Prime Minister Theresa May has said Parliament will vote on the final deal that is agreed between the United Kingdom and the European Union.

This came after months of wrangling over MPs' role in scrutinising Britain's exit from the EU.
Theresa May confirmed that she would put "the final deal that is agreed between the UK and the EU to a vote in both Houses of Parliament, before it comes into force".
In other words, Parliament will vote on the final Brexit agreement, the 'divorce settlement', between the UK and the EU.
The EU and the UK do not yet seem to agree what the final Brexit deal will actually cover. EU representatives have suggested there will be two separate sets of negotiations - covering a withdrawal agreement and a new trade deal - while the UK government has suggested only one will be needed.
MPs will also get to vote on the Great Repeal Bill which will incorporate all existing EU legislation into UK law and come into force on the day that Britain leaves the EU.
As well as voting on the final Brexit deal, the prime minister has said that Parliament would have "the opportunity to debate and discuss" Britain's exit from the EU. This will be through debates in the House of Commons and Lords as well as scrutiny through select committees.
Parliament will not be able to amend the Brexit deal itself, but debates should provide an opportunity for MPs' voices to be heard.
However, the government has insisted that overall responsibility for Brexit negotiations with the EU will lie with the prime minister who will be supported by Brexit Secretary David Davis and his department.
Parliament voting down the deal would not stop Brexit. Britain would still leave within two years unless all 27 EU member states agreed to extend the deadline. The government agrees. Brexit Secretary David Davis told MPs "it's not the job of Parliament" to reverse the referendum decision.
Beyond that, it's not totally clear exactly what happens. If the House of Commons votes against a treaty, the government cannot immediately ratify it. If it wants to continue with the ratification process they must lay a statement in Parliament giving the reasons why it wants to proceed.
Twenty one sitting days later the House of Commons can vote again on whether to approve the treaty. If they vote down the treaty again, the process can be repeated, potentially blocking a treaty until the two year deadline set out in Article 50 is reached.
If the government decides not to proceed with the treaty they could return to the EU to seek changes to the deal.
Alternatively, they could accept Parliament's decision and leave the EU on World Trade Organisation rules. In principle, they could also call a referendum on the final deal, as the Liberal Democrats have suggested, although there seems to be little appetite for this in government. The final option would be to dissolve Parliament and call a snap general election.
The situation could be complicated further if MPs and peers voted separately on the terms of withdrawal from the EU and any future trading arrangements.
We don't know. However, although only 156 out of 650 MPs declared that they supported leaving the European Union before the referendum, Parliament overwhelmingly backed the government's Brexit timetable in a Commons vote last month.
Whether minds will be changed by the final deal depends on how the negotiation process rolls out over the next two years.
No. If the House of Lords votes against ratification, but the Commons does not, then a ministerial statement must be laid before the House of Lords explaining why the treaty should nevertheless be ratified.
It is enshrined in Article 50 that the withdrawal agreement will have to be approved by the European Parliament by a simple majority.
A number of EU representatives have suggested that the UK would only be able to negotiate a new trade deal after it has left the EU. Such a trade deal would also be subject to majority approval by the European Parliament.
Unlike the withdrawal agreement, the trade deal would also likely need to be approved by parliaments throughout Europe and could be vetoed by any of the 27 member states of the EU.
The problems encountered with drawing up the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership between the EU and the United States suggest this process could be slow and cumbersome.


Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg has criticised David Cameron's "ludicrous" tactics over the televised debates planned ahead of the general election.

The Lib Dem leader said Mr Cameron was "ducking and weaving, using other people as an alibi".
The PM has suggested the Democratic Unionist Party should be invited, having previously called for the Green Party to be included.
Revised plans from broadcasters would see two debates with seven parties.
The Green Party, UKIP, the SNP and Plaid Cymru would join Labour, the Conservatives and the Lib Dems in debates hosted by the BBC and ITV.
The other one, hosted by Sky and Channel 4, would be a head-to-head between Mr Cameron and Labour leader Ed Miliband.
Mr Cameron, who has said he wants the debates to go ahead, urged a rethink when the Greens were left out of the initial proposals, saying it was unfair for UKIP to be included but not Natalie Bennett's party.
After the new proposals were unveiled, he said he would be "delighted" to take part but did not understand, if Scottish and Welsh parties were included, why parties from Northern Ireland were not included.
On Tuesday he said "yes" when asked if he would take part if Northern Ireland parties were included, but in a later interview with Jeremy Vine on BBC Radio 2 he said he wanted the debates to take place before the election campaign started in earnest.
This was because he thought that they dominated coverage too much if they were held during the official campaign - which runs from 30 March.
On his LBC phone-in on Thursday, Mr Clegg, who wants to be included in all three debates, said the Conservatives' behaviour was "frankly increasingly laughable".
"I suspect next week he will be worried about the fate of the Monster Raving Loony Party, and after that, when they're in, possibly the tea lady as well, why is she not in the debates," he said.
"Why don't we just have everybody? It's just getting ludicrous."
He also questioned how a debate would be organised with so many people on the panel.
"By the time everyone's finished their one-minute introduction, the whole nation will have switched over to Coronation Street."
On Wednesday, Lib Dem minister Simon Hughes predicted the debates "probably" wouldn't go ahead because of the difficulty in finding agreement.
Labour leader Ed Miliband said Mr Cameron was "wriggling".
He added: "It's like the dog ate my homework excuse - a new excuse every day about why he doesn't want these to happen."
The broadcasters have rejected the DUP's request to be included.
In a joint statement, BBC, Sky and ITN said allowing only one of the Northern Irish parties to take part "would be unfair and discriminatory".
The proposed schedule is for debates to be held on 2 April, 16 April and 30 April in the run-up to the 7 May election.


Chinese internet users have mostly welcomed Beijing's decision to relax its one-child policy, though some have complained that the policy shift is too little, too late.

State media's announcement that families will be allowed two children if one parent is an only child triggered immense public interest and soon became one of the top trending topics on the Twitter-like Sina Weibo microblogging site.
Weibo user Shophiecho said he was "welling up", while Daddy2010 exclaimed: "This is the happiest news I have seen this year!"
Some have decided to put Beijing's new thinking into practice right away.
"To implement the leadership's new policy, we will get down to work tonight and secure a second baby," said Hevi2011.
Many would-be parents who are only children without siblings are relieved that their children will not have to endure the kind of loneliness they experienced.
"The next generation is saved from the suffering I went through as a lonely single child," said Backstage Monitor.
Allowing more people to have two children also means parents can get better care when they grow old, because "an only child is not just too lonely but also won't be able to take care of his parents in old age," as Stockholder commented.
Some netizens are already predicting a baby boom.
"Will next year, the Year of the Horse, see a peak of childbirth?" asked Yaxin.
But rising childcare costs in Chinese cities mean that many potential beneficiaries of the new policy will not be able to take advantage of it.
"I cannot even afford to raise one. How can I have another one?" said Little House.
Though most online comments have been positive about the new policy, some netizens lamented that the change has come too late for them.
Mxe, an apparent victim of China's draconian birth control measures, complained: "If this had been implemented earlier, I would not have lost my job."
Many people who would have wanted a second baby can no longer have one as they have passed their childbearing age.
"I've turned 44, and now you are telling me I can have a second baby," said Aoe518.
Some commentators suggested that the policy shift has come too late not just for individual families but also for the country as a whole.
Weibo user Unstoppable Future found the change "disappointing", saying: "Our reform and development needs a lot of manpower! China's shrinking workforce is already seriously affecting its GDP!"
Quite a few netizens blamed the slow pace of change on the government department in charge of China's family planning policy, which has allegedly insisted on maintaining the tight restrictions not for the benefit of the country but for its own selfish departmental interests.
"The Family Planning Commission has hijacked the state," commented Weibo user Haizhou.
In fact, the National Population and Family Planning Commission was merged into the Ministry of Health in March this year to form a new body called the National Health and Family Planning Commission.
But to some internet users, as long as the words "family planning" are still included in the title of the new body, its widely resented predecessor still exists.
"Disband the Family Planning Commission!" shouted user Big Dream VIP.
The sentiment was echoed by Zhou Fengtao, who asked, "Can't you completely liberalise childbirths and give the rights back to the people!"
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The German government says North African countries cannot expect German development aid if they are unwilling to take back failed asylum seekers.

Vice Chancellor Sigmar Gabriel said he was sending that message to North African leaders. Migrants from North Africa were blamed for many attacks on women in Cologne on New Year's Eve.
Germany may soon list Algeria and Morocco as "safe countries of origin".
Police detained 40 North African men in Duesseldorf on Saturday.
Police in the city, about 50km (30 miles) from Cologne, targeted North African gangs suspected of pickpocketing, mugging and drugs offences.
Nearly 300 people had their documents checked during the six-hour police operation, focused on the "Maghreb" quarter near the main railway station.
Police stressed that the operation was not connected to the Cologne New Year crimes, more than half of which were sexual assaults.
The Cologne authorities and federal government have come under intense pressure to adopt a tougher approach towards failed asylum seekers, after it emerged that many North Africans had systematically targeted women on New Year's Eve.
Last week police said 13 of the 19 suspects identified after the Cologne crimes were Moroccan.
In December, Germany saw a rise in the number of asylum seekers from Algeria and Morocco. The German Interior Ministry said the combined figure for both countries was well below 1,000 in June, but in December nearly 2,300 arrived from Algeria and nearly 2,900 from Morocco.
But most asylum claims from Algerians and Moroccans are rejected.
In a drive to tighten the rules, the German government has expanded its list of "safe countries of origin", to include West Balkan countries - Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia.
That designation gives the government firmer legal grounds for deporting migrants from those countries. International law recognises the right to asylum for those who face a threat of persecution or death in their homeland.
Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU) and their Bavarian CSU allies now argue that Algeria and Morocco should also be listed as "safe countries of origin".
Vice Chancellor Gabriel's Social Democrats (SPD) - coalition partners with the CDU/CSU - are open to that proposal. But a leading SPD politician, Burkhard Lischka, said it was more important to speed up the processing of asylum claims.
In many cases it takes more than a year for the authorities to decide whether to accept or reject an asylum claim.
About 1.1 million migrants reached Germany last year - a record number, putting great strain on local authorities to accommodate them. About 40% are Syrians, fleeing the country's civil war. The numbers from war-ravaged Afghanistan and Iraq are also greater than from Algeria and Morocco.
The migrant surge has bolstered support for right-wing Pegida and other anti-immigration groups.
Mr Gabriel said the priority was now to reduce the flow of migrants, "get the numbers down and secure the EU's external borders".
Speaking on ARD television, he said the government's message to Algeria and Morocco was that "Germany is ready to help with development, but only if the governments are ready to take back citizens who have no grounds for asylum in Germany".
"You can't receive development aid and not accept your own citizens back when they have no right to asylum," he said.
Usually the authorities in a migrant's home country demand clear evidence of his/her identity - but in many cases the migrant's passport or other ID is missing. Another complication is the migration route, as the migrant will often have spent a long time in a third country, and may have worked there.
A note on terminology: The BBC uses the term migrant to refer to all people on the move who have yet to complete the legal process of claiming asylum. This group includes people fleeing war-torn countries such as Syria, who are likely to be granted refugee status, as well as people who are seeking jobs and better lives, who governments are likely to rule are economic migrants.


A leading wildlife charity in Northern Ireland has said leaving the EU would have significant implications on its work.

RPSB NI said that voting to leave would lead to uncertainty over the protection of important sites.
The charity also claimed that EU agreements had been key to protecting birds and habitats.
The comments were made as part of a written submission to a parliamentary inquiry.
The Northern Ireland Affairs Committee at Westminster are conducting an inquiry into the impact of the EU referendum in Northern Ireland.
As part of their submission, RSPB NI said if the UK voted to leave, EU protections for species and habitats would "no longer mandatorily apply".
The charity claimed the EU had had a "positive impact" in other areas such as air and water quality and renewable energy targets.
It said international agreements on nature conservation and robust enforcement, were key to protecting birds and habitats.
Although RSPB NI said they have issues with certain aspects of the Common Agricultural Policy, the potential loss of agri-environment schemes within it - which pay farmers to conserve wildlife - would be "a concern".
The charity also questioned whether a Brexit would affect cross border habitat improvement schemes which attract EU funding.


Al Jazeera America will shut down its cable news channel despite spending heavily to break into the US market.

CEO Al Anstey said the business model "is simply not sustainable in light of the economic challenges".
Al Jazeera America launched in 2013 vowing to be a more serious and in-depth alternative to CNN and Fox News.
The Qatar-based broadcaster spent millions of dollars hiring top US journalists but struggled to bring viewers to its news programmes.
Al Jazeera promised to expand its coverage of the US online after the channel shuts down in April.
The network replaced Current TV, a network founded by former US Vice President Al Gore.
The Qatar-based broadcaster bought Current TV for around $500 million (Â£308 million).
Al Jazeera America was available in about 60 million American homes. Politico notes that the channel reached an average of 19,000 viewers each day in 2015, far fewer than its competitors.
The channel struggled with internal turmoil, as well, including multiple discrimination lawsuits that ended up ousting its founding CEO.


Swansea City Manager Garry Monk says some players' places are "under threat" after four games without a win.

The Swans failed to win a match in September and crashed out of the Capital One Cup away at Hull City after an unbeaten first month of the season.
Ahead of Sunday's Premier League game against Tottenham at the Liberty Stadium Monk admits he has "difficult decisions" to make.
"There are players that are itching to play," he said.
"I have a fully fit squad and I will always try and make the best of it when I'm picking a team.
"Everyone's positions will be under threat, that's why you have competition in the squad.
"The players know that if you don't perform your shirt is available. You have to fight every single day for that shirt."
After beating Manchester United and Newcastle and drawing with Chelsea in August, Swansea have picked up just one point from their last four Premier League games, and scored just one goal.
It is a run of results that has seen them drop to 11th in the table.
Though coy about which players were in line for inclusion, Monk believes an improvement is essential after the 3-1 defeat against Southampton.
"I think we all have taken a little bit of criticism in these recent performances, Southampton and Watford, and quite rightly so.
"We take that responsibility. We didn't perform as a team, not one player performed at that level and I accept responsibility for that as well.
"It's never a lack of commitment or effort. It's just about making sure we get back to a consistent level which was our biggest strength last season.
"The group take it as hard as anyone.
"The fans are always disappointed losing games but there's no one who hurts more than myself and the players."
Swansea have yet to beat Spurs since winning promotion to the Premier League, taking just one point from their eight meetings since 2011.
The North Londoners meanwhile have not lost in the Premier League since the opening day defeat at Manchester United.


Objects reputedly belonging to an infamous Victorian serial killer have gone on display.

Mary Ann Cotton, from West Auckland, County Durham, is widely believed to have killed three husbands, 10 children, a lover and her mother, collecting life insurance for each.
She was hanged in Durham Prison in 1873 for murdering her stepson with arsenic.
Beamish Museum is showing copies of her letters and a teapot in which Cotton is said to have brewed poisoned tea.
Some scenes from the ITV drama Dark Angel, based on the story of Cotton, were filmed at the museum last October.
Photographs of the television production will also be on display.
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The small, black Wedgwood teapot was donated to Beamish in 1972 but its provenance was unknown until 1989, when the museum received a letter from the daughter of the donor.
It revealed the GP who donated it had inherited it - via his step-mother - from his step-grandmother, who had reportedly been given the teapot by Cotton.
The County Durham museum said he had "never felt comfortable with ownership of the macabre relic and was persuaded by his family to send it to Beamish".
Also on show is a stool which is believed to have belonged to Cotton while she waited for her trial in Durham Jail.
A number of photocopies of letters have also been sent to the museum anonymously.
The museum said they had been sold to a dealer by a North Yorkshire auction house in 2013 and their present owner had bought them online, though it was unclear where they were in the intervening years.
Another batch of Cotton's letters found in her prison cell sold for Â£1,050 in September.


Rotherham United manager Alan Stubbs says referee Stuart Attwell made a "terrible decision" in their 2-1 defeat away at Huddersfield.

The Millers are bottom of the Championship having only won one game this season.
"It's such an obvious handball. It's not acceptable he can miss that," Stubbs told BBC Radio Sheffield.
"He's a former Premiership referee who should be getting basic decisions right."
Stubbs added: "I hope the assessor wasn't assessing him tonight. I thought there was a real lack of communication between referee and linesman.
"You had the linesman pointing for a corner, then suddenly raising his arm for a goal-kick.
"They were pausing for four or five seconds before making a decision. I thought they were pretty average."
Rotherham equalised in the 34th minute through Danny Ward's volley after trailing early in the game, but Huddersfield's Nahki Wells scored just four minutes later to take the Terriers back to the top of the Championship.
"It was by far our better performance away from home but we've come away with nothing," Stubbs continued.
"We have to do better. I'll keep beating the drum until they get it right. We're not good enough to give teams a start.
"I keep telling them you have to believe yourselves, without belief there's no point in turning up."


Eighteen days on from England lifting the World Cup at a sold-out Lord's, women's cricket will be back in spotlight.

A crowd of 26,000 packed into the ground for England's dramatic final win over India. More than 1.1 million in the UK tuned in to watch on television - more than the average for a Premier League football match.
Can the momentum and interest be maintained when the 2017 Kia Super League - the only women's professional domestic cricket tournament - begins on Thursday?
Clare Connor, the England and Wales Cricket Board's director of women's cricket, believes the competition is coming at the perfect time for fans and players.
"We have lots of the world's best players involved who have done well in the World Cup," Connor told BBC Sport. "We're lucky this tournament is so soon after, to continue to drive that awareness.
"It's now about trying to harness the enthusiasm that we saw for last month the women and it's down to us now to make the most of that."
Aside from pulling in record viewing, listening and readership figures, the World Cup drew in good crowds for the majority of games.
India's match against rivals Pakistan sold out at Derby, while England's group game against Australia was watched by more than 3,000 spectators.
There is also a significant overlap in the venues that England played at during the World Cup and those that the six KSL teams are set to feature at, including Taunton, Bristol, Derby and Leicester.
The first six games are double-headers with T20 Blast men's matches and will be shown live on television, along with Finals Day on 1 September, while several fixtures will be broadcast live on BBC Radio 5 live sports extra.
With World Cup final hero Anya Shrubsole, who will miss Western Storm's opening game against Southern Vipers because of a small side strain, player-of-the-tournament Tammy Beaumont and all-rounder Nat Sciver becoming more recognisable names, Connor believes there is no better time for women's cricket to engage with a brand new audience.
"We have the chance, with some of the World Cup performances of the players like Anya, Nat, and Tammy, to build the profile of those players and really connect to the public," said Connor.
"The fact that we won the World Cup puts us in a lovely position to be able to talk to say 'come and see the world champions in action near you'.
"They have got that visibility now after getting incredible coverage and our marketing team are working hard to try to communicate to those fans and match the enthusiasm with which everyone got behind the World Cup."
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Charlotte Edwards put behind the disappointment of losing the England captaincy and retiring from international duty to lead Southern Vipers to the inaugural KSL title in 2016, with a seven-wicket win over Heather Knight's Western Storm.
Dubbed the 'mum's army' by members of their team, their squad containing some experienced former England players, the Vipers won five of their six matches en route to the title.
All-rounder Arran Brindle showed she could still turn out for the national side, ending unbeaten in all four of her innings, making a high score of 45, and taking five wickets.
With the experience of New Zealand skipper Suzie Bates, Edwards, Brindle, as well as West Indies hard-hitter Hayley Matthews joining from Lancashire Thunder, the Vipers will be confident of defending their trophy.
Surrey Stars certainly look like the Vipers' biggest rivals this season.
Their team boasts three of the World Cup winners' best performers - Sciver, Beaumont and spinner Alex Hartley - along with South African pair Marizanne Kapp - one of the fastest bowlers in the world - and big-hitting Lizelle Lee.
Despite Lancashire Thunder ending last season bottom of the table with only one win, their chances are improved by having England wicketkeeper Sarah Taylor back among the ranks following her break from the game because of her struggles with anxiety.
Following a successful World Cup campaign in which she starred with the bat and excelled with the gloves, Taylor has strengthened a Thunder team which also features Australia all-rounder Jess Jonassen and New Zealand's power-hitter Amy Satterthwaite.
Chamari Atapattu (Yorkshire Diamonds): The Sri Lanka opener lit up the World Cup with a sensational unbeaten 178 against Australia, an innings that included 22 fours and six huge maximums at Bristol. Atapattu is also the first player from a South Asian team to play in the KSL.
Ellyse Perry (Loughborough Lightning): Regarded as one of the best all-rounders in world, Australia's Perry is formidable opening the bowling and batting at three. The 26-year-old was Lightning's top-scorer last season and led them to Finals Day.
Tammy Beaumont (Surrey Stars): After undergoing an incredible transformation over the past 18 months, Beaumont provides a steady head at the top of the order, with the type of explosive attacking flair that takes most teams by surprise.
Arran Brindle (Southern Vipers): The former England player impressed on her return to professional cricket in last year's tournament, offering middle-order power and the spin to surprise some of the world's best batters.
Sarah Taylor (Lancashire Thunder): The England wicketkeeper announced herself back on the big stage with a sensational century against South Africa in the World Cup and is tipped to excel in her first Super League season.
Stafanie Taylor (Western Storm): The West Indies all-rounder was in superb form for the runners-up in the inaugural Super League...
Danielle Hazell (Lancashire Thunder): "It is about being one step ahead of the game, it is such a short game that you've got to get on the front foot from the first ball. We're being thrown into the fire with the Roses match first up, I will try to keep myself in the ring and not too close to the boundary."
Amy Jones (Loughborough Lightning): "This tournament is the biggest thing for me this summer. I've been working very hard over the last few months to nail on my game plans for the Super League. It's a good opportunity for me to play in a competitive tournament and get my name back into the mix for the Ashes."
Tammy Beaumont (Surrey Stars): "We've got probably the freshest bowler coming in, Rene Farrell. She was really good for us and the domestic girls have seen what they have to do, they're the ones that are going to get us over the line this year. We had a great vibe last year, even if we didn't always put it onto the pitch."
Tash Farrant (Southern Vipers): "I was disappointed not to get selected for the World Cup but the Super League will be great for me, especially being involved in T20 stuff. This is the tournament to show what you can do."
Heather Knight (Western Storm): "It's quite a short, sharp tournament, so you've really got to hit peak form, and we are hoping that will be the case. We were probably a little bit batting-heavy last year so that's why with the overseas player we've gone for Holly Huddlestone, a bit more firepower and good bowling at the death as well."
You can listen to ball-by-ball commentary of Southern Vipers v Western Storm on BBC Radio 5 live sports extra and online from 14:15 BST on Thursday.


El Salvador's attorney general has issued about 300 arrest warrants for gang members suspected of "terrorist acts".

Last month, gang members paralysed public transport when they ordered drivers to go on strike.
They torched buses and killed at least seven drivers who did not comply.
El Salvador has one of the highest murder rates in the world, much of it caused by violence between two rival gangs.
Following a truce between the Mara Salvatrucha and the Barrio 18 gang, brokered in 2012, the murder rate dropped by 40%.
But as the truce crumbled, the number murders rose again.
So far in August, 24 people have been killed on average every day, police said on Monday.
Attorney General Luis Martinez said the gangs had "gone too far, they attack the police and prosecutors, they intimidate the population and force people to leave their homes".
This year alone, 41 police officers, 14 soldiers and a prosecutor have been killed.
Mr Martinez said the arrest warrants were part of "a new strategy to impose order".
The crackdown follows July's gang-imposed public transport strike which paralysed the capital, San Salvador.
The gangs called the strike as a means of pressuring the government into including them in talks on how to reduce urban violence.
President Salvador Sanchez Ceren has ruled out negotiating with the gangs.
There are an estimated 70,000 active gang members in El Salvador.


The chairman of a conservative think tank has called on Tory supporters to vote UKIP in seats where Nigel Farage's party is best-placed to defeat Labour.

Bow Group chairman Benjamin Harris-Quinney warned of "sleepwalking into a Labour government" without the tactic.
But his comments were disowned by all of the Bow Group's patrons, including Conservative grandees Lords Howe, Heseltine, Howard and Lamont.
They said people should vote Conservative "in all situations".
Polls suggest a hung Parliament is likely after 7 May, and Mr Harris-Quinney, whose comments were first reported in the Daily Telegraph, said he would prefer a Conservative majority.
But he said "few in the Conservative Party will acknowledge the reality that this is now very unlikely to happen, and without that acknowledgement we are sleep-walking into a Labour government".
He added: "We recognise the need to keep Ed Miliband out of Number 10, and the best way to do this is for Conservative voters to lend their votes to UKIP, who are best placed to beat Labour in many areas."
The Bow Group describes itself as "the United Kingdom's oldest conservative think tank" and "firmly housed in the Conservative family".
UKIP leader Nigel Farage welcomed Mr Harris-Quinney's endorsement.
But all of the Bow Group's patrons - which include former deputy prime minister Lord Heseltine, ex-Conservative leader Lord Howard and ex-chancellor Lord Lamont - distanced themselves from Mr Harris-Quinney's comments.
In a joint statement they said: "As patrons of the Bow Group we believe that this country's best interests are served by voting Conservative in all situations.
"Ben Harris-Quinney does not speak for us or represent our views."
Mr Harris-Quinney was challenged over his credentials during BBC Two's Daily Politics programme, and he rejected the notion that he was only speaking for himself when he called for Tory voters to vote tactically  for UKIP.
The think tank chairman, who said he was not a member of the Conservative Party, insisted that the paper was the product of a work of a number of people in the Bow Group, something which he said was customary.
But appearing on the same programme, Lord Heseltine asked, "who is this guy?", adding that he was "of no account".
"The Bow Group must have its own examination of how this guy, who is not a member of the Conservative Party, who is actively campaigning in a way that is incompatible with Conservative policy, has been able to produce this document," he said.
Meanwhile, the Independent newspaper has backed the continuation of the Conservative-Lib Dem coalition in its editorial.
The paper said a minority Labour administration reliant on the support of the SNP would be "a disaster for the country" and added: "For all its faults, another Lib-Con coalition would both prolong recovery and give our kingdom a better chance of continued existence."
The London-based Evening Standard newspaper also declared its hand, coming out in support of the Conservatives who would be "best" for the capital.


The iconic image of a bloodied Syrian boy in an ambulance has sparked international compassion but, asks Lina Sergie Attar, can it now transcend being just a hashtag or viral moment and become a movement to end the war?

"He looks like a statue." That's what my 11-year-old daughter said when she saw the video of five-year-old Omran Daqneesh covered in grey dust and fresh blood, sitting on a bright orange chair in an ambulance.
He sits in complete silence, staring ahead with deadened eyes.
The statue moves. He touches his bloody forehead and studies his hand with confusion.
Then little Omran does what every parent has witnessed their child do. After a moment's hesitation, he wipes his hand on the chair. Except our children have done the same with ketchup, ice cream, chocolate. Not blood.
Once again, the world has been shocked by the image of a Syrian child.
Omran was rescued with his family by the Syrian Civil Defence (also known as the White Helmets) after a reported Russian air strike hit his home in rebel-held eastern Aleppo on Wednesday.
His photo has been featured on the front page of every major international newspaper, discussed on the news, and has gone viral on social media.
It seems the end of summer has become a yearly tradition for the world to awaken to Syria's tragedy through the photos of its suffering children.
Three years ago, it was the images of gassed children from the Ghouta region outside Damascus, who suffocated to death after a chemical weapons attack on their neighbourhoods - widely blamed on regime forces - as they slept in underground bomb shelters.
They looked like perfect porcelain dolls lined up in a row, waxy and unblemished.
One year ago, it was the photo of Syrian toddler Alan Kurdi who washed up on a Turkish beach after drowning while trying to reach Greece with his family as they fled the war like millions of other refugees.
Alan captured the world's hearts and compassion with his red T-shirt, navy shorts, and sturdy little shoes - a universal toddler outfit - and became the symbol of the plight of refugees.
Omran is the Syrian icon of 2016.
Unfortunately, every year these images are followed by millions of tweets, likes, and shares; they inspire public outrage and an outpouring of compassionate donations to aid organisations; and then, after a few days or weeks, the image and the crisis are forgotten.
The world moves on. Air raids by the Syrian government and its allies continue to drop bombs of all sorts on civilians; so-called Islamic State (IS) continues to terrorise Syrians living under its control; the death toll rises and the refugee crisis continues to escalate.
The international community and the UN wring their hands. And then about a year passes and another image goes viral. Over and over.
Chemical weapons attacks, mass displacement, barrel bombs, air strikes, forced starvation, torture: every vile act of war imaginable has directly affected Syrian children since 2011.
For children like Omran, all he has known in his life is war.
For millions of Syrian children growing up during this gruelling conflict, their realities are bleak and their futures even bleaker.
If they stay in their homes, they are sitting targets of bombs and missiles. They may suffer hunger and illness if they live in besieged areas. They may not have access to schools or even access to safe passage to school.
If they leave with their families across Syria's borders to a neighbouring country, they may face being forced to work as child labourers to support their families.
Moving beyond the neighbouring countries' boundaries poses even greater risks: of drowning on the way to Europe; being trapped in detention camps; and finally, after reaching safe havens, they still are subjected to discrimination and hate campaigns.
Syrian children are unwelcome wherever they go.
This week, one image, one boy, one moment, was elevated above the dozens of moments that have happened every single day in Syria for the past five-and-a-half years.
Every day there are so many Omrans whose images you will never see and whose names you will never know.
And unlike lucky Omran, those kids don't survive.
This is not a hashtag moment. This is not a viral moment. This is a moment that must become a movement to end the war.
He looks like a statue. He stares at the camera, at us, in complete silence. Literally shell-shocked. As if he already knows that silence is the only appropriate response to what has just happened.
A child's crushing silence to match the world's deafening silence that Syrians know all too well.
Lina Sergie Attar is a Syrian American writer and architect. She is the co-founder and CEO of the Karam Foundation, which provides humanitarian aid to Syrians. @amalhanano


Channel 4 has removed all its full-length programmes from the video-streaming site YouTube.

The broadcaster is still promoting trailers, clips and interviews on the website but users trying to access shows are instead met with a statement.
"As a not-for-profit broadcaster funded by advertising, we put our money back into the programmes themselves," it reads.
It says it is directing viewers to its 4oD catch-up services instead.
The statement adds: "To make the best of this investment, we've decided to focus on bringing online viewers of our full-length shows to our own 4oD apps - such as those on iOS, Android and channel4.com.
"These apps also allow us to encourage more viewing by recommending programmes we think people will appreciate and to provide viewers with additional services."
Programmes on 4oD are still available across a range of platforms including Sky, Virgin Media and Freesat, on consoles such as Sony's PS3 and Microsoft's Xbox One and on apps for Windows 8, Windows Phone, iOS and Android devices.
The television brand says it will still maintain a presence on YouTube, with a press statement revealing some of its plans.
"Reflecting the ways in which our viewers consume Channel 4 content across digital and mobile platforms, our relationship with YouTube will now focus on short-form content," it says.
The move ends the previous deal Channel 4 had with the online streaming service, where its 4oD catch-up service was available on YouTube's UK site.
In 2009, when the partnership was announced, a joint statement said it was the "first time that a broadcaster anywhere in the world has made a comprehensive catch-up schedule available".
Popular Channel 4 series including Peep Show, Skins and Misfits had been available to view free of charge, as were other programmes from its sister stations, including E4.
Under the deal, each company took a share of revenues from any advertising sold around the programmes.
YouTube, bought by Google in 2006, is the biggest video-streaming site in the world.
Other UK broadcasters, including the BBC and ITV, currently make clips available on the video-sharing website.
Channel 4 was the first UK broadcaster to launch a video on demand service in late 2006, and was also the first to sell advertising around TV content online.
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The Court of Appeal will not give its decision on an appeal by footballer Ched Evans against his conviction for rape until April, judges have said.

The Wales international was jailed in 2012 for raping a 19-year-old at a hotel near Rhyl, Denbighshire.
The judges at the two-day hearing reserved their judgement after hearing submissions from Evans' legal team.
Evans, 27, was released from jail in 2014 after serving half of his five-year term.
The panel of three judges heard submissions from both Evans' legal team and the Crown Prosecution Service, with new evidence being considered.
The court was told a decision and reasoning would be given "as soon as possible in April", with reporting restrictions imposed at the start of the hearing kept in place until then.
The former Manchester City, Norwich and Sheffield United player has not been signed by a new club since his release from prison.


Equestrian rider Lee Pearson will carry the flag for Great Britain during Wednesday's opening ceremony of the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games.

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Pearson has won 12 Paralympic medals, including 10 golds, in four Games.
The 42-year-old needs two more golds to overtake wheelchair racer Tanni Grey-Thompson as Britain's most successful Paralympian of the modern era.
"I am so proud and honoured to be the flagbearer for such a talented, strong and passionate group," he said.
"Being a diverse character myself means being voted by the athletes themselves has made this even more special."
ParalympicsGB chef de mission Penny Briscoe said Pearson had been "a cornerstone" of the equestrian team since the 2000 Games in Sydney.
"The team will be proud to march out behind him," she added.
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This year's early Easter helped boost retail sales last month, according to a new report.

The SRC-KPMG Scottish Retail Sales Monitor found total Scottish sales fell in March by 0.1%, compared with a year ago.
However, when adjusted for deflation, sales increased by 1.9% in real terms.
Total food sales were up 0.5% over the year, which was the category's best performance for 11 months, while non-food sales were 0.7% lower.
Retail experts said sales were boosted by Easter, which was included in March's figures this year as opposed to April last year.
The Scottish Retail Consortium (SRC) said many people used the bank holiday break to spruce up their homes and gardens, benefiting furniture sales.
Health and beauty ranges were also popular in March as gifts for Mother's Day.
David Martin, SRC head of policy, said: "Following a strong increase in footfall, retail sales returned the best performance for almost a year in March and provided a welcome boost to what has been an otherwise sluggish first quarter in 2015.
"Whilst consumer confidence continues to rebound and the underlying economic conditions improve, much of the bounce was thanks to Easter falling two weeks earlier than last year.
"This allowed retailers to capitalise on the key trading days of Good Friday and Easter Saturday.
"Retailers have now enjoyed the Easter bounce so, looking ahead, April's figures may prove more challenging."


Security will be "intensified" at events in major cities and at UK borders in the wake of Friday's terror attacks in Paris, Theresa May has said.

Security plans will be reviewed and any necessary lessons learned, the home secretary said in a Commons statement.
Her comments come as the Metropolitan Police revealed there are 600 counter-terror investigations active in the UK.
Armed police will be deployed at the football match between England and France at Wembley Stadium on Tuesday.
Prince William, who is president of the Football Association, has decided to attend the friendly out of "solidarity to the people of France", the BBC's Peter Hunt said.
Multiple attacks on bars, restaurants, a concert hall and the Stade de France on Friday left 129 people dead, including Briton Nick Alexander from Essex. The Islamic State group has said it was behind the killings.
A minute's silence was observed across Europe at 11:00 GMT on Monday, including at Trafalgar Square and the French Embassy in London, as well as in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
Among hundreds injured is Callum MacDonald, 24, from Fort William in Scotland, who was in the Bataclan concert hall where gunmen opened fire. He is understood to be in a medically-induced coma.
Could it happen in the UK?
UK reaction to Paris attacks: Live coverage
Paris attacks: Latest updates
'It hurts the same as if I knew them'
Speaking in the Commons, Mrs May confirmed that new funding would be made available for an extra 1,900 security and intelligence officers at MI5, MI6 and GCHQ - an increase of 15%.
She said those who had attacked Paris "represent no-one and they will fail" to divide free countries such as Britain and France.
"France grieves but she does not grieve alone. People of all faiths, all nationalities and all backgrounds around the world are with you and together we will defeat them," she said.
The announcement on Monday that Britain's intelligence and security agencies are to be given a massive boost in resources has taken some there by surprise.
Expecting a modest boost in the coming Strategic Defence and Security Review, they have now been told they are to get a 15% increase in headcount, raising their numbers by 1,900.
For MI5, the Security Service and MI6, the Secret Intelligence Service, this will take some time to absorb, perhaps years. They will need to find, recruit, vet and train new intelligence officers largely from scratch.
But for GCHQ, the government's secret listening station in Cheltenham, it will be relatively easier for them to recruit already-qualified IT analysts and linguists from the commercial marketplace.
Deploying extra aviation security officers should also show results fairly quickly. They will be expected to assess security in overseas airports used by large numbers of Britons where security is suspected of being lax.
Mrs May said police and emergency services had been prepared for the possibility of a "marauding gun attack" in the UK since the 2008 Mumbai attacks, but plans would be reviewed in light of Friday's events.
"As soon as the attacks took place, we took steps to maintain the security of the UK," she said.
"The police have increased their presence on some streets and at some locations, and they will be intensifying their approach at events in big cities."
The UK's Border Force had intensified checks on people, goods and vehicles entering the UK - and was carrying out "targeted" security checks against passengers and vehicles travelling to France, the home secretary added.
She also said she would be lobbying her European counterparts for tighter gun laws across the European Union.
In other developments:
Mrs May said that in recent months, "a number of serious plots" had been disrupted in the UK, adding there could be "little doubt" that the threat posed by IS militants was evolving.
More than 750 people are thought to have travelled from the UK to Syria and Iraq, and approximately half of those have returned, she said.
The terror threat level in the UK has been at "severe" - meaning an attack is highly likely - since last August.
Earlier, UK Prime Minister David Cameron said world leaders had agreed to do more to share intelligence and cut off funding for terrorists, as the Paris attacks "underlined the threat we all face".
Speaking at the G20 summit in Turkey, he said the gap between Russia and the West's position on Syria "has been enormous", but now "everyone recognises the need for compromise".
Meanwhile in the UK, officers from the Met Police's Counter Terrorism Command unit are interviewing people returning from France who may have information.
The Met is also appealing for any potential witnesses to contact its anti-terrorist hotline, on 0800 789 321.
Bataclan concert venue, 50 Boulevard Voltaire, 11th district - 89 dead when stormed by gunmen, three of whom were killed; another gunman died nearby
La Belle Equipe,  92 rue de Charonne, 11th district - 19 dead in gun attacks
Le Carillon bar and Le Petit Cambodge restaurant at rue Alibert, 10th district - 15 dead in gun attacks
La Casa Nostra restaurant, 92 rue de la Fontaine au Roi, 11th district - five dead in gun attacks
Stade de France, St Denis, just north of Paris - explosions heard outside venue, three attackers and a bystander killed


Clare Balding is replacing John Inverdale as the host of the BBC's Wimbledon highlights show.

The move comes two years after Inverdale was accused of making sexist comments about women's champion Marion Bartoli.
Almost 700 people complained when he suggested the French player was "never going to be a looker".
Although Inverdale will remain as a commentator, Balding will present a new highlights show, called Wimbleon 2Day.
In a statement, the BBC said: "John Inverdale will take up a new role on TV commentary duties at this year's championship and we are looking forward to having him as part of the team.
"The introduction of Wimbledon 2Day, presented by Clare Balding, will provide a fresh new look for the highlights show and continue to develop the 'today at the games' brand which Clare presented at both the Sochi Winter Olympics and Commonwealth Games in Glasgow in 2014."
Inverdale got into trouble in 2013, when he asked his guest Lindsay Davenport about Bartoli: "I just wonder if her dad did say to her when she was 12, 13, 14 maybe: 'Listen, you are never going to be, you know, a looker.
"'You are never going to be somebody like a Sharapova, you're never going to be 5ft 11in, you're never going to be somebody with long legs, so you have to compensate for that. You are going to have to be the most dogged, determined fighter that anyone has ever seen on the tennis court if you are going to make it,' and she kind of is."
The BBC later apologised for the "insensitive" comments. Inverdale put the gaffe down to feeling unwell, and said he was "horrified" for Bartoli.
She never took offence at the comments, telling the Radio Times: "In my mind it was never really a story.
"I'd known John a long time, and I knew what he was trying to say. Everyone starts with their own assets, not everyone is born the same way, but the point is that in sport - in life in general - the message is, if you have determination you can still make it happen."
Inverdale continues to front ITV's tennis coverage, where Bartoli is one of his co-presenters.


The past few months - if not the whole year - have seen a constant stream of warnings about impending Armageddon in the health service.

We have heard how the system has reached various levels of crisis from "tipping point" and "breaking point" to "on the brink of collapse".
But is it really that bad? And if so, what can we expect in 2017?
Firstly, let's put these predictions in context. Perhaps the most significant warning of recent months came from the Care Quality Commission. In is State of Care report, in October, the regulator said the system was at a "tipping point".
By that, it didn't mean the whole system was about to collapse. The NHS has always found - no matter how acute the pressures - a way of carrying on. It simply prioritises the most in need.
So what was the CQC getting at? Put simply, it was saying the health and care system had reached the point where the gradual deterioration in standards had gathered such momentum that another drop and the rate of deterioration would accelerate exponentially.
So what could that mean for patients? Longer waiting times for sure. Key targets are already being missed. One in 10 patients in England is currently waiting longer than four hours to be dealt with in A&E. This is the worst performance since the target was introduced in 2004. And in Wales and Northern Ireland, the situation is even worse.
But if you want to know how bad it could get, the worst performers give us a clue. In some hospitals, a third of patients have to wait longer than four hours to be seen.
The waiting list for non-emergency operations, such as knee and hip replacements, is also getting worse. Soon there will be 4 million people waiting for an op - that is one in 13 people. So far, the NHS has managed to keep the long waiters - those waiting more than six months or even a year - down to a bare minimum. But as the NHS can only see about 300,000 patients a month, it seems pretty clear that is going to change.
The frightening thing for ministers - and in particular the Treasury - is just how much cash the NHS is swallowing. Over Â£130bn is spent on the health service across the UK. In England, the budget was increased by 4% in real terms this year.
But still it hasn't got enough. Hospitals continue to rack up deficits. And while the NHS will undoubtedly still manage to balance its books by year end in March because of surpluses elsewhere, the prospects for the next financial year are much gloomier.
The 2017-18 year will see a much smaller rise in the budget - under 1% once inflation is taken into account.
That - to borrow a phrase from former Manchester United boss Sir Alex Ferguson - really will be squeaky bum time. Yes you can always argue the Treasury will step in and provide more funds, but no area of government spending has had as generous a settlement as the NHS. Tough questions will be asked and cuts will undoubtedly have to follow.
Talking of cuts, isn't there a whole host in the pipeline? Yes. In the coming months expect to hear plenty about the catchily named sustainability and transformation plans.
There are 44 of them covering the whole of England and some are pretty radical - involving closures of A&E and maternity units and, in some cases, whole hospitals. Consultations are likely to be getting under way over the next few months and these are bound to provoke local protests.
Another hot topic at the moment is social care - and that brings us back nicely to the original warnings of Armageddon. This covers the council-funded services provided to disabled and elderly people, such as care homes and help in the home for daily tasks such as washing and dressing. And it is what is happening in this sector which many believe could be the straw that "breaks" the camel's back.
At a time when the population is ageing you would think more and more people would be getting help. But the opposite is true. The number of over-65s being helped has fallen by over a quarter in the past five years. This is seen as critical, because the cuts have been linked to the rising numbers of older people turning up at A&E. The care system and NHS are - it is argued - two sides of the same coin.
The government has already tried to take action. Before Christmas, ministers announced that councils would be able to raise council tax more quickly than had been  planned. But the jury is out on whether this will actually lead to that much more money being invested in services. And with four times as many people sitting outside the council care system (once you combine those getting no care, paying for it or relying on family) as are inside, any impact is going to be limited.
So where does that leave us? Seasoned observers have started talking about a return to the 1990s when images of overcrowded hospitals and stories of patients waiting years for treatment dogged John Major's Tory government at almost every turn. Could the same happen to Theresa May?
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Creating a differential between income tax bandings north and south of the border "will set a dangerous precedent", a business leader has said.

Scotland's finance secretary Derek Mackay confirmed in his draft budget he would not replicate the UK Treasury's tax cut for higher earners.
Scottish Chambers of Commerce (SCC) chief executive Liz Cameron warned that higher taxation could harm growth.
But business organisations welcomed his plans to reduce business rates.
Mr Mackay said he would not change income tax rates or bands - but the 40% threshold would only rise by inflation, to £43,430 in Scotland.
The higher tax rate will start at £45,000 elsewhere in the UK.
Ms Cameron said that growing the economy rather than increasing taxes would "provide the most sustainable route towards boosting tax revenues and thus public sector spending".
She added: "If Scottish businesses are taxed more and Scottish-based staff are taxed more, then that would not seem to be a situation designed to attract investment and grow Scotland's economy."
The Federation of Small Businesses (FSB) said it made sense for Scotland "in these uncertain times" to try to maintain the same income tax rates as the rest of the UK.
Scottish policy convener Andy Willox said: "We acknowledge and welcome that ministers have moderated their proposals on tax thresholds, but, on balance, this is not the time for greater income tax divergence north and south of the border."
However, both SCC and FSB welcomed moves in the budget on business rates.
Ms Cameron welcomed a commitment to reduce business rates poundage by 3.7% to 46.6p, resulting in an overall decrease in rates revenues.
She also backed the expansion of 100% relief to businesses with a rateable value of up to £15,000.
But Ms Cameron added that despite plans to increase the threshold of the Large Business Supplement from £35,000 to £51,000, "the fact remains that this surcharge continues to make Scotland the highest taxed nation in the UK in terms of business rates and this damages our competitiveness".
Mr Willox said: "By giving full rates relief to 100,000 Scottish firms, the government has lifted the prospects of smaller businesses facing a tough 2017."
Business advisers PwC said it was a budget that had "tried to improve the lot of many people and businesses in the country while also remaining within its means".
Regional chairman Lindsay Gardiner said: "There is something positive for both larger and smaller businesses, including the £500m Scottish Growth Scheme, which will provide support to businesses seeking access to finance.
"For the smaller businesses, the raising of the Small Business Bonus Scheme threshold from £10,000 to £15,000, giving firms with a rateable value of less than that 100% tax relief, will bring some help.
"Equally, the business rate reduction in the poundage rate to 46.6p is going to be welcome.
"All of these will be a cheer for the smaller and medium-sized businesses which make up the majority of the Scottish business community."


A scheme to reduce ferry fares to and from the Northern Isles is to be rolled out next year.

Minister for Transport and the Islands, Humza Yousaf, said Road Equivalent Tariff (RET) would be introduced on Pentland Firth routes, with a variant for Aberdeen to Kirkwall and Lerwick.
RET allows fares to be realigned with the equivalent cost of travel by road.
It is expected to see foot passenger fares cut by an average of more than 40%, with car fares down more than 30%.
Mr Yousaf said: "During my first visit to the Northern Isles as Transport Minister I committed to ensuring we would reduce ferry fares as soon as practically possible.
"These significant fare cuts will be rolled out in the first half of 2018.
"It is also our intention to include the commercial operators on the Pentland Firth in this scheme, and we will work with them to put a suitable system in place to allow that to happen.
"This reduction in fares will make ferry travel to and from the Northern Isles even more attractive for islanders and tourists.
"It also brings fares into line with those on the Clyde and Hebrides network, ensuring parity and supporting our aim of having one overarching fares policy across our ferry services."
Northern Isles MSPs Liam McArthur and Tavish Scott both welcomed the news, and praised campaigners.
Orkney Lib Dem MSP Mr McArthur said: "I am grateful to all those in Orkney and Shetland who supported the campaign for fair ferry fares.
"It has been a long time coming but shows the importance of standing up for what's right and not taking no for an answer."


Swansea has strengthened a century-and-a-half association with one of China's fastest-growing cities.

It has signed of an agreement with Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province.
It will see authorities cooperate in the fields of economy and trade, transport and logistics, culture and sports, and education and tourism.
Links between the two began in 1855, when Swansea's Griffith John founded the Wuhan Union Hospital.
He set sail for China as a penniless 24-year-old missionary with a zeal to spread the gospel through good works.
The hospital he founded is now, 150 years later, one of China's biggest - with more than 5,000 inpatient beds and treating 3.5 million patients annually.
For the past four years Wuhan Union Hospital has been collaborating with Swansea University's Medical School.
The new broader agreement between Swansea and Wuhan was signed on Monday during a Chinese delegation visit to Swansea's Guildhall.
Councillor Robert Francis-Davies, Swansea council's cabinet member for enterprise, development and regeneration, said: "The agreement we've signed with Wuhan will have benefits for both cities because it will enable us to learn from one another in areas ranging from transport and health to education and tourism.
"Wuhan is the engine of central China's economy, so we look forward to hearing their ideas and sharing examples of best practice with them to improve Swansea as a city in future."


The latest talks aimed at reunifying Cyprus have ended without a deal.

The Greek- and Turkish-Cypriot communities have been split since conflict erupted in 1974. A UN buffer zone separates the two sides.
A round of UN-backed talks in Switzerland, which began in January, were seen as the best chance to move towards a two-state federation.
But despite some signs of progress, the negotiations were deadlocked and called off early on Friday.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres told reporters: "Despite the very strong commitment and engagement of all the delegations and the different parties... the Conference on Cyprus was closed without an agreement being reached."
The admission came hours after he flew in to meet Greek Cypriot President Nicos Anastasiades and Turkish Cypriot leader Mustafa Akinci, and after US Vice-President Mike Pence had phoned the leaders urging them to "seize this historic opportunity".
At the start of the talks, Mr Guterres had said he was hopeful a deal was "very close".
One of the sticking points was over whether 30,000 Turkish troops could stay on after reunification.
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said removing them was "out of the question" unless Greece committed to removing its 1,000 troops.
Another obstacle to the deal was the question over how to return property to tens of thousands of Cypriots who fled their homes when Turkey invaded the north of the island in 1974.
That invasion was in response to a military coup on the island which was backed by the Athens government.
The UK, Greece and Turkey currently maintain Cyprus's security.
The two British military bases on the island would not have been affected by the negotiations.


A father who inflicted "catastrophic" brain injuries on his baby by shaking him has been convicted in his absence after absconding during his trial.

Zsolt Lakatos, 31, from Hungary, admitted shaking his son on two separate occasions in 2015, but had denied intending to cause harm.
Liverpool Crown Court was told the four-month-old suffered bleeding on the brain and would need life-long care.
Lakatos, who had been living in Walton, was sentenced to 13 years in prison.
The 31-year-old, of Ashdale Road, gave evidence to the court on Friday but failed to return to court for sentencing.
During the trial, the court heard that the first time Lakatos shook his son in what he said was "a moment of frustration" when the baby would not stop crying, the boy suffered bleeding on the brain and four fractured ribs.
Those injuries only came to light when Lakatos shook him more forcibly, two to six weeks later, the jury was told.
The boy suffered further bleeding on the brain, a fractured right shin bone and retinal haemorrhaging.
The court was told that although there had been some improvements in his condition, the child - now 22 months old - has significant visual impairment and can only roll over with help.
Sentencing Lakatos, Judge Robert Trevor-Jones said the boy would "require nursing care for the rest of his life".
He has "a cocktail of complicated physical and emotional health needs", he said, and was "unlikely to... pursue any form of independent and properly mobile life".
A warrant has been issued for Lakatos' arrest.


A terminally ill man has won the right to bring a High Court challenge over the law on assisted dying.

Noel Conway, 67, asked the Court of Appeal to overturn a decision that prevented a judicial review over the blanket ban on providing a person with assistance to die.
The retired college lecturer, who has motor neurone disease, is not expected to live for more than 12 more months.
Mr Conway, from Shrewsbury, was diagnosed with the disease in 2014.
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Mr Conway, who lives with his wife and son, used to enjoy climbing, skiing, walking and cycling, but is now dependent on a ventilator overnight, requires a wheelchair and needs help to dress and eat.
He wants a declaration that the Suicide Act 1961 is incompatible with Article 8 of the Human Rights Act, which relates to respect for private and family life, and Article 14, which protects from discrimination.
He told judges in previous hearings he faced an "unbearable death", but lost a High Court bid on 30 March to challenge the law.
His lawyers have said that when Mr Conway has less than six months to live but still has the mental capacity to make the decision, "he would wish to be able to enlist assistance to bring about a peaceful and dignified death".
The judgement means that Noel Conway will now get a full hearing - a judicial review of the 1961 Suicide Act.
At the earlier High Court hearing, two out of three judges had ruled that this should not be allowed, primarily because two years ago MPs voted against changing the law to permit assisted dying.  Lord Justice Burnett said it would be "institutionally inappropriate" to go against the "settled will" of Parliament.
But in the Appeal Court, Lord Justice Beatson and Lord Justice McFarlane said that should not prevent challenges to the law whatever the "fragility" of the prospects.
If Noel Conway was to win his case it would undoubtedly be appealed and potentially go all the way to the Supreme Court. Any further consideration of the law by Parliament might take years.
The case will be the first High Court challenge to the existing law since MPs rejected an attempt to introduce assisted dying in 2015.
Mr Conway, whose incurable neurological condition causes weakness and wasting in the limbs, had hoped a judicial review would ultimately result in terminally ill adults who meet strict criteria being able to make their own decisions about ending their lives.
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But two out of three High Court judges refused his request last month.
Now, the case will go back to the same court to be heard in full, following Wednesday's appeal court ruling by Lord Justice McFarlane and Lord Justice Beatson.
Tom Davies, from Dignity in Dying which has been supporting Mr Conway, said he was "delighted" the retired lecturer "would have his day in court".
He said that although any judgement might come too late for him, he said Mr Conway had always said it was not just for him.
"People deserve a choice... if he doesn't get to benefit then hopefully the many hundreds of others who have supported this case will."
It will also be the first such case since right-to-die campaigners lost their appeal before the Supreme Court in 2014,
Mr Conway's wife, Carol, described his diagnosis as "devastating" when the couple spoke to the BBC in January.
He said he feared becoming "entombed" in his body as his health deteriorated.
The 1961 Suicide Act makes it a criminal offence punishable by up to 14 years in prison for anyone to assist in a suicide.
The 2014 case brought before the Supreme Court made it clear that it was up to Parliament to deal with any decision on amending the law.
A year later, MPs rejected plans for a right-to-die law in England and Wales, in their first vote on the issue in almost 20 years.


Referee Nigel Owens has welcomed the ban of two people for shouting homophobic abuse at him during England's loss to New Zealand.

The Welsh official, 43, who is the first openly gay man to referee at the highest level, said he would be willing to meet the supporters.
"I'd tell them to think twice about saying things," Owens told BBC Radio 5 live.
"They go to the stadiums, get drunk and think its fine to shout abuse."
Owens took charge of the Twickenham Test on 8 November - when other supporters sitting nearby reported the abuse to the Rugby Football Union.
The two fans have been banned from Twickenham for two years and must also pay £1,000 each to a charity of Nigel Owens' choice.
A second investigation is still ongoing into a separate incident of alleged homophobic abuse in a different part of the ground.
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The official, who is one of the assistant referees at Twickenham on Saturday for England against Australia, praised the RFU for coming down hard on discrimination.
But he said rugby has become "more accessible to people who are probably not traditional rugby supporters".
"It's up to rugby people in the stadium saying 'that's not acceptable in this sport' so we can get rid of them from the game," he said.
The official revealed he would be willing to meet the banned supporters to hear their explanations of "exactly what they said and why they said it".
"I'd tell them to think twice about saying things, because it's not me they're hurting, it's the young kid sitting in the row in front who's maybe dealing with their own sexuality. The most difficult thing I ever had to do in my life was accepting I was gay. It's someone sitting two seats away, going through what I went through, dealing with who they are, who are the people they're putting in danger.
"I've been there myself and I know they can tip you over the edge, I had a second chance, let's make sure that we don't put other people in that situation - because there's no need for it in society and no need for it in life.
"People say that I've broken down barriers by being a gay man in sport, but the true heroes here are the ones who don't stand by, who stand up and bring it to the attention of the governing bodies."
RFU chief executive Ian Ritchie said: "While instances of this nature are exceptionally rare, the RFU takes rugby's values of teamwork, respect, enjoyment, discipline and sportsmanship very seriously, and is determined to uphold them.
"We are all guardians of these aspects of the game, on and off the pitch, and it is these values which make the sport special."
The RFU was told of the abuse by other supporters.
Owens was appointed an international referee in 2005 and announced he was gay two years later.
He has since officiated at the 2007 and 2011 World Cups, and was only the second man to referee two consecutive Heineken Cup finals - in 2008 and 2009.
Before alerting the RFU, supporter Keith Wilson wrote a letter to the Guardian newspaper stating a group of supporters shouted "nasty, foul-mouthed, racist, homophobic abuse" at the official during England's 24-21 defeat.
After the incident came to light, England head coach Stuart Lancaster said: "We applaud the stance the RFU are taking and the investigation.
"We have got to understand the pressures that people are under and be supportive. That is all we want to achieve with referees."
Owens - who attempted suicide before coming out as gay - has been cited as an inspiration for the gay and lesbian community.
He has previously admitted considered quitting as a result of the sometimes vicious comments made by supporters.


Football Association chairman Greg Dyke has questioned if any World Cup bid has been won without "a pile of bungs".

Wolfgang Niersbach quit as president of the German football federation (DFB) amid claims payments were made to officials at world football's governing body Fifa during the bidding process for the 2006 World Cup.
Germany beat England, South Africa and Morocco to host the 2006 event.
"It is like The Archers. Every week something is happening," said Dyke.
"You begin to be convinced almost no World Cups have been allocated without a pile of bungs," Dyke added.
The Germans beat South Africa by one vote after New Zealand delegate Charles Dempsey abstained.
Niersbach denies any wrongdoing but said he had taken the decision to quit in order to "protect the DFB". He remains a member of Uefa and Fifa executive committees.
In October, the head of Germany's organising committee, Franz Beckenbauer, said he made a "mistake" in the bidding process to host the 2006 World Cup, but denied that votes were bought.
The 70-year-old denied sending "money to anyone in order to buy votes" in a statement on 18 October, but gave further details after being questioned by a law firm hired by the DFB to investigate the claims.
"In order to get a subsidy from Fifa [for the organisation of the 2006 World Cup] those involved went ahead with a proposal from the Fifa finance commission that in today's eyes should have been rejected," he said.
Beckenbauer has also recently been investigated by Fifa as he was one of 22 men to vote on the 2018 and 2022 World Cups. He was provisionally banned by Fifa for "failing to co-operate" with its ongoing inquiry into the bidding process.
Dyke's comments come after a World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) commission report recommended Russia should be banned from athletics competition.
Wada's independent commission examined allegations of doping, cover-ups, and extortion in Russian athletics.
Dick Pound, author of the damning report, has said Russian sports minister Vitaly Mutko - who is also on Fifa's executive committee - must have been aware of the level of cheating.
Mutko has denied knowledge of any wrongdoing, but Dyke questioned whether he should stay on the board of world football's governing body.
"I don't know where it ends," said Dyke. "You need a completely reformed organisation because you can't carry on like this.
"Whether someone who is involved in all that can stay on the board of Fifa is something Fifa needs to address very quickly. There has to be a question mark."
Two weeks ago, suspended Fifa president Sepp Blatter suggested there was an agreement in place for Russia to host the 2018 World Cup - before the vote took place.
And now England, the Netherlands and Belgium are seeking legal advice over whether to claim compensation for the cost of their respective failed bids.
The Dutch and Belgian bid, which cost 10m euros (£7m), went up against another joint venture from Portugal and Spain, as well as individual entries from England and Russia.
England were eliminated after the first round of voting, while the Dutch-Belgian bid finished third in the second round, and Russia went on to be declared winners.
Belgian FA president Francois de Keersmaecker said: "In agreement with our Dutch colleagues we have asked a legal firm to see if we can claim for compensation.
"It was unethical to allow us to incur unnecessary costs while the outcome of the bidding process had already been determined."


US actor Robert Downey Jr has been granted an official pardon for a drug conviction that sent him to prison nearly 20 years ago.

California Governor Jerry Brown announced pardons for 91 people who had been out of custody for 10 years and proved they had turned their lives around.
The conviction will remain on his record but the actor twice-nominated for an Oscar will have his voting rights restored.
In 1996, police found cocaine, heroin and a pistol in his car when they stopped him for speeding.
Downey Jr, who is best known today for his role as 'Iron Man' in a series of Marvel films, was sent to prison in 1999 after violating his probation.
He had achieved early success in Hollywood after making his screen debut at the age of five, but went on to fall victim to drink and drugs, before spending time in rehab and rekindling his commercial success.
A proclamation from Mr Brown's office says Downey Jr has "lived an honest and upright life, exhibited good moral character, and conducted himself as a law-abiding citizen".
It went on to say he "has paid his debt to society and earned a full and unconditional pardon".
Mr Brown has issued hundreds of pardons in each of his four terms in office, usually doing it around Christian holidays.
Most people pardoned along with Downey Jr had been found guilty of nonviolent drug and property crimes.


An appeal has been launched to trace the families featured in a series of pictures taken in some of England's poorest and most deprived areas.

The images were taken by photographer Nick Hedges in the 1960s and 1970s for housing charity Shelter in some of the country's biggest cities.
He said the conditions some families lived in "shocked me to the core".
An exhibition will be held later this year in Sheffield, Birmingham and Manchester to mark Shelter's 50th year.
The images were taken in Birmingham, Manchester, Salford, Newcastle, Leeds, Bradford, Sheffield, London and Liverpool.
Mr Hedges said: "It would be wonderful to meet the children I photographed all those years ago and for them to be able to tell their stories.
"I often wonder what happened to them, if they went on to lead happy and healthy lives."
"When I was commissioned by Shelter to take these photographs, I never imagined that decades later they would still have such impact," said Mr Hedges.
"The poverty and terrible conditions I witnessed shocked me to the core.
"I hope that all these years later, by reconnecting with some of those I photographed, I am able to hear good news of what happened to the families."
Campbell Robb, Shelter's chief executive, said: "We would love to hear the stories of the people behind these iconic pictures to help us mark 50 years of fighting bad housing and homelessness.
"I'd encourage anyone who recognises themselves, or family members and friends, to get in touch and let us know what happened after they were taken."
"These photographs are a sobering piece of history not only for Shelter, but the nation as a whole, and it's important to preserve the stories behind them.
"They show us how far we have come, but also that we must do more for the tens of thousands of families and individuals still desperate for a safe, secure and affordable home."
The charity is asking anyone who recognises themselves or anyone else in the images to email: stories@shelter.org.uk or call: 020 7505 2032.
For a full gallery of images go to click here.


PSA Peugeot Citroen offices have been raided by anti-fraud investigators as part of ongoing investigations on pollutants in the car industry.

The firm said its vehicles are emissions compliant.
Meanwhile, UK government testing has found no evidence of car manufacturers apart from the VW group fitting devices to cheat emissions testing.
However, the UK said real world emissions were higher than lab testing conditions for all manufacturers.
Authorities and car manufacturers have been on the alert in the wake of the Volkswagen emissions scandal, which emerged in late September.
Volkswagen (VW) admitted its diesel-engine cars had been fitted with computer software designed to flatter emissions data during tests, and on Thursday said it had reached a US deal to offer "substantial compensation" and car buy-backs.
Peugeot said on Thursday it had been "the subject of a visit and a seizure by France's General Directorate for Competition Policy, Consumer Affairs and Fraud Control (DGCCRF)".
"PSA Group confirms compliance of its vehicles in pollutant emissions in all countries where it operates", it said in a statement.
"Confident in its technologies, PSA Group is fully cooperating with the authorities" the firm added.
In January competitor Renault was subject to police raids on its factories.
Meanwhile, the UK government said its vehicles testing programme had uncovered "no evidence of car manufacturers, apart from the VW Group, fitting devices to defeat the approved emissions test programme."
It said tests had been carried out on 56 different vehicle types in Germany and 37 different vehicle types in the UK over a period of six months.
The Department for Transport said it had "tested a representative selection of the UK's top selling diesel vehicles".
It said for all of the manufacturers tested, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were higher in real world conditions and on the test track than they were under laboratory conditions, with "results varying significantly between different makes and models."
For example, testing of nitrogen oxide emissions for car models such as the Honda CRV, the Volvo V40, Mercedes E250, Peugeot 208 and Range Rover Sport found they exceeded the Euro 5 limit of 180mg per kilometre in real world conditions.


New Edinburgh centre Sasa Tofilau is primed for his Pro12 debut after a rapid switch from the 'jungle rugby' of the Scottish club game's third tier.

The Samoa-born 22-year-old was playing for Kirkcaldy in Scottish National League Two last season.
But after being invited to a trial for Edinburgh's A team, he then starred in their victory at the Melrose Sevens.
A one-year contract offer followed, and Tofilau is now set for his Pro12 debut after playing both pre-season games.
Tofilau explained: "I had no deal back home in New Zealand and Quintan Sanft [Kirkcaldy's head coach, who won two caps for Samoa in 2000] phoned me up and said 'why don't you come over here and experience Edinburgh?'
"I heard Edinburgh was an awesome city so I thought I'd tick it off my bucket list, and that is how it all happened."
Tolifau is a former member of the Chiefs development squad in Waikato, and has also played for Australia's Under-20s.
But the transition from the third division of Scottish club rugby in Fife to the professional game in the past two months has been abrupt.
"Kirkcaldy was 'no structure' rugby, more 'jungle rugby', that is what I call it - everyone flying everywhere," Tolifau said.
"Coming to Edinburgh has definitely woken me up and added a lot more skills to my game. We have some awesome coaches and [backs coach] Duncan Hodge has taken me under his wing.
"He has told me it takes time, be patient - I will learn things slowly and there is no rush.
"It has been awesome so far. It is probably the toughest training I have experienced in pre-season, but I have enjoyed it. I am very grateful for the opportunity I have been given.
"Coming from the outside, I definitely have something to prove so if I start this week against Cardiff Blues, I will cherish the moment."
If the 16st 12lb Tofilau, who emigrated to New Zealand with his family as a five-year-old, holds true to his Samoan roots, Edinburgh may discover a new dimension to their attacking game.
"I like the ball in hand and I also like defence a lot," he said. "But I think I bring a different kind of flair to the backline - I like to attack and offload and put my wingers in space.
"Our forwards are awesome at the set-piece so I just have to focus on my job of breaking the gain-line. Fortunately, I have Phil Burleigh and Duncan Weir to help me out.
"Phil has really helped me out in terms of the midfield and his knowledge of the game. It is not always about 'crash and bash', it is about playing smart and territory."
Tolifau may be new to the squad, but he shares the pre-season optimism swirling around the capital club that the new season will bring more success than recent campaigns.
"The boys have said the last couple of seasons have been pretty inconsistent but we have set a strong goal this year," he added.
"We have had a tough pre-season and we are ready to reap the rewards now. Top four is a definite positive target for us. I think we can do it.
"We have a good strong squad and a lot of depth, so I think we will have a lot of rotation this year."


When a surrogate baby scandal erupted in Thailand last year, many in the country did not know what to expect next.

First there was the young boy, apparently abandoned by the Australian couple who had commissioned a Thai surrogate mother to carry him.
The boy had Down's syndrome, but the couple had taken his twin sister back to Australia with them.
Then there were the 12 babies found living in a single apartment with nannies, all fathered by the same, mysterious young Japanese man.
Many more babies had already been spirited out of Thailand.
Today the Australian boy - named Gammy - lives with the woman who was paid to give birth to him, seemingly a loved member of his adopted family.
"I don't regret anything about the surrogacy", Pattaramon Chanbua told me. "I don't blame anyone. To me, Gammy is a blessing."
To help her cope with the strikingly fair-skinned little boy, an Australian charity has bought her a bigger house, and gives her a modest monthly allowance. Gammy has also been given Australian citizenship.
Mitsutoki Shigeta, the mystery Japanese man, is still fighting to get custody of the 12 babies he sired through various Thai surrogates.
They are being kept in a state children's shelter. Last month a court awarded him custody of three, despite strong concern over his motives for wanting so many babies.
Now, five years after it was first drafted, the Thai parliament has passed a law which it hopes will shut down the "wombs-for-rent" business for good.
Foreigners are banned from seeking surrogates in Thailand. Thai couples can find surrogate parents, but not through agents, or on any kind of commercial basis.
At the heart of the business are hard-up Thai women, who see nine months carrying someone else's child as a relatively easy way to make good money.
Pattaramon was one, although she says she would never do it again.
Daeng, a factory worker living outside Bangkok, is another. A single mother in her thirties, she agreed to carry twins for Mr Shigeta.
When the time came to hand them over, she admitted it was hard.
"I carried them for nine months, and I loved them," she said. But she went through with the contract, and "would do it again - so would anybody - because of the money".
Daeng says she was paid the equivalent of 10 years' salary.
Other women have had unhappier surrogacy experiences.
Four years ago, 15 Vietnamese women were found in a Bangkok apartment, seven of them pregnant.
Some of them said they had been lured there with the promise of well-paid jobs; two said they had been raped.
A Taiwanese company called Babe-101 was accused by anti-trafficking groups of being behind the operation, but the police never pressed charges, and the doctor who supervised the conceptions and the births is still practising at a well-known Bangkok hospital.
Like much of Thailand's medical industry, the surrogacy business is profit-driven and poorly regulated.
For childless couples, desperate for a family, this has meant quick and low-cost surrogacies, without too much red tape. Most would probably want the best possible treatment for the carrier of their children. But it does not always work out that way.
At a women's shelter on the outskirts of Bangkok, I watched three figures, masked by balaclavas, nervously telling their story to journalists.
One of them was Namphun - not her real name. Her husband was with her. Until that week, he had believed the baby she was carrying was his.
But then, she said, he had been threatened by police officers, who insisted his wife had signed a contract to carry a baby for a Chinese man, and that she had to travel overseas for the birth.
They both fled to seek refuge in the shelter, along with another pregnant surrogate.
Namphun said she was terrified of the agent, who she said had also been putting pressure on her to leave Thailand before the expected crackdown on surrogates.
She had decided she no longer wanted to go through with the deal - she would keep the baby, no matter that she had no genetic connection to it. "If they stop chasing me, after the birth I will love it, and take care of it."
She showed me the contract. Surprisingly, the address of the company she was dealing with, IVF Sunrise, was in London. Its website shows an office in Bangkok, but when I visited last September, there was no sign of it, nor had anyone in the building heard of it.
IVF Sunrise is listed as a limited liability partnership, with a correspondence address in Percy Street, London, but its partners are entities based in Belize and the Seychelles.
A staff member responded to a BBC email by stating that the company now operates in Nepal, but has been out of Thailand since last September. The response did not address questions about how Namphun was treated.
The surrogate business in Thailand has often been a shadowy, unaccountable one. Now the practice has been more or less outlawed, there are justified fears that, with so much money on offer, it will simply be driven underground.
"We have no law enforcement", admits Dr Somsak Lolekha of the Thai Medical Council. "Just like drinking and driving. We have the law. But they never enforce it.
"That is a weak point of Thailand."


The Ministry of Defence has confirmed a sonic device will be deployed in London during the Olympics.

The American-made Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD) can be used to send verbal warnings over a long distance or emit a beam of pain-inducing tones.
The equipment was spotted fixed to a landing craft on the Thames at Westminster this week.
The manufacturer denies it is a weapon and the MoD said it would be used "primarily in the loud hailer mode".
A spokesman for the San Diego-based LRAD Corporation said the
          1000Xi
was "an effective long range communications system that broadcasts focused, highly intelligible, multi-language messages, instructions and warnings over distances up to 3,000 metres to peacefully resolve uncertain situations".
Royal Marines operating in patrol craft from HMS Ocean are also heavily armed with conventional firearms.
The BBC's home of 2012: Latest Olympic news, sport, culture, torch relay, video and audio
The piercing beam of sound emitted by the device is highly directional. Some versions of the LRAD are capable of producing deafening sound levels of 150 decibels at one metre.
But the device, which was used this week during Exercise Olympic Guardian, can also be used to broadcast verbal warnings,  such as ordering crowds to disperse.
LRAD Corporation has previously sold the device to the US Army, which deployed them in Iraq for crowd control.
They have also been bought by the US Navy and Air Force as well as a number of police forces worldwide.
It has been successfully used aboard ships to repel Somali pirates.
The panel-shaped LRAD is mounted onto steerable gimbals and said to be far more efficient than a normal loudspeaker.
A Ministry of Defence spokesman said: "As part of the military contribution to the police-led security effort to ensure a safe and secure games, a broad range of assets and equipment is being used by our armed forces".
"This includes the LRAD (Long Range Acoustic Device) which will be deployed during the Olympic Games primarily to be used in the loud hailer mode as part of the measures to achieve a maritime stop on the Thames."
The LRAD spokesman said: "LRAD systems are far superior to bullhorns, which have limited range and poor sound quality.
"LRAD systems enable homeland security and law enforcement personnel to communicate safely and clearly to individuals on land or water and assist in keeping high profile events safe for all participants."


Roedd cynnydd yn nifer y bobl gafodd eu dal yn defnyddio ffôn symudol wrth yrru yng Nghymru ym mis Mawrth, er i gosbau llymach gael eu cyflwyno.

Ers 1 Mawrth mae gyrwyr yn wynebu cosb o chwe phwynt ar eu trwydded a dirwy o £200 am ddefnyddio eu ffôn.
Cyn hynny, tri phwynt a dirwy o £100 oedd y gosb.
Ond mae'r ffigyrau diweddaraf yn dangos bod 166 o yrwyr wedi eu dal yn defnyddio ffôn wrth yrru ym mis Mawrth - cynnydd o'r 137 gafodd eu dal ym mis Chwefror.
Dywedodd ymgyrch Handsoff bod defnyddio ffôn wrth yrru yn "gymysgedd marwol".
Dywedodd Lucy Amos o elusen diogelwch ffyrdd, Brake, ei bod yn "amser bod yn fwy llym gyda'r rheiny sy'n torri'r gyfraith".
"Mae'r gyrwyr yma yn rhoi eu bywydau eu hunain a phobl eraill mewn perygl enfawr," meddai.
"Rydyn ni eisiau gweld gwaharddiad llwyr ar ddefnyddio ffonau - mae hyd yn oed defnyddio dyfais lawrydd yn cynyddu'r siawns o gael gwrthdrawiad.
"Y sgwrs yw'r peth sy'n cymryd eich sylw."
Dywedodd Mobile UK, sy'n cynrychioli cwmnïau ffôn y DU, ei fod yn "gefnogol o fesurau'r llywodraeth i leihau defnydd ffonau symudol wrth yrru".


Airline Easyjet reported a half yearly loss of £24m, compared with profits of £7m for the same time last year.

Sales edged up by 0.3% to £1.77bn and passenger numbers grew from 28.9 million to 31 million..
Attacks in Egypt, Paris and Brussels affected bookings but profits were more strongly affected by a fall in the value of the pound.
The company said it was "confident" that passenger numbers, sales and profits will grow this year.
Chief executive Carolyn McCall told the BBC that Easyjet had had a very strong first half of the year despite "very challenging events".
She said the reason for the loss was because the pound had lost value against the euro since last year: "Technically the reason for the loss is foreign exchange - the softening of the pound against the euro," she added.
The company said the change in values meant Easyjet lost around £30m compared with a year ago.
Ms McCall said: "So if you actually take it at constant currency [assuming the euro and the pound stayed at the same value as they were the year before] we will have made a profit of £5m which is nearly the same as last year."
Winter is often a slow period for airlines and many make a loss for the period.
However, events in Sharm el-Sheikh, Paris and Brussels  did have an effect on demand, said Ms McCall, adding: "There's no question that you have to stimulate demand at the right time to get passengers back in flying and that does happen.
"It does take weeks but actually after a few weeks people want to get back to normality and they start flying again."
On Monday shares in Easyjet rose by 3.8% after broker RBC raised its outlook to "outperform" from "underperform", saying that the business was tackling its cost inflation problems.
"What we have surprised the City about is our cost controls," said Ms McCall.
"We have very actively managed our cost base as you would expect in light of a much more unpredictable revenue environment because of external events and actually I think that has gone very well, so far because our cost per seat is down year on year and we've said it will be flat and down for the year."
Shares in EasyJet edged down slightly following the publication of the results.


Syrians are more favoured than others by a "two-tier system" of support for asylum seekers and refugees across the UK, AMs have been told.

Tracey Sherlock of the Welsh Refugee Council said other migrants were "still struggling" to get the paperwork necessary to settle and find work.
Hayley Richards of Oxfam Cymru did not want to "belittle" the Syrian crisis.
But special arrangements for Syrians sent a message that other refugees were "not as worthy", she warned.
The UK government has pledged to settle 20,000 Syrians in the UK by 2020 under its Syrian resettlement scheme.
Latest figures - for July to September - show that 294 Syrians have been resettled in Wales since the scheme was launched in October 2015.
Ms Sherlock, policy manager for the Welsh Refugee Council, was one of several people who told the assembly's equalities committee on Wednesday how "resourcing heavily favours Syrian resettlement".
Referring to Welsh Government funding to help resettle refugees and asylum seekers, she said: "We have four caseworkers working on that supporting 700 people over the last quarter.
"By contrast, our Syrian Resettlement Scheme supported 46 people, so ten families, over the last year with two caseworkers.
"All of the administrative things that people when they get refugee status through the asylum route find very problematic, they're not issues for people coming through that Syrian resettlement scheme.
"So, very quickly people get support around employment, education opportunities, whereas people coming through the spontaneous route are still struggling when they get refugee status to access perhaps a National Insurance number, the paperwork necessary to then move into employment and all of those other things important for integration," she added.
Ms Richards, policy and advocacy officer for Oxfam Cymru, said it was "very obvious that the two-tier system exists" although she stressed: "That's not to belittle the crisis that Syrians are facing - it's horrendous."
However, she added: "It does send out a message to other asylum seekers and refugees in Wales, and this is also perpetrated by the media and the UK government, there's a real sense that Syrian refugees are good and all other refugees and asylum seekers are not as worthy.
"Even within the Syrian community themselves - Syrians who have arrived spontaneously don't get the same welcome as Syrians who have come through the scheme."
Speaking for the British Red Cross, refugee operations support officer Neil McKittrick said: "It's certainly not unique to Wales, this two-tier system - it's evident throughout the UK.
"On the one hand, when the first Syrians started arriving they were met by dignitaries.
"People who come through the normal asylum route, their first contact with officials tends to be based around a sense of distrust - 'why is it you're here? What is it you're doing?'
"So, from the very first contact that people have, that kind of sets the tone."
A Home Office spokesman said: "All those who are granted refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK are entitled to unrestricted access to the labour market and have broadly the same rights as British nationals and other lawful residents."