Dudley was not able to go to school until 1867 when a private school opened , Dudley was one of the first students to enroll .


He later attended public schools when they opened in his area , and learned Latin .

Dudley later went to public schools when they opened in his area , and learned Latin .


Later he attended Harvard summer school and gained an M.A. from Livingstone College and an LL .

Later he attended Harvard summer school and gained an Master of Arts from Livingstone College and a doctorate degree from Wilberforce University .


Another issue had been that many people opposed the co-educational student body .

Another one of the problems was that many opposed the fact that both men and women were taught together student body .


Dudley took these ideas to heart and they affected his approach for the rest of his life .

Dudley kept these ideas in mind and they affected everything he did for the rest of his life .


Dudley went straight out of college to work as a teacher in 1880 .


This institution sponsored local unions in each county of the state .

This group helped local unions in each county of the state .


He also began offering `` a course of study suited to the ability and needs of students . ''

Trying to solve this problem Dudley started offering `` a course study suited to the ability and needs of students . ''


The 1845 Greek Revival-style Lloyd Street Synagogue is one of the oldest synagogues in the United States .

The 1845 Greek Revival style Lloyd Street Synagogue is one of the oldest synagogues in the United States .


In 1992 , the Baltimore Orioles baseball team moved from Memorial Stadium to Oriole Park at Camden Yards , located downtown near the harbor .

In 1992 , the Baltimore Orioles baseball team moved from Memorial Stadium to Oriole Park at Camden Yards near the harbor .


The Second Continental Congress met in the Henry Fite House from December 1776 to February 1777 , effectively making the city the capital of the United States during this period .

The Second Continental Congress met in the Henry Fite House from December 1776 to February 1777 .


The city remained a part of Baltimore County until 1851 when it was made an independent city .

The city was a part of Baltimore County until 1851 .


Oriole Park at Camden Yards is considered by many to be the most beautiful baseball park in Major League Baseball , and has inspired many other cities to build their own versions of this retro style ballpark .

Oriole Park at Camden Yards is considered by many to be the most beautiful baseball park in Major League Baseball .


After burning Washington , D.C. , the British attacked Baltimore on the night of September 13 , 1814 .

The British attacked Baltimore on the night of September 13 , 1814 .


Coppin State University , Mondawmin Mall , and Edmondson Village , located in this district , have been historic cultural and economic centers of the city 's African American community .

The Western district is the home of Coppin State University , Mondawmin Mall , and Edmondson Village .


The city is named after Cecilius Calvert , Lord Baltimore , a member of the Irish House of Lords and the founding proprietor of the Maryland Colony .

It was named after Cecilius Calvert , the British Lord Baltimore .


At an evening function Adams gave the following toast : `` Baltimore : the Monumental City - May the days of her safety be as prosperous and happy , as the days of her dangers have been trying and triumphant . ''

During an event , Adams gave a toast and said : `` Baltimore : the Monumental City - ( m ) ay the days of her safety be as prosperous and happy , as the days of her dangers have been trying and triumphant . ''


The Baltimore riot of 1968 occurred following the assassination of Martin Luther King , Jr. in Memphis , Tennessee , on April 4 , 1968 .

After Martin Luther King , Jr. was murdered in Memphis , Tennessee on April 4 , 1968 , the Baltimore riot of 1968 started .


Boulevard , is the heart of `` Old West Baltimore '' , bounded by Gwynns Falls Parkway , Fremont Avenue , and West Baltimore Street .

Its borders are Gwynns Falls Parkway , Fremont Avenue , and Baltimore Street .


Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church , built in 1870 in memory of financier George Brown , has stained glass windows by Louis Comfort Tiffany and has been called `` one of the most significant buildings in this city , a treasure of art and architecture '' by Baltimore Magazine .

Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church ( 1870 ) has stained glass windows by Louis Comfort Tiffany .


The city was the site of the Battle of Baltimore during the War of 1812 .

During the War of 1812 , the Battle of Baltimore happened in the city .


Eastern Baltimore is the heart of what is considered `` Old East Baltimore '' and is home to Johns Hopkins Hospital and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine on Broadway .

This area is also home to Johns Hopkins Hospital and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine .


The Maryland colonial General Assembly created the Port of Baltimore at Locust Point in 1706 for the tobacco trade .

In 1706 , the colony of Maryland 's General Assembly created the Port of Baltimore at Locust Point .


The Baltimore Basilica ( 1806-1821 ) is a neoclassical design by Benjamin Latrobe , and also the oldest Catholic cathedral in the United States .

Baltimore Basilica ( 1806-1821 ) was designed by Benjamin Latrobe in the neoclassical style .


Home to Harborplace , the Camden Yards sports complex ( Oriole Park at Camden Yards and M&T Bank Stadium ) , the Baltimore Convention Center , Maryland Science Center , National Aquarium in Baltimore , and the Power Plant ; the area also includes many nightclubs , bars and restaurants , shopping centers and various other attractions .

The Central district includes Downtown Baltimore , Harborplace , The Camden Yards Sports Complex ( Oriole Park at Camden Yards and M&T Bank Stadium ) , the Convention Center , and the National Aquarium in Baltimore .


The city has 280 properties identified as historical in the National Register of Historic Places .

The National Register of Historic Places lists 280 historical properties in Baltimore city .


After the war , the Town of Baltimore , nearby Jonestown , and an area known as Fells Point were incorporated as the City of Baltimore in 1796 .

In 1796 , after the war , the Town of Baltimore , nearby Jonestown , and an area called Fells Point were incorporated as the City of Baltimore .


The Phoenix Shot Tower ( 1828 ) , at 234.25 feet ( 71.40 m ) tall , was the tallest building in the United States until the time of the Civil War .

The Phoenix Shot Tower ( 1828 ) was the tallest building in the United States until the Civil War .


Central District includes Downtown Baltimore , the city 's main commercial area and business district .

It is the city 's main commercial area .


Baltimore acquired its moniker `` The Monumental City '' after an 1827 visit to Baltimore by President John Quincy Adams .

Baltimore was nicknamed `` the Monumental City '' by President John Quincy Adams in 1827 .


The Baltimore riot cost the city of Baltimore an estimated $ 10 million ( US$ 68 million in 2014 ) .

The riot cost the city about $ 10 million ( US$ 61 million in 2014 ) .


Baltimore suffered one of the worst riots of the antebellum South in 1835 , when bad investments led to the Baltimore bank riot .

These were one of the worst riots of the antebellum South .


The city grew in area by annexing new suburbs from the surrounding counties , the last being in 1918 , when the city acquired portions of Baltimore County and Anne Arundel County .

The city added parts of Baltimore County and Anne Arundel County .


Lasting effects of the riot can be seen on the streets of North Avenue , Howard Street , Gay Street , and Pennsylvania Avenue , where long stretches of the streets remain barren .

Parts of North Avenue , Howard Street , Gay Street , and Pennsylvania Avenue are barren , empty , and not taken care of .


Key 's poem was set to a 1780 tune by British composer John Stafford Smith , and `` The Star-Spangled Banner '' became the official national anthem of the United States in 1931 .

In 1931 , `` The Star-Spangled Banner '' became the official National Anthem of the United States .


Maryland Institute College of Art , the Peabody Institute ( music conservatory ) , George Peabody Library , Enoch Pratt Free Library - Central Library , the Lyric Opera House , the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall , the Walters Art Museum , the Maryland Historical Society and its Enoch Pratt Mansion , and several galleries are located in this region .

The University of Maryland , Baltimore campus , University of Maryland Medical System , Maryland Institute College of Art , the Peabody Institute of music , the Lyric Opera House , The Walters Art Museum , and The Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall are also in the central district .


On February 7 , 1904 , the Great Baltimore Fire destroyed over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours , leaving more than 70 blocks of the downtown area burned to the ground .

The Great Baltimore Fire started on February 7 , 1904 .


Soldiers from the 6th Regiment fired on the crowd , killing 10 and wounding 25 .

Soldiers from the 6th Regiment fired their guns at the crowd .


Located below Erdman Avenue and Sinclair Lane , above Orleans Street , it is an almost exclusively African-American area , made up of low-income residential neighborhoods .

The district is bordered by Erdman Avenue , Sinclair Lane , and Orleans Street .


Following the Battle of Baltimore , the city 's population grew rapidly .

After the Battle of Baltimore , the number of people who lived in the city grew quickly .


The Town of Baltimore was founded on July 30 , 1729 , and is named after Lord Baltimore ( Cecilius Calvert ) , who was the first Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland .

The Town of Baltimore was founded on July 30 , 1729 .


`` West Baltimore '' consists of the Northwestern , Western , and Southwestern districts : Northwestern is bounded by the county line of 1919 on its northern and western boundaries , Gwynns Falls Parkway on the south and Pimlico Road on the east , is home to Pimlico Race Course and Sinai Hospital .

The borders of the district are made up by the county line on the north and west , Gwynns Falls Parkway on the south and Pimlico Road on the east .


Sheila Dixon became the first female mayor of Baltimore on January 17 , 2007 .

She is the second woman to be the mayor of Baltimore , the first was Sheila Dixon .


Camden Yards along with the National Aquarium have helped revive the Inner Harbor from what once was an industrial district full of dilapidated warehouses into a bustling commercial district full of bars , restaurants and retail establishments .

Camden Yards and the National Aquarium have helped revive the Inner Harbor .


On July 20 , 1877 , Maryland Governor John Lee Carroll called up the 5th and 6th Regiments of the National Guard to end the strikes , which had disrupted train service at Cumberland in western Maryland .

On July 20 , 1877 , the Maryland Governor , John Lee Carroll , ordered the Maryland Army National Guard to stop the strikes .


It is located in the central area of the state along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River , an arm of the Chesapeake Bay .

It is on the Patapsco River , close to where it empties into the Chesapeake Bay .


The construction of the federally funded National Road ( which later became part of U.S. Route 40 ) and the private Baltimore and Ohio Railroad ( B&O ) made Baltimore a major shipping and manufacturing center by linking the city with major markets in the Midwest .

The National Road ( now part of U.S. Route 40 ) and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad ( B&O ) connected the city with big markets in the Midwest .


United States forces from Fort McHenry successfully defended the city 's harbor from the British .

United States soldiers from Fort McHenry defended the Inner Harbor .


Efforts to redevelop the area started with the construction of the Maryland Science Center , which opened in 1976 , the Baltimore World Trade Center ( 1977 ) , and the Baltimore Convention Center ( 1979 ) .

The Baltimore Convention Center was opened in 1979 .


Four soldiers and 12 civilians were killed during the riot , which caused Union troops to occupy Baltimore .

Four soldiers and 12 civilians were killed .


By the beginning of the 1970s , Baltimore 's downtown area known as the Inner Harbor had been neglected and was occupied by a collection of abandoned warehouses .

During the 1970s , Baltimore 's downtown area , called the `` Inner Harbor , '' was run down and neglected .


Baltimore exhibits examples from each period of architecture over more than two centuries , and work from many famous architects such as Benjamin Latrobe , George A. Frederick , John Russell Pope , Mies van der Rohe and I. M. Pei .

Some of these architects are Benjamin Latrobe , George A. Frederick , John Russell Pope , Mies Van Der Rohe and I. M. Pei .


North Baltimore lies directly north of the Central district and is bounded on the east by The Alameda and on the west by Pimlico Road .

The borders of the district are made by The Alameda on the east and Pimlico Road on the west .


When Union soldiers marched through the city at the start of the war , Confederate sympathizers attacked the troops , which led to the Baltimore riot of 1861 .

When Union soldiers marched through the city at the start of the war , some people attacked the soldiers .


`` East Baltimore '' consists of the Northeastern , Eastern , and Southeastern districts : Northeast is primarily a residential neighborhood , home to Morgan State University , bounded by the city line of 1919 on its northern and eastern boundaries , Sinclair Lane , Erdman Avenue , and Pulaski Highway on its southern boundaries and The Alameda on its western boundaries .

The district is bordered by the city line to the north and east ; Sinclair Lane , Erdman Avenue , and Pulaski Highway on the south ; and The Alameda on the west .


Rioters then damaged B&O trains and burned portions of the rail station .

Trains were damaged and parts of Camden Station were burned .


City leaders such as Jonathan Plowman Jr. moved the city to join the resistance to British taxes , and merchants signed agreements to not trade with Britain .

Leaders like Jonathan Plowman Jr. got the city to refuse to pay taxes to Britain .


The Baltimore Area is known for health and science , which is in part attributed to the prestigious Johns Hopkins University school system , the University of Maryland-Baltimore , and other smaller schools such as University of Baltimore , University of Maryland-Baltimore County , Loyola University and Notre Dame of Maryland University .

Loyola University Maryland , The Johns Hopkins University and College of Notre Dame of Maryland are in this district .


Neighborhoods to the north of the parkway , such as Mount Washington and Cheswolde , are predominantly white , with low-density suburban housing .

Some of these are Mount Washington and Cheswolde .


Its neighborhoods are mostly residential .

The Northwestern district is mostly residential .


mɔr \ / ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland and the 26th largest city in the country .

Baltimore is the biggest city in the U.S. state of Maryland .


Southwest is bounded by the Baltimore County line of 1919 to the west , West Baltimore Street to the north , and the downtown area\/Martin Luther King Boulevard and Russell Street\/Baltimore-Washington Parkway ( Maryland Route 295 ) to the east .

It has Baltimore County to the west , Baltimore Street to the north , and the downtown area to the east .


In 1813 Robert Cary Long , Sr. , built for Rembrandt Peale the first substantial structure in the United States designed expressly as a museum .

It was built for Rembrandt Peale and is the first building in the United States designed specifically to be a museum .


The relative size of the city 's black population grew from 23.8 % in 1950 to 46.4 % in 1970 .


The Sun Iron Building , designed by R.C. Hatfield in 1851 , was the city 's first iron-front building and was a model for a whole generation of downtown buildings .

The Sun Iron Building ( 1851 ) was the first iron-front building .


Following an economic depression known as the Panic of 1873 , the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad company attempted to lower its workers ' wages , leading to the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 .

This caused the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 .


It is a mixed socio-economic region consisting of working class , culturally and ethnically diverse waterfront neighborhoods such as Locust Point and Riverside around the large park of the same name ; The historic Federal Hill area , just south of the `` Inner Harbor '' , is now home to many working professionals , pubs and restaurants .

It is home to the ethnically diverse neighborhood of Locust Point , , the historic neighborhood Federal Hill , and poor residential neighborhoods like Cherry Hill .


Cone snails use a hypodermic-like modified radula tooth and a venom gland to attack and paralyze their prey before engulfing it .

Cone snails use a hypodermic-like modified radula tooth and a venom gland to attack and paralyze their prey before eating it .


Many species have colorful patterning on the shell surface .

Shaped , as the name suggests , like a cone , many species have colorful patterning on the shell surface .


In recent years cone snail venom is showing great promise as a source of new , medically important substances .

Cone snail venom has promise as a source of new , medically important substances .


Geologically speaking , the genus is known from the Eocene to the Recent ( Holocene ) periods .

Geologically speaking , the genus is known from the Eocene to the present .


The sting of small cones is no worse than a bee sting , but the sting of a few of the larger species of tropical cone snails can be serious , occasionally even fatal to human beings .

The sting of small cones is no worse than a bee sting , but the sting of some larger species can be serious , occasionally even fatal to humans .


Because all Conus snails are venomous and capable of `` stinging '' humans , live ones should be handled with great care or preferably not at all .

They can `` sting '' humans , and should be handled with great care or preferably not at all .


According to Goldfrank 's Toxicologic Emergencies , only about 15 human deaths can be confidently attributed to cone snail envenomation .

According to Goldfrank 's Toxicologic emergencies , only about 15 human deaths were caused by cone snail stings .


They hunt and eat prey such as marine worms , small fish , molluscs , and even other cone snails .

They hunt and eat marine worms or molluscs .


The species most dangerous to humans are the larger ones which prey on small bottom-dwelling fish ; the smaller species mostly hunt and eat marine worms .

The larger ones prey on small bottom-dwelling fish .


When Tammy moved inland 12 hours later the southern end of the warning zone moved north to Altamaha Sound , Georgia before all warnings were discontinued on October 6 .

Tammy moved inland the southern end of the warning zone , eventually moving north to Altamaha Sound , Georgia before all warnings were discontinued on October 6 .


As the system already had tropical-storm force winds , it was immediately named Tropical Storm Tammy .

As the system already had tropical-storm force winds , it was immediately named Tropical Storm Tammy , also skipping tropical depression status .


When Tropical Storm Tammy formed on October 5 , it was the earliest ever in the season that the twentieth storm formed , beating the previous record held by Storm 20 of the 1933 season by 21 days .

When Tropical Storm Tammy formed on October 5 , it was the earliest ever in the season that the twentieth storm formed , breaking the previous record held by Storm 20 from 1933 by 21 days .


A tropical wave left the western coast of Africa on September 24 and crossed the Atlantic without any development .

A tropical wave left the African coast on September 24 and crossed the Atlantic without strengthening or changing .


Upon the storm developing , a tropical storm warning was immediately issued for the coast from Cocoa Beach , Florida to the Santee River , South Carolina .

A tropical storm warning was given out at short notice for the coast from Cocoa Beach , Florida to the Santee River , South Carolina as soon as Tropical Storm Tammy formed on October 5 .


Tropical Storm Tammy formed from a non-tropical system off the Florida coast on October 5 .

Tammy formed from a strong non-tropical low on October 5 just off the Floridan coast .


The storm 's total damage was estimated at around $ 30 million ( 2005 USD ) .

Total damages from Tammy was around $ 30 million ( 2005 USD ) .


Tammy 's remnant low was absorbed a larger extratropical low which tracked north and contributed to the Northeast U.S. flooding of October 2005 , which killed ten people and caused significant damage .

The remnant low of Tammy was absorbed by a larger extratropical low which moved north and Tammy 's moisture helped create a different storm over the northeast U.S. , killing ten people and causing moderate damage .


The remnant low drifted south towards the Gulf of Mexico before being absorbed by a cold front ( which also picked remnants of Subtropical Depression Twenty-two ) , and moving northeast .

The remnant low slowly movedsouth towards the Gulf of Mexico before being absorbed by a cold front ( which also picked up the remnants of Subtropical Depression Twenty-two ) , which affected much of the northeastern United States over the next few days .


Tropical Storm Tammy was a short lived tropical storm during October in the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season which caused minor damage to the southeastern United States .

Tammy was a tropical storm that only existed for a total of two days and brought minor damages to the southeastern United States .


It strengthened as it passed through the Bahamas and early on October 5 a vigorous tropical disturbance formed .

It continued to strengthen as it moved through the Bahamas and early on October 5 , it became a well-organized tropical disturbance off the coast of eastern Florida .


Rated an F0 tornado , it touched down near Brunswick , Georgia were it snapped trees and caused moderate roof damage along its 2 mi ( 3.2 km ) path .

In addition to the flooding , an F0 tornado was reported , which caused moderate roof damage and broke trees in Brunswick , Georgia .


The wave began to develop on October 2 north of the Lesser Antilles when it encountered an upper level trough .

But on October 2 , the wave began to strengthen and organize itself while north of the Lesser Antilles .


It has no eye and does not typically have the organization or the spiral shape of more powerful storms .

It has no eye and does not usually have the spiral shape of more powerful storms .


The eye is often visible in satellite images as a small , circular , cloud-free spot .

The eye is often seen from space as a small , round , cloud-free spot .


At this point , the distinctive cyclonic shape starts to develop , although an eye is not usually present .

At this point , the cyclonic shape starts to form , although an eye does not usually appear in tropical storms .


A tropical storm is an organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds between 34 knots ( 39 mph ) and 64 knots ( 74 mph ) .

A tropical storm is an organized system of strong thunderstorms with a very clear surface circulation and maximum sustained winds between 17 and 32 m\/s ( 34-63 kt , 39-73 mph , or 62-117 km\/h ) .


Surrounding the eye is the eyewall , an area about 16 kilometres ( 9.9 mi ) to 80 kilometres ( 50 mi ) wide in which the strongest thunderstorms and winds circulate around the storm 's center .

Surrounding the eye is the eyewall , an area in which the strongest thunderstorms and winds spin around the storm 's center .


A cyclone of this intensity tends to develop an eye , an area of relative calm ( and lowest atmospheric pressure ) at the center of circulation .

A tropical cyclone of this strength usually develop an eye , an area of calm conditions at the center of circulation .


Tropical cyclones typically form over large bodies of relatively warm water .

Tropical cyclones form when warm , moist ocean air rises .


In the Philippines , the practice is to name tropical depressions from their own naming convention when the depressions are within the country 's area of responsibility .

Only the Philippines are known to name tropical depressions .


A tropical depression is an organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined , closed surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of less than 34 knots ( 39 mph ) .

A tropical depression is an organized group of clouds and thunderstorms with a clear surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of less than 17 m\/s ( 33 kt , 38 mph , or 62 km\/h ) .


Glam rock ( also known as glitter rock ) is a style of rock and pop music that developed in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s , which was performed by singers and musicians who wore outrageous clothes , makeup and hairstyles , particularly platform-soled boots and glitter .

Glam rock is a genre of rock music that was popular in the early 1970s .


Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse , which is initiated by one or more people against another person without that person 's consent .


`` It 's actually a feminist movement within itself .

It 's actually a feminist movement in itself '' .


In Marshfield , Wisconsin , Lisa Joling , head coach of the Marshfield High School dance team , was fired in August 2013 , three days after a halftime performance by her dance class to the song .

Lisa Joling , a dance teacher at Marshfield High School in Wisconsin , was fired in August for using the song in her team 's performance after complaints .


`` Blurred Lines '' is a song recorded by American recording artist Robin Thicke for his 2013 album of the same name .

`` Blurred Lines '' is an R&B song by Robin Thicke .


On the other hand , Rob Sheffield of the Rolling Stone named the song `` The Worst Song of This or Any Other Year . ''

On December 26 , 2013 Rob Sheffield wrote for Rolling Stone that `` Blurred Lines '' was the worst song not just of the year , but of any year .


However it was later restored on July 12 , 2013 .


The music video was released on March 20 , 2013 , and was made in two versions ; the first video features models Emily Ratajkowski , Jessi M'Bengue , and Elle Evans being topless , the second features them covered .

The first version of the video was removed from YouTube for showing topless models Emily Ratajkowski , Elle Evans , and Jessi M'Bengue .


An increase in the proportion of the brain occupied by the cerebrum seems to have occurred with the advent of the Coelurosauria and `` continued throughout the evolution of maniraptorans and early birds . ''

An increase in the proportion of the brain occupied by the cerebrum seems to have occurred in the Coelurosauria and `` continued throughout the evolution of maniraptorans and early birds '' .


Coelurosauria \ / sɨˌljʊərəˈsɔriə \ / ( from Greek , meaning `` hollow tailed lizards '' ) is the clade containing all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds than to carnosaurs .

Coelurosauria is the clade containing all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds than to carnosaurs .


Most feathered dinosaurs discovered so far have been coelurosaurs ; Philip J. Currie considers it probable that all coelurosaurs were feathered .

It is probable that all coelurosaurs were feathered .


The eccrine sweat glands are distributed over much of the body .

First , let 's concentrate on how sweat is made in an eccrine sweat gland .


Two types of sweat glands can be found in humans : Eccrine glands and apocrine glands .

The sweat glands in our skin contains two different groups of sweat glands : apocrine sweat glands and merocrine sweat glands .


People have an average of two to four million sweat glands .

The average person has 2.6 million sweat glands in their skin .


The Douglas C-74 Globemaster was a United States heavy-lift cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company in Long Beach , California .

The Douglas C-74 Globemaster is a military transport aircraft .


In October 2006 , Kramnik , the Classical World Champion , defeated reigning FIDE World Champion Veselin Topalov in a unification match , the World Chess Championship 2006 .

In October 2006 , Kramnik , the Classical World Champion , defeated reigning FIDE World Champion Veselin Topalov in a unification match .


He was the Classical World Chess Champion from 2000 to 2006 , and the undisputed World Chess Champion from 2006 to 2007 .

He was Classical World Chess Champion from 2000 to 2006 , and undisputed World Chess Champion from 2006 to 2007 .


As a result Kramnik became the first undisputed World Champion , holding both the FIDE and Classical titles , since Kasparov split from FIDE in 1993 .

As a result Kramnik became the first undisputed World Champion , since Garry Kasparov split from FIDE in 1993 .


In 2007 , Kramnik lost the title to Viswanathan Anand , who won the World Chess Championship 2007 tournament ahead of Kramnik .

In 2007 , Kramnik lost the title to Viswanathan Anand , who won the World Chess Championship tournament ( not a classical match between the two players ) ahead of Kramnik .


In late 2004 , Kramnik successfully defended his title against challenger Péter Lékó in a drawn match played in Brissago , Switzerland .

In late 2004 , Kramnik successfully defended his title against challenger Peter Leko in a drawn match played in Brissago , Switzerland .


Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik ( Russian : Влади́мир Бори́сович Кра́мник ; born 25 June 1975 ) is a Russian chess grandmaster .

Vladimir Kramnik , born 25 June 1975 , is a Russian chess grandmaster .


He challenged Anand at the World Chess Championship 2008 to regain his title , but lost .

He played Anand at the World Chess Championship match 2008 , but lost .


She often used the pseudonym Clémence and was also known as the red virgin of Montmartre .

She sometimes used the pseudonym Clémence and was also known as the red virgin of Montmartre .


She traveled throughout France , preaching revolution , and in 1883 she led a Paris mob which pillaged a baker 's shop .

In 1883 she led a Paris mob which pillaged a baker 's shop .


She offered to shoot Thiers , and suggested the destruction of Paris by way of vengeance for its surrender .

She offered to shoot Thiers , and suggested the destruction of Paris for its surrender .


For this she was condemned to six years imprisonment , but was released in 1886 , at the same time as Kropotkin and other prominent anarchists .

For this she was given six years imprisonment , but was released in 1886 , at the same time as Kropotkin and other prominent anarchists .


Louise Michel was born at the Château of Vroncourt ( Haute-Marne ) on 29 May 1830 , the daughter of a serving-maid , Marianne Michel , and the son of the châtelain , Etienne Charles Demahis .

Louise Michel was born at the Château of Vroncourt ( Haute-Marne ) on 29 May 1830 , the daughter of Marianne Michel , and of Etienne Charles Demahis .


After her grandfather 's death in 1850 she was trained to teach , but her refusal to acknowledge Napoleon III prevented her from serving in a state school .

After her grandfather 's death in 1850 she was trained to teach , but after few times she saw that Napoleon III prevented her from serving in a state school .


She became violently anti-Bonapartist , and is even said to have contemplated the assassination of Napoleon III .

She became violently anti-Bonapartist , and is said to have thought about the assassination of Napoleon III .


She remained in New Caledonia for seven years , refusing special treatment reserved for women .

She refused special treatment reserved for women .


Whilst on board , she became acquainted with Henri Rochefort , a famous polemicist , who became her friend until her death .

On board , she met Henri Rochefort , a famous polemist , who became her friend until her death .


She was soon liberated , but , hearing that her enemies hoped to intern her in a lunatic asylum , she fled to England in 1890 .

She was soon free again , but , hearing that her enemies hoped to put her in a lunatic asylum , she went to England in 1890 .


She was brought up by her father 's parents and received a liberal education .

She was brought up by her father 's parents , and received a libertaria education .


Upon learning of this loss , Victor Hugo dedicated his poem Viro Major to Michel .

It is without a doubt that upon learning of this loss , Victor Hugo dedicated his poem to Michel , Viro Major .


She returned to France in 1895 , taking part in the agitation provoked by the Dreyfus affair in 1898 , and from this time forward , she split up her time between conferences and stays with friends in London .

She returned to France in 1895 , taking part in the revolt made by the Dreyfuss affair in 1898 .


During the Paris Commune of 1871 , she was active as an ambulance woman treating those injured on the barricades .

She was active during the Paris Commune as an ambulance woman , she helped mutilated or injured on the barricades .


In December 1871 , she was brought before the 6th council of war , charged with offences including trying to overthrow the government , encouraging citizens to arm themselves , and herself using weapons and wearing a military uniform .

After December 1871 , she was making propaganda , for help poor people , trying to destroy the government , and supporting people to arm themselves , and herself using weapons and wearing a military uniform .


In 1880 , amnesty was granted to the Communards and Michel returned to Paris , her revolutionary passion undiminished .

Michel returned to Paris in 1880 after amnesty was given to the Communards .


Merle Ronald Haggard ( born April 6 , 1937 ) is an American country and Western song writer , singer , guitarist , fiddler , and instrumentalist .

Merle Ronald Haggard ( born April 6 , 1937 in Oildale , California ) is an American country music singer and songwriter .


Ut mine Stromtid also presents some of the local aspects of the revolutionary movement of 1848 .

Ut mine Stromtid describes the revolutionary movement of 1848 .


The men and women he describes are the men and women he knew in the villages and farmhouses of Mecklenburg , and the circumstances in which he places them are the circumstances by which they were surrounded in actual life .

In them he describes the men and women he knew in the villages and farmhouses of Mecklenburg .


Fritz Reuter ( November 7 , 1810 - July 12 , 1874 ) was a novelist from Northern Germany who was a prominent contributor to Low German literature .

Fritz Reuter ( 7 November 1810-12 July 1874 ) was a German novelist .


Although the only charge which could be proved against him was that he had been seen wearing the club 's colors , he was condemned to death for high treason .

He had only been only wearing the club 's colors , but he was condemned to death for high treason .


In 1831 , Reuter began to attend lectures on jurisprudence at the University of Rostock , and in the following year went to the University of Jena .

In 1831 , Reuter started to study at the University of Rostock , and in 1832 went to the University of Jena .


This sentence was commuted by King Frederick William III of Prussia to imprisonment for thirty years in a Prussian fortress .

King Frederick William III of Prussia changed this to imprisonment for thirty years .


In 1863 Reuter transferred his residence from Neubrandenburg to Eisenach , after having received an honorary doctorate from Rostock University , and here he died on 12 July 1874 .

In 1863 Reuter moved from Neubrandenburg to Eisenach and here he died on 12 July 1874 .


The novel Ut mine Stromtid ( 3 volumes ) is by far the greatest of Reuter 's writings .

Ut de Franzosentid and Ut mine Stromtid are Reuter 's best books .


Each of his parents was one of eight children .

Each of his parents were one of eight children .


After receiving his masters degree , Ralph worked in New York City classrooms as part of the Teacher College writing project .

After getting his masters degree , Ralph worked in New York City classrooms as part of the Teacher College writing project .


He received his B.A. degree from Dartmouth College in 1975 and his M.F.A degree in writing from Columbia University in 1983 .

He got his B.A. degree from Dartmouth College in 1975 and his M.F.A degree in writing from Columbia University in 1983 .


Fig Pudding , a young adult chapter book by Fletcher , was recommended as one of the ten best books of 1995 by the American Library Association .

Fig Pudding , a young adult book by Fletcher , was recommended as one of the ten best books of 1995 by the American Library Association .


Fletcher currently lives in Lee , New Hampshire .

Fletcher now lives in Lee , New Hampshire .


Ralph Fletcher ( born March 17 , 1953 ) is a writer of children 's picture books , young-adult fiction and poetry as well as an educational consultant who has also written books for both children and professional educators on the craft of writing .

Ralph Fletcher ( born March 17 , 1953 ) is a writer of children 's picture books , young-adult fiction and poetry as well as books for both children and teachers on the art of writing .


In college he participated in foreign study programs in Tonga in the South Pacific and Sierra Leone , South Africa .

In college he studied in Tonga in the South Pacific and Sierra Leone , South Africa .


He is married to JoAnn Portalupi with whom he has collaborated on several professional educator books .

He is married to JoAnn Portalupi , with her he has written several books for teachers .


Lake Erie is primarily fed by the Detroit River ( from Lake Huron and Lake St. Clair ) and drains via the Niagara River and Niagara Falls into Lake Ontario .

Most of the water that flows into Lake Erie flows through a small river , the Detroit River , that moves water down from Lake St. Clair past Detroit , Michigan .


MacFarlane co-produced the series with Ann Druyan and Steven Soter .

MacFarlane will co-produce with Anne Druyan and Steven Soter .


MacFarlane is a supporter of the United States Democratic Party .

MacFarlane is a supporter for the Democratic Party .


MacFarlane confirmed that he is working on what will be his fifth animated series with Alex Borstein and Gary Janetti .

Seth MacFarlane is working on his fifth animated series with Alex Borstein and Gary Janetti .


( 2005-present ) and The Cleveland Show ( 2009-2013 ) .


The new series , hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson , debuted in March 2014 .

It will be hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson .


In August 2011 , Fox announced that they had ordered a 13-part updated series of Cosmos : A Spacetime Odyssey .

In August 2011 , Fox ordered a 13-part updated series of Cosmos : A Personal Voyage .


MacFarlane went on to study film , video and animation at the Rhode Island School of Design ( RISD ) , where he earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree .

MacFarlane went to Rhode Island School of Design ( RISD ) , a school in Rhode Island where he studied animation .


Seth Woodbury MacFarlane ( \ / ˈsɛθ ˈwʊdbɛri məkˈfɑrlɪn \ / ; born October 26 , 1973 ) is an American actor , animator , comedian , writer , producer , director , and singer .

Seth Woodbury MacFarlane ( born October 26 , 1973 ) is an American actor , comedian , and voice actor .


Currently not much is known about the series other than it will be about a family and will have a female lead role .

It will show a family and will have a female lead role .


He reached the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1834 and in 1837 received the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order ( KH ) , third class .

He reached the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1834 , and in 1837 received the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order ( KH ) , third class .


Gawler appointed more colonial officials , set up a police force , took part in exploration , and improved the facilities at Port Adelaide during his tenure as governor .

Gawler appointed more colonial officials , set up a police force , took part in exploration , and improved the facilities at Port Adelaide during his administration .


In 1845 , Gawler wrote a book in which he suggested that Jews be allowed to establish Jewish agricultural settlements in Palestine as compensation for their suffering in Europe and under Turkish rule .

In 1845 , Gawler wrote a book in which he suggested that Jews be allowed to establish Jewish agricultural settlements in the Land of Israel as compensation for their suffering in Europe and under Turkish rule .


In his time in office Governor Gawler had managed to make South Australia self-sufficient in terms of agriculture and had restored public confidence .


The Gawler family historically came from Devon .


He remained in France with the army of occupation until 1818 , and in 1820 married Maria Cox of Friar Gate , Derby who was the niece of Samuel Richardson .

He remained in France with the army of occupation until 1818 , and in 1820 married Maria Cox of Derby who was the niece of Samuel Richardson .


A # 155,000 loan was approved by the British Parliament ( later made a gift ) and Captain George Grey was sent to replace Gawler , after Grey promised to `` maintain the strictest economy '' .

A # 155,000 loan was approved by the British Parliament ( later made a gift ) and Captain George Grey was sent to replace Gawler .


George Gawler was educated by a tutor , then at a school in Cold Bath , Islington .

George Gawler was educated by a private teacher , then at a school in Cold Bath , Islington , .


Gawler returned to England in 1826 and from 1830 to 1832 was engaged in recruiting .

Gawler returned to England in 1826 , and from 1830 to 1832 he was engaged in recruiting .


Gawler 's new , sister-in-law Mary Ann married William Leeke , a fellow officer from the 52nd .

Gawler 's new sister-in-law Mary Ann married William Leeke , a fellow officer from the 52nd .


Derby 's Town and County Museum in the 1830s included Gawler in its list of principal benefactors .

Derby 's Town and County Museum in the 1830 's included Gawler in its list of principal benefactors .


Gawler was the only child of Captain Samuel Gawler , captain in the 73rd Regiment of Foot , and his wife Julia , née Russell .

Gawler was the only child of Captain Samuel Gawler and his wife Julia , née Russell .


Gawler and his wife were sincerely religious and when the 52nd was sent to New Brunswick in 1823 they did much social and religious work .

When the 52nd was sent to New Brunswick in 1823 they did much social and religious work .


Two years later ( in 1852 ) , he established an association for the colonization of Palestine .

In 1852 , he established an association for the colonization of Palestine .


In October 1810 Gawler obtained a commission as an ensign in the 52nd ( Oxfordshire ) Regiment of Foot and in January 1812 went to the Peninsular War .

In October 1810 Gawler joined 52nd ( Oxfordshire ) Regiment of Foot as an ensign and in January 1812 he went to the Peninsular War .


Gawley and his wife and children arrived on the Pestonjee Bomanjee on 12 October 1838 .

Gawler and his wife and children arrived on the Pestonjee Bomanjee on 12 October 1838 .


The regiment returned to England and Gawler , now a lieutenant , fought at the Battle of Waterloo .

The regiment returned to England and Gawler fought at the Battle of Waterloo as a lieutenant .


Gawler was a gallant and energetic officer who , when he found the settlers faced with disaster , saw at once what it was necessary to do , and saved the colony .

When he found the settlers faced with disaster , he judged at once what it was necessary to do , and saved the colony .


His first goal was to address delays over rural settlement and primary production .

His first goal was to accelerate rural settlement and primary production .


Due to droughts in other Australian colonies in 1840 , before South Australia was self-sufficient for food , the cost of living increased rapidly .

In 1840 , droughts in other Australian colonies increased the cost of living rapidly because South Australia had not been self-sufficient for food yet .


Gawler 's father was killed in battle in Mysore , India in December 1804 .

Gawler 's father was a captain in the 73rd Regiment of Foot , and he was killed in Mysore , India in December 1804 .


In 1838 Gawler was appointed governor of South Australia in succession to Captain John Hindmarsh , who had been recalled .

In 1838 Gawler was appointed governor of South Australia .


Gawler found the colony had almost no public finances , underpaid officials and 4000 immigrants living in makeshift accommodation .

Gawler found that the colony lacked public finances , and poor officials and 4000 immigrants were living in mean houses .


He persuaded Charles Sturt to come from New South Wales to work as surveyor-general , personally overseeing the surveys in the meantime , as Colonel William Light had resigned due to ailing health and the demands placed on him with insufficient staff .

He persuaded Charles Sturt to come from New South Wales for surveying , because Colonel William Light who had performed the role resigned due to bad health .


Gawler was recalled , but later investigations show him among the founders of South Australia .

Later investigations show that Gawler was surely one of founders of South Australia .


Gawler increased public expenditure to stave off collapse , which resulted in bankruptcy and changes to the way the colony was run .

Gawler increased public expenditure but eventually the economy broke and the management policy of the colony was forced to change .


Two years were then spent at the military college , Great Marlow where he was a diligent and clever student .

He spent two years at the military college in Great Marlow .


There is strong evidence that many of the book 's bifolios were reordered at various points in its history , and that the original page order may well have been quite different from what it is today .

There is strong evidence that many of the book 's folios were reordered at various points in its history , and that the original page order may well have been quite different from what we see today .


There is no obvious punctuation , and no indications of any errors or corrections made at any place in the document .


Based on modern analysis , it has been determined that a quill pen and iron gall ink were used for the text and figure outlines ; the colored paint was applied ( somewhat crudely ) to the figures , possibly at a later date .

A quill pen was used for the text and figure outlines .


Few of the plant drawings ( such as a wild pansy and the maidenhair fern ) can be identified with reasonable certainty .

Two plants can be guessed , with some certainty : the Wild pansy and the Maidenhair fern .


The manuscript is named after Wilfrid Voynich , a Polish book dealer who purchased it in 1912 .

The Voynich manuscript is a manuscript , named after Wilfrid Michael Voynich , who bought it in the early 20th century .


Except for the last section , which contains only text , almost every page contains at least one illustration .


The ductus flows smoothly , giving the impression that the symbols were not enciphered , as there is no delay between characters as would normally be expected in written encoded text .

The flow of the text is smooth , which gives the impression that the symbols were not enciphered .


The text was clearly written from left to right , with a slightly ragged right margin .

The text is written from left to right , because there are irregular margins on the right .


The foot is unique in that the middle ( third ) metatarsal has become the main weight-bearing element .

The foot is unique in that the middle ( third ) metatarsal ( foot bone ) was the main weight-bearing element .


José Bonaparte explained it as an adaptation for a cursorial ( running ) lifestyle .


Its upper end has thickened whereas the shafts of the adjoining second and fourth metatarsals have thinned considerably .

Its upper end has thickened and the shafts of the adjoining second and fourth metatarsals have thinned considerably .


Velocisaurus was probably around 1.2 meters long ( 4 ft ) , the tibia having a length of fourteen centimeters .

Velocisaurus was probably around 1.2 meters long ( 4 ft ) .


Such a configuration is unknown for other theropods , including birds .

Such a condition is unknown for other theropods , including birds , but a similar set-up occurred in three-toed horses ( like Mesohippus ) .


Not even all of Lords were allowed in `` Chokhosani Orden '' and those who did proudly represented this rank in their Garbs .

Not even all of Lords were allowed in `` Chokhosani Orden '' and those who did proudly represented this rank in their clothing .


Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili ordered high-ranking Georgian officials working abroad to present themselves in national costumes at the official meetings .

Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili made high-ranking Georgian officials working abroad to wear the national costume at official meetings .


So , in the very center of Europe , in the 21st century , among the elegant ladies and gentlemen classic suits , one will be surprised to find strangely dressed men in their Chokhas , and daggers around the waist .

So , in the very center of Europe , in the 21st century , among the elegant ladies and gentlemen classic suits , y mou will find men in their Chokhas , and daggers around the waist .


Worn by Georgians for more than a thousand years , the high-necked wool coat was rarely seen during Soviet rule , but now again , for many it symbolizes the country 's proud past and resistance to its occupation .

Worn by Georgians for more than a thousand years , the high-necked wool coat was rarely seen during Soviet rule .


The Chokha is truly a strong representation of Georgian national pride .

The Chokha is truly a strong show of Georgian national pride .


In Georgia , the Black chokha was reserved to the `` Order of Chokhosani '' who represented the elite society of the citizens .

There are Four types of Chokha : In Georgia , the Black chokha was reserved to the `` Order of Chokhosani '' .


The Chokha ( Abkhaz : акәымжәы , akʷymzhʷy ; Armenian : չոխա , chokha ; Azerbaijani : çuxa ; Chechen : чоа ; Georgian : ჩოხა , ტალავარი , chokha , t ` alavari ; Lezgian : чуха , chukha ; Ossetian : цухъхъа , cuqqa ; Russian : черкеска , cherkeska ) is part of the traditional male dress of the peoples of the Caucasus .

The Chokha is part of the traditional male dress of the peoples of the Caucasus .


Chokha is sewn of thick fabric and flares out at the bottom .

Chokha is sewn of thick fabric and is tight on the waist and wide on the bottom .


It has been in wide use among Georgians from the 9th century until 1920s , The trend of Chokha in Georgians still continue to occur as they see it as their proud cultural heritage they inherit till this day .

It has been in wide use among Georgians from the 9th century until 1920s .


In their debut at the World Championships , they placed 6th .

Their debut at the World Championships was the highest debut by any team in over two decades when they placed 6th .


At the 2009 Canadian Championships , they won the gold medal .

They won Canada 's first gold medal in ice dancing at the World Junior Figure Skating Championships in 2006 .


Virtue and Moir began skating together in 1997 , having been paired by his aunt , who was coaching them at the time .

Virtue and Moir have been skating together since 1997 .


Virtue and Moir began skating together in 1997 and they won their first World Championship medal , a silver , in 2008 .

In their first full season skating at the senior level , Virtue and Moir won the silver medal ( second place ) at the Skate Canada International and again at Nationals .


Tessa Virtue ( born 17 May 1989 ) is a Canadian ice dancer who competes with Scott Moir .

Tessa Virtue is an ice dancer from Canada .


Thee Michelle Gun Elephant ( often abbreviated to TMGE ) was a Japanese garage rock band formed in 1991 .

Thee Michelle Gun Elephant ( or TMGE ) was a Japanese punk band .


An Academy Award nominee , Oldman has also received two BAFTA Awards and a Saturn Award , as well as Emmy Award , Screen Actors Guild Award , and Palme d'Or nominations .

An Academy Award nominee , Oldman has won two BAFTA Awards and a Saturn Award , as well as Emmy Award , Screen Actors Guild Award , and Palme d'Or nominations .


Oldman was born on 21 March 1958 in New Cross , south London , the son of housewife Kathleen ( née Cheriton ; born 28 November 1919 ) , and Leonard Bertram Oldman ( 21 May 1921 - October 1985 ) , a former sailor who also worked as a welder .

He is the son of housewife Kathleen ( née Cheriton ; born 28 November 1919 ) , and Leonard Bertram Oldman ( 21 May 1921 - October 1985 ) , a former sailor who also worked as a welder .


Gary Leonard Oldman ( born 21 March 1958 ) is an English screen and stage actor , filmmaker and musician .

Gary Oldman ( born Gary Leonard Oldman ; 21 March 1958 ) is a British actor and movie-maker .


Prominent film critics such as Roger Ebert and Peter Travers have hailed him as one of cinema 's great actors ; the former had named Oldman as Britain 's best young actor in 1987 .

Oldman has earned renown for his classical acting style and diversity , being hailed by famous movie critics such as Roger Ebert and Peter Travers as one of cinema 's great actors .


Some of his best-known roles are Sid Vicious in Sid and Nancy , Joe Orton in Prick Up Your Ears , Lee Harvey Oswald in JFK , Count Dracula in Bram Stoker 's Dracula , Drexl Spivey in True Romance , Norman Stansfield in Léon : The Professional , Sirius Black in the Harry Potter series , James Gordon in Nolan 's Batman trilogy , and George Smiley in Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy .

His other roles include Sid Vicious in `` Sid and Nancy '' , Sirius Black in the Harry Potter movies , George Smiley in Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy , Jean-Baptiste Emmanuel Zorg in The Fifth Element , Egor Korshunov in Air Force One , Norman Stansfield in Léon : The Professional , and as James Gordon in The Dark Knight Trilogy .


The following is a complete list of the current officially assigned ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes , using the English short country names officially defined by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency ( ISO 3166\/MA ) : User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries , territories , or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1 , and the ISO 3166\/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard .

These code elements are at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries , territories or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1 , and the ISO 3166\/MA will never use them in the updating process of the standard .


ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are three-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1 , part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) , to represent countries , dependent territories , and special areas of geographical interest .

ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are three-letter country codes in the ISO 3166-1 standard to represent countries and dependent territories .


For example , the following codes are used in ISO\/IEC 7501-1 for special machine-readable passports : Reserved code elements are codes which have become obsolete , or are required in order to enable a particular user application of the standard but do not qualify for inclusion in ISO 3166-1 .

They are used in ISO\/IEC 7501-1 for machine-readable passports .


The following alpha-3 codes can be user-assigned : AAA to AAZ , QMA to QZZ , XAA to XZZ , and ZZA to ZZZ .

Below is a complete list of the current officially assigned ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes , with country names being English short country names officially used by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency ( ISO 3166\/MA ) : The following alpha-3 codes can be user-assigned : from AAA to AAZ , from QMA to QZZ , from XAA to XZZ , and from ZZA to ZZZ .


The reserved alpha-3 codes can be divided into the following four categories : exceptional reservations , transitional reservations , indeterminate reservations , and codes currently agreed not to use .

The following alpha-3 codes are subject to an exceptional reservation : The following three codes were also under exceptional reservation , until the update from 2006-03-29 included them in the standard : The following alpha-3 codes are subject to a transitional reservation : The following alpha-3 codes are subject to an indeterminate reservation , having been notified to the United Nations Secretary-General under the 1949 and\/or 1968 Road Traffic Conventions : The following code has been reassigned : For the time being , ISO 3166\/MA has agreed not to use the following codes , taken from ISO\/IEC 7501-1 ( machine readable travel documents ) , as alpha-3 country codes :


It might be in our tests that we do not pick any value for a such that the equality fails .

It may be in our tests that we do not pick any value for a such that the equality fails .


If the equality does not hold for a value of a , then p is composite .

If the equality does not hold for a value of a , then n is composite ( not prime ) .


Fermat 's little theorem states that if p is prime and , then If we want to test if p is prime , then we can pick random a 's in the interval and see if the equality holds .

If we want to test if n is prime , then we can pick random a 's in the interval and see if the equation above holds .


The Fermat primality test is a probabilistic test to determine if a number is probable prime .

Fermat 's primality test is an algorithm .


If the equality does hold for many values of a , then we can say that p is probable prime .

If the equality does hold for many values of a , then we can say that n is probably prime , or a pseudoprime .


In general , if is not a Carmichael number then at least half of all are Fermat witnesses .

These numbers are called Carmichael numbers .


Vice versa , in this case n is called Fermat pseudoprime to base a . If we do pick an a such that then a is known as a Fermat witness for the compositeness of n. Suppose we wish to determine if n = 221 is prime .

If we do pick an a such that then a is known as a Fermat witness for the compositeness of n. is the modulo operation .


Jindal was born in Baton Rouge , Louisiana , to immigrants from India .

Jindal was born to Indian parents in Baton Rouge .


Piyush `` Bobby '' Jindal ( born June 10 , 1971 ) is an American politician who is the 55th and current Governor of Louisiana and the Vice Chairman of the Republican Governors Association .

Piyush `` Bobby '' Jindal ( born June 10 , 1971 ) is the Governor of Louisiana .


Jindal was born in Baton Rouge , Louisiana , to Amar and Raj Jindal , immigrants from Punjab , India , who came to the U.S. six months before he was born .

Jindal was born to Amar and Raj Jindal .


At thirty-six , he became the youngest sitting governor in the United States .

He is the only elected Indian governor in the United States .


Additionally , Jindal became the first Indian American to be elected governor of any state in the United States .

Jindal became governor at the age of 36 , which makes him one of the youngest governors in the United States .


They think that too much of something can lead to an invention .


As an example , the chance of not rolling a six on a six-sided die is 1 - ( chance of rolling a six ) .

For instance , suppose that you want to know the probability of rolling two dice and getting a certain combination ( it could be two 6s or a 3 then a 5 , just any two ) .


There are reasons of course , for the slow development of the mathematics of probability .


His nickname `` Schneckerl '' , Viennese dialect for curly hair , derives from his curly haircut in his younger years .

His nickname `` Schneckerl '' , Viennese dialect for curly hair , comes from his curly haircut in his younger years .


He ranks among Austria 's greatest football players of all time .

He is among Austria 's greatest football players of all time .


By 1980 he had helped his club to win four Austrian league titles and three Austrian Cup wins .

Till 1980 he won with the team 4 Austrian league titles and 3 Austrian cup wins .


In 1993 he became manager of Austria 's national soccer team , qualifying as group winners for the 1998 World Cup in France .

1993 he became coach of the football national team .


In 1999 he resigned after a disastrous 9-0 defeat to Spain .

1999 he resigned after a 0:9 defeat versus Spain .


The Viking Age settlements Birka on the island of Björkö and Hovgården on the neighbouring island Adelsö have been an UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993 , as has Drottningholm Palace on the island of Lovön .

The Viking settlements Birka on the island of Björkö and Hovgården on the neighbouring island Adelsö have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993 , as has Drottningholm Palace on the island of Lovön .


The lake was previously known as Løgrinn , which is Old Norse for `` The Lake '' , from Old Norse lögr , meaning a lake or liquid .

The lake was previously known as Løgrinn .


Mälaren ( Swedish pronunciation ( help · info ) ) ( historically occasionally referred to as Lake Malar in English ) is the third-largest lake in Sweden ( after Vänern and Vättern ) .

Lake Mälaren is the third largest lake in Sweden after Lakes Vänern and Vättern .


Its area is 1,140 km ² and its greatest depth is 64 m. Mälaren spans 120 kilometers from east to west .

Its surface area is 1,140 km ² , its average depth is 12 meters and its greatest depth is 64 m . The lake drains , from southwest to northeast , into the Baltic Sea .


It is used in pyrotechnics to produce a green color .

Barium chlorate is used in fireworks to make a green color .


Barium chlorate can be produced through a double replacement reaction of barium chloride and sodium chlorate .

Barium chlorate can be made by reacting sodium chlorate and barium chloride .


A powerful oxidizing agent , the compound is used to manufacture explosives and matches .


I think it has limited application to a few openings , rather than being an opening prescription for Black in general . ''


If you try to cling to it , by forcing the issue , your dynamic potential will become exhausted and you wo n't be able to face a vigorous counter-attack . ''

If you try to cling to it , by forcing the issue , your dynamic potential will become exhausted and you wo n't be able to face a vigorous counter-attack '' .


This style of opening play has become prevalent in modern chess , with World Champions Fischer and Kasparov as its most visible practitioners . ''

This style of opening play has become prevalent in modern chess , with World Champions Fischer and Kasparov as its most visible practitioners '' .


Watson also observes , `` Because of the presumption of White being better , the juncture of the game at which Black frees his game or neutralizes White 's plans has often been automatically assumed to give him equality , even though in dynamic openings , the exhaustion of White 's initiative very often means that Black has seized it with advantage . ''

p219p239 Watson also observes , `` Because of the presumption of White being better , the juncture of the game at which Black frees his game or neutralizes White 's plans has often been automatically assumed to give him equality , even though in dynamic openings , the exhaustion of White 's initiative very often means that Black has seized it with advantage '' .


However , White 's advantage is less significant in rapid games or novice games .


Since approximately 1889 , when World Champion Wilhelm Steinitz addressed this issue , the overwhelming consensus has been that a perfectly played game would end in a draw .

Since about 1889 , when World Champion Wilhelm Steinitz addressed this issue , the overwhelming consensus has been that a perfectly played game would end in a draw .


p193 International Master ( IM ) John Watson wrote in 1998 that White had scored 56 % for most of the 20th century , but that this figure had recently slipped to 55 % .


The revelation that Black has dynamic chances and need not be satisfied with mere equality was the turning point in his career , he said . ''

The revelation that Black has dynamic chances and need not be satisfied with mere equality was the turning point in his career , he said '' .


Likewise , Watson surmised that Kasparov , when playing Black , bypasses the question of whether White has an opening advantage `` by thinking in terms of the concrete nature of the dynamic imbalance on the board , and seeking to seize the initiative whenever possible '' .

p91 Watson surmised that Kasparov , when playing black , bypasses the question of whether White has an opening advantage `` by thinking in terms of the concrete nature of the dynamic imbalance on the board , and seeking to seize the initiative whenever possible '' .


The first-move advantage in chess is the inherent advantage of the player ( White ) who makes the first move in chess .

The first-move advantage in chess is the advantage of the player ( White ) who makes the first move in chess .


p231 Watson observes that `` energetic opening play by Black may ... lead to a position so complex and unclear that to speak of equality is meaningless .


p89 Because White begins with the initiative , a minor mistake by White generally leads only to loss of the initiative , while a similar mistake by Black may have more serious consequences .


More recent sources indicate that White scores approximately 54 to 56 percent .

Recent sources indicate that White scores about 54 to 56 percent .


Evans wrote that after one of his games against Fischer , `` Fischer confided his ` secret ' to me : unlike other masters , he sought to win with the Black pieces from the start .

`` p227 Evans wrote that after one of his games against Fischer , `` Fischer confided his ` secret ' to me : unlike other masters , he sought to win with the black pieces from the start .


White 's winning percentage is about the same for tournament games between humans and games between computers .

It is about the same for tournament games between humans and games between computers .


The website Chessgames.com holds regularly updated statistics on its games database .

p231 The website ChessGames.com holds regularly updated statistics on its games database .


... I remember Kasparov , after a last-round draw , explaining to the waiting reporters : ` Well , chess is a draw . ' ''

... I remember Kasparov , after a last-round draw , explaining to the waiting reporters : ` Well , chess is a draw ' '' .


Mollusks include snails and slugs , clams , octopus and squid , and numerous other kinds , many ( but by no means all ) of which have shells .

These animals include snails , slugs , octopus , squid , and bivalves generally , such as clams and mussels .


Socially , such erections can be embarrassing if they happen in public or when undesired .

Such erections can be embarrassing if they happen in public .


Erectile dysfunction ( also known as ED or '' ( male ) impotence '' ) is a sexual dysfunction characterized by the inability to develop and\/or maintain an erection .

Erectile dysfunction is also known as ED , impotence or male impotence .


Although many erect penises point upwards , it is common and normal for the erect penis to point nearly vertically upwards or nearly vertically downwards or even horizontally straight forward , all depending on the tension of the suspensory ligament that holds it in position .

However , it is common and normal for an erect penis to point nearly vertically upwards , nearly vertically downwards , or even horizontally forward .


The study of erectile dysfunction within medicine is known as andrology , a sub-field within urology .

The study of erectile dysfunction comes within andrology , the field of science dealing with men 's health .


Erectile dysfunction can occur due to both physiological and psychological reasons , most of which are amenable to treatment .

It can be due to both physiological and psychological reasons .


An increase in penile curvature can be caused by Peyronie 's disease .

However , if the curvature of a penis changes , this could be caused by an illness called Peyronie 's disease ( see below ) .


The first recorded use of lilac as a color name in English was in 1775 .

The first written use of lilac as a color name in English was in 1775 .


There are other lilac flowers that are colored red-violet .

Those lilac flowers that are colored red-violet are said to be colored Persian lilac .


The colors of some lilac flowers may be equivalent to the colors shown below as pale lilac , rich lilac , or deep lilac .

It is named after the color of the lilac flower .


Pale lilac is the color that is represented as lilac in the ISCC-NBS color list .


Lilac ( #C 8A2C8 ) Lilac is a color that is a pale tone of violet that is a representation of the average color of most lilac flowers .

Some lilac flowers are colored tones of lilac and other lilac flowers are colored tones of red-violet .


Sometimes shown dressed like Robin Hood , Green Arrow is an archer who invents trick arrows with various special functions , such as glue arrows , diversions ( smoke ) , net , explosive , time bomb , grappling , fire extinguishing , flash , boomerang , tear gas arrows , cryonic arrows and even a kryptonite arrow .

Example trick arrows include : glue arrows , net arrows , explosive arrows , grappling arrows , and boxing-glove arrows .


Green Arrow is a fictional superhero that appears in comic books published by DC Comics .

Green Arrow is a fictional character , published by DC Comics .


This allowed the writers to shake up the status quo by making Connor Hawke a replacement Green Arrow .

When Oliver Queen died , Connor Hawke became Green Arrow .


In the movie she performed the duet `` You and I '' with Rai from the Singaporean pop duo Jack & Rai .

In the movie , she performed `` You and I '' with Rai from the Singaporean pop duo Jack & Rai .


She also won the Breakout Star of the Year ELLE Awards 2010 .

She also won the `` Breakout Star of the Year '' ELLE Awards 2010 .


On 27 December 2009 , she competed against Sezairi Sezali for the title of Singapore Idol , and finished the competition as the runner-up .

On 27 December 2009 , she competed against Sezairi Sezali for the title of Singapore Idol .


Sylvia Anne Ratonel ( born June 14 , 1988 ) is a Singaporean singer and spokesmodel of Euro-Filipino descent .

Sylvia Anne Ratonel , born June 14 , 1988 , is a Singaporean singer and spokesmodel .


In 2010 , Ratonel was ranked as part of the Top 100 Sexiest Women in the World by FHM Magazine .

In 2010 , Sylvia Ratonel was ranked as part of the `` Top 100 Sexiest Women in the World '' by FHM Magazine .


Four singles were released from the album , three of which became Top 10 hits on Singapore radio charts .

Three of these became Top 10 hits on Singapore radio charts .


She performed `` Empire State of Mind '' together with the rest of the Singapore Idol Top 13 .

She sang `` Empire State of Mind '' with the rest of the Singapore Idol Top 13 .


On October 27 , 2010 , Ratonel released her eponymous debut album , Sylvia Ratonel .

Her self-titled debut album , Sylvia Ratonel was released on 27 October 2010 .


At times , they had to depend on church rations and would go to church every Sunday to receive food .

They would go to church every Sunday to get food .


She was also engaged to promote the launch of the new Motorola Dext social-networking phone .

She was also hired to promote the new Motorola Dext phone .


However , at the Piano Show round in September , she managed impressed the judges with her rendition of Duffy 's `` Mercy '' .

At the Piano Show round in September , she impressed the judges with her singing of Duffy 's `` Mercy '' .


In January 2010 , less than a month after Singapore Idol , Ratonel was signed on a full-time contract with national broadcast station MediaCorp .

In January 2010 , Ratonel signed a contract with broadcast station MediaCorp .


Ratonel won the Breakout Star of the Year ELLE Awards 2010 in December .

Sylvia won the Breakout Star of the Year ELLE Awards 2010 in December 2010 .


I hope to continue doing that , '' In a post-Idol televised interview with both Ken Lim and Ratonel present , Lim answered that he `` did n't think that ( Ratonel ) did well '' when asked about his opinions regarding the results , and compared her performances in the finals as weaker than those she had in the semi-final rounds .

I hope to continue doing that , '' In an interview with both Ken Lim and Ratonel , Lim said that he `` did n't think that ( Sylvia ) did well '' when asked about his opinions about the results .


Ratonel later said in an interview that they `` grew up sleeping together in one room , on mattresses '' .

Sylvia later said that they `` grew up sleeping together in one room , on mattresses '' .


When she was 10 , the family moved into a small flat with only a living room and no bedroom .

When she was 10 , the family moved into a small apartment with no bedrooms .


Her audition impressed judge Ken Lim , who asserted that she had the potential to make it into the Top 10 .


Ratonel eventually graduated with a diploma in Hospitality and Tourism Management .

Sylvia graduated with a diploma in Hospitality and Tourism Management .


Ratonel comes from a family of five , and has two brothers Bryan and Timothy .

She has two brothers ; Bryan and Timothy .


Her pan - Asian look caught the eye of make-up brand Maybelline and in that same month , she also became the new face of Maybelline New York , the first Singaporean celebrity ambassador for the popular cosmetics brand .

That same month , she became the new face of Maybelline New York .


After competing in the last semi-final round on 8 December , Ratonel became the first female finalist on Singapore Idol .

After the last semi-final round on 8 December , Sylvia became the first female finalist on Singapore Idol .


In the same month , Ratonel made it to the list of Top 100 Sexiest Women in the World in FHM .

In the same month , Sylvia made it to the Top 100 Sexiest Women in the World list of FHM .


She appeared on the cover of Cleo in March and November 2010 .

Sylvia was on the cover of Cleo in March 2010 and November 2010 .


At the age of 18 , Ratonel left home in what was a rebellious phase , and began visiting clubs and drinking alcohol .

At the age of 18 , Sylvia left home in what was a rebellious phase .


She is most popularly known as the first female finalist in Singapore Idol history as well as being the runner-up of the third season .

She is best known as the runner-up of the third season of Singapore Idol .


The show launched her career in music and entertainment ; in January 2010 , less than a month after the competition , she signed a full-time contract with national broadcaster MediaCorp , and sealed a recording deal with Universal Music Singapore in March of the same year Ratonel also became the first Singaporean celebrity ambassador for cosmetic brand Maybelline New York .

In January 2010 , she signed a contract with broadcaster MediaCorp .


She was honored to perform the National Anthem of Singapore before the start of the Singapore F1 Grand Prix race on September 26 , 2010 .

In June , Sylvia made her debut as co-host with Michelle Chia in the MediaCorp weekly food program `` Buffetlicious '' She performed the National Anthem of Singapore before the start of the Singapore F1 Grand Prix race on September 26 , 2010 .


Despite being disappointed , Ratonel has expressed happiness of being able to reach the finals , saying `` my Idol journey has been wonderful .

She said `` my Idol journey has been wonderful .


Ratonel 's first public performance after Singapore Idol was at the Celebrate 2010 Countdown Party at Marina Bay .

Sylvia 's firstperformance after Singapore Idol was at the Celebrate 2010 Countdown Party at Marina Bay .


She worked part-time to supplement the family income during her time in Temasek Polytechnic .

She chose an education at Temasek Polytechnic so she could start working quicker .


The album received mixed reviews from online critics and has yet to receive a sales certification .


The opening of group homes in neighborhoods is occasionally opposed by residents , who fear that it will lead to a rise in crime and\/or a drop in property values .

The opening of group homes is occasionally fought against by neighbors who fear that it will lead to a rise in crime and\/or a drop in property values .


A group home differs from a halfway house in that it is not restricted to recovering addicts or convicted criminals , and residents are usually encouraged or required to take an active role in the maintenance of the household , such as performing chores or helping to manage a budget .

A group home is different from a halfway house because it is not restricted to recovering addicts or convicted criminals , and also because the people who live there usually have to help maintain the household by doing chores or helping to manage a budget .


People who live in such a group home may be developmentally disabled , recovering from alcohol or drug addiction , abused or neglected youths , youths with behavioral or emotional problems , and\/or youths with criminal records .

People who live in a group home may be recovering drug addicts , developmentally disabled , abused or neglected youths , and\/or young people with a criminal record .


When Monteux left the orchestra in 1952 , various conductors led the orchestra , including Leopold Stokowski , Georg Solti , Erich Leinsdorf , Karl Münchinger , George Szell , Bruno Walter , Ferenc Fricsay , and William Steinberg .

When Monteux left the orchestra in 1952 , several conductors led the orchestra , including Leopold Stokowski , Georg Solti , Erich Leinsdorf , Karl Münchinger , George Szell , Bruno Walter , Ferenc Fricsay , and William Steinberg .


The San Francisco Symphony ( SFS ) is an orchestra based in San Francisco .

The San Francisco Symphony ( SFS ) is a world-famous orchestra based in San Francisco , California .


In the fall of 1963 , the Austrian conductor Josef Krips ( 1902-1974 ) became music director .

In 1963 , the Austrian conductor Josef Krips became music director .


Michael Tilson Thomas became music director in 1995 , coming from the London Symphony Orchestra .

Michael Tilson Thomas became music director in 1995 .


It was two years before the board decided to hire the young Spanish maestro Enrique Jordá to be the next music director .

Two years later the young Spanish conductor Enrique Jordá became their music director .


Philips also taped Joseph Jongen 's Symphonie Concertante and César Franck 's Fantaisie in A . A highlight of de Waart 's final season , 1984-85 , was four sold-out performances of Mahler 's eighth symphony , utilizing the Symphony Chorus , the Masterworks Chorale , the San Francisco Boys Chorus , and the San Francisco Girls Chorus .

In de Waart 's final season , 1984-85 , there were four sold-out performances of Mahler 's hugh Eighth Symphony with the Symphony Chorus , the Masterworks Chorale , the San Francisco Boys Chorus , and the San Francisco Girls Chorus .


He conducted the orchestra 's first performances in the newly constructed Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall in September 1980 , including the nationally televised gala .

He conducted the orchestra 's very first performances in the Davies Symphony Hall .


Its current music director is Michael Tilson Thomas , who has held the position since September 1995 .

Michael Tilson Thomas has been their main conductor ( `` musical director '' ) since 1995 .


After Hertz 's retirement in 1930 , the orchestra was led by two conductors , Basil Cameron and Issay Dobrowen .

Hertz retired in 1930 and was followed by Basil Cameron and Issay Dobrowen .


He realizes that the gun contained blanks and that the mercenaries and Special Forces are working together .

He realizes that Stuart and the special forces are working together .


McClane is waiting for his wife to land at Washington Dulles International Airport when terrorists take over the air traffic control system .

John McClane is at the Washington Dulles International Airport , waiting for his wife Holly 's plane to land , and his car gets towed away .


McClane escapes via the ejection seat just as the aircraft explodes .

McClane escapes by strapping up in the pilot 's ejection seat and blasting off as the grenades explode .


Dulles communications director Leslie Barnes heads to the unfinished Annex Skywalk with a SWAT team to re-establish communications with the planes .

Lorenzo sends his SWAT team and the communications director , Leslie Barnes , to head to the Skywalk .


In response , a U.S. Army Special Forces team is called in , led by Major Grant .

Afterwards , a Special Forces unit from the United States Army comes in , led by Major Grant .


However , the mercenaries escape on snowmobiles during a shootout between Grant 's team and Stuart 's men .

During the gun battle , McClane sees that Stuart 's men are escaping on snowmobiles .


Badfinger were a British rock band that originally consisted of Pete Ham , Mike Gibbins , Tom Evans and Joey Molland .

The band 's members were Peter Ham , Tom Evans , Mike Gibbins and Joey Molland .


Evans and Molland also performed on Lennon 's album Imagine ( 1971 ) , although Molland has said their tracks were not used .

Evans and Molland decided they still wanted to work together .


Andrew Fire and Craig C. Mello shared the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on RNA interference in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans , which they published in 1998 .

In 2006 , Andrew Fire and Craig Mello shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on RNA interference in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans , published in 1998 .


The pathway is also used as a practical tool in biotechnology , medicine and insecticides .

The pathway is also used as a practical tool in biotechnology and medicine .


Two types of small ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) molecules - microRNA ( miRNA ) and small interfering RNA ( siRNA ) - are central to RNA interference .

Two types of small RNA molecules - microRNA ( miRNA ) and small interfering RNA ( siRNA ) - do the work .


RNAi may be used for large-scale screens that systematically shut down each gene in the cell , which can help to identify the components necessary for a particular cellular process or an event such as cell division .

RNAi may be used for large-scale screens that shut down each gene to analyze cellular process or cell division .


RNAs are the direct products of genes , and these small RNAs can bind to other specific messenger RNA ( mRNA ) molecules and either increase or decrease their activity , for example by preventing an mRNA from producing a protein .

These small RNAs bind to normal messenger RNA ( mRNA ) molecules and increase or decrease their activity .


RNA interference has an important role in defending cells against parasitic nucleotide sequences - viruses and transposons .

RNA interference defends cells against foreign nucleotide sequences - viruses and transposons .


RNAi is a valuable research tool , both in cell culture and in living organisms , because synthetic dsRNA introduced into cells can selectively and robustly induce suppression of specific genes of interest .

RNAi is a valuable research tool , in cell culture and in living organisms .


Components of the RNAi pathway are used in many eukaryotes in the maintenance of the organization and structure of their genomes .

The RNAi pathway is found in many eukaryotes including animals .


RNA interference ( RNAi ) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression , typically by causing the destruction of specific mRNA molecules .

RNA interference ( RNAi ) is a process in living cells .


The party leadership consisted of former anti-slavery members of the Whig Party and the Democratic Party .

Most of the important party members were former anti-slavery members of the Whig Party and the Democratic Party .


The party membership was largely absorbed by the Republican Party in 1854 .

The party membership was largely taken over by the Republican Party in 1854 .


The Free Soil Party was a short-lived political party in the United States active in the 1848 and 1852 presidential elections , and in some state elections .

The Free Soil Party was , for a short time , a political party in the United States .


Its main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories , arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery .

Its main purpose was stopping slavery from spreading into the western lands , arguing that free men on free soil had a morally and economically better system than slavery .


Anarcho-syndicalists believe that direct action-action carried out by workers , as opposed to indirect action , such as electing a representative to a government position-would allow workers to liberate themselves .

Anarcho-syndicalists do not take part in indirect action , like electing a representative to a government position .


From hot springs , geothermal energy has been used for bathing since Paleolithic times and for space heating since ancient Roman times , but it is now better known for electricity generation .

It has been used for bathing from Paleolithic times , but is now better known for making electricity .


Geothermal energy comes in either vapor-dominated or liquid-dominated forms .

Geothermal Energy : The Earth 's heat - called geothermal energy - escapes as steam at a hot springs in Nevada .


The geothermal energy of the Earth 's crust originates from the original formation of the planet ( 20 % ) and from radioactive decay of minerals ( 80 % ) .

This geothermal energy comes from radioactive decay of minerals , and from solar energy taken in at the surface .


Nairobi National Park is a national park in Kenya .

Nairobi National Park is the smallest park in Kenya .


Ebola virus disease ( EVD ) or Ebola hemorrhagic fever ( EHF ) is the human disease that may be caused by any of four of the five known ebola viruses .

People who get infected with Ebola virus get the disease Ebola hemorrhagic fever .


He is the only child of their marriage ; however , he does have two half-brothers , Earl Jr. ( born 1955 ) and Kevin ( born 1957 ) , and a half-sister , Royce ( born 1958 ) from the 18-year marriage of Earl Woods and his first wife , Barbara Woods Gray .

He does have two half-brothers , Earl Jr. ( born 1955 ) and Kevin ( born 1957 ) , and a half-sister , Royce ( born 1958 ) from the 18-year marriage of Earl Woods and his first wife , Barbara Woods Gray .


Kultida ( née Punsawad ) , originally from Thailand ( where Earl had met her on a tour of duty in 1968 ) , is of mixed Thai , Chinese , and Dutch ancestry .

Kultida ( nee Punsawad ) , originally from Thailand ( where Earl had met her on a tour of duty in 1968 ) , is of mixed Thai , Chinese , and Dutch ancestry .


Eldrick Tont `` Tiger '' Woods ( born December 30 , 1975 ) is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time .

Eldrick Tont `` Tiger '' Woods ( born December 30 , 1975 ) is an American professional golfer .


Woods was born in Cypress , California , to Earl ( 1932-2006 ) and Kultida ( Tida ) Woods ( born 1944 ) .

His parents Earl ( 1932-2006 ) and Kultida ( Tida ) Woods ( born 1944 ) .


He announced a few weeks later on March 16 that he would be returning at the 2010 Masters Tournament on April 8 .

On March 16 , 2010 , Woods announced that he would be coming back to play at the Masters golf tournament after taking a break from golf because of issues involving infidelity .


Amaterasu was born when Izanagi washed out his left eye , Tsukuyomi was born from the washing of the right eye , and Susanoo from the washing of the nose .

Amaterasu was born when Izanagi washed out his left eye , Tsukuyomi was born from the washing of the right eye , and Susano'o from the washing of the nose .


In a fit of rage , he destroyed his sister 's rice fields , hurled a flayed pony at her loom , and killed one of her attendants .

Susano'o destroyed her rice fields , threw a dead pony into her loom , and killed one of her assistants in anger .


When he was to leave Heaven by orders of Izanagi , he went to bid his sister goodbye .

When he was to leave Heaven forever because Izanagi ordered him to , he went to say goodbye to his sister .


All three were born from Izanagi , when he washed his face clean of the pollutants of Yomi , the underworld .

All three were created from Izanagi , when he washed his face to clean the dirtiness of Yomi , the underworld .


Claiming the gods were hers because they were born of her necklace , and the goddesses were his , he decided that he had won the challenge , as his item produced women .

Amaterasu said the men were hers because they were born of her necklace .


In Japanese mythology , Susanoo , the powerful storm of Summer , is the brother of Amaterasu , the goddess of the Sun , and of Tsukuyomi , the god of the Moon .

Susano'o is the brother of Amaterasu , the goddess of the sun , and of Tsukuyomi , the god of the moon .


Susanoo ( 須佐之男 ( スサノオ ) , romanized as Susano-o , Susa-no-O , Susano'o , and Susanowo ? )

Susanoo , ( Japanese : 須佐之男命 , Susa-no-O-no-Mikoto ; also romanized as Susano'o , Susa-no-O , and Susanowo ) in Shinto is the Kami of the sea and storms .


Amaterasu , who was in fury and grief , hid inside the Ama-no-Iwato ( `` heavenly rock cave '' ) , thus effectively hiding the sun for a long period of time .

For this , Amaterasu , sad , angry and scared , went to hide inside Ama-no-Iwato , the `` heavenly rock cave '' , so the Sun was hidden and the world became dark for along time .


His mother , Laurie , is from Vancouver , British Columbia , and his father , Jack , is from Chicago , Illinois .

His mother , Laurie , is from Vancouver , British Columbia , and his father , Jack , is from Chicago .


He received a Master of Fine Arts degree from the Professional Actors Training Program at the University of Washington .

McHale received a Master of Fine Arts degree from the Professional Actors Training Program at the University of Washington .


He occasionally appeared on Countdown with Keith Olbermann in a humor sequence closing the show .

He usually appeared in Countdown with Keith Olbermann in a humor sequence closing the show .


From 1993-97 , he was a member of the improv comedy group at Unexpected Productions , participating in Theatersports !

From 1993 until 1997 , McHale was a member of the improv comedy group at Unexpected Productions , participating in Theatersports !


McHale received a bachelor 's degree in History from the University of Washington in 1995 .

He received a bachelor 's degree in History from the University of Washington in 1995 .


He was recruited to be on the rowing team , but later joined the football team , playing tight end for two years .

He was recruited to be on the rowing team , but later walked onto the football team , playing tight end for two years .


He currently stars in Community , which premiered in winter 2009 , and continues to host The Soup .

He currently stars in Community , which premiered in fall 2009 .


Joel Edward McHale ( born November 20 , 1971 ) is an American comedian , actor , voice actor , writer , television producer , and television personality .

Joel Edward McHale ( born November 20 , 1971 ) is an American stand-up comedian , actor , producer , writer , voice artist , and comedian , best known as the host of Talk Soup and Jeff Winger in Community .


After earning his master 's degree in acting , McHale moved to Los Angeles and landed small roles in Diagnosis : Murder , CSI : Miami , and Will & Grace .

After earning his master 's degree in acting , McHale moved to Los Angeles and landed small roles in Oliver Beene , CSI : Miami , and Will & Grace .


McHale , the middle of three brothers , was born in Rome , Italy , where his father worked as Dean of Students at Loyola University Rome Center .

McHale and his brothers were born in Rome , where their father worked for an American university .


Of Irish and Norwegian descent , he was raised Catholic in Seattle , Washington , where he attended Mercer Island High School in 1991 .

He grew up in the Seattle area , graduating from Mercer Island High School in 1991 .


Other organizations require software engineers to do many or all of them .

Software engineering is often done as part of a team .


Many software engineers work as employees or contractors .

Software engineering can be very difficult work .


Mayer subsequently fired Haines and terminated his contract .

Mayer fired Haines and ended his contract .


Haines and Shields began a successful dual career as interior designers and antique dealers .

Haines and Shields began careers as interior designers and antique dealers .


Charles William `` Billy '' Haines ( January 2 , 1900 - December 26 , 1973 ) , known professionally as William Haines , was an American film actor and interior designer .

Charles William `` Billy '' Haines ( January 2 , 1900 - December 26 , 1973 ) was an American movie actor and interior designer .


His first significant role was in Three Wise Fools ( 1923 ) .

His first good role was in Three Wise Fools in 1923 .


The 1930 Quigley Poll , a survey of film exhibitors , listed Haines as the top box office attraction in the country .

A 1930 survey of film exhibitors listed Haines as the top box office attraction in the country .


Haines was a top-five box office star from 1928 to 1932 .

He was a top-five box office star from 1928 to 1932 .


Haines convinced Shields to move to Los Angeles , promising to get him work as an extra .

Haines convinced Shields to move to Los Angeles .


In 1933 , Haines was arrested in a YMCA with a sailor he had picked up in Los Angeles ' Pershing Square .

In 1933 he was arrested in a YMCA with a sailor he had picked up in Los Angeles .


The pair were soon living together and viewed themselves as a committed couple .

They viewed themselves as a committed couple .


On a trip to New York in 1926 , Haines met James `` Jimmie '' Shields , possibly as a pick-up on the street .

He met James `` Jimmie '' Shields , probably as a pick-up on the street .


Haines died of lung cancer in December 1973 at the age of 73 .

Haines died from lung cancer in Santa Monica , California at the age of 73 .


Haines never returned to acting but continued to receive offers for film roles .


Haines quit acting in 1935 and started a successful interior design business with his life partner Jimmie Shields , and was supported by friends in Hollywood .

Instead , he started a successful interior design business with his lifelong male partner Jimmie Shields .


He was baptized at the Trinity Episcopal Church in Staunton at the age of eight , where he later sang in the choir .

He sang in the choir of Trinity Episcopal Church .


It was in Brown that he crystallized his screen image , a young arrogant man who is humbled by the last reel .

He generally played arrogant young men who are humbled at the end of the movie .


Haines chose Shields and they remained together for almost 50 years .


Haines ran away from home at the age of 14 , accompanied by an unidentified young man whom Haines referred to as his `` boyfriend '' .

Haines ran away from home at 14 with his boyfriend .


Haines was born on January 2 , 1900 ( he claimed he was born on January 1 ) in Staunton , Virginia , the third child of George Adam Haines , a cigar maker , and Laura Virginia Haines ( née Matthews ) .

Haines was born Charles William Haines on January 2 , 1900 in Staunton , Virginia .


His final films were made with Mascot Pictures , Young and Beautiful and The Marines Are Coming in 1934 .

The Marines are Coming was his last movie .


Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States .

Places in the United States that are not states right now that might become the 51st state are Puerto Rico , Washington , D.C. , Guam , the US Virgin Islands , or the Northern Marianas .


Some species of limpets return to the same spot on the rock known as a `` home scar '' just before the tide recedes .

Some species of limpets return to the same spot on the rock known as a `` home scar '' just before the tide ebbs .


The defense response can be determined by the type of predator , which can often be detected chemically by the limpet .

The defense response can be adjusted to the type of predator , which can often be detected chemically by the limpet .


As this occurs chemicals are released that promote the vertical growth of the limpet 's shell .

As this occurs chemicals are released that promote the vertical growth of the shell .


They scrape up films of algae with a radula , a ribbon-like tongue with rows of teeth .

They scrape films of algae from the rock with a radula , a ribbon-like tongue with rows of teeth .


They are one of the few invertebrates to exhibit territoriality and will aggressively push other organisms out of this patch by ramming with their shell , thereby allowing their patch of algae to grow for their own grazing .

They push other organisms out of this patch by ramming with their shell , allowing their patch of algae to grow for their own grazing .


Limpets are preyed upon by a variety of organisms including starfish , shore-birds , fish , seals , and humans .

Limpets are prey for starfish , shore-birds , fish , seals , and humans .


Limpets found on exposed shores , which have fewer rock pools than sheltered shores and are thus in less frequent contact with water , have a greater risk of desiccation due to the effects of increased sunlight , water evaporation and the increased wind speed .

Limpets found on sheltered shores ( limpets that are less frequently in contact with wave action , and thus less frequently in contact with water ) have a greater risk of desiccation because of the effects of sunlight , water evaporation and the wind .