabia, and in the UK on one charge of breach of duty regarding payments made in Tanzania.
Speaking about the data loss, a BAE spokesman said: "Ultimately, this is a matter for the SFO and as far as BAE Systems is concerned, it is now closed."
Labour MP Emily Thornberry, shadow attorney general, said the incident "raises more questions than it answers" and asked what the government was doing to "ensure that this never happens again".


Teacher shortages and rising pupil numbers will create "a perfect storm" for schools in England, a head teacher has told the Conservative conference.

The crisis would harm children's education and impair efforts to raise standards, said Allan Foulds of Cheltenham Bournside School.
The president of the Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL) said the system was near "breaking point".
Education Secretary Nicky Morgan said she recognised the challenge ahead.
Mrs Morgan said the government wanted all schools "to be able to recruit high quality teachers who can deliver our vision of educational excellence everywhere, which is why we are focused on attracting more top graduates into the profession".
She said teaching remained popular as a career, "with the highest numbers of people joining since 2008 and with 3% more people due to start postgraduate teacher training than this time last year".
"However, we recognise that there is a challenge ahead as the economy continues to strengthen," she said.
But Mr Foulds said recruitment levels were too low and a combination of factors could push the system "to breaking point".
There are already too few trainee teachers to meet the numbers needed in government projections, according to ASCL.
A fall in the birth rate in the late 1990s will mean a "steady decline" in the population of 21-year-olds until 2022, it adds, meaning the overall pool of graduates is likely to fall, resulting in fewer trainee teachers.
The economic upturn will make it harder to attract would-be teachers, while the number of pupils under the age of 16 is set to rise by some 615,000 to 7.85 million by 2020, says ASCL.
Mr Foulds told the meeting: "There is a real danger that a system which is already under severe strain will reach breaking point and that schools will be forced to drop more courses and increase class sizes further.
"This situation puts in jeopardy the huge progress that has been made by schools and undermines the drive to further raise standards."
He said schools in the most challenging circumstances and the most disadvantaged children would be worst affected.
"That is the last thing we need in terms of closing the attainment gap," he said.
"Teachers are the lifeblood of the system."
Mr Foulds said non-specialists were already being asked to teach core subjects such as maths, English and the sciences, putting government reforms at risk.
"Time is running out, and the government must get to grips with this critical issue," he said.
Labour's shadow education secretary Lucy Powell blamed the government for a "chronic shortage" of teachers.
"The Tories' botched handling of recruitment and doing down of the profession has left schools struggling to cope against falling applications and the highest number of teachers quitting in a decade," said Ms Powell.
Mrs Morgan said the government had announced a new range of generous bursaries and scholarships for next year, worth up to Â£30,000 tax-free, "in the core academic subjects that help children reach their potential".
"Through programmes like School Direct and Teach First, we are helping schools recruit candidates they may have previously struggled to bring in, and our Talented Leaders initiative is also placing outstanding head teachers into struggling schools," she said.
The Department for Education said its teacher recruitment campaign also played an important role in attracting new people to teaching and encouraging more top graduates to consider training to teach priority subjects such as maths and physics.


Scotland international Jennifer Beattie has signed for Manchester City Women.

The 23-year-old defender will join the Women's Super League side on 3 January from French club Montpellier.
The daughter of former British Lions rugby union player John and sister of Scotland rugby international Johnnie moved to France in 2013 after four successful years at Arsenal Ladies.
Beattie said: "City have their targets set on winning trophies and that's the kind of club I want to be at."
The Blues won their first major trophy last season as they beat holders Arsenal 1-0 to lift the 2014 Continental Cup.


Graeme McDowell posted a final round of two-under-par 68 on Sunday to finish 11 shots behind winner Justin Rose at the Hong Kong Open.

McDowell, who had recorded earlier rounds of 66, 69 and 71, ended the tournament in a tie for 24th position on six under par.
The Portrush man began his round with 10 consecutive pars, and followed that with three birdies and a bogey at 18.
Rose won the tournament by one shot from Dane Lucas Bjerragaard.


The European aerospace and defence giant Airbus would reconsider investment in the UK in the event of Britain leaving the European Union.

Paul Kahn, president of the 16,000-employee Airbus UK, said Britain must compete for international investment.
"The best way to guarantee this is by remaining part of the EU," he said.
Earlier, Chancellor George Osborne said in a speech to the CBI employers' group that he wants the UK "to be in Europe, but not run by Europe".
Prime Minister David Cameron has promised a referendum on the UK's EU membership by the end of 2017, and the matter has been rising up the political and business agenda.
On Monday, the chairman of construction equipment firm JCB said the UK should not fear an exit from the EU.
And on Wednesday, the president of the CBI, Sir Mike Rake, said businesses should "speak out early" in favour of remaining in a reformed EU.
Mr Kahn, speaking to the BBC's industry correspondent John Moylan, said that with a UK referendum on leaving the EU perhaps less than 18 months away, companies like Airbus needed to be at the forefront of the debate.
"I believe that it is vital for a company such as Airbus to come out and make a stand in favour of Britain remaining in the European Union," he said.
Airbus, the world's second-largest planemaker after Boeing, employs 6,000 people at its site at Broughton, north Wales, where it assembles the wings for all Airbus aircraft.
Several thousand more people are employed at Filton, near Bristol, designing wings and testing landing gear.
He stressed that if Britain were to leave the EU, the company would not suddenly close.
But he added: "If after an exit from the European Union, economic conditions in Britain were less favourable for business than in other parts of Europe, or beyond, would Airbus reconsider future investment in the United Kingdom? Yes, absolutely."
Airbus is one of Europe's biggest industrial enterprises spanning civil aviation, defence and space, with operations in Germany, France and Spain.
If Britain were to leave the EU Mr Kahn suggested the company could face more red tape in areas such as work visas and trade barriers.
He said he was not "blindly supporting Britain's membership of the EU", adding: "I welcome the UK government's intentions to deliver positive and hoped-for reforms - which would create a leaner and more efficient EU."
His comments came on the day that Mr Osborne told business leaders at the CBI that the government would be fighting for a reformed Europe.
He acknowledged in his speech that some businesses might "want us to leave the EU come-what-may. And there are also those, including some in this room, who want us to go further into a more federal Europe".
But the chancellor said: "Our position - which I think is shared by the majority of British people and a majority of British businesses - is that we want Britain to be in Europe, but not run by Europe.
"The problem of making the single currency work is inevitably drawing its members toward ever-closer integration. We don't want to be part of that integration.
"The challenge for us is to ensure that while this happens we protect the single market, and make sure the EU continues to work in the interests of all 28 member states, including Britain."
Europe, he said, had "priced itself out of the global economy" with a raft of rules, regulations and red tape.


Police investigating a crash in Dumfries and Galloway in which a cyclist was fatally injured have renewed their appeal for witnesses.

James Murray, 22, suffered a serious head injury after falling from his bike on the B797 near Mennock on 15 August. He died three days later in hospital.
No other vehicle was involved.
Officers are keen to hear from any witnesses, particularly the driver of a blue Peugeot 306 or 307 seen on the road around the time of the incident.
Sgt Leigh McCulloch said: "Inquiries into the circumstances of this fatal road crash are continuing and we would like to speak to any witnesses who have not already contacted police."


A police force criticised for not doing more to stop a porn-obsessed murderer is being investigated over its handling of another man who went on to kill.

West Mercia Police admitted failings over its previous dealings with Jamie Reynolds, who was later jailed for hanging 17-year-old Georgia Williams.
The force called in the police watchdog because Jason Conroy allegedly throttled a teacher in March 2013.
He was later jailed for strangling 18-year-old Melissa Mathieson in Bristol.
A spokesman for the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) said: "We received a referral from West Mercia Police in January 2015.
"It concerned the police handling of allegations made against Jason Conroy in connection with an incident in Shropshire in March 2013.
"The IPCC investigation was paused due to the criminal prosecution of Mr Conroy but has now resumed following his convictions."
Reynolds, described in court as having morbid sexual fantasies, tried to strangle a girl in 2008, before going on to hang Georgia five years later.
The force and social services were criticised in a serious case review last week after it emerged they knew about the earlier attack.
A subsequent investigation resulted in misconduct meetings for four officers and a member of police staff.
Reynolds is now serving a rare whole-life term in prison after a judge said he had the potential to become a serial killer.
Conroy allegedly throttled a teacher at a school in Shropshire in March 2013, but it was not reported to police at the time.
A West Mercia Police spokesman said: "Police were made aware of the incident several months later as an officer attended the address for a separate matter."
It is understood the officer advised the victim no action could be taken as a time limit had passed.
Conroy, 18, strangled Melissa Mathieson last year at the Bristol centre where they both lived and was jailed for a minimum of 19 years.
His trial at Bristol Crown Court was told he had indicated as a child he wanted to have sex with a dead woman and he was described as having an "abnormal sexual drive".


Office supply superstore Staples is investigating possible payment card data thefts, according to reports.

A blog report by security expert Brian Krebs has suggested that several of its stores in north-east America have been affected by a breach.
If correct, it would make Staples the latest in an increasingly long line of US retailers to have been targeted by hackers.
The US government has called for a swift move to chip-and-pin technology.
Stores are gradually making the move from using magnetic strip payment cards - the most common form of payment in the US - to the more secure chip-and-pin.
Many are now rushing through the changes following a series of high-profile breaches where hackers have put card-stealing malware on cash registers.
Staples, it seems, could be the latest victim.
Mr Krebs, a US security expert who has written widely on retail data breaches, blogged that bank officials were investigating breaches at Staples stores in New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
"Multiple banks say they have identified a pattern of credit and debit card fraud suggesting that several Staples Inc. office supply locations in north-eastern United States are currently dealing with a data breach," Mr Krebs wrote.
Staples said it was investigating the matter.
"Staples is in the process of investigating a potential issue involving credit card data and has contacted law enforcement," company spokesman Mark Cautela said in a statement.
Earlier this month, Sears Holdings said it had discovered that point-of-sale registers at its Kmart stores had been compromised by malicious software.
Fast-food chain Dairy Queen also reported that malware had been installed on cash registers in nearly 400 of its stores.
And, at the end of last year, Target suffered a massive data breach which affected up to 70 million customers.
It has led the US government to call for the widespread adoption of chip-and-pin technology.
"With over 100 million Americans falling victim to data breaches over the last year, and millions suffering from credit card fraud and identity crimes, there is a need to act and move our economy toward secure technologies that better secure transactions and safeguard sensitive data," the Obama administration said in a press release.


Arbroath squandered the chance to go top of Scottish League Two, after league leaders Forfar Athletic were beaten by 3-2 Berwick Rangers.

The second-placed Red Lichties failed to capitalise, going down 1-0 at home to Montrose.
Annan Athletic climbed to third, beating bottom side Cowdenbeath.
Clyde twice surrendered the lead as they lost 3-2 to Stirling Albion and Edinburgh City earned a surprise 3-0 win over Elgin City at Meadowbank.
Pat Scullion put Berwick ahead early on at Station Park, only for Danny Denholm to restore parity on the stroke of half-time.
Quick-fire goals from Denholm and Greg Rutherford put the Wee Rangers in control and, despite a late penalty from David Cox, they hung on to dent the hosts' promotion aspirations.
Forfar have now failed to win in seven successive matches, but Arbroath missed the opportunity to take advantage of their rivals' poor form.
Gary Fraser claimed Montrose's winner - and the only goal of the game - five minutes from time at Gayfield Park to leave the hosts a point off the top.
Annan moved into third after their 1-0 success at home to Cowdenbeath, Aidan Smith's superb strike 14 minutes from time proving the difference between the sides.
Second-bottom Clyde missed the chance to move further above Cowdenbeath after a frustrating home defeat by Stirling.
The Cumbernauld side were ahead twice, but Darren Smith scored the visitors' winner after he and Ross Kavanagh had cancelled out Peter MacDonald's opener and David Gormley's penalty.
In the day's other game, Dougie Gair's brace and a late goal from Jordan Caddow helped Edinburgh defeat Elgin, who drop to fourth.
It means Edinburgh move three points clear of Clyde.


Defending champion Rikard Karlberg leads home favourite Francesco Molinari by one shot after the first round of a rain-affected Italian Open at Monza.

The Swede hit six birdies, including three in his first four holes, in a seven-under-par round of 64 at Golf Club Milano in Monza.
England's Chris Wood is six shots off the pace after a two-under-par 69.
Wood is one of seven members of Europe's Ryder Club team playing at the event at Parco Reale di Monza.
The Ryder Cup against the United States, held at Hazeltine in Minnesota, takes place from 30 September to 2 October.
England's Lee Westwood, who went round in 70, said: "Hopefully I can get myself in contention and get the competitive juices flowing.
"Next week is a week off. I'll work on my game at home and do a bit of gym work to keep the body ticking over, but I don't want to overdo it because the Ryder Cup is obviously a long and tiring week, both mentally and physically."
With play suspended twice following heavy rain and lightning storms in Rome, more than half the field did not finish the first round on Thursday.
The other European Ryder Cup players - Germany's Martin Kaymer, England's Danny Willett, Andy Sullivan and Matthew Fitzpatrick, and Spain's Rafael Cabrera-Bello - are set to complete their opening rounds on Friday.


Cladding similar to that used in four council tower blocks in Swansea has passed a new fire safety test in the wake of London's Grenfell disaster.

Residents of flats in Clyne Court, Sketty, and Jefferys Court, Penlan, were concerned when the material used failed initial tests.
Communities Secretary Carl Sargeant hailed results of a new whole-system test as a "positive development".
It follows the failure of a system test on material used in Newport.
At least 80 people died in the Grenfell fire, and the UK government demanded urgent fire tests on all tower blocks.
Cladding from three tower blocks in Newport and four blocks of flats in Swansea had failed initial fire safety tests on the type of panels used.
Since then, the Building Research Establishment (BRE) has been carrying out whole-system tests to judge the risk of fire spreading from panels made of aluminium composite material (ACM) to entire buildings.
In a written update to assembly members, Mr Sargeant said one set of results related to tests on material "similar to the combination in place on four buildings owned by the City and County of Swansea, samples of which had previously been tested by the BRE".
This featured ACM with a fire retardant polyethylene filler with mineral wool insulation.
"The tested system passed the test, which is a positive development," Mr Sargeant said.
"Of course, landlords and owners must continue to draw on all expert advice and guidance in relation to their individual buildings."
Andrea Lewis, Swansea council's cabinet member for housing, welcomed the "very reassuring news" which she said backed up the authority's own whole-system test of the cladding system used.
She added that work to fit sprinklers in all 11 of the council's high-rise blocks would begin in November, with priority given to those with exterior cladding.
Earlier in August, it was confirmed that a whole-system test on material used in three tower blocks owned by social landlord Newport City Homes had failed.
Rockwool, the makers of the insulation involved, said the test did not properly assess their product.


A Belfast pensioner who sexually abused two members of the same family has been given an extended 12 year sentence.

Patrick Toal, formerly of Tollgate House in Bradbury Place, was found guilty by a jury earlier this year of 29 separate counts of sexually abusing his partner's daughter, and her grand-daughter.
The abuse spanned a period of 19 years.
The 71-year-old, who maintains his innocence, was sentenced at Belfast Crown Court on Tuesday.
Telling Toal that he was being handed an extended sentence for the protection of the public, the judge said that after the pensioner has served half his sentence, his release date will then be determined by the Paroles Commission.
In addition to the prison sentence, Toal will spend a further three years on licence when he is released from custody.
He was also made the subject of an Sexual Offences Prevention Order (SOPO) for an indefinite period.
The judge said that Toal's actions had left both of his victims suffering from post traumatic stress disorder.
He said Toal preyed on the women when they were vulnerable young girls and that grooming was involved.
The judge said Toal had displayed no insight into the significant harm he had caused to both women.


Donald Trump's surprise election victory has caused widespread jitters throughout Asia, echoing global concern over the implications of a more isolationist and protectionist attitude by the US during his time in office.

Mr Trump's approach to the world's most important bilateral relationship - China and the US - is still a relative unknown, fuelling speculation over whether the US will eventually recede from the Asia-Pacific region and allow China to fill the vacuum.
Some conservatives in China have suggested that the US must finally face the reality of China overtaking the US as the leading regional power. The reality of Mr Trump's approach, however, may be "congagement": a mixture of enhanced containment and engagement, as opposed to the "smart power" doctrine of the Obama years.
During his presidential campaign, Mr Trump suggested that US allies in the Asia Pacific, such as Japan and South Korea, must do more to secure their neighbourhood and must shoulder more of the cost of the US alliance network.
An early indication of his approach may emerge when he meets Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe for the first time on Thursday next week. Sources close to Mr Trump have suggested that encouraging Mr Abe's goals of a more muscular military response towards China would help share the burden among the alliance.
This has been interpreted with alarm in both Beijing and Tokyo. But one of Mr Trump's strategic advisers, former CIA director James Woolsey, has recently suggested a "grand bargain" with China: Washington's acceptance of China's stake in the region in exchange for Beijing's acceptance of the regional status quo.
Another clue to Mr Trump's approach may lie in a letter written to Congress in May 2015 by 25 former cabinet secretaries, including seven former secretaries of defence and 10 former treasury secretaries from both Republican and Democratic administrations.
In the letter they called for Trade Promotion Authority legislation to be enacted, making the link between strengthening existing and emerging security relationships in the Asia-Pacific region and reassuring the region of America's "long-term staying power".
They went on to stress that the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP), the Obama administration's blueprint for free trade with the US across the Asia-Pacific region, would shape an economic dynamic over the next several decades by linking the US to one of the world's most vibrant regions.
They also warned that allies and partners would question US commitments, doubt American resolve, and inevitably look to other partners. They stressed that America's prestige, influence, and leadership was on the line.
Those who signed the letter may now be alarmed to see some of their fears playing out. Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte has announced his country's "separation" from the US, and Malaysia too may have been attracted into China's embrace in the wake of Prime Minister Najib Razak's state visit to China last week, where new defence and investment deals were signed.
Most observers now view the TPP as dead in the water. Hillary Clinton disavowed herself of the deal during her campaign, in an attempt to appease concerns within the US business community, and the TPP has struggled to gain traction during exhaustive negotiations even with the staunchest of US allies such as Japan.
Nevertheless, the end of the TPP should not be viewed as the death knell of US economic engagement in the Asia Pacific. For its part, Beijing is deeply concerned over "de-globalisation", part of a global trend of economic retrenchment. China over the past decade has been a major proponent of free trade, working hard to strike deals bilaterally and in multilateral bodies, fuelling its meteoric growth in terms of political, economic and military clout.
The pinnacle of this growth occurred during the second Obama administration, prompting China's President Xi Jinping to proclaim a "new model of great power relations" during his first state visit to the US.
The China-US relationship during this period came to be defined as both co-operative and competitive. Mr Xi has frequently stated that the common interests of the US and China far outweigh their differences.
Despite growing strategic mistrust, economic interdependency became the cornerstone of the US-China relationship, demonstrated by the success of the recent G20 meeting in Hangzhou towards the end of Mr Obama's term.
If Mr Trump were to undermine this stability and interdependency by imposing new trade strictures, threatening China's economic "new normal", this could have severe consequences for China's economic reform agenda and the legitimacy of the regime.
These are all deeply divisive issues within the Chinese Communist Party and will feature prominently at the next leadership conclave, the 19th Party Congress in one year's time.
In all likelihood, Mr Trump will understand that neglecting US pre-eminence in the Asia-Pacific region will have deep economic consequences for the US and may corrode the US alliance network that has served as the bulwark for regional security since the end of World War Two.
He will also be aware of deep bipartisan resentment over the Obama administration's inability to curtail assertive Chinese behaviour in the South China Sea, including the construction of three new air and naval bases on disputed atolls.
Rather than exacerbating the relative decline of US power in the region, Mr Trump in fact may seek to push back against any new Chinese coercion in its neighbourhood, while engaging with China more stridently on Beijing's big-ticket, geo-economic plans, such as the Belt and Road initiative and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB).


Police Scotland has said that it does not collate or hold specific figures on child sexual exploitation.

In a series of Freedom of Information requests, BBC Scotland asked how many cases, concerns and complaints of child exploitation, and child sexual exploitation were recorded in the past four years.
But the force said the figures were not held on a single system.
Scotland's Children's Commissioner said the revelation was "disturbing".
It comes on the day that officers launched a new unit to help with what police acknowledge is the complex problem of child abuse and neglect across Scotland.
It will provide expertise to allow local teams to robustly investigate cases, including child sexual exploitation, online offences and other types of abuse.
In its response to the BBC's FOI requests, Police Scotland said: "Child exploitation covers a broad range of criminal activity and doesn't correlate to a specific offence, but rather can involve a range of differing offences...The level of data you have requested is not held on a single system."
It comes after the publication last summer of the Jay report into sexual exploitation in Rotherham in South Yorkshire.
It revealed that more than 1,400 children were subjected to appalling sexual abuse.
Last year Glasgow City Council said 97 children in the city were victims, or at risk of, sexual exploitation.
The Association of Chief Police Officers said most forces in England and Wales now put a marker on such offences in their records, but senior officers here say that it is not easy to do.
Children's Commissioner Tam Baillie said: "I am disturbed that we do not yet collect police figures on children who are the subject of sexual exploitation.
"This was a recommendation of the Scottish Parliament and features in the Scottish government action plan on child sexual exploitation.
"The reason this is so important is that unless we know the scope of the problem we are trying to deal with, then we won't have the appropriate or proportionate response."
Assistant Chief Constable Malcolm Graham, from Police Scotland, said the nature of child sexual exploitation made it highly unlikely that young people would come forward to report being abused.
"Our priority is to be focussing on identifying as many victims as we can and identifying perpetrators who have the intent to commit these devastating crimes so we can prevent the abuse from happening," he said.
"Scotland is at the forefront of approaches to child sexual exploitation.
"Sexual exploitation is a form of abuse and it is not a specific crime type recorded as such. Children and young people may be victim of repeated rapes, physical assaults or grooming offences and we categorise all of these in crime recording."
He added: "But what is most important here is our focus on identifying who these victims are.
"Our focus is always on where there are child protection issues, and on keeping children safe."
Martin Crewe, director of Barnardo's Scotland, said: "Rotherham was a real wake-up call and led to the Scottish government's national action plan last year but we could and should be doing more.
"Our concern is that we don't know the full extent of the problem. We welcome the work of the police.
"Since the publication of the Barnardo's Scotland petition in 2011 we have been pushing for a better understanding of child sexual exploitation in Scotland."
In January 2013, Aileen Campbell, Minister for Children and Young People, responded to the Public Petitions Committee inquiry into Child Sexual Exploitation in Scotland, and announced four points including, action "to improve the way child sexual exploitation is identified by Scotland's new single police force to make this form of abuse more visible".
However, sexual exploitation per se is still not recorded or centrally collated.
The Scottish government said figures are available on the wider problem of child abuse.
A spokeswoman said: "The safety of our children is a key priority for the government and an issue we take extremely seriously.
"The launch of the National Child Abuse Investigation Unit will help to target and bring to justice those who seek to harm our young people.
"The unit has been set up to tackle all forms of child abuse, and child sexual exploitation is one aspect of this. We have robust legislation in place to cover a wide range of these offences, including online abuse and are working to strengthen the law even further."
She added: "The extent of the problem is often difficult to assess because abuse by its very nature is concealed. That's why prevention and swift action to safeguard children are a big part of our strategy to tackle these terrible crimes.
"This includes robust National Child Protection guidance, action to tackle emerging forms of child abuse including child sexual exploitation, a national public awareness campaign and guidance for night-time workers such as taxi drivers and hotel staff who may come into contact with those at risk."


The world's longest aircraft came into contact with "high voltage power cables" before nosediving on landing, an electricity firm has said.

Developers of the Airlander 10 had denied witness reports the airship struck a telegraph pole during its "heavy landing" on Wednesday.
But UK Power Networks said the aircraft had come into contact with one of its power lines.
Hybrid Air Vehicles said a mooring line had been in "contact" with a cable.
Live: Updates on this story and other news from Bedfordshire
The Â£25m Airlander, which is 302ft (92m) long, was damaged during its second test flight from Cardington Airfield, Bedfordshire.
Its owners initially denied claims from a witness that a line hanging down from the vehicle had hit a telegraph pole about two fields away from its landing site.
But after UK Power Networks said there had been contact, resulting in the loss of power to five customers, the firm released an updated statement.
It said: "No damage was caused to the aircraft and this did not contribute to the heavy landing. We are sorry for any inconvenience this may have caused to anyone."
Chief Executive of HAV, Stephen McGlennan, told the BBC the aircraft was being fully assessed by a team of experts.
"They'll create a plan to repair the front end where there was some damage," he said.
Mr McGlennan also said investors in the Airland project had been "very supportive" since the landing.
"They understand a business like this is involved in innovation, innovation is the business of doing things and sometimes when you do things for the first time, sometimes it doesn't work out quite how you'd hoped."
He confirmed two pilots walked away from the landing "without a scratch".
Mr McGlennan said he did not think the "heavy landing" would cause a "substantial change" to the future schedule of test flights and development.
"We are investigating in the way that a normal aerospace company would," he said.
The Air Accidents Investigation Branch confirmed it had been notified about the incident and was investigating, but had not sent a team to the site.


League One side Fleetwood Town have signed Dutch midfielder Ricardo Kip from Almere City.

The 24-year-old played in the Dutch second tier last season, where he scored 17 goals.
Kip came through the Ajax youth system where he earned a one-year deal, but moved to Almere in 2013.
"Ricardo's history last season was very good and we are hopeful that he can adapt to English football," manager Steven Pressley told the club website.
He has signed an undisclosed-length deal with the Lancashire side.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Oil price reaction has muted after the commodity initially fell by more than $1 a barrel following a deal with Iran on limiting nuclear activity in return for lifting economic sanctions.

News of the deal sent the Brent crude price down $1.15 to $56.70 a barrel, while US crude fell $1.05 to $51.15.
Later, Brent crude was down 33 cents - or 0.6% - while US crude was up 27 cents, or 0.5%.
The lifting of sanctions is expected to see a surge in Iran's oil output.
Iran could increase its oil exports by up to 60% within a year, according to a survey of 25 oil analysts questioned by the Reuters news agency.
Twelve of those polled believe Iran could raise oil output by up to 250,000 barrels per day in the first six months, while eight others predicted it could increase by as much as 500,000 barrels.
Nuclear inspectors will want to verify Iran's compliance with the terms of the deal before lifting sanctions, but the country's Oil Minister Bijan Zanganeh is confident the country can reach full capacity quickly.
Sarosh Zaiwalla, a London-based lawyer specialising in sanctions, said there was huge excitement, despite the potential problems ahead.
"Sanctions have crippled Iran's oil production, halving oil exports and severely limiting new development projects.
"Foreign trade and investment will allow Iran to make huge efficiencies and drive down the cost of production."
Edward Morse, global head of commodities research at Citi in New York, said that after years of underinvestment there would be a long delay before exports reached their full potential.
"Sanctions have clearly impaired Iran's ability to maintain its mostly mature oilfields, let alone develop new projects," he said.
It is predicted that even a modest initial increase in  output will pull international oil prices down further as the market is already producing around 2.5 million barrels per day above demand.
Amrita Sen, chief oil analyst at London-based consultancy, Energy Aspects said, "Given how oversupplied the market is with Saudi output at record highs, the mere prospect of new oil will be bearish for sentiment."


A Sierra Leonean athlete refused the right to stay in the UK has told the BBC he fears he will end up homeless if he returns to the African country after his family was wiped out by Ebola.

Jimmy Thoronka, 21, went missing after last year's Glasgow Commonwealth Games and was found sleeping rough in London.
He applied to stay in the UK, but the Home Office rejected his application.
Now he says he fears detention or being forced back onto the streets if he returns to Sierra Leone.
"I have no family, no house," he said. "The people I was living with have passed away from Ebola... I would be homeless."
Mr Thoronka, described as Sierra Leone's top 100m runner, competed in one 4x100m relay heat at the 2014 Commonwealth Games.
Mr Thoronka's adoptive mother was a nurse who contracted Ebola while she was working. She died while he was competing in Glasgow and infected the rest of her family.
Mr Thoronka was later arrested after being found in London and warned he faced deportation. He launched a bid to stay in the UK on human rights grounds.
The University of East London (UEL) said it would offer him a place on a foundation degree course if he was granted a visa to stay in the UK. A number of local business offered him help setting up a new life in the capital and a fundraising website was set up.
But the Home Office rejected his plea to stay and said he could only appeal once he had left the UK.
Speaking from north London, Mr Thoronka said he had cried all night after being told by the Home Office his application had been refused and feared his career would be put in jeopardy if he returned home.
"If I go back home, where am I going to stay? Who is going to help me, who can sponsor me for my training?"
He said he felt lucky to be alive after his adoptive mother's death.
"I am thinking that I shouldn't be here... I should have died," he said.
He added: "Before I was hoping that things were becoming better and better, and now everything has gone to back to zero for me... I don't know what to do."
Friends of the athlete say he does not intend to break immigration rules, which could see him barred from the country for 10 years.
But they hope ministers may intervene to overturn the decision.
Dusty Amroliwala, UEL's deputy vice-chancellor and chief operating officer, said Mr Thoronka was a "very special young man" and he was "deeply saddened" by the situation.
"Jimmy's story - his struggle against huge adversity, his determination to succeed, his fortitude, all in the face of losing his family for a tragic second time in his young life - these things all marked him out as being a very special young man," he said.
"He was exactly the kind of individual to whom UEL would wish to extend the hand of support and we are deeply saddened that we are no longer allowed to do so."
A Home Office spokesman said: "All applications for a visa or leave to remain are considered on their individual merits and in line with the immigration rules.
"Mr Thoronka's claim did not meet the required thresholds within the immigration rules."


The US Federal Reserve has decided to keep interest rates at between 0.25% and 0.5%.

The central bank said the labour market was strengthening, but it was still looking for inflation to reach its 2% target and expected the US economy to continue to "expand at a moderate pace"
The US central bank last raised rates in December, saying it expected to raise rates four times in 2016.
It now says it expects to raise rates just twice this year.
"Proceeding cautiously will allow us to verify that the labour market is continue to strength given the economic risk from abroad," said the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, Janet Yellen, speaking at a press conference after the announcement.
In a statement issued on Wednesday, the Fed's Open Market Committee - which decides the level of interest rates - said that while the US economy was seeing some improvement, weaker global markets were having a dampening effect.
"Household spending has been increasing at a moderate rate, and the housing sector has improved further; however, business fixed investment and net exports have been soft," the  committee said.
As one Fed watcher put it, this amounted to easing of monetary policy.
The Federal Reserve scaled back the number of times it expects to raise interest rates this year, warning that global economic and financial developments continue to pose risks.
Fed officials publish their forecasts for the central bank's key interest rate on a chart known as the "dot plot".
By pencilling in just two hikes this year - instead of the four assumed back in December - they were sending a message: they think the US needs more time to recover.
Fearing that financial markets might get ahead of themselves, Chair Janet Yellen in her new conference warned that the "dot plot" was not a promise and that policy was not on a pre-set course.
A message that may not have got through given the reaction on the S&P which closed at a high for this year.
An unexpected rise in underlying US inflation has led many investors to view June as month when the Fed will raise rates.
The Fed said its target of 2% inflation could be reached over the medium term, however, due to the effect of falling oil prices.
Inflation and the job market have been the two key factors in the Fed's decision to raise rates.
The US labour market has been improving. The unemployment rate fell bellow 5% in January. Ms Yellen stressed that the labour market participation rate - which measures the number of people looking for work - had also improved, a further sign of a strengthening economy.
Ms Yellen stressed that "policy is not on a pre-set course" and would change "as shocks positive or negative affected [economic] forecasts".
In December, the Fed downgraded its growth expectations for the US economy from 2.4% to 2.2%.
Energy prices have been a significant factor in the Fed's decision.
The price of oil has risen from an 11-month low of below $30 a barrel to just under $40.
Ms Yellen said this had eased concerns about the health of some companies and foreign markets that rely on oil production.
At the same time lower oil prices have allowed US households to spend in other areas.


Schalke defender Joel Matip will join Liverpool at the end of the season.

Matip, 24, is set to arrive on a free transfer when his current deal with the Bundesliga side expires in the summer.
The German-born player, who can play at centre-back and in midfield, has 27 Cameroon caps and came through Schalke's youth set-up.
Matip, who made his league debut at 18 and has more than 200 club appearances, is the second signing by Jurgen Klopp, who took over as Reds boss in October.
Serbian midfielder Marko Grujic signed for the Reds in January for £5.1m on a four-year contract but immediately returned to former club Red Star Belgrade on loan for the remainder of this season.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.
LISTEN: Did brain power save Matip's career? Schalke's academy coach speaks to BBC World Service


The Bolivian authorities have detained a second suspect over the air crash that killed most of Brazil's Chapacoense football team last month.

Prosecutors said Gustavo Vargas Villegas, a former aviation authority official, is being held on charges of misusing his influence by authorizing a licence for the doomed plane.
His father, who is also in detention, was one of the owners of the charter airline that operated the plane.
Both have denied any wrongdoing.
The plane which killed 71 people apparently left Bolivia with less than the regulation amount of fuel in its tanks and crashed when it ran out.
Mr Vargas Villegas said, "I am innocent. I did not authorise the operating licences."
What we know
A team torn apart
Edwin Blanco, a district attorney involved in Mr Vargas Villega's case, told reporters: "The prosecution has collected statements and evidence showing the participation of the accused in the crimes of misusing influence, conduct incompatible with public office and a breach of duties."
The Bolivian authorities have issued an arrest warrant for Celia Castedo, who also worked for the country's civil aviation authorities.
She had seen the plane's flight plan before it took off from Santa Cruz's airport in southern Bolivia and had warned that it barely had enough fuel to reach its destination in Colombia.
She has said she was pressured by her bosses into changing a flight report she made at the time and has fled the country, saying she fears she would not get a fair hearing by the judicial authorities.
Ms Castedo is in Brazil where she is seeking asylum.


(Close): US stocks ended Thursday slightly lower after official figures showed a sharp slowdown in economic growth.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 23.72 points, or 0.13%, to 17,755.80.
The latest GDP figures suggested the economy grew at an annualised pace of 1.5% in the third quarter, down from 3.9% the previous quarter.
GoPro shares fell 15.2% following the release of disappointing results from the camera maker.
Shares in Allergan, which makes Botox, and Pfizer were both suspended after the companies confirmed they were in buyout talks.
The tech-focused Nasdaq index fell 21.42 points, or 0.42%, to 5,074.27.
The S&P 500 index was barely changed, down 0.94 points at 2,089.41.


The value of the pound slipped as the government said it would officially notify the European Union next Wednesday that the UK is leaving.

Sterling had risen against the dollar in morning trade, but the news that Article 50 would be triggered on 29 March sent it lower.
The pound slipped 0.4% against the dollar to $1.2344. Against the euro it fell 0.4% to 1.1494 euros.
Meanwhile, the FTSE 100 hit another record, up almost 5 points at 7,429.8.
Dixons Carphone was the biggest riser, adding 2.6%, while insurers Direct Line and Admiral both rose about 1.7%.
Associated British Foods also gained 1.7% as Goldman Sachs improved its rating on the Primark owner to "buy" from "neutral".
Royal Bank of Scotland was the biggest faller, shedding 1.6%.
Dafydd Davies, partner at Charles Hanover Investments, said: "The financial stocks have all been on a pretty good push over recent sessions, so we are starting to see some short-term profit-taking come in.
"We could start to see, as Brexit uncertainty builds, a bit more de-risking on the financials that are particularly exposed to the direct state of affairs in question."
"The pound dropped sharply after we received the news that traders have been waiting for - Theresa May will trigger Article 50 next week," said Neil Wilson at ETX Capital.
"Despite the fact it's a known quantity we have to assume that the stark reality of exiting the European Union is hitting home."
Vodafone investors were unmoved by news that it had merged its Indian mobile business with Cellular, India's third-largest network, to will create the company's biggest operator. Vodafone's shares inched down 0.3% to 210.6p.


Scotland's top "footgolfer" is preparing to fly to America to take part in the sport's first Ryder Cup-style competition.

Gavin Craig, 28, is the country's number-one ranked player of footgolf, a cross between football and golf played on a specially-adapted course.
In May he will join UK teammates in California, taking on the Americans in a three-day tournament, the Jansen Cup.
He hopes the fast-growing sport will eventually become an Olympic event.
Gavin, a supermarket worker from Prestwick, Ayrshire, first became involved in footgolf two years ago when he saw a Facebook post advertising a new course in Cumbernauld.
"I was an amateur footballer, that's all I was. I played golf when I was younger but I wasn't any good so I decided to give it up," he told BBC Radio Scotland.
He believes the mark of a good footgolfer is accuracy and precision, rather than the ability to kick the ball great distances.
"I sometimes crouch down like a golfer would, to see the line of the putt, maybe if it's a left to right putt and it's not straight at the hole," he said.
"I think as well for a footballer, it's not something you practice in training. In training they will try to play a pass firmly into someone's feet, for them to control it, whereas in footgolf you have to be quite delicate at times, to tap it towards the hole."
The director of Footgolf Scotland, Paul Doherty, said versions of the sport had been around since the early 20th Century but the modern game originated in the Netherlands in 2009.
He organised the first Scottish event in 2014 and there are now eight courses across the country offering footgolf.
He said: "We are trying to get more people playing competitively. Gavin only started under two years ago and he's number one in Scotland.
"We've got a few other guys like Gavin coming through that's getting better - but we need more players to be playing regularly in order to get Scotland a good team. We've got a game against England later this year.
"We are hoping to compete with them. Obviously they've been doing it a lot longer so we need top guys to be playing it so we can put up a good performance."
Mr Doherty believes footgolf is more accessible than traditional golf. There is no need for expensive equipment and a round takes less time, so the whole family can get involved.
Cumbernauld boasts Scotland's only dedicated footgolf course, but other golf courses provide facilities - including the 21-inch holes - to the side of the normal greens.
Gavin Craig has already competed in several international contests and hopes that sponsorship could enable him to become Scotland's first professional footgolfer.
The Jansen Cup, named after Michael Jansen, one of the founders of modern footgolf, will take place from 22-24 May at Palm Desert, California.
A Tartan super series will take place at courses throughout Scotland in April to try to generate more interest in footgolf.


In life, a fatal motion denotes a missed step on a railway platform, a moment's distraction at the car wheel, or even - perhaps - a scatological demise on the seat of ease.

But in politics, a fatal motion means only one thing: the death of a proposed new law, pushed off its legislative mortal coil by the votes of MPs and peers in the division lobbies of Parliament.
And that is the fate that some peers are threatening to inflict on the government's plans to cut more than four billion pounds of tax credits.
The government wants to introduce the cuts not though the traditional route of a Finance Bill but via so-called secondary legislation. This is how most laws are made - technical changes pushed quickly through Parliament within the framework of existing Acts.
As of now, peers will have several possible options on Monday afternoon.
They could vote to kill the cuts outright by supporting a so-called "fatal motion" tabled by the Lib Dems. This would simply "decline to approve" the government's plans.
Or they could vote for a motion tabled by the crossbench peer, Lady Meacher. This would delay the tax credit cuts until the government has taken into account an impact analysis by the Institute for Fiscal Studies "and considered possible mitigating action".
Or peers could vote for a Labour motion tabled by Lady Hollis. This would delay the cuts while the government introduced transitional measures to protect claimants affected by the changes.
Now the government is taking umbrage about this. It says the Lords has no business trying to kill off secondary legislation. It is not something the Lords traditionally does. Clerks can find only five occasions since World War Two - in 1968, twice in 2000, 2007 and 2012. (Nerds note: see page 198 of the House of Lords Companion to the Standing Orders for the detail)
And furthermore, ministers also say that it would be fundamentally wrong for the Lords to break the longstanding constitutional rule that the Upper House does not decide financial matters. This was established most recently in 1911 during the constitutional gridlock that followed a decision by peers to block the Liberal Party's "people's budget".
But the crucial government argument is that even the Labour and crossbench motions to delay the implementation of the cuts should be considered as fatal motions.
The Tories say that any motion that does not approve the secondary legislation is a fatal motion.
"If you are putting a needle into someone's arm and pumping them slowly full of heroin, you are still killing them, just not quickly," said one source.
"There is no precedent for a delay motion. It binds the hands of the government. The House of Lords is trying to grab a new power from the House of Commons over financial matters. This is an unprecedented challenge to the authority of the House of Commons."
Labour dispute this analysis.
They say that the Hollis motion declining to consider the tax credit cuts until transitional arrangements are in place is not a fatal motion because it merely delays the cuts, rather than kills them.
They also note that the government chose to introduce the cuts via secondary legislation rather than a traditional finance bill which is automatically excluded from the Lords.
They insist they have every constitutional right to ask the government to think again and point to a resolution that peers backed in October 1994 "that this House affirms its unfettered freedom to vote on any subordinate legislation submitted for its consideration". They also argue that these cuts were not included in the Conservative manifesto and thus peers are not bound by the Salisbury-Addison convention under which they do not block the firm commitments of an incoming government.
Lady Meacher is equally clear. She believes her motion is a "nuisance but not fatal".
As for the officials and clerks in the House of Lords, they are rather caught in the middle.
They are clear that all the options open to peers on Monday are legitimate from a constitutional point of view. But they equally admit that all the options would have substantial political consequences.
So watch this space.
A dispute about tax credit cuts is transforming into a constitutional row. In the House of Commons today, the Tory MP Jacob Rees Mogg suggested that the government might consider creating more Conservative peers to get its way. And the prime minister did not entirely rule that option out.


The chair of the trust behind London's controversial Garden Bridge has urged the government not to axe the project, after a Newsnight investigation revealed a £20m hole in its finances.

Lord Davies said "it would be a tragedy if the government withdrew their support now".
The Department for Transport has agreed to £30m in public funds.
It is currently considering whether to extend its £15m underwriting of the bridge.
A further £30 million will come from Transport for London.
Speaking to Newsnight, Lord Davies said that delays to the project had increased its cost by £10m to £185m, and conceded that the trust had raised £15m less than previously claimed.
Having publically stated for over a year that fundraising was progressing well and the project was short of £30m, the trust have now confirmed that in fact a further £56m is still needed from private donors for the project to go ahead.
Newsnight has learned that several funders have pulled out over the last year, with the Garden Bridge Trust explaining that "last year a small number of pledges made by interested organisations did not progress to formal funding contracts".
Lord Davies also admitted that the bridge would not be completed until 2019, a year later than currently scheduled.
However, he insisted the project had "momentum" and that the trust was confident it could raise the outstanding funds. "This is an iconic project. It does sum up what's great about Britain."
The proposal for a new bridge over the Thames has been beset by controversy. Transport for London have conceded that the procurement process was neither as open or fair as it should have been.
The Garden Bridge was conceived of by the actress Joanna Lumley as a memorial to Princess Diana. It was championed by Boris Johnson as London mayor and by George Osborne as chancellor.
But Sadiq Khan, the current mayor of London, has said there can be no more support from Transport for London or the Greater London Authority beyond the £30m they are contributing. He also said he believes it would be more expensive to cancel the project than to continue.
The plan is for the bridge to run between Temple Underground Station and the South Bank, and for it to be covered in trees and shrubs.
The designer of the project, Thomas Heatherwick, defended the scheme, and said politics must not get in the way.
"Money has been spent to get this far. It is ready to go, and it is important that our society doesn't show that we suddenly have no confidence in ourselves... that we don't suddenly seem like, 'Yep, we've had a political turmoil, now we suddenly close up and we're just going to go backwards.'"
"There's all sorts of people who want to get their little agenda... How can it possibly be a bad thing to stitch the city together better, to create new public space that we have never had before, new views for all of us."
Mr Heatherwick told the BBC it was important that all sides "hold their nerve".


Dual citizens from Iraq, Iran, Syria and Sudan are protesting against a new US programme that restricts their travel.

Neysun Rouhani and his wife live in the UK. He's a concert pianist and piano teacher who travels to the US often, both for work and to visit family.
But once changes to the US visa waiver programme are implemented in 2016, he will be required to apply for a visa with an in-person interview at the US embassy in London.
"It makes my life more difficult. Right now I'm not sure the trip we have planned since five months ago will happen or not in January," he says.
The US Congress has passed a measure as part of a budget bill that will no longer allow citizens of 38 countries - including the UK -  who have either travelled to Iraq, Syria, Iran or Sudan in the past five years or are dual nationals of these states, to travel to the US without a visa.
The president signed the bill into law on Friday.
Rouhani, a dual citizen of the UK and Iran, will be affected. As a British citizen he could be eligible for a 10-year, multiple-entry visas for business and tourism  -  but not to perform. That, as before, requires a separate permit.
The move has angered European diplomats.
"If you're a terrorist, you don't have a great big Syria stamp in your passport - you have Turkey, for example. It's not going to catch the people who don't travel legitimately, it's going to target the people who do travel legitimately," an EU official told the BBC.
All European Union ambassadors of member states recently published an editorial arguing against the changes - an unprecedented occasion to see a unanimous agreement among all the representatives of the union, the official said.
The new legislation comes on the heels of the terrorist attacks in Paris last month that sparked fears of a similar act being carried out on American soil. This prompted lawmakers to take a look at tightening the borders, igniting national debate about refugees.
"If a terrorist has been to Iraq and Syria and wants to get to the US, they will likely go through Europe. That's the problem," said one congressional aide to the BBC. "Europe doesn't have a threat of foreign fighters coming from our country."
The legislation gained even more support after December 2, when a radicalised married couple - Tafsheen Malik and Syed Rizwan Farook - killed 14 and wounded 22 in San Bernardino, California.
Farook was a US citizen raised by Pakistani immigrant parents. He travelled to Saudi Arabia to meet his future wife, Malik, who grew up in Pakistan, in 2013. She was granted a K1 fiancee visa by the US Embassy in Pakistan after clearing a background check.
Though neither of the killers was a dual citizen, the attack led to renewed fears about the visa process. Modifications to the visa waiver bill in the House were added at the last minute to include not just people who had travelled to Iraq and Syria but also dual citizens and people who had visited countries that are US-designated state sponsors of terrorism - including Sudan and Iran.
Iranians living in the US say they are outraged that Iran is included on the list of barred countries, but countries where the San Bernardino attackers were born or travelled to are not.
"If the intent truly is to protect America from Isis and not target Iran and the nuclear deal, then why is Iran included but travel to Saudi Arabia and Pakistan is not? This makes no sense," says Trita Parsi of the National Iranian American Council, who has been leading the effort on Capitol Hill to fight this change.
Should the EU invoke reciprocity when their policy is reviewed in the spring, this could mean the same requirements for Iranian-Americans hoping to visit their families abroad.
Critics say the new rule will keep families apart.
"This legislation was ill conceived and targets ordinary people," says Navid Sadoughi, one of the members a Facebook group meant to spread awareness and rally against the bill. The page gained 70,000 members in its first three days.
A swath of this Iranian diaspora includes people who have citizenship to Iran but have not returned since the Islamic Revolution. Many say the process of actually renouncing citizenship and giving up a passport is quite complicated.
It is unclear how the new visa waiver programme changes will be implemented, a process which is led by the US Department of Homeland Security.
"We'll look at how the administration is going to implement this. There's always a bit of leeway, room for common sense," says one EU official.
But for those with dual passports, the message is discouraging. Amirali Pour Deihimi, an Australian architect who works on sustainable design, says the rule could keep him from attending conferences and seminars in the US.
"With global warming, we need to bring the world together, not separate it," he says.
He's visited the US in the past, but says he can't see making the effort in the future.


Almost every head teacher of a state secondary school in Surrey has signed a letter to the prime minister expressing their "vehement opposition" to plans for more grammar schools in England.

The heads say this "unprecedented" coalition reflects the "confusion" caused by plans to increase selection.
They say 95% of pupils in Surrey are already at good or outstanding schools.
The government says that providing more grammar school places would give extra opportunities for poorer pupils.
The letter sent to Theresa May and Education Secretary Justine Greening says that heads in Surrey are strongly opposed to creating a "selective, segregated, two-tier state funded system of education".
In a hard-hitting letter, they accuse ministers of creating "confusion and fragmentation" in England's school system, with a policy based on a "nostalgic and unrealistic vision of society".
The heads have told the prime minister that the current comprehensive system delivers high standards and that this will be put at risk by the return of a grammar system and selection by ability.
"It is impossible to have grammar schools without secondary modern schools or their equivalent," says the joint letter from head teachers.
The head teachers say that poorer pupils are under-represented in grammars and that there is no evidence of any positive impact on social mobility.
They also call on the prime minister to focus on real problems facing schools, which they say are "continuing funding cuts, an unassuaged and escalating recruitment crisis".
This is the latest example of head teachers exerting their collective influence - apart from the lobbying of their unions.
Every state school head teacher in West Sussex signed a joint letter to the prime minister warning that they could have to cut school hours because of a lack of funding.
The House of Commons education select committee will be carrying out an "evidence check" on Tuesday on plans to expand selection.
Committee chair, Neil Carmichael, said that since the plans for more grammars had been announced "the air has been thick with the sound of claims and counter-claims on the benefits and disadvantages of grammar schools".
He said that it would be important for MPs to "get underneath the rhetoric and examine the evidence".
The consultation on expanding selection will continue until next month.
A Department for Education spokeswoman said: "Grammar schools have a track record of closing the attainment gap between children on free school meals and their better-off classmates and 99% of grammar schools are rated good or outstanding.
"We want all children, whatever their background, to have access to an education that will unlock their talents. That's why we will scrap the ban on new grammar schools and make more good school places available, to more parents, in more parts of the country."
You can join the debate at the BBC's Family & Education News Facebook page.