"The time has come for real, genuine, radical political reform," Nigel Farage said after losing his bid to take Thanet South from the Conservatives.

The UKIP leader had increased his party's share of the vote in the seat by 27%, and nationally UKIP's vote share was up by 10 percentage points to a total of 3.9 million.
Still, the party won just one constituency under the UK's first-past-the-post voting system.
The Greens' ambitions were similarly thwarted: they won more than a million votes but just one seat.
The Electoral Reform Society, a campaign group, has modelled what would have happened under a proportional voting system that makes use of the D'Hondt method of converting votes to seats.
The Conservatives would have won 75 fewer seats but would still have been the largest party in the Commons. Labour too would have taken fewer seats.
The SNP's dramatic increase in seats of 50 would have been curtailed to 25.
But UKIP, the Lib Dems and the Greens would have fared much better.
UKIP would have been a force to be reckoned with in the Commons with 83 seats.
Mr Farage has not yet declared which of the many alternative voting systems he would favour, but any more proportional system would be likely to give him and other smaller parties a boost.
The contrasting fortunes of the different parties in Westminster under first past the post are made clear by looking at the number of votes won for each winning candidate.
UKIP required more than 100 times as many votes for its lone elected MP than the Conservatives did for each of theirs.
The scale of the above graph masks a shift in the figures for Westminster's two largest parties.
For the first time in at least 20 years, the number of votes cast for each elected Labour MP has overtaken the equivalent figure for the Conservatives.


Wakefield hooker Scott Moore and prop Andy Yates could face lengthy bans after being charged with Grade E offences by the Rugby Football League.

The pair have both been charged in the wake of the Yorkshire side's Challenge Cup win over Toulouse.
Moore, 28,  has been charged with gouging, while 26-year-old Yates faces a charge of dangerous contact.
If found guilty, they could be given suspensions of between four and eight matches.


The Cardiff Half Marathon is a 25,000 sell-out for the first time, organisers have confirmed.

Wales' largest mass participation race takes place around the capital's streets on Sunday, 1 October.
A spokesman for organiser Run4Wales said the number of entrants breaks last year's record of 22,000 runners.
Since its inception in 2003, it has become the UK's second largest event of its kind and last year participants raised Â£2.5m for charity.
This year's route starts outside Cardiff Castle and will take runners past Cardiff City Stadium to Penarth, before they cross to Cardiff Bay and complete a loop of Roath Park Lake.


Tomas Corrigan shone as Fermanagh beat Laois while Antrim stayed top of Division Four with victory over London.

Corrigan produced a superb display with a 1-11 tally in Fermanagh's comfortable 1-17 to 0-10 win in the Division two clash at Brewster Park.
The two points boost Fermanagh's prospects of avoiding relegation.
Antrim had a tougher test in Ruislip and Kevin O'Boyle's early goal proved decisive as they edged the Exiles to clinch a 1-11-0-11 victory.
The visitors were pushed hard by a determined London side, with the teams tied on three occasions, all in the second half, until Antrim pulled away with four of the final five scores to take a three-point win.
Media playback is not supported on this device
London bagged two early points but O'Boyle's goal handed Antrim a lead they wouldn't relinquish until the ninth minute of the second half.
Antrim led 1-5 to 0-7 at the interval before London seized control on the restart, but a string of black cards threaten to derail the quality of football on show.
McBride went for Antrim, while Cormac Coyle, Moyles and Adrian Hanlon were dismissed for the hosts - all in a 15-minute spell.
The sides were tied at 0-10 to 1-7 following Hanlon's dismissal with 11 minutes remaining.
Conor Murray took control with two impressive points from play, and Antrim stayed ahead until the end, with strong pressure on their defence late on, to remain unbeaten.
Corrigan confidently rifled the ball to the roof of the Laois net after 12 minutes and scored 1-8 in the first half in a great team display by Fermanagh.
With regular free-taker Sean Quigley suspended, Corrigan stepped up and converted seven out of nine kicks.
It was Fermanagh's 11th game in a row unbeaten at home and could go closer to securing their league status with a win over Ulster rivals Cavan next Saturday.
Fermanagh held a 1-10 to 0-4 advantage at half-time but the second half was a non-event, with Laois lethargic and disinterested.
Their manager Mick Lillis was sent to the stand by referee Marty Duffy early in the second half.
The hosts led 1-17 to 0-6 with eight minutes to go and took their foot off the gas, allowing Laois a mini reprieve and they kicked the last four points.
WEEKEND ALLIANZ FOOTBALL LEAGUE RESULTS
Sunday
Division 1
Roscommon 1-12 0-06 Down
Kerry 1-13 1-08 Donegal
Monaghan 1-12 2-11 Mayo
Division 2
Fermanagh 1-17 0-10 Laois
Galway 0-15 1-12 Meath
Division 3
Tipperary 2-11 0-12 Offaly
Kildare 1-11 1-10 Limerick
Clare 1-18 0-10 Westmeath
Sligo 2-09 1-17 Longford
Division 4
London 0-11 1-11 Antrim
Leitrim 0-16 2-09 Louth
Wicklow 0-14 0-17 Carlow
Saturday
Division 1
Dublin 2-14 2-10 Cork
Division 2
Cavan 3-18 0-10 Armagh
Tyrone 2-15 0-12 Derry
Division 4
Waterford 0-11 0-12 Wexford


Relatives of a man killed by a rubber bullet 40 years ago have written to the Attorney General asking for a fresh inquest into his death.

Thomas Friel was 21 when he was hit by a rubber bullet fired by a soldier in Creggan.
His family say the emergence of declassified military documents about the use of the weapon has thrown new light on the case.
The documents were found by the Pat Finucane Centre at the public records office in London.
According to the centre, one document, written in 1977, said a court case taken by Richard Moore, who was blinded as a child by a rubber bullet, would expose the problems with the bullets and make it harder for the MoD to fight future cases involving them.
The papers stated that further tests would reveal serious problems with the bullets, including that they were tested "in a shorter time than was ideal", that they "could be lethal" and that they "could and did cause serious injuries".
The MoD later settled the case with the Moore family, out of court, for Â£68,000.
Thomas Friel's family has said that the information in these documents may shed new light on Thomas's case.
His sister, Margaret Nash, has said it is important people know what happened.
"I felt disgusted when I heard the news about the rubber bullets," she told BBC Radio Foyle.
"When they knew that they weren't 100% safe then they shouldn't have used them. They knew they were going to use them on ordinary people.
"We have already had an enquiry by the Historical Enquiries Team but we will be asking for a new inquest.
"We need to get the truth one way or another not just for our family but for every family out there."
The solicitor for the family, Paddy McDermott, said that the Historical Enquiries team report said that Thomas was the victim of a rubber bullet.
"The information uncovered by the documents, combined with the HET report, gives us reason to ask for a fresh inquest."
Mr McDermott also told BBC Radio Foyle that the family had asked the Historical Enquiries Team to look again at Thomas's death.
"There was an open verdict in the original investigation so we hope this will bring the truth out," said Mr McDermott.


Sizing John won a thrilling Irish Gold Cup at Leopardstown for trainer Jessica Harrington.

The 100-30 second favourite, ridden by Robbie Power, held off runner-up Empire Of Dirt with Don Poli in third.
Sizing John was cut by bookmakers to around 12-1 from 25s for next month's Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Disko won the Flogas Novice chase for trainer Noel Meade from Our Duke with favourite Bellshill a tired late faller.
Bacardys, trained by Willie Mullins, wore down stablemate Bunk Off Early to claim the Deloitte Novice Hurdle.
Placed seven times behind Douvan, the seven-year-old Sizing John - formerly trained by Henry de Bromhead - relished the step up to three miles.
He prevailed by three-quarters of a length with the same distance back to third. Carlingford Lough, winner in 2015 and 2016, was fourth while More Of That fell in the closing stages.
BBC racing correspondent Cornelius Lysaght
No longer facing two-mile star Douvan, Sizing John is really thriving.
The question here was whether his stamina would last out on this first go at three miles, and even though it was not perhaps the most examining challenge of all time, he lasted it out very well, and jumped beautifully.
No decision on the Cheltenham Gold Cup, staged over a quarter-mile further, has been made, but on this evidence you'd be happy enough to take a chance.
Empire Of Dirt and Don Poli ran solid Aintree Grand National trials in second and third, as did Perfect Candidate at Exeter.


A man has been charged with the murder of a bomb disposal expert whose body has never been found.

Colin Gale, 39, from Worthing, is accused of murdering Mark Manning, 54, of Brighton Road, Lancing, who was last seen in April 2014.
Two other men who were arrested last year on suspicion of murder have been released without charge, police said.
Mr Gale, 39, of Offington Lane, appeared at Brighton Magistrates' Court.
He is due to appear at Lewes Crown Court on Friday.
Mr Manning's family reported him missing on 22 April 2014, and police launched a murder investigation two months later, even though extensive searches had failed to find his body.
Det Ch Insp Max Ashcroft, from the Surrey and Sussex Major Crime Team, said police were still keen to hear from anyone with information about Mr Manning's disappearance or whereabouts.


A French farmer has gone on trial over the killing of a suspected truffle thief on his land.

Laurent Rambaud, 37, says he felt threatened when he found Ernest Pardo, 42, and a dog while guarding his farm in south-eastern France in 2010.
He shot Mr Pardo, known to sell truffles at local markets, with two blasts from a pump-action shotgun.
Truffles are a prized delicacy in French cuisine, fetching up to $1,000 (£708) per kilogram (2.2 lb).
The killing, in the small town of Grignan, came days before Christmas, with the truffle harvest underway and demand for the luxury fungus at its peak.
With prices high, truffles have long been tempting for thieves - police have even resorted to micro-chipping batches as a deterrent.
Mr Rambaud is a well-known local figure, who has been president of his regional branch of Young Farmers, and worked as a volunteer firefighter.
"This is an ordinary man who committed an extraordinary act," the psychiatrist who examined him told the trial in Valence, Le Dauphine reported (in French).
The lawyer for Mr Pardo's family contested Mr Rambaud's version of events, saying "it's not normal to go in made-up, dressed in camouflage, armed to the teeth, and to fire twice", according to French newspaper 20 Minutes.
The charge against Mr Rambaud has been reduced from murder to manslaughter after the court decided the killing was not premeditated.
If convicted, Mr Rambaud faces 30 years in jail. The verdict is expected later this week.


Schoolchildren will perform their own work at this year's Proms.

Two special concerts at the Royal Albert Hall will see pupils perform their own response to 10 pieces of classic music.
The Ten Pieces project was announced last year as part of an initiative to inspire primary school children to learn more about classical music.
Each Prom will feature pupils playing music, as well as dance, film and animation.
The schoolchildren's work will run alongside the BBC National Orchestra of Wales, which will play the original 10 pieces of music, which include Mozart, Handel and Holst.
Blue Peter's Barney Harwood and children's TV presenters Dick and Dom will host the concerts on 18 and 19 July, the opening weekend of this year's Proms.
The Saturday concert will be broadcast live on BBC Radio 3, while the Sunday concert will be recorded for future broadcast on BBC Radio 2.
Last June, the BBC announced ten pieces of classical music aimed at inspiring schoolchildren to create their own works.
Since October 2014, some 8,500 primary school pupils have signed up to take part in the scheme, which offers musical workshops from local arts organisations as well as an online film about classical music, which has been seen by more than 120,000 children so far.
The schoolchildren are being invited to submit their "creative responses" to the music to the Ten Pieces website, as either films, audio recordings or images, by the end of March.
The full 2015 BBC Proms season will be announced in April.
John Adams: Short Ride in a Fast Machine
Beethoven: Symphony No. 5 (1st movement)
Britten: 'Storm' Interlude from Peter Grimes
Grieg: In the Hall of the Mountain King from Peer Gynt
Handel: Zadok the Priest
Holst: Mars from The Planets
Anna Meredith: Connect It
Mozart: Horn Concerto No. 4 (3rd movement)
Mussorgsky: A Night on the Bare Mountain
Stravinsky: The Firebird - suite (1911) (Finale)


Less than a year after India's first female fighter pilots took to the sky, the country's air force has taken aim at gender stereotypes.

A new video challenges the idea that women should be at home and not alongside their male counterparts in the air force.
It has been viewed more than 23,000 times on one YouTube channel alone.
In June 2016, the Indian Air Force inducted its first three female fighter pilots.
At the time, women made up just 2.5% of India's armed forces, working in mainly non-combat roles.


Thousands of Star Wars fans have gathered for a huge convention in Manchester.

4 December 2015 Last updated at 21:56 GMT
The Force Awakens, the latest instalment in the franchise, opens in cinemas later this month and crowds have converged to celebrate at Bowlers Exhibition Centre in Trafford Park.
The event, entitled For the Love of the Force, runs until Sunday.
BBC North West Tonight went along to find out more from organiser Carl Whiteley.


Gloucester have signed second row Joe Latta from New Zealand's Super Rugby champions, the Highlanders.

The 23-year-old made five appearances for the Dunedin-based franchise.
Director of rugby David Humphreys said: "Joe is a talented young player who is learning the game.
"Joe is English qualified which is important and is looking forward to testing himself in our environment, developing as a player and helping Gloucester move forward."
Gloucester have made an indifferent start to the new season, lying ninth in the Premiership table with two wins and two losses from their four matches.


A specialist cancer hospital in Greater Manchester is in breach of its licence to provide NHS services, the health regulator Monitor has said.

Monitor began an investigation into the running of The Christie NHS Foundation Trust on 8 March.
Stephen Hay, of Monitor, said it had found concerns over The Christie's governance.
But Mr Hay said there were no concerns about the care it provided. The Christie has declined to comment.
Mr Hay, managing director of provider regulation at Monitor, said: "The Christie is going through some serious difficulties and our investigation has found concerns with the way the board was operating."
He added: "Whilst we've no concerns about the care it provides, it is important to patients, taxpayers and staff that the trust be well-run."
The investigation into the trust followed the resignation in February of its chairman, Lord Bradley. Its chief executive, Caroline Shaw, has been under suspension since November as part of an internal disciplinary investigation, although Monitor said its inquiries did not involve any allegations relating to Ms Shaw.
Monitor has appointed Sir Hugh Taylor, chair of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, as interim chairman of The Christie.
It said that under the Health and Social Care Act 2012, it could require foundation trusts to make senior appointments if it considered them to be in the best interests of patients.
Earlier, Monitor said it was examining whether the trust had breached its licence to provide healthcare services by failing "the principles of good governance".
It said there were concerns that the board of the trust had "not adhered to the required corporate governance standards".
Although The Christie said it would not comment on Monitor's findings, it said it welcomed its new chairman.
In a statement the hospital said: "We are hopeful that Sir Hugh's appointment, along with his experience and expertise, will bring the ongoing situation to a swift and satisfactory resolution."
It added: "The trust and charity's activities continue to be delivered to the very highest standards, and patients, families and carers can be reassured that this situation in no way affects or compromises patient care."
Manchester Withington MP John Leech has previously described the situation as a "mess".
"My primary concern through all of this is to make sure patients come first," he said.
Kathryn Wood, 69, from Baguley, Wythenshawe, who was treated for cancer at The Christie, said the hospital was "wonderful".
"Without a shadow it saved my life," she said. "I can't praise the hospital or the staff enough."
The Christie, based in Withington, treats more than 40,000 patients a year.


An extra 68,000 teachers from black and minority ethnic (BME) backgrounds need to be recruited to reflect England's school population, figures show.

Just 13% of state-funded school's teachers are currently from a BME background, compared to 27% of pupils.
Teaching union, the NASUWT says ethnic minority teachers "face discrimination and prejudice when applying for jobs".
The government says there has been an increasing number of BME teachers joining the profession in recent years.
Department for Education (DfE) figures for 2016 show that of 510,000 state-funded teachers, 68,000 were drawn from an ethnic minority background.
Analysing the data, BBC News found the number of BME teachers would need to double to accurately reflect the ethnic make-up of the state school pupil population in England.
Ethnic minority teachers say young people from a similar background have historically preferred to enter other professions such as medicine or science.
"Teaching was never on my radar when I was younger," says Tayyab Ditta, a teacher in Leeds.
"A lack of BME teachers meant I had no role models so I never envisaged becoming a teacher. I remember seeing people from my community who'd become successful doctors or engineers but I never saw someone who was a teacher and that is a barrier we need to break down."
Janet Sheriff is the only BME secondary school head teacher in Leeds, an area where nearly 30% of children are from an ethnic minority.
"This is an enormous challenge for the whole education system. It's vitally important that as our communities become more multicultural our schools reflect the areas where our children grow up," she said.
"I do feel that when schools appoint teachers, there is an unconscious bias where white teachers are often the preferred candidate."
Government figures show the proportion of BME teachers in England rose from 11.6% in 2012, to 13.4% in 2016.
Despite the increase, a recent report from the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers (NASUWT) warned BME teachers still faced "deep-rooted, endemic and institutional racism".
Chris Keates, general secretary of the NASUWT, said: "BME teachers are, on average, paid less than their peers, commonly face discrimination and prejudice when applying for jobs.
"Schools and pupils are losing out on the talents and skills of BME teachers who are unable to advance their careers or who opt for a different profession due to the barriers being placed in their way. We cannot afford to continue to let this happen."
Analysing the government's data, BBC News found that only one local authority area in England has proportionally more teachers than pupils from an ethnic minority background.
In 2016, 4.7% of teachers in Halton, Cheshire, were BME compared to 4.5% of pupils.
The London borough of Westminster had the greatest imbalance with 37.9% of teachers being from an ethnic minority compared to 85% of pupils.
A spokesperson for the DfE said: "There has been a steady increase in the proportion of minority ethnic groups starting teacher training and in the teaching profession in recent years.
"We also provide a range of support to teachers from black and ethnic minority backgrounds such as the Leadership, Equality and Diversity Fund. This fund supports schools to increase the representation of BME teachers in senior leadership roles as well as providing coaching and mentoring for BME teachers."


Media regulator Ofcom has opened up bidding for operators to set up their own local TV services across the UK.

The new network will see up to 21 US-style local TV stations in areas including Belfast, Edinburgh, Cardiff and London.
The service will be available to all terrestrial viewers and may also be offered on satellite, cable and online.
Ofcom said it will decide on successful applicants this autumn, with the new channels expected to launch next year.
Licences will be awarded based on a set of criteria including the provision of local news and current affairs, programme proposals, launch date and commercial viability.
The 21 areas Ofcom have selected for local TV are: Belfast, Birmingham, Brighton & Hove, Bristol, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Grimsby, Leeds, Liverpool and London.
Manchester, Newcastle, Norwich, Nottingham, Oxford, Plymouth, Preston, Sheffield, Southampton and Swansea will also benefit from the service.
The areas were selected for having sufficient levels of interest from potential operators and being technically capable of receiving a local TV service.
The BBC Trust also published the final details of its funding contribution for the network.
As part of the current licence fee settlement, the BBC agreed to contribute up to Â£25 million for the successful bidder to build the network.
"I hope to see some really exciting bids for new local TV channels," UK Culture Secretary Jeremy Hunt said.
"Local TV will not only create jobs but it will also provide communities with news and content that is relevant to their daily lives."


The government's new divorce form - which invites the writer to "name and shame" - could lead to more people being accused of adultery, lawyers say.

The newly-designed form, used to apply for a divorce in England and Wales, asks for the name "of the person your spouse has committed adultery with".
Family lawyers say that, in most cases, involving a third party adds "conflict and complexity".
The Ministry of Justice said there was "no obligation" to name people.
Lawyer Margaret Heathcote, vice-chairwoman of family law group Resolution, is one of those concerned about the form.
"Generally speaking, we don't name the third party. It increases the conflict from day one," she said.
"There's no need. But because the box is there, the indication will be to fill it in."
The online form has been updated to make the legal process more user-friendly - especially as some complete the process without seeking legal advice.
The guidance on the form highlights that it is "not normally necessary" to name the person your spouse committed adultery with.
But Georgina Hamblin, director at divorce lawyers, Vardags, said people are "unlikely to read the much smaller print or choose to ignore it".
The older version of the form left a space for so-called "co-respondents" to be named where appropriate.
"The new form flatly asks for 'the name of the person your spouse has committed adultery with'," Ms Hamblin explained.
"This is an invitation which I fear most broken hearts will not be able to refuse."
If you name the person your husband or wife committed adultery with, they become part of the court case.
They will be sent copies of the paperwork and given a chance to respond. If they don't respond, proceedings may be delayed and could incur more costs.
According to the latest statistics, there were just over 100,000 divorces granted in England and Wales in 2015.
Adultery was the reason for 12,148 of them. "Unreasonable behaviour" accounted for 46,815.
Ms Hamblin said 80% of the new clients she deals with in matters of adultery "want to get the new partner involved and to have their chance to say what they think of them".
"But it puts the petitioner in a bad light. We have to talk clients down from doing that," she said.
"Judges take a very dim view of petitioners trying to bring in new partners and embroil them in proceedings."
When you apply for a divorce you must prove your marriage has broken down and give one of the following reasons:
Source: Gov.UK
A Ministry of Justice spokesman said: "It has always been possible for a petitioner to name the person they believe their spouse has committed adultery with on divorce application forms.
"As set out in the previous form, and more clearly in the new form, there is obviously no obligation to do so. This is a relevant part of divorce proceedings."


Manchester United striker Robin van Persie says Monday's FA Cup quarter-final replay against Chelsea will be affected by the fact it is both teams' second game in 48 hours.

Fixture congestion has resulted in the tie being scheduled for two days after Premier League fixtures.
"These games are just too close to each other," said Van Persie.
Third round: Southampton (a) 5-1
Fourth round: Brentford (a) 2-2
Fourth round replay: Brentford (h) 4-0
Fifth round: Middlesbrough (a) 2-0
Sixth round: Man Utd (a) 2-2
"People have to realise they can't expect a great game of football because it is not possible."
With Chelsea still involved in the Europa League and Uefa frowning on fixtures between England's top clubs taking place on days designated for the Champions League, the Football Association had little option but to arrange the replay for Monday.
On Saturday, Manchester United beat Sunderland 1-0 in a game that started two hours ahead of Chelsea's match at Southampton, which ended in a 2-1 defeat for Rafael Benitez's side.
"Normally on the second day your muscles are quite bad, but now we have to play at this certain time," added Van Persie, an FA Cup winner with Arsenal in 2004-05.
"It is a shame but we can't do anything about it because there are Champions League games in midweek and Chelsea are still in the Europa League.
Third round: West Ham (a) 2-2
Third round replay: West Ham (h) 1-0
Fourth round: Fulham (h) 4-1
Fifth round: Reading (h) 2-1
Sixth round: Chelsea (h) 2-2
Chelsea, who overcame Liverpool in the final to win the FA Cup last season, came from 2-0 down at Old Trafford on 10 March to force a replay.
Benitez made seven changes to his side at St Mary's Stadium, with David Luiz, Ashley Cole and Eden Hazard starting on the substitutes' bench ahead of the United replay.
The Spaniard bemoaned the need for his players to play two matches in the space of 48 hours.
"When you don't have one or two players you have to manage the squad," he said.
"The day after a game you feel tired, two days after you feel even more tired. That is the reality. The second day will be really tough for everyone."
The winners of the replay will meet Manchester City in the semi-finals.


Two former senior members of staff at a Lincolnshire schools academy group have been cleared of fraud charges.

Former Priory Federation chief executive Richard Gilliland, 64, was accused of misusing school credit cards to buy personal items and suppressing the results of a Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) check on his son.
The group's ex-finance director Stephen Davies, 58, faced three fraud charges.
The pair were found not guilty in a trial at Lincolnshire Crown Court.
The Priory Federation runs four schools in Lincoln and Grantham.
The trial previously heard Mr Gilliland bought items on school credit cards, including videos and condoms.
He said he was always owed money by the federation and used its credit cards to make his own purchases as "an off-setting exercise".
Mr Gilliland was also accused of suppressing the results of a CRB check so his son Kia Richardson - who had served a jail term for outraging public decency - could work at an equestrian centre run by the Priory.
He told the court colleagues were fully aware of his son's "troubled past".
Speaking after the trial, Mr Gilliland said: "It has been very hard to deal with, very emotional, but I am pleased with the result."
Mr Davies described the trial as "interesting", adding he was confident of the result as he had "done nothing wrong".


League One side Oxford United have signed Arsenal midfielder Dan Crowley on a season-long loan deal.

The 18-year-old is yet to feature for the Gunners' first team but made 13 appearances during a loan spell at Barnsley last season, scoring once.
"Seeing how young players flourish under the manager Michael Appleton was a massive part in my decision," the teenager told BBC Radio Oxford.
"Last season was a learning curve and I can't wait to get started."
Crowley becomes Oxford's fifth signing of the summer following their promotion from League Two.
U's boss Appleton hopes to add two more permanent signings before their pre-season tour of Spain, which starts next weekend.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


An app supported by the government is designed to make it easier to stay healthy, by letting you know exactly what is in your food.

Eating and drinking too much sugar can be bad for your health, but sometimes it's tricky to know exactly how much sugar is in the food we buy.
So now an app supported by the government in England, has been launched to help you work out what's in your food. You scan the item's barcode and it should tell you the amount of sugar in it.
Ricky went to meet some kids who have been keeping a close eye on what they eat.


Barclays is to cut about 1,200 jobs, most of them in its investment banking business in Asia.

The bank plans to close investment banking operations in several Asia Pacific countries,
The changes are the first big move by Barclays' new chief executive, James "Jes" Staley, to cut costs.
The move is part of Barclays' strategy to focus more narrowly on geographical areas where it sees the most growth, in particular the US and the UK.
Investment banking operations in Australia, South Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand will all be closed down, according to the latest decision, although it will offer services from other locations.
It will also cut its operation in Brazil and deal with those clients from New York and London, although banking services will still be provided locally.
Barclays is pulling out of Russia completely and clients there will be handled from London.
The shake-up means Barclays will get out of cash equity sales in some countries in Asia Pacific and elsewhere.
It is also looking at getting out of precious metals trading, in line with a strategic review announced in 2014.
At that time, the bank announced it would shed 19,000 jobs, 7,000 of them in investment banking. That process has now been been completed.
In its statement issued on Thursday, Barclays said it would continue to focus on its two home markets in the UK and US.
It said that in Asia, it would continue to act for clients from offices in China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan and India.
"With these actions, we are accelerating the Investment Bank strategy outlined in 2014, focusing on its core strengths and running the business for returns," said Mr Staley.
"We continue to build on the business's dual home markets in the UK and US and remain committed to a strong presence in Asia and EMEA [Europe, Middle East and Africa], consistent with operating a leading global investment bank within the Barclays group."


Putting a contactless payment card in a foil-lined wallet should prevent it being "read" by accident or fraud, a consumer body has said.

Contactless cards allow people to wave a card near a retailer's reader to pay without entering a four-digit Pin.
Researchers for consumer group Which? used a reader and decoding software to grab a card number and expiry date from cards, raising concern about theft.
But a card industry trade body said fraud levels on contactless were low.
The Which? researchers said they gathered enough detail to buy items, including a Â£3,000 TV, on the internet using these card details.
They said that although the risks were low, it would be possible for somebody standing very close to "lift" card details without the owner knowing.
However, wrapping the card in tin foil, or putting it in a foil-lined wallet would guard against this.
Richard Koch, head of policy at the UK Cards Association, said: "The method shown by Which? is not a new discovery and was first reported two years ago. However, any such technology can only obtain the card number and expiry date - information that has always been available simply by looking at the front of a card.
"The vast majority of online retailers require additional data such as the card security code, along with the cardholder's address, which cannot be harvested electronically. Any retailers that do not will do so at their own risk and will be liable for any fraudulent transactions."
Some retailers ask for other information, other than the three-digit security code on the back of a card.
"Instances of fraud on contactless cards are in fact extremely rare, with losses of less than a penny for every Â£100 spent on contactless - far lower even than overall card fraud," Mr Koch said.
He added that consumers were fully protected against any fraud losses on contactless cards and would never be left out of pocket.
Card providers should reimburse victims of contactless fraud, assuming victims acted reasonably to keep their card safe.
New technology is allowing consumers to use a smartphone or smartwatch to make tap-and-go payments.
Firms adopting the technology are also marketing it as being a more secure alternative to physical payment cards because of their use of a technique called "tokenization".
Apple Pay is based on the system, and both Google Pay and Samsung Pay are set to adopt it when they launch soon.
So how does it work?
In the case of Apple Pay, the US firm requires participating banks and payment networks involved to create two new elements:
The token and encryption key are installed into a dedicated chip on the devices, which their operating systems cannot access.
To authorise an in-store sale, the device's token and an associated cryptogram are transmitted via the contactless terminal to the payment provider, who checks they belong together.
Even if a thief did manage to intercept the information, they could not re-use the token without knowing a way to make new matching cryptograms.
This is similar to way banks protect their online accounts by issuing customers with card readers that generate time-limited codes.
Just as criminals are not able to access online accounts by typing in a user's membership number without a corresponding authentication code, so are they unable to use a stolen smartphone token without a related cryptogram.
Furthermore, there is no easy way to reverse-engineer a token to reveal the original payment card's details.
Even if Apple's own servers were hacked, it does not store the complete account number itself.


UK car production fell 11.2% in July compared with last year because of a change in holiday patterns, according to the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders.

The SMMT said the traditional annual shutdown started earlier at some vehicle plants.
The seasonal pause in production allows for maintenance and upgrades.
Despite the dip, Mike Hawes, SMMT's chief executive, said: "The industry remains in a strong position."
Last month, the trade association said the British car industry had had its best first half of a year since 2008.
More than 911,000 cars have been produced so far this year and domestic demand has grown by 8%.
In July, 9,274 UK commercial vehicles were built, increasing production by 46.3% in July, signalling a continued recovery in the sector.
It has seen production grow by a third this year.
Demand in the domestic market for commercial vehicles was particularly strong, up 137.6% compared with July 2014.
Mr Hawes said: "After a difficult year of regulatory upheaval, we're now seeing demand for British-built vans, trucks and buses bounce back, as fleet renewal patterns return to normal and the online delivery market continues to grow."


A Ukrainian pilot accused of killing two Russian journalists has vowed to go on hunger strike after being denied a closing statement at her trial.

Nadia Savchenko appeared furious after her statement was refused, despite 90 minutes remaining of what was expected to be her last full day in court.
Summing up, Ms Savchenko's lawyers described the case as a show trial.
She denies directing artillery fire from a Ukrainian volunteer battalion at the Russian journalists in June 2014.
Ms Savchenko has become a heroine in Ukraine where she is a symbol of the country's resistance against Russia. She regularly declared "Glory to Ukraine" to family and supporters in the court.
She was elected in absentia to Ukraine's parliament in September 2014, three months after she was captured by pro-Russian rebels.
The helicopter pilot was tried in a cramped courtroom in the small Russian town of Donetsk, close to the border with Ukraine.
Nadia Savchenko was clearly infuriated by this unexplained delay. She had been expecting to make her final statement and there was still plenty of time before the court closed.
Instead, the judges rose and rushed out. Their announcement of a break until 9 March was barely audible. From her courtroom cage, Ms Savchenko yelled that she was declaring a hunger strike. "Even if they kill me," she vowed in Ukrainian, "they won't break my spirit or the spirit of Ukraine."
She was still shouting about the lack of justice in Russia when journalists were ushered out by armed bailiffs in balaclavas. Outside the defence lawyers were equally stunned. One wondered whether the contents of her final speech had unnerved the court; another guessed at some kind of backroom deal between Moscow and Kiev over a prisoner swap.
Ms Savchenko's decision to call a hunger strike will add pressure to proceedings. She has already refused food twice before for long stretches. This time she has vowed to refuse water as well.
She faces 23 years in prison if found guilty.
Ms Savchenko appeared on Thursday dressed in a traditional embroidered Ukrainian blouse and watched proceedings from a wooden and metal cage.
Representatives from the embassies of Canada, Sweden and the EU are monitoring her trial, along with her younger sister, Vira, and a few friends.
The prosecution argues that it has proven her guilt in relation to the murders of two Russian state TV journalists during fighting in eastern Ukraine.
They say she acted as a spotter, deliberately directing mortar fire at the journalists out of "hatred" for all Russians.
She is also charged with the attempted murder of the team's cameraman - who was not injured - and illegally crossing the border into Russia.
Her defence argues that the evidence against her does not stack up. They say she was abducted by pro-Russian separatists, handed over to the Russian authorities and smuggled across the border by her captors.
Telephone records show she was captured before the journalists were killed, the defence argues.


Two managers of the taxi-ordering app Uber have been arrested in France.

A spokeswoman for the Paris prosecutor said they were in custody for questioning over "illicit activity".
Uber, which puts vetted drivers in touch with passengers, is unpopular with registered drivers in many cities because they tend to undercut prices.
A recent French taxi-drivers' strike turned violent. The US company is banned in some places, but it says it will keep operating in France.
Last week, France's interior minister ordered a ban on the low-cost car-sharing service UberPOP after a day of nationwide protests by taxi drivers.
Bernard Cazeneuve said the service was "illegal" and ordered police and prosecutors to enforce its closure.
Uber says it will stop operating if ordered to do so by a court.
Last week's protests saw US singer Courtney Love Cobain caught up in the unrest, which she compared with a war zone.
Taxi drivers complain Uber is stealing their livelihoods as its drivers do not have to pass the same tests, nor pay the same taxes, as more established taxi services.


It is sometimes easy in these incredible political times to forget that for most people "it's the economy, stupid" still holds true.

For the UK economy, one of the most important passages of Theresa May's speech yesterday was when she signalled that George Osborne's "fiscal rule" (to produce a budget surplus by 2020) was for the Treasury shredding machine.
"While it is absolutely vital that the government continues with its intention to reduce public spending and cut the budget deficit, we should no longer seek to reach a budget surplus by the end of the parliament," Mrs May said.
Now the chancellor has said he agrees, arguing that the government must be "realistic" about its fiscal targets and that austerity policies could be eased.
My Treasury sources point out that the "rule" can be varied in "non-normal" times.
And these are pretty "non-normal" times.
The abandonment of the fiscal target suggests the government could borrow more, presumably for investment in infrastructure and to mitigate the need for tax rises and spending cuts, if the economy does take a turn for the worse as some predict.
There are some interesting politics at work here as well.
Matt Hancock, the Cabinet Office minister, has backed Mrs May for the leadership.
He was formerly Mr Osborne's chief of staff and is about as close to the chancellor as it is possible to be.
Now Mr Osborne has backed Mrs May's fiscal position.
My sources insist the  chancellor has made no decision on whom to back in the leadership election, if he comes out for anyone at all.
But Westminster's rune readers will only be leaning in one direction.
Mr Osborne's tone on the fiscal rule is sharply different from that struck by David Cameron on Wednesday.
When the prime minister was asked by Jeremy Corbyn to abandon the fiscal rule, the Prime Minister said it was not necessary and that the confidence of investors need to be maintained.
Well, with government borrowing costs falling as investors seek out "safe haven" assets in an uncertain world, that argument has withered.
The developing position of Mrs May and Mr Osborne is backed by many economists, with the Institute for Fiscal Studies saying that it was the "only" route available.
Some go further, arguing the whole austerity programme should be brought to a halt.
Gerard Lyons, the leading Brexit economist and former advisor to Boris Johnson, told me that with borrowing rates at record lows, the government should be taking on more debt and investing in infrastructure projects.
He said that the move would boost economic growth, which is predicted to fall below 1% by many economists because of the uncertainty of Brexit.
"I think austerity should end," he told me.
"If the austerity is not working the economy is weak and it's quite clear that there are large parts of the UK economy that would benefit from increased public spending.
"More importantly, the UK economy will actually benefit from increased infrastructure investment because the real lesson of the referendum is we're distancing ourselves from the weak growth region of the world economy.
"To actually grow strongly in the globalised economy the UK needs to invest, innovate and have more infrastructure."
I asked Mr Lyons if investors would baulk at a government taking on more debt?
"I worked in the financial markets for 27 years and spoke to investors across the globe," he said.
"A key part of this is how the story is told.
"Higher infrastructure spending justified against the backdrop of very low interest rates will produce stronger economic growth and the stronger growth in itself will help the future public finances.
"It's like an individual, if an individual goes out and borrows on the credit card, that's bad, if an individual goes out and borrows for their mortgage that's good."


Work is starting on a long-awaited £40m retail and leisure complex in Merthyr Tydfil, set to create 400 jobs.

Trago Mills, which runs three stores in Cornwall and Devon, was granted planning permission in 1999 but work was stalled by several issues including access and land reclamation.
Now, work officially gets under way next to Cyfarthfa Retail Park on Friday.
The development is due to be completed by spring 2018.
It will include a new store, cafe and garden centre, as well as warehouse, offices and parking.
There are also plans to develop the site further with a petrol station and leisure facilities.
The company was founded in the 1960s by Mike Robertson, father of current chairman, Bruce Robertson.
He said: "Whilst rather later than anticipated, having first acquired the former Butterley Brickworks site in the mid-90s, we're delighted to be starting work on the Merthyr store.
"Once completed, our new store will be a bold and complementary addition to the thriving retail environment already existing at Cyfarthfa."


Almost 200 years ago Sir Walter Scott relied on herbs found near his home in Borders to counter health problems.

Journal entries record that he used "scalding fomentations of camomile flowers" to ease a stomach complaint.
This spring some of the world-renowned writer's favourite herbal remedies will be uncovered in a special foraging expedition.
It is part of a programme of events for two south of Scotland nature festivals, uniting to promote "wild food".
Organisers of the Dumfries and Galloway Wild Spring Festival and the Scottish Borders Nature Festival want to help festival goers safely experience the burgeoning revival in foraged food.
From April to June, they will be hosting events where people can learn more about the conservation of local food at its source.
Professional forager Ali Murfitt will lead the exploration of Abbotsford, which was once home of Sir Walter Scott, where there are now more than 200 species of flora.
She said: "Foraging inspired and helps people to love the nature on their doorsteps.
"It highlights how much wild land, habitat and plants we have lost (and are continuing to lose) and how important it is to get involved and support habitat restoration and conservation.
"If native trees are chopped down or ecological habitats destroyed, we lose and important and sustainable source of delicious and healthy gourmet ingredients, which are greatly valued by some of the UK's top chefs and mixologists."
The Dumfries and Galloway festival will run from 3 April until 5 May, while the Borders events will be held between 14 May and 13 June.


A former top spy in Germany has gone on trial on charges of tax evasion.

Werner Mauss, nicknamed the "German James Bond", is accused of hiding more than â‚¬15m ($17m, Â£13m) in offshore accounts.
He denies any wrongdoing and says the accounts were set up by intelligence agencies to fund secret operations.
Mr Mauss, 76, says on his website that as a spy he stopped a Mafia attempt to poison Pope Benedict and freed hostages held captive by Colombian rebels.
He also says he smashed more than 100 criminal groups.
Now prosecutors accuse Mr Mauss of placing large sums of undeclared funds in offshore accounts, including in the Bahamas.
The retired agent appeared in court wearing a navy parka with the hood pulled over his head.
He declined to make a statement on the first day of the trial.
His lawyers say he is unable to mount "a proper defence" because he is still bound by confidentiality agreements linked to his decades of undercover work.
Mr Mauss used more than 30 aliases, the Sueddeutsche Zeitung reports.
The court in Bochum, in the state of North Rhine Westphalia, has charged him under four of them, Werner Mauss, Dieter Koch, Claus Moellner, and Richard Nelson.
If found guilty, he could be jailed to up to 10 years in jail.


Hundreds of views on whether Scotland's Offensive Behaviour at Football Act should be repealed are to be considered by MSPs.

The legislation came into force in 2012 after the SNP used its then-majority to pass it, but a majority of MSPs now back a repeal of the law.
Labour MSP James Kelly has tabled a member's bill aimed at repeal, which is being studied by the justice committee.
More than 200 submissions from people and organisations were sent in.
Football fans' organisations and legal groups including the Law Society of Scotland raised concerns about the legislation in the consultation, while others spoke out against repeal.
The Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications (Scotland) Act was voted through in 2011, without any support from opposition parties. It aims to tackle sectarian behaviour around football matches and online, but opponents argue it is unnecessary in light of existing laws and unfairly targets football fans.
In November 2016, the Conservatives, Labour, the Greens and the Lib Dems - who all campaigned that year on Holyrood manifestos pledging opposition to the Act - united to urge the government to repeal.
Ministers argue that opposition groups have not put forward viable alternatives, and insist that repealing the bill would send the wrong message about the importance of tackling sectarianism.
More than 200 submissions from individuals and organisations were received by the justice committee, of which more than three quarters were in favour of repeal.
The Law Society of Scotland said it had "commended the intent of the bill to address the serious issues" involved, but said they "continue to be concerned about aspects of the Act".
They said that offensive behaviour covered by the Act "is likely to be caught by the substantive criminal law" already in existence, and said all 287 charges brought under Section One of the legislation in 2015-16 "could have been prosecuted under pre-existing legislation". On this basis, they said the legislation "has not been fundamental to tackling sectarianism".
The submission also said that repeal would not "leave a gap in the criminal law", and said the Act may in fact "have caused some confusion with particular reference to what type of behaviour is now considered offensive and unacceptable" - something that could lead to cases in the appeal courts seeking clarification.
Supporters Direct Scotland, recognised as the lead football fans' group by the game's managing bodies in Scotland, formally agreed with the proposal to repeal the bill, citing their own surveys of supporters - the majority of which backed repeal.
Their submission said there were "sufficient provisions within criminal law to prosecute offensive behaviour related to football" without the Act, arguing that it "targets and singles out football supporters".
The Glasgow Bar Association, meanwhile, argued that the legislation was poorly written, saying the definition of offensive behaviour was "unclear and broad", which had led to difficulties in implementation for the police and lawyers.
And civil liberties organisation Liberty said the Act "poses a threat to human rights", saying the provisions set out "extend the reach of the criminal law too far into the realm of free expression without offering meaningful additional protection".
However, others wrote in support of the legislation, or at least to oppose repealing it.
Victim Support Scotland agreed that "laws should be rational and enforceable", but they said there should be no repeal of the Act "unless there is a viable alternative to support victims of threatening communication and religious prejudice".
They said repeal of Section Six in particular - the section dealing with threatening communications - would "leave an unacceptable gap in Scottish legislative protection for victims of religious prejudice".
Glasgow Caledonian University law lecturer Andrew Tickell wrote in his submission that while he retained "significant concerns" about the legislation, with a review of hate crime legislation ongoing, proposals to repeal it would be "to take a sledgehammer to a task designed for the scalpel".
The Church of Scotland said it would be "wise to await the recommendations" of the review, led by Lord Bracadale. They also voiced concern that "repealing the Act without replacement would be a symbol that our elected representatives do not think that behaving offensively or sending threatening communications is problematic".
They added: "At a time of rising levels of anti-Semitism and Islamophobia, and where sectarianism remains a reality of life in Scotland, the wider implications for repeal should be taken into account."
And the Scottish Council of Jewish Communities said that repeal "would send exactly the wrong message", calling instead for the legislation to be extended, so that it relates to more areas than just football.


Brecon Mountain Rescue Team had 25% of its typical annual callouts in July and is set for its busiest year on record.

The team was set up in 1968 and usually has about 100 calls per year.
In July there were 23 - its busiest month on record - including calls for missing people, injured mountain bikers and unconscious walkers.
Deputy team leader Mark Jones said he believed it was linked to more people taking part in outdoor activities.
"The Storey Arms car park is visibly packed almost every day now, where it used to be on busy bank holidays or sunny days," he said.
"You can't deny there are more people out enjoying the outdoors and I think it must be that.
"We do analyse our statistics - generally, over the past 10 years, 60% of the people we are called to rescue and search for are local to the area in which they have become lost or injured."
As of 31 July, the team - made up of volunteers -  had received 74 callouts.


Simply being at the bottom of the social heap directly alters the body in ways that can damage health, a study at Duke University in the US suggests.

Monkey experiments showed low status alters the immune system in a way that raises the risk of heart disease, diabetes and mental health problems.
One expert said the findings were "terrifically applicable" to people.
The findings, in Science, had nothing to do with the unhealthy behaviours that are more common in poorer groups.
The gulf in life expectancy between the richest and poorest is huge - in the US it is more than a decade for women and 15 years for men.
Part of the explanation is that people from poorer backgrounds are more likely to have a worse lifestyle - including smoking, little exercise and diets containing junk food.
But the latest study goes further to show low status - with all of those other factors stripped out - still has an impact on the body.
Looking at 45 non-human primates allowed scientists to adjust only social status to assess its impact - something impossible to do in people.
The captive Rhesus monkeys - who were all female, unrelated and had never met before - were divided one-by-one into nine new groups of five.
The newest member nearly always ended up at the bottom of the social order and became "chronically stressed", received less grooming and more harassment from the other monkeys.
A detailed analysis of the monkeys' blood showed 1,600 differences in the activity levels of genes involved in running the immune system between those at the top and bottom.
It had the impact of making the immune system run too aggressively in those at the bottom. High levels of inflammation cause collateral damage to the body to increase the risk of other diseases.
Inflammation: A revolution in depression treatment?
One of the researchers, Dr Noah Snyder-Mackler, told the BBC News website: "It suggests there's something else, not just the behaviours of these individuals, that's leading to poor health.
"We know smoking, eating unhealthily and not exercising are bad for you - that puts the onus on the individual that it's their fault.
"Our message brings a positive counter to that - there are these other aspects of low status that are outside of the control of individuals that have negative effects on health."
Further experiments showed the immune system was not fixed and could be improved, or made worse, by mixing up the social rankings.
Sir Michael Marmot, one of the world's leading experts on health inequalities and based at University College London, said the findings were "extraordinarily interesting" and underpinned much of his own research.
He told the BBC News website: "This is hard science saying there's a plausible biological mechanism that results in clear differences depending where you are in the hierarchy.
"The gateway through which the social environment impacts health is the mind. Whether it is unhealthy behaviours or direct stress, the mind is crucial and this study is lending real credence to that."
While Rhesus macaques do form strict societies, they are far more simplistic that human ones.
But Prof Graham Rook, from University College London, told the BBC News website: "All the evidence is showing the findings are terrifically applicable to humans."
He pointed to evidence suggesting people at the bottom end up with worse health when the top gets richer, even if they themselves do not get any poorer.
He said: "It is something governments just don't understand; they think people at the bottom have got cars, have got TVs, so compared with people in India they're enormously wealthy.
"But that really isn't the point, they feel they are at the bottom of the heap."
Hierarchies are a fixture of society. However, the researchers believe more can be done to ease the health problems coming from being bottom of the pile.
Dr Snyder-Mackler said: "Status is always relative, but if we could flatten the slope so the differences between the highest and lowest weren't as much, or find ways to focus attention on lower social environments so they are not as 'crappy' we could mediate some of those consequences.
"It's a hard problem that might never be fixed, but it might be possible to make it less worse."
Follow James on Twitter.


Jimmy Calderwood saved two clubs from relegation and says Neil McCann must raise the spirits of the Dundee players.

McCann was appointed as Paul Hartley's successor last week, with the team sitting second bottom of the Scottish Premiership.
Calderwood guided Kilmarnock and Ross County to safety and believes man management is key.
"You've got to try to take the pressure off the players," Calderwood, 62, said.
Kilmarnock were the first to appoint Calderwood as a troubleshooter, bringing the former Aberdeen and Dunfermline manager in to succeed Jim Jefferies in January 2010, with the team second bottom of the top flight with 20 league games remaining.
Despite succeeding at Rugby Park, Calderwood was not appointed full-time and in February 2011 Ross County took him to Dingwall with the team second bottom of the second tier, then known as the First Division. Calderwood steered County to eighth place and safety.
Former Dundee, Hearts, Rangers and Scotland winger McCann has five games to try to move the Dens Park side out of the relegation play-off position, after a run of seven straight defeats resulted in Hartley's sacking.
"There's a certain pressure, obviously, and a lot of money involved," Calderwood said.
"It's very difficult, but the main thing is to try to keep them bubbly, lots of talking. It's no use them going in [with the attitude] 'aw no, here we go again'.
"There might have been times when you thought, 'I'm going to give him a rollicking', but that wouldn't work out. You would go up instead and say, 'is everything alright with you?' You would do a lot more talking than you would normally do.
"You try to keep them with a smile on their face, coming into training, making wee jokes - [assistant manager] Jimmy Nicholl was brilliant at it, so they weren't coming in with their heads down."
There have been other instances of Scottish clubs making appointments towards the end of the season to achieve safety, although not as late in the campaign as Dundee.
Kilmarnock brought Lee Clark to Rugby Park last season with the team third bottom of the Premiership table.
Clark's side finished in the relegation play-off place, but he oversaw a 4-1 aggregate victory against Falkirk across two legs to achieve safety.
The Englishman went seven games before winning his first match as Rugby Park manager, though, and Calderwood won only one of his first five games in charge of Killie. At Ross County, he drew his opening three games and won only one of his first seven, which illustrates that the appointment of a new manager does not always bring an immediate upturn in results.
This season, four Premiership clubs have changed manager during the season, with mixed results across their first five games.
Calderwood believes there is enough talent in the Dundee squad to steer the team to safety, with the bottom six sides now all facing each other in the remaining five games.
"It's not down to managers, it's down to the players," Calderwood said. "If you've got good people, okay you can have had a bad season, but you can still make it. You've just got to be as positive as you can be.
"If the players can take that on board, you hope they're going to be good enough and you can have the luck in the games."


Great Britain qualified for the Fed Cup World Group II play-offs with a 2-1 victory over Croatia.

The tie was decided in the final doubles contest, with Johanna Konta and Heather Watson beating Ana Konjuh and Darija Jurak 4-6 6-4 6-3.
Earlier, British number two Watson beat Donna Vekic 6-2 6-4 to give GB the lead in Tallinn, Estonia.
But leading Briton Konta lost 6-4 6-3 to Konjuh in the following singles match as the tie went to a decider.
Captain Anne Keothavong said she was "absolutely ecstatic" with her team's victory.
"It's been a real emotional rollercoaster, but the way the girls performed today and throughout the whole week, I'm just so proud of them," she said.
"It was so tight, everyone was on the edge of their seats. But they fought their hearts out and played with so much passion. I'm so proud of them."
Konta and Watson were broken twice in the opening three games of their doubles match as they lost the first set 6-4.
There was cause for concern when Australian Open quarter-finalist Konta needed treatment on her ankle early in the second set. But the world number 10 overcame the problem as the British pair levelled.
The opening four games of the deciding set went against serve before Konta and Watson secured the decisive break en route to victory.
Keothavong's team will now play one of the four losers from the World Group II matches.
BBC Radio 5 live tennis correspondent Russell Fuller
The first big selection decision of Keothavong's captaincy proved successful, as Konta and Watson recovered from a set down, and twice a break of serve down in the decider, to wrap up the tie.
Laura Robson and Jocelyn Rae were Britain's first-choice doubles pair in the group matches in Tallinn, but were asked to make way for the higher-ranked singles players.
Britain crave a first home Fed Cup tie for 24 years, but depending on what happens in other ties this weekend, could end up heading to Australia or Chinese Taipei in April.
The draw takes place on Tuesday.
This content will not work on your device, please check Javascript and cookies are enabled or update your browser
Unlike the men's team competition, the Davis Cup, which has a World Group of 16 nations, the Fed Cup divides its top teams into two groups of eight - World Group I and World Group II.
The 91 nations outside the top tiers are divided into three regional zones and Britain have one chance per year to escape - a format that hugely frustrated former captain Judy Murray.
The Europe/Africa Group I event, in Estonia, was made up of 14 teams divided into groups, with Poland, Croatia, Britain and Serbia the seeded nations.
Four group winners progressed to the promotion play-offs, with Britain one of the two nations to qualify for World Group II play-offs in April - which could see them given a home Fed Cup tie for the first time since 1993. Poland and Serbia are competing for the other place.
GB fell at the same stage in 2012 and 2013 - away ties in Sweden and Argentina - under the captaincy of Judy Murray.


In the past, relative prosperity in Wales came from iron, coal and heavy industry - but where will we make money and improve our economy in the future?

Doing innovative things with data and technology is often called the "digital economy" - this week we are looking at what is being done to grow it in Wales.
Here, Prof Tom Crick, a computer scientist at Cardiff Metropolitan University, asks whether our children are being taught sufficient digital skills.
In 2011, I was asked by BBC Wales to report on why ICT lessons needed to change in Wales.
Back then I was campaigning to change the curriculum. We should not just develop consumers of technology in schools, but challenge pupils to be makers and creators.
The Welsh Government agreed with the recommendations of the panel I co-chaired in 2013, and now changes are starting to be made.
Something called the Digital Competency Framework gives advice to schools and teachers on how to incorporate digital skills across all subjects.
It could be how to stay safe online, how to share information, how to research and evaluate sources or solve a problem with basic programming code.
When I visited Crickhowell High School in Powys recently, head teacher Jackie Parker told me they had been planning for teaching more digital skills for several years.
Students Jenni and Mali both told me about how they had used tablets and laptops from primary school and now in their first year of high school more and more.
It is great to see this progress and talk to a head who agreed that digital skills are every bit as important now as reading or writing.
But the aim is for all schools to be effectively using technology every day to help pupils solve real-world problems.
A group of assembly members has already raised concerns about converting the vision of this new curriculum into something tangible in the classroom.
So why are these skills so important?
Steve Jones runs a business in Cwmbran, Torfaen, which develops comparison websites.
He has an insurance industry background, but after jobs losses there he saw a gap in the market.
With so much data available from cars, drivers, phones and everywhere else in our lives, his business can create innovative new digital products and services.
But it can only do that with workers who are digitally-savvy - who can analyse data, write programs, interrogate sources.
He told me about the "big disparity" in terms of what his children are taught in school and what he feels they will need to work in a digitally-based business like his.
Some countries have been pushing high-value digital skills at all levels of education for a number of years.
Professor Judith Gal-Ezer, a computer scientist from The Open University of Israel, was part of the curriculum review in Israel some 20 years ago when it started to focus on digital skills.
She said: "We then called it the new curriculum for computer science in high school and it was a kind of breakthrough. Digital skills is not an issue. It's there everywhere in schools."
My own University, Cardiff Met, has just announced plans for a new school of technologies to develop digital media, data science, and design.
Other universities are also looking to link better with industry to develop digital skills too.
So yes, we are improving the education system, but we also need the high-value jobs for people to go into rather than move elsewhere.
Now, more than ever, we need a coherent and long-term commitment from the Welsh Government for "Digital Wales", from skills to infrastructure and the wider digital ecosystem.
Other countries have made their "digital pitch" â€” from Israel to South Korea to Estonia - all do innovative things with data and technology.
What will be the unique selling point here in Wales, so we can compete in and ultimately lead these high-value digital industries?
A Welsh Government spokesman said in response: "Wales is already the fastest growing digital economy outside London, with a tech sector that employs some 40,000 people and is worth over Â£8bn in turnover to the Welsh economy
"The Welsh Government has invested in digital infrastructure to underpin this growth, with Superfast Cymru enabling over 630,000 premises throughout Wales to gain access superfast broadband."
He added: "We are also investing in future generations through exciting projects such as the National Software Academy, which uniquely brings business in to the classroom."


The UK's state pension is one of the least generous in the world, according to a report from an international think tank.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) said that only two OECD countries pay poorer pensions.
Those countries are Mexico and Chile.
Meanwhile countries like Turkey, Russia and Greece pay significantly bigger retirement incomes, according to the report, Pensions at a Glance 2015.
The study compared pension income to the salaries that people earned while they were working.
For those earning an average salary in the UK, it found that the so-called replacement rate was 38.3.
In other words, typical pensioners earn just over a third of what they do when working.
Out of 34 OECD members, 31 countries have more generous public pensions than the UK, the figures suggest.
"This analysis makes embarrassing reading for the politicians who have been responsible for the UK's pensions over the past 25 years," said Tom McPhail, the head of retirement policy at Hargreaves Lansdown.
"The state pension was in steady decline for years and even now, is improving for lower earners but average payouts will not be rising."
The basic state pension is currently worth £115.95, but will rise to £119.30 in April 2016, as a result of the triple-lock.
That means that pensions rise by whatever is highest - earnings, inflation or 2.5%.
From April, those on the new flat-rate pension will be able to get up to £155.65, but they will need to have 35 years of National Insurance Contributions(NICs) to claim the full amount.
However, when private and workplace pensions are taken into account, the UK scores much better.
Based on average salaries, the UK comes 15th out of 34 OECD countries for generosity.
The UK's replacement rate for all types of pension is 71.1 - in other words retirees earn 71% of their previous incomes, after tax.
In this respect, pensioners in the UK are better off than their peers in France (67.7) and Germany (64.7).


Two men have been arrested on suspicion of grievous bodily harm with intent after a confrontation in west Belfast.

A number of people were reported to be using weapons in an attack on the Andersonstown Road at about 18:15 GMT.
Three men were injured and are in a stable condition in hospital.
One eyewitness said hurling sticks and hammers were being used as weapons.
The arrested men are also suspected of possession of an offensive weapon.
The eyewitness said: "They were just beating each other and they had each other down on the ground.
"All you could see was the blood everywhere. It was terrifying to see."


Cardiff council is proposing to cut its four waste recycling centres to two as a way to boost recycling rates.

It is consulting on plans to expand its bases at Bessemer Close, Leckwith, and Wedal Road, Roath, into recycling "super sites".
The other premises at Lamby Way and Waungron Road would close.
A report says 80% of current waste could be recycled and that the changes would provide more staff to encourage this, as well as saving £300,000.
The proposal comes as Cardiff council faces an overall budget shortfall of £50m in 2014/15.
The local authority says its four sites, which are free to use and open seven days a week, are running at only 50% capacity.
The Bessemer Close plant is the least used at only 29% while the existing Wedal Road plant is running at almost full capacity.
The proposed new Wedal Road super site would back on to the existing recycling centre and would open in the autumn of this year.
Cardiff's four current sites take recycling, composting and waste materials from householders but not from businesses.
The report putting the reduction proposals out for consultation claims up to 80% of the waste dumped by householders could be recycled.
It says the changes would "improve the customer experience with additional staff at the new super sites to help visitors recycle more of their waste".
The drive to increase the rate of recycling comes as the council strives to reach the Welsh government's recycling target of 58% by 2015 or face fines of up to £200,000 on each percentage shortfall.
Cardiff's recycling rate is currently 52%.
The council's cabinet has put forward proposals for £4.9m of cuts to help bridge a £50m budget shortfall for 2014/15.
Under the plans some staff's working hours would be cut by an hour per week and senior managers pay cut by 2.7%.


Is there light at the end of the tunnel for Shell?

That is what the Anglo-Dutch oil giant would want to see as its first quarter profits fell by a notable 56% to $3.2bn. The $7.3bn earned in the same quarter a year ago seems a distant memory, which was before the big oil plunge that began last summer.
The earnings would have been worse if not for an increase in profits from downstream refining and trading, which rose to $2.6bn from $1.6bn last year. It helped Shell to generate figures that were better than analysts' predictions, which was that profits would fall to $2.5bn or so. After all, oil and gas production earnings fell dramatically to just $675m from $5.7bn.
This is a similar to what BP and Total have reported - downstream earnings cushioning the impact from a significant drop in earnings from production. The factors at play are familiar ones. There's greater supply in the US which has not been offset by Opec. Plus, weaker global economic growth and therefore demand have contributed to oil prices dropping from more than $115 per barrel last summer. However, having dipped below $50 a barrel in January, they have recovered to about $66 now, which is the highest this year.
That's where there are some signs of stabilising oil prices. But, I should stress, there are more signs of volatility than stability and here's why.
Brent crude has rallied in the past month and even approximates a bull market.
Oil prices have risen by about 20% since the middle of March from less than $55 per barrel to $66 at present. It helped the eurozone escape deflation in April with the annual inflation rate hitting 0%, up  from -0.1% in March.
But it's not the only surge by oil price rises this year. Prices rose from just over $50 per barrel by around $10 between mid-January and mid-February only to fall again in March.
So there is likely to be continued volatility while the sector adjusts.
And that is indeed what the oil majors are doing. Cutting investment by billions in places like Africa and Qatar, selling assets, and reducing costs are among the measures being taken by Shell, Total, and others. Also, the number of oil rigs has fallen by more than half in the US and shale producers are now focusing on the most productive sites. There's also the response from Opec, which is closely monitored, particularly as the landscape shifts around Iran.
The International Energy Agency sees the outlook for oil prices as getting "murkier" while the global oil market adjusts.
One example of the divide in opinion is seen in markets. Hedge funds have placed a big bet on an oil rally, while oil producers have rushed to lock in contracts to protect against future price falls.
For Shell in any case, they are moving ahead with their takeover of BG Group for Â£47bn that I've written about before. So, at least one trend appears to be intact, which is the move to consolidate. It suggests that oil majors will be a big part of a year that's shaping up to be one characterised by mega mergers. At the end of that particular tunnel, Shell and the rest of the oil industry could look very different by the end of the year.


When Newport County threw a teenage Michael Flynn out of their youth academy for defying club rules, he feared he would spend his life doing his part time job, stacking shelves in the local supermarket.

400 Football League games later, however, Flynn will lead the Exiles to Crewe Alexandra at the weekend as their manager after the sacking of Graham Westley, albeit with the club teetering on the edge of being relegated back to non-league.
But the wilderness of the non-league scene is exactly where the lifelong association between Flynn and Newport begun.
Given a reprieve by manager Tim Harris and a chance with the first team after his youth team axing, Flynn also found employment as a postman.
Thanks to his form with the Exiles, a nickname earned rather than chosen after years spent out of the city as a reformed club without a home, Flynn impressed as a midfielder with an eye for goal. In the non-league pyramid at least, this postman did always deliver.
A switch to full time football was the dream, achieved with a transfer to Barry Town, a move that changed the course of Flynn's life.
There was to be no future in shelf stacking or letter delivering for Flynn after joining the full time Welsh Premier League side, as he went on to make over 400 Football League appearances for the likes of Gillingham, Wigan and Bradford City.
He returned to his first club and first love Newport County five years ago, helping to steer them to a promotion 25 years in the making.
Flynn was 'heartbroken' when the club released him as Terry Butcher axed 11 players, after Newport's millionaire chairman Les Scadding opted to walk away from the club.
He soon returned when the Supporters' Trust succeeded Scadding, working in various roles including as a club ambassador, in marketing, and as a first team coach.
He even found time to get in a few games for Welsh League third-tier side Undy, so it was no surprise this season when Flynn came out of retirement to help the beleaguered Exiles.
Flynn's career at County, and in football, was almost over before it started.
"I got kicked out of the youth team. The youth team manager Glyn Jones asked me what I had done at the weekend and I said I had played for Pill. He said 'I know, I saw in the local paper you scored a hat-trick.' So he kicked me out for breaking his rules," he recalls.
"I went away crying, it killed me. But the next day Tim Harris rang me and said 'come and train with the first team.' I had just started working as a postman and I had been stacking shelves in Tesco. so it was a relief.
"I earned a contract though and then a move to Barry, which meant I went full time.
"But I always looked out for Newport, for my entire career and I played over 400 games in the Football League.
"It was hard to leave the club and the city. I had to do it to better my career, to better my life."
Flynn, generally a bubbly and talkative character, struggles to express how he feels about his hometown club.
"It is really difficult to put it into words what it means to me, it is everything," he said.
"It is the togetherness of the city, the good days, the bad times, throughout the years. We have seen the fans of this club come together and drag it back to where it came from again.
"The enjoyment on children's faces when they come to games, seeing them being part of it and become the future fans of the coming years.
"The club for me is everything, it is a lot more than just football. And I think every fan around the country who supports their team will understand what I mean.
"I want my kids to see me do well for Newport, I am a Newport boy and seeing this club be successful is everything I want."
Flynn says the task of keeping Newport in the Football League is not impossible, even though they are 11 points adrift with just 12 games remaining.
"It is not impossible, it is going to be hard, it is going to be tough, I am not going to dress it up as something it isn't, but we will keep fighting," he said.
"We will keep going until the end as that is what the fans of this club deserve. The players will be under no illusion about what this means to the fans, to the club and to their careers. Nothing is impossible."


It is crucial Wales has access to the EU digital single market, a former Welsh Government technology boss has said

The Welsh digital economy is worth Â£8bn and employs 40,000 people.
David Warrender, former director of Digital Wales, said it was vital firms could "trade in the same way" as other European nations.
But other Welsh technology executives believe the market outside Europe is more important.
Mr Warrender is now the CEO of Innovation Point, which matches digital businesses with investors.
"Like the rest of the Brexit negotiations, we need to make sure that we are able to access that digital single market," he said.
"I think it's pretty crucial, we need to be part of it.
"If we're not we've got to get on with exporting elsewhere. In many ways for digital businesses, proximity is actually slightly less important than it is for some."
Last year, a report said Wales had the fastest-growing digital economy outside London.
In May 2015, the EU Commission announced a strategy for the EU digital single market, which will introduce laws on issues, such as cross border e-commerce and copyright.
Economy Secretary Ken Skates said Wales was not far behind some of the world's most-developed digital nations, but agreed with Mr Warrender it was very important Welsh businesses had access to the EU's digital single market.
However, Denise Powell, Open Innovation Manager at IQE which makes semi-conductors in Cardiff, said Brexit will not affect business, as many of its products are sold beyond the European Union.
IQE is working with the Welsh Government to attract global businesses to create Europe's first compound semi-conductor cluster and Mrs Powell believes it could lead to thousands of jobs.
"I suspect that Brexit will not have a strong impact on the cluster, because compound semi-conductor technologies are global," she said.
"Some early figures suggest that we could certainly start to build a cluster that could attract in the region of 5,000 jobs," she added.


The family of a millionaire businessman "are sure" he was killed for his money by his Ukrainian wife, an inquest has heard.

Barry Pring, 47, was killed by a speeding car as he tried to hail a taxi on the hard shoulder of a dual carriageway in Kiev in 2008.
His wife, Ganna Ziuzina, had returned to a restaurant for a missing glove.
The coroner at Exeter County Hall, Dr Elizabeth Earland, recorded a verdict of unlawful killing.
More on the millionaire 'murdered' by his wife, and other news
She said: "His guard was lowered by inebriation. The car had stolen licence plates and did not brake or stop.
"I am satisfied that having heard all the evidence... much of it circumstantial, nevertheless, in my view it is overwhelming.
"I am satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that Barry John Pring has been unlawfully killed."
She said the case demonstrated the difficulty in investigating a case of a death abroad, adding: "Our thoughts and condolences must go to the family who have endured years and years of distress and unhappiness."
Close friend Peter Clifford, a lawyer, told the inquest he had "no reasonable doubt" that Barry was murdered.
Ms Ziuzina, known as Anna, was 19 years younger than her husband. She tried to claim his assets within days of his death.
His family believe he was killed in a staged hit and run accident.
The couple met online in 2006 and were married in 2007 following a four-day engagement.
Mr Pring's mother, Irene Pring, said Ms Ziuzina claimed to be a teacher when the pair first met, but she was in fact a lap dancer and stripper.
She said: "We are sure Anna had some involvement in his death to inherit his money and property.
"I was quite surprised how cold she was with Barry. She did not lift a finger, she was a lazy thing."
The inquest heard Ms Ziuzina sold her husband's Range Rover, contents from his flat and moved funds from his bank account.
The hearing was also told she was "entitled to the first Â£200,000 of his estate" and that computer records revealed "she was having an affair with a Ukrainian man".
Greater Devon coroner Dr Elizabeth Earland said "strenuous attempts" had been made to get her to attend the inquest, but without success.
In a statement, Ms Ziuzina said she had made "three separate statements to Ukrainian police" and did not believe she could "add anything further".
Det Con Jonathan Watts, from Devon and Cornwall Police, said Mr Pring was hit by a car with no lights, speeding at 75mph.
He also said witnesses at the scene in Kiev described the killing "as a deliberate act".
The Ukrainian police closed an inquiry into his death, but relaunched it in 2011 as a murder inquiry. The case is still active "but not actively pursued".


The trial of an Israeli soldier charged with manslaughter after killing a wounded Palestinian attacker has opened at a military court in Jaffa.

Sgt Elor Azaria, 19, shot Abdul Fatah al-Sharif in the head while the 21-year-old was apparently incapacitated in Hebron, in the West Bank, in March.
The soldier denies violating the Israeli military's rules of engagement without operational justification.
The incident, which was caught on video, has divided opinion in Israel.
Human rights groups say Sgt Azaria carried out an extra-judicial killing, while thousands of people who believe he did nothing wrong attended rallies in support of him last month.
Sgt Azaria sat on a bench inside the courtroom as his trial began on Monday morning with the head of the three-judge panel reading out the indictment.
"The truth will come out. The path will be long. We will endure," said Binyamin Malka, a member of the soldier's defence team.
In their indictment, prosecutors said Sgt Azaria "violated the rules of engagement without operational justification as the terrorist was lying on the ground wounded and represented no immediate threat for the accused or others who were present".
Sharif and another Palestinian, Ramzi Aziz al-Qasrawi, stabbed and wounded an Israeli soldier in Hebron, in the occupied West Bank, on 24 March before troops opened fire on them, wounding Sharif and killing Qasrawi.
Footage of the scene several minutes later, filmed by a Palestinian nearby and released by an Israeli human rights group, shows Sharif alive.
A soldier, identified as Sgt Azaria, is then seen cocking his rifle and fatally shooting Sharif from several metres away.
Afterwards, Sgt Azaria told Israeli military police: "When I looked at him I saw that he was moving his head, and his hand was within reach of the knife he used in the stabbing - the black knife. He moved his hand towards the knife."
He also said that he had feared that Sharif was wearing an explosive vest.
However, army investigators said that before he opened fire, Sgt Azaria had told a comrade that the wounded man "deserved to die" for stabbing his friend.
And on Sunday night, Israeli Channel 2 television broadcast a new video of the incident that appeared to show the knife mentioned by Sgt Azaria in his police statement was at least 1m (3ft) away from Sharif.
Since October, 29 Israelis have been killed in stabbings, shootings or car-rammings by Palestinians or Israeli Arabs.
About 200 Palestinians - mostly attackers, Israel says - have also been killed in that time.
The assailants who have been killed have either been shot dead by their victims or security forces as they carried out attacks. Some attackers have been arrested. Other Palestinians have been killed in clashes with Israeli troops.


The Welsh Government should investigate whether to give Welsh NHS staff priority treatment due to high sickness levels, the Conservatives have said.

Some 5.3% of Welsh NHS staff were absent from January to March 2016, down from 5.6% in the same period in 2015.
The ambulance service recorded the highest absence levels - remaining at 7.8% in both sets of statistics.
Ministers said sickness absence rates had fallen, but they were "not averse" to considering the Tory suggestion.
The Conservatives said the data showed each NHS employee losing the equivalent of one working day a month to sickness.
Welsh Conservative health spokeswoman Angela Burns said staff were "bearing the brunt of an NHS creaking at the seams" due to poor funding, understaffing, a lack of integration between health and social service and "ever-rising demand".
"The Labour-led Welsh Government needs to up their investment in frontline services and take urgent action to improve recruitment and retention initiatives," Ms Burns said.
She also suggested a "feasibility study into prioritising treatment for NHS staff, particularly those suffering from chronic orthopaedic and skeletal conditions".
"The quicker their problems can be addressed, the sooner they can get back to work. The NHS cannot be healthy without a healthy workforce," Ms Burns added.
The Welsh Government said its health budget was larger than ever, with health and social services receiving an extra Â£1.1bn over the last two years.
A spokesman added:  "We're not averse to considering whether treatment could be prioritised for NHS staff, however it's important to recognise the sickness absence rate in the NHS in Wales has decreased when compared to the same period the previous year.
"NHS Wales is taking action to support staff and reduce sickness rates, this includes participating in our corporate health standard initiative, which aims to develop healthy workplaces and promote the health and well-being of staff."


A £43m project to revitalise a Scottish town badly hit by the economic recession has won a prestigious award in a ceremony on Thursday.

Judges in the annual SURF awards said they were impressed with the regeneration of Kilmarnock town centre.
The awards, presented by Social Justice Secretary, Alex Neil, are for regeneration initiatives.
They ranged from small community-based schemes to multi-million pound town centre developments.
The judges said: "East Ayrshire council's holistic urban development plan has created a vibrant town centre for Kilmarnock with restored historic buildings and positive developments in retail, culture, education, housing and tourism."
Among the improvements the local authority has made was the renovation of the Palace Theatre and investment in the repair and refurbishment of properties in Bank Street, a mediaeval thoroughfare in the centre of the town.
It has also relocated council offices in formerly derelict buildings such as the Johnnie Walker whisky bond and the Opera House.
Councillor Jim Buchanan, East Ayrshire's cabinet member for economy said: "It's important we keep the retailers in the town, and try to attract new retailers.
"That's why we moved out council staff into the town centre, into refurbished buildings where they can spend their lunchtime pounds in the town and help the retailers."
Kilmarnock railway station has also undergone regeneration with seven rooms, unoccupied for around 40 years now home to community enterprises including a book shop, café and electric bike hire.
Richard Carr, chairman of the Kilmarnock Station Railway Heritage Trust, said it has brought life back to a building in the centre of the town.
"It's all part of the process of bringing regeneration back to Kilmarnock.
"Obviously it is an industrial town, seen better days. and there've been tough times in recent years.
"But the council have put a lot of effort in behind it, and we're supportive of what's happened and to make the station a focal point for the town as well."
The SURF awards, which have been presented since 1998, are designed to promote the most effective initiatives designed to tackle physical, social and economic challenges in disadvantaged communities throughout Scotland.
Andy Milne, chief executive of SURF - Scotland's independent regeneration network - said it was important town centres had new life breathed into them.
"Towns are still home to more than half of Scotland's population, but over recent decades they have suffered degeneration in a lot of different ways; Firms moving out, transport disconnections, changing employment patterns.
"Towns are the place of business of living, of meaning for the people around that whole area.
"So it's important that the centres work successfully, both as business centres, but also as places for people to gather and meet with each other and exchange ideas."
The other award winners announced at Glasgow's Radisson Hotel were:


"You gotta roll with it," blares out Liam Gallagher as the Oasis hit combines with the rain  thundering onto the roof of Manchester City's indoor academy pitch.

The racket threatens to drown out coach Simon Davies.
The City Under-21 assistant coach is using digital technology to explain to a bunch of slightly unfit reporters how he wants a coaching drill involving the use of overlapping players to develop.
And just as Mr Davies successfully cuts through the surrounding noise, so the club is attempting to cut through the increasing business "noise" - all the playing and supporter data it is endlessly accumulating and managing.
The club, which has been at the forefront of data analytics, has signed a new deal to help it make sense of all this data.
The City Football Group (CFG), which comprises Manchester City, New York City, Melbourne City and Yokohama Marinos, has entered into a global, multi-year marketing and technology partnership with German software giant, SAP.
"The intersection between sport and technology might change the landscape about what we do in the future," says Ferran Soriano, chief executive of both Man City and CFG.
At the more prosaic - but financially important - level, CFG says the SAP deal means it will be able to operate more interactively as a global football business.
All four clubs will be "speaking the same business language" by using the same systems, and swapping best practice when it comes to marketing, for example, as well as enabling the quartet to stay efficiently inter-connected.
However, on the more visionary, and, as Mr Soriano says, "emotional" fronts, CFG believes the SAP tie-up will be of huge value in revolutionising both their playing and fan operations.
All Premier League clubs have data analysts, as do many in the lower divisions, with stats crunched on everything from the distance covered by a player in a game to the number of crosses played with either foot.
In fact, every step on the pitch is monitored now.
Similarly, away from match day, thousands of hours of training data is accumulated, while injury, dietary, sleep and medical data is also harvested and studied.
Assisted by SAP, which worked with the successful German 2014 World Cup-winning squad, the teams will use the insights derived from this data to produce everything from individual player coaching and training programmes, to tactics tailored to counter each opposition team.
But CFG, which is owned by the Abu Dhabi United Group, believes that all this sports data could eventually be condensed and a whole whole new way of playing emerge.
"Technology will allow us to play better football," says Mr Soriano, who formerly worked at Spanish giant Barcelona.
"We are going to work together in finding new ways of understanding the game, and designing a better game to help us win."
That vision of creating a new way of playing - a new Total Football or tiki-taka for the future - is shared by colleague and former player, Brian Marwood.
He won a league title with Arsenal in 1988/89, and is managing director of the football group's City Football Services. He oversees the recruitment, development, training and management of hundreds of players in Manchester and at other global training centres.
"We have a great opportunity to lead in football, and are searching for the next trend. which will keep us ahead of everyone else," says Mr Marwood.
"We have got a team of people trying to find out what the next 10 to 20 years of football will look like. We want to be ahead of the game."
To that end, a research and innovation group for all four clubs is being created.
Another major goal is to use data to enhance the fan experience.
CFG believes that with SAP's assistance they can change the way supporters of the group's four teams access and consume football data.
Tom Glick, president of New York City FC says that CFG will be looking to enhance the viewing experience of fans, whether "glued to the action" at the stadium, or sitting at home watching on TV.
"The task of finding new ways to get this information to the fans starts now," he says. "We will be asking them what additional information and data about the game and players they would look to see - what is important to them."
The first innovation in this area will be a large digital statistics wall installed at Man City's Etihad Stadium from next season, which will show player and match statistics from the previous game.
"I can see the attraction in providing supporters with access to match data, particularly among the younger tech-aware generation in their teens and twenties," says Kevin Parker, secretary of the Man City supporters club.
"We have all got an opinion on how our players are playing during a game and whether a particular player - for example Fernandinho - has worked as hard or not as it appears to fans at the game," he says.
"Or you can confirm whether David Silva or Yaya Toure have played those key passes that you thought they had. That can all add to the whole spectacle and enjoyment of the game, and provide talking points."
But he warns that "some of the more vociferous elements at a match might get on a player's back" if their match data was not impressive.
He also says data overload might be a danger, particularly if chewing over match statistics at home overshadows the experience of attending a game in the flesh.
"Any data has to be handled and presented in the right way," he says.
Meanwhile, the next step in enhancing that data collection for the group of clubs will be this October, when Melbourne City FC take to wearing player monitors during Australian league games.
"We believe we are doing something that has never been done before, around the world," says group chief executive Soriano of the tech route ahead.
"We have to take risks, innovate, make mistakes."