English open-side flanker Sam Underhill will join Bath from Ospreys at the start of 2017-18 on a three-year deal.

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The 20-year-old former England Under-18 player will remain with the Welsh region until the end of the season.
His career began at Gloucester before a 2015 switch to the Ospreys, where he has played 24 times either side of suffering a shoulder injury in August.
He was not available to England head coach Eddie Jones in 2016, by nature of being based outside of England.
However, his move to Bath means he will become available for England this summer and he is heavily tipped to make the tour to Argentina in June.
Underhill moved to Wales to study economics at Cardiff University and could have qualified for Wales in the future under the three-year residency rule, had he stayed long enough.
Former Wales captain Emyr Lewis, speaking to BBC Radio Wales
"It is a blow, not just for Ospreys but for Wales because I am sure if he had stayed another year then he would have been eligible to play for Wales as well.
"He is a good player. He is one of those that is going to develop into an international player but he has decided he is going to go across the border."


The leader of Colombia's largest armed rebel group, the Farc, has said he ordered the organisation in September to stop buying guns and ammunition.

Rodrigo Londono Echeverri, known as Timochenko, said the decision showed the Farc's commitment to scaling down the conflict with the Colombian army.
The left-wing group and the Colombian government have been engaged in peace talks for nearly three years.
Both sides say they are expecting to sign an agreement in March.
Some 220,000 people are estimated to have been killed since the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia launched its armed struggle in 1964.
Peace talks were launched in the Cuban capital, Havana, in November 2012.
The aim is for the rebels to give up their armed struggle and join the legal political process.
Timochenko's announcement came in a tweet to Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos.
There has been agreement on four broad points on the agenda: the political participation of the rebels, land rights, drug trafficking, and most recently, transitional justice.
Transitional justice - how rebels who have committed crimes will be punished - had been considered one of the thorniest issues on the agenda.
When the two sides announced a deal on the issue on 23 September, President Santos flew to Cuba.
The president shook hands with Timochenko for the first time. He also set a deadline of six months, until 23 March 2016, for the signing of a final peace agreement.
The rebels have said they would like to sign a peace deal even before that date.
But both sides are still working on a number of issues and the implementation of the agreement.
A final deal will need to be approved by the Colombian people in a referendum.
Last month, Mr Santos announced he was willing to join the Farc in a bilateral ceasefire from 1 January 2016 if there is significant progress in the negotiations.
The rebels have already declared a truce.
Mr Santos has also suspended radio and television campaigns to encourage the rebels to leave the Farc, in what he described as a goodwill gesture.
Demobilisation campaigns would usually be reinforced in the weeks leading to Christmas.


Manipulating memories of drug use may help reformed addicts avoid a return to a life of drug abuse, according to scientists in China.

They said memories linking "cues" - such as needles or cigarettes - and the pleasurable effects of drugs caused cravings and relapsing.
Authors of the study, published in the journal Science
, "rewrote" those memories to reduce cravings.
Experts said targeting memories could become a new avenue for treatment.
Repeatedly showing people drug cues without actually giving patients the drug is a part of some therapies for addicts. It can break the link between cue and craving in the clinic. But this does not always translate to real life.
The researchers at Peking University tried to rewrite the original memory so that it would be as if the link between cue and the craving never existed.
The work relies on the idea that a memory can become malleable after it is accessed, creating a brief window during which the memory can be "rewritten".
Twenty-two heroin addicts who had taken the drug for - on average - 11 years, took part in the study.
They were initially shown a brief video to remind them of taking drugs - opening the memory window. Ten minutes later they watched more videos and looked at pictures of heroin drug use.
Other addicts were shown an initial video of the countryside, which would not open the window.
Tests 180 days later showed that levels of cravings were lower in those treated during the 'memory window' than in the other groups. These experiments were backed up by further tests on "addicted" rats.
The authors wrote: "The [memory] procedure decreased cue-induced drug craving and perhaps could reduce the likelihood of cue-induced relapse during prolonged abstinence periods."
Dr Amy Milton, who researches memory and addiction at the University of Cambridge, said: "I'm quite excited by this research."
She said it was "such a minor" difference from current therapies which "tapped into an entirely different memory process" and the reconstruction of the original memory.
"Full clinical studies are needed, but it could be really important for treatment of addiction," she said.
Dr Milton added: "There is no theoretical reason it couldn't apply to other addictions such as alcohol. That's obviously very exciting."


England captain Eoin Morgan said he had no regrets despite a four-wicket defeat that denied his team a one-day series whitewash against Pakistan.

Spinner Liam Dawson, selected with Adil Rashid and Moeen Ali rested, took 2-70 from eight overs, the most expensive figures by an England debutant.
"It was an opportunity to get him on the international stage," said Morgan.
"It was important looking ahead to the winter in case we go to three spinners that he had a game under his belt."
England's winter tours take them to Bangladesh and India, where conditions are likely favour slow bowlers.
In Cardiff, they were denied a first 5-0 home ODI series win as Pakistan chased down 302-9 with 10 balls to spare.
Sarfraz Ahmed made 90 and Shoaib Malik 77 in a stand of 163 that rescued the tourists from 77-3.
England had earlier failed to build on a strong position of 170-4 from 30 overs, losing five wickets for 64 runs and managing only 42 from their final eight overs.
"Today, we just weren't good enough," Morgan told BBC Sport. "We were a little bit off and Pakistan played really well on a very good wicket.
"It's not a big defeat for us. We still played well. We weren't good enough to score maybe 350, which is a shame. We've played some fantastic cricket throughout this series with some notable performances."
For Pakistan, avoiding a whitewash brought them only a second win in 14 ODIs against England.
Captain Azhar Ali told BBC Sport: "It's a win which we really needed, to finish on a high. It's been a tough tour, especially in ODIs, but finishing like this at least gives us a lot of confidence and the players happiness.
"We didn't bowl well to start with, we were a bit too short but credit to the bowlers for the way they came back.
"Chasing 300 on that kind of wicket was a challenge against a good bowling attack so it was a very good effort from Shoaib Malik and Sarfraz. The partnership they had set us up very nicely.
"We just need to play some consistent cricket, fearless cricket. You have to back yourself as a batsman, fielder or bowler. We need to do that consistently, that's the only way forward. A win here and there won't help if we don't play good cricket consistently.
"At the end it got nervy a little bit but (Mohammad) Rizwan kept his head and Imad (Wasim) is a very mature guy who really handled the situation well."
Pakistan's tour, and England's home summer, concludes with a Twenty20 match at Old Trafford on Wednesday.


European data privacy regulators have put renewed pressure on Google to alter its privacy policy.

It follows changes to the policy two years ago which regulators felt breached European rules.
Among other things, it says Google must tell users exactly what data is collected and with whom it is shared.
Google said it was working with regulators to "explain its privacy policy changes".
The dispute has been running since March 2012 when Google consolidated its 60 privacy policies into one and started combining data from YouTube, Gmail and Google Maps.
Users were given no means to opt out of the changes.
Although Google has not been directly accused of acting illegally, it has been accused of providing "incomplete and approximate" details raising "deep concerns about  data protection and the respect of the European law".
Google did make some changes to its privacy policy in March this year, linking to individual services from its main privacy document.
"It has made some changes but our investigation won't end until we believe it is fully compliant," said a spokesman for the UK's information commissioner's office (ICO).
In a letter addressed to Google's chief executive Larry Page, the European Union's data protection working party wrote: "Google must meet its obligations with respect to the European and national data protection legal frameworks and has to determine the means to achieve these legal requirements."
A spokesman for Google told the Reuters news agency that it was looking forward to discussing the new guidelines.
"We have worked with different data protection authorities across Europe to explain our privacy policies," he said.
Regulators in Italy, France, Spain, Germany, Britain and the Netherlands have launched investigations into Google's privacy policies and, in January, France fined Google 150,000 euros (Â£117,000) for failure to comply with its privacy rules.
"It is disappointing that two years of deliberation has led to the preparation of a document that is the equivalent of selling cucumbers to the gardener," said Anna Fielder, chairwoman of trustees at campaign group Privacy International.
"The guidelines are fundamental basics that Google should have implemented years ago, and the weakness of the language used in framing this will mean Google will do nothing to comply.
"These guidelines are doing nothing more than stating the obvious, and it is shameful that it took the Article 29 Working Party two years to come up with something that Google should already have been complying with," she said.


League Two side Accrington Stanley have signed Sheffield Wednesday midfielder Sean Clare on loan until the end of the season.

The 20-year-old is yet to make his debut for the Owls, but played four times on loan at Bury last season.
"I'm really excited about this new challenge. This is the next step for my career," he told the club website.
"Coming somewhere like here is what I need in order to improve and show what I can do."
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page or visit our Premier League tracker here.


The wife of a deportee who died when he was restrained during a flight from Heathrow has said monitoring officers should travel on planes to prevent future deaths.

Jimmy Mubenga, 46, died from a cardiac arrest after being restrained by three G4S security guards on a flight to Angola on 12 October 2010.
The guards - Colin Kaler, 51, from Bedfordshire, Terrence Hughes, 53, from Hampshire, and Stuart Tribelnig, 38, from Surrey - have all been found not guilty of his manslaughter.
During the trial at the Old Bailey it was heard that Mr Mubenga became agitated and was pinned down by the guards and handcuffed while he was still wearing his seatbelt.
Mr Mubenga's wife Adrienne said: "The way they treated Jimmy it's not fair because he was a human being.
"They need to do deportation with care. They cannot treat them like animals.
"That's why I'm pleading [with] the Home Office... stop the deportation until they get a monitor to save other people's lives."
Mrs Mubenga said her husband was upset the day he was being deported but was not angry or aggressive and would not have been fighting or struggling against the guards.
"He was feeling sad. He was down," she said.
"Fight is too much, but he was trying not to go back to Angola, he was trying to stay here with his family."
Other passengers on the Boeing 777 plane told the court they heard Mr Mubenga saying "I can't breathe, let me up", but the guards maintained they could not hear his cries for help.
Mrs Mubenga said: "Jimmy was next to them. They kept Jimmy down."
Mrs Mubenga said she also believed the airline crew should have stepped in.
"[The crew] should have saved Jimmy's life. Someone was crying, was begging them 'I'm dying. I'm dying, do something'.
"Now they're coming to me with 'sorry'. What can I do with 'sorry'? Nothing. He was begging them for help and nobody helped."
Questioned about whether additional training may have informed the guards more about the consequences of their actions, Mrs Mubenga believes it would not have made a difference.
"They got training but look at what they did to Jimmy. We need a monitor.
"No matter what I do Jimmy's gone. I'm here for the other people. We need to save other people's lives."
Mrs Mubenga said the death of her husband and the court case had been "very painful" and her children continued to ask questions about what had happened to their father.
She said: "Jimmy's gone but we need justice for his children.
"My daughter was seven months at the time her father died. It breaks my heart, it makes me more determined to fight again to get justice for Jimmy and for my family.
"My daughter she needs to know the truth."


Two German researchers say they have exposed the porn-browsing habits of a judge, a cyber-crime investigation and the drug preferences of a politician.

The pair obtained huge amounts of information about the browsing habits of three million German citizens from companies that gather "clickstreams".
These are detailed records of everywhere that people go online.
The researchers argue such data - which some firms scoop up and use to target ads - should be protected.
The data is supposed to be anonymised, but analysis showed it could easily be tied to individuals.
People's browsing history is often used to tailor marketing campaigns.
The results of the research by Svea Eckert and Andreas Dewes were revealed at the Def Con hacking conference in Las Vegas this weekend.
The pair found that 95% of the data they obtained came from 10 popular browser extensions.
"What these companies are doing is illegal in Europe but they do not care," said Ms Eckert, adding that the research had kicked off a debate in Germany about how to curb the data gathering habits of the firms.
Before the data is used to customise the range of adverts which people see, any information that could be used to identify exactly who generated the clicks is supposed to be removed.
However, said Mr Dewes, it was "trivial" - meaning easy - to tie the information directly to people and reveal exactly where they went online, the terms they searched for and the things they bought.
Cyber-hacks season:
The data analysed by the pair connected a list of sites and links visited to a customer identifier. However, he said, by drawing on public information that people share about their browsing habits, it became possible to connect that entry on a list to an individual.
"With only a few domains you can quickly drill down into the data to just a few users," he said.
The public information included links people shared via Twitter, YouTube videos they reported watching, news articles they passed on via social media or when they posted online photos of items they bought or places they visited.
In many cases, he said, it was even easier to de-anonymise because the clickstreams contained links to people's personal social media admin pages which directly revealed their identity.
"The public information available about users is growing so it's getting easier to find the information to do the de-anonymisation," he said. "It's very, very difficult to de-anonymise it even if you have the intention to do so."
The information revealed an intimate portrait of the browsing habits of people, said Ms Eckert.
"This could be so creepy to abuse," she said "You could have an address book and just look up people by their names and see everything they did."
In many cases the browsing habits did not expose anything illegal but might prove difficult for public figures to explain or justify, she said. In some cases it could leave them open to blackmail.
"After the research project we deleted the data because we did not want to have it close to our hands any more," she said. "We were scared that we would be hacked."
When asked about UK plans to make ISPs gather clickstreams on every Briton for security purposes, Ms Eckert urged the government to restrict for how long the information could be kept.
"If you are strong on data protection then you should not be allowed to do it," she said, "But for security purposes then perhaps you can hold on to it for a while."
Limiting how long it could be held would lessen the damage if the clickstreams were leaked or hacked, she said.
"You have to be very careful," she said "It's so, so dangerous."


Average speed cameras are among options being explored to reduce the number of animal road deaths in the New Forest.

In 2014, 68 animals died in crashes in the national park and, while the number is falling, accident hotspots remain.
A Hampshire County Council report said a trial average speed zone would be discussed with police, but there was currently no funding for the scheme.
Other measures include the roll-out of signs with seasonal changing slogans and wild pony road markings.
According to the report being considered by councillors, an average speed check system would cost in the region of Â£100,000 with Â£40,000 for each additional unit.
It said Hampshire Constabulary warned the scheme was cost-prohibitive and needed a 3G mobile signal and electrical supply to function - a potential problem in the heart of the forest.
But the report said the scheme remained an "aspiration" for the council.
The authority's Economy, Transport and Environment Select Committee is meeting to discuss the plans.
Committee member and Conservative county councillor for Ringwood, Steve Rippon-Swayne, said: "It's difficult to tell exactly what more could be done [to cut animal deaths] - anything which involves enforcing speed costs money and a lot of it.
"Money is being withdrawn by government so we have to spend wisely."
The council said clusters of casualties involving ponies, cattle and other livestock occurred on three main routes - the B3078 Cadnam to Godshill, the B3054 Hatchet Pond to Portmore and the B3056 Beaulieu to Lyndhurst.
The Verderers - who administer the forest - are already paying 80% of the cost towards a mobile speed camera at high-risk sites.
The Hampshire County Council report said pinchpoints introduced in Brockenhurst were unlikely to be rolled out across the national park and lowering the speed limit to 30mph had also been ruled out.


Asia has overtaken Europe as the world's second-richest region, according to an annual report by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG).

The Asia Pacific, excluding Japan, held $47 trillion (Â£30tn) in private wealth last year as the number of new millionaires rose in China and India.
North America is the world's richest region with $51tn, but is expected to be surpassed by Asia in 2016.
Asia is also projected to hold 34% of global wealth in 2019.
Overall, global private financial wealth grew by nearly 12% last year to $164tn, lifted by strong gains in the stock and bond markets.
"A strong "'old world versus new world' dynamic was observed, with the so-called new world growing at a far faster pace," the report said.
"As in both 2012 and 2013, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan) remained the fastest-growing region in 2014.
"By contrast, growth rates in all 'old world' regions remained in the single digits, led by Western Europe and North America, and with Japan lagging somewhat behind."


British Chinese people and community leaders have been telling Newsbeat that racism against them isn't taken seriously enough.

Michael Wilkes from the British Chinese Project says people regularly contact the community group about physical and verbal abuse.
"We've been getting calls and emails about racist incidents from right across the UK," he says.
"There's a lack of knowledge about the words Chinese people find offensive."
"The community is widely dispersed across the country which means many Chinese people are very isolated, will stand out a lot more and be a lot more vulnerable," he adds.
The last census showed 0.7% of the population were Chinese in England and Wales - that's 392,700 people.
Michael claims a lot of racist attacks go unreported, because of widespread mistrust in the police.
He also believes there are cultural reasons for it: "Essentially Chinese people don't like to worry other people."
"There's a mindset within the Chinese community that we need to keep our business within ourselves, within our own family unit."
"I'm saying to young British Chinese people now that we can speak out. It's our responsibility - when you're being prejudiced against, you've got to speak up," he says.
Sara, who didn't want us to use her real name or to be identified, is 24 and describes herself as British-born Chinese.
She says there's a double standard when it comes to people using the word "chink".
"It's just become such a norm that the N-word or the P-word aren't allowed but people feel they can use the C-word," she says.
"But I feel I die a little inside when some people say it.
"A lot of Chinese parenting traditionally had 'tough love' and we tend to divert a lot of negatives away and use that energy to drive us forward - but it doesn't mean we're not still hurt by the abuse."
She grew up in a coastal town in the north-east of England where there were just a handful of Chinese families. Her family ran a takeaway.
"Every night it would sound as if it was raining and it would be people throwing loads of chunks of rocks," she says.
"We'd have windows smashed, they'd literally rip the tarmac off the roads and throw it at us, they'd shout at us, maybe spit."
She says she regularly reported the racist abuse her family experienced to the police. There have been court cases but no-one has ever been convicted.
"We'd go to court, testify, but nothing would ever come of it," she says.
"It got to the point where we started losing faith in the police.
"We never had a life outside school because we daren't go outside."
Sara says every member of her family has been physically assaulted for being Chinese.
She cries as she tells us the worst moment - her mum, kicked unconscious on the doorstep of their home by a group of young men.
"My mum - she's so strong, she just said, 'That's just the way it is.'
"As a child you think your parents are the world, they have the control, they can protect you - but when you are 13 and you see your mum kicked to the ground, I guess that perception of the world started falling apart quite quickly for me."
You can hear more of Sara's story here.
It seems her experiences are not uncommon. Police reports and research into workplaces involving Chinese people suggest takeaways are the most likely outlets where racist attacks happen.
In October 2014, Chinese takeaway owner Jie Yu was stabbed during what police have described as a racially-aggravated attack in Edinburgh.
Three men have been charged with attempted murder and have been remanded in custody.
Simon Hu, a manager at Chinese restaurants in Wigan and Liverpool, tells Newsbeat it is also common for takeaways to be vandalised.
"I think it's generally due to the young population," he says.
Although the place he's currently working at hasn't been attacked he says he's been targeted in the past.
"I have been in situations myself where I have been called names," he says.
Ronny, 25, grew up in the north east of England and says he was one of 10 or 15 Chinese people in his town at the time.
He describes his experiences growing up as "quite suppressive and humiliating".
"The first few friends that I made gave me the nickname 'chink' and I was called that for a good five years."
As a teenager he says he experienced racist taunts every single day and one brutal physical attack.
"On my 18th birthday, at the station, three middle aged men came up to me and said, 'Oi chink, what are you staring at' before they beat me up."
When he left for university in a large city he thought he'd left racism behind but when he started work in the same region, he experienced it from a colleague.
"I felt like I'd taken two steps back", he says. "I feel like I will never really escape from racism."
"I get the occasional verbal abuse on the street - you get 'hey look its Jackie Chan' and they make Chinese sounds at me."
"I've definitely become more cynical towards other people," he says. "I still feel the air of intimidation and suppression. I still get that negative feeling around me wherever I go."
Research published last year by the British Chinese Project suggests there's a general belief in the Chinese community that reporting crime is futile, with almost half of 520 survey respondents stating they "did not trust the police to deal effectively with their case".
The Association of Chief Police Officers spokesman on hate crime, Superintendent Paul Giannasi, says: "Police forces across the UK are working hard to tackle racism, support victims and bring offenders to justice.
"Many types of hate crime are still significantly under-reported.
"We can only respond to hate crime effectively and continue to improve our approach as a service if we know about it."
Professor Gary Craig from Durham University has carried out research about the Chinese population in the UK and worries the situation is getting worse.
A study he worked on in 2009 with the charity, The Monitoring Group, suggested British Chinese people experience "perhaps even higher levels of racial violence or harassment than those experienced by any other minority group" but that the true extent to their victimisation is often overlooked because victims were unwilling to report it.
He says: "It's a reasonable assumption, based on my more recent study [out later this month], that the situation has deteriorated since then."
Even if all incidents were reported to police, official crime figures put Chinese people in a group that includes "other" ethnicities, so don't provide a clear picture.
In recent weeks, the use of the word "chink" has hit the headlines.
Wigan owner Dave Whelan was fined Â£50,000 by the FA and suspended for six weeks after using the term in an interview and UKIP's Kerry Smith resigned as an election candidate after reports he used similar language.
Party leader Nigel Farage has since said "a lot of people" use the word.
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Highland Reel won the Breeders' Cup Turf at Santa Anita for Irish trainer Aidan O'Brien after a brilliant front-running ride from Seamie Heffernan.

Heffernan earned his first victory at the meeting ahead of Flintshire, with another O'Brien runner, Found, third.
Meanwhile, Arrogate surged past California Chrome in the closing yards to win the Classic.
Frankie Dettori rode Queen's Trust to victory for British trainer Sir Michael Stoute in the Filly & Mare Turf.
Highland Reel gave O'Brien his 22nd Group One flat race win of 2016 - three behind the all-time record of the late American trainer Bobby Frankel.
"Seamie has given this horse a star ride," said the trainer.
The winner will continue racing next year, while Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winner Found - who was ridden by Ryan Moore - will be retired for a breeding career.
Arrogate, ridden by Mike Smith, stole the limelight from favourite California Chrome with a storming finish to win the showpiece $6m (£4.8m) Classic by half a length.
It was a third consecutive Classic win for trainer Bob Baffert, following triumphs with American Pharoah and Bayern.
"It's incredible that I've been so lucky, someone up there is really looking down on me," Baffert said.
Dettori treated a crowd of more than 70,000 to a trademark flying dismount from Queen's Trust after pipping home favourite Lady Eli on the line.
"Sir Michael is a genius and he was very sweet on this filly," Dettori said after his 12th win at the meeting.
BBC racing correspondent Cornelius Lysaght
Seamie Heffernan 'stole' victory on Highland Reel - riding the son of stallion Galileo into a considerable advantage with still a third of the mile and a half-long race to go.
It was a bold move because a jockey can look like a right clown if he or she grabs a big lead and gets caught close to the finish - and the other riders probably thought he would run out of puff in front.
But Heffernan, long a big part of the Aidan O'Brien/Coolmore operation in Tipperary, knew what he was doing, and had the last laugh.


Russia's President Vladimir Putin has condemned Turkey's shooting down of a Russian warplane on its border with Syria on 24 November.

It is the first time a Russian aircraft has crashed in Syria since Moscow launched air strikes against opponents of President Bashar al-Assad in September.
Both Russia and Turkey say the Russian Su-24, an all-weather attack aircraft, was shot down by Turkish F-16s in the Turkey-Syria border area on 24 November.
President Putin said the plane, which had two crew members, was flying at an altitude of 6,000m (19,685ft) when it was hit by an air-to-air missile.
The plane crashed in the mountainous Jabal Turkmen area of the Syrian province of Latakia, which is contested by Syrian government and rebel forces. The pilot as well as a marine sent on a rescue mission by helicopter were killed.
In a letter to the UN Security Council, Turkey's permanent representative Halit Cevik wrote that two aircraft of unknown nationality had approached Turkish airspace near the town of Yayladagi in Hatay province.
The planes were warned 10 times over the space of five minutes via an "emergency" channel and asked to change direction, he added.
Both planes disregarded the warnings and then flew 2.19km (1.36 miles) and 1.85km (1.15 miles) into Turkey for 17 seconds from 09:24:05 (07:24:05 GMT), according to Mr Cevik.
"Following the violation, plane 1 left Turkish national airspace. Plane 2 was fired at while in Turkish national airspace by Turkish F-16s performing air combat patrolling in the area. Plane 2 crashed on to the Syria side of the Turkish-Syrian border."
The Turkish military also published what it said was the radar image of the path the Russian plane took, showing it briefly flying across Turkey's southern-most tip.
But Mr Putin said the Su-24 was over Syrian territory, 1km (0.6 miles) from Syria's border with Turkey, when it was hit. It crashed 4km from the border, he added.
The Russian defence ministry insisted that the aircraft remained within Syria's borders throughout its mission, did not violate Turkish airspace and received no warnings.
It published a video showing what it said was the Su-24's flight path.
The pilot who survived the crash, Capt Konstantin Murakhtin, told Russian television he had not received a warning before being shot down.
Later, Mr Putin said that the US military, "which leads the coalition that Turkey belongs to, knew about the location and time of our planes' flights, and we were hit exactly there and at that time".
The US state department denied that, insisting that Russia had not notified the US in advance about the flight.
US military officials said there were indications the downed plane entered Turkish airspace for a matter of seconds, and that it had been warned to stay out.
More details were given on 27 November by Russian air force commander Gen Viktor Bondarev. He said Russian and Syrian radar data pointed towards an "ambush" by the two Turkish F-16s.
The F-16s spent one hour and 15 minutes flying in the area where the incident happened, he said, and the one that fired the missile penetrated 2km inside Syria, spending 40 seconds in Syrian airspace.
The timings showed that they could not have taken off from their Diyarbakir airbase for the interception - they were poised to attack, he said.
The two Su-24s had just bombed two groups of rebels and one was shot down just after completing another bombing run, 5.5km south of Turkey, he said.
Was jet downing an overreaction?
Video footage published by Turkish media showed that the Su-24's two crew - the pilot and the navigator - ejected as their burning aircraft plummeted to the ground.
Rebels from Syria's ethnic Turkmen community, whose villages Turkey said had been bombed by Russian aircraft in recent weeks, opened fire at the crew as they tried to parachute into government-held territory.
One of them was dead when he landed on the ground, the rebels said. A video was also posted online showing gunmen standing around a man in a flight suit who was immobile on the ground.
The next day, Russia confirmed the pilot, Lt Col Oleg Peshkov, had been killed.
But it said the navigator, Capt Murakhtin, had been rescued and taken to Russia's Hmeimim airbase in Latakia by Syrian government forces.
A Russian marine, Aleksandr Pozynich, was also killed during an attempted rescue mission, when an Mi-8 helicopter he was travelling in came under fire.
Who are the Turkmen in Syria?
Russia is one of several countries directly involved in the conflict in Syria, which has left more than 250,000 people dead since March 2011.
Moscow is an ally of President Assad and is conducting air strikes to prop up his government. It says it is targeting only "terrorists" - above all jihadist militants from Islamic State (IS).
But Western analysts say Russia's strikes have mainly hit Western-backed rebels fighting President Assad's troops.
The Su-24 bombers attacked by Turkey on 24 November were targeting "terrorists" from Russia's North Caucasus, the Russian government says.
Syrian rebels have meanwhile received substantial support from Turkey, an opponent of Mr Assad. Ankara also allows the US-led multinational coalition against IS to use its airbases to conduct strikes on the jihadist group in Syria.
What is Russia's endgame in Syria?
Syria crisis: Where key countries stand
Russia immediately deployed S-400 anti-aircraft missiles at the Hmeimim airbase in Syria - a significant show of force in the troubled region.
The S-400 can hit targets up to 400km (248 miles) away, so at Hmeimim the missiles cover the airspace of Syria, Lebanon, Cyprus, half of Israel and a large swathe of Turkey, the Russian state-controlled news channel RT reports.
It can hit any existing aircraft or missile travelling at speeds of up to 4.8km (three miles) per second, RT says. Targets at heights of up to 30km are within range.
Russia is also suspending the reciprocal visa-free regime with Turkey from 1 January.
Russia has banned charter flights to and from Turkey, and Russian travel firms have been told to stop selling Turkish holidays. That move and warnings to Russians not to travel to Turkey, are expected to hit Turkey's tourist industry, as it is a top destination for Russian tourists.
A decree signed by President Putin on 28 November calls for the banning or limitation of imports from Turkey, the work of Turkish companies in Russia and any Turkish nationals working for Russian companies. The government is drawing up a list of the sectors affected.
The government says fruit and vegetables will be the main food imports to be restricted, starting in a few weeks' time.
Russia has already tightened inspections of Turkish food. It is an important market for Turkish exporters.
And President Putin has refused to speak to Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, despite the latter's phone calls, a Kremlin aide said. The reason: Mr Putin is waiting for Turkey to apologise. But Turkish PM Ahmet Davutoglu has made clear that "no Turkish prime minister or president will apologise ... because of doing our duty'.'
Mr Putin insisted that the downed Su-24 had "posed no threat". He said it had been carrying out "preventative attacks" against IS in Latakia, and also that Russia had established large quantities of oil were entering Turkey from IS-held areas, providing the jihadist group with significant funding.
"This was a stab in the back by the accomplices of terrorists," Mr Putin stated.
Although Turkey's policy of allowing Syrian rebel fighters and arms shipments to pass through its territory has been exploited by IS, officials have denied supporting the group. Activists say IS has little or no presence near the crash site.
The last time a Nato state shot down a Russian or Soviet plane was in the 1950s.
After an extraordinary meeting of the alliance's main decision-making body, the North Atlantic Council, Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg declared: "We stand in solidarity with Turkey and support the territorial integrity of our Nato ally."
President Erdogan warned that "everyone should respect the right of Turkey to defend its borders".
He also noted that Turkey's actions were fully in line with the new rules of engagement adopted after Syria shot down a Turkish jet in 2012. The rules state that all "elements" approaching from Syria are considered an enemy threat.
Profile: North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (Nato)


Ariana Grande has paid tribute to the youngest victim of the Manchester Arena bombing.

Eight-year-old Saffie Roussos from Leyland, Lancashire was among 22 people killed at the pop star's concert on 22 May.
A day after what would have been her ninth birthday, Grande tweeted: "Saffie, we're [thinking] of you baby" alongside a birthday cake emoji.
Hundreds of people gathered in Saffie's hometown on Tuesday to mark the day.
Balloons were released in her memory, with family friend Tess Watson saying the event was "the party she deserves".
In his first interview since the explosion, Saffie's father Andrew told the BBC earlier that day his daughter was "everything you could wish for in a little girl".
Her older sister, Ashlee Bromwich, spoke of Saffie's excitement as she watched her idol on perform on 22 May.
"She was Ariana Grande-obsessed. She was so happy, she was elated all night, grinning," she said.
The US singer made the tribute to Saffie after performing a concert in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Grande is in line to be the first recipient of an honorary citizenship of Manchester for organising the One Love Manchester concert in aid of victims of the bomb attack under plans put forward by the city council.
Salman Abedi, 22, detonated a home-made bomb in the arena's foyer at the end of Grande's concert.


More needs to be done to establish which are safe and effective ways to relieve morning sickness, experts say.

There is reluctance to use pharmaceutical products in pregnancy due to Thalidomide, the 1960s anti-nausea drug which led to birth defects.
But there is little evidence to suggest that alternative therapies have any real impact, the international group of researchers Cochrane found.
Campaigners say women who suffer receive a "Cinderella service".
Despite its name, the vomiting and nausea of morning sickness can occur at any time of the day and affect about half of pregnant women.
About two in 100 will experience it so badly they need to be hospitalised.
Ginger biscuits
Cochrane researchers looked at nearly 30 strictly controlled trials involving more than 4,000 women who were up to 20 weeks pregnant.
They examined six studies of acupressure and two of acupuncture, and found these methods offered no significant benefit.
One study of acustimulation - the mild electrical stimulation of acupuncture points - did document some improvement.
There was limited evidence for ginger, which is used in various forms from biscuits to tablets, or for vitamin B6.
There was also little evidence on the efficacy of antihistamines and anti-vomiting drugs including Debendox, which was withdrawn from the market in the UK but is routinely prescribed in Canada.
That does not mean these methods do not work, but that women - and health professionals - do not have any reliable evidence on which to make their judgements about the best treatments.
In the UK, there are currently no pharmaceutical products specifically licensed for use with pregnant women, but doctors who do prescribe for severe sickness tend to offer the antihistamines promethazine and cyclizines.
"Despite the wealth of different treatments available, it is not possible currently to identify with confidence any safe and effective interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy," said lead researcher Dr Anne Matthews, of the School of Nursing at Dublin City University.
"The difficulties in interpreting the results of the studies highlight the need for further, more rigorous trials in this area."
Dr Brian Swallow, a health psychologist and member of Pregnancy Sickness Support, said: "At present treatment varies according to the woman's geographical location.
"Some areas are very good, whereas others have not developed appropriate treatment protocols. There is very little research that that aims to help women with nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.
"In terms of treatments, the most effective appear to be anti-nausea medication. GPs are often reluctant to administer them because they are fearful that they may have harmful effects on the foetus - although there is no evidence to suggest that they have."


Appointed amid the furore of Iain Duncan Smith's explosive resignation, Stephen Crabb has already been tipped to make the headlines in his own right.

The 43-year-old former Welsh secretary, raised by his mother on a council estate in Haverfordwest, has a back story that contrasts sharply with that of many of his cabinet colleagues.
He has spoken in interviews of the "horrible decisions about what food and clothing was affordable" as he was growing up.
Many see his personal story as well suited to his new role at the Department for Work and Pensions, where he will take on the reforms championed by Mr Duncan Smith and fiercely opposed by some charities and opposition MPs.
In an interview with BBC Wales Westminster correspondent David Cornock last month, the MP for Preseli Pembrokeshire described how the welfare system had provided a "genuine safety net at a time of crisis" for his family.
"I had a mother who, as we got older, moved progressively from a position of complete welfare dependency to being fully economically independent, working full-time," he said.
"And that has to be the model of the way the welfare system should work."
Mr Crabb says his first political memory is the 1979 general election that brought Margaret Thatcher to power, and that witnessing her flagship right-to-buy policy on his street had a "huge impact" on him growing up.
After attending Tasker Milward school in Haverfordwest, he studied at Bristol University, gaining a first-class degree in politics, joining the Conservative Party after graduating.
He won his seat at the second attempt in 2005, and worked as a whip before becoming a minister in the Wales Office, where he was appointed secretary of state in July 2014.
Mr Crabb, who is married with two children, lives near Haverfordwest and is a keen rugby player.
He is the first Conservative cabinet minister for a century to have a beard - and David Cameron recently jokingly suggested he could be the next James Bond after comparing him to Hollywood star Russell Crowe.
It's not the only role the new work and pensions secretary - who unlike Mr Duncan Smith supports the UK remaining in the European Union - has been tipped for.
He is well thought-of in Conservative circles - and with David Cameron to stand down as party leader before the next election, some think he could be in line for a bigger promotion.
Scottish Conservative leader Ruth Davidson recently told the Daily Telegraph she would "find it very hard to vote for anyone else" if he was involved in a leadership contest, while the influential Conservative Home website says his promotion will boost his leadership prospects.
"His political convictions were not forged on the playing fields of Eton and his summer job was working on a building site," WalesOnline's political editor David Williamson wrote last week, in an article asking whether Mr Crabb could be the man to unite the Tories after the EU referendum.
Asked about leadership ambitions by the BBC's David Cornock, Mr Crabb said: "I don't think I have an ambition to become leader, really.
"It doesn't feel that long ago in my life that the thought of becoming an MP seemed outlandish and unrealistic, so to find myself a few years ahead sitting at the cabinet table doing a job for Wales, I just feel incredibly blessed with that really."
He went on to say he would fancy "a shot at doing something UK-wide" in the future.
On the morning of his appointment, he tweeted about his "busy Saturday" including an advice surgery in Haverfordwest followed by Wales versus Italy in the Six Nations rugby.
With his sudden elevation into one of the most high-profile jobs in cabinet, it has just got even busier.


Police in South Korea have detained a trade union leader who has been taking refuge in a Buddhist Temple in Seoul for almost a month.

Han Sang-gyun, head of the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions (KCTU), surrendered to police on Thursday
He is accused of inciting violence at an anti-government rally on 14 November.
On Wednesday police began an operation to enter the temple to arrest him but delayed it on the request of the monks.
The monks warned said it would be an act of religious persecution for police to raid the temple.
"If the police raid the temple, it... will be tantamount to a state clampdown on the Jogye Order and on the whole Buddhist movement in South Korea," temple officials said in a statement.
As hundreds of police surrounded the temple on Wednesday evening, the executive chief of the temple held a press conference saying the Jogye Order would resolve the issue by noon on Thursday, after which police suspended the raid.
On Thursday, Mr Han finally emerged, paid his respects at the main temple, addressed his supporters and the media, and then gave himself up to waiting police.
South Korean religious venues, particularly Christian churches, were often used by political activists seeking refuge in the 1980s. There is no law preventing police from raiding such buildings but they have often opted not to.
Those at the protest in November had a diverse range of grievances, from President Park Geun-hye's plans to make it easier to sack workers, to a decision to use only one, state-approved history textbook in the nation's schools.
The rally, which the government says was illegal, saw clashes between police using pepper spray and water cannon, and protesters, some of whom were armed with metal pipes and sharpened bamboo sticks.
The subsequent police crackdown prompted a smaller demonstration on Saturday - 14,000 people, rather than the 60,000 estimated at November's protest - to demand an apology from the president.
Ms Park has drawn the ire of labour unions and farmers for planning to make it easier to dismiss workers and to cap the salaries of senior employees. However, many of her labour market policies are more popular with the general public, according to polls.
The BBC's Stephen Evans in Seoul says there is an increasingly bitter division between South Korea's conservative government and its left-wing critics, who accuse it of diminishing democracy.


Record cap holder Jess Fishlock has not been included in Wales' squad for two friendly matches against the Netherlands.

The 30-year-old midfielder, who won her 100th cap in April, will remain with her club Seattle Reign.
Fishlock did not feature in Wales' squad for two friendlies against Portugal earlier in June.
Wales face Euro 2017 hosts the Netherlands in a full international in Rotterdam on Saturday, 8 July.
The sides will also play a B international at the KNVB Campus in Zeist the following day.
Wales manager Jayne Ludlow has named a squad of 26 for the two games, which are part of their preparations for the 2019 World Cup qualifiers.
Wales squad: Claire Skinner (Aston Villa Ladies) Laura O'Sullivan (Cardiff City Ladies), Loren Dykes (Bristol City), Hannah Miles (Cardiff City Ladies), Hayley Ladd (Bristol City), Sophie Ingle(Liverpool Ladies), Gemma Evans (Cardiff City Ladies), Shaunna Jenkins (Cardiff City Ladies), Chloe Chivers (Cardiff City Ladies), Angharad James (Yeovil Town Ladies), Chloe Lloyd (Cardiff City Ladies), Bronwen Thomas (Brighton & Hove Albion), Georgia Evans (Bristol City), Nadia Lawrence (Yeovil Town Ladies), Alice Griffiths (Cyncoed Ladies), Natasha Harding (Liverpool Ladies), Kayleigh Green (Unattached), Melissa Fletcher (Reading), Rhiannon Roberts (Doncaster Rovers Belles), Peyton Vincze (Oklahoma), Ffion Morgan (Cardiff City Ladies ), Gwennan Davies (Cyncoed Ladies), Amina Vine (Bristol City), Cassia Pike (Liverpool Ladies), Lily Woodham (Bristol City), Elise Hughes (Everton).


Four beef products sold by Bird's Eye, Taco Bell and catering supplier Brakes have been found to contain horse DNA, the Food Standards Agency says.

This is the third wave of test results received by the FSA, which has now received a total of 5,430 test results.
Meanwhile, new tests conducted on beef retail products revealed no new cases of horsemeat adulteration, the British Retail Consortium (BRC) has said.
This latest round of tests saw 1,797 products being examined.
The FSA has asked retailers to test beef products for the presence of more than 1% of horsemeat, with anything above that figure considered to be a sign of adulteration.
Its latest results have found that more than 99% of tests show no horse DNA at or above the level of 1%.
The affected products are Birds Eye's Traditional Spaghetti Bolognese and Beef Lasagne - which the company took off shelves last week as a precaution; Brakes' Spicy Beef Skewer; Taco Bell's Ground Beef.
Taco Bell has three outlets in Britain and says all its affected stock has been removed. The products had come from a supplier in Europe, the company said.
A spokesman for Taco Bell said: "Once we learned of this issue, we immediately voluntarily tested our product for our three Taco Bell restaurants in the UK.
"Based on that testing, we learned ingredients supplied to us from one supplier in Europe tested positive for horsemeat.
"We immediately withdrew it from sale, and discontinued purchase of that meat and contacted the Food Standards Agency with this information. We apologise to our customers and take this matter very seriously as food quality is our highest priority."
Birds Eye said in a statement: "We are introducing a new ongoing DNA testing programme that will ensure no minced beef meat product can leave our facilities without first having been cleared by DNA testing."
Brakes, which is based in Ashford, Kent, said: "Our testing programme represents a significant proportion of all results the FSA has obtained from across the food industry.
"Brakes have also segregated a frozen burger as a precaution after equine DNA at 1% was reported to the Food Standards Agency."
It said it was "very disappointed to have been let down" by suppliers and that it "sincerely apologised to our customers."
Meanwhile, fast food chain McDonald's announced that none of its meat products had tested positive for horse DNA, adding customers could "continue to trust in the quality of food" served at its restaurants.
The BRC says 95% of its members' products have been checked, including all minced beef lines used by the UK's largest supermarkets.
There have been 361 tests on 103 products carried out since 22 February.
The trade organisation represents a range of retailers, including supermarkets and independent shops.
A total of 1,889 tests have been carried out by BRC members since 20 January, with 0.3% of them finding traces of horsemeat.
The BRC's food director, Andrew Opie said: "The UK's major supermarkets, and a number of other BRC-member food businesses, have now tested all existing processed minced beef products.
"The reassuring news is that another intensive week of testing has produced no new positive results. And, since this testing programme started in mid-January, just a third of 1% of products have tested positive."
Horsemeat was first discovered in January in frozen burgers on sale in the UK and the Republic of Ireland, and since then traces have been discovered in processed beef products and prepared meals across the EU.
A first wave of tests on beef products sold in the UK found horsemeat in some products sold by Aldi, Co-op, Findus, Rangeland and Tesco.
Subsequent rounds of testing revealed adulteration in some products sold by Asda, Sodexo - which supplies food to schools, care homes and the armed forces - and the Whitbread Group.
Last week Ikea withdrew a batch of frozen meatballs from sale in the food section of stores in the UK, and other European countries, after tests in the Czech Republic found traces of horsemeat in those products.


Sir Cliff Richard and the BBC have agreed to try to reach a settlement over coverage of a police raid on the singer's home.

Lawyers told a High Court judge on Friday that both sides had agreed to pause the legal fight for one month.
Sir Cliff is suing the BBC and South Yorkshire Police over coverage of the 2014 raid.
Lawyers for the singer previously said he had suffered "profound and long-lasting" damage from the incident.
Mr Justice Mann, who has been overseeing the preliminary hearings at the High Court in London, indicated that he would review matters in the near future.
Sir Cliff was investigated over historical sexual assault allegations, which he denied, and the case was dropped by the Crown Prosecution Service in June last year because of insufficient evidence.
The singer is seeking "very substantial" compensation because he says the coverage of the raid at his apartment in Sunningdale, Berkshire, invaded his privacy.
BBC editors have previously apologised for distress but have said they will "defend ourselves vigorously".
A spokeswoman said the BBC had reported Sir Cliff's "full denial of the allegations at every stage".
South Yorkshire Police have apologised "wholeheartedly for the additional anxiety caused" by the force's "initial handling of the media interest" in its investigation into the singer.


The future of the Italian Grand Prix at the historic Monza circuit has been secured for the next three seasons.

Monza has signed a new contract until 2019 with Formula 1's commercial arm worth a total of 68m Euros (£60.5m).
F1 will receive €22m in 2017 and 2018 and €24m in 2019, according to a source close to the deal.
The move ends a period of uncertainty over the future of Monza, which is the oldest race on the calendar. It first held the Italian GP in 1921.
The F1 group will also receive an additional figure - said by sources to be in the region of €3-4m - to exploit a space outside the back of the paddock formerly occupied by a museum and the rights to some of the merchandise shops at the track.
The deal is one of the final pieces to fall into place before the publication of the official 2017 calendar later this week following a meeting of the world council of governing body the FIA on Wednesday.
There are expected to be 20 races next season, one less than in 2016 because Germany has failed to agree a commercial deal for the race to be held at Hockenheim instead of the financially-troubled Nurburgring, whose turn it is.
There have also been question marks over the Brazilian and Canadian Grands Prix.
The mayor of Montreal announced last week that the Canadian race was safe but the future of Interlagos in Sao Paulo remains in doubt as a result of a contractual dispute with F1 boss Bernie Ecclestone.
The season is expected to take a very similar shape to this year, with the opening race in Melbourne, Australia on 26 March.
The cancellation of Germany is likely to lead to Hungary being moved back a week, creating a three-week gap between the British Grand Prix on 9 July and the Hungaroring on 30 July.
Sources say there may be some shuffling of the end-of-season races since the publication of the provisional calendar in September, with the races in Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, USA and Mexico reverting to this year's positions.


Two men have been arrested after a police officer was hurt in a motorway crash while pursuing a car.

The officer's vehicle overturned on the M61 in Bolton while trying to stop a car suspected of being involved in a hit-and-run in Blackpool on Monday.
The PC was taken to hospital with minor injures and has since been discharged.
The men, aged 35 and 22, both from Ashton-under-Lyne in Greater Manchester, were arrested and bailed until 29 November.
The 35-year-old was held on suspicion of two counts of failing to stop at the scene of an accident, dangerous driving and drink and drug driving.
The 22-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of dangerous driving and failing to stop at the scene of an accident.


More than 50 children in north Kent have been allocated school places in a neighbouring London borough because of a lack of spaces locally.

Kent County Council (KCC) told pupils in Dartford they cannot go to any of their chosen schools in September but can have places at Erith School.
Parent Richard Robertson said it would mean his daughter Josie having to take three buses to school in Bexley.
KCC said it was looking at offering paces at Ebbsfleet Academy instead.
Councillor Roger Gough said the shortage of places was caused by the closure of the Oasis Hextable Academy at the end of this academic year.
"Oasis Hextable closed because its numbers were relatively low and the provider felt it was financially unviable," he said.
"We argued strongly to government that the closure should not take place because there was a need for school places in this corner of Kent."
He said the council was looking again at the allocation of places since parent has raised the issue of the bus journey to Erith.
Ebbsfleet Academy, in Kent, which has places, is further from Dartford but is accessible with a single bus journey.
"Since parents raised with us the concern that bus journeys were not looking at all manageable we have been in discussions with Ebbsfleet Academy and a new set of offers is being made," said Mr Gough.


A fire on a bus in China that killed five South Korean and six Chinese children was started deliberately by the driver, Chinese state media say.

The children, aged between three and seven, were being driven to their kindergarten in the city of Weihai when the bus burst into flames in a tunnel.
The driver was angry that his overtime and night shift pay had been cut, police told Xinhua news agency.
The children's teacher and the driver were also killed.
The fire was started on the bus floor near the driver's seat. Part of a lighter was discovered nearby and petrol traces were found on the bus, Xinhua said.
Electrical faults and traffic accidents had been ruled out as possible causes, police said.


Commuters have been battling their way through the capital after the whole London Underground network was shut down by a 24-hour strike.

For those who are in London on a one-off trip, navigating the Tube network can seem daunting but do-able.
However, trying to work out the same journey on foot or by bus seems a step too far.
"I have no idea where I am going," said Victoria Millar, clutching her mobile phone outside Waterloo station. "Do you know how to get to Farringdon?"
The 21-year-old, from Reading, is on work experience where she is helping to trace missing beneficiaries who are entitled to receive money from someone who has died.
Her first task this morning is to try and navigate a map app on her phone to trace her route to work.
"I don't think they realise they're affecting so many people and it's not just Londoners, people coming from outside don't know their way around.
"The stewards have been helpful, but there is only so much they can do if everyone is asking them questions."
"Number 139, number 139," shouts a steward at a bus stop at Waterloo. It is 07:30 BST and there's already a queue of people snaking round the corner.
Wearing a bright pink vest emblazoned with the words Transport for London, another steward admits it has been busy but he has not been verbally abused or assaulted by anyone - yet.
Reena is cradling her pregnant stomach as she sits at the bus stop, looking at the line of people.
"I've been here about 30 minutes. I am waiting for the bus but I can't really stand in my condition," she said.
Her sympathy for the London Underground workers, who are taking action in a dispute over pay and conditions, is running thin.
"I think a lot of employees are faced with difficult decisions they may not like but you have to get on with it," she said.
The station is beginning to fill up and you can start to feel some tension in the air.
"I'm already running late and I am really stressed, said 43-year-old Isatu Gando, who's had to travel from Thornton Heath to Waterloo via Clapham Junction.
"I've got a training day and I'm not sure if they will let me in if I'm late.
"How can one set of people cause all this when they go on strike?"
Other Londoners seem to be taking the day in their stride, with some even enjoying it.
"It's been quite fun," said Peter Mullett, whose journey from Archway to Westminster has involved a train, bus, a bike and some walking.
"I quite like the change in journey," he admitted.
"If it was raining I might be in a different mood though."
The 55-year-old civil servant seems to be the only one smiling as he picks up his red cycle hire bike.
"I didn't think I was going to get one," said Matt Evans as he wheels one of the last hire bikes from the docks.
"I first took one of these at the last Tube strike and now I use them all the time.
"I think this is good, it makes people think about exploring London above ground."
Elisa Neponucno, who is trying to catch a bus to the City, has sympathy with the strikers.
"If this is the only way they can do it - they have to stand up for their rights," she said.
Dee Trivedi, who's walking from Waterloo to Bank, is not so sure.
"Their war is with Boris Johnson, it's not with the capital," she said.
"I don't know what this strike is going to achieve."
Judging by the lengthy taxi queue at Waterloo - cab drivers might be the only winners in this dispute?
"No, I don't think so, it's been absolute chaos," said black cab driver Steve Pearce.
He has just travelled about 10 miles from Wimbledon to Haymarket after being hailed down by a traveller who needed to get into the centre of town.
"I sympathise with the union members - if you're not getting anywhere you've got to stand up and shout."


One of the key challenges that the UK faces is how to care for the growing number of people with dementia.

According to the Alzheimer's Society, by next year there will be 850,000 people living with dementia in the country. By 2025 there will be more than 1m people who have the condition.
The charity estimates every three minutes someone new develops dementia. It is a condition that changes not just the life of that person, but also the lives of the family around them.
It takes skill and understanding to provide the care and support needed as the condition robs a person of the memories they have stored up over a life time and makes everyday tasks difficult. With the right support many people can live well with the condition, but the challenge for many families is getting the help they need.
Andriani Adamou started developing the first signs of dementia when she was in her late fifties. To begin with her grown-up children cared for her at home, but then she started to believe they were imposters, intent on killing her. She spent six months on a psychiatric ward, but now has been moved to a care home.
"It seems to me that at the moment there is a bit of a lottery", her son Alex says. "If you have problems with your heart, or with your liver, or with your lungs, then it's a medical problem, and the care that you need for all the symptoms of those problems will be paid for by the NHS.
"But, if you have a problem with your brain…It's deemed to be a social problem and therefore it's passed down to local authorities."
Andriani's terraced house in London had to be sold to pay for her care, which costs in the region of £45,000 a year. The family thinks that it will be six or seven years before the money from the sale of her house runs out. These are the sort of catastrophic costs that some families can face.
The Alzheimer's Society estimates that if you include the unpaid care provided by families, the cost of caring for people with dementia in the UK runs to the equivalent of more than £26bn each year or £30,000 for each person with dementia. It says two thirds of the cost is met by families.
For Andriani's son, Alex, the money involved is just one more thing to worry about.
"Although the financial decisions are difficult and they're frightening because of the scale of sums involved, they always pale into insignificance compared to the human and emotional problems and decisions that you're having to make on a daily basis when you're looking after someone or when you're making decisions about their care and where they're going to be."
The BBC has launched an online guide to the care system for the over-65s. The "care calculator" covers both residential care and the support provided in people's own homes, for tasks such as washing and dressing.
Users can submit their postcode and find out how much each service costs wherever they live in the UK.
There is also a dedicated BBC Cost of Care website with news stories, explainers, analysis and video.
At the moment the family has no prospect of getting help from their local authority until her assets fall below £23,250. When the government's new care cap comes into effect in April 2016, they will get help sooner.
The BBC's care calculator estimates it will take two years and three months to reach the £72,000 cap. In reality she will have spent nearly £100,000 on her care during that time because living costs and any extra payments to the care home are not counted.
Once the cap is reached her local authority will pay the rate it sets for care, she will still be responsible for £230 a week living costs, as well as any additional charges. The sums are still high, but for her family it would take away some of the worry over how they cover the extra costs of care over the many years Andriani will need support.
Jeremy Hughes, the chief executive of the Alzheimer's Society, believes the Care Act reforms are a step in the right direction, but won't help most people who have to pay for care.
"In this country we have an army of unpaid carers - wives, husbands, daughters and sons - holding up a social care system on its knees."
"The failure of successive governments to invest in resources to help our most vulnerable is seen in the strain put on families, and these changes don't do enough to change that."
But the Department of Health insists the Care Act will make an important difference to people. A spokeswoman said: "We want to make sure those with dementia, their families and carers get the help they need. It's precisely because people face such unfair care costs that we are transforming the way people pay for care, capping the amount they have to pay and providing more financial help."
And they point to the emphasis the Prime Minister has placed on improving dementia care.
"To tackle this devastating condition, we are also doubling funding for research, pushing the NHS to improve diagnosis rates and post-diagnostic support, and focusing national attention on dementia like never before."


Sixteen-time world champion Phil Taylor suffered a major upset as he was beaten 4-3 by Dutchman Jelle Klaasen in the last 16 of the PDC World Championship.

'The Power' appeared to have escaped after 19th seed Klaasen missed four doubles to take a 3-1 lead, and double 18 to win the match in the sixth set.
Taylor took out 126 with a bullseye but missed double top to clinch it.
Klaasen rattled off four straight legs to win the final set 4-2 and book a quarter-final against Alan Norris.
Englishman Norris, on his PDC World Championship debut, was a comfortable 4-1 winner over Welshman Mark Webster.
But after the exit of world number one Michael van Gerwen on Tuesday, Taylor's demise left Alexandra Palace in shock for the second consecutive night.
Taylor looked far more confident and composed early on, but the quick-fire, superior scoring and consistent finishing of 2006 BDO champion Klaasen eventually told.
"I am gutted," Taylor said. "I had chances but I wasn't as good as Jelle tonight. I kept plugging away but I missed 64 and that was the turning point.
"I have got to look forward to next year now. I am not fit enough, I am not mentally right for it at the moment. I was pushing to get myself right to get through.
"I am getting divorced in February but hopefully next year I can push on."
Earlier, Suffolk-based Scot Peter Wright won a thrilling tussle with Dave Chisnall 4-3, taking the deciding set 6-4.
Englishman Chisnall led 1-0, 2-1 and 3-2, but the number four seed, sporting a striking red mohawk, hit back each time to level.
The standard in the decider was superb as both players repeatedly broke each other's throw to win legs against the darts.
Chisnall took out 130 to level the set at 4-4 before 2014 finalist Wright broke again, and after missing three attempts at a double with 24 left, finally landed double six to book a quarter-final against number five seed Adrian Lewis.
"I am over the moon. I have always found it hard to beat 'Chizzy'," Wright told Sky Sports. "He is a fantastic player and never gives up.
"The way Adrian is hitting treble 19s at the moment, he is a dangerous man. It should be another fantastic game."


The US accounts for 72 of the world's 200 best universities, according to an international league table.

The Times Higher Education magazine's table, based on a number of criteria, including teaching, research and staff and student mix, has Harvard top.
Only five British institutions are ranked among the top 50, with Cambridge and Oxford in joint sixth place.
However, last week a separate study in the UK ranked Cambridge as the world's top university, followed by Harvard.
University leaders say the latest table indicates the UK still has the world's second-strongest university system, but that this is under threat.
California Institute of Technology is ranked at number two in the table, with Massachusetts Institute of Technology in third place.
The only university outside of North America and the UK in the top 20 is the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich.
In the top 10, other than Cambridge and Oxford, the only non-US university is Imperial College London, in ninth.
Mainland China has six institutions in the top 200, more than any other country in Asia.
Only two Australian institutions are in the top 50, with seven in the top 200.
In the past, the Times Higher Education magazine had collaborated with the careers advice company QS to rank universities, but this year both organisations have produced separate lists, using different criteria.
Times Higher Education survey editor Phil Baty said a change to the way the tables had been compiled made comparisons over time difficult.
But he added: "We do contend, however, that these tables are realistic and so, in some cases, they may deliver an unpleasant wake-up call that the days of trading on reputation alone are coming to an end."
David Willetts, UK Minister for Universities and Science, said: "Our universities have demonstrated their worth against new, more rigorous criteria.
"Reputation counts for less this time, and the weight accorded to quality in teaching and learning is greater."
Professor Steve Smith, president of Universities UK, which represents vice chancellors, said: "The tables may show that the UK remains the second-strongest university system in the world, but the most unmistakeable conclusion is that this position is genuinely under threat.
"The higher education sector is one of the UK's international success stories, but it faces unprecedented competition. Our competitors are investing significant sums in their universities, just when the UK is contemplating massive cuts in its expenditure on universities and science.
"Clearly, league tables must always come with a health warning as they never tell the whole story, but these rankings provide a useful indicator of international trends.
"This must serve as a wake-up call before big decisions are taken on university funding next month in the form of the government's spending review and the recommendations of Lord Browne's review into university funding and fees."
This league table is one of many produced by organisations around the world.
According to a report earlier this year by the European Commission, 33 countries have some form of ranking system operated by government and accreditation agencies, higher education, research and commercial organisations, or the media.
The report says different systems favour different indicators, and the same indicators can be weighted differently by the various systems.
Experts have expressed "serious reservations" about the methodologies used by global ranking organisations, it says.
In the rankings released by QS last week, Cambridge was at the top, followed by Harvard.
The UK's University College London, Oxford and Imperial College were all in the top 10.


Prehistoric footprints have been discovered on Gower after storms revealed an ancient mud bank.

The five likely Bronze Age footprints were found at Port Eynon beach by Dr Edith Evans, of the Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust, during a walk.
She said: "They are not the clearest of things but I recognised them straightaway."
Other recent beach storm finds include two cannon in Porthcawl and 10,000-year-old tree remains in Pembrokeshire.
The trust has been monitoring the coast since 2009 after whole tree trunks started to appear in the peat bed which is being eroded by the sea.
Sand which covered the sea bed as a result of erosion was swept away by the storms to uncover the footprints for the first time since they were laid.
The footprints have not been radiocarbon dated but are estimated to be from between 2,300 BC and 700 BC.
Dr Evans said: "There are five prints, probably made by more than one person as they are of two slightly different lengths, and as two of them point towards the sea and the other three point inland.
"The peat has now become so firm that it is impossible to make an impression on it, but when it was first laid down it would have consisted of a soft mass of vegetation.
"When the footprints were made, they would have filled up with a deposit of different composition.  We assume that the rough seas have washed out this deposit to leave the footprints exposed.
"They were not very clear, one reason being that they were partly covered with sand."
The trust said since 2007 its volunteers have found cattle and pony hoof prints in a peat bed on Kenfig Sands near Sker Point, Bridgend,
Last month, two Georgian-era cannon were found at Pink Bay, Porthcawl, by two dog walkers.
It took a team of around 17 lifeboat crew members, coastguards and local lifeguards to move one of the cannon from the beach.
Also in January, the remains of 10,000-year-old trees were exposed at Newgale, Pembrokeshire.
At the end of the month a ship's wheel which may date back to the 19th Century was uncovered in Swansea Bay.
A member of a heritage group found the wheel while exploring sands near Mumbles.


A leading Welsh conductor has warned European musicians may quit UK orchestras because of "uncertainty" about the impact of Brexit.

Owain Arwel Hughes said there was still no detail about the implications of leaving the EU on the movement of artists and instruments.
The UK government plans to reach a deal to leave the EU by March 2019.
It said it was ready to help UK musicians and the wider industry "maximise the opportunities ahead."
Mr Hughes, who founded the Welsh Proms, said it was "vitally important to alleviate this uncertainty" for musicians from EU countries who play for UK orchestras.
"We don't know what's going to happen to them. Are they going to be uncertain and choose to leave the orchestra and go home, so everybody leaves the orchestra?" he said.
"There's the uncertainty of, 'Do we stay, what is going to happen?"
Mr Hughes regularly conducts orchestras in Cardiff and London and carries out engagements in European cities.
He said it was currently straightforward to bring singers or musicians from EU countries as last-minute replacements for performances in the UK, but restrictions on movement could impact future concerts.
"Let's say there's an opera going on in Covent Garden and the singer goes ill, as often happens. Normally you can get somebody like that who can come from anywhere.
"But if that freedom goes, you'll never get anyone in time. They'll be going through visa applications and goodness knows what.
"Same thing with instrumentalists playing concertos and so on, to have that freedom knowing the role can be filled by anybody is very, very important."
Regard it as an opportunity rather than a threat
Arts journalist Mike Smith, who supported the campaign to leave the EU, said: "My main message to them is to regard it as an opportunity rather than a threat.
"To look at the things we have learnt from the European Union - that we do need access for artists to be able to travel across borders, but we should go back to a more internationalist view, and that actually we should be negotiating for free access on the global stage."
Artists and their instruments currently enjoy relatively free movement between EU countries.
Outside the EU, performers and their equipment must often pay for visas and other documentation.
Andy Farquharson is a logistics manager responsible for organising orchestral tours and concerts.
He said: "At the moment it's relatively simple, certainly within the EU. If you want to go further afield it does require more licences not just for the performers themselves, but actually for their instruments as well. They are classed as cultural goods.
"So at the moment it is relatively free to move those around, but I think the concern is that if those borders come closer to home then actually the movement is going to become more tricky.
"And that's where companies such as mine will be more heavily involved in supporting people because when you go to actually move and run the tour it's a bit too late if you haven't got the paperwork in place. So yeah, it could potentially be quite tricky."
Touring - with strings attached
Welsh folk group Calan tours extensively in the EU and around the world.
Violinist Angharad Jenkins said: "At the moment, going to Europe is very easy. All you have to do is book your flight and you are there - you could take a gig this weekend and you wouldn't have to think twice about it.
"America, on the other hand, there's a huge logistical problem to overcome in that you have to get working visas to go over there."
She said plans to tour the EU after March 2019 would be formalised next year.
"We tend to work about 18 months in advance, we know what we are doing until the end of 2018. But of course next year we will be starting to plan what's happening in 2019 and my hope is that it will continue to be the same and that we can move freely around Europe, but who knows?"
The Department for Exiting the European Union said: "We are working across UK Government to identify and develop options to shape our future immigration system.
"We are engaging with businesses and communities through a series of Brexit roundtables to understand the opportunities and challenges that arise from our EU exit including touring musicians and crews.
"We want music in all its forms to continue to thrive and stand ready to help UK musicians and the wider industry maximise the opportunities ahead."


An Everton fan has died after collapsing during the second half of a Premier League match at the club's home ground Goodison Park on Saturday.

A statement released by the club said the 51-year-old man was taken ill during the 1-0 win against Stoke City.
He was taken to Aintree Hospital in Liverpool, but died shortly after.
Everton said it was "deeply saddened", adding: "The thoughts and prayers of everybody at the football club are with his family and friends."
It said: "The fan, who was seated in the Sir Philip Carter Park End Stand for the game, became unwell just after 16:15 BST.
"Police officers, an off duty doctor and paramedics performed CPR on the supporter prior to the arrival of an ambulance."
The club added that it would "continue to provide all the support possible to the family".
Liverpool Echo reporter Greg O'Keeffe, who was at the match, said as the man was carried away on a stretcher, fans in the stand stood and applauded paramedics who had tried to save him.


The way students are admitted to Oxford and Cambridge universities is complex and intimidating, says a charity that champions social mobility in education.

The Sutton Trust says Oxbridge should simplify the process to help those from schools and homes not familiar with it.
The universities accused the trust of making "unjustified criticisms" and perpetuating "common myths".
The report comes after David Cameron warned top institutions they needed to do more to tackle social inequality.
The Sutton Trust says would-be undergraduates at Oxford and Cambridge have to undergo different interviews, tests and written assessments depending on the course and college to which they are applying.
"Both universities evaluate many different aspects of a prospective student's application in great detail," the report, Oxbridge Admissions, says.
"But this means that there is significant complexity in the admissions system to both universities, which can seem off-putting to students unfamiliar with the process who may have little support from their schools."
It also warns that interviews "can be intimidating for young people, not least to those who have not had significant preparation and support to prepare".
The Sutton Trust report highlights a number of issues it says make the current admissions procedure complicated. For example:
The Sutton Trust report comes just days after Cambridge University announced would-be undergraduates would have to sit written tests as part of the application process.
The university said the aim was to maintain fairness during changes to the qualification system in England.
Responding to the report, a spokesman for Cambridge University said the university had worked closely with the Sutton Trust to widen participation.
"We are therefore disappointed that this report demonstrates a lack of understanding of our admissions process and makes a series of incorrect and unjustified criticisms and recommendations," he said.
"We have a proven track record of improving access. We are committed to widening participation whilst maintaining high academic standards.
"We continually review our admissions processes and the effectiveness of our extensive widening participation work."
A spokeswoman for Oxford University said: "We are disappointed that one of our longstanding access partners is actively perpetuating some of the most common myths about how the selection process works.
"These myths are a fundamental barrier to Oxford's access work, and only reinforce perceptions that deter exactly those candidates we try hardest to encourage to apply."
She said Oxford was committed to transparency and self-scrutiny and reviewed its selection criteria and admissions policies on an "ongoing basis".
"Oxford is interested not just in demonstrated ability but academic potential, and admissions tutors carefully consider not just candidates' achievements but the context in which they occur when making offers," she said.
Sir Peter Lampl, who chairs the Sutton Trust, said: "Our surveys and experience suggest that many bright state school students are put off by the application process, which is both intimidating and complex.
"Specifically, we believe that the universities rather than the colleges should control the admissions policies and interviews.
"The numbers of additional exams and tests should be reviewed, again to avoid advantaging those who gain from extra tuition and support.
"More should be done to consider contextual admissions, recognising how much harder it can be for a bright student in a tough inner city school than in a successful private or state school."


Glasgow Warriors' European Cup match in Paris has been postponed after a series of attacks across the French capital.

Nearly 130 people were killed in gun and bomb attacks on Friday.
Glasgow, who flew into Paris on Friday, were scheduled to face Racing 92 at Stade Yves-du-Manoir on Saturday.
Head coach Gregor Townsend told BBC Scotland: "Our thoughts go out to the people of Racing, the people of Paris, and the whole sporting world is behind Paris just now."
The Warriors squad is due to travel back to Glasgow around Sunday lunchtime, as originally planned.
Racing 92's ground is six miles away from the Stade de France, the scene of three deaths while France were playing Germany in a football friendly.
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Townsend, who played in France for Montpellier, Brive and Castres, continued: "It was obviously very concerning for the supporters that came across for this and would have been in Paris at the time.
"Coaches and players had family and friends across and that was the main concern, that they were safe and it sounds like they all were.
"We are very connected with our supporters and they were looking forward to supporting the team out here in Paris against a new opposition. For them to be caught up in what happened is shocking but obviously our thoughts go out to the people of Paris first of all."
Townsend broke the news to his players early on Saturday morning that the match against Racing would not go ahead and he says it would have been hard for his players to focus on a game after witnessing the awful scenes in Paris.
"We knew the game was off when we spoke to them about 8.30am. We didn't know whether it would go ahead the following day or potentially the Monday but to get the news quite quickly after that that there was no game this weekend was probably a relief.
"The players are professional and were obviously starting to get in to their match-day routine. I think if the build-up had gone on more, they obviously would have been thinking about what had gone on."


Sean Cavanagh has ended speculation over his future by confirming he will remain with Tyrone next year.

The 33-year-old Red Hands captain was sent-off in the All-Ireland quarter-final defeat by Mayo in August.
"Hope to be fit & healthy enough to pull on my beloved Red Hand jersey in 2017. Couldn't finish like that," Cavanagh tweeted.
He also tweeted 'One For The Road...' on Tuesday, suggesting that 2017 will be his his final inter-county campaign.
Cavanagh, who will representing Tyrone for a 16th year, has won three All-Ireland titles along with five All Stars.


The home and email addresses of the 38,000 entrants to the London Marathon were accidentally published on the organisers' website, the BBC has discovered.

A number of high-profile celebrities and politicians were among those who had their personal details made public in the data protection breach.
The details were accessible all day to anybody logging on to the site.
Marathon organisers apologised and said the mistake had been rectified.
BBC Sports News Correspondent James Pearce said organisers had been unaware of the security breach until they were alerted by the BBC on Monday evening.
The problem first came to light when a television presenter was contacted by a member of the public who had found her home address.
The details were available on the section in which commemorative medals, with individual race times inscribed, could be ordered.
Nick Bitel, the chief executive of the London Marathon, said: "We apologise for this error, and are grateful to the BBC for bringing it to our attention.
"We immediately made sure that the glitch was corrected.
"We do not believe that this has led to a substantial number of individuals' details being accessed by members of the public."
Gordon Ramsay, Nell McAndrew and Shadow Chancellor Ed Balls were among those who took part.
A spokesman for the Information Commissioner told the BBC they would "certainly" be launching an investigation.
He said: "This is something the Information Commissioner will need to look in to to see how it has come about.
"It's the reasons these things come about that determine the course of the investigation.
"Every case is different and we will certainly be making enquiries."
The Data Protection Act states that appropriate measures must be taken against accidental loss of personal data.
Under the act any breaches could be considered either a civil or criminal offence depending on the circumstances, the Information Commissioner's spokesman said.


Scarlets leapfrogged Glasgow Warriors into fourth place in the Pro12 with an impressive 26-14 victory at Scotstoun.

Pat MacArthur gave Glasgow an early lead, scoring from a driving maul, but it was negated when Tom Williams, then James Davies bagged well-worked tries.
Scarlets held a nine-point half-time lead - one their excellence at the breakdown and in defence preserved.
Glasgow produced fleeting glimpses of verve but only had a Rory Clegg penalty to show for their second-half efforts.
This was a big and deserved win for the Scarlets who utterly destroyed Glasgow at the breakdown. Any time Glasgow threatened to get up a head of steam they got turned over on the floor. Their chief tormenter was Davies, who not only scored a try but also served as a brick wall to the home team's momentum.
Things had started pretty well for Glasgow, MacArthur driving over from a lineout maul to make it 8-3 after early penalties from Clegg and Dan Jones. The hooker struck while the Scarlets were down to 14 men, Jones getting binned for a kamikaze tackle on Sam Johnson.
That 10-minute spell was won by the Scarlets despite their numbers deficit, Williams eventually stepping over after multiple phases had stretched Glasgow to breaking point. Williams converted his own score to put the Welsh 10-8 ahead.
Clegg and Jones exchanged penalties again soon after and, then, before the break the Scarlets went over again. Once more it was the product of terrific control and patience in the forwards and accuracy when the moment of truth arrived. Davies took his chance, Jones converted and Glasgow were in major bother at 20-11 down.
Scarlets' dominance at the breakdown carried on apace. Glasgow created good field position but got checked on the floor and retreated in frustration. Clegg's boot made it 20-14, but Jones cancelled that one in quick order.
Then they carried on snuffing Glasgow out at source. They were lucky to avoid a yellow card when Tom Price went head first into a ruck and clattered into Rory Hughes. Referee George Clancy settled for a penalty instead of a card. He could have penalised the Scarlets for a high tackle just after but he let that one go, too.
More breakdown efficiency from the visitors and more errors from the hosts meant the Scarlets eased away to victory. Substitute Aled Thomas banged over three more points a few minutes from the end to put the seal on a comprehensive, and significant, win.
Glasgow Warriors: P Murchie, L Jones, N Grigg, S Johnson, R Hughes, R Clegg, H Pyrgos (captain); A Allan, P MacArthur, D Rae, B Alainu'uese, S Cummings, R Harley, C Fusaro, A Ashe.
Replacements: J Malcolm, J Bhatti, S Puafisi, R Vernon, L Wynne, G Hart, H Schulte, S Lamont.
Scarlets: J McNicholl, T Williams, G Owen, H Parkes, DTH van der Merwe, D Jones, J Evans, W Jones, R Elias, W Kruger, T Price, L Rawlins, A Shingler, J Davies, W Boyde.
Replacements: E Phillips, L Garrett, N Thomas, T Beirne, J Macleod, A Davies, A Thomas, S Hughes.


US Secretary of State John Kerry has questioned the judgement of Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu over his stance on Iran's nuclear programme.

Mr Netanyahu has criticised the US and others for "giving up" on trying to stop Iran obtaining nuclear weapons.
The Israeli PM "may not be correct", Mr Kerry said after attending the latest Iran nuclear talks in Geneva.
Mr Netanyahu will address Congress next week, after an invitation by Republican leaders criticised by the White House.
Mr Kerry was reacting to a speech in which Mr Netanyahu had said the US and others were "accepting that Iran will gradually, within a few years, develop capabilities to produce material for many nuclear weapons".
"I respect the White House and the president of the United States but on such a fateful matter, that can determine whether or not we survive, I must do everything to prevent such a great danger for Israel," he said in a speech in Israel.
Having just concluded the latest round of nuclear talks with Iran in Geneva, Mr Kerry told senators President Obama had made it clear the policy was not to let Iran get nuclear weapons and Mr Netanyahu's might therefore not be correct.
The invitation for Mr Netanyahu to speak before Congress has angered Democrats.
A spokesman for the White House warned against reducing US-Israeli relations to a party-political issue.
Administration officials have been hitting back at Mr Netanyahu's aggressive opposition to the nuclear deal they're negotiating with Iran - they're unhappy his speech to Congress will give him a platform to make his case as talks reach a critical juncture.
Susan Rice's comments highlight that strain and are the most direct reference by a senior official to the damage caused by the controversy over the visit. It was arranged by Republican congressional leaders without consulting the Democrats or the White House, just two weeks before Mr Netanyahu faces an election.
That has angered Democrats, some of whom feel they'll be forced to choose between President Obama and their desire not to upset Israel. More than a dozen have said they plan to skip the speech, opening an unprecedented breach in the usual show of bipartisan support for Israel.
Earlier, US National Security Adviser Susan Rice had gone further and said Mr Netanyahu's visit was "destructive to the fabric of the relationship".
Mr Netanyahu was invited by House Speaker John Boehner in what is seen as a rebuke to US President Barack Obama's Iran policy.
Mr Netanyahu is expected to discuss Iran, as well as Islamist militant groups, in his address.
The current tensions took root over a decade ago when Iran's nuclear programme first came to light.
In 2005, Iran was referred to the UN Security Council, leading to a series of sanctions and UN resolutions requiring Tehran to stop enriching uranium.
The US and other powers - the so-called P5+1 - are negotiating with Iran on its nuclear programme. They want to agree a deal by March this year, but Mr Netanyahu is opposed to any agreement which might allow Tehran to retain the future capacity to build a nuclear weapon.
The Israeli leader has turned down an invitation to meet Senate Democrats privately, saying this "could compound the misperception of partisanship" surrounding his trip.
Israeli papers are divided over the Obama-Netanyahu spat, with one appearing bemused by the prime minister's stance.
"The odd, even tragic, thing is that Netanyahu has been doing all he can in recent weeks to help the Iranians achieve their goal," Hemi Shalev writes in Haaretz.
"First by alienating Obama and the administration, then by provoking the Democratic senators," he adds, referring to Mr Netanyahu's refusal to meet senate democrats separately.
A commentary in the pro-Netanyahu paper Yisrael Hayom comes out in strong support of the prime minister, saying his Congress speech will be "the last chance to prevent a bad agreement that leaves Iran a threshold nuclear state".
"The future will prove to what extent Israel was right to be at the forefront of the struggle against the US administration," Haim Shain writes.
In Yedioth Ahronoth, Guy Bechur dismisses fears of a deeper rupture between the US and Israel, and quotes a Gallop poll in the US as suggesting that 70% of Americans "support or very much support Israel".
Several Democratic members of Congress including Vice-President Joe Biden have said they will not attend the speech.
Republican leaders did not consult the Obama administration before inviting Mr Netanyahu, which the White House has called a breach of protocol.
White House spokesman Josh Earnest said on Wednesday: "The president has said the relationship between the US and Israel can't just be reduced to a relationship between the Republican party and the Likud party."
Mr Obama does not plan to meet Mr Netanyahu next week. The White House cited the "long-standing practice" of not meeting government leaders close to elections, which Israel will hold in mid-March.
Mr Netanyahu is fighting a tough election against the Labour Party's Yitzhak Herzog, who has focused on the prime minister's cooler relations with Mr Obama.