Some faulty soldering was the trigger for the clearly avoidable crash of the AirAsia plane in the Java Sea in December 2014, a report from Indonesia's National Transport Safety Committee says.

It meant that a computer alarm kept going off, and in their attempt to fix the issue mid-flight, the crew lost control of the aircraft. All 162 people on board the Airbus A320 died.
The report suggests that the experienced pilot pulled a circuit breaker because he may have seen engineers do a similar thing to resolve the same problem on the ground. It is like pulling the plug to reset your computer.
Pilots are allowed to do it but only in extreme circumstances, and only when they fully understand the impact it will have.
This time around the impact seemed to take the crew by surprise. Pulling the circuit breaker switched off the autopilot.
With no autopilot, the less experienced co-pilot took over the plane. That in itself should not be a problem. But without the computer to help, aircraft can fly a little differently. It goes into a state called "alternate law".
One experienced pilot told me that the controls can become much more sensitive and take a few minutes to get used to.
The report says the co-pilot seemed to become disorientated as the aircraft banked sharply. He kept pulling the nose up until the plane stalled. That is not like an engine stalling on a car, but when there is not enough air going over the wings to create the lift that keeps the aircraft in the sky.
Investigators use words like "delayed response", "startled" and "disorientated" saying of the co-pilot: "He did not react appropriately in this complex emergency."
It seems the more experienced pilot did not take control, as he is trained to do. He was doing the opposite of the co-pilot, pushing the nose down to come out of the stall, but the report says it did not have any effect because the aircraft averages out what the two control sticks are doing.
On an Airbus it is hard to see what your colleague is up to. The sticks are like computer joysticks and they sit on each side of the cockpit, on the armrest, rather than between the feet.
Meanwhile, we have found out that the same part that triggered the computer alarm had been faulty 23 times in the year building up to the crash. And four times during the final flight itself.
Not for the first time, the spotlight falls on the way aircraft are maintained and the way crews are trained.
Despite early assumptions that this was down to storms, it seems the weather had nothing to do with it.
It all mirrors an accident in 2009, when an Air France Airbus crashed over the Atlantic killing 228 people.
Again, the trigger was a relatively simple mechanical problem. A thin tube iced up, which meant the aircraft could not tell how fast it was going.
The autopilot disengaged, alarms kept going off and a confused crew then failed to control their serviceable plane, which stalled at high altitude.
Back then it led to calls for better pilot training, especially with high altitude emergencies.


A new attraction is opening in America where they've recreated some of the world's most famous landmarks in miniature.

5 April 2017 Last updated at 07:02 BST
There are replicas of more than 300 iconic buildings, such as Grand Central Terminal, the Eiffel Tower, the Taj Mahal - and even Stonehenge!
The team behind Gulliver's Gate says it's the world's largest display of miniatures, and opens to the public this week in Times Square in New York City.
The attraction is 49,000 square feet (4,552 square metres) in size, and cost around US$40 million (about Â£32 million)!
Take a look at the vid above, with Michael Langer from the exhibition to explain more.


Millions of low-income households could see power bills cut after a watchdog's report into the UK's energy sector.

The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has proposed a price cap for all households using pre-payment meters.
It has also proposed that the regulator, Ofgem, keeps a database of customers that have been on a standard rate for three years.
This database will then be opened up so these customers can be targeted directly by other suppliers.
The proposals are designed to reform the energy market and increase competition to help consumers save money.
The CMA also proposed:
They follow an 18-month investigation into the energy market by the CMA which found that, in total, customers may have been paying about £1.7bn a year more than they would in a competitive market.
The CMA believes that those households using pre-payment meters, currently numbering four million, need protecting until smart meters are rolled out in 2020.
Those using pre-payment meters tend to be the poorer and more vulnerable customers who have difficulty setting up accounts with suppliers.
Roger Witcomb, chairman of the CMA's investigation, told the BBC that the price controls would lower bills by £300m in total, the equivalent of about £90 per household.
Analysis: Simon Jack, BBC business editor
The customer discontent over energy bills has rumbled on for years. After countless Ofgem probes, the issue of stubbornly high prices was referred to a body with real teeth, the Competition and Markets Authority and this morning, after two years of inquiry, they bared them. The question is, how sharp are they?
Inertia costs customers well over £1bn a year - 70% of all customers are on their supplier's standard tariff. If they were to move, the CMA estimates they could save £300-£400 a year.
Some people find it much harder to switch - those on pre-payment meters or those in debt to their existing suppliers. Here we will see price controls: namely, a transitional price cap for four million customers until 2020.
The existence of price controls in a market that was deregulated 20 years ago will be seen by some as evidence of failure of that market.
More from Simon: Inertia the big enemy
Energy report: A spammers' charter?
Should energy prices be regulated?
Energy Secretary Amber Rudd said: "This is a wake-up call to the big six [energy providers].
"Energy customers should get a fair deal from a market that works for them. That's why we called for the biggest ever investigation into the energy market and won't hesitate to take forward its recommendations."
Her Labour counterpart Lisa Nandy countered: "While a safeguard tariff for customers stuck on expensive pre-pay meters is welcome and will protect some households, we will need to go much further to make sure bills are fair and transparent for everybody else too."
"We have found that the six largest suppliers have learned to take many of their existing domestic customers - some 70% of whom are on default standard variable tariffs - for granted, not just over prices, but with their service and quality," said Mr Witcomb.
He said that, if implemented, these proposals would "shake up the industry".
He added: "Given the scale of the problems and the potential savings on offer, we think bold measures like giving rival suppliers the chance to contact long-standing [standard rate] customers are justified."
He told the BBC there would be safeguards in place to ensure that people were not "bombarded with junk mail".
The CMA also considered proposing price controls on standard tariffs, but decided instead to focus on increasing competition and making switching easier.
Mr Witcomb said 35% of customers had not even considered switching.
The regulator also wants to end termination fees that discourage switching.
Martin Lewis, founder of MoneySavingExpert.com, said: "I welcome the cap on pre-payment meter charges. While we've heard spurious claims before that they are no longer more expensive, that's baloney - typically, pre-payment customers are paying massively more than those on dual-fuel in a market that isn't competitive."
Energy firms will receive the full report next week and there will be a period of consultation.
Centrica, which owns British Gas, said that if the proposals were "thoughtfully" implemented, they should enhance competition. But it disagreed that all energy customers had historically been overpaying by about £1.7bn a year.


A 1% pay rise cap for public sector workers will be extended for an extra year to 2015-16, Chancellor George Osborne has announced.

The move comes as some civil servants stage a one-day strike over pay and pensions.
Mr Osborne said that public sector pay would be limited to an average of 1% including in 2015-16.
Progression pay will also be limited. However, the military will be exempt from this change.
"We are also accepting in full from 1 May this year the Armed Forces Pay Review Body's recommended increase in the so-called X Factor payment made to military personnel to recognise the particular sacrifices they make," the chancellor said.
That means the military will receive a 1.45% increase in basic pay in May, which is still below the rising cost of living.
"Local government and police allocations for 2013-14 have already been set out and will not be affected," the chancellor added.
Progression pay is the effect on pay packets of public sector workers moving up a pay band.
The 1% pay rise limit was put in place for two years in the Autumn statement, after a public sector pay freeze. This will now be extended to three years.
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The change to pay mimics, in part, a 1% cap on many working-age benefits for three years from April 2013. This was announced in the chancellor's Autumn Statement in December.
Official figures published earlier in the day showed that workers - in the public and private sectors - saw average earnings rise 1.2% over the three months between November and January, compared with the same period in 2011-12.
With inflation running at 2.7%, that meant that they fell in real terms.
Some of the changes to public sector pay have already angered unions.
The Public and Commercial Services union is staging a strike over pay and pensions to coincide with Budget Day, as part of a three-month plan of action.
Frances O'Grady, general secretary of the TUC, said: "Family budgets are at breaking point and millions of nurses, teachers, firefighters, council workers and civil servants will have been hoping the chancellor might ease their pain today, not add significantly to it."


This may not surprise anyone aged 18-34 but according to US Census data, if you're in that age bracket, your life differs wildly from your parents.

Gone are the steady jobs and home ownership of yore.
Gone too is married life - more 18-34 year-olds live with their parents than with a spouse.
The US Census Bureau report found that the extent to which young people reached milestones like living alone was "tied to economic security".
But some of their expectations of what it means to be an adult have changed.
In these hard economic times, then, about a third of millennials still live at home with their parents.
Last year, research found it was the most common living arrangement for young adults - for the first time in 130 years.
There are 24 million 18-34-year-olds, among whom there are more men than women. And of them, 2.2. million are not studying or working.
Some of those who stay at home have disabilities or poor health, but it seems many are just priced out of moving out.
Weirdly, though, this study counts college dorms as being "at home". Maybe because they think it's parents who pay for that?
The study compared the 18-34 year old age group with young adults in 1975, their parents' generation.
So what's changed between then and now? A few things:
Back then, eight in 10 people were married by 30. Now, young people wait longer. By the age of 45, eight in 10 are married too.
Maybe it's because they don't see family as a marker of adulthood in the way their parents might have done; more than half of young Americans today say marrying and having children are not very important for becoming an adult.
The state where young people were most likely to be living in their own household was North Dakota, where 60% of young people were living alone or with a partner or spouse.
Millennials these days believe in getting a good education. More than 60% said finishing school was very important for becoming an adult.
More women work outside the home nowadays - it's one of the biggest changes highlighted in the report. Only 14% of 25-34 year-old women are homemakers now, compared to 43% in 1975.
This change drove an overall boost; young people today are more likely to be employed year-round than their parents were at the same age.
Only a quarter of men had low incomes in 1975 (annual salaries of less than $30,000 - Â£23,500 - in 2015 money). But by 2015, that had risen to 41%. The study's authors said men were "falling behind" and, compared to 1975, were "more likely to be absent from the work force and a far higher share today are at the bottom of the income ladder.
It's worth bearing in mind though, that young men's median income is still $11,000 (Â£8,500) a year higher than women's.
Good question. This study says it counts "people born between 1982 and 1998, which roughly corresponds to the millennial generation". A guide to the generation was published for MPs in the UK last week, and it called them people who "would have experienced at least some, if not all, of their teenage years and early adulthood in the 21st Century".


German ministers have approved plans to fine social media firms up to 50m euros ($53.3m; Â£42.7m) if they fail to remove hate speech and fake news quickly.

The proposed law would give the companies 24 hours to block obviously criminal content after it had been reported, and seven days for other offensive material.
However, a plan to state explicitly that penalties could be imposed after a single infraction has been dropped.
Facebook has voiced concern.
"We work very hard to remove illegal content from our platform and are determined to work with others to solve this problem," a spokeswoman told the BBC.
"As experts have pointed out, this legislation would force private companies rather than the courts to become the judges of what is illegal in Germany."
Twitter, Snapchat and Google have yet to comment.
Germany's justice minister said hate speech posed a grave danger to harmonious living in a free, open and democratic society.
"Twitter only removes 1% of these hate speeches, Facebook removes less than 50%," said Heiko Maas.
"But we know this is possible, because YouTube manages to remove 99% of them.
"The freedom of speech is only limited by the law."
Racism and hate speech are believed to have become more prevalent on German social media following the arrival of large number of refugees in the country.
The draft law was unveiled last month. Since then, it has been amended to add child abuse imagery as a category requiring a rapid response, as well as to acknowledge that the fining authority must be careful not to undermine freedom of speech.
But a local tech lobby group, Bitkom, is concerned that social media platforms will feel compelled to err in favour of censorship.
"Given the short deadlines and the severe penalties, providers will be forced to delete doubtful statements as a precaution," said the group's manager, Bernhard Rohleder.
"That would have a serious impact on free speech on the internet."


A stage musical based on the Steven Soderbergh film Magic Mike is to open on Broadway.

Channing Tatum, star of the film, confirmed the news on Twitter. Released in 2012, the film was based on the actor's early days as a male stripper.
Tatum, 33, will produce the musical alongside Soderbergh, Magic Mike writer Reid Carolin, Gregory Jacobs and Nick Wechsler.
The production team are also working on a sequel to the film.
Tom Kitt and Brian Yorkey, creators of award-winning show Next to Normal, have been signed up to write the songs, while Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa will pen the book.
The Glee writer co-wrote Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark and the upcoming musical version of American Psycho.
Magic Mike was self-financed by Tatum and Soderbergh and was made for $7 million (Â£4.5m).
It went on to become a surprise hit, making $167m (Â£109m) from global ticket sales.
This month Tatum was named the second highest-paid actor in the world by Forbes magazine.
It estimates he earned $60m (Â£39m) last year, mainly from Magic Mike. It also reports that a chain of Magic Mike bars are in the pipeline.


A man who underwent triple heart-bypass surgery just weeks ago is to run a 10km race for charity.

Ryk Downes' collapsed with a heart attack in January, but was saved thanks to a defibrillator at the Post Office in Pool-in-Wharfedale, near Leeds.
Two passing motorists stopped and administered CPR, using the defibrillator to restart his heart.
Mr Downes, a Lib Dem councillor, is raising money to buy more of the devices.
The 51-year-old, who is running the race in Leeds later, told how he was on his daily run when he collapsed yards form his home.
"It was a congenital condition, it could have happened at any time," he said
"I was totally unaware. I don't even remember it happening. I was very lucky.
"I was the first person to be saved in the area by a community defibrillator so I want to raise money to help others."


If you're the parent of a budding Darcey Bussell or Benedict Cumberbatch you'll know how quickly the bills start flooding in from drama teachers, singing coaches and dance schools.

So how necessary is all the expensive tuition, if you want to help your child into a career treading the boards?
Tallulah Treadaway is living many girls' dreams. Aged just 12 she has spent the last year leaving her sister and two brothers at home in Sussex, to take the train to London to perform in the hit musical Matilda.
There's no question that it's a fulfilling experience for her.
"It's an achievement," she says. "After the performance you walk out of the theatre and you hear people say 'those kids were amazing' and you feel great."
Her run in Matilda has just come to an end and she is now in rehearsals for another West End production.
But although she has been dancing since she was five, Tallulah is relatively untutored, at least compared to many of the other children she meets at auditions.
She has noticed some of them turn up already knowing all the words and all the steps.
Increasingly, parents of a new star-struck generation are forking out for a whole battery of lessons in the hope that it will help fulfil their child's dream of a show business career.
But it's not a path to embark on lightly. Whereas you might happily pay £20 for a chemistry set for an aspiring scientist in the family, the parents of a promising performer can spend thousands on what is a notoriously fickle career choice.
Costs vary around the country but one-to-one tuition in the south-east of England starts at £20 an hour. Group classes range from £5 - £10.
The costs of uniform, costumes and exams can mount up too. And the more classes that are on offer from jazz to musical theatre, street dance to singing, the more your child will want to do.
"I want to keep my daughter's dreams alive," says Naomi Phitidis, mother of one enthusiastic young performer.
Her daughter Juno attends singing, drama and several dance classes, although some are scheduled fortnightly to limit time and cost pressures.
"But I also want her to have some sort of security in her life," says her mother.
She does sometimes wonder whether she's putting all her eggs in one basket, but firmly believes the skills and confidence that Juno is acquiring will help her whatever she does later in life.
Vanessa Karl's daughter, Zoe, hopes to become a professional dancer. But she knows she's unlikely to win a place at a dance college without reaching a demanding technical standard. So Vanessa spends around £100 a week on classes for 30 weeks of the year.
"If someone has a passion it's good to let them follow that passion, if you can afford it," she says.
She thinks you need an absolute minimum of four years training to get into a post-16 dance school, and more is better.
"If you're serious you need to be doing at least three ballet classes a week. And I think most dancers would want to do at least that."
If Tallulah, Juno and Zoe do pursue careers on the stage they will eventually face auditions for adult roles, where many of their rivals have had coaching in everything from poise and diction to belting out a showstopper from an early age.
Jo Hawes, a leading children's casting agent, sees hundreds of young hopefuls pass through her casting studio.
She says the truth is, while children without coaching can occasionally win a part, later on it's a different matter.
As an adult you have to nail what she calls "the triple threat" - singing, dancing and acting - because you don't know what you might be asked to do.
"You should go to as many classes as possible," she says, if you want to make it professionally. "It's important to have it all."
One element is not disputed: winning a place at drama school is key. That is where you gain experience, find an agent and make industry contacts. But the competition for places is fierce.
So do lessons stand you in good stead in an application for drama schools like Central, Rada and Lamda?
"It's not that they wouldn't consider someone who hadn't had any experience before, if they came in and clearly had raw talent," says Florence Hall, who was a student representative on the audition panel when she was at The Drama Centre.
"But you do have to look like you're going to be able to respond to training which I think doing classes helps you to do. You learn to not be embarrassed to try things out."
Like most actors Florence has spent a proportion of her career manning phones and serving canapes, but she is currently performing in Ghost From a Perfect Place at the Arcola in London.
She says as a straight actor you can get away without having years of tuition but not in other areas. "I think for musical theatre you have got to have been doing it from nappies, and do all the classes that you can," she says.
However, fellow actor Charlotte Blackledge is not so sure.
She graduated from drama school last year and walked straight into the role of Mandy Rice-Davies in Stephen Ward, Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical about the 1960s Profumo affair.
"The one thing I'm really grateful to my parents for is having a normal childhood and not going 24/7 to singing lessons and dancing and acting and intense coaching," she says.
She has packed her 22 years of life with extreme sports, travel, hill-walking, fashion and a lot of other "normal" activities which she says have provided her with a wealth of insight to draw upon when she puts a character across on the stage.
Sometimes she says the intensively trained students know all the notes but "there's nothing behind the eyes".
She says her audition for drama school was quite an eye opener: "Most of the people who had been training from when they were little didn't get in because they were told in the audition 'you need life experience'."
She has some simple advice for anyone with ambitions for a career on the stage.
"Go out and live, and if it's going to happen, it'll happen."


Three new cases of Ebola have been confirmed in Liberia less than three months after the country was declared free of the virus, the World Health Organization (WHO) has said.

The three patients include a 10-year-old boy from Paynesville, a suburb of the capital Monrovia.
All people with the symptom have been isolated, WHO spokeswoman Margaret Harris told the BBC.
Liberia has seen more than 10,000 Ebola cases and more than 4,000 deaths.
The country's Health Minister Bernice Dahn said six of the boy's relatives and other high-risk contacts have been taken to an Ebola Treatment Unit in Paynesville.
"The hospital is currently decontaminating the unit. All of the healthcare workers who came in contact with the patient have been notified," she said.
On Thursday night, before the new case emerged, President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf delivered a speech praising "the resilience" of Liberians in overcoming the epidemic.
The country was first declared Ebola-free on 9 May, but new cases emerged in June resulting in two deaths. It was declared free of the virus again on 3 September.
Liberia recorded its first Ebola case in March last year and analysts believe the latest cases are a serious set-back for the country.
The new cases in Liberia was announced just days after Guinea, where the epidemic started, said it had no more Ebola cases.
If no more cases are detected for 42 days, it would be declared free of the virus.
Sierra Leone was declared free of Ebola on 7 November.
More than 11,000 people have died of the disease since December 2013, the vast majority of them in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone.


Janson Sinaga took his brother Sahat, Sahat's wife Rasia, their daughter and two other relatives to the military airport at 04:00 on that fateful Tuesday.

Sahat's family was visiting Medan, Indonesia's third largest city, from Ranai, a quiet town in the remote Natuna islands off Sumatra.
The family took a commercial flight to Medan, but to make their way home, Sahat decided to take a military transport plane because, he said, "it's more direct and it's cheaper", Janson remembers.
The C130 Hercules crashed shortly after takeoff, killing everybody on board. Janson lost five of his relatives.
While people around the world might have wondered how civilians could use a military aircraft for transport, Indonesians in places like Natuna islands see it as quite normal.
The islands are dots on the South China Sea, closer to the Malaysian part of Borneo than any large Indonesian cities. Only one commercial airline operates routine flights there and it does not take people very far.
Natuna native Mun said he had paid 500,000 rupiah ($37) when he took a Hercules a few years ago to get to another Indonesian island, Bintan.
"I stood on the plane as there were no seats available, but it was only a 45-minute ride," he said lightly. "Everybody knows we can hitch a ride with the military. It's not free, but we don't have many options."
Mun lost his cousin Rubianto in the doomed Hercules. Rubianto had just finished high school and gone to Sumatra to continue his studies.
The revelation that the military has been flying people to and from Indonesia's remote islands has been met with mixed response from government officials.
Military spokesman Fuad Basya strongly denies that the military was involved in the commercialisation of the flight. He says the armed forces only fly the relatives of service personnel. The definition of relatives, though, is quite loose. People who are not immediate family members are often allowed to get on board.
Air Chief Marshal Agus Supriatna, who leads the Indonesian Air Force, said it was possible that non-military-related civilians were listed as relatives by rogue elements within the ranks.
"That is a violation and if there is proof we will hunt them down," Mr Supriatna said.
But Vice President Jusuf Kalla told journalists on Wednesday that giving a ride to people in remote areas was part of the military's "civic mission."
"If there were empty seats, why not? Look at it as a service, as the military's assistance for people who need it," Mr Kalla said, but he refused to comment on the allegations that the passengers were charged for the ride.
Indonesians have also been voicing their mixed reactions on social media.
Nana Birings said on Facebook: "Maybe their destination is not reached by commercial flight. It's only appropriate that the passengers had to pay. Is the fuel free?"
But Facebook user Star Zul Sinar said: "This is the consequence of breaking the rules."
The widespread allegation that elements within the military might have been profiting from its own aircraft is the last thing the armed forces needs in the midst of the tragedy.
The crash already drew attention to the sad state of the country's defence system.
Indonesian President Joko Widodo recently vowed to double the country's defence budget next year if the economy grew by 7%.
In reality, though, Indonesia is seeing its slowest growth in six years, so an immediate defence overhaul seems highly unlikely.
But while extending his condolences to the bereaved family of the victims, President Widodo also called on defence officials to use the tragedy to change the system.
"We need to modernise our weaponry," he said. "We need to decommission outdated military hardware, and our defence procurement system must move toward a self-sufficiency of the defence industry."
As the day turned into the evening, President Widodo broke his fast, then led a solemn military ceremony to honour the bodies of victims that were brought to an air base in Jakarta.
The end of the Muslim holy month of Ramadhan is approaching. It is supposed to be time for celebration, but for many families, it will be a time of great sadness.


The chief executive of the Royal Cornwall Hospitals Trust (RCHT) Lezli Boswell is retiring.

Her departure was announced at the end of the trust's AGM by chairman Angela Ballatti, who thanked her for her "exceptional leadership".
In a statement, Ms Boswell said it was the "right time" after 14 years as an NHS chief executive to retire.
Andrew MacCallum, who had been Ms Boswell's deputy, will step in as acting chief executive.
Ms Boswell took over as interim chief executive of the RCHT from Peter Colclough in September 2011.
She previously worked for the strategic health authority NHS South West on preparing trusts for foundation applications.
Ms Ballatti said the RCHT would begin the formal appointment process for a new permanent chief executive "who can help us continue on our journey to become an outstanding NHS Trust" in due course.
The announcement came at the same meeting where the trust said its revenue budget was Â£1.83m in the red, Â£3.15m off target.
It blamed "underachievement of savings" and higher than planned costs of delivering non-elective surgeries, such as those for emergencies.


The rhetoric is certainly getting tougher.

David Cameron has recently labelled the group known as Islamic State (IS) as "one of the biggest threats our world has faced".
He's described the extremists as a "death cult" and the need to confront them as the "fight of our generation".
In a recent speech, the Defence Secretary, Michael Fallon, called it "the new Battle of Britain" against "a fascist enemy".
That's the rhetoric. Now the reality.
In 1940, in the real Battle of Britain, the RAF had hundreds of aircraft to defend the nation from a potential Nazi invasion.
Against IS, the RAF has been relying on eight Tornado jets flying from Cyprus.
It has also been using 10 Reaper unmanned aircraft or drones to carry out surveillance and air strike missions.
Together the Reapers and Tornados have flown more than 1,100 combat missions over Iraq and carried out more than 250 air strikes.
In total the US-led coalition has conducted nearly 8,000 air attacks.
So while Mr Fallon is keen to point out that the UK is the second largest national contributor to the military campaign, it's still dwarfed by the US effort.
In the words of the former chairman of the House of Commons Defence Select Committee, Rory Stewart, the UK's contribution is  "modest" at best.
His successor, the Conservative MP Julian Lewis, has been more critical.
He has described the UK strategy against IS as "incoherent".
Mr Lewis has accused the prime minister of making policy "on the hoof" and made clear the government will need a proper strategy if it expects his backing to expand the air strikes to Syria. So is he right?
If the UK strategy is incoherent, then so is that of the US. After all, the British contribution is just a reflection of what America is and isn't doing.
RAF information on Reaper drones
Both countries are prisoners of their past - their largely unsuccessful previous interventions in both Iraq and Afghanistan.
The over-riding strategy appears to be not to get dragged into another long war in the Middle East. So that means a limit to "boots on the ground".
The US has about 3,000 trainers in Iraq. The UK has a total of 135 in the north helping the Kurdish Peshmerga forces.
The former Chief of the Defence Staff, Lord Richards, recently argued that the West needed "tens of thousands" of trainers on the ground if it wanted to make a difference.
Like Mr Lewis, he thinks the current strategy isn't working. Earlier this month he told the BBC that the West's efforts against IS were "woefully insufficient".
While it is still possible that the US and the UK could increase the presence of military trainers, the chances of either of them putting combat "boots on the ground" are slim to non-existent.
Many argue it would play into the hands of the extremists who would be bolstered in fighting an "infidel" enemy.
That leaves it largely to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's army, Syrian rebels and Kurdish forces to do the fighting on the ground.
The West has made clear it won't help the Syrian regime while Mr Assad remains in power.
Training "moderate" Syrian rebels is not going according to plan.
The US Defence Secretary, Ash Carter, has admitted that so far America has trained just 60 Syrian fighters.
As for relying on the Kurds, that's just become more complicated.
Turkey may have finally joined the fight against IS. But it appears to be more enthusiastic in targeting its old enemy, the Kurdish separatist group, the PKK.
The PKK have been allies to both the Iraqi and Syrian Kurds. Turkey's actions might end up weakening one of the more effective fighting forces.
So what more might the UK do next?
The government is now contemplating widening its air strikes to include targets in Syria, subject to parliamentary approval.
The RAF is already carrying out surveillance missions over Syria and could easily switch to strike missions if and when the order comes.
But it would probably still be with the same limited number of aircraft.
At the end of the Cold War, the RAF had more than 30 front-line squadrons; today it has just seven.
Speaking last month, the Chief of the Defence Staff, Gen Sir Nick Houghton, warned that the RAF was already "at the very limits"  of its fast jet availability, with the ageing Tornados mounting daily strike missions in Iraq and the more modern Typhoons regularly called upon to intercept Russian warplanes near UK airspace and in the Baltics.
As it did with Libya, the RAF could send some Typhoons to back up the Tornados at Akrotiri in Cyprus, but the Typhoon still has a limited ground attack capability.
It's also important to note that most US and UK warplanes have been returning to base from their missions without firing their weapons.
Air power may have limited IS's ability to move, but you still need an effective army to secure and hold the ground. And at the moment that army is absent from the fight.
Lord Richards recently told the BBC: "If you want to get rid of them [IS] we need to effectively get on a war footing."
While the government's words suggest that is now the case, its actions do not.


Scotland's largest music festival, T in the Park, is to take a break next year, its organisers have confirmed.

DF Concerts said it needed to "take stock" and that the two years since the festival moved to Strathallan from Balado "have had their challenges."
The promoter said "continued restrictions" had had a "negative impact" on festivalgoers.
It added that the limitations placed on their fans' experience were "too great".
The organisers said: "We now need to take stock and take a year out to try to resolve the issues so that we can once again deliver the kind of camping festival you are used to and deserve."
The festival's first year at Strathallan in 2015 was plagued by traffic problems, leading to organisers implementing a transport plan for this summer's event.
Two teenagers died at this year's festival in separate incidents, while witnesses reported fights and illicit drug use in the campsite area.
Scotland's largest music festival has been held every year since 1994, when Rage Against the Machine and Primal Scream were the headline acts.
The first three years took place at Strathclyde Park, near Hamilton in Lanarkshire, before it moved to Balado in Perth and Kinross.
Over 17 years it grew to a three-day festival attracting 225,000 people, including 70,000 campers.
In 2015 the festival moved to Strathallan Castle in Perthshire.
The move was prompted after "substantial" concerns were raised by health and safety inspectors about an oil pipeline which ran underneath the Balado site.
Planning permission for the July 2015 event was only approved two months before the festival, following public consultations on the move and concerns over a pair of nesting ospreys at the site.
The 2015 event drew the largest number of complaints and negative comments in the festival's history, with "significant traffic congestion" highlighted.
Organisers responded by announcing a revamp of the transport plan, arena and campsite ahead of this year's event.
In a statement the organisers have now said the festival will not take place in 2017.
The statement by DF Concerts and founding partner Tennent's Lager said: "Against our will, and despite a prolonged fight, we were forced to move from Balado, Kinross in 2015.
"This move was a mammoth task for the event and one that was compounded by a series of onerous site restrictions placed upon us as preparations for the event in 2015 took place."
It said that the logistical and financial constraints placed upon it by those planning conditions are "simply not workable".
The company added: "We tried our best to work with the pressures placed upon the site by bringing in an additional team and fixing the first year traffic issues, but ultimately we're not in control of the overall site layout and the continued restrictions means that the negative impact on our fans and the limitations placed on their experience is too great."
Strathallan councillor Tom Gray, who is convener of Perth and Kinross Council's development management committee, said he was "disappointed" at the announcement.
He said the decision on whether the festival would return to the site in 2018 was "entirely up to DF Concerts".
Mr Gray said: "I would like to see it back because it is some sort of help to the area.
"The first year was a big learning curve. Last year was a big improvement, no question about that.
"But I can only wait and see what they will apply for next time around and consider it then."


A man accused of murdering a woman and burying her in a field has told a court the evidence against him is "rubbish".

Christopher Halliwell, 52, is charged with strangling sex worker Becky Godden and burying her in a field in Eastleach, Gloucestershire, in 2003.
He is serving a life sentence after admitting murdering Sian O'Callaghan, 22, in 2011.
Halliwell told Bristol Crown Court he "never knew Rebecca," who was 20-years-old when she disappeared.
The jury has heard the defendant initially confessed to strangling Miss Godden before leading police to the exact spot of her burial.
Halliwell, formerly of Ashbury Avenue, Swindon, Wiltshire, has since pleaded not guilty to murder and is representing himself at his trial.
In his closing speech from the dock, the defendant said: "The forensics evidence so poorly presented to the forensic lab, so poorly examined it is not worth mentioning. It is rubbish."
Earlier, he told the jury two drug dealers were responsible for burying Miss Godden in 2003.
He said he regularly drove the men, who he has refused to name, while they delivered drugs and they would pay him "three of four times" the usual fare.
He told the court he had received a call from the men saying they "needed to get rid of something".
He said he drove the pair to Oxo Bottom Field and returned to collect them an hour later.
"I didn't know at the time they had buried Rebecca. I was under the impression it was drugs, money or weapons," he said.
Prosecutors allege Halliwell was one of Miss Godden's clients and murdered her after becoming possessive.
Retired High Court judge Sir John Griffith Williams is due to sum up the case to the jury on Monday.


Nigeria's President Muhammadu Buhari is seeking fresh treatment in London for an undisclosed illness.

His health has been a major cause of concern in a country where there are fears that a power vacuum could affect its recovery from recession.
In a brief message, the president said "there is no cause for worry".
Mr Buhari, 74, has left Vice-President Yemi Osinbajo in charge, just as he did when he left for London in January for seven weeks of medical leave.
Mr Osinbajo was widely praised at the time for his performance as acting president.
The exact length of the president's stay in London "will be determined by the doctors", a statement from the presidency said.
But, it added, "government will continue to function normally under the able leadership of the vice-president".
His last official act before leaving for London was to meet the 82 schoolgirls kidnapped in Chibok in 2014 after they were released by Boko Haram Islamist militants.
The girls were handed over on Saturday in exchange for five Boko Haram suspects after negotiations, sources have told the BBC.
A list of the girls' names has been published, but it is not clear if all the parents have been formally notified, whether or not their girls are among those released.
They were from a group of 276 abducted from their school in north-eastern Nigeria. About 113 of the girls are still missing, along with hundreds of other people kidnapped by the militant group.
Nigerians are particularly sensitive to the health of their president after then President Umaru Yar'Adua sought medical treatment in Saudi Arabia in 2009.
His failure to hand power to the vice-president and the lack of information about his condition led to widespread anxiety. He died in office in 2010.
When Mr Buhari returned from London in March, he  said he had never felt "so sick" as he had when he was being treated and warned that he may have to undergo further medical checks.
Concerns over his health were rekindled after he missed the last three cabinet meetings, prompting civil society activists to urge him to return to London for further treatment.
His appearance at Friday prayers last week was the first time he had been seen in public for two weeks.
His aides said he had been resting and working from home and the president's wife Aisha Buhari said he was not as sick as people thought.
Buhari's unhealthy start to 2017
19 January - Leaves for UK on "medical vacation"
5 February - Asks parliament to extend medical leave
10 March - Returns home but does not resume work immediately
26 April - Misses second cabinet meeting and is "working from home"
28 April - Misses Friday prayers
3 May - Misses third cabinet meeting
5 May - Appears at Friday prayers in Abuja
7 May - Travels to UK for further treatment


Ireland's women athletes have missed out on the team medal they were hoping for at the European Cross Country Championships in Sardinia.

They finished sixth in Sunday's race while the men's team were 10th.
Fionnuala McCormack, individual champion in 2011 and 2012, was fifth in a race won by Turkey's 19-year-old Kenya-born Yasemin Can.
Portaferry's Ciara Mageean collapsed in exhaustion on the finish line in 31st place but quickly recovered.
The Irish women were in contention for a team bronze as Mageean and national champion Shona Heaslip were in 18th and 19th positions at the start of final lap but they were dropped out of contention on the final circuit.
Mageean struggled badly in the closing stages with Heaslip suffering a fall on the final lap as she eventually finished 59th.
Michelle Finn was just behind Mageean in 33rd spot with Newcastle athlete Kerry O'Flaherty in 54th and Laura Crowe in 60th.
Kenya-born Turks also dominated the men's senior race, with Aras Kaya taking gold and Polat Kemboi Arikan silver ahead of Britain's Callum Hawkins in third.
Holywood man Paul Pollock was the top Irishman in 36th spot with Mick Clohisey 43rd, Mark Christie 56th, Liam Brady 62nd, Mark Hanrahan 65th and Kevin Dooney 69th.
Great Britain won topped the men's team standings with Turkey winning the women's event.
"These championships means so much to me," said a disappointed McCormack who has made a record 14 appearances at the European cross country.
"I really wanted to win. The Turks broke clear early and I never felt comfortable.
"I gave my best out there today but I think I'm better than that. There was a deceptive wind.
"I was chasing for gold and I'm really disappointed. I'll be back for a 15th time next year in Slovakia."
Arguably the best Irish performance of the day was Mullingar athlete Jack O'Leary's sixth place in the junior men's event after he had been in a medal position for much of the race.


Stoke City manager Mark Hughes has been charged with misconduct by the Football Association.

Hughes, 52, was sent to the stands during the first half of Stoke's 4-0 loss to Tottenham on Saturday.
The Welshman reacted angrily on the touchline after two separate incidents, prompting referee Anthony Taylor to take action.
The FA said "his behaviour amounted to improper conduct" and he has until 18:00 BST on Friday to respond.
Defeat for the Potters, their third consecutive loss in the Premier League, kept them bottom of the table.
Hughes' outburst, some of it directed at the fourth official Jon Moss, came shortly before Spurs' 41st-minute opener, after a booking for Marko Arnautovic for diving and what he thought was a foul on Jon Walters.
The former Manchester United striker said after the game he was "disappointed" by the decisions and by his own reaction but added: "I don't think my departure had an effect on my team's performance.
"There were two decisions I thought should have gone our way so I reacted in a forceful manner. When you come out of your technical arena, it's not allowed, sometimes you forget that.
"Mr Moss, bless him, decided that warranted a sending off, which, by the letter of the law it did, so I have to hold my hands up."
Stoke's only point of the season so far came on the opening day when they drew 1-1 against Middlesbrough at the Riverside.


Justice Secretary Chris Grayling has set out plans to tackle what he describes as "ill-founded" judicial reviews which slow down the courts.

To stem the growth in their number, judicial review applications would cost more, with less time put aside to apply and fewer chances to appeal.
Ministers say the changes will not alter the role judicial reviews play in holding them, and others, to account.
Applications for judicial reviews have risen from 160 to 11,200 since 1974.
Of last year's decided applications one in six were deemed suitable for a judicial review to go ahead.
Individuals and organisations can seek a judicial review if they think a decision by a public body has been made unlawfully.
The review, carried out by a judge, looks only at the way the decision was reached - rather than whether it was correct or not.
Some lawyers are concerned that the changes will be used to reduce genuine judicial reviews which hold the government and other public bodies to account.
Justice Secretary Chris Grayling said: "The system is becoming mired in large numbers of applications, many of which are weak or ill-founded, and they are taking up large amounts of judicial time, costing the court system money and can be hugely frustrating for the bodies involved in them.
"I am concerned that judicial review is being used increasingly by organisations for PR purposes. Often the mere process of starting a Judicial Review will generate a headline.
"We want go back to a system where Judicial Review is available for genuine claims, which provides people with access to Judicial Review where they need it but weeds out the cases that should frankly never be there in the first place."
Labour's Shadow Justice Minister, Andy Slaughter, said however that he was not surprised the government "wants to close the door on independent scrutiny of its actions".
He added: "Judicial review is a primary way of citizens holding the state to account, exposing wrongdoing and incompetence in government.
"At a time when developers are being given the green light to tear up the greenbelt, catastrophic decisions like the west coast mainline franchise are costing billions and basic human rights are threatened by welfare cuts, the power of the courts to review the arbitrary exercise of power by politicians has never been more relevant."
The consultation on how to improve the judicial review system runs until 24 January.
The government says its proposals are the latest of a series of moves to make the justice system more efficient and effective.


Last season's losing finalists Southampton will host Championship club Wolves in the EFL Cup second round after Thursday's confusing live draw.

League One side Blackburn host Premier League rivals Burnley in a Lancashire derby, with the draw regionalised.
Newcastle will host Nottingham Forest, with Bournemouth away to Birmingham, among six ties with Premier League sides facing Championship opposition.
The draw initially left several sides unsure whether they were home or away.
The second-round ties will be played in the week commencing Monday, 21 August.
The seven Premier League teams involved in European competition will enter at round three.
Amid confusion during the live broadcast, four second-round matches were announced with the incorrect team away from home.
The ties involving seeded sides Brentford, Crystal Palace, Watford and Norwich City were initially read out with the seeded team at the opposite venue.
West Ham and Newport County were guaranteed away games regardless of how they were drawn, owing to being unable to play at their home grounds.
The Hammers - whose London Stadium home is being used for the World Athletics Championships - will visit League Two team Cheltenham, while Newport - whose pitch is being relaid - travel to Leeds.
Confusion also reigned in the first-round draw in June, which was streamed live from Bangkok, as Charlton were included twice on a graphic listing the fixtures, while AFC Wimbledon were also wrongly recorded as being at home to Swindon in that round.
QPR v Brentford*
Crystal Palace v Ipswich Town*
Watford v Bristol City*
Norwich City v Charlton Athletic*
Cheltenham Town v West Ham United**
Brighton & Hove Albion v Barnet
Cardiff City v Burton Albion
Southampton v Wolverhampton Wanderers
Fulham v Bristol Rovers
Milton Keynes Dons v Swansea City
Birmingham City v Bournemouth
Reading v Millwall
Carlisle United v Sunderland
Bolton Wanderers v Sheffield Wednesday
Accrington Stanley v West Bromwich Albion
Newcastle United v Nottingham Forest
Leeds United v Newport County**
Stoke City v Rochdale
Huddersfield Town v Rotherham United
Middlesbrough v Scunthorpe United
Doncaster Rovers v Hull City
Blackburn Rovers v Burnley
Sheffield United v Leicester City
Aston Villa v Wigan Athletic
Barnsley v Derby County or Grimsby Town
*These ties were initially announced with the other team at home
**West Ham and Newport County would not play at home, as per a pre-draw agreement


Bolivian President Evo Morales has signed into law a controversial bill that nearly doubles the area that can be legally planted with coca crops.

A total of 22,000 hectares (55,000 acres) can be planted with coca nationwide, compared with 12,000 hectares under previous legislation.
Mr Morales is himself a former coca farmer and dismissed warnings that the move would fuel the illegal drug trade.
The coca plant. used to make cocaine, also has traditional uses in the Andes.
Its leaves are used to make tea to fight altitude sickness. When chewed they provide mild stimulation and suppress hunger, thirst and pain.
Mr Morales, Bolivia's first indigenous president, has long supported the legalisation of coca leaf chewing globally, urging the UN to declare it legal. He still heads a federations of coca farmers' unions in the Chapare region.
"We want to guarantee coca supplies for life" for people who use the leaves legally, the leftist leader said in a speech.
Opposition lawmakers said the law was unconstitutional as it violated international treaties. They argued it would be a boon to drug traffickers.
The government hopes to boost the export of coca leaf products, according to the La Razon newspaper. Such products are already legally exported to Ecuador, it said.
Despite the previous restrictions, in 2014, 20,400 hectares of land in Bolivia was "under coca bush cultivation", according to UN figures, representing 15% of the world total.
The country is the world's third-biggest producer of cocaine, after Colombia and Peru.
In 2013 the European Union estimated that demand for legal coca in Bolivia was 14,700 hectares.


An Indian media tycoon has been formally charged with the murder of his stepdaughter, police said.

Peter Mukerjea, the former CEO of Rupert Murdoch's Star India network, was arrested in November.
He told Indian media that he stood by his earlier statement that he had nothing to do with her death.
The murder of Sheena Bora, first thought to be Mr Mukerjea's sister-in-law but later found to be his stepdaughter, has gripped India.
Police had earlier named Indrani Mukerjea, Ms Bora's mother, as the main suspect in the case.
They have also arrested her first husband as a co-conspirator in the murder, as well as her former driver who is listed as an accomplice.
The AFP news agency quoted an unnamed police officer as saying that Mr Mukerjea had been charged with the "same offences" as the others.
They have accused him of plotting along with his wife to kill Ms Borah in 2009.
Mr Mukerjea told the  Indian Express newspaper that he would study the charges against him in jail, but stood by his assertion that he had "nothing to do with the case and was not aware of the conspiracy".
The story, involving hidden identities, allegations and counter-allegations and arrests has gripped Indian media for months now.
It began in May 2012 when an unidentified body was spotted by villagers 100 miles (160km) from Mumbai. Local police collected the skeletal remains, which were reportedly badly burned.
The body was not linked to Sheena's disappearance for more than three years, during which time Mr and Mrs Mukerjea allegedly claimed their daughter had left India for the United States.
Police also allege that Mrs Mukerjea used Sheena's telephone to send messages impersonating her daughter from America and Britain, one of which broke off a relationship.
When the death was linked by police to the media tycoon the case attracted widespread media coverage. Politician Shashi Tharoor called the reports "breathless and hysterical".
Mr Mukerjea has always claimed he knew nothing of the murder and was out of the country at the time.


In a closely guarded part of Westminster, several hundred people are now in lockdown.

First I heard shouting at the security entrance then I saw policemen bundling members of the public and then moving others like me back from the entrance.
Then through the glass doors, I saw dozens of members of the public rushing along the riverside. MPs and staff were rushed to one of the emergency exits but were then moved back to the main part of the building.
MPs tell me they heard three or four gunshots on the way to a normal vote and then they ran. It still seems unclear what exactly has happened but with eyewitnesses reporting bodies on Westminster Bridge this is clearly the most serious kind of situation.
The normal routine of a Westminster Wednesday afternoon shattered.


A West Lothian man who raped a 12-year-old and fathered a child with a teenager has been jailed for four-and-a-half years.

Dylan Bennett, 22, took two girls to woods at Uphall and Livingston, and raped the youngest victim at a house in Linlithgow's High Street.
He began having sex with under age girls in December 2014 and continued until 29 December 2015.
Bennett earlier pled guilty to the majority of the offences.
However, a jury had to make a decision on a further rape allegation and convicted him of having unlawful intercourse.
Bennett committed all the offences while he was freed under court bail orders.
A judge pointed out to Bennett he was aged 20 and 21 when he committed the offences against underage girls aged 12, 13 and 14.
Lord Woolman said his defence counsel had explained Bennett was aware of the ages of the victims.
The judge told Bennett at the High Court in Edinburgh: "The offences have had a significant impact."
He said that not only had one girl had a child but that the youngest was admitted to hospital with a suspected overdose.
Lord Woolman said he accepted the offences did not involve force and Bennett had "a troubled childhood and adolescence".
He told Bennett, a prisoner in Addiewell jail, he would have faced six years but for his guilty pleas.
The judge also ordered he be under supervision for a further four years.
Defence counsel Ronnie Renucci said: "He has confirmed that he was unaware of the age of consent in the sense he thought it was 15."
"He has not really had any sexual education or guidance from parents in respect of that," he told the court.
However, Mr Renucci added: "He is aware, and was aware, he was acting illegally. Clearly that lack of guidance has had an effect on him."
The defence counsel said Bennett's mother had died in front of him when he was 10.
Bennett was placed on the sex offenders' register.


Revolution still remains some distance away at Delhi's prestigious Jawaharlal Nehru University, but the Indian spring has already arrived in the wooded campus with a vengeance.

A bank of bougainvillea is in full bloom, the air is crisp and pleasant, and parrots squawk noisily in a clear, blue sky.
On a rocky outcrop ringed by the flaming red and orange vines and red-brick living quarters for teachers, Kanhaiya Kumar, India's most loved and loathed student, looks remarkably composed.
It's been barely a month since the 28-year-old Phd student of African studies was picked up by the police and charged with sedition for allegedly shouting anti-India slogans at a meeting on the campus. (Two other students remain in custody.)  It's barely a week since Mr Kumar, who's the president of the students' union and is affiliated to Communist Party of India, was freed on bail, and gave a stirring speech on the campus that went viral.
Mr Kumar, according to political scientist Suhas Palshikar, is the latest student to be associated with the "simmering unrest" on Indian campuses, a "result of the BJP's newfound ideological aggression and political arrogance". Many are calling him a student icon.
Over the last month, Mr Kumar has inspired a hefty Wikipedia entry, stirring paeans to a rising leader (Red Star over India, exulted The Telegraph), even listicles. His friends reckon he has already given 50 media interviews in five days.
A little-know fringe group leader with a paltry bank balance announced a hefty bounty on his head, his  Facebook account has been hacked, his mobile phone seized by the police. Some people have even begun raising money in his name.
Mr Kumar's many admirers believe Prime Minister Narendra Modi has "met his match" in the feisty student. His critics have called him an anarchist, a misguided idealist, a sloganeering "Johnny-come-lately who is upstaging stalwarts", and given him gratuitous advice on how he should stop politicking and begin earning for his poor parents.
"I get up in the morning, do some work for the union, and then do interviews all day. They say after TV channels and newspapers, the magazines will come," he says.
Mr Kumar appears to be basking in the warm glow of his meteoric media rise. When he's not handling the scrum, there's time for some light banter with friends. When a friend teases him about being an attention seeker, he quips, "Only (Prime Minister Modi) suffers from an attention seeker's syndrome." Some hearty laughter follows.
He's carrying some handwritten papers of Brecht's poetry, translated in Hindi - "The book is out of print, so we are sharing these handwritten poems."
Many believe that in a nation desperate for heroes and soaked in a febrile media culture adept at myth making and instant vilification, Mr Kumar has been thrust into an uncomfortable spotlight by a fumbling and offensive government and a clutch of hostile news channels. So does he feel like an accidental hero?
"I am no hero," says Mr Kumar. "Thank the people who made me a hero, including a section of the media who work for a particular party. The real heroes and heroines are those who are fighting for democracy against an authoritarian regime."
He does not suffer from any false modesty. He hasn't become famous overnight, he says. It has been a "gradual process" since he first arrived at JNU from his village in Begusarai in Bihar. (His father, a small farmer, cannot work any longer as he is paralysed after a stroke and his mother is a government childcare centre worker.)
"I had a culture shock when I arrived in JNU. There are students from 145 countries here. My horizons have grown. Last year, I was voted as the leader of the students' union," he says.
Students say his rousing performance in November's presidential debate - a town-hall discussion, a day before the union election - made him a name on the campus. A Kumar speech, delivered in fluent Hindi, is usually an animated performance of oratory, rhetoric, wit and gladiatorial mojo.
"The number of Facebook friends jumped from 2,000 to 5,000. A thousand people followed me. There is now pressure from people when you are not updating your status. Four hundred people like your status now, up from 20 before," he says.
"Things have obviously moved fast [since my arrest]. When my Facebook account is hacked, people raise money in my name and I am targeted to run down my university, I feel a bit uneasy."
Mr Kumar says his critics - mostly irate, older urbanites -  who describe him as an amateur in politics forget that he was initiated very early when he was studying at a college in Patna.
"I was part of a group in college which spoke out about why classes were not being held, why women were harassed, why sons of politicians were misbehaving on the campus."
"So you have to understand that my politics is rooted in my lived experiences. It didn't happen overnight."
I ask him about his politics.
Some of it is an inspired mix of liberalism and boilerplate leftism: the battle in India is "between pro-democracy versus anti-democracy, pro-people versus pro-corporate". Other times, it is more nuanced: India's left parties need "to get rid of their purity", secular parties should unite against the scourge of religious politics, the "progressive forces" have regrettably ceded space to the right-wing, parties should leave their student wings alone to help them grow freely.
Despite the events of the last month, Mr Kumar looks unusually calm. He is not easy to provoke. It is difficult to figure out whether he's being cheeky or earnest when he names Anupam Kher and Paresh Rawal, two Bollywood actors, who openly back Mr Modi's BJP aggressively, as his favourites.
So there is also a life beyond beyond politics. Days before he was put behind bars for shouting slogans - reports say some of the videos of his speech telecast by some channels were doctored - he discovered Leonardo DiCaprio.
"I am brushing up my English, so we went to watch The Revenant. I loved it, mainly because of Leo. My friends were telling me that he should have won the Oscar much earlier. I had no idea about his previous work.
"When I was in jail I heard that he had won the Oscar. I felt very happy."


The resignation of David Edmonds, chairman of the London Legacy Development Corporation (LLDC), is just the latest episode in what has now become one of the longest-running, vexing and expensive controversies in British sport.

And with the city's mayor ordering an inquiry into the former Olympic Stadium's finances after the vast cost of converting it into West Ham's new home continued to spiral by another £50m, and mounting questions over its suitability as a football venue after recent fan disorder, the danger now is that the iconic centrepiece of 2012's 'Golden Games', rather than being an enduring symbol of inspiration, sporting glory, and legacy, instead becomes one of chronic waste, poor planning, and mismanagement. A symbol not of celebration, but of anger.
Anger - from London taxpayers who look set to foot the bill for extra costs that appear out of control, and who now read that the stadium's board members were warned this year that the venue may never make a profit, despite original pledges to the contrary.
And from many others, of course, who cannot understand why the stadium was not designed for football in the very beginning, therefore saving some of the £750m that has now been lavished on a venue that was originally intended to cost just £280m, but which effectively, has had to be built twice.
To start, there is West Ham's next game against Stoke City this weekend. The stakes are high. The match is one of just a handful each season rated as 'Category C' - or high risk, and security has been beefed up with police on the segregation line inside the stadium for the first time, a clear show of strength. Despite the scenes of disorder during the League Cup match against Chelsea, I understand the authorities were actually relatively pleased with the stewarding, and relieved how few arrests had to be made for a game they had been very concerned about.
Nonetheless, while the threat of being forced to play behind closed doors is understood to be a long way off, West Ham are now desperate to avoid any repeat, and are highly frustrated that permission to gradually expand their capacity has been delayed as a result of the trouble. West Ham reject the suggestion from some that the design of the stadium has in some way contributed to the trouble, and were pleased with the atmosphere against Chelsea until things turned nasty, but the costs of the enhanced security - paid for by the taxpayer - are also now soaring.
And talking of money, there is the inquiry, which is expected to focus on the LLDC's choice of contractor responsible for installing and operating the crucial retractable seating that brings fans closer to the action in a venue originally designed for athletics.
My understanding is that a desire to stage Rugby World Cup matches at the stadium in 2015 placed unforeseen pressure on the LLDC, requiring them to have the seating in place several months earlier than they had originally anticipated. This in turn influenced the fateful decision to hire contractor Alto Seating. The company went bust shortly before the tournament and an alternative provider then had to be sought, the LLDC since discovering to its horror, that rather than the £300,000 originally quoted for manually moving thousands of seats on wheels, costs could rise to £8m a year.
Privately, the LLDC accept this amount is unsustainable, and say they are committed to finding a cheaper solution. The installation of a more efficient hydraulic system will be looked at, along with a review of other running costs. Revenue from a naming-rights sponsor would help of course, but talks with Indian company Mahindra recently collapsed, and after trying for years without success to find a partner, there seems little prospect right now of an alternative.
West Ham - who paid £15m towards the cost of converting the stadium (which now amounts to £323m), could be asked to help of course. After all, last year a BBC London documentary revealed that while paying £2.5m a year in rent, the club would have all of its running costs covered. However, there is nothing in the tenancy agreement to force West Ham to pay any more than they currently do. This fiasco is not their responsibility. Many say the riches of the Premier League easily enable West Ham to step in. This year the club recorded a profit of £8m on record revenues of £120m. But others do not see why the club should be punished for doing its job, and for striking such a good deal for itself.
Either way, with the retractable seats taking much longer to move than originally thought, (15 days rather than five) the fear is that the staging of summer concerts and events - crucial to the stadium's finances - and the start of the football season - could be affected.
It was fascinating listening to Ken Livingstone, who was London mayor when the right to stage the London Games was won in 2005, and part of the 2012 bid team, on BBC 5live this week.
Livingstone said that he would have tried to keep the stadium purely for athletics as originally intended, and blamed what he called a "screw up" on his successor Boris Johnson. Once elected in 2008, Johnson decided that instead of the scaled-back 25,000-seater athletics facility that had been planned, the Olympic Stadium needed a football tenant to be financially viable.
But when asked if there had been any stadium legacy plan in the original bid put forward by himself, London 2012 chairman Lord Coe and former Prime Minister Tony Blair, his answer was stark.
"No" he admitted. "Because nobody assumed we were going to win. Seb Coe, and me and Tony Blair, we knew it was going to be very close, it had already cost us millions to put together a bid… you weren't going to spend millions more planning what to do afterwards."
Sadly, it now appears that lack of legacy planning at the start of this saga has ended up costing many more hundreds of millions, years down the line.
With Coe having promised the IOC - and Lamine Diack, the man he hoped to replace as IAAF president, that a running track would be retained post-Games, and no obvious football option on the table, work on an athletics venue carried on.
By the time Johnson then made his decision, it was too late, with the options always likely to be limited. With potential tenant Spurs wanting to remove the running track, rival bidder West Ham was seen as the only politically acceptable option, and left them in a phenomenally strong bargaining position. Naturally, they took full advantage, while their new home had to be converted for dual-use, amid concerns over its suitability for football.
Walk through the vast landscaped acres of the Olympic Park, as I did this week, and it is hard not to be impressed by what has been achieved since the Games. Visit the 12,000 sq ft West Ham megastore, take a look up at the enormous new roof, and the stadium's hospitality facilities, complete with various tributes to the club's heritage, and it is easy to see why - despite such controversy - the club saw such potential in the move away from Upton Park, and is proud of its new home.
Earlier this year, when announcing the club's financial results, vice chairman Karren Brady hailed "a platform to transform the future of our great club". The objective of ensuring fans enjoyed "a seamless transition into their new home", however, is proving a challenging task.
Last year, the LLDC's chief executive David Goldstone, told me that the stadium would help transform an area of London, desperately in need of development, and help generate billions for the local economy.
He went on to say that it would "really pay its own way without requiring on-going subsidy from the taxpayer" and that he was "confident it will cover its own costs… I'm confident we've got good value for money out of the deals we've done."
Sadly, such a forecast now appears more uncertain than ever.


Austria's Interior Minister Wolfgang Sobotka has rowed back on comments about plans to tear down the house in which Adolf Hitler was born in 1889.

He had claimed a committee of experts had decided the house should be demolished.
But the committee insists not, saying a demolition would "come close to a denial of the Nazi history in Austria".
On Tuesday Mr Sobotka told journalists the house should be "converted so that it was no longer recognisable".
He said one could debate about whether that entailed a demolition, and added that architects would be invited to put forward proposals to convert the house.
Hitler was born in a rented room on the top floor of the building in Braunau am Inn, near the Austro-German border, on 20 April 1889.
It has been the subject of years of legal wrangling between the owner Gerlinde Pommer and the government, which has been renting it since 1972 to prevent any misuse.
It currently pays about â‚¬4,800 ($5,300; Â£4,336) a month for the building.
In a statement sent to the BBC, the committee of experts appointed to decide on the future of Hitler's birthplace said it was against demolishing the house.
Professor Clemens Jabloner and Professor Oliver Rathkolb said the impression had arisen that the committee had recommended the demolition.
"This is clearly not the case. We have madeâ€¦ several proposals for the concrete [definitive] demystification of this place" including a "thorough architectural conversion" so that the house would not have such symbolic power.
"We clearly stated that a demolition would come close to a denial of the Nazi history in Austria."
The statement suggested the house be used for administrative or social purposes but ruled out using it as a museum.
Meanwhile, a parliamentary committee is due to discuss a legal amendment to allow them to seize the property, but a vote on the proposal is not expected until later, possibly November, sources told the BBC's Bethany Bell in Vienna.
The future of the former guesthouse has been widely debated, with opinion torn between razing it to stop it becoming a focal point for neo-Nazis or changing its use.
Some in the community want it to become a refugee centre, others a museum dedicated to Austria's liberation from Nazi rule. Others oppose the building's demolition because it is part of the historic city centre and therefore under heritage protection.
Local people say the building still attracts some neo-Nazi sympathisers.


Thousands of fans hoping to catch the finale of Adele's world tour are missing out after it came to an abrupt end at Wembley Stadium.

Wednesday's and Thursday's concerts unexpectedly drew the curtains on an epic global odyssey that has taken her to almost 50 cities in 20 different countries.
The "devastated" singer said on Friday night that she had sought medical advice after damaging her vocal cords and could not perform her final two gigs at Wembley on Saturday and Sunday evening.
The 29-year-old singer has been on the road since 29 February last year, performing one sold-out gig after another to her adoring legions of fans.
There have been plenty of memorable moments along the way - and plenty of bad language too. According to The Sun, her Wembley date earlier this week contained 56 swear words.
Here are six classic moments that ensured it wasn't just her vocals that her fans went home remembering.
If Adele's fans want to stand up to watch her sing, they can damn well stand up.
It's a lesson one steward at Melbourne's Etihad Stadium learned to his cost in March this year for conduct that saw him get an ear-bashing from the main attraction.
"Excuse me sir, I know you work here but can you stop telling people to sit down?" she can be heard saying in one fan video.
"This is a music show," she continued. "If people can't see, then they can stand up."
While performing at the ANZ Stadium in Sydney, Adele found time to attack magazines for speculating about her private life.
Her diatribe, captured on Twitter, singled out "those terrible trashy gossip celebrity magazines".
"I can't even read them anymore because they're normally writing [nonsense] about me," she went on - using a slightly different word to nonsense. "I swear to God it's all lies."
The rant came just a few days after a concert in Brisbane in which she casually confirmed she had married her long-time partner Simon Konecki.
Brisbane was also the location for the memorable moment when Adele lost her cool over a rogue mosquito.
"There's a bug on me!" she was seen screaming in one YouTube video. "I'm sorry, I'm not Australian - I don't like bugs.
"It was sucking my blood!" the singer went on. "They're everywhere, they're all trying to kill me! Oh my god, how embarrassing."
Adele was in more forgiving mood while performing in New Zealand, enlisting the aid of an audience member to shoo some beetles off the stage.
Marriage proposals were a regular occurrence during Adele's concerts, much to her delight.
It all began on her opening night in Belfast on 29 February last year, when she encouraged an audience member to accept a leap-year proposal from his female partner.
A few weeks later a fan proposed during one of her London concerts - a moment the singer called "the most beautiful thing I've ever witnessed at one of my shows".
In May last year, while performing in Copenhagen, Adele looked on as a fan proposed to his boyfriend. She then offered to be the surrogate mother of their children.
Further proposals followed in Zurich, Barcelona, Toronto and Melbourne, as documented by this article on Vulture.
Adele is usually tight-lipped about her private life off stage. On it, though, she can be an open book.
While performing in Nashville in October, for example, she was hilariously candid about her plans to give her son Angelo a sibling.
"My son is about to turn four very, very soon," she was quoted as saying. "I'm starting to get very emotional about it because I feel like once they turn four, they're not really your actual baby anymore.
"So my womb is starting to ache a little bit. It's like, 'Baby, baby, baby. Need a baby, need a baby.'"
But she immediately insisted she was not pregnant and had no plans to become so "until the end of the tour".
Adele made the news again earlier this week by encouraging fans at Wembley Stadium to donate money to help those affected by the Grenfell Tower blaze.
"It's our job as human beings to be compassionate," she told the 98,000 present on Wednesday. "You'll be hearing a lot more from me about [Grenfell] in the days and weeks and probably years to come.
"They're not receiving the things we think they are," she said the following night. "No information is getting through, people feel helpless. It's chaos."
Her plea followed her attendance at a vigil for victims of the fire and the visit she made - with cake - to see firefighters at Chelsea Fire Station.
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


Sinn Féin has launched its manifesto for the assembly election, promising to create 50,000 jobs and to spend an extra £1bn on health.

The party has also pledged to spend £6bn on new roads and public transport and to increase spending on childcare by more than £500m.
On welfare, it says £500m will be set aside to help those most in need.
The measures are set out in the party's 10-point plan for government.
Many of them have already been agreed by the Northern Ireland Executive.
Sinn Féin - the last of the five main parties to publish its manifesto - is standing 39 candidates across the 18 constituencies. It is hoping to add to its 29 assembly seats.
The party's top two pledges - 50,000 new jobs and an extra £1bn for health - are exactly the same as those set out by the DUP in its five-point plan for government.
Launching the manifesto in Londonderry on Wednesday, Martin McGuinness said: "We have had five years of political instability as a result of Tory austerity and also negativity and blatant opportunism by some political parties.
"My priority is to bring forward and implement a Programme for Government that grows the economy, provides proper public services and promotes equality and inclusion"
Other priorities listed in the manifesto include ring-fencing funding for frontline policing, ending regional inequalities in job creation and extending fast speed broadband to rural communities.
The party also reaffirms its commitment to delivering "an affordable and harmonised corporation tax by 2018".
On health, Sinn Féin is proposing changing the way health services are commissioned, removing what it calls the "internal market" and increasing first year training intake for GP specialism.
While on education the party's doesn't directly address the controversy around unregulated selection tests but it does promise to "deliver better outcomes for children through provision which is appropriate to both a child's age and and stage of development".


Commentators worldwide are trying to explain Theresa May's ascent to become the UK's prime minister to their readers, and to place David Cameron's successor within the context of the British political landscape.

Some paint her as a tough negotiator in the mould of Margaret Thatcher, while others point to her greater concern for social cohesion.
Most writers focus on her forthcoming negotiations with the European Union, but the parallel leadership struggle in the Labour Party also attracts mostly bewildered attention from observers abroad.
Much of the European press sees Mrs May as a "moderate pro-European" facing the paradoxical task of negotiating Britain's exit from the European Union.
The London correspondent of France's Le Monde, Philippe Bernard, says she is "austere, determined and politically astute", and will be a "formidable negotiator" in talks with Brussels.
He draws parallels between her "irresistible rise" and that of another cleric's daughter, German Chancellor Angela Merkel:
"Neither have time for trivialities... both are liberal conservatives of a pragmatic rather than ideological bent," he says.
He expects her to "remake the British political landscape" by addressing the "social despair that underpinned the Brexit vote", especially given her "good fortune" in facing an opposition Labour Party "on the verge of collapse".
Enrico Franceschini, the London correspondent of Italy's La Repubblica, thinks she might find the appeal of an early election "irresistible... given that the Labour Party is even more divided than the Conservatives".
Germany's popular Bild tabloid also sees similarities with Mrs Merkel, dubbing them the "Brexit duo who have to save what can be saved" from the European relationship.
On the other hand, Der Spiegel says Mrs May could find the chancellor less of a partner, reporting "Merkel's chilly message" that Britain should "not expect concessions".
France's Le Figaro sees Europe "pressing Theresa May" to begin talks before crucial French and German elections in 2017, but warns that "Margaret Thatcher's heir doesn't look like she's going to be rushed into anything".
But Spain's ABC daily fears that Mrs May's caution could simply be a case of "not having a clear plan to heal the European wound".
France's leftwing Liberation pays more attention to the woes of the opposition.
British affairs analyst Olivier Esteves says Labour is partly to blame for the Brexit vote, because its failure in government either to control or explain EU migration "abandoned" the white working class to the Eurosceptic right.
"The Labour elite are winners in a silent class war of globalisation that had violent social consequences. They were unable to explain immigration to their traditional voters, because they live on another planet," he concludes.
Nor does Ralf Sotscheck, the British affairs commentator of the left-wing Berlin paper Tageszeitung, have many words of comfort for Labour.
He says the Tories have stolen a march on them by getting Mrs May into position so quickly, leaving the "Blairite wing to ruin Labour".
Spain's El Pais agrees that the government is radiating consensus while "Labour continues to dig its own grave".
France's Tribune financial weekly sees Mrs May's most pressing task as being one of "reconciliation", to ensure that the threats of recession and Brexit do not lead to stronger separatist moves in pro-Remain Scotland and Northern Ireland.
Rafael Ramos, the London correspondent of Barcelona's La Vanguardia, agrees that the post-Brexit turmoil in the two major parties could lead to a "great British revolution of the 21st Century".
Most press profiles inevitably mention Mrs May's striking taste in footwear, prompting Friederike Zoe Grasshoff of Germany's Sueddeutsche Zeitung to complain that such coverage is "as sexist as it is eccentric".
"She is about to take over as prime minister, and the big question is - wearing which shoes," Ms Grasshoff complains, although she does acknowledge that Mrs May might be able to cheer herself up during those all-night Brexit talks with the reflection that "at least I got the shoes right".
Further afield, Russian commentators are full of praise for Theresa May, although one tells the official Rossiyskaya Gazeta newspaper that she is likely only to be an "interim" prime minister without Mrs Thatcher's impact.
Pakistan's The Nation also sees the danger of Scottish secession, adding that "Britain should be thankful that they have a prospective prime minister who is willing to roll up her sleeves and get to work immediately".
India's Hindustan Times says the "cricket-loving" Mrs May is expected to "continue Cameron's focus on India, particularly given that the Brexit camp privileged trade ties with India, China and the Commonwealth after leaving the European Union".
Sebastian Mallaby writes in the Washington Post that Theresa May is a "true conservative, although of a refreshing kind", and sees her socially-concerned approach and hostility to banking excesses as likely to make "Britain the place for pro-market progressives everywhere to watch".
But Helen Lewis, the deputy editor of Britain's New Statesman magazine, tells the New York Times that Mrs May's pragmatism is unlikely to "mollify her ardently Eurosceptic colleagues" in the Conservative Party.
"If Brexit does not mean Brexit, their long knives will be sharpened," she warns.
BBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV, radio, web and print media around the world. You can follow BBC Monitoring  on Twitter and Facebook.


Facebook users in Bangkok were falsely alerted to an "explosion" in the Thai capital, after the social network activated its Safety Check feature.

It allows Facebook users in danger zones to mark themselves as safe, but in this instance was triggered by a protester throwing firecrackers.
Facebook said it relied on a "trusted third party to confirm the incident".
But the way it was labelled misled many online as people started sharing false news of a blast.
Facebook has recently faced criticism for allowing fake news to proliferate.
On Tuesday, a protester threw small firecrackers at a government building in Bangkok (link in Thai).
According to Facebook, this triggered the Safety Check feature at about 21:00 local time which created a page titled "The Explosion in Bangkok, Thailand" and people started marking themselves as safe.
The page also pulled in a link from a website called bangkokinformer.com referencing a BBC breaking news video about an explosion in Bangkok, but the video was in fact taken in 2015 in reference to a blast at the Erawan shrine.
The safety check feature was later deactivated.
The first I knew something was wrong was a stream of messages asking if I was ok, and spotting friends marking themselves as safe in Bangkok. By the time my colleagues had made efforts to get the erroneous post taken down, it had circulated widely, within minutes.
It turned out Facebook was generating an automatic request to people to declare themselves safe, so even experienced journalists, who would have realised the story was not genuine, inadvertently gave it some credence by responding to the Facebook prompt.
In a country so dependent on tourism any report of a suspected terrorist attack is a serious matter. The BBC and other reputable media take great care when reporting news of such incidents, stating only what we can already confirm.
The latest false post spread quickly partly because people instantly saw the BBC's distinctive news logo, and assumed it was reliable before they checked the real date - 17 August 2015.
This is a real problem for a journalist based in a country where we are under close scrutiny, and subject to criticism by government officials and Thai citizens for reporting in what is still a sensitive political climate.
When Facebook first introduced the safety feature tool in 2014, it would activate the feature manually. In November, Facebook changed course and said it would now be activated "by our community".
Now, a third-party source alerts Facebook when an incident occurs. The social platform then searches to see if users in the area are discussing the incident.
If enough users are referencing the incident, those in the area are invited to mark themselves as safe.
According to Facebook, the title of the safety check is taken from the alert provided by the third-party source.


Struggling Gillingham secured their first point of the year with a thrilling League One draw against table-toppers Sheffield United at Bramall Lane.

Billy Sharp opened the scoring for the Blades but the Gills' Josh Wright scored a quick double to change the game before Kieron Freeman smashed home an equaliser.
Sharp netted his 18th goal of the season when Caolan Lavery's pass found him just inside the box and without hesitation he fired the ball into the bottom left corner.
Wright then managed to brush off Chris Basham's challenge in the box, to finish coolly with the outside of his boot from inside the six-yard box.
Wright doubled his tally for the game, reacting well to Max Ehmer's headed flick to roll the ball under Simon Moore.
The Blades tied the scores again though when Freeman smashed home the equaliser from close range after Stuart Nelson failed to keep hold of Lavery's shot.
United pressed until the end with Lavery, Sharp and substitute Marc McNulty all seeing their efforts fly wide or saved by an inspired Nelson.
Report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Sheffield United 2, Gillingham 2.
Second Half ends, Sheffield United 2, Gillingham 2.
Foul by Stefan Scougall (Sheffield United).
Adedeji Oshilaja (Gillingham) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt missed. Mark Byrne (Gillingham) right footed shot from more than 35 yards misses to the right.
Foul by Ethan Ebanks-Landell (Sheffield United).
Emmanuel Osadebe (Gillingham) wins a free kick on the right wing.
Attempt missed. Bradley Dack (Gillingham) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left.
Attempt missed. Ethan Ebanks-Landell (Sheffield United) header from the centre of the box misses to the left.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Max Ehmer.
Substitution, Gillingham. Mark Byrne replaces Jake Hessenthaler.
Jake Hessenthaler (Gillingham) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Paul Coutts (Sheffield United).
Mark Duffy (Sheffield United) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Mark Duffy (Sheffield United).
Jake Hessenthaler (Gillingham) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Substitution, Sheffield United. Stefan Scougall replaces Matt Done.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Stuart Nelson.
Attempt saved. Billy Sharp (Sheffield United) header from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom left corner.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Stuart Nelson.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Jake Hessenthaler.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Emmanuel Osadebe.
Attempt missed. Max Ehmer (Gillingham) header from the centre of the box misses to the left.
Corner,  Gillingham. Conceded by Jack O'Connell.
Attempt missed. Billy Sharp (Sheffield United) header from the centre of the box misses to the left.
Corner,  Sheffield United. Conceded by Stuart Nelson.
Attempt saved. Marc McNulty (Sheffield United) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the centre of the goal.
Substitution, Sheffield United. Marc McNulty replaces Caolan Lavery.
Attempt missed. Caolan Lavery (Sheffield United) left footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses the top left corner.
Attempt blocked. Billy Sharp (Sheffield United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Attempt missed. Caolan Lavery (Sheffield United) header from the left side of the six yard box is close, but misses to the left.
Goal!  Sheffield United 2, Gillingham 2. Kieron Freeman (Sheffield United) left footed shot from very close range to the high centre of the goal.
Adedeji Oshilaja (Gillingham) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Billy Sharp (Sheffield United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Adedeji Oshilaja (Gillingham).
Goal!  Sheffield United 1, Gillingham 2. Josh Wright (Gillingham) left footed shot from very close range to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Max Ehmer.
Substitution, Gillingham. Rory Donnelly replaces Elliott List.
Attempt missed. Paul Coutts (Sheffield United) header from the centre of the box misses to the left.
Josh Wright (Gillingham) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Kieron Freeman (Sheffield United) wins a free kick in the defensive half.


Two men have been killed in an early morning crash on the M6 in the West Midlands.

The pair were travelling in a van which was in collision with a lorry at about 05:30 GMT between junction two, for Coventry, and junction one, for Rugby.
The lorry driver was uninjured but "understandably shaken up", West Midlands Ambulance Service said.
Two lanes of the southbound carriageway were shut, with traffic queuing from the M6 toll, but have now reopened.
Updates on this story and more from Coventry & Warwickshire
Congestion built up to junction three, for the A444 at Nuneaton, BBC Travel reported.


Food Standards Scotland has issued a ban on all cheese made by a South Lanarkshire-based producer.

Errington Cheese Ltd has previously been linked to an E. coli outbreak in which a three-year-old girl died.
The company has disputed the evidence and insists its cheese is safe.
In another development, a "small number" of children in Angus have fallen ill with E. coli. A playgroup had temporarily and voluntarily closed.
NHS Tayside said the Angus cases were linked and the children affected were receiving medical treatment, with advice also being issued to parents.
Food Standards Scotland has not linked the latest outbreak in Tayside to the ban on Errington Cheese.
The ban involves Dunsyre Blue, Dunsyre Baby, Lanark Blue, Lanark White, Maisie's Kebbuck and Cora Linn.
People have been advised not to eat the cheese, and to return it to the seller.
The watchdog has previously linked an outbreak of E. coli in July, in which 20 people were infected, including the child who died, with cheese produced by the firm.
Four product recalls have already been issued - three of them voluntary - for specific cheeses produced by Errington.
In a statement, the watchdog said: "FSS is advising all consumers who have purchased these products not to consume them, and to return the products to where they purchased them.
"Both O157 and non-O157 strains of E. coli have been detected in a number of different types of cheese produced by Errington Cheese Ltd.
"Symptoms caused by both O157 and non-O157 E. coli can include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhoea, and haemolytic uremic syndrome, a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure.
"Given the potential severity of illness and the very low doses of this bacterium required to cause illness, FSS believes this action is in the best interests of consumers."
Speaking on the BBC's Good Morning Scotland programme, Sir Hugh Pennington, emeritus professor of bacteriology at the University of Aberdeen, questioned the decision by the FSS.
He told the programme: "Food Standards Scotland is behaving in a very precautionary manner because as I understand it, the scientific evidence that there's E. coli 157 in the cheese has not yet been produced.
"There is evidence that some people who ate the Dunsyre Blue cheese in July fell ill  - a significant number of people who didn't eat it also fell ill as I understand it."
He added: "Food Standards Scotland has moved in a very, very heavy way and I think it raises the issue of proportionality. How dangerous are these cheeses and have they gone too far in saying none of these cheeses can be sold?"
Errington Cheese said on its website that it was restricted in what it could sell or say because of the "exercise of statutory powers by the authorities".
The company added: "We are pleased to see that FSS acknowledge that there is no microbiological link been found between Dunsyre Blue and the recent outbreak of illness.
"Our own detailed testing keeps us confident that all our cheese is safe to eat."
Speaking about the latest outbreak, Dr Jackie Hyland, consultant in public health medicine at NHS Tayside, said: "NHS Tayside and Angus Council are together investigating a small number of linked cases of E. coli O157 infection.
"The risk to the general public remains low and those affected have received appropriate medical treatment and advice."


Electoral officials in Ivory Coast say the yes campaign has won Sunday's referendum on a new constitution, with 93.42% of the votes.

The turnout - 42.42% - is higher than an earlier 7% estimate by opposition parties that boycotted the polls.
Backed by President Alassane Ouattara, the change scraps a requirement that both parents of presidential candidates must be native-born Ivorians.
Opponents accuse Mr Ouattara of using it as a way to hand-pick his successor.
In the lead-up to the referendum, there were street protests by opposition supporters against the constitutional reforms.
On Monday, President Ouattara acknowledged that there were some disturbances during the vote, but said they were isolated incidents.
In one instance, youths destroyed some polling stations in the Abidjan district of Yopougon - a stronghold of the opposition Ivorian Popular Front.
The new constitution is billed by President Alassane Ouattara as an opportunity to turn a page on instability, mainly around the divisive issue of identity, which has fuelled decades of civil strife.
The new construction removes the age limit of 75 for those seeking to be elected to the post of president.
Mr Ouattara will be over the current age limit at the end of his current term. Initially, some of his critics accused him of trying to stay in power himself but the draft retains a ban on third terms so he cannot seek re-election.
The new constitution also introduces:
Electoral commission president Youssouf Bakayoko announced the yes campaign's win on state-owned television on Tuesday.