Unlike most other powers of the parliament , laws made under the appropriations power are not ordinarily susceptible to effective legal challenge .

Unlike most other powers of the parliament , laws made under this power can not usually be challenged .


Au cœur du stade ( meaning At the Heart of the Stadium ) is a live album by Canadian singer Céline Dion , released on August 27 , 1999 .

Au cœur du stade ( English : At the Heart of the Stadium ) is a live album by Canadian singer Céline Dion .


Many animals make their home around the Okinawa islands .


The island of Okinawa was the site of most of the ground warfare in the Battle of Okinawa during World War II , when American Army and Marine Corps troops fought a long and bloody battle to capture Okinawa , so it could next be used as the major air force and troop base for the planned invasion of Japan .

Okinawa was the site of the last big battle of World War II , the Battle of Okinawa .


It tells the story of a lonely woman in 19th century Russia , who falls in love with one of her husband 's workers and is driven to murder .

The opera tells the story of a lonely woman in 19th century Russia , who falls in love with one of her husband 's servants and is driven to murder .


A drunken peasant breaks into the cellar , finds Zinovy 's body and goes to fetch the police .

A peasant finds Zinovy 's body in the cellar and goes to fetch the police .


The work incorporates elements of expressionism and verismo .

Some of the music is influenced by Expressionism and verismo .


After being condemned by an anonymous article ( sometimes attributed to Joseph Stalin ) in Pravda , the Communist Party newspaper , it was banned in the Soviet Union for almost thirty years .

After being condemned by Stalin it was banned in the Soviet Union for almost thirty years .


It was first performed on 24 January 1934 at the Leningrad Maly Operny .

It was first performed on 22 January 1934 at the Leningrad Maly Theatre .


Katerina and Sergei prepare to get married , but she is tormented by the fact that Zinovy 's corpse is hidden in the wine cellar .

Katerina and Sergei kill Zinovy and hide his body in the cellar .


Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District ( Russian : Леди Макбет Мценского уезда , Ledi Makbet Mtsenskogo Uyezda ) is an opera in four acts by Dmitri Shostakovich , his Op .29 .

Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District ( Russian : Леди Макбет Мценского уезда ) is an opera by the Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich .


Scene 5 : Katerina 's room Katerina and Sergei are together .


He held the official FIDE world title until 1993 , when a dispute with FIDE led him to set up a rival organization , the Professional Chess Association .

He held the official FIDE world title until 1993 , when an argument with FIDE led him to set up a rival company , the Professional Chess Association .


Kasparov became the youngest ever undisputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at age 22 by defeating then-champion Anatoly Karpov .

Kasparov became the youngest undisputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at the age of 22 .


Executive monarchies : Bhutan , Bahrain , Jordan , Kuwait , Liechtenstein , Monaco , Morocco , Tonga , Swaziland and the United Arab Emirates .

Contemporary constitutional monarchies include the United Kingdom and Commonwealth realms , Belgium , Bhutan , Bahrain , Cambodia , Denmark , Japan , Jordan , Kuwait , Liechtenstein , Lesotho , Luxembourg , Malaysia , Monaco , Morocco , the Netherlands , Norway , Spain , Swaziland , Sweden , and Thailand .


There are currently 44 monarchies , and most of them are constitutional monarchies .

Constitutional monarchy is a form of government .


Human anatomy , physiology and biochemistry are complementary basic medical sciences , which are generally taught to medical students in their first year at medical school .

Human anatomy , physiology and biochemistry are similar basic medical sciences .


Anatomy is the scientific study of the structure of living things including their systems , organs , and tissues .

Anatomy is the study of the bodies of living beings .


It applies to employees engaged in interstate commerce or employed by an enterprise engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce , unless the employer can claim an exemption from coverage .

The statute applies to employees engaged in interstate commerce or employed by a business engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce , unless the employer can claim an exemption from these requirements .


In 1938 a revised version of Black 's proposal was passed that adopted an eight-hour day and a forty-hour workweek and allowed workers to earn wage for an extra four hours of overtime as well .

In 1938 a revised version of Black 's proposal was passed that adopted an eight-hour day and a forty-hour workweek .


Children under eighteen can not do certain dangerous jobs , and children under the age of sixteen can not work during school hours .

Children under eighteen can not do certain dangerous jobs .


The FLSA was originally drafted in 1932 by Senator Hugo Black , who was later appointed to the Supreme Court in 1937 .

The FLSA was originally written in 1932 by Senator Hugo Black .


There were 700,000 workers affected by the FLSA , and Roosevelt called it the most important piece of New Deal legislation passed since the Social Security Act of 1935 .

There were 700,000 workers affected by the FLSA .


Some sites could not be moved because of their location , size , or design .

But some historic sites can not be moved because of their location , size , or design .


One is that sedimentation projections are not agreed upon , and the other is that the dam sits on a seismic fault .

It is also possible that the dam sits on a seismic fault .


The 14 north side main generators are in operation .

Of the 32 main generators , 14 generators are on the north side of the dam .


The ship lift is designed to be capable of lifting ships of up to 3,000 tons .

There is also a `` ship lift '' ( an elevator for ships ) that can lift ships that weigh up to 3,000 tons .


The first ( No. 2 ) started on July 10 , 2003 .

The first one to begin making electricity ( Generator No. 2 ) started on July 10 , 2003 .


Construction started on December 14 , 1994 .

However , the dam was accepted by the government , and on December 14 , 1994 , construction began .


Among those 32 main generators , 14 are installed in the north side of the dam , 12 in the south side , and the remaining six in the underground power plant in the mountain south of the dam .


The Three Gorges Dam is a hydroelectric dam that spans the Yangtze River by the town of Sandouping , located in Yiling District , Yichang , Hubei province , China .

The Three Gorges Dam ( Chinese : 长江三峡大坝 ) is a dam in the Three Gorges region on the Yangtze River in Sandouping , in the country of China .


In chemistry , chirality usually refers to molecules .

In chemistry , chirality refers to molecules .


The symmetry of a molecule ( or any other object ) determines whether it is chiral .

The symmetry of a molecule ( or any other object ) tells us whether it is chiral .


Two mirror images of a chiral molecule are called enantiomers or optical isomers .

Chemists call these enantiomers or optical isomers .


Human hands are perhaps the most universally recognized example of chirality : the left hand is a non-superposable mirror image of the right hand ; no matter how the two hands are oriented , it is impossible for all the major features of both hands to coincide .

The left hand is a mirror image of the right hand .


Other regions of the world have cold deserts , including areas of the Himalayas and other high altitude areas in other parts of the world .

Other regions of the world have cold deserts too , for instance high altitude areas like the Himalayas .


One of the driest places on Earth is the Atacama Desert .

The driest hot desert in the world is the Atacama Desert in South America .


Antarctica is the world 's largest cold desert ( composed of about 98 % thick continental ice sheet and 2 % barren rock ) .

Antarctica is the world 's largest cold desert .


Jerboas , desert rats , kangaroo rats and other small rodents emerge from their burrows at night and so do the foxes , coyotes , jackals and snakes that prey on them .

Examples of animals that live in hot deserts are lizards , small rodents , snakes , and camels .


The most common types of couches are the loveseat , designed for seating two persons , and the sofa , with two or more cushion seats .

The most common types of couches that are easy to see in any house are the `` love seats '' or the `` sofa '' .


In homes , couches are normally found in the family room , living room , den , sitting room or the lounge .

Couches are normally found in the livingroom or in front of the TV .


His first film was The Suspect in 1916 .

Frank 's first movie was The Suspect in 1916 .


Frank Morgan ( born Frank Phillip Wuppermann ; June 1 , 1890 - September 18 , 1949 ) was an American actor .

Frank Morgan ( June 1 , 1890 - September 18 , 1949 ) was an American actor .


He has 2 stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for motion pictures at 1708 Vine Street and for radio at 6700 Hollywood Boulevard in Hollywood , California .

He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1708 Vine Street .


Morgan married Alma Muller ( 1895-1970 ) in 1914 ; they had one son .


Morgan died of a heart attack on September 18 , 1949 , while filming Annie Get Your Gun ( replaced by Louis Calhern ) .

He died of a heart attack on September 18 , 1949 .


Louis XII ( 27 June 1462 - 1 January 1515 ) was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504 .

Louis XII of France ( June 27 , 1462 - January 1 , 1515 ) was the son of Charles , Duke of Orleans and Mary of Cleves .


Sportverein Grödig is an Austrian association football club from Grödig .

SV Grödig is an Austrian football club from Grödig near Salzburg , Austria .


The team currently competes in the Austrian Bundesliga , the highest league in Austrian football .

The team plays in the Austrian First League , the second highest league in Austrian football .


Many processes designed to preserve food will involve a number of food preservation methods .

Food preservation is the name for a number of processes that help to preserve food .


Its symbol , the red rose , is from the House of Lancaster .

The city 's symbol , the red rose , is from the House of Lancaster .


The first paved road in the United States was the former Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike , which makes up part of the present-day U.S. Route 30 .

The first paved road in the United States was the former Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike ( which makes up part of the present-day U.S. Route 30 ) .


The city is located about 34 miles ( 55 km ) southeast of Harrisburg , 70 miles ( 110 km ) west of Philadelphia , 55 miles ( 89 km ) north-northeast of Baltimore and 87 miles ( 140 km ) northeast of Washington , D.C. .

The city is located about 34 miles ( 55 km ) southeast of Harrisburg , 70 miles ( 110 km ) west of Philadelphia , 55 miles ( 89 km ) north-northeast of Baltimore and 87 miles ( 140 km ) north of Washington , D.C. .


Lancaster was capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812 , after which the capital was moved to Harrisburg .

Lancaster was capital of Pennsylvania again from 1799 to 1812 , after which the capital was moved to Harrisburg .


In 1851 , the current Lancaster County Prison was built in the city , styled after Lancaster Castle in England .

In 1737 , the Lancaster County Prison was built in the city , styled after Lancaster Castle in England .


The Fulton Opera House in the city was named for Lancaster native Robert Fulton , a renaissance man who created the first fully functional steamboat .

The Fulton Opera House in the city was named for Lancaster native Robert Fulton , who had designed the modern steamboat .


After meeting one day , they moved still farther away , to York , Pennsylvania .

After the Continental Congress met one day , they moved still farther away , to York , Pennsylvania .


Lancaster is located at 40 ° 02 ' 23 '' North , 76 ° 18 ' 16 '' West ( 40.039860 , − 76.304366 ) , and is 368 feet ( 112 m ) above sea level .

Lancaster is located at 40 ° 02 ' 23 '' North , 76 ° 18 ' 16 '' West ( 40.039860 , -76.304366 ) , and is 368 feet ( 112 m ) above sea level .


Lancaster residents are known to use the word `` macadam '' in lieu of pavement or asphalt .

Lancaster residents are known to use the word , `` macadam '' , instead of `` pavement '' or `` asphalt '' .


With a population of 59,322 , it ranks eighth in population among Pennsylvania 's cities .


Originally called Hickory Town , the city was renamed after the English town of Lancaster by native John Wright .

Its first leader , John Wright , renamed the city after his home English city of Lancaster .


Opened in 1795 , the Turnpike connected the cities of Lancaster and Philadelphia , and was designed by a Scottish engineer named John Loudon McAdam .

The Turnpike connected the cities of Lancaster and Philadelphia , and was designed by a Scottish engineer named John Loudon MacAdam .


During the American Revolution , it was briefly the capital of the colonies on September 27 , 1777 , when the Continental Congress fled Philadelphia , which had been captured by the British .

When the British captured Philadelphia in the American Revolution , Lancaster became the capital of the colonies on September 27 , 1777 .


The city 's primary industries include healthcare , tourism , public administration , manufacturing , both professional and semi-professional services , and home of the Park City Center shopping mall , the largest indoor retail facility in the region .

The city 's primary industries include healthcare , tourism , manufacturing , and professional services .


Lancaster ( local \ / ˈlæŋkɨstər \ / ; Pennsylvania Dutch : Lengeschder ) is a city located in South Central Pennsylvania which serves as the seat of Pennsylvania 's Lancaster County and one of the older inland towns in the United States , ( along with Springfield , Massachusetts ; Petersburg , Virginia ; Schenectady , New York , and several other early settlements ) .

It is one of the older inland cities in the United States .


The prison remains in use , and was used for public hangings until 1912 .

Public hangings were conducted there until 1912 .


The Lancaster metropolitan area population is 507,766 , making it the 101st largest metropolitan area in the US and 2nd largest in the South Central Pennsylvania area .

The Lancaster metropolitan area population is 507,766 .


Willy Brandt was born Herbert Ernst Carl Frahm in the Free City of Lübeck ( German Empire ) on 18 December 1913 .

He was born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm on 18 December 1913 in Lübeck Germany .


In 1971 , Brandt received the Nobel Peace Prize for his work in improving relations with East Germany , Poland , and the Soviet Union .

In 1971 , he got the Nobel Peace Prize for his politics .


The film was directed by Aziz Mirza and stars Shahrukh Khan and Juhi Chawla focuses on the media war being fought in the TV newsrooms .

The movie stars Shahrukh Khan and Juhi Chawla in main roles .


Housecleaning is done to make the home look better and be safer and easier to live in .

When used as a big word , housecleaning is making a group of people be good .


Various tools have been invented for dust removal ; Feather and lamb 's wool dusters , cotton and polyester dust cloths , furniture spray , disposable paper `` dust cloths '' , dust mops for smooth floors and vacuum cleaners .

Some cleaning tools are the following : tote bag , trash bag , dish tray , whisk broom , dust pan , vacuum cleaner , dust cloth , stepladder , window towel , laundry bags , washing machine , dryer , laundry basket , dish washer , sponge , towels , bucket , mop , rubber gloves , tub brush , and toilet swab .


Fernando Alonso Díaz ( born 29 July 1981 in Oviedo , Asturias , Spain ) is a Spanish Formula One racing driver and a two-time World Champion who is currently racing for Scuderia Ferrari .

Fernando Alonso Díaz ( born July 29 , 1981 in Oviedo , Spain ) is a racing driver in Formula One .


Sally Beamish ( born 26 August 1956 ) is a British composer and violist .

Sally Beamish ( born London , 26 August 1956 ) is an English composer .


She has written a large amount of music for orchestra , including two symphonies and several concertos ( for violin , viola , cello , oboe , saxophone , saxophone quartet , trumpet , percussion , flute and accordion ) .

She has also written concertos for the flute , viola , saxophone , percussion and accordion and is planning to write concertos for viola ( her third ) , saxophone quartet and cello .


Her works include chamber , vocal , choral and orchestral music .

She has written music for orchestra , chamber music , vocal and choral music .


, Mission : Impossible II , Star Wars Episode II , Star Wars Episode III , and Superman Returns .

, Mission Impossible II , Star Wars Episode II , Star Wars Episode III and Superman Returns .


The studio has been involved in the production of a number of blockbusters , including The Matrix , Moulin Rouge !

Since opening in May 1998 , the studio has been involved in the production of a number of successful movies , including The Matrix , Moulin Rouge !


Fox Studios Australia is a major movie studio in Sydney , occupying the site of the former Sydney Showground at Moore Park .

Fox Studios Australia is a major movie studio in Sydney , Australia .


Deformation in continuum mechanics is the transformation of a body from a reference configuration to a current configuration .

In engineering mechanics , deformation is a change in shape that is result of a force that influences the object .


Mount Kisco is a community that is both a village and a town in Westchester County , New York , United States .

Mount Kisco is a village and a town in Westchester County , in the state of New York .


According to the United States Census Bureau , the village has a total area of 3.1 square miles ( 8.1 km ² ) , all of it land .

The village has more than 10,000 people , who live in an area of 3.1 square miles .


The Town of Mount Kisco is coterminous with the village .

In 1978 , it joined with several other small villages to form the town of Mount Kisco .


He had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder in 1980 .

He was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in 1980 .


Abbot Howard `` Abbie '' Hoffman ( November 30 , 1936 - April 12 , 1989 ) was an American political and social activist who co-founded the Youth International Party ( `` Yippies '' ) .

Abbot Howard `` Abbie '' Hoffman ( November 30 , 1936 - April 12 , 1989 ) was an American social and political activist .


The sound also appears as an allophone of the labialized voiceless alveolar stop \ / tʷ \ / of Abkhaz and Ubykh , but in those languages it is more often realized by a doubly articulated stop ( t͡p ) .

The sound also appears as an allophone of the labialized voiceless alveolar plosive \ / tʷ \ / of Abkhaz and Ubykh , but in those languages it is more often realized by a doubly articulated stop ( t͡p ) .


In many of the languages where the bilabial trill occurs , it only occurs as part of a prenasalized bilabial stop with trilled release , ( mbʙ ) .

In many of the languages that contains bilabial trill , it only occurs as part of a prenasalised bilabial stop with trilled release , ( mbʙ ) .


The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is 〈 ʙ 〉 , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is B \ .


The bilabial trill is a type of consonantal sound , used in some spoken languages .

Features of the bilabial trill : These are some examples where the bilabial trill is used in various languages :


Accompanist is one who plays an accompaniment .

If one instrument accompanies another , the person who plays the accompaniment is an accompanist .


Instruments commonly used to play chords , also called harmonic accompaniment , include the acoustic or electric guitar , piano , organ and electronic keyboards .

Guitars and electric keyboards are often used for accompaniment .


Rangpur was one of the oldest municipality in Bangladesh , which was established in the year 1869 .

Rangpur is one of the major cities in Bangladesh .


Earlier Rangpur was the headquarters of Greater Rangpur district .

Rangpur used to be the headquarter of Greater Rangpur district .


Recently established public university of Bangladesh named as `` Begum Rokeya University , Rangpur '' is situated in the southern part of the city .

A public university `` Begum Rokeya University , Rangpur '' was recently started in the southern part of the city .


The Municipality is located in the north western part of Bangladesh and considered as the center of northwestern Bangladesh .

Rangpur is the center of northwestern Bangladesh .


EastEnders has won six BAFTA Awards , as well as ten National Television Awards for `` Most Popular Serial Drama '' and ten awards for `` Best Soap '' at the British Soap Awards .


EastEnders two main rival 's are ITV soaps Coronation Street and Emmerdale .

The program is a rival of Coronation Street and Emmerdale .


One of the earliest companies to take advantage of mineral resources around Ripley was the Butterley Company .

One of the earliest companies to take advantage of mineral resources around Ripley was the Butterley Company in 1790 .


Coordinates : 53 ° 03 ′ 01 ″ N 1 ° 24 ′ 28 ″ W \ / 53.0502 ° N 1.4077 ° W \ / 53.0502 ; -1.4077 Ripley is a town in the Amber Valley borough of Derbyshire , England .

Coordinates : 53 ° 03 ′ 01 ″ N 1 ° 24 ′ 28 ″ W \ / 53.0502 ° N 1.4077 ° W \ / 53.0502 ; -1.4077 Ripley is a town in the English county of Derbyshire .


One of the early , and most well-known , examples of the work of the company includes the graceful arched roof of St. Pancras Station in London , recently restored to great critical acclaim as an international rail terminal .

One of the early , and most well known , examples of the work of the company includes the graceful arched roof of St. Pancras Station in London , recently restored as an international rail terminal .


The Ripley area has been industrialised since the late 18th century .

The Ripley area has been industrialized since the late 18th century .


Corn was ground at the mill owned by the Abbot of Darley and in 1291 there were `` two water-mills with fish ponds '' in Ripley .

In 1291 there were `` two water-mills with fish ponds '' in Ripley .


Recent major Butterley achievements were the design and construction of the Falkirk Wheel , a spectacular canal boat lift funded by the Millennium Commission and the Spinnaker Tower seen in Portsmouth Harbour as the focus of the Regeneration of Portsmouth Harbour .

A recent Butterley achievement was the design and construction of the Falkirk Wheel which lifts large canal boats .


Not much information is available as to when Ripley was founded , but it existed at the time of the Domesday Book , when it was held by a man called Levenot .

Ripley existed in 1086 when it was held by a man called Levenot .


The male African forest elephant rarely exceeds 2.5 m ( 8 ft ) in height , while the African bush elephant is usually over 3 m ( just under 10 ft ) and sometimes almost 4 m ( 13 ft ) tall .

The male African forest elephant rarely grows more than 2.5 metres ( 8 ft ) in height , while the African bush elephant is usually over 3 metres ( just under 10 feet ) and sometimes almost 4 metres ( 13 ft ) tall .


With regard to the number of toenails , the African bush elephant normally has four toenails on the forefoot and three on the hindfoot ; the African forest elephant normally has five toenails on the forefoot and four on the hindfoot ( like the Asian elephant ) , but hybrids between the two species occur .

The African bush elephant normally has 4 toenails on the frontfoot and 3 on the hindfoot , the African forest elephant normally has 5 toenails on the frontfoot and 4 on the hindfoot ( like the Asian elephant ) .


Differences include the African forest elephant 's long , narrow mandible ( the African bush elephant 's is short and wide ) , its rounded ears ( an African bush elephant 's ears are more pointed ) , straighter and downward tusks , considerably smaller size , and number of toenails .

The differences include that the African forest elephant has a long , narrow mandible ( the African bush elephant 's is short and wide ) , it has rounded ears ( an African bush elephant 's ears are more pointed ) , straighter and downward tusks , smaller size , and more toenails .


The African forest elephant is a herbivore , and commonly eats leaves , fruit , and bark , with occasional visits to mineral licks .

The African forest elephant is a herbivore ( plant eater ) and commonly eats leaves , grass , fruit , and bark , and sometimes visits to places where it can lick salt .


The African forest elephant is a forest-dwelling elephant of the Congo Basin .

The African forest elephant ( Loxodonta cyclotis ) is an elephant which lives in the forests of the Congo Basin .


The disputed pygmy elephants of the Congo Basin , often assumed to be a separate species ( Loxodonta pumilio ) by cryptozoologists , are probably forest elephants whose diminutive size or early maturity is due to environmental conditions .

Pygmy elephants of the Congo basin are sometimes said to be a different species ( Loxodonta pumilio ) .


The theory of relativity was representative of more than a single new physical theory .


The theory of relativity , or simply relativity in physics , usually encompasses two theories by Albert Einstein : special relativity and general relativity .

The first is special relativity and the second is general relativity .


He was born in Celle Ligure , a town near Savona .

Della Rovere was born in Celle Ligure , a town near Savona in Liguria .


Pope Sixtus IV ( Latin : Xystus IV ; 21 July 1414 - 12 August 1484 ) , born Francesco della Rovere , was Pope from 9 August 1471 to his death in 1484 .

Pope Sixtus IV ( Latin : Xystus Quartus ; 21 July 1414 - 12 August 1484 ) , originally Francesco della Rovere , was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 213th Pope from 1471 until his death in 1484 .


As a young man Della Rovere joined the Franciscan Order , an unlikely choice for a political career , and his intellectual qualities were revealed while he was studying philosophy and theology at the University of Pavia .

As a young man , he joined the Franciscan Order .


It was also in the VOYA Top Shelf Fiction List and was the winner of the Red House Children 's Book Award Winner ( UK ) , 2006 ; Askews Torchlight Award ( UK ) , 2006 ; and the Mark Twain Award ( Missouri Association of School Librarians ) , 2008 .

It was also in the VOYA Top Shelf Fiction List , and was the Red House Children 's Book Award Winner ( UK ) , 2006 , Askews Torchlight Award ( UK ) , 2006 , and the Mark Twain Award ( Missouri Association of School Librarians ) , 2008 .


It is written in a `` fast-paced humorous style '' .

It is written in a fast-paced , humorous style .


The film is titled Percy Jackson & the Olympians : The Lightning Thief and was released in the United States on February 12 , 2010 .

The movie is titled Percy Jackson & the Olympians : The Lightning Thief and was first shown in the United States on February 12 , 2010 .


Alexandra Daddario plays Annabeth while Jake Abel was cast as Luke Castellan .

Alexandra Daddario played the role of Annabeth while Jake Abel was cast as Luke Castellan .


Kirkus magazine said , `` the narrator 's voice lends a refreshing air of realism to this riotously paced quest tale of heroism that questions the realities of our world , family , friendship and loyalty '' .

Kirkus said in their review , `` the narrator 's voice lends a refreshing air of realism to this riotously paced quest tale of heroism that questions the realities of our world , family , friendship and loyalty '' .


It received the Young Reader 's Choice Award in 2008 and the Rebecca Caudill Young Reader 's Book Award in 2009 .

It received the Rebecca Caudill Young Readers ' Book Award in 2009 .


On June 28 , 2005 , a 10 hour and 25 minute audio book version , read by actor Jesse Bernstein , was published worldwide by Listening Library .

On June 28 , 2005 , a 10 hour 25 minute audio book version of The Lightning Thief , read by actor Jesse Bernstein , was published worldwide by Listening Library .


The sequel to this novel is The Sea of Monsters .

The sequel to this book is The Sea of Monsters .


AudioFile Magazine praised the audiobook , `` adults and children alike will be spellbound as they listen to this deeply imaginative tale unfold . ''

AudioFile Magazine praised the audiobook , saying both adults and children will be `` spellbound '' when they listen to `` this deeply imaginative tale unfold . ''


It was an American Library Association Notable Book , 2006 and a New York Times Notable Book ( 2005 ) .

It was an ALA Notable Book , 2006 and a New York Times Notable Book ( 2005 ) .


In June 2004 , 20th Century Fox acquired the feature film rights to the book .

In June 2007 , 20th Century Fox acquired feature movie rights to the book .


After it was released on July 28 , 2005 , it sold over 1.2 million copies .

After it was published on July 28 , 2005 it sold over 1.2 million copies .


In April 2007 director Chris Columbus was hired to helm the project .

In April 2007 , director Chris Columbus was hired to helm the project .


Logan Lerman is Percy Jackson and Brandon T. Jackson is Grover Underwood , the satyr .

Logan Lerman acted as Percy Jackson , Brandon T. Jackson as Grover Underwood , the satyr .


It was adapted into a film named Percy Jackson & the Olympians : The Lightning Thief which was released in the United States on February 12 , 2010 .

It was made into a movie named Percy Jackson and the Olympians : The Lightning Thief .


The Lightning Thief was the winner of the School Library Journal Best Book of 2005 as well one of the books in the Chicago Public Library Best of the Best Books List , 2005 .

The Lightning Thief was the winner of the School Library Journal Best Book of 2005 .


The Lightning Thief uses some aspects of Greek mythology in a modern setting .

The Lightning Thief is a fantasy\/adventure novel which uses the ideas of ancient Greek mythology in today 's world .


The book has sold over 1.2 million copies in the subsequent four years , appearing on The New York Times children 's Best Seller list and being listed as one of the Young Adult Library Services Association 's Best Books for Young Adults , among other awards .

Among other awards , it was also one of the Young Adult Library Services Association 's Best Books for Young Adults .


It is the first novel in the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series , which charts the adventures of modern-day twelve-year-old Percy Jackson as he discovers he is a demigod , the son of a mortal woman and the Greek god Poseidon .

It is the first book in the Percy Jackson & The Olympians series .


The Lightning Thief is a 2005 fantasy-adventure novel based on Greek mythology , the first young adult novel written by Rick Riordan , known for his Percy Jackson novel series .

The Lightning Thief is a 2005 fantasy\/adventure novel based on Greek mythology .


Riordan had been a Greek mythology teacher in middle school for many years and was able to remember enough stories to please his son .

Riordan had a Greek mythology teacher in middle school .


Development for both The Lightning Thief and the Percy Jackson series began when Riordan began making stories for his son Haley who had been diagnosed with ADHD and dyslexia .

Planning for both The Lightning Thief and the series began when Riordan started making up stories for his son , Haley , who was found to have ADHD and dyslexia a short time before .


But because Percy returned the Helm of Darkness back to Hades , Hades returned Percy 's mother to him .

Ares gives Percy the Helm of Darkness , which Percy gives back to Hades .


Percy and his friends Annabeth Chase and Grover Underwood ( On various pages throughout the book ) go on a quest to prevent a war between the gods Zeus , Poseidon and Hades .

Percy and his friends go on a quest ( adventure ) so that a war between the Greek gods Zeus , Poseidon and Hades will not happen .


The book was released in multiple versions including hardcover , paperback , and audio editions and has been translated into multiple languages and published all over the world .

It has been translated into multiple languages and published all over the world .


While he gave his manuscript to his agent and editor to review , Riordan took his book to a group of 6th , 7th , and 8th graders to read and give their critique .

He gave his manuscript to his agent and editor to review .


His son had been studying Greek mythology in second grade and asked that his father come up with bedtime stories based on Greek myths .

He had started studying Greek mythology ( stories ) in second grade and wanted his father to tell him bedtime stories about them .


The Oracle at the Camp tells Percy to find the stolen master lightning bolt of Zeus , since Zeus blames Percy for stealing it .

Percy is then told to find Zeus 's master lightning bolt , which Chiron thinks Hades stole .


The Lightning Thief was sold at auction to Miramax Books and published in June , 2005 .

The Lightning Thief was first bought by Bantam Books in 1997 , then sold to Miramax Books .


You shall find what was stolen and see it safely returned Percy later finds Zeus ' Master Bolt in a backpack given to him by Ares .

Percy now knows that Ares has tricked him when he finds the bolt in his backpack .


Luke tries to kill Percy by calling on a pit scorpion , but Percy manages to kill it .

He calls out a poisonous scorpion which stings and nearly kills Percy .


An image of Weyland adorns the Franks Casket , an Anglo-Saxon royal hoard box and was meant there to refer to wealth and partnership .

His picture adorns the Franks Casket , an Anglo-Saxon royal box and was meant there to refer to wealth and partnership .


The name Hengest means `` stallion '' and Horsa means `` horse '' , reminiscent of the horse sacrifice connected to the inauguration of pagan kings .

The name Hengest means `` stallion '' and Horsa means `` horse '' ; the horse in the Anglo-Saxon mythology is an important symbol .


One of the most prominent surviving myths of the pagan Anglo-Saxons was that of the brothers Hengest and Horsa , who are named in historical sources as leaders of the earliest Anglo-Saxon incursions in the south of Britain .

Hengest and Horsa , who are named in historical sources as leaders of the earliest Anglo-Saxon raids and settlements in the south , may also had deific status .


Polinesso then sends his agents to kill Dalinda , as the only witness to his plot .

Polinesso then sends his agents to kill Dalinda because she was the only witness to his plot .


The dying Polinesso confesses his guilt and Ginevra is pardoned by the King .

Polinesso confesses his guilt and dies .


Ariodante , having learned about Polinesso 's plot from Dalinda , now appears and offers himself as Ginevra 's champion .

Ariodante has learned about Polinesso 's plot from Dalinda .


Ariodante opened Handel 's first season at Covent Garden and successfully competed against the rival Opera of the Nobility , supported by the Prince of Wales .

It opened Handel 's first season at Covent Garden .


In the 1970s , the work began to be revived , and has come to be considered one of Handel 's finest operas .

It is thought to be one of Handel 's best operas .


The anonymous Italian libretto was based on a work by Antonio Salvi , which in turn was adapted from Canti 5 and 6 of Ludovico Ariosto 's Orlando Furioso .

The libretto was based on parts of Ludovico Ariosto 's Orlando Furioso .


Evaporation is an essential part of the water cycle .

Evaporation is a very essential part of the water cycle .


For example , Arab populations use the natural gum to make a chilled , sweetened , and flavored gelato-like dessert .


It was historically the source of the sugars arabinose and ribose , both of which were first discovered and isolated from it , and are named after it .

It was historically the source of the sugars arabinose and ribose , both of which were first discovered and isolated from it .


The historical photography process of gum bichromate photography uses gum arabic mixed with ammonium or potassium dichromate and pigment to create a colored photographic emulsion that becomes relatively insoluble in water upon exposure to ultraviolet light .

The historical photography process used gum arabic mixed with ammonium or potassium dichromate and pigment to create a colored photographic emulsion that becomes relatively insoluble in water upon exposure to ultraviolet light .


Gum arabic is a key ingredient in traditional lithography and is used in printing , paint production , glue , cosmetics and various industrial applications , including viscosity control in inks and in textile industries , although less expensive materials compete with it for many of these roles .

Gum arabic is a key ingredient in traditional lithography and is used in printing , paint production , glue , cosmetics and various industrial applications , including viscosity control in inks and in textile industries .


It is , however , still the world 's largest single producer , and the production of gum arabic is heavily controlled by the Sudanese government .

It is still the world 's largest single producer , and the production of gum arabic is heavily controlled by the Sudanese government .


Pigment of any color is suspended within the acacia gum in varying amounts , resulting in watercolor paint .

Pigment of any color is suspended in the acacia gum to get in watercolor paint .


Although from the 1950s to the early 1990s , Sudan accounted for roughly 80 % of gum arabic production , today , that figure is under 50 % .

From the 1950s to the early 1990s Sudan did about 80 % of gum arabic production .


Gum arabic is used primarily in the food industry as a stabilizer .

In food , gum arabic is used as a stabilizer .


Water acts as a vehicle or a diluent to thin the watercolor paint and helps to transfer the paint to a surface such as paper .

Water acts as a vehicle to thin the watercolor paint and helps to transfer the paint to a surface such as paper .


Gum arabic , also known as acacia gum , chaar gund , char goond , or meska , is a natural gum made of hardened sap taken from two species of the acacia tree ; Senegalia ( Acacia ) senegal and Vachellia ( Acacia ) seyal .

It is made of hardened sap from two species of acacia tree ; Senegalia ( Acacia ) senegal and Vachellia ( Acacia ) seyal .


The gum is harvested commercially from wild trees throughout the Sahel from Senegal to Somalia , although it has been historically cultivated in Arabia and West Asia .

The gum is got from wild trees throughout the Sahel from Senegal to Somalia .


Gum arabic has been used in the past as a wine fining agent .

Gum arabic has been used from ancient times as part of black ink .


, also known as McDonald 's Tokio Hot 100 , is the official music chart program of J-Wave and also the flagship program of the Japan FM League 's Hot 100 music chart series .

, also known as McDonald 's Tokio Hot 100 , is the official music chart program of J-Wave .


Michael Konsel ( born 6 March 1962 in Vienna ) is a retired Austrian football goalkeeper .

Michael Konsel ( born 6 March 1962 ) is a retired Austrian football player who played as goalkeeper in Austria and Italy .


As of April 2012 , Jessie J had sold over 11 million singles and 2.5 million albums , worldwide .

As of April 2012 , Jessie has sold over 11 million singles and 2.5 million albums worldwide .


Jessie J has garnered various awards and nominations for contributions to the music industry , including the 2011 Critics ' Choice BRIT Award and the BBC 's Sound of 2011 .

These include the 2011 Critics ' Choice BRIT Award and the BBC 's Sound of 2011 .


The seventh single released from Who You Are , `` LaserLight '' , became the album 's sixth top ten single , making her the first British female artist to have six top ten singles from a studio album .

She is the first British female artist to have six top ten singles on one album .


Jessie has also written lyrics for artists such as Chris Brown and Miley Cyrus , including `` Party in the U.S.A. '' .

Jessie J has written songs for other singers such as Chris Brown and Miley Cyrus .


Other releases from the album included `` Nobody 's Perfect '' , `` Who 's Laughing Now '' and `` Who You Are '' , which all charted within the top 20 in the UK .

Other singles from the album included `` Nobody 's Perfect '' , `` Who 's Laughing Now '' and `` Who You Are '' which charted within the top 20 in the UK but the release of fifth single `` Domino '' became international chart success , peaking at number 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming her second UK number one .


After signing with Universal Republic , Jessie J came to prominence following the release of her début single , `` Do It Like a Dude '' , which peaked at number two on the UK Singles Charts .

Jessie J became better known after the release of her debut single `` Do It Like a Dude '' which peaked at number two in the UK .


Born and brought up in London , England , she studied at the BRIT School before signing with Gut Records and striking a songwriting deal with Sony\/ATV Music Publishing where she wrote for artists including Chris Brown and Miley Cyrus .

She was born and raised in London where she studied at the BRIT School before signing with Gut Records .


The single charted at number two on the UK Singles Charts .

The album charted at number two in the UK .


Citing various influences , Jessie J is recognized for an unconventional musical and performance style that mixes soul vocals with contemporary R&B , pop , electropop , and hip-hop beats .

Jessie J is recognized for an unconventional musical and performing style .


The three founders were joined by William Michael Rossetti , James Collinson , Frederic George Stephens and Thomas Woolner to form the seven-member `` brotherhood '' .

The three founders were soon joined by William Michael Rossetti , James Collinson , Frederic George Stephens and Thomas Woolner to form a seven-member `` brotherhood '' .


In particular , the group objected to the influence of Sir Joshua Reynolds , founder of the English Royal Academy of Arts , whom they called `` Sir Sloshua '' .

In particular , they objected to the influence of Sir Joshua Reynolds , the founder of the English Royal Academy of Arts , whom they called `` Sir Sloshua '' .


The group 's debates were recorded in the Pre-Raphaelite Journal .

Their debates were recorded in the Pre-Raphaelite Journal .


Its members believed the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on the academic teaching of art , hence the name `` Pre-Raphaelite '' .

The Brotherhood believed that the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on the academic teaching of art .


In contrast , the brotherhood wanted a return to the abundant detail , intense colors and complex compositions of Quattrocento Italian art .

In contrast , they wanted to return to the abundant detail , intense colors , and complex compositions of Quattrocento Italian and Flemish art .


The group 's intention was to reform art by rejecting what it considered the mechanistic approach first adopted by Mannerist artists who succeeded Raphael and Michelangelo .

The group 's intention was to reform art by rejecting what they considered to be the ` mechanistic approach ' .


The group continued to accept the concepts of history painting and mimesis , imitation of nature , as central to the purpose of art .

The Pre-Raphaelites continued to accept the idea of history painting , and the imitation of nature , as central to the purpose of art .


The Pre-Raphaelites defined themselves as a reform movement , created a distinct name for their form of art , and published a periodical , The Germ , to promote their ideas .

Despite this , they were a reform movement : they created a distinct name for their form of art , and published a periodical , The Germ , to promote their ideas .


Increasing market share is one of the most important objectives of business .

Increasing market share is one of the most important objectives in business .


The main advantage of using market share as a measure of business performance is that it is less dependent upon macroenvironmental variables such as the state of the economy or changes in tax policy .

The main advantage of using market share is that it removes the effects of industry-wide macroenvironmental variables such as the state of the economy , or changes in tax policy .


Sometimes , though , one can use primary research to estimate the total market size and a company 's market share .

It is necessary to commission ( hire ) market research ( generally desk\/secondary research , although sometimes primary research ) to estimate the total market size and a company 's market share .


A lion ( or other beast ) coward carries the tail between its hind legs .

A lion ( or other beast ) coward carries its tail between its hind legs .


The following table summarizes the principal attitudes of heraldic lions : Other terms are used to describe the lion 's position in further detail .

The following table describes the different attitudes of heraldic lions : Other terms are used to describe the lion 's position in further detail .


The lion 's head is normally seen in agreement with the overall position , facing dexter ( left ) unless otherwise stated .

The lion 's head is normally seen in agreement with the overall position , ( facing left ) unless otherwise stated .


If his head only faces the viewer he is guardant or gardant , and if he looks back over his shoulder he is regardant .

If his head only faces the viewer he is guardant or gardant , and if he looks back over his shoulder ( body facing left but head turned to face right ) he is regardant .


It traditionally symbolises bravery , valor , strength and royalty , since traditionally , it is regarded as the king of beasts .

It traditionally symbolises bravery , valor , strength , and royalty .


Agent Orange is an American punk rock band formed in Orange County , California in 1979 .

Agent Orange is an American punk rock band .


According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 45.0 square miles ( 116.6 km ² ) of which 44.1 square miles ( 114.1 km ² ) is land and 0.9 square miles ( 2.4 km ² ) ( 2.07 % ) is water .

According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 45.0 square miles ( 116.6 km ² ) , of which , 44.1 square miles ( 114.1 km ² ) of it is land and 0.9 square miles ( 2.4 km ² ) of it ( 2.07 % ) is water .


Kingsport is commonly included in what is known as the Mountain Empire , which spans a portion of Southwest Virginia and the mountainous counties in Tennessee to the east .

It is part of what is known as the `` Mountain Empire , '' which includes a portion of southwest Virginia and the mountainous counties in Tennessee to the east .


Kingsport is a city in Sullivan , Hawkins and Washington counties in the State of Tennessee .

Kingsport is a city in Hawkins and Sullivan counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee .


Residents of Kingsport are served by the Kingsport City Schools public school system which operates eight elementary schools , two middle schools , and one high school .

People who live in Kingsport use the Kingsport City Schools public school system .


While no college or university houses its main campus within the city , these institutions have branch campuses in Kingsport : King , Lincoln Memorial , Milligan , Northeast State , Tusculum and Tennessee are all located in the Kingsport Center for Higher Education complex in downtown Kingsport .

While no college or university houses its main campus within the city , Northeast State Technical Community College , East Tennessee State University , and University of Tennessee have branch campuses in Kingsport .


In addition , Kingsport has eight private academies , most with religious affiliation .

Kingsport is also home to eight private academies .


Kingsport is the northwest terminus of Interstate 26 .

Kingsport is also the starting and ending point of Interstate 26 .


List of Kingsport city schools Douglass High School in Kingsport was one of the largest African-American high schools in the region when it closed for desegregation in 1966 .

The city is also part of Sullivan county which has 2 other high schools in Kingsport .


The next day , Irene made landfall on Cape Lookout , North Carolina as a category 1 hurricane with 85 mph winds with an unusually low pressure for a category 1 hurricane .


Coinciding with this , Gert reached its peak intensity with winds of 60 mph ( 100 km\/h ) .

Coinciding with this , Gert reached its peak strength with winds of 60 mph ( 100 km\/h ) .


The storm was of potential concern and was being monitored closely as it may have indirectly impacted the east coast of North America .

The storm was of potential concern and was being monitored closely as it may have indirectly impacted the east coast of the United States and Canada .


After weakening to a tropical storm , Irene made a second U.S. landfall at Brigantine Island in New Jersey at 5:35 a.m. On August 28 , still a strong tropical storm , Irene made its third U.S. landfall in the Coney Island area of Brooklyn , New York , at approximately 9:00 a.m. on August 28 .

After weakening to a tropical storm , Irene made a second U.S. landfall at Brigantine Island in New Jersey at 5:35 a.m. .


Its remnants struck Great Britain and Ireland on September 11 and 12 , killing one .

Its remnants struck the UK and the Republic of Ireland on September 11 and September 12 , killing one .


By late August 19 the storm was intensifying rapidly and it was announced that it could become a hurricane just before landfall .

By late August 19 the storm was strengthening rapidly and it was announced that it could become a hurricane just before landfall .


On October 6 , Philippe became a strong Category 1 hurricane .

It then became a category 1 hurricane on September 30 .


On September 1 , the storm organized into a tropical depression , very early that morning .

Tropical Depression Ten formed on August 25 .


On October 8 , Philippe weakened to a tropical storm , then became post-tropical later that day .

It weakened again to a tropical storm the next day and was no longer tropical on October 8 .


Later that day , Ophelia further strengthened into a Category 3 hurricane , becoming the third major hurricane of the season .

It then strengthen into a major hurricane .


As a result , Gert degenerated into a post-tropical cyclone over the open Atlantic .

As a result , Gert deteriorated into a post-tropical cyclone over the open Atlantic .


Early on August 24 , Irene became a Category 3 major hurricane , with winds of 120 mph ( 150 km\/h ) .

Irene then became the first major hurricane of the season as well .


An area of low pressure formed on the southern extent of a stalled cold front just off the East Coast of the United States on July 16 .

On July 16 , a low-pressure area formed north of the Bahamas .


On September 11 , Nate made landfall on the Mexican coastline as a weak tropical storm , with maximum sustained winds of 45 mph ( 75 km\/h ) .

Nate made landfall near the Mexican coastline .


At 0600 UTC on July 20 , the low developed into a tropical depression east of Bermuda .

Tropical Storm Cindy formed on July 20 , when it developed into a tropical depression east of Bermuda .


Tropical Storm Harvey moved into the coastline of Central America in mid-August , and three deaths were reported as a result .

Tropical Storm Harvey formed on August 18 .


A total of 22 deaths were reported in association with Tropical Storm Arlene .

The season started when Tropical Storm Arlene formed on June 29 .


Moving northwest , the tropical depression was upgraded to a tropical storm , given the name `` Lee '' on September 2 .

The Unnamed Tropical Storm formed on September 1 east of Boston , Massachusetts as a tropical depression .


Most Romance languages are null subject languages .

The Romance languages are a language family in the Indo-European languages .


The same system underlines many other modern Romance languages , such as Portuguese , French and Catalan .

The biggest Romance languages are Spanish , Portuguese , French , Italian , and Romanian .


The name Yehudi means `` Jew '' in Hebrew .

The name Yehudi means ` Jew ' in Hebrew .


He married Nola Nicholas , daughter of an Australian industrialist , and sister of Hephzibah Menuhin 's first husband Lindsay Nicholas .

He first married Nola Nicholas , daughter of an Australian industrialist , and sister of Hephzibah Menuhin 's first husband .


He is widely considered one of the greatest violinists of the 20th century .

He was one of the greatest violinists of the 20th century .


In 1983 Menuhin and Robert Masters founded the Yehudi Menuhin International Competition for Young Violinists .

In 1983 he founded together with Robert Masters the Yehudi Menuhin International Competition for Young Violinists .


His sisters were concert pianist and human rights worker Hephzibah Menuhin and pianist , painter and poet Yaltah Menuhin .

His sisters were Hephzibah Menuhin who became a pianist , and Yaltah Menuhin who became a pianist , painter and poet .


Yehudi Menuhin was born in New York City , United States , to Jewish parents from what is now Belarus .

Yehudi Menuhin was born in New York City , New York .


Menuhin and Gould had two sons , Gerard and Jeremy , a pianist .

They had two sons , Gerard and Jeremy , who became a pianist .


Through his father Moshe Menuhin , a former rabbinical student and anti-Zionist writer , he was descended from a distinguished rabbinical dynasty .

His father , Moshe Menuhin , had been a rabbinical student and anti-Zionist writer .


In 1991 Menuhin was awarded the prestigious Wolf Prize by the Israeli Government .

In 1991 he was given the Wolf Prize by the Israeli Government .


Menuhin died in Martin Luther Hospital , Berlin , Germany , from complications of bronchitis .

Lord Menuhin died in Berlin , Germany , from bronchitis .


In the Israeli Knesset he gave an acceptance speech in which he criticised Israel 's continued occupation of the West Bank : In 1977 Menuhin and Ian Stoutzker founded the charity Live Music Now , the largest outreach music project in the UK .

In the Israeli Knesset he gave a speech in which he criticised Israel 's occupation of the West Bank .


Soon after his death , the Royal Academy of Music acquired the Yehudi Menuhin Archive , which includes sheet music marked up for performance , correspondence , news articles and photographs relating to Menuhin , autograph musical manuscripts , and several portraits of Paganini .

Soon after his death , the Royal Academy of Music was given the Yehudi Menuhin Archive , a very large collection of musical books , letters etc. that had belonged to Yehudi Menuhin .


He performed for Allied soldiers during World War II and , accompanied on the piano by English composer Benjamin Britten , for the surviving inmates of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp after its liberation in April 1945 .

He was the first person to perform in the Paris Opéra after the war and he went with the composer Benjamin Britten to perform for the people who were prisoners in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp , after they were made free in April 1945 .


Yehudi Menuhin , Baron Menuhin , OM , KBE ( 22 April 1916 - 12 March 1999 ) was an American-born violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in the United Kingdom .

Yehudi Menuhin , Baron Menuhin , OM , KBE ( born New York , 22 April 1916 ; died Berlin 12 March 1999 ) was a violinist and conductor .


In 1962 , he established the Yehudi Menuhin School in Stoke d'Abernon , Surrey .

The school is in Stoke d'Abernon , Surrey , just south of London .


One of the more memorable later performances was of Edward Elgar 's Violin Concerto , which Menuhin had recorded with the composer in 1932 .

One of the most remarkable was a recording made in 1932 of Elgar 's Violin concerto .


In 1974 , he was made assistant conductor of the Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra .

In 1974 , he was made assistant conductor of the Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra , and in 1977 assistant conductor of the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic .


In May 2006 he was made an Honorary Fellow of the Society of Arts .

In May 2006 he was made an Honorary Member of the Society of Arts .


In 1992 , Rattle was named a Principal Guest Conductor of the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment ( OAE ) , along with Frans Brüggen .

In 1992 , Rattle was made Principal Guest Conductor of the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment ( OAE ) , together with Frans Brüggen .


He spent the academic year 1980\/81 at St Anne 's College , Oxford studying English Language and Literature .

He spent a year studying English Language and literature at St Anne 's College , Oxford .


Rattle made his conducting debut with the Berlin Philharmonic ( BPO ) in 1987 , in a performance of Gustav Mahler 's Symphony No. 6 .

The first time Rattle conducted the Berlin Philharmonic ( BPO ) was in 1987 when he gave a performance of Gustav Mahler 's Symphony No. 6 .


Rattle was awarded a CBE in 1987 and made a Knight Bachelor in 1994 .

Rattle was given the award of CBE in 1987 and made a Knight Bachelor in 1994 .


He gave his first concert as principal conductor of the BPO on 7 September 2002 , leading performances of Thomas Adès ' Asyla and Mahler 's Symphony No. 5 , performances which received rave reviews from the press worldwide and were recorded for CD and DVD release by EMI .

He gave his first concert as principal conductor of the BPO on 7 September 2002 , leading performances of Thomas Adès ' Asyla and Gustav Mahler 's Symphony No. 5 .


In 2001 , he conducted the OAE at Glyndebourne in their first production of Fidelio with a period-instrument orchestra .

In 2001 , Rattle conducted the OAE at Glyndebourne in their first production of Beethoven 's opera Fidelio with a period instrument orchestra .


His time with the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra ( CBSO ) from 1980 to 1998 drew him to the attention of critics and the public .

He spent 18 years as conductor of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra ( CBSO ) , from 1980 to 1998 .


In 1993 , Rattle made his conducting debut with The Philadelphia Orchestra .

In 1993 , Rattle conducted the Philadelphia Orchestra .


In 1999 , Rattle was appointed as successor to Claudio Abbado as the orchestra 's principal conductor .

In 1999 Rattle was made chief conductor of the orchestra when Claudio Abbado left .


He first conducted the Los Angeles Philharmonic ( LA Phil ) in 1979 during the music directorship of Carlo Maria Giulini , and was their Principal Guest Conductor from 1981-1994 .

In 1979 he conducted the Los Angeles Philharmonic ( LAP ) and was their Principal Guest Conductor from 1981-1994 .


In 1974 , his graduation year , Rattle won the John Player International Conducting Competition .

Three years later he won the John Player Conductor Competition .


One other major achievement during his time was the move of the CBSO from its former venue , Birmingham Town Hall , to a newly built concert hall , Symphony Hall , in 1991 .

The orchestra used to give their concerts at the Town Hall in Birmingham , but a new concert hall , the Symphony Hall , was opened in 1991 .


He entered the Royal Academy of Music , University of London , in 1971 .

He went to study at the Royal Academy of Music in London in 1971 .


Sir Simon Denis Rattle , OM CBE ( born 19 January 1955 ) , is an English conductor .

Sir Simon Denis Rattle CBE , ( born Liverpool , 19 January 1955 ) is an English conductor .


In the natural sciences , gradualism is the theory which holds that profound change is the cumulative product of slow but continuous processes , often contrasted with catastrophism .

In the natural sciences , gradualism is a theory which holds that profound change is the cumulative product of slow but continuous processes , often contrasted with catastrophism .


Tenets from both theories were applied to biology and formed the basis of early evolutionary theory .

It formed the basis of early evolutionary theory .


Charles Darwin was influenced by Lyell 's Principles of Geology , which explained both uniformitarian methodology and theory .

Charles Darwin was influenced by Lyell 's Principles of Geology .


The theory was proposed in 1795 by James Hutton , a Scottish physician and gentleman farmer , and was later incorporated into Charles Lyell 's theory of uniformitarianism .

The theory was proposed in 1795 by James Hutton , a Scottish physician and gentlemen farmer , and was later was the basis for Charles Lyell 's Principles of Geology .


It is a term coined by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge to contrast with their model of punctuated equilibrium , which is gradualist itself , but argues that most evolution is marked by long periods of evolutionary stability ( called stasis ) , which is punctuated by rare instances of branching evolution .

`` Phyletic gradualism '' is a term coined by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge to contrast with their model of punctuated equilibrium .


Gradualism , from Latin gradus ( `` step '' ) , is the belief in or the policy of change by gradual , often slow stages .

Gradualism is a process of change by gradual , slow stages .


Tracy Chapman ( born March 30 , 1964 ) is an American singer-songwriter , known for her singles `` Fast Car '' , `` Talkin ' ` bout a Revolution '' , `` Baby Can I Hold You '' , `` Crossroads '' , `` Give Me One Reason '' and `` Telling Stories '' .

Tracy Chapman ( born 30 March 1964 ) is an American singer-songwriter .


In 1287 , at the age of about 20 , Giotto married Ricevuta di Lapo del Pela , known as `` Ciuta '' .

In 1287 , when he was about 20 , Giotto married Ricevuta di Lapo del Pela , known as `` Ciuta '' .


The famous Florentine sculptor and architect , Arnolfo di Cambio , was then also working in Rome .

The famous sculptor and architect from Florence , Arnolfo di Cambio , was also working in Rome .


In his Lives of the Artists , Giorgio Vasari relates that Giotto was a shepherd boy , a merry and intelligent child who was loved by all who knew him .

In his Lives of the Artists , Giorgio Vasari tells the story of how Giotto was a shepherd boy , a merry and intelligent child who was loved by all who knew him .


From Rome , Cimabue went to Assisi to paint several large frescoes at the newly built Basilica of St Francis of Assisi , and it is possible , but not certain , that Giotto went with him .

From Rome , Giotto 's teacher Cimabue went to Assisi to paint several large frescoes at the `` Upper Church '' of the newly-built Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi .


They were so lifelike that Cimabue approached Bondone and asked if he could take the boy as an apprentice .

They were so lifelike that Cimabue asked Bondone if he could take the boy as an apprentice .


He is generally considered the first in a line of great artists who contributed to the Italian Renaissance .

He is generally thought of as the first in a line of great artists of the Italian Renaissance .


According to Vasari , Giotto 's earliest works were for the Dominicans at Santa Maria Novella .

Vasari wrote that Giotto 's earliest works were for the Dominican Friars at the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence .


The great Florentine painter Cimabue discovered Giotto drawing pictures of his sheep on a rock .

One day the great Florentine painter Cimabue passed by and saw him drawing pictures of his sheep on a rock .


Giotto di Bondone ( 1266\/7 - January 8 , 1337 ) , known as Giotto ( Italian : ( ˈdʒɔtto ) ) , was an Italian painter and architect from Florence in the late Middle Ages .

Giotto di Bondone ( c.1267-January 8 1337 ) , usually known as Giotto , was an Italian painter and architect from Florence .


This fresco cycle depicts the life of the Virgin and the life of Christ .

This fresco series shows the life of the Virgin and the life of Christ .


Around 1305 Giotto executed his most influential work , the painted decoration of the interior of the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua .

Giotto 's greatest work is the decoration of the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua , finished around 1305 .


He writes that when Cimabue was absent from the workshop , his young apprentice painted such a lifelike fly on the face of the painting that Cimabue was working on , that he tried several times to brush it off .

Vasari writes that when Cimabue was away from the workshop , Giotto painted a fly on the face of the painting that his master was working on .


It is regarded as one of the supreme masterpieces of the Early Renaissance .

It is thought of as one of the greatest masterpieces of the Early Renaissance .


It has been traditional to hold that Giotto was born in a hilltop farmhouse , perhaps at Colle di Romagnano or Romignano ; since 1850 a tower house in nearby Colle Vespignano , a hamlet 35 kilometres north of Florence , has borne a plaque claiming the honor of his birthplace , an assertion commercially publicized .

Giotto was probably born in a hilltop farmhouse , perhaps at Colle di Romagnano or Romignano .


The palace , now gone , and the chapel were on the site of a Roman arena , for which reason it is commonly known as the Arena Chapel .

The building is sometimes called the `` Arena Chapel '' because it is on the site of an Ancient Roman arena .


Of Giotto 's realism , the 19th-century English critic John Ruskin said `` He painted the Madonna and St. Joseph and the Christ , yes , by all means ... but essentially Mamma , Papa and Baby . ''

A famous English critic of the 1800s , John Ruskin , said that while Giotto painted the Madonna and St. Joseph and the Christ Child , he also painted them to look like an ordinary `` Mamma , Papa and Baby . ''


Vasari also relates that when the Pope sent a messenger to Giotto , asking him to send a drawing to demonstrate his skill , Giotto drew , in red paint , a circle so perfect that it seemed as though it was drawn using a compass and instructed the messenger to give that to the Pope .

Instead of doing a painting , which would take many days , Giotto drew , in red paint , a circle that was so perfect that it seemed as though it was drawn using a pair of compasses .


The year of his birth is calculated from the fact that Antonio Pucci , the town crier of Florence , wrote a poem in Giotto 's honor in which it is stated that he was 70 at the time of his death .

The year of his death is 1337 , but the year of his birth ( 1267 ) is based on a poem by Antonio Pucci , the town crier of Florence , who said that Giotto was seventy when he died .


He was called to work in Padua , and also in Rimini , where today only a Crucifix remains in the Church of St. Francis , painted before 1309 .

He was called to work in Rome , Padua , and Rimini , where his Crucifix can be seen in the Church of St Francis .


That Giotto painted the Arena Chapel and that he was chosen by the Comune of Florence in 1334 to design the new campanile ( bell tower ) of the Florence Cathedral are among the few certainties of his biography .

It is known that in 1334 Giotto was chosen by the `` commune '' ( town council ) of Florence to design the bell tower next to Florence Cathedral which was being built at that time .


Cimabue was one of the two most highly renowned painters of Tuscany , the other being Duccio , who worked mainly in Siena .

He worked in Florence , while the other famous painter , Duccio , worked mainly in Siena .


Cimabue may have been working in Rome in this period , and there was an active local school of fresco painters , of whom the most famous was Pietro Cavallini .

The most famous painter in Rome was Pietro Cavallini .


The so-called `` seed ferns '' ( Pteridospermae ) were one of the earliest successful groups of land plants , and forests dominated by seed ferns were prevalent in the late Paleozoic .

The living spermatophytes form five groups : The fossil seed ferns ( Pteridospermatophyta ) were one of the earliest successful groups of land plants , and forests dominated by seed ferns were prevalent in the Permian .


By the Triassic period , seed ferns had declined in ecological importance , and representatives of modern gymnosperm groups were abundant and dominant through the end of the Cretaceous , when angiosperms radiated .

By the Triassic period , seed ferns had declined , ( perhaps were extinct ) and modern gymnosperm groups were abundant and dominant to the Upper Cretaceous , when angiosperms radiated .


ETA was founded on 31 July 1959 as Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ( Basque Homeland and Freedom ) by students frustrated by the moderate stance of the Basque Nationalist Party .

Euskadi Ta Askatasuna or ETA ( Basque for `` Basque Homeland and Freedom '' ; IPA pronunciation : ( ˈɛːta ) ) is a terrorist nationalist militant organization .


Following the appointment of Eric Bischoff and Stephanie McMahon as General Managers of the Raw and SmackDown brands respectively , Stephanie McMahon contracted then-WWE Undisputed Champion Brock Lesnar to the SmackDown brand , leaving the Raw brand without a world title .

Following the appointment of Eric Bischoff and Stephanie McMahon as General Managers of the Raw and SmackDown brands respectively , Stephanie McMahon contracted then-WWE Undisputed World Champion Brock Lesnar to the SmackDown brand , leaving the Raw brand without a world title .


On September 2 , after disputing the brand designation of the Undisputed title , Eric Bischoff announced the creation of the World Heavyweight Championship , spun off from the Undisputed title .

On September 2 , after disputing the brand designation of the Undisputed Championship , Eric Bischoff announced the creation of the World Heavyweight Championship , spun off from the Undisputed Championship .


At the event , Chris Jericho defeated The Rock and Stone Cold Steve Austin to win the WCW Championship and WWF Championship respectively .

At the event , Chris Jericho defeated The Rock and Stone Cold Steve Austin to win the WCW World Championship and WWF World Championship respectively .


In May 2002 , the WWF was renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and the championship became known as the WWE Undisputed Championship .

In May 2002 , the WWF was renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and the championship became known as the WWE Undisputed World Championship .


On July 3 , 2006 , Edge defeated John Cena and Rob Van Dam in a Triple Threat Match to win the WWE Championship .

On July 3 , Edge defeated John Cena and Rob Van Dam in a Triple Threat Match to win the WWE Championship .


At the subsequent SummerSlam pay-per-view , Punk defeated Cena to solidify his claim on the title , only to lose the title moments later to Alberto Del Rio , who opportunistically cashed in his Money in the Bank contract after Kevin Nash attacked Punk .

At the subsequent SummerSlam pay-per-view , Punk defeated Cena to solidify his claim on the title , only to lose the title moments later to Alberto Del Rio , who opportunistically cashed in his Money in the Bank contract after Kevin Nash attacked .


Near the end of the ratings war , WCW began a financial decline , which culminated in March 2001 with the WWF 's purchase of WCW .

Near the end of the ratings war , WCW began a financial decline , which ended in March 2001 with the WWF 's purchase of WCW .


Rob Van Dam defeated John Cena to win the WWE Championship , moving the title to the now defunct ECW brand , a WWE brand established from purchased assets of the Extreme Championship Wrestling promotion .

Rob Van Dam defeated John Cena to win the WWE Championship , moving the title to the ECW brand , a WWE brand established from purchased assets of the Extreme Championship Wrestling promotion .


Following these changes , the WWE Undisputed Championship remained unaffiliated with either brand as competitors from both brands could challenge the WWE Undisputed Champion .

Following these changes , the WWE Undisputed Championship remained unaffiliated with either brand as competitors from both brands could challenge the WWE Undisputed World Champion .


In July 2011 , CM Punk was involved in a storyline where he vowed to leave WWE with the WWE Championship when his contract expired on July 17 , 2011 ( the date of the 2011 Money in the Bank pay-per-view ) .

In July 2011 , CM Punk was involved in a storyline , where he vowed to leave WWE with the WWE Championship when his contract expired on July 17 , 2011 ( the date of the 2011 Money in the Bank pay-per-view ) .


During this time , Buddy Rogers held the NWA World Heavyweight Championship until January 24 , when Lou Thesz defeated Rogers for the championship .

During this time , Buddy Rogers held the NWA World Heavyweight Championship , the world title of the NWA , until Lou Thesz defeated Rogers for the championship on January 24 , 1963 .


The holder of the contract is guaranteed a WWE or World Heavyweight title match at anytime of their choosing .

The holder of the contract is guaranteed a WWE , World Heavyweight , or ECW Championship match at anytime of their choosing .


Immediately afterward , the WWE Undisputed Championship became known as the WWE Championship .

Immediately afterward , the WWE Undisputed World Championship returned to being known as the WWE World Championship or just the WWE Championship .


In 1991 , World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) , a member of the NWA , established the WCW World Heavyweight Championship to complement the NWA 's world title .

In 1991 , World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) , another NWA territory , established the WCW World Heavyweight Championship alongside the NWA world title .


As a result of the purchase , the WWF acquired the video library of WCW , select talent contracts , and championships , among other assets .

With this purchase , WWF now owned the video library of WCW , select talent contracts , and championships , among other assets .


At the event , Punk succeeded in defeating the defending champion John Cena to win the championship , and left the company with the physical title belt .

At the event , Punk succeeded in defeating the defending champion , John Cena to win the championship , and legitimately left the company with the physical title belt .


Affiliated with the NWA once again , the WWWF was renamed to World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) in 1979 , and after conclusively ending its affiliation with the NWA in 1983 , the championship became known as the WWF World Heavyweight Championship and later simply as the WWF Championship by the 1990s .

Affiliated with the NWA once again , the WWWF was renamed to World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) in 1979 .


Following this , the WCW Championship ( which had become known simply as the `` World Championship '' ) was unified with the WWF Championship at Vengeance 2001 .

Following this , the WCW World Championship was unified with the WWF World Championship , at Vengeance 2001 in December .


Following the events of the WWE Brand Extension , an annual WWE Draft was established .

Following the events of the WWE Brand Extension , an annual WWE Draft was established , in which select members of the WWE roster are reassigned to a different brand .


In the 1950s , Capitol Wrestling Corporation ( CWC ) was a member of the NWA and by 1963 , CWC executives held a controlling stake over NWA operations .

In the 1950s , Capitol Wrestling Corporation ( CWC ) was an NWA territory , and by 1963 , CWC executives had a large amount of control over NWA .


WCW then seceded from the NWA and grew to become a rival promotion to the WWF .

WCW then left the NWA and grew to become a rival promotion to the WWF .


The title was introduced in 1963 with Buddy Rogers becoming the first champion .

The WWE World Championship was introduced in 1963 , with Buddy Rogers becoming the first world champion on April 29 .


On December 15 , 2013 at the TLC : Tables , Ladders , & Chairs pay-per-view , WWE Champion Randy Orton defeated World Heavyweight Champion John Cena in a TLC match to unify the titles .

On December 15 , 2013 , Randy Orton beat John Cena for the World Heavyweight Championship at TLC : Tables , Ladders , & Chairs .


Both organizations grew into mainstream prominence and were eventually involved in a television ratings war , dubbed the Monday Night Wars .

Both groups became popular with the general public , and then were involved in a television ratings war , dubbed the Monday Night Wars .


With that the WWE Championship was renamed WWE World Heavyweight Championship .

He was already WWE Champion when he won the championship and unified the World Heavyweight Championship with the WWE Championship to make the `` WWE World Heavyweight Championship '' .


The WWE World Heavyweight Championship is a world heavyweight championship within the professional wrestling promotion WWE .

The World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) World Heavyweight Championship is a professional wrestling world championship in WWE .


Following a dispute over the result , CWC seceded from the NWA and became the World Wide Wrestling Federation ( WWWF ) .

After a dispute over the result , CWC left the NWA and created a new promotion , the World Wide Wrestling Federation ( WWWF ) .


Also since August 29 , 2011 , with all WWE programming becoming `` Supershows '' featuring the entire roster , the title has been defended on both Raw and Smackdown .

On August 29 , 2011 , all WWE TV programming became so-called `` Supershows '' that feature wrestlers from both Raw and SmackDown .


In the human anatomy , the chin is the lowermost part of the face .

The chin is the bottom part of the face .


The terms Danes ( Danish : danskere ) and Danish people refer to the nation and ethnic group that is native to Denmark , and who speak Danish .

Danish people or Danes are the nation and ethnic group that is born in Denmark , and who speak Danish .


Between them , the two songs won three Grammy Awards .

It won 2 Grammy awards for Best R&B Male Vocal Performance and Best R&B Song .


The double album-with-extra-EP Songs in the Key of Life , was released in September 1976 .

Wonder 's next album Songs in the Key of Life also reached number one .


The lead single , `` I Just Called to Say I Love You '' , was a No. 1 pop and R&B hit in both the United States and the United Kingdom , where it was placed 13th in the list of best-selling singles in the UK published in 2002 .

In 1984 Wonder 's single `` I Just Called to Say I Love You '' reached number one in the United States .


His key appearances include performing at the opening ceremony of the 2002 Winter Paralympics in Salt Lake City , the 2005 Live 8 concert in Philadelphia , the pre-game show for Super Bowl XL in 2006 , the Obama Inaugural Celebration in 2009 , and the opening ceremony of the 2011 Special Olympics World Summer Games in Athens , Greece .

On June 25 , 2011 , Wonder performed at the opening ceremony of the 2011 Special Olympics World Summer Games in Athens , Greece .


After the Second World War , SAAB used the configuration in their first model , the Saab 92 , in 1947 .

After the World War II , SAAB used the configuration in their first model , the Saab 92 , in 1947 .


The first successful transverse-engine cars were the two-cylinder DKW `` Front '' series of cars , which first appeared in 1931 .

The first successful transverse-engine cars were the two-cylinder DKW `` Front '' series of cars .


( The vast majority of rear wheel drive vehicles use a longitudinal engine configuration , where the engine 's crankshaft axis is parallel to the long axis of the vehicle . )

The majority of rear wheel drive vehicles use a longitudinal engine design , where the engine 's crankshaft axis is parallel to the vehicle .


Many modern front wheel drive vehicles use this engine mounting configuration .

Many modern front wheel drive vehicles use a transverse engine mounting design .


The first car known to use such an arrangement was a 1911 front-wheel drive car with a clutch at each end of the engine , driving the front wheels directly .

The first car known to use such an arrangement was a 1911 front-wheel drive car .


Engines may be placed in two main positions within the motor car : Space allowed for engines within the front wheel wells is commonly limited to the following : The description of the orientation of a V-twin engine in a motorcycle often contradicts the given convention .


A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine 's crankshaft axis is perpendicular to the long axis of the vehicle .

A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine 's crankshaft is at a right angle ( 90 ° ) to the vehicle .


Euwe also served as President of FIDE , the World Chess Federation , from 1970 to 1978 .

Euwe served as President of FIDE , the World Chess Federation , from 1970 to 1978 .


Then in the return match , Alekhine won by six points .

Alekhine won the title back in a rematch two years later .


Großenhain is located on the river Röder , 30 km ( 19 mi ) northwest of Dresden , and 17 km ( 11 mi ) east of Riesa .

Großenhain is on the river Röder , 30 km northwest of Dresden , and 17 km east of Riesa .


It is also situated on Via Regia from Görlitz to Santiago de Compostela .

It is also on Via Regia from Görlitz to Santiago de Compostela .


Großenhain was originally a Sorb settlement .

Großenhain was originally a Sorbian settlement .


As it was not possible to read mathematics there at the time , Hawking decided to study physics and chemistry .

He studied physics and chemistry there .


degree , and following a trip to Iran with a friend , he began his graduate work at Trinity Hall , Cambridge , in October 1962 .

In October 1962 he started his graduate course at Trinity Hall .


In 1950 , when his father became head of the division of parasitology at the National Institute for Medical Research , Hawking and his family moved to St Albans , Hertfordshire .

In 1950 , he moved to St Albans , Hertfordshire .


There were other positive developments : Hawking received a research fellowship at Gonville and Caius College , and he and Jane were married on 14 July 1965 .

He then got a fellowship ( a job as a university teacher ) at Gonville and Caius College in 1965 .


Roméo et Juliette ( Romeo and Juliet ) is an opéra in five acts by Charles Gounod to a French libretto by Jules Barbier and Michel Carré , based on The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare .

Roméo et Juliette is a French opera in five acts by Charles Gounod , first performed in Paris , on April 27 , 1867 , libretto by Jules Barbier et Michel Carré , after Shakespeare 's Romeo and Juliet .


The Trent is unusual amongst English rivers in that it flows north ( for the second half of its route ) , and in exhibiting a tidal bore , the `` Trent Aegir '' .

It is unusual amongst English rivers in that it flows north ( for the second half of its route ) , and is also unusual in exhibiting a tidal bore , the `` Aegir '' .


It flows through the Midlands ( forming a once significant boundary between the north and south of England ) until it joins the River Ouse at Trent Falls to form the Humber Estuary , which empties into the North Sea between Hull and Immingham .

It flows through the center of England until it joins the River Ouse to form the River Humber ( estuary ) which empties into the North Sea .


Boards are usually supplied in random widths and lengths of a specified thickness , and sold by the board-foot ( 144 cubic inches or 2,360 cubic centimetres , 1⁄12 th of 1 cubic foot or 0.028 cubic metres ) .

Boards are usually supplied in random widths and lengths of a specified thickness , and sold by the board-foot ( 144 cubic inches ) .


Besides pulpwood , rough lumber is the raw material for furniture-making and other items requiring additional cutting and shaping .

Rough lumber is the raw material for furniture making .


In the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth Countries such as Australia and New Zealand , timber is a term used for sawn wood products , such as floor boards , whereas generally in the United States and Canada , it refers to standing or felled trees , before they are milled into boards referred to as lumber .

In the U.K. and Australia , `` timber '' is a term also used for sawn wood products ( that is , boards ) , whereas generally in the United States and Canada , the product of timber cut into boards is referred to as lumber .


It is available in many species , usually hardwoods , but it is also readily available in softwoods such as white pine and red pine because of their low cost .

It is available in many species , usually hardwoods .


Lumber is supplied either rough-sawn as it came off of the saw or surfaced on one , two , three or all four sides .

Lumber is supplied either rough or finished .


Most deaths from the eruption were from starvation and disease , as the eruptive fallout ruined agricultural productivity in the local region .

Most deaths from the eruption were from starvation and disease , as the fallout ruined farming in the local region .


The death toll was at least 71,000 people , of whom 11,000-12 ,000 were killed directly by the eruption ; the often-cited figure of 92,000 people killed is believed to be overestimated .

The death toll was at least 71,000 people , of whom 11,000-12 ,000 were killed directly by the eruption .


The eruption caused global climate anomalies that included the phenomenon known as `` volcanic winter '' : 1816 became known as the `` Year Without a Summer '' because of the effect on North American and European weather .

1816 became known as the `` Year without a summer '' because of the effect on North American and European weather .


With an estimated ejecta volume of 160 km3 ( 38 cu mi ) , Tambora 's 1815 outburst was the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history .


Before the explosion , Mount Tambora was approximately 4,300 m ( 14,100 ft ) high , one of the tallest peaks in the Indonesian archipelago .

Before the explosion , Tambora was 4,300 m ( 14,100 ft ) high , now it is only 2,722 m ( 8,930 ft ) high .


The VEI 7 eruption had a total tephra ejecta volume of 160 km3 ( 38 cu mi ) .

The estimated total volume of material blown out is 160 km3 ( 38 cu mi ) .


He is the second child in Canadian history to be born when one of his parents was prime minister ; the first was John A. Macdonald 's youngest daughter Margaret Mary Macdonald .

He is the second child in Canadian history to be born while one of his parents was prime minister ; the first was John A. Macdonald 's youngest daughter Margaret Mary Macdonald .


After graduation , he worked as a social studies and French teacher at West Point Grey Academy and Sir Winston Churchill Secondary School in Vancouver , British Columbia .

He taught at West Point Grey Academy and Sir Winston Churchill Secondary School in Vancouver , British Columbia .


Trudeau has a Bachelor of Arts degree in literature from McGill University and a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of British Columbia .

Trudeau earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in literature from McGill University and a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of British Columbia .


Trudeau is the eldest son of Pierre Trudeau , long-serving Prime Minister , and Margaret Trudeau .

He is the eldest son of former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau .


On April 14 , 2013 , Trudeau was elected leader of the Liberal Party of Canada .

He was elected leader on April 14 , 2013 .


Justin Pierre James Trudeau MP ( born December 25 , 1971 ) is a Canadian politician and the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada .

Justin Pierre James Trudeau , ( born December 25 , 1971 in Ottawa ) , is a Canadian politician .


Smith entered business in New York City and became an increasingly vocal opponent of Roosevelt 's New Deal .

Smith entered business in New York City , and became an increasingly vocal opponent of Roosevelt 's New Deal .


Most importantly , this was a time of national prosperity under a Republican Presidency , and Smith lost in a landslide to Republican Herbert Hoover .

It was a time of national prosperity , and Smith lost in a landslide to Republican Herbert Hoover .


Alfred Emanuel `` Al '' Smith ( December 30 , 1873 - October 4 , 1944 ) was an American statesman who was elected Governor of New York four times and was the Democratic U.S. presidential candidate in 1928 .

Alfred Emanuel Smith , Jr. ( December 30 , 1873 - October 4 , 1944 ) , known in private and public life as Al Smith , was an American statesman who was elected the 42nd Governor of New York four times , and was the Democratic US presidential candidate in 1928 .


He was also linked to the notorious Tammany Hall machine that controlled New York City 's politics ; was a strong opponent of Prohibition and was the first Catholic nominee for President .

He was also linked to the Tammany Hall machine that controlled Manhattan politics ; he was a strong opponent of prohibition .


He was the foremost urban leader of the efficiency-oriented Progressive Movement and was noted for achieving a wide range of reforms as governor in the 1920s .

He was a leader of the Progressive Movement , and was noted for making a wide range of reforms as governor in the 1920s .


Four years later Smith sought the 1932 nomination but was defeated by his former ally and successor as New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt .

Smith tried for the 1932 nomination , but was defeated by his former ally Franklin D. Roosevelt .


However , he was feared among Protestants , including German Lutherans and Southern Baptists , who believed that the Catholic Church and the pope would dictate his policies .

However he was especially unpopular among Southern Baptists and German Lutherans , who feared the pope would dictate his policies .


He returned to London the following month , conducting the combined Royal Albert Hall Orchestra ( the renamed New Symphony Orchestra ) and London Symphony Orchestra in April 1923 .

He formed the London Philharmonic Orchestra and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra .


In 1909 , Beecham founded the Beecham Symphony Orchestra .

In 1909 Thomas got a group of musicians together to form the Beecham Symphony Orchestra .


Beecham was a great Wagnerian , despite his frequent expostulation about the composer 's length and repetitiousness : `` We 've been rehearsing for two hours - and we 're still playing the same bloody tune ! ''

We have been playing for two hours and we are still playing this bloody tune ! ''


Beecham was self-taught as a conductor .


Special limited editions of The Piper at the Gates of Dawn were issued to mark its thirtieth and fortieth anniversaries in 1997 and 2007 , respectively , with the latter containing bonus tracks .

Special limited editions of Piper were released to mark its 30th anniversary in 1997 , and its 40th anniversary in 2007 .


The Piper at the Gates of Dawn is the début album by the English rock band Pink Floyd , and the only one made under founder member Syd Barrett 's leadership .

The Piper at the Gates of Dawn is Pink Floyd 's first album .


As Prime Minister , he led his Liberal party to a series of domestic reforms , including social insurance and the reduction of the power of the House of Lords .

As Prime Minister , he led the Liberal Party to a series of domestic reforms , including social insurance and the reduction of the power of the House of Lords .


Herbert Henry Asquith , 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith , KC , KG , PC , ( 12 September 1852 - 15 February 1928 ) served as the Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916 .

Herbert Henry Asquith , 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith , KG , PC , KC ( 12 September 1852 - 15 February 1928 ) served as the Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916 .


Elive utilizes UnionFS , which allows users to install software packages using Synaptic Package Manager and\/or APT , while the user 's computer is running from the Live CD .

Elive utilizes UnionFS , which allows users to install software packages using Synaptic and\/or APT , while the user 's computer is running from the Live CD .


Elive can be used like any Live CD or installed to the hard drive to access its full features .

Elive can be used like any Live CD or installed to the hard drive to have access its fullfeatures .


Elive ( `` Enlightenment live '' ) is a GNU\/Linux distribution based on Debian for legacy and commodity hardware with Intel processors .

Elive is a Linux distribution based on Debian for legacy ( old ) and commodity hardware .


Elive is a fully functional distribution with a Live CD counterpart that allows the user to sample the distribution before installing it on the system .

Elive is a Linux Distribution with a Live CD that allows the user to try Elive before installing it on the system .


Two years later , his medical dissertation , `` Mémoire sur le Système Nerveux du Barbeaux ( Cyprinus barbus L. ) '' was published in Paris and Strasbourg .

Two years later , his dissertation , `` Mémoire sur le Système Nerveux du Barbeaux ( Cyprinus barbus L. ) '' was published in Paris and Strasbourg .


Arnold Zweig described Lenz , Büchner 's only work of prose fiction , as `` the beginning of modern European prose '' .

Arnold Zweig described Lenz , Büchner 's only work of prose , as the `` beginning of modern European prose '' .


Lenz is a novella based on the life of the Sturm und Drang poet Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz .

It is a novella based on the life of the Sturm und Drang poet Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz .


Karl Georg Büchner ( 17 October 1813 - 19 February 1837 ) was a German dramatist and writer of poetry and prose .

Karl Georg Büchner ( October 17 , 1813 - February 19 , 1837 ) was a German dramatist and writer of prose .


He was also a revolutionary , a natural scientist , and the brother of physician and philosopher Ludwig Büchner .

He was the brother of physician and philosopher Ludwig Büchner .


In 1828 , he became interested in politics and joined a circle of William Shakespeare aficionados which later on probably became the Gießen and Darmstadt section of the `` Gesellschaft für Menschenrechte '' ( Society for Human Rights ) .

In 1828 he became interested in politics and joined a group which later on probably became the Gießen and Darmstadt section of the `` Gesellschaft für Menschenrechte '' ( Society for Human Rights ) .


Weidig was arrested , tortured and later died in prison in Darmstadt ; Büchner managed to flee across the border to Strasbourg where he wrote most of his literary work and translated two French plays by Victor Hugo , Lucrèce Borgia and Marie Tudor .

While Weidig was arrested , tortured and died imprisoned in Darmstadt , Büchner fled across the border to Strasbourg where he wrote most of his literary work and translated two plays by Victor Hugo , Lucrèce Borgia and Marie Tudor .


While Büchner continued his studies in Gießen , he established a secret society dedicated to the revolutionary cause .

While Büchner continued his studies in Gießen he started a secret society which wanted revolutionary change .


By the 1870s , Büchner was nearly forgotten in Germany when Karl Emil Franzos edited his works ; these later became a major influence on the naturalist and expressionist movements .

By the 1870s , Büchner was nearly forgotten in Germany when Karl Emil Franzos edited his works ; these later became a major influence on naturalism and expressionism .


He was influenced by the utopian communist theories of François-Noël Babeuf and Claude Henri de Saint-Simon .

The ideas of François-Noël Babeuf and Claude Henri de Saint-Simon had an important influence on his work .


His unfinished and most famous play , Woyzeck , was notable because its main characters were all from the working class .

His unfinished and most famous play , Woyzeck , was the first literary work in German whose main characters were members of the working class .


In July 1834 , with the help of evangelical theologian Friedrich Ludwig Weidig , he published the leaflet Der Hessische Landbote , a revolutionary pamphlet critical of social injustice in the Grand Duchy of Hesse .

With the help of the Protestant theologian Friedrich Ludwig Weidig he published the leaflet Der Hessische Landbote , a revolutionary text that criticized social problems in the Grand Duchy of Hesse .


The authorities charged them with treason and issued a warrant for their arrest .

The authorities charged them with treason and issued a warrant of apprehension .


His first play , Dantons Tod ( Danton 's Death ) , about the French revolution , was published in 1835 , followed by Lenz ( first partly published in Karl Gutzkow 's and Wienberg 's Deutsche Revue , which was quickly banned ) .

In 1835 , his first play , Dantons Tod ( Danton 's Death ) , about the French revolution , was published , followed by Lenz .


His literary achievements , though few in number , are generally held in great esteem in Germany and it is widely believed that , had it not been for his early death , he might have joined such central German literary figures as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller at the summit of their profession .

Many people think that he might have become as important as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller if he had lived longer .


In October 1836 , after receiving his M.D. and being appointed by the University of Zurich as a lecturer in anatomy , Büchner relocated to Zurich where he spent his final months writing and teaching until his death from typhus at the age of twenty-three .

In October 1836 he got a job at the University of Zürich as a lecturer in anatomy and went back to Zürich where he spent his final months writing and teaching until he died of typhus at the age of twenty-three .


The Cabinet of the United Kingdom is the collective decision-making body of Her Majesty 's Government of the United Kingdom , composed of the Prime Minister and some 22 Cabinet ministers , the most senior of the government ministers .

In the government of the United Kingdom , the Cabinet is a group of 22 people led and chosen by the Prime Minister who are the main decision-makers in the British government .


Jardine joined the Territorial Army in August 1939 .

Jardine joined the British Army in August 1939 .