Ex-Russia boss Leonid Slutsky, who has been strongly linked with Hull City, says Chelsea owner Roman Abramovich is helping him get a job in England.

Slutsky, 46, is reportedly set to take charge at Hull, who were relegated from the Premier League last season.
The former CSKA Moscow manager says he is Russian billionaire Abramovich's current "project" and has been learning English for five months.
"He is my friend and he tries to help me in the situation," said Slutsky.
Marco Silva resigned as Hull boss in May following the club's relegation to the Championship and Slutsky has emerged as the leading contender to replace the Portuguese, who has since taken over at Watford.
Slutsky won three Russian titles during his seven-year stint at CSKA, while also leading Russia to Euro 2016 after taking over from former England boss Fabio Capello.
"I have studied English and watched a lot of football matches," he told BBC World Service. "Not only Premier League... Championship and League One."
Slutsky said Abramovich, who has owned Premier League champions Chelsea since 2003, has done a lot to "help Russian football".
"He had an academy in Russia, invested a lot for infrastructure in Russian football," he added.
"He built about 300 artificial pitches and was sponsor of the Russian national team.
"Today, his project in Russian football is me."
Asked which English word he has learned that means the most to him, Slutsky added: "For me, in my situation today, maybe very important is 'dream'."


A police officer killed in the Manchester attack would "want us all to carry on regardless and not be frightened by fear tactics", say her family.

Det Con Elaine McIver, who was 43, worked for Cheshire Police.
The off-duty officer was among 22 people killed in the explosion at Manchester Arena on Monday.
Her family, who said her partner Paul was also injured in the blast, said "she will live in our hearts forever".
A further 64 people were injured and taken to hospital following the attack.
Ms McIver's family said in a statement: "Elaine was a much-loved daughter, sister, auntie, friend and colleague, the best we could ever have wished for."
"She was everyone's friend, thoughtful beyond belief, with an effervescent and outgoing personality."
Her family said she would have been "devastated" by her partner's injuries and they all wished him a speedy recovery.
The statement continued: "Elaine just loved life, and had a major love of music.
"Despite what has happened to her, she would want us all to carry on regardless and not be frightened by fear tactics: instead she regularly urged us all to rise up against it.
"Although we will all miss her beyond belief, we absolutely know she will live in our hearts forever."
Chief Constable Simon Byrne said: "It is with a heavy heart that I have to speak about the loss of a serving officer of ours in the Manchester Arena terrorist incident and all our thoughts are with her family at this time."
He said Det Con McIver joined the Cheshire Constabulary as a special 20 years ago and became a regular officer in 1998.
She then worked in Ellesmere Port, Warrington and in the economic crime unit at headquarters in Winsford before moving to the regional organised crime unit TITAN, the north west regional organised crime unit, in 2013.
Mr Byrne said: "Friends who knew her well have described her as big hearted, bubbly and a positive person."
He said the force was supporting her family and colleagues at "this very difficult time... as we come to terms with the loss of an officer in such tragic and heart-rending circumstances."
He added: "We will not let evil win."
Cheshire police and crime commissioner David Keane said there was "great sadness" felt by her friends and colleagues at Cheshire Constabulary and her current team at TITAN.
He said: "We will be doing everything we can to support Elaine's family and our officers and staff. It is at moments like this that we must remain unified and strong."


The administrator of Prince's estate has denied reports it is planning to sell Paisley Park, the star's former home and recording studio complex.

A court filing on Friday had included the property among a list of assets that could be sold.
But the Bremer Trust issued a statement on Saturday saying it "has no plans" to offload Paisley Park.
It added that the "Purple Rain house" - which featured in the career-making film of the same name - was also safe.
Prince was found dead in an elevator inside Paisley Park in April, after an accidental overdose of painkillers.
Thousands of fans gathered outside the property in the following days to lay tributes and pay their respects.
There have been calls for the studios and soundstages to be opened to the public, in the style of Elvis's former home, Graceland.
Prince himself "was working on it being a museum," his friend and collaborator Sheila E told Entertainment Tonight earlier this year.
"He's been gathering memorabilia and stuff from all the tours, like my drums and his motorcycle," she said.
Last Friday, the Bremer Trust applied for permission to sell more than 20 properties owned by the late star, worth an estimated $28 million (Â£21.5 million).
It is not known why Paisley Park was among them - but the revenue would undoubtedly help to pay a tax bill that is thought to amount to more than $100 million (Â£77 million), due in January next year.
Meanwhile, the process of determining Prince's heirs is continuing in court.
Last month, a judge narrowed down a pool of more than 40 claimants, excluding 29 of them and ordering genetic testing on a further six, including four siblings or half-siblings - Tyka Nelson, Sharon Nelson, Norrine Nelson and John Nelson - and a possible niece and grand-niece, Brianna Nelson and Victoria Nelson.
The process has become necessary as Prince died without leaving a will and had no known offspring.
Separately, his former wife Manuela Testolini has appeared in court to argue that records from the couple's 2006 divorce should remain sealed.
A local newspaper wants the papers to be released, but Testolini's attorneys have objected, saying the records are tied to a private settlement, and the release of financial records could make her "a target".
Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram at bbcnewsents, or email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


Relegation is a possibility for Chelsea, says the Premier League champions' interim boss Guus Hiddink.

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The Blues are 14th in the top flight, six points off the bottom three, and their next two league games are at home to Everton and away to Arsenal.
"It's reality," said Hiddink, who took over from Jose Mourinho in December. "We have two difficult games coming up.
"If you don't gather points there, you don't know what the others do. The Premier League can surprise you."
Chelsea were one point above the relegation zone when Mourinho departed the club.
The Stamford Bridge side then beat Sunderland, after which Hiddink took over as manager.
"There are 12 points difference to fourth place, which is Tottenham," added the Dutchman.
"We all like to look forward and to the top of the table, but also don't be unrealistic - you're six points off the line of relegation. That's also a fact.
"We have to work hard and be very concentrated and gather our points to step up."


Elderly people would have "dignity and security" under Welsh Conservative rule, leader Andrew RT Davies has told his party conference in Llangollen.

Mr Davies outlined plans to cap the cost of residential care and allow people to keep more of their assets if they move into a care home.
His was the only party to rule out propping up another Labour government after May's assembly election, he said.
Later, David Cameron told party members that Wales could be a "powerhouse".
Describing the assembly poll as "the most important in a generation", Mr Davies made repeated references to Labour's UK leader Jeremy Corbyn, saying the party wanted to "take a trip down memory lane to the 1970s".
Mr Davies said the 2015 general election result - when the Tories won Gower and the Vale of Clwyd from Labour - showed there were enough Conservative votes in Wales to stop Labour keeping power in Cardiff Bay.
If they win the assembly election, the Tories say people will be able to keep £100,000 of their assets before paying to go into a care home.
The current limit is £24,000.
They would also cap the weekly cost of care at £400 - about £100 less than the current weekly average.
Mr Davies promised "a government that delivers dignity and security in old age".
He said the NHS was the party's top priority, accusing Labour of being "bad for your health".
Welsh Tories would increase spending on health over a five-year term, he said.
Under the Conservatives he promised: "No reorganisation, no hospital closures and never privatising our beloved NHS."
His speech promised that the Tories would use tax powers that are set to be devolved to the assembly to make Wales the UK's "low-tax capital".
However, there was no detail on how proposed tax cuts would be paid for.
His speech also did not mention the EU referendum on June 23 - Mr Davies has said he will vote to leave.
This was a far more structured speech from Andrew RT Davies than we have come to expect from a man who usually likes to veer off script.
As expected, the NHS was the dominant theme - he said it was the "single biggest challenge" facing Wales.
The pledge to cut income tax once it is devolved was described as a "game-changer" and a reason not to put Labour in charge.
Jeremy Corbyn was mentioned at least as many times as the first minister but on the whole I was expecting attacks on the UK Labour leader to play a far more central role.
What was new today was the pledge to cap residential care home fees at £400 a week and that people would be able to keep £100,000 of their assets before having to pay care home fees.
There was also a new tactical approach which was to stress that every vote counts - or that Labour was "only one seat away from losing control".
There was one glaring omission from the speech - not one mention of the EU referendum.
Mr Davies obviously wanted to use the speech as his platform to focus on devolved issues, but the failure to even talk about it once will leave him open to the "elephant in the room" accusation.


Troy Brown says his decision to move to Exeter City was influenced by the stability at the League Two club.

Brown joined City after his contract at Cheltenham Town, who were relegated from League Two in May, came to an end.
"There was a lot of chopping and changing last year. Four managers and 44 players is a lot to deal with," the centre-back told BBC Sport.
"There seems to be a definite stability here with the manager, who's been here for a number of years," he added.
Brown was a virtual ever-present in the Cheltenham side last season as they finished four points from safety and were relegated to the National League after 16 years in the Football League.
But he feels that he could be fighting at the opposite end of the League Two table with Exeter this season:
"Everyone really gets on and there's a good bond there, and that's me saying that and I'm new coming into it.
"That bodes well for the season as out on the pitch everyone will be fighting for each other.
"We've got the quality there to match so I don't see why we can't be challenging for good things."


Compensation is to be paid to 59,000 customers of Buy as You View, which rents out furniture, TVs and other electronic goods on hire purchase.

The City watchdog, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), raised concerns about the clarity of fees and the treatment of customers in arrears.
It also questioned the way customers were given payment meters to restrict access to TVs.
Dunraven Finance will pay Â£939,000 in compensation.
The company, which uses the trading name Buy as You View, will pay an average of nearly Â£16 per customer, by adjusting bills or in cash payments. It will contact customers directly.
Chief executive Graham Clarke said: "We have worked closely with the FCA in recent months to address these issues and I am sorry to any of our customers who may have experienced difficulties as a result of us not achieving the high standards we set ourselves."
Instead of the current policy of restricting access to the customer's television when payments are not received on time, the company will issue a default notice at least 14 days prior to restrictions.
It is also conducting a review of customers who may have been offered more credit than they should have been.
The vast majority of customers to receive compensation will do so as a result of fees applied to their accounts for unpaid direct debits since 2001.
Jonathan Davidson, from the FCA, said: "It is important that firms meet our standards, including carrying out proper creditworthiness assessment and making sure that those in difficulty are treated fairly.
"We will continue, when necessary, to take action against inappropriate behaviour."


Devolving air passenger duty (APD) to the Welsh government will cost the south west economy £843m, the boss of Bristol Airport has warned.

Chief executive Robert Sinclair claims if the government then abolishes the duty it will leave the airport at a "significant commercial disadvantage".
He predicted 1,500 jobs could go in the next decade if passengers and airlines opted to fly from Cardiff instead.
But, Cardiff Airport said neighbouring airports "should work together".
Mr Sinclair said he expected Chancellor George Osborne to confirm the move in next month's budget.
It was recommended by the 2012 Silk Commission, which investigated how Wales should be funded.
Mr Sinclair said this would effectively be "a taxpayer-subsidised redistribution of existing passengers from one airport to another".
"If this tax is devolved to Wales and scrapped we will be put at a significant commercial disadvantage to Cardiff Airport, which is owned by the Welsh government," he said.
APD is £13 on short-haul flights and £71 for long-haul services.
Bristol Airport - 60 miles from Cardiff Airport - is the ninth busiest in the UK with 6.8m passengers a year. But it fears passenger numbers could drop by a quarter.
A Treasury spokesman said the UK Government was considering devolving APD to Wales "in parallel to a review of options to support regional airports from the impacts".
Cardiff Airport managing director, Debra Barber, said Wales deserved a national airport to attract tourism.
"APD is a punitive tax that only serves to hinder Cardiff Airport's ability to continue on this journey of growth," she added.
The Scottish Government has pledged to cut APD by 50% from April 2018.


LCC, the Cookstown-based energy firm, has won the contracts to supply power to 10 of the 11 new super councils.

The firm is better known as a distributor of liquid fuels and coal but also has supplied electricity to business and commercial customers since 2012.
It has a 15% market share among large energy users and 10% share among medium energy users.
It also entered the commercial gas supply market in 2014.
The value of the council contracts has not been disclosed.
Shauna Forbes of LCC said the company was developing a major portfolio of customers in a very short period of time.
"It's a source of real pride among the staff and management of LCC Power, that we have gone from a standing start, just two years ago, as an electricity supplier for business customers, to becoming one of the top suppliers in Northern Ireland."
LCC is owned by the Loughran family. In 2013 the business made a profit of Â£14m on a turnover of Â£579m.


The funeral has taken place of a second County Tyrone man who died in a road crash in Omagh.

Killian Doherty was killed along with his friend, Maurice McCloughan, when two cars collided on the A5 Doogary Road on Saturday.
Both men, aged 19, were heavily involved in the GAA.
Drumquin Wolfe Tones manager Ryan McCallion said he was a "well liked" and "vital part" of Drumquin.
"The whole team is devastated, the club is devastated and the whole town is devastated," said Mr McCallion.
"Killian was a big part of Drumquin not only as a footballer but as a person."
He was buried following Mass at St Patrick's Church in Drumquin.
Maurice McCloughan was buried at St Lawrence's Church in Fintona on Tuesday.


A £20m museum dedicated to motorsport is to open at the British home of Formula 1 with nearly half the money coming from a lottery grant.

Leading names from the sport including Sir Stirling Moss and Nico Rosberg have welcomed the announcement of the museum for Silverstone.
It will display dozens of Formula 1 and other racing cars and bikes along with personal items from famous drivers.
The centre is due to open in 2019 after the £9.1m Heritage Lottery Fund grant.
Formula 1 world champion Nico Rosberg, whose father Keke achieved a record-breaking fastest qualifying lap at the Northamptonshire circuit in 1985, said: "The heritage of the sport is massively important - and it has such an incredible heritage.
"I hope one day I will be able to go to the centre and see all the stuff there."
The Silverstone Heritage Experience will be housed in the only remaining World War Two hangar on the former aerodrome site and is expected to attract about 500,000 visitors a year.
A collections and research centre encompassing an archive for the British Racing Drivers' Club and other motorsport collections will also be based there.
Sir Stirling Moss, who as an 18-year-old raced at the first British Grand Prix at Silverstone in 1948, said the museum was "important" to the sport's history.
He said: "I think for people who go up there, they'll see what it is all about. See how things started - what has been done."
The museum will offer circuit tours, while the latest technology will chart the stories of drivers and people who have had ties to the site back to medieval times.
Sally Reynolds, chief executive of Silverstone Heritage, said: "It's the very centre of global motorsport but that story isn't told anywhere and it's also important to tell the fantastic history of British motor racing."


Search efforts for three men killed in the Didcot power station collapse have resumed after the remainder of the boiler house was demolished.

A remote demolition brought down the decommissioned site at about 06:00 BST in a unique operation using remote-controlled robots.
Ken Cresswell, 57, and John Shaw, 61, and Chris Huxtable, 34, were trapped under rubble on 23 February.
The body of Michael Collings, 53, of Teesside, was recovered.
The building - which was due for demolition when it partially collapsed - had been too unstable to be approached afterwards.
RWE Npower, which owns the site, said the demolition had "gone as planned" and all of the structure was brought down.
A spokesman said: "Now the building has been brought down, an inspection has confirmed the area and debris pile are safe and our contractors have resumed the recovery operation.
"We will continue working seven days a week, 12 hours a day to help return these families' loved ones to them as soon as possible."
The firm added it understood the time it was taking to recover the bodies had been "deeply upsetting" for their families.
BBC News correspondent Amanda Dellor, who was at the scene, said the charges went off one minute after six and the building came down "very quickly", covering the entire site in a dust cloud.
Families of the missing men watched from within the boundary of the power station.
The search was halted in May when contractors reached a 50m (164ft) exclusion zone, beyond which it was considered too dangerous to continue.
The families of the three men yet to be recovered had opposed plans to use explosives for the demolition.
Ken Cresswell and John Shaw were both from Rotherham, while Chris Huxtable was from Swansea.
Steve Hall, son-in-law of Mr Cresswell, previously said: "We want the men back in one piece, not many pieces."
A small crowd gathered to watch the controlled demolition from Ladygrove Mound, around a mile from Didcot Power Station.
Just after 06:00 BST one large bang was heard, followed by several smaller ones, and the building came down in a matter of seconds. A blanket of dark grey dust covered the entire site and the famous cooling towers were hidden for several minutes.
Last night, I spoke to one family member who told me that they just wanted everything to go to plan today and they would quickly get to the men.
They just want the men returned back to their families and back home.
Roland Alford, the explosives contractor at the power station, said the four-month delay in completing the demolition was necessary on safety grounds.
He added: "It was almost unthinkable to send people to work underneath there and place charges, given the fact the building could come down at any moment - you legally can't justify that."
Residents took to social media to report the size of the explosion and to send their wishes to the men's families.
Victoria Martin tweeted: "Sobering hearing the rest of the boiler house at #Didcot come down this morning. Thoughts are with the families of the men still there.
Morts Lindholm said: "So, the boiler house at #didcot power plant was just demolished - what a bang! Now, let's recover the remains of the 3 missing bodies #rip."
Leanne Avis also tweeted: "Goodness me, what a bang! #Prayfor Christopher Huxtable, Ken Cresswell and John Shaw, find them and bring peace to their loved ones #Didcot."
Coal-fired Didcot A Power Station was turned off in 2013, after 43 years in service.
It included six cooling towers, measuring 375ft (114m) in height, of which three were demolished in the early hours of 27 July 2014.
A gas-burning power station - known as Didcot B - opened in 1997 on the site and continues to operate.
A major fire was declared at Didcot B in October 2014, with 20 fire crews sent to tackle the blaze at its peak. The cause was later confirmed as an electrical fault.
Further demolition work took place at Didcot A, until a major incident was declared on 23 February when part of a the boiler house collapsed, killing four demolition workers.


A hacking group calling itself Anonymous Indonesia claims to have attacked over 170 Australian sites, following reports of Australian spying.

The sites affected seemed to belong primarily to small businesses.
On Friday, Indonesia summoned Australia's ambassador amid reports that its Jakarta embassy was used as part of a US-led spying network.
The reports were based on a US National Security Agency document leaked by whistleblower Edward Snowden.
The allegations caused anger in Indonesia, which is a key ally and trading partner of Australia.
The Australian government has declined to comment on the reports, saying it does not comment on intelligence matters.
Indonesian Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa told reporters on Monday: "Enough is enough".
"While [the US and Australia] are not able to confirm or deny past activities, at least they should be able, and I'm making a public expectation here, I think they should be able to say henceforth they are not going to do it anymore," he said.
"In the absence of assurances that such [spying] activities never took place, then of course we must assume that such activities are taking place, and draw our own conclusion in terms of their view of Indonesia as a partner," he added.
Anonymous Indonesia posted a list on Twitter of more than 100 Australian websites it said it had hacked. Sites affected including a bouncy castle company and a dry cleaner.
Affected websites were replaced with the message: "Stop spying on Indonesia", and an image of a Guy Fawkes silhouette on the Indonesia and Australian flags.
Members of the online group wear Guy Fawkes masks when demonstrating in public or in online videos.
The spying allegations were originally published by German newspaper Der Spiegel. The newspaper described a signals intelligence programme called Stateroom which intercepted radio, telecommunications and internet traffic using equipment in US, British, Australian and Canadian diplomatic missions.
Diplomatic posts involved included those in Jakarta, Bangkok, Hanoi, Beijing and Kuala Lumpur, amongst others, the Sydney Morning Herald reported late last week.
The reports are the latest in a series of documents leaked by ex-US intelligence contractor Edward Snowden, who has been granted temporary asylum in Russia and is wanted in the US in connection with the unauthorised disclosures.
The US is facing growing anger over reports it spied on its allies abroad.
However, correspondents say that in reality most governments conduct surveillance or espionage operations against other countries whose activities matter to them.


Britain's Kyle Edmund is through to the quarter-finals of the Winston-Salem Open after a straight sets win over Hungary's Marton Fucsovics.

British number two Edmund, 22, beat world number 122 Fucsovics 6-2 6-1 in North Carolina.
Edmund, 45th in the rankings, will play world number 46 Steve Johnson in the next round.
Meanwhile, Britain's Laura Robson lost 6-2 6-4 to Russian Alla Kudryavtseva in the first round of US Open qualifying.
There was better news for fellow Britons Naomi Broady and Katie Boulter who are through to the second round and are two wins away from the main draw.
Broady beat Switzerland's Jil Teichmann 6-2 4-6 6-1 while Boulter beat American Danielle Collins 6-4 6-0.


Labour leadership hopefuls Liz Kendall and Yvette Cooper have said their supporters should back anyone other than Jeremy Corbyn in the contest.

Ms Kendall told the BBC Labour risked sending a "resignation letter to the British people as a serious party of government" by electing Mr Corbyn.
Separately, Ms Cooper warned there was a "serious risk the party will split" if the left-winger becomes its leader.
It comes as Labour begins sending out the first ballot papers to voters.
The result of the contest will be announced at a special conference on 12 September.
More than 600,000 people have signed up to vote in the four-way contest but Labour has said applications are still being verified.
610,753
total electorate, though this may fall as party removes those not entitled to vote
Of which, full party members:  299,755
Affiliated to a trade union:  189,703
Registered to vote by paying Â£3:  121,295
Meanwhile voting in the election for the new Scottish Labour leader ended at midday.
Mr Corbyn is due to unveil a 10-point policy plan while in Glasgow later.
The popularity of the left-wing Islington North MP, who is promising "a new kind of politics", has sparked a row about the future direction of the Labour party.
Another leadership contender, Andy Burnham, told the BBC Mr Corbyn's policies "lack credibility".
"It's not possible to promise free university education, re-nationalising the utilities, without that coming at a great cost and if you can't explain how that is going to be paid for then I don't think we'll win back the trust of voters on the economy," he said.
BBC political correspondent Ross Hawkins said there had been "frustration" in rival camps who accused Mr Burnham of being reluctant to take on Mr Corbyn. This appeared to be his most direct attack yet, he added.
But in an interview with Jeremy Vine on BBC Radio 2, Mr Burnham declined to follow Ms Kendall and Ms Cooper and advise his supporters not to back Mr Corbyn with their second and third preferences.
He added: "People will say if they hear things like that, 'hang on, what do you believe?'"
In an interview with The Independent, Ms Kendall called for voters to mark Ms Cooper or Mr Burnham as second and third preferences, and avoid giving votes to Mr Corbyn.
"I have set out very clearly where I differ with all the candidates but our differences with Jeremy's kind of politics are far greater," said Ms Kendall.
Speaking on BBC Radio 4's Today programme she said she "can't pretend to be agnostic" about a victory for Mr Corbyn, saying of the voting process: "It is an alternative vote system and I want to urge party members to use all of their different preferences.
"I will be using my second and third preferences and I would urge others to do the same because I don't want to see our party go back to the politics of the '80s, just being a party of protest."
The Leicester West MP also said she did not see the party splitting, as it did in the 1980s when Labour members formed the Social Democratic Party.
However, Ms Cooper told BBC 2's Newsnight: "I think there is a serious risk that the party will split, will polarise and I cannot bear to see that happen because there is too much at stake."
Asked in an interview with grassroots Labour website Labourlist whether voters should use their votes to try to prevent Mr Corbyn winning, she said: "I think people should use all of their preferences.
"And I think the focus has to be how do we make sure we can win that election, and that's the most important thing - and I don't think Jeremy can do that."
Mr Corbyn has warned against "personal abuse" in the campaign, saying he wants to focus on policy.
His policy programme includes a commitment to "growth not austerity", nationalising the railways and energy sector, and a plan for nuclear disarmament.
In an essay for the Fabian Society he also suggested Labour's new increased following should be more involved in the party and proposed a review of membership fees to make the party more "inclusive".
Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown is expected to join the debate over the leadership contest with a speech on Sunday, called "power for a purpose - the future of the Labour Party".
Lance Price, former director of communications for Labour, told the BBC the contest had been an "unedifying mess" and had "done nothing to reengage the labour party with those millions of people who deserted it".
The Guardian newspaper has endorsed Ms Cooper for the leadership while the Daily Mirror has given its backing to Mr Burnham, although the paper urged him to "find a role" in his team for Mr Corbyn, who it says has "lit up the election campaign".


President Donald Trump has banned the entry of Syrian refugees into the US until further notice, as part of new measures to "keep radical Islamic terrorists out of the US".

He signed a wide-ranging executive order, which also saw all refugee admissions suspended for four months.
Entry of visitors from six mainly Muslim countries to the US has also been halted for three months.
Human rights groups and high profile figures have condemned the move.
Mr Trump signed the executive order at the Pentagon after a ceremony to swear in Gen James Mattis as defence secretary.
During the ceremony, he said:  "I'm establishing new vetting measures to keep radical Islamic terrorists out of the United States of America. We only want to admit those into our country who will support our country and love deeply our people."
The text of the order was released several hours after it was signed. Among the measures are:
However, a mention of creating "safe zones" within Syria, seen in an earlier draft, was removed from the final order.
The order also said all immigration programmes should include questions to "evaluate the applicant's likelihood of becoming a positively contributing member of society."
In a TV interview broadcast earlier on Friday, the president said Christians would be given priority among Syrians who apply for refugee status in the future.
Other measures include a broad review of the information required from all countries to approve a visa; a review of visa schemes between nations to ensure they are "truly reciprocal" for US citizens; and the immediate suspension of the Visa Interview Waiver Programme.
But the document says exceptions to most restrictions could be made on a case-by-case basis.
President Trump also signed an executive order aimed at rebuilding the military by "developing a plan for new planes, new ships, new resources and new tools for our men and women in uniform".
Last year, the administration of then-President Barack Obama admitted 10,000 Syrian refugees into the US. Neighbouring Canada - whose population is a ninth of that of the US - took in 35,000.
During the presidential campaign, Mr Trump suggested a "total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on".
But he has made no mention of this since being elected last November.
The signing of the executive order has been met with criticism from rights organisations, Democrats and notable figures.
Democratic Senator Kamala Harris wrote that the order had been signed on Holocaust Memorial Day. "Make no mistake â€” this is a Muslim ban," she wrote.
"During the Holocaust, we failed to let refugees like Anne Frank into our country. We can't let history repeat itself," she said.
And New York's mayor, Bill de Blasio, said he was profoundly "profoundly saddened" and the president had sent "a shamefully different message" than the country's founding beliefs.
Malala Yousafzai, the teenage Nobel Peace Laureate who was once shot by the Taliban following her advocacy for women's education in Pakistan, wrote that she was "heartbroken".
"America is turning its back on a proud history of welcoming refugees and immigrants - the people who helped build your country, ready to work hard in exchange for a fair chance at a new life," she added.
Facebook founder Mark Zuckerburg also posted a lengthy note to his own profile on the site, saying he was "concerned" about the president's executive orders, and noting that he, like many Americans, is the descendant of immigrants.
The head of American Civil Liberties Union condemned the use of the words "extreme vetting", saying it was a "euphemism for discriminating against Muslims".
"Identifying specific countries with Muslim majorities and carving out exceptions for minority religions flies in the face of the constitutional principle that bans the government from either favouring or discriminating against particular religions," Anthony Romero said in a statement.
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More than 1.8 million penalty charge notices have been issued to drivers failing to pay the new cashless payment system on the Dartford crossing.

The free-flow Dart Charge replaced toll booths on the Kent side a year ago.
Figures showed that out of nearly 42 million chargeable journeys, UK drivers had about 1.5 million penalty notices and foreign drivers more than 340,000.
The AA said the system still had faults, but Highways England said there was still more work to do.
Edmund King, from the AA motoring organisation, said: "We still think it could be even better if they scrap the tolls altogether.
"You get some other drivers who hesitate around the crossing because they're a little unsure about how they pay, when they should pay, what hours apply, and even the signs aren't clear."
The Freedom of Information request submitted by the BBC showed that 41,367,973 chargeable journeys were recorded, 1,519,162 penalty charge notices were issued to UK drivers and 340,861 to overseas drivers.
Under the Dart Charge, the penalty fine is Â£70, which is reduced to Â£35 if paid within 14 days, but increased to Â£105 if a driver does not pay.
Dart Charge project director Nigel Gray said the scheme had successfully sped up journeys, with peak-time return trips now 15 minutes shorter, and hundreds of thousands of drivers had also benefitted from discounts of up to a third.
He said more work had to be done on improving traffic flow on the Kent side, but the Dart Charge was a medium-term solution to congestion at Dartford, while the long-term answer was a third Lower Thames Crossing.
He said: "Figures show that the vast majority of people are paying their Dart Charge on time and non-payment is being followed up appropriately.
"The first penalty issued for any vehicle includes an offer to pay any outstanding crossing charges within 14 days and have the penalty or penalties cancelled. This approach has been very successful and we have no plans to end it."


Wherever you go in Sanaa these days, you do not get far without being stopped and searched by groups of armed men.

Some are traditionally dressed, with long gowns, sandals and daggers; others are in military uniform.
For a non-Yemeni it is hard to differentiate these militiamen from regular soldiers.
They belong to the Houthis, a group of Shia rebels from northern Yemen, who overran the capital last September.
Last month the rebels took over key government buildings, including the presidential palace and the parliament, and put the president under house arrest.
The Houthis have long complained of being persecuted and marginalised, but now they are in full control of the city, and have set up checkpoints everywhere.
The group, which formed in 1992, was named after its founder Hussein al-Houthi, though it recently started calling itself Ansar Allah, or God's Supporters. They no longer like being called Houthis.
"We are the people, we are the revolution," a militant tells me at a demonstration in support of the Houthis.
The Houthis do not only brag about their military strength but also their huge number of followers.
When they called on various factions to meet to discuss the current political crisis last week, thousands came together for what was more like a popular conference, held in a huge stadium.
There was excitement and joy among the audience, they cheered and chanted slogans.
They called for Yemeni unity but many other political forces do not trust them.
They say the Houthis want to put facts on the ground and impose their own solution to the power vacuum which has existed since the president, prime minister and cabinet resigned last month.
"It feels more stable under the Houthis, the outgoing government was very weak. But we are worried about the future," said Ahmed, a merchant of copper handicrafts in the old city of Sanaa, once a sightseeing area.
"We can't live in this stagnation and uncertainty forever," he added, looking out for customers.
The priority for many Yemenis is more about their everyday life, rather than who comes to power.
More than half the population of 24 million live in poverty. They have no access to basic needs.
In Sanaa, residents have only two or three hours of electricity a day. Many cannot afford to buy generators. Women wash dishes and clothes in the street.
With no water at home, housewives bring their children everyday to some of the public basins, which abound in poor neighbourhoods, to do the laundry and clean their kitchenware.
"I wish I can have my bike back. My dad sold it for $50 (45 euros). He needed the money," nine-year-old Ali told me, as he waited for his mother to finish washing dishes in a yard, at the back of an old mosque.
The constant refrain I got from many people, regardless of their level of education or social status, was how life was hard and getting worse.
While political negotiations continue behind closed doors, in the streets armed men and concerned civilians both anxiously wait.


With more than 1,300 reported deaths from Ebola in West Africa, the virus continues to be an urgent health crisis, but it is also having a devastating impact on the economies of Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.

"The economy has been deflated by 30% because of Ebola," Sierra Leone's Agriculture Minister Joseph Sam Sesay told the BBC.
He said President Ernest Bai Koroma revealed this staggering and depressing news to ministers at a special cabinet meeting. "The agricultural sector is the most impacted in terms of Ebola because the majority of the people of Sierra Leone - about 66% - are farmers," he said.
Twelve out of 13 districts in Sierra Leone are now affected by Ebola, although the epicentres are in the Eastern Province near the borders with Liberia and Guinea.
Road blocks manned by police and military are preventing the movement of farmers and labourers as well as the supply of goods.
"We are definitely expecting a devastating effect not only on labour availability and capacity but we are also talking about farms being abandoned by people running away from the epicentres and going to areas that don't have the disease," Mr Sesay added.
However, the chief co-ordinator for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), David McLachlan-Karr, thinks that the road blocks are absolutely crucial to containing the outbreak.
"A robust response to quarantining epicentres of the disease is absolutely necessary," he told the BBC. But he admits agriculture in Sierra Leone has been brought to its knees.
"We are now coming into the planting season which means a lot of agriculture is not happening, so down the line that will create food shortages and pressures on food prices. We are starting to see a rise in inflation and pressure on the national currency as well as a shortage of foreign exchange," he said.
The UNDP has appealed for $18m (Â£11m) to bolster Sierra Leone's health system while the World Food Programme says the total cost of its emergency operations in Sierra Leone, Guinea and Liberia is $70m.
In Guinea and Liberia the economic predictions may be less catastrophic but they are still worrying.  The World Bank said it was expecting GDP growth in Guinea to fall from 4.5% to 3.5%.
The Liberian economy had been expected to grow by 5.9% this year but the country's Finance Minister, Amara Konneh, said this was no longer realistic due to a slowdown in the transport and services sectors and the departure of foreign workers because of Ebola.
The world's largest steelmaker ArcelorMittal has seen work disrupted on its iron ore mine expansion project in Yekepa in Liberia, after contractors declared "force majeure" and moved people out of the country.
Simandou, in the forests of eastern Guinea, is Africa's largest iron ore mine and infrastructure project. Vale, the world's biggest iron ore producer, was involved in Simandou until April. It evacuated six international members of staff and put the rest of the workforce in the area on leave.
Rio Tinto, the world's third largest mining company, which owns a share in Simandou, has donated $100,000 to the World Health Organization's work in the area and is also making sanitation equipment available to local people there.
A smaller British company, London Mining, has moved out some its non-essential expatriate staff from Sierra Leone, where mining has accounted for much of the country's recent growth. According to the International Monetary Fund, Sierra Leone's output grew by 20% last year; excluding iron ore mining, it grew by 5.5%.
But like Rio Tinto, London Mining has also donated money towards tackling the spread of Ebola, and educating local communities about the virus.
In Sierra Leone, commercial banks have reduced their hours of business by two hours to reduce contact with clients and the country's tourism industry has taken a severe knock - some hotels are empty and are laying off staff.
The closure of borders in West Africa and the suspension of flights are also having a detrimental effect on trade, severely limiting the ability of countries to export and import goods.
Recent examples are the closure of Cameroon's lengthy border with Nigeria and the announcement by Kenya Airways that it is suspending flights to and from Sierra Leone and Liberia.
All three West African nations are already poor countries, but the Ebola outbreak could make them even poorer. Sierra Leone and Liberia have both emerged from horrific civil wars and managed to rebuild their economies.
Liberia has been trying to revive its mining sector which before the civil war accounted for more than half its export earnings. But now there are fears that all the good work that has been achieved since those conflicts could be destroyed. There are also concerns that widespread poverty could force people to resort to criminality.
Meanwhile some international investors are nervously watching the Ebola outbreak unfold. Dianna Games, chief executive of Johannesburg-based consultants Africa@Work, says fears about the virus could damage Africa's economic revival of recent years.
"Ebola has made a dent in the Africa Rising narrative," she told the BBC. "The stereotypes of Africa as a place of poverty and disease have started to re-emerge again."
She thinks Nigeria is the only affected country that has the health system and infrastructure to deal with Ebola. At the moment there have only been 12 confirmed cases, all of which were linked to the death of one man from Liberia in July.
In the long run, Ms Games believes history will view the 2014 Ebola outbreak as a temporary blip rather than a permanent U-turn in the continent's fortunes.
"The fundamentals pushing this Africa Renaissance are still there," she said.


The communications systems of missing Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 were deliberately disabled, Malaysia's Prime Minister Najib Razak has said.

According to satellite and radar evidence, he said, the plane then changed course and could have continued flying for a further seven hours.
He said the "movements are consistent with the deliberate action of someone on the plane".
The plane disappeared a week ago with 239 people on board.
Mr Razak stopped short of saying it was a hijacking, saying only that they were investigating "all possibilities".
By Frank GardnerBBC security correspondent
The hijacking theory, previously largely discounted, has now climbed back up the list of possible explanations for flight MH370's disappearance. The aircraft's communications systems were deliberately switched off in mid-air, so either the flight crew did this willingly, or they were forced by someone else to do so.
This has refocused attention on the individuals on that flight, both passengers and crew. Investigators will want to know if any had a recent history of mental problems, family difficulties or extreme stress. Only four weeks ago an Ethiopian Airlines co-pilot hijacked his own plane to seek political asylum in Switzerland. The pilot of this Malaysian plane had a commendable record but the authorities have still raided his home.
When it comes to terrorism, there are no obvious suspects. The region's Jemaah Islamiah, once a powerful transnational terrorist group, is not thought to have the capability to carry out such a plan. Likewise there are doubts Chinese separatists could be behind it. There have also been no claims by any known group, though this does not rule out a possible criminal motive.
He said the plane could be anywhere from Kazakhstan to the Indian Ocean.
The developments have added further uncertainty to the relatives of the 239 people on board the Kuala Lumpur to Beijing flight.
Some in the Chinese capital said the news had made them more hopeful that their loved ones are alive, but one woman said they were on an emotional rollercoaster and she felt "helpless and frustrated".
The flight left Kuala Lumpur for Beijing at 00:40 local time (16:40 GMT) on 8 March and disappeared off air traffic controllers' screens at about 01:20.
Mr Razak told a news conference that new satellite evidence shows "with a high degree of certainty" that the one of the aircraft's communications systems -  the Aircraft and Communications Addressing and Reporting System - was disabled just before it had reached the east coast of Malaysia.
ACARS is a service that allows computers aboard the plane to "talk" to computers on the ground, relaying in-flight information about the health of its systems.
Shortly afterwards, near the cross-over point between Malaysian and Vietnamese air traffic controllers, the plane's transponder - which emits an identifying signal - was switched off, he said.
According to a military radar, the aircraft then turned and flew back over Malaysia before heading in a north-west direction.
A satellite was able to pick up a signal from the plane until 08:11 local time - more than seven hours after it lost radar contact - although it was unable to give a precise location, Mr Razak said.
He went on to say that based on this new data, investigators "have determined the plane's last communication with a satellite was in one of two possible corridors":
How do you track a plane?
The BBC's Jonah Fisher in Kuala Lumpur says investigators will now focus on trying to obtain the radar data from any of the countries the Boeing 777 may have passed over.
This could include Thailand, Myanmar, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India and Pakistan.
Mr Razak said that in light of the new evidence, the investigation had "entered a new phase" and would focus on the crew and passengers on board.
Shortly after the news conference finished, Malaysian police searched the Kuala Lumpur home of the plane's pilot, 53-year-old Zaharie Ahmad Shah.
Malaysia's prime minister confirmed much of what had been leaked to the media, from US agencies and satellite companies, in the last 48 hours.
His government had been facing severe criticism for not being more open about what it knows.
China - which had 153 citizens on board the flight - has urged Malaysia to continue providing it with "thorough and exact information" on the search, state news agency Xinhua said.
The foreign ministry said it was sending technical specialists to participate in the investigation, and appealed for the help of other countries and organisations.
Along with the Chinese passengers, there were 38 Malaysians and citizens of Iran, the US, Canada, Indonesia, Australia, India, France, New Zealand, Ukraine, Russia, Taiwan and the Netherlands on board.
An extensive search of the seas around Malaysia - involving 14 countries, 43 ships and 58 aircraft - since the plane disappeared had proved fruitless.


Last month, the plight of a 14-year-old rape survivor seeking to terminate her pregnancy renewed the debate surrounding India's abortion laws.

The girl, whose case was being considered by the Supreme Court, was 24 weeks pregnant.
Current laws allow abortion only at up to 20 weeks of pregnancy.
The 44-year-old law allows abortion for women not as a right but only if doctors are of the opinion, taken in "good faith", continuing the pregnancy involves substantial risks for the physical and mental health of the mother or of foetal abnormalities developing.
Two qualified doctors must agree for an abortion at between 12 and 20 weeks of pregnancy.
And a woman can have an abortion after 20 weeks only if her life is at immediate risk.
The issue came to the fore in 2008, when a Mumbai couple, Niketa and Haresh Mehta, asked the Bombay High Court to allow them to abort their 26-week-old foetus, which had been diagnosed with a heart defect.
It rejected the plea, and Mrs Mehta suffered a miscarriage a few weeks later.
The Mehtas' doctor, Nikhil Datar, then filed a petition in the Supreme Court, seeking reconsideration of the 20-weeks limit.
This petition was joined by two other women whose foetuses had been discovered to have abnormalities.
Countries such as the UK and Spain allow abortion after 20 weeks, if certain criteria are met.
"Many women come for ultrasound check-ups for anomalies late, which is common in our society that has a large rural or poor population," says Dr Datar, a practicing gynaecologist and obstetrician in Mumbai.
"In many cases foetal abnormalities can only be detected or confirmed after 20 weeks, after which doors of legal abortion are closed to the woman."
Following these petitions, in 2014, India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare prepared a draft amendment to the law, which provided for abortion at up to 24 weeks.
Significantly, it also allowed a woman to seek and undergo abortion "on request" in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
As researcher Shweta Krishnan wrote, the draft bill recognised a woman's right to self-determination and autonomy and represented a shift in the focus of the law from the healthcare provider to the woman undergoing abortion.
In another change, the earlier act allowed for abortion, at up to 20 weeks, in case of failure of contraception on the part of the "married woman or husband" for the purpose of "limiting" the family - but the draft bill omitted the word "married", recognising the reality of pregnancy outside marriage among young women or widows.
It also mandated maintaining the patient's confidentiality.
"Women may take time for various reasons," said Vinoj Manning, executive director, Ipas India, a non-profit organisation that advocates for women's rights in this area.
"Some are raped at home and are too scared to talk about it.
"If the amendment takes place, the vulnerable women, including survivors of rape, can benefit, and not go through the trauma of going to courts.
Many women in such situations would rather have an illegal abortion after 20 weeks, entailing a serious risk to their life, than have the child.
The provision in the draft bill that caused a stir in the medical community was that it allowed practitioners of alternative medicine, as well as nurses or midwives, to conduct abortions.
The Indian Medical Association opposed this provision, arguing such practitioners would not be able to handle emergencies or complications that might arise during abortion procedures.
The World Health Organization has said involving health workers can help reduce the number of deaths arising out of unsafe abortions, which it estimates account for 9% of all maternal deaths in India.
"Like allopathic [mainstream] doctors undergo training and certification for abortion, similarly non-allopaths and nurses and midwives can undergo training and certification to conduct first-trimester [at up to 12 weeks] abortions," said Ravi Duggal, author of the Abortion Assessment Project.
Other opposition to the draft bill comes from activists against sex-selective abortions.
The 2011 census showed the child sex ratio had dropped to 914 girls to 1,000 boys from 927 girls to 1,000 boys in 2001.
Activists believe there would be significantly more sex-selective abortions if the amendment comes into force.
Dr Neelam Singh, who runs Vatsalya, a non-profit group based in Lucknow, suggests in pregnancies over 20 weeks, a district or state-level committee or board of experts should decide on abortion based on the merits of each case.
But other doctors say such committees would only increase bureaucracy and trauma for the vulnerable woman.
In the case of the 14-year-old rape survivor, the Supreme Court issued a "flexible" order, deciding if a team of doctors and psychologists were of the view an abortion would save "her life", including her mental wellbeing, the procedure could go ahead.
The 2014 amendment may help strike the balance between safe abortion and acknowledging the vulnerability of a pregnant woman.
Menaka Rao is a Mumbai-based freelance journalist.


Wild lynx, extinct in Britain for more than 1,300 years, could be released on to privately-owned estates in the UK.

The Lynx UK Trust is launching a consultation to sample the public's reaction to bring the big cats to Norfolk, Cumbria and Aberdeenshire.
Dr Paul O'Donoghue, from the trust, said he would visit a site next week to begin working with interested parties.
But the National Farmers' Union (NFU) is concerned about the impact the move would have on forest ecosystems.
The scheme would see four to six lynx, wearing radio tracking devices at each site, each of which are rich in deer and tree cover.
One site would be at Grumack Forest in Aberdeenshire.
The other two remain undisclosed but the BBC believes one is close to Thetford Forest, on the border of Suffolk and Norfolk, while the other is in Ennerdale, in the Lake District.
Once the Lynx UK Trust's consultation is completed, it will lodge a formal application with Natural England and Scottish Natural Heritage.
Dr O'Donoghue said the story had generated great interest: "We're delighted by the overwhelmingly positive response.
"It will be done in a very controlled, scientific way and we would be sure that everyone's concerns and voices would be taken into account."
Andrew Clark, director of policy for the NFU, said: "The NFU would be concerned at the reintroduction of Lynx due to the cost involved and high risk of failure.
"With limited funding available, budgets are better focussed on retaining and developing existing biodiversity."
Peter Watson, of the Deer Initiative, a group formed to find humane ways of controlling deer, called for a feasibility study for the experimental reintroduction.
"We want to protect our native biodiversity and also reduce the number of vehicle collisions there are with deer," he said.
"We can see no reason relating to deer management not to accept or support a feasibility study into the reintroduction in suitable habitat and prey locations."


A horse is in a "stable" condition after getting all four legs stuck over the edge of a footbridge.

The animal is thought to have been walking across the narrow bridge when she fell.
The RSPCA harnessed the help of a vet and a team of firefighters to carry out the rescue mission in Alfreton, Derbyshire, on Tuesday.
The charity said: "The horse is stable and was not seriously injured during the ordeal."
Three of the horse's legs were stuck on one side of the bridge and the other on the opposite side.
RSPCA inspector Simon Parker, who went to help, said she had been "in quite a pickle" but "had a lucky escape."
The horse was not microchipped and the RSPCA has urged the owner to come forward.


Liverpool defender Mamadou Sakho has turned down moves to West Brom and Stoke City after being told he can leave on loan.

The 26-year-old France defender is free to resume his career after a doping case against him was dismissed by Uefa.
Sakho also was sent home from the club's pre-season tour of the USA following allegations of indiscipline.
He has been told that he is not currently part of Liverpool's first-team plans by manager Jurgen Klopp.
Liverpool are hopeful Sakho will find a club before Wednesday's transfer deadline as it has been made clear he will have to move to get games.
The club have also agreed to sell forward Luis Alberto to Lazio, while defender Andre Wisdom is set to move to FC Red Bull Salzburg on a season-long loan.
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Britain's wealthiest Lottery winners are among the donors who have helped secure a rehearsal base for the National Theatre of Scotland (NTS).

Chris and Colin Weir donated £1m to the arts company after it appealed for funds to transform a former Glasgow warehouse into a purpose-built HQ.
The contribution from the Ayrshire couple was described by the company as a "major gift".
The pair won a EuroMillions jackpot of £161m in 2011.
NTS thanked the couple and other benefactors as staff moved into the completed Rockvilla complex at Speirs Wharf, on the banks of the Forth and Clyde Canal.
Mr and Mrs Weir said: "It's a great pleasure for us to support this next exciting chapter of the National Theatre of Scotland.
"As well as becoming a beacon that will attract some of the world's finest artists to come and make work here in Scotland, we are excited about the possibilities that Rockvilla will create for our young people and communities to engage in life-changing arts activity and to nurture theatre-making talent for generations to come."
The public campaign was launched in October 2015 and secured further contributions of more than £3m from the Scottish government, Glasgow City Council and the Vacant and Derelict Land Fund against the total £6.5m project costs.
It enabled the NTS to fill the remaining funding gap and reduce the need for borrowing on the new facility. The theatre has currently raised £5.1m towards the project costs.
The building will be officially opened early next year as fundraising continues.
A spokeswoman for the NTS said: "The National Theatre of Scotland is delighted to be part of an emerging cultural hub in this area of Glasgow.
"Other cultural tenants include Scottish Opera, the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland, Glasgow Sculpture Studios, The Glue Factory and the Whisky Bond."


The first days in office are challenging for any new government and this will certainly be a busy week for UK Prime Minister David Cameron - who, amongst other things, says he has already rolled up his sleeves to change the UK's relationship with Europe.

The first "fight" with Brussels already loomed large on Monday in the British papers.
The front-page lead story in The Times reported that "Brussels forces Britain to accept Med migrants".
Migration is clearly a huge story, and a controversial one for the UK and Europe.
It has been for years, with an economic downturn and anti-immigrant political parties on the rise on the one hand, while at the same time television screens bring the horrors of a humanitarian crisis on our shores straight into our living rooms as we watch desperate people from the Middle East and Africa arriving, some dying, in their boatloads.
The European Commission, under new President Jean-Claude Juncker, says something decisive must be done.
He and his migration commissioner will on Wednesday unveil a migration strategy for the EU. Some parts are extremely controversial.
Included are two proposals strongly opposed by the UK, which says the migration crisis must be tackled by other means:
Now, the Cameron government wants to curb migration to the UK by EU citizens as part of his new deal with Brussels. So he certainly will not agree to increase the number of non-EU migrants to the UK.
And, as he has promised the UK to have "less Brussels" in daily life, he will oppose any migration quotas "imposed" by Brussels.
So actually this migration headline is less of a challenge and more of a gift for the new Cameron government.
It will be a chance to publicly bare its teeth at Brussels - the Home Office has put out a strongly worded statement about opposing Commission proposals to introduce non-voluntary migrant quotas - and to show some muscle-flexing to Eurosceptics, including in the Tory party itself, ahead of EU-UK renegotiations starting in earnest.
In fact, the Commission proposals are not new. They have been rejected in the past by UK Home Secretary Theresa May and quite a number of her European counterparts.
The Netherlands and Denmark will hear none of it.
France is nervous about the idea, with the anti-immigration National Front doing so well in the polls, and countries in Eastern and Central Europe, which house very few asylum seekers, do not want to start opening their doors now.
Estonia and Slovakia have already said "no" outright. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban described the migration quota plan as "mad" in a radio interview.
The migration strategy will be debated at a summit of EU leaders in Brussels next month and you can expect a heated argument.
It is not just the European Commission pushing the quota proposal.
In 2014:
In 2015 (1 Jan- 27 April):
source: UNHCR
Powerful Germany backs the plan - loudly - as the country that receives the lion share of asylum application in Europe- 200,000 last year alone. Berlin fears that number could double in 2015.
The Mediterranean frontline states of Greece, Italy and Malta are also in favour of refugee-sharing, for obvious reasons.
When it comes to home affairs issues like asylum, the UK has a so-called opt-in clause, which allows it to decide whether or not to adopt EU legislation.
So, whatever is eventually agreed on migration at EU level, it is hard to see how quotas could be forced on the UK.


Five fabulous players are in the running for this year's BBC Women's Footballer of the Year.

29 May 2017 Last updated at 06:37 BST
Fans from across the world have been voting for their favourite since the shortlist was revealed in April.
In the running are Melanie Behringer, Ada Hegerberg, Hedvig Lindahl, Marta and Christine Sinclair.
The results will be announced in the evening of Tuesday, 30 May.
Whitney takes a look at the players' profiles...


As teachers express concerns about the way in which new GCSEs in England are being graded from 9-1 rather than A*-G, we answer some key questions about the changes.

The new grades are being phased in, starting with some of this summer's exams.
New-style GCSEs in English language, English literature and maths will be taken by the current Year 11 students - these exams will be graded in the new way, with nine as the highest mark and one the lowest.
A four is broadly being compared to a C grade, although the exams watchdog, Ofqual, warns against "direct comparisons and overly simplistic descriptions".
For most other subjects - including biology, chemistry, physics, computer science, French, Spanish, religious education, geography, music and history - the new grades will be awarded from the summer of 2018.
A third wave of 9-1 graded GCSEs - including psychology, ancient history, business, information and communications technology (ICT) and media studies - will be taught from September 2017 with exams in 2019.
Yes, that's right. The current Year 11s will get English and maths results under the new numerical grading scheme and the rest of their options will be graded A*-G.
The current Year 10 students will then sit most of their GCSEs under the new system, but they might have some under the old system, for example if they are taking ancient history or ICT, while those pupils now in Year 9 will be fully "moved over" on to the numerical grading system.
Grades nine, eight and seven are broadly equivalent to an A* and A. Grades six, five and four are in line with B and C grades. A three would be broadly similar to a D grade, with two and one taking in grades E, F and G.
There is still a U (ungraded) mark.
Education Secretary Justine Greening says a grade four will be seen as a "standard pass" and a grade five as a "strong pass".
She also says that for school performance tables, the government will publish "standard passes" (grade four and above) but also the "strong passes" (at grade five and above).
Watchdog Ofqual says that, broadly, the same proportion of teenagers will get a grade four and above as currently get a grade C or above.
It also says a formula will be used which will mean that about 20% of all grades at seven or above will be awarded a grade nine.
Chief regulator Sally Collier says students who get a nine will have "performed exceptionally".
It certainly feels like this and students in the next two year groups are guinea pigs for the new grading system.
However, Ofqual insists these students will not be disadvantaged.
It says that in 2016, in English and in maths, about 70% of 16-year-old students achieved a grade C or above and so it would expect a similar percentage to achieve a four and above in this summer's exams.
Ofqual also says exam boards will use test results from national curriculum tests (Sats) taken at the end of primary school to predict the likely achievement at the new grades of one, four and seven.
The new GCSE grading scheme is part and parcel of a new curriculum which was introduced in England's schools in 2014 by the then Education Secretary Michael Gove.
The new GCSEs courses include much less coursework than before, with grades in almost all subjects depending on exams.
Courses are designed to be more rigorous with exams taken after two years of study, rather than in modules with exams along the way.
Change is under way in Wales as well as in England. The Welsh government has introduced new and revised GCSEs taught from September 2015.
The most significant changes are in English language, Welsh language and mathematics. In all the changed subjects, the new or revised specifications will be the only ones available to state schools in Wales. They will be delivered by the WJEC examination board.
One crucial difference to England is that the established grading structure of A*- G is being maintained.
While pupils in England will have results graded 9-1 and pupils in Wales will have A*-G graded results,  pupils in Northern Ireland could end up with a mix of A*-G and numerical grades.
Initially, the Northern Ireland government said all exam boards operating in the province must give their results on an A* to G basis. This led English exam boards OCR and AQA to announce they would not offer the new GCSEs there.
But in June 2016, this decision was reversed by new Education Minister Peter Weir and pupils will now be allowed to sit GCSE grades from English exam boards giving results using the 9-1 system.
Approximately three-quarters of GCSEs in Northern Ireland are taken through the NI Council for Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment (CCEA); the remaining quarter through the AQA, OCR, Edexcel or WJEC exam boards.
Scotland has its own system of public examinations: Nationals and Highers.
Nationals replaced the old Standard Grades in 2014 and new Higher exams were introduced in 2015.


A Bangladesh government report into the collapse of a multi-storey factory building, which killed more than 1,100, has uncovered a series of violations.

The report said the building had been constructed with sub-standard materials on unsuitable land.
It also recommended life sentences for the building's owner and the owners of five garment factories operating there.
The Rana Plaza collapse on 24 April is one of the world's worst industrial disasters and sparked global outrage.
It highlighted working conditions, low wages and safety standards in the country's garment sector.  In the wake of the disaster, there have been a series of angry protests by workers in the garment industry.
On Thursday, thousands of garment workers took to the streets in Ashulia, the industrial belt near Dhaka, demanding wage increases and other benefits. Some vehicles were attacked during the protest.
The Bangladesh Garment Manufactures and Exporters Association (BGMEA) said they had shut down 21 factories to avoid further unrest.
The Rana Plaza disaster prompted the government to introduce some reforms and some international retailers have also proposed an accord to improve safety conditions in Bangladesh.
Bhopal, India (1984): Toxic gas escapes from Union Carbide plant. Official initial death toll put at 3,800; deaths to date thought to be 15,000
Halifax, Canada (1917): Explosion on board French munitions vessel Mont-Blanc in Halifax harbour, and resulting tsunami, kill 1,950 people
Benxihu, China (1942): Explosion destroys Benxihu (Honkeiko) colliery in Liaoning, China, during Japanese occupation, killing 1,549 labourers
Oppau, Germany (1921): Explosion at Badische Anilin chemical works, producing nitrates, destroys plant as well as nearby village, killing 1,500 people
Savar, Bangladesh (2013): Eight-storey Rana Plaza, housing garment factories, collapses in suburb of Dhaka, killing at least 1,127 people
Courrieres, France (1906): Dust explosion at Courrieres mine in Pas-de-Calais department kills almost 1,100 people
In pictures: Recovery operation
The owner of the building, Mohammad Sohel Rana, was arrested last month as were the owners of factories inside the building.
Mr Rana has made no public comment about the incident. His father and uncle have also been arrested and no members of his family have come forward with a statement.
The man in charge of the investigation, Mainuddin Khandker, told BBC Bangla on Wednesday that  "extremely poor" construction materials were used in the building and said the report identified five causes of the collapse.
"A portion of the building was also constructed on land which had been a body of water before and was filled with rubbish," he told the Associated Press news agency.
The 400-page report was submitted to the government on Wednesday. It also made several recommendations. As well as life sentences for those responsible for the collapse these included:
The authorities say 1130 people died, about 2,500 people were injured in the accident and 2,437 people were rescued.
On 10 May a woman was pulled alive from the rubble, 17 days after the collapse. It was a glimmer of hope for rescue workers after weeks of hauling bodies out of the ruins but the authorities called off the rescue just three days later.
Just a day before the collapse, the building was briefly evacuated when cracks appeared in the walls. However, workers were later allowed back in or told to return by the factory owners.
Bangladesh has one of the largest garment industries in the world. Some of the clothes produced in the Rana Plaza building were made for Western retailers.
*Reports say New Wave Style supplied up to 27 companies from its Dhaka factories, but the full list is not available.


Scottish FA president Alan McRae remains confident that Gordon Strachan can take the national side to the 2018 World Cup finals.

The SFA board this month backed Strachan following their review of a 3-0 defeat by England that leaves the Scots fifth in their qualifying group.
"We expected more," McRae said of Scotland's points total.
"But we still have the confidence in Gordon to try to get to that play-off slot. That's the one we had aimed on."
Scotland trail Group F leaders England by six points and second top Slovenia, who are their next opponents, by four.
"We have a bit more to do now, but four games at home and everything to play for," McRae told BBC Scotland.
"March will be the next home game, a great opportunity to get a win.
"Gordon is a good experienced coach, a former international player, he has all the credentials, he has won trophies.
"He has a good group of players, they work as a group.
"We are obviously a bit disappointed to say the least in terms of four points from 12 which, if it had been six or seven we would have all have had at least a half smile on our face.
"But it is mathematically possible and I still think Gordon can take us to the play-offs."
McRae confirmed the quest to find a new performance director to replace Brian McClair, who left in July, is ongoing.
However, he would not comment specifically on former Cardiff City, Watford and Wigan Athletic manager Malky Mackay, who is believed to be one of the candidates and who was at Hampden Park with McRae on Sunday for Celtic's 3-0 Scottish League Cup win over Aberdeen.
"The update is quite simple, the process is well on, a series of interviews have been taken and it is ongoing," he said.
"I am not going to comment on any individual who might or might not be part of that process.
"It is very important. As you know, the performance strategy started about five years ago and there is a good lot of work going on just now and we are looking forward to changing things, tweaking things, to say the least and get the new performance director in and try to move on from there."


Cornish Pirates duo Tom Kessell and Jamal Ford-Robinson have signed for Championship rivals Bristol.

Scrum-half Kessell, 24, arrives on a short-term deal, having agreed to join Northampton Saints in the summer.
He will be immediately loaned back to Cornish Pirates, along with prop Ford-Robinson, but both will be available for Bristol's play-off campaign.
Bristol boss Andy Robinson confirmed the two clubs will come to an agreement over the players' release dates.
"With Luke Baldwin signing for Worcester, we needed cover at nine," Robinson said of Kessell's arrival.
"Once it's guaranteed Cornish Pirates are safe but also not in the play-offs, he'll join us. If things go to plan, we expect to have him in April.
Speaking to BBC Radio Bristol, Robinson added: "Jamal is a very good young prospect. He can play either side but we're looking at him being a tight-head.
"Sometimes there's a shortage of props so he's going to have to stay with the Pirates until they no longer need him. We'll hopefully probably have him for the run-in to the play-offs."
Kessell has spent his entire career with his hometown club and has made 12 starts this term, scoring five tries.
Bristol-born 21-year-old Ford-Robinson started out at Leicester before spells with Cambridge and Cornwall.
He has agreed a deal with Bristol until the end of the 2015-16 season.


Niger says the bodies of 34 migrants, including 20 children, have been found in the Sahara Desert near the border with Algeria.

A government statement said they were found near the small desert town of Assamakka.
Interior Minister Bazoum Mohammed said it appeared they had died of thirst after being abandoned by their smuggler.
Niger lies on a major migrant route between sub-Saharan Africa and Europe.
Mr Mohammed said nine of the adults were women and five were men. He said members of the group had died between 6 and 12 June.
Two victims have been identified as Nigerian but the nationalities of the others are not yet clear.
The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) says about 120,000 people crossed through Niger's arid northern Agadez region last year.
Thousands of illegal migrants have travelled to Algeria in recent years, most of them via Mali and Niger. People smugglers have largely avoided Libya since it descended into political chaos.


British-based firm Reckitt Benckiser has admitted for the first time selling a humidifier disinfectant that killed about 100 people in South Korea.

The head of its South Korean division was attacked by angry relatives as he apologised at a Seoul hotel.
Reckitt Benckiser is among several firms whose products are blamed for the deaths.
It has offered compensation to the families of those who died, as well as the hundreds more who were injured.
Reckitt Benckiser withdrew its product from the market after South Korean authorities suggested a link between chemicals to sterilise humidifiers and lung conditions in 2011.
"This is the first time we are accepting the fullest responsibility, and we are offering a complete and full apology. We were late, five years have passed," Ataur Safdar said.
He added that the company was setting up a multi-million dollar humanitarian fund for the victims and their families.
Many are said to be children or pregnant women.
His apology was rejected by relatives at the news conference, at least one of whom hit him shortly after he took to the stage, and he was jostled and heckled.
About 500 people are reported to have died or been injured after inhaling poisonous chemicals used in humidifier disinfectants manufactured and sold by several companies in South Korea from 2001 to 2011.
Sources: RB website, financial statements
Reckitt Benckiser has been criticised for previously refusing to take responsibility.
Patty O'Hayer, a spokesperson for Reckitt Benckiser, told the BBC that the South Korean government had so far linked 177 cases to its product.
But the process of identifying possible victims was not yet complete.
She said the firm would compensate those who were "likely or very likely" to have been made ill by its humidifier steriliser.
The company, which also makes painkiller Nurofen, was fined last week in Australia for misleading customers.
A court ruled that products marketed as targeting specific pains, such as migraine, were actually identical.


Bath wing Semesa Rokoduguni has extended his stay at the Premiership club for at least another two years.

The 28-year-old has scored 27 tries in 70 games since joining in 2012.
"Roko is an incredible talent, especially considering he's still at a relatively early stage in his professional rugby career," said Bath head coach Mike Ford.
"He's a complete professional on and off the pitch, and I know he's just going to keep getting better."
Born in Fiji, Rokoduguni won his first and only England cap in November 2014 against New Zealand.
"My family are settled in Bath, and I'm really enjoying being part of the very talented squad here," added Rokoduguni.
"I'm excited about where we can go as a team, and I'm looking forward to playing a role in that."


Exeter Chiefs have signed Australia back Lachie Turner on a deal until the end of the 2017-18 season.

Turner, who can play on the wing or at centre, will join up with his new team-mates this week.
He is the third Australia international to commit to Exeter in recent months, with Dave Dennis and Greg Holmes set to move to Sandy Park in the summer.
Turner, 28, scored four tries in seven games for Toulon this season, having moved to the club as World Cup cover.
"We've tracked him for some time now and, once we knew he had finished his time with Toulon, we started the process of having a real good look at him," Exeter head coach Rob Baxter said.
"Immediately you could see he was a very good rugby player and having really looked at his game, we believe he can really add something to us in terms of our back three options.
"Now he's here, we will look to ease him gently following his flight over and then as the week progresses, gradually introduce him into full training with the squad."
Turner has won 15 caps for the Wallabies and played for Super Rugby's Sydney-based Waratahs and Queensland Reds before moving to France last summer.
"The fact he can play in numerous positions is a big thing, just because at times I've felt this season we have been a little bit exposed in certain areas," added Baxter.
"I just feel if we are that little bit thicker and little stronger in certain areas, it will help us in the long term.
"People will know that we are a club who like to bring through quality young players, but at the same time some of them you would say are relatively inexperienced when it comes to the Premiership and to Europe. Therefore it's important that we have a good balance in terms of our squad make-up."


Transformers star Shia LaBeouf has pleaded guilty to a charge of disorderly conduct over his disruption of a Broadway performance of Cabaret.

Under the terms of the plea, LaBeouf will avoid jail or probation.
However, he must complete a treatment programme, attend all court appearances and avoid arrest for six months.
LaBeouf was arrested in June after smoking, shouting at actors and using abusive language as he was removed from the audience at a Cabaret performance.
According to court documents, he yelled, "do you know who I am?" at security guards at New York's Studio 54 theatre. He later spat at an officer's feet at a nearby police station.
Shortly after the arrest, a publicist for the 28-year-old said the actor had begun receiving treatment for alcoholism.
In New York on Wednesday, Manhattan Criminal Court Judge Diana Boyar asked: "Are you pleading guilty because you are guilty?"
"Yes, your honour," LaBeouf said.
The judge ordered him to complete a three-month course of treatment. The actor made no comment as he left court.
LeBeouf's arrest at the Broadway revival of Cabaret, starring Alan Cumming and Michelle Williams, followed a series of instances where he had behaved erratically in public.
He walked out of a news conference for Lars von Trier's Nymphomaniac at the Berlin Film Festival in February.
The star, whose films include Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps, later appeared on the red carpet with a paper bag on his head, on which was written: "I am not famous anymore."
A month earlier, he had tweeted that he was quitting "public life" because of recent attacks against his "artistic integrity".


US software giant Microsoft is suing alleged scammers who phone people pretending to represent the firm and offer bogus technology support.

The callers ask to take over a home computer and demand money to fix it. Some then install viruses as well.
The software company said it had received more than 65,000 complaints about tech support scams since May.
It is taking legal action against several firms it accuses of misusing its name in such cases.
The scam has been around for decades with callers peddling useless security software and tricking people into spending hundreds of pounds (or dollars) to solve non-existent computer problems.
Increasingly, the bogus technicians are gaining access to people's computers remotely.
From there they can also steal personal and financial information and install malware.
In some cases people are tricked into signing up for support via fake web ads. Others receive a direct telephone call from a technician claiming to represent Microsoft.
Microsoft has warned that scammers are likely to be active over the Christmas period.
"The holiday season is a popular time for scammers as more people engage in online activities, including shopping, donating to charity and searching for travel deals," it said.
Older people needed to be particularly vigilant, it said.
"Tech support scammers don't discriminate; they will go after anyone, but not surprisingly senior citizens have been among the most vulnerable."
The US Federal Trade Commission filed a legal case in Florida last month against a company that used adverts to scare people into believing their computer had a virus and then sell them allegedly worthless services.
In the UK, National Trading Standards has recently taken legal action against a man from Luton who hired people at an Indian call centre to falsely tell people their computers had a serious problem.
Mohammed Khalid Jamil was given a four-month suspended jail sentence and ordered to pay Â£5,665 compensation and Â£13,929 in prosecution costs.
Microsoft has issued tips to help users avoid falling for such scams.
It says:


Fiona Brown was Scotland's creative force as they eased to a win over Romania in a Falkirk Stadium friendly.

Only two minutes had passed when Lisa Evans headed the hosts in front from a Brown cross.
They started the second half just as quick; Jane Ross directing another Brown cross beyond the goalkeeper.
In a slick performance from Anna Signeul's side, they could have had more goals as they stepped up their preparations for Euro 2017.
They face a tougher test on Tuesday, when they travel to Sweden, the world's sixth-best team in the world rankings, before the squad is then announced for the finals in Netherlands.
Scotland were keen to impose themselves on visitors who are 15 places below the 21st-placed hosts in the rankings.
Ross shrugged off her marker and laid it off to Leanne Crichton in the box, but her shot lacked power.
But, a minute later, Scotland were ahead when Evans met Brown's floating cross at the back post and nodded in.
Vaila Bardsley headed over then Caroline Weir had a free-kick pushed wide as Scotland continued their assault on the Romanian goal.
The movement and passing was electric and, in 21 minutes, the defence was opened up for Brown to burst through from the left, but she lifted her shot over.
As good as they were going forward, Scotland's frailties at the back were shown when Florentina Olar was able to easily pick out Cosmina Dusa, who should have done better with her header from close range.
Romania started the second half with 10 players, Laura Rus not yet ready to come on, but while they waited for a break in play, they were punished as Scotland made the extra player count to grab a second.
Brown picked out Ross and, although goalkeeper Andreea Paraluta got a touch to her header, she could not keep it out.
Romania were proving to be more stubborn as the game went on and Rus could have pulled one back when she rounded goalkeeper Gemma Fay, but Joelle Murray got back to clear.
Scotland were still creating chances. Brown cut inside and shot over, Lana Clelland and Bardsley both headed over and Erin Cuthbert's stab at goal was pushed wide by Paraluta.
Bardsley threatened again at a free-kick, being denied at the back post, then showed her worth at the other end when she cut-out Mara Batea's goalbound effort.
Scotland head coach Anna Signeul: "I'm very pleased with the performance.
"We defended well, we played as a team, everyone did really well from Gemma Fay to Jane Ross. I'm delighted with how we defended together.
"A lot of players were very good, but I was very pleased for Vaila Bardsley as that was her second game.
"Against Belgium, we didn't perform very well, but now she showed how good she can play."
Scotland: Fay, Bardsley, Dieke, Love, Lauder, Weir, Crichton, Evans, Jane Ross, Frankie Brown, Fiona Brown.
Substitutes: Lynn, Alexander, McLauchlan, Leanne Ross, Arthur, Corsie, Christie Murray, Cuthbert, Clelland, Smith, Joelle Murray.
Romania: Paraluta, Corduneanu, Havristiuc, Bortan, Ficzay, Giurgiu, Vatafu, Olar, Lunca, Gorea, Fusa.
Substitutes: Kajtar, Bistrian, Rus, Voicu, Batea, Carp, Goder
Referee: Sarah Garrett (England)
Attendance: 1,877


While the Labour and the Liberal Democrat leadership elections continue, Plaid Cymru have announced their new leader at Westminster.

It's Jonathan Edwards, the MP for Carmarthen East and Dinefwr. He replaces Elfyn Llwyd, who stood down at the election.
It had been expected that Mr Llwyd would be replaced by Arfon MP Hywel Williams, but he decided to pass on the opportunity for family reasons.
Mr Edwards had previously been resistant to the idea in case it cramped his political style but has now been persuaded to take the leadership path.
He has identified three themes for the next five years at Westminster: "The Human Rights Act, a European Referendum and the political autonomy of the nations within the British state will be some of the defining issues of this Parliament. They have the ingredients to ignite major constitutional battles and will undoubtedly impact upon the daily lives of our people, our businesses and our communities."
Getting the collective voice of three MPs heard in a House of Commons of 650 members will, as ever, be a challenge, although Mr Edwards argues that Plaid's MPs have always punched above their weight.
The success of the SNP may, counter-intuitively, make that challenge more difficult. In the last parliament, Plaid and the SNP were treated as a single official group. They were on the same "rota" for prime minister's questions. With 56 SNP MPs and only three Plaid members, another joint group would look rather lop-sided.
Instead, the SNP are likely to meet as a single group, although they and Plaid are expected to work together with joint meetings held at leader level - involving Angus Robertson, Jonathan Edwards and Green MP Caroline Lucas.
The SNP have been swift to claim "third party status" at Westminster, taking over the Liberal Democrats' whips' office and expecting to be able to ask two questions of the prime minister every Wednesday. Plaid may find themselves on a PMQs rota of smaller parties denied the status offered to their sister party from Scotland.
You can read the full Plaid Cymru press release on Jonathan Edwards's appointment here. You can watch Elfyn Llwyd's advice to new MPs here (with a cameo contribution from his pigeons).
Update: In a joint statement the three parties have said they will unite "whenever possible" at Westminster to oppose austerity.


The range and quality of research at Scotland's universities has been praised in a new UK-wide survey.

Most Scottish universities have maintained or improved their standing in the league table.
Overall Edinburgh University came out in 4th place while Glasgow University was 13th.
More than 85% of university research in Scotland was judged to have an outstanding or very significant impact in wider society and economy.
This figure was higher than the UK average.
The analysis, produced by Research Fortnight, was based on the results of the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF 2014).
This was a large-scale exercise which reviewed the quality of research in different subjects at universities across the UK.
Panels of experts scored the work of more than 52,000 academics from 154 UK universities.
Both Edinburgh and Glasgow Universities moved up one place in the table compared to the last one in 2008.
St Andrews, Strathclyde, Aberdeen, Dundee, Heriot-Watt and Stirling also made the top 50.
Strathclyde's physics department was named as the best in the UK - ahead of Oxford, Cambridge and Imperial College.
Aberdeen and Dundee both slipped back slightly in the overall rankings, while the others moved up.
Broadly speaking, the data suggested Scottish universities have maintained or even improved their research rankings since tuition fees for Scottish students were abolished.
International rankings also suggest the broad position of Scottish universities is being maintained.
Every one of Scotland's 18 higher education institutions undertakes research judged to be of "world-leading" quality while Scotland performs more highly than the UK average when assessed on the impact of its research.
For the first time, REF 2014 also assessed the impact the research has had on the economy, society, public policy, culture and the quality of life.
Laurence Howells, chief executive of the Scottish Funding Council, said: "Today we have had confirmation that our universities' research is world-leading and impacts on almost every aspect of daily life, from the way we treat patients in hospital, to the way we communicate with smartphones.
"By making the most of our investments in research, Scotland's universities are rightly on the podium with the best in the world. It is particularly satisfying that Scotland's pioneering approach to collaboration through research pooling has helped to bring this success in the REF."
Each of the University of Edinburgh's three colleges had at least one research area ranked top in the UK.
Edinburgh research in Sociology, in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences and in Computer Science and Informatics was rated the best in the UK, based on breadth and quality of research.
The principal, Prof Sir Timothy O'Shea, said: "Research at the University of Edinburgh is constantly expanding the depth of human knowledge and making an impact on the wider world - whether it be improving the effectiveness of youth justice policy and practice, or shaping the technologies used to manage the world's data.
"Our outstanding researchers enable us to forge links with charities, businesses, policy makers and other universities, so that together we can tackle long-standing challenges at home and overseas."
The University of Glasgow said its achievements included pioneering research in medicine with new drugs and treatments; software revolutionising the design of electric motors; new ways of controlling animal diseases including TB in cattle and rabies; a positive impact on knife crime policy; and assisting the transformation of Stirling Castle into one of the UK's leading heritage sites.
Principal and vice-chancellor Prof Anton Muscatelli said: "It is particularly pleasing that, in line with the aspirations of the university set out in the university's 2020 Global Vision, 31% of our output was judged to be of 'world-leading' quality.  This success lies at the very heart of our contribution to the UK's economy and, in particular, Scotland's economy."
The report was welcomed by Education Secretary Angela Constance, who said Scotland was "globally recognised for pioneering research", with four universities in the world's top 200.
This was more per head of population than any other country except Switzerland, she said.
Ms Constance added: "The 2014 Research Excellence Framework has now shown that all of our institutions are producing world-class research in a variety of areas.
"Research is also key to our economic growth and prosperity. Figures published earlier this year showed that our Â£124m investment in eight innovation centres has the potential to generate up to Â£1.5bn and around 5,000 jobs for the economy, through sectors such as energy, aquaculture and construction."
However, the University and College Union warned that world-leading research was too often being conducted by people on zero-hours contracts.
It also warned institutions against using any perceived low scores as an excuse to consider reducing staff numbers.
The union added that lots of research not included or rated highly in the REF still made a hugely important contribution.
UCU Scotland official Mary Senior said: "Our universities must be free to continue pushing the boundaries in their cutting-edge work. We must also recognise that a lot of research not included or rated highly in the REF is still incredibly important.
"Too often our world-leading research is being conducted by people with little or no job security. Universities must avoid any knee-jerk reactions to the results or use perceived low scores to try and make unnecessary cuts.
"We are not alone in criticising what we see as a flawed process when it comes to the REF and have outlined the need for a fundamental overhaul of the research system. We want to see better funding that expands our research base, covering more institutions and more diverse areas of research."


Mark Selby rediscovered his form to reach the UK Championship quarter-finals in York, but world number four Shaun Murphy was beaten by Marco Fu.

World number one Selby set the standard for a near faultless display against Thailand's Dechawat Poomjaeng with an opening-frame 82.
And four more 50-plus breaks saw him wrap up a stylish 6-1 victory.
Murphy led 3-2 against Fu, but the world number 14 was in imperious form to hit back for a thrilling 6-4 win.
Fu said: "It was high-quality match at the start but both of us were edgy towards the end so I am just happy to get over the line."
Hong Kong's Fu scored breaks of 93 and 104 to go in at 2-2 at the interval, but a superb 83 by 2008 champion Murphy made it 3-2.
Two successive 50s by Fu saw him take a 4-3 lead, and he took advantage of some uncharacteristic errors by his increasingly anxious opponent to set up a meeting with either Liang Wenbo or Tom Ford.
In the afternoon session, world number 81 David Grace beat 2006 champion Peter Ebdon 6-2 to join Selby in the last eight.
Grace, from Leeds, took advantage of a couple of fluked reds to score breaks of 84 and 75 to establish a 2-1 lead.
And he stretched that to 4-1 before sealing an impressive win over veteran Ebdon.
But the truly high-quality snooker came from Selby.
The Leicester man admitted he was extremely lucky to scrape past Jamie Jones 6-5 in the third round.
But Selby told BBC Sport his display against Poomjaeng was the best he had played in "a single match all season".
"Winning is always great, but to play like that and win is even more special. I am very happy with the way I played," he said.
"Every time I got a chance I seemed to win the frame in one visit. You can't always play snooker like that, but it does put a marker down for other players.
"I probably shouldn't have been in the last 16."
Poomjaeng only edged through his third-round match late on Tuesday night, coming back from 5-0 down to beat Mark Joyce.
But there was never any question of a repeat fightback from the world number 51.
Selby, the 2012 winner, barely gave Poomjaeng a chance, scoring breaks of 58 and 48 in frame two, and following that with a stylish 106 and another 80-plus knock to lead 4-0 at the mid-session interval.
A 98 came immediately on the resumption, and although Poomjaeng finally got on the board, winning frame six, Selby closed out victory with a tidy clearance in a scrappy seventh frame.
Selby, one of only 10 men to have won snooker's triple crown of World Championship, UK Championship and Masters, faces England's Matthew Selt or Luca Brecel from Belgium in the quarter-finals.
Selby added: "I will be full of confidence after that performance. If you play like that and don't get confidence from it then there must be something wrong."