Liverpool manager Jurgen Klopp and his Manchester United counterpart Louis van Gaal headed in opposite directions as soon as the final whistle sounded at Old Trafford.

Once the usual formalities were complete after the 1-1 draw that sent Liverpool into the last eight of the Europa League with a 3-1 aggregate win over United, Klopp went to salute the travelling fans as Van Gaal strode towards the tunnel at the Stretford End.
It was symbolic of the current trajectory of these two fierce old adversaries under their respective managers and underlined by the performances of Manchester United and Liverpool in their first European meeting.
Klopp, on the evidence of these two Europa League legs, has built a Liverpool team more in his own image and likeness in six months than Van Gaal has managed in two years at Manchester United.
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Liverpool, while not at their best at Old Trafford, have demonstrated an intensity and work-rate that reflects their manager's personality and what he regards as the trademark of his teams - namely a mixture of attacking intent and the "Gegenpressing" style.
In other words, you can see Klopp's imprint on how Liverpool go about their work, even though he has only been at Anfield since early October. Liverpool's graph is on an upward curve.
United are a team on the drift, without personality or direction. If Van Gaal is stamping his personality on the side, it is almost impossible to detect. This was not a bad performance but one that came too late after the dismal display at Anfield last Thursday.
Van Gaal may have declared his pride in his team's efforts but over the two games Liverpool thoroughly deserved to progress. United are seemingly no nearer a firm tactical template than they were when Van Gaal arrived.
Once Philippe Coutinho equalised on the night with the away goal that left United requiring three second-half goals, the tie was over.
United's spirit was willing, especially in the shape of youngsters Antony Martial and Marcus Rashford, but there is no surge of old in this team. Once the Brazilian's goal went in there was no sense inside Old Trafford for a single second that a comeback from days gone by would ensure. And it did not.
As United became increasingly desperate, the cavalry consisted of Matteo Darmian coming on for Marcos Rojo after 62 minutes, following the introduction of Antonio Valencia for the struggling Guillermo Varela at half-time. One veteran was swapped for another when Bastian Schweinsteiger replaced Michael Carrick late on.
Memphis Depay was not trusted and it was a reflection of United's current state that attacking options were so limited.
Liverpool's supporters left shrouded in red smoke from flares and a growing optimism that, in the charismatic Klopp, they matter again and have found the perfect personality to take them forward.
Liverpool play like a Klopp team, which is an ideal platform for progress. United have no discernible personality or clear direction.
Liverpool have a manager in for the long haul accompanied by a feel-good factor. United have a manager many believe will not be at Old Trafford beyond the end of this season - and the uncertainty is plain to see.
Klopp's heart-on-the-sleeve management style, a whirlwind of activity and emotion in his technical area, is the polar opposite to Van Gaal's rule by clipboard from his seat in the dugout.
And the German already seems to be carrying his players with him in a manner that has eluded Van Gaal in almost two seasons at Old Trafford.
There is a close bond between Klopp and his squad that has never existed, perhaps deliberately, with Van Gaal and United's team.
Liverpool's Roberto Firmino, a £29m signing from Hoffenheim who is flourishing with Klopp after early struggles under Brendan Rodgers, summed up the manager's approach.
He said: "He is the best manager I have ever worked with. I don't say that because he picks me all of the time. It's because of his mentality and personality. He gives confidence to all of the players. He knows what your potential is, so he always says just one or two words to give you confidence and show trust."
Players like Firmino and Coutinho have bought into Klopp's approach and the German has also established an instant connection with Liverpool's fans.
United, in contrast, seem stuck and no-one is more stuck than Marouane Fellaini. He is now almost the symbol of where it started to go wrong after the retirement of Sir Alex Ferguson, when the ill-fated David Moyes was tempted to pay £27.5m for the 28-year-old midfielder he managed at Everton.
Unloved by the crowd - Old Trafford resounded to some of the loudest cheers of the day when his number came up to be substituted in the FA Cup quarter-final against West Ham United on Sunday - and struggling desperately to find any form, it is painful to watch.
It is certainly painful for those playing against him. Fellaini was fortunate to escape punishment for elbowing Emre Can at the end of the first leg, he was at it again when he flailed and felled Dejan Lovren here. He is a disciplinary liability and a tactical millstone - his presence too often an excuse to resort to aimless long balls.
Referee Milorad Mazic was generous with a yellow card when he flattened Lovren - it might almost have been a mercy sending-off had he produced red.
United's targets now are a place in the Premier League's top four and winning the FA Cup, with a testing quarter-final replay at West Ham to come.
Will it be enough to spare Van Gaal? And how many of United's squad would survive further failure after the blow of falling to Liverpool in the first European meeting between the clubs?
Van Gaal's reign is rolling along at a pedestrian pace and any finish outside the top four would surely be fatal for his chances of seeing out the final season of his contract.
Goalkeeper David de Gea is world class and must be the focal point of United's future. They must hope Real Madrid do not come calling again.
Chris Smalling will be crucial, while Cameron Bortwick-Jackson has shown real promise at full back. Luke Shaw will also surely fulfil his outstanding promise at left-back when he completes his recovery from a broken leg.
In midfield there must be long-term doubts over 34-year-old Michael Carrick, while Schweinsteiger is hardly one or the future. Would another manager get more out of Morgan Schneiderlin, who has struggled since his £24m move from Southampton last summer?
The picture looks bright in attack with 18-year-old Rashford and Martial, 20, while United will hope Adnan Januzaj can rediscover his youthful promise.
As for Memphis Depay, left kicking his heels against Liverpool on Thursday, United must hope his poor performances this season can be attributed to a bedding-in period and the best will be seen next term.
And for all the doubts expressed, Wayne Rooney's absence with a knee injury has shown, especially when United went down without a fight at Anfield, how important he remains.
These are times of flux at Old Trafford and a loss over two legs to Liverpool only brings that into sharper relief.
Liverpool's season is alive with positivity - through to the Europa League quarter-finals and only seven points off Manchester City in fourth place in the Premier League with a game in hand.
This victory will only enhance the growing confidence under Klopp and the belief that this season could yet end in something special.
United still have hopes of a trophy in the FA Cup but Van Gaal admits they need to beat Manchester City in Sunday's derby at Etihad Stadium to keep that Champions League momentum going.
As the final whistle blew at Old Trafford, it was Liverpool and Klopp with the momentum while Van Gaal and United faced an uncertain future with fragile confidence.


Cities across Japan have marked the fourth anniversary of the earthquake and tsunami that left more than 18,000 people dead or missing.

Ceremonies were held in areas hit by the magnitude 9.0 earthquake, which devastated whole towns and badly damaged a nuclear power plant.
At a service in Tokyo, Emperor Akihito said that the situation for many survivors remained "severe".
Earlier, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe announced a new rebuilding plan.
At 2.46pm local time - the moment the earthquake struck underwater near the eastern Miyagi prefecture in 2011- tsunami warning alarms rang out again. A national minute's silence followed.
According to Japan's National Police Agency, 15,891 people died in the tragedy, and another 2,584 remain missing. Many were lost when a large tsunami swept the eastern coast after the earthquake.
Some 230,000 people have yet to return to their home towns since the disaster.
At a ceremony in Tokyo, Emperor Akihito said the situation remained "severe" for many survivors.
"Many of the people who were affected by the disasters are still living under a difficult environment today," he said.
"I'm especially concerned about the health of the people who are getting older every year. It is important for all Japanese to put their hearts together and stay close by."
A rebuilding programme initiated by Japan's government expires next March.
On Tuesday, Mr Abe said much work remained to be done, and that many towns were still unable to offer permanent housing or jobs to their residents.
Mr Abe said a new five-year rebuilding programme will be announced by the summer, but he did not indicate how much money was being allocated for reconstruction.


Borrowers' appetite for home loans is "starting to wane" despite an annual rise in mortgage lending, say lenders.

Gross mortgage lending hit £18.6bn in August, down 5% on July but 13% higher than a year earlier, the Council of Mortgage Lenders (CML) said.
It added that the seasonally-adjusted figure had been relatively flat since the start of the year, suggesting activity was at a plateau.
It is predicting a "gentle slowing" in the UK housing market from now.
This was partly the result of a deceleration in London, which has witnessed frantic activity and double-digit price rises at times in the last year.
The latest figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) showed that house prices in London rose by 19.1% in the year to the end of July.
Overall, UK property prices were up 11.7% over the same period.
Other surveys have suggested a slight slowdown over August.
Richard Sexton, director of e.surv chartered surveyors, said: "The mortgage market may have paused for breath in August, but the recovery is still in full swing. However, it is patchy at best. Some areas of the country are operating on fast-forward, but other areas are still at a standstill."
A number of lenders have reduced the interest rate on some of their fixed rate mortgage deals in recent weeks, with little indication of an imminent rise in the Bank rate set by the Bank of England which is still at a historic low of 0.5%.


Two Kenyan Olympic officials have been granted bail after appearing in court over alleged mismanagement of the national team at the Rio Olympics.

Francis Paul, the secretary-general of the National Olympics Committee of Kenya (Nock), Pius Ochieng, Nock's vice chairman, and a third man, Stephen Soi, are being investigated for theft, abuse of office and neglect of duty.
The officials are blamed for a series of problems facing Kenya's athletes.
They have made no comment.
Bail for Mr Paul and Mr Ochieng was set at $2,000 (£1,530). Mr Soi had already been released from police custody for medical reasons and his bail will be set on Wednesday.
The charges against them have not been finalised and the police have a further 21 days to investigate before the men next appear in court.
The BBC's Ferdinand Omondi in the capital, Nairobi, says that athletes have complained about kit going missing, as well as poor travel and accommodation arrangements for the Olympics.
There have also been complaints that officials took friends to Rio de Janeiro at the expense of coaches being able to travel.
Team captain Wesley Korir, who is also an independent MP, has been outspoken about the problems.
He said that the athletes had been put through "hell" while staying in poor accommodation after the Olympic village was closed.
Our correspondent says that the situation has become known as "the Rio fiasco".
President Uhuru Kenyatta has called for an investigation into what went wrong.
Kenya came 15th in the Olympic medal table, winning 13 medals overall, including six golds.


The Nigerian army has driven Boko Haram militants from the last camp in their Sambisa forest stronghold, President Muhammadu Buhari has said.

"The terrorists are on the run and no longer have a place to hide," Mr Buhari said in a statement.
The Islamists' camp fell at 13:35 local time (12:35 GMT) on Friday, he added.
The army has been engaged for the last few weeks in a major offensive in the forest, a huge former colonial game reserve in north-eastern Borno state.
There has been speculation that some of the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapped in 2014 were being held in the forest, after it was named by a small number of girls who escaped.
Mr Buhari said in his statement that efforts to find the remaining girls would be intensified.
He went on to congratulate the armed forces on the Sambisa operation, calling the apparent success "long-awaited and most gratifying".
"I want to use this opportunity to commend the determination, courage and resilience of troops of Operation Lafiya Dole at finally entering and crushing the remnants of the Boko Haram insurgents," he said.
The army has recaptured significant areas of territory previously controlled by Boko Haram since an offensive began in February.
The militant group still stages suicide bombings in the northeast of Nigeria and in neighbouring Niger and Cameroon.
Its fighters are thought to have killed more than 15,000 people and displaced more than two million during a seven-year insurgency in the region.
Leader Abubakar Shekau, who has pledged allegiance to the so-called Islamic State, promotes a version of Islam that forbids Muslims from taking part in any political or social activity associated with Western society.


Sarah Palin's endorsement of Republican presidential frontrunner Donald Trump on Tuesday night was billed as a surprise, but in hindsight it is surprising only that it took so long for this natural political partnership to be forged.

Ms Palin is the only Republican in recent history to demonstrate the kind of star power that has elevated Mr Trump to the top in the race for the 2016 Republican presidential nomination. Mr Trump regularly draws crowds numbering in the thousands - just as Ms Palin did after Senator John McCain chose her to be his vice-presidential running mate in 2008.
Both Mr Trump and Ms Palin also have complementary political outlooks and appeal to the same segment of the Republican primary electorate - non-college educated, largely working class whites who are disillusioned with professional politicians and Washington politics in general. These voters view the scorn of the establishment elite - which has been heaped, at times, on both Ms Palin and Mr Trump - as a badge of honour rather than a weakness.
For some Republican candidates, an endorsement from Ms Palin could alienate their support among party leaders who question Ms Palin's intellect and interest in governing. In Mr Trump's case, however, these Republican elders and Washington pundits have long since turned against his campaign.
Even the speaking styles of Mr Trump and Ms Palin - unvarnished and informal, relying on rhetoric and not policy details - are similar.
Last January Ms Palin - who was then reportedly mulling her own bid for the 2016 Republican nomination - delivered a much-derided speech during a Republican forum in Iowa that drew many other presidential aspirants.
It's worth another listen. Her presentation was dismissed as unfocused and at times incoherent, more akin to a stream of consciousness rather than the traditional set-pieces delivered by others on the stage.
In hindsight, however, it was exactly the kind of monologue that Donald Trump has given day after day since he launched his campaign - and his supporters love him for it.
The two even have drawn from the same pool of political staff. Michael Glassner, the Trump campaign's national political director, served as chief of staff for Ms Palin's political action committee.
But how valuable is Ms Palin's support for Trump? While the former Alaska governor's reputation has been diminished since the heady days of 2008 - thanks to her absence from public office and involvement in series of questionable reality television shows - she is still well-liked by conservative Republicans and nearly universally known.
Her backing could help insulate Mr Trump against charges that he's not a true believer in the cause due to his support for liberal political issues and candidates in the past. At the very least, she could had have even more crowd-drawing power to a Trump campaign that already fill entire sports arenas.
To best understand the potentially ground-shifting implications of the Trump-Palin entente, however, observe how the campaign of Ted Cruz, the candidate closest to Mr Trump in the polls, has reacted.
"Sarah Palin has been a champion for the conservative cause, and if she was going to endorse Donald Trump, sadly, she would be endorsing someone who's held progressive views all their life on the sanctity of life, on marriage, on partial-birth abortion," Cruz campaign spokesman Rick Tyler told a television interviewer on Tuesday when rumours of a Palin endorsement first surfaced. "Donald Trump claims he's changed all those views. But I think if it was Sarah Palin - let me just say, I'd be deeply disappointed."
Leon Wolf, a blogger on the conservative RedState blog was even more dismayed.
"There is literally no excuse for Sarah Palin not to endorse Ted Cruz, if she believes even half the things she's been saying over the years about mavericks and people who have taken on entrenched Republican interests," he writes. "Donald Trump has done none of this."
He ascribes the endorsement to Ms Palin's desire to profit from Mr Trump's recent popularity.
Dismissing Ms Palin's support as irrelevant or misguided could prove a tricky line of attack for Mr Cruz and his supporters, however.
Texas Senator Ted Cruz surged to national prominence due in large part to the grassroots conservative Tea Party movement that Ms Palin helped inspire. In his book, he credits her endorsement as contributing to his upset Senate win in 2012 over a better-known, better-financed establishment Republican candidate.
"In a Republican primary, everyone claims to be conservative and voters are pretty cynical," Mr Cruz told Mike Allen of Politico in August 2012. "I think conservatives trust Sarah Palin that if she says this guy is a conservative, that he is a real deal."
Ted Cruz believed that about Ms Palin in 2012. Will Republican voters who might otherwise support Mr Cruz - in Iowa and elsewhere - follow her into Trump's ranks today?
Republican candidates in, and out, of the 2016 presidential race


Ministers have defended their plans for free school meals for infant children in England after a former adviser to the education secretary said the idea was "dumb" and a "bad gimmick".

Dominic Cummings, who used to work for Michael Gove, told the BBC that many schools would not be able to cope and implementing it would lead to chaos.
Schools minister David Laws said the policy was thought through and costed.
He dismissed Mr Cummings' claims as "complete and utter" rubbish.
From September, all Reception, Year 1 and Year 2 children in state-funded schools in England will be entitled to free school meals under the scheme announced by deputy prime minister and Lib Dem leader Nick Clegg last autumn.
But the policy is at the centre of a growing row between the Lib Dems and the Conservatives.
Mr Cummings, who worked as a special adviser to the Conservative education secretary until quitting last year, suggested that officials in the Department for Education were unanimously opposed to the policy.
In an email exchange with BBC Radio 4's World at One programme, Mr Cummings said the Department for Education was only given an hour's notice about the policy's introduction and no policy work was done in advance.
"Officials in the Department were unanimous that it was a bad gimmick and introduced in a way that makes it hard to avoid implementation chaos," he said.
"Our opposition was because it is a dumb idea, badly executed, that shows why politicians should have less power over schools."
He said Mr Clegg had been warned that it was a bad idea and that it should not be rushed because of the need for many schools to build new kitchens at a time of other major changes.
He also suggested Lib Dem claims that Â£150m would need to be spent to modernise and expand school kitchens was a "junk" figure drawn up on "the back of a fag packet".
But his criticisms prompted a furious response from the Lib Dem schools minister.
Mr Laws said the education secretary did not share the views of his former special adviser, who he described as a bright but controversial" individual who was "frequently wrong".
The minister said the idea had emanated from the school food plan endorsed by Mr Gove and a "serious amount of policy work" had gone into it since 2009, including a series of pilots.
There were always "noises off" when a big policy was introduced, he added, but he insisted the schools he had spoken to were "universally enthusiastic" about the idea.
"There are going to be implementational challenges but I do believe this is a popular policy with schools and parents and I believe we will successfully implement it," he said.
He told the BBC that ministers, not special advisers, decided government policy.
"What he [Dominic Cummings] said about the backdrop to the introduction of this policy... reflects his personal views, not the views of the secretary of state."
Labour said the ex-adviser's remarks called into question "the quality of decision making" in the department and across the government as a whole.


Welsh shooter Elena Allen has been named in the Great Britain team for the 2016 Olympics in Rio.

The Russian-born 43-year-old is the third Welsh competitor to be selected for the Games, following triathlete Non Stanford and sailor Hannah Mills.
Allen, who lives in Blackwood, was part of the British skeet team that won gold at the 2014 World Championships.
She also won individual silver in 2014 to go with a bronze claimed at the 2013 event in Peru.
Allen will be competing at her second Olympic Games, having failed to qualify for the skeet final at London 2012 when she admitted the applause of the crowd had put her off.
Previously, Allen was a bronze medallist at the 2006 Commonwealth Games when she competed for England and in 2014 won silver at the Glasgow Games after qualifying for Wales through residency.
"In shooting you have to win your quota place... but you win the quota for the country and I did that at the World Championships in Spain in 2014," Allen told BBC Wales Sport.
"But the [individual] place is never guaranteed, so you have to wait and see and you have to do your best, carry on competing at the best level you can.
"So you can never count your chickens until they're hatched!"


Gianluigi Buffon, Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo have been shortlisted for the Uefa men's player of the year.

Italy and Juventus goalkeeper Buffon, Argentina and Barcelona striker Messi and Portugal and Real Madrid forward Ronaldo were chosen by a jury of 80 coaches and 55 journalists.
Messi and Ronaldo have won the award twice - Ronaldo winning last season.
The award will be presented at the 2017/18 Champions League group stage draw in Monaco on Thursday 24 August.
Pernille Harder (Denmark, Linkoping and Wolfsburg), Dzsenifer Marozsán (Germany, Lyon) and Lieke Martens (Netherlands, Rosengard and Barcelona) are the three nominees for the women's award.
The players who make up the rest of the top 10 are:
4: Luka Modric (Croatia, Real Madrid)
5: Toni Kroos (Germany, Real Madrid)
6: Paulo Dybala (Argentina, Juventus)
7: Sergio Ramos (Spain, Real Madrid)
8: Kylian Mbappe (France, Monaco)
9: Robert Lewandowski (Poland, Bayern Munich)
10: Zlatan Ibrahimovic (Sweden, Manchester United)


Worcestershire opener Brett D'Oliveira missed out on a third straight century, but runs still flowed for the hosts as they enjoyed a good day against Sussex.

After putting on 113 for the first wicket with skipper Daryl Mitchell (43), D'Oliveira was out to a loose shot, cutting, after being stuck on 99.
But Joe Clarke continued the assault with 82 to help the hosts to 382-4.
Ross Whiteley (54*) and Tom Kohler-Cadmore (43*) were there at the close, having so far put on a stand of 101.
D'Oliveira's effort followed scores of 128 against Essex and 202 not out against Glamorgan.
This time last year, D'Oliveira was batting number eight for the county second XI, before taking his chance over the second half of the season.
His current hot streak even spilled into Birmingham League cricket on Saturday, when the 24-year-old converted opener made 150 for his local club Ombersley.
Worcestershire director of cricket Steve Rhodes:
"It's a good wicket. We know that this one goes through a little bit so it came on quite nicely for the batters. They still needed to bat well, because there are balls in it that can get you out.
"I was really pleased with the team batting effort. Daryl Mitchell and Brett D'Oliveira put in a good foundation.
"Dolly again played wonderfully, as did all the players - Joe Clarke coming in as he did, Tom Kohler Cadmore's contribution and then Ross Whiteley at the end. It was just a general good team effort."
Sussex head coach Mark Davis:
"It's been their day. They batted well. That said, I think they have given us a couple of wickets as well and that kept us going.
"Steve Magoffin was outstanding with the ball and Luke Wells showed he's ever improving as a leg spinner.
"Stuart Whittingham ran in and bowled quick as well, so there are a lot of good things to take."


Danes are going to the polls in a referendum on whether to adopt EU justice and policing laws, in a vote overshadowed by the Paris attacks.

The result is expected to be evenly poised between the Yes and No camps.
Denmark's centre-right government, backed by the opposition, wants to abandon some Danish opt-outs from EU home affairs legislation which were secured in 1993.
They say a No vote will mean losing membership of the Europol crime agency.
But the anti-immigration Danish People's Party (DPP), which props up Liberal Prime Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen's government in parliament, was calling on voters to reject the proposals, to avoid giving away further sovereignty to Brussels.
The referendum is being seen as a test of whether the Danes will accept or reject greater integration within a 28-member bloc that is being tested more than ever by the migrant crisis, the BBC's Gavin Lee reports from Copenhagen.
Although a Yes vote would not affect Denmark's opt-out on immigration, the DPP argues that it could eventually lead to immigration policies being dictated by the EU. The No campaign's logo is "More EU - No Thanks!"
Thursday's vote comes less than three weeks after jihadist gunmen launched co-ordinated attacks on Paris, murdering 130 people.
Yes campaigners say that cross-border terrorism and the refugee crisis cannot be solved without EU co-operation.
The government believes that without scrapping 22 exemptions on cyber crime, human trafficking and child sexual abuse, Denmark would have to leave Europol because the agency's legal basis changes in 2016.
Unlike Denmark, the UK and Ireland have opt-ins on justice and home affairs legislation, which enable them to choose whether to accept or reject legislation on a case-by-case basis.
Danes voted in 1992 to reject the Maastricht Treaty expanding the EU's powers. The Danish government then negotiated a series of exemptions from EU legislation. In 2000, Denmark also voted not to adopt the euro.
In August, Mr Rasmussen brought the vote forward to December to prevent it becoming caught up in the debate surrounding the UK's referendum which will decide whether it stays in or leaves the EU.
Days after the Danish referendum date was announced, the influx of migrants into northern Europe began, with hundreds crossing from Germany into Denmark.


The BBC's Autumnwatch returns to RSPB Leighton Moss nature reserve on the Lancashire coast this week.

Around 2.5m viewers watched last year's series, which showcased wildlife at the site, the largest reed bed in the North West.
Autumn is a good time to spot a wide range of species at the Silverdale reserve, near Morecambe Bay.
Male stags clash in their breeding season, known as the rut, at this time of year. A female hind is only fertile for a few days each year so competition for a mate is fierce.
Deers' behaviour can change during the rut and it is recommended that people and dogs don't go near the testosterone-fuelled stags, who can be aggressive.
Dawn and dusk are the best times to see these majestic creatures - the largest residents at Leighton Moss - lock horns.
Another autumn highlight is the dance of starlings at sunset. New camera technology will provide insights into why the birds flock in this mesmerising way, known as mumurations.
Annabel Rushton from RSPB Leighton Moss says: "Starlings are present in Britain all year round.
"However, during the autumn, we get migrant starlings over from Europe which causes a swell in numbers and leads to the murmurations at this time of year in particular."
Leighton Moss is also one of the best places in the UK to see bearded tits. However the birds' name is considered misleading because they sport more of a Hulk Hogan moustache than a beard.
Their call has also been compared to a musical sneeze.
The species' population has declined due to a loss of reed bed habitats worldwide.
Ms Rushton says conservation efforts to create and protect reed beds means "bearded tits are doing much better in the UK".
But after a mild winter and relatively decent summer, she says 25 adult pairs and 61 young - "a healthy population" - are nesting at the reserve.
Otters are also at Leighton Moss all year round, playing in the water and catching eels.
"They can be seen best in the early mornings and at dusk. During summer and autumn, the mother has her young out with her in the day making them easier to spot," says Ms Rushton.
On the edge of Morecambe Bay, where mudflats and salt marsh provide food for several birds, RSPB Leighton Moss is ideal for many species.
"Morecambe Bay is the size of Manchester and is a canteen for 250,000 birds each year, feeding on the rich variety of creatures that live in the mud," says Ms Rushton.
Autumnwatch starts on BBC Two on Tuesday 28th October at 20:00 GMT


Everton and Republic of Ireland star Darron Gibson has been charged in connection with an alleged hit-and-run crash with a cyclist.

The midfielder, 27, was detained on Sunday after police received reports a cyclist had been struck by a car which then hit a pump at a petrol station.
Mr Gibson is accused of driving with excess alcohol, after the crashes in Altrincham, Greater Manchester.
He is due before Trafford Magistrates' Court on 1 September.
A Greater Manchester Police spokesman said the cyclist was unhurt.
It is alleged he was behind the wheel of his black Nissan Skyline GT-R Nismo car when the crashes happened close to his home.
Greater Manchester Police said Mr Gibson was charged with driving without due care and attention, driving with excess alcohol and failing to stop after a road traffic collision.
"This is in relation to an incident on Sunday August 16 where police were called to reports that a car had collided with a cyclist on Park Road, Trafford, and failed to stop before pulling into a petrol station on nearby Dunham Road and colliding with a pump," a spokesman said.
Londonderry-born Gibson began his career at Manchester United before joining Everton in 2012 for a fee of about Â£1m.  He is currently recovering from a groin injury.
An Everton FC spokesman declined to comment.


A party named the Literal Democrats won 10,000 votes in the 1994 European elections, as the Liberal Democrat candidate Adrian Sanders lost the Devon and East Plymouth constituency to the Conservatives by just 700 votes.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
17 November 2014 Last updated at 17:24 GMT
Mr Sanders, now the Lib Dem MP for Torbay, said his party would challenge the result in the High Court. It is believed many voters had opted for Literal Democrat candidate Richard Huggett in error.
Although the court case failed, Mr Huggett's tactics led to the Registration of Political Parties Act 1998, which outlawed the use of names in elections designed to cause confusion with more established parties.
Clip taken from BBC News, first broadcast 13 June 1994


Thousands of workers are being priced out of challenging discrimination or unfair dismissal, according to a trade union body.

Fewer people are taking claims to an employment tribunal because of fees of up to £1,200, the TUC said.
It found that the number of workers filing such cases had fallen from 16,000 a month to 7,000 since the fees were introduced in 2013.
This included a large reduction in cases on sexism, racism and disability.
TUC General Secretary Frances O'Grady is calling on the government to scrap the tribunal fees because, she said, "people are being priced out of justice".
However, the Ministry of Justice said it was "right that those who use our tribunals should contribute to the £71m cost of running the service".
Analysing government figures, the TUC found unfair dismissal claims have fallen by 73% since 2012-13, the year before the introduction of the fees.
Discrimination cases on grounds of sex have dropped by 71%, race by 58% and disability by 54%, it found.
Frances O'Grady said: "These figures show a huge drop in workers seeking justice when they've been unfairly treated.
"The evidence is there for all to see. These fees - of up to £1,200, even if you're on the minimum wage - are pricing out thousands each month from pursuing cases."
Workers on the minimum wage have to pay the fee if a member of their family has savings of £3,000.
One woman who worked for a large media company says she was discriminated against when she was pregnant, but "by the time we felt confident that I could have won a tribunal we didn't have the money for the initial fee", she told the BBC.
The government launched the Help with Fees scheme last year, which waives or reduces the charges for the most vulnerable workers.
A Ministry of Justice spokesperson said it was also keen to promote alternative ways of resolving disputes where possible.
The TUC says the introduction of fees three years ago, for those taking tribunal claims, has priced people out of justice.
So ahead of the Autumn Statement, it's piling pressure on the government to scrap them.
Speaking on the BBC, Frances O'Grady had this challenge for the prime minister.
"We heard from Theresa May that she wanted to govern for the many, not the few," she said. "Here's one of the first real practical tests, scrap those fees and ensure that all workers have access to justice."
Others have concerns about the fees too. In June the Justice Select Committee warned that major changes were urgently needed to restore an acceptable level of access to the employment tribunals system.
The TUC is also calling on the Ministry of Justice to urgently publish a review on the impact of fees which was due by the end of last year.
The department says the review will be published in due course.


Defending champion Mark Selby reached the second round of the World Championship by thrashing Fergal O'Brien 10-2 at the Crucible Theatre.

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Leicester's Selby, who beat Ding Junhui in last year's final, looked on course for a whitewash by going 8-0 ahead.
Irishman O'Brien claimed the ninth and 11th to avoid becoming only the second player to exit without winning a frame, but Selby wrapped up the match.
He will face either Wales' Ryan Day or China's Xiao Guodong in the next round.
Selby has enjoyed a stellar season - claiming four ranking titles, including this month's China Open, though no player has followed that by winning the world title in the same season.
The world number one made top breaks of 92, 77 and 66 as he began his attempt to win his third title at the Sheffield venue, which is holding the event for a 40th year.
"I'm very happy to get through and happy with the scoreline but my performance could have been better," Selby said. "I was not killing enough frames off in the first visit and would have liked to have capitalised on them.
"I would like to win every tournament I play in. I am confident and I am playing well enough.
"Even if I don't play well, I have a never-say-die attitude and you have to scrape me off the table.
"I was gutted not to go 9-0 because I know the history that there has only been one whitewash here. I was devastated to go in after the first session at 8-1."
Having made light work of O'Brien, Selby has almost a week off, returning to action next Saturday.
Dubliner O'Brien came through qualifying by beating David Gilbert in a final-frame decider - the longest frame in snooker history, timed at two hours, three minutes and 41 seconds.
But he struggled badly in the first-round encounter, managing a high break of just 32, although he avoided the ignominy of joining Eddie Charlton - who lost 10-0 to John Parrott in 1992 - as the only players not to win a frame at the championship.
He has now lost six successive meetings against Selby, claiming just four frames in a run stretching back to 2006.
"When I won my first frame, it was good because the crowd were so supportive and willing me not to get the whitewash," said O'Brien.
In an all-Scottish tie, qualifier Stephen Maguire claimed eight frames in a row to trounce Anthony McGill 10-2.
Maguire, who has won five ranking titles, has fallen to 24th in the world but was in good scoring form, compiling breaks of 97, 66 and 60 to go through.
Meanwhile, five-time champion Ronnie O'Sullivan was pegged back to a 5-4 lead over debutant Gary Wilson.
Former taxi driver Wilson fell 5-1 behind but took the last three frames of the session, including the ninth having needed snookers.
On the other table, Kyren Wilson leads 5-4 against Crucible first-timer David Grace.
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England are into the semi-finals of the Champions Trophy after beating New Zealand by 87 runs with an accomplished all-round display.

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On a cold, blustery and sometimes wet day in Cardiff, England had set a total of 310, Joe Root top-scoring with 64 from 65 balls and Jos Buttler making a rapid unbeaten 61.
With their reply at 158-2 after 30 overs and captain Kane Williamson on 87, New Zealand appeared to be timing the chase with precision.
But Mark Wood's clever cross-seam delivery saw off Williamson, and when the experienced Ross Taylor fell 10 runs later England took control.
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It means they can afford to lose their final group match, against Australia on Saturday, and still qualify for the last four.
New Zealand must now beat Bangladesh here on Friday and hope Australia do not win, their own rain-abandoned fixture against Steve Smith's men continuing to haunt them.
When these two sides met at the last 50-over World Cup there was a chasm between them, England seemingly playing cricket from a different, slower era, outplayed by a team alive with innovation.
On Tuesday they produced a true team display: each of their five bowlers picking up at least one wicket, four of their top six batsmen getting in the runs.
Liam Plunkett finished with four wickets, taking three of the last four to fall, but it was arguably Adil Rashid who was the pick, the leg-spinner's 2-47 off his 10 overs a fine display in a ground with short straight boundaries and in weather conditions far from ideal for slow bowling.
Jake Ball had clean-bowled the dangerous Luke Ronchi in the first over of New Zealand's reply, and with Wood's fine dismissal of Williamson and Ben Stokes getting through eight overs unhindered by his recent knee problems, it was a rewarding afternoon for the home attack.
Both Williamson and Taylor appeared unhappy with the behaviour of the pitch, Taylor being hit on the helmet grille by ball that leapt off a length, but it was trepidation about what the ball might do as much as what it actually did that stymied their efforts.
Three of England's top six had made half-centuries and another, Stokes, came within two runs.
There was more disappointment for Jason Roy, the opener making just 13. His last seven one-day international innings have now brought a cumulative total of just 47.
A run-a-ball partnership of 81 between Alex Hales and Root was ended when Hales was bowled by Adam Milne for 56, and Root then went the same way, bottom-edging an ugly pull off Corey Anderson.
Stokes was the next to regret the manner of his dismissal, ramping a short ball from Milne straight down the throat of third man.
It was left to Buttler to accelerate the effort towards the end, one scoop-shot flicked over his own head and on to the television gantry for a brilliant six.
New Zealand seemed content with that target, only for England's bowlers to make a far tougher proposition.
With two assured wins from two, Eoin Morgan's men have underlined their status as pre-tournament favourites and they will head into the knockout stages in bullish mood.
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Former England spinner Graeme Swann on Test Match Special: "Ben Stokes, who made 48, is batting with an air of arrogance these days. He looked brilliant. It's horrible for a bowler when somebody is so dominant at the other end they are swaggering about the place. He's like Matthew Hayden when he's in form, or Mark Waugh at his best. He's got an arrogant swagger about him."
Former England spinner Vic Marks on TMS: "This was one of England's most polished performances in the field that I can recall. They found something in the pitch the Kiwis didn't discover.
"The seamers were really disciplined. The fielders caught everything which came their way, with the exception of an Adil Rashid caught and bowled. They set the tone at the start, weathered the storm in the middle and got the key wicket of Williamson."
Ex-New Zealand captain Jeremy Coney on TMS: "England have had two very good victories. They played the superior cricket today. They had to handle the cooler part of the day, some very strong wind which they were probably unaccustomed to, they lost the toss but they always looked in control of the game."
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New Zealand captain Kane Williamson: "I think the nature of the English batting line-up is they bat deep, with a lot of power. To be able to restrict them was not a bad effort but I thought they got to an above-par score.
"I think in all areas England outplayed us today. It was very tough out there but credit to the way they went about their business.
"We were trying to get the partnership, get momentum. We were trying to increase the run-rate to make the last 10, 15 overs a good opportunity to chase down the total."
England captain Eoin Morgan: "Being in the semis is pretty good. We're not satisfied with that, we have a long way to go before we perform to our potential."


Drugs with an estimated street value of more than £215,000 have been seized in the Isle of Man over the past three months, police have revealed.

Police said 15 arrests were made at the island's ports last year and a number of "notable seizures" of heroin, cocaine and cannabis were made.
Chief Constable Gary Roberts said "stopping the evil trade in Class A drugs remains a top priority".
There were six drug-related deaths in the island in 2015.
Home Affairs Minister Juan Watterson said the deaths "highlight the devastating impact that drugs can have on a community."
"The Isle of Man takes a robust stance against drug crime and those involved in trafficking can expect lengthy prison sentences."


His initials are on every British coin minted since 2015, but who is the Jiu Jitsu enthusiast who designed the Queen's head, despite never having met her?

He is an artist whose most famous portrait has been reproduced billions of times, and you probably have one in your pocket right now.
But chances are you never will have heard of Jody Clark.
Pull out any British coin minted since 2015 and look carefully enough and there are his initials - beneath the Queen's head.
The quietly-spoken designer's portrait of the Queen was chosen from scores of designs to appear on British coins.
It is only the fifth since she first took to the throne in 1952 and, with the phasing out of the old round pound coin, will soon be the only effigy on £1 coins.
But, as he sits down and swings gently on his office chair at the Royal Mint in Llantrisant, clasping his hands and looking nervous, it is difficult to believe Mr Clark, from Cardiff, is behind the portrait.
The 36-year-old's background in art is a far cry from the classically trained sculptors who have previously modelled the Queen's head for coins.
While his predecessor, Ian Rank-Broadley, trained at the famous Slade School of Fine Art, Mr Clark designed DVD boxes and other packaging after graduating from the University of Central Lancashire.
And rather than focusing on more traditional subjects, Mr Clark, originally from Bowness on Windermere, in the Lake District, has a passion for Jiu Jitsu, which he explores through art.
He has drawn pictures of samurai and people in martial art holds, as well as dragons.
But Mr Clark says his past experience of working with packaging and his "obsession" with Jiu Jitsu have helped inspire his coins designs.
He added: "Designing packaging involved embossing - which meant taking account [of] using different thicknesses of material, so in that way it was similar to designing a coin."
Mr Clark landed a job at the Royal Mint in 2014, and the following year the competition - open to sculptors and coin designers - to make the Queen's head came up - for the first time in 17 years.
But instead of having an official sitting with the Queen like some of his predecessors, Mr Clark worked solely from photographs.
"Everyone that entered the competition got supplied with the same reference imagery, they are photos taken for sculptural purposes, so the lighting is done in ways to get the form across," said Mr Clark.
"Then there are constraints specified too - the Queen had to face a certain way, generally in profile because that works best.
"I also looked online to find pictures of her in a more natural setting. I wanted to add just a little bit of warmth to her expression, not quite smiling, but just a subtle upturn of the lips."
Mr Clark also had to decide what jewellery the Queen would wear in the picture.
"I got to dress her up in what I thought would work best," he said. "So, I researched what she wears and when she wears it and decided to go for the crown she generally wears to state openings and state visits, as I thought that was quite appropriate.
"It took me about a week to sketch the design and put it on the computer, and another week and a bit for the 3D model."
This went to the Royal Mint Advisory committee, a panel of experts from sculpture, architecture, history and art, who choose the design.
They picked Mr Clark's - making him the youngest designer of the Queen's effigy - but suggested some changes, which included removing the necklace and spacing the lettering differently.
He said: "I agreed with taking the necklace off - it makes for a neater design, and I had the option to add my initials, so I said yes, I wanted that."
The design then went to the Chancellor and the Queen for approval.
Mr Clark said: "I got an email through from the Royal Office which just said 'Design H has been approved', so I think that means she liked it.
"But after that I didn't realise what a big thing it was going to be," said Mr Clark.
"I returned from paternity leave the day before the design was unveiled in London, so it was pretty intense coming back to that.
"To this day, I don't introduce myself as the man who designed the Queen's head, although my friends or family normally jump in and say it now to embarrass me."
He said he still gets a buzz from seeing people use coins with the effigy on.
"It is a nice feeling to see my design out there in the world, being used by everyone in the UK. It is going to be quite hard to top," he said.
"My son Joel is now two, so he has the same initials as me. One day I hope he'll be able to say to his mates 'my dad designed that' and be proud."


Celtic striker Leigh Griffiths has yet to score for Scotland but is ready to lead the line against Slovenia despite admitting he is "rusty".

The 26-year-old, who has 11 caps, has been on the bench for his club for much of this season.
But he will start ahead of Scotland's four other strikers.
"Am I a bit rusty right now? Yeah, but as a striker you need to be ready whether you're starting the game or coming off the bench," said Griffiths.
"The gaffer has kept us on our toes this week with the tempo of training."
Griffiths scored 40 goals for Celtic last season but was given only 15 minutes of action during the whole of Scotland's failed Euro 2016 qualifying campaign.
He had found Sheffield Wednesday's Steven Fletcher, Norwich City's Steven Naismith and Chris Martin, currently on loan at Fulham from Derby County, chosen ahead of him by head coach Gordon Strachan.
And Fletcher's clubmate, Jordan Rhodes, is the only player to be playing regularly for his club at present.
But Griffiths has still managed 14 goals in 33 appearances for Celtic this season despite finding himself second choice behind summer signing Moussa Dembele.
He was given half an hour along with Rhodes as replacements for Naismith and Martin in Wednesday's 1-1 friendly draw with Canada.
Strachan admits that, with the Scots fifth in qualifying Group F, his side must beat the second-placed Slovenians to retain hopes of reaching the 2018 World Cup finals in Russia.
Griffiths feels he can cope with such pressure despite admitting to nerves as he looks to score his first international goal.
"Maybe I am trying too hard and I just need to relax a little bit more," he said ahead of Sunday evening's game at Hampden.
"I want to try and break my duck for Scotland as quickly as possible.
"It's frustrating for a striker, not scoring, but it's not about me - it's about the team and how I can help them to get the three points."
Strachan's future is on the line should his strategy fail, but Griffiths insists the squad is fully behind the former Celtic manager.
"There's a lot of things said about the gaffer that is probably unfair," said the striker. "We as players need to take on that criticism as well.
"Everybody loves coming away with Scotland and playing for the gaffer.
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"I've seen things with people saying he should resign and this and that.
"But us as players, we want to get a good win and three points, which would put us just a point behind Slovenia with the England game coming up in the summer.
"We still feel we're going in the right direction under the gaffer.
"Everyone is still playing for the same cause. We want to get to the World Cup as much as anybody.
"The results recently haven't been good, but one win changes everything.
"In football, you always need a bit of luck, but we have got enough in this squad to get the win."


Shrewsbury Town's teenage midfielder Josh Ginnelly has joined Championship side Burnley on a three-year deal for an undisclosed fee.

Ginnelly, 18, made three substitute appearances for Shrewsbury last term, following his debut against Luton Town.
After starting his career with Aston Villa's academy, Ginnelly joined Shrewsbury in 2013.
"I hope he goes on to be a huge success and shows the potential that he has," said Town boss Micky Mellon.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Manchester United manager Jose Mourinho has "no idea" what is happening with a mooted move for Ivan Perisic.

The Inter Milan winger has been linked with a £48m switch to Old Trafford.
United representatives have visited Milan in an effort to negotiate a deal, but the 28-year-old will be in the Inter squad when they leave for their Far East tour on Tuesday.
Asked for an update after United's 2-1 win over Real Salt Lake, Mourinho said: "No idea. No idea my friend. No idea."
There are some suggestions Inter wanted to include 21-year-old France forward Anthony Martial as part of the deal.
Perisic has been named in the Inter squad to travel to Shanghai, China.
They have matches against French side Lyon and German champions Bayern Munich before facing Premier League champions Chelsea in Singapore on 29 July.


Eastleigh edged Bromley 2-1 to end their four-match winless run in the National League.

Scott Wilson gave the hosts a reward for their early dominance by firing in from close range after nine minutes as Bromley failed to clear their lines.
The hosts continued to force the issue, with Craig McAllister looking dangerous, and Bromley had to wait until the 36th minute to register their first shot as they deservedly went in 1-0 down at the break.
Sam Matthews made it 2-0 to the hosts with eight minutes remaining and that was enough to clinch the win, although 60 seconds later Jordan Higgs set up a nervy finish with a Bromley consolation.
Match report supplied by Press Association.
Match ends, Eastleigh 2, Bromley 1.
Second Half ends, Eastleigh 2, Bromley 1.
Substitution, Eastleigh. Ayo Obileye replaces Sam Matthews.
Blair Turgott (Bromley) is shown the yellow card.
Michael Green (Eastleigh) is shown the yellow card.
Goal!  Eastleigh 2, Bromley 1. Jordan Higgs (Bromley).
Goal!  Eastleigh 2, Bromley 0. Sam Matthews (Eastleigh).
Substitution, Bromley. Alan Dunne replaces Shane McLoughlin.
Substitution, Bromley. Shabazz Omofe replaces Connor Dymond.
Substitution, Eastleigh. James Constable replaces Scott Wilson.
Lee Minshull (Bromley) is shown the yellow card.
Substitution, Bromley. Bradley Goldberg replaces George Porter.
Paul Reid (Eastleigh) is shown the yellow card.
Gavin Hoyte (Eastleigh) is shown the yellow card.
Adam Dugdale (Eastleigh) is shown the yellow card.
Second Half begins Eastleigh 1, Bromley 0.
First Half ends, Eastleigh 1, Bromley 0.
Goal!  Eastleigh 1, Bromley 0. Scott Wilson (Eastleigh).
First Half begins.
Lineups are announced and players are warming up.


Brechin City replaced Alloa Athletic at the top of Scottish League One after beating Stranraer by a single goal, Andy Jackson getting the winner.

Alloa - now third - lost 2-1 at home to Airdrieonians, while Livingston moved up to second with a 2-1 win at Peterhead.
Peterhead slip to bottom with Stenhousemuir's 1-0 win away to East Fife taking them up to ninth.
And Albion Rovers were 2-0 winners over Queen's Park, who are a point ahead of Stenny.
At Stair Park, it was goalless until Jackson struck in the 75th minute.
Livi went behind to Peterhead early on, Fiacre Kelleher heading the hosts ahead.
However, strikes by Danny Mullen - one either side of half-time - turned the match in Livi's favour.
Andy Ryan's shot and one from Ryan Conroy put Airdrie in control away to Alloa, who replied through Greig Spence's strike.
The only goal at Bayview was a Colin McMenamin penalty, awarded for a hand-ball by the Fifers' player-manager, Gary Naysmith.
And, in Coatbridge, Ryan Wallace's late strike added to Steven Boyd's long-range first-half effort as Rovers ran out comfortable winners.


The last of Syria's declared chemical weapons have been shipped out of the country for destruction, the international watchdog OPCW says.

"The ship has just left the port," the head of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, Ahmet Uzumcu, said in The Hague.
An investigation into alleged use of chlorine in Syria's civil war is still ongoing, Mr Uzumcu added.
More than 160,000 people have died in three years of the Syrian conflict.
The operation to completely destroy Syria's chemical weapons stockpile was meant to have been completed by 30 June but is now several months behind schedule.
Fighting and the threat of attack by rebel groups severely delayed the removal of the weapons, analysts say.
The Syrian government approved the initiative last year after a chemical weapons attack outside Damascus left hundreds of people dead.
The US had threatened missile strikes on military sites in the country.
The final 8% of the 1,300-tonne stockpile was loaded on to ships in the Syrian port of Latakia on Monday, Mr Uzumcu said.
The chemical cargo is being shipped to a specially modified US naval vessel, the MV Cape Ray.
The destruction of the most toxic agents will take place on board, at an undisclosed location somewhere in the Mediterranean Sea.
The remaining chemicals will be destroyed in Finland, the US and Britain.
However, the BBC's Anna Holligan says many military experts suspect President Bashar al-Assad may not have revealed the full extent of his chemical capabilities.
A recent OPCW fact finding mission concluded that chlorine gas is likely to have been used in "systematic attacks" in Syria.
Mr Uzumcu said the consequent investigation into use of chlorine, which is being jointly carried out with the UN, "may take a little more time."
Chlorine is an industrial chemical and was not part of the weapons stockpile that Syria agreed to hand over. However, use of it as a weapon would contravene conventions signed by President Assad.
Syria's chemical weapons
•21 August 2013: Chemical weapons attack in Ghouta region near Damascus
•14 September: US and Russia agree deal on destruction of Syria's chemical weapons
•31 December: Initial deadline for removal of most dangerous "Priority One" chemicals from Syria - missed
•4 February 2014: Initial deadline for removal of less hazardous "Priority Two" chemicals - missed
•27 April: Revised deadline for removal of all chemical stocks from Syria - missed
•30 June: Deadline for destruction of Syria's entire chemical arsenal - missed
Destroying Syria's chemical weapons
Syria chemical weapons removal plan


A police chief, cleared of misconduct, has apologised for upsetting officers after being told to by investigators.

Sue Sim, chief constable of Northumbria, admitted raising her voice out of "frustration" at "significant challenges" faced by the force.
Recorder Joel Bennathan QC investigated Ms Sim's conduct after officers complained to Police and Crime Commissioner Vera Baird about rudeness.
But, he concluded said there had been no breach of standards.
Sue Sim, who led the manhunt for Raoul Moat in 2010, has previously said she will retire in June after 30 years' service.
Ms Baird said if she were not retiring, Ms Sim would have been sent on a management training course to "moderate" her style.
The commissioner also said she had directed Ms Sim to apologise to two particular officers.
Ms Sim said: "I have always accepted that there have been times when I have raised my voice. This has always been about work-related issues and, as a result of the significant challenges we faced, my frustration at the speed of progress.
"It was never my intention to cause any upset and, if I did, then obviously I apologise wholeheartedly.
"I am saddened that some senior members of the organisation chose to act in this manner and have also raised my concerns with the commissioner in respect of the motivations and intent of some of those involved in making complaints against me."


Arsenal, Chelsea, Manchester City and Manchester United will find out their Champions League group stage rivals when the draw is made on Thursday.

Chelsea are in pot one alongside fellow seeds Barcelona, Bayern Munich, Benfica, Juventus, Paris St Germain, Zenit St Petersburg and PSV Eindhoven.
Arsenal, City and United are in pot two, along with Real Madrid, Atletico Madrid, Porto and Valencia.
The 32 teams in the draw will be put into eight groups of four.
In a change to previous seasons, pot one will be made up of holders Barcelona and league winners of the top seven European leagues - Spain, England, Germany, Italy, Portugal, France and Russia - rather than being based on club co-efficients.
As Spanish side Barcelona won last season's competition, Dutch champions PSV go into the top pot as Netherlands are the eighth-ranked association.
A team from each of the four pots will be drawn into the eight groups, with no more than one team from any one country in each group.
Spain are the first nation to have five teams qualify for the Champions League group stages this season.
Valencia beat Monaco in a Champions League qualifying play-off to reach the last 32 and they joined Atletico Madrid, Barcelona, Real Madrid and Sevilla, who qualified as Europa League winners.
Spanish teams have won four of the last seven Champions League, with Barcelona defeating Juventus in May's final.
Spain also lead Uefa's club coefficient rankings  - the system used to decide which leagues get most qualifying spots for its competitions - by a considerable margin.
Manchester United have returned to the group stages following a one-season absence from the Champions League.
The Old Trafford club thrashed Club Brugge 7-1 in their qualifier but manager Louis Van Gaal is set to give the draw a miss.
"I think I shall watch the second team against Ajax because I think that is more important and I cannot do anything to impact on the draw," Van Gaal said.
One: Barcelona, Bayern Munich, Benfica, Chelsea, Juventus, Paris St. Germain, Zenit, PSV Eindhoven
Two: Arsenal, Atletico Madrid, Bayer Leverkusen, Manchester City, Manchester United, Real Madrid, Porto, Valencia
Three: CSKA Moscow, Dynamo Kiev, Lyon, Olympiakos, Galatasaray, Roma, Shakhtar Donetsk, Sevilla
Four: Astana, BATE Borisov, Borussia Monchengladbach, Wolfsburg, Dinamo Zagreb, Maccabi Tel-Aviv, Gent, Malmo


Tom Westley starred as Essex clinched a first One-Day Cup win of the season by beating Hampshire by 25 runs.

Westley (93) and Alastair Cook (39) put on 102 runs together before Liam Dawson (2-40) bowled Cook to leave them 103-2.
Varun Chopra (26) and Adam Wheater (30) made contributions before Ashar Zaidi smashed 72 not out off 40 balls to give Essex a competitive score of 304-7.
James Vince (68) and George Bailey (63) gave Hampshire a chance, but they lost regular wickets to end on 279.
Hampshire beat Kent to open their One-Day Cup campaign with a win on Thursday and started perfectly when Reece Topley bowled Nick Browne with his third ball, but Essex made progress through former England Test captain Cook and Westley.
The duo gave them a platform but the away side fought back to reduce Essex to 195-6, when Gareth Berg ran out captain Ryan ten Doeschate for just two runs.
That brought Zaidi to the crease and the all-rounder counter-attacked to great effect, hitting four sixes and six fours to push Essex's total beyond 300.
Essex top scorer Tom Westley told BBC Radio Essex:
"That's the beauty of Ash. It was a game-changing innings. He is made for those situations.
"Him and Tendo (ten Doeschate) coming in with 15-20 overs to go is very dangerous for the opposition but brilliant for us.
"The wicket of Bailey was crucial and Ravi getting Vince out was key as well because they had a nice partnership going."
Hampshire captain James Vince told BBC Solent:
"We weren't at our best. The main difference was we didn't have someone to go on and get a big score. Ideally you go on and get 80 or 100.
"I don't think 305 was a lot to chase. The way the boundaries are here, and it was a pretty good pitch, at the halfway stage we would have taken that.
"With the boundaries as small as they are, a few were leading edges went for six. That can happen.  e'll take this one on the chin and hopefully bounce back against Middlesex on Wednesday."


A senior Leicestershire Police officer and his wife have appeared in court charged with perverting the course of justice over a speeding incident.

Assistant Chief Constable Gordon Fraser, 48, and his wife Teresa, 42, also a serving officer, appeared at St Albans Magistrates' Court.
They are accused of falsely claiming she was the driver of a speeding car in Scotland in September, when it is alleged her husband was at the wheel.
Both were bailed until 22 October.
The speeding is alleged to have happened in Strathclyde, but the couple live in Ansley in Warwickshire.
Mrs Fraser works for West Midlands Police but has been suspended from duty.
Mr Fraser worked for West Midlands Police for 22 years before moving to Leicestershire in 2010.
Leicestershire Police said he had been suspended from duty over a separate matter.
The couple were asked to stand outside the dock at the court as the charge was read out.
Neither of them spoke during the hearing.
The next hearing will be at St Albans Crown Court.


A man accused of the 1998 murder of Surjit Singh Chhokar laughed and joked with his nephew as they discussed harming him, a court has heard.

Donna Campbell, 33, told the High Court in Glasgow that Ronnie and Andrew Coulter made the comments on the day that Mr Chhokar was fatally stabbed.
She was giving evidence in the trial of Ronnie Coulter, who denies murder.
He has lodged a special defence blaming his nephew Andrew Coulter and another man, David Montgomery.
Mr Coulter, 48, from Wishaw, denies murdering 32-year-old Mr Chhokar in Garrion Street, Overtown, North Lanarkshire, on 4 November 1998 by stabbing him.
Giving evidence during the third week of the trial, Ms Campbell told prosecutor Alex Prentice QC that she was in Ronnie Coulter's flat in Caplaw Towers, Overtown, on the evening of 4 November 1998.
She was 15 at the time and had been Andrew Coulter's girlfriend for a couple of weeks.
The court was told that Ms Campbell and a friend, Corrine Chambers, were in the flat with Ronnie and Andrew Coulter and the men were talking about meeting Mr Chhokar later that night concerning a Â£100 Giro cheque.
Initially when she was asked about the conversation Ms Campbell said: "I can't remember. I just remember laughing and joking about Chhokar.
Mr Prentice asked: "What was said," and she replied: "It was about Chhokar getting hit on the knees with a bat."
She was asked what else was said and said she could not remember.
Mr Prentice took her through a statement she gave to police on 3 August 2012 in which she stated: "Ronnie and Andrew were laughing and joking about going to see Chhokar.
"I remember one of them, either Ronnie or Andrew, saying they were going to batter him."
He asked if that was the truth.
Miss Campbell replied: "Yes."
She was then asked if she could remember anything else of the conversation and said: "There was something about throwing Chhokar off a bridge."
Under cross-examination, defence QC Donald Findlay said to Ms Campbell: "You have described a conversation between Ronnie and Andrew which was not a particularly nice conversation," and she replied: "No."
Mr Findlay went on: "You said it was joking or light-hearted," and Ms Campbell agreed.
The QC added: "You did not at the time think you were listening to a conversation talking about going off to do serious violence to another person," and she replied: "Not really."
Mr Finlay went on: "What you had were two men talking big to impress two young girls," and Ms Campbell said: "Probably."
The jury has already heard that Ronnie and Andrew Coulter and David Montgomery went to meet Mr Chhokar at 23:30 in Garrion Street.
They encountered him as he arrived home by car after finishing a shift at the restaurant where he worked.
Minutes later he lay dying in the street.
The trial before judge Lord Matthews continues.


Police in the southern Indian state of Kerala have arrested the mother and stepfather of a teenage girl for allegedly forcing her into the sex trade for two years.

The 13-year-old has been rescued and taken to a state-run shelter home.
She has told counsellors that her parents would solicit customers and force her to have sex with the men.
Her mother has told a news channel that she would charge 3,000 rupees (Â£30; $47) from a customer for her daughter.
Police said they had identified 25 of the 40 customers who had allegedly paid for sex with the teenager.
Ten others, including a broker, have also been arrested in connection with the case.
The 37-year-old mother has seven children - the oldest is 24 years old and the youngest is aged four.
Her 55-year-old husband worked as a driver and would solicit customers showing the girl's photograph, police said.
The family lived in a rented house in the town of Kottakal in Malappuram district in the north of the state.
In 2011, police in Kerala arrested the father of a 17-year-old girl for forcing her to have sex for money with up to 200 men.
Twenty-nine others were arrested in connection with the case.


Mobile network EE is expanding its Power Bar recall to include all copies of its smartphone charger.

The firm had previously called back about 500,000 units because they posed a safety risk. At least one person suffered burns after a device exploded.
The extension covers about a further million copies of the kit.
"We are taking this action because we are aware of a very small number of further incidents where Power Bars have overheated," EE said.
The firm began offering the devices to its customers in April. Users were able to exchange depleted ones for fully-charged units in its shops, but could also recharge them via a USB connection.
Although consumers did not have to pay for the Power Bars, the firm is offering a Â£20 voucher to those who return the devices.
"Keeping our customers safe is extremely important to us, and that's why we're taking this voluntary and precautionary action," EE added.


Two hospital trusts in the East of England have moved a step closer to integrating clinical services.

The NHS trust boards of Ipswich and Colchester Hospitals have voted to develop plans for a single combined organisation to care for patients.
The two hospitals already have a joint chief executive, Nick Hulme, and will decide on a full merger next year.
Mr Hulme said: "We now have the challenge of setting out how we will create a new trust."
In the coming months, the trusts say they will be asking the public, patients, staff and stakeholders to help define how they can improve services.
Mr Hulme said it was a "landmark opportunity" to create the future for healthcare in the area.
A final decision to form a single organisation, which would also require approval from health regulators, is expected to be made in June 2018.
The union Unison has been asked to comment on the plans.


The International Dog Dancing Championships have taken place in Freiburg in Germany.

4 November 2015 Last updated at 08:23 GMT
The dogs and their owners performed a variety of dance styles at the competition.
Alex Weber, the organiser of the event, explains how it works.


The recent discovery of around 400 people living underneath an upscale Beijing apartment complex has shone fresh light on the Chinese capital's housing crunch.

On Saturday, a state radio report highlighted the existence of an underground warren of windowless rooms - with only one emergency exit - at Julong Gardens, located in the north-east of the city and popular with wealthy expatriates.
The tenants are among an estimated one million people known as shuzu - or rat tribe - who live in subdivided bomb shelters and bunkers built under Beijing in the 1970s and 1980s.
The China National Radio report (in Chinese) said that homeowners at Julong Gardens became suspicious when they began noticing more unfamiliar faces in their complex.
They eventually discovered the warren of hidden rooms behind a door in the basement of one of the complex's towers.
An underground space had been subdivided into worker dormitories - complete with kitchens and even a "smoking room" - and cramped single rooms.
The tenants were migrant workers, their living conditions a stark contrast to that of the aboveground residents of Julong Gardens, a spacious compound with several apartment blocks.
It is unclear whether the underground homes were legal - authorities are reportedly investigating. China National Radio said the basement space was owned by the local government but was likely to have been subleased.
Authorities used to encourage the use of such spaces for housing and other purposes, but in recent years have cracked down and stopped granting permits as units proliferated and sparked safety concerns.
In 2015 officials embarked on a massive eviction exercise with more than 120,000 shuzu kicked out for security reasons.
Many migrant workers and students turn to underground housing because of its cost, which according to some estimates can be as low as $20 (Â£16) a month for a space in a dormitory room.
The trend comes amid a relentless climb in rental prices in Beijing, which was found to have the least affordable rental housing in the world last year.
One recent survey (in Chinese) found the average monthly rent in Beijing last year had climbed to about 4,550 RMB ($666; Â£523), about 60% more than the 2010 figure.
But it is also because of China's household registration system called hukou, which ties a person's government benefits, including access to affordable housing, to their hometown.
Many migrant workers find it difficult and costly to transfer their hukou to another city.
On microblogging network Sina Weibo, the Julong Gardens case sparked a mixture of resignation and exasperation.
"So why come to Beijing to squeeze in like this? I really don't understand," said one user.
"Beijing welcomes you (but get out if you don't have money)," joked another.


Police are to conduct a review after Millwall fans were involved in crowd trouble during the League One play-off final with Barnsley at Wembley.

The incident occurred in the second half, as Barnsley won 3-1 to seal promotion back to the Championship.
"An altercation between a small number of fans occurred," New Scotland Yard said. "No arrests have been made at this stage and enquiries continue."
The Football Association and Millwall have both condemned those involved.
The London club said in a statement on their website: "Millwall Football Club deplores the actions of a small minority of its fans during the second half of Sunday's League One play-off final.
"Such behaviour is unacceptable and anyone found guilty of disorder will face life bans from the football club."
An FA statement said: "The FA condemns the disorder caused by a small number of fans. We will work closely with the clubs, the Football League and the Met Police to identify those involved and take appropriate action.
"We would like to take this opportunity to praise the actions of our stewards and the police, who responded responsibly under provocation."
The Police's statement added: "The Metropolitan Police Service will conduct a review and will liaise with the Football Association and the two clubs involved to identify those responsible and where necessary take the appropriate action."


Tunisians vote on 26 October in a parliamentary election, which they hope will see the end of a nearly-four year transition period which followed the ousting of President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali in 2011.

The "cradle of the Arab Spring" will this time see officials of the former government taking part in the election, prompting interim President Moncef Marzouki to call it a contest between "supporters of the revolution and supporters of the counter-revolution".
The system is based on proportional representation, with each of the country's regions having a fixed number of seats based on population.
Lists of candidates are drawn up by parties, coalitions and independents and endorsed by the overseeing body, the Independent High Authority for Elections (ISIE).
Some five million Tunisians have registered to vote. Candidates must be aged 23 or over and have held Tunisian nationality for at least 10 years.
According to ISIE, 49% of newly-registered voters are women. And the 26 January 2014 constitution introduced - for the first time in the Arab world - parity between men and women in elections.
The law stipulates that women should comprise 50% of all electoral lists and there must be an equal number of lists headed by women and men.
Tunisian women take a 'step backwards'
Tunisia's election process means that no party is likely to win a majority of seats in the renamed National Assembly. However, political observers agree - in the absence of opinion polls, which are banned during the campaign - that the favourites are the Islamist Ennahda Movement and their secular opponents, the liberal Nidaa Tounes (Tunisia's Call).
A number of other parties are in contention, including the centre-ground secular Congress for the Republic (CPR) and secular Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberty (FDTL or Ettakatol) and those led by former officials of Ben Ali's regime.
Most candidates claim to have the economy at the heart of their campaign, realising that poverty and unemployment were the main factors that triggered the 14 January revolution in 2011.
Ennahda won 89 of 217 seats in 2011 and led a coalition government with CPR and FDTL. It lost power in January following street protests but hopes to make a comeback. It has said it is willing to form a coalition with any other party.
Nidaa Tounes wants to rally nationalist and liberal supporters to weaken the position of Ennahda. It was founded by Beji Caid Essebsi, a former transitional prime minister, and enjoys the support of the Tunisian General Labour Union and some business groups. Nidaa says it will not contemplate any coalition with Ennahda until that groups "clarifies" its relationship with the Muslim Brotherhood across the Middle East and North Africa.
Congress for the Republic (CPR) is led by interim President Marzouki and won 29 seats in 2011.
Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties was founded in 1994 by National Constituent Assembly Speaker Mustapha Ben Djaafar. It won 20 seats in 2011.
Popular Front is a coalition of five left-wing and Baathist parties led by Hamma Hammami. It played an important role in mobilising street protests to bring down two Ennahda-led governments. The Front parties, however, do not seem to have significant electoral support.
The al-Qaeda-affiliated Okba Ibn Nafaa battalion, active on Tunisia's border with Algeria, has threatened to disrupt the election.
Interior Minister Lotfi Ben Jeddou has said his ministry has plans in hand to deal with the "terrorist" threat, which he described as "serious". Tunisia is to mobilize 50,000 security officers and nearly 20,000 soldiers to secure the election.
Tunisians have shown only "lukewarm interest", according to al-Jazeera TV on 20 October. Tunisian academic Abdellatif Hanachi told al-Jazeera that this is partly because of the difficult economic and social conditions in the country.
He added that voter apathy was due to a "sense of frustration" among a broad section of people at the failure to fulfil revolutionary promises. However, he concluded that this could all change on polling day, as it did in 2011.
BBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV, radio, web and print media around the world. For more reports from BBC Monitoring, click here. You can follow BBC Monitoring on Twitter and Facebook.


Darren Bravo's 87 helped West Indies fight back against Pakistan on day three of the day-night Test in Dubai.

Wahab Riaz's fiery spell put the hosts in the ascendency before Mohammad Nawaz picked up his maiden Test wicket as he induced a Bravo inside edge behind.
West Indies closed on 315-6, needing 65 runs to avoid the follow-on after Pakistan's 579-3 declared.
Questions were raised again over the pink Kookaburra ball as it was replaced after 55 overs, having lost its shape.
Sohail Khan, the only bowler to swing the pink ball so far, trapped Marlon Samuels lbw for an attacking 76 to break the 35-year-old's 113-run third-wicket partnership with Bravo in the first Test of a three-match series.
Bravo's defiant innings, which included nines fours and a six, lasted 258 balls as he showed the resilience that has been missing from many of the visitors' batsmen since their arrival in the United Arab Emirates.
BBC Sport's Kalika Mehta in Dubai:
Darren Bravo's patient innings showed a maturity to gauge the match situation even on an extremely flat pitch.
After losing Kraigg Brathwaite so early on day three, Bravo remained watchful and solid as Marlon Samuels tried to take the attack to the Pakistani bowlers.
The best period of the day came in the night session as Wahab Riaz bowled a number of fuller and short-pitched deliveries in a hostile spell that had the batsman jumping all over the crease - and earned him the wickets of Jermaine Blackwood and Roston Chase.


The cost of the clean-up after recent flooding in the Republic of Ireland will be more than 8m euros (£5.9m), a government minister has said.

Minister of State Simon Harris said funding allocated to local authorities to deal with the aftermath of the bad weather will have to be increased.
More than 260 homes have been flooded and more are at risk after heavy rain.
Irish President Michael D Higgins visited flood affected communities in Galway and Wexford on Monday.
More than 100 people had to leave their homes in Athlone, after the power supply was switched off after flooding.
The Bastion Quay apartment complex is one of the largest in the town.
RTÉ reports that the Electricity Supply Board (ESB) cut power after pillars connecting an electricity substation to the complex became submerged in flood water.
Water levels on the River Shannon are the highest on Lough Ree since records began in 1932.
The Irish Defence Forces have been operating pumps in a number of areas.
About 110 members have been deployed across the Republic to help with relief efforts, with more on standby.
Cork County Council has said it may take a number of days to clear flooding from the N25, the main Cork to Waterford road which is impassable between Killeagh and Castlemartyr in east Cork.
The road has been flooded since last Wednesday's storm and prolonged heavy rain. Flooding on the road is extensive and an industrial pump is being used take water away from the affected area.
Water is being pumped over a distance of a kilometre to try to relieve the flooding. However, about 50 acres of land on both sides of the road is also flooded, exacerbating the situation.
Mr Harris said the extent of the damage caused by the flooding is still not clear, but said the government would not be found wanting in providing extra funding.
He also said that the cabinet is due to approve the introduction of a new long-range weather forecasting system when it meets on Tuesday.
He said the system would ensure the government has the most accurate forecasts, but said it would take several months to put in place.
Mr Harris added that the government would look at the possibility of making grant aid available to individual householders to build flood protections for their homes or, in some cases, to assist them with leaving flood-prone areas altogether.
President Higgins called on people to "pull together" to help those affected by the flooding.
"While everybody was very tired and those who have had to leave their homes are anxious and distressed, there was a great sense of determination to overcome these recent events," he said.
"It is especially important that as a nation we pull together now to address the urgent challenge of managing these events and of putting in place the mechanisms needed to ensure better preparedness in the future, as the evidence points to these extreme events becoming more frequent, and accelerating, in the years to come."
Earlier, a racehorse trainer from County Westmeath described the impact the flooding has had on his business.
Thomas Cleary told BBC Radio Ulster's Good Morning Ulster that the flooding began on 4 December and there was now about two feet of water in his stables.
He said that even if the water was to stop rising this week, it would take at least a month before it left his yard.
He said he had moved his horses to the Curragh in County Kildare and had to travel there every morning to attend to them.
"It is 60 miles each way of a journey," he added.
"It is quite expensive because we lost all the bedding and feeds that we have at home so that all has to be got in Kildare."
Mr Cleary said that following flooding in 2009 it cost in the region of 40,000 euros (£29,500) to restore his yard.


Southport have signed defender Callum Howe on a one-month loan deal from fellow National League side Lincoln City.

The 22-year-old has joined after Sandgrounders defender Chris Doyle was ruled out with a long-term knee injury.
Howe came through the youth system at Scunthorpe but he failed to make an appearance at the Iron and moved to Lincoln in 2015.
He is available for the game against Tranmere on Saturday.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Norwich City first-team coach Gary Holt has left the Championship club by mutual consent after two years.

The 43-year-old ex-Scotland and Canaries midfielder returned to Carrow Road in 2014 after leaving his role as Falkirk boss to coach under Neil Adams.
He continued the role when Alex Neil took charge in January 2015, and has seen them promoted to and relegated from the top flight in 12 months.
Holt now intends to seek a head coach or managerial role.
"I've had some great and memorable times at Norwich City both as a player and as a member of the coaching staff," he told the club website.
"Now the time is right for me to seek a fresh challenge as a head coach or manager and I want to thank everyone at the club and the fans for their support for me over the years."


Germany will do more in the fight against Islamic State militants, Chancellor Angela Merkel has said.

It was Germany's "duty to reflect" and to "act quickly", Mrs Merkel said in Paris, after being urged by President Hollande to commit more resources, in the wake of the Paris attacks.
France has invoked a clause requiring EU member states to provide military assistance following the attacks.
IS has said it was behind the attacks on 13 November which killed 130 people.
At least one suspected attacker is still at large.
"We are stronger than any terrorism. Nevertheless, terrorism must be fought with all possible force," said Mrs Merkel.
IS "can't be convinced with words, it must be fought with military means," she added.
What Paris means for Europe
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French MPs have voted overwhelmingly to continue air strikes against IS in Syria beyond early January.
And all EU nations had agreed to provide direct or indirect support for French operations in Syria or other regions where French forces are operating, French Defence Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian said.
Germany had earlier announced it was deploying 650 troops to Mali, a move that Mrs Merkel said was designed to provide relief to the 1,500 French soldiers already stationed there.
Germany is also providing weapons and training for Kurdish forces fighting IS in Iraq.
Mrs Merkel and Mr Hollande also addressed European border controls, which have come under renewed scrutiny after it emerged that two of the suicide bombers at the Stade de France had travelled into Europe through Greece.
They agreed that better controls were needed at the EU's external borders.
But Mr Hollande said it was important not to see migrants, many of whom were fleeing IS, as a terror threat, even though some extremists may have used the flow of migrants into Europe for their own ends.
Schengen: Controversial EU free movement deal explained
Earlier, his Prime Minister Manuel Valls argued that European countries could not accept so many refugees.
Many of the hundreds of thousands of migrants and refugees who have entered the EU since August have headed through the Western Balkans to Germany, which expects around one million asylum applications this year alone.
Several EU countries have imposed border controls in recent weeks - despite the Schengen system of passport-free movement - in an attempt to reduce the number of arrivals.
A note on terminology: The BBC uses the term migrant to refer to all people on the move who have yet to complete the legal process of claiming asylum. This group includes people fleeing war-torn countries such as Syria, who are likely to be granted refugee status, as well as people who are seeking jobs and better lives, who governments are likely to rule are economic migrants.


Planning officers have advised councillors to refuse plans for a wind farm south of Hawick due to concerns over its adverse landscape impact.

Infinis UK wants to put up nine turbines in the Windy Edge project north of Hermitage Castle.
The project has attracted more than 300 letters of opposition, along with more than 100 in support of the scheme.
Planning officials have recommended refusal, saying the wind farm would be "incongruous and anachronistic".
Supporters of the scheme claim the turbines would have less of an impact on the landscape than forestry, and that it would help combat climate change.
Opponents believe there would be adverse visual impacts on areas like Hermitage Castle and the wider landscape.


A man has been arrested after a suspicious device was found in a block of flats in West Sussex.

A bomb disposal team has been called to the Belmont Close area of Hassocks to make it safe.
The Middlewick House flats and surrounding area have been evacuated and a cordon is in place.
The man, 50, is being held on suspicion of making an explosive substance. Sussex Police said the incident was not terror-related.
Det Supt Carwyn Hughes said: "We are advising residents to avoid the area for the time being.
"I want to reassure those in the area and wider community that we are treating this as an isolated incident and [it] is not terrorist related."


Ian Cathro insists there is no need to make "drastic" changes to the way Hearts play.

The new Hearts head coach, 30, believes his side are "in a good place", and he will not make radical alterations to the team's style of play against Rangers on Saturday.
"We've got to try to be as efficient as we possibly can," he said of the short time to prepare for Ibrox.
"There's no point in making any real changes or anything massively drastic."
Cathro met the Hearts players for the first time on Tuesday afternoon after being appointed as Robbie Neilson's successor. He stressed to the squad that there was no need to alter their approach, aiming to keep existing training routines in place.
"It's being efficient with our time, giving some messages and trying to improve some parts that we can, but keeping everyone comfortable, so there's no upheaval," he explained.
"People have got routines and working processes which have been good and will continue to be good. It's been smooth."
Cathro does not anticipate any nerves on Saturday - "because there never have been" - and is comfortable with the process of selecting his first staring XI as a head coach, after four years as assistant manager at Rio Ave, Valencia and Newcastle.
The Scot says he knows what to expect from Rangers, but also that his players are fired up for the visit to Ibrox, having beaten Rangers at Tynecastle last Wednesday night in Neilson's last game in charge before moving to MK Dons.
"I see a good [Rangers] team, they have got a very clear idea [of how they will play]," Cathro said.
"They've also shown a little bit that they have some alternatives, there are other ways in which they can do things and they'll be clever with that. We'll need to be able to adapt, but we know what they are.
"We've got one more training session. If the players could remove Friday and go to Saturday tomorrow, they'd all vote for that, which we need to stay careful [about] and rest. But we'll be good to go, we'll compete and a lot of the other things will take care of themselves."
Cathro, who started coaching at 23, continues to be "slightly surprised" at the widespread and polarised coverage of his appointment, but says he is entirely "relaxed" in the role.
"I feel really at ease because I've been preparing for this for a long time, I've been doing a lot of these things for a long time," he added.
"It's what I'm going to do - not for all of my life, I don't want to do it until I'm 65 because I'll probably be about 80 then in a mental state - for the next 20 years.
"This is me and we go day by day, trying to make ourselves better. Irrespective of the outcome, my job on Sunday is to be better, to help the players be better, to help the staff be better, to help the club be better.
"Of course, [I'm] looking forward to it, on a personal level I'm relaxed because it's a game of football and that's what I do. There are guys on the side who will throw their arms around and shout, but it's 11 v 11, football's about players.
"We're going to have a new stand and I want 20,000 people excited, running down the street to make sure they're there in time for the first whistle and having a great day. I want football to give that to people, that's what makes it special. I won't love to give that to people if we're not winning at the same time. It's a balance."


Traffic restrictions will be placed on two sections of the A9 for over two months for surrounding ground to be surveyed, Transport Scotland has confirmed.

The ground investigations will begin on 26 September and are expected to be completed by the end of November.
The investigations will affect the Tay Crossing to Ballinluig, and Pitlochry to Killiecrankie sections.
The work is being carried out as part of the A9 dualling programme.
The traffic management arrangements will include short, alternate single file sections controlled by temporary traffic lights.
A Transport Scotland spokeswoman said the traffic management measures will allow work beside the carriageway to be carried out safely.
She said: "This ground investigation is needed to get vital information on the existing ground conditions in the vicinity of the A9 carriageway between Tay Crossing and Ballinluig, and Pitlochry to Killiecrankie as we progress our plans to dual this section of the route.
"This is the latest in a series of ground investigations taking place along the route.
"No decision has been taken on the line of the route for the section between Dowally and Ballinluig at this time and so that section is not part of the contract that has been awarded.
"We apologise for any inconvenience these works will cause and would thank road users and local communities in advance for their patience over the next few months.
"The contractor will closely monitor the operation of the traffic management measures to ensure that delays are kept to a minimum."


When the Los Angeles Rams were taken apart by an average-looking San Francisco 49ers on the opening NFL weekend, the critics were queuing up to write them off as contenders.

The match-up was selected for prime time TV in the United States with an audience of 14 million hoping to see the number one overall draft pick make his debut. But quarterback Jared Goff didn't even suit up as a toothless Rams were beaten 28-0 in a game that sent me to sleep in the third quarter.
Now they stand at 3-1 for the season. In consecutive weeks, they have beaten Seattle Seahawks - many people's Super Bowl favourites - put 37 on the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Tampa and seen off divisional rivals Arizona Cardinals too.
How? Well, Goff still hasn't played a snap in the NFL. Their second-year running back Todd Gurley, last season's offensive rookie of the year, is only averaging 2.6 yards per rushing attempt.
Yet head coach Jeff Fisher has got his defence back on track. They are 23rd in overall defence in the NFL but their turnover ratio is fourth in the league.
When your defence gives the offense shorter fields to work with, then points are easier to come by.
Just one more thing: the Rams have got to this stage with no permanent home after relocating from St Louis last season. Their new stadium will not be ready until 2019. They currently reside at the Memorial Coliseum (home of the 1984 Olympics) yet train 50 miles away in Thousand Oaks.
Training camp in the summer was 90 miles away and they will travel more than 37,000 miles through the air this year - in excess of 5,000 more than any other team. On the plus side, they will be accruing lots of frequent flyer miles. They head to England next week for the first NFL game at Twickenham.
So, if you're a fan of tight defensive games, tune in to BBC Radio 5 live sports extra as the Rams play host to the Buffalo Bills (2-2), who will be full of beans after shutting out the New England Patriots last week.
The Bills' colourful head coach, Rex Ryan, loves rubbing people up the wrong way but whether you love him or loathe him, he gets his teams ready to play and has one of the smartest defensive minds in the game.
1. Good luck Cleveland. You're having a horrible season at 0-4, and now you welcome the Patriots, who are angry they were shut out at home last week. And to rub salt into the wounds, four-time Super Bowl champion quarterback Tom Brady is back from his Deflate-gate suspension and will want to prove a point. Ouch.
2. Arguably the best defence in the league plays the best offense as the Atlanta Falcons travel to the Denver Broncos.
3. Dallas Cowboys rookie quarterback Dak Prescott has led his side to a 3-1 record and has yet to throw an interception in 131 attempts. Prescott has also shown excellent poise and decision-making qualities. As Tony Romo nears a return to fitness, can the youngster continue to impress this week at home to the dangerous Cincinnati Bengals and take the job permanently?
4. After every London match, the two sides take a bye week to get over the travel. For the first time that won't be the case as the Indianapolis Colts welcome the Chicago Bears to Lucas Oil stadium. The Colts are poor, even with top-rated quarterback Andrew Luck at the helm, and they may regret not taking the extra week off.
5. Oakland put a smile on my face against the Baltimore Ravens. But if they are to be taken seriously as a play-off contender, then a home victory against the San Diego Chargers is a must. The Chargers have thrown away winning situations at Kansas City and last week at home to the Saints, so have the talent to win. That's why the Raiders need to stay focused.
You can listen to full commentary of the Buffalo Bills v LA Rams on the 5 Live NFL show on BBC Radio 5 live sports extra on Sunday 9 November at 19:30 BST.