Phantom dogs, spring-heeled demons and a half-man, half-owl hybrid - these are just some of the strange and mythical creatures from English folklore that have inspired writers for centuries.

It was while novelist Sarah Perry was driving through Essex with her husband that she first heard the story of a giant serpent, with teeth "very white and sharp".
The myth of a 9ft (2.7m) snake which terrorised the county's cattle had been told for centuries. Inspired, she produced her novel The Essex Serpent, which won her the Waterstones Book of the Year prize last year.
The tale of the giant serpent first surfaced in a pamphlet from 1669, which claims its antics were "attested by many credible persons".
"It's a great unsolved mystery," says Perry, who lives in Norwich. "Some say it was all a hoax, a monster that was hand-built by a man and his son.
"Others say it was a crocodile - some such creature which escaped from the [royal menagerie housed at the] Tower of London and made its way to the Essex marshes."
Regardless of its authenticity, myths and the "dark places that inhabit the corner of your eyes" have always interested her.
She is not alone.
Fellow author Karen Maitland drew on the tales of the Owlman - a relatively modern Cornish story first recorded by paranormal researcher Tony Doc Shiels.
According to Shiels, two girls, aged nine and 12, saw the creature hovering near Mawnam church in 1976, describing it as large like a man but with pointed ears and red eyes.
The story party inspired Maitland's work The Owl Killers. She said she wanted to include the Owlman in her thriller for its links to the occult.
"The owl was once a symbol of female power that had been subverted... used by the church and by local cults."
Another writer inspired by local legend was Bram Stoker. The Dracula author had his head turned by the legend of the Lambton Worm, which was said to have terrorised the County Durham village by snatching away small children and devouring sheep.
He wrote The Lair of the White Worm, published in 1911, based on the myth of the monster, which was described as large enough to coil itself around a hill.
It was later turned into a Ken Russell film, featuring Hugh Grant in one of his earliest roles, Amanda Donohoe and an unfortunate boy scout.
Similarly, Arthur Conan Doyle drew on the story of Black Shuck - the demon dog that apparently appeared at churches in Bungay and Blythburgh in Suffolk during a thunderstorm in August 1577.
The animal apparently killed two parishioners and left scorch marks on a church door, and became one of the inspirations for the Sherlock Holmes novel, The Hound of the Baskervilles.
It also inspired Essex writer Martin Newell, who wrote a poem named after the dog.
He says more and more writers are being drawn to mythology "as society becomes more secular and the younger generation, who never go near a church, are looking for mystery in life".
"I grew up with the stories of Black Shuck from my granddad. When I was writing [the poem] someone said to me to 'be careful'," he adds, with a nod to the grip the story still holds on people.
Other demonic creatures to be immortalised in print include Spring-Heeled Jack, who struck fear in the hearts of Victorians.
Sightings of the mysterious light-footed man, who could leap over 9ft (2.7m) fences, were recorded from Chichester to Liverpool and were first reported in The Times in the 1830s.
Prof Rohan McWilliam, an expert on Victorian culture at Anglia Ruskin University, said popular Gothic fiction turned monsters such as Spring-Heeled Jack into unlikely heroes - partly in reaction to what was happening culturally at the time.
"In the 19th Century you had a high tide of rationalism and these horror stories, and these monsters, acted as a counterweight to the rationalism," he said.
The devilish ne'er-do-well, who terrorised people and chased a gardener, according to a report from 1838, went on to inspire a novel named after him, written by Philip Pullman.
While the story is almost 200 years old, the motif of a mysterious, shadowy man continues to be used in modern-day tales.
Slender Man, a horror character created on the internet by Eric Knudsen in 2009, is a present-day example of a mythological creature.
"The Slender Man is unique only in the fact that he was generated via online forums," says Shira Chess, assistant professor of mass media arts at the University of Georgia.
"This affected the speed of his spread but not the essence of his story. In many ways, the Slender Man resonates with older styles of storytelling, fairy myths, and other modes of folklore."
Jonathan Downes, a director of the Centre for Fortean Zoology, says even though it was created in the digital world, the Slender Man bears the hallmarks of old-school folklore and looks likely to influence writers in generations to come.
Maitland says novelists, poets and songwriters are likely to continue finding inspiration from these creatures of old and new folklore.
"Ever since man first sat around telling stories these shadowy creatures have been a big part of those stories," she says.
"Writers are drawn to these creatures because they stir something primeval in us."


A cheap test which could detect even low levels of viruses and some cancers has been developed by UK researchers.

The colour of a liquid changes to give either a positive or negative result.
The designers from Imperial College London say the device could lead to more widespread testing for HIV and other diseases in parts of the world where other methods are unaffordable.
The prototype, which needs wider testing, is described in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.
The test can be configured to a unique signature of a disease or virus - such as a protein found on the surface of HIV.
If that marker is present it changes the course of a chemical reaction. The final result is blue if the marker is there, red if the marker is not.
The researchers say this allows the results to be detected with "the naked eye".
Prof Molly Stevens told the BBC: "This method should be used when the presence of a target molecule at ultra-low concentration could improve the diagnosis of disease.
"For example, it is important to detect some molecules at ultra-low concentrations to test cancer recurrence after tumour removal.
"It can also help with diagnosing HIV-infected patients whose viral load is too low to be detected with current methods."
Early testing showed the presence of markers of HIV and prostate cancer could be detected. However, trials on a much larger scale will be needed before it could be used clinically.
The researchers expect their design will cost 10 times less than current tests. They say this will be important in countries where the only options are unaffordable.
Fellow researcher Dr Roberto de la Rica said: "This test could be significantly cheaper to administer, which could pave the way for more widespread use of HIV testing in poorer parts of the world."


Up to 20 cars were damaged when part of an Audi showroom collapsed.

A section of the first floor, covering the workshop area of the showroom on Northfield Drive, Milton Keynes, gave way at about 12:00 BST.
No-one was injured. The fire service attended to assess what happened.
The Jardine Motors Group said everyone was evacuated from the building and the company was "investigating the cause of the collapse and the extent of the damage".
Ian Wilson, from Buckinghamshire Fire and Rescue, said staff had a "lucky escape" thanks to the actions of their colleagues.
"People working within a workshop heard a loud bang and promptly hit the fire alarm call point, which was quick thinking on their part," he said.
"Within 20 minutes a third of the floor above the workshop collapsed."
Mr Wilson said there was a ramp up to the first floor, which was "serving as a car park".
Structural engineers are assessing the damage.


A man accused of mounting a bomb attack on a cash machine in County Armagh containing £90,000 must remain in custody, a High Court judge has ruled.

Ioan Anton, 37, was refused bail amid claims he used explosives in a bid to steal the contents of the ATM.
No money was stolen in the raid at a Costcutters shop in Hamiltonsbawn, but around £1,000 was destroyed.
Police believe a similar method was used in a separate cash raid from an ATM machine in County Tyrone.
The court was told the incident in Carrickmore happened less than two weeks earlier.
Anton, a Romanian national with an address at Brega Hamlet Lane, Balbriggan, in the Republic of Ireland, denies charges of criminal damage, attempted theft and causing an explosion likely to endanger life or property.
He was arrested along with a co-accused after police stopped a Volkswagen Passat in Keady 12 hours after the attack in Hamiltonsbawn on 5 June.
Officers had earlier discovered the ATM ablaze and connected to a battery pack and wires.
A baseball cap and adhesive tape were also found at the scene.
Gas is believed to have been used to carry out the explosion.
Witnesses told police they heard a loud bang at Costcutters and saw another car speed off.
An Audi A4 that crashed into a tree less than three miles from the scene forms part of the investigation.
A prosecution lawyer told the court irreparable damage had been caused to the Danske Bank ATM.
She said: "Of the £90,000 that was within the machine just over £1,000 was destroyed. However, no cash is believed to have been taken."
Mr Justice Horner was told the device and modus operandi in the Hamiltonsbawn attack were similar to that used previously in Carrickmore where a large amount of money was stolen.
Anton and his co-accused were questioned about that raid but released on police bail without charge.
Setting out the case against Mr Anton for the explosion at Hamiltonsbawn, the prosecuting lawyer claimed he was linked by CCTV footage to the purchase of gloves and wiring from a B&Q store in Dublin the day before.
Opposing bail, she added: "The explosion aspect of this incident does create a risk to the public."
A defence lawyer argued there was still no forensic link to his client.
"Mr Anton did, through his solicitor, during interview deny involvement in the offence," the defence lawyer said.
He also said there had been insufficient evidence to charge Mr Anton with the Carrickmore raid.
But refusing bail due to risks the accused could flee or re-offend, Mr Justice Horner said: "This was a very serious incident involving a homemade bomb in order to obtain access to an ATM."


A Wrexham company has been fined £180,000 after a man was crushed by heavy machinery at a Ruabon factory.

Christopher Michael Williams, 51, of Acrefair, died after being struck by a half-tonne power press on 3 December 2012 at Vauxhall Industrial Estate.
Mold Crown Court heard the lifting operation was unsafe and Mr Williams was not properly trained in lifting non-standard loads.
Morgan Technical Ceramics Ltd had admitted failing to ensure his safety.
The court heard a maintenance supervisor was moving the power press on a pallet truck when it toppled over, striking Mr Williams.
He died from his injuries at the scene.
As well as the fine, the firm must also pay £23,000 in costs.


Two more Welsh members of Labour's Shadow Cabinet have resigned in protest at Jeremy Corbyn's leadership.

Work and pensions spokesman Owen Smith and Shadow Welsh Secretary Nia Griffith followed Rhondda MP Chris Bryant, who resigned as shadow leader of the house.
Most of Labour's front bench has quit over Mr Corbyn's EU campaign efforts.
Mr Smith, who has ruled himself out of any leadership contest, said: "It breaks my heart to say I cannot see how he can continue as leader."
A string of front bench figures have stepped down amid dismay over what many saw as Mr Corbyn's half-hearted performance during the EU referendum campaign won by Leave.
The resignations on Monday followed a meeting at which Mr Corbyn was urged to step down.
Mr Smith said he feared the Labour party could split over the leadership issue.
"I went into this morning's meeting with Jeremy hoping not to resign, hoping that I was going to hear a plan to bring the party back together," he said.
"And I'm afraid I didn't hear that from him.
"I think we are at a moment where we desperately need a strong Labour party.
"It feels that the collision between the people who're seeking to get rid of Jeremy Corbyn and the people who are trying to stick in there in Jeremy Corbyn's team risks breaking the Labour party."
In her resignation statement, Ms Griffith said:  "I made clear to Jeremy that I have always admired his commitment to the causes that matter to him, but last week's referendum result and the likelihood of an early general election mean that the party now requires new leadership.
"Jeremy has lost the confidence of the party, including many members who initially supported him, and he should now do the honourable thing and resign."
Ms Griffith's junior spokespeople on Wales - Susan Elan Jones and Gerald Jones - have stepped down with her.
The wave of resignations began following the sacking of Hilary Benn as shadow foreign minister on Sunday after Mr Benn told Mr Corbyn he had lost confidence in his ability to lead the Labour party.
Mr Corbyn has announced a new team, including Emily Thornberry as shadow foreign secretary and Diane Abbot moving to health, saying he regretted the resignations but pledged to stand in any new leadership contest.
Earlier on Monday, Caerphilly MP Wayne David quit the Labour front bench, saying Mr Corbyn was not "up to the job" in the wake of the EU referendum vote for Brexit.
Mr David held shadow briefs for Scotland, the Cabinet Office and political reform in the shadow justice team.
He said: "The feedback I've got from Labour party members and also from members of the public who have loyally voted Labour for many, many years is that they will not continue to vote Labour as long as Jeremy Corbyn is leader of the party.
"And we cannot bury our heads in our hand - we have to acknowledge that reality."
Aberavon MP Stephen Kinnock has also resigned as an aide to shadow business minister Angela Eagle, citing Mr Corbyn's "half-hearted and lacklustre role" in the EU campaign.
Torfaen MP Nick Thomas-Symonds stepped down as an employment spokesman.
On Sunday, Mr Bryant was the first of the three Welsh MPs in the shadow cabinet to step down.
He told BBC Wales on Monday: "Last week we helped Jeremy hand the right in this country the biggest victory they've had for a century and shot to pieces one of our most important economic and financial policies, namely remaining in the European Union.
"I just think that means his position is now untenable.
"I said to Jeremy, I've tried my best to make this work but the truth is you did undermine our campaign in the European election and in the end people didn't know whether you wanted us to remain or leave.
"And I fear if we go into a general election - which may come in a matter of months now - that kind of ambivalence and poor campaigning will simply lead to the destruction of the Labour party."
Mr Bryant added that Labour was "not going to go back to what it was under Blair or Brown", but said the party needed "a leader who is convincing to the vast majority of voters in this country".
Three Welsh candidates who stood in last year's general election are signatories on a list of 57 from across England, Wales and Scotland who have called on Mr Corbyn to go.
Mary Wimbury, Mari Williams and Delyth Evans, who stood in Aberconwy, Cardiff North and Carmarthen West and South Pembrokeshire respectively, added their names to the letter.
It said: "We believe we must accept that we cannot achieve our shared ambitions for the future of the United Kingdom without a leader able to command the confidence of the country.
"That is why we believe that the Labour party must seek a change of leadership."


Kim Dotcom, whose site MegaUpload was shut down by US authorities in 2012, has formally launched a political party in New Zealand.

The Internet Party was a "movement for the freedom of the internet and technology, for privacy and political reform", the tycoon said.
New Zealand goes to the polls in September.
Mr Dotcom is fighting extradition to the US over charges of copyright infringement on a "massive scale".
To enter parliament, the Internet Party must win an electoral seat or secure 5% of the vote. One suggestion was that he could align with an existing party, but his most likely ally earlier this week cast doubt on that plan.
On its website, the party said that it would "give you faster, cheaper internet, create high-tech jobs, protect your privacy and safeguard our independence".
It also promised to introduce "a New Zealand-sponsored digital currency that is safe, secure and encrypted".
Mr Dotcom was arrested at his mansion near Auckland, New Zealand, in January 2012. As well as MegaUpload being shut down, Mr Dotcom's assets were frozen.
But later scrutiny of the raid led to New Zealand Prime Minister John Key apologising to Mr Dotcom for what were described as "basic errors" by intelligence services in collecting information on behalf of the US.
US authorities accuse him of earning more than $175m (Â£106m) by facilitating the distribution of pirated copies of movies, TV shows and other content. Kim Dotcom denies any wrongdoing.
In January 2013, a year after the closure of MegaUpload, he set up Mega, which also allows users to host and share large files on the internet.
Earlier this week, he announced plans to list his new file-sharing firm on the New Zealand stock market.
He also caused controversy this week by admitting he owned a signed copy of Adolf Hitler's book Mein Kampf.
But the internet entrepreneur said he was "totally against" the Nazis and pointed out he also owned objects that had belonged to Churchill and Stalin.


Adding two South African teams to become the Pro14 might not mark the end of the competition's expansion into other territories, says Scottish Rugby chief operating officer Dominic McKay.

The Cheetahs and Southern Kings will join a league that will now be split into two conferences of seven teams.
"But that might not be the end of the story," McKay told BBC Scotland.
"We may expand further if that is right for the tournament and it is right for the competition - and for the clubs."
Since 2010, the Pro12 has included four Welsh club, four from Ireland and two each from Italy and Scotland.
"Expanding is in our DNA," said McKay. "We expanded into Italy about seven years ago and expansion was something we are very keen on.
"An opportunity came up in South Africa to bring in two quality South African teams into our competition and we were keen to grasp that.
"To look at South Africa was something we just couldn't turn down."
Southern Kings finished 11th and Cheetahs 13th in this season's Super Rugby table, which also involves clubs from Australia and New Zealand.
Although they lost their places for next season as the competition is being cut from 18 teams to 15, McKay thinks their addition to the northern hemisphere competition will be good for the league, clubs, players and supporters.
"These are South African teams that have got outstanding players in their ranks, but importantly it gives our players in Scotland exposure in a new market," he said.
"It gives them a chance to play in the southern hemisphere. At the moment, the only chance they get to play in the southern hemisphere is either a World Cup or a summer tour.
"So this exposes them to a whole new environment, which I think is very exciting for the coaches and for the players.
"With more teams coming in, the challenge increases, but that's something our coaches, players and us as administrators are up for."
Although Glasgow and Edinburgh will be in separate conferences, cross-conference matches mean there will be one extra Scottish derby.
"The exciting thing is that we have Glasgow and Edinburgh playing each other three times this year," said McKay.
"We have listened to our supporters who love the derby games, so we'll expand the number of derbies this year, but it also gives them the opportunity to watch outstanding rugby from the southern hemisphere as well."
McKay also hopes an expansion, predicted to bring in an extra £6m in revenue annually, will help Scottish Rugby find external investment for their two professional clubs.
"We said last year we wanted to take into the market place the possibility of investment into Glasgow Warriors and Edinburgh Rugby and we've had a number of conversations - and a number of those conversations are ongoing just now," he added.
"We are in a good place. There is no doubt that enhancing our league and developing the competition in which Glasgow and Edinburgh play in can only assist us with that particular process.
"Expanding into new territories and growing the league and growing the opportunities for Glasgow Warriors and Edinburgh Rugby, both commercially off the field and on the filed, can only be good for those discussions."


An Indian police horse that had a leg amputated after being allegedly assaulted by a politician, has been fitted with a state-of-the-art prosthetic limb that is allowing the animal to stand again, Raju Gusain reports.

Ganesh Joshi, a legislator from the northern state of Uttarakhand, was arrested after he allegedly beat the horse, named Shaktiman, with a stick, during a protest rally in the city of Dehradun.
However Mr Joshi, who was released on bail, has denied assaulting the animal.
Rakesh Nautiyal, the veterinary officer looking after Shaktiman, told the BBC that the horse was now standing and "improving day-by-day".
"The positive approach of the animal has amazed me. Even after undergoing a major surgery Shaktiman is displaying normal behaviour. He is eating well, which is a good sign," he said.
Next in line for the horse is a special shoe called an "ice boot" being brought in from the US, which will help the animal reduce weight on the amputated limb.
"Through the ice boot we will be able to take precautionary measures to keep the hind leg safe," a senior vet told the BBC.
The horse has become the centre of attention in Dehradun, where he is lodged at police quarters.
He is attended to by a team of vets and the police force is sparing no expense for his treatment, even though Shaktiman will never be able to resume official police duties.
At the forefront of efforts to rehabilitate Shaktiman is US animal lover Jamie Vaughn, who has made it her personal mission to care for the animal.
Fondly referred to as "chachi" (aunt) by the Dehradun police officers, Ms Vaughn, who runs an NGO called Maya Foundation for animal welfare in Bhutan, has used her extensive network of contacts to fund most of Shaktiman's post-operative care.
She has facilitated the construction of a new tin shed for the horse, which has been fitted out with two water-cooled fans, a mosquito net and fluorescent lamp. Shaktiman also gets a massage every day.
His bedding is changed every second day and the bandage is changed twice a week.
"I came to Dehradun to see Shaktiman after I received a call from the doctor who operated on him," she told the BBC.
"A lot of people are concerned about the horse and are providing help. The horse is adjusting to the new prosthetic leg. But the road to recovery is still long and needs patience."


A controversial film depicting drug abuse in India's Punjab state will be released on Friday with just one cut, the Bombay High Court has ruled.

Dismissing objections by the censor board which had wanted 89 cuts, the court said the film must be certified for release in the next 48 hours.
Judges ordered one scene showing a character urinating to be removed, and a disclaimer to be changed.
The producers of the film described the ruling as a victory for democracy.
They had gone to court, saying the demands by the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) set a dangerous precedent.
The film board had said they thought the movie portrayed Punjab in a bad light. The proposed cuts included removing every mention of the word "Punjab" from the film, deleting swear words and also a number of other words such as "parliament", "legislators" and "elections".
The censors had also said that the film questioned the sovereignty of India, but the court rejected the argument.
"We have read the script in its entirety to see if the film encourages drugs. We do not find that the film questions the sovereignty or integrity of India by mentioning the names of cities, or referring to a state or by a signpost," the judge said.
The court observed that the board's job was to certify and not censor.
The film's director, Abhishek Chaubey, told reporters outside the courtroom that he had accepted the order to delete a scene showing the lead character urinating into a crowd while under the influence of drugs.
He said he would also add a disclaimer specifying that the film was not against any specific state, and did not support drug abuse or the use of swear words.
Last week the court told defence lawyers the film industry was "not made of glass" to be handled with care and added that there was no need for excessive censorship as the public was the "biggest censor".
The board has the option of appealing against the verdict in the Supreme Court.
Ahead of the ruling, censor board chief Pahlaj Nihalani had given ground, telling reporters on Sunday the film could be released with 13 cuts.
The film board has recently come in for criticism for its controversial decisions to remove scenes in several films, including some Hollywood movies, before they were allowed to be screened in cinemas.


The head of Japanese advertising group Dentsu is to step down following the suicide of an employee who had worked hundreds of hours of overtime.

Tadashi Ishii said he would tender his resignation at a January board meeting.
Matsuri Takahashi, 24, jumped to her death in December last year and in a note left for her mother, she asked: "Why do things have to be so hard?".
She had started working at Dentsu in April 2015 and was soon doing an additional 100 hours a month.
Dentsu has been under pressure to reduce the amount of overtime its employees do and in November it was raided by labour regulators.
In September, the Japanese government ruled that Ms Takahashi's death had been caused by overwork. She  would often return home at 5am after spending all day and night at the office.
On Wednesday, Mr Ishii, who has been chief executive in 2011, said: "This is something that should never have been allowed to happen."
While Dentsu is attempting to curtail overwork - by turning off lights at the headquarters at 10pm - it admitted that more than 100 workers were still doing an extra 80 hours a month.
Death linked to exhaustion in Japan is so common that there is a word, "karoshi", to describe it. According to government figures, about 2,000 people a year kill themselves because of overwork.


Venezuelan officials have set out the timetable for a recall referendum on whether President Nicolas Maduro should remain in power.

The Venezuelan opposition reacted angrily when they heard they would only be allowed to collect more petition signatures in late October.
Opposition leader Henrique Capriles said an opposition march would go ahead in September.
A referendum defeat for Mr Maduro this year would trigger a presidential poll.
But a recall vote next year would see Mr Maduro replaced by his vice-president, meaning the Socialist party would remain in power.
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The National Electoral Council (CNE) president, Tibisay Lucena, said the opposition would be authorised in late October to try to collect petition signatures from the 20% of the country's voters, or 4m people, needed to start a recall referendum, on condition that "all the regulatory requirements are fulfilled".
If the opposition was successful in gathering these signatures, the CNE would have a month to verify them.
Ms Lucena said electoral officials would then have 90 days to schedule a referendum.
Constitutional experts say this appears to make it unlikely a referendum would be held in January as demanded by the opposition.
The timing is crucial because according to the constitution, a vote to recall Mr Maduro this year would trigger a presidential election that polls indicate the opposition is likely to win.
But if the president is defeated in a vote next year, the vice-president would replace Mr Maduro and the Socialists would thus remain in power.
Election officials have already been accused of stretching out the first phase of the recall referendum where the opposition had to collect signatures from 1% of voters.
The opposition accuses the government of dragging its feet while not totally rejecting the recall referendum process.
Venezuela is suffering a severe economic crisis which the opposition blames on President Maduro.
He says the economic crisis and efforts to get rid of him are a capitalist conspiracy.
Mr Maduro has launched legal challenges against the referendum drive and has vowed there will be no referendum this year.


The trouble with trying to imitate art is that while an artist can make great things happen with a swish of a brush or a tap of a keyboard, real life hurts.

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In Creed, the most recent offering in the Rocky franchise, Tony Bellew was asked to portray a fantastical mash-up of Marvin Hagler, Mike Tyson and Floyd Mayweather, a Frankenstein's fighter who would surely be impossible to beat.
In reality, Bellew feels like Frankenstein's monster only in the sense that he's coming apart, stitch by stitch and limb by limb, as his big day approaches.
"I'm not feeling good, my body's killing me," says Bellew, who fights Ilunga Makabu for the vacant WBC cruiserweight title at Goodison Park on Sunday.
"Boxers always come out with that cliche: 'I'm in the best shape of my life.' And I am in great shape. But I've had a really hard, testing camp, I've been getting punched and I'm in a lot of pain. I'll have to make the best of what I've got. But when I get in that ring, I'll be prepared to do whatever it takes to win."
Makabu, from South Africa via the Democratic Republic of Congo, hasn't lost since his first professional fight eight years ago and has 18 knockouts from 19 wins. But the Goodison factor will surely help Bellew.
After all, Bellew has already defended a world title at the home of Everton Football Club. That was Hollywood, but Bellew's successful transition into film has given his real-life shot at the big time added tang and ensured Goodison will be rocking and rolling when that first bell rings. The Grand Old Lady often gets carried away. Bellew could do with her losing herself completely on Sunday.
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"The other day I woke up at 3am and tried to doze off again but I couldn't. All I could think about was the Z-Cars music kicking in and walking to that ring.
"I spent a lot of good times as a child in those stands and now I'm fighting in front of those stands. There's not a moment I'm not thinking about it, emerging from that tunnel, the music blaring, 20,000 Scousers going nuts. I've got to come to terms with it before Sunday. I'm getting there, I'm getting there…"
Win or lose, it's not a bad scenario for a fat kid from Liverpool who used to stuff pillows for a living, the kind of job Rocky might have done. Up at 6, a bus to the factory, nine hours graft, a bus to Rotunda ABC, pour it all out in the gym, meet his childhood sweetheart Rachael, a kebab and a video at mum's.
Even after Bellew won three ABA titles, a British title in the paid ranks was the height of his ambition. Bellew landed the Commonwealth light-heavyweight title in 2010, before adding the Lonsdale Belt by beating Ovill McKenzie in 2011.
But when Bellew lost a world title shot against Nathan Cleverly, a man he can only bring himself to refer to as "the Welsh fella", it appeared as though he had indeed reached his ceiling. When Bellew was taken apart by WBC champion Adonis Stevenson two years later, some thought he should call it quits.
Instead, Bellew made a virtue of those big bones of his - he often refers to himself, in oxymoronic terms, as "that skinny, fat kid" - and moved up to cruiserweight. He gained revenge over arch-rival Cleverly in a ragged, anti-climactic non-title fight 2014. And instead it was a phone call from the most unlikely of matchmakers that paved the way for a third world title shot.
When a representative of Sylvester Stallone told Bellew he was wanted for the latest Rocky film, Bellew thought it was a wind-up. Having just seen his beloved Toffees get tonked 6-3 by Chelsea, he wasn't really in the mood. Only when director Ryan Coogler got on the blower did Bellew think: "Hang on…"
A few months later Bellew was sitting on a film set in Philadelphia watching Stallone recite poetry, thinking: "How have I found myself here?" As you would.
"I was on the verge of saying: 'Alright, Rock?' Instead I called him 'Mr Stallone.' He said to me: 'Son, don't call me Mr Stallone, call me Sly. We're friends now, I know who you are and I think you're brilliant at what you do. I said: 'I just need to go to the toilet for a second.' I was looking at myself in the mirror thinking: 'Have a word, lad, you are making a holy show of yourself'."
Sly did actually know who Bellew was. Stallone, a friend of Everton director Robert Earl, attended a game in 2007 and subsequently expressed an interest in buying the club. And, as it turned out, Bellew wasn't only brilliant at what he did between the ropes, he was pretty good when the clapperboard came down.
"I don't know why anyone would want to put a camera on me but I've had this amazing story and it keeps going on and on. And I never want it to end," says Bellew, who now lives with girlfriend Rachael and their three children.
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"Kids I speak to tell me I'm their hero. That's nuts, I'm not really hero material. They've seen me in Creed and it's hard to make them believe boxing's not really like that. They don't see me running at 6am, the misery of losing weight, the pain of sparring, the arguments, the stress of being away from the family.
"I tell these kids: 'You're better than me, you have more potential than I do.' The only reason I've got where I have is because I'm horrible and determined. I haven't got great skill, I'm just driven. I always want more, no matter what I do. Drive can take you to some crazy places and make you do some crazy things."
Drive will make you believe that dreams are not enough. Life for Bellew could be about to get even crazier. Great things are even greater when they're real.


Michael Bond, the creator of beloved children's character Paddington Bear, has died at the age of 91, after a short illness.

Bond published his first book, A Bear Called Paddington, in 1958.
The character, a marmalade-loving bear from "deepest, darkest Peru" who comes to live in London, went on to inspire a series of books, an animated TV series and a film.
More than 35 million Paddington books have been sold worldwide. The most recent, Paddington's Finest Hour, was published in April.
Author David Walliams said he "had the great pleasure of spending time with Michael Bond. On meeting him I realised he was Paddington."
Actor Hugh Bonneville, who played Mr Brown in the film said "In Paddington, Michael created a character whose enthusiasm and optimism has given pleasure to millions across the generations."
As well as Paddington, Michael Bond also created characters including Olga da Polga, A Mouse Called Thursday and a French detective named Monsieur Pamplemousse.
A sequel to the Paddington film will be released later this year.


The Confederation of African Football insists that acting Fifa president Issa Hayatou is fit to fulfil his duties, despite long-running health problems.

The Cameroonian, who arrives in Zurich to take control of football's world governing body on Tuesday, has kidney problems that require regular dialysis.
"Since his first election as Caf President, Hayatou has always assumed, without interruption, the powers vested in him," said the Caf statement.
"It has never been a secret that in recent years, kidney-related problems has seen him undergo regular dialysis sessions.
Since his first election as Caf President, Hayatou has always assumed, without interruption, the powers vested in him
"The programming has always been done in harmony, with the agenda and multiple professional obligations honoured smoothly."
As the longest-serving vice-president of football's world governing body, Hayatou, 69, has assumed the acting president role following the 90-day suspension handed out to Sepp Blatter.
The 79-year-old was suspended by Fifa's Ethics Committee on Thursday as it investigates corruption claims against him.
On Friday, it was announced that Blatter has appealed the decision.
President of African football's ruling body since 1988, Hayatou will arrive at Fifa's headquarters early next week following official Caf business in Equatorial Guinea over the weekend.
He is 'in perfect control of his physical potential and rightly strong', says Caf.
The statement went on to list the presence of Hayatou at various official functions to emphasise their point - mentioning ten countries he has visited this year.
The long-standing Caf president has already stood in for Blatter this year, handing over the Women's World Cup trophy in Canada to the winning United States side in July.
It was the first time Blatter had failed to present the trophy since he became Fifa president, with his lawyer explaining his absence on 'personal reasons'.
The move came amidst the heightening crisis that has gripped Fifa since May, when the United States indicted 14 officials on charges of bribery, racketeering and money-laundering, involving tens of millions of dollars since 1991.


We should be both grateful and worried that British productivity has been so lousy since the great crash and recession.

The point is that a big contributor to the absence of any growth at all in output per worker and output per hour is that employment has grown much faster than national income: unemployment rose proportionately less in the downturn than in previous recessions and new jobs have been created faster than the growth in output.
But if that's the good news, there is also a very troubling corollary.
Lower productivity undermines the competitiveness of British firms in the global economy.
And the absence of productivity growth undermines the ability of British firms to increase our pay.
Here is perhaps the best way of seeing how serious the slump in productivity has been.
On the basis of the figures published on Wednesday, if the productivity trends of 1992 to 2007 had continued from 2008 to the end of last year, output per job would be 15% higher than it is, and output her hour would be 17% higher.
Which means, all other things being equal, each of us would be paid 15% more in total, and 17% more for each standard shift we put in.
In reality, since the start of the recession, and after adjusting for taxes, benefits, interest costs and inflation, we're on average about 2% better off (and see what I wrote yesterday about what's been happening to our living standards since the 2010 general election.
Just think and weep over how much richer we all would have been if our productivity had not been so hopeless.
Which is why it matters that in the last three months of 2014 there was no recovery in productivity. In fact output per hour fell by 0.2% - because the number of hours worked rose 0.8% while gross value added, or the output of the economy, increased by just 0.6%.
And there was a particularly sharp fall of 1.3% in the output per hour of those working in manufacturing, which wiped out a small 0.2% improvement in the productivity of the much larger services sector.
Why has productivity been so limp?
There are plenty of competing explanations, which include:
1. Productivity growth before the crash was exaggerated by the spurious productivity of banks and City firms that were taking crazy economy-imperilling risks;
2. Since the crash, too many lame duck firms have been kept afloat, under pressure from politicians, preventing the necessary re-allocation of capital from low-productivity firms to better ones;
3. As a nation we're lousy at innovation and we don't have enough highly skilled people (compared with Germany, for example);
4. The City is too short-termist and is hopeless at investing in winners;
5. Companies lack the confidence to invest adequately in expensive new kit, and would rather incur the costs of taking on cheap people to boost output, confident they can fire these people if all goes pear-shaped.
Getting to the root of the problem matters. Because unless we can improve productivity, we won't be able to afford the living standards we feel we deserve.
And sorting productivity also massively matters to Labour and Tories. Without a recovery in productivity and an associated boost to earnings, tax revenues would remain under pressure, making it all the harder to get the Government's huge deficit down to a more affordable level.


"Further work is needed" before the Welsh Government is happy to underwrite plans for the £371m Circuit of Wales.

Economy Secretary Ken Skates told AMs that at a time of "significant economic uncertainty" due to Brexit, it could not back the plans for the race track in Ebbw Vale in their current form.
Mr Skates said the risk to the taxpayer in the current form was "unacceptable".
In a statement, developers said they were "confident" a balance of risk sharing could be delivered.
Mr Skates wants to see 50% of the finance and 50% of the underwriting to come from the private sector.
"The cabinet secretary has requested we deliver the guarantee to below 50% of the total project costs and we are confident we can do so over the course of the project," said Circuit of Wales chief executive Martin Whitaker.
Mr Skates said, including guarantees and council loans, the latest proposal involved Welsh Government underwriting about 75% of the total cost of the project, with councils underwriting a further 8%.
"Unfortunately, despite the efforts of the project backers, this leaves only around 17% of the risk being taken by the private sector," he said.
"My door remains firmly open and I have urged them to revise their bid in such a way where the private sector takes more of the risk in order for this project to be taken forward.
"We need to see at least 50% of this project funded and 50% of the risk underwritten by the private sector to justify value for money for Welsh Government and the public purse."
Mr Skates met the company shortly before his announcement to AMs.
Conservative economy spokesman Russell George said the decision was "disappointing" and "regrettable".
Plaid Cymru's finance and economy spokesman Adam Price asked why negotiations were taking place "with the clock ticking" when the proposal had been on the minister's desk for many weeks.
"Isn't it true that his own government's due diligence shows there is an almost negligible scenario where the guarantee will be called in?
"Because it's a strong project, it's a strong business case, in which case all this is academic and he should get on with the job and actually support this proposal in an area of Wales which is crying out for jobs and leadership."
Earlier, the developers said Blaenau Gwent and Monmouthshire councils were "fully on board" with the plan which would have seen them provide loans of £90m.
On Monday, Monmouthshire council leader Peter Fox said there was no guarantee the local authorities would agree to that.
CoW chief executive Martin Whitaker said: "We have a fantastic working relationship with the councils.
"Blaenau Gwent stands to benefit significantly, as does Monmouthshire. They've been very supportive."
If the Welsh Government had agreed to underwrite the project, it would not have been liable for the money until after it was completed.
In return, it would have been paid £3.8m a year for 33 years.
In April, Mr Skates's predecessor Edwina Hart rejected a previous plan which involved the taxpayer underwriting the entire cost.
She said there was a "significant question around the viability of the project" and an "unacceptable risk" to the government.
But she said a guarantee of 80% of the total value of the project "may have reduced our risk to an acceptable level".
On Monday, Mr Whitaker told BBC Radio Wales he was confident the Welsh Government would support the new proposal.
"We're ready to go and we're certain the government will give us that confidence and certainty," he said.


A man has appeared in court charged with making threats to kill Belfast man Edward Gibson, who was murdered in the west of the city at the weekend.

Media playback is unsupported on your device
28 October 2014 Last updated at 16:16 GMT
Paul Edward Burns, of no fixed address, is also accused of disorderly behaviour during an incident at the Royal Victoria Hospital.
Mr Gibson, 28, was shot in his stomach and thigh in an alleyway beside Divis Tower on Friday and later died in hospital.
BBC Newsline's Mervyn Jess reports.


Five things you need to know about Friday's spacewalk:

1. It has to be carried out in darkness
The two astronauts are fixing an electrical box that regulates voltage from one of the station's solar arrays. It needs to be fixed to get the space station running back on full power.
The repair involves manoeuvring a spare box weighing 90kg (200lbs) out along the truss that spans out from the compartments where the astronauts live and work.
For safety reasons, it has to be done during darkness when the solar panels are not generating power from the Sun.
Royce Renfrew, ISS spacewalk flight director, explains: "We do it during the night pass - that way we're absolutely guaranteed that there's no power flowing through there, because there's no Sun to generate any electricity."
This gives the two Tims 31 minutes to complete the repairs. If they don't finish in one go, they must wait for darkness in the second or third orbit of the Earth to finish the re-fit.
The key task of the spacewalk is to fix the box. But there should be time for other tasks, including laying cables for new docking ports and reinstalling a valve that was removed last year.
2. Tim and Tim may need a toothbrush
The astronauts will work together to replace the faulty component. One crucial step is bolting the new box into position. Past experience has shown that the threads of bolt can get blocked with debris - which can be removed with a toothbrush.
3. Like all spacewalks, it will be a risky business
Working in the harsh environment of space is hazardous. Both astronauts have prepared for spacewalks in astronaut training but things can go wrong. If all goes to plan, Tim Peake will lay cables on the outside of the space station after fixing the faulty box. Tripping over a cable is one risk as is being hit by a small meteorite or getting a hole in your spacesuit. Spacesuits provide protection for the astronauts but their bulk can make it hard to carry out delicate tasks.
As Paul Dum, Nasa's lead spacewalk officer, puts it: "Spacewalking is challenging - you have to wear a spacesuit which is sort of your own independent space ship to protect you from the harshness of the environment.
"So there's a trade off between having as much protection as possible but still maintaining mobility.
"So imagine going out with thick winter gloves on and trying to do anything that takes fine dexterity. That's going to be challenging."
Like rock climbers, the astronauts must always be tethered to space station supports to prevent them floating away.
4. Spacewalks are far from routine but not that rare either
There have been 191 spacewalks for maintenance at the space station, including a similar walk completed in 2014 by US astronaut Reid Wiseman.
The Nasa astronaut will help guide the current spacewalk from mission control in Houston.
The spacewalk will be the first for Tim Peake and the third for his Nasa colleague, Tim Kopra.
5. There's little time to enjoy the view
Tim Peake, writing on his blog, said he felt "exhilarated" by the prospect of walking in space, but had no time to dwell on these emotions.
British-born US astronaut Nicholas Patrick, a spacewalk veteran, said he should find time to enjoy the "majesty of the view" during his trip outside.
Dr Patrick told the BBC Radio 4 Today programme: "When you float out, it is a remarkable feeling.
"You are used to floating - by this point Tim has been in space for a month, he will know exactly what floating is like - what he won't be used to is being outside the space station with a fabulous view and, perhaps more importantly, with a very difficult set of time-critical tasks ahead of him.
"My bet is that, like me, when he goes out he won't be looking down initially, he will be looking left and right, finding his way around and getting ready for the tasks ahead.
"But it's a great thing to go out, it's really a wonderful experience."
Follow Helen on Twitter
Tim Peake in space: Want to know more?
Special report page: For the latest news, analysis and video
Guide: A day in the life of an astronaut
Explainer:  The journey into space and back
Social media: Twitter looks ahead to lift-off


The Mumbai high court verdict clearing Bollywood actor Salman Khan in the 2002 hit-and-run incident has come as a huge boost for the actor.

Khan, who was handed a five-year jail term in May for running over five homeless men in Mumbai, killing one of them, is one of India's biggest and most popular film stars.
The 49-year-old actor, who has acted in more than 80 Hindi-language films, is known for his romantic roles as well as action films and has won several prestigious Indian cinema awards.
Khan is that rare Bollywood star who has a huge fan following across the vast spectrum of Indian society.
His fans include the middle-class English-speaking audiences as well as poor slum dwellers for whom the 350-rupee ($5.20; Â£3.40) tickets do not come cheap.
His films are released to coincide with major festivals like Eid or Christmas, and are screened in thousands of theatres, which are generally packed for days.
Every time Khan romances his heroines on screen, his fans respond with approval; loud whistles fill the theatre when he shows his dance moves; and resounding claps encourage him whenever he beats up the "baddies".
But his fame has brought with it a long-held image of a larger-than-life macho superstar who lives dangerously.
While the hit-and-run incident has dragged on for nearly 13 years, Khan's fan base has remained loyal - in fact, it has kept growing steadily and the hits have kept coming.
Several of his latest films - Prem Ratan Dhan Payo, Bajrangi Bhaijaan, Dabangg, Ready, Bodyguard, Ek Tha Tiger and Dabangg2 - have been huge blockbusters.
The eldest of the three sons of well-known screenplay writer Salim Khan, he is a hit on social media too - his Facebook page is liked by 28.2 million fans while on Twitter, he has 15.1 million followers.
But there is another side to Khan.
Stories about his brawls at parties have long filled the Bollywood gossip columns, and his link-ups with some of his leading ladies have also proved controversial.
In one notorious incident, an angry Khan was reported to have emptied a bottle of cola over the head of an ex-girlfriend in a restaurant.
Another relationship, with actress and former Miss World Aishwarya Rai, ended acrimoniously with Ms Rai later making allegations that she was beaten up by Khan - a charge he has denied.
And the 2002 hit-and-run incident in Mumbai was not his first brush with the law.
Khan was arrested in the western state of Rajasthan for illegally hunting and killing a protected blackbuck deer in 1998.
He was convicted and sentenced to five years in prison in 2006, but spent less than a week inside before being released on bail. His appeal is pending in court.
In the past few years, the actor has worked hard to shed his "bad boy" image - with some success.
His devotion to his family, particularly his brothers, is well known and he is reputed to go out of his way to help friends and even strangers.
A few years ago, he started Being Human, a charity to help the underprivileged through education and healthcare. The charity sells T-shirts and other products online and in stores, and the proceeds are used for charitable work.
His relationships with women also seem to have matured.  Although he parted ways with actress Katrina Kaif some time ago, they remain good friends and the couple acted together in Ek Tha Tiger.
When the trial court convicted him in May, many said the misdeeds of his past might have finally caught up with him.
With the high court overturning his conviction, the pressure on the actor has eased for the moment.
But with the prosecution likely to appeal in the Supreme Court, Khan's troubles may not yet be over.


Campaigners hoping to erect a memorial in the Flanders region of Belgium to all the Welsh soldiers who fought during World War I say they need to raise another £60,000 by September.

The Welsh Memorial in Flanders Campaign is planning to build a cromlech, or flagstone monument.
The aim is for it to be ready in time to mark the centenary of the war's outbreak in 2014.
Local people have already donated land for the memorial to be built on.
Peter Jones, the co-ordinator of the campaign in Wales, said the aim was to create a memorial honouring the sacrifices made by the many thousands of people of Welsh descent who took served in the war.
"All other nations in 2014 will be having pilgrimages to their various monuments where there will be services and commemorations and we the Welsh have nowhere to go, so this needs to be rectified," he said.
Mr Jones said that while the appeal had already raised around £11,000 and the stones for the cromlech have been donated, more was needed to secure the memorial.
"We need another £60,000 to pay for the transport of the stones to Flanders to build the monument, for engineers to work on the site and eventually to commission a large metal dragon that will sit abreast of the cromlech."
The campaign has strong support from people in Flanders who have already donated a piece of land for the memorial to be built on.
Erwin Ureel, the chairman of the Flemish branch for the appeal, said it was important to create a Welsh national memorial as a mark of respect to all those involved in the conflict.
"Whole villages gave their sons, their brothers, their fathers to defend our nation (Belgium), so I think it is very important, even if it was 100 years ago."
Plans for a memorial have a particular resonance for Paul Silk, the chair of the Silk Commission on devolution in Wales.
His father Evan Silk fought for the Welsh Regiment during World War I, rising to the rank of captain. During the conflict he was responsible for writing home to the families of fallen men.
Reading some of the many letters his father kept during the war, Mr Silk, from Crickhowell, Powys, described one from a WR James as particularly poignant. The letter reads:
'Dear Sir, I'm sorry to trouble you in this time of stress and strenuous fighting, but could you possibly let me know of anything of Lieutenant E James of your glorious regiment? I've not heard from him for several months.'
Mr Silk said the letter was dated 24 October but his father had written a note on it saying 'killed in action July 27th'.
The memorial would be an important focal point, he said.
"Having a memorial where Welsh people can carry on going to remember will be an important focus for us and for future generations to go on remembering them."
Like many who served and survived the war, Captain Silk was reluctant to talk about his experiences even to his family.
"I have a clear memory of when I was quite small, at the time we had things called war mags where we read about the great exploits of British soldiers in World War II. I was proud of my father having been a soldier and I asked him how many men did he kill," said Mr Silk.
"I can still remember him looking rather sadly away from me and never answering that question."
Looking back, Mr Silk said: "It was clearly such a terrible experience and he took no pride whatsoever in killing others."
It is not known how many men and women of Welsh descent who fought or served in makeshift hospitals, nor the true numbers of those who lost their lives.
"The Welsh Memorial in Flanders Campaign will mark all of them," said Peter Jones. "We have almost eight months now to secure the funding we need to erect the cromlech," he said.
When the first part of the monument is completed work will then begin by locals in Flanders to create a garden of remembrance on the site, before the final piece of the jigsaw, a large metal red dragon, is placed on top of the cromlech.
The appeal is now planning a number of events this year to help raise funds including a concert in June in Morriston near Swansea where the North Wales and Morriston rugby choirs will perform.


Ancient, tightly packed clumps of stars found at the fringe of the Milky Way are a good bet in the search for extra terrestrial intelligence (Seti), research suggests.

Because of their abundance of stars, these "globular clusters" were an early favourite in the Seti field.
But recent efforts to scour the sky for planets orbiting alien stars have had little success within star clusters.
Now, two astronomers say there is good reason to keep up the search.
Rosanne Di Stefano from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, US, and Alak Ray from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in India, have described what they call the "globular cluster opportunity".
At an average age of 10 billion years (much wrinklier than the Sun, at four billion), globular clusters don't have many young stars, rich in the metallic elements needed to build planets.
But Dr Di Stefano, speaking in Florida at the 227th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, pointed out that recent discoveries had placed exoplanets - especially small, rocky ones like Earth - around stars much less metal-rich than our Sun.
"When Seti first started in 50s and 60s, we didn't even know if there were exoplanets," she told reporters at the meeting.
"Now we can use the information that we've gleaned from other planet discoveries - and there are over 2,000 planets known today - to ask, is it likely that they'd be in globular clusters."
Dr Di Stefano also pointed to the remarkable example of PSR B1620-26 b, sometimes called "Methuselah". It is the only exoplanet so far detected orbiting a star - or in its case, two stars - within a globular cluster.
"I think most of us would say that the discovery of that one, bizarre planet indicates that there must be other planets in that cluster," she said.
Furthermore, Drs Di Stefano and Ray have identified a "sweet spot" in the dimensions of globular clusters.
Because most of their stars are old, cool red dwarfs, any habitable planets would have to huddle in very close orbits to sustain liquid water.
Staying wet, however, isn't the only challenge for a life-bearing planet in a crowded cluster. A ball of a million stars just 100 light years across is a raging turmoil of gravitational forces that can rip solar systems apart.
But there is a region within these clusters, Dr Di Stefano said, where the stars are not so tightly packed that huddled, small, rocky planets would be stripped from their stars - and yet they are still close enough together that an alien civilisation might manage the leap from one to another.
"In this large region... planetary systems can survive, and yet it's dense enough that it may facilitate interstellar travel."
In fact, she added, these planets - if they do exist - could last even longer than the current age of the Universe, leaving ample time for intelligence and interstellar ambition to flourish.
Other researchers at the conference agreed that these were interesting observations, even if the notion of ancient, star-hopping civilisations was - of course - a provocative speculation.
"It holds together," said Jessie Christiansen from the Nasa Exoplanet Science Institute at Caltech. "It's very speculative, but I like the idea that because globular clusters are old, they've had more time."
"Single-celled, simple life might develop quickly, but complex life - let alone intelligent life - seems to take a really long time," she added, citing Earth's natural history as an admittedly limited example.
"So you might need those tens of billions of years."
Alan Penny, an astronomer at the University of St Andrews in Scotland and co-ordinator of the UK Seti Research Network, told the BBC: "I think it does lift globular clusters up, in the wish list of targets to search."
But they remain very difficult targets, he added.
"They are still a very long way away. The nearest globular cluster is 400,000 light years away, whereas there are plenty of other, low-mass stars closer than that."
Follow Jonathan on Twitter


A man has been arrested on suspicion of murder after a body was found in a stream in woodland in Surrey.

Police found the body of a man in water in a wooded area near the Goodwyns housing estate in Dorking at about 04:20 BST.
Searches are under way and officers are still working to identify the man who died, Det Ch Insp Paul Rymarz said.
A 21-year-old man is in custody. Anyone with information is urged to contact Surrey Police.


A third of babies born in 2012 in the UK are expected to live to 100, according to a new report.

The Office for National Statistics experts base their projections on current and future survival trends.
And if their calculations are borne out, more than 95,000 of those who turn 65 this year can expect to celebrate their 100th birthday in 2047.
The number of centenarians has been steadily increasing - from 600 in 1961 to nearly 13,000 in 2010.
In 2012, the figure is expected to hit 14,500, and by 2035 will have breached the 100,000 mark.
And more of these will be women than men.
In 2012 there are 826,000 babies aged under one year. Although more are boys - 423,000 compared to 403,000 girls - the survival odds are greater for females. Women have higher life expectancies than men at every age.
Of those born in 2012, 135,000 men and 156,000 women are expected to still be alive by age 100.
The report -What are the Chances of Surviving to Age 100?- comes as ministers have pledged to double funding for dementia research in the UK.
In the next decade, the number with the disease - mostly elderly - is expected to top one million.


Brazil's suspended President, Dilma Rousseff, has criticised the new interim government created by her former Vice-President, Michel Temer, for being entirely made up of white male politicians.

It is the first cabinet with no women in Brazil since 1979.
Ms Rousseff said it did not represent the country - one of the world's most ethnically diverse nations.
Her government had seven women among its 31 ministers.
Ms Rousseff is facing trial after the Senate on Thursday voted to impeach and suspend her.
She is accused of illegally manipulating finances to hide a growing public deficit ahead of her re-election in 2014, which she denies.
The new government's chief-of-staff said they had been unable to find any women for the cabinet.
Eliseu Padilha said the cabinet had been formed on a tight schedule.
"We tried to seek women but for reasons that we don't need to bring up here, we discussed it and it was not possible," he said.
"We will bring women into the government, in posts that used to be ministries, and that now will have the same functions but under a different name."
The new government will be in stark contrast to the administration of Ms Rousseff who had called herself in Portuguese "presidenta" instead of the gender neutral "presidente", and who had spoken of citizens as being "Brazilian women and men."
During the impeachment process she had frequently explained the criticism of herself and the government as being related to her being a woman.
"Black people and women are fundamental if you truly want to construct an inclusive country," Ms Rousseff said on Friday to journalists at the presidential palace, where she will continue to live during her impeachment trial.
"I think the government is clearly showing that it is going to be neo-liberal in the economy and extremely conservative on the social and cultural side."
In his first speech to the nation after the Senate voted to impeach Ms Rousseff, interim President Michel Temer stressed that "economic vitality" was his key task.
He added: "It is essential to rebuild the credibility of the country at home and abroad to attract new investments and get the economy growing again."
He said Brazil was still a poor nation and that he would protect and expand social programmes.
He named a business-friendly cabinet that includes respected former central bank chief Henrique Meirelles as finance minster.
Males identifying as white made up 22% of Brazil's population in 2013 according to the government's economic research institute, IPEA.
Women made up 51% of the population in the same year.
Ms Rousseff  told journalists on Friday her opponents had "turned her life inside out" trying to find grounds to impeach her.
She again denied the allegations against her and said she had committed no crime.
She said she would continue to speak out against impeachment proceedings she has denounced as a "farce" and "sabotage".
She now has 20 days to present her first defence before the Senate and the trial can last up to six months.
Michel Temer became interim president as soon as Ms Rousseff was suspended.
Read more on Michel Temer here
The 180 days allocated for the trial to take place expire on 8 November.


Prince Harry's statement condemning the press treatment of girlfriend Meghan Markle has drawn high praise from the founder of the Everyday Sexism Project.

Laura Bates, who catalogues women's experiences of gender inequality, said it was "a really important moment".
The Prince "pointing out the inequality being faced by somebody in a position that he would never be in" was "a major positive", the feminist writer went on.
Issued in November, the statement said the US actress had faced "harassment".
"Prince Harry is worried about Ms Markle's safety and is deeply disappointed that he has not been able to protect her," the statement continued.
In general, Ms Bates said, media representation of women had "a very long way to go".
She claimed press coverage of Prime Minister Theresa May had a "sexist slant" and that Hillary Clinton faced criticism during the US presidential campaign that would not have been directed at a man.
"We saw an unwarranted focus on her clothes, on her make-up, on her hairstyle," Ms Bates said of the unsuccessful Democratic candidate.
"But we also... saw certain criticisms being made of her that wouldn't necessarily been made of a male opponent.
"I would definitely see a sexist slant of coverage of Theresa May ever since she became prime minister," Ms Bates went on.
"This is very much something that's impacting on all female politicians and I think we have to think about what the knock-on impact of it is.
"I certainly don't think that we're seeing massive strides of improvement. There is a huge amount that can be improved on."
The author and journalist started the Everyday Sexism Project in 2012. Her most recent book, Girl Up, was published earlier this year.
Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


A book written by the late editor of French satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo, Stephane Charbonnier - known as Charb - is set to be published posthumously.

The book, which upholds the right to ridicule religion, was finished two days before Charb was killed by Islamic militants in January, publishers say.
It argues that the fight against racism is being replaced by a misguided struggle against "Islamophobia".
Charb and 11 others were killed during a Charlie Hebdo editorial meeting.
The attack on the Paris offices of the newspaper was carried out by two brothers, Said and Cherif Kouachi, who were later shot dead by police.
Charb had received numerous death threats following Charlie Hebdo's publication of cartoons featuring the Prophet Muhammad in 2006. The magazine's offices were firebombed in 2012.
Charb's book - which goes on sale on Thursday - is entitled An Open Letter to the Fraudsters of Islamophobia who Play into Racists' Hands.
It is both a defence of Charlie Hebdo's editorial stance and an attack on the paper's detractors.
"The suggestion that you can laugh at everything, except certain aspects of Islam, because Muslims are much more prickly that the rest of the population - what is that, if not discrimination?"
He condemns this position as "white, left-wing bourgeois intellectual paternalism".
Charlie Hebdo, which was launched in 1969, poked fun at conservatives and all religions. It had a small circulation and folded in 1981, but was resurrected in 1992.


The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have spent the first night with their new baby daughter at Kensington Palace.

The name of their second child - sister to Prince George - could be announced later and members of the Royal Family and the duchess's parents may visit.
The princess, who is fourth in line to the throne, was delivered at 08:34 BST on Saturday at St Mary's Hospital in London, and weighed 8lbs 3oz (3.7kg).
Tower Bridge was among several London landmarks lit up in pink in her honour.
For full coverage see our royal baby special report here.
Trafalgar Square's fountains and the London Eye were also illuminated on Saturday night to mark the birth.
The Cambridges will spend the next few days at Kensington Palace; afterwards they are expected to travel to their country home Anmer Hall on the Queen's Sandringham estate in Norfolk.
Bookmakers have said Charlotte and Alice have emerged as the favourite names for the princess, followed by Olivia, Victoria and Elizabeth.
A spokeswoman for Ladbrokes said: "We've never known a day of royal speculation like it. Charlotte is the new favourite, but Olivia is the name on the nation's lips."
Meanwhile, almost all of the UK's national newspapers have given over the entire front pages of their Sunday editions to the birth and a photograph of the new princess.
Charlotte, the feminine form of Charles, has a long royal pedigree and became popular in the 18th century when it was the name of George III's queen.
The King bought Buckingham House in 1761 for his wife Queen Charlotte to use as a family home close to St James's Palace - it became known as the Queen's House and is now Buckingham Palace.
Charles is the name of two former Kings and of the Prince of Wales, the princess's grandfather.
Charlotte also has a connection on the duchess's side, as the middle name of her sister Pippa Middleton.
Alice, the previous bookmaker's favourite, was the name of the Duke of Edinburgh's mother, Princess Alice of Battenberg and of his great-grandmother, who was the third child of Queen Victoria.
During the First World War, his mother's family changed Battenberg, the family name, to Mountbatten - the name which Prince Philip adopted when he became a naturalised British subject in 1947.
Other royal Alices include the Queen's aunt by marriage, Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester and one of Queen Victoria's granddaughters, Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone.
Also in the running, according to the bookmakers, are the names Olivia, Victoria and Elizabeth.
While Olivia has no immediately apparent royal connections, it was the second most popular girls' name for babies born in England and Wales in 2013, according to the Office for National Statistics.
Victoria and Elizabeth are arguably the most famous female names in British royal history - with Queen Victoria the longest reigning monarch, and the present Queen Elizabeth II set to surpass her record on September 9, 2015.
The Queen Mother was also called Elizabeth, and it is the middle name of the duchess's mother, Carole Middleton.
Queen Victoria is associated with Britain's great age of industrial expansion, economic progress and, particularly, empire. While the 45-year reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England, the daughter of Henry VIII and the last Tudor monarch, is considered one of the most glorious in English history, including the defeat of the Spanish Armada and the first works of Shakespeare.
The duchess was admitted to the private Lindo Wing at St Mary's Hospital in Paddington, west London, at 06:00 BST on Saturday.
The birth was announced by Clarence House on Twitter at about 11:00 BST, but also with the traditional bulletin on a gilded easel outside Buckingham Palace - a practice that dates to 1837. The easel will remain outside the palace until early afternoon.
With their new daughter wrapped in a white shawl, the duke and duchess emerged from the hospital to crowds of well-wishers and the world's media, a little less than 10 hours after the birth.
They stood on the steps of the Lindo Wing briefly before heading back inside to put the sleeping princess in a car seat. Prince William, who had been present for the birth, then drove them to Kensington Palace.
The couple did not speak to the media as they had done at the time of Prince George's birth in July 2013.
But when Prince William left the hospital shortly before 16:00 BST, to fetch his son for a visit to his new sister, he told those outside he was "very happy".
In a statement issued after the birth, Kensington Palace said: "Their Royal Highnesses would like to thank all staff at the hospital for the care and treatment they have all received.
"They would also like to thank everyone for their warm wishes."
The duke's father the Prince of Wales, who had said he wanted his second grandchild to be a girl, and Duchess of Cornwall were left "absolutely delighted" by the news, Clarence House has said.
William's uncle Earl Spencer said: "It's wonderful news - we are all thrilled for all four of them."
Messages of congratulations also came from the Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby and political leaders including Prime Minister David Cameron, who called it "wonderful news".
US president Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle wished the duke and duchess "much joy and happiness on the occasion of the arrival of the newest member of their family".
On Monday, the princess's birth will be marked by gun salutes in Hyde Park and the Tower of London.
Soldiers from The King's Troop Royal Horse Artillery will ride out in procession from Wellington Barracks, near Buckingham Palace to sound 41 shots in the park at 14:00 BST. A 62-gun Salute by the Honourable Artillery Company will take place at the Tower of London at the same time.
The princess's first public appearance, with her parents, leaving hospital, will be the exception not the rule.
Prince William and his wife will shield the fourth in line to the throne in the same way they have her brother, Prince George.
Her lack of exposure in her early years will not limit or diminish the global fascination this baby will attract.  It's a fascination which began while she was still in the womb.
Soon we'll know her name. The absence of knowledge hasn't stopped the speculation.  Elizabeth, Victoria, Alice and Charlotte have all attracted bets at the bookies.
And will Kate and William honour his mother and choose Diana for one of their daughter's names?
Read more from Peter


When Rafael Benitez introduced new signing Philippe Coutinho to the Italian media in the summer of 2010, he declared the Brazilian "the future of Inter Milan".

Sadly, the playmaker has failed to develop his reputation since then.
The 20-year-old remains a player for the future, rather than a star of the present, and Liverpool have taken a calculated gamble by agreeing an £8.5m deal for him.
Marco Branca, who conducts all transfers for Inter Milan, told BBC Sport: "Coutinho is a very, very good player. He is still only 20 and has a big talent."
Yet the fact remains that Inter's sporting director was willing to sell a player who was peripheral at best at Inter, having failed to cement a starting place or even establish his best position.
Branca now hopes to use the money received from Liverpool to sign another Brazilian, the Corinthians midfielder Paulinho.
Andrea Ramazzotti, who covers Inter for Italian newspaper Corriere dello Sport and has watched all Coutinho's 28 games for the club, told BBC Sport: "He just didn't show his potential in Milan.
"Coutinho played very well when he was on loan at Espanyol last season and started well for Inter this season, but they were only brief spells really.
"For the rest of the time, he just showed flashes of his potential and I fear the way of playing in England, which can be very physical, will not suit him because he has a slight frame."
That this is a player of rare talent, though, seems beyond question. The diminutive Brazilian is an excellent dribbler, combining close control with pace and trickery.
He also has finishing ability and can take a mean free-kick.
Coutinho joined Inter from Vasco da Gama for 4m euros (£3.4m) in 2008, when he was 16 and one of the most coveted young players in world football. The Serie A side immediately loaned him back to Vasco, because foreigners are prohibited from playing professional football in Italy until they are 18.
He returned in the summer of 2010 and quickly established himself as a favourite of new manager Benitez, featuring in 14 league and Champions League games before Christmas, most often as a wide attacker in a 4-2-3-1 formation.
Unfortunately for the player, Benitez was sacked in December and his successor, Leonardo, was not anywhere near as big a fan of the young Brazilian. He played only four more games that season, although he did finish on a high by winning the Fifa under-20 World Cup with Brazil in the summer.
New manager Claudio Ranieri sent Coutinho on loan to struggling Spanish side Espanyol for the second half of the following season. He impressed, scoring five goals in 16 appearances.
This was when Liverpool first showed an interest in the player. Benitez had told their director of football, Damian Comolli, that Coutinho was the best young player at Inter and capable of being a big success in the Premier League.
Inter had yet another new manager, Andrea Stramaccioni, by this time, though, their sixth during Coutinho's time at the club, and he wanted to keep the player, so Inter rebuffed Liverpool's offer.
Stramaccioni's faith looked like being repaid as Coutinho was player of the tournament in the pre-season Trofeo TIM tournament, when Inter beat AC Milan and Juventus in an impressive start to the season.
Everything looked promising until the player suffered a stress fracture of the tibia at the end of October. Fredy Guarin took his place and has remained in the side ever since.
This all made Liverpool's offer too good to refuse, as Branca decided to cash in on Coutinho's largely unfulfilled promise.
It will be fascinating to see whether the player can now finally reach his potential with Liverpool, or simply remain a great hope.


An unsigned singer from Devon has been given her big break in the new Harry Potter spin-off, Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them.

Emmi, who has no management or record deal, was hand-picked to sing the film's only song, called Blind Pig.
She recorded the vocal in her childhood bedroom after being contacted out of the blue by director David Yates.
However, she was kept in the dark about his identity, and the song's destiny, for almost a year.
"It feels too good to be true," says the singer, who will see her song on the big screen for the first time at the film's premiere in London on Tuesday night.
"I feel like it's a bit of a joke. I don't feel like it's real."
The 29-year-old was born in Devon but raised in Perth, Australia. She now lives in London, where she has been making music full-time for seven years.
A former child actress, who had a small role in Home and Away, she has spent much of that time writing for other artists, but decided to make music under her own name in 2013.
Her second single, Sleep On It, attracted the attention of Taylor Swift, who tweeted it as part of her playlist: "New Songs That Will Make Your Life More Awesome".
Although that raised her profile, she decided not to capitalise on the hype.
"I had a couple of deals on the table but I felt I wanted to do things in a more independent, organic way," she says.
"I wanted to make some mistakes on my own, and create something that was wholly me before I got a whole team on board."
When Yates got in touch in summer last year, she was back at her parents' house for a holiday.
"I have two weeks with my family ever year and I got this email from someone I didn't know saying, 'Do you mind singing this? Here are some lyrics, give it a try,'" she recalls.
"I was like, 'Well, this is a difficult time for me. I'm on holiday with my parents and we're about to eat pizza, can we put this off?'
"And they were like, 'Probably not. You should probably give this a go.'"
When the singer looked at the lyrics, she found references to magical creatures like the Hippogriff and Billywig.
"I started thinking, 'This sounds like something from Harry Potter,' so I Googled the words and confirmed that for myself.
"I thought, 'This might be nothing, but it might be something??? And on the off-chance it is the something I think it might be, I'm going to do this.'"
Having completed a rough vocal in her bedroom, Emmi started receiving requests for more and more versions of the song: "Can you get more whispery? Can you do it more sexy? Can you do it more innocently?
"At the time I didn't know it was David Yates directing me. If I had, I might have been a little more nervous in my bedroom," she laughs.
However, having finally completed the song, everything went quiet.
"It wasn't until April of this year that I got a call saying, 'We'll be using your voice in a film, is that cool?'" she says.
The singer soon found herself on a movie set covered in green lycra, having her performance motion-captured so she could appear in the final film as a computer-animated character.
Even at this stage, she was not told that her song - a smoky jazz number - had been written by JK Rowling herself (along with film composer Mario Grigorov). That information only came to light when the film's IMDB page was updated a few weeks ago.
"I'm not sure if it's her first song or not," says Emmi, "but it's amazing to come so close to embodying something that came from her brain. Does that make me smarter by osmosis?"
The singer will see her performance for the first time at the London premiere of Fantastic Beasts on Tuesday evening, where she also hopes to meet Rowling.
"I'll probably say something nonsensical and embarrassing because I'm so nervous," she says.
"But what I'd like to say is, 'Thank you for a childhood of escapism'. I have so much respect for an imagination like that."
Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram at bbcnewsents, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.


It is as if a child has been doodling with large coloured crayons.

What you see are actually the great gouge marks left on the seafloor when the keel of a giant block of ice has dragged through the sediments.
The arcs and loops record the movement of the berg as it turns about, caught in the wind, currents and tides.
This "ice art" is from a stunning new collection of images that detail how glacial action has shaped the ocean floor in Earth's polar regions.
The atlas is the work of more than 250 scientists from 20 countries and represents our most comprehensive view yet of what the seabed looks like at high latitudes.
"We now have a critical mass of high-resolution imagery, of the imprints left by the action of ice," explained Dr Kelly Hogan, one the collection's editors from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS).
"We can see where the ice has been and what it's done, and this allows us to compare and contrast. Looking at what has happened in the past can help us understand what may happen in the future with modern ice sheets as they respond to climate change."
Dr Hogan is presenting the Atlas of Submarine Glacial Landforms here in Vienna at the European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly.
.The book, published as a "memoir" of the Geological Society of London, has taken four years to put together.
It contains mostly images produced from ship echosounders, which pulse the ocean bed and then build depth maps from the resulting return signal (the "false colours" will usual denote different depths).
A first version of the book came out in 1997, but comprised really only low-resolution data.
The new tome, on the other hand, benefits from 20 years of multibeam swath technology, which is capable of creating spectacular perspectives of the ocean floor, often at sub-metre resolution.
All ships now entering polar waters will routinely map the bed in this way.
"Today's icebreakers and ice-strengthened vessels all carry these high-res systems; they are standard. No longer do we get just single points, but a whole fan of sound goes down to the seafloor to collect 3D data. And we're finding all these weird and wonderful features," Dr Hogan told BBC News.
As well as the iceberg ploughmarks, there are the classic forms left by marine glaciers. These include long striations, drumlins (egg-shaped mounds) and moraines (sediment ridges).
"When the moraines are pushed close together, they're most likely annual features, but move a bigger distance offshore and you might find moraines that are from thousands of years ago and are spread further apart. We could go date the sediments to look at how quickly ice has retreated. So, this gives you an idea of how we can use the imagery to help us understand what is going on."
Another of the more intriguing features is the permafrost polygon. A great expanse of these shapes is captured on the floor of the Laptev Sea off the Siberian coast in the Arctic.
These were actually created above water in ground that contracted and expanded in multiple cooling and warming cycles - only then to be submerged beneath the waves.
They illustrate how the sea can sometimes preserve a record that might otherwise be lost on land, perhaps covered over by vegetation or human development, or lost entirely through erosion.
And flicking through the book, it is clear that not all ice action has been constrained to today's polar waters.
You will find, for example, images in the atlas from around the UK. But then 25,000 years ago, Britain was covered by a colossal ice sheet that extended down from the north.
Likewise, Libya makes an entry with glacial lineations in the Murzuq Basin that are several kilometres long. These ice features are present  because 450 million years ago, north Africa was centred over the South Pole, forming a part of the Gondwana supercontinent.
But as impressive as all this imagery is, it still only represents a small fraction of the total seafloor currently found above 60 degrees latitude.
As with the ocean more generally across the globe, our knowledge of the shape of bed is poor. If you were to divide the polar seas into 500m boxes, more than 85% of them would have no depth soundings.
"That will change in time as all these vessels routinely gather multibeam data," said Dr Hogan.
Jonathan.Amos-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk and follow me on Twitter: @BBCAmos


New world number one doubles team Jamie Murray and Bruno Soares suffered a disappointing defeat in the semi-finals of the ATP World Tour Finals.

The British-Brazilian duo were beaten by South Africa's Raven Klaasen and American Rajeev Ram 6-1 6-4 in an hour at the O2 Arena in London.
But Murray and Soares have already overtaken Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut in the year-end rankings.
After three round-robin match wins, they were outplayed by Klaasen and Ram.
The latter pair will play Finland's Henri Kontinen and Murray's former partner, Australian John Peers, in Sunday's final.
Kontinen and Peers beat the Bryan brothers 7-6 (7-2) 6-4 in their semi-final.
Earlier, Jamie's brother Andy Murray kept his hopes alive of ending the season as the world number one singles player by beating Milos Raonic in a thrilling semi-final, which lasted three hours and 38 minutes.


French Open champion Jelena Ostapenko believes "anything is possible" with the all-out attacking style which brought her a first Grand Slam title.

The Latvian, 20, hit 54 winners on her way to a "dream" 4-6 6-4 6-3 win over Romania's Simona Halep.
"I always had the possibility I could hit the ball really hard," said Ostapenko. "If I have a chance to go for a shot, I'm trying."
She is the first unseeded woman to win the French Open since 1933.
It was only her eighth appearance at one of the four tennis majors, the fewest by a champion since Maria Sharapova won Wimbledon in 2004.
A 100-1 outsider at the start of the tournament, she will rise from 47th to 12th in the world rankings following her spectacular victory.
And it was the 299 winners she hit over the course of seven matches that captured the imagination of the Roland Garros crowd, who roared her to victory on Saturday.
"Nobody taught me, it's just the way I play," said Ostapenko. "And also I think my character is like that. I want to really hit the ball."
Ostapenko beat Olympic champion Monica Puig, former finalist Sam Stosur, former number one Caroline Wozniacki and two-time semi-finalist Timea Bacsinszky on her way to the final.
But it was not until the closing moments of her win over third seed Halep, the 2014 runner-up, that the Latvian contemplated winning the title.
"I think I was up in the third set 5-3, then I realised I can win the match," she said. "Not before that. I was just taking it step by step."
Having earned a total of £1m in her professional career before Roland Garros, Ostapenko, who turned 20 on Thursday, will take home £1.65m for Saturday's victory.
Find out how to get into tennis in our special guide.
"I wasn't even thinking about it," she said. "I was thinking about winning the title."
The junior Wimbledon champion in 2014, she will now head to the All England Club next month among the contenders.
Ostapenko begins her grass-court season in Birmingham at the Aegon Classic, along with eight of the world's top 10, and will then head on to Eastbourne for the Aegon International.
"Of course I will probably now will have more pressure and attention, but I'm going to try to deal with that," she said.
"I think it's going to be little bit difficult but I chose to be a tennis player, so that's my career. I should be fine with that."
She made headlines last year because of a bust-up with British player Naomi Broady in Auckland. The pair argued at the end of their match after Broady claimed Ostapenko should have been disqualified for throwing her racquet at a ball boy.
Ostapenko chose a tennis career over ballroom dancing, something she still practises four times a week - her favourite dance is the samba.
She is coached by her mother Jelena, with father Jevgenijs taking fitness trainer duties.
Spanish player Anabel Medina Garrigues has also been helping with coaching as she recovers from an injury.
President Raimonds Rejoins called to wish her luck after the semi-final, and a giant screen in Riga showed the final.


Conservative Anthony Stansfeld has been re-elected Police and Crime Commissioner for the Thames Valley.

He won 39.93% of first preference votes - falling shy of the 50% needed - so was forced to go to another round where second preference votes were counted.
The former Army veteran won a total of 202,396 first and second preferences, compared with his nearest challenger Laetisia Carter.
She took 172,717 of the first and second preference votes.
Turnout was 25.6%, up from 13.3% in 2012.
Candidates are listed alphabetically by surname. BBC News App users: tap here to see the results.


Labour may not have won the general election, but it did far better than expected - forcing leader Jeremy Corbyn's many critics to think again.

Owen Smith faced a bigger helping of humble pie than most - the Labour MP had launched some pretty savage attacks on Mr Corbyn during an unsuccessful attempt to unseat him as leader.
Just to show there are no hard feelings, Mr Corbyn has drafted him back into his frontbench team as shadow Northern Ireland secretary.
Then:  On Mr Corbyn's assertion the Tories were in retreat, Mr Smith told the BBC's Laura Kuenssberg in September last year: "I think that's delusional. I think Jeremy needs to think a bit more about that straight, honest politics that he started his campaign with. The straight, honest truth is that we are right now at our lowest ebb in the polls, ever. If there was an election tomorrow Labour would be decimated, and that's got to be a shock to Labour's system."
Now: "I was clearly wrong in feeling Jeremy wouldn't be able to do this well and I think he has proved me wrong, and lots of people wrong, I take my hat off to him.... I don't know what Jeremy's got, but if we could bottle it and drink it we'd all be doing very well."
Hilary Benn, who was sacked from Labour's frontbench by Mr Corbyn, following reports he was trying to organise a coup against the leader, has also been fulsome in his praise for Mr Corbyn's campaign.
Then: "He is a good and decent man, but he is not a leader."
Now: "I think he fought a brilliant campaign, which enthused a lot of people with a message of hope over the politics of fear," Mr Benn told the BBC's Newsnight programme.
Labour's former deputy leader cheerfully admits she got it wrong about Mr Corbyn, replying "delicious" when Lord Prescott's son David tweeted a picture of a pie with the word "humble".
Then: "If you fail, you can't take the party down with you - that's not fair," Ms Harman told BBC Radio 4's Today programme in July last year, after a vote of no confidence in the Labour leader.
Now: "The atmosphere is verging from on one hand relief to jubilant, and the Tories are in disarray. And Jeremy Corbyn has to take the credit for that, because he was the leader and he's gone forward," she told the same programme after the election.
John Woodcock disowned Jeremy Corbyn at the start of the election campaign - telling his constituents to vote for him rather than the Labour leader. The Barrow-in-Furness MP hung on to his seat, where Britain's Trident nuclear submarines are built, by a narrow margin. He said he had "no idea" what had happened.
Then: "I will not countenance ever voting to make Jeremy Corbyn Britain's prime minister."
Now:  "I don't know what's going on in British politics!"
Another trenchant Labour critic of Mr Corbyn's leadership, Jess Philips was returned with a massively increased majority last Thursday. The Birmingham Yardley MP  thinks everyone in Labour needs to eat a certain well-known metaphorical dessert but also warns the party not to be uncritical in its support for its leader.
Then:  "I mean, the polling rate is terrible, it would be crass to say anything else. It would be crass of me to say, 'He could rally!' It's like - what's it called? - Monty Python, where he's like, 'It's only a flesh wound!' It is getting a bit like that," Ms Philips told an Institute of Government event, adding it would be the "ultimate selfish act" for Mr Corbyn to remain as leader.
Now: "While I got his electability half wrong, I would be doing him and the country a disservice by donning the white robes of worship and ignoring my concerns," she wrote in the Guardian.