New research gives the first evidence that Zika virus might cause a severe neurological disorder called Guillain-Barré syndrome.

The study was carried out using blood samples from 42 patients who became ill in a previous outbreak.
The Lancet authors say they developed the neurological problems around six days after Zika infection.
Leading scientists described the study as "compelling".
Zika was declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in early February.
The virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes, has caused alarm in central and south America because of its suspected links to under-developed brains in babies - a condition called microcephaly.
But experts have also questioned whether Zika might be linked to another medical condition as well.
Guillain-Barré syndrome leads to muscle weakness and, in severe cases, breathing problems requiring intensive care.
It is a rare response to infection, which sees the immune system attacking peripheral nerves.
Researchers analysed the blood of patients who developed the disorder during a Zika outbreak in French Polynesia in the Pacific two years ago.
From this work, they predict there could be one case of Guillain-Barré among every 4,000 people falling ill with Zika.
The lead author Professor Arnaud Fontanet, from the Institut Pasteur in Paris, said: "These patients tended to deteriorate more rapidly than we usually see with Guillain-Barré.
"But once they were over the acute phase of the illness, their recovery tended to be better."
None of the 42 patients died but some still needed help walking, several months after they became ill.
The researchers say countries with Zika should prepare for extra cases of the nerve disorder.
Professor Hugh Willison, from Glasgow University, told BBC News: "On an individual level, we shouldn't be frightening people into thinking that if they get Zika infection they'll automatically get Guillain-Barré - because the risk is actually rather low.
"But if a million people get infected with Zika, that's hundreds of unexpected cases of Guillain-Barré."
Figures from the WHO show that Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, Surinam and Venezuela have all reported increased numbers of cases of the syndrome in recent weeks.
Dr Jeremy Farrar, director of the Wellcome Trust, said: "This study provides the most compelling evidence to date of a causative link between Zika and Guillain-Barré syndrome.
"The increase in reported cases seems to suggest that a similar situation may be occurring in the current outbreak, although the link here is yet to be proven definitively.
"The scale of the crisis unfolding in Latin America has taken us all by surprise, and we should be prepared for further unforeseen complications of Zika virus infection to emerge in the coming weeks and months."


David Cameron has said world leaders are "miles apart" in the search for a solution to the Syria crisis.

In an interview with US TV network CBS, the prime minister said trying to end the country's civil war was the most difficult problem he had faced.
He was speaking before joining a United Nations anti-terror summit in New York.
The PM said he would "work with anyone" but said there would be no "phoney solution" involving working with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
The UK and United States believe President Assad has to go, but this view is not shared by Russia or Iran.
Mr Cameron, who met Iranian President Hassan Rouhani on Monday, said Iran and Russia both had an influence over what happened in Syria and he stressed the need to persuade both countries that a "new Syria with a different leader" would be in their interests and help get rid of so-called Islamic State (IS), also known as ISIL.
"So far the problem has been that Russia and Iran have not been prepared to contemplate the end state of a Syria without Assad," he said.
He added: "Is this the most difficult intractable problem that President Obama has faced and that I face? Yes.
"We are four years into this. So many people have died and so many have left the country but that doesn't mean you give up.
"Nor should it mean that you go for a sort of phoney solution of thinking you could team up with Assad to fight ISIL, because that would be self defeating. You have to stick to the right path, no matter how long it takes and then persuade others."
The prime minister also said Western governments had not done enough to train moderate opposition forces in Syria, and said the UK drone strike which killed three British IS fighters in Syria last month had "effectively stopped terrorists plotting against the US as well as the UK".
Speaking later at the anti-terror summit, chaired by US President Barack Obama, he set out the scale of the UK's involvement and spoke of the need to win the "propaganda war" and the "battle of hearts and minds".


Bob Howden has stepped down as chairman of British Cycling, but will remain the organisation's president.

Jonathan Browning, a former chairman of Vauxhall, has succeeded him.
UK Sport was expected to publish a report this month after an independent investigation into the culture and practices at British Cycling - but that has been delayed.
The governing body is also being investigated by UK Anti-Doping over allegations of wrongdoing.
Howden, who was re-elected in December, has denied that the move is related to the publication of the report.
A former managing director of Jaguar Cars, Browning was appointed to the British Cycling board as a non-executive director in March 2015.
"British Cycling has delivered tremendous success at every level over the past two decades, but there is clearly work to do to take the organisation to the next level," he said.
Ian Drake left his post as chief executive officer in January, saying it was the "natural moment" as preparations began for the Tokyo Olympics in 2020.
Browning's appointment comes after a turbulent year for one of the country's most successful and well-funded sports governing bodies.
British Cycling is preparing for the results of the investigation into whether there was a culture of bullying at its world-class performance programme.
Publication of a report sources have described as "explosive" has been delayed until next month.
Former world champion Nicole Cooke has accused the organisation of sexism.
And Howden was criticised for his performance in front of a parliamentary select committee at the end of last year.
"The appointment of an independent chair brings British Cycling more closely in line with the new code for sports governance," Howden said.


A property developer who bought a £21m package of publicly-owned land for one of Wales' richest men has told AMs he will not apologise for making money on the controversial deal.

Langley Davies bought the 15 sites on behalf of Sir Stanley Thomas in 2012, but auditors say they could have raised an extra £15m if sold separately.
Mr Davies said both they and the Welsh government had made profits from sales.
The land had been sold to raise money for investment in deprived areas.
The deal, which was the biggest sale of publicly-owned land in Wales in recent years, is being investigated by the public accounts committee.
It had previously heard conflicting evidence as to the haste in which the land was sold by the Welsh government at a time of economic crisis to raise money for its Regeneration Investment Fund for Wales (RIFW).
When committee chairman Darren Millar asked if he had made a "real killing" on one site in Monmouth, Mr Davies said: "I didn't do the transaction not to make money. I'm not going to apologise for that.
"We have made money and the Welsh government has as well."
Mr Davies defended the deal, saying that the taxpayer would receive 50% of the profits from the sale of the Monmouth site, expected to be between £4.7m and £5m.
The land is in the final stage of being sold to housebuilders for £12m.
The most valuable site - in Lisvane, Cardiff - was sold for £15,000 an acre (£37,500 per hectare).
Large parts of that land could now be worth up to £2m an acre (£5m per hectare) if planning permission is granted.
Earlier, when asked by Welsh Tory leader Andrew RT Davies if he thought the sale process had been "chaotic", with the Welsh government simply wanting to "get rid of the assets", Langley Davies said it was "probably the opposite".
"Twelve months is an extraordinarily long time to do any sort of deal," he said, pointing out that in his experience, property deals usually took a month to complete.
Speaking of the need to keep Sir Stanley on board throughout the process, Mr Davies added: "There were other places he could have put that money, so to keep him hanging on for that period of time was a difficult proposition."
He suggested the delay was down to legal procedures as the Welsh government had not at that point transferred ownership of the land to RIFW.


Jack Stacey's 95th-minute winner saw Exeter beat Carlisle to reach the League Two play-off final after an extraordinary 6-5 win on aggregate.

After the first leg had ended 3-3, Exeter led when David Wheeler pulled back for Ollie Watkins to net early on.
Watkins bent in his and Exeter's second on 79 minutes, but Jason Kennedy soon scrambled one back as Carlisle rallied.
John O'Sullivan headed a late leveller but there was still time for Stacey to drill into the top corner to win it.
Paul Tisdale's side will face Blackpool in the final on Sunday, 28 May for the right to play in League One next season.
The Tangerines beat Luton in the other semi-final - also 6-5 on aggregate and also courtesy of a 95th-minute winner on a remarkable night for League Two.
The Hatters had looked to be on course for Wembley when Danny Hylton's penalty put them ahead on aggregate, but Armand Gnanduillet's equaliser and a last-gasp own goal from goalkeeper Stuart Moore sent the Tangerines to the final.
Carlisle, who spent much of the campaign in the automatic promotion places, had a strong first-half penalty appeal turned down when Troy Brown appeared to handle a Luke Joyce cross.
Keith Curle's visitors came from two goals down in both legs of the tie, with 25 goals now scored between the sides in their past five meetings.
O'Sullivan, who scored off the bench in each leg, got the Cumbrians' ninth equaliser against Exeter over that period but they had no time to respond to Stacey's fine winner, the Reading loanee's first goal for the club.
The former Carlisle loanee's stunning strike saw Exeter - who were last in League One in the 2011-12 campaign - finally beat a fellow play-off side this season at the eighth time of asking.
Exeter were bottom of League Two in November, with only Newport and relegated Leyton Orient spending more days in the drop zone than them this term.
Exeter boss Paul Tisdale told BBC Radio Devon:
"If it had gone to extra time we would've won it, because we had that mentality.
"Once they scored their goal there was a strange acceptance that we'd have to score another.
"They've come back at us so many times - they're so good at it - that we just thought 'crikey, we're just going to keep attacking'.
"It's been a very determined last 30 games to go from the bottom of the league to the play-off final, and we've still got more to go."
Carlisle boss Keith Curle told BBC Radio 5 live:
"I'm very proud of the players and the football club - we can walk out of here with our heads held high.
"We gave a very good team a run for their money.
"I had to walk into the changing room and listen to what success sounded like in Exeter celebrating and that hurts - that has to be a spur for us individually.
"The building blocks, the foundations are here - we've had to put them in place over a short period - you look at Exeter, the manager's been here for eight, nine, 10 years to do that."
Match ends, Exeter City 3, Carlisle United 2.
Second Half ends, Exeter City 3, Carlisle United 2.
Goal!  Exeter City 3, Carlisle United 2. Jack Stacey (Exeter City) left footed shot from outside the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Jake Taylor.
Jake Taylor (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Nicky Adams (Carlisle United).
Attempt saved. Ryan Harley (Exeter City) left footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Joel Grant.
Goal!  Exeter City 2, Carlisle United 2. John O'Sullivan (Carlisle United) header from the centre of the box to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Nicky Adams with a cross.
Jordan Tillson (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Jamie Proctor (Carlisle United).
Offside, Carlisle United. Gary Liddle tries a through ball, but Shaun Miller is caught offside.
Attempt missed. Joel Grant (Exeter City) left footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Ollie Watkins.
Goal!  Exeter City 2, Carlisle United 1. Jason Kennedy (Carlisle United) right footed shot from very close range to the bottom left corner following a corner.
Attempt blocked. John O'Sullivan (Carlisle United) right footed shot from very close range is blocked. Assisted by Jason Kennedy.
Attempt blocked. Shaun Miller (Carlisle United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Luke Joyce with a headed pass.
Attempt blocked. Danny Grainger (Carlisle United) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked.
Corner,  Carlisle United. Conceded by Jordan Moore-Taylor.
Goal!  Exeter City 2, Carlisle United 0. Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) left footed shot from the right side of the box to the top left corner. Assisted by David Wheeler.
Attempt blocked. Ryan Harley (Exeter City) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Joel Grant.
Attempt missed. Danny Grainger (Carlisle United) header from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Nicky Adams with a cross following a corner.
Corner,  Carlisle United. Conceded by Jordan Moore-Taylor.
Substitution, Carlisle United. Jason Kennedy replaces Michael Raynes.
Attempt saved. Joel Grant (Exeter City) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Jordan Tillson.
Attempt blocked. James Bailey (Carlisle United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Attempt blocked. Jamie Proctor (Carlisle United) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Luke Joyce.
Attempt missed. Luke Joyce (Carlisle United) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left. Assisted by Michael Raynes.
Attempt missed. Luke Joyce (Carlisle United) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Jamie Proctor.
John O'Sullivan (Carlisle United) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Craig Woodman (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by John O'Sullivan (Carlisle United).
Joel Grant (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Tom Miller (Carlisle United).
Attempt blocked. Luke Joyce (Carlisle United) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
David Wheeler (Exeter City) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Michael Raynes (Carlisle United).
Attempt missed. Jordan Moore-Taylor (Exeter City) header from the centre of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Craig Woodman with a cross following a set piece situation.
Hand ball by Luke Joyce (Carlisle United).
Substitution, Carlisle United. John O'Sullivan replaces Reggie Lambe.
Offside, Carlisle United. Nicky Adams tries a through ball, but Shaun Miller is caught offside.
Corner,  Exeter City. Conceded by Mark Gillespie.
Attempt saved. Ollie Watkins (Exeter City) right footed shot from the right side of the box is saved in the centre of the goal.


A 22-year-old man has died after being hit by a car in Angus.

The incident happened on Coronation Avenue, Montrose, at 20:15 on Sunday.
Emergency services were called after the man was struck by a Land Rover towing a trailer. He was taken to Ninewells Hospital in Dundee, but later died.
A Police Scotland spokesman said inquiries were ongoing and urged anyone who saw the incident to contact Tayside Division on 101.
The driver of the Land Rover was not injured.


England's batsmen can build on their opening day fightback against South Africa in the first Test, according to James Taylor.

Media playback is not supported on this device
After losing three early wickets, the 25-year-old helped guide the tourists to 179-4 at the close.
Taylor fell late on for 70, with Nick Compton 63 not out.
"That wasn't ideal, my late wicket, but that happens and we've still got plenty of batting to come, which is really exciting," Taylor told the BBC.
"We're in a nice position. We've got Compo in there who's batting extremely nicely, and we all know how good a nick Ben Stokes is in at the moment, with plenty of batting to come.
"So I think, as a whole, it's been a pretty solid day for ourselves."
Taylor arrived at the crease with England struggling at 49 for three, after captain Alastair Cook fell for a duck, debutant opener Alex Hales made just 10 and Joe Root was trapped lbw for 24.
South Africa paceman Dale Steyn had claimed both openers but steady half-centuries from Taylor and Compton - who both made Test debuts in 2012 before being dropped - drew the sting form the home side's attack.
"We knew what the situation meant and it kind of dictated the way we played," said Taylor, whose partnership with Compton contributed 125 runs for the fourth wicket.
"We kept it really simple and did exactly what we needed to do and focused on our own game rather than the situation as a whole. It was really enjoyable batting with Compo, it was good fun.
"We should be pretty happy with that considering it couldn't have been better bowling conditions for them."
It was Steyn, returning from a spell out with a groin injury, who eventually dismissed Taylor shortly before bad light stopped play.
"It's been frustrating sitting on the sidelines for the last six weeks," said Steyn.
"It was nice to get on the field today. Great to get the first wicket, especially the English captain. It kind of sets the tone for the team.
"We were lucky to get the wicket at the end but we'll take it."


The US blog-led news site The Huffington Post is launching its UK edition on Wednesday.

It launched a Canadian version in May, but the UK edition will be the first one outside North America.
The Huffington Post was set up by Arianna Huffington in 2005 and bought by AOL earlier this year for $315m (Â£222m).
Ms Huffington remains the president and editor-in-chief of Huffington Post Media Group.
The Huffington Post features a combination of its own journalism, articles aggregated from other news sites, blogs and user-generated content.
When AOL bought the site, Ms Huffington said that one of the most exciting things about the sale was that it would allow them to launch international sites much more quickly.
She is expected to address a launch event on Wednesday, which will also feature former Sun editor Kelvin Mackenzie, spin doctor Alastair Campbell and civil rights campaigner Shami Chakrabarti.
The Huffington Post is also planning to launch a French edition.
AOL recently cut 900 jobs as it attempted to integrate the Huffington Post with its existing workforce.
It is expected that the UK edition will mainly be staffed by the employees who previously produced AOL's UK news pages.


A 19-year-old man is in a serious condition in hospital following a fight in Sheffield.

The brawl involved a large group of teenagers near the Hunters Bar roundabout on Friday evening, South Yorkshire Police said.
Officers were called at about 20:00 BST to reports of an altercation between a group of teenagers.
A 19-year-old man and 14-year-old boy suffered what are believed to be stab wounds.
The 14-year-old suffered minor injuries and has been discharged from hospital.  However, the 19-year-old man remains in a serious condition.
Eyewitnesses said two people were taken away by ambulance; one with blood around the stomach area and another with what appeared to be a head injury.
Inquiries are ongoing and anyone with any information should contact South Yorkshire Police.


Derby County defeated 10-man Grimsby Town to secure a second-round tie against Barnsley in the EFL Cup.

Matej Vydra secured progression for Derby, who had been leading the original tie 1-0 when it was abandoned after 19 minutes because of heavy rain.
The Rams striker sent a penalty past goalkeeper James McKeown after he had been fouled by Nathan Clarke.
Grimsby's Ben Davies was sent off for a second yellow card and Derby saw the game out, despite missing chances.
It was far from one-way traffic in the first half as Paul Dixon and James Berrett had opportunities for League Two Grimsby.
But Clarke's clumsy challenge on Vydra gifted the Championship side the lead before former Rams defender Davies was dismissed for a second bookable offence.
Tom Lawrence then sliced wide for the visitors when presented with an excellent chance, and substitute Ikechi Anya also passed up a good opportunity to make it 2-0.
Match ends, Grimsby Town 0, Derby County 1.
Second Half ends, Grimsby Town 0, Derby County 1.
Foul by Diallang Jaiyesimi (Grimsby Town).
Kellan Gordon (Derby County) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Attempt blocked. Diallang Jaiyesimi (Grimsby Town) left footed shot from outside the box is blocked.
Attempt missed. James McKeown (Grimsby Town) header from the centre of the box is high and wide to the left.
Corner,  Grimsby Town. Conceded by Alex Pearce.
Tom Bolarinwa (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Craig Bryson (Derby County).
Attempt missed. Jason Shackell (Derby County) right footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the right.
Mitch Rose (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Chris Baird (Derby County).
Nathan Clarke (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Chris Martin (Derby County).
Attempt missed. Tom Bolarinwa (Grimsby Town) right footed shot from the centre of the box is too high.
Corner,  Grimsby Town. Conceded by Craig Forsyth.
Tom Bolarinwa (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Craig Bryson (Derby County).
Substitution, Derby County. Timi Max Elsnik replaces Tom Lawrence.
Substitution, Grimsby Town. Diallang Jaiyesimi replaces Siriki Dembele.
Foul by James Berrett (Grimsby Town).
Matej Vydra (Derby County) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Substitution, Derby County. Kellan Gordon replaces Mason Bennett.
Siriki Dembele (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Foul by Craig Forsyth (Derby County).
Mitch Rose (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Foul by Chris Martin (Derby County).
Harry Cardwell (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Foul by Alex Pearce (Derby County).
James Berrett (Grimsby Town) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Craig Bryson (Derby County) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
Foul by Craig Bryson (Derby County).
Attempt saved. Tom Lawrence (Derby County) right footed shot from a difficult angle on the right is saved in the centre of the goal.
Substitution, Derby County. Ikechi Anya replaces Matej Vydra.
Substitution, Grimsby Town. Zak Mills replaces Sam Kelly.
Substitution, Grimsby Town. Harry Cardwell replaces JJ Hooper.
Second yellow card to Ben Davies (Grimsby Town) for a bad foul.
Foul by Ben Davies (Grimsby Town).
Craig Bryson (Derby County) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Attempt saved. Siriki Dembele (Grimsby Town) right footed shot from a difficult angle on the right is saved in the top left corner.


Political wrangling over Stormont's plan to mitigate the impact of the so-called bedroom tax seems to be ending.

Communities Minister Paul Givan said he will introduce legislation next week to set up the mitigation scheme.
It should have been approved by the executive but as it is not functioning, he will take the extraordinary step of bringing it directly to the assembly.
Finance Minister Máirtín Ó Muilleoir said Sinn Féin will support Mr Givan's legislation to mitigate the tax.
However, he maintained his argument there was never any need for fresh legislation to introduce the measure.
Speaking on the BBC's The View on Thursday night, Mr Ó Muilleoir said:  "It's the prerogative of the [communities] minister to get it sorted out, but he can be assured of this - Sinn Féin will support him in opposing the bedroom tax.
"He shouldn't have introduced the issue.  It is not an issue - there will be no bedroom tax."
The "bedroom tax" is a Westminster government policy which cuts housing benefits for some social housing tenants.
Under the Fresh Start deal, Northern Ireland Executive ministers had agreed to fund a mitigation policy but that plan has not yet been passed by the assembly.
Mr Givan said legislation was required but Mr Ó Muilleoir argued the scheme could be introduced under existing budget powers.
Both ministers published conflicting advice which they have been given by their senior civil servants.
David Sterling, from Mr Ó Muilleoir's Department of Finance, wrote: "I am content, having taken legal advice, that from a legal perspective the 2016 Budget Act provides sufficient legislative authority to make bedroom tax mitigation payments.
Mr Sterling cautioned that the Budget Act does not provide for the terms and conditions of any mitigation scheme.
However, he added that "there is no legal reason why these matters cannot be determined administratively".
That advice was questioned by Leo Reilly from the Department of Communities who wrote that "it would be unprecedented to introduce a new welfare scheme estimated to cost around £25m per year solely on the basis of administrative action."
Mr Reilly added that his legal advice is that legislation "is the safest legal route in the present circumstances".
The bedroom tax, which the government calls the "spare room subsidy" was expected to cost those affected an average of £20 a week.
On Thursday, Mr Givan told the BBC's Evening Extra programme that he intends to bring legislation to the assembly early next week.
"I'm asking the Speaker to reconvene the business committee, so that, urgently, this can be brought before the assembly on Monday.
"I'll be appealing to MLAs to vote for these regulations in order to protect individuals, because they should not pay the price for what has been happening here in this executive, with Sinn Féin's tactics," the DUP minister added.
It will be a unusual step for a minister to bring cross-cutting legislation to the assembly without first having executive approval.
The executive stopped functioning on Monday after Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness, of Sinn Féin, resigned over the DUP's handling of the botched Renewable Heat Incentive scheme.


Wales women's pairs have won gold at the World Bowls Championships in Christchurch with victory over New Zealand in the final.

Jess Sims and Laura Daniels beat Jo Edwards and Angela Boyd 16-15 to secure Wales' first World Bowls gold since Janet Ackland in 1988.
Their success came after Wales had claimed silver in the women's triples
Emma Woodcock, Kathy Pearce and Anwen Butten were beaten in the final by Australia.


Nasa's Curiosity rover has found that water can exist as a liquid near the Martian surface.

Mars should be too cold to support liquid water at the surface, but salts in the soil lower its freezing point - allowing briny films to form.
The results lend credence to a theory that dark streaks seen on features such as crater walls could be formed by flowing water.
The results are published in the journal Nature Geoscience.
Scientists think thin films of water form when salts in the soil, called perchlorates, absorb water vapour from the atmosphere.
The temperature of these liquid films is about -70C - too cold to support any of the microbial life forms that we know about.
Forming in the top 15cm of the Martian soil, the brines would also be exposed to high levels of cosmic radiation - another challenge to life.
But it's still possible that organisms could exist somewhere beneath the surface on Mars, where conditions are more favourable.
The researchers drew together different lines of evidence collected over a Martian year, and from different instruments carried by the Curiosity rover.
The Rover Environmental Monitoring System (REMS) - essentially the vehicle's weather station - measured the relative humidity and temperature at the rover's landing site of Gale Crater.
Scientists were also able to estimate the subsurface water content using data from an instrument called Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN). These data were consistent with water in the soil being bound to perchlorates.
Finally, the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument gave the researchers the content of water vapour in the atmosphere.
The results show conditions were right for the brines to form during winter nights at the Martian equator, where Curiosity landed. But the liquid evaporates during the Martian day when temperatures rise.
Javier Martin-Torres, a co-investigator on the Curiosity mission and lead scientist on REMS, told BBC News the detection was indirect but convincing: "What we see are the conditions for the formation of brines on the surface. It's similar to when people were discovering the first exoplanets.
"They were not seeing the planets, but they were able to see the gravitational effects on the star.
"These perchlorate salts have a property called deliquescence. They take the water vapour from the atmosphere and absorb it to produce the brines."
He added: "We see a daily water cycle - which is very important. This cycle is maintained by the brine. On Earth we have an exchange between the atmosphere and the ground through rain. But we don't have this on Mars."
While one might think that liquid water would form at warmer temperatures, the formation of brines is the result of an interaction between temperature and atmospheric pressure. It happens that the sweet spot for formation of these liquid films is at colder temperatures.
The fact that the scientists see evidence for these brines at the Martian equator - where conditions are least favourable - means that they might be more persistent at higher latitudes, in areas where the humidity is higher and temperatures are lower.
In these regions they might even be present all year round.
Dark streaks on slopes seen by orbiting spacecraft have long been thought to be the product of running water seeping from the Martian soil. But this interpretation has been contested.
"It's speculation at this point... but these observations at least support or go in this direction," said Dr Martin-Torres.
Follow Paul on Twitter


Two women who admitted allowing a dog to maul a 79-year-old man to death in his garden have been jailed for a year.

Hayley Sulley, 30, and Della Woods, 29, both of Liverpool were charged under the Dangerous Dogs Act, after retired hospital porter Clifford Clarke died.
In May 2013, Mr Clarke was "eaten alive" by the dog, which had not been fed for 45 hours, when he opened his back door while he cooked a meal.
The dog also bit the end of a police gun, Liverpool Crown Court heard.
Judge Mark Brown said Mr Clarke's death was "entirely avoidable" and he was "literally eaten alive" as he died in "truly horrific circumstances".
Sulley, of Richard Kelly Close, and Woods, of Swallowhurst Crescent, - who were partners - admitted allowing their dog to enter a non-public place and subsequently cause injury in Richard Kelly Close.
The pair had left the 5st (31kg) dog, known as Charlie, in their garden without water and shade while they went to a barbecue.
Neighbours reported the animal, a Presa Canario and bull mastiff cross-breed, was foaming at the mouth and one said it appeared to be eating Mr Clarke's arm.
The court heard the "wild" and "out of control" dog sank its teeth into the 79-year-old's arm and dragged him around his garden; chewing his one arm off at the elbow and mauling the other.
Neighbour Michael Rankin heard Mr Clarke shout "get off me" and ran out to see the dog "pulling his arm off",  the court was told.
Mr Clarke died from multiple injuries and blood loss.
Judge Brown said Sulley and Woods were fortunate not to have been charged with manslaughter.
The dog was so aggressive it bit at the end of an armed police officer's gun and was shot twice by a police marksman, the court was told.
The women also pleaded guilty to three counts of causing unnecessary suffering to a dog at an earlier hearing and have been banned from keeping dogs.
Both bull mastiff and Presa Canario dogs are large powerful breeds but they are not banned in the UK.
In May, tougher penalties were introduced for dog owners in England and Wales who allow their pets to attack people.
Judge Brown said: "I hope that the recent changes to the law will be of some small comfort to Mr Clarke's family.
"Figures released recently show that the number of dangerous dogs seized by the police have risen 50% in just two years in some police forces around the country."
The two women admitted the charges before the changes came into force and the new rules cannot be applied retrospectively.
The maximum sentence the judge could impose was two years.
Mr Clarke's brother Kenny's witness impact statement was read out in court.
It said: "My brother did not deserve this. It must have been the most horrific death in peacetime.
"While we cannot bring my brother back, I think we should make sure this should not happen again."
The women wrote a letter to the judge where they expressed their shame, sadness and "genuine remorse", the court heard
After the hearing, Mr Clarke's brother Kenny said: "If they can afford the dog, they can afford a muzzle."
In a statement after the court case, Det Ch Insp Julie Milburn said: "Clifford Clarke, an army veteran, stood no chance when he was attacked at his home.
"There is no doubt that Mr Clarke's death was a direct consequence of the neglect of this dog."


Everton are the subject of renewed speculation over a potential takeover.

City of London financial sources have told BBC Sport that American investors, with links to Major League Soccer side Sporting Kansas City, are exploring purchasing the Premier League club.
An asking price of £225m is believed to have been set by Everton's owners although it is unknown if the US consortium are prepared to match that.
The possible deal has also been reported in Kansas City.
SKC representative Mike Illig has publicly stated he is an Everton fan, posting pictures of a visit to Goodison Park on his Twitter account on Thursday.
Illig attended former Everton striker Duncan Ferguson's testimonial against Villarreal at Goodison Park in August. His picture of the stadium was retweeted by Robb Heineman, Sporting Kansas City's CEO, increasing speculation that a deal is under discussion.
Cliff Illig, Mike's father, is the principal investor in the group of Kansas City entrepreneurs that purchased Kansas City Wizards from the Hunt Sports Group in 2006. He is also co-founder of the Cerner Corporation health care information technology group.
Everton chairman Bill Kenwright has openly admitted the club is for sale and has been seeking investment but failed to attract a buyer.
The theatre impresario, who bought the club from former owner Peter Johnson for £20m on Boxing Day 1999, said as far back as November 2007: "If the right person stands in front of me and wants to take this club forward then I will sell."
Everton did not comment when contacted about suggestions that a takeover deal is under discussion.


Hosts England can secure their place in next summer's Women's Cricket World Cup when they face Sri Lanka in a four-match series in Colombo from Wednesday.

The opening game does not count for scoring purposes.
But a win in Saturday's second game - the first in the ICC Women's Championship - will clinch their spot at the 2017 tournament.
"We are confident that we can deliver the one victory we now need," said England captain Heather Knight.
"It has been a quick turnaround following our series win in the Caribbean over the West Indies, and we are now looking forward to the fresh challenge of taking on Sri Lanka, with the ambition of finishing the busiest ever year for the England women's team on a high."
Australia, who top the Women's Championship standings, have already secured their place in the finals, which take place from 26 June-23 July in England and Wales.
Despite losing 2-1 to England in their Women's Championship games, the Windies can also secure their place at the tournament when they play India in a three-match series from Thursday.
The top four teams from the ICC Women's Championship gain direct qualification for the finals. The bottom four will have to qualify through the 10-team ICC Women's World Cup Qualifier 2017 in February in Colombo alongside regional qualifiers Bangladesh, Ireland, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, Scotland and Zimbabwe.
Four from that event go through to the finals.
England fixtures (all games start 04:30 GMT)
9 November: 1st ODI (all matches at R Premadasa Stadium, Colombo)
12 November: *2nd ODI
15 November: *3rd ODI
17 November: *4th ODI
*Games counting towards World Cup qualification


Benni McCarthy admits he is full of nerves as he embarks on his new coaching career with Cape Town City this weekend.

McCarthy returns to his home town for his first head coach job after a spell in Belgium two seasons ago as an assistant at St Truiden.
"I'm really nervous, it's a massive step for me now that I'm in charge but I couldn't have gone into battle for my first game with a better bunch of guys," he said of his Cape Town City charges.
I don't want to take any thunder from anyone. I'm just happy where I am now on the side
The new season in South Africa gets underway with the Top Eight competition - the traditional season-opening knockout tournament that pits the top eight finishers from last season's league against each other.
McCarthy's side have home advantage on Saturday for their quarter-final against Polokwane City, with a large crowd expected to watch his debut on the bench at the Cape Town Stadium.
McCarthy, who had been living in Scotland, takes over from fellow former international Eric Tinkler, who left to join Pretoria-based SuperSport United after taking City to an unexpected third place in the last season's final table.
"I'm looking forward to Saturday because the guys all want to replicate last season's success," said McCarthy.
"They don't want people to call them, 'one hit wonders'.
"They have got something to prove which is perfect for me because I can rely on their eagerness to prove themselves again in their second year in the league," he added.
McCarthy, who turns 40 in November, scored 31 goals in 80 caps for Bafana Bafana in his international career, and is Bafana Bafana's top marksman.
He is widely regarded as the country's best footballing export, having won the Champions League with FC Porto and played in the Premier League at Blackburn Rovers and West Ham United.
Now, he says he no longer wants to be under the spotlight.
"For me now it's all about the players. I'm the past and this is their time to shine.
"I don't want to take any thunder from anyone. I'm just happy where I am now on the side."


Cast members and theatre-goers were evacuated from the Royal Opera House in London after a fire alarm went off mid-performance.

Performers from the comic opera L'elisir d'amore gathered outside the Bow Street venue in full costume at 20:30 BST, alongside members of the audience.
The theatre said the interruption was a false alarm and the show had restarted.
People took to Twitter after being caught up in the real-life drama.
Grace Mallon tweeted: "Exciting times at Elisir d'Amore @RoyalOperaHouse - first time I've been evacuated for a fire alarm in the middle of a performance!"
Matt Innes tweeted: "Delightful Donizetti interrupted for a fire alarm, but about to restart to a cheer. Blitz spirit right here."
Michael Amon added: "#royaloperahouse big says that wasn't a drill and thanks everyone for a "brilliant" evacuation. Ready to start in a couple minutes."


You could call it a conflict of interest.

On a US news programme, journalist Charlo Greene was doing a story about marijuana and the Alaskan Cannabis Club.
Off screen, the KTVA reporter was the president of the Alaskan Cannabis Club.
In a clip that's been shared around the world, Greene outed herself as the owner of the business, which claims to help medical marijuana patients in the US state.
Once she'd explained who she was, she calmly looked down the camera, swore and then quit her job live on air.
The shot then cut to a stunned colleague who awkwardly tried to figure out what had just happened and apologised for the language used.
Later, KTVA news director Bert Rudman said in a statement that he apologised for the "inappropriate language" and revealed Greene's contract had been terminated.
On-air, Charlo Greene said she was going to devote time to try to legalise marijuana in Alaska.
In a vote due to take place in November, Alaskans are due to consider whether that should be the case.
If that does happen, Alaska would follow Colorado and Washington which became the first US states to allow the drug to be sold recreationally.
Greene said she decided to speak out to answer critics who compared regulation of cannabis with the legalisation of methamphetamine or crack cocaine.
In a separate video, Greene defended her actions saying "If responsible adults should be allowed to choose how they like to drink, why differentiate my toke from your beer?".
Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube


Borussia Dortmund face an £85,000 fine and the closure of their famous 'Yellow Wall' stand for one Bundesliga match after crowd trouble last weekend.

Fans held up offensive banners during a 1-0 win over RB Leipzig and lit flares, while there were reports of crowd trouble outside the Westfalenstadion.
The German Football Association (DFB) said Dortmund "needs to be sanctioned".
The club has until Monday to accept the proposal or reject it in which case the decision will be taken by DFB's court.
Dortmund had received a suspended sentence last summer for similar offences and the the DFB said there had been trouble at three other games this season - against Mainz, Hoffenheim, and the away game in Leipzig.
Banners at Saturday's game attacked Leipzig, owned by energy drink makers Red Bull, as well as their sports director Ralf Rangnick and Red Bull owner Dieter Mateschitz.
"Slaughter the bulls," read one.
Dortmund has already promised to crack down on fan violence and the club said it "deeply regrets" last weekend's violence that also left police officers and a police dog injured.
Read more: Why are RB Leipzig hated in Germany?
The Westfalenstadion's south stand, nicknamed the "Yellow Wall", is the largest standing stand in Europe with a 25,000 capacity.


Christmas is one of the happiest times of year for most people, but the stress levels can rise when it comes to buying presents.

Inevitably things go wrong on occasions, and online shopping can add an extra variable of delivery into the mix.
So what are your rights, and how are things different when buying on the High Street and online?
Online retailers have up to 30 days to deliver goods, unless specifically agreed otherwise. So it may be the case that you have already left it too late.
If delivery before Christmas is part of the contract, and specified in a confirmation e-mail, then you may have a claim in a small-claims court for breach of contract if it fails to arrive before 25 December.
Otherwise, any goods that arrive late can be returned within seven days if they are no longer wanted under normal distance selling regulations.
Retailers may write into their contract that unforeseen circumstances, such as bad weather, may exempt them from a claim for breach of contract. Each retailer might have different rules.
If you decide to send items back, then the seven-day returns rule covers the period from when it arrives to when you send it back - rather than when it is received by the retailer.
So, if it is snowing, a delayed delivery will not affect your returns rights. Consumer groups advise getting a receipt from the Post Office as proof that you have sent it back on time.
Yes. The seven-day cooling-off period when buying online gives you the right to a full refund, including the original delivery charges, regardless of the reason for returning it - and that includes just changing your mind on wanting it.
Otherwise, if you buy items on the internet you have the same rights as when you buy on the High Street.
Those rights include a refund, replacement or repair if the items is not as described on the website or in the store, if it is not of satisfactory quality, or not suitable for the purpose for which it is intended.
If it proves to be defective within the first six months after purchase, then the onus is on the retailer to prove the fault did not exist at the time of sale and customers can get a partial refund, repair or replacement. After that, the onus is on the customer to prove it was faulty when they bought it.
No. Some goods, such as perishable food, are exempt for obvious reasons.
Other exemptions include flowers, personalised goods, and audio or software with the plastic packaging removed.


Keelan Giles scored a hat-trick of tries as Ospreys made it two wins out of two in the European Challenge Cup by beating Lyon.

Giles added to Ospreys' tally after Sam Davies scored an early penalty and extended their lead with a superb try.
The Wales Under-20 wing scored a third try after the break but Curtis Browning gave the hosts hope of a comeback.
Sam Parry got Ospreys' fourth try to give them the bonus point, with Franck Romanet scoring at the end for Lyon.
The victory means Ospreys, who began their campaign with a 45-0 demolition of Newcastle, lead Pool 2, as Giles added to the two tries he scored against Newcastle Falcons.
Lyon: Romain Loursac; Franck Romanet, Paul Bonnefond, Thibaut Regard, Henry Clunies-Ross; Jacques Louis Potgieter, Baptiste Couilloud; Sami Mavinga, Ti'i Paulo, David Attoub, Felix Lambey, Maselino Paulino, Deon Fourie, Dylan Cretin, Curtis Browning.
Replacements: Vincent Giudicelli, Tornike Mataradze, BJ Botha, Thibaut Privat, Didier Tison, Pierre-Louis Barassi, Jerome Porical, Nicolas Durand.
Ospreys: Dan Evans; Keelan Giles, Jonathan Spratt, Josh Matavesi, Dafydd Howells; Sam Davies, Tom Habberfield (capt); Nicky Smith, Scott Baldwin, Ma'afu Fia, Lloyd Ashley, Rory Thornton, Dan Lydiate, Olly Cracknell, James King.
Replacements: Sam Parry, Paul James, Rhodri Jones, Adam Beard, Rob McCusker, Justin Tipuric, Brendon Leonard, Eli Walker.
Referee: Andrew Brace (Ireland)


Monaghan overcame a determined early challenge from Fermanagh to run out comfortable nine-point victors in the Ulster SFC preliminary round at Clones.

Monaghan's Conor McManus and Ryan Lyons of Fermanagh scored first-half goals as the hosts led 1-8 to 1-6 at the break.
The Farneymen pulled away in the second half, including a run of 10 unanswered points, as the game fizzled out as a contest, McManus finishing with 1-3.
Man-of-the-match Owen Duffy with three points was one of 13 Monaghan scorers.
Re-live all the action from Clones as it happened here
Media playback is not supported on this device
Monaghan went in two points to the good at the interval, an advantage they scarcely deserved given their opponents' efforts in the opening period.
The sides were level at 0-2 apiece when the home side suffered a blow with Kieran Hughes receiving a black card for a retaliatory trip, Ryan McAnespie coming on as his replacement.
McManus put his team three points ahead in the 14th minute when he picked up on a poor kick-out by visiting goalkeeper Thomas Treacy and slotted the ball low and hard into the net for the first goal of the match.
Seven minutes later, Lyons found the net from close range after a fine run and pass by Paul McCusker to make it 1-4 apiece.
The sides continued to trade points but two late frees from Jack McCarron and McManus nudged the Farney County ahead.
McAnespie and McManus both avoided potential black cards in the first half, the former for a foul on Corrigan which saw a 13-metre free awarded, and the latter for a step on Ryan McCluskey, which looked accidental.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Monaghan were by far the superior side in the second half as they took a first tentative step towards securing a 17th Ulster title and a third in five years.
Duffy was one of several substitutes to make an impact on the game, McAnespie denying Sean Quigley a goal-scoring chance and Dessie Mone and Dermot Malone both scoring points.
Fermanagh 'keeper Treacy made a superb early save from Conor McCarthy as he attempted to atone for his first-half error, but later was fortunate to avoid a black card for a rash challenge.
Malachy O'Rourke's men appeared to knock over points at will and the game was far out of the Ernemen's reach by the time Aidan Breen, one of Fermanagh's brighter lights, registered a couple of impressive late scores.
Monaghan will play Cavan in the quarter-finals of the Ulster SFC on 11 June. For Fermanagh, the first round of the qualifiers in mid-June awaits.
Monaghan manager Malachy O'Rourke: "It took us a long time to get going - we were careless with the ball in the first half and we knew we had to come out and be much better in the second half, which we were.
"We gave Fermanagh a lot of room to play in the first half but they fell away a bit in the second. We put more pressure on them, turned the bal over a few times and turned some of those into points.
"We had more urgency all over the field and pressed Fermanagh a bit more. We will need to improve though if we want to beat Cavan in the next round.
Fermanagh manager Pete McGrath: "We put in a fantastic effort in the first half - it went as well as it could have for us, apart from those two late frees.
"Monaghan brought an intensity, pace and physicality to the second half which we were unable to match and they got momentum, flow and cohesion into their game. They deserved to win it on their second half performance."
Monaghan: R Beggan; F Kelly, D Wylie, R Wylie; C Walshe (capt), V Corey, N McAdam; K Hughes, K O'Connell; G Doogan, S Carey, D Ward; C McCarthy, J McCarron, C McManus. Subs: C Forde, K Duffy, J Mealiff, D Mone, B Greenan, A Lynch, D Malone, O Duffy, R McAnespie, T Kerr, M Bannigan.
Fermanagh: T Treacy; M Jones, C Cullen, C McManus; A Breen, R McCluskey, CP Murphy; E Donnelly, L Cullen; B Mulrone, R Lyons, P McCusker; K Connor, Sean Quigley, T Corrigan.
Referee: Derek O'Mahoney (Tipperary)


Inspiration for an entrepreneur often comes when they look for something - a service or a product they need - only to find it doesn't yet exist.

In Sebastien Fabre's case it was his wife's impulse shopping that provided the inspiration that led to the creation of Vestiaire Collective - an online marketplace for second-hand goods.
Mr Fabre, then a Microsoft executive, freely admits he knew nothing about fashion when he got married. But he did know that his wife, who enjoyed shopping, had a lot of bags.
And because she worked in the fashion industry, these impulse purchases weren't just any old bags, but high-end designer ones from the likes of Chanel and Hermes. Yet, despite having so many of them, 13 to be exact, she used just one. The rest languished, unused, in the wardrobe.
Together they decided to sell them, but despite the plethora of second-hand marketplaces already in existence, such as eBay and Amazon, they couldn't find anywhere where they felt their credentials as a seller would be trusted and where the bags' value would be recognised.
It sparked an idea. Rather than accept the status quo, and suspecting it wasn't just his wife who had unused designer items, Mr Fabre decided to do something about it.
Six months later, having roped in five other people, he established Vestiaire Collective - an online marketplace for second-hand designer bags, shoes, accessories and clothing. The first thing they listed for sale? His wife's handbags.
Eight years after its 2009 foundation - at the height of the financial crisis - sales are growing 85% year-on-year. "There's a lot of treasure sleeping in the wardrobe of people," Mr Fabre says.
It has four million members in over 40 countries and last year its sales totalled some â‚¬77m (Â£59m). It makes money from the commission it charges customers on sales. Typically this is 25%, or for those who use its concierge service, which photographs and lists products on customers' behalf, it takes 35%.
The rapid growth is not bad for someone who until he set up the business had been working in tech and knew absolutely nothing about fashion.
But Mr Fabre says he was aware of this weakness all along - and deliberately ensured that three of the five co-founders he bought on board had fashion backgrounds.
And while he admits it's "pretty tricky" for a website developer to know what, for example, a Birkin bag is, he believes it's important for the whole team - whether on the fashion side or on the development side - to understand the type of products they are selling.
The online revolution has driven the development of many similar websites.
Rivals to Vestiaire Collective include Edit Second Hand, Hardly Ever Worn It, and High Society. Yet the size of the growing market for upper premium brands still makes it attractive, with the sector valued at â‚¬16bn, according to management consultancy Bain & Co.
Mr Fabre believes the firm's focus on authenticating the products and ensuring they are in good condition is helping it to stand out.
Unlike broader online auction sites, anyone who wants to sell an item via their website first needs the company's approval.
A potential seller will email in photos of their product alongside a description and the price they want.
This will then be checked by an in-house team to see if it's suitable, considering factors such as whether it's an appropriate brand, on trend and of sufficient quality. Around a third of potential items are rejected. Vestiaire Collective will then crop the photos before posting them on its site.
When an item is bought, the seller sends it not to the customer but to the firm which will check it's the real deal and in a good condition before sending it to the buyer. The entire process takes around seven days.
But it's this service which Mr Fabre believes makes its offering more unusual.
"We control everything, so 100% of the product goes through our hands before going to the final buyer," he says.
The aim also - in this high end world - is to make all the items and the website itself look like a designer - rather than a used goods - website.
Fellow co-founder Fanny Moizant says its inspiration was luxury designer fashion website Net-a-Porter rather than the existing second-hand online shops.
"I even had some people saying 'oh my god I didn't even spot it was second hand', so people might think it's another online retailer selling new pieces. We tried as much as we can to combine those two," she says.
Despite this, both Mr Fabre and Ms Moizant argue that their offering complements rather than rivals that of the existing designers.
Mr Fabre says the firm provides an opportunity for someone to buy an item that is no longer available, provides money for people to reinvest in new designer items and offers accessible prices for those new to designer buying.
"We're building the value and respecting the value of the luxury market. It also keeps up the value of fashion items," he says.
Peter York, who has advised many large luxury companies, agrees, noting that one of the criteria used to define a luxury product is that the item holds its value.
But he warns the concept of second-hand luxury won't appeal in all markets across the world.
"I think they have a chance amongst more evolved kinds of consumers in the West. You know, if you come out of a tough world you don't want second-hand; second-hand implies poverty," he says.
Mr Fabre is undaunted, comparing the still relatively fledgling world of second-hand fashion with that of the more established car industry. He notes that people routinely trade in their old cars for newer models.
Is that his next move?
Mr Fabre laughs, aware of the dangers for a start-up of expanding too quickly. "My investors like to remind me that I have to focus on my core business first," he says.
This feature is based on interviews by Life of Luxury series producer Neil Koenig


A notorious tabloid newspaper claims a "psychic" crocodile has predicted the outcome of Australia's election.

The Northern Territory News is famous for its lurid front-page stories featuring UFOs, horny ghosts and especially crocodiles.
Ahead of this Saturday's election, the paper hung pictures of Australia's two main political leaders on poles baited with fish guts.
These were dangled into the enclosure that houses Burt, a 5.1m crocodile.
Burt momentarily latched on to Opposition Leader Bill Shorten, but after a moment of cold-blooded deliberation decided Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull would win the election.
"The bookies suggest he's onto a winner," said Matt Williams, the newspaper's editor.
"Burt's brain may only be the size of a walnut but he's one smart beast."
Burt resides at the Crocosaurus Cove wildlife park and played a starring role in the classic Australian film Crocodile Dundee.
He is the latest in a long line of "psychic" animals, the most famous of which was Paul the octopus, who correctly selected the outcome of seven of Germany's 2010 World Cup matches.


Campaigners want a dedicated clinic for victims of female genital mutilation (FGM) to be opened in Wales.

There are currently five drop-in clinics in England for victims of the practice, which affects an estimated 200 million women and girls worldwide.
But there is no such medical provision in Wales.
Now charity Bawso is working to open a pilot clinic at the Cardiff Royal Infirmary to provide medical and psychological help to survivors.
In 2014-15 Bawso supported 788 families affected by FGM in Wales which, according to the World Health Organization involves "the partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons".
Bawso's violence against women director Dr Mwenya Chima said: "In the UK there are women's clinics for women who have had FGM, for medical and psychological help. Survivors can just walk in and ask for help.
"But in Wales we don't have any of that. We are trying to make a case to health agencies that we need to have this kind of clinic, even if it is initially for one day a week for a year to see if there is a demand."
Dr Chima believes there is a big gap in the support provided, and that many survivors of FGM in Wales are not known about.
She said: "I worked with a young women recently - a survivor of FGM - who wanted medical help as she was having problems. Although she wanted help she was already in two minds about having anything done as she was going against her parents.
"We tried to get her help from the clinic in Bristol, but there were delays because she was outside the area, so in the end it didn't happen and she is still living with these problems now."
The call comes as the world marks the international day of zero tolerance to FGM - a UN-sponsored event to raise awareness of the issue.
Although it has been illegal to carry out FGM in the UK since 1985, there have been no successful prosecutions relating to the practice, which is carried out for cultural and religious reasons in certain communities.


China's President Xi Jinping heads to Davos this week.

It's the first time a Chinese head of state is attending the global forum and he'll be star of the show.
But besides the allure of snow-capped alpine peaks and tasty cups of hot chocolate, why is he doing this? And why now?
First off, let's not kid ourselves. Davos is a venue where little meaningful gets done.
It has struggled to shake its reputation as a very expensive talking shop that sees the rich and powerful of global business, politics, arts and society meet every year to sip cocktails and connect.
Along the way they're supposed to think big thoughts about how to improve the world economy.
But given that their wealth and lifestyles are precisely what many parts of the developed world is seeing a backlash against right now, it's not clear how much their solutions will help.
Davos: Are the global elite in retreat?
Globalisation and free trade are being attacked in the US and Europe. And with a new president about to enter the White House, President Xi's speech will be watched very carefully.
According to Jiang Jianguo, a minister in China's State Council Information office, President Xi will be "offering Chinese remedies for the world's economic ailments".
So what might he say, and why is this important? Here are three things I'll be watching for:
Globalisation has arguably benefited China more than any other country in the world.
As the US pulls out of free trade agreements, President Xi is likely to laud its merits, and position China as the world's newest and friendliest trading partner.
Of course, there's always the criticism that China only opens up its economy just enough to benefit itself.
But President Xi is likely to tackle that too. Chinese leaders tend to make big announcements in speeches abroad, so watch out for any further possible access to China's economy.
It's part of China's public diplomacy to convince the world that China's rise is a good thing for everyone.
President Xi will be likely to present an image of China to the world "as a friend to everyone, a big wonderful panda that everyone should hug, and that everyone should just relax," says Prof Kerry Brown of the Lau China Institute at King's College London.
But this may be a hard sell, especially given the lingering concerns about China's growing military might in the South China Sea.
Davos is a good opportunity to challenge these perceptions, says Jia Xiudong, at the China Institute of International Affairs in Beijing.
"Other countries may see China as an aggressive, assertive country. But this is a misunderstanding. That's why it's such a good opportunity for the president to communicate his message."
Oh, and that no-one will be unfurling Free Tibet flags or heckling him (at least not inside the venue) will probably be an added benefit.
President Xi's speech comes just three days before Donald Trump is inaugurated as the 45th president of the United States.
"America is downgraded slightly in the eyes of the world because of the election," says Prof Brown. "And China is more prominent - so it's quite significant."
Vanity is also a factor. President Xi enjoys massive popularity at home, and, as you might expect, would like to see that level of respect paid to him on the international stage.
What better way to do that than to praise the virtues of China's economic wisdom to a receptive crowd, at a time when faith in the US's ability as the de facto superpower is being questioned and dissatisfaction for the free market system - and the inequality it has created - is rising.
But while President Xi may enjoy being thrust into the spotlight on the Davos stage, it won't erase some of the hard truths he has to deal with back home.
China's economy is slowing down and its currency, the yuan, is weakening to lows not seen since 2008.
All of this has Beijing extremely concerned. China knows better than most that a growing gap between the haves and the have nots is devastating for social stability.


One of India's oldest newspapers has not been printed for the first time in 137 years due to rains and floods in the southern city of Chennai (Madras).

The Hindu, published daily since 1878, did not come out on Wednesday as workers could not access the press.
The paper's publisher N Murali told BBC Hindi's Imran Qureshi that it was the first time this had happened.
The rains have suspended flights and trains and hundreds of people are without power.
The Hindu, which is headquartered in Chennai, is also published in 17 other cities.
"Our Maraimalainagar township was not accessible for the people who run the plant. So, none of our staff could reach the plant. It is located about 30km (18 miles) from the city in Maraimalainagar," Mr Murali said.
"The printing press plant is large so we put it up outside the city. Even if we had printed the paper, I doubt if it could have been distributed in the city," he added.
Other city newspapers like the Times of India, the Deccan Chronicle and the New Indian Express were printed, although it is unclear if they had reached readers in the city.
The army has been deployed to rescue thousands of stranded people after two days of heavy rains.
Flights from the city's airport have been indefinitely suspended after flood waters entered the runway and tarmac areas on Tuesday evening.
Most of the main streets are waterlogged and schools have been shut for the 17th day since November, reports say.
Schools and colleges have been shut in six districts due to the rains.


Roger Federer said he always believed he could win Wimbledon again, after ending a five-year wait for his eighth title with victory over Marin Cilic.

Media playback is not supported on this device
The Swiss, 35, won 6-3 6-1 6-4 to become the most successful man in Wimbledon singles history, and claim a 19th Grand Slam title.
Federer's previous triumph at the All England Club was in 2012, and he has since lost in the 2014 and 2015 finals.
"It's special, Wimbledon was always my favourite tournament," he said.
"I truly believed. For me, it was also important that my team believed it, as well.
"My heroes walked the grounds here and walked the courts here. Because of them, I think I became a better player too.
"To make history here at Wimbledon really means a lot to me just because of all of that really. It's that simple."
Media playback is not supported on this device
Fourteen years after his first Wimbledon triumph, Federer added to his lengthy list of achievements:
Federer has lost just two matches in 2017, and held match points in both of those, collecting titles at the Australian Open, Indian Wells, Miami Masters, Halle and now Wimbledon.
His success is all the more remarkable after he left the All England Club 12 months ago and chose to miss the rest of 2016 to fully recover from a knee injury.
The Swiss returned to win his 18th major title in Melbourne, sparking a superb run of form, but then skipped the clay-court season and took a 10-week break.
"Honestly, I'm incredibly surprised how well this year is going, how well I'm feeling," said Federer.
"I knew I could do great again maybe one day, but not at this level. I guess you would have laughed, too, if I told you I was going to win two Slams this year. People wouldn't believe me if I said that.
"I also didn't believe that I was going to win two this year. It's incredible."
Federer rose to third in the world rankings on Monday, and plans to play more in the second half of the season than the first.
He also expects to try for a ninth Wimbledon title in 2018, aged 36.
"The goal is definitely to be here again next year to try to defend," he said.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Cilic, 28, struggled with a blister on his left foot and broke down in tears during the second set of the final.
"I even felt it in the match with Querrey in the semis," said the Croat. "Fluid just came down under my callus in the foot."
The seventh seed revealed he had taken painkillers before the match and knew as early as the warm-up that he would struggle to move freely.
On the tearful changeover, he said: " It was just emotionally that I knew on such a big day that I'm unable to play my best tennis, in physical, and in every single way.
"That was just a little bit combination of all emotions because I know how much it took for me to get here."
Media playback is not supported on this device
Russell Fuller, BBC tennis correspondent
Twelve months ago, the state of Federer's knee and his future in the sport were uncertain. Six months away from competition worked wonders and he is now within striking distance of returning to the top of the rankings.
The now 19-time Grand Slam champion turns 36 in three weeks and yet it is he or Rafael Nadal who will be the next world number one.
With Andy Murray and Novak Djokovic weighing up the best way to treat hip and elbow injuries, Federer is up to number three and doesn't have a single ranking point to defend for the rest of the year.


The policing of a major incident at a nightclub in which two students were killed in a crush was "appropriate", the police watchdog has said.

Nabila Nanfuka, 22, and Laurene-Danielle Jackson, 19, suffered fatal injuries while trying to leave the Lava and Ignite club in Northampton in 2011.
The Independent Police Complaints Commission looked into police actions.
An inquest found 14 DJ announcements in 30 minutes had been the most significant cause of overcrowding.
About 900 students travelled to the club from around the country and the DJs called for universities to leave one after the other, often with just a few minutes between them.
The IPCC investigation found it more than likely police had not been informed of the event and was only alerted when a large number of people began arriving at the club.
The report said there is "sufficient evidence to suggest the decisions and actions of the police during the incident were appropriate".
It added there was "no evidence of a criminal offence having been committed by any police officer".
The report concluded that "every officer involved made a significant contribution to the effective policing of the tragedy".
During an inquest last week, it was reported that a series of announcements reminding people not to miss their coaches had been made in the early hours of 19 October.
The inquest jury concluded the second most significant factor was the lack of overall management of the cloakroom.
The Crown Prosecution Service previously determined there would be no criminal charges brought against anyone following the incident.
Ms Nanfuka, of Neasden, north London, was studying a leisure and tourism degree at the University of Northampton. She died at Northampton General Hospital on 19 October.
Ms Jackson, of Wembley, was studying psychology at Kingston University and died at Leicester's Glenfield Hospital on 6 November.


Patients would get a cancer diagnosis within 28 days if Plaid Cymru is in power after the 2016 assembly election, the party has announced.

It has promised to build three cancer diagnostic test centres to "match England" in waiting times and service.
The party estimates the centres would cost about £30m to build.
The Welsh government said it had "invested in new diagnostic equipment, new health centres and NHS staff and we are seeing long waiting times fall".
Plaid's analysis of official statistics suggest just 0.9% of patients in England wait more than six weeks for an MRI scan, compared to 32.3% in Wales.
For a cystoscopy, a specialist bladder examination, the figures are 6.4% and 52.3%.
Elin Jones, Plaid Cymru's health spokeswoman, said: "Waiting lists for diagnostic tests in Wales are substantially longer than elsewhere.
"This means that people who are worried about potential illnesses are waiting too long for diagnosis.
"In England, the government says that it will ensure that patients get cancer diagnoses within 28 days.
"In Wales, a Plaid Cymru government would seek to match England in terms of waiting times and service."
She conceded the Welsh government had invested additional funds in cancer treatment, but said the extra cash "hasn't dented waiting times for tests".
The Welsh government said the latest figures for July showed 97.7% of patients - 765 out of 783 - who were newly-diagnosed with cancer started "definitive" treatment within the target time of 31 days, up from 96.8% of people in June.
A spokesman for Health Minister Mark Drakeford accused Plaid Cymru of "repeating the rhetoric of Jeremy Hunt and the Tories by calling our Welsh NHS 'second rate'" when "every objective comparative study rejects the idea that people in Wales get poorer care".
"We have invested an extra £500m in the last two years alone, which is equivalent to 6.5% - more than any government has put into the NHS," the spokesman said.
"We know there is more that can be done and we are committed to working with our health service to deliver high-quality care and services for all," he added.
Welsh Conservative Shadow Health Minister Darren Millar welcomed "nationalist pledges to copy innovative UK government policy".
"Welsh Conservatives have long called for boosted access to cancer treatments and an end to long waits for hospital appointments," he said.


Reading forward Yakou Meite has joined French second division club FC Sochaux on a season-long loan.

The 21-year-old former Paris St-Germain player made just one league start for the Royals last season after joining for an undisclosed fee.
He scored one Championship goal, in a defeat by Derby County, and also featured in the EFL Trophy for the club's under-21 side.
Meite is also an Ivory Coast youth international.
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


Brazil's government has abolished a vast national reserve in the Amazon to open up the area to mining.

The area, covering 46,000 sq km (17,800 sq miles), straddles the northern states of Amapa and Para, and is thought to be rich in gold, and other minerals.
The government said nine conservation and indigenous land areas within it would continue to be legally protected.
But activists have voiced concern that these areas could be badly compromised.
A decree from President Michel Temer abolished a protected area known as the National Reserve of Copper and Associates (Renca).
Its size is larger than Denmark and about 30% of it will be open to mining.
The mining and energy ministry says protected forest areas and indigenous reserves will not be affected.
"The objective of the measure is to attract new investments, generating wealth for the country and employment and income for society, always based on the precepts of sustainability," the ministry said in a statement.
But opposition Senator Randolfe Rodrigues denounced the move as "the biggest attack on the Amazon of the last 50 years", O Globo newspaper reported (in Portuguese).
Maurício Voivodic, head of the conservation body WWF in Brazil, warned last month that mining in the area would lead to "demographic explosion, deforestation, the destruction of water resources, the loss of biodiversity and the creation of land conflict".
Amazon culture clash
Loss of Indigenous lands threatens climate
Indigenous leaders fight for survival
According to the WWF report, the main area of interest for copper and gold exploration is in one of the protected areas, the Biological Reserve of Maicuru.
There is also said to be gold in the Para State forest, which lies within the area.
The WWF says there is potential for conflict too in two indigenous reserves that are home to various  ethnic communities living in relative isolation.
WWF's report said than a "gold rush in the region could create irreversible damage to these cultures".
"If the government insisted on opening up these areas for mining without discussing environmental safeguards it will have to deal with an international outcry."
Get news from the BBC in your inbox, each weekday morning


When doctors say "We need to have a new conversation with the public", nobody is waiting for good news.

True to form, the wise men at the top of the NHS in their headquarters in Leeds and Liverpool have identified the source of their pain: it's us.
We are victims of our own lifestyle choices, demographically ever more numerous, and culturally driven by untameable expectations.
We drink too much, we are too fat, we smoke, and we do not exercise and the average age of the population is increasing.
The pressure is intolerable.
A morning at A&E or a GP's surgery is like a scene from The Day of the Triffids.
No power on earth could save us from ourselves and we are lucky to live as long as we do.
Nothing new here. The NHS and the people were never a perfect fit.
When it began, in 1948, it was thought that demand for the NHS would trail off after an initial rush for treatment.
By the 1950s the NHS was already a fiscal nightmare, a 'bottomless pit': free medicine for all, it turned out, was a stony road leading to an 'infinity of demand'.
So it has been ever since - but there has never been a time quite like this.
In a report published early last year, the head of the NHS, Simon Stevens revealed that the annual deficit of the NHS will soon reach Â£30bn - a shortfall big enough to pay the Army and the Navy put together.
That kind of money not only talks, it changes the conversation.
Until now, the assumption has been that the NHS - like the Greeks - could muddle on forever. Well, we have just seen what happened to the Greeks.
Strategists throughout the Health Service have begun to think the unthinkable.
'Unsustainable' is only the word they use in official parlance.
A Liverpudlian doctor featured in a Panorama Special, NHS - The Perfect Storm tells it like it is: Unless we change the way we do things, the NHS in England will die.
Liverpool is something of a special case.
Since records began, the city has bumped around at the bottom of almost all league tables for healthy living.
The new Healthy Liverpool programme - backed by the City Council and the Liverpool Clinical Commissioning Group - is the city's latest answer to its mountain of health problems.
Presented as a manifesto of sweeping - even 'revolutionary' - change, it promises Liverpudlians longer, healthier and happier lives.
The scheme involves an all-out attack on unhealthy lifestyles combined with a massive shift of care - and resources - from hospitals and into the community, and a joining up of the NHS with other health and social care services.
These are familiar tropes of health service reform instantly recognisable from the past.
Mental Health:
Reduce excess deaths among adults under 75 with serious mental illness
Decrease hospital admissions for self-harm
Increase the proportion of people who get psychological therapy by 25%
Healthy Ageing:
Increase proportion of people still at home after 91 days after hospital discharge
Reduce permanent admissions for over-65s to residential and nursing homes
Reduce emergency admissions for vertebral and hip fractures by a quarter
Cancer:
Less than 90% of patients waiting 62 days from referral from screening service to first definitive treatment
Increase bowel cancer screening rate to 60% and breast cancer screening rate to 70%
Reduce smoking prevalence from 25.2% to 20.2% by 2020
Children:
Reduce children's admissions for asthma by 28.8% by 2016-17
Reduce excess weight in four and five-year olds
Increase the number of women breast feeding at six to eight weeks
Long-term conditions:
Reduce coronary heart disease emergency admissions by 18.3% by 2018-19
Reduce emergency admissions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by 26.9% by 2018-19
Reduce potential years of life lost by 24.2% by 2018-19.
Learning disabilities:
Improve accuracy of the learning disabilities register in general practice
Increase percentage of people with learning disabilities receiving an annual health check
We have heard it all before, so why should it work now?
At the core of the programme is a very simple idea: healthy people do not go to hospital.
Everything possible must be done to prevent people becoming ill, by encouraging healthy lifestyles.
Doctors and other health workers are charged with anticipating problems in their patients, and trying to act before they get ill. They are also taking healthy living messages out into the community.
Little things can make a big difference. Statistics show that even walking for 20 minutes a day makes a considerable reduction in hospital admissions.
When people do get ill, the aim is to treat them as close to home as possible, and if they do need hospital care then to minimise the length of their stay, by ensuring coordinated care is available when they leave.
We do not need hospitals, one member of Liverpool's CCG exclaimed - with only a little exaggeration.
And as if to reinforce this message, the new Liverpool Royal Hospital is being built with fewer beds than the hospital it is replacing.
In the future the only people who will be admitted to hospital, will be patients who really need to be there.
At the end of Healthy Liverpool programme, a senior doctor told me, there will be fewer hospitals in Liverpool.
There is a growing realisation that the problems are not going to be solved by the NHS acting alone.
The NHS can put its own house in order, but we - the public - need to change the way we live, and the way we use the health service.
Changing the habits of a lifetime is not very easy anywhere - in Liverpool it could be particularly challenging.
The reckoning in Liverpool is that they have only got about 24 months before the system starts to grind to a halt.
That is the conversation the NHS needs with the public.
One Liverpool GP told Panorama that is going to be a difficult ask.
"Realistically we should be the healthiest, happiest, best that we have ever been as a population. The knowledge is out there. Things are good and bad for you. But in reality we are getting worse.
"Actually that 10 minute or 15 minutes you have with somebody is not going to change their lives. Its about realizing that - and the reason why you are not feeling great is nothing medical.
"It is more social and it is more about life itself than being depressed and needing drugs.
"This is bigger than this practice. This is bigger than the NHS.
"The NHS can't cope: no health service would cope - anywhere."
NHS: The Perfect Storm is on BBC One at 20.30 on Monday 13 July 2015 and afterwards on iPlayer


The streets of Kunduz have been transformed into battle grounds as Afghan government forces clash with Taliban fighters trying to seize control of the northern city.

But the unexpected speed with which fighting broke out on Monday means there are still hundreds of families trapped inside their homes, unable to do anything but listen to the sound of gunfire and falling bombs.
The BBC spoke to two people trapped just hundreds of metres from the frontline.
Student Milad, 19, had only come to visit family but is now unable to escape because of the intense fighting just a few hundred metres from his home.
"The situation here's really bad - we wanted to get out and go to Kabul but there are Taliban checkpoints on the way so we decided to stay in.
"The Taliban are only a couple of roads away from us - they're 300 metres away to be precise.
"We have been stuck in the basement of our house for the past three days. We hardly go up to the house because there is firing and bullets and we don't want to risk getting shot at. It's very difficult. When we need food we run to the house to get the cooking equipment and bring it to the basement and cook here.
"There's no power so we occasionally turn on the generator to charge our phones. I pass my time by reading booksâ€¦
"I'm with my mother, uncle, sister, little brother and other relatives - there are about seven of us in one room.
"I can hear firing, aircrafts and bombardments even in the basement."
Yalda, 21, hid in her basement with her family when the fighting broke out. They have escaped the city since speaking to the BBC, and are heading for the capital Kabul.
"We are in the centre of Kunduz, I can hear firing and helicopter bombardments right now. There is fighting and the Taliban are one kilometre away - they have hidden inside people's home and are firing from there.
"We are in danger, we can't do anything, we've locked ourselves in the basement, we are helpless, we can't flee because all the routes out are blocked. People are afraid and everyone at the moment is staying inside but if the fighting continues they will flee too.
"There is not much on TV about Kunduz at the moment but there is a radio programme where people share their problems. They are calling in saying there is fighting in Kunduz but the government is not taking any action.
"I want the fighting to stop and the government forces to defeat the Taliban. I want peace to return."
Interviews by Sodaba Haidare of the BBC World Service Outside Source programme


A bid for Ireland to host the 2023 Rugby World Cup would have to be withdrawn unless Northern Ireland's licensing law is changed, the chief executive of Ulster Rugby has said.

Shane Logan made the comments during a meeting of the Northern Ireland Assembly's social development committee.
It is taking evidence as part of its review of the Licensing Bill.
The bill would allow outdoor stadiums to apply for licences to sell alcohol.
Currently, stadium operators have to apply for temporary licences.
Mr Logan said, as it stands, there are up to 19 professional games played a year at Ulster Rugby's Kingspan Stadium in Belfast.
Each time, Ulster Rugby has to apply to a court for an occasional licence, and it has "no certainty" of a licence in advance, as these are only granted on the day of the match, he said.
He said that while Ulster Rugby had never been refused an occasional licence, it had "bid for events with certainty of licensing".
"This precludes us from bidding for major events," Mr Logan said.
"We would not be able to fulfil the criteria for access to alcohol bars and family access to entertainment that is required to allow us to bid for the 2023 Rugby World Cup."
"[With] the law as it stands, we would have to withdraw from that."
The Licensing Bill is a private member's bill proposed by Judith Cochrane, the Alliance Party MLA.


Britain's Dan Evans claimed his first ATP Tour win on clay to reach the second round of the Barcelona Open, as compatriot Kyle Edmund also progressed.

World number 43 Evans took a final-set tie-break against Thiago Monteiro to triumph 6-7 (4-7) 6-2 7-6 (7-2).
The 26-year-old's only two previous wins on the surface at tour level came in Davis Cup dead rubbers.
Edmund, the world number 42, brushed aside Frenchman Jeremy Chardy 6-3 6-4 and faces Austria's Dominic Thiem next.
Evans will play Mischa Zverev, who beat Andy Murray at this year's Australian Open, in the second round.
His most recent Davis Cup win on clay came earlier this month as GB lost to France in the quarter-finals.
He was outplayed by Chardy in his first Davis Cup singles rubber, before beating Julien Benneteau as the match descended into chaos.
Much of the build-up to the tie focused on Evans' inexperience on clay, and dislike for the surface.
British number two Edmund, who also lost to Chardy in the singles at the Davis Cup, exacted revenge on the world number 70 with a straight-set victory in Barcelona.


Two people have been taken to hospital after an early-morning fire in Aberdeen.

Firefighters were called to a flat in the Regent Court tower block at 01:25.
They rescued a man and a woman from the property and administered first aid.
The casualties were then taken by ambulance to Aberdeen Royal Infirmary.


An RAF pilot was guided into landing his jet by a colleague in another aircraft after suffering "a partial loss of vision", it has emerged.

The pilot was flying solo during a training flight on Thursday and radioed for assistance while returning to RAF Leeming in North Yorkshire.
The Hawk jet was promptly joined by another aircraft from the same squadron as a wingman to provide guidance.
They then flew in formation and landed safely.
The RAF has offered no further details on the condition of the pilot.
A spokesman said: "Flying in formation, and conducting an approach to land as a formation, is a daily skill practised by RAF fast jet pilots."


Plans to increase Welsh medium education have been set out as part of a target to get one million people speaking Welsh by 2050.

A strategy to double the number of Welsh speakers in the next 30 years has been published by the Welsh Government.
To hit this target, a plan to increase Welsh medium education by a third over the next 14 years has been announced.
The Conservatives said ministers would need to persuade people and communities of the benefits of bilingualism.
Currently 22% of seven-year-olds are being taught in Welsh-medium schools but ministers want it to rise to 30% at every level by 2030.
If the expansion is achieved, it would mark the biggest increase in recent years.
First Minister Carwyn Jones has called on the entire nation to take ownership of the language in order to meet the target.
The pledge has attracted cross-party support at the assembly.
As part of the proposals, pupils in English-medium schools will have to devote more time learning the Welsh language.
The full details will not be known until the new curriculum is finalised before its expected implementation in 2021.
There will be 150 more Welsh-medium nursery groups created over the next decade, as well as plans to recruit significantly more Welsh-speaking teachers in order to cope with demand.
The intention is for 70% of all pupils to be fluent in Welsh by the time they leave school in 2050.
"Reaching a million speakers is a deliberately ambitious target to so that the Welsh language thrives for future generations," Mr Jones said.
"If we are to succeed, we need the whole nation to take ownership of the language.
"Politicians can't impose that, but politicians can lead. By raising our expectations and adopting an ambitious vision, we have the potential to change the future outlook for the language."
Many of the changes in education provision will be implemented by councils.
Mr Jones said in some schools there would be a shift in the language from English to Welsh, as well as new Welsh-medium schools built to cope with the increase in demand.
He claimed controversy over changes at a school in Llangennech, Carmarthenshire, was "almost the echo of something we saw many years ago".
"For me, the amount of goodwill to the language and support for the language is there among the vast majority of people," he said.
Suzy Davies, Conservative spokeswoman on the Welsh language, said she supported the drive but added: "Success will depend on persuading our different communities, different individuals, why it is so valuable to be bilingual, to have skills in both our languages.
"Clearly, the more pupils learn through the medium of Welsh, or hear and see more Welsh as a normal part of school life, the better the prospect of increasing fluency among the next generation of Welsh speakers. So we do support this.
"But we also need to look at challenges faced by the current generation - in particular, adults in work - and I want to see more opportunities to upskill the Welsh workforce in their actual workplace."
Plaid Cymru AM Sian Gwenllian welcomed the strategy "as a constructive first step" but said ministers must show the "necessary political will and leadership to achieve the aims over a sustained period of time".
She said the 30% target for Welsh medium education by 2031 and 40% by 2050 "even if achieved, is unlikely to be enough" and that the "challenge to the language" stood "side by side with the challenge of defeating poverty".
"In order for the language to survive and thrive, the Welsh Government must ensure that appropriate economic and social conditions exist throughout our nation so that Welsh speakers can stay or return to Welsh speaking communities," she said.
UKIP said it supported the target but warned that if ministers did not put the interests of "parents and communities first" they risked "alienating monoglot English speaking communities".
The campaign group Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg (Welsh Language Society) claimed the strategy was "weak" and that its measures did not go far enough.
Toni Schiavone, chair of the society's education group, said:  "The content of the government's language strategy is far from sufficient if we are to reach a million Welsh speakers.
"Indeed, the targets are lower than those in the strategy they announced seven years ago."
Mr Sciavone said it was also "surprising" there was no mention of a previous government commitment to remove the distinction between Welsh and second language Welsh at GCSE level by 2021.
Carwyn Jones believes the heat and the divisions surrounding the Welsh language have been consigned to the history books.
This strategy is likely to put that view to the test in a number of communities.
There is no major new funding, so any rise in Welsh-medium education will have to be matched by a corresponding reduction in capacity in English-language schools.
How controversial that proves depends on the role of local authorities who will be crucial in the entire process.
The Welsh Government's "hearts and minds" approach will have to be prepared to deal with complaints that Welsh-medium education is getting the lion's share of new funding.
One of the central pillars of the argument from ministers is that this is not a central government diktat, but a response to the increase in demand for Welsh-medium education across many different communities.


There has been a worrying rise in the number of working-age men and women having strokes, a charity has warned.

In England in 2014 there were 6,221 hospital admissions for men aged 40-54 - a rise of 1,961 on 14 years earlier, a Stroke Association study shows.
Experts said unhealthy lifestyles were partly to blame for the rise, though the growing population and changes to hospital practice also played a part.
Overall the rate of strokes is going down in the UK, however.
Researchers say based on their findings strokes should not be considered as a disease of the old.
Strokes are caused by blood clots or bleeds to the brain and can lead to long-lasting disability.
The majority occur in people aged over 65, and though rates are decreasing in this group, this report suggests growing numbers of younger people are at risk.
Experts analysed national hospital admission data spanning 2000 to 2014.
Trends for people in their 40s and early 50s appeared to be getting worse.
In women aged 40-54, there were an extra 1,075 strokes recorded in 2014, compared with 2000.
Experts said growing obesity levels, sedentary lives and unhealthy diets - which raise the risks of dangerous blood clots - all played a part.
And they argued strokes among this age group had long-lasting personal and financial impacts on individuals and their families, as well as on the economy.
Recovering patients can find it difficult to return to work and should have more support from employers, the report suggests.
Jon Barrick, of the Stroke Association, said: "These figures show stroke can no longer be seen as a disease of older people.
"There is an alarming increase in the numbers of people having a stroke in working age.
"This comes at a huge cost, not only to the individual, but also to their families and to health and social care services."
Alastair Morely was 34 years old when he had a stoke on New Year's Day four years ago.
Talking to the BBC, he said: "I had an excruciating headache, was being sick, couldn't walk or talk very well."
It was was later found that Mr Morely had a heart condition which had triggered the stroke and after his rehabilitation the solicitor had a phased return to work.
"It was tough but I was lucky that I was young and my brain remapped around the damaged area,"  Mr Morely added.
Pete Rumbold, from Bromsgrove in Worcestershire, was 49 when he had a stroke in November 2011: "It left me paralysed down the left side, unable to speak, swallow or see."
He warned that there were no outward signs he was at risk: "I was very fit, in the gym six days a week and I eat healthily, but I had high blood pressure and didn't know about it."
"I hadn't been to the doctor for seven or eight years so my blood pressure wasn't checked for a long time."
The Stroke Association said that even younger people should be aware of the warning signs such as dizziness, difficulties with speech and changes in the face.
Dr Mike Knapton, at the British Heart Foundation charity, said the increase in stroke rates among younger men and women was worrying and needed to be taken seriously.
"These findings also highlight the importance of ensuring your blood pressure and cholesterol are under control, as well as having a health check at the age of 40," he said.
He added: "Although there is an increase in sedentary activity and obesity levels now, it is only part of this complex picture."
Things to consider:


Hygiene ratings for food outlets on Guernsey have been released to the public for the first time.

The five-star rating system is based on the results of routine inspections conducted by the Environmental Health Officers since September.
Guernsey's Deputy Health Minister Martin Storey said the "scores on the doors" rating allowed islanders more informed choices about where to eat.
He said previously the results were only seen by the food outlets.
Deputy Storey said: "It's the right the public should know the results as well.
"It's ideal for this island where we have so many restaurants... the most important thing is to have the scores on the doors - it's what the customer sees.
"It's an incentive for people who are handling food to make sure their standards are up to scratch."
Tobin Cook, deputy environmental health officer, said it had been brought in after monitoring a similar system in the UK from which it was adapted.
He said: "There'll always be a small number of businesses which aren't operating to the required standards... the public should be able to make their own choices on whether they see fit to eat there."
The system will be extended to all Bailiwick food outlets once their routine inspections have taken place.


A 30-year-old man has been charged with murder after a man died following an assault in a Carmarthenshire town.

Simon Lee Bell, 22, was taken to hospital after an incident in Dillwyn Street, Llanelli, on Friday and later died.
Wesley Jones has been remanded in custody to appear at Llanelli Magistrates' Court on Wednesday.
A 52-year-old man arrested in connection with the incident has been bailed pending further enquiries.


The Red Arrows wowed the crowd on each of the thee days of the Sunderland International Airshow.

Despite inclement weather, including heavy rain on Saturday, the event at the Seaburn and Roker seafronts attracted thousands of visitors.
They were treated to aerobatic displays, the RAF Falcons parachute team and wing walkers.
Now in its 29th year, the three-day event is thought to be the biggest free annual airshow in Europe.