A criminal investigation has begun into a fire at a commercial garage in Dumfries which needed more than 30 firefighters to bring it under control.

Police said the incident on Monday morning on the town's Howgate Street was now being treated as suspicious.
A full investigation has yet to be conducted to establish the cause of the fire.
However, police now want to trace a car which was stolen from the forecourt prior to the blaze.
The green Vauxhall Corsa - registration number Y585 JFS - was taken some time between 18:30 on Sunday and the time when the fire was discovered, at about 03:50 on Monday.
Det Con Andrew Little said: "We also want people who may have been past the garage on Sunday evening or early Monday morning to get in touch with us if they saw anything suspicious in the Howgate Street area of the town.
"This was a very large fire which has badly damaged not only the garage premises of  24/7 Automotive but also that of the adjacent property of Glass and Glazing.
"A full fire scene examination will take place when the buildings are deemed safe enough to enter."


A £160m scheme to upgrade the A63 Castle Street in Hull has been announced by the government.

Treasury chief secretary Danny Alexander revealed the plan to upgrade the section as part of the "biggest investment in roads in 40 years".
While Hull City Council said it was "delighted", one of the city's Labour MPs took a different view.
Diane Johnson, Labour MP for Hull North, said the post-2015 scheme was "jam tomorrow, but jams today".
Mr Alexander told the House of Commons on Thursday the A63 scheme was part of a package of road improvements to be rolled out in the next parliament.
A campaign to upgrade the road has been under way for several years with Hull and Humber Chamber of Trade saying in 2011 it was a "hugely important we get this sorted, it's a critical road in and out of Hull and without it being improved we'll really struggle to get any serious development going."
After the announcement Hull City Council said: "We are delighted with today's news and we can now move forward with the Highways Agency to improve this important road.
"It will make a huge difference to the economy, local businesses, regeneration of the city as well as helping our aims to improve the city as a visitor destination.
"The announcement will also support Hull's City Plan and to help harness all Hull's assets to become the leading UK Energy City."
But MP Ms Johnson dismissed the announcement as "more news management than traffic management".
Ms Johnson said: "Ministers have announced that the A63 improvement works would only start 'post-2015' - that's no earlier than has been planned in Whitehall for years.
"This is jam tomorrow, but jams today for Hull.
"I'm relieved that the A63 scheme's not been put back further.
"However, given this coalition's record of cancelling or delaying capital schemes that have been announced previously, especially in the north, our campaign for the A63 upgrade should not end today."


A cafe criticised for making trainees work unpaid for 40 hours, without a guaranteed job, has given in to public pressure.

Mooboo Bubble Tea - which sells the Taiwanese drink topped with tapioca balls - was attacked on social media and by campaign groups.
A petition to demand it pay staff properly collected more than 40,000 signatures.
In a statement, Mooboo said trainees would now be paid "company set levels".
Emails outlining the original terms were leaked to campaign organisation 38 Degrees.
Gordon Maloney from the group said it was an "outrageous way for MooBoo Bubble Tea to exploit people looking for work".
He welcomed the "turnaround" but said it was "very important to us that people who have worked for the chain for free under this policy should also be recompensed".
The company has branches in London, Birmingham, Bradford, Coventry, Gateshead, Hatfield, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester and Glasgow.
Successful interview applicants were offered 40 hours training, but warned this did not guarantee a job.
Mooboo said in a statement: "In view of the recent feedbacks, we are prepared to implement a new training process which all trainees will be paid according to our company set levels once the trainee has entered into our training contract."
It later confirmed to campaign group Betterthanzero that all staff would be paid at least the minimum wage from "the first hour".
The furore over the training contract led to other cafes being confused with the firm.
Bubble Boba in Coventry "suffered vandalism to our shop, slander and abuse to our staff", it said.
Directors Neil and Kristin McCoy-Ward said it was now "Mooboo's duty to set the example and follow UK regulations and pay bubble tea artists correctly for their work".


Crossrail, the new railway which will run beneath London, is to be named the Elizabeth Line in honour of the Queen, Boris Johnson has announced.

London's mayor revealed the line's name and purple logo as he visited Bond Street station with the monarch.
Trains on the railway will travel under the centre of the city, linking parts of Berkshire and Buckinghamshire to Essex when it opens in December 2018.
Mr Johnson said it was "wonderful" the line had "such a significant name".
"The Elizabeth Line will provide a lasting tribute to our longest-serving monarch", the mayor said.
The Queen visited a station construction site 28m (92ft) below ground where she viewed part of the tunnel and met construction apprentices.
Transport Secretary Patrick McLoughlin, who was also at the event, said the name was "very fitting" given the Queen's long association with UK transport.
About 24 trains an hour will travel both ways on the new Elizabeth Line when it opens.


More than 200 migrants from sub-Saharan Africa have broken into Spain's North African enclave of Melilla by scaling the border fence.

It is one of the biggest migrant surges into Melilla in recent years.
Many of the migrants suffered cuts scaling the fence. During the incident, migrants threw stones, sticks and bottles at police, officials say.
This month there have been similar mass break-ins in Melilla and Ceuta - another Spanish city in North Africa.
The break-in happened at about 06:00 local time (05:00 GMT) at Ben-Enzar, a crossing point on the Spain-Morocco border.
The migrants, many of whom said they were from Cameroon and Guinea, sang triumphantly as they made their way to the Melilla migrant reception centre, Spain's El Pais daily reported.
They are likely to be expelled from Melilla. The reception centre is already overcrowded - built for 480, it now houses 1,300 people, its manager Carlos Montero said.
On 6 February at least 14 migrants drowned when hundreds tried to swim into Ceuta.
The two Spanish territories have become a magnet for migrants seeking work or asylum in Europe.


China attracted a record level of inward investment in 2010, sharply recovering from the previous year.

The country attracted $106bn of foreign direct investment - which excludes investments in financial instruments such as shares - up 17.4% from 2009, according to the Ministry of Commerce.
That was enough to more than reverse the 2.3% fall seen during the previous year caused by the global recession.
Over a fifth of the money went into China's property sector.
The Chinese authorities have been trying - with limited success - to head off a perceived bubble in property prices.
"The improvement in the investment environment has become a new driving force of China's [foreign direct investment]," said Yao Jian, a ministry spokesman.
He said that investment was particularly strong in China's poorer and less developed interior and western regions, where the cost of labour is much lower.
By Chris HoggBBC News, Shanghai
China lends more than World Bank
Over half of the investment came from Hong Kong, while nearby countries such as Taiwan, Singapore, Japan and Korea were also major sources of capital.
As was the case in 2009, December proved particularly strong, seeing $14bn of inflows - a record for a single month.
Meanwhile, the ministry also reported a big rise in China's investment in the rest of the world.
Outward investment rose 36.3% in 2010 - although at $59bn, the level remains only slightly more than half of the total for inward investment into China.
Mergers and acquisitions accounted for about 40% of the total, as Chinese companies chose to buy up ready-made businesses as well as investing in new projects and start-ups, or providing loans.


Tributes have been paid to Irish actor Frank Kelly, best known for playing Father Jack Hackett in the comedy sitcom Father Ted, who has died aged 77.

Kelly was a veteran of stage and screen, his career lasting 60 years.
He had more recent roles in Emmerdale and Mrs Brown's Boys D'Movie.
Kelly revealed last November that he had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, although he said he would continue to work.
He had received the all-clear from bowel cancer in 2011. He was treated for skin cancer last year and also had heart problems.
The actor passed away exactly 18 years after the death of his Father Ted co-star Dermot Morgan.
Morgan died on Sunday 28 February 1998. His son, Don Morgan, tweeted about the coincidence of the date.
Graham Linehan, the writer of Father Ted, tweeted his condolences.
"Just hearing from various sources that Frank Kelly has passed away," he tweeted.
"Terribly sad news. Thanks for everything Frank."
The sitcom's co-writer, Arthur Mathews, also responded on Twitter.
"Sad news," he said. "Comedy legend. So thrilled we had him in Father Ted."
Kelly's co-star Ardal O'Hanlon, who played Father Dougal McGuire, called him a "gentleman".
"Very sad news. We had lunch together at Christmas when he was in his usual feisty form," he said.
"Frank was an all-round talent, an institution in Irish entertainment, a very determined professional and he'll be greatly missed by all who knew him."
Brendan O'Carroll, star of Mrs Brown's Boys, spoke fondly of working with Frank Kelly in Mrs Brown's Boys D'Movie,
"News of Frank Kelly's passing just reached us in Australia. Such a lovely man and a joy to work with," he said.
Irish president Michael D Higgins described Kelly as "a friend" and "a distinguished actor who made such a wide and valued contribution both on the stage and in film".
"He will forever be remembered for his roles."
"To his wife Bairbre and his family I send deepest sympathy; for theirs is the greatest loss of such a great and loving person."
The actor is survived by his wife of 51 years Bairbre, seven children and 17 grandchildren.


Former Rangers and Wolves midfielder Alex Rae has become St Mirren manager after signing an 18-month contract.

The 46-year-old, who met the Scottish Championship club's board on Friday morning, succeeds Ian Murray, who resigned on Saturday.
Rae left Genk in the summer, having been assistant manager to Alex McLeish at the Belgian top-flight club.
It will be his second stint as a manager in his own right, having had a two-year spell at Dundee from 2006.
The Press Association has reported that Buddies chairman Stewart Gilmour originally wanted to hand Rae a short-term contract until the end of the season.
But a statement on the club's official website said: "The new manager has signed a deal that will see him take charge until at least the summer of 2017."
Rae's spell at Dundee was also in Scotland's second tier and he takes over in Paisley with the Buddies sitting third bottom ahead of Saturday's visit to bottom side Alloa Athletic.
Murray's six-month reign ended after a defeat by Dumbarton, the club he left in the summer to replace Gary Teale, who was sacked following St Mirren's relegation from the top flight.
Rae was appointed player-manager at Dens Park in May 2006 and they finished third then second in the old First Division in his first two seasons in charge.
However, having already retired from playing, he was sacked as manager in October 2008 with his side sitting eighth in the table.
He joined Milton Keynes Dons as first-team coach under Paul Ince and then moved to Notts County and Blackpool as assistant manager to the former England midfielder.
After Ince was sacked in January 2014, Rae teamed up with McLeish at Genk until the former Scotland manager left the Belgian club in the summer.
Rae's playing career began with Falkirk and he subsequently was on the books of Millwall, Sunderland, Wolverhampton Wanderers and Rangers before he joined Dundee.
He briefly revived his playing career as cover for injuries while with MK Dons.


Forty syringes have been found during the clean-up of a path in Wrexham.

Cais volunteers with specialist equipment cleaned the path in Rhosddu, from Gerald Street to Wrexham Railway Station.
Marc Jones, who had requested the clean-up, said residents were happy to do it themselves but had been told equipment was needed to do it safely.
He said the amount of syringes found highlighted a wider problem of drug misuse in the area.
In October 2016, a report commissioned by Wrexham council said discarded needles were making parts of the town "no-go areas".
In 2015/16, more than 250,000 syringes were given out to drug users in the area - 27% of the total across north Wales.
"Lots of residents have commented at the difference," Mr Jones said.
"The alley is looking as tidy as it has ever been and hopefully will be kept in that condition now.
"The bigger issue of drug paraphernalia needs tackling."
In November, North Wales Police and Crime Commissioner Arfon Jones called for a so-called "fix room" in Wrexham where heroin users can inject safely under supervision.


Children's heart surgery is to stop at Leicester's Glenfield Hospital, the BBC understands.

It was thought the service would move to a new children's hospital in the city but staff were told it would no longer be supported by NHS England.
The hospital was told it does not meet new standards set by the NHS following a national review last year.
Leicester Hospitals said it would "not sit by whilst they destroy our fabulous service".
Latest updates on this story
John Adler, chief executive at University Hospitals of Leicester (UHL), said that over the past 18 months the Trust had worked hard to meet NHS England's standards set out in the New Congenital Heart Disease Review.
"We are confident that our clinical outcomes are now amongst the best in the country so we strongly disagree with NHS England's decision and will not sit by whilst they destroy our fabulous service," he added.
This work has included increasing the number of beds in the unit, investment in staffing and provisional work on moving the children's heart unit to a new hospital.
Leicester MP Liz Kendall said she would write to the Secretary of State for Health Jeremy Hunt calling for an urgent meeting and setting out her opposition to the closure.
"Decisions must be based on what's best for children and the latest evidence on clinical outcomes shows that the East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre is one of the best performing surgical centres in England," she said.
"Closing the unit would also compromise our paediatric intensive care unit, with a knock on effect on other vital children's services in Leicester, and put at risk our world leading ECMO service which is the largest in the country, with the only national patient transport service."
Leicestershire County Council discussed the decision at a meeting earlier and said the closure was "not justified".
Councillor Ernie White, cabinet member for health, said: "I will be urgently seeking further information so I can fully understand the implications on Glenfield and the wider NHS. We cannot afford to lose such a valued unit."
The news was met with dismay on BBC Leicester's Facebook page where more than 100 people have commented on the story.
NHS England has so far declined to comment.


Senior figures in Plaid Cymru have refused to give their approval to an administration formed of Plaid, Tory and independent councillors in Conwy.

Council leader Gareth Jones, a former Plaid AM, formed his cabinet earlier this week with Plaid, Conservative and independent councillors.
But Plaid's National Executive Committee has ruled against the move.
Mr Jones said he was "very disappointed", claiming nothing in Plaid's constitution blocked it.
Plaid's party chairman Alun Ffred Jones said: "Plaid Cymru's National Executive has rejected a proposal to form a cabinet with the Conservatives on Conwy Council.
"Plaid Cymru councillors will not form a cabinet involving Conservatives."
In response, Gareth Jones said: "I ask for a detailed and thorough explanation of why exactly this decision was taken.
"I see nothing within Plaid's constitution that blocks this.
"This decision will negatively effect our work locally, and it will stop many talented people from working in many important areas."
Mr Jones, who was elected leader of Conwy council last month, had said he wanted to appoint a cabinet made up of members from all political groups.
But only the Conservatives and one of the independent groups agreed to join.
The cabinet was initially formed of four Plaid and five Tory councillors, and one independent member.
But it has now emerged that one of the Plaid members of the council cabinet, Trystan Lewis, has resigned.
He said his presence in the administration had put his party in a "difficult position".
In a statement on Facebook he said: "I believe my being in the cabinet has put Plaid Cymru in a difficult position.
"My loyalty to Plaid Cymru is absolute, but I'm still sad that an opportunity has been lost locally".


A South African court has found Czech fugitive Radovan Krejcir guilty of attempted murder and kidnapping.

Krejcir and his co-accused, two of whom are part of the Hawks elite police unit, had pleaded not guilty to the charges.
This is the first conviction against Krejcir, 46, who faces four separate trials in South Africa.
Local media have described him as a "mafia boss" but he denies links to the criminal underworld.
Krejcir was accused of ordering the kidnap and torture of Bheki Lukhele, whose brother had allegedly disappeared with 25kg (55lbs) of drugs.
He was arrested by South African police at his home in Johannesburg in late 2013 over the incident.
In July 2013, he made local and international headlines when he survived an attempt to kill him using guns hidden behind a car number plate operated by remote control.
A number of his associates have been killed in separate incidents over the years but Krejcir has repeatedly denied any involvement with local organised crime syndicates whose operations are reported to also include drug dealing.
The businessman is also wanted in the Czech Republic, where he was convicted in absentia last year on tax fraud charges.
Krejcir moved to South Africa in 2007, where he is applying for asylum.
He says he will be killed if he is forced to return to the Czech Republic.


Kevin Anderson has revealed he received "death threats" after his first-round loss at Wimbledon on Monday.

The South African world number 25 told BBC World Service Sport that he had received threats from people who had bet on his match against Denis Istomin.
"It pretty much happens after every match regardless of the circumstances," the 30-year-old said.
"People who have bet on the match tend to take to social media and say very inappropriate things."
Anderson, who reached the fourth round of Wimbledon last year before losing to eventual champion Novak Djokovic, said abuse on social media was commonplace.
"It's just something you have to deal with as a professional athlete who is in the limelight," added Anderson, who lost in five sets to Uzbekistan's Istomin.
"You can't obviously read too much into it, you let it run off your back. It would be nicer if you didn't [have to], but that's the reality of the world we live in."


Britain's Chris Froome came fifth as Orica-Scott rider Michael Albasini won a sprint finish in heavy rain on stage one of the Tour de Romandie.

Two-time champion Froome remains 29 seconds behind prologue winner Fabio Felline, who retains the yellow jersey.
But Britain's Alex Dowsett, who was second, fell down the classifications in Switzerland after dropping away on the final climb to Champery.
Albasini crossed ahead of Diego Ulissi and Jesus Herrada on the 172km course.
Britain's Simon Yates finished in 28th place for Orica-Scott, leaving him 16th in the overall standings, 18 seconds off the pace.
The six-day five-stage race is an early indicator of form leading towards July's Tour de France, which Team Sky rider Froome will be bidding to win for a fourth time - and third in succession.
Thursday's second stage is a hilly 161.3km race from Champery to Bulle.
Tour de Romandie stage one result:
1.  Michael Albasini (Swi/Orica) 4hrs 33mins 10secs
2.  Diego Ulissi (Ita/UAE Team Emirates) Same time
3.  Jesus Herrada (Spa/Movistar)
4.  Natnael Berhane (Eri/imension Data)
5.  Chris Froome (GB/Team Sky)
6.  Pello Bilbao (Spa/Astana)
7.  Wilco Kelderman (Ned/Sunweb)
8.  David De La Cruz (Spa/Quick-Step)
9.  Richard Carapaz (Ecu/Movistar)
10. Pierre Latour (Fra/AG2R)
Overall classification after Stage one:
1.  Fabio Felline (Ita/Trek) 4hrs 39mins 07secs
2.  Maximilian Schachmann (Ger/Quick-Step) +8secs
3.  Jesus Herrada (Spa/Movistar) Same time
4.  Primoz Roglic (Svn/LottoNL) +9secs
5.  Ion Izagirre (Spa/Bahrain) +12secs
6.  Bob Jungels (Lux/Quick-Step) Same time
7.  Jose Goncalves (Por/Katusha) +13secs
8.  Ruben Fernandez (Spa/Movistar) Same time
9.  Michael Albasini (Swi/Orica) +14secs
10. Jonathan Castroviejo (Spa/Movistar)  Same time
Selected others:
16. Simon Yates (GB/Orica) +18secs
39. Chris Froome (GB/Team Sky) +29secs
59. Peter Kennaugh (GB/Team Sky) +53secs
88 Alex Dowsett (GB/Team Sky) +4mins 59secs


Prime Minister Theresa May has officially notified the European Union on Wednesday that the UK is leaving.

Under the Article 50 process, talks on the terms of exit and future relations will begin and are expected to take two years.
But what should we in Wales look out for during this process? BBC Wales' correspondents have some suggestions.
AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT - Steffan Messenger
For Wales' farmers, much will depend on getting the right trade deal.
With 90% of Welsh agricultural produce currently exported to the EU, farming leaders want unfettered access to the major market on their doorstep.
Talk of new agreements with New Zealand, the US and elsewhere is prompting talk of foreign meat flooding supermarket shelves and fears that current high production standards could be undermined.
After decades of abiding by the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), the chance to rewrite the rule book is an exciting prospect for many.
But big questions remain about whether it is the Welsh Government or Westminster who will take charge.
There are questions too about whether they will continue to subsidise farmers.
For many in Wales, the payments they receive from Brussels are the difference between making a profit or loss, accounting for 81% of Welsh farms' income in 2014-15.
When it comes to the environment, virtually all the laws which protect wildlife and water quality, and which tackle air pollution and climate change, have their roots in Brussels.
Any plans to change environmental protections will be watched closely by those on both sides of the Brexit divide.
BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS - Brian Meechan and Sarah Dickins
Wales has had significant amounts of EU cash to grow its economy, generate jobs and improve living standards.
36,970 jobs created
18,645 enterprises assisted
72,700 helped into work
234,335 qualifications gained
It has been spent on a wide range of initiatives in west Wales and the valleys, including road and port improvements and schemes to strengthen communities and support childcare.
There is also a separate programme to develop rural areas.
Many Welsh Government projects to improve people's skills have also been part-funded by the EU. They include Jobs Growth Wales, ReAct, Go Wales, and an apprenticeship programme.
Whether similar schemes will continue after Brexit will depend on UK and Welsh government policies in the future.
There is also the question of whether EU nationals working here will be allowed to stay, whether others will be allowed into the UK after Brexit, and if not, how skills will be developed within the UK labour pool to replace them.
Because of the single market, Wales has been an attractive place for overseas companies to make products to sell across Europe, for example Japanese firms making TVs and computers.
If the UK is no longer part of the single market, new agreements on tariffs and regulations will be needed, which may influence business decisions on investment.
There are also firms whose ownership crosses several EU states, such as Airbus, which manufactures plane wings in Flintshire and transports them to Toulouse in France for assembly.
Airbus is concerned about its ability to put staff on a plane in the UK and have them working in Toulouse the next day.
The UK government has indicated it will try to negotiate special arrangements for key sectors.
On tariffs, Theresa May has already said she will not accept the customs union in its current form when the UK leaves as it limits trade deals with non-EU countries.
Businesses will want to know what this means for trade.
The EU is currently our biggest market - 67% of Welsh exports go to the European Union.  Some Welsh firms are already looking at opening offices in the EU.
However there are also opportunities for new trade deals with the likes of the US, China and India.
Welsh productivity is about 30% lower than the rest of the UK's, which itself lags behind competitors including France and Germany.
More investment in roads and rail might make the country more productive. The South Wales Metro is part-funded by the EU and First Minister Carwyn Jones has said without that money, it could take longer to deliver the project.
EDUCATION - Colette Hume
International students are big business for Welsh universities and there are concerns about the impact of leaving the EU on the number choosing to study in Wales.
According to the universities admission service Ucas the number of EU applicants choosing to study in the UK decreased by 7% this year.
Universities say it is still to soon to fully understand the implications of leaving the EU in terms of research and development.
But with so many projects supported by EU cash it seems improbable that institutions will not be affected - then of course there is the issue of brain drain.
Will internationally renowned academics based in Wales choose to take their skills elsewhere when EU funding runs out?
HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE  - Owain Clarke
Official data suggests about 6% of doctors working in Wales qualified in another EU country and there are recruitment problems in certain parts of Wales and in some specialist areas.
The UK government would need to clarify its intentions on the ability of EU nationals to work in the health and care sectors.
There will be questions too about access to healthcare for EU citizens living here, and for Welsh people living in EU countries, and what the arrangements will be for tourists who currently use the European Health Insurance Card to get treatment when on holiday.
Like in the rest of the UK, Welsh NHS workers will be keeping an eye on what happens to the working time directive because of the possible impact on their rotas, pay and contracts.
In addition there will be pros and cons to any changes in the regulation of medicines and clinical trials.
CULTURE - Huw Thomas
The former chairman of Welsh National Opera and prominent Remain campaigner, Geraint Talfan Davies, has suggested that at least £2.3m in European funding was due to be spent on Welsh cultural projects by 2020.
But Mr Davies, also a former controller of BBC Wales and chairman of the Arts Council, said it was harder to quantify other benefits such as the money made available to international consortia, and initiatives such as the EU Capital of Culture.
He argues that the focus during Brexit negotiations should be on "retaining UK participation in the EU's cultural programmes, for artistic as much as financial reasons".
Anecdotally, some parts of the creative industries are already benefiting from a Brexit boost. I'm told the weaker pound has helped exports, and encouraged deals with foreign buyers, in areas such as film and animation.
But unrestricted access to existing trading partners in the European Union, and minimal travel restrictions on touring companies and individual performers, are prominent items on the wish-list from Wales' cultural and creative community.


Manchester United will extend Zlatan Ibrahimovic's one-year contract by a year, says manager Jose Mourinho.

The 35-year-old former Sweden international moved to Old Trafford on a free transfer in the summer, with the option of extending his deal for a second season.
He has scored eight goals in 17 games in all competitions this term.
Mourinho said: "We are going to execute the option of a second season. After that he can do what he wants."
Ibrahimovic said: "I feel in shape, feel fresh and good. If I feel like I do now, it will be a second year."
Ibrahimovic, who scored 62 goals in 116 games for Sweden before retiring from international football in June, left French champions Paris St-Germain at the end of last season.
The former Ajax, Juventus, Inter Milan, Barcelona and AC Milan forward has won a trophy every season since 2001, including 13 league titles.
He will have a statue erected in Stockholm in his honour after being named Sweden's top player for a 10th successive year on Monday.
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Clutching hand-painted signs reading "Water is Life" and "Resist Dakota Access", approximately 500 protesters gathered outside the White House on the evening of 8 February.

They formed a circle and made speeches. A Lakota Sioux man sang prayers, cutting through the winter air in a mournful, high-pitched chant.
The mood was solemn.
Earlier that day, the US Army Corps of Engineers granted the controversial Dakota Access oil pipeline an easement to pass beneath Lake Oahe and the Missouri River, north of the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation.
Since the middle of 2016, thousands of Native Americans have been fighting to prevent the pipeline's completion. In the final days of Barack Obama's presidency the White House put construction on hold pending further assessments, and for a moment the protesters believed they had won. Crowds celebrated with fireworks on the snow-swamped prairie of North Dakota.
But everything changed with the arrival of President Donald Trump.
Within days of taking office, he issued an executive memorandum on 24 January calling for the pipeline to proceed.
Two weeks later, the president's order was obliged, and the Corps granted the easement.
For the Sioux people who opposed this venture and the coalition of 200 tribal nations that joined them, this development is a crushing blow.
"We are a sovereign nation and we will fight to protect our water and sacred places," David Archambault II, the chairman of the Standing Rock Tribe, responded in a statement.
News spread quickly once the easement was passed, sweeping through Instagram and Facebook under Standing Rock's signature hashtag: #NoDAPL.
For those who have been campaigning for the pipeline, including workers unions, oil and gas advocates and some Republican politicians like Sarah Palin, this was a pivotal victory.
"Our hope is that the new administration in Washington will now provide North Dakota law enforcement the necessary resources to bring closure to the protests," said Kyle Kirchmeier, the sheriff of the local Morton County Police, in a press release.
The last 1.5 mile (2.4 km) stretch of the pipeline is expected to be completed in less than 90 days.
Activist groups have mobilised in an attempt to reverse the decision, planning direct actions in New York, Chicago and hundreds of other locations across the US.
These marches will culminate in a large-scale "Native Nations" march in Washington DC on 10 March, led by the leaders of the Standing Rock Tribe and an array of their core advocates, including the influential Indigenous Environmental Network.
"Take action, any way you can, now," Erin Wise, a member of the Jicarilla Apache and Laguna Pueblo nations, instructed the crowds outside the White House.
"We have not lost. We are still here," she cried.
Campaigners have already enjoyed some success. Following a "boycott" initiate aimed at depriving the multi-billion dollar oil infrastructure project of funding, two city councils, most notably Seattle, have cut ties with Wells Fargo Bank - a chief lender to Dakota Access LLC - on account of its ties to the pipeline.
The move will deprive the bank of $3bn (Â£2.4bn) in city funds, a significant financial and public relations blow, which could deter future investment in Dakota Access.
A legal challenge against the pipeline has also been mounted.
A lawsuit has been ongoing between the Standing Rock and Cheyenne River tribes and the federal government since September 2016.
The plaintiffs filed a request for a temporary halt to pipeline construction in federal court in Washington DC on 9 February.
They argued that the Army Corp of Engineers was wrong to terminate an Environmental Impact Statement they were compiling, which had been initiated by President Obama, but was swiftly shelved once President Trump assumed office.
The tribes may also request a summary judgement on their lawsuit, which would fast-track their case and compel the judge to make a ruling ahead of schedule - either in favour of the tribes or in favour of the government.
"It's a long shot," said Dallas Goldtooth, a Lakota activist and prominent leader of the Standing Rock movement, in a statement on Facebook.
"Both scenarios [the temporary injunction and the summary judgement] are extremely risky."
If legal action and protest marches fail, a statement on the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe's website says the tribe will seek to "shut the pipeline operations down."
By what means remains unclear.
Although as many as 10,000 people were camped out in North Dakota in solidarity with Standing Rock in December, the Native American camps have shrunk considerably since.
Between 300 and 500 people are currently living near the confluence of the Missouri and Cannonball Rivers in three camps: Oceti Sakowin, Sacred Stone and Rosebud Sicangu.
Residents there - who include representatives of dozens of indigenous nations, environmental activists and military veterans - will be at risk of flooding when the snow melts.
In a slow, bitterly cold process, they are currently relocating their tents, trucks, yurts and teepees to higher ground leased by the Cheyanne River Sioux. The original camps could be vacated within a matter of weeks.
"People are scared," says Linda Black Elk, who runs a permanent medical facility in the area.
"There is a feeling that the police can move in at any moment, and that they can do anything now they have the government on their side."
Theda New Brest, a member of the Blackfoot Confederacy, also believes the Standing Rock tribal alliance faces difficult days ahead.
"We are on the edge of a precipice," she says.
"We have to stand. Mother Earth is life."
Neither the Standing Rock Tribe, nor its allies, intend to stand down in the wake of their latest setback.


A 16-year-old boy is in hospital with life-threatening injuries following a collision with a taxi in Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, late on Tuesday.

The boy was hit by a white Skoda Octavia taxi on Barry Road opposite Llewellyn Street at about 22.30 GMT.
He is being treated at the University Hospital of Wales in Cardiff.
The road was closed for about four hours while investigations and vehicle recovery too place.
Police said no other vehicles were believed to be involved. Officers have appealed for witnesses to contact them.


David Cameron will continue as PM until the "end of this decade", Chancellor George Osborne has predicted.

Mr Cameron has said that he will not seek a third term but some have suggested he may have to quit sooner, if the UK votes to leave the EU.
While he is campaigning to stay in, many Tories are on the opposite side.
Mr Osborne, a likely future leadership contender, told ITV he did not envisage a contest until close to 2020 "when David Cameron says he wants to go".
Interviewed on ITV's Peston on Sunday, he denied being preoccupied by thoughts of becoming the next Tory leader.
"There will be a leadership election at the end of this decade, we've got a lot of work to do before then," he said.
"I fought very hard to get my friend elected as leader of the Conservative Party, then elected as the prime minister of this country and I'm very happy being part of that team that is bringing about this change to this country."
He added: "It will be the end of this decade in my view, when David Cameron says he wants to go."
Mr Cameron, who became prime minister at the head of a coalition government in 2010, will by then have served nearly two full terms in office.
He ruled out a third term before the 2015 general election, telling the BBC:  "I've said I'll stand for a full second term, but I think after that it will be time for new leadership.
"Terms are like Shredded Wheat - two are wonderful but three might just be too many."
He named Mr Osborne, Home Secretary Theresa May and outgoing London mayor Boris Johnson as potential successors at the time.
But his position at the forefront of the campaign for the UK to remain in the European Union has meant some have questioned whether he can remain in the job if the 23 June referendum delivers a "Leave" result. The prime minister has said he will stay on, even if he ends up on the losing side.
But former chancellor Ken Clarke, a veteran pro-European Conservative, has suggested Mr Cameron "wouldn't last 30 seconds if he lost the referendum", predicting  the party would be "plunged into a Conservative leadership crisis". And UKIP leader Nigel Farage told the BBC last week he did not think Mr Cameron would remain PM if the UK votes to leave.
Others campaigning for the UK to leave, say Mr Cameron should stay regardless of the result. Commons leader Chris Grayling said in April: "It would be disastrous, in my view, for the Leave cause if we vote to leave and then we get distracted by a Conservative leadership contest. "  Former Conservative leadership contender David Davis has said he believes Mr Cameron could stay on, but would not be able to lead exit negotiations.


Researchers from Switzerland have confirmed what most of us already know - drinking a single glass of beer can make people more sociable.

The team from University Hospital in Basel tested 60 healthy people, with an equal number of men and women drinking alcoholic and non-alcoholic beer.
They took part in a range of tasks, including a face recognition test, empathy test and sexual arousal test.
The lead researcher said there had been little previous research in this area.
Prof Matthias Liechti explained: "Although many people drink beer and know its effects through personal experience there is surprisingly little scientific data on its effects on the processing of emotional social information."
The desire to be with others, in a happy, talkative and open environment increased in the group which drank the alcoholic beer and was more marked in women and those with higher initial inhibitions.
As well as enabling the participants to recognise happy faces more quickly, the beer also enhanced participants' emotional empathy, particularly in those with lower levels of initial empathy.
Participants were also shown pictures of explicit sexual content.
After drinking non-alcoholic beer, participants rated them as less pleasant than neutral pictures - but they were rated as more pleasant by those who drank alcoholic beer. This was most marked in the women participants, but researches found it did not actually enhance sexual arousal.
Earlier this year, the government revised the UK guidelines on drinking alcohol.
The advice is now that men and women should drink no more than 14 units of alcohol a week - the equivalent of six pints of average strength beer or seven glasses of wine.
They were revised due to the stronger evidence available that the risk of cancers, especially breast cancer, increases directly in line with consumption of alcohol.
Commenting on the research, Prof Wim van den Brink, past chairman of the ECNP scientific programme committee, said: "This is an interesting study confirming conventional wisdom that alcohol is a social lubricant and that moderate use of alcohol makes people happier, more social and less inhibited when it comes to sexual engagement.
"The sex differences in the findings can either be explained by differences in blood alcohol concentration between males and females with the same alcohol intake, differences in tolerance due to differences in previous levels of alcohol consumption or by socio-cultural factors."
He also pointed out that "alcohol-related emotions and cognitions as studied are not always consistent with actual behaviours".
The study is being published in the journal Psychopharmacology and presented at the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Congress Conference in Vienna.


The driver of a van who allegedly hit a pedestrian and left him bleeding to death in the Indian capital, Delhi, has been arrested.

The victim was on his way home from a night shift when he was struck by a small van on Wednesday, reports said.
CCTV footage circulating on the internet shows several cars driving by without anyone helping, while one man stops - to steal the victim's phone.
The incident has sparked a debate about values and compassion in modern India.
The Delhi government has announced that it will launch a scheme to reward those who come forward to help accident victims.
"It was very sad to know that the people didn't come forward and help the accident victim who lay bleeding on the road. The government has made a scheme to reward people, including auto or taxi drivers, for helping accident victims and rushing them to hospital," the Quint website quotes transport minister Satyendar Jain as saying.
CCTV footage, which has been aired by Indian TV networks, shows the victim being hit as he walks on the side of the road early in the morning.
The driver of the van is seen getting out to see what happened, before driving away.
Later, another man is seen approaching the victim from a rickshaw and stealing his mobile phone before walking off again.
It took almost 90 minutes before police took the heavily bleeding man to hospital, where he was declared dead.
The police said the driver was Rajesh Kumar Gupta, 25, who worked as a milk supplier for a popular brand.
He had been arrested and would be charged under relevant sections of the law, they said, adding that they were also trying to identify the phone thief.
Indian media said the victim, named as Matibool, had been working as a rickshaw driver during the day and as a security guard at night.
On social media, many Indians expressed anger and sadness at the incident, with many describing Delhi as a "heartless city"


In a surprise move, Russian President Vladimir Putin has ordered his military to start withdrawing the "main part" of its forces in Syria from Tuesday.

He said the Russian intervention had largely achieved its objectives.
The comments come amid fresh peace talks in Geneva aimed at resolving the five-year Syrian conflict.
Russia is a key ally of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, whose office said in a statement he had agreed to the move.
The pullout was "in accordance with the situation on the ground", the statement said.
Russia began its campaign of air strikes in Syria last September, tipping the balance in favour of the Syrian government and allowing it to recapture territory from rebels.
"I consider the mission set for the defence ministry and the armed forces on the whole has been accomplished," Mr Putin said in a meeting at the Kremlin.
"I am therefore ordering the defence ministry to begin the withdrawal of the main part of our military force from the Syrian Arab Republic from tomorrow."
When Russian air strikes began in Syria, President Assad's regime was on the brink of collapse. Less than six months later, Russia says its action allowed Syrian government troops to retake 10,000 sq km (3,860 sq miles) of territory.
By intervening, Vladimir Putin made clear that Russia was prepared to assert its interests. The results ensure Moscow a bigger say in what happens at the peace talks.
The decision to scale down Russian operations may partly be fuelled by cost, given falling oil prices; it could also be driven by a desire to end Russia's isolation and Western sanctions.
But whilst Vladimir Putin has ordered his foreign minister to focus efforts on the political front in Syria, he appears to be hedging his bets.
Critically, sophisticated air defence systems seem set to stay. And as we have never been told officially how many troops were ever sent to Syria, we are unlikely to know how many will remain.
Mr Putin said that Russia's Hmeimim air base in Latakia province and its Mediterranean naval base at Tartus would continue to operate as normal. He said both must be protected "from land, air and sea".
Syria's opposition cautiously welcomed the Russian announcement.
"If there is seriousness in implementing the withdrawal, it will give the [peace] talks a positive push," said Salim al-Muslat, spokesman for the opposition umbrella group, the High Negotiations Committee.
The US also gave a guarded response.
"We will have to see exactly what Russia's intentions are," said White House spokesman Josh Earnest.
President Obama has discussed the development with Mr Putin in a phone call, the White House and the Kremlin said, giving few details.
Source: Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu, quoted by Russian media
Separately, US officials said Washington had received no advance warning of Mr Putin's statement.
BBC diplomatic correspondent Jonathan Marcus says Russia has achieved its main goals in the intervention - consolidating President Assad's position, enabling his forces to re-take key pieces of strategic territory and ensuring that Mr Assad remains a factor in any future Syrian settlement.
Russia has long insisted its bombing campaign only targets terrorist groups but Western powers have complained the raids hit political opponents of President Assad.
The UN's envoy to Syria, Staffan de Mistura has meanwhile described the latest peace talks as a "moment of truth".
He said there was no "plan B" should the talks fail, with the only alternative a return to war.
A cessation of hostilities agreed by most participants in the conflict began late last month - but there have been reports of some violations on all sides.
In the latest fighting, Syrian government forces are reported to have advanced on so-called Islamic State's (IS) positions near the world heritage site of Palmyra.


Rotherham United have sacked manager Neil Redfearn after just four months in charge at the New York Stadium.

Redfearn, 50, joined Rotherham on a two-and-a-half-year deal in October after three years at Leeds United.
The Millers won only five of 21 games under Redfearn, losing 14, leaving them 22nd in the Championship table.
"As we all know football is a results driven business and our aim has to be to retain our Championship status," said chairman Tony Stewart.
"Our focus now is 100% behind appointing a first team manager as soon as possible."
Redfearn replaced current Leeds manager Steve Evans at Rotherham after he resigned from his role as academy boss at Elland Road.
They were knocked out of the FA Cup by Leeds last month and are winless in four league games, having lost at Bolton, the team immediately below them in the table, on Saturday.
The club have yet to clarify the position of Nicky Eaden, who was appointed as Redfearn's assistant on a two-and-a-half year contract only four days ago.


A B-52 bomber has crashed shortly after take-off at a US base in Guam, the US Air Force says.

It says all seven crew members safely left the aircraft after the incident at 08:30 local time (22:30 GMT Wednesday) at Andersen Air Force Base.
The US Air Force told the BBC it was treating the incident as a "mishap".
The bomber was deployed to the US island territory from North Dakota as part of the military's continuous presence in the Pacific.
Local news site Kuam quoted the Guam governor's office as saying: "We assure the public this does not appear to be an attack."
The B-52 bomber: Long-standing symbol of US strength
America's iconic war machine
The crew members from the 69th Expeditionary Bomb Squadron were on a routine training mission, the Air Force said in a statement.
It said steps were being taken to minimise the environmental impact, without providing further details.
B-52s are still going strong after 60 years in service in the US military - from Vietnam to Afghanistan.
Their main function is to provide the US with immediate conventional and nuclear global strike capability.
Guam is a US territory in Micronesia in the western Pacific, about 6,000km (3,700 miles) west of Hawaii.
The US Army's bases there are considered among the most strategically important in the region.
In 2008,  six crew members died when a B-52 crashed into the sea near Guam.


Spain's Garbine Muguruza started the defence of her French Open title by beating 2010 champion Francesca Schiavone 6-2 6-4.

Fourth seed Muguruza went into the match having won only three times on clay this season, but she cruised through the first set.
Italian Schiavone, 36, won three games in a row to lead the second set but Muguruza fought back to win.
Muguruza will face Estonia's Anett Kontaveit in the second round.
"I cannot believe in the first round we have two ex-champions. Not only that but Francesca is a legend and I was very excited to play on Philippe Chatrier court with her," said Muguruza.
Muguruza defeated Serena Williams to win her maiden Grand Slam title a year ago, but the 23-year-old needs to return to the final to stay in the world's top 10.
"I know I played good here before, but that doesn't make me extra confident this year. I have to play well to earn that confidence again," she said.
Schiavone, who is 37 in June, played in the tournament for the final time before her retirement at the end of the year.
Caroline Wozniacki had to fight hard to beat Australian Jaimee Fourlis 6-4 3-6 6-2.
Wildcard Fourlis, aged 17 and at 337 the lowest-ranked player in the main draw, pushed the 11th seeded Dane in the second set.
But Wozniacki, who had to retire during last week's Strasbourg tournament because of a lower-back injury, regained control in the deciding set.


A claim that the death of a 13-month-old girl may have been caused by a sexual assault has been questioned in court by a forensic expert.

Poppi Worthington died after being found with a serious injury at her home in Barrow, Cumbria, in December 2012.
Her father, Paul Worthington, 47, was later questioned on suspicion of sexual assault but never charged with any offence. He denies any wrongdoing.
A family court hearing in Liverpool has been reviewing the medical evidence.
Forensic physician Dr Victoria Aziz told the hearing she disagreed with a claim Poppi died as a result of a sexual injury, saying she would have expected there to be more injuries on the child's body if she had been sexually abused.
Pathologist Dr Alison Armour, who carried out the post-mortem examination, has said she believes Poppi died from such abuse.
Dr Armour, who spoke at the hearing last week, said that the passing of time and the opinions of other doctors had not changed her mind.
Cumbria Police has been criticised by the judge, Mr Justice Peter Jackson, for not carrying out a proper investigation into Poppi's death for nine months.
A spokesman for the force said three officers had been suspended.
Dr Aziz, who has many years of experience dealing with sexual abuse victims, said she disagreed that the baby had suffered the kind of attack Dr Amour believed she had.
Dr Aziz told the hearing she would have expected to have seen more significant injuries on Poppi's body.
Jane Cross QC, representing Cumbria County Council, said there was evidence that Poppi was bleeding when she was taken to hospital and asked Dr Aziz what could have caused it.
Dr Aziz said she could not answer the question because she was not a paediatrician.
Dr Aziz was then asked what could have been the reason for the bleeding.
She replied that although she accepted there was blood, she had no plausible explanation for what could have caused it.
Dr Aziz added it was not her field of expertise to say what had caused the bleeding.
The hearing continues.


Permission has been given for a new natural gas power station to be built in Knottingley, West Yorkshire.

The Department for Energy and Climate Change approved the plant after a recommendation by the Planning Inspectorate.
It will provide electricity for up to two million homes, according to developer Electricity Supply Board.
ESB said it would create more than 1,000 construction jobs and around 50 permanent posts.
Construction is expected to begin in 2017, with operation starting in 2020.


New manager Mark Cooper has called for unity at Notts County and has said out-of-favour midfielder Stanley Aborah has a future at the ailing League Two side.

Media playback is not supported on this device
Cooper, 47, was confirmed as Jamie Fullarton's replacement on Sunday, with the Scot having lasted just 70 days.
Fullarton's sacking came at the end of a spell that has seen a public row with Aborah, fans' protests and owner Ray Trew putting the club up for sale.
"It's time to come together," Cooper told BBC Radio Nottingham.
"We need everybody behind the club and the players to make sure it is a really good end to the season.
"I have had a chat with Stan. On both parts maybe the situation could have been dealt with differently. But I want to put as many good players as I can in the team.
"Stan comes into the reckoning as much as anybody. He is a good footballer and if he can help then he will play."
Cooper, the third Notts manager this season after Ricardo Moniz and Fullarton, takes over with the club on 40 points, 13 above the relegation zone with 10 games remaining.
But he played down the talk of achieving a set points total that will guarantee him continuing as manager when his initial contract expires at the end of the season.
"It's not as cast-iron as that," Cooper said. "It will be a case of me looking at the club and the chairman can have a look at me and we will see what we do at the end of season.
"If we can bring some stability and unity to the playing staff, the club and the supporters, then the future will be bright.
"The players were very receptive to what we are trying to put in place. We are trying to take the reins off them and give them a bit of a freedom.
"It's a fresh start and sometimes a new broom sweeps clean."
You can see Mark Cooper's first interview as Notts manager at BBC Radio Nottingham's Facebook page.


After nine years of following her every move, many political commentators in Berlin have grown bored and frustrated by Angela Merkel.

They accuse the leader of Europe's biggest nation of constant triangulation and of a lack of strong leadership.
Angela the Hesitant is one of her friendlier nicknames.
Or at least it used to be.
Imagine the surprise when the German chancellor used her annual television address on New Year's Eve for a strong denunciation of a growing wave of anti-foreigner demonstrations.
She didn't mention Pegida, the German acronym for "patriotic Europeans against the Islamisation of the West", but everybody knew to whom Mrs Merkel was referring.
"Too often their hearts are cold, and nurse prejudices or even hatred," she said.
After the Paris mass murder - 17 people died last week in attacks on Charlie Hebdo magazine, a Jewish supermarket and a policewoman - Mrs Merkel followed up and attended a vigil organised by a German Muslim group at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin.
"I am the chancellor of all Germans. Islam is part of Germany," she said.
Whatever one makes of the conservative leader's utterances - there is no doubt that Mrs Merkel is taking an electoral risk.
Traditionally, her Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and particularly its Bavarian sister party, Christian Social Union (CSU), have tried very hard not to give rise to a party to their right.
So when the peaceful Pegida marches first started back in the autumn, a lot of conservative politicians stressed the importance of dialogue and declared themselves willing to understand the underlying causes of protesters' fears.
After all, the Eurosceptic Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD), who share a group with the British Conservatives in the European Parliament much to Mrs Merkel's annoyance, has recently made inroads into traditional conservative voters, not least in the former Communist East of the country.
There is talk of an alliance between AfD and Pegida already.
And an opinion poll by YouGov before Christmas found that a third of Germans agreed with some of Pegida's points, particularly the scepticism towards Muslim immigration.
Some observers worry Mrs Merkel may have raised Pegida's profile further by taking their xenophobic views head-on.
The chancellor, better aware than most of the way Germany is watched carefully around Europe, clearly thought differently.
So what exactly is Pegida?
The group was founded in Dresden, where a small march of a few hundred has snowballed into weekly Monday demonstrations by - at the last count - 25,000 people.
The attempt of Germans elsewhere to imitate this success as Bargida (Berlin), Kogida (Cologne) or Legida (Leipzig) has failed miserably - never more than a few hundred people were often dwarfed by the numbers on protest marches, which have been organised with increasing frequency.
More than 100,000 in many cities, both East and West, demonstrated for a diverse, tolerant Germany with a generous attitude to refugees - about 200,000 reached the country last year from war-torn Syria alone.
The housing of asylum-seekers is often badly managed and places great strain on some communities, where they tend to reside in the poorer parts of a town or village.
Yet, according to a study by Dresden's technical university, the attitude of Pegida marchers goes beyond hostility towards immigration and asylum problems.
Not even a quarter of the roughly 400 participants questioned on one of the last three demonstrations declared themselves worried about Islam.
Most, however, talked about a general disillusionment with politics and the media.
While two out of three marchers refused to talk to the scientists, thereby imitating the explicit refusal of the organisers to speak to the media, those who did talk came from a solid lower-middle-class background:
A lot of Germans take great pride in their birthplaces, regional accents are cultivated in all echelons of society, a little banter about "the most beautiful place" and "the hippest city" seems almost inevitable whenever people from different regions meet.
Like the inhabitants of Hamburg, Cologne or Munich, Dresdeners express tremendous local pride - nowhere else could life be better than in their home town.
"People from Cologne say similar things," says Peter Carstens, who was born in the cathedral city on the Rhine and spent four years in Dresden as a correspondent for Frankfurter Allgemeine before moving to Berlin.
"The difference is, in Cologne you are allowed to dispute the claim."
Many Dresdeners, on the other hand, remain convinced of the uniqueness of their own city.
There are historical reasons for that, both good and bad.
Hundreds of years ago, civic pride in Dresden was symbolic of the townspeople's determination to hold on to their traditions and values.
The town was Protestant, the court of Augustus the Strong (1694-1733) and his successors was Catholic.
The uneasy cohabitation resulted in a competition as to which party could add the most beautiful building to the town's skyline.
The protestant Frauenkirche, finished in 1743, became not just a prime example of baroque architecture but a symbol of Dresdeners' autonomy.
So the collapse of the church's dome, two days after the devastating British bombing raids on 13 February 1945, shattered not just a spectacular building.
The ruins of the Frauenkirche became a symbol for a particular kind of dogged civic pride and the focus of peace demonstrations, which were not controlled by the Communist rulers.
It culminated in the reconstruction of the building, supported by generous private donors not least from Britain and the US.
In fact, a lot of British efforts devoted to the post-War reconciliation were focused on Dresden.
By singling out the undoubtedly very beautiful Eastern city as a symbol for many, often more damaged, places in Germany, they unwittingly followed in the footsteps of Joseph Goebbels.
In the last months of the war, Hitler's propaganda minister talked up the "Allied war crime" to inspire an even more dogged defence of the Fatherland against the invading troops, particularly from Soviet Russia.
"Nazi propaganda celebrated its last success," says the military historian Rolf-Dieter Muller - not least with an unscrupulous manipulation of casualty figures.
While police experts in Dresden concluded the most likely number of deaths to be 25,000, Goebbels increased that horrendous figure tenfold.
The Communist rulers of East Germany perpetuated the myth, as did well-meaning British observers who chose Dresden as the symbol of the horrors of aerial war and a centre for post-War reconciliation.
Thus the already well-established exceptionalism of Dresdeners was reinforced by outsiders.
The War casualties, macabre though it may seem, have become a totemic figure, and no expert opinion will sway the hardcore from the perceived special place of their town.
There is very little talk of Dresden as an integral part of the Nazis' war machine, a railway hub to the Eastern front.
The local gauleiter, Martin Mutschmann, was one of the most vocal anti-semites, Dresden's Jews suffered just as much if not more than in other places in the Reich.
Since re-unification, foreigners have been hunted and killed by neo-Nazi thugs, the hooligans of the local football club are notorious for their violence.
When a racist German knifed an Egyptian scientist to death in a Dresden court-house in 2009, the police initially didn't aim for the blond perpetrator. Instead, they shot and injured the victim's dark-skinned husband, who had tried to come to her rescue.
There is no point extrapolating from terrible crimes of individuals to the attitude of a whole city.
But it is true to say that what counts for many Dresdeners, at least those marching with Pegida, is the status of their "beautiful city" as a victim not a perpetrator.
When a commission of respected historians, led by Mr Muller, concluded in 2007 the casualty figure of February 1945 to indeed be 25,000 (plus or minus 20%), a lot of Dresdeners refused to accept the result.
The disdain for undisputable facts, presented by experts, bears more than a passing resemblance to the casual way that Pegida representatives dismiss the statistics of foreigners or indeed Muslims living in Germany.
Immediately after the fall of the Wall, the commemoration of the terrible events of February 1945 was hijacked by Neo-Nazis.
Patiently and steadfastly, Dresden civic society regained "their" date as a symbol for peace and reconciliation.
To deal with Pegida and the damage it does to their beautiful city's reputation, the decent majority will have to manage a similar turnaround.
Organisations helping foreigners already report an increase in the number of volunteers - people seem to follow the chancellor's call for help.
@sebastianborger is the London correspondent for Berliner Zeitung.


Tottenham forward Clinton Njie is to join French side Marseille on a permanent deal after the two clubs agreed a deal.

The Cameroon international, 23, was on loan to the Ligue 1 club last season, scoring four goals.
Njie joined Spurs from Lyon in 2015 for a reported £10m and made 14 appearances for the club, though he suffered a serious knee injury in December 2015.
"We wish Clinton all the best for the future," Tottenham said.


Without sounding wise after the event, I saw the surprise coming.

England's team selection for the first Test against Pakistan, which begins at Lord's on Thursday, raised a few eyebrows.
Gary Ballance, without a great deal of form in 2016 for Yorkshire until a hundred against Middlesex last week, was recalled for his first international since last year's Ashes ahead of Scott Borthwick, who was the obvious candidate to bat at number three.
Borthwick has scored lots of runs for Durham and had been in great nick, but since England's last Test he has registered three single-figure scores in the County Championship.
And there's the problem England have, one I identified at the end of their series win against Sri Lanka.
There is so much loyalty to players already in the team, especially batsmen, that they are not replaced by the men who are in form in county cricket.
By the time they get round to making a change, the potential replacement - the man in a purple patch - could have lost that good touch.
Now, it looks a little bit of a hotchpotch in England's top five.
Joe Root has been promoted to number three, a position where he has not had a great time in the past.
Granted, that was a very difficult tour of Australia and Root was not the player that he is now, but he has done so well at number four. Why would you move the guy who has been successful?
It is a move to accommodate Ballance, showing that England are not quite convinced about him.
Root is a very good player and he might slot in very nicely at three but he has batted so nicely at four, it is certainly a gamble by England.
Despite his relatively modest time in domestic cricket, you can see why England were desperate to get Ballance back into the side.
He had a tough time last summer that eventually led to his omission, but this is a guy who scored four centuries in his first nine Tests and has an average of 47.76. He is also a cricketer of tremendous character.
But if Ballance has not addressed the technical issues that resulted in his downfall a year ago, he will be found out.
The left-hander has a huge step back towards his stumps, one that allows the pace bowlers to push the ball fuller, giving it more chance to swing.
Against the likes of Wahab Riaz and Mohammad Amir (more on him later), Ballance will have to move his feet because hiding back in the crease will make him susceptible to being bowled or caught behind the wicket.
Ballance has been done a bit of a favour by the selectors. They have recalled him without the runs that others have got in the County Championship and he does not have to go in at his old position of number three.
Now they will be looking for a return on their investment.
All of this is part of an ongoing problem with the England top order, one that has barely gone more than one series without a new face or a reshuffle since the retirement of Andrew Strauss in 2012.
A lot of that has been down to the struggle to find a replacement for opener Strauss and England were unlucky to lose James Taylor, but the fact remains that to win Tests you have to score runs.
Indeed, despite some very good recent results, England have been 100-3 or worse in 24 of their past 34 completed innings.
It is hard to say how this problem has arisen, but England need to find a way for the whole order to click. They need to play with confidence, but not recklessness, especially when they get the opportunity to bat on good pitches.
For all the uncertainty over the batting, the pace bowling department remains in good order, even without the injured James Anderson.
Jake Ball, who was in the squad for the Sri Lanka series but did not play, is likely to get the nod over fellow uncapped bowler Toby Roland-Jones and I am looking forward to seeing him bowl.
While Anderson is a big miss, England have been here before. It is typical of the character of Stuart Broad that he invariably steps up to the challenge of leading the attack, rather than wilting under the pressure.
And so to what is likely to dominate much of the conversation at Lord's: Mohammad Amir's return to the ground where he was caught spot-fixing six years ago.
Some have said he should not be playing, that he should have been banned for life, but my view is that he was a naive 18-year-old who was pressurised by a corrupt captain. I am inclined to be lenient.
In taking each case on its own merits, I would treat Amir differently to co-conspirators Mohammad Asif and Salman Butt, with Butt in an influential position of captain.
Amir was a young man who has been encouraged to come back - that is a good thing. It shows cricket is a grown-up sport.
But, on the other hand, I do not agree with some views on social media - mainly from Pakistan fans - that the issue should now be left alone.
We cannot and should not forget. I do not want the crowd to give him a hard time but if he gets a few jeers when he bowls a no-ball then that goes with the territory. He did what he did.
Amir will be a talking point throughout and talking about what he did and the punishment he served - he went to jail, remember - should serve as a deterrent to others.
He has served his time, but we will never forget.
While we may talk about Amir, England must put any ill feeling to one side and play the ball and not the man.
That is because the left-armer Amir is a terrific bowler, one who can swing the ball at high speed and cause total devastation.
He will be backed up by another dangerous left-arm pace bowler, Wahab Riaz, and the skilful leg-spin of Yasir Shah, who could be a handful on the bouncier pitches of Old Trafford and The Oval.
With those three in the side, we know Pakistan are likely to bowl well, so a lot will depend on how they bat.
They have some good players who can bat long, not least the captain Misbah-ul-Haq, a man who loves Test cricket and will be determined to make the most of what will be his only tour of England.
England must bowl a full length, bring the Pakistan batsmen on to the front foot and make them deal with the moving ball.
Make no mistake, this will be a stern challenge for Alastair Cook's men.
Jonathan Agnew was speaking to BBC Sport's Stephan Shemilt.


A man and a child have been killed after a light aircraft made an emergency landing on a beach in Portugal.

Authorities said the incident took place on Sao Joao beach in Caparica, south-west of Lisbon.
The National Maritime Authority said a middle-aged man and a young girl died after they were unable to avoid the plane.
The plane's only two occupants were unharmed, it added.
The Diario de Noticias newspaper quoted an eyewitness who said the plane had been flying at a low altitude over the beach, although he did not realise anything was wrong until other beachgoers began running.
One young witness told Reuters news agency: "I was near the water when I saw the plane. I called my parents, the plane fell on the sand and ran over two people, fatally hurting them and another was injured, I think, but I'm not sure, people were running away.
"The plane is still there, but the ambulances arrived quickly. I think maybe the fuel ran out because I find it weird that it landed on the beach."
Other reports said the victims had been sunbathing when the plane made its emergency landing.
The Associated Press news agency said the girl who died had been with her parents, who were unhurt. The agency quoted witnesses from local television broadcasts.
Joao Quadros, who was on the beach, tweeted photos of the aftermath, saying the plane had passed by his son by a matter of metres. There had been no noise, he said.
End of Twitter post  by @omalestafeito
Video footage from the scene carried by local broadcasters showed a small recreational plane parked on the sand, apparently intact and surrounded by beachgoers and emergency workers. One wing seemed to be misaligned in those photos.
The cause of the emergency landing remains unclear.


They are calling it the changing of the Stormont guard.

Next month's Northern Ireland Assembly election will see a huge turnover in faces on the MLA benches.
At least a third of those elected in 2011 are not even standing in May.
But is it a case of the more things change the more they stay the same?
To find out, I asked a group of teenagers whom I will call the children of the Belfast Agreement - sixth form politics students from two north Belfast schools - Belfast Royal Academy and Dominican College.
They were born around the same time as the historic deal and will be able to vote for the first time in May's assembly elections.
In general they are a lot kinder than many of those who phone radio talk shows to give their verdicts on our politicians.
But what they say will still resonate with those who believe that eighteen years on from Good Friday 1998, simply agreeing to share power is no longer enough.
Dominican sixth former Orlaith Feenan said young people needed to find out what was going on and become more engaged in politics.
"People mightn't watch or be interested in debates at Stormont because it seems just like a bunch of old, white conservative males shouting at each other when really there's a lot that's going on beneath that," she said.
Niamh Carroll from Belfast Royal Academy (BRA) said politicians seemed "to kind of manufacture crises for themselves".
"Every other week it seems we are hearing of a crisis whereas I don't think the public understands why they're making such a big deal out of some of these issues," she said.
Eimear Stanton from Dominican called for the assembly to be more representative of the people living here.
"I would like more young people, more women, more ethnic minorities rather than just the same faces that you've seen for the past 20 or 30 years," she said.
Despite criticism, Abigail Magill from BRA said she believed great progress had been made "from the very difficult background that we've come from".
"The very nature of the executive is, I think, remarkable. That you have completely opposing parties, even if at times they don't get on well, it's still remarkable in itself," she added.
BRA politics teacher Katrina Barnett said her students were not motivated by the old orange/green politics.
"They are very issue-driven and looking for a party that represents them and they're maybe not seeing that which can be a wee bit disengaging for them," she said.
Her counterpart in Dominican, Stephen Jenkins said "interest in politics always ebbs and flows".
"There was a massive influx of students after the Good Friday Agreement and again when Barack Obama was running for the Presidency," he said.
"I think an influx of new people in the assembly would lead to a rejuvenation of interest in politics at an academic level in schools and universities."
So the verdict from the Good Friday Agreement generation is mixed at best. What about the Class of 1998 - those politicians elected to the Assembly after the signing of the Agreement.
Former Alliance MLA Seamus Close said new politicians do not necessarily mean better politics.
"The politicians that will be elected in 2016, the vast majority of them will have less baggage than those that were elected in 1998," said the former MLA who is now a media commentator.
"But I think it has also got to be remembered that the ones who did the deals were the ones that came through the hard graft through the 70s, the 80s and the 90s and were able, to a large degree, to bury the past and continue to work and try to bring things together for the people of Northern Ireland."
But former Ulster Unionist minister, Dermot Nesbitt, has a different perspective.
"Eighteen years after the Second World War it was Beatlemania and I was a teenager and to me the war didn't exist," he said.
"We had moved on from warfare in 1963 and indeed the Beatles played in Hamburg quite often, a town blitzed by bomber command, and yet we had moved on so I can understand it if they say 'here we are eighteen years after the Belfast Agreement and we're still arguing at times over the same old same old'. It is time the politicians from all parties moved on."
After May, the children of the Belfast Agreement, the class of 1998 and everyone else will know if that is going to happen.


Former undisputed heavyweight world champion Mike Tyson claims he is "on the verge of dying" from ongoing drug and alcohol problems.

Tyson, 47, admitted he is a continual substance abuser but added he is hopeful of finally getting clean.
I hope they can forgive me, I want to live a different life now
"I want to live my sober life. I don't want to die. I'm on the verge of dying, because I'm a vicious alcoholic," Tyson said on ESPN's "Friday Night Fights".
"I'm a bad guy sometimes. I did a lot of bad things, I want to be forgiven."
At the age of 20, in 1987, the American fighter held the record as the youngest boxer to win the WBC, WBA and IBF heavyweight titles.
But five years later Brooklyn-born Tyson was convicted of raping Desiree Washington and sentenced to six years in prison.
He returned to the ring but retired from the sport in 2006 and in 2007 was sentenced to 24 hours in jail and 360 hours of community service for drug possession and driving under the influence.
Tyson, who now works as a boxing promoter, added: "I hope they can forgive me. I want to change my life, I want to live a different life now.
"I haven't drank or took drugs in six days, and for me that's a miracle.
"I've been lying to everybody that thinks I was sober, but I'm not. This is my sixth day. I'm never going to use again."


Huddersfield Giants ran in 11 tries in an easy win over Featherstone Rovers to bounce back from their opening defeat in The Qualifiers at Salford.

The hosts were 28-6 up at half-time as forward Oliver Roberts twice went over.
Ryan Brierley, Ukuma Ta'ia and Kyle Wood all crossed twice and Gene Ormsby, Michael Lawrence and Ryan Hinchcliffe once each to complete the rout.
John Davies, Luke Briscoe and Ian Hardman touched down for the visitors, who have now lost both their matches.


The daughter of Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Mpho, says part of her was "stripped away" when she had to relinquish the Anglican priesthood over her same-sex marriage, writes Justine Lang.

Reverend Canon Mpho Tutu van Furth followed her father into a life in the Anglican church, but when she decided to marry the woman she loved, she had to leave.
She married her long-term Dutch girlfriend, Marceline van Furth, in a small private ceremony in the Netherlands at the end of last year, but they went public last month when they had a wedding celebration in Cape Town.
"My marriage sounds like a coming out party," explains Ms Tutu van Furth.
"Falling in love with Marceline was as much as a surprise to me as to everyone else," she tells me.
Marceline van Furth is a specialist in paediatric infectious disease and is based in Holland. She is also an atheist.
Prior to the announcement of their marriage, Ms Tutu van Furth's sexuality was never made public, and she had previously been married to a man with whom she had two children.
While same-sex marriage was legalised in South Africa in 2006, South African Anglican law on marriage states: "Holy matrimony is the lifelong and exclusive union between one man and one woman."
Same-sex marriages are not recognised and when it comes to gay clerics, the church is very clear - they must remain celibate.
Ms Tutu van Furth feared that her marriage would mean losing her licence to practice as a priest.
And indeed shortly after her wedding, her diocese decided to withdraw it. And that is when she said she would hand it back as she thought this was a more dignified option with the same effect.
"It was incredibly sad for me.
"A few years ago I celebrated the Eucharist with my father... and now to be in a position that I cannot serve at the alter with him... I was surprised by how much it hurt," she reveals.
And while her father, Archbishop Emeritus Desmond Tutu, now 84, has been very supportive of her marriage, she says she is also very aware that he has to be careful to allow the conversation to unfold as opposed to picking a fight.
Despite this, his views on homophobia have always been very clear.
In July 2013, while speaking at a UN-backed campaign to promote gay rights, he said: "I would refuse to go to a homophobic heaven.
"No, I would say sorry. I mean I would much rather go to the other place," he said, equating the campaign against homophobia to that waged in South Africa against racism.
Ms Tutu van Furth would like her marriage to help progress what she calls the "very important conversation'" that needs to be had in the church regarding same-sex marriage.
"What is so absolute that we can't pass beyond this point?" she asks.
"Not only do we have gay, lesbian, transgender, bisexual people of every description sitting in our pews, to be perfectly honest we have all of those people standing in our pulpits too.
"And yet very often they sit in fear in the pews and they stand in fear in the pulpits because they are not free to fully own who they are and who they love."
She is also keen that the church look at what woman like her at the altar can do to draw the young towards the church.
As a lipstick-wearing black woman in robes, she knows that she is not your typical Anglican priest.
"I want that young girl to look at me and realize that is what priests can look like," she explains.
The Tutu van Furths' careers and children force them to live 9,600km (5,965miles) apart.
Mpho Tutu van Furth is in Cape Town running her parents' foundation and her partner is in Amsterdam practising medicine.
Living apart, she says, is not ideal.
"We are newly-weds like every other set of newly-weds and it sucks. Living apart is not a good and joyful thing.
"It's a huge challenge to us but we talk umpteen times a day. God bless the internet, we love it," she says.
They have four children between them, ranging from 10 years old to 19 years old from their first marriages.
Ms Tutu van Furth realised that when she fell in love, she would have to make a very difficult choice between being a priest or being with the person she loved.
It was, she says, one of the hardest choices of her life.
"I shouldn't have to choose but in the end you always choose love. Everything else will fall into place somehow. When in doubt do the most loving thing."
The Anglican Church in South Africa has indicated that it is looking at adopting pastoral guidelines for members who enter same-sex unions.
But it is not clear whether there will be any change when it comes to same-sex marriages of church clerics.


A teenage boy has been found guilty of stabbing a police dog and wounding his handler during a chase.

PC Dave Wardell and his German shepherd Finn were attacked in Stevenage in October while responding to an earlier report of a robbery.
The 16-year-old from London, who cannot be named because of his age, was found guilty of actual bodily harm against PC Wardell and criminal damage in relation to PD Finn.
He will be sentenced next month.
PC Wardell and Finn were attacked in the early hours of 5 October in Denton Road in the Hertfordshire town.
'I begged the vet to save my boy'
More on this and other news from Hertfordshire
The seven-year-old dog, from the Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire dog unit, was stabbed with a 30cm (12in) hunting knife in the head and chest and underwent four hours of emergency surgery to save his life.
Magistrates at Stevenage Youth Court heard the blade narrowly missed the police dog's heart.
The officer's hand was stabbed and he was treated in hospital and released.
A teenager from Lewisham, south-east London, was arrested and charged the following day.
At an earlier hearing he admitted possession of a knife and an imitation firearm but denied attacking Finn and PC Wardell.
Appearing at his one-day trial with his mother, the boy told magistrates he was acting in self-defence, fearing for his safety and being "bitten up" by the dog.
PC Wardell broke down in court as he described the attack, and "the largest knife" he had ever seen.
"I was in fear of my life, and in fear of Finn dying in front of me," he said.
"Finn is one of the highest trained dogs in the police force, I wished neither Finn nor myself were in that garden, but we were."
District Judge Jo Matson told the defendant she found his evidence "not credible or truthful".
"Stabbing a dog you know to be a police dog and lunging a knife at a police officer were not necessary or proportionate," she said.
The teenager is expected to be sentenced at court in Bromley, south London, on 6 June.
PC Wardell and Finn have now recovered from their injuries, and returned to work together just before Christmas.
PD Finn, now aged eight, retired from active duty at the end of March.


Jason Cummings scored on his debut as Nottingham Forest edged into the second round of the EFL Cup with victory over League One side Shrewsbury Town.

Forest made 11 changes to the side that beat Millwall 1-0 in their Championship opener on Friday, but were still full of experience and led through Mustapha Carayol's penalty.
Cummings ran onto a Carayol pass to make it 2-0 after the break.
Shaun Whalley's penalty gave the Shrews hope but Forest held on to progress.
Carayol's cool spot-kick, after he was felled by Abu Ogogo, and a well-struck near-post shot by Scottish striker Cummings looked like ensuring a relatively smooth home win on a miserable, rain-soaked night at the City Ground.
But despite Whalley scoring after Niall Ennis was bundled over in the box by Matt Mills, Forest managed to survive a nervy final 10 minutes which saw Dimitar Evtimov make a fine injury-time save from Alex Rodman's close-range effort.
Match ends, Nottingham Forest 2, Shrewsbury Town 1.
Second Half ends, Nottingham Forest 2, Shrewsbury Town 1.
Attempt saved. Alex Rodman (Shrewsbury Town) header from the centre of the box is saved in the top centre of the goal.
Foul by Andreas Bouchalakis (Nottingham Forest).
Alex Rodman (Shrewsbury Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Shrewsbury Town. Conceded by Tendayi Darikwa.
Attempt saved. Jason Cummings (Nottingham Forest) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner.
Tendayi Darikwa (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Alex Rodman (Shrewsbury Town).
Attempt missed. Chris Cohen (Nottingham Forest) left footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the right.
Corner,  Shrewsbury Town. Conceded by Ben Osborn.
Corner,  Shrewsbury Town. Conceded by Ben Osborn.
Corner,  Shrewsbury Town. Conceded by Matt Mills.
Substitution, Shrewsbury Town. Lenell John-Lewis replaces Niall Ennis.
Substitution, Shrewsbury Town. Louis Dodds replaces Ebou Adams.
Eric Lichaj (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Niall Ennis (Shrewsbury Town).
Corner,  Nottingham Forest. Conceded by Ebou Adams.
Goal!  Nottingham Forest 2, Shrewsbury Town 1. Shaun Whalley (Shrewsbury Town) converts the penalty with a right footed shot to the centre of the goal.
Penalty conceded by Matt Mills (Nottingham Forest) after a foul in the penalty area.
Penalty Shrewsbury Town. Niall Ennis draws a foul in the penalty area.
Goal!  Nottingham Forest 2, Shrewsbury Town 0. Jason Cummings (Nottingham Forest) left footed shot from the left side of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Chris Cohen following a fast break.
Ben Osborn (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Ebou Adams (Shrewsbury Town).
Substitution, Nottingham Forest. Tyler Walker replaces Apostolos Vellios.
Attempt blocked. Jason Cummings (Nottingham Forest) right footed shot from the right side of the box is blocked.
Attempt missed. Tendayi Darikwa (Nottingham Forest) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
Foul by Chris Cohen (Nottingham Forest).
James Bolton (Shrewsbury Town) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Andreas Bouchalakis (Nottingham Forest) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Foul by Ebou Adams (Shrewsbury Town).
Substitution, Shrewsbury Town. Shaun Whalley replaces Arthur Gnahoua.
Jason Cummings (Nottingham Forest) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Jason Cummings (Nottingham Forest).
Junior Brown (Shrewsbury Town) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Substitution, Nottingham Forest. Tendayi Darikwa replaces Daniel Fox.
Substitution, Nottingham Forest. Ben Osborn replaces Kieran Dowell.
Foul by Matt Mills (Nottingham Forest).
Alex Rodman (Shrewsbury Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Corner,  Shrewsbury Town. Conceded by Chris Cohen.


A farmers' union has called on the Welsh Government to take decisive action to eradicate bovine tuberculosis (TB).

NFU Cymru said a sharp increase in the number of cattle slaughtered in Pembrokeshire is "hugely damaging".
The remarks come on the opening day of the Pembrokeshire County Show.
The Welsh Government said it would continue to tackle all sources of infection "in the most appropriate way to address the TB situation in Wales".
Statistics recently released by the Welsh Government revealed that in the 12 months to May 2016, 8,973 cattle were slaughtered in Wales due to bovine TB - a 37% increase on the previous year.
In Pembrokeshire, 2,652 cattle were slaughtered in the same period - a 61% increase on the previous year.
However, the number of new herd incidents of the disease in Wales had dropped by 17%.
Speaking at the Pembrokeshire County Show, near Haverfordwest, NFU Cymru president and dairy farmer Stephen James said: "This scale of loss is hugely damaging and totally unsustainable for the industry in Pembrokeshire.
"These latest figures are a clear illustration that the measures currently in place to eradicate this disease are not working in parts of the country like Pembrokeshire where the disease is also endemic in the wildlife population.
"If we are to eradicate bovine TB in Wales then this government has to support the implementation of a policy that will actively remove the disease from the wildlife population in areas of Wales where both cattle and badgers are suffering."
A spokesman for the Welsh Government said the environment and rural affairs secretary would consider options for a "refreshed" TB programme over the coming weeks.
"As part of that, she will be considering the wildlife issue alongside new cattle and biosecurity measures," the spokesman said.
"It is clear from the epidemiological evidence presented to date that we should be exploring a more targeted approach at farm and area level."


Middlesbrough head coach Aitor Karanka says his side fully deserve to be top of the Championship table with three games left to play.

Boro are unbeaten in their last seven matches and are two points clear of second-placed Burnley, who drew 1-1 with Karanka's team on Tuesday.
"We are top of the table because we have an amazing squad and we have an amazing club," Karanka told BBC Tees.
"We are in a privileged position and we showed everyone we are a good team."
He added: "If we are at the top of the table at this point, it is no coincidence.
"We can say that we've lost two points, but I prefer to keep calm with the performance and with the players."
Jordan Rhodes gave Boro the lead with 20 minutes left to play against Burnley, but Michael Keane's 92nd-minute equaliser rescued a point for the Clarets.
"The way we were playing it was difficult to lose, but we played really well and everybody could feel at home and feel the difference between us and Burnley," Karanka said.
"We have a lot of different ways to get the ball into the box and they have just one: long balls."
Middlesbrough face Ipswich and Birmingham City before they meet promotion-chasing Brighton at the Riverside on the final day of the season.
"At home we are a really confident team and we have won the last three games there," Karanka said.
"We need the supporters' help because we're going to need everything at this point of the season, where every point is gold."


Australia will introduce stricter visa requirements for skilled workers from overseas, the government said.

The 457 visa programme is used mainly to hire foreign workers in the restaurant, IT and medical industries - the majority came from India, the UK and China.
But PM Malcolm Turnbull said it would be abolished to prioritise the recruitment of Australian nationals.
Critics of 457 said Australian workers lost out to foreign counterparts.
In its place, two new temporary visas will carry additional requirements and draw from a smaller list of eligible professions.
"The new system will be manifestly, rigorously, resolutely conducted in the national interest," Mr Turnbull said on Tuesday.
A four-year business visa which allowed people to live in Australia with their immediate family.
It was designed to fill gaps in skilled labour but it had been criticised as being too accessible.
In 2016, the most 457s were granted to cooks, developers, programmers and medical workers
According to government statistics, 95,758 people were living in Australia on 457 visas last year, with the highest proportion coming from India (24.6%), the UK (19.5%) and China (5.8%).
Mr Turnbull said the current four-year 457 system will be replaced by visas lasting two or four years.
For the shorter visa, more than 200 jobs will be removed from an existing list of about 650 eligible professions.
The list for the longer visa will be even more strict, said Immigration Minister Peter Dutton.
The changes will also require applicants to be more proficient in English, undergo a criminal check, and be subject to labour market testing.
Current 457 visa holders will not be affected by the changes, Mr Turnbull said.
James Veale, manager at a high-tech company: "I think Mr Turnbull needs to look at the taxi-driving students studying home economics and aged care first before he singles out the 100,000 457 visa applicants who are creating real opportunities and income for Australia.
"Many of these students, after becoming citizens, remain as taxi drivers, not the skilled higher-paying professions that their student visas promised."
Benjamin Williams was about to be sponsored for a 457 visa: "I'm absolutely devastated and don't know what to do or where to go from here. How can the government make such massive changes in one afternoon?"
Steven Bouglas applied for a 457 visa five weeks ago for a job that is being removed from the eligible list: "Not only does that mean I will be jobless... I will now have to leave my girlfriend who I have been seeing for six months as I will no longer be eligible to stay here. I find it a complete joke."
Yes, according to Mr Dutton. He described the possibility of eventual citizenship as a "significant part of the attraction" of the 457 visa.
"The existing 457 visa program is conducted for a period of four years, but essentially it is open-ended, and it results, in many cases, in a migration outcome," he said.
"What we propose is that under the temporary skills shortage visa short-term stream there will be a two-year visa... but there won't be permanent residency outcomes at the end of that."
The new four-year visa will also result in fewer permanent residents because of the eligibility changes, he said.
It comes after Australian said last month that it would largely end granting visas to foreign workers in the fast food industry.


Toronto police have charged a 35-year-old man after three people were found dead in a suspected crossbow attack.

Brett Ryan was arrested on Thursday and charged with three counts of first-degree murder.
Police had responded to reports of a stabbing in Scarborough, a suburban area east of the city's downtown area, when they found the three victims.
The injuries appeared to have been caused by a crossbow bolt, which was found near the victims.
All three victims, two men and a woman, sustained life-threatening injuries and died at the scene, police said.
Authorities have not released the victims' identities pending notification of family.
Hours later, authorities evacuated a Toronto building due to a suspicious package.
Police said the two incidents were connected, but gave no further details.
Mr Ryan is expected to appear in court on Friday.


Dozens of Coptic Christian families in Egypt have fled North Sinai province after a number of killings in recent weeks by suspected Islamist militants.

Many have now taken refuge in the Evangelical Church in the Suez Canal city of Ismailiya.
The Coptic Church has condemned the attacks, saying they were aimed at "dividing" Egyptians.
On Sunday, Islamic State militants released a video, warning of more attacks on Egypt's Christian minority.
The Copts - who make up about 10% of the country's 90 million population - have often been targeted by Islamists in recent years.
Most of the Islamist militant attacks of recent years have been focused on the Sinai peninsula, where an IS-linked jihadist group is active, but the capital Cairo has also suffered a string of attacks in the past two years.
About 250 Christians with their belongings were now in Ismailiya's church, deacon Nabil Shukrallah said on Friday.
"They've come running with their children. It's a very difficult situation. We're expecting 50 or 60 more," he told the AFP news agency.
Meanwhile, refugees said they were now "scared of our shadows", adding that they "are being targeted in an ugly way".
Many of them were from the city of El-Arish, where at least seven Christians have been killed.
Egypt has seen a wave of attacks by militants since 2013 when the military overthrew President Mohammed Morsi, an elected leader who hailed from the Muslim Brotherhood, and launched a crackdown against Islamists.
Some of Mr Morsi's supporters blamed Christians for supporting the overthrow.
In December, a bomb explosion in the Coptic Christian cathedral in killed at least 25 people.
The Coptic Orthodox Church is the main Christian Church in Egypt. While most Copts live in Egypt, the Church has about a million members outside the country.
Copts believe that their Church dates back to around 50 AD, when the Apostle Mark is said to have visited Egypt. Mark is regarded as the first Pope of Alexandria - the head of their church.
This makes it one of the earliest Christian groups outside the Holy Land.
The Church separated from other Christian denominations at the Council of Chalcedon (451 AD) in a dispute over the human and divine nature of Jesus Christ.
The early Church suffered persecution under the Roman Empire, and there were intermittent persecutions after Egypt became a Muslim country. Many believe that continues to this day.