At that period , for the first time , deciduous plants were flourishing and annually shedding leaves into the water , attracting small prey into warm oxygen-poor shallows that were difficult for larger fish to swim in .

At that period , for the first time , deciduous plants were flourishing and annually shedding leaves into the water , attracting small prey into warm oxygen-poor shallows which were difficult for larger fish to swim in .


There are many morphological changes that allowed the pelvic girdle of Acanthostega to become a weight-bearing structure .

There are many changes that allowed the pelvic girdle of Acanthostega to become a weight-bearing structure .


These fusions would have made the pelvic region more powerful and equipped to counter the force of gravity when not supported by the buoyancy of an aquatic environment .

These fusions would have made the pelvic region more powerful and equipped to counter the force of gravity when not supported by the buoyancy of water .


In more ancestral states the two sides of the girdle were not attached .

In ancestral states the two sides of the girdle were not attached .


Markey and Marshall compared the skull with the skulls of fish , which use suction feeding as the primary method of prey capture , and creatures known to have used the direct biting on prey typical of terrestrial animals .

Markey and Marshall compared the skull with the skulls of fish , which use suction feeding as the main way to catch prey , and creatures known to have used the direct biting typical of terrestrial animals .


It appeared in the Upper Devonian ( Famennian ) about 365 million years ago , and was anatomically intermediate between lobe-finned fishes and the first tetrapods fully capable of coming onto land .

It appeared in the Upper Devonian about 365 million years ago , and was anatomically intermediate between lobe-finned fishes and the first tetrapods fully capable of coming onto land .


In Acanthostega there is contact between the two sides and fusion of the girdle with the sacral rib of the vertebral column .

In Acanthostega there in contact between the two sides and fusion of the girdle with the sacral rib of the vertebral column .


Clack remarks on how the lower jaw of Acanthostega shows a change from the jaws of fish which have two rows of teeth , with a large number of small teeth in the outer row , and two large fangs and some small teeth in the inner row .

Clack remarks on how the lower jaw of Acanthostega shows a change from the jaws of fish .


Their results indicate that Acanthostega was adapted for what they call terrestrial-style feeding , strongly supporting the hypothesis that the terrestrial mode of feeding first emerged in aquatic animals .

Their results indicate that Acanthostega was adapted for what they call terrestrial-style feeding .


Research based on analysis of the suture morphology in its skull indicates that the species may have bitten directly on prey at or near the water 's edge .

Research based on analysis of the skull suggests the species may have bitten directly on prey at or near the water 's edge .


It had lungs , but its ribs were too short to give support to its chest cavity out of water , and it also had gills which were internal and covered like those of fish , not external and naked like those of some modern amphibians which are almost wholly aquatic .

It had gills which were internal and covered like those of fish , not external and naked like those of some modern aquatic amphibians .


The fossilized remains are generally well preserved , with the famous fossil by which the significance of this species was discovered being found by Jennifer A. Clack in East Greenland in 1987 , though fragments of the skull had been discovered in 1933 by Gunnar Säve-Söderbergh and Erik Jarvik .


It differs , having a small number of larger teeth in the outer row and smaller teeth in the inner row , and she suggests that this change probably went with a shift in early tetrapods from feeding exclusively in water to feeding with the head above water or on land .

It differs in having a small number of larger teeth in the outer row and smaller teeth in the inner row .


The front foot of Acanthostega could not bend forward at the elbow , and thus could not be brought into a weight bearing position , appearing to be more suitable for paddling or for holding on to aquatic plants .

The front foot of Acanthostega could not bend forward at the elbow , and so could not bear the full weight of the body .


Therefore , paleontologists surmise that it probably lived in shallow , weed-choked swamps , the legs having evolved for some other purpose than walking on land .

Therefore , paleontologists think it probably lived in shallow , weed-choked swamps , the legs adapted to some other function than walking on land .


Acanthostega is seen as part of widespread evolutionary radiation in the late Devonian period , starting with purely aquatic finned tetrapodomorphs , with their successors showing increased air-breathing capability and related adaptions to the jaws and gills , as well as more muscular neck allowing freer movement of the head than fish have , and use of the fins to raise the body of the fish .

They had a more muscular neck allowing freer movement of the head than fish have , and used their fins to raise the body of the fish .


It had eight digits on each hand ( the number of digits on the feet is unclear ) linked by webbing , it lacked wrists , and was generally poorly adapted to come onto land .

Acanthostega had eight digits on each hand linked by webbing , and six digits on the rear legs .


Acanthostega ( meaning spiny roof ) is an extinct labyrinthodont genus , among the first vertebrate animals to have recognizable limbs .

It was one of the first vertebrates to have recognizable limbs .


This can be seen by the success of seed plants ( both gymnosperms and angiosperms ) in dominating biological niches on land , from forests to grasslands both in hot and cold climates .

p92 This can be seen by the success of seed plants in important biological niches on land , from forests to grasslands both in hot and cold climates .


Seeds have been an important development in the reproduction and spread of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants , relative to more primitive plants such as ferns , mosses and liverworts , which do not have seeds and use other means to propagate themselves .

Plants such as mosses , liverworts and ferns do not have seeds , and use unprotected spores and other methods to propagate themselves .


It features guest appearances from rapper Jay-Z on `` Upgrade U '' and former Destiny 's Child mates Michelle Williams and Kelly Rowland on `` Survivor '' .

It also includes guest appearances from Jay-Z on `` Upgrade U '' and former Destiny 's Child mates Michelle Williams and Kelly Rowland on `` Survivor . ''


It was shot at the Staples Center , Los Angeles , California , on September 2 , 2007 during her worldwide tour The Beyoncé Experience .

It was filmed in Staples Center , Los Angeles , California which was shot on September 2 , 2007 during her worldwide tour The Beyoncé Experience .


The Beyoncé Experience Live is a live DVD by American R&B recording artist Beyoncé , released by Columbia Records on November 20 , 2007 .

The Beyoncé Experience : Live is a live DVD by American R&B singer Beyoncé Knowles to be released in the US on November 20 , 2007 .


An advertisement was placed in the Virgin Records store in Manchester for a vocalist .

They placed an ad in the Virgin record shop in Manchester .


During the Stiff\/Chiswick Challenge concert at Manchester 's Rafters Club on 14 April , the group caught the attention of Tony Wilson and Rob Gretton .

Tony Wilson , who worked for Granada TV , and Rob Gretton liked their performance very much .


Joy Division were an English rock band formed in 1976 in Salford , Greater Manchester .

Joy Division were an English punk band .


Joy Division 's debut album , Unknown Pleasures , was released in 1979 on Wilson 's independent record label Factory Records , and drew critical acclaim from the British press .

In 1979 Joy Division released their first album Unknown Pleasures which was well received by critics .


Floorball , a type of floor hockey , is an indoor team sport which was developed in the 1970s in Sweden .

Floorball is an indoor team sport similar to hockey .


Houses built in Japan today often have very few tatami-floored rooms , if any .

Many homes have at least one tatami room .


Tatami were originally a luxury item for the nobility .

Tatami were originally a luxury item for the rich at a time when lower classes had mat-covered dirt floors .


Usually , on the long sides , they have edging ( heri ) of brocade or plain cloth , although some tatami have no edging .

They have borders of brocade or plain green cloth .


Tatami were gradually popularized and finally reached the homes of commoners toward the end of the 17th century .


In the Kamakura period , there arose the shoin-zukuri architectural style of residence for the samurai and priests who had gained power .

The shoin style of traditional Japanese residential architecture began in the Kamakura Era .


is a type of mat used as a flooring material in traditional Japanese-style rooms .

mats are a traditional Japanese flooring .


In 2011 , Hughes became host of Outdoor Channel 's Trophy Hunters TV .


Hughes was born in Hillsboro , Illinois .

Matthew Allen Hughes ( born December 13 , 1978 in Hillsboro , Illinois ) is a retired American mixed martial artist .


Matthew Allen Hughes ( born October 13 , 1973 ) is a retired American mixed martial artist , former two-time UFC Welterweight Champion , UFC Hall of Fame inductee , and NJCAA Hall of Fame inductee .

Hughes is a former two-time UFC Welterweight Champion and UFC Hall of Famer .


During his tenures in the Ultimate Fighting Championship , Hughes put together two separate six-fight winning streaks , defeated all the available opposition in the welterweight division , and defended the belt a then-record seven times .

He put together two separate six-fight winning streaks .


Because the storm was so large , highly destructive eye-wall winds and the strong northeastern quadrant of the storm pushed record storm surges onshore , smashing the entire Mississippi Gulf Coast , including towns in Mississippi such as Waveland , Bay St. Louis , Pass Christian , Long Beach , Gulfport , Biloxi , Ocean Springs , Gautier and Pascagoula , and , in Alabama , Bayou La Batre .

Because the storm was so large , its highly destructive eye-wall winds and the strong northeastern quadrant of the storm pushed record storm surges onshore , smashing the entire Mississippi Gulf Coast , including towns in Mississippi such as Waveland , Bay St. Louis , Pass Christian , Long Beach , Gulfport , Biloxi , Ocean Springs , Gautier and Pascagoula , and , in Alabama , Bayou La Batre .


Tropical Depression Twelve formed over the southeastern Bahamas at 5:00 p.m. EDT ( 2100 UTC ) on August 23 , 2005 , partially from the remains of Tropical Depression Ten , which had dissipated due to the effects of a nearby upper tropospheric trough .

Tropical Depression Twelve formed over the southeastern Bahamas at 5:00 p.m. EDT ( 2100 UTC ) on August 23 , 2005 , partially from the remains of Tropical Depression Ten , which had dissipated from the effects of a nearby upper tropospheric trough .


Katrina made its second landfall at 6:10 a.m. CDT on August 29 as a Category 3 hurricane with sustained winds of 125 mph ( 205 km\/h ) near Buras-Triumph , Louisiana .

Katrina made its second landfall at 6:10 a.m. CDT on August 29 as a Category 3 hurricane with winds of 125 mph ( 205 km\/h ) near Buras-Triumph , Louisiana .


Parts of the Florida Keys experienced tropical storm winds throughout August 26 , with the Dry Tortugas briefly experiencing hurricane-force winds .

Parts of the Florida Keys experienced tropical storm force winds throughout August 26 , with the Dry Tortugas briefly experiencing hurricane-force winds .


The reasons for this weakening are not completely known yet ; while the eye-wall replacement cycle played a part , slightly increasing shear , dropping sea-surface temperatures , dry air on the western semicircle of the storm and interaction with the continental landmass also may have played a role in weakening the cyclone .

The reasons for this weakening are not completely understood yet ; while the eye-wall replacement cycle played a part , slightly increasing shear , dropping sea surface temperatures , dry air on the western semicircle of the storm and interaction with the continental landmass also may have played a role in weakening the cyclone .


However , storm surge remained high at landfall because large waves greater than 30 feet ( 9.1 m ) in height were generated beforehand ( with a buoy recording a 55 ft\/16 .7 m wave at sea ) , when Katrina was at Categories 4 and 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale .

However , storm surges remained high at landfall because large waves greater than 30 feet ( 9.1 m ) in height were generated beforehand ( with a buoy recording a 55 ft\/16 .7 m wave at sea ) , when Katrina was at Categories 4 and 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale .


Afterward , Katrina made landfall as a Category 3 storm near Buras-Triumph , Louisiana , and once more near the Mississippi\/Louisiana border .

Afterwards , Katrina made landfall as a Category 3 hurricane near Buras-Triumph , Louisiana , and once more near the Mississippi\/Louisiana border .


It became a Category 5 ( the first in the Gulf of Mexico since Hurricane Allen 25 years prior ) storm by 7:00 a.m. CDT , twelve hours after the beginning of the second round of rapid intensification , and reached its peak intensity at 1:00 p.m. CDT with maximum sustained winds of 175 mph ( 280 km\/h ) , gusts of 215 mph ( 344 km\/h ) and a central pressure of 902 mbar ( 26.64 inHg ) .

It became a Category 5 storm by 7:00 a.m. CDT , twelve hours after the beginning of the second round of rapid intensification , and reached its peak intensity at 1:00 p.m. CDT with maximum sustained winds of 175 mph ( 280 km\/h ) , gusts of 215 mph ( 344 km\/h ) and a central pressure of 902 mbar ( 26.64 inHg ) .


On August 27 , the storm was upgraded to Category 3 intensity , becoming the third major hurricane of the season .

On August 27 , the storm was upgraded to Category 3 strength , becoming the third major hurricane of the season .


While the normal standards for numbering tropical depressions in the Atlantic indicate that the old name\/number is retained when a depression dissipates and regenerates , satellite data indicated that a second tropical wave combined with Tropical Depression Ten north of Puerto Rico to form a new , much more advanced system , which was then designated as Tropical Depression Twelve .

While the normal standards for numbering tropical depressions in the Atlantic shows that the old name\/number is kept when a depression dissipates and regenerates , satellite data indicated that a second tropical wave combined with Tropical Depression Ten north of Puerto Rico to form a new , much more advanced system , which was then named as Tropical Depression Twelve .


A second period of rapid intensification started by 7:00 p.m. CDT on August 27 , and by 12:40 a.m. CDT on August 28 , Katrina was upgraded to a Category 4 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph ( 233 km\/h ) .

The storm then began a second period of rapid intensification starting at 7:00 p.m. CDT on August 27 , and by 12:40 a.m. CDT on August 28 , Katrina was upgraded to a Category 4 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph ( 233 km\/h ) .


At landfall , hurricane-force winds extended 120 miles ( 190 km ) from the center , the storm 's pressure was 920 mbar ( 27.17 inHg ) , and its forward speed was 15 mph ( 24 km\/h ) .

At landfall , hurricane-force winds were recorded 120 miles ( 190 km ) from the center , the storm 's central pressure was 920 mbar ( 27.17 inHg ) , and its forward speed was 15 mph ( 10 km\/h ) .


Original estimates indicated that Katrina had made this landfall as a Category 4 hurricane , with 135 mph ( 220 km\/h ) winds ; however , as indicated above , the storm weakened just before landfall to Category 3 intensity .

Original estimates recorded that Katrina had made this landfall as a Category 4 hurricane , with 135 mph ( 220 km\/h ) winds ; however , as mentioned above , the storm weakened just before landfall to Category 3 intensity .


The minimum pressure made Katrina , at the time , the fourth most intense Atlantic hurricane on record ( Hurricanes Rita and Wilma would later surpass Katrina that same year ) .

The minimum pressure made Katrina , at the time , the fourth most intense Atlantic hurricane on record ( Hurricanes Rita and Wilma would later beat Katrina 's record that same year ) .


Simultaneously , the trough in the upper troposphere weakened , causing the wind shear in the area to relax , thereby allowing the new tropical depression to develop .

Simultaneously , the trough in the upper troposphere weakened , causing the wind shear in the area to decrease , also allowing the new tropical depression to develop .


As the atmospheric conditions surrounding Tropical Depression Twelve were favorable for tropical development , the system began to intensify and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Katrina on the morning of August 24 .

As the atmospheric conditions surrounding Tropical Depression Twelve were favorable for tropical development , the system began to strengthen , was upgraded to Tropical Storm status and given the name Katrina on the morning of August 24 .


On the October 25 episode of Raw , Heath Slater and Justin Gabriel won the Tag Team Championship , after beating Otunga and Cena in a match in which Barrett ordered Otunga to lie down and be pinned .

Slater and Gabriel won the Tag Team Championship on the next Raw when Barrett ordered Otunga to lie down and be pinned on purpose .


Later on in the same night , the group helped Kane defeat The Undertaker in his Buried Alive match , for reasons which have yet to be explained .

The rest of the Nexus also helped Kane defeat The Undertaker in a buried alive match later that night .


At WrestleMania XXVII , Randy Orton defeated CM Punk , but was unable to punt him in the skull , thus leaving CM Punk as the only active member of the New Nexus .

Orton was unable to punt Punk in the head after their match at WrestleMania XXVII which left Punk as the only active member of Nexus .


Later on in the show , Barrett defeated Mark Henry in a singles match .

Later on in the show Barrett beat Mark Henry .


They then tried to climb up and get involved .

Then , they tried to climb up and get into the match .


They then served as lumberjacks for the main event of the evening , between John Cena and Kane .

The Nexus would later serve as lumberjacks in the main event match between John Cena and Kane .


On the April 25 edition of Raw , at the WWE draft , Orton was drafted to SmackDown and beat Punk at Extreme Rules 2011 thus ending his feud with New Nexus .

Orton was drafted to SmackDown during the WWE Draft and defeated Punk at Extreme Rules which ended the feud between Orton and Nexus .


On the 900th episode of Raw Nexus defeated John Cena , Edge , Chris Jericho , Sheamus and Randy Orton in a 5 on 5 elimination match , after Gabriel hit Cena with the 450-splash for the third time , pinning him a second time , while Barrett dropped and pinned Randy Orton .

The Nexus defeated the team of John Cena , Edge , Chris Jericho , Sheamus and Randy Orton in a 5 on 5 elimination match .


At Hell in a Cell Barrett and Cena faced each other in a match with the stipulation that if Barrett won , Cena would have to join Nexus , and if Cena won or Nexus got involved , the group would be disbanded .

If Barrett won , Cena would be forced to join Nexus but if Cena won Nexus would be disbanded .


The match came down to Cena and Barrett , where Barrett ordered Cena to eliminate himself .

During a # 1 contender battle royal later that night , Barrett ordered Cena to eliminate himself when it came down to them .


Barrett managed to win the match , following interference from Husky Harris and Michael McGillicutty .

Barrett went on to win the match after Husky Harris and Michael McGillicutty interfered in the match .


In a live event in Hawaii on Aug 18 , 2010 at the Blaisdell Arena , Skip Sheffield broke his ankle during a tag match where he teamed with Otunga against the Hart Dynasty , putting him out for months , thus leaving only five active members of Nexus remaining .

At a live event in Hawaii , member Skip Sheffield broke his ankle during a tag match with Otunga against the Hart Dynasty .


On the December 6 episode of Raw , Slater and Gabriel lost their WWE Tag Team Championships against the team of Santino Marella and Vladimir Kozlov in a Fatal 4-Way Tag Team Elimination Match , following an interference from Cena .

Cena caused Slater and Gabriel to lose their Tag Team Champions to Santino Marella and Vladimir Kozlov after he interfered in their Fatal 4-Way tag team elimination match .


Earlier on in the night the group also attacked The Undertaker with help from Kane .

They also attacked The Undertaker with the help of Kane .


Raw general manager Bret Hart declined the demand and fired Barrett .

Bret Hart said no , and he also fired Barrett .


The group participated in the 2011 Royal Rumble but were eliminated by John Cena ( aside from Harris who was eliminated by The Great Khali ) , this finally ended the feud between Cena and The Nexus .

The feud between Cena and Nexus ended when Cena eliminated the members of Nexus in the Royal Rumble except Husky Harris who was eliminated by The Great Khali .


Barrett did n't approve Otunga 's decision to lead Nexus to SmackDown and as a result forced him to defend his spot in the group a week later .

Barrett was n't happy with Otunga 's decision to invade SmackDown and he forced Otunga to defend his spot in the group the next week .


Later the same night , Cena informed Nexus that his attacks on them may stop , however attacks on Barrett would continue .

Cena said later in the night that his attacks on Barrett would continue but attacks on the rest of the members of Nexus may stop eventually .


On the November 12 edition of SmackDown Otunga defeated Edge in a lumberjack match , after an interference from Kane , to keep his spot in Nexus .

Otunga successfully defended his spot in the group when he defeated Edge in a lumberjack match , after an interference from Kane .


CM Punk was revealed to be the new leader , acquiring the position after Barrett lost a Steel Cage match against Randy Orton and Sheamus , in which he would lose his status as leader and be exiled from Nexus should he lose the match .

Nexus announced that it was under `` new management '' and CM Punk later revealed that he was that new leader after Barrett was kicked out of Nexus for losing his match against Randy Orton and Sheamus .


The seven losers of the competition were left without a job , and Barrett immediately began performing on the Raw brand .

The seven losers of the show were left without a job .


The Nexus ( later renamed New Nexus ) was a heel professional wrestling stable in the professional wrestling promotion , WWE , that competed on its Raw brand .

The Nexus was a professional wrestling stable that competed on the Raw brand .


On January 10 , 2011 , Justin Gabriel and Heath Slater left the group , after refusing to follow CM Punk 's orders of initiation by hitting each other with kendo sticks , to join Barrett and Ezekiel Jackson on SmackDown !

After CM Punk ordered Slater and Gabriel to hit each other with kendo sticks for initiation , they refused and left Nexus to join Barrett and Ezekiel Jackson on SmackDown as The Corre .


On November 5 Otunga , who had been questioning Barrett 's leadership in the past weeks , led Gabriel , Harris , McGillicutty and Slater to an invasion of SmackDown , interrupting a match between Edge and Alberto Del Rio .

Otunga led Harris , Slater , Gabriel and McGillicutty and they invaded SmackDown where they interrupted a match between Edge and Alberto Del Rio .


In the main event of the night Cena defeated Orton via disqualification , this time caused by Barrett , who then as a result was allowed to select his own special guest referee for his WWE Championship match against Orton at Survivor Series .

Barrett was allowed to chose a special guest referee for his WWE Championship rematch against Orton at Survivor Series and he chose Cena .


On December 19 at TLC : Tables , Ladders & Chairs , Cena defeated Barrett in the main event of the evening , after attacking all the other members of Nexus throughout the event .

Cena defeated Barrett after he attacked the other members of Nexus throughout the PPV .


While almost all the members of Nexus won their respective matches , Darren Young failed to defeat John Cena in the main event and was not only kicked out of Nexus , but attacked by the group following his loss .

All members of the Nexus , except for Darren Young , won their matches that night .


Wanting the attacks to stop , Nexus ( excluding McGillicutty , who was ( kayfabe ) injured after being attacked the previous week by Cena ) threatened to eject leader Wade Barrett from the group if he did not get Cena rehired the following week .

Nexus threatened to kick out Barrett if he did not get Cena rehired .


In the main event of the pay-per-view , Barrett beat Orton in a WWE Championship match via disqualification , caused by John Cena , thus not winning the title .

Barrett defeated Randy Orton in the main event match for the WWE Championship by disqualification from John Cena which caused him not to win the championship .


At the Royal Rumble , The New Nexus cost Randy Orton the WWE Championship .

The rest of the members of Nexus returned and cost Orton a shot at the WWE Championship .


When Hart then ordered the whole Raw roster to stand guard at the ringside and stage areas during the main event , Nexus attacked Hart backstage by forcing him into a limousine and crashing it into other vehicles .

The Nexus then attacked Hart , and threw him into a limo .


Barrett chose Cena and declared that if he does n't win the title at the pay-per-view , Cena will be fired , but if he does , Cena will be relieved of all of his responsibilities to Nexus .

He said if Cena did n't make sure he won , Cena would be fired from the WWE but if Barrett did win , Cena would be able to leave the Nexus .


Paul Michael Glaser ( born March 25 , 1943 ) is an American actor and director perhaps best known for his role as Detective David Starsky on the 1970s television series , Starsky and Hutch .

Paul Michael Glaser ( born March 25 , 1943 ) is an American actor and director .


He also directed episodes of several well-known TV series , including Miami Vice , Robbery Homicide Division and Judging Amy .

He also directed episodes of the series : Starsky and Hutch , Miami Vice , Otherworld , The Agency , Mister Sterling , Robbery Homicide Division , Judging Amy , Third Watch , and many more .


After the series , Glaser continued to act on television and in films , and directed the 1987 movie The Running Man starring Arnold Schwarzenegger as well as the 1992 movie The Cutting Edge .

He directed Arnold Schwarzenegger in The Running Man ( 1987 ) .


There are four models commonly used for hyperbolic geometry : the Klein model , the Poincaré disc model , the Poincaré half-plane model , and the Lorentz model , or hyperboloid model .

There are three models commonly used for hyperbolic geometry : the Klein model , the Poincaré disc model , and the Lorentz model , or hyperboloid model .


In Euclidean geometry , the `` angle of parallelism '' is a constant ; that is , any distance between parallel lines yields an angle of parallelism equal to 90 ° .

In Euclidean geometry , the angle of parallelism is a constant ; that is , any distance between parallel lines yields an angle of parallelism equal to 90 ° .


In the nineteenth century , hyperbolic geometry was extensively explored by János Bolyai and Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky , after whom it sometimes is named .

In the nineteenth century , hyperbolic geometry was explored by János Bolyai and Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky , after whom it sometimes is named .


In this article , the two limiting lines are called asymptotic and lines sharing a common perpendicular are called ultraparallel ; the simple word parallel may apply to both .

In this article , the two limiting lines are called asymptotic and lines that have a common perpendicular are called ultraparallel ; the simple word parallel may apply to both .


Because there is no precise hyperbolic analog to Euclidean parallel lines , the hyperbolic use of parallel and related terms varies among writers .

Because there is no hyperbolic analog to Euclidean parallel lines , the hyperbolic use of parallel and related terms varies among writers .


In hyperbolic geometry , the angle of parallelism varies with the Π ( p ) function .

In hyperbolic geometry , the angle of parallelism varies with the function .


Carl Friedrich Gauss also studied hyperbolic geometry , describing in an 1824 letter to Taurinus that he had constructed it , but did not publish his work .

Karl Friedrich Gauss also studied hyperbolic geometry , describing in a 1824 letter to Taurinus that he had constructed it , but did not publish his work .


This function , described by Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky , produces a unique angle of parallelism for each distance p = .

This function , described by Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky , produces a unique angle of parallelism for each distance .


Thus we have this modified form of the parallel postulate : In hyperbolic geometry , given any line R , and point P not on R , there are exactly two lines through P which are asymptotic to R , and infinitely many lines through P ultraparallel to R . The differences between these types of lines can also be looked at in the following way : the distance between asymptotic lines shrinks toward zero in one direction and grows without bound in the other ; the distance between ultraparallel lines ( eventually ) increases in both directions .

Thus we have this modified form of the parallel postulate : In hyperbolic geometry , given any line l , and point P not on l , there are exactly two lines through P which are asymptotic to l , and infinitely many lines through P ultraparallel to l . The differences between these types of lines can also be looked at in the following way : the distance between asymptotic lines run to zero in one direction and grows without bound in the other ; the distance between ultraparallel lines increases in both directions .


An interesting property of hyperbolic geometry follows from the occurrence of more than one line parallel to R through a point P , not on R : there are two classes of non-intersecting lines .

An interesting property of hyperbolic geometry follows from the occurrence of more than one parallel line through a point P : there are two classes of non-intersecting lines .


Indeed , on small scales compared to , where K is the ( constant ) Gaussian curvature of the plane , an observer would have a hard time determining whether the environment is Euclidean or hyperbolic .

Indeed , on small scales compared to , where is the ( constant ) Gaussian curvature of the plane , an observer would have a hard time determining whether he is in the Euclidean or the hyperbolic plane .


Despite their names , the first three mentioned above were introduced as models of hyperbolic space by Beltrami , not by Poincaré or Klein .

Despite the naming , the two disc models and the half-plane model were introduced as models of hyperbolic space by Beltrami , not by Poincaré or Klein .


Let B be the point on R such that the line PB is perpendicular to R. Consider the line x through P such that x does not intersect R , and the angle θ between PB and x counterclockwise from PB is as small as possible ; i.e. , any smaller angle will force the line to intersect R . This is called an asymptotic line in hyperbolic geometry .

Let B be the point on l such that the line PB is perpendicular to l. Consider the line x through P such that x does not intersect l , and the angle θ between PB and x counterclockwise from PB is as small as possible ; i.e. , any smaller angle will force the line to intersect l . This is called an asymptotic line in hyperbolic geometry .


Models have been constructed within Euclidean geometry that obey the axioms of hyperbolic geometry , thus proving that the parallel postulate is independent of the other postulates of Euclid .

Models have been constructed within Euclidean geometry that obey the axioms of hyperbolic geometry .


The parallel postulate in Euclidean geometry is equivalent to the statement that , in two-dimensional space , for any given line R and point P not on R , there is exactly one line through P that does not intersect R ; i.e. , that is parallel to R . In hyperbolic geometry there are at least two distinct lines through P which do not intersect R , so the parallel postulate is false .

The parallel postulate in Euclidean geometry says that in two dimensional space , for any given line l and point P not on l , there is exactly one line through P that does not intersect l . This line is called parallel to l . In hyperbolic geometry there are at least two such lines through P . As they do not intersect l , the parallel postulate is false .


The only two lines asymptotic to R through P are x and y. All other lines through P not intersecting R , with angles greater than θ with PB , are called ultra-parallel ( or disjointly parallel ) to R. Notice that since there are an infinite number of possible angles between θ and 90 ° , and each one will determine two lines through P and disjointly parallel to R , there exist an infinite number of ultraparallel lines .

x and y are the only two lines asymptotic to l through P. All other lines through P not intersecting l , with angles greater than θ with PB , are called ultraparallel ( or disjointly parallel ) to l. Notice that since there are an infinite number of possible angles between θ and 90 degrees , and each one will determine two lines through P and disjointly parallel to l , there exist an infinite number of ultraparallel lines .


In mathematics , hyperbolic geometry ( also called Lobachevskian geometry or Bolyai-Lobachevskian geometry ) is a non-Euclidean geometry , meaning that the parallel postulate of Euclidean geometry is replaced .

In mathematics , hyperbolic geometry is a non-Euclidean geometry , meaning that the parallel postulate of Euclidean geometry is replaced .


Their works on hyperbolic geometry had a considerable influence on its development among later European geometers , including Witelo , Gersonides , Alfonso , John Wallis and Saccheri .

Their works on hyperbolic geometry had a influence on its development among later European geometers , including Witelo , Alfonso and John Wallis .


The theorems of Alhacen , Khayyam and al-Tusi on quadrilaterals , including the Ibn al-Haytham-Lambert quadrilateral and Khayyam-Saccheri quadrilateral , were the first theorems on hyperbolic geometry .

The theorems of Alhacen , Khayyam on quadrilaterals , were the first theorems on hyperbolic geometry .


As the distance gets shorter , Π ( p ) approaches 90 ° , whereas with increasing distance Π ( p ) approaches 0 ° .

As the distance gets shorter , approaches 90 ° , whereas with increasing distance approaches 0 ° .


The measure of the enclosed n ball is : A number of geometers made attempts to prove the parallel postulate by assuming its negation and trying to derive a contradiction , including Proclus , Ibn al-Haytham ( Alhacen ) , Omar Khayyám , Nasir al-Din al-Tusi , Witelo , Gersonides , Alfonso , and later Giovanni Gerolamo Saccheri , John Wallis , Johann Heinrich Lambert , and Legendre .

A number of geometers made attempts to prove the parallel postulate , including Omar Khayyám , and later Giovanni Gerolamo Saccheri , John Wallis , Lambert , and Legendre .


They soon split into cat-like and dog-like forms ( Feliformia and Caniformia ) .

The group is divided into the `` cat-like '' Feliformia and the `` dog-like '' Caniformia .


EMI-Columbia released The Piper at the Gates of Dawn in August 1967 .

Their first album was the Piper at the Gates of Dawn , which was released in 1967 .


Pink Floyd were an English rock band that achieved international acclaim with their progressive and psychedelic music .

Pink Floyd is an English rock band that became famous in the 1960s .


Each of the first four tournaments was played by eight teams , divided into two groups of four .

The first four tournaments were played by eight teams , divided into two groups of four .


The `` Super 6 '' teams played the three other teams that advanced from the other group .

The `` Super 6 '' teams played the three other teams that had made it through from the other group .


The four teams in each group played each other in the round-robin group stage , with the top two teams in each group progressing to the semi-finals .

The four teams in each group played each other once in the group stage .


India and Sri Lanka between them have made it to the finals of all World Cup tournaments in this millennium The Test-playing nations qualify automatically for the World Cup main event , while the other teams have to qualify through a series of preliminary qualifying tournaments .


The event is organised by the sport 's governing body , the International Cricket Council ( ICC ) , with preliminary qualification rounds leading up to a finals tournament which is held every four years .

The event is organised by the sport 's governing body , the International Cricket Council ( ICC ) .


Process summary in chronological order : The format of the Cricket World Cup has changed greatly over the course of its history .


There , competition comprised two stages , a group stage and a knock-out stage .


The top four teams from the `` Super 8 '' round advance to the semi-finals , and the winners of the semi-finals play in the final .

The top four teams from the `` Super 8 '' round advance to the semi-finals .


The teams were split into two pools , with the top three teams in each pool advancing to the Super 6 .

The top three teams in each pool went into the Super 6 .


In subsequent years , international Test cricket has generally been organised as bilateral series : a multilateral Test tournament was not organised again until the quadrangular Asian Test Championship in 1999 .

In subsequent years , international Test cricket has been generally been organised as bilateral series .


Teams earned points in the same way as the group stage , but carrying their points forward from previous matches against the other teams who qualified from the same group to the `` Super 8 '' stage .

Teams also carry their points forward from the match against the other team who qualified from the same group .


The ICC Cricket World Cup is the international championship of One Day International ( ODI ) cricket .

The ICC Cricket World Cup is an international cricket competition .


The first multilateral competition at international level was the 1912 Triangular Tournament , a Test cricket tournament played in England between all three Test-playing nations at the time : England , Australia and South Africa .

It was a Test cricket tournament played in England between England , Australia and South Africa .


As they advanced , the teams carried their points forward from previous matches against other teams advancing alongside them , giving them an incentive to perform well in the group stages .

The teams carried their points forward from the matches played against the other two who were in their group .


Within each group , the teams play each other in a round-robin format .

Each team played each other once within the group .


Within each group , the teams will play in a round-robin format .

Within each group each team will play each other once .


The tournament was further expanded in 1996 , with two groups of six teams .

The tournament was made bigger in 1996 , with two groups of six teams .


Split into two pools of seven teams each , the top four teams from each group qualified for the quarter-finals .


In 1901 he returned to Spain and opened the Escuela Moderna ( The Modern School ) to teach middle-class children ( then ) radical social values .

In 1901 he returned to Spain and opened la Escuela Moderna ( The Modern School ) to teach middle-class children ( then ) radical social values , the school was free .


The first and most notable Modern School was formed in New York City in 1911 , and then later a community was founded around a school , known as Ferrer Colony and Modern School .

The first and most important Modern School was formed in New York City in 1911 , and then later a community was founded around a school , known as Ferrer Colony and Modern School .


The work was entitled The Origins and Ideals of the Modern School and was translated into English by Joseph McCabe and published by the Knickerbocker Press in 1913 .

The book was called The Origins and Ideals of the Modern School and was translated into English by Joseph McCabe and published by the Knickerbocker Press in 1913 .


Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia ( 10 January 1859 - 13 October 1909 ) ( known as Francisco Ferrer y Guardia in Spanish and often simply as Francisco Ferrer ) was a Spanish free-thinker and anarchist .

Francesc Ferrer y Guàrdia ( 10 January 1859 - 12 October 1909 ) , ( known as Francisco Ferrer i Guardia in Englishpr shortly Francisco Ferrer ) , was a Spanish Catalan `` free-thinker '' and anarchist .


He was born in Alella ( a small town near Barcelona ) to Roman Catholic parents .

He was born in Alella ( a small town near Barcelona ) .


Shortly after his execution , numerous supporters of Ferrer 's ideas in the United States formed what were called Modern Schools , or Ferrer Schools , modeled after la Escuela Moderna .

After his execution , numerous supporters of Ferrer 's ideas in the United States formed what were called Modern Schools , or Ferrer Schools .


Following the declaration of martial law in 1909 during the Tragic Week , he was arrested and , having been found guilty after a lengthy trial , executed by firing squad at Montjuich Fortress in Barcelona on 13 October .

When the martial law was reused in 1909 during the Tragic Week , he was arrested , convicted without any proof and executed by firing squad at Montjuich Fortress in Barcelona on 13 October .


Divorcing in 1899 , he remarried a wealthy Parisian teacher shortly thereafter .

Divorcing his first wife in 1899 , he remarried a rich Parisian teacher some time after .


In 1906 he was arrested on suspicion of involvement with Mateu Morral 's attack on King Alfonso XIII and released uncharged over a year later .

In 1906 he was arrested and accused of helping with Mateu Morral 's attack on King Alphonso XIII and released a year later .


A neutron star has a mass comparable to that of the Sun , but as it is only about 10 km ( 6 mi ) in radius , it has an average density 1 quadrillion times that of water .

Neutron stars have a radius of about 10 kilometres ( 6 mi ) and a mass from about 1.4 to 5 times the mass of the Sun .


Other neutron stars are formed within close binaries .

All other stars that go supernova become neutron stars .


The surface of the neutron star is made of iron .


Over time , neutron stars slow down ( spin down ) because their rotating magnetic fields radiate energy ; older neutron stars may take several seconds for each revolution .

Neutron stars have very strong magnetic fields .


Such spin rates are expected if the core of the original star collapses without loss of angular momentum - if the original star has a magnetic field , then this too may be conserved and concentrated in the collapse to a neutron star .


Neutron stars which emit such pulses are called pulsars .

This ` pulse ' is why they are called pulsars .


In particular , a nucleus is held together by the strong interaction , whereas a neutron star is held together by gravity .

It is a very large nucleus held together by gravity .


Since 2006 Edmondson has concentrated increasingly on music instead of acting , forming band The Bad Shepherds and performing and writing for the Bonzo Dog Doo Dah Band .

He made the band The Bad Shepherds and performs and writes for the Bonzo Dog Doo Dah Band .


Adrian Charles Edmondson sometimes known as Ade Edmondson ( born 24 January 1957 ) is a British comedian , actor , writer , musician , television presenter and director .

Adrian Charles `` Ade '' Edmondson ( 24 January 1957 ) is in English actor and comedian .


Edmondson , the second of four children , was born in Bradford , West Riding of Yorkshire .

Edmonson was born in Bradford , West Riding of Yorkshire .


Edmondson has been married to fellow comedian Jennifer Saunders since 1985 and they have three daughters and two grandchildren .

He is married to comedienne Jennifer Saunders .


After World War I , Bohemia became part of the new Czechoslovakia , and Bohemian athletes competed for Czechoslovakia at the Olympics .


After the 1992 Summer Olympics and the dissolution of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993 , Bohemian athletes competed for the Czech Republic at the Olympics .

After Czechoslovakia was split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993 , Bohemian athletes competed for the Czech Republic at the Olympics .


The team made its debut at the 1900 Summer Olympics .

The team began taking part in the Olympics at the 1900 Summer Olympics .


Bohemia , an autonomous part of Austria-Hungary until 1918 , competed at some of the early modern Olympic Games .

It was an autonomous part of Austria-Hungary until 1918 .


If these post-war appearances are counted , Bohemia has missed only three Olympics : the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics , the 1904 Summer Olympics ( the first held outside Europe ) and the boycotted 1984 Summer Olympics .

Bohemian athletes have missed only three Olympics : the first in 1896 , the 1904 Summer Olympics ( the first not to take place in Europe ) and the boycotted 1984 Summer Olympics .


Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials .

Geotechnical engineering is an important subset of civil engineering dealing with engineering performance of earth materials .


Geotechnical engineering uses principles of soil and rock mechanics to determine : to design : and to monitor : Foundations built for above-ground structures include shallow and deep foundations .


A plaque on the copper just under the figure in front declares that it is a colossal statue representing Liberty , designed by Bartholdi and built by the Paris firm of Gaget , Gauthier et Cie ( Cie is the French abbreviation analogous to Co. ) .

A plaque on the copper just under the figure 's feet declares that it is a colossal statue representing Liberty , designed by Bartholdi and built by the Paris firm of Gaget , Gauthier et Cie ( Cie is the French abbreviation analogous to Co. ) .


There is a tablet placed by the New York committee that commemorates the fundraising done to build the pedestal .

The New York committee made a plaque that commemorates the fundraising done to build the pedestal .


Two Americans-Pulitzer and Lazarus-and three Frenchmen-Bartholdi , Laboulaye , and Eiffel-are depicted .

The statues stand for two Americans-Pulitzer and Lazarus-and three Frenchmen-Bartholdi , Laboulaye , and Eiffel .


They are the work of Maryland sculptor Phillip Ratner .

The five statues were designed by Maryland sculptor Phillip Ratner .


A presentation tablet , also bearing Bartholdi 's name , declares the statue to be a gift from the people of the Republic of France that honors `` the Alliance of the two Nations in achieving the Independence of the United States of America and attests their abiding friendship . ''

Another plaquedeclares the statue to be a gift from the people of the Republic of France that honors `` the Alliance of the two Nations in achieving the Independence of the United States of America and attests their abiding friendship . ''


A group of statues stands at the western end of the island , honoring those closely associated with the Statue of Liberty .

A group of five statues is at the western end of the island .


There are several plaques and dedicatory tablets on or near the Statue of Liberty .

There are several metal plaques on or near the Statue of Liberty .


Stephen Collins Foster ( July 4 , 1826 - January 13 , 1864 ) , known as the `` father of American music '' , was an American songwriter primarily known for his parlor and minstrel music .

Stephen Collins Foster ( July 4 , 1826 - January 13 , 1864 ) was America 's first professional songwriter .


Foster was buried in the Allegheny Cemetery in Pittsburgh .

She is buried in the Allegheny Cemetery .


The guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ) , also known as million fish and rainbow fish , is one of the world 's most widely distributed tropical fish , and one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species .

The guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ) , also known as the millionfish , is one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species in the world .


The size of guppies vary , but males are typically 1.5-3 .5 centimetres ( 0.6-1 .4 in ) long , while females are 3-6 centimetres ( 1.2-2 .4 in ) long .

It is a small member of the Poeciliidae family ( females 4-6 centimetres ( 1.6-2 .4 in ) long , males 2.5-3 .5 centimetres ( 1.0-1 .4 in ) long ) and like all other members of the family , is live-bearing .


The 1966 FIFA World Cup , the eighth staging of the World Cup , was held in England from 11 to 30 July .

The 1966 FIFA World Cup was the eighth FIFA World Cup .


England beat West Germany 4-2 in the final , winning the World Cup .

England won the final beating West Germany 4-2 .


With this victory England became the third host to win the tournament after Uruguay in 1930 and Italy in 1934 , and to date it is the only major championship England has won .

England also became the first host to win since Italy won it in 1934 .


Art Pepper ( September 1 , 1925 - June 15 , 1982 ) , born Arthur Edward Pepper , Jr. , was an American alto saxophonist and clarinetist .

Arthur Edward `` Art '' Pepper , Jr. ( September 1 , 1925-June 15 , 1982 ) was an American jazz alto saxophonist .


Some of Pepper 's most famous albums from the 1950s are Art Pepper Meets the Rhythm Section , Art Pepper + Eleven - Modern Jazz Classics , Gettin ' Together , and Smack Up .

Some of his most famous albums are Art Pepper Meets the Rhythm Section , The Aladdin Recordings ( three volumes ) , Art Pepper + Eleven - Modern Jazz Classics , Gettin ' Together , and Smack Up .


Along with Chet Baker , Gerry Mulligan and Shelly Manne , and perhaps due more to geography than playing style , Pepper is often associated with the musical movement known as West Coast jazz , as contrasted with the East Coast ( or `` hot '' ) jazz associated with the likes of Charlie Parker , Dizzy Gillespie and Miles Davis .

Along with Chet Baker , Gerry Mulligan , Shelly Manne and others , he performed and recorded a lot of very good music .


At the Sea Life London Aquarium , two female stingrays have delivered seven baby stingrays , although the mothers have not been near a male for two years .

At the Sea Life London Aquarium 2 female stingrays have delivered 7 baby stingrays , although the mothers have not been near a male for 2 years .


Stingrays are ovoviviparous , bearing live young in `` litters '' of five to 13 .

Stingrays are ovoviviparous , bearing live young in ` litters ' of five to thirteen .


Instead , the embryos absorb nutrients from a yolk sac , and after the sac is depleted , the mother provides uterine `` milk '' .

Instead , the embryos absorb nutrients from a yolk sac , and after the sac is depleted , the mother provides uterine ` milk ' .


Stingrays feed primarily on molluscs , crustaceans , and occasionally on small fish .

Stingrays feed mostly on molluscs , crustaceans , and occasionally on small fish .


A few members of the suborder , such as the manta rays and the porcupine ray , do not have stingers .

A few members of the suborder , such as the manta rays and the porcupine ray , do not have stings .


Stingrays are a group of rays , which are cartilaginous fishes related to sharks .

They are cartilaginous fishes related to sharks .


The stinger may reach a length of approximately 35 cm ( 14 in ) , and its underside has two grooves with venom glands .

The sting may reach about 35 cm , and its underside has two grooves with venom glands .


The flattened bodies of stingrays allow them to effectively conceal themselves in their environment .

The flattened bodies of stingrays allow them to hide themselves .


Stingrays do this by agitating the sand and hiding beneath it .

Stingrays agitate the sand and hide beneath it .


The stinger is covered with a thin layer of skin , the integumentary sheath , in which the venom is concentrated .

The sting is covered with a thin layer of skin , the sheath , in which the venom is held .


Because their eyes are on top of their bodies and their mouths on the undersides , stingrays can not see their prey ; instead , they use smell and electroreceptors ( ampullae of Lorenzini ) similar to those of sharks .

Because their eyes are on top of their bodies and their mouths on the undersides , stingrays can not see their prey .


Most stingrays have one or more barbed stingers ( modified from dermal denticles ) on the tail , which are used exclusively in self-defense .

Most stingrays have one or more barbed stings on the tail , which is used only for self-defense .


Stingrays are common in coastal tropical and subtropical marine waters throughout the world , and also includes species found in warmer temperate oceans , such as Dasyatis thetidis , and those found in the deep ocean , such as Plesiobatis daviesi .

Stingrays are common in coastal tropical and subtropical marine waters throughout the world .


This field overlaps with other areas of biology and chemistry , particularly genetics and biochemistry .

The field overlaps with other areas of biology and chemistry , particularly cell biology , genetics , biophysics and biochemistry .


Molecular biology chiefly concerns itself with understanding the interactions between the various systems of a cell , including the interactions between the different types of DNA , RNA and protein biosynthesis as well as learning how these interactions are regulated .

Molecular biology chiefly concerns itself with understanding the interactions between the various systems of a cell , including the interrelationship of DNA , RNA and protein biosynthesis and learning how these interactions are regulated .


Researchers in molecular biology use specific techniques native to molecular biology but increasingly combine these with techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry .

Researchers in molecular biology use specific techniques that are typical for molecular biology , but they combine these with techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry .


There is not a defined line between these disciplines .

There is no hard & fast line between these disciplines , as there once was .


As of the early 2000s , the study of gene structure and function , molecular genetics , has been among the most prominent sub-field of molecular biology .

Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecular level .


For their achievements Cornell , Wieman , and Wolfgang Ketterle at MIT received the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics .

Cornell , Wieman , and Wolfgang Ketterle at MIT were then given the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics .


As of June 2006 , Stripped had sold over 12 million copies worldwide .


Stripped is the fourth studio album by American recording artist Christina Aguilera , released on October 25 , 2002 by RCA Records .

Stripped is the fourth studio album by American singer Christina Aguilera .


Therefore , a cryptographic hash function should behave as much as possible like a random function while still being deterministic and efficiently computable .

A cryptographic hash function should behave as much as possible like a random function while still being deterministic and efficiently computable .


Most cryptographic hash functions are designed to take a string of any length as input and produce a fixed-length hash value .

A hash function takes a string of any length as input and produces a fixed length string which acts as a kind of `` signature '' for the data provided .


The ideal cryptographic hash function has four main properties : Cryptographic hash functions have many information security applications , notably in digital signatures , message authentication codes ( MACs ) , and other forms of authentication .

The ideal hash function has three main properties : Functions with these properties are used as hash functions for a variety of purposes , not only in cryptography .


A cryptographic hash function is a hash function that takes an arbitrary block of data and returns a fixed-size bit string , the cryptographic hash value , such that any ( accidental or intentional ) change to the data will ( with very high probability ) change the hash value .

A cryptographic hash function is a transformation that takes an input ( or ` message ' ) and returns a fixed-size string , which is called the hash value ( sometimes called a message digest , a digital fingerprint , a digest or a checksum ) .


A stroke , sometimes referred to as a cerebrovascular accident ( CVA ) , cerebrovascular insult ( CVI ) , or colloquially brain attack is the loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood supply to the brain .

A stroke , or cerebrovascular accident ( CVA ) , is the rapid loss of brain function ( s ) due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain .


A stroke is a medical emergency and can cause permanent neurological damage or death .


As a result , the affected area of the brain can not function normally , which might result in an inability to move one or more limbs on one side of the body , failure to understand or formulate speech , or a vision impairment of one side of the visual field .

Symptoms might include : hemiplegia ( an inability to move one or more limbs on one side of the body ) , aphasia ( inability to understand or use speech ) , or an inability to see one side of the visual field .


The earliest known butterfly fossils date to the mid Eocene epoch , 40-50 million years ago .

The earliest known butterfly fossils date to the mid Eocene epoch , between 40-50 million years ago .


These prolegs have rings of tiny hooks called crochets that help them grip the substrate .

The prolegs have tiny hooks at the end of the each foot .


Butterflies are a chiefly diurnal group of the order Lepidoptera ( which also includes moths ) .

Butterflies were the last major group of insects to appear on the planet .


Some caterpillars have the ability to inflate parts of their head to appear snake-like .

The caterpillars also have colors with similar functions .


Butterflies may have one or more broods per year .


Other butterflies may lay their eggs in the spring and have them hatch in the summer .

The butterfly then hatches out and lays more eggs .


New Line Film Productions Inc. , often simply referred to as New Line Cinema , is an American film studio .

New Line Film Productions Inc. , often called New Line Cinema , is an American movie studio .


Robert Shaye and Michael Lynne said that they would step down with a letter to their employees .

It was founded in 1967 by Robert Shaye and Michael Lynne .


are verifiable by other editors Sources are ( nearly ) everything Your topic might be notable , but without good references , nobody else can review it and agree with you , or verify the information in your article .

What to do now Sources are ( nearly ) everything Your topic might be notable , but without good references , nobody else can review it and agree with you , or verify the information in your article .


When you feel your article is ready , please consider using this wizard again ( just go back to the beginning ) ; alternatively , you can create a draft whilst you get the article ready ( see below ) .

When you think your article is ready , please consider using this wizard again ( just go back to the start ) .


If you 'd like to try to find the reliable sources needed for your proposed article , these links may help : This wizard is under active development .

If you want to try to find the sources needed for your article , these links may help :


Although your proposed article might not be ready now , it could possibly be improved with some work .

Your article might not be ready now , but it could be improved with some work .


The key thing you 'll need is ( more ) reliable sources , which are also independent of the subject .

The main thing you will need is ( more ) reliable sources that are not associated with the subject .


In any case , we encourage you to continue to participate in the project in other ways , such as working on improving existing articles .

Whatever you choose , we encourage you to keep helping the Simple English Wikipedia in other ways , such as working on improving existing articles .


Vladimir Aleksandrovich Teplyakov ( Russian : Владимир Александрович Тепляков ) ( November 6 , 1925 - December 10 , 2009 ) was a Russian physicist best known for his work on particle accelerators .

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Teplyakov ( Russian : Владимир Александрович Тепляков ) ( November 6 , 1925 - December 10 , 2009 ) was a Russian physicist who is best known for his work with particle accelerators .


From 1959 to 1966 he worked at Chelyabinsk-70 , where he studied high-current proton linear accelerators .

From 1959-1966 , he worked at Chelyabinsk-70 , where he kept up his study of high-current proton accelerators .


After the war , he graduated from the All-Union Correspondence Polytechnic Institute in Moscow and got a job at the Institute of Chemical Physics of the Soviet Academy of Sciences .

After the war ended , he went to and graduated from the All-Union Correspondence Polytechnic Institute in Moscow .


He , working with I.M. Kapchinsky , invented the principle of the Radio Frequency Quadrupole ( RFQ ) , which revolutionized the acceleration of low energy ion beams .

He , working with his friend I.M. Kapchinsky , created the Radio Frequency Quadrupole ( RFQ ) principle , which was very important dealing with the speed of low energy ion beams .


He was drafted into the Red Army in January 1943 to fight in the Second World War , serving as part of the 3rd Ukrainian Front , and participated in the Vienna Offensive .

He was made to join the Red Army in January 1943 and fought in the Second World War on the Ukrainian front .


V.A. Teplyakov was born in Tambov , Russian SFSR , USSR , on November 6 , 1925 .

Teplyakov was born in the USSR on November 6 , 1925 .


Backpacking is a form of low-cost , independent international travel .

Backpacking is a form of low-cost and basically independent travel .


Saxony is divided into 10 districts : 1 .

Saxony is divided into 3 administrative districts ( Chemnitz , Dresden and Leipzig ) .


These lands became the Prussian province of Saxony , incorporated today in Saxony-Anhalt .

In the north of Saxony is Brandenburg , another German state .


Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine that uses volatile plant materials , known as essential oils , and other aromatic compounds for the purpose of altering a person 's mind , mood , cognitive function or health .

Aromatherapy is a type of alternative medicine that uses the part of plants known as essential oils .


Boult was followed in 1932 by Reginald Jacques , who had been a pupil of Hugh Allen at Oxford .

Boult was replaced by Reginald Jacques ( pronounced : `` Jakes '' ) , who had been a pupil of Hugh Allen at Oxford .


Founded in 1876 to give the first performance of J. S. Bach 's Mass in B minor in Britain , The Bach Choir has long been established as one of the world 's leading choirs .

The Bach Choir gave its first concert on 26 April 1876 with a performance of Bach 's Mass in B minor .


From the beginning there had been a connection with royalty and Queen Victoria became patron in 1879 .

Queen Victoria became Patron of the choir in 1879 .


In addition to his Bach Choir appointment , he is also chief conductor of the BBC Singers .

As well as spending much of his time with The Bach Choir , he is also conductor of the BBC Singers .


The Bach Choir is a large independent musical organization based in London , UK , with around 220 active members .

The Bach Choir is a world-famous amateur choir based in London .


Goldschmidt resigned in 1885 to be replaced by Stanford , organist of Trinity College , Cambridge and conductor of the Cambridge University Musical Society , who had recently been appointed professor of composition at the Royal College of Music .

Stanford had already become well known as organist of Trinity College , Cambridge and conductor of the Cambridge University Musical Society .


Allen inherited a choir that included Ralph Vaughan Williams and later Adrian Boult among the singing members .

Hugh Allen found himself conducting a choir which included the young Ralph Vaughan Williams , who had joined in 1903 and Adrian Boult , who joined around 1914 .


Money magazine in 2006 also ranked Greenwich # 1 in the `` Biggest Earner '' category .

Money magazine also ranked Greenwich # 1 in the `` Biggest Earner '' category .


One of the founders was Elizabeth Fones Winthrop , daughter-in-law of John Winthrop , founder and Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony .

One of the founders was Elizabeth Fones Winthrop , daughter-in-law of John Winthrop .


Greenwich \ / ˈɡrɛnɨtʃ \ / is a town in Fairfield County , Connecticut , United States .

Greenwich is a town in Fairfield County , Connecticut , United States .


Greenwich is the southernmost and westernmost municipality in Connecticut and is 38 + minutes by train ( express ) from Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan .

Greenwich is the southernmost and westernmost town in Connecticut .


As of the 2010 census , the town had a total population of 61,171 .

As of the 2010 census , the town had 61,171 people .


The town is named after Greenwich , a borough of London in the United Kingdom .

The town is named after Greenwich , England .


In July 2005 , CNN\/Money and Money magazine ranked Greenwich 1st on its list of the 100 Best Places to Live in the United States .

In July 2005 , CNN\/Money and Money magazine listed Greenwich 4th on its list of the 100 Best Places to Live in the United States .


Greenwich was declared a township by the General Assembly in Hartford on May 11 , 1665 .

Greenwich was officially made a town on May 11 , 1665 .


Island Beach or `` Little Captain Island '' once was the venue for the town 's annual Island Beach Day .

The town has four beaches on Long Island Sound : Greenwich Point , Byram Beach , Island Beach ( Little Captain 's Island ) , and Great Captain Island .


Coordinates : 45 ° 4 ′ 14 ″ N 7 ° 41 ′ 16 ″ E \ / 45.07056 ° N 7.68778 ° E \ / 45.07056 ; 7.68778 The Teatro Regio ( ` Royal Theatre ' ) is a prominent opera house and opera company in Turin , Italy .

Coordinates : 45 ° 4 ′ 14 ″ N 7 ° 41 ′ 16 ″ E \ / 45.07056 ° N 7.68778 ° E \ / 45.07056 ; 7.68778 The Teatro Regio ( ` Royal Theatre ' ) is a well-known opera house and opera company in Turin , Italy .


Arturo Toscanini was the conductor of the Turin Opera from 1895 to 1898 , during which time several production of works of Wagner were given Italian premieres .

Arturo Toscanini was the conductor of the Turin Opera from 1895 to 1898 , during which time several production of works of Wagner were given their first Italian performances .


Other theaters were built and presented seasons of opera in Turin .

Other theaters were built and gave seasons of opera in Turin .


With the French occupation of Turin during the Napoleonic War the theater was renamed the Teatro Nazionale and finally , after Napoleon 's ascent to Emperor , renamed again as the Teatro Imperiale .

With the French occupation of Turin during the Napoleonic War the theater was renamed the Teatro Nazionale and finally , after Napoleon became emperor , renamed again as the Teatro Imperiale .


The rebuilt theater , with its striking contemporary interior design but hidden behind the original facade , was inaugurated on 10 April 1973 with a production of Verdi 's I Vespri Siciliani directed by Maria Callas and Giuseppe Di Stefano .

The opera house was rebuilt an opened in 10 April 1973 with a production of Verdi 's I Vespri Siciliani directed by Maria Callas and Giuseppe Di Stefano .


It too was acquired by the municipality in 1932 and , after the destruction by fire of the Teatro Regio in 1936 , the Carignano was to serve as the main venue for opera in the city until the Regio reopened in 1973 .

It was taken over by the municipality in 1932 and , after the destruction by fire of the Teatro Regio in 1936 , the Carignano was the main opera house in the city until the Regio reopened in 1973 .


However , the theater was closed on royal order in 1792 and it became a warehouse .

In 1792 it was closed and became a warehouse .


The new house seats 1,750 and is elliptical in shape with a large orchestra level and 37 boxes around its perimeter .

The new house , which uses the original frontage , seats 1,750 and is elliptical in shape with a large orchestra level and 37 boxes .


Work was completed in 1905 but the theater closed during the First World War and re-opened in 1919 .

The Regio was rebuilt in 1905 but the theater closed during the First World War and re-opened in 1919 .


The thesis was proposed by Jim O'Neill , global economist at Goldman Sachs .

The acronym was invented by Jim O'Neill , an economist who worked for Goldman Sachs .


The acronym was coined by Jim O'Neill in a 2001 paper entitled `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' .

In 2001 , he wrote an article that he called `` Building Better Global Economic BRICs '' .


It is typically rendered as `` the BRICs '' or `` the BRIC countries '' or `` the BRIC economies '' or alternatively as the `` Big Four '' .

When people write about these countries , they usually write `` BRICs '' or the `` BRIC countries '' .


Cha Tae-hyun ( born March 25 , 1976 ) is a South Korean actor and singer .


Cha Tae-hyun started his career as a silver medalist in a 1995 KBS Talent Contest .

His start was in the KBS Talent Contest .


The common chimpanzee lives in groups which range in size from 15 to 150 members , although individuals travel and forage in much smaller groups during the day .

The common chimpanzee lives in groups which range from 15 to 150 members , although individuals travel and forage in much smaller groups during the day .


It is considered more robust than the bonobo , weighing between 40 and 65 kg ( 88 and 143 lb ) and measuring approximately 1.3 to 1.6 m ( 4 ft 3 in to 5 ft 3 in ) from head to tail .

The common chimpanzee is more robust than the bonobo , weighing between 40 and 65 kg ( 88 and 143 lb ) and measuring approximately 1.3 to 1.6 m ( 4 ft 3 in to 5 ft 3 in ) from head to tail .


The species lives in a male-dominated , strict hierarchy , which means disputes can generally be settled without the need for violence .

The species lives in a male-dominated , strict hierarchy , so disputes can generally be settled without the need for violence .


The common chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ) , also known as the robust chimpanzee , is a species of great ape .

The common chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ) , or robust chimpanzee , is a species of great ape .


Colloquially , the common chimpanzee is often called the chimpanzee ( or `` chimp '' ) , though this term can be used to refer to both species in the genus Pan : the common chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo , formerly called the pygmy chimpanzee .

The common chimpanzee is often called the chimpanzee ( or `` chimp '' ) , though this can be used to refer to both species in the genus Pan : the common chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo .


Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing show both species of chimpanzees are the sister group to the modern human lineage .

Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing show both species of chimpanzees are the closest living relatives to modern humans .


Formed in 1918 immediately after World War I as the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes by union of the State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs and the Kingdom of Serbia .

From 1918 until 1928 it was called the Kingdom of the Serbs , Croats , and Slovenes .


Various dates are considered the end of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia : As the Yugoslav Wars raged through Croatia and Bosnia , the republics of Serbia and Montenegro , which remained relatively untouched by the war , formed a rump state known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( FRY ) in 1992 .

In 1992 , they formed a new Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( FRY ) .


The constituent six Socialist Republics and two Socialist Autonomous Provinces that made up the country were SR Bosnia and Herzegovina , SR Croatia , SR Macedonia , SR Montenegro , SR Slovenia , and SR Serbia ( including the autonomous provinces of Vojvodina and Kosovo , which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation ) .

After the WW 2 it was renamed to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia with six republics , 2 autonomous provinces : Bosnia-Herzegovina , Croatia , Macedonia , Montenegro , Serbia and Slovenia and two autonomous provinces in Serbia : Vojvodina in the north , and Kosovo , next to Albania .


Bank and Monument are interlinked London Underground and Docklands Light Railway stations that form a public transport complex spanning the length of King William Street in the City of London .

The complex spans the length of King William Street in the City of London .


It ran from October 1 , 2009 , including four games in Europe on October 2 and 3-until April 11 , 2010 , with the 2010 Stanley Cup playoffs , all the way up to early June 2010 .

It ran from October 1 , 2009 , including four games in Europe on October 2 and 3-until April 11 , 2010 , with the 2010 Stanley Cup playoffs currently being played , all the way up to early June 2010 .


The 2009-10 NHL season was the 93rd season of operation ( 92nd season of play ) of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) , and the 100th season since the founding of the predecessor National Hockey Association ( NHA ) .

The 2009-10 NHL season was the 92nd season of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) and the 100th season since the founding of the predecessor National Hockey Association ( NHA ) .


GP = Games Played , W = Wins , L = Losses , OTL = Overtime\/Shootout Losses , GF = Goals For , GA = Goals Against , Pts = Points bold - Qualified for playoffs ; y - Won division p - Won Presidents ' Trophy ( and division ) bold - Qualified for playoffs ; y - Won division ; p - Won Presidents ' Trophy ( and division ) AT - Atlantic Division , NE - Northeast Division , SE - Southeast Division bold - Qualified for playoffs ; y - Won division ; z - Won conference ( and division ) If two or more clubs are tied in points during the regular season , the ranking of the clubs is determined in the following order :

GP - Games Played W - Wins L - Losses OTL - OT\/Shootout Losses GF - Goals For GA - Goals Against PTS - Points \* - Division Leader x - Clinched Playoff spot y - Clinched Division z - Clinched Conference p - Clinched Presidents ' Trophy e - Eliminated from Playoff Contention GP - Games Played W - Wins L - Losses OTL - OT\/Shootout Losses GF - Goals For GA - Goals Against PTS - Points \* - Division Leader x - Clinched Playoff spot y - Clinched Division z - Clinched Conference p - Clinched Presidents ' Trophy e - Eliminated from Playoff Contention GP - Games Played W - Wins L - Losses OTL - OT\/Shootout Losses GF - Goals For GA - Goals Against PTS - Points \* - Division Leader x - Clinched Playoff spot y - Clinched Division z - Clinched Conference p - Clinched Presidents ' Trophy e - Eliminated from Playoff Contention Teams are ranked ( ordered by how many games they won ) at the end of the regular season .


The ward refers to itself in English as Chūō City .

The municipality calls itself `` Chūō City '' in English .


Chūō is physically the second-smallest ward in Tokyo , with a total area of just 10.15 km ² ; only Taitō is smaller .

In area , Chūō is the second-smallest ward in Tokyo .


Its name is a reference to the Iranian government 's repeated attempts to jam foreign satellite programming .

Its name comes from the Iranian government 's repeated tries to jam foreign satellite programming .


However , as of January 2011 , the show 's YouTube channel is viewed 45,000 times a week , while their Facebook page is visited 17 million times a month .

However since January 2011 , the show 's YouTube channel is watched 45,000 times a week and its Facebook page is visited 17 million times a month .


Parazit ( Persian : پارازیت , pārāzit , meaning `` static '' ) was a weekly half-hour Persian-language satirical television show broadcast on Voice of America 's Persian service .

Parazit ( Persian : پارازیت , pārāzit , meaning `` static '' ) was a weekly half-hour Persian language satirical television show on Voice of America 's Persian service .


Kambiz Hosseini and Saman Arbabi , Iranian expatriates living in Washington , DC , started the show as a 10-minute segment in another show influenced by the American satirical news show The Daily Show .

Kambiz Hosseini and Saman Arbabi started the show as a 10-minute show .


Parazit was launched before the June 2009 presidential elections in Iran .

Parazit was started before the June 2009 presidential elections in Iran .


Because it is distributed through unofficial channels , it is impossible to determine the audience .

Because it is shown through unofficial channels , it is impossible to say how many people have seen it .


Venda , also known as Tshivenḓa or Luvenḓa , is a Bantu language and an official language of South Africa .

Venda , also called Tshivenḓa or Luvenḓa , is a Bantu language and an official language of South Africa .


The letters C , J and Q are used only in quoting foreign words and names .

The letters C , J , and Q are used when writing foreign words and names .


During the Apartheid era of South Africa , the bantustan of Venda was set up to cover the Venda speakers of South Africa .

During the Apartheid era of South Africa , Venda speakers lived in the bantustan of Venda .


The majority of Venda speakers live in the northern part of South Africa 's Limpopo Province , but about 10 % of its speakers live in Zimbabwe .

Most Venda speakers live in South Africa , but some speakers live in Zimbabwe .


The Venda language is related to Kalanga ( Western Shona , different from Shona , official language of Zimbabwe ) which is spoken in Botswana and Zimbabwe .

The Venda language is very similar to the Kalanga language , which is spoken in Botswana and Zimbabwe .


There are only a handful of tone patterns in Venda words-no tone , a single high tone on some syllable , two non-adjacent high tones-which behave as follows : The extra letters have the following Unicode names

The extra letters have these Unicode names


The Venda language uses the Latin alphabet with five additional accented letters-there are four dental consonants with circumflex below the letter ( ḓ , ḽ , ṋ , ṱ ) and an overdot for velar ṅ .

The Venda language uses the Latin alphabet .


He was part of the Feyenoord squad that won the 2001-02 UEFA Cup .

He was part of the Feyenoord team that won the 2001-02 UEFA Cup .


In his first two seasons at Feyenoord he played 44 matches and scored four goals .

In his first two seasons at Feyenoord he played 44 matches and scored four goals , but mainly he gave assists for his team mates to score .


2011 he went from NAC Breda to FC Red Bull Salzburg on loan .

He plays as a striker for FC Red Bull Salzburg on loan from NAC Breda .


Leonardo Vitor Santiago ( born 9 March 1983 ) , commonly known as Leonardo , is a Brazilian footballer currently playing for Hungarian side Ferencváros .

Leonardo Vitor Santiago ( born 9 March 1983 ) is a Brazilian footballer .


Leonardo started at the Nova Safra football school in Rio de Janeiro and was raised in the Jacarezinho neighborhood , which is also the area where Romário spent his early years .

He started at the Nova Safra football school in Rio de Janeiro .


He scored his first goal in the match versus SC Heerenveen , which ended in 2-0 .

He scored his first goal for the first team versus SC Heerenveen .


He felt his final breakthrough in Rotterdam would never happen and he decided to leave the club and join NAC Breda in January 2006 on a 1.5-year deal .


Following the attention it brought him he moved to Rotterdam to play in Feyenoord 's youth squads at Varkenoord .

His talent was discovered when he was 11 years old and he went to Europe and played in Feyenoord Rotterdams youth squads at Varkenoord He made his debut on August 19 , 2000 in a 2-0 victory over AZ Almaar at the age of 17 .


King San sent messengers to the Song Dynasty at least twice in 421 and 425 .

King San sent messengers to the Song Dynasty at least twice in 421 and 425 ; and this historical person was succeeded by his younger brother .


According to Nihonshoki and Kojiki , Richū was the eldest son of Emperor Nintoku and Iwanohime .

According to Nihonshoki and Kojiki , he was the first son of Emperor Nintoku .


-571 AD ) , the 29th emperor , is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates ; however , the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as `` traditional '' until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737-806 ) , the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty .

The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as `` traditional '' until the reign of Emperor Kammu , who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty .


None of his sons succeeded to the throne , although two grandsons would eventually ascend as Emperor Kenzō and as Emperor Ninken .

Two of Richū 's grandsons would attain the throne as Emperor Kenzō and as Emperor Ninken .


No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign , but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 400 to 405 .

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign .


Prince Semien Fielder ( born May 9 , 1984 ) is an American professional baseball player for the Texas Rangers of Major League Baseball .

Prince Semien Fielder ( born May 9 , 1984 in Ontario , California ) is an American Major League Baseball player .


Fielder was again called up to the Majors on August 17 , 2005 , and went on to finish the season with the Brewers , where he was used as a pinch-hitter .

He was sent back down but was called up again on August 17 , 2005 where he finished the season with the Brewers and was used as a pinch-hitter .


He has also played for the Milwaukee Brewers and Detroit Tigers .

He currently plays for the Detroit Tigers .


Fielder is a 3-time All Star and is also one of 26 players in the 50 home run club .


Prince Carl Philip , Duke of Värmland ( Carl Philip Edmund Bertil ; born 13 May 1979 ) , is the only son and the second of three children of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden .

Prince Carl Philip of Sweden ( Carl Philip Edmund Bertil ) , born May 13 , 1979 , Duke of Värmland , is the second child of three children and only son of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden .


The Duke was christened at the Royal Palace Church on 31 August 1979 .

He was christened at The Royal Palace Church on 31 August 1979 .


As of 2013 ( update ) , Prince Carl Philip is third in the line of succession , after his older sister , Crown Princess Victoria , and his niece and goddaughter Princess Estelle .

Since then , Prince Carl Philip has been second in the line of succession , after his elder sister , Crown Princess Victoria .


The high jump is a track and field event in which competitors must jump over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without the aid of certain devices .

High jump is a track and field athletics event in which athletes jump over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without the aid of any devices .


Javier Sotomayor ( Cuba ) is the current men 's record holder with a jump of 2.45 m ( 8 ft 01⁄4 in ) set in 1993 , the longest standing record in the history of the men 's high jump .

The men 's world record of 2.45 metres was set in 1993 by Javier Sotomayor ( Cuba ) .


The first recorded high jump event took place in Scotland in the 19th century .

The high jump was first practiced in England in the 19th century .


Stefka Kostadinova ( Bulgaria ) has held the women 's world record at 2.09 m ( 6 ft 101⁄4 in ) since 1987 , also the longest-held record in the event .

The women 's world record of 2.09 metres is held by Stefka Kostadinova .


He died on December 15 , 1966 , from lung cancer in Burbank , California .

He died on December 15 , 1966 from lung cancer in Burbank , California .


With the d'Isigny name anglicized as `` Disney '' , the family settled in a village now known as Norton Disney , south of the city of Lincoln , in the county of Lincolnshire .

The d'Isigny name was anglicized as `` Disney '' and the family settled in a village now known as Norton Disney , south of the city of Lincoln , in the county of Lincolnshire .


As an animator and entrepreneur , Disney was particularly noted as a film producer and a popular showman , as well as an innovator in animation and theme park design .

As an extraordinary animator and entrepreneur , Disney was well-known as a film producer and a showman , as well as an innovator in animation and theme park design .


Disney also won seven Emmy Awards and gave his name to the Disneyland and Walt Disney World Resort theme parks in the U.S. , as well as the international resorts like Tokyo Disney Resort , Disneyland Paris , and Hong Kong Disneyland .

He gave his name to the Disneyland , and Walt Disney World Resort theme parks in the United States , as well as international resorts like Tokyo Disney Resort , Disneyland Paris , and Hong Kong Disneyland .


During his lifetime he received four honorary Academy Awards and won 22 Academy Awards from a total of 59 nominations , including a record four in one year , giving him more awards and nominations than any other individual in history .

He received four honorary Academy Awards and won 22 Academy Awards from a total of 59 nominations , including a record four in one year .


A major figure within the American animation industry and throughout the world , he is regarded as an international icon , well known for his influence and contributions to the field of entertainment during the 20th century .

He is well known for his influence and contributions to the field of entertainment during the 20th century .


He and his staff created some of the world 's most well-known fictional characters including Mickey Mouse , for whom Disney himself provided the original voice .

He and his staff created some of the world 's most well-known fictional characters including Mickey Mouse .


His brother , Roy Disney , inaugurated the Magic Kingdom on October 1 , 1971 .

His brother Roy Disney inaugurated the Magic Kingdom in 1971 .


The corporation is now known as The Walt Disney Company and had an annual revenue of approximately US$ 45 billion in the 2013 financial year .

The corporation is now known as The Walt Disney Company .


Walter Elias `` Walt '' Disney ( \ / ˈdɪzni \ / ; December 5 , 1901 - December 15 , 1966 ) was an American business magnate , animator , cartoonist , producer , director , screenwriter , philanthropist and voice actor .

Walter Elias Disney ( December 5 , 1901 - December 15 , 1966 ) was an American business magnate , animator , cartoonist , producer , screenwriter , entrepreneur , and voice actor .


Disney was born on December 5 , 1901 , at 2156 N. Tripp Avenue in Chicago 's Hermosa community area to Irish-Canadian father Elias Disney and Flora Call Disney , who was of German and English descent .

Disney was born on December 5 , 1901 at the address of 2156 North Tripp Avenue in Hermosa , Chicago , Illinois .


A long-standing urban legend maintains that Disney was cryonically frozen , and that his frozen corpse was stored beneath the Pirates of the Caribbean ride at Disneyland , but Disney 's remains were cremated on December 17 , 1966 , and his ashes interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale , California .

After Disney 's death , many rumors were spreading that Disney 's body was not cremated , but it was cryonically frozen , and that his frozen corpse was stored beneath the Pirates of the Caribbean ride at Disneyland .


As a Hollywood business mogul , he , along with his brother Roy O. Disney , co-founded Walt Disney Productions , which later became one of the best-known motion picture production companies in the world .

Along with his brother Roy Disney , he was the founder of Walt Disney Productions .


FIFA , also known as FIFA Football or FIFA Soccer , is a series of association football video games or football simulator , released annually by Electronic Arts under the EA Sports label .

FIFA , also known as FIFA Football or FIFA Soccer , is a series of association football video games , released yearly by Electronic Arts .


The series has sold more than 100 million copies worldwide , making it one of the best-selling video game franchises .

The series has sold more than 100 million copies .


Some states require that schools conduct a fire drill once per month : Some states require that schools conduct a specific number of drills over the course of the entire school year , or that a certain number of drills must be conducted within a certain period of time : Some states specify a greater frequency of fire drills at the beginning of the school year : Until regulations changed on November 1 , 2010 , New Jersey was unique in its requirement that schools conduct two fire drills per month .

For example , in many states , schools must have one fire drill per month .


The site was dated through radiocarbon dating to be at 61,000 BP and 110,000 BP through amino acid racemization .

The place was dated through radiocarbon dating to be at 61,000 BP and 110,000 BP through amino acid racemization .


Fire was used to heat treat silcrete stones to increase their workability before they were knapped into tools by Stillbay culture .

Fire was used to heat silcrete stones to increase their works before they were knapped into tools by Stillbay culture .


Burnt stones are also found in the Awash Valley , but volcanic welded tuff is also found in the area .

There are also burnt stones in the `` Awash Valley '' , but volcanic welded tuff is also in the area .


This research identifies this not only with Stillbay sites that date back to 72,000 BP but sites that could be as old as 164,000 BP .

This clue shows this not only with Stillbay sites that date back to 72,000 BP but sites that could be as old as 164,000 BP .


Several burnt bones were found among Acheulean tools , bone tools , and bones with hominid-inflicted cut marks .

Many burnt bones were found among Acheulean tools , bone tools , and bones with cut marks that were made by hominids .


The earliest definitive evidence of human control of fire was found at Swartkrans , South Africa .

The earliest certain evidence of human control of fire was found at Swartkrans , South Africa .


Evidence for the controlled use of fire by Homo erectus beginning some 400,000 years ago has wide scholarly support , with claims regarding earlier evidence finding increasing scientific support .

Evidence for the use of fire by Homo erectus beginning some 400,000 years ago has wide scholarly support .


The strongest evidence comes from Kalambo Falls in Zambia where several artifacts related to the use of fire by humans had been recovered including charred logs , charcoal , reddened areas , carbonized grass stems and plants , and wooden implements which may have been hardened by fire .

The most powerful evidence comes from Kalambo Falls in Zambia where many things related to the use of fire by humans had been found , like charred wood , charcoal , reddened areas , carbonized grass stems and plants , and wooden implements which may have been hardened by fire .


Making fire also allowed the expansion of human activity into the dark and colder hours of the night , and provided protection from predators and insects .

Making fire also allowed activity into the dark , and gave some protection from predators and insects .


East African sites , such as Chesowanja near Lake Baringo , Koobi Fora , and Olorgesailie in Kenya , show some possible evidence that fire was utilized by early humans .

The earliest evidence of humans using fire comes from many archaeological sites in East Africa , like Chesowanja near Lake Baringo , Koobi Fora , and Olorgesailie in Kenya .


In Gadeb , Ethiopia , fragments of welded tuff that appeared to have been burned were found in Locality 8E , but re-firing of the rocks might have occurred due to local volcanic activity .

In Gadeb , Ethiopia , fragments of welded tuff that seemed to have been burned were found in Locality 8E , but re-firing of the rocks may have happened because of volcanoes erupting nearby .


Some microscopic charcoal was found , but it could have resulted from a natural brush fire .

Some very tiny charcoal was found , but it could have come from a natural brush fire .


The control of fire by early humans was a turning point in the cultural aspect of human evolution that allowed humans to cook food and obtain warmth and protection .

It allowed humans to cook food and get warmth and protection .


In the Middle Awash River Valley , cone-shaped depressions of reddish clay were found that could be made by temperatures of 200 ° C . These features are thought to be burned tree stumps such that they would have fire away from their habitation site .


Reheating these sherds show that the clay must have been heated to 400 ° C ( 752 ° F ) to harden .

Scientists reheated some of the shards at the site , and found that the clay must have been heated to 400 ° C to harden .


This site also shows some of the earliest evidence of carnivory in H. erectus .

This site also shows some of the earliest evidence of H. erectus eating meat .


These have been found amongst H. erectus-produced Acheulean artifacts .

These have been found among Acheulean artifacts made by H. erectus .


At Chesowanja , archaeologists found red clay sherds dated to be 1.42 Mya .

The evidence at Chesowanja is red clay shards that scientists are 1.42 million years old .


Toothpaste , which often contains fluoride , is commonly used in conjunction with a toothbrush to increase the effectiveness of tooth brushing .

Toothpaste , which often contains fluoride , is commonly added to a toothbrush to help clean the teeth .


Currently , the maximum for fully anchored chronologies is a little over 11,000 years from present .

The maximum for `` fully anchored chronologies '' is a little over 11,000 years from present .


Missing rings are rare in oak and elm trees-the only recorded instance of a missing ring in oak trees occurred in the year 1816 , also known as the Year Without a Summer .

Missing rings are rare in oak and elm trees : the only recorded instance of a missing ring in oak trees occurred in the year 1816 , also known as the Year Without a Summer .


For the entire period of a tree 's life , a year-by-year record or ring pattern is formed that reflects the climatic conditions in which the tree grew .

Through a tree 's life , a year-by-year ring pattern is formed which reflects the climatic conditions in which the tree grew .


Dendrochronology was developed during the first half of the 20th century originally by the astronomer A. E. Douglass , the founder of the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research at the University of Arizona .

Dendrochronology ( word derived from Greek δένδρον , dendron , `` tree limb '' ; χρόνος , khronos , `` time '' ; and - λογία , - logia ) was developed during the first half of the 20th century originally by the astronomer A.E. Douglass , the founder of the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research at the University of Arizona .


In some areas of the world , it is possible to date wood back a few thousand years , or even many thousands .

Dendrochronology has three main uses : In some parts of the world , it is possible to date wood back a few thousand years , or even many thousands .


Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed , in many types of wood , to the exact calendar year .

In many types of wood , the time rings were formed can be dated to the exact calendar year .


Dendrochronology ( from δένδρον , dendron , `` tree limb '' ; χρόνος , khronos , `` time '' ; and - λογία , - logia ) or tree-ring dating , is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings , also known as growth rings .

It is a method of dating which uses the patterns of growth rings in trees .


Douglass sought to better understand cycles of sunspot activity and reasoned that changes in solar activity would affect climate patterns on earth which would subsequently be recorded by tree-ring growth patterns ( i.e. , sunspots → climate → tree rings ) .

The climate would be recorded by tree-ring growth patterns .


Francesco Maria Piave ( born 18 May 1810 - died 5 March 1876 ) was an Italian opera librettist who was born in Murano in the lagoon of Venice , during the brief Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy .

Francesco Maria Piave ( 18 May 1810 - 5 March 1876 ) was an Italian writer .


Later , Verdi was help in securing him the same position at La Scala in Milan .

Later ( 1859 ) , he worked as a stage director at La Scala in Milan .


Piave became `` someone Verdi loved '' .

Piave and Verdi became very good friends , For twenty years , they wrote many letters to each other .


Cockburn Town is located on the largest island in the Turks Islands archipelago , Grand Turk Island .

Cockburn Town is in the Grand Turk Island , the largest island in the Turks Islands archipelago .