Kenya has confirmed that a switch-off of counterfeit mobile phones will take place at the end of the month.

In addition, networks will be forbidden from activating new "fake" devices bought after 1 October.
Government officials said the move was designed to protect consumers from hazardous materials and to safeguard mobile payment systems.
They added it should also help them track users and limit violence ahead of March's general election.
The action had originally been scheduled to take place at the end of 2011, but was twice delayed to give subscribers a chance to replace their devices. However, the Ministry of Information and Communications has said this would not happen again.
The government said three million users were using counterfeit handsets as of June.
Official data suggests the country had 29 million mobile phone subscribers at the end of March.
The Communications Commission of Kenya (CCK) defines fake handsets as "copies of popular brands and models made from sub-standard materials" that have not been licensed by the organisation.
They are sourced from China and other parts of Asia, as well as Nigeria and South Africa.
The CCK said "sub-standard components" were often used which had not been put through safety checks and might emit higher than recommended radiation levels.
They have proved popular since they are often sold at a heavy discounts to legitimate models, thanks in part to the fact that retailers avoid paying import taxes.
But the commission said they had caused an increase of dropped calls for all users because of "their inability to connect seamlessly to the mobile networks".
Law enforcement agencies had also complained that some of the devices used duplicated IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identifier) codes, making it difficult to track down users suspected of using their handsets to plan crimes.
In addition, when the government publicised the switch-off in June it also linked the move to efforts to restrict fraud.
"In this era of mobile banking, use of counterfeit devices, which are manufactured without due consideration to the recognised security standards, may expose our mobile money systems as well as the wider banking and financial system to unnecessary risks," said the communications secretary Dr Bitange Ndemo.
"The government cannot allow this to happen and thus our decision to have all unregistered SIM cards and counterfeit handset mobile phones phased out by 30 September 2012."
The move was initially opposed by the Consumers Federation of Kenya, a campaign group which said the action would punish users who were not to blame for the fact fakes were sold.
But last month the organisation dropped a theat to go to court to block the switch-off after a study suggested most Kenyans supported the effort.
Sunday's deadline also means counterfeit models can be barred from networks ahead of the election on 4 March 2013.
About 1,300 people were killed and hundreds of thousands forced from their homes because of clashes following 2007's disputed presidential election.
There is concern the vote could spark further violence, and the CCK has suggested that ensuring all mobiles were registered could act as a deterrent.
"As the general elections draw near, we... have an obligation to ensure that the mobile telecoms industry is not used to perpetrate instability and to incite violence," said Francis Wangusi, the commission's director general.
Users can send a free SMS message containing their 15-number IMEI code to check that their handset is recognised as genuine.
The fact millions of devices will need to be replaced presents phone manufacturers with an opportunity to boost sales.
But there are also been worries that abandoned handsets could end up in landfill sites, damaging the environment.
To minimise the risk Nokia and Samsung have partnered with a local recycling company and mobile service providers to allow users to safely dispose of counterfeit models at collection points in major cities.
"Mobile phones contain many valuable and useful materials that can be recycled, including precious metals and plastics," said Bruce Howe, general manager for Nokia East Africa.
"For every one million phones recycled, it is possible to recover nearly 35kg of gold and 350kg of silver, which can be re-used in the production of future electronic goods."
The firm added that it believed Kenya's move was a model that could be adopted elsewhere in Africa and beyond.
Uganda has already said that it planned similar action.


The ENO has said it risks bankruptcy if its proposed changes to chorus members' contracts are not implemented.

Last month, 42 out of the company's 44-strong chorus voted to strike over a dispute with the company about pay and jobs.
As a result, the chorus will refuse to sing in the first act of a performance of Akhnaten in London on 18 March.
But the ENO has said the plans it has put forward are "are essential to ensure the future" of the company.
"Without a fundamental shift in our business plan, and a move towards seasonal contracts for some employees, we put the future of the company at grave risk of bankruptcy," the ENO said in a statement.
The ENO has previously said it is asking the chorus to reduce their contracted time with the company by 25% - moving from a 12-month contract to a nine-month contract.
The chorus' refusal to sing in the first act of the 18 March performance of Akhnaten will mean they are absent for around a quarter of the full duration of the show - a reference to the proposed 25% cut.
Martin Brown from their union Equity predicted the performance may not go ahead without them.
"The opera world is appalled that this world-class choir is facing such pay cuts," he said. "We have had fantastic support from the arts world and audiences."
In February last year, the Arts Council dropped ENO from its national portfolio of organisations for 2015-18. Two months later, the ENO announced it was cutting ticket prices in an attempt to secure its financial future.
Earlier this month,  chief executive Cressida Pollock said the ENO was "committed to preserving a permanent chorus at ENO". But she added the company had "some difficult decisions to make over coming weeks".
The ENO landed four nominations at this year's Olivier awards in the best new opera category. The winners will be announced on 3 April.


England's resurgence continued with another devastating bowling display in helpful conditions on day one of the final Test against India.

After winning the toss and putting India in to bat on a green-tinged surface at The Oval, England took five wickets before lunch and bowled the tourists out for 148.
A spirited 82 from Mahendra Dhoni saved the tourists from total ignominy, the captain hauling his side from 90-9 in a last-wicket partnership of 58 with Ishant Sharma.
But England, leading the series 2-1, cemented their advantage with an unbroken opening partnership of 62-0 to close just 86 runs behind.
Sam Robson, who has not scored a fifty since the first innings of the first Test, struck two confidence-boosting cover drives on his way to 33, while Alastair Cook has 24.
The England captain should have been given out lbw on nine by umpire Paul Reiffel when he missed a Bhuvneshwar Kumar outswinger, but it is symptomatic of the transformation in both teams' fortunes over the course of the series that he survived with his hopes of ending a 30-innings wait for a century intact.
Cook will resume in the morning confident in helping his team take another stride towards a third victory in a row to complete a remarkable turnaround since they were heavily beaten at Lord's to go 1-0 down in the series.
While the hosts appear to improving with every match - there were three wickets apiece on Friday for seamers Chris Woakes and Chris Jordan - India are in freefall.
For the fourth innings in a row, they failed to reach 200 as their batsman failed to cope with the moving ball.
"To bowl them out for under 150 is fantastic, and with the way the boys batted at the end, it was a great day for England," Woakes told BBC Sport.
"It was nice to bowl on a wicket that was a little bit helpful to the seamers. Jimmy Anderson and Stuart Broad set the tone perfectly as they have done for the whole series, so it was nice to back them up and pick up a few wickets."
In the previous Test at Old Trafford, Dhoni walked out to bat with his team on 8-4. On Friday, India had managed 28 runs before he confronted another crisis.
After rain delayed the start of play by half an hour, it only took four balls for James Anderson to land the first blow on a desperately fragile India.
Left-hander Gautam Gambhir attempted to leave a ball shaping away from him but got the toe-end of his bat on the ball and presented a routine catch to wicketkeeper Jos Buttler.
Cheteshwar Pujara and Virat Kohli have been billed as the natural successors to India legends Rahul Dravid and Sachin Tendulkar, but both are enduring miserable series, with only one half-century between them in 18 innings.
Stuart Broad, playing only six days after his nose was broken by a Varun Aaron bouncer at Old Trafford, bowled Pujara via his pad and arm, while Kohli was lbw shouldering arms to Jordan.
Ajinkya Rahane tamely served up a return catch to Jordan and a near-perfect morning session for the hosts was rounded off when Murali Vijay was caught by Joe Root in the gully for 18 to leave India in a mess on 43-5.
The afternoon session brought a same old story as Stuart Binny, recalled in place of Ravindra Jadeja, nicked an Anderson outswinger to slip, Woakes accounted for Ravichandran Ashwin and Aaron, and Jordan had Kumar caught behind.
India should have been bowled out for 95, but Ian Bell, diving to his right, shelled a sharp chance to his right at second slip to reprieve Ishant.
Sensing the need to accelerate, Dhoni went into limited-overs mode either side of tea, most notably when driving Jordan for long-off for six.
However, with a century in his sights, he hooked Broad to Woakes at long leg.
Despite the captain's efforts, it had been another feeble India batting display and one that may have sealed their fate in the series.
Listen to Geoffrey Boycott and Jonathan Agnew review the day's play on the Test Match Special podcast.


Darkness had fallen over Stockholm as a group of eight people entered Swahili Bobs, a tattoo parlour in the dark alleys of Sodermalm.

By day there were tech entrepreneurs, students, web designers and IT consultants - but that night they were going to be transformed into cyborgs.
It may sound like the beginning of a science-fiction novel, but in fact it is a recollection of  real events, by bio-hacker Hannes Sjoblad.
He organised the so-called implant party, which took place in late November and was one of several he has arranged. At it, eight volunteers were implanted with a small RFID (radio frequency identification) chip under the skin in their hand. Mr Sjoblad also has one.
He is starting small, aiming to get 100 volunteers signed up in the coming few months, with 50 people already implanted. But his vision is much bigger.
"Then will be a 1,000, then 10,000.  I am convinced that this technology is here to stay and we will think it nothing strange to have an implant in their hand."
He finds volunteers through social media and hacker communities in Sweden, people that are used to tinkering with technology.
Currently the chip acts as a simple security interface, allowing users to open their door without a key, although to do so they need to buy a new door lock, which are at the moment still expensive.
With a tweak to an Android phone, it can also unlock the device.
But there is potential beyond that.
"I believe we have just started discovering the things we can do with this," Mr Sjoblad says.
"There is huge potential for life-logging.
"With the fitness-tracking wearables at the moment, you have to type what you are eating, or where you are going.
"Instead of typing data into my phone, when I put it down and tap it with my implant it will know I am going to bed.
"Imagine sensors around a gym that recognises, for instance, who is holding a dumb-bell via the tag in your hand.
"There is an ongoing explosion in the internet of things - the sensors will be all around for me to be able to register my activity in relation to them."
Increasingly the lines between human and machine are blurring. People with missing limbs are routinely fitted with bionic ones, which are getting ever more sophisticated. People think nothing of getting an artificial hip or laser surgery to correct vision problems.
And last year, Google released contact lenses that can monitor glucose levels in an effort to provide better diagnostics for diabetes.
And of course wearables - from smart watches to gadgets such as Jawbone's Up or the Fitbit - are getting increasingly clever at monitoring a range of body functions from heart rate, calorie intake and sleep patterns.
But already firms are thinking beyond wearables.
BioStamp is a digital tattoo developed by US firm MC10. It can be stamped directly on to the body and collects data on body temperature, hydration levels, UV exposure and more. As with other wearables, the data can be uploaded
Meanwhile another US company, Proteus, has developed a pill with an embedded sensor that works in tandem with a patch worn on the skin and, when swallowed, measures a range of body functions.
"These kind of things are already here," says David Wood, head of the London Futurists.
"The real question is whether they can work better if they are on our skin or inside us, and one of the big advantages is that we can't forget them like we can a phone or a wristband."
He doesn't think implantable technology is ready for the mainstream quite yet, but he does think that the time is definitely ripe for a debate about it.
"Some people are horrified by this. They see it as completely crazy and have a deep unease about where technology is taking us and we have to be sensitive to people's feelings.
"Years ago there was fear over vaccinations and now it seems perfectly normal to have cells injected into us. That is an early example of bio-hacking"
Mr Sjoblad also hopes that his implant party will spark a conversation about our possible cyborg future.
"The idea is to become a community that is why they get implants done together," he says.
"People bond over the experience and start asking questions about what it means to be a man and machine.
"Curiosity is one of the biggest drivers for us humans.  I come from a maker hacker culture and I just want to see what I can do with this."
For those who decide life as a cyborg isn't for them, the procedure Mr Sjoblad uses is reversible and takes just five minutes.
But he has no intention of removing his.
"We've been putting chips in animals for 20 years," he points out.
Now it is the turn of the humans.
"This is a fun thing, a conversation starter. It opens up interesting discussions about what it means to be human. This is not just for opening doors."


Scientists say they have discovered why Swiss cheese has holes in it: apparently, it is all down to how dirty buckets are when the milk is collected.

Contrary to what cartoons have suggested over the years, the holes are not made by mice eating their way through the cheese.
And nor are they produced by carbon dioxide released by bacteria, as popular scientific belief held.
Instead, a Swiss laboratory says they are created by flecks of hay.
Agroscope, a government agricultural institute, said "microscopically small hay particles" would fall in to buckets collecting milk, and develop into bigger holes as the cheese matures.
The process affects only some Swiss cheeses, such as Emmental and Appenzell.
Agroscope said the findings explained why fewer holes had been appearing in Swiss cheeses over the last 15 years, since more modern milking methods made it less likely for hay to fall into containers.
Scientists reached their conclusions after adding small amounts of hay dust to milk and making it into cheese over 130 days.
The research has not been peer reviewed.
The theory that bacteria caused the holes has been around since 1917, after findings were published by an American scientist, William Clark.
The cheese industry calls holes in cheese "eyes". Any cheese without eyes is known as blind.


Hull City have signed right-back Omar Elabdellaoui on loan until the end of the season from boss Marco Silva's old club Olympiakos.

The 25-year-old Norway international played under the new Tigers manager last season for the Greek champions.
Elabdellaoui had a spell at Manchester City as a teenager but did not make a first-team appearance.
He went on loan to Stromsgodset and Feyenoord before moves to Eintracht Braunschweig and then Olympiakos.
He is Silva's third signing, following Everton striker Oumar Niasse on loan until the end of the season and Porto midfielder Evandro for an undisclosed fee.
Hull are 18th in the Premier League, although only in the relegation zone on goal difference.
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Ivory Coast have named former Belgium international Marc Wilmots as their new head coach to replace Michel Dussuyer.

The 48-year-old Wilmots was coach of Belgium between 2012 and 2016 and lead them to the World Cup in Brazil.
He was sacked in July 2016 after Belgium lost 3-1 to Wales in the quarter-finals of the European Championships.
Frenchman Dussuyer quit the Elephants after they exited the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations at the group stage.
Wilmots, who has signed a two-year contract with an option to renew, will get the chance to see his new charges in action almost immediately as Ivory Coast play two friendlies.
However he will not be in charge of the team for those matches, against Russia on Friday in Krasnador and then Senegal three days later in Franceas, as Ibrahim Kamara will be in temporary control.
The Belgian has been set the task of qualifying for the 2018 World Cup in Russia and the Africa Cup of Nations a year later.
Ivory Coast are top of their World Cup qualifying pool with four points from two matches, ahead of Gabon, Morocco and Mali, with only the group winners going to Russia.
When the Nations Cup campaign kicks off in June, the Elephants will battle it out with Guinea, Central African Republic and Rwanda for a place at the finals in Cameroon.


The BBC will review its news service in Scotland, the boss of the corporation has told a committee of MSPs.

In his opening statement, Tony Hall said that, in the light of increased devolution to the nations of the UK, it was "time to make changes".
The broadcasting boss is giving evidence to Holyrood's education and culture committee.
The BBC Charter, which outlines the public purposes of the corporation, expires at the end of 2016.
Lord Hall appeared before the committee alongside the head of BBC Scotland, Ken MacQuarrie, and finance director Anne Bulford.
He said the review of the delivery of news on TV, radio and online would report in the spring.
£323m
Licence fee generated in Scotland
£123m - Scottish-only output spend
£82m - Scottish-made network output
£132.5m - UK programmes and services available to Scotland
Lord Hall said: "The BBC's principle has been neither to lead nor to lag in devolution. But now is the right time to say are we getting it right and do we need to change the balance?
"My own view is that this is the time now to make a change.
"So, we are looking at a review of news which will report in the spring - this is looking at the provision news across TV, radio and also online and of course in that there will be a debate about what has become known as the 'Scottish Six O'Clock news'.
"But I want to make sure that the discussion is about the totality of our services as well, and it looks to the future. When you look at people consuming news not just in the traditional and important ways in terms of our main services, but it is also in things like mobile, online and so on, and we want to make sure those are match fit as well."
He also told the committee that;
The committee also questioned the Scottish government's culture secretary Fiona Hyslop.
Ms Hyslop called for the creation of a federal BBC that would give full powers over commissioning and decision-making to BBC Scotland.
Broadcasting is reserved to Westminster but the BBC has acknowledged that Holyrood has a formal role in scrutinising the work of the corporation.
She told MSPs: "I want to be clear it is not about some desire to control the BBC and to dictate what kind of services are delivered, this is about ensuring the BBC's long term future in a way that benefits both the BBC and which benefits Scotland.
"It is a future that cannot be deemed to be meeting the needs of the UK's nations and regions unless it thinks about Scotland in a different way."
MSPs on the culture committee have already voiced concern about BBC investment in programmes from Scotland, including for the UK network.
Brian Taylor on what next for BBC Scotland
"In news, in portrayal [of Scotland], there is more to be done."
At the committee, the argument flowed back and forth. It was argued forcibly that programmes with a Scottish base contribute to jobs and development here.
However, Tony Hall acknowledged that it was now time to move to a new phase: with further power in Scotland allied to programmes which offered a more sustained and authentic portrait of Scotland.
Further, the Director General confirmed a review of news, due to report in the Spring - which might include such familiar concepts as a Scottish Six, a TV programme encompassing Scottish, UK and global news.
Ken MacQuarrie [head of BBC Scotland] was questioned about earlier ideas such as new Scottish TV and radio channels. Those, he said, had never formed part of a formal plan. They were notions around during the earliest stages of preparing for the Charter Review, itself due to be completed by the end of this year.
Read more from Brian
In September, Lord Hall set out his vision of the BBC helping to "make Britain the greatest cultural force in the world" over the course of the next charter period, which will run for a decade.
He also outlined plans to provide new versions of BBC education, news and entertainment services in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
But he warned that funding cuts would mean the loss or reduction of some BBC services.
Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon has also previously called for BBC Scotland to be given more influence and a greater slice of the licence fee.
And she has called for a new BBC Scotland TV channel to be created alongside a second English-language radio station.
But opposition parties have accused Ms Sturgeon and the SNP of seeking to exert political control over the broadcaster.
Find out more about Charter Renewal


Scotland's curlers endured a mixed third day at the European Championships in Switzerland with both the men and the women losing matches.

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Eve Muirhead's rink beat world champions Switzerland 7-5 but conceded to Russia after the minimum six ends at 8-2 down.
The men led by Dave Edwards succumbed 7-4 to Germany - who are newly promoted from the European second tier.
The women have won three games from five, the men have won two from five.
"That was a tough one but you get games like that where you're on the back foot for the whole match," Muirhead told BBC Sport after the Russia defeat.
"We know we can play better than that. We just struggled a little bit with our draw weight tonight.
"But we had a good win against Switzerland and at three wins and two losses we'll take that at this stage.
"But we know we can't drop any more so we'll be coming out sharp for Estonia and Germany next."
David Edwards's rink were leading Germany until their opponents scored four to take the lead in the ninth end.
That was their third defeat in a row after two opening wins and on Tuesday they will aim to get back on track against the Czech Republic and Russia.
Meanwhile, in the B Division, England'smen beat Estonia 7-5 to maintain a perfect record of played six, won six.
They are guaranteed a place in the B Division medals play-offs where, if they take gold or silver, they will be promoted to the top tier for next year's competition.
The gold medallist in the B Division also plays against the eighth-placed team in the A Division for the right to play at the World Championship next year.
England's women remain well placed to make the medals play-offs having beaten Hungary 10-6.
They complete their round-robin schedule on Wednesday against Poland and Italy.
Wales'smen were beaten 8-4 by Hungary and lie mid-table.


Bethany Firth set a new world record time in retaining the S14 100m backstroke title at the Paralympic Games in Rio on Thursday.

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The 20-year-old County Down swimmer clocked one minute 04.05 seconds to beat the previous record of 1:04.53 she set in the heats earlier in the day.
Firth was 2.28 seconds ahead of Dutch woman Marlou Van der Kulk as she repeated her London 2012 triumph.
The Northern Irishwoman's British team-mate Jessica-Jane Applegate won bronze.
"It feels amazing. I'm just so happy," said Firth after her triumph.
"I've had a lot of setbacks in the last four years, breaking my wrist. I'm so glad to have retained my title."
Firth will be back in action on Sunday in another of her strongest events, the 200m freestyle, while she will also compete in the 100m breaststroke and 200m individual medley later in the Games.
As a 16-year-old, Firth clinched gold for Ireland in London and went on to win three silver medals at the IPC World Championships in Montreal a year later before opting to switch allegiance to Great Britain.
She subsequently had to sit out the 2015 World Championship after suffering the wrist injury.
The Northern Irishwoman competes in the S14 classes, for competitors with an intellectual disability, and she raced in eight events at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow.
Firth set a new world record for the S14 200m freestyle at the Scottish National Championships in Glasgow in June.


The path over the White Cliffs of Dover has been named as the best undiscovered walk in the country by the National Trust.

29 August 2013 Last updated at 16:05 BST
It was ranked top as part of the charity's "The Great British Walk" festival.


Why are some of India's major farming communities in ferment?

In recent days at least 16 people have been killed in violent protests by the Jat community in the state of Haryana. They are demanding the reinstatement of caste quotas for government jobs and education places.
The land-owning and relatively affluent community makes up 27% of the voters in the northern state and dominates in a third of 90 assembly seats.
Last year, the Supreme Court turned down quotas for Jats in nine states, including Haryana, saying they did not belong to a backward community.
In western India's Gujarat, the native state of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, an upstart leader from the 15 million-strong Patel community led huge protests last year, demanding quotas in government jobs for his community, despite their relative prosperity. Hardik Patel is now in prison, battling charges of sedition.
And down south in Andhra Pradesh, a violent agitation by the Kapu community, again seeking backward caste quotas, has spread to 13 districts - the community makes up some 26% of the state's 50 million people.
All the three communities are demanding they should be categorised as what India's complex terminology of castes defines as Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
They are placed between the traditional upper castes and the lowest. Two surveys have estimated that OBCs make up anything between 41-52% of India's population.
Like race in America, says sociologist Dipankar Gupta, caste in India can "neither be ducked or dodged".
Caste constitutes the primordial identity of the citizen and has spawned a complex social order which assigned people a place in the social hierarchy based on their occupation.
It has also turned out to be the most regressive feature of India's social system, perpetuating a hideously hierarchical social order which sanctioned repression of the lower castes by the privileged upper castes.
In 1950, the federal government announced seat reservations in educational institutions and government to the scheduled castes and tribes, the lowest in the caste hierarchy, to correct historical injustices.
Much later, in 1989, quotas were extended to lower castes in education and government jobs - 27% of all educational seats and government jobs were reserved for the OBCs.
This was, according to Dr Gupta, the beginning of large-scale caste politics.
"This is how the clock was steadily being turned back," he says.
As with almost everything in India, the opening up of caste politics was a mixed blessing.
In many ways it eased the social stranglehold of the upper castes and deepened democracy: the latest parliament, for example, has MPs from more than 35 parties, many of them regional and birthed in the battle for empowerment of castes.
But a controversial and tricky methodology for deciding whether a community would be eligible for backward status ended up, believe academics like Dr Gupta, "carefully shielding the OBCs who are educationally and economically well-endowed".
What was originally intended to be temporary move in affirmative action to provide a level playing field to unprivileged communities has now become a vote-catching ploy for India's politicians.
No wonder there are more than 5,000 castes who officially count themselves as OBCs today.
"At election time, politicians now promised, in the name of equality, to extend the proportion of reserved places, and to make them available to newly defined 'backward caste' categories," writes Sunil Khilnani in his seminal book The Idea of India.
"Caste groups, meanwhile in a curious inversion of the ideal of social mobility, competed to be defined as 'backward' in order to corner the benefits of reservation."
But there are other factors in the recent caste mutinies.
The uprisings are also linked to declining farm incomes and lack of private sector jobs across India.
Two years of drought and lack of irrigation has led to large scale migration from the farms to the cities in search of unskilled urban jobs.
The largely jobless growth that India is experiencing means many of the communities are not able to get work in the cities as well.
In these difficult times, these communities who, according to Professor Khilnani, "exist in the homeless world of modern politics", are desperately looking for a secure government job which will bring a regular income and make them eligible grooms in the dowry-driven marriage market.
"I missed the civil services exam by one mark last year. If I had reservation [quota], I would have got through," Om Prakash, an agitating Jat student, told a newspaper at the weekend.
The chequered story of the declining fortunes of India's relatively affluent farming communities is one of political betrayal, and of a struggle against the forces of globalisation.
Strident identity politics, pursued by politicians and others to extract concessions from a weak state, can only help perpetuate the scourge of caste, which the quotas sought to end in the first place.
More troubling is the withering away of any imagination to initiate a new conversation on quotas and the apparent ineptness of India's political class, as the latest incident in a BJP-ruled state shows, at dousing these mutinies.


Coleraine rower Richard Chambers and Great Britain team-mate Will Fletcher have missed out on a place in the final of the lightweight men's double sculls at the Olympic Games in Rio.

The GB pair came home fourth in their semi-final on Thursday in a time of 6:38.76 minutes, with just the top three qualifying for Friday's final.
Ireland duo Gary and Paul O'Donovan progressed from the same semi-final.
The Irish brothers, from Cork, finished third in 6:35.70.
The French crew won in 6:34.43, followed by the United States pairing, while South Africa, Norway and Poland qualified from the second semi.
The semi-finals of the event had been scheduled to take place on Wednesday but wind and rain led to them being postponed by a day.
Chambers and his brother Peter were part of Britain's silver medal-winning lightweight fours crew at London 2012.
Peter Chambers' hopes of a second Olympic medal were dashed on Tuesday when the British lightweight fours failed to qualify for the final.
Alan Campbell will compete in the semi-finals of the single sculls on Friday.
Meanwhile Donegal's Chloe Magee has lost her opening game in badminton's women's singles competition, going down 7-21, 12-21, to Wang Yihan of China.
Three players are involved in each group during the group phase and Magee's next match is against Karin Schnasse of Germany on Sunday morning.
She must win that encounter and hope Wang then loses to the German to have a chance of progressing to the knockout rounds.
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London's Air Ambulance is carrying blood supplies from Tuesday - the first such service in the UK to do so.

The innovation has been made possible due to a new refrigeration unit used by the British and American military.
It will allow blood transfusions to be administered on the scene of accidents, rather than later in hospitals.
London's Air Ambulance believes hundreds of lives could be saved, and regional services are looking to follow suit.
The service also had to assure the authorities that precious blood stocks could be kept safely and that they could be tracked adequately beyond the confines of the hospital.
"I really believe that us carrying blood routinely is going to make a big difference to many of our patients," Dr Anne Weaver, lead clinician with the service, told BBC News.
"We attend about 90 patients a year who are bleeding to death when we get to them.
"About 160 patients don't actually make it to hospital on top of that 90, so I think for about 250 patients we're going to give them a better chance of survival by carrying the blood with us to scene."
The blood is kept in a "golden hour" box, which can keep four units of O-negative blood (which can be transfused into any patient) at a steady 4C for up to 72 hours. Unused blood can be returned to hospital stores, so no stocks are wasted.
"We're going to recirculate the blood back into the hospital where it will be used. It's emergency blood which is a precious resource and we do rely on people giving blood to make sure we don't ever run out of it."
Blood will also now be carried by London's Air Ambulance's rapid response vehicles, which operate by day and at night when the helicopter cannot fly.
Zane Perkins, a trauma surgeon who works both in the air and on the ground with the service, says transfusing blood on the scene can transform pre-hospital care.
"About half of people with traumatic injuries who die, die from bleeding," he said. "Often stopping the bleeding can only be done in hospital, but one of the ways to buy yourself time is to replace the blood they're losing. I think carrying blood is a great step forward."
Last year, London's Air Ambulance treated 2,059 patients, of which some 716 involved road traffic accidents and 571 involved stabbings or shootings. Falls accounted for 456 cases attended. The service is a charity, like other air ambulance services in England and Wales.
The Association of Air Ambulances which represents air ambulances throughout England and Wales, welcomed the development.
Dr Ramzi Freij, association spokesman and medical director for air ambulance services based in Kent and Essex, said London had the advantage of a helipad on top of the Royal London Hospital, which made access to and monitoring of blood supplies easier.
Other air ambulance services, which carry paramedics more commonly than doctors, would also have to seek permission for the paramedics to conduct blood transfusions.
Nevertheless, Kent and Essex, who carry doctors, were now looking at carrying blood and other blood products such as plasma and platelets, with the plan to hold the blood supplies at their base.
"It will save lives. Our work is about saving critically injured people, people who are haemorrhaging either from gunshot injuries, road traffic accidents or stabbings, where replacing like with like is really crucial," he said.
He said carrying blood could save lives both in the cities where violent crime is more common, and in rural areas, where ferrying patients back to hospitals for emergency transfusions and treatment can take too much time.
Very few air ambulance services carry blood on-board around the world. The US and British military carry blood on their rescue helicopters, while civilian services in Australia have carried blood for some years.
"We have blood storage refrigerators at six of our bases," said Dr Allan MacKillop, chief medical officer with Australia's Careflight Group Queensland.
"The blood is taken on missions where it's use is likely, for example major trauma, and transported in temperature-controlled blood shipper containers. If the blood is not required it can generally be restored for future use.
"The shipper has a digital temperature logger which is downloaded after each mission to ensure safe storage conditions have been maintained."
Australia's Royal Flying Doctor Service also has the capability of carrying blood at selected bases.
Commenting on the launch of the new service in London, Mayor Boris Johnson said: "London's Air Ambulance has an international reputation for pioneering medical procedures which have been adopted around the world.
"It provides a great service across the capital and being able to carry blood on board means the team will be able to save even more lives."


Carlos Tevez has been permanently stripped of the Manchester City captaincy by manager Roberto Mancini.

The Argentine striker spent pre-season searching in vain for a new club and has been replaced as skipper by defender Vincent Kompany.
Mancini said: "Carlos wanted to leave for family reasons. I respected his opinion but Carlos is still here because we didn't find a solution.
"I decided in the summer that Vinnie [Kompany] was the captain."
Tevez has made one substitute appearance for City this season, replacing compatriot Sergio Aguero in the 3-2 win at Bolton on 21 August.
He has been named in the squad to face Wigan on Saturday, but will not now be captain of the team.
Belgium international Kompany joined City from Hamburg in 2008 and made 53 appearances in all competitions last season. He also won the supporters' Player of the Year award as well as the players' Player of the Year honour.
Mancini added that Tevez would still be a key part of the squad in the coming season, as City make their debut in the Champions League. He said: "He's a fantastic player for us, someone who can score 20 goals a season."
Tevez spoke recently of his "love-hate" relationship with Mancini, and for much of the summer he was linked with a move away from Etihad Stadium.
Kompany has led the side in the three Premier League matches so far this season - City have won all of them as they seek a first championship title since 1968.


World indoor 60m champion Richard Kilty says there is a rift between Britain's two male sprinting camps.

Kilty, James Ellington, Harry Aikines-Aryeetey and Dwain Chambers are coached by Rana Reider, while Steve Fudge trains James Dasaolu and Adam Gemili.
"There were a couple of clashes of egos between the coaches and the athletes in both groups," said Kilty.
I know there is still tension between the other athletes in our group and their group and the two coaches
"That's the nature of the sport - there are always rivalries, so it's going to happen."
Kilty won gold at the World Indoor Championships in Poland in March and will be making his first appearance on British soil since then when he takes part in the 100m at the BT Great CityGames in Manchester on Saturday.
The 24-year-old did not give details of how the friction started but said there had been "a bit of tension" and "a few words exchanged" at the British Athletics Indoor Championships in Sheffield in February.
"In one group you've got me, Harry Aikines-Aryeetey and James Ellington, who are ranked first, second and third in the country at the moment, which is great," Kilty said.
"And then the other group has got Adam Gemili and James Dasaolu, who were the top best sprinters last year, so it's a massive rivalry."
However, Kilty hopes the differences between the two camps can be settled for the benefit of the relay team, which will compete at the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow and European Championships in Zurich this summer.
"I try to keep it as professional as I can," added Kilty. "They are all part of the British relay team and I think we all need to get along because, if the quickest relay team were to be put out there, you'd have two members of one group and two members of the other group.
"And we can smash the British record if we do. We can challenge the Jamaicans and the Americans with that squad as long as we can work together. It's a bit of a shame on that point, but hopefully we can work together.
"I'm on speaking terms and friendly with the others, but I know there is still tension between the other athletes in our group and their group and the two coaches."
Dasaolu and Gemili will not be competing at the World Relay Championships in Bahamas on 24 and 25 May as the former is building his fitness after a hamstring injury and the latter has university exams.


Australia has named Dr Alan Finkel, an engineer and vocal advocate of nuclear power, as its next chief scientist.

The appointment was announced by new Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull at a press conference on Tuesday.
Dr Finkel has previously outlined a vision for an "electric planet"  and told reporters he wanted Australia to use "no oil, gas or coal".
He was previously Chancellor of Australia's Monash University and takes over from Professor Ian Chubb.
Speaking at the press conference, Dr Finkel acknowledged that Australia could not get rid of coal "overnight".
"My vision is for a country, a society, a world where we don't use any coal, oil, or natural gas because we have zero-emissions electricity in huge abundance," he said.
"But you can't get there overnight. What we need to do is optimise the technology so we can cost-effectively introduce alternatives.
"The best way to get rid of coal is to introduce alternatives that deliver value at a reasonable price rather than just arbitrarily turning it off."
Australia currently has no nuclear power industry and relies heavily on fossil fuels.
Dr Finkel's appointment comes amid a call by 61 prominent Australians, including the author Richard Flanagan and Wallabies rugby player David Pocock, for a global ban on new coalmines and coalmine expansions.
Previous Prime Minister Tony Abbott was a staunch supporter of coal power, saying "coal is good for humanity" and its use should go "up and up and up in the years and decades to come".
Australia has two massive new coal mines on the way. One, the $16bn Carmichael project in Queensland's Galilee Basin, was last week given final approval by Mr Turnbull's government.
Mr Turnbull on Tuesday dismissed the idea of a moratorium on coal arguing that it would make no difference to global emissions as importers would simply buy it elsewhere.


Google has added coast-to-coast public transport information for the whole of Great Britain to its Maps app.

It said the data included departure times and routes for buses, ferries, trains and trams in England, Scotland and Wales.
It is not the first app to do so. Rome2Rio's UK Transport Search app already provided similar coverage.
But the body supplying the data said that the huge popularity of Google's service meant its move was significant.
"It's an amazing shop window for our operators' services," said Julie Williams, chief executive of Traveline - a partnership of Great Britain's transport operators and local authorities.
"The presentation and way Google has pulled together the data looks exceptional - we've not seen anything like that before."
The search giant will also make the information available via its desktop Maps service.
Of the other big-brand services:
"Google is the all-dominant leader in mapping, but it has to keep innovating because that's what stops its competitors nibbling into its market share," said Chris Green, principal technology analyst at the Davies Murphy Group consultancy.
"If it doesn't keep making changes it would leave the door open for somebody else."
While Google had previously provided transit data for parts of Great Britain, it had lacked coverage in much of Wales, the Midlands and northern England.
A search for transport between Llandysul and Cenarth, for example, brought up no results despite it taking less than an hour to travel between the two Welsh destinations by bus.
Gaps such as this have now been plugged, with the firm using Traveline's data to create graphics that compare how the various available options differ.
In total, schedules from nearly 1,500 different transport operators have been integrated, including more than 17,000 different routes and more than 330,000 pick-up points
"It's a frightening amount of data," Google's public transport product manager David Tattersall told the BBC.
"It's every single train, bus, tram and ferry right down to the small request stops as well as the major National Express coaches."
Traveline was created in 2000, and has allowed the public to search its timetables via the state-funded but basic-looking Transport Direct website or by calling its call centres
It also began offering others access to its raw data three years ago.
"I was surprised initially that we didn't get more people taking it," said Ms Williams.
"Open data users said they wanted to do stuff with it, but after we produced it they said: 'Well, that's quite complicated.'
"One of the things that Google is able to do because of its size is put money into processing that data and bring it into its own system."
While Rome2Rio's app sometimes has to redirect users to the Transport Direct site, Google avoids this by converting all Traveline's data into the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) file format its systems recognise.
This means it can also make the information available to other app creators via its Maps application programming interface. This is provided free of charge to services with relatively low traffic but at a cost to others.
"Third-party developers will be able to take advantage of this and basically mash up [their services] with the API," Mr Tattersall said.
He added that Google would also use the data to enhance its own anticipatory search service, which suggests information before a user asks for it.
"If you're in Sheffield but live somewhere else, around home time Google Now will use this transit data to suggest some ways back," he gave as an example.
For the moment, such results are based on preset timetables rather than live transport information, with the exception of London where real-time data is used.
But Mr Tattersall said that his team was keen to make the wider transit service more reactive in the future.


Derbyshire say they are no longer interested in signing West Indies all-rounder Marlon Samuels, after making initial contact with the player.

Samuels has played 71 Tests and 238 limited-overs internationals and was recently cleared to bowl after serving a 12-month ban for an illegal action.
But Derbyshire have confirmed "in view of recent events" their pursuit of the 36-year-old has ended.
Samuels has scored 3917 runs and taken 41 wickets in Test cricket.
"We remain committed to exploring all options to strengthen the side ahead of the 2017 season," said a Derbyshire statement.


It has only been a year since Sandra Maria de Andrade woke up to the wondrous world of reading.

One afternoon after work, the rubbish picker from north-eastern Brazil was lying exhausted in a hammock when her youngest son, Damiao Sandriano, invited her to take a look at a book.
"Mum, would you like to read with me?" he asked. "It's a story, and it has pictures."
At the time, the 42-year old was unable to write her own name.
The closest to any formal education she had ever had was a class for young adults in which she was taught the letters of the alphabet.
But she gave up, frustrated at not being able to get past the letter "e". She recalls the experience as "an agony".
It was not until her son stepped in that she would try again.
After a few informal lessons by Damiao at their home on a dirt road in Jardim Progresso, a poor community on the outskirts of the city of Natal, Sandra was able to trace an "e".
Damiao helped his mother how to remember the letters better. The "R", he explained is "like a 'B' but open".
The letter "h" they simply nicknamed "the chair".
Being able to write her own name was a watershed moment. Sandra was able to exchange her old ID which only bore her thumbprint for one with her signature.
"I said: 'I will get myself a new ID to prove that now I know how to write my name'," Sandra told the BBC.
"I went there and they asked me to sign on the paper. I thought: 'There, now I can do it, I don't need to feel ashamed anymore'."
Sandra is one of the 760 millions adults worldwide who, according to Unesco figures, cannot read or write.
In Brazil, there are 12.9 million, making up around 8.3% of the population over 15 years of age.
Sandra was forced to work from an early age after her mother abandoned her when she was three.
After she was taken in by her grandmother she was sent to live with a couple who did not allow her to go to school
She worked on the couple's farm, crushing and grinding cassava for flour and cleaning their house.
One day she was working in a banana field when a group of children walked past carrying notebooks.
"I wanted to go where they were going," she recalls. "But they said: 'Go back to work!'. And I cried."
When she was 12, Sandra ran away to try to find her mother.
She managed to track her down but her mother wanted nothing to do with Sandra, and her mother's partner tried to hurt her, Sandra recalls.
Sandra then lived on the streets until she was 13, when she was picked up by a man who offered her food and a roof over her head.
During the time they lived together, they had three children. But it was a life punctuated by regular and brutal beatings.
In 1996, after the man stabbed her and ripped part of her scalp off with his teeth, Sandra took the children and left.
She promised her children that no man would ever hit her again.
Sandra managed to get by picking waste and taking it for recycling.
Without being able to read or write she had to rely on strangers for help with just taking a bus.
"Can you read the sign for me?" she would have to ask them sheepishly at the bus stop.
She said it was a daily humiliation. She never dreamed of having a formal job.
As the years went by she married and had more children before divorcing her husband.
Four of her seven children died when they were still young, three of various disease and one was run over.
Damiao is the youngest of the seven.
One day, after hearing his mother describe the "big shame" of not knowing how to read and write, Damiao, who was three at the time, suggested they make a pact.
"I will learn [how to read and write], and when I do it, I will teach you," he promised.
Damiao had a teacher who helped him with after-school lessons and encouraged him to read books.
Damiao says he loves to read as it takes him "to another world" and gives him "infinite imagination".
Seeing her son come back from school every day is Sandra's pride and joy.
At home, Damiao turns from pupil into teacher.
In the course of the past year, mother and son read 107 books together, some of which she found in the rubbish she picks through for a living.
Her writing is coming on as well. She was thrilled when she signed Damiao's school paperwork for the first time.
"There was a space for me to state my relationship to him. I wrote in very clear in big letters: 'Mother'."
Damiao says his mother can already write "a lot of words", but he wants her to learn more.
"I want her to learn the words she feels inside. She likes to talk about love, emotions," the 11-year old says.
At home, he helped her write a message in green, capital letters on the wall.
It reads: "Little corner of happiness where, thanks to God, nothing is missing."


Raheem Sterling's volley salvaged a point for 10-man Manchester City as Everton were denied victory on the night Wayne Rooney scored his 200th Premier League goal.

City were up against it when Rooney's strike was followed by Kyle Walker's dismissal after two quick bookings just 44 minutes into his home debut.
But Pep Guardiola's side showed belief and spirit to avoid only their second home defeat under the Spaniard.
Rooney looked to have given Everton victory when he slid Dominic Calvert-Lewin's square pass between City keeper Ederson's legs from eight yards.
And the Toffees' cause was helped when England full-back Walker collided with Leighton Baines and was then booked again, rather harshly, for catching Calvert-Lewin in the face as they competed for a high ball.
Despite their numerical disadvantage, the home side continued to press after the break and were rewarded when Sterling fired in Mason Holgate's weak defensive header.
Everton also finished with 10 men when midfielder Morgan Schneiderlin was shown a second yellow card, again, rather harshly, for catching Sergio Aguero late.
Rooney became only the second player to score 200 Premier League goals - after former Blackburn and Newcastle striker Alan Shearer - when he put the visitors ahead after 35 minutes.
The 31-year-old former Manchester United forward cupped his ears in front of the home fans as he celebrated his second goal in two league matches since rejoining Everton.
Perhaps it was no surprise Rooney netted the landmark goal at Etihad Stadium, having also scored his 50th and 150th Premier League goals against United's neighbours.
However, the ease with which City's new £35m keeper Ederson allowed his first-time shot in was more of a surprise.
"It is a good contact from Rooney, but you have to say it went straight at Ederson," said former Toffees and United defender Phil Neville on BBC Radio 5 live. "You have to expect your keeper to save it."
Rooney, who scored his first top-flight goal as a 16-year-old for the Toffees against Arsenal in October 2002, hit the double century in his 462nd league match in front of his former Red Devils managers Sir Alex Ferguson and Jose Mourinho.
Ultimately, the England international did not prove to be the match-winner like he was against Stoke last weekend - but he was still smiling at the final whistle as the early part of his Everton return continues to be fruitful.
"It was nice with my history with Manchester United - and to do it in such an important game for us and so early in the season, it was a sweet moment," said Rooney.
"I'm sure the red half of Manchester will have enjoyed it as well."
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City manager Guardiola was all smiles as he walked onto the pitch arm-in-arm with Rooney at the full-time whistle - but his demeanour quickly changed as he approached referee Bobby Madley and his assistants.
Madley was the focus of City's ire after showing a questionable second yellow card to Walker, who appeared to back into Calvert-Lewin with his shoulder rather than raise an elbow - and boos from the home supporters accompanied his walk back to the tunnel.
Guardiola remonstrated with fourth official Michael Oliver on the touchline as Walker walked off, then appeared to sarcastically clap Madley at the end after shaking his hand.
He refused to discuss Walker's red card when asked about it in a post-match television interview. "Next question," he said.
It is not the first time questions about refereeing decisions have led to spiky exchanges between Guardiola and reporters.
The former Barcelona and Bayern Munich boss raised concerns about English referees last season, saying they "conduct games differently" from those in Spain and Germany.
However, Sterling offered more of an insight into the feelings inside the City camp afterwards.
"We felt decisions like those cost us a lot of points last season," the England winger said. "I didn't see it as a second booking and I thought it was unfair."
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City, after finishing 15 points behind champions Chelsea in third place, have spent £215m on new players this summer as they look to win the Premier League title for the first time since 2014.
Everton have been the other big spenders, shelling out £140m themselves in order to try to break into the top four.
The vast amount of money spent by both clubs set up an intriguing early season encounter, but the key thread of the game remained the same as last season - Everton came to frustrate; City struggled to break them down.
This was a common theme in Guardiola's first season, as away teams arrived at the Etihad content to defend and leave with a point.
While only losing once in front of their own fans, City racked up seven draws and their 40 points earned was only the sixth best home record in the top flight.
All was going smoothly at the start of Guardiola's reign - until Everton turned up in October.
City had 19 shots and 72% possession as the stubborn Toffees left with a 1-1 draw last season, providing a blueprint of how to frustrate the hosts which was successfully followed by Southampton, Middlesbrough and Stoke.
Everton tried to implement the same tactic in a disciplined and almost perfect away performance. For 82 minutes, they largely managed to do that as City were restricted to just David Silva's first-half shot against the post and a wild strike over the bar by Sterling.
Eventually City's pressure told as a poor header by young full-back Holgate - who otherwise had an excellent game on the right - fell for Sterling to convert from 12 yards.
City, who won at Brighton on the opening weekend, go to Bournemouth on Saturday (12:30 BST) looking for their second win of the season on the south coast.
Everton switch their attention to the Europa League, going to Hajduk Split on Thursday with a 2-0 first-leg advantage as they aim to reach the group stage.
The Toffees return to Premier League action with a trip to champions Chelsea on Sunday (13:30 BST).
Match ends, Manchester City 1, Everton 1.
Second Half ends, Manchester City 1, Everton 1.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Davy Klaassen.
Substitution, Everton. Muhamed Besic replaces Wayne Rooney.
.
Second yellow card to Morgan Schneiderlin (Everton) for a bad foul.
Sergio Agüero (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Morgan Schneiderlin (Everton).
Wayne Rooney (Everton) is shown the yellow card.
Bernardo Silva (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Wayne Rooney (Everton).
Goal!  Manchester City 1, Everton 1. Raheem Sterling (Manchester City) right footed shot from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner.
Raheem Sterling (Manchester City) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Wayne Rooney (Everton).
Attempt saved. Wayne Rooney (Everton) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Gylfi Sigurdsson with a cross.
Vincent Kompany (Manchester City) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Vincent Kompany (Manchester City).
Dominic Calvert-Lewin (Everton) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Attempt saved. Danilo (Manchester City) left footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Raheem Sterling.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Michael Keane.
Attempt blocked. Kevin De Bruyne (Manchester City) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Sergio Agüero.
Attempt missed. Raheem Sterling (Manchester City) right footed shot from the right side of the box is too high. Assisted by Sergio Agüero.
Attempt missed. Wayne Rooney (Everton) right footed shot from more than 40 yards on the right wing is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Dominic Calvert-Lewin.
Attempt missed. Raheem Sterling (Manchester City) right footed shot from outside the box is too high. Assisted by David Silva.
Attempt missed. Bernardo Silva (Manchester City) left footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by David Silva.
Substitution, Manchester City. Bernardo Silva replaces Leroy Sané.
Substitution, Manchester City. Danilo replaces John Stones.
Attempt missed. Raheem Sterling (Manchester City) right footed shot from the right side of the box misses to the left. Assisted by David Silva.
Foul by Raheem Sterling (Manchester City).
Leighton Baines (Everton) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Substitution, Everton. Gylfi Sigurdsson replaces Tom Davies.
Substitution, Everton. Davy Klaassen replaces Ashley Williams.
Attempt blocked. David Silva (Manchester City) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Attempt blocked. Kevin De Bruyne (Manchester City) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Raheem Sterling (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Idrissa Gueye (Everton).
Leroy Sané (Manchester City) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Mason Holgate (Everton).
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Mason Holgate.
Corner,  Manchester City. Conceded by Mason Holgate.


Burton produced one of the shocks of the first round as they beat Championship side Wigan to progress in the Capital One Cup.

The League Two Brewers fell behind when Marc-Antoine Fortune struck with a low effort against the run of play.
But Burton's Dominic Knowles turned in a low cross on the stroke of half-time.
And they capitalised on the momentum shift after the break as Stuart Beavon finished clinically from 10 yards to secure one of Burton's finest results.
Burton manager Gary Rowett told BBC Radio Derby:
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"It was a game that we wanted to take as seriously as we could.
"I spoke to the players about it beforehand and said they might make some changes but it doesn't really matter. Whoever they change, they're going to bring a squad member, a first teamer or some internationals into the side.
"I would say, overall, that is as well as any team of mine has played, ever, since I've been here.
"I thought they were absolutely brilliant in lots of different ways. I don't think Wigan had lots and lots of chances. I actually thought we created quite a lot in the first 25 minutes.
"As the game went on we could pick and choose when we got up the pitch, and we still created chances."
Wigan manager Uwe Rosler told BBC Radio Manchester:
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"We felt we had enough strength in depth and we looked like we would be on a winning streak after about 10 or 15 minutes because we completely took over.
"We got our goal and, at that point, everyone was thinking we would be comfortable winners.
"But we gave that free-kick away just before half-time and from that point onwards we lost our momentum and our concentration.
"For a team with the experience they had out there, it took too little to lose our rhythm."


England's batsmen will continue to fail in India if they persist in playing slow bowling "horrifically", says their former off-spinner Graeme Swann.

The tourists face three one-day internationals and three Twenty20 matches after a 4-0 Test series defeat.
The batting line-up for Sunday's first ODI in Pune is expected to be Alex Hales, Jason Roy, Joe Root, Jonny Bairstow, Eoin Morgan and Jos Buttler.
"There's a couple of wickets there for the spinners," said Swann.
"We play spin horrifically on the whole."
The tourists, who are without a one-day international series victory in India since 1984, have won one and lost one of their warm-up matches against India A - the defeat coming after they slipped from 116-1 to 165-6 when batting first in Mumbai.
Bairstow top-scored with 64 in that second match and he disputes Swann's assertion that England will struggle with the bat.
"Everyone has different methods for batting against seam and spin," said the Yorkshire wicketkeeper. "We scored a lot of runs in the Test series - posting 500 once and 400 twice.
"And in these warm-ups we've scored around 300 in both matches despite the collapses, so I don't think we're far off to be honest."
Swann, speaking to BBC Test Match Special, did exempt Bairstow and Root from his criticism while conceding that a limited-overs tour of India is one of the hardest assignments in world cricket.
"It's not a very pleasant experience," said the 37-year-old. "I don't think I ever won there.
"The teams I played in were clueless in how to cope with the noise, the intensity, the armed guards.
"I remember being on the tour that ended because of the attacks in Mumbai. In a weird way, it was a relief that we could go home - we were getting hammered left, right and centre.
"The crowds definitely play a part - you can't hear yourself think for three and a half hours. It envelops you.
"When you get back into the changing room - it's like a day spa. There's total silence."
India will be led by star batsman Virat Kohli, who replaces World Cup-winning captain MS Dhoni, in the three-match ODI series which also includes matches in Cuttack (19 January) and Kolkata (22 January).
Dhoni will, however, remain in the team as a wicketkeeper-batsman, with the 35-year-old warming up for the challenge with an unbeaten 68 off 40 balls for India A in England's first warm-up game earlier in the week.
Only Dhoni's fellow Indians Suresh Raina and Yuvraj Singh and Australia's Dean Jones have a better one-day average in home conditions against England than him.
"You could sense experience dripping off MS Dhoni," said Swann. "He'd never panic, even when the required rate reached eight or nine an over.
"He'd just smack 20 off an over without breaking sweat.
"Over there, the grounds are tiny and the outfields are rapid. What we construed as being a big score - 270 or 280 - they'd just knock off in no time whatsoever.
"Virat Kohli was born to play ODI cricket and MS Dhoni is the best finisher I've ever seen."
While Swann is fearful of another series defeat for England, he is glad to see the fresh outlook that has been adopted under captain Morgan.
Swann, who played at the 2011 World Cup, says he belonged to a "dinosaur" age of one-day cricket in England and says the team were "backward in their thinking" and "arrogant".
It is only since a chastening early exit at the 2015 World Cup that England have adopted a more positive gameplan that has seen them twice pass 400 in 50 overs.
"They've finally got all the youngsters playing who think nothing is impossible," said Swann.
"The likes of Ben Stokes, Jason Roy and Alex Hales have never thought 280 was a good score. They happily think 400 is gettable.
"They also have a coach who encourages aggressive cricket."


A UK charity has released pictures of a baby orangutan it rescued in West Borneo and nursed back to health.

The baby, named Gito by the team from International Animal Rescue, was so lifeless when found they thought he was dead.
He was being kept as a pet in the village of Merawa, about 100 miles from the charity's centre in Ketapang.
The team said Gito's mother had almost certainly been killed before he was stolen and sold for less than Â£20.
Kept in a urine-soaked cardboard box and fed entirely on condensed milk, he was severely dehydrated and malnourished.
He was suffering from a lack of hair and grey flaking skin due to sarcoptic mange, a highly contagious skin disease.
The charity's Alan Knight said forest fires devastating Indonesia were leaving wild orangutans without food or shelter.
"Those that escape being burnt alive are left exposed, under threat of starving or being killed or captured by humans.
"It's hard to stomach the shocking state Gito was in. He is in safe hands now but tragically there are many more like him in desperate need of our help," he said.


One of the largest teaching unions has overwhelmingly passed a motion of no confidence in Northern Ireland's chief inspector of schools, Noelle Buick.

The Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL) passed the motion on the first day of its annual conference in Liverpool.
The ATL is one of the three main teaching unions in the UK.
Ms Buick said she was "disappointed" at the line that the union had taken.
One of the teachers behind the motion, Mark Montgomery, told the conference that it was criticising both "an office and organisation".
He said the Education and Training Inspectorate (ETI) "holds schools and individuals accountable, while refusing to acknowledge that it should be held accountable in the event of an appeal against its findings".
The ATL had previously called for appeals against school inspections to be carried out by staff outside the ETI, and for a school's inspection report to be revised if an appeal succeeded.
Mr Montgomery said it was not appropriate that the appeals process was carried out by the ETI themselves.
"In Northern Ireland, this appeals process is in-house and the chief inspector's office has the final say," he said.
"Having an in-house appeals procedure is not healthy for the teaching profession."
However, in a letter to the ATL, Ms Buick said there had been considerable engagement between the ETI and the union.
"The ETI complaints procedure can be used to make a formal complaint about any aspect of ETI's work," she said.
She said that it complied with best practice across all government departments and was agreed with the Northern Ireland Assembly ombudsman.
"Inspection is a powerful lever for raising standards and tackling underachievement to ensure learners get the best possible education," said Ms Buick.
Mark Langhammer, director of ATL Northern Ireland, told BBC Northern Ireland's Good Morning Ulster: "What the behaviours that our members and our teachers complain about is that they are measured against very narrow metrics, that the inspections are high stakes, very data driven, very bureaucratic.
"And, in terms of what happens in schools, excessive weighing and measuring tactics."
The ETI observes teaching in Northern Ireland education bodies and there have been recent changes to the inspection process.
These include reducing the notice a school gets for an inspection to two weeks and more oral feedback for teachers.
Schools that are judged to need urgent or important improvement get a quicker follow-up inspection, within 12 to 18 months.
There are also plans for follow-up visits for all high-performing schools three years after a full inspection, in order to sustain improvement.


A woman was shot in the vagina and left with "life changing injuries" in a sex game gone wrong, a court has heard.

The 46-year-old had been engaged in sexual activity with David Andrew Jeffers, 47, at a Stockport hotel in January when she was shot.
Jeffers admitted possessing a firearm with intent to endanger life and was jailed for 10 years.
The two had been engaged in a "sex fantasy" when the weapon fired, the Crown Prosecution Service said.
Greater Manchester Police branded the scene "shocking" and "horrifying".
Manchester Minshull Street Crown Court heard the shooting happened at the Britannia Hotel in Dialstone Lane in the early hours of 31 January.
When officers arrived at the scene they found the victim in a pool of blood and suffering from serious abdominal injuries.
She was taken to hospital and required extensive surgery, police said.
The woman, who was too unwell to be fully interviewed at the time, told officers from her hospital bed that Jeffers was a "bad man".
Police said Jeffers, of Berkley Terrace, Leeds, claimed to have found the gun in a pub toilet in Leeds. He said he took the gun to Manchester to dispose of it.
Jeffers was spotted on CCTV leaving the hotel and going to Piccadilly Station to catch a train back to Leeds.
Armed officers raided a property on Amberton Grove, Leeds, two days later and arrested Jeffers.
A search of the house found a partially scrawled note denying knowledge of the shooting, the court heard.
Det Insp Roger Edwards said: "This was a horrifying incident that has left a woman with life changing injuries that will affect her for the rest of her life."
He said the crime was "one of the most shocking" he had encountered, adding: "Jeffers left the victim badly bleeding in a hotel room, showing no regard for her life.
"I know that this has been a traumatic time for this woman, having to relive the horror of that day."


The plan to bring about a cessation of hostilities in Syria within a week provokes a range of responses in the world's media, from optimism to scepticism.

In the Middle East media, pan-Arab Al-Arabiya TV quotes observers as saying that the agreement is "loose, and open to interpretation". The TV adds that the "Munich agreement remains mere pledges on paper as US Secretary of State John Kerry admitted."
Syrian TV in its early morning bulletin focuses on military successes against "terrorists" and reports the Russian deputy foreign minister's announcement of an agreement to settle the crisis only near the end of its newscast.
However, the agreement is widely reported in Iran which is supportive of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad but Iranian media stress that the cessation of hostilities does not include regions under the control of "terrorist groups" such as the so-called Islamic State and al-Nusra Front.
Iranian English-language Press TV also broadcast an interview with Ken Stone, described as a Canadian peace activist, who sees the plan as a "step forward".
The Saudi, pro-government Al-Riyadh newspaper quotes various "experts" as saying that it was unlikely that any agreed ceasefire would be "implemented on the ground". In contrast, Lebanon's Al-Akhbar newspaper, which backs the Syrian government, runs a front-page headline heralding "a Syrian breakthrough in Munich".
In Russia, which backs the Syrian government militarily, the Munich talks feature prominently on TV news bulletins. Channel One follows up its report on the talks with a jubilant report on the advances of the Syrian army, creating the overall impression that government forces are gaining momentum on the ground.
Germany's Sueddeutsche Zeitung, publishing in Munich where the talks have been held, is upbeat, reporting hopes of a "realistic implemention in 7 to 10 days".
But the conservative Berlin paper, Die Welt, is more sceptical, headlining its story "Ceasefire all round, unless the Russians don't want it". It says the "partial success" of the Munich security conference has led to "very fragile agreements", concluding that "almost everything depends on the Russians".
French papers, too, express little confidence about the deal. Le Monde talks of a "fragile agreement for a humanitarian truce"  and Liberation says the deal was reached with "difficulty amid distrust and caution".
Le Figaro says bluntly: "The outcome of the Syrian conflict is still far from over. John Kerry did not hide the issues he is still in disagreement with Russia on, especially the fate of Bashar al-Assad."
But in the USA, The New York Times sees the agreement as "a chance to halt the brutality in Syria", saying in an editorial that it sees "a glimmer of hope after the relentless attacks by Russia in support of the Syrian regime".
BBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV, radio, web and print media around the world. You can follow BBC Monitoring  on Twitter and Facebook.


The surgeon who operated on the world's longest-surviving heart transplant patient has said surviving "in excess of 30 years" was "remarkable"

John McCafferty, 73, died on Tuesday, 33 years after his operation.
Professor Sir Magdi Yacoub performed Mr McCafferty's transplant at Harefield Hospital, west London, on 20 October 1982.
Sir Magdi said surgeons did not know at the time "how long patients [could] survive after transplantation".
Live: Heart transplant patient wanted to be an 'inspiration'
Mr McCafferty lived in Newport Pagnell, Buckinghamshire, but was originally from Shotts in North Lanarkshire.
He had been diagnosed at 39 with dilated cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscle.
He was told he had five years to live when he received the transplant.
But in 2013 he was recognised as the world's longest surviving heart transplant patient by Guinness World Records.
Sir Magdi said the five-year prognosis had been estimated.
"John showed quite clearly that people can survive in excess of 30 years... so that's remarkable," Sir Magdi said.
"It shows how transplantation can give life and that's entirely due to the generosity of the British public, the donor family that is."
The British Heart Foundation said more than three-quarters of heart transplant patients lived for more than five years.
Mr McCafferty's widow Ann said the years they had together after his heart transplant were "brilliant".
But she said: "He was in pain for the last three years of his life and was taken to hospital in Milton Keynes on 27 January. Unfortunately, he wasn't able to return home."
What is a heart transplant?
Source: British Heart Foundation / BBC


Gordon Strachan says there is "no time limit" for him to decide on his future as Scotland coach.

Strachan will take time after Sunday's match against Gibraltar to decide if he will renew his contract before the upcoming World Cup qualifying campaign.
The Scottish FA has already indicated a desire for Strachan to remain in post.
"There's two or three people I need to speak to and make sure everything's clear and then we'll take it from there," he said.
"I've always said 'wait to the end of the [Euro 2016 qualifying] campaign' but don't expect me to be speaking right after the game.
"There's no time limit on it but I've got to say it's been - it is - an incredible experience.
"It is a job that makes you so proud and I know during the campaign there have been many performances that have made the nation happy."
Scotland missed out on a Euro 2016 play-off place after drawing 2-2 with Poland in Glasgow on Thursday.
And Strachan hinted that a number of squad players will get an opportunity in Faro on Sunday.
"There have been players with us for a year who would have loved to have had more time on the playing surface," he said. "Unfortunately for them it's not materialised.
"So we've got to try and get them some time and that would have happened no matter the opposition because I think some of these guys need to be rewarded.
"It's hard work when you're not picked, when you're away from your family for 10 days to get no tangible reward in terms of playing. So it's nice to give them a pat on the back and get a chance to see them playing for myself."
Of the players who dropped out of the squad ahead of the trip to Portugal, Jordan Rhodes has a medial ligament problem, fellow striker Leigh Griffiths injured a calf in the half-time warm-up on Thursday, while midfielder James McArthur's wife is expecting a baby imminently.


Britain's Giles Scott claimed his third world title courtesy of a dominant victory in the Finn Gold Cup in Takapuna, New Zealand.

The 28-year-old, who is undefeated since April 2013, won with a day and two races to spare.
Scott is now one of six sailors to win three Finn world titles, along with fellow Briton Sir Ben Ainslie.
"I have been really pleased with my year and the way I've been sailing," said Scott, who also won in 2014.
"The last couple of months have been tricky to manage because we've been testing these new boats that have just come out, so to be able to come here and show good form and win with a couple of races to go is great.
"I've sailed a good, consistent week and it's come good early, which is great."
Weymouth-based Scott came into the penultimate day of racing on the Hauraki Gulf with an imposing 52-point lead, and claimed the top-18 finish he needed to secure overall victory by coming second in the first of the day's two races.
He was also runner-up in the day's second race, giving him an overwhelming 54-point lead over France's Olympic bronze medallist Jonathan Lobert going into the final day of competition.
"I was trying to stay risk-free where possible and fortunately the racing panned out in a manner that rewarded that," added Scott, who has already secured his place on Team GB for next year's Rio Olympics.
Scott narrowly missed out on a place at London 2012 to Ainslie, who went on to take his fourth Olympic gold.


Chinese officials must stop using torture to extract confessions from suspects, the Supreme Court has ruled.

The court said on its official microblog that using "freezing, starving, extreme heat, fire branding or extreme exhaustion" to extract confessions was also illegal.
It is the latest in a series of moves aimed at reforming the Chinese police and other security agencies.
Last week, China said it was abolishing "re-education through labour" camps.
The system, which started in the 1950s, allowed the police to send anyone to prison for up to four years without a trial. It was almost impossible to appeal against a sentence under the system.
The new announcement comes a week after Chinese officials concluded a four-day, closed-door meeting in Beijing at which a number of reforms were agreed.
The Supreme Court has ordered lower courts to exclude evidence obtained by torture "in a bid to promote fair justice", state-run Xinhua news agency says.
"Evidence must be valued," Xinhua said, quoting a court document.
"The traditional concept and practice of a testimony being the most paramount should be changed, and more attention should be paid to examining and using material evidence," the document added.
The document also makes clear that courts should remain independent, must follow legal procedure and should not become involved in police investigations, Xinhua says.
However, enforcing a ban on this behaviour will be difficult, says the BBC's Celia Hatton in Beijing.
For years, the country's judicial and law enforcement agencies have issued joint pledges to stop using torture or accepting evidence obtained through torture, but the practice appears to be fairly common, our correspondent adds.
"In the judicial system in China the public security system is by far the most powerful institution, and there are effectively very few checks and balances on how it exerts its power," Nicholas Bequelin, of rights group Human Rights Watch, was quoted by Reuters news agency as saying.
One of the more high-profile recent cases involving torture had to do with a Chinese official who died during questioning by Communist Party investigators in April.
State media reported that Yu Qiyi's head was submerged under water several times during his interrogation for his alleged role in a corrupt land deal.
The investigators were eventually jailed after being found guilty of "intentional injury", according to reports.


India's main opposition Congress party has called a general strike in central Chhattisgarh state where 13 women have now died after botched sterilisation surgery at a state-run health camp.

Sixty women remain in hospital and at least 20 are in a critical condition following the tubectomy operations.
A team of doctors from the capital, Delhi, are being flown to the state to help out with the emergency.
Health camps are staged throughout India to control its huge population.
The Chhattisgarh government has ordered an inquiry into the deaths and Chief Minister Raman Singh has said "it appears the incident occurred due to negligence" by doctors.
The victims' families, all from poor families, have each been promised a compensation of about $6,600 (Â£4,150).
Four senior health officials have been suspended and a police complaint has been registered against the surgeon who performed the operations.
But the Congress party in the state has held protests and called a general strike to demand the resignation of the chief minister and Health Minister Amar Agrawal.
The shutdown is being supported by the state's chamber of commerce and several other organisations.
The impact of the protest is being felt in Bilaspur district where many schools are shut and there is little transport on the streets, reports BBC Hindi's Alok Putul from Bilaspur.
Female sterilisation works by sealing the fallopian tubes that carry eggs from the ovaries to the womb. This can be done using clips, clamps or small rings or by tying and cutting the tube - this stops the egg and sperm meeting, so pregnancy can't occur.
Eggs will still be released from the ovaries as normal, but they will be reabsorbed by the body instead.
The procedure is very effective and straightforward when carried out correctly and by a highly trained professional. But it is not without risks.
It requires an anaesthetic and there is a risk of damage to other organs during the procedure. There can be bleeding and infection too. It should also be considered permanent - it is difficult to reverse.
Why do Indian women go to sterilisation camps?
The tubectomies were carried out on 83 women on Saturday in Pendari village in Bilaspur district. According to government rules, one surgeon should only perform 35 operations in a day.
When the women were brought in, they were vomiting continuously and their blood pressure had fallen dramatically, the BBC's Yogita Limaye reports from the Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences in Bilaspur.
Doctors say their condition keeps fluctuating rapidly, and it is hard to say if anyone is out of danger, our correspondent adds.
A team of four doctors from Delhi's premier AIIMS hospital (All India Institute of Medical Sciences) is on its way to Chhattisgarh to help with the treatment of women admitted to four hospitals there.
Chhattisgarh health officials have denied any responsibility for the deaths, but some suggested that medics were under pressure from the authorities to perform too many sterilisation operations in too little time.
Preliminary examinations showed the deaths had been caused by infection or shock as a result of blood loss, state deputy health director Amar Singh told the Press Trust of India news agency.
But health officials told BBC Hindi that the cause of the deaths would be known only after post-mortem reports were available.
Botched sterilisation operations are nothing new in India.
In January 2012, three men were arrested in Bihar state for operating on 53 women in two hours. The men had carried out operations in a field and without the use of anaesthesia.
Authorities in India have been promoting family planning for several decades, trying to convince people to have smaller families.
The 2011 census shows that the country's population is now 1.2 billion, which means that India is on course to overtake China as the world's most populous nation by 2030.
More people live in the country than in the US, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan and Bangladesh combined.
Sterilisation camps are frequently held to carry out mass tubectomy operations for women - or vasectomies for men - and in some states, health workers receive money for each person they bring to a clinic to be sterilised.
Reports say a sum of about $10 was given to each of the women at the Bilaspur district camp.


Sevilla came from behind to beat Real Betis in their local derby and move level with La Liga leaders Real Madrid.

Betis left-back Riza Durmisi opened the scoring with a first-half free-kick, before Gabriel Mercado levelled from close range after the break.
Vicente Iborra stabbed home the winner with 14 minutes to play after Steven N'Zonzi flicked on Samir Nasri's free-kick from what appeared to be an offside position.
Madrid play on Sunday, as do Barcelona.
Zinedine Zidane's side play at Villarreal in a 19:45 GMT kick-off, and Barca, who now drop to third, travel to Atletico Madrid for a 15:15 kick-off.
In the earlier game on Saturday, Alaves came from behind to beat Valencia 2-1 at home.
Alaves, who play Barca in the Copa del Rey final on 26 May, move up to 10th, while Valencia, who beat Real Madrid 2-1 on Wednesday, stay 14th.
Match ends, Real Betis 1, Sevilla 2.
Second Half ends, Real Betis 1, Sevilla 2.
Attempt saved. Vitolo (Sevilla) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Wissam Ben Yedder.
Attempt missed. Riza Durmisi (Real Betis) left footed shot from outside the box is too high from a direct free kick.
Jonas Martin (Real Betis) is shown the yellow card.
Foul by Vitolo (Sevilla).
Álex Alegría (Real Betis) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Vitolo (Sevilla).
Jonas Martin (Real Betis) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Nico Pareja (Sevilla) is shown the yellow card.
Hand ball by Dani Ceballos (Real Betis).
Substitution, Real Betis. Felipe Gutiérrez replaces Petros.
Corner,  Sevilla. Conceded by Cristiano Piccini.
Cristiano Piccini (Real Betis) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Sergio Escudero (Sevilla) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Cristiano Piccini (Real Betis).
Attempt saved. Aissa Mandi (Real Betis) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Foul by Vicente Iborra (Sevilla).
Álex Alegría (Real Betis) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Gabriel Mercado (Sevilla).
Álex Alegría (Real Betis) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Sevilla. Joaquín Correa replaces Stevan Jovetic.
Steven N'Zonzi (Sevilla) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jonas Martin (Real Betis).
Foul by Samir Nasri (Sevilla).
Dani Ceballos (Real Betis) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Adil Rami (Sevilla).
Álex Alegría (Real Betis) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Goal!  Real Betis 1, Sevilla 2. Vicente Iborra (Sevilla) right footed shot from very close range to the bottom right corner. Assisted by Steven N'Zonzi following a set piece situation.
Attempt missed. Steven N'Zonzi (Sevilla) with an attempt from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Samir Nasri with a cross following a set piece situation.
Substitution, Real Betis. Jonas Martin replaces Alin Tosca.
Substitution, Real Betis. Álex Alegría replaces Antonio Sanabria.
Gabriel Mercado (Sevilla) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Antonio Sanabria (Real Betis).
Attempt missed. Steven N'Zonzi (Sevilla) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Sergio Escudero with a cross.
Attempt missed. Wissam Ben Yedder (Sevilla) left footed shot from the centre of the box is too high. Assisted by Sergio Escudero with a cross.
Nico Pareja (Sevilla) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Dani Ceballos (Real Betis).
Corner,  Sevilla. Conceded by Alin Tosca.
Attempt blocked. Stevan Jovetic (Sevilla) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Samir Nasri with a cross.


As electoral drama goes, Israeli election campaigns can be rather a slow burn.

They last for three months, which is long enough to sap the finances of the political parties and the energy of voters, battered by a never-ending string of cheap shots in cheap internet videos.
Campaign 2015 is coming to the boil rather nicely now with the latest opinion polls suggesting that a centre-left alliance is running ahead of the hawkish Likud Party headed by Benjamin Netanyahu.
That does not necessarily mean he will be forced from office - he could still form a right-wing coalition. But election night on 17 March promises to be an exciting affair.
Outsiders, though, might be surprised that the moribund state of the vexed peace process between Israel and the Palestinians has never felt like a major campaign issue.
It is there in the background all the time, of course, as the central historical and strategic issue that his faced this country since the Middle East war of 1967 when it captured Gaza from Egypt and the West Bank from Jordan.
It captured the Golan Heights from Syria too, but that raises a different set of strategic issues which are separate from this particular diplomatic equation.
Voters know that the Zionist Union - the name chosen for the alliance between Yitzhak Herzog's Labour Party and Tzipi Livni's movement Hatnuah - would approach the prospect of talking to the Palestinians about a "land-for-peace" deal with more enthusiasm than Mr Netanyahu.
At one point in the campaign there was a brief controversy about whether a speech Mr Netanyahu made six years ago, cautiously embracing the concept of the Two-State solution, was still valid.
His view appears to be that in an unstable Middle East where Iraq and Syria are disintegrating a newly-created Palestinian state could quickly become an ungoverned territory over-run by Islamist extremists.
His many detractors might see in that an excuse for avoiding a deal for which he did not have much enthusiasm in the first place, but part of Mr Netanyahu's pitch to the Israeli people is that he is cautious in such matters - a steady, statesmanlike hand on matters affecting Israel's security.
So while the peace process might be the prism through which outsiders tend to view Israeli politics, this campaign has centred much more on the economy - problems like the way in which the cost of housing outstrips the spending power of ordinary Israelis are front and centre.
And what political scientists call the low-participation rate of the ultra-Orthodox communities in the economy and in the army is a major fault-line between secularists like the Yesh Atid movement and the religious parties like Shas.
Yaakov Peri is a former head of Israel's internal security agency the Shin Bet - a job which required him to reflect deeply on his country's relationship with Palestinian society as he bore responsibility for neutralising the threat of militant groups.
Before the last coalition collapsed he was Minister of Science and Technology and this time around he is a candidate once again for the centrist Yesh Atid.
He says this is an issue where it is up to the government to lead.
"The Israeli public cares about the cost of living and housing and the street doesn't feel the urgency of a deal with the Palestinians or a regional approach," he told me.
"It's a reality and you should look at it when running an election campaign."
You get a sense of the tensions that brought down the last coalition when you discuss the same issues with Naftali Bennett, leader of the nationalist right-wing party Habayit Hayehudi who also sat in the outgoing cabinet.
He has said that there should never be a Palestinian state in the West Bank because to create one would be to create an existential threat to the Jewish State.
"It would," he said, "spell calamity for the future of Israel... handing land over to Palestinians doesn't bring peace, it brings catastrophe... This formula that the West is obsessed with, of land-for-peace simply doesn't work."
If the right wins the election, Mr Bennett is certain to be back in the cabinet where he would be a sceptical voice against any international diplomatic manoeuvring to get the two sides back to the negotiating table.
The Palestinian people of the West Bank and Gaza of course have no vote in Israel elections - although a small number in East Jerusalem who have applied successfully for Israeli citizenship are an exception to that rule.
But the Arab population of Israel itself - descendants of those who remained after the fighting in Israel's War of Independence in 1948-49 - does have the right to vote.
It makes up about about 15% of the electorate and that proportion will rise as its young people reach voting age.
The three traditional Arab parties have combined into a unified list which is hoping to raise the turnout in that community.
And if they succeed, one of their candidates Aida Touma Suleiman told me, they intend to put the peace process back on the national agenda - not least because they see a clear link between economic and security issues.
"This should be the centre of the campaign," Ms Suleiman said. "There's no issue you can discuss without making a connection to the continuation of the occupation and war policy that different governments have led in the last few years.
"If you want to talk about housing you need solutions that come with resources and then you should ask where the resources are in this country."
Over the course of the campaign, though, those kind of connections have not dominated the national debate here.
How quickly the issue re-asserts itself will depend on whether victory goes to the left or to the right.


Seven shortlisted designs for a new landmark in the middle of Edinburgh have gone on public display.

It is hoped a new pavilion to replace the Ross bandstand will revitalise West Princes Street Gardens.
The current Ross bandstand hosts hogmanay and festival concerts but lies empty most of the year.
The competition to design a new year-round arts venue attracted 125 entries. The Â£25m cost has been met by private and public funding.
Public views are being invited with judges due to announce the winning design in August.
The seven shortlisted architect firms are Adjaye Associates, Bjarke Ingels Group, Flanagan Lawrence, Page Park Architects, Reiulf Ramstad Arkitekter, wHY and William Matthews Associate Architects.