Aaron Alexis, the Navy contractor who killed 12 people at the Washington Navy Yard in the US capital on 16 September, believed he was being controlled by electromagnetic waves, according to the FBI.

The military veteran and Buddhist convert had a history of violent outbursts and paranoia, and etchings on the shotgun Alexis used in the attack shed light on his mental state.
On Wednesday, Valerie Parlave, head of the FBI's field office in Washington, said an electronic document belonging to the gunman indicated he had held delusional beliefs for months prior to the shooting.
"Ultra low frequency attack is what I've been subject to for the last 3 months, and to be perfectly honest that is what has driven me to this," Alexis, 34, reportedly wrote.
Alexis also etched phrases, including "End to the torment", "Not what y'all say", and "Better off this way" into the sawed-off Remington 870 shotgun he wielded in the attack.
Ms Parlave said the FBI investigation indicated Alexis had not targeted particular people at the Navy Yard, and that he was prepared to die and "accepted death as the inevitable consequence of his actions".
These are the latest details to emerge about Alexis' troubled past.
Little is known about New York-born Alexis' life before 2004, when he was arrested in Seattle for shooting the tyres of a construction worker's vehicle - in what he later described as an enraged "blackout".
His father told Seattle detectives after the incident that his son had been involved in rescue efforts during the 9/11 attacks in New York, and suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder as a result.
In August 2008, he was arrested for disorderly conduct in the state of Georgia, according to the Smoking Gun, a website that collects police and court documents.
In 2010, police were called to Alexis' apartment in Fort Worth, after an upstairs neighbour reported he had almost shot her through the floor. He told police his gun accidentally discharged while he was cleaning it, and no charges were filed.
Defence officials said Alexis served as a full-time reservist in the Navy from 2007-11, attaining the rank of petty officer 3rd class.
Posted at Fort Worth, Texas, he received two routine awards, the National Defense Service Medal and the Global War on Terrorism Service Medal.
After his discharge Alexis began pursuing a bachelor's degree in aeronautics through online classes and worked at a Thai restaurant in Fort Worth, where he was popular among the customers.
A former Fort Worth roommate, who described Alexis as his "best friend", said he was shocked by the news.
"I don't think he'd do this," Nutpisit Suthamtewakul, owner of Happy Bowl Thai restaurant, where Alexis had worked, told the Fort Worth Star-Telegram newspaper.
"He has a gun, but I don't think he's that stupid," Mr Suthamtewakul said.
Bud Kennedy, a columnist for the newspaper, told the BBC: "He was a quiet fellow and always nice and genteel."
Alexis attended a Buddhist temple in a suburb of Fort Worth, and had reportedly converted to the faith.
J Sirun, an assistant to the monks at the temple, told the Washington Post: "He did not like to be close with anybody, like a soldier who has been at war."
Alexis had been helpful to others at the temple, Mr Sirun told the newspaper, but at least one person there avoided him because he seemed too tightly wound.
At the time of the shooting, he was employed by a subcontractor working on a US Navy intranet network and had a valid pass to enter Washington Navy Yard.
A month before the shootings, while working as a contractor in Newport, Rhode Island, Alexis called police to his hotel room, while suffering an apparent paranoid episode.
He told officers someone he had argued with while boarding a plane in Virginia had sent three people to follow him.
Alexis believed they were using a microwave machine to send vibrations into his body so he could not sleep.
He checked into several hotels in order to evade them, according to media reports.


Experts say the outbreak of yellow fever gripping Sudan is the worst the world has seen in at least 20 years.

More than 800 suspected cases of the mosquito-spread disease have been reported across the Darfur region since the outbreak began in October.
The virus, which can cause jaundice and kidney failure, has killed 168 people.
The World Health Organization's Anshu Banerjee said few people in Sudan were immune to it and an emergency mass vaccination campaign was now under way.
The first phase of the immunisation programme began on 21 November, to cover 2.2 million people, and the second phase is planned for this month, to cover an additional 1.2 million people at risk.
Dr Banerjee said another 2.2m doses of the vaccine were expected to arrive soon.
"This should be enough to protect the population in Darfur that is at risk and stop it spreading to the rest of Sudan," he said.
He said some other African countries, like Cameroon, had also reported some cases of yellow fever recently, but unlike Sudan, many of these already include the yellow fever vaccine in their childhood immunisation programmes.
"There's been no such vaccine campaign in Sudan for decades. It's because of priorities. Sudan recently identified itself as a high-risk country for a yellow fever outbreak and had conditional approval to begin a vaccination campaign.
"Unfortunately the outbreak hit before this could happen.
"This is the worst outbreak we have seen globally in 20 years or more."
British International Development Secretary Justine Greening said the UK government had contributed Â£1.8m ($2,9m) towards the vaccination campaign to stop it becoming a "nationwide epidemic".
In Darfur, the disease has spread following nomadic migration routes across the region.
At the moment, yellow fever is mostly restricted to rural areas. However, there is a risk that it will spread to urban areas including the camps that house up to two million people who fled their homes because of the Darfur conflict.
Yellow fever is endemic in tropical regions of Africa and South America.
A vaccine can prevent infection but there is no specific drug treatment for people who are infected.
In its most severe form it causes bleeding, jaundice and possible liver and kidney failure.


The Welsh Conservatives will scrap the grant which pays the majority of tuition fees for Welsh students, if they are in government after next year's assembly election.

Party leader Andrew RT Davies told the Sunday Politics Wales programme the Tuition Fee Grant is unaffordable .
He said people who can afford it "should pay their share".
Welsh students in the UK currently pay the first Â£3,500 of fees with the Welsh government covering the rest.
The cost of the scheme would be Â£3.6bn over the course of the next assembly, Mr Davies said, insisting the money should be spent on the NHS and further education (FE) colleges.
He said: "We don't think it can continue. We've always said that and it's coming home to roost now.
"When you look at the cuts in FE and apprenticeships, and more importantly the devastating cuts to the NHS budget, when people can afford to pay for things they should be paying their share."
Fears have previously been raised about the cost of the scheme, as well as concerns by universities that they are underfunded compared to their counterparts in England.
The Welsh government has always said its funding protected Welsh students after the UK government decided to raise tuition fees in England.
The funding arrangements of universities in Wales, including the Tuition Fee Grant, are currently being reviewed by the Welsh government, but it is not due to publish its report until after next year's assembly election.


A man has been charged with murdering his 65-year-old mother at her east London home.

Mark Hayes, 36, was also charged with attempted arson with intent to endanger life and the attempted murder of a man in Essex on Friday.
The body of Phyllis Hayes was found in her home in Idmiston Road, Stratford, on Thursday, with suspected stab wounds.
Mr Hayes is due to appear at Basildon Magistrates' Court on Monday.


The number of suspected online child sex offences across the East of England has nearly trebled in three years, the BBC has discovered.

Last year more than 2,000 suspects were identified by police forces in the region, compared to 758 in 2014.
The number of cases has left at least one police force overwhelmed, an officer said.
The Home Office said more resources than ever before were being used to target those involved in exploitation.
Under the Freedom of Information Act, the BBC found more than 4,000 suspected paedophiles had been identified across Northamptonshire, Cambridgeshire, Thames Valley, Hertfordshire, Norfolk, Bedfordshire and Suffolk in the last three years.
The forces were asked how many people were suspected of downloading and distributing indecent images of children.
Essex Police refused to say how many suspects had been identified by its officers.
The Lucy Faithfull Foundation, which works to reduce the risk of children being sexually abused, said it currently deals with 700 to 800 calls nationally every month.
The foundation's Donald Findlater said many paedophiles graduate from pornography to indecent images of children.
He said: "Three quarters of the men viewing those indecent images of children were previous to that viewing heavy adult pornography."
4,140
Online child sex offence suspects in the east of England in the last three years
2,179 Suspects identified in 2016
758 Suspects identified in 2014
700-800 Calls dealt with nationally by Lucy Faithfull Foundation
For John, downloading sexual images of children was a natural progression from years of viewing pornography.
A pornography user for 20 years, he said he did not realise at first that the children he was viewing were being abused for his gratification, saying he "didn't dwell on that too much".
After being arrested, John - who did not want to give his real name - attended workshops with the Lucy Faithfull Foundation.
He said he is now "fully aware of the damage I have caused" and feels "huge remorse".
John added he was fortunate to be arrested and get help. He was given a community order for his offences.
Mr Findlater said despite police arresting record numbers of suspected paedophiles, those numbers are a small fraction of the actual number of online offenders.
PC Jason Callum, from Northamptonshire Police's Paedophile Online Investigation Team, said the force was "definitely" overwhelmed by the number of cases.
Part of the problem is parents letting children go on the internet from as young as four years old, PC Callum said.
He added the force is only "now getting the true feel of what is going on out there".
"I don't think we'll ever be able to reflect how bad it really is in terms of what people are prepared to do to the most vulnerable people in society; children."
Mr Rogers said paedophiles act "like small organised crime groups" targeting a society where "everybody has a tablet or a mobile phone".
He said online games and chat rooms are targeted, with offenders posing as 13 or 14 year olds.
The Lucy Faithfull Foundation believes rehabilitation provides an alternative solution to jailing paedophiles.
Mr Findlater said: "A lot of people say look, lock them up.
When Sarah started talking to a 38-year-old man online she initially ignored his age as she "liked the attention".
The teenager, whose name has been changed for her protection, was first contacted by him on a phone app. He ended up raping her in a hotel room.
Even though she told him "several times" that she was under age, the pair exchanged explicit photographs online.
Eventually they agreed to meet: "I lied to my mum and we ended up staying in a hotel."
"He said he cared about me, but obviously he didn't," she said. "He just wanted to use me like a rag doll."
Her abuser has since been jailed.
"I entirely understand - I'm a parent and a grandparent and these crimes are appalling, but we have to face reality.
"The police cannot, will not, arrest them all so by saying lock them all up what we are doing we are denying the size of the problem."
He said although police were committing more resources and making more arrests, "there's still this volume problem to be dealt with".
The Home Office spokesman said: "Child sexual abuse is abhorrent and we are determined to do all we can to bring perpetrators of these vile crimes to justice.
"Since 2010, we have increased support for victims of sexual abuse, invested in training and technology to improve law enforcement's response to abuse both on and offline, and brought in a tougher inspection regime to ensure all front-line professions are meeting their child protection duties.
''Overall, in 2015, more than 2,800 individuals were prosecuted for indecent images of children offences, a 27% increase on the previous year."


South Africa scrum-half Francois Hougaard has signed a permanent deal with Worcester Warriors.

The Springbok, 27, who arrived at the Premiership side on a short-term deal in February, has helped the club win three of their past four games.
The length of the player's fresh contract has not been disclosed.
"Francois has had a huge influence on the side in a short space of time. We hope he can be a catalyst for us moving forward," Warriors boss Dean Ryan said.
Hougaard scored a try on his Worcester debut in their win over Sale and produced a man-of-the-match performance in the 15-14 victory at Newcastle on 4 March - the club's first away success in the Premiership for two years.
"I haven't been here long but I've become really fond of Worcester," Hougaard told the Sixways club's website.
"The club have great ambitions, which is something I'm really excited about being a part of.
"Now my aim is to help drive Warriors up the Aviva Premiership table and to achieve our long-term goal of becoming a top European side."
After going 13 games without a win in all competitions, Warriors' recent revival in the Premiership has eased their relegation fears and taken them 13 points clear of bottom club London Irish.


Coco Chanel once said a woman who cuts her hair is about to change her life.

The most immediate change she'll notice is a minor black hole in her finances.
The cost of a simple cut and blow dry for a woman is typically around £50 in London, though admittedly cheaper elsewhere. But it's almost always significantly less expensive if you're a man. Why?
The price of going to a hairdresser has traditionally been higher if you're a woman wanting an elaborate hairstyle, but as men become more choosy about their coiffure, that distinction no longer always holds true.
One barber shop in north London is joining a growing trend of charging for the style, not the gender of the head being coiffured.
Klara Vanova, originally from the Czech Republic, runs Barberette, in Hackney, which she describes as a "hairdressing hub, not a salon" and is a gender neutral barber shop.
She set up her business in 2012 "because of my experience having short hair myself".
"I have found it absolutely terrifying to go to the hairdressers and ask them for the haircut I want. They will persuade me that the haircut will look too masculine on me, or it will not suit me or it will be too short.
"We offer barber haircuts, which are sharp, clippered haircuts, as well as long hair or texturising haircuts and we don't put the gender on them. We put our foot down saying, well, why would you be charged more?
"So we offer the haircut the client wants, or if a woman wants very short hair, she knows she can come to us and we give her exactly that, as short as she wants or as long as she wants or as long as he wants."
Klara also says it is "unbelievable" that hairdressing remains a "very genderised profession" in an age when identity is broken down not only into men and women but into lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer.
"We have a strong following from the LGBTQ community because they mostly find issues, or they find challenges at a hairdresser, again because it's so genderised. They didn't know where to go.
"Traditionally in hairdressing, women are charged much more than men, and if they challenge it then they say, oh, women's hair is different. So I would like to say, there is no difference between men and women haircuts or hair. It is just simply that in the hairdressing industry you will pay more if you are a woman."
The truth is it doesn't all boil down to how long it takes to style the hair. It's more to do with what economists call price discrimination: people who are willing to pay a higher price will end up being charged more. And women are often happier to spend more on their personal care than men, or were in the past.
But this particular curl of the hairdressing world might be getting straightened out.
Hairdressing, barbering and beauty industry
Source: National Hairdressers' Federation
A qualification was introduced by City and Guilds last year called Hairdressing and Barbering (NVQ) (6008), which it says "does not qualify [students] to be a barber, but does prepare them for working in a salon that carries out services on male and female clients".
And the Supercuts chain of hairdressers also has one price list, which applies to both genders. So, the company says, if you are a man with long hair, you'll pay the same price for a cut and blow dry as if you are female. Equally, a woman who wants a buzz cut pays the same as a male customer.
Jackie Lang, managing director of Regis UK which owns Supercuts, says this approach is growing in popularity among many hair and beauty salons.
"We are seeing the emergence of gender-neutral hair and beauty trends within the social landscape, so providing one generic pricing system helps us to promote fairness and equality throughout our salons," she said.
The Toni&Guy hairdresser chain charges more for women to receive a cut and blow dry than men, although prices do vary between different salons.
Its general manager, Brenda Mail, said the cost of its haircuts is determined by "the length of time you are in the salon and being looked after by a technician or stylist".
She added: "Traditionally, women would experience a longer appointment, due to the length of time it took to blow dry their hair and the techniques for cutting and colouring used.
"However, these days the difference in price for men and women is getting less all the time, as men are taking more and more time in the salon chair."
A spokeswoman for the National Hairdressers' Federation (NHF), the UK trade body for the hairdressing, barbering and beauty business, said some services historically associated with female clients, such as perms and colour, are now becoming more common in men's hairdressing.
"The costs should not vary just because of their gender, so men using these more complex services can expect to pay the higher prices women typically pay to cover their stylist's time, skills and the products used," she said.
But the NHF says that one of the most common services for female clients is  a cut, colour and blow dry, which can take two to three hours.
It says factors such as the varying costs of colouring hair, a detailed consultation process and an application involving "specialist techniques which can take years to master" means many salons separate the costs of service on their menus, whether for men, women or colour services.
"However, gender-neutral price lists do help to dispel the myth that men and women are charged different prices, and make it clear that the price reflects the amount of time taken, the skills needed and the products used, not the client's gender," the spokeswoman added.
As people become increasingly connected and more mobile, the BBC is exploring how identities are changing.
Catch up with programmes, downloads and clips from the season.
Where are you going? - The surprising answers to a simple question
Default World - The morals of the technical elite
Why I'm Not Just Blind -  Must blind people be either inspirational or deserving pity?
Learn more about the BBC's Identity season, find all the programmes or join the discussion on Twitter using the hashtag #BBCIdentity.


The chief executive of Wales' biggest youth movement has quit after concerns from staff about her leadership.

Sioned Hughes was appointed less than two-years-ago to lead Urdd Gobaith Cymru towards its centenary in 2022.
But BBC Cymru Wales' Newyddion 9 has learned trustees intervened after staff voiced a lack of faith in her ability.
The Urdd, which has 53,000 members, said she had left after a "mutual agreement". Ms Hughes declined to comment.
There is no suggestion that Ms Hughes had misbehaved or there was maladministration in any way.
In a statement the Urdd said: "Sioned Hughes and the movement had come to a mutual agreement that her employment as chief executive is to come to an end.
"The Urdd thanks her for her service and wishes her well in the future."


Marcus Rashford is still learning the game and might suffer if called up by England for Euro 2016, says Manchester United's academy chief Nicky Butt.

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England boss Roy Hodgson said Rashford was in his thoughts for France after the striker, 18, scored four goals in his first two appearances for United.
But Butt said: "I think talk of England is well too soon for Marcus."
He said Rashford had "phenomenal potential" but an international call-up now could do "more damage than good".
The 41-year-old Butt, who made 387 appearances for United, said: "It could backfire on everybody and might not be the right thing for him.
"I'm not telling an England manager what to do; it's his job to pick whoever he feels.
"But for me he's a young boy who's still learning the game and has got a long way to go yet."
Rashford scored twice on his debut against FC Midtjylland and added another two goals in a 3-2 win over Arsenal but has since not scored for four games.
Former England international Butt was speaking at a Manchester United event with Gulf Oil International.


Welsh Secretary Alun Cairns has rejected calls for a "softer" Brexit after the general election result led to a hung parliament.

Mr Cairns said it would be "completely wrong" to remain in the EU's single market as both major UK parties told voters they wanted to leave.
But he played down differences with the Welsh Government over Brexit.
The UK government is under pressure to change its approach to leaving the EU, which critics call a "hard Brexit".
Mr Cairns's predecessor, Stephen Crabb, claimed the election had changed the terms of the Brexit debate.
The Preseli Pembrokeshire MP is backing calls from Scottish Tory leader Ruth Davidson for Theresa May to adopt a more flexible approach that achieves a consensus across parties.
Mr Crabb told BBC Wales: "The majority of business opinion in Wales and the UK supports Britain staying in the single market and staying in the customs union but still coming out of the European Union legally.
"And I think that argument needs to get looked at far more closely and if we can't achieve a satisfactory deal based on membership of the single market we need something that is pretty close to it if it's going to achieve the consensus that it needs to across the parties."
Wales Office Minister Guto Bebb said the process of listening to devolved governments had begun.
"It is seven times more important now because of the result of the election that the devolved countries have a real voice in the process of leaving the European Union," he said.
Mr Cairns, newly re-appointed to his role, said he wanted Brexit negotiations, due to start next week, to focus on the right outcome with businesses trading freely.
"We've talked about frictionless trade, the Welsh Government have talked about unfettered access. These are one and the same things," he said.
"Even the Labour Party don't want to remain part of the single market so it would be completely wrong to stay in the single market when the two largest parties are opposed to that."
But Carmarthen West and South Pembrokeshire MP Simon Hart echoed Mr Crabb's call for cross-party consensus.
He said he did not buy the idea that because Theresa May has had "an unquestionably difficult time for which she takes some of the blame" it means "it's game over".


Germany coach Joachim Low says the 2014 World Cup group match against his predecessor Jurgen Klinsmann and his USA team will be "special".

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The teams were drawn together in Group G, along with Portugal and Ghana.
"This is special - we worked together for two years," Low, who was Klinsmann's assistant at the 2006 World Cup, told BBC Sport.
The 49-year-old USA coach joked: "I don't need to make a team scouting report on Germany."
Klinsmann, who won the World Cup as a player in 1990, added: "We probably have one of the toughest, if not the toughest group.
"We not only face Germany [their final group game], but also Portugal, who have Cristiano Ronaldo, and Ghana who are always an issue for us [Ghana knocked USA out in 2010 to reach the quarter-finals].
"We also have worst travel schedule of all the teams - we have to go to Natal, then travel to Manaus in the Amazon and then we fly four-and-a-half hours to the next one.
"But it is what it is - the World Cup is about taking on a challenge and making the best of it."
Low added: "It's going to be incredibly humid and hot. We must get used to it, in training and preparing."
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Meanwhile, Schalke midfielder Kevin-Prince Boateng said he was looking forward to competing against brother Jerome Boateng when Ghana play Germany in the second Group G game, on 21 June.
The siblings faced each other at the 2010 World Cup, when Germany defeated the African side 1-0 in the group stages.
"I'm happy with that," Boateng told Sport Bild. "You can see that dreams can come true.
"I am looking [forward] to another game against my brother at the World Cup.
"And also against my team-mate Jermaine Jones [of the USA] - he's simply great."
16 June 2014
Germany v Portugal, Arena Fonte Nova, Salvador, 17:00
16 June 2014
Ghana v USA, Arena das Dunas, Natal, 23:00
21 June 2014
Germany v Ghana, Estadio Castelao, Fortaleza, 20:00
22 June 2014
USA v Portugal, Arena Amazonia, Manaus, 20:00
26 June 2014
USA v Germany, Arena Pernambuco, Recife, 17:00
26 June 2014
Portugal v Ghana, Estadio Nacional, Brasilia, 17:00


See the moment BBC News NI's Facebook Live caught up with Dolores Kelly as she found out she had won back her seat.

3 March 2017 Last updated at 22:29 GMT
In the May 2016 election she lost her Upper Bann seat.


(Close): Shares in insurance company RSA held back gains on the FTSE 100, after Swiss rival Zurich abandoned its bid plans.

RSA shares closed 20.8% lower, making it easily the biggest loser.
Overall, the FTSE 100 share index closed 0.08% higher, or 4.6 points, at 6,108.71.
Shares in the satellite firm Inmarsat rose more than 1% after it announced a deal with Deutsche Telekom to bring passengers in-flight internet.
Deutsche Telekom will supply the 4G, while Inmarsat will supply the satellite access.
Meanwhile, fashion retailer French Connection saw its shares slump 8.9% after earnings showed it had fallen deeper into the red.
The company reported a loss for the first half of the year of Â£7.9m, compared with a Â£3.9m loss in the same period last year.
The chairman Stephen Marks describing it as "a tough trading period".
On the currency markets, the pound was down 0.14% against the dollar to $1.5507 and was up 0.86% against the euro at â‚¬1.3859.


Paralympics GB athlete, Stef Reid, uses a prosthetic leg after she injured her right leg in a boating accident.

12 September 2016 Last updated at 08:10 BST
Martin caught up with her in Rio, where she told him about the four different types of prosthetic legs she uses:
- She has an everyday leg for day to day life.
- A competition jump leg, which can only be used for running in a straight line and taking off to jump.
- A sport leg which allows her to run and change direction quickly, if she is playing sports such as basketball and rugby.
- And a three inch high heel leg, which has a covering on that looks like skin, for when Stef wants to wear heels.


Burnley have signed full-back Tendayi Darikwa from League One Chesterfield for an undisclosed fee.

The 23-year-old, who was named Spireites player of the year last season after making 56 appearances, has penned a three-year deal at Turf Moor.
"We are delighted to add Tendayi to the squad," Burnley boss Sean Dyche said.
"We have had our eye on him for a while and after playing Chesterfield last weekend, his performance confirmed our thoughts and made the decision for us."
Dyche added to the club website: "He is definitely one who can push for a place in the team now, but also one for the future because we are confident we can improve him as a player because he has a great desire to learn."
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Hampshire all-rounder Gareth Berg has been named the county's supporters' and players' player of the year.

Berg, released by Middlesex at the end of last season following persistent shoulder injuries, scored 674 runs and took 43 wickets in first-class cricket.
"From not playing anything last year to having a decent year this season, it's fantastic," he told BBC Radio Solent.
Michael Carberry and Fidel Edwards claimed the county's batsman and bowler of the year awards respectively.
Berg, 34, made a valuable first-innings 72 against Nottinghamshire in Hampshire's final match of the season as they guaranteed their Division One status in the County Championship.
"It's a very humbling experience for me," he said. "I've got to give a lot of credit to the backroom staff, the physios and strength and conditioning team here to get me to where I am this year.
"I surprised myself in terms of lasting a whole season and more so in terms of the wickets and runs. To have a season completely out of the game and then take more than 40 wickets and score more than 600 runs is a fantastic achievement."
Teenage leg-spinner Mason Crane was named the county's breakthrough player of the year, with Sean Ervine collecting the clubman of the year for his work with charity Hampshire Cricket in the Community.


The government's Prevent anti-terrorism strategy needs constant review, said the head of a school attended by three girls who travelled to Syria.

Mark Keary, head of Bethnal Green Academy, told MPs it was still not clear how they had been radicalised.
GCSE pupils Kadiza Sultana, Amira Abase and Shamima Begum left in February to join the so-called Islamic State group.
Mr Keary said efforts to prevent radicalisation had to keep pace as militants' recruitment tactics changed.
Giving evidence to the Home Affairs Select Committee, Mr Keary said the school had come under "huge scrutiny from counter-terrorism, the police... in a long-running inquiry" into the girls' radicalisation.
He said the inquiry had concluded the investigations would be moving elsewhere but "further down the line we are still no clearer what the agents of that change [the radicalisation] were."
He said the school had been fully engaged with the Prevent strategy from the summer of 2014, adding that what had happened had taken "many agencies by surprise".
"We are hugely concerned. We have looked into every aspect of our work, we have looked closely at what we as a school could or should have done that would have been different."
Both Mr Keary and former deputy head Alison Brannick said Prevent training for teachers had focused on "the stereotype of the angry young man", which none of the girls had fitted.
He added: "We were quite focused through the Prevent strategy on looking for symptoms of radicalisation that on this occasion simply had not materialised."
Mr Keary said Prevent had already changed since February and must continue to evolve.
"Any legislative response or any strategy is in danger of becoming outmoded almost instantly because tactics for recruitment and radicalisation appear to shift and change in response...
"It needs to be very regularly reviewed across the board.
"We cannot be caught in the same situation when we imagine that the radicalisation process and those who represent a threat to our young people will simply stand still.
"What we've got to learn how to do is to adapt and be for once proactive in relation to this.
"The Prevent strategy, if it had one original flaw that perhaps lingers at this point is that it is predominantly reactive."
Mr Keary said the strategy would need commitment from school communities and staff, with work across the curriculum to educate young people to become more critical in their thinking.
The committee also heard evidence from Sara Khan, of the organisation Inspire, about the group's work within the Muslim community to challenge radical preachers, and from the advocacy group Cage.


World number one Lydia Ko hit a one-under-par 70 to remain in contention to win her third consecutive women's major at the Women's PGA Championship.

The New Zealander, 19, is one shot behind joint leaders Brooke Henderson and Lee Mi-rim after two rounds at the Sahalee Country Club, Seattle.
Canadian Henderson, who led after round one, hit a two-over 73, while South Korean Lee had a 69 to reach two under.
Scotland's Catriona Matthew is three behind on one over par after a 67.
Matthew's three-under score was the lowest of the round on a tough scoring day, on which early sunshine gave way to cool temperatures and rain.
Only five players are under par at the halfway stage of the second women's major of the year with Americans Gerina Piller (69) and Brittany Lincicome (70) joining Ko on one under.
Ko, who won the ANA Inspiration in March to add to her victory in the Evian Championship last September, said: "If it wasn't for my putter I know I wouldn't be in this position."
Henderson, 18, said she was "happy" despite dropping a shot at the 18th to lose the outright lead.
"It was a tough day and the conditions made it difficult, I hung in there," she added.


A man has gone on trial accused of causing death by dangerous driving at an Aberdeenshire caravan park.

Nathaniel Cooper is alleged to have struck pensioner Andrew MacKay after losing control of the vehicle at the caravan park in Cumineston, near Turriff.
Mr Cooper, 30, denied the charge at the High Court in Aberdeen.
Sixty five-year-old Mr MacKay died of chest injuries following the incident, which happened on 21 July 2013.
It is alleged that on the day of the crash Mr Cooper had initially been operating the car's clutch, brake and accelerator, while a woman steered from the passenger seat as the pair drove along an unclassified road.
Mr Cooper then allegedly moved his seat back from the pedals at an access road entering the holiday spot, while the woman - 26-year-old Kylie Johnston - moved across to take control of the steering wheel.
Ms Johnston is then said to have been steering the vehicle while sitting on Mr Cooper's lap.
The pair then allegedly drove into the East Balthangie Caravan Park where they lost control of the car, crashed through a fence and collided with Mr MacKay who was standing in front of a caravan.
The jury heard that there were no mechanical defects found on the vehicle to explain the collision.
The court was also told that Ms Johnston did not have a driving licence.
Giving evidence, Mary Dobbin, Mr Mackay's partner of 23 years, said she was sitting in the couple's static caravan reading a book when the car crashed into it.
She said her partner had been cutting up onions and had stepped outside for some fresh air as his eyes were stinging.
She said that moments later there was a loud noise and dishes fell out of the cupboard and smashed on the floor.
She felt the caravan move and she struggled to stand up.
She said: "I started shouting 'Andy' and then I ran through the kitchen looking for Andy and when I got to the door that Andy had gone out there was a car embedded in the door."
Caravan park owner, John Burdon, dashed to the crash scene with his wife Anna as soon as they heard the noise from their house on the outskirts of the site.
The 61-year-old told the court that Mr Cooper and his girlfriend were standing outside the 4X4 vehicle when he arrived and both looked shocked.
He said: "She actually said to me 'I'm sorry'. She was very shocked and distressed."
Mr Burdon said that when he checked underneath the vehicle, he saw Mr MacKay lying face down on the ground.
He told the court two children were inside the car but were later taken out.
In a statement to police he said Mr Cooper had told him that he was letting his girl have a shot of the car and she put her foot on the accelerator instead of the brake.
Judge Lord Stewart informed the jury that Kylie Johnston had also faced the same death by dangerous driving charge but she was no longer facing trial with Cooper because she had lodged a plea with the Crown which was accepted.


The last surviving founder of the left-wing Sandinista movement in Nicaragua, Tomas Borge, has died aged 81.

Borge helped to create the Sandinista National Liberation Front in 1961.
In 1979, the Sandinista revolution overthrew dictator Anastasio Somoza and Borge served as interior minister in the new government of Daniel Ortega.
US President Ronald Reagan saw the revolutionaries as a threat and backed the right-wing Contras in the civil war that followed.
An estimated 30,000 people died in the fighting which lasted a decade and wrecked the country's economy.
Borge was born into a poor family and dedicated himself to the struggle against the Somoza family, which had run Nicaragua for 40 years.
He received military training in Cuba before he helped to found the Sandinista movement.
The organisation was named after Augusto Cesar Sandino, who fought against US intervention in Nicaragua in the 1930s.
Borge became the powerful interior minister in the Ortega government of the 1980s, where he imposed censorship on the media and was accused of human rights violations.
However, he denied accusations that he was responsible for expelling and harassing clergymen during the war.
The Sandinistas were voted out of power in 1990.
Congressman Jacinto Suarez was quoted by the Associated Press news agency as saying Borge was "a transcendental figure in Nicaraguan history".
But the news agency also quoted Nicaraguan writer Gioconda Belli, who said of Borge's later life: "After 1990, I have the sense he gave up his revolutionary ideas... He ended up a tragic-comic figure".
Borge's final years saw Daniel Ortega return to government - he won presidential elections in 2006 and again in 2011.
Borge was admitted to hospital earlier this month for a lung infection and underwent surgery.


A council report has concluded the withdrawal of traffic wardens in the Borders may not have had "as big an impact as is generally perceived".

Police Scotland ended the service across most of the country in 2014.
Regeneration group Future Hawick has lodged a petition claiming a "marked increase in the abuse of parking regulations" in the town.
However, Scottish Borders Council claimed parking habits had "not actually changed significantly".
The local authority is currently considering its position with regard to the management of on-street parking.
One option would be to introduce its own wardens but that would be an expensive one.
It would cost the council around ??200,000 to set up and could not happen for at least two years. The Scottish government would have to agree and give the council the necessary powers.
The Future Hawick petition highlights parking issues which it said were decreasing footfall on the High Street at a time when businesses were suffering an economic downturn.
"The situation has reached the stage where action is required," it said.
It has called on the council to take action immediately.
A report on the subject said there was no comparable data for Hawick prior to the removal of traffic wardens but studies in other areas had shown the impact had not been as great as was perceived.
It recommended that the council take no further action before a report in November on the wider issue of parking and traffic management.


Introducing a minimum price per unit of alcohol in England would improve the health of the heaviest drinkers, a review by Public Health England says.

The report found that although alcohol consumption has dropped since 2008, those in poorer communities are more likely to suffer or die from alcohol-related disease.
The coalition government rejected a minimum price for alcohol in 2013.
Health ministers said they would look at the evidence carefully.
The public health review says that alcohol is now more affordable and people are drinking more than they did 40 years ago, making it the leading risk factor for ill health, early death and disability in those aged 15 to 49 in England.
More adults are non-drinkers but there are still more than 10 million people in England drinking at levels that could damage their health.
The report suggests there were 167,000 years of working life lost to alcohol in 2015 - mainly among the young and middle-aged.
It concludes that reducing the affordability of alcohol is the most cost-effective way of reducing alcohol harm.
But a plan to introduce a minimum price of 45p per unit of alcohol was shelved by the coalition government three years ago.
In 2014, a ban on the sale of alcohol below cost price, defined as alcohol duty plus VAT, came into force in England and Wales.
Public Health England (PHE) says implementing a minimum unit price (Mup) is the answer because it "is a highly targeted measure which ensures tax increases are passed on to the consumer and improves the health of the heaviest drinkers".
It also adds that combing Mup with an increase in taxation would lead to "substantial reductions in harm and increases in government revenue".
The report also says there is little evidence to suggest that putting more information on labels on alcoholic drinks would lead to a reduction in alcohol-related harm.
A spokesman for the Department of Health said: "While no one would want to interfere with the right of adults to enjoy a drink responsibly, this report shows clearly that the abuse of alcohol can cause significant health problems."
And it added that new official guidance on alcohol limits, which say that men and women should drink no more than 14 units of alcohol a week, allowed people to make informed choices.
Prof Kevin Fenton, national director of health and wellbeing at PHE, said alcohol damaged more than just individuals.
"Excessive alcohol consumption can harm children, wreck families, impact on workplace colleagues and can be a burden and drain on the NHS and economy.
"This evidence review will help local and national government and public services like the police and NHS to develop policies designed to reduce the harmful effects of alcohol."
Shirley Cramer, chief executive of the Royal Society for Public Health, said she was hopeful that the evidence would be taken on board by government.
"The health harms of alcohol affect all sectors of society, but are felt most by the poorest and most vulnerable.
"All the evidence now points to Mup as one of the most effective potential ways to tackle these inequalities in harm."
In Scotland, laws for the minimum pricing for alcohol were passed in 2012 but have not yet been introduced because of a series of legal challenges.
The Welsh Government has said it wants to set a minimum 50p charge per unit of drink but UK ministers say alcohol law should be controlled by Westminster.


"One thing about data in Africa is that there's a huge lack of it," says Jasper Grosskurth, managing director of Research Solutions Africa, a pan-African research firm based in Nairobi, Kenya.

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"If there is data, it's usually unreliable and dubious," he continues.
For example, in 2010 Ghana announced it had changed its base year for calculating gross domestic product (GDP) from 1993 to 2006, and overnight the country's GDP jumped 60%.
"Suddenly Ghana was much richer than we thought it was," explains Morten Jerven, author of Poor Numbers: How We Are Misled by African Development Statistics and What to Do about It.
Much of the problem, he says, is that African governments have not put statistics at the forefront of policy and institutional reform agendas, leaving the private sector and non-governmental organisations to fill in the gaps. Yet the uncoordinated demands and needs from both sectors have resulted in fragmented collection of data.
Africa's middle class is rapidly rising, fuelling the second fastest growing economic bloc in the world.
According to the World Bank's most recent Africa Pulse report, consumer spending accounted for more than 60% of sub-Saharan Africa's economic growth last year.
Companies are scrambling to get in on this growth, but one big barrier remains - how to gather reliable market information, insights and opinions from across the continent.
For many research firms, traditional data collection has involved sending a fleet of researchers out with pen and paper to all corners of a country.
But this is still the old-fashioned "Land Rover" methodology, says Nathan Eagle, founder and chief executive of Jana, a US-based company that powers one of the world's largest reward-for-survey platforms in emerging markets, mCent.
"You've got to get into an old Land Rover and head out into the field," he says, which is both expensive and time consuming. "[But] with the advent of mobile phones, that is shifting."
Jana's platform integrates directly into the billing systems of 237 mobile operators, enabling 3.48 billion people in emerging markets to be rewarded with airtime for taking part in surveys.
Users sign up for Jana through a mobile-friendly website or Facebook app, enter their information, and pick what surveys they qualify for. After completing the survey, airtime - ranging from 50 US cents to $5 (30p to £3) - is automatically credited to their phone.
The idea, says Mr Eagle, is to offer financial compensation for users that matches the valuable data they are offering to market research companies - data that would be much more expensive to obtain in other ways.
"We have millions of people across sub-Saharan Africa, and we're just scratching the surface here," he says. "We have far more supply than demand for market research."
Earlier this year, Jana helped CNN International to find out what Africans thought about the possibility of an African Pope. They surveyed 20,000 people across 11 countries over four days. (In case you're wondering, 51% felt an African Pope would be more conservative than previous Popes).
"It was an experiment for us," explains Peter Bale, vice president and general manager of CNN International Digital. "We're experiencing high rates of growth in CNN consumption in Africa, particularly through mobile devices. So we needed to look at how we tap into that.
"It's a proper means of exchange," he adds. "Fifty cents of airtime for six questions, and we got a tremendous flow of information."
Although Jana rewards users through mobile airtime, users need an internet connection to fill out the surveys. The vast majority of mobile phones in Africa are feature phones, which can access the internet, but are generally sluggish in browsing and have high data costs.
In most cases in Africa, Mr Eagle says, users pay to go to local internet cafes, which could also cost them part of their reward.
Yet another company is addressing this problem with a different approach.
BiNu, an Australian firm launched in 2011, is a platform that gives basic mobile feature phones essentially smartphone-like capabilities by offloading all the processing to a cloud-based server, which offers an app store.
"It's like your smartphone in the cloud," says Gour Lentell, BiNu's co-founder. This makes it cheaper and faster to browse on feature phones.
Through BiNu's "Research and Rewards" platform, customers are prompted to opt in to receive surveys and questionnaires, for which they are rewarded with BiNu "credits", convertible to music, books or airtime.
While this type of research could be, and is being, done via text message - through companies like GeoPoll - texts have their limitations.
"The predominant way you'd reach consumers in emerging markets is SMS, because it works on every phone," explains Mr Lentell. "But it's cumbersome and slow, and the types of questions you can post, length of text and methods of collection responses is limited."
Digital may be a fast and efficient way to collect and analyse big data on the continent, but is the data deep enough to replace the old Land Rover methodology?
It depends, says Jasper Grosskurth of Research Solutions Africa.
"The problem with [digital] panels and response rates is that often all you know about the respondents is gender, age, and location or country," he says. "So if I want to run a well-balanced, representative survey, that's tough. It's not as randomised."
Although digital is cheaper, and perhaps better for basic opinion polls - like thoughts on an African Pope - if you want to thoroughly evaluate a development project, for example, "it won't work".
Nevertheless, small and medium-sized businesses are keen to take advantage of the benefits that digital can offer.
"The average consumer in Kenya makes seven to eight payments a day, even the poorest ones," explains Dylan Higgins, chief executive of Kopo Kopo, a Kenya-based start-up. "Those transactions are happening, but they've largely been anonymous to date."
While companies like BiNu and Jana use mobile phones to help big brands find new information from potential or existing consumers, Kopo Kopo aims to find what data already exists, and make it available to local businesses.
M-Pesa, the mobile money service that launched in Kenya in 2007, now has more than 17 million users.
Kopo Kopo captures all of a firm's untracked M-Pesa transactions, and digitises them into a dashboard for business owners to better understand and engage with their customers.
Once businesses are aware of their customers' profiles and spending habits, they can engage with them through offers, rewards, surveys and more.
"A lot of global brands are entering the African market, but there are also a number of brands developing in this market that could become regional or global," says Mr Higgins.
"It's a democratising tool that levels the playing field. As much as I would love to work with the larger brands, why should they be the only ones who can afford to understand and engage their customers?"


A group of rough sleepers have been ordered to leave a park where they set up a tented community.

Bristol City Council won an injunction against Tent City residents - who are camping in an Easton park.
The group, which has camped in Peel Street Park since April, has 28 days to leave or be moved by bailiffs.
Mayor of Bristol, Marvin Rees, said despite an offer of help through a specialist homeless service some people were "choosing to remain in the camp".
"The council and its partners understand that sometimes tents or temporary shelters are erected by vulnerable people in need of help and support," he added.
The group of 10 homeless people said they had raised £1,500 to fund a campaign to stay.
Spokesperson Ben Richie called on the council to "properly assess their housing needs".
He said: "Bristol has a serious homelessness problem that needs properly addressing. We understand the council is desperately short of resources but are shocked they are trying to criminalise homeless people."
However, Mr Rees said: "Those camped on the land have all been offered the support of St Mungo's outreach team, which is commissioned by the local authority to provide support to people sleeping rough.
"St Mungo's visited the camp more than 18 times and spoke to 15 different people. In addition the council's Streetwise team, which deals with anti-social behaviour issues, has visited the camp five times.
"This support is ongoing and we will continue to engage with the people still left at the camp."


A lorry driver who reached over to play a sermon on his mobile phone moments before he hit and killed a cyclist has been given a suspended jail term.

John Noble, 43, of Horrabridge, Devon, admitted causing the death of Chris Dennehy, 58, by careless driving on the A38 near Lee Mill in September 2014.
He was previously cleared of causing Mr Dennehy's death by dangerous driving.
Noble was sentenced to 24 weeks, suspended for two years, at Plymouth Crown Court.
Experts told the court he may only have had two seconds to react after the cyclist came into view.
Noble's lorry hit Mr Dennehy, who lived in Plymouth, from behind on the Exeter-bound carriageway.
The court heard Noble later told a colleague he had been reaching across his cab to play a sermon on his mobile phone just before hitting the cyclist, adding that his vehicle must have drifted across the carriageway.
Noble was also banned from driving for 18 months, ordered to carry out 250 hours of unpaid work and given a 12-month supervision order.


The streets of the capital will be turned into a big party this weekend when Pride in London ends with its annual march.

But it is not just members of the LGBT community flying the rainbow flag, as more businesses than ever are supporting the fight for equality.
With almost 50 official partners, ranging from airlines to mobile networks, and a list of over 60 supporters, companies are signing up to try to stamp out prejudice.
But why are firms joining the fight for inclusion? And does the event risk becoming too commercial?
Polly Shute, director of development and partnerships for Pride in London, said it will be a record-breaking year for the event, with more than 26,500 people expected to take part.
And the number of corporate backers has mirrored the marchers' rise.
But what does Polly think is the attraction for companies to get involved?
"From their point of view, it is a message both internally and externally," she said.
"[Some] don't have a product to sell, but they support us because they want to promote inclusion in the workplace.
"Of course, it also shows external customers that a business supports the cause, but a number of these companies are already involved in charities promoting inclusion and equality, so it is a natural step."
Polly believes it also reflects a wider push for diversity in the workplace.
"It is part of a growing movement about people being able to be who they are at work, which improves things for the business and for the communities," she said.
"A lot of people who are members of the LGBT community have also risen up the ranks and they have gone through periods where they have not felt able to come out - so they want to fight this cause for their workforce."
Barclays is the headline sponsor of Pride in London for the fourth year running and believes the event is an important part of connecting with staff and customers.
Michael Roemer, Barclays' global LGBT lead and group chief compliance officer, said: "We want our colleagues, customers and clients to feel free to express who they are at all times.
"We've made great strides internally in creating an inclusive global workplace, but we want to go further.
"By supporting Pride in London, we're saying 'this is who we are' and we want to encourage everyone else to be able to say who they are, without fear."
Tesco is another sponsor keen to support the people that work there.
John Dickinson, Out at Tesco chairman, said: "Pride in London is such a fun and vibrant event and that's why we're proud to be an official sponsor again this year.
"Over 300 of our colleagues are expected to take part in the parade and 13 stores along the route will enter into the Pride spirit with special Pride-themed signs, bunting and carrier bags."
And Transport for London (TfL) is getting in the mood by decorating its Tube stations, bus stops and bikes for the event.
However, it is also a chance to promote diversity for the city it represents.
Ben Lyon, chairman of OUTbound - TfL's LGBT staff network - said: "The capital is one of the most diverse cities in the world and we are extremely proud to be part of the message to the world that, whatever your sexual orientation, London is open and welcomes you."
But what about the LGBT community? Does it welcome this corporate edge?
Jade Knight, from Nottingham, believes "commercial and mainstream is where Pride needs to be".
The 44-year-old, who has attended Pride events around the country for the past five years, said: "We want to get to the point where LGBT identities are no longer a subculture, but as acceptable on the mainstream as being cisgender and heterosexual.
"The first Prides were riots, then political protests, then a celebration of mainly gay male subculture. Pride has evolved. It's not enough for it just to be LGBT people by themselves."
But she believes the companies need to put money where their mouths are.
"Pride is just the promise," added Jade.
"They need to show up for their LGBT staff and customers all the other days of the year as well, or it means nothing."
Scott Williams, 40, from Bromley, London, has been going to the Pride event in London since 1997 and is more concerned about the direction.
"It is a good thing and a bad thing," he said.
"It allows Pride to happen as these companies contribute to the cost of running the parade and the event. Also, it's good to see companies supporting their LGBT staff.
"But the last two marches I have been to, instead of it being what the original spirit of Pride was - a protest for equal rights and standing up to show visibility - it feels like a big advertisement targeting the LGBT community."
Tilly Williams has been going to Pride in London for eight years and thinks a balance is needed.
The 26-year-old from Camberwell, London, said: "I believe lots of brands are just using it for good publicity, rather than out of any sense of social justice, which isn't ideal.
"But I think anything that increases wider society's acceptance of LGBT issues is inherently good.
"I would like to make sure those brands are supportive of LGBT rights outside of just the Pride festival though, making sure they are tough on discrimination within their company and visibly opposing anti-gay policies."
Pride in London's Polly Shute said: "I understand the concerns, but we are one of the few free Pride events.
"We want to stay that way to be as inclusive as possible, but somebody has to pay for it.
"These companies represent so many people - it is important that they support those communities at work.
"And whilst the corporate sponsors may be more visible, over 60% of those marching are not-for-profit charities or community groups.
"By bringing corporates in, we keep a free Pride and it means those groups can campaign or celebrate."
Natasha Scott, who will be marching with the gay and lesbian association of doctors and dentists on Saturday, agrees.
The 36-year-old from, Finsbury Park, London, said: "Pride, for me, is about acceptance and inclusivity - one day in the year where you genuinely don't have to worry about being yourself.
"Unfortunately to organise such a huge event in London these days costs money, and corporate sponsorship becomes necessary.
"Is it ideal? No. But if it allows Pride to continue reaching out and celebrating then I think it's worth it."


Funeral services have been held in Chicago for nine-year-old Tyshawn Lee, who police say was executed for his father's gang affiliations.

The Reverend Michael Pfleger told mourners it was "a new low for Chicago" and that the city "has to face itself".
Police believe members of a rival gang lured Tyshawn away from a park near his grandmother's home and shot him.
Officers have called the crime "unfathomable" and are offering rewards for anyone with leads on the suspects.
His small red casket arrived at St Sabina's Church on Chicago's South Side, where the city's mayor, Rahm Emanuel was among those paying their respects.
Police say Tyshawn's death can be attributed to two gangs fighting and retaliating against one another for months.
The Faith Community of St Sabina has raised at least $54,000 (Â£35,000) in reward money.
Tyshawn's father Pierre Stokes told ABC7 in Chicago his son's death had nothing to do with gang affiliations and is frustrated the police are focusing on him.
"I don't want to harm nobody, I just want to see justice for my son by seeing the person who did it - whoever did it - locked up. That's all I ever want," he told ABC7.


London Irish director of rugby Nick Kennedy has said he has made no plans beyond the home second leg of their Championship play-off final.

Irish will take an 11-point lead into the return leg against Yorkshire on Wednesday as they bid to complete an immediate return to the Premiership.
"I've not even sorted my holiday out for the end of May or June, I've not thought past kick-off," Kennedy said.
The Exiles are favourites having lost just once in the regular season.
"I don't even know what I'm doing on Thursday morning," former Irish second row Kennedy told BBC Sport. "It's such a big event for me, I don't have the ability to think that far forward.
"We're just throwing absolutely everything at Wednesday night."
Irish will be without centre Asaeli Tikoirotuma in the only change to their team for the second leg at the Madejski Stadium.
The 30-year-old Fiji international was banned for four weeks by an RFU disciplinary panel for dangerous play relating to a high tackle in the 29-18 first-leg victory at Headingley.
"We're pleased we're here, we're pleased we've made it to the final, that was our aim," Kennedy added. "But, our other aim is to make sure we win it.
"We'll do all we can off the field and on the field on Wednesday to make sure we're on the right side of the result."
For the latest rugby union news follow @bbcrugbyunion on Twitter.


Judd Trump secured a place in his fifth ranking final of the season as he beat Ali Carter in the Players Championship semi-final in Llandudno.

Carter fought back from a 4-2 deficit to level at 4-4 and set up a thrilling finish at Venue Cymru.
A break of 89 took Trump 5-4 ahead and he seized the last frame to reach his first Players Championship final.
The world number three will face Hong Kong's Marco Fu on Sunday after Fu beat world number five Ding Junhui 6-5.
"On current form Judd Trump is the best player in the world and a lot of people would agree with me so he'll be the favourite," said Fu.
"I need to improve because I'm in the final but I've been relying on my 'B' game throughout the week."
Ding, who made two breaks over 90 in his 5-2 quarter-final win over Anthony Hamilton, won three frames in a row to move within one frame of victory against Fu at 5-3.
But Fu reduced the deficit courtesy of a 61 clearance and took the next to set up a decider, which he captured with a composed break of 98.
Fu in his second ranking final of the season after winning the Scottish Open in December, while he also beat Trump 6-5 at the Masters in January.
"That Masters win was one of the best matches I've been involved in - it's tough to produce that standard again but that's my goal," added Fu.
"I'll be up for the final - this is a great tournament and all the players want to win it so both of us will be determined."
Final
Judd Trump v Marco Fu
Semi-finals
Judd Trump 6-4 Ali Carter
Marco Fu 6-5 Ding Junhui
Quarter-finals
Mark Selby 2-5 Marco Fu
Ding Junhui 5-2 Anthony Hamilton
Neil Robertson 3-5 Ali Carter
Ronnie O'Sullivan 3-5 Judd Trump
Round one
Stuart Bingham 1-5 Anthony Hamilton
Ronnie O'Sullivan 5-1 Liang Wenbo
Mark Selby 5-4 Ryan Day
Marco Fu 5-1 Anthony McGill
Barry Hawkins 0-5 Neil Robertson
Judd Trump 5-2 Mark King
Ding Junhui 5-4 John Higgins
Ali Carter 5-4 Shaun Murphy


Dundee manager Paul Hartley believes his team are now ready to shine after two years of hard work.

A Kane Hemmings double helped Dundee despatch St Johnstone 2-0 to leapfrog their opponents and move joint-fourth in the Premiership with Ross County.
"We're just building this squad, it's taken nearly two years to build it," Hartley told BBC Scotland.
"Everything behind the scenes too, the structure of the club, I feel we're getting there now."
Hemmings gave Dundee the lead when he pounced on the rebound after St Johnstone goalkeeper Alan Mannus could only parry Greg Stewart's shot.
And the on-form striker doubled the lead in the second half when he latched on to Gary Harkins' through ball and finished well for his 18th goal of the season.
Stewart also hit the bar and Hartley admitted he felt his side should have won by more.
"I thought the players were excellent from start to finish," said Hartley.
"We dominated the game, some of our play was excellent, especially in the final third. We felt we should have scored more goals tonight.
"The four up front - their movement and combination play was excellent.
"We'll keep flying below the radar. We'll just keep trying to get as many points from now until the split."
St Johnstone manager Tommy Wright said his team can still make Europe for a fifth year in a row, but says they need to cut out the errors that are costing them.
Saints are without a win since 5 December - nine games in a row.
"I don't think it's a psychological thing," said Wright. "If you look at the game we had some good play.
"We're making too many mistakes and careless mistakes in possession.
"We're not making the most of opportunities and I think at times in the last third we're not brave enough; turning down crosses, turning down opportunities when we should shoot.
"So, it's just a combination of little things that we can do better.
"This team hasn't become a bad team overnight and they can go on a run and we know we can go on a run. But, individually the whole squad has got to do better and take a lot more responsibility in their performances."


The number of incidents of unruly behaviour by airline passengers rose sharply in 2015.

Incidents of people getting in fights, being verbally abusive or refusing to follow cabin crew orders were up by 17%, according to the International Air Transport Association (IATA).
Alcohol or drug use was identified as a factor in one in four incidents.
In 11% of cases, there was physical aggression or even damage to the aircraft.
Some 10,854 incidents of passengers disrupting flights were reported to IATA last year, up from 9,316 incidents in 2014. That's one incident for every 1,205 flights.
The majority of cases were "verbal abuse, failure to follow lawful crew instructions and other forms of anti-social behaviour," IATA said in a statement.
In the cases of alcohol and drug intoxication, in "the vast majority of instances these were consumed prior to boarding or from personal supply".
"The increase in reported incidents tells us that more effective deterrents are needed," said Alexandre de Juniac, IATA's Director General.
Consumer advocates see airlines packing more customers on each plane to increase profits as part of the problem.
IATA assistant director, Tom Colehan, said frustrations with the journey, including long security lines could be triggers.
"I don't think anybody knows exactly the reason driving the rise," he said. "Perhaps it's just reflective of societal changes where anti-social behaviour is more prevalent and perhaps more accepted."
Of the 265 airlines represented by IATA, 40% have diverted a flight in the past 12 months due to an unruly passenger.
Members of the airline group have called on governments to adopt the Montreal Protocol 2014, which would allow airlines to seek compensation from rowdy passengers.
Currently, people who disrupt a flight can only be prosecuted in the country where the airline is registered - not where it lands.
International airlines have been grappling with the problem of unruly passengers for years.
Earlier this month, British Airways had to divert a flight scheduled to Florida because of a disruptive passenger.
The flight landed in Boston to remove the man accused of "interfering with a flight crew".
Britain's Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has also seen the number or air rage cases soaring - there were 386 dangerous incidents in 2015, compared with just 85 in 2013.
Examples of incidents quoted by the CAA include disruptive passengers fighting each other and one passenger who had to be restrained during the flight after "progressively disruptive behaviour" before attempting to open the plane door.
In 2015, a Southwest flight in the US had to return to its departure airport for an emergency landing when two passengers got into a fight over reclining a seat.
In the first five months of last year, Chinese aviation authorities saw 12 incidents in which passengers had tried to open emergency exit doors while their aircraft was on the tarmac.
The reasons included wanting fresh air or to smoke a cigarette, the South China Morning Post reported.
Industry officials put the price tag of diverting a long-haul flight because of a passenger disruption at around $200,000.
"Of course it is a small minority of passengers that commit these unruly incidents but it has a disproportionate impact," explained Tom Colehan.


A 26-year-old man has been seriously injured in a hit-and-run incident in Milngavie, East Dunbartonshire.

Police said the man was struck by a small, dark car in the town's Moor Road just after 19:00 on Wednesday.
He is being treated for head injuries at the Queen Elizabeth University hospital in Glasgow. His condition has been described as serious but stable.
Police want to trace the driver of the car and have appealed for anyone who witnessed the crash to contact them.


The Liverpool Care Pathway, developed to support patients as they near death, should be phased out in England, an independent review is expected to say.

The system can involve withdrawal of medication, food and fluids.
It can offer a peaceful and dignified death but there have been problems with its implementation, the government-commissioned review is set to say.
Health officials said the review was expected to recommend the LCP should be phased out within six to 12 months.
The system was developed at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital and the city's Marie Curie hospice in the 1990s to provide a model of best practice in the care of dying patients.
It can mean an end to invasive tests, treatment or feeding through tubes that is deemed to cause unnecessary suffering at the end of life - but it should be discussed with the patient, family or carer where possible.
The pathway was developed during the late 1990s at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital, in conjunction with the Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute.
It was intended to provide uniform, high-quality, dignified care for dying patients - whether they were in hospital, at home, in a care home or in a hospice.
Previously, there were concerns that care had been patchy, with some hospitals failing to meet acceptable standards, and accusations that people were subjected to invasive treatment and testing that offered no chance of preventing death, but merely prolonged their suffering.
Under the LCP, patients are regularly reviewed to ascertain whether medication should be stopped - and whether fluids should be withdrawn once they have ceased to be able to eat and drink.
However, families have complained relatives were put on the pathway without their consent, and that death has been hastened in people who were not dying imminently.
Critics say that it is impossible for doctors to predict when death is imminent, so the decision to put a patient on the pathway is at worst self-fulfilling.
There have also been suggestions that the pathway has been used to help hospitals save money. NHS Trusts do receive payouts for hitting targets related to its use - but the suggestion that the pathway has been used for cynical reasons has been vigorously denied by the Department of Health.
The Department of Health (DoH) in England set up an independent review amid fears the LCP was being used to hasten death, to clear beds and save money, and that patients or their families were not being consulted.
The review, led by crossbench peer Baroness Julia Neuberger, applies only to England. The LCP is also used in Scotland and Northern Ireland but not in Wales, which has its own framework for end-of-life care and support.
A Scottish Government spokeswoman told the BBC it welcomed the Neuberger review.
"Recommendations set out in the report will be considered by the Living and Dying Well National Advisory Group, so that any learning for Scotland can be taken forward with stakeholders," the spokeswoman said.
The review for England was asked to focus on the use of the LCP model rather than re-evaluating its basic merits.
But the DoH said the review team, which heard evidence from patients, families and health professionals, encountered "numerous examples of poor implementation and worrying standards in care".
The review was likely to conclude the LCP needed to be replaced, it said in a statement.
"The independent review into end of life care system the Liverpool Care Pathway, commissioned last year by Care and Support Minister Norman Lamb and backed by Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt, is likely to recommend that the LCP is phased out over the next six to 12 months," the DoH said.
The statement gave no indication of what might replace the LCP.
But Mr Lamb said: "We need a new system of better end-of-life care tailored to the needs of individual patients and involving their families."
He ordered the review in November last year amid intense media scrutiny of the LCP following criticism from patients' families.
At the time, he said he was concerned about the "unacceptable" cases that had come to light.
British Medical Association president elect Baroness Finlay said the LCP was originally brought in because patients were "dying badly, in hospitals in particular".
They were being "walked past, ignored and neglected", she said, and the LCP was an attempt to "roll out the best of hospice care into other areas".
"By and large that worked well but the problem has been that it hasn't always been used properly," she told BBC Radio 4's Today Programme.
She said that if the LCP was phased out it was vital something better replaced it. "Something which is very clear, very simple and which drives up professional behaviour," Baroness Finlay added.
Dr Linda Patterson, clinical vice-president of the Royal College of Physicians - which has been reviewing the LCP every year since it was introduced in 2004 - said the system was "very helpful".
"But if the execution of it in all instances has not been right then we need to review that," she added.
"All doctors dealing with patients who may unfortunately die need to be trained in end-of-life care. We need to know what the standards are, we need to be able to apply them, our junior doctors and trainees need to be fully trained in it. And we also need time - time to be able to discuss these very difficult issues."
Jason Suckley, director of policy and campaigns at Sue Ryder, said the healthcare charity's research had shown the timing and quality of conversations health professionals had with terminally-ill patients amounted to a "lottery".
He said workers' communication skills needed to be improved and urged Health Education England, which provides training and support for healthcare professionals, to include end-of-life training in its workforce mandate.
"When it comes to dying we cannot afford to get it wrong and health professionals need to be supported to communicate with people effectively at a very traumatic and emotionally difficult time," he said.
The review's findings are due to be published in full on Monday.


The Royal and Ancient Golf Club has voted in favour of allowing women members for the first time in its 260-year history.

The St Andrews-based club has 2,400 global members who were entitled to vote and more than three-quarters took part in the ballot.
Of those that voted, 85% were in favour of change.
"This is an important and positive day in the history of the R&A Golf Club," said chief executive Peter Dawson.
"The R&A has served the sport of golf well for 260 years and I am confident that the club will continue to do so in future with the support of all its members, both women and men."
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Dawson added that the vote would take immediate effect and a "significant" initial number of women would be fast-tracked to membership in the coming months to avoid the long waiting list.
Founded in 1754, the Royal and Ancient's members play on the St Andrews links course regarded as the "home of golf".
Before Thursday's vote, women could play on the course, on Scotland's east coast, but they were not allowed in the clubhouse and had no significant part in the sport's rulemaking arm, the R&A.
That body, separated from the club 10 years ago, controls golf around the world apart from in the United States and Mexico.
A statement from the Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) backed the results of the ballot.
"The LPGA is happy to hear that the members of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club in St Andrews have voted to include female members," it said.
"This decision is certainly a step in the right direction and one that better captures the current diversity and inclusiveness of our great game."
Sports Minister Helen Grant has also supported the move.
"I am pleased that the members of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews have voted in favour of admitting women members," she said.
"This is positive news for the sport and I hope we will now see other golf clubs that still have outdated same sex policies follow suit. With golf in the next Olympics there is a huge opportunity for the sport to grow and this sends out the right inclusive message that golf is for everyone."
Three Open venues currently have male-only membership - Muirfield in East Lothian, Royal St George's in Sandwich, Kent, and Royal Troon in South Ayrshire, which has separate men's and women's clubs.
The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers is set to review its Muirfield membership rules in September, while Royal St George's said this year it was "considering its position".
In 2012, the Augusta National Club in the United States, which hosts the Masters, admitted two women members for the first time in its 80-year history.


A man has escaped in handcuffs from police as they tried to put him in their car.

Daniel Rogers, 22, ran off after he was arrested on suspicion of theft when officers were called to a disturbance at Howard Close, Waltham Abbey.
The force said he would not be able to take off the handcuffs by himself.
Det Supt Mick Orr said: "Anybody offering this man help to remove the handcuffs could be leaving themselves open to prosecution."
The police helicopter helped officers on the ground scour the area after the suspect made off at about 11:00 BST on Saturday.
Police said Mr Rogers, who has links to Chigwell as well as Waltham Abbey, was wearing handcuffs and grey shorts, a polo top, purple socks, white trainers and has short brown hair.
He was arrested over a theft in the town's Victoria Road on 11 May. A lost bank card was used in shops to pay for Â£180 worth of goods.


Wolves boss Kenny Jackett thinks defender Matt Doherty may still have an outside chance of making Republic of Ireland's Euro 2016 squad.

The 24-year-old Dubliner, who swept the boards with three trophies at Wolves' end-of-season awards night on Tuesday, is yet to be capped by his country.
But the former Under-21 was in Martin O'Neill's squad for the friendlies in March against Switzerland and Slovakia.
"It very much depends on the manager's thinking," Jackett told BBC WM.
"But the fact that he has been involved is a credit to him. It shows he is being thought of by Martin O'Neill and long may it continue."
O'Neill must name his squad for France by 31 May.
"It does seem as if maybe injuries would bring him in but he's earned that and I hope it works out for him," added the Wolves head coach.
"Looking back on his season, he can think positively, as he's shown he has the ability to play on either side, which is a strength, particularly for us when you're thinking the emergency loan window isn't available to us and he can be pleased with himself.
"Most importantly looking forward now, at 24 years old, he's got his best years ahead of him and hopefully his best years for Wolves."
Doherty was voted Wolves Player of the Season, Players' Player of the Season and also won the club's Goal of the Season award, for his long-range strike in the 3-2 win against Fulham in January.
Fit-again Wolves team-mate Dave Edwards is also a contender for one of the midfield berths in the Wales squad.
"Matt Doherty was a deserving winner of his three Wolves end-of-season awards. In a campaign that was largely unfulfilling for most concerned with the club, he established himself as a regular and dependable member of the defence.
"Moved from right to left-back for most of the second half of the season, Doherty appeared to have little trouble settling into his new position, adding life to Wolves' attacks. He was unlucky not to score more than the two goals he managed.
"Whether that form will have done enough to put the thoughtful young Irishman into his country's squad for the European Championships remains to be seen but, at 24, he has plenty of time ahead, and if his current progress continues such opportunities are sure to come his way eventually."


Ryan Mayse is back at Dungannon Swifts after the midfielder joined the Stangmore Park club from Ballinamallard United on Tuesday.

The 23-year-old, who spent three years with Dungannon, signed for the Mallards in 2016 after a spell with Dergview.
"From the minute I left I've always wanted to get back here - I feel I can bring a lot to the Swifts," Mayse told the Dungannon website.
Mayse scored 10 goals for Ballinamallard last season.
"I'm delighted with the signing of Ryan," said Dungannon manager Rodney McAree.
"I've known him for a long time and he'll be a terrific addition to the squad. He is a very talented player with an eye for goal - I can't wait to start working with him in pre-season."
Mayse's exit from Ferney Park comes five days after the Fermanagh club signed midfielder Richard Clarke from Crusaders.


Local authorities in the Balearic Island have asked for a limit to be put on drinking alcohol on planes and in airports as they try to crack down on anti-social behaviour.

Pilar Carbonell, head of tourism across the islands, including Mallorca and Ibiza, has pleaded with Spain and the European Commission for the limit.
The proposal was raised in Brussels on Tuesday.
It comes after a series of high profile alcohol-fuelled incidents.
In one particular incident, passengers reported members of a stag do fighting in the aisles of a Ryanair flight on its way from Manchester to Palma, in Majorca.
According to the Manchester Evening News, three people were arrested when it landed on the island.
In a statement, Ms Carbonell said the limit in airports and on flights would "guarantee security... and tackle anti-social tourism". It was not clear whether it was just aimed at flights heading to the Balearic Islands, or the wider European Union.
"The aim of the measure is to improve passenger security and also that of  security forces in planes and airports in our islands, who are often faced with drunk passengers," it said.


A man trying to retrieve his mobile phone has been struck and killed by a rollercoaster at a theme park in Ohio.

James Young rode the Raptor rollercoaster at Cedar Point amusement park and then jumped over a fence to get his phone when he was hit.
A coroner confirmed he was looking to retrieve his mobile phone. The park confirmed Young's death in a statement.
"At 5pm, a guest entered a restricted, fenced area of Raptor and was struck by the ride," Cedar Point tweeted.
"Our thoughts and prayers are with the family."
Young was 45 years old, said Phil Frost of the Sandusky Police Department.
"He jumped over a fence into a restricted area under the Raptor and was looking for his items," Mr Frost said during a press conference.
Cedar Point is located near Lake Erie in Sandusky, Ohio, and considers itself one of the best theme parks in the world.


An Aberdeen city centre park has been closed off by police as they investigate an incident which happened there in the early hours of the morning.

Officers are at Union Terrace Gardens for what they say is an "ongoing inquiry".
No further details have been given.


Two men have appeared in court charged with several offences, including human trafficking and arranging prostitution.

Decebal Mihai, 28, from Kenlis Street in Banbridge and Spartacus Ilie Mihai, 20, from Henly Road, Ilford, in Essex, deny the five charges they each face.
It follows police searches of properties in east Belfast and Banbridge on Thursday.
Police said four women were rescued from the two locations - one in Belfast and three in Banbridge.
The searches were carried out at properties on the Newtownards Road in east Belfast and at Kenlis Street in Banbridge on Thursday.
A related search was conducted in London by the Metropolitan Police, but no victims were found and no one was arrested.
At Belfast Magistrates Court on Saturday, police acknowledged that four women in the public gallery were the same people they'd rescued, and that two of them were the partners of the accused.
The women were in court apparently supporting the two Romanian men.
District Judge George Conner refused bail, saying there was a risk of the pair re-offending and interference with the inquiry.
The two men will appear again in court via video link on June 19.


Rebel forces in the Central African Republic say they have halted their offensive on the capital, Bangui, and will take part in peace talks.

The announcement from the Seleka rebels comes as the country's neighbours say they are sending in extra troops.
Gabon deployed 120 troops on Tuesday and Cameroon was expected to send a similar number.
The CAR's President, Francois Bozize, has sacked the defence minister - who is his son - and the army chief.
The dismissal of Francis Bozize and Gen Guillaume Lapo was announced on state radio. No reason was given but the president has criticised the army for failing to stop the rebels.
President Bozize has taken over as defence minister, officials said.
Since the Seleka rebels began their campaign a month ago, they have taken several key towns and cities, including the diamond centre of Bria.
On Saturday, they captured Sibut city, which is about 150km (95 miles) from the capital, Bangui, after government forces withdrew.
It is the biggest threat President Bozize has faced since he took power in a coup in 2003.
Both the US and France, the former colonial power, have rejected a plea by the government for help to defeat the rebels.
However, neighbouring states agreed to bolster the Central African Multinational Force (Fomac), which was deployed to the CAR in 2008 to help end years of unrest.
Speaking to BBC Afrique before news of his dismissal, Francis Bozize said Fomac troops had been deployed to Damara, 75km (48 miles) from the capital.
Fomac commander General Jean-Felix  Akaga warned the rebels against any attempt to take Damara, the last strategic town between them and Bangui, AFP news agency reports.
"We will not give up Damara," he was quoted as saying.
Damara resident Bertin Andjipassera told Reuters news agency that people have been fleeing their homes.
"Everybody in Damara has gone into the bush, even our wives, our children are in the bush... The hospitals are not working.... There's nothing, just suffering."
Francis Bozize said 120 Gabonese soldiers had arrived in the CAR on Tuesday to bolster the regional force.
A similar number of troops from Cameroon were expected on Wednesday, and they would be followed by a contingent from Congo-Brazzaville, he added.
BBC West Africa correspondent Thomas Fessy says the rebels' capacity to take on these reinforcements is not known and the regional military build-up may well have worked as a deterrent.
Last month, France sent more than 100 paratroopers but insisted they were only there to secure its nationals - not to save the government.
Seleka spokesman Eric Massi told journalists the rebels had been ordered to halt their advance.
"I have asked our forces not to move their positions starting today because we want to enter talks in [Gabon's capital] Libreville for a political solution," he told Reuters on Wednesday.
"I am in discussion with our partners to come up with proposals to end the crisis, but one solution could be a political transition that excludes [President] Bozize."
A regional body, the Economic Community of Central African States (Eccas), is trying to arrange talks between the government and rebels in Libreville, while strengthening its force in the CAR.
Seleka - an alliance of three separate groups - accuses the government of failing to honour a 2007 peace deal under which fighters who laid down their arms were meant to be paid.
They have dismissed the president's offer to form a national unity government.


A fresh ballot for strikes will be held among drivers on Arriva Trains Wales in a long-running row over pay, terms and conditions.

The union Aslef said it had been left with no option than to re-ballot its members after accusing the company of "reneging" on a proposed deal.
A planned strike earlier this month was suspended to allow talks to be held.
Aslef's Mick Whelan said they "moved the goalposts" but Arriva's Gareth Thomas blamed a "misunderstanding".
Mr Whelan said: "After arriving at a deal with Arriva Trains Wales that we were happy to put to our members, the operator has subsequently moved the goal posts by changing the length of the shifts our members are expected to work.
"We had hoped to avoid this action, because we always work hard to find a resolution to problems without strike action, but this is no way to conduct industrial relations in the 21st century and the actions of management have left us with no choice other than to re-ballot our members."
Mr Thomas added: "The locally-elected company council were in full agreement with the terms of the deal. There appears to have been a misunderstanding between the locally-elected representatives with whom the detail of the deal was agreed and Aslef's national executive.
"Once again, we find ourselves in a position that the parts of the union closest to our people were in agreement with the detail of the deal but the national executive of Aslef, who were not involved in any discussions until November 11, seem to be unclear about the details of the deal which we believed to be acceptable to drivers locally."


A "tombstoner" was filmed falling to his death while he was five times over the legal drink-drive limit, an inquest has heard.

Vincent Wagstaff, 39, stepped off a ledge rather than leaping into the sea and struck rocks 10m (30ft) below off the Plymouth coast.
Mr Wagstaff asked a friend to record his jump to put it on social media.
Coroner Ian Arrow recorded an accidental death verdict which had been contributed to by alcohol consumption.
More on this story, and other Devon news
An inquest at Plymouth Coroner's Court was shown mobile phone footage of Mr Wagstaff jumping off the wall.
Mr Wagstaff could be heard saying "oh no" as he plunged towards the rocks on Thursday 15 October.
The inquest heard his companions cried out and called for an ambulance, but Mr Wagstaff died from multiple injuries.
Mr Arrow said: "I am satisfied that at the time he was significantly intoxicated. He simply stepped off - it was a serious miscalculation."
The coroner said he hoped the publicity surrounding the death would act as a warning to others that alcohol and jumping off high places do not mix and in Mr Wagstaff's case led to "an extremely sad end".
The inquest heard his blood alcohol reading was 403mg - the legal drink-drive limit is 80mg.  Mr Arrow added that some people would have died from the high alcohol level alone.
Speaking after the inquest, Mr Wagstaff's former partner Nikki Rickard, said: "Vince was a loving and caring family man. He was hard working and adored his children.
"He leaves behind three devastated children, a partner, a brother, and family and friends. We are left with a huge gap in our lives that can never be filled. He will always be loved and missed."


Rwanda's intelligence chief Karenzi Karake, who is wanted in Spain for war crimes, has been arrested in London.

Gen Karake, 54, was arrested at Heathrow Airport on Saturday, and remanded in custody ahead of a court hearing on Thursday.
He is accused of ordering massacres while head of military intelligence in the wake of the 1994 Rwanda genocide.
Louise Mushikiwabo, Rwanda's foreign minister called the arrest "an outrage".
Gen Karake is also accused of ordering the killing of three Spanish nationals working for Medicos del Mundo.
In 2008, a Spanish judge indicted him for alleged war crimes along with 39 other current or former high-ranking Rwandan military officials.
He was arrested by Metropolitan police officers under the European Arrest Warrant.
But the Rwandan government is said to be puzzled by the timing of Gen Karake's arrest, as he had travelled to the UK several times since the indictment was issued.
Williams Nkurunziza, Rwanda's High Commissioner to the UK, called the arrest "an insult".
"We take strong exception to the suggestion that he's being arrested on war crimes," he told the BBC World Service.
"Any suggestion that any of our 40 leaders are guilty of crimes against humanity is an insult to our collective conscience."
Gen Karake is director general of Rwanda's National Intelligence and Security Services and a member of Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF).
Nicknamed KK, the Rwandan government hail him as one of the people who stopped the genocide. He went on to be deputy commander of the country's first UN peacekeeping mission in Darfur before returning to his role as spy chief.
During the genocide an estimated 800,000 people were killed between April and June 1994 by ethnic Hutu extremists.
Most of the dead were members of the minority Tutsi community and politically moderate Hutus.
The killings ended when the RPF, a Tutsi-led rebel movement that entered Rwanda from Uganda, seized control of the country.
But Human Rights Watch reported that in their drive for military victory and to control the population, the RPF killed thousands, including government troops, members of the militia and some civilians in numerous executions and massacres.
Phillip Gourevitch, a leading writer on Rwanda, told Newsnight that Gen Karake's arrest was the equivalent of the head of the UK's MI6 or the US's CIA being arrested.
He said the Spanish indictment had been criticised as highly politicised by many, including US diplomats.
In a statement the British High Commission in Rwanda said the arrest was a "legal obligation" carried out on behalf of the Spanish authorities but stressed the UK had a "close relationship" with the Rwandan government.
"We co-operate closely on a growing range of regional and international issues," the statement said.
"Her Majesty's government greatly values the close relationship with Rwanda and is committed to that relationship for the long term."
Andrew Mitchell, former secretary of state for international development, told the BBC he thought the arrest was "completely wrong".
"I think it is reprehensible that the European Arrest Warrant is being abused in this way," he said.
"It's being used for political reasons and not judicial ones."
He added that he agreed with the American view that the indictments were "un-researched, politically motivated and lacking in facts."


A man who was caught with cocaine and cannabis resin worth about £457,000 has been jailed for six years.

Kevin McIndoe, 34, was arrested after police targeting an organised crime gang raided a flat and garage in East Kilbride in May last year.
McIndoe admitted being concerned in the supply of both drugs.
His co-accused, 31-year-old Ross McMillan, was jailed for three years after he admitted being concerned in the supply of cocaine.
The High Court in Edinburgh heard how both men were caught as part of an investigation by the former Strathclyde Police into the large-scale importation and distribution of cocaine and cannabis.
McIndoe came under surveillance as part of the operation and on 13 April last year was seen  driving from East Kilbride to the car park of the Malletsheugh Inn at Newton Mearns for a drugs handover.
A private hire taxi pulled up beside him and he was seen leaning into the vehicle as he delivered a carrier bag.
The taxi was followed and stopped at Housewoodhill Road, in Glasgow, and almost a kilo of cocaine, with an estimated street value of £40,000, was found.
McIndoe was then seen on 19 May at a block of flats in Gullion Park, East Kilbride.
Another man who drove off from the flats was later stopped by the former Grampian Police force on the A90, near Stonehaven, and found to have cocaine worth about £29,000.
Officers later raided the flat in East Kilbride which had been let to McIndoe, where they found him with a bin bag containing more than three kilos of cocaine, worth about £130,000.
Inside the flat, they discovered two pneumatic presses for compressing cocaine into blocks, along with equipment for cutting the drug.
Almost £7,000 in cash was also found hidden in a cooker hood.
Officers later found 40 kilos of cannabis resin, with a street value of about £327,000, at a lock-up garage McIndoe used nearby.
The 34-year-old, who is currently serving a prison sentence for another drugs offence, admitted being concerned in the supply of the drugs, with the offence aggravated by a connection with serious organised crime.
Jailing him, judge Lord Turnbull told McIndoe: "You have pled guilty to being concerned in the supply of very large quantities of two different forms of controlled drugs."
The judge said he had played "a prominent role", including making arrangements for the pressing and packaging of drugs and having responsibility for delivering valuable amounts to lower-level dealers.
Lord Turnbull told him it was clear a "substantial" prison sentence was required and said he would have been jailed for eight years, but for his guilty pleas.