The search began in the mid-19th century and culminated at the start of the 20th with Percival Lowell 's quest for Planet X. Lowell proposed the Planet X hypothesis to explain apparent discrepancies in the orbits of the gas giants , particularly Uranus and Neptune , speculating that the gravity of a large unseen ninth planet could have perturbed Uranus enough to account for the irregularities .

The gravity of a large unseen ninth planet could have perturbed Uranus enough to explain the irregularities .


The hypothetical planet-or companion of the Sun-would be located in the outer part of the Oort cloud .

A hypothetical planet , located in the Oort cloud has been called Tyche .


In addition , probability arguments have also been used to suggest the existence of planet-sized objects in the outer Solar System .

A number of astronomers have used the concept of Planet X to explain other anomalies observed in the outer Solar System .


MTV Unplugged is an acoustic live album by Canadian musician Bryan Adams .


The album was recorded completely on September 26 , 1997 at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City .

The album was recorded in September , 1997 at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City .


The MTV Unplugged DVD included a few different songs and the song order is also different from on the CD .

Many more are included on the MTV Unplugged DVD and the song order is also different than the CD .


It forms part of the unsigned European route E13 .

The motorway is part of the unsigned European route E13 .


It was the first inter-urban motorway to be completed in the UK ; the first road to be built to motorway standard in the country was the Preston By-pass , which later became part of the M6 .

It was the second motorway to be built in the UK , after the Preston bypass ( which later formed part of the M6 ) .


The motorway is 193 miles ( 311 km ) long and was constructed in four phases .

The motorway is 193 miles ( 310 km ) long .


In 1972 an extension of the M1 was opened into central Leeds as the Leeds South Eastern Motorway where it met the Leeds South Western Motorway ( M621 ) coming north-east from the M62 at Junction 3 .

In 1972 an extension of the M1 was opened into central Leeds .


The first section of the motorway opened between Junction 5 ( Watford ) and Junction 18 ( Crick\/Rugby ) on 2 November 1959 together with the motorway 's two spurs , the M10 ( from Junction 7 to south of St Albans originally connecting to the A1 ) and the M45 ( from Junction 17 to the A45 and Coventry ) .

The first section of the motorway opened between Junction 5 ( Watford ) and Junction 18 ( Rugby ) .


Diverging from the A5 , the motorway takes a more northerly route through the East Midlands , via Leicester , Loughborough , Nottingham to Sheffield , where the M18 splits from the M1 at Junction 32 to head to Doncaster .

The motorway takes a more northerly route through the East Midlands .


The continuation of the motorway from Junction 18 towards Yorkshire was carried out as a series of extensions between 1965 and 1968 .

In 1965 , an extension from Junction 18 towards Yorkshire was built .


The Croatian Liberation Movement ( Croatian : Hrvatski oslobodilački pokret or HOP ) is a far right party originally formed by Croat emigrants and headed by former leaders of the Axis-allied World War II Independent State of Croatia ( NDH ) in 1956 in Buenos Aires , Argentina .

The Croatian Liberation Movement ( Croatian : Hrvatski oslobodilački pokret ) or HOP is a political party in Croatia .


The perfect use pregnancy rate of condoms is 2 % per year .

The method failure rate of condoms is 2 % per year .


Among people who intend condoms to be their form of birth control , pregnancy may occur when the user has sex without a condom .

Condoms are a form of birth control , they can prevent a pregnancy .


The most common non-latex condoms are made from polyurethane .

In 2009 , most condoms were made of latex .


His father was Count Trasimund of Segni and was a member of a famous house , Conti , which produced nine Popes , including Gregory IX , Alexander IV and Innocent XIII .

His father was Count Trasimund of Segni who was a member of the Conti family .


Pope Innocent III ( Latin : Innocentius III ; 1160 or 1161 - 16 July 1216 ) was Pope from 8 January 1198 to his death in 1216 .

Pope Innocent III ( Latin : Innocentius Tertius ; 1160 or 1161 - 16 July 1216 ) was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 177th Pope from 1198 until his death in 1216 .


Shortly after the death of Alexander III ( 30 August 1181 ) Lotario returned to Rome and held various ecclesiastical offices during the short reigns of Lucius III , Urban III , Gregory VIII , and Clement III , reaching the rank of Cardinal-Deacon in 1190 .

During the short reigns of Pope Lucius III , Pope Urban III , Pope Gregory VIII , and Pope Clement III , he served in the church bureaucracy .


DBS is approved in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of Parkinson 's .

DBS was approved in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of Parkinson 's in 2002 .


The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved DBS as a treatment for essential tremor in 1997 , for Parkinson 's disease in 2002 , and dystonia in 2003 .

The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved DBS as a treatment for tremors in 1997 , for Parkinson 's disease in 2002 , Tourette syndrome in 1999 , and dystonia in 2003 .


DBS does not cure Parkinson 's , but it can help manage some of its symptoms and subsequently improve the patient 's quality of life .

DBS does not cure Parkinson 's , but it can help reduce symptoms and improve the patient 's life .


Deep brain stimulation has been used experimentally in treating adults with severe Tourette syndrome that does not respond to conventional treatment .

Deep brain stimulation is used to treat patients with severe Tourette syndrome when medication does not help the patient .


DBS for treatment-resistant depression can be as effective as antidepressants , with good response and remission rates , but adverse effects and safety must be more fully evaluated .

DBS for treatment resistant depression can be as effective as antidepressants , but side effects and complications need to be watched .


While DBS has proven helpful for some patients , there is potential for serious complications and side effects .

While DBS is helpful for some patients , there can be serious complications and side effects .


At present , the procedure is used only for patients whose symptoms can not be adequately controlled with medications , or whose medications have severe side-effects .

DBS is only used for patients whose symptoms can not be controlled with medications .


A systematic review of DBS for treatment-resistant depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder identified 23 cases-nine for OCD , seven for treatment-resistant depression , and one for both .

A study of DBS for major depressive disorder and Obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD ) looked at 23 patients - nine for OCD , seven for MDD , and one for both .


DBS is also used in research studies to treat chronic pain and has been used to treat various affective disorders , including major depression ; neither of these applications of DBS have yet been FDA-approved .


It found that `` about half the patients did show dramatic improvement '' and that adverse events were `` generally trivial '' given the younger psychiatric patient population than with movements disorders .

It found that `` about half the patients did show dramatic improvement '' and that there were few side effects and complications .


The comet was discovered by astronomers Carolyn and Eugene M. Shoemaker and David Levy .

The comet was discovered by astronomers Carolyn and Eugene M. Shoemaker and David Levy on March 24 , 1993 .


The comet was later observed as a series of fragments ranging up to 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) in diameter .

The comet was later observed as a series of pieces up to 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) in diameter .


Calculations showed that its unusual fragmented form was due to a previous closer approach to Jupiter in July 1992 .

Calculations showed that its unusual broken up form was due to a previous closer approach to Jupiter in July 1992 .


At that time , the orbit of Shoemaker-Levy 9 passed within Jupiter 's Roche limit , and Jupiter 's tidal forces had acted to pull apart the comet .

At that time , the orbit of Shoemaker-Levy 9 passed within Jupiter 's Roche limit .


The collision provided new information about Jupiter and highlighted its role in reducing space debris in the inner Solar System .

It also showed up its role in reducing space debris in the inner Solar System .


Shoemaker-Levy 9 , at the time captured by and orbiting Jupiter , was located on the night of March 24 , 1993 , in a photograph taken with the 40 cm ( 16 in ) Schmidt telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California .

It was found in a picture taken by the 40 centimetres ( 1 ft 4 in ) Schmidt telescope at the Palomar Observatory , in California .


These fragments collided with Jupiter 's southern hemisphere between July 16 and July 22 , 1994 , at a speed of approximately 60 km\/s ( 37 mi\/s ) or 216,000 km\/h ( 134,000 mph ) .

These fragments collided with Jupiter 's southern hemisphere between July 16 and July 22 , 1994 .


Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 was the ninth periodic comet ( a comet whose orbital period is 200 years or less ) discovered by the Shoemakers and Levy , hence its name .


The prominent scars from the impacts were more easily visible than the Great Red Spot and persisted for many months .

The impact scars were more easily seen than the Great Red Spot and they stayed for many months .


This generated a large amount of coverage in the popular media , and the comet was closely observed by astronomers worldwide .

It caused a large amount of coverage in the media .


They are part of the order Pilosa and are therefore related to anteaters , which sport a similar set of specialized claws .


The evolutionary history of the three-toed sloths is not well known .

There are two families of sloths : Two-toed sloth and Three-toed sloth .


Nereid is the third-largest moon of Neptune .

Nereid or Neptune II , is a moon of Neptune .


The unusual orbit suggests that it may be either a captured asteroid or Kuiper belt object , or that it was an inner moon in the past and was perturbed during the capture of Neptune 's largest moon Triton .

The unusual orbit suggests that it may be a captured asteroid or Kuiper belt object , or possibly that it was perturbed during the capture of Neptune 's largest moon Triton .


It is named after the Nereids , sea-nymphs of Greek mythology and attendants of the god Neptune .

It is named after the Nereids , sea-nymphs of Greek mythology .


For a long time this was the most highly eccentric orbit of any known moon in the solar system , but it has found that Bestla , a recently discovered moon of Saturn has a more eccentric orbit .


Nereid was discovered on May 1 , 1949 , by Gerard P. Kuiper , on photographic plates taken with the 82-inch telescope at the McDonald Observatory .

Nereid was found on 1 May 1949 by Gerard P. Kuiper , who suggested the name in the report of his discovery .


Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with anaerobic bacteria or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as manure , sewage , municipal waste , green waste , plant material , and crops .

Biogas means a gas produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of organic matter .


McDonald 's primarily sells hamburgers , cheeseburgers , chicken , french fries , breakfast items , soft drinks , milkshakes , and desserts .

They mainly serve hamburgers , cheeseburgers , chicken products , French fries , breakfast items , soft drinks , milkshakes and desserts .


The McDonald 's Corporation is the world 's largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants , serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries .

McDonald 's is the world 's largest chain of fast food restaurants .


Legal entities can not marry , they usually can not vote or hold public office , and in most jurisdictions there are certain positions which they can not occupy .

Legal entities can not marry , they can not vote or hold public office , and in most jurisdictions there are certain positions which they can not occupy .


There are limitations to the legal recognition of legal persons .

Some examples of legal entities include : There are limitations to the legal recognition of artificial persons .


Biblical manuscripts vary in size from tiny scrolls containing individual verses of the Jewish scriptures ( see Tefillin ) to huge polyglot codices ( multi-lingual books ) containing both the Hebrew Bible ( Tanakh ) and the New Testament , as well as extracanonical works .

They vary in size from tiny scrolls containing individual verses of the Jewish scriptures to huge polyglot codices containing both the Hebrew Bible ( Tanakh ) and the New Testament , as well as other works .


The five species of jackrabbit found in central and western North America are able to run at 64 km\/h ( 40 mph ) , and can leap up to 3m ( ten feet ) at a time .

The five species of jackrabbit found in central and western North America can run at 64 km\/h ( 40 mph ) , and can leap up to 3m ( ten feet ) at a time .


For a long time , this had been thought to be intermale competition , but closer observation has revealed it is usually a female hitting a male to prevent copulation .

For a long time , this was thought to be intermale competition , but closer observation has shown it is usually a female hitting a male to prevent copulation .


Hares are very fast-moving animals ; the European brown hare ( Lepus europaeus ) is able to run at speeds of up to 56 km\/h ( 35 mph ) .

The European brown hare ( Lepus europaeus ) runs at speeds up to 56 km\/h ( 35 mph ) .


Normally a shy animal , the European brown hare changes its behavior in spring , when hares can be seen in daytime chasing one another ; this appears to be competition between males to attain dominance ( and hence more access to breeding females ) .

This may be competition between males to attain dominance ( and hence more access to breeding females ) .


They live solitarily or in pairs , while a `` drove '' is the collective noun for a group of hares .

They live solitarily or in pairs ; a `` drove '' is the name for a group of hares .


Hares are generally larger than rabbits , with longer ears , and have black markings on their fur .

They are larger than rabbits and have black tipped ears .


For example , an asymmetrical asteroid 's light curve generally has more pronounced peaks , while a more spherical object 's light curve will be flatter .

For example , an odd shaped asteroid 's light curve generally has more pronounced peaks , while a more spherical object 's light curve will be flatter .


The study of the light curve , together with other observations , can yield considerable information about the physical process that produces it or constrain the physical theories about it .

The study of the light curve , together with other observations , can give a lot of information about the physical process that produces it or constrain the physical theories about it .


In planetology , a light curve can be used to estimate the rotation period of a minor planet , moon , or comet nucleus .

In the study of planets ( planetology ) , a light curve can be used to work out the rotation period of a minor planet , moon , or comet nucleus .


The difference between the maximum and minimum brightnesses ( the amplitude of the light curve ) can be due to the shape of the object , or to bright and dark areas on its surface .

The difference between the maximum and minimum brightness , the amplitude of the light curve , can be caused by either the shape of the object , or bright and dark areas on the surface .


Light curves can be periodic , as in the case of eclipsing binaries , Cepheid variables , other periodic variables , and transiting extrasolar planets , or aperiodic , like the light curve of a nova , a cataclysmic variable star , a supernova or a microlensing event .

Examples include the light curve of a nova , a cataclysmic variable star , a supernova or a microlensing event .


In astronomy , a light curve is a graph of light intensity of a celestial object or region , as a function of time .

In astronomy , a light curve is a graph that shows the brightness of light from a celestial object or region , as a over a certain amount of time .


In botany , a light curve shows the photosynthetic response of leaf tissue or algal communities to varying light intensities .

In botany , a light curve shows the photosynthetic response of a leaf or algae to the brightness of a light .


Thus , astronomers measure the amount of light produced by an object as a function of time ( the light curve ) .

Because of this astronomers measure the amount of light produced by the object over a period of time , its light curve .


The shape of the curve illustrates the principle of limiting factors ; in low light levels , the rate of photosynthesis is limited by the concentration of chlorophyll and the efficiency of the light-dependent reactions , but in higher light levels it is limited by the efficiency of RuBisCo and the availability of carbon dioxide .

In higher light levels it is limited by the efficiency of RuBisCO ( an enzyme ) and the amount of carbon dioxide .


The point on the curve where these two differing slopes meet is called the light saturation point and is where the light-dependent reactions are producing more ATP and NADPH than can be utilized by the light-independent reactions .

This is where the light-dependent reactions are making more ATP and NADPH than can be used by the light-independent reactions .


The time separation of peaks in the light curve gives an estimate of the rotational period of the object .

The time between the peaks on the graph gives the rotational period of the object .


In May 2005 they released their debut EP , Try This With Your Eyes Closed .

In June 2005 , the band released the first EP , Try This with Your Eyes Closed , with Tragic Hero Records .


The name of the album was then announced to be titled , A Place Where the Sun Is Silent , and was released on October 18 .

The fourth album , A Place Where The Sun Is Silent will released October 19 , 2011 , with Epitaph Records .


Alesana ( \ / ˈælɨs ˈænə \ / A-lis A-na ) is an American rock band from Raleigh , North Carolina .

Alesana ( pronounced Alice-Anna ) is a emo band formed in Raleigh , North Carolina , in the year 2004 .


Milke also revealed that the album , The Emptiness , was to be released on January 26 , 2010 .

The third studio album , The Emptiness , was released January 26 , 2010 .


In popular culture , cyanides are said to be highly toxic .


Cyanides are produced by certain bacteria , fungi , and algae and are found in a number of plants .

Certain bacteria , fungi and algae are able to produce cyanides .


This group , known as the cyano group , consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom .

In that group a carbon atom has three bonds to a nitrogen atom .


A cyanide is any chemical compound that contains monovalent combining group CN .

Organic compounds that contain the CN group are called nitriles .


In general , organic cyanides are called nitriles .

( Such substances are called derivatives of hydrogen cyanide ) .


Barack Hussein Obama II ( i\/b əˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə \ / ; born August 4 , 1961 ) is the 44th and current President of the United States , and the first African American to hold the office .

Barack Hussein Obama II ( i\/b əˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə \ / ; born August 4 , 1961 ) is the 44th and current President of the United States and the first African-American to hold the office .


Obama was born on August 4 , 1961 , at Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital ( now Kapiʻolani Medical Center for Women and Children ) in Honolulu , Hawaii , and would become the first President to have been born in Hawaii .

Obama was born on August 4 , 1961 in Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital ( now Kapiʻolani Medical Center for Women and Children ) in Honolulu , Hawaii and is the first President to have been born in Hawaii .


He died in an automobile accident in 1982 when his son was 21 years old .

He died in a motorcycle accident in Kenya in 1982 .


The school remains the oldest existing school for the deaf in North America .

The American School for the Deaf is the oldest school for the deaf in the United States .


The school was subsequently renamed the American School for the Deaf and in 1821 moved to its present site .

The school moved to its present location in 1821 and is now named The American School for the Deaf .


Louis Laurent Marie Clerc ( 26 December 1785 - 18 July 1869 ) was called `` The Apostle of the Deaf in America '' by generations of American deaf people .

Laurent Clerc ( born Louis Laurent Marie Clerc December 26 , 1785 in France - July 18 , 1869 ) co-founded the first school for the deaf ( people who can not hear ) in the United States .


Trinidad appeared in various TV commercials and his television work has included ABS-CBN 's series Gulong ng Palad in GMA 's Zorro ( where he played Zorro 's main villain , Captain Ramon Pelaez ) and in SRO Cinemaserye : Rowena Joy , Pilyang Kerubin as Abet , and Stairway to Heaven as Tristan and in the horror film Tiyanaks .

Trinidad appeared in various TV commercials and his television work has included ABS-CBN 's series Gulong ng Palad in GMA 's Zorro ( where he played Zorro 's main villain , Captain Ramon Pelaez ) and in SRO Cinemaserye : Rowena Joy , Pilyang Kerubin as Abet , and Stairway to Heaven as Tristan and in the horror movie Tiyanaks .


They had a child together whom she let his father raise in England .

They had a child whom she let his father raise in England .


Jenny wants to finally see him , but in the end is left to the stage .

Jenny wants to finally see him , but in the end is left to her true home , the stage .


Although not a huge box office success on release , it won Garland much praise for her performance .

It was not a huge box office success , but it won Garland much praise for her performance .


I Could Go On Singing is a 1963 film directed by Ronald Neame , starring Judy Garland ( in her final film role ) and Dirk Bogarde .

I Could Go On Singing is a 1963 movie starring Judy Garland and Dirk Bogarde .


She had met a man 15-16 years before who was now a prominent physician ( played by British actor Dirk Bogarde ) .

He is now a prominent physician , played by British actor Dirk Bogarde .


Mariah Carey ( born March 27 , 1969 or 1970 ) is an American singer-songwriter , actress , record producer , and philanthropist .

Mariah Carey ( born March 27 , 1969 or 1970 ) , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , actress and philanthropist .


Music Box spent prolonged periods at number one on the album charts of several countries , and eventually became one of the best-selling albums of all time , with worldwide sales of over 32 million copies .

Worldwide , it sold 32 million copies and became one of the best-selling albums of all time .


Rainbow was released on November 2 , 1999 , to the highest first week sales of her career at the time , however debuting at number two on the Billboard 200 .

On November 2 , 1999 , her seventh album Rainbow was released .


Her father , Alfred Roy , was of African American and Venezuelan ( including Afro-Venezuelan ) descent , while her mother , Patricia ( née Hickey ) , is of white Irish descent .

Her father was of African American and Venezuelan ancestry and her mother was of Irish ancestry .


It was later revealed that it would be her second Christmas album , the follow-up to Merry Christmas ( 1994 ) , which became the best-selling holiday album of all time .

Her first holiday album , Merry Christmas ( 1994 ) reached number three on the Billboard 200 chart .


Throughout 2004 , Carey focused on composing material for her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) .

Her 2005 album , The Emancipation of Mimi , became one of her most successful albums .


On August 31 , Music Box was released around the world , debuting at number-one on the Billboard 200 .

It reached number three on the Billboard 200 .


Scared of the cross , he left the stone and fled .

Scared of the cross , he left the stone , and fled .


However , the valley is very narrow , featuring the dangerous river Reuss .

However , the valley is very narrow , featuring a dangerous river Reuss .


The condition attached to the construction was that the Devil would get the soul of the first to pass over the bridge .

The condition attached was that the devil should get the soul of the first to pass over the bridge .


By the middle of the 20th century , the second bridge was no longer able to handle the volume of traffic it received .

In the middle of the 20th century , the second bridge was no longer able to handle the traffic .


On his way to the bridge however , he encountered an old believing woman with a cross .

On his way to the ridge however , he encountered an old believing woman with a cross .


In 1977 , the stone was moved 127 meters to make way for the new motorway passing over the St. Gotthard Pass , at a cost of 300,000 Swiss Francs .

300.000 Swiss Francs were used in 1977 to shift the stone 127 meters to make way for the motorway passing over the St. Gotthard pass .


A concrete bridge , featuring two lanes ( one for each direction ) was built in 1958 to accommodate heavier flow .

A third bridge , featuring two lanes , one for each direction , was built in 1958 .


Angered by the trick , the Devil went to pick up a large stone ( called Teufelsstein , the Devil 's Stone ) in order to smash the bridge to pieces .

Of course , the devil was furious , so he went to pick up a large stone ( called Teufelsstein , the devil 's stone ) .


The Schöllenen Gorge ( Schöllenenschlucht ) is an important access route to the St. Gotthard Pass .

The valley called Schöllenenschlucht is an important access route to the St. Gotthard alpine pass .


According to a local myth , building the first bridge was very hard and so the Devil himself agreed to build it .

According to a local myth , the first bridge was built by the devil himself .


This was a wooden bridge and had to be replaced often owing to weather damage .


The first bridge was completely destroyed during a storm in 1888 .

The first bridge was completely destroyed in a stormy night in 1888 .


Their opponent was then asked whether the actual number was higher or lower than the previous contestant 's response .

The other contestant would then say whether they thought the actual number was higher or lower than the first contestant 's guess .


Mild white mustard ( Sinapis hirta ) grows wild in North Africa , the Middle East and Mediterranean Europe , and has spread farther by long cultivation ; oriental mustard ( Brassica juncea ) , originally from the foothills of the Himalaya , is grown commercially in India , Canada , the UK , Denmark and the US ; black mustard ( Brassica nigra ) is grown in Argentina , Chile , the US and some European countries .

Mild white mustard ( Sinapis hirta ) grows wild in North Africa , the Middle East and Mediterranean Europe and has spread farther by long cultivation ; brown or Indian mustard ( B. juncea ) , originally from the foothills of the Himalaya , is grown commercially in the UK , Canada and the US ; black mustard ( B. nigra ) in Argentina , Chile , the US and some European countries .


An interesting genetic relationship between many species of mustard has been observed , and is described as the Triangle of U.

An interesting genetic relationship between many species of mustard have been observed .


The seeds can also be pressed to make mustard oil , and the edible leaves can be eaten as mustard greens .

The seeds can also be pressed , to give a kind of oil called mustard oil .


Mustard plant are any of several plant species in the genera Brassica and Sinapis .

These plants belong to the genera Brassica or Sinapis .


This slow movement of the financial system from stability to fragility , followed by crisis , is something for which Minsky is best known , and the phrase `` Minsky moment '' refers to this aspect of Minsky 's academic work .

This slow movement of the financial system from stability to fragility , followed by crisis , is something for which Minsky is best known , and the phrase `` Minsky moment '' refers to it .


Hyman Philip Minsky ( September 23 , 1919 - October 24 , 1996 ) was an American economist , a professor of economics at Washington University in St. Louis , and a distinguished scholar at the Levy Economics Institute of Bard College .

Hyman Philip Minsky ( September 23 , 1919 - October 24 , 1996 ) was an American economist , a professor of economics at Washington University in St. Louis .


Minsky is sometimes described as a post-Keynesian economist because , in the Keynesian tradition , he supported some government intervention in financial markets , opposed some of the financial deregulation policies popular in the 1980s , stressed the importance of the Federal Reserve as a lender of last resort and argued against the over-accumulation of private debt in the financial markets .

Minsky is sometimes described as a post-Keynesian economist because , like Keynes , he supported some government intervention in financial markets .


His research attempted to provide an understanding and explanation of the characteristics of financial crises , which he attributed to swings in a potentially fragile financial system .

He gave an explanation of financial crises , caused by swings in a potentially fragile financial system .


It was at the University of California , Berkeley that seminars attended by Bank of America executives helped him to develop his theories about lending and economic activity , views he laid out in two books , John Maynard Keynes ( 1975 ) , a classic study of the economist and his contributions , and Stabilizing an Unstable Economy ( 1986 ) , and more than a hundred professional articles .

His views were published in two books , John Maynard Keynes ( 1975 ) , a classic study of the economist and his contributions , and Stabilizing an Unstable Economy ( 1986 ) , and more than a hundred professional articles .


Minsky proposed theories linking financial market fragility , in the normal life cycle of an economy , with speculative investment bubbles endogenous to financial markets .

He linked financial market fragility with speculative investment bubbles in financial markets .


Minsky claimed that in prosperous times , when corporate cash flow rises beyond what is needed to pay off debt , a speculative euphoria develops , and soon thereafter debts exceed what borrowers can pay off from their incoming revenues , which in turn produces a financial crisis .

Soon debts exceed what borrowers can pay off from their income , which produces a financial crisis .


As a result of such speculative borrowing bubbles , banks and lenders tighten credit availability , even to companies that can afford loans , and the economy subsequently contracts .

As a result , banks and lenders tighten credit , even to companies that can afford loans .


These include : `` The Heart of Neolithic Orkney '' was inscribed as a World Heritage site in December 1999 .

It has been included in the World Heritage Site , Heart of Neolithic Orkney .


On 19 November 1679 , Marie Louise married Charles in person in Quintanapalla , near Burgos , Spain .

On 19 November 1679 , Marie Louise and Charles II were married in-person in Quintanapalla , near Burgos , Spain .


Her French attendants were accused of plotting against the king and his family and , as a result , one of her personal maids was tortured based on such accusations .

Her French attendants were all accused of plotting against the king and his family and , as a result , one of her personal maids was tortured under allegations .


It seems likely that the real cause of Marie Louise 's death was appendicitis .

At the time , there were rumors that she had been poisoned but it seems likely that the real cause of Marie Louise 's death was appendicitis .


Marie Louise confided in the French ambassador , that After years of trying and of increasing homesickness of her happy years in France with her family , Marie Louise turned to food .


The proxy marriage ceremony took place at the Palace of Fontainebleau on 30 August 1679 ; standing for the groom was her distant cousin Louis Armand I , Prince of Conti .

The proxy marriage ceremony took place at the Palace of Fontainebleau on 30 August 1679 .


Marie Louise of Orléans ( 26 March 1662 - 12 February 1689 ) was Queen consort of Spain from 1679 to 1689 as the first wife of King Charles II of Spain .

Marie Louise d'Orléans ( 26 March 1662 - 12 February 1689 ) was the first wife of King Charles II of Spain .


She was a granddaughter of Louis XIII of France ; this made her a petite-fille de France ( `` Granddaughter of France '' ) .

She was a granddaughter of Louis XIII of France .


However , the confining etiquette of the Spanish Court ( touching the Queen was forbidden ) , and her unsuccessful attempts to bear a child caused her distress .

The very rigid etiquette of the Spanish Court ( it was even forbidden to touch the Queen ) , and her unsuccessful attempts to bear a child , however , caused her to suffer from depression .


Her new husband had fallen in love with her and remained so until the end of his life .

Her new husband had fallen madly in love with her , whose beauty and charm were renowned , and his passion for her remained with him until the end of his life .


Marie Louise d'Orléans , Mademoiselle d'Orléans at birth , was born at the Palais Royal in Paris .

Marie Louise d'Orléans was born at the Palais Royal in Paris and was the eldest daughter of Philippe of France and Henrietta of England .


In her adopted country , she was known as María Luisa de Orleans .

In her adopted country , she was known as Maria Luisa de Orléans .


Charming , pretty and graceful , Marie Louise , who was her father 's favorite child , had a happy childhood , residing most of the time in the Palais-Royal , and at the Château de Saint-Cloud situated a few kilometers west of Paris .

Charming , pretty and graceful , Marie Louise was her father 's favorite and she had a happy childhood .


Darwinopterus ( meaning `` Darwin 's wing '' ) is a genus of pterosaur , discovered in China and named after biologist Charles Darwin .

Darwinopterus ( meaning `` Darwin 's wing '' ) is a genus of pterosaur , discovered in China and named after Charles Darwin .


In modern birds , the eggshell is hardened with calcium , completely shielding the embryo from the outside environment .

In modern birds , the eggshell is hardened with calcium carbonate , completely shielding the embryo from the outside environment .


Soft-shelled eggs are permeable , and allow significant amounts of water to be absorbed into the egg during development .

Soft-shelled eggs are permeable to water , and allow significant amounts to be absorbed into the egg during development .


David Unwin , a co-author of the paper , suggested that Darwinopterus probably laid many small eggs at a time and buried them , and that juveniles could fly upon hatching , requiring little to no parental care .

David Unwin , a co-author of the paper , suggested that Darwinopterus probably laid many small eggs at a time and buried them .


While it had a long tail and other features characteristic of the ` rhamphorhynchoids ' , it also had distinct pterodactyloid features , such as long vertebrae in the neck and a single skull opening in front of the eyes , the nasoantorbital fenestra ( in most ` rhamphorhynchoids ' , the antorbital fenestra and the nasal opening are separate ) .

Darwinopterus had long tails and other features of rhamphorhynchoids , they also had distinct pterodactyloid features , such as long vertebrae in the neck and a single skull opening in front of the eyes .


Between 30 and 40 fossil specimens have been identified , all collected from the Tiaojishan Formation , which dates to the middle Jurassic period , 161-160 .5 Ma ago .

Between 30 and 40 fossil specimens have been found , all collected from the Tiaojishan Formation , which dates to the Middle Jurassic , 160 million years ago ( mya ) .


D. modularis was the first known pterosaur to display features of both long-tailed ( ` rhamphorhynchoid ' ) and short-tailed ( pterodactyloid ) pterosaurs , and was described as a transitional fossil between the two groups .

It is the first known pterosaur to display features of both long-tailed ( rhamphorhynchoid ) and short-tailed ( pterodactyloid ) pterosaurs .


The specimen preserved along with an egg ( nicknamed `` Mrs T '' ) , described by Lü and colleagues in 2011 , offers insight into the reproductive strategies of Darwinopterus and pterosaurs in general .

The specimen preserved along with an egg gave information on the reproductive strategies of Darwinopterus and pterosaurs in general .


A gluten-free diet ( GF diet ) is a diet that excludes foods containing gluten .

A Gluten-free diet is a diet that excludes foods containing gluten .


A gluten-free diet might also exclude oats .

Some gluten-free diets also exclude oats .


Some non-foodstuffs such as medications and vitamin supplements , especially those in tablet form , may contain gluten as an excipient or binding agent .

Some non-foods , such as medications and vitamin supplements , especially those in tablet form , may contain gluten as a binding agent .


A gluten-free diet is the only medically accepted treatment for celiac disease .

A gluten-free diet is the only medically accepted treatment for wheat allergy and coeliac disease ( in North America , it is usually spelled `` celiac disease '' ) .


A gluten-free diet rules out all ordinary breads , pastas , and many convenience foods ; it also excludes gravies , custards , soups , and sauces thickened with wheat , rye , barley , or other gluten-containing flour .

Most breads , cakes , pastas\/noodles , beers and pizzas are made with gluten .


Spirits made without any grain such as brandy , wine , mead , cider , sherry , port , rum , tequila , and vermouth generally do not contain gluten .

Majority types of whiskey and beer contain gluten as using grains is necessary part of production .


The division also includes parts of Castle Hill , North Rocks , Northmead , Maraylya , Rouse Hill and West Pennant Hills .

It also includes parts of Castle Hill , North Rocks , Northmead , Maraylya , Rouse Hill and West Pennant Hills .


The division is named after Major Thomas Mitchell , surveyor and explorer who was the first European to explore large areas of New South Wales and Victoria .

It is named after Major Thomas Mitchell , surveyor and explorer who was the first European to explore large areas of New South Wales and Victoria .


The division is located in the north-west suburbs of Sydney , and includes the entire suburbs of Baulkham Hills , Beaumont Hills , Bella Vista , Box Hill , Kellyville , Nelson and Winston Hills .

It includes Baulkham Hills , Beaumont Hills , Bella Vista , Box Hill , Kellyville , Nelson and Winston Hills .


A descending string passage represents the subsequent retreat of the French forces , followed by victory bells and a triumphant repetition of O Lord , Save Thy People as Moscow burns to deny winter quarters to the French .

A descending string passage represents the following retreat of the French forces , followed by victory bells and a triumphant repetition of God Preserve Thy People as Moscow burns to deny winter quarters to the French .


The overture utilizes counterpoint to reinforce the appearance of the leitmotif that represents the Russian forces throughout the piece .

The overture uses counterpoint to reinforce the appearance of the leitmotif that represents the Russian forces throughout the song .


The overture is best known for its climactic volley of cannon fire , ringing chimes , and brass fanfare finale .

The overture is best known for its climactic volley of cannon fire and ringing chimes .


was the Russian national anthem in Tchaikovsky 's time , it had not been written in 1812 .

was the Russian National Anthem in Tchaikovsky 's time .


A musical chase scene appears , out of which emerges the anthem God Save the Tsar !


Out of it , the anthem `` God Save the Tsar ! ''


At the turning point of the invasion-the Battle of Borodino-the score calls for five Russian cannon shots confronting a boastfully repetitive fragment of La Marseillaise .

At the turning point of the invasion - the Battle of Borodino - the score calls for five Russian cannon shots .


Beginning with the plaintive Russian melody of the Eastern Orthodox Troparion of the Holy Cross ( also known as `` O Lord , Save Thy People '' ) played by four cellos and two violas , the piece moves through a mixture of pastoral and martial themes portraying the increasing distress of the Russian people at the hands of the invading French .

The Overture begins with the plaintive Russian Orthodox Troparion of the Holy Cross ( `` God Preserve Thy People '' ) played by eight cellos and four violas .


There was no official Russian anthem until 1815 , from which time until 1833 the anthem was Molitva russkikh , Prayer of the Russians , sung to the tune of God Save the King .

There was no official Russian anthem until 1815 .


This passage includes a Russian folk dance , At the Gate , at my Gate ( U Vorot , Vorot '' ) .

The Overture includes the Russian folk dance `` At the Gate , at my Gate . ''


A total of sixteen cannon shots are written into the score of the Overture .

The 1812 Overture is written for an orchestra which uses following music instruments : Woodwinds 1 Piccolo 2 Flutes 2 Oboes 1 English Horn 2 Clarinets in B-flat 2 Bassoons Brass 4 Horns in F 2 Cornets in B-flat 2 Trumpets in E-flat 3 Trombones 1 Tuba Percussion Timpani Bass Drum Snare Drum Cymbals Tambourine Triangle Carillon Cannon Brass Band Strings Violins I , II Violas Violoncellos Double basses Sixteen cannon shots are written into the score of the Overture .


His academic work included pioneering contributions to the study of investment , monetary and fiscal policy and financial markets .

Tobin 's academic work included pioneering contributions to the study of investment , monetary and fiscal policy and financial markets .


Outside of academia , Tobin was widely known for his suggestion of a tax on foreign exchange transactions , now known as the `` Tobin tax '' .

Outside academia , Tobin became widely known for his suggestion of a tax on foreign exchange transactions , now known as the `` Tobin tax '' .


This was designed to reduce speculation in the international currency markets , which he saw as dangerous and unproductive .

This was designed to reduce speculation on currency markets , which he saw as unproductive .


James Tobin ( March 5 , 1918 - March 11 , 2002 ) was an American economist who , in his lifetime , served on the Council of Economic Advisors and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System , and taught at Harvard and Yale Universities .

James Tobin ( March 5 , 1918 - March 11 , 2002 ) was an American economist .


He developed the ideas of Keynesian economics , and advocated government intervention to stabilize output and avoid recessions .

He promoted and developed the ideas of Keynesian economics .


It was not even possible to question the finder about the circumstances , because by the time the material arrived at the British Museum for study , he was terminally ill , and he died about a month later , in July 1980 .

It was not even possible to question the finder about the circumstances : by the time the material arrived at the British Museum for study , he was terminally ill , and he died about a month later , in July 1980 .


The find was made under very unfortunate circumstances .

The find was made under unfortunate circumstances .


Coordinates : 52 ° 24 ′ N 0 ° 44 ′ E \ / 52.400 ° N 0.733 ° E \ / 52.400 ; 0.733 The Thetford Hoard ( also known as the Thetford Treasure ) is a hoard of Romano-British metalwork found at Gallows Hill , near Thetford in Norfolk , England , in November 1979 , and now in the British Museum .

Coordinates : 52 ° 24 ′ N 0 ° 44 ′ E \ / 52.4 ° N 0.733 ° E \ / 52.4 ; 0.733 The Thetford Hoard , or Thetford Treasure , is a hoard of Romano-British metalwork found at Gallows Hill , near Thetford in Norfolk , in November 1979 .


By the time archaeologists learned of the find several months later , the findspot had been built over , making proper archaeological investigation impossible .

By the time archaeologists learned of the find several months later , the place had been built over , which made proper archaeological investigation impossible .


The full account of the circumstances of the discovery is related in the standard catalogue .

The full account of the circumstances of the discovery is told in the standard catalogue .


He recovered the material in great haste , probably overlooking some small items , and because he knew he had no legal right to search in that area , he did not , as the law requires , report his discovery to the authorities .

The finder recovered the material in great haste , probably overlooking some small items , because he knew he had no legal right to search in that area .


The finder was metal-detecting without the knowledge and permission of the owners of the site , which had recently been cleared for building work , and made his discovery late on a November day , in failing light .

The site had been recently cleared for building work , and the finder was using a metal-detector without the knowledge and permission of the owners of the site .


Persistent rumors that the treasure originally included coins have never been confirmed or convincingly rejected , but even if there were no coins , it is quite likely that the group as we see it now is incomplete .

There were persistent rumors that the treasure originally included coins , and probably the group as we see it now is incomplete .


Strikes became common during the Industrial Revolution , when mass labor became important in factories and mines .

They became important during the Industrial Revolution , when many worked in factories and mines .


A sympathy strike is , in a way , a small scale version of a general strike in which one group of workers refuses to cross a picket line established by another as a means of supporting the striking workers .

A sympathy strike is a strike that is done to support another group of workers on strike .


The use of the English word `` strike '' first appeared in 1768 , when sailors , in support of demonstrations in London , `` struck '' or removed the topgallant sails of merchant ships at port , thus crippling the ships .

The word gets its name from modern times : in 1768 , sailors in London `` struck '' or removed the sails of trade ships at port .


Sympathy strikes may be undertaken by a union as an organization or by individual union members choosing not to cross a picket line .

Most unions will also not cross a picket line and do business with companies on strike .


Opposition to uranium mining has played a central role in Pino 's life .

Opposition to uranium mining has played a big role in Pino 's life .


He has spoken at many international conferences , including the 1992 World Uranium Hearing in Salzburg , Austria , about victims of uranium mining , depleted uranium , and associated cancer deaths .

He has spoken out at many international conferences about victims of uranium mining , depleted uranium , and associated cancer deaths .


Manuel Pino is a professor at Scottsdale Community College in Arizona , who comes from a village of the Tewa people west of Albuquerque , New Mexico .

Manuel Pino is a professor at Scottsdale Community College in Arizona .


The theme for his sociology dissertation was The Destructive Impact of Uranium Mining on Native American Culture .

He has written about The Destructive Impact of Uranium Mining on Native American Culture .


In 1896 , delegates from the stronger and wealthier VFA clubs-Carlton , Collingwood , Essendon , Fitzroy , Geelong , Melbourne , St Kilda and South Melbourne-met to form a breakaway competition and in 1897 , the Victorian Football League ( VFL ) , was born as an eight-team competition .

The first clubs were Carlton , Collingwood , Essendon , Fitzroy , Geelong , Melbourne , St Kilda , and South Melbourne .


The league changed its name to the Australian Football League ( AFL ) following the 1989 season .

Years later other teams joined in : In 1990 the Victorian Football League was changed to the Australian Football League ( AFL ) .


The Melbourne Football Club 's rules of 1859 are the oldest surviving set of laws for Australian football .

The Melbourne Football Club was founded on 14 May 1859 ; the Melbourne Football Club is one of the oldest surviving football clubs in the world .


Since the 1980s , the theory that Australian football comes from the Aboriginal game of Marn Grook has also gained attention .

It has been suggested that Australian Rules Football is based in part on Marn Grook , an Aboriginal game with some similar rules to Australian Rules Football .


Australian rules football , officially known as Australian football , also called football , footy or Aussie rules , ( and in some regions marketed as AFL after the Australian Football League , the pre-eminent and fully professional Australian football league in the country ) , is a sport played between two teams of eighteen players on the field of either an Australian football ground , a modified cricket field , or a similarly sized sports venue .

The main league of Australian rules football is the Australian Football League .


Australian football has the highest spectator attendance of all sports in Australia .

Australian rules football is a sport created in Australia .


The main way to score points is by kicking the ball between the two tall goal posts .

Players score points by kicking the ball between the poles .


The earliest known such match was played on 15 June 1858 between Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar School on the St Kilda foreshore .

A game of football was played between Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar School .


The adaptive unconscious is a set of mental processes influencing judgment and decision making , in a way that is inaccessible to introspective awareness .

The adaptive unconscious is a set of unconscious mental processes influencing judgment and decision making .


The adaptive unconscious is distinguished from conscious processing in a number of ways , including being faster , effortless , more focused on the present , and less flexible .

It is different from conscious processing : it is faster , effortless , more focused on the present , but less flexible .


The twist was that half of the students were primed by a question asking to them to identify their race .

One group were asked to identify their race ; the other was not .


There were three major candidates : Incumbent Republican President George H. W. Bush ; Democratic Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton , and independent Texas businessman Ross Perot .

The three main people running were : George H. W. Bush , a Republican from Texas and the President ; Bill Clinton , who was a Democrat and Governor of Arkansas ; and Ross Perot an Independent candidate .


The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election .

The United States presidential election of 1992 was on November 3 , 1992 in the United States .


The current governor general is David Lloyd Johnston , who has served since 1 October 2010 ; Prime Minister Stephen Harper recommended him to succeed Michaëlle Jean .

David Lloyd Johnston is the current Governor General of Canada .


The village is also home to a 15th Century , Grade II listed lodge , formerly known as Bishops Lodge , built in 1480 by the Bishop of Norwich .

The Swan occupies a 15th Century , Grade II listed lodge , formerly known as Bishops Lodge .


Storm and Nightcrawler find the students .

Storm and Nightcrawler find the six mutants and rescue them .


X2 ( often promoted as X2 : X-Men United , or internationally as X-Men 2 ) is a 2003 American superhero film , based on the X-Men superhero team appearing in Marvel Comics , distributed by 20th Century Fox .

X2 ( known as X-Men 2 : X-Men United in advertising ) is a 2003 superhero movie .


Pyro uses his fire-projection power to fend off the police , and Rogue halts him when he begins attacking savagely .

Pyro uses his power - he can control fire - and pushes the police away .


The Soho Theatre Company was formed in 1969 by Verity Bargate and Fred Proud , and initially performed at a venue in Old Compton Street .

The Soho Theatre was formed in 1969 by Verity Bargate and Fred Proud at Old Compton Street in Soho .


The theater is also home to a Writers ' Centre , which provides support to new writers , aimed at developing writers to work in theater as well as film , TV and radio .

The theater is also home to a Writers ' Centre which helps to develop new writers to work in theater , as well as film , television , and radio .


Soho Theatre is a theater and registered charity in the eponymous Soho district of the City of Westminster .

Soho Theatre is a theater in the Soho district of the City of Westminster in London , England .


It presents new works of theater , together with comedy and cabaret , across three performance spaces .

It presents new works of theater , together with comedy and cabaret .


The purpose-built venue houses the 150-seat Soho Theatre , the 90-seat Soho Upstairs , and the cabaret space , Soho Downstairs .

The present building has a 140-seat hall and an 85\/100-seat studio .


In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering , a gravitational slingshot , gravity assist maneuver , or swing-by is the use of the relative movement ( e.g. orbit around the sun ) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft , typically in order to save propellant , time , and expense .

A gravitational slingshot , gravity assist maneuver or swing-by is the use of the relative movement and gravity of a planet to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft , typically in order to save fuel , time , and expense .


Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate ( both positively and negatively ) and\/or re-direct the path of a spacecraft .

Gravity assistance can be used to speed up , slow down and\/or change the path of a spacecraft .


Mining came to an end in the 1920s and many of these mines are still on view for tourists .

Mining came to an end in the 1920s and many of these mines are still on view for any tourists .


The village is about five miles ( 8 km ) north of Redruth and ten miles ( 16 km ) southwest of Newquay .

St Agnes is about five miles ( 8 km ) north of Redruth and ten miles ( 16 km ) southwest of Newquay .


The coastal area is maintained by the National Trust and is designated part of the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty ( AONB ) .

The coastal area is part of the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty ( AONB ) and St Agnes Beacon is a local landmark .


St Agnes is a popular tourist destination .

St Agnes is a large village on the north coast of Cornwall , United Kingdom , and a popular tourist destination .


The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy ( or Muhammad cartoons crisis ) ( Danish : Muhammedkrisen ) began after 12 editorial cartoons , most of which depicted the Islamic prophet Muhammad , were published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten on 30 September 2005 .

The crisis began after cartoons depicting the Islamic prophet Muhammad were published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten on September 30 , 2005 .


In 1987 , he started a new career in film distribution by acquiring , from the producer Robert Dorfmann , by one of its companies , the Financière Robur , Cofragec company with its catalog of 650 films including La Grande Vadrouille or La Vache et le Prisonnier .

In 1987 , he started a new career into film distribution by acquiring , from the producer Robert Dorfmann , by one of its companies , the Financière Robur , Cofragec company with its catalog of 650 films including La Grande Vadrouille or La Vache et le Prisonnier .


In 1989 , he started a political career in Haute-Marne , a department where which his grandfather Charles de Rouvre was a deputy during the Third Republic .

In 1989 , he starts a political career in Haute-Marne , department where which his grandfather Charles de Rouvre was deputy during the French Third Republic .


Owner of the Formula 1 team AGS from March 1989 to 1991 , he swallowed $ 18 million and began selling activities of his group , about 70 companies : First Transair , then the sugar factory , sold to the Compagnie de Navigation Mixte , and in 1992 , the catalog of movies , lent to UGC in the form of a merger .

Owner of the Formula 1 team AGS from March 1989 to 1991 , he swallowed $ 18 million and began selling activities of his group , about 70 companies : First Transair , then the sugar factory , sold to the Compagnie de Navigation Mixte , and in 1992 , the catalog movies , lent to UGC in the form of a merger .


But the involvement of Cyril de Rouvre lasted only one season because of legal troubles .

But the involvement of Cyril de Rouvre lasts only one season because of legal troubles .


Cyril Hubert Marie Bourlon de Rouvre is a French businessman and politician , born 19 December 1945 at Boulogne-Billancourt .

Cyril Hubert Marie Bourlon de Rouvre is a French businessman and politician born the 19th of December 1945 at Boulogne-Billancourt .


The 14 December 1993 , the judge Eva Joly incarcerated him at the Fleury-Mérogis Prison , as part of a complaint for fraud filed by the leaders of UGC , Guy Verrecchia and Alain Sussfeld , following the takeover in June 1992 the company Cofragec .

The 14th of December 1993 , the judge Eva Joly incarcerated him at the Fleury-Mérogis Prison , as part of a complaint for fraud filed by the leaders of UGC , Guy Verrecchia and Alain Sussfeld , following the takeover in June 1992 the company Cofragec .


In 1979 , upon the death of his father ( who was murdered by his valet ) , he inherited large real estate holdings , a sugar refinery and 28 companies .

In 1979 , at the death of his father , murdered by his valet , he inherits a large real estate holdings , a sugar refinery and 28 companies .


With its new owner , the team started to again be competitive - the 1993 season was a success , with a 5th place in the constructor 's championship ( the team 's best result since 1986 ) .

With his new owner , the team start again to be competitive and the 1993 season is a success , with a 5th place in the constructor rank ( the best results since 1986 ) .


After studies at the collège Maspero in Paris , then at the collège Saint-Martin de France in Pontoise , the Oratory School ( disambiguation needed ) in Reading , the Collège Saint-Jean in Fribourg and at the Lycée Janson-de-Sailly , Cyril Bourlon de Rouvre studied electrical engineering at Jussieu before graduating as an aerospace engineer at the Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées .

After studies at the collège Maspero in Paris , then at the collège Saint-Martin de France in Pontoise , at the Oratory School in Reading , at the Collège Saint-Jean in Fribourg and at the Lycée Janson-de-Sailly , Cyril Bourlon de Rouvre study electrical engineering at Jussieu before being graduate aerospace engineer at the Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées .


He was elected mayor of Chaumont , as an independent ( classified as miscellaneous right ) against the centrist senator and mayor Georges Berchet , and regional councilor for the Champagne-Ardenne region ( 1992-1998 ) .

He is elected mayor of Chaumont , without political party against the centrist senator and mayor Georges Berchet , and regional councilor for the region Champagne-Ardenne ( 1992-1998 ) .


In 1992 , Cyril de Rouvre bought the Formula 1 team Ligier for an estimated price of 200 million of francs .

In 1992 , Cyril de Rouvre buys the Formula 1 team Guy Ligier for an estimated price of 200 million of francs .


He lost the mayoralty of Chaumont at the French municipal elections of 1995 .

He lost the mayor of Chaumont at the French municipal elections of 1995 .


Knowing that the prosecution had requested a sentence of three years imprisonment and a 20-year ban on company management , he was sentenced on 19 December 1999 , his birthday , to a suspended sentence of 18 months imprisonment ' a ban from managing a company for 3 years , and a large fine .

Knowing that the prosecution had asked him against three years imprisonment and 20-year ban on company management , he is sentenced the 19th of December 1999 , date of his birthday , to 18 months imprisonment suspended and a ban from managing a company for 3 years and a fine large tax .


He became CEO of Financière Robur et de Cofragec ( 1982-1992 ) , Coficine ( 1984-1992 ) and many other companies .

He is CEO of Financière Robur et de Cofragec ( 1982-1992 ) , of Coficine ( 1984-1992 ) , of Gestimage ( 1985-1992 ) , of Fabriques Sucre company ( 1987-1992 ) , of Robur DA ( 1988-1992 ) , of SFDIC ( 1990-1992 ) , general manager of Éditions Robur ( 1986-1992 ) , of Elphora ( 1983-1992 ) , of Société Joyeux ( 1985-1992 ) , of Vrille ( 1987-1992 ) , of 3C ( 1988-1992 ) and of the Films de La Tour ( 1989-1992 ) .


The giant oceanic manta ray ( Manta birostris ) is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae , and the largest type of ray in the world .

The manta ray ( Manta birostris ) is the largest species of the rays .


Although not as successful as The Offspring 's albums between Smash and Conspiracy of One , Splinter received gold certification two months after its release .

While the album was not as successful as The Offspring 's albums between Smash and Conspiracy of One , Splinter received gold certification two months after its release .


Splinter is the seventh studio album by American punk rock band The Offspring , released on December 9 , 2003 .

Splinter is the seventh album by American punk rock band The Offspring , released in 2003 .


It debuted at 30 on the U.S. Billboard 200 with around 87,000 copies sold in its first week .

It debuted at 30 on the US Billboard 200 with around 87,000 copies sold in its first week , and has sold more than 1.8 million copies worldwide .


The album received average reviews , but still sold reasonably well .

The album received average reviews , but still sold reasonably well , even though a third U.S. single was never released .


It was the first album the band released without drummer Ron Welty and also the first to have a Parental Advisory label on some album covers , even though many of their previous albums contain profanity .

It was the first album the band released without drummer Ron Welty and even though many of their previous albums contain explicit langugage , it was the first to have a Parental Advisory .


Robert Sacre ( born June 6 , 1989 ) is a professional basketball player who currently plays for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .

He is a center for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .


After playing college basketball for the Gonzaga Bulldogs , he was selected by the Los Angeles Lakers with the last overall pick in the second round of the 2012 NBA Draft .

He was drafted by the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2nd round with the 60th overall pick in the 2012 NBA Draft .


Marian Lois Robinson ( née Shields ; July 30 , 1937 ) is the mother of Michelle Robinson and the mother-in-law of President Barack Obama .

Marian Lois Robinson ( née Shields ; July 30 , 1937 ) is the mother of Michelle Obama and mother-in-law of President Barack Obama .


She married Fraser Robinson on October 27 , 1960 in Chicago .

Robinson married Fraser Robinson on October 27 , 1960 .


He has become the coach of the Oregon State University men 's basketball team .

Craig is the current coach of the Oregon State University men 's basketball team .


Early in January 2009 , it was reported that Robinson would move into the White House with the rest of the First Family in order to provide further transition support for her granddaughters .

Early in January 2009 , it was reported that Robinson would move into the White House with the rest of the First Family ( the president 's family ) , so that she could continue to care for her granddaughters .


While Michelle and Barack Obama campaigned in 2008 , Robinson tended her granddaughters .

While Michelle and Barack Obama campaigned in 2008 , Robinson cared for her granddaughters .


Married , he has a daughter Leslie Robinson , and two sons , Avery and Austin Robinson .

She also has one granddaughter , Leslie Robinson , and two grandsons , Avery and Austin Robinson , from her son , Craig Robinson .


She is the first live-in grandmother there since Elivera M. Doud , the mother of Mamie Eisenhower , during the Eisenhower administration .

She is the first grandmother to live in the White House since Elivera M. Doud during the Eisenhower administration .


They had a daughter Michelle , and son Craig .

In addition to their daughter Michelle , they also had a son , Craig .


Some media outlets have dubbed Robinson the `` First Granny . ''

Some news agencies have called Robinson the `` First Granny . ''


Robinson formerly worked as a secretary for mail-order retailer Spiegel and at a bank .

Robinson was formerly a secretary for mail-order retailer Spiegel and at a bank .


Following on from this , in 1857 Louis Pasteur also designed vaccines against several diseases such as anthrax , fowl cholera and rabies as well as pasteurization for food preservation .

He offered method for food preservation ( pasteurization ) and vaccines against anthrax , fowl cholera and rabies .


There are four kinds of microorganisms that cause infectious disease : bacteria , fungi , parasites and viruses .

Medical microbiology , also known as '' ` clinical microbiology '' ' , is the study of microbes , such as bacteria , viruses , fungi and parasites , which cause a human illness and their role in the disease .


The Premier , Sir Stanley Argyle , included three of them in his eight-person cabinet , including Menzies as Deputy Premier .

In 1932 the Premier , Sir Stanley Argyle , included three of them in his eight-person cabinet , including Menzies as Deputy Premier .


Around 1929 , Robert Menzies , then a member of the Victorian Legislative Council , joined with Wilfrid Kent Hughes to form the Young Nationalists Organisation .

Around 1929 Robert Menzies , a member of the Victorian Parliament , joined with Wilfrid Kent Hughes to form the Young Nationalists Organisation .


Page 's demand finally gave them an excuse to dump Hughes , and Hughes was forced to resign in January 1923 .

Page 's demand finally gave them an excuse , and without support Hughes was forced to resign in January 1923 .


In October Hughes held a plebiscite to try to gain approval for conscription , but the plebiscite was narrowly defeated .

In October Hughes held a plebiscite to get support to start conscription , but the plebiscite was narrowly defeated .


The Nationalist Party held government ( at times in coalition ) until 1929 .

The Nationalist Party held government until 1929 .


Bruce even lost his own seat , and was succeeded as leader by former Attorney-General John Latham .

He was succeeded as leader by former Attorney-General John Latham .


Half the UAP members elected in the 1932 Victorian state election were Young Nationalists , almost trebling their parliamentary representation .

Half the UAP members elected in the 1932 Victorian state election were Young Nationalists .


That February , the two groups formally merged to form the Nationalist Party , with Hughes as leader and Cook as deputy leader .

In February 1917 , the two groups joined to form the Nationalist Party , with Hughes as leader and Cook as deputy leader .


The Young Nationalists followed the UAP into the Liberal Party , and formed the nucleus of the new party 's youth wing , the Young Liberals .

The Young Nationalists followed the UAP into the Liberal Party , and Menzies formed the Young Liberals to replace them .


In October 1915 Labor Prime Minister Andrew Fisher retired and Hughes was chosen unanimously by the Labor caucus to succeed him .

In October 1915 Prime Minister Andrew Fisher retired .


Hughes and his followers formed a minority Government ( briefly using the title `` National Labor '' ) , with support from Cook and his Commonwealth Liberal Party .

Hughes and his followers formed a new party , the National Labor Party .


The price , however , was high-five seats in cabinet ( out of 11 ) , including the Treasurer 's post and the number-two position in the ministry for Page .

The Country Party demanded five seats in cabinet ( out of 11 ) , including the Treasurer 's post and the deputy Prime Minister position for Page .


When the Federal Parliamentary Labor caucus met on 14 November 1916 , lengthy discussions ensued until Hughes walked out with 24 other Labor members .

When the Federal Parliamentary Labor caucus met on 14 November 1916 , there was a lot of argument .


The remaining 43 members of Caucus then passed their motion of no confidence in the leadership , effectively expelling Hughes and the other members .

The remaining 43 members passed a motion of no confidence in the leadership .


Hughes and the Nationalists governed on their own until the elections of 1922 , when the newly emerged Country Party gained the balance of power in the House of Representatives .

Hughes and the Nationalists governed on their own until the elections of 1922 .


However , the Country Party had never liked Hughes ' rural policy , and their leader , Earle Page let it be known that he would not serve under him .

However , the Country Party did not like Hughes ' rural policy .


Hughes , after receiving a vote of confidence in his leadership by his party , resigned as Prime Minister but , as there were no alternative candidates , the Governor-General , Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson , immediately re-commissioned him , thus allowing him to remain as Prime Minister while keeping his promise to resign .

Hughes resigned as Prime Minister but , as he was the leader of the majority party , the Governor-General , Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson , immediately asked him to be Prime Minister again .


A second plebiscite on conscription was held in December 1917 , but was again defeated , this time by a wider margin .

A second vote was held in December 1917 , but was again defeated , this time by even more votes .


On 15 September 1916 the NSW executive of the Political Labor League ( the Labor Party organization at the time ) expelled Hughes from the Labor Party .

On 15 September 1916 NSW branch of the Labor Party forced Hughes from the Labor Party .


It was reelected in 1928 , though with a significantly reduced mandate .

It was reelected in 1928 , though with a significantly less support .


He was a strong supporter of Australia 's participation in World War I , and after a visit to Britain in 1916 he became convinced that conscription was necessary if Australia was to sustain its contribution to the war effort .

He was a strong supporter of Australia 's participation in World War I . After a visit to Britain in 1916 he decided that conscription was necessary to get enough soldiers for the Australian army .


Despite initial concerns that Australians would n't warm over to the aloof Bruce , the Nationalist-Country coalition won a smashing victory in 1925 .

The Nationalist-Country coalition won a huge victory in 1925 .


The defeat , however , did not deter Hughes , who continued to vigorously argue in favor of conscription .

Hughes continued to argue in favor of conscription .


It was formed on 17 February 1917 from a merger between the conservative Commonwealth Liberal Party and the National Labor Party , the name given to the pro-conscription defectors from the Australian Labor Party led by Prime Minister Billy Hughes .

It began on 17 February 1917 when the conservative Commonwealth Liberal Party and the National Labor Party ( NLP ) joined together .


The majority of his party , most notably Roman Catholics and trade union representatives , was bitterly opposed to this , especially in the wake of the British government 's reprisals against the Irish Easter Uprising of 1916 .

This was because of the British government 's actions against the Irish Easter Uprising of 1916 .


Most of the UAP were former Nationalists , but they chose Lyons as leader and Prime Minister The UAP replaced the Nationalists as the main conservative anti-Labor Party .


The organization kept its name when its parent party became part of the UAP .

The organization kept its name when even when the Nationalists became the UAP .


Today he is commonly referred to as P. G. T. Beauregard , but he rarely used his first name as an adult .

Today , he is known as P. G. T. Beauregard , but he rarely used his first name as an adult .


He became wealthy because of his role in promoting the Louisiana Lottery .

He became wealthy because of his role in creating the Louisiana Lottery .


Pierre Gustave Toutant-Beauregard ( \ / ˈbɔərɨɡɑrd \ / ; May 28 , 1818 - February 20 , 1893 ) was a Louisiana-born American military officer , politician , inventor , writer , civil servant , and the first prominent general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War .

Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard ( May 28 , 1818 - February 20 , 1893 ) was an American military officer , politician , inventor , writer , civil servant .


Following a brief appointment at West Point in 1861 , after the South seceded he resigned from the U.S. Army and became the first brigadier general in the Confederate States Army .

After the South seceded , he resigned from the US Army and became the first Confederate brigadier general .


Trained as a civil engineer at the United States Military Academy , Beauregard served with distinction as an engineer in the Mexican-American War .

Beauregard studied at the United States Military Academy .


Beauregard was born at the `` Contreras '' sugar-cane plantation in St. Bernard Parish , Louisiana , about 20 miles ( 32 km ) outside New Orleans , to a French Creole family .

Beauregard was born on May 28 , 1818 in St. Bernard Parish , Louisiana .


He has eight grandchildren and four great-grandchildren .

The couple have eight grandchildren and four great-grandchildren .


His wife , the Queen , made him a prince of the United Kingdom in 1957 .

He was made a Prince of the United Kingdom in 1957 .


Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh ( born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark , 10 June 1921 ) is the husband of Queen Elizabeth II .

The Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh KG KT OM GBE AC QSO PC ( born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark , 10 June 1921 ) is the husband of Queen Elizabeth II .


Philip has four children with Elizabeth : Prince Charles , Princess Anne , Prince Andrew , and Prince Edward .

The Queen and Prince Philip have four children : Charles , Prince of Wales , Anne , Princess Royal , Prince Andrew , Duke of York and Prince Edward , Earl of Wessex .


The site shows excellent examples of landforms , including the natural arch at Durdle Door , the cove and limestone folding at Lulworth Cove and an island , the Isle of Portland .

The site contains a number of special features and shows different landforms , including the natural arch at Durdle Door , the cove and limestone folding at Lulworth Cove and an island , the Isle of Portland .


The site stretches from Orcombe Point near Exmouth in East Devon to Old Harry Rocks near Swanage in East Dorset , a distance of 155 kilometres ( 96 mi ) .

It is between Orcombe Point near Exmouth in East Devon and Old Harry Rocks near Swanage in East Dorset .


The Jurassic Coast consists of Triassic , Jurassic and Cretaceous cliffs , spanning the Mesozoic Era , documenting 180 million years of geological history .

The Jurassic Coast is made of Triassic , Jurassic and Cretaceous cliffs , spanning 185 million years of geological history .


This area was home to Mary Anning , a palaeontologist who studied the fossils of the coastline around Lyme Regis and discovered the first complete Ichthyosaur fossil at the Spittles .

This area was home to Mary , a collector who searched for fossils of the coastline around Lyme Regis and discovered several complete Ichthyosaur fossils .


The highest point on the Jurassic Coast , and on the entire south coast of Britain , is Golden Cap at 191 metres ( 627 ft ) .


Henry IV ( 13 December 1553 - 14 May 1610 ) , Henri-Quatre ( French pronunciation : ( ɑ̃ʁiˈkatʁ ) ) , also known by the epithet `` Good King Henry '' , was King of Navarre ( as Henry III ) from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610 .

Henry IV ( 13 December 1553 - 14 May 1610 ) , Henri-Quatre , was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610 .


On 9 June 1572 , upon his mother 's death , he became King of Navarre .

He became the King of Navarre in the same year .


The club was founded on 4 February 1899 as Fußballverein Werder by a group of 16 vocational high school students who had won a prize of sports equipment .

The club was founded in 1899 as FV Werder by a group of sixteen high school students .


English is the most widely-spoken language in the United States .

American English or United States English is the dialect of English language spoken in the United States .


Shamrock Rovers Football Club ( Irish : Cumann Peile Ruagairí na Seamróige ) is a professional football club from Dublin , Ireland .

Shamrock Rovers Football Club ( Irish : Cumann Peile Ruagairí na Seamróige ) is a football club from Dublin , Ireland .


The club 's team competes in the Premier Division of the League of Ireland and it is the most successful club in the Republic of Ireland .

They play in the Premier Division of the League of Ireland .


The summer of 1967 had been spent in the United States , participating in the foundation of the United Soccer Association , where Rovers represented Boston as Boston Rovers .

1967 they played as Boston Rovers one season in the United Soccer Association in the USA .


A regnal name , or reign name , is a name used by some monarchs and popes during their reigns .

A regnal name , or reign name , is a formal name or label which refers to the years of the reign of a monarch or a pope .


Ancient rulers in many parts of the world took regnal names or throne names which were different from their personal name .

A monarch sometimes chooses a reign name which is different from his or her personal name .


The safe Unionist seat of Kinross and West Perthshire was vacant , and Douglas-Home was adopted as his party 's candidate .

The safe Conservative seat of Kinross and Western Perthshire was vacant , and Douglas-Home was adopted as his party 's candidate .


He won the by-election with a majority of 9,328 ; the Liberal candidate was in second place and Labor in third .

He won the by-election with a majority of 9,328 .


Having been made a knight of the Order of the Thistle in 1962 , he was known after stepping down from the Lords as Sir Alec Douglas-Home .

He had been made a Knight of the Thistle in 1962 .


Also , cigar holders may refer to a tube in which the cigar is held while smoked .

A cigar is a form in which tobacco is smoked .


Recently he has worked with Gwen Stefani on her solo albums and on U2 's 2004 release How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb , for which he won a Grammy Award .

Most recently he has worked with Gwen Stefani on her solo albums and on U2 's 2004 release How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb , for which he won a Grammy Award .


Born in Bristol , Hooper began his career as a DJ and as a member of the Wild Bunch , the Bristol-based group that would turn into Massive Attack .


He also produced the debut solo album of Andrea Corr of The Corrs , entitled Ten Feet High which was released on 25 June 2007 .

He also produced the first solo album of Andrea Corr of The Corrs , entitled Ten Feet High which was released on June 25 , 2007 .


Between 1989 and 1992 he produced the debut albums for Soul II Soul ( Club Classics Vol .

Between 1989 and 1992 he produced the first albums for Soul II Soul ( Club Classics Vol .


In the late 1990s Hooper set up the Meanwhile imprint , which is a subsidiary of Virgin Records .

In the late 1990s Hooper set up the Meanwhile imprint , which is a company part of Virgin Records .


He also debuted as a motion picture music composer with famed Scottish composer Craig Armstrong and Marius De Vries for the soundtrack for Baz Luhrmann 's Romeo + Juliet in 1996 .

He also started being a motion picture music composer with famed Scottish composer Craig Armstrong and Marius De Vries for the soundtrack for Baz Luhrmann 's Romeo + Juliet in 1996 .


Hooper continued to work steadily into the 2000s .

Hooper continued to work slowly into the 2000s .


The Ulster Volunteer Force ( UVF ) is a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland .

The Ulster Volunteer Force ( UVF ) is a Loyalist paramilitary ( civilians trained as soldiers ) group formed in 1966 .


More militant members of the UVF , led by Billy Wright who disagreed with the ceasefire , broke away to form the Loyalist Volunteer Force ( LVF ) .

They immediately set up the Loyalist Volunteer Force ( LVF ) .


Furthermore , Gajdusek openly admits to molesting boys and his approval of incest .

Gajdusek openly admitted molesting boys and his approval of incest .


In 1954 he went to work as a visiting investigator at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne , Australia .

In 1954 he went to work at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne , Australia .


In contrast , many other researchers , including Robert Klitzman , S. Lindenbaum , R. Glasse , and kuru field researchers at the Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research have documented reports that confirm the practice of cannibalism .

Many other researchers , including Robert Klitzman , S. Lindenbaum , R. Glasse , and researchers at the Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research have made reports that say that the cannibalism still happened .


Gajdusek became head of the laboratories for virological and neurological research at the National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) in 1958 and was inducted to the National Academy of Sciences in 1974 in the discipline of microbial biology .

Gajdusek became head of the laboratories for virological and neurological research at the National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) in 1958 .


Gajdusek 's best-known work focused on kuru .

Gajdusek 's best-known work was on kuru .


He obtained an M.D. from Harvard University in 1946 and performed postdoctoral research at Columbia University , the California Institute of Technology , and Harvard .

His postdoctoral research was done at Columbia University , the California Institute of Technology , and Harvard .


This disease was rampant among the South Fore people of New Guinea in the 1950s and 1960s .

This disease was affecting many people among the South Fore people of New Guinea in the 1950s and 1960s .


Willam Arens , an anthropologist known for his criticism of reports of learned cannibalism , claims that Gajdusek never actually witnessed cannibalism himself .

Willam Arens , an anthropologist , says that Gajdusek never saw cannibalism himself .


Gajdusek was charged with child molestation in April 1996 , based on incriminating entries in his personal diary and statements from a victim .

Gajdusek was charged with child molestation in April 1996 .


In the course of his research trips in the South Pacific , Gajdusek had brought 56 mostly male children back to live with him in the United States , and provided them with the opportunity to receive high school and college education .

During his trips in the South Pacific , Gajdusek had brought 56 children back to live with him in the United States .


Gajdusek 's father , Karol Gajdusek , was from Smrdáky , Kingdom of Hungary now in Slovakia and was an ethnic Slovak who was a butcher .

Gajdusek 's father , Karol Gajdusek , was from Büdöskö , Kingdom of Hungary , now Smrdáky , Slovakia .


Gajdusek was born in Yonkers , New York , and graduated in 1943 from the University of Rochester , where he studied physics , biology , chemistry and mathematics .

Gajdusek was born in Yonkers , New York .


Further research on the scrapie agent by Stanley Prusiner and others led to the identification of endogenous proteins called prions as the cause of these diseases .

Other research by Stanley Prusiner and others led to the finding of proteins called prions that caused these disease and other similar diseases .


He lived among the Fore , studied their language and culture , and performed autopsies on kuru victims .

He lived among the Fore and studied their language and culture .


There , he began the work that culminated in the Nobel prize .

In Australia , he began the work that led to his getting the Nobel Prize .


Gajdusek connected the spread of the disease to the practice of funerary cannibalism by the South Fore .

Gajdusek felt there was a connect between the spread of the disease and the funerary cannibalism by the South Fore people .


Daniel Carleton Gajdusek ( pronounced GUY-dah-shek ; September 9 , 1923 - December 12 , 2008 ) was an American physician and medical researcher who was the co-recipient ( with Baruch S. Blumberg ) of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1976 for work on kuru , the first human prion disease demonstrated to be infectious .

Daniel Carleton Gajdusek ( September 9 , 1923 - December 12 , 2008 ) was an American physician and medical researcher .


While Gajdusek 's work is generally accepted by the medical community , some have questioned whether cannibalism was still practiced at the time of Gajdusek 's research .

Some people in the medical community , do not think that cannibalism was still practiced when Gajdusek did his research .


Researchers who worked with the Fore in the 1950s claimed that cannibalism was suppressed in 1948 , almost a decade before Gajdusek arrived in New Guinea .

Researchers who worked with the Fore in the 1950s say that cannibalism was stopped in 1948 .


He then proved this hypothesis by successfully transmitting the disease to primates and demonstrating that it had an unusually long incubation period of several years .

He proved this idea by infecting primates with the disease and showing that it had an very long incubation period of several years .


His maternal grandparents , ethnic Hungarians of the Calvinist faith , emigrated from Debrecen , Hungary .

His mother 's parents from Debrecen , Hungary .


Karl Michael Ziehrer ( also spelled as Carl Michael Ziehrer ) ( May 2 , 1843 - November 14 , 1922 ) was an Austrian composer .

Karl Michael Ziehrer ( also spelled as Carl Michael Ziehrer ) ( May 2 , 1843 - November 14 , 1922 ) was an Austrian composer of light music such as waltzes and polkas .


Born in Vienna , Ziehrer was taught music by Simon Sechter , a famous Viennese music theorist and pedagogue and Johann Emanuel Hasel .

He was taught music by Simon Sechter , a famous Viennese hat-maker .


In his lifetime , he was one of the fiercest rivals of the Strauss family ; most notably Johann Strauss II and Eduard Strauss .

He was one of the musical rivals of Johann Strauss II , another composer of light music in Vienna .


It is impossible to tune the twelve-note chromatic scale so that all intervals are `` perfect '' .

Here are some of the main ways of tuning the twelve-note chromatic scale which have been developed in order to get round the problem that an instrument can not be tuned so that all intervals are `` perfect '' :


A tuning fork or electronic tuning device may be used as a reference pitch , though in ensemble rehearsals often a piano is used ( as its pitch can not be adjusted for each rehearsal ) .

There are also electronic tuning devices .


The impala ( Aepyceros melampus ) is a medium-sized African antelope .

An impala ( Aepyceros melampus ) is a medium-sized African antelope .


The vernacular name `` impala '' comes from the Zulu language meaning `` gazelle '' .

The name `` impala '' comes from the Zulu language .


Its name is Latin for `` water-carrier '' or `` cup-carrier '' , and its symbol is ( Unicode ♒ ) , a representation of water .

Its name is Latin for `` water-carrier '' or `` cup-carrier '' , and its symbol is ( Unicode ♒ ) , which represents water .


It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century AD astronomer Ptolemy , and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations .

It is also one of the 88 modern constellations .


Aquarius is a constellation of the zodiac , situated between Capricornus and Pisces .

Aquarius is a constellation of the zodiac .


In the following years , he and John T. Robinson made a series of spectacular finds , including fragments from six hominids in Sterkfontein , which they named Plesianthropus transvaalensis , popularly called Mrs. Ples , but which was later classified as an adult Australopithecus africanus , as well as more discoveries at sites in Kromdraai and Swartkrans .

In the following years , he and John T. Robinson made a series of spectacular finds , including fragments from six hominids in Sterkfontein , which they named Plesianthropus transvaalensis , but which was later classified as an adult Australopithecus africanus , as well as more discoveries at sites in Kromdraai and Swartkrans .


Robert Broom FRS ( 30 November 1866 , Paisley - 6 April 1951 ) was a Scottish South African doctor and paleontologist .

Professor Robert Broom ( 30 November 1866 , Paisley - 6 April 1951 ) was a Scottish , and later South African , doctor and paleontologist .


Shortly before his death he finished a monograph on the Australopithecines and remarked to his nephew : `` Now that 's finished ... and so am I. '' Broom was a nonconformist and was deeply interested in the paranormal and spiritualism , he was a critic of Darwinism and materialism .

Shortly before his death he finished a monograph on the Australopithecines and remarked to his nephew : `` Now that 's finished ... and so am I '' .


Smuts , exerting pressure on the South African government , managed to obtain a position for Broom in 1934 with the staff of the Transvaal Museum in Pretoria as an Assistant in Palaeontology .

Smuts put pressure on the South African government , and managed to get a position for Broom .


They had two children , a son , Caractacus ( born December 1967 ) , a musician and recording engineer , and a daughter , Boudicca ( born 1970 ) , a video producer .

They had two children : a son , Caractacus ( born December 1967 ) , who became a musician and recording engineer , and a daughter , Boudicca , who became a video producer .


Downes was born in Birmingham , England in 1924 , the son of a bank teller .

Downes was born in Birmingham , England .


He was Chief Conductor of the Netherlands Radio Orchestra until 1983 .

He was Chief Conductor of the Netherlands Radio Orchestra and the BBC Philharmonic .


Elsewhere , he became the Australian Opera 's Music Director in 1970 , conducting the first performance in the Sydney Opera House in 1973 , the Australian premiere of War and Peace by Sergei Prokofiev .

He conducted the first performance in the new Sydney Opera House in 1973 conducting Prokofiev 's opera War and Peace .


After the company 's temporary closure in 1951 , Downes began a long and fruitful association with the Royal Opera House , Covent Garden in 1952 with his appointment as an assistant to Rafael Kubelík .

In 1952 he started his work in the Royal Opera House , Covent Garden where he was assistant to Rafael Kubelík .


In 1955 he married Joan Weston , a dancer with the Royal Ballet .

In the 1960s , he married Joan , a dancer with the Royal Ballet .


Matthew James Bellamy ( born 9 June 1978 ) is an English musician , singer , songwriter , multi-instrumentalist and composer .

Matthew Bellamy ( born 9 June 1978 ) is an English singer .


He is best known as the lead vocalist , lead guitarist , pianist , and main songwriter of the rock band Muse .

He is the lead singer of the band Muse .


After the divorce of Bellamy 's parents , he lived with his mother and brother .

Bellamy 's parents divorced before he reached fourteen years of age .


Bellamy 's father , George , from Sunderland was rhythm guitarist in the 1960s pop group The Tornados , who were the first British band to have a United States number one song , with `` Telstar '' .

George Bellamy was also a guitarist and was in a band called `` The Tornados '' , who had a number-one hit in the United States with the song `` Telstar '' .


In the mid-1980s , the family moved to Teignmouth , Devon .

His parents moved with him to Teignmouth in Devon in the mid 1980s .


It is a co-production between Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil .

It is a co-production of Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil .


The film stars Asa Butterfield , Chloë Grace Moretz , Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Helen McCrory , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , Jude Law , and Christopher Lee .

It stars Asa Butterfield , Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , and Jude Law .


Hugo is a 2011 3D historical adventure drama film based on Brian Selznick 's novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris .

Hugo is a 2011 American 3D adventure drama movie that is based on Brian Selznick 's novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret .


The film has appeared on the following critics ' top ten lists for the best films of 2011 :

In the end , the children reconnect Georges with his past and with a new generation of cinema aficionados who have come to appreciate his work The movie has appeared on the following critics ' top ten lists for the best movies of 2011 :


It is directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan .

It was directed by Martin Scorsese , while the screenwriter was John Logan .


When it is finished , however , it is still missing one part : a heart-shaped key that goes into the back of the automaton to make it work .

The automaton is missing one part - a heart-shaped key .


Hugo is Scorsese 's first film shot in 3D , of which the filmmaker remarked : `` I found 3D to be really interesting , because the actors were more upfront emotionally .

Hugo is Scorsese 's first movie to be shot in 3D .


In 2010 the airport served about 18.1 million passengers .

In 2010 , the airport served about 18.1 million passengers .


A commuter terminal was constructed in 1970 .


The Boeing 737 aircraft failed to gain altitude .

The Boeing 737 aircraft could not gain altitude .


US Airways Shuttle has near-hourly air shuttle flights to New York LaGuardia Airport and Logan International Airport in Boston , and Delta Air Lines ' Delta Shuttle has near-hourly air shuttle flights to LaGuardia .

The US Airways Shuttle has air shuttle service to LaGuardia Airport in New York City and Logan International Airport in Boston , Massachusetts .


Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport ( IATA : DCA , ICAO : KDCA , FAA LID : DCA ) is a public airport 3 miles ( 4.8 km ) south of downtown Washington , D.C. , in Arlington County , Virginia .

Washington National Airport ( IATA : DCA , ICAO : KDCA , FAA LID : DCA ) is an airport near Washington , D.C. .


The constitutionality of the review panel was later challenged in the Supreme Court and the Court has twice declared the oversight panel unconstitutional .

The constitutionality of the review panel was later challenged in the Supreme Court .


In 1945 Congress passed a law that established the airport was legally within Virginia but under the jurisdiction of the federal government .

In 1945 , Congress passed a law that said that the airport was in Virginia but under the control of the federal government .


In 1930 the Depression caused the two terminals to merge to form Washington-Hoover Airport .

In 1930 , the economics of the Great Depression caused the two terminals to join to form Washington-Hoover Airport .


On the afternoon of January 13 , 1982 , following a period of exceptionally cold weather and a morning of blizzard conditions , Air Florida Flight 90 crashed after waiting forty-nine minutes on a taxiway and taking off with ice and snow on the wings .

On the afternoon of January 13 , 1982 , after some very cold weather and a morning of blizzard conditions , Air Florida Flight 90 crashed on take-off .


The commission recommended that one multi-state agency administer both Dulles and National , over the alternative of having Virginia control Dulles and the District of Columbia control National .

The other choice was to have Virginia control Dulles and the District of Columbia control National .


Construction of Washington National Airport began in 1940-41 by a company led by John McShain .

It was done by a company led by John McShain .


The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority ( MWAA ) operates the airport with close oversight by the federal government due to its proximity to the national capital .

The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority ( MWAA ) is in control of the airport .


Reagan National is a hub for US Airways , Reagan National 's largest carrier .

Reagan National is a focus city for US Airways .


The following year Washington Airport , another privately operated field , began service next door .

It was another privately operated field .


Due to heroic action on the part of motorists , a United States Park Service police helicopter crew , and one of the plane 's passengers who later perished , five occupants of the downed plane survived .

With the help of people in the cars , a United States Park Service police helicopter crew , and one of the plane 's passengers who later died , five people on the plane were saved .


The advent of jet aircraft as well as traffic growth led Congress to pass the Washington Airport Act of 1950 , which resulted in the opening of Dulles Airport in 1962 .

Because of the use of jet aircraft and the amount of traffic , Congress passed the Washington Airport Act of 1950 .


Hoover Field , near the present site of the Pentagon , was the first major terminal to be developed in the Capital area , opening its doors in 1926 .

Hoover Field was the first major terminal in the Washington area .