Over many centuries , the bones of animals that were trapped in the tar were preserved .

Over many centuries , animals that came to drink the water fell in , sank in the tar , and were preserved as bones .


The Allmusic review of My Kind of Evil , by Chris Nickson , states that `` He 's very good on covers , such as `` I Do n't Know , '' but his own songs - the vast majority of this disc - have plenty of life . ''

The Allmusic review of My Kind of Evil , by Chris Nickson , states that `` He 's very good on covers , such as `` I Do n't Know '' , but his own songs - the vast majority of this disc - have plenty of life . ''


He still records for CrossCut Records in Europe , and has previously worked with Ruf Records in the USA .

He still records for CrossCut Records in Europe , and has previously worked with Ruf Records in United States .


In the last decade , he has released seven albums and played in 19 countries , four continents , and continues to tour extensively .

In the last decade , he has released seven albums and played in 19 countries , four continents .


The Canadian national newspaper Globe and Mail referred to Jones as `` one of this country 's top blues guitar stars '' .

The Globe and Mail referred to Jones as `` one of this country 's top blues guitar stars '' .


Jones was the first artist signed to the NorthernBlues Music label in Toronto , Canada , and released his first six recordings with the label .

Jones was the first artist signed to the NorthernBlues Music label in Toronto .


Jones , who lives in Ottawa , Ontario , has performed at blues festivals , theaters and clubs in Canada , the USA , Europe , Russia , Australia , and Brazil .

He has performed at blues festivals , theaters and clubs in Canada , the United States , Europe , Russia , Australia , and Brazil .


Songs from the album have been played internationally syndicated House of Blues Radio Hour .

Songs from the album have been played on House of Blues Radio Hour .


JW-Jones ( born July 15 , 1980 , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada ) is a Canadian blues guitarist , singer , songwriter , and band leader .

JW-Jones ( born July 15 , 1980 in Ottawa ) is a Canadian blues guitarist , singer and songwriter .


2 , among B.B. King , Jimmy Page , Jeff Beck , and Carlos Santana .

Other artists on the CD were B. B. King , Jimmy Page , Jeff Beck , and Carlos Santana .


His third album with his band , My Kind Of Evil ( 2004 ) , was produced by multi-Grammy nominee Kim Wilson ( singer for The Fabulous Thunderbirds ) , and includes vocals from Canadian singer\/guitarist Colin James on two tracks , and Roxanne Potvin on one .

Jones ' third album with his band , My Kind Of Evil ( 2004 ) , was produced by Kim Wilson ( singer for The Fabulous Thunderbirds ) .


The US Blues Revue Magazine stated that `` Jones ' style is a fluid amalgam of T-Bone Walker 's big , bright chords , Johnny `` Guitar '' Watson 's slashing leads , and Clarence `` Gatemouth '' Brown 's jazzy sting '' .

The Blues Revue Magazine stated that Jones ' guitar playing is like T-Bone Walker 's guitar playing .


p17p292\/3 The message conveyed was clear : the loss at Carrhae was not due to the failings of the empire 's soldiers , but due to the failings of their commander , and Galerius ' failures would not be accepted .


Narseh 's wife would live out the remainder of the war in Daphne , a suburb of Antioch , serving as a constant reminder to the Persians of the Roman victory .

p18 Narseh 's wife would live out the remainder of the war in Daphne , a suburb of Antioch , serving to the Persians as a constant reminder of Roman victory .


He moved down the Tigris , taking Ctesiphon , and gazing onwards to the ruins of Babylon before returning to Roman territory via the Euphrates .

He moved down the Tigris , taking Ctesiphon , and looking at the ruins of Babylon , before returning to Roman territory via the Euphrates .


Diocletian may or may not have been present at the battle , but would present himself soon afterwards at Antioch , where the official version of events was made clear : Galerius was to take all the blame for the affair .

Diocletian came to Antioch , where the official version of events was made clear : Galerius was to take all the blame .


Galerius ( Latin : Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus Augustus ; c. 260 - April or May 311 ) , was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311 .

Galerius ( Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus , ~ 260 - 5 May 311 ) , was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311 .


During the second encounter , the Battle of Satala in 298 , Roman forces seized Narseh 's camp , his treasury , his harem , and his wife .

p18p293 During the second encounter , Roman forces seized Narseh 's camp , his treasury , his harem , and his wife along with it .


Hank suffers from a fictional genetic disorder called Diminished Gluteal Syndrome ( DGS ) .

He suffers from Diminished Gluteal Syndrome ( DGS ) which is a fictional genetic disorder .


Hank is a known workaholic who `` sells propane and propane accessories '' as an assistant manager at the fictional Strickland Propane , a local propane dealership .

He works at Strickland Propane and sells propane and propane accessories .


The Economist named Hank Hill as one of the wisest people on television .

He was named one of the wisest people on television by The Economist .


Hank Rutherford Hill is a fictional character and the main protagonist on the animated television series King of the Hill .

Henry `` Hank '' Rutherford Hill ( born March 19 , 1961 in The Bronx , New York ) is a fictional character in the television series , King of the Hill .


After she reached the pinnacle of her profession , `` That 's when I started getting nervous ... that 's when I started putting a lot of pressure on myself . ''

After she reached the very top of her profession , `` That 's when I started getting nervous ... that 's when I started putting a lot of pressure on myself '' .


Balukas explains that `` It was n't the $ 200 ... ( Women ) pool players , who were ranked three and six and five , were the ones who decided I should be fined .

Balukas explained that `` It was n't the $ 200 ... ( Women ) pool players , who were ranked three and six and five , were the ones who decided I should be fined .


In 1975 , when she was 15-years old , Balukas was already described as the `` best female pool player in the world '' .

In 1975 , when she was fifteen years old , Balukas was already described as the `` best female pool player in the world '' .


Upon her first win in that tournament held at a convention hall in Asbury Park , New Jersey on August 14 , 1977 , she was described as `` the 18-year-old prodigy from Brooklyn . ''

At her first win in that tournament , held at a convention hall in Asbury Park , New Jersey on August 14 , 1977 , she was described as `` the 18-year-old prodigy from Brooklyn '' .


Balukas was initially entered in both the men 's and women 's divisions of the 1987 B.C. Classic , a nine-ball competition .

Balukas was entered in both the men 's and women 's divisions of the 1987 B.C. Classic , a nine-ball competition .


I felt it should have been done by an outside panel , not by my competitors . ''

I felt it should have been done by an outside panel , not by my competitors '' .


The women held a vote as to whether Balukas should be allowed to play .

The women held a vote on whether Balukas should be allowed to play .


`` Just because she was our premier player does n't mean she was above the rules , '' said Vicki Paski in 1992 , then president of the WPBA .

`` Just because she was our premier player does not mean she was above the rules '' , said Vicki Paski in 1992 , then president of the WPBA .


According to an interview with Balukas appearing in New York Woman magazine in 1991 , Balukas 's exact words were `` Some world championship ... beat me with skill , not luck . ''

According to an interview with Balukas by New York Woman magazine in 1991 , Balukas 's exact words were `` Some world championship ... beat me with skill , not luck '' .


She was described by a reporter present as `` a little girl with honey-blond hair ... wearing a short yellow dress and green leotards ... who resembles a young Shirley Temple . ''

A reporter described her at the match as `` a little girl with honey-blond hair ... wearing a short yellow dress and green leotards ... who resembles a young Shirley Temple '' .


From that early start , Balukas completely dominated women 's professional pool during the 1970s and 1980s .

From that early start , Balukas dominated women 's professional pool during the 1970s and 1980s .


If you 're feeling lucky , drop by her poolroom ... If you 're thirsty ... go elsewhere . ''

If you 're feeling lucky , drop by her poolroom ... If you 're thirsty ... go elsewhere '' .


Announcers had long since stopped calling Balukas `` the Little Princess , '' but presented her as `` the Queen '' .

Announcers had stopped calling Balukas `` the Little Princess '' , but introduced her to audiences as `` the Queen '' .


Balukas was the U.S Open 's youngest winner ever and by a large margin .

Balukas was the U.S Open 's youngest winner ever and by a large number of years .


After arriving , she discovered that for evening-scheduled matches she would be required to wear formal attire that she did not have with her .

After arriving , she found out that for the nighttime matches , she would be required to wear formal clothing .


In 1976 , then 17 , Balukas took her fifth consecutive U.S. Open title , beating Gloria Walker of Cheyney , Pennsylvania 75-46 in 39 innings , winning a $ 1,700 purse .

In 1976 , then 17 , Balukas took her fifth U.S. Open title in a row , beating Gloria Walker of Cheyney , Pennsylvania 75 to 46 in 39 innings and winning a $ 1,700 prize .


This was Balukas ' third straight U.S. Open title at the age of 15 .

This was Balukas 's third U.S. Open title in a row , at the young age of fifteen .


That was my excuse to finally say I need a break . ''

That was my excuse to finally say I need a break '' .


The WPBA 's board of directors thereafter sanctioned Balukas $ 200 for unsportsmanlike conduct .

The WPBA 's board of directors fined Balukas $ 200 for unsportsmanlike conduct .


She said , `` You know , you 're going to fine me ?


On August 6 , 1978 Balukas became the first woman to qualify to play in the men 's division of the World Open Pocket Billiards Championship ; a tournament with a 100-year history .

On August 6 , 1978 , Balukas became the first women to qualify to play in the men 's side of the World Open Pocket Billiards Championship .


Balukas has won numerous other titles including a string of six wins at the World Open Pocket Billiard Championships .

Balukas has won many other pool titles , including six at the World Open Pocket Billiard Championships .


Jean 's father , Albert Balukas , along with his partner , professional player Frank McGown , was the proprietor of a forty-eight-table pool hall called the Ovington Lounge in the Bay Ridge section of Brooklyn , New York .

Jean Balukas 's father , Albert Balukas , and his business partner , Frank McGown , owned a forty-eight-table pool hall , named the Ovington Lounge , in the Bay Ridge section of Brooklyn , New York .


With her parents ' permission , he brought along the 6-year-old Balukas , where she participated in the spectacle .

With her parents ' permission , he brought along the six-year-old Balukas .


Other competitors included , diver Micki King , tennis and golf pro Althea Gibson , Skier Kiki Cutter , sprinter Wyomia Tyus , and Tennis champ Martina Navratilova .

Other competitors included : diver Micki King ; tennis and golf pro Althea Gibson ; skier Kiki Cutter ; runner Wyomia Tyus ; and tennis champion Martina Navratilova .


In 1966 , McGown staged a billiards exhibition at New York City 's Grand Central Station .

In 1966 , McGown held a public billiards exhibition at New York City 's Grand Central Terminal .


In the 1974 U.S. Open held at the Sheraton Hotel in Chicago , Balukas defended her title , again beating out Harada but by a much closer , nailbiting 100-99 final score .

In the 1974 U.S. Open held at the Sheraton Hotel in Chicago , Balukas defended her title , again beating out Harada , but by a much closer score : 100 to 99 .


She later would play televised `` Battle of the Sexes '' matches with Rudolph Wanderone a\/k\/a Minnesota Fats in 1977 , Ray Martin in 1979 and with Steve Mizerak in 1986 .

She would later play `` Battle of the Sexes '' matches on television with Rudolph Wanderone ( also known as Minnesota Fats ) in 1977 , Ray Martin in 1979 , and with Steve Mizerak in 1986 .


Balukas was not just talented at pool but was an all-around good athlete .

Balukas was not only talented at pool but also good at other sports .


She roundly defeated her opponent in the finals , Madelyn Whitlow of Detroit , Michigan , with a score of 75-32 in 44 innings .

She also beat in the finals , Madelyn Whitlow of Detroit , Michigan , with a score of 75 to 32 in 44 innings ( turns at the table ) .


In 1969 , at 9 years of age , Balukas competed in her first Billiard Congress of America U.S. Open straight pool championship , taking 5th place among a field of adults .

In 1969 , at the age of nine , she competed in her first Billiard Congress of America U.S. Open Straight Pool Championship .


Jean Balukas ( born June 28 , 1959 ) is an American pool player from Brooklyn , New York , and ranks among the stellar players in the history of the sport .

Jean Balukas ( born June 28 , 1959 ) is an American pool player from Brooklyn , New York .


During 1980 , Balukas again competed in the Men 's division , in the World Open Pocket Billiards championship hosted at New York City 's Roosevelt Hotel .

During 1980 , Balukas again competed in the men 's side of the World Open Pocket Billiards championship .


By that time she had won the World Straight Pool Championship women 's division eight of the prior nine years , and over the same time period , every single women 's professional tournament in which she competed - 16 in all .

By that time she had won the World Straight Pool Championship women 's division eight of the last nine years .


For Balukas 's part , she returned to Bay Ridge , took over management of her family 's pool hall , Hall of Fame Billiards on Ovington Avenue in Brooklyn , and states that `` I 'm enjoying my life immensely ... I have moved on . ''

She took over management of her family 's pool hall , Hall of Fame Billiards on Ovington Avenue in Brooklyn .


In advertisements for the match , Balukas was billed as `` the Little Princess of Pocket Billiards . ''

In advertisements for the match , Balukas was described as `` the Little Princess of Pocket Billiards '' .


Bell , who was Balukas ' best friend on the women 's tour , had never beaten Balukas but had been playing very strongly in the tournament .

Bell was Balukas 's best friend on the women 's tour .


In 1975 , she again played the legendary Willie Mosconi on CBS ' `` Challenge of the Sexes '' in both eight-ball and nine-ball competition .

In 1975 , she again played Willie Mosconi on CBS 's Challenge of the Sexes , playing in games of eight-ball and nine-ball .


The men 's division , by contrast , had no similar dress code .

The men 's side had no similar dress code .


Soon after the dress code dust-up made headlines , a letter was sent to The New York Times by the Women 's Professional Billiard Association ( WPBA ) , by its president Belinda Bearden , disputing the facts as reported .

Soon after the dress code issue was reported on , the president of the Women 's Professional Billiard Association ( WPBA ) , Belinda Bearden , sent a letter to The New York Times .


Her ball average over the seven U.S. Opens was in a different class than her opponents .

Her ball average over the seven U.S. Opens was far better than was her opponents ' .


Earlier in the tournament she trounced Mieko Harada , a housewife from Kyoto , Japan , 75-1 in 20 innings and with a 25-ball high run .

Earlier in the tournament she beat Mieko Harada , a housewife from Kyoto , Japan .


At just 9 years old she placed 5th in the 1969 U.S. Open straight pool championship , and placed 4th and 3rd respectively in the following two U.S. Opens .

She was nine years old when she placed 5th in the 1969 U.S. Open Straight Pool Championship .


Despite their off-the-table friendship , following the match Bell made a formal complaint to the WPBA about the incident .

Despite Bell and Balukas 's friendship , after the match Bell made a formal complaint to the WPBA about the incident .


`` Playing against the men , I learned to lose , ... but ( losing ) hurt with the women because I was expected to win all the time . ''

`` Playing against the men , I learned to lose , ... but ( losing ) hurt with the women because I was expected to win all the time '' .


Balukas refused to relent and the WPBA refused to lift the sanction and would not allow Balukas to play again until she paid the fine .

They would not allow Balukas to play again until she paid .


On August 18 , 1972 at 13 years of age Balukas won the women 's division of the U.S. Open Straight Pool Championship , along the way defeating five-time champion Dorothy Wise and taking home a prize of $ 1,500 .

On August 18 , 1972 , when she was thirteen years old , Balukas won the women 's side of the U.S. Open Straight Pool Championship .


The close finale echoed the results seen in the men 's division , where Joe Balsis defeated Jim Rempe 200-199 for the men 's crown .

The close scores at the end of the match were similar to the results on the men 's side , where Joe Balsis defeated Jim Rempe 200 to 199 .


Balukas admits to having been under great pressure , much of it self-imposed .

Balukas also admits having been under great pressure , much of it that she placed on herself .


In 1988 , Balukas was playing against professional Robin Bell in a televised match of the Brunswick-sponsored World Open Nine-ball Championship held at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas , Nevada .

In 1988 , Balukas was playing another professional player named Robin Bell the Brunswick-sponsored World Open Nine-ball Championship .


Balukas 's introduction to play was at 4 years of age , not on one of her father 's tables but on a 4-1⁄2 by 9 foot pool table in the cellar of her childhood home , purchased by her parents to keep her four billiards-playing brothers out of local pool rooms .

Her first play was on a 4 1\/2 by 9 foot pool table in the basement of her childhood home .


Balukas finished in a tie for 9th place among many of the best players in the world .

Balukas finished the tournament by tying for 9th place .


She was defeated in the second round at the hands of Steve Mizerak with a score of 150-93 .

She was beaten in the second round by Steve Mizerak with a score of 150 to 93 .


In August 1987 , at the annual B.C. Classic hosted at a Holiday Inn in Binghamton , New York , Balukas was slated for competition in both divisions .

In August 1987 , at the yearly B.C. Classic held at a Holiday Inn in Binghamton , New York , Balukas was scheduled to play in the men 's and women 's tournaments .


After notable controversy ( detailed below ) , she competed only on the men 's side .

After controversy , she competed only on the men 's side .


In 1973 , at 14 , Balukas successfully defended her straight pool U.S. Open title , defeating runner-up Donna Ries , a psychologist from Kansas City , Missouri , with a final score of 75-72 in 42 innings and a high run of 26 , earning her a $ 2,000 purse .

In 1973 , at fourteen , Balukas successfully defended her straight pool U.S. Open title .


The match was billed on the television schedule as part of a `` Challenge of the Sexes , '' alongside similar male-female matchups between golfers Nancy Lopez and Andy North and coed participants in a skateboarding challenge match .

Other male-female matchups in the series were between golfers Nancy Lopez and Andy North and co-ed participants in a skateboarding challenge match .


There she again outplayed Walker ( then of Ithaca , New York ) , with a score of 100-57 , and earned a $ 1,001 prize .

There , she again beat Gloria Walker with a score of 100 to 57 , and earned a $ 1,001 prize .


As early as the late 1960s , Balukas was performing exhibition matches with some of the top male players of the era , including Willie Mosconi and Irving Crane , who were together considered between 1941 and 1956 the `` best in the world , flat out '' .

For example , she played with Willie Mosconi and Irving Crane who were together considered between 1941 and 1956 the `` best in the world , flat out '' .


Balukas won the U.S. Open seven years in a row from 1972 through 1978 , accumulating six world championship titles , had well over 100 professional competition first-place finishes with 38 majors to her name , had a streak of 16 first-place finishes in women 's professional tournaments , and was the only woman to compete on equal footing with men in professional play in her era .

She had a streak of 16 first place finishes in women 's professional tournaments .


Balukas went on to win the next two U.S. Open straight pool championships for a total of seven back-to-back wins , her streak foreclosed after 1978 by the discontinuance of the competition itself .

Balukas would win the next two U.S. Open straight pool championships for a total of seven wins in a row .


Later that year , Balukas , along with her younger sister Laura , appeared on CBS 's popular show I 've Got a Secret .

Balukas and her younger sister Laura also appeared on CBS 's television show I 've Got a Secret later that year .


Balukas states that after she arrived in Chicago `` I found out that the first - and second-place winners in the women 's event were going to be invited to play in the men 's event .

However , after she traveled to the tournament she learned she had been tricked : `` I found out that the first - and second-place winners in the women 's event were going to be invited to play in the men 's event .


Balukas played against the men in a number of competitions , including at least one televised match aired on March 25 , 1979 , between her and men 's champion Ray Martin .

These included at least one first shown on TV on March 25 , 1979 , between her and men 's champion Ray Martin .


Her final standing in the tournament overall was 22nd , with 42 men trailing her in the rankings .

Her final rank in the tournament was 22nd .


This meant that she would be competing in both the women 's and men 's divisions of the tournament to be held on August 12 of that year at the Biltmore Hotel located at 43rd Street and Madison Avenue in New York City .

The tournament was to be held on August 12 of that year at the Biltmore Hotel in New York City .


They further explained that Balukas first withdrew from the women 's division but later returned and asked to play after player assignments had been completed .

However , after they asked a player who was absent from the first vote , Balukas withdrew from the women 's division of the competition .


Balukas has more U.S. Open wins than any other player , male or female , the runner up for the men being Steve Mizerak with four .

Balukas has won more U.S. Opens than any other player , male or female .


In her first appearance in 1976 , while a junior in high school , she finished second taking titles in tennis and bowling where she won with 192 points .

In her first appearance in 1976 , while a junior in high school , Balukas placed second with 192 points .


With the score 2 games to 3 in favor of Bell in a race to nine games , Bell made the 9 ball on the snap two games in a row , making the score 5 to 2 in very short order .

Then , Bell sank the 9 ball on the first shot two games in a row , so she won both games .


She also competed in the women 's division of that tournament and was the victor , defeating Billie Billings , also of Brooklyn , with a score of 100-75 .

She beat Billie Billings , also from Brooklyn , with a score of 100 to 75 .


Described as a `` trailblazer , a child prodigy , a loner who rebelled against dress codes for women-the pool equivalent of Billie Jean King '' , she is a five-time Billiards Congress of America ( BCA ) Player of the Year , was the youngest inductee into the BCA Hall of Fame and the second woman given the honor , and was ranked fifteenth on Billiard Digest 's Fifty Greatest Players of the ( 20th ) Century .

Some people described her as a leader and `` a child prodigy , a loner who rebelled against dress codes for women-the pool equivalent of Billie Jean King '' .


In 1975 Balukas defeated Ries again in the U.S. Open semi-finals with a score of 75-15 in 15 innings , dispatched Ames , Iowa native Gail Breedlove 75-19 , and then again faced and defeated Harada in the finals , claiming the $ 3,000 purse with a score of 100-63 in 39 innings and posting a high run of 23 .

In 1975 , Balukas beat Ries again in the U.S. Open semi-finals with a score of 75 to 15 in 15 innings .


She quit the sport amidst controversy in 1988 while at the height of her ability , due to a dispute over her conduct in a match at the World Open Nine-ball Championship of that year .

She quit the sport in 1988 because of a dispute that happened in a match at the World Open Nine-ball Championship that year .


Reporting on the competition , The New York Times stated : `` Miss Balukas showed signs of strong title contention throughout the tournament play as she defeated six opponents with precision shooting and near flawless strategy . ''

Reporting on the competition , The New York Times described her as a strong player `` throughout the tournament ... as she defeated six opponents with precision shooting and ( almost perfect ) strategy '' .


Anton Szandor LaVey ( born Howard Stanton Levey ; April 11 , 1930 - October 29 , 1997 ) was an American author , occultist , and musician .

Anton Szandor LaVey ( April 11 , 1930 - October 29 , 1997 ) , born Howard Stanton Levey , was the founder of the Church of Satan .


LaVey was born as Howard Stanton Lavey in Chicago , Illinois .

LaVey was born with the name Howard Stanton LaVey .


LaVey 's family moved to California , where he spent his early life in the San Francisco Bay Area and in Globe , Arizona .

His family moved to the San Francisco Bay Area of California soon after he was born .


His parents supported his musical interests , as he tried a number of instruments ; his favorites were keyboards such as the pipe organ and the calliope .

He was talented with musical instruments , particularly the pipe organ and calliope .


Anton LaVey died on October 29 , 1997 , in St. Mary 's Medical Center in San Francisco of pulmonary edema .


An orchestra usually has a single tuba , though an additional tuba may be asked for .


The main tube of a B ♭ tuba is approximately 18 feet long , while that of a C tuba is 16 feet , of an E ♭ tuba 13 feet , and of an F tuba 12 feet .

The standard tuba has about 16 feet of tubes .


The Cathedral Prep Events Center is an outdoor muilti-purpose stadium in Erie , Pennsylvania .

The Cathedral Prep Events Center is a outdoor multi-purpose sports stadium in Erie , Pennsylvanian .


Dollinger Field is the name of the football field .


The Events Center has an official seating capacity is 1,800 , but with open areas around the field , the capacity extends to 2,500 making it the second largest stadium in the City of Erie .

The Events Center has an official seating capacity of 2,500 , making it the second largest football stadium in the City of Erie .


In its inaugural game on September 10 , 2010 , the Cathedral Prep Ramblers defeated the Central Tech Falcons 55-9 .

It is home to The Cathedral Prep Ramblers .


All of Chopin 's compositions include the piano ; most are for solo piano , although he also wrote two piano concertos , a few chamber pieces , and some songs to Polish lyrics .

Most of Chopin 's works are for solo piano , though he also wrote two piano concertos , a few chamber pieces and some songs to Polish lyrics .


Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola , 46 kilometres ( 29 miles ) west of Warsaw , in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw , a Polish state established by Napoleon .

Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola , a village in the Duchy of Warsaw .


Through most of his life , Chopin suffered from poor health ; he died in Paris in 1849 , probably of tuberculosis .

Chopin suffered from poor health most of his life and died of tuberculosis Paris in 1849 at age 39 .


Chopin invented the concept of instrumental ballade ; his major piano works also include sonatas , mazurkas , waltzes , nocturnes , polonaises , études , impromptus , scherzos , and preludes , some published only after his death .

Chopin also created the instrumental ballade , along with the addition of new ideas to the piano sonata , mazurka , waltz , nocturne , polonaise , étude , impromptu , scherzo and prélude .


He grew up in Warsaw , which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland , and there completed his musical education and composed many of his works before leaving Poland , aged 20 , less than a month before the outbreak of the November 1830 Uprising .

A famous child prodigy , he grew up in Warsaw where he completed his music education and composed many of his mature works in before leaving Poland in 1831 at age 21 , shortly before the November 1830 Uprising .


It has been suggested that bilateral symmetry may have evolved before the split between Cnidaria and Bilateria , and that the radially symmetrical cnidarians have secondarily evolved radial symmetry , meaning the bilaterality in cnidarian species like N. vectensis have a primary origin .

Newer research strongly indicates that bilateral symmetry evolved before the split between Cnidaria and Bilateria : the radially symmetrical cnidarians have evolved radial symmetry secondarily .


Lynn Margulis and K. V. Schwartz later redefined Radiata in their Five Kingdom classification , this time including only Cnidaria and Ctenophora .

The Five Kingdom classification of Lynn Margulis and K.V. Schwartz keeps only Cnidaria and Ctenophora in Radiata .


Ctenophores exhibit biradial or rotational symmetry , defined by tentacular and pharyngeal axes , on which two anal canals are located in two diametrically opposed quadrants .


Echinoderms , for example , exhibit unmistaken bilateral symmetry as larvae .

Also the free-swimming planula larvae of cnidarians exhibit bilateral symmetry .


Also the eve has been known in Yorkshire as `` Mischievous Night '' , `` Miggy Night '' , `` Tick-Tack Night '' , `` Corn Night '' , `` Trick Night '' and `` Micky Night '' but is celebrated on November 4 on the eve of Bonfire Night .

In Yorkshire , it is also known as `` mischievous night '' , `` Miggy Night '' , `` Tick-Tack Night '' , `` Corn Night '' , `` Trick Night '' and `` Micky Night '' .


It is also commonly known as `` Devil 's Night '' in many places throughout Canada , Michigan , and western Pennsylvania .

It is also commonly known as `` Devil 's Night '' in many places throughout Canada .


In South Jersey region ( as well as Westchester County in New York and Fairfield County in Connecticut ) , October 30 is referred to as `` Mischief Night '' , where mischievous teens rub soap bars on car windows , throw eggs at houses , adorn trees with toilet paper , and run away after ringing doorbells .

In northern New Jersey and the Philadelphia region , October 30 is referred to as `` Mischief Night , '' where mischievous teens soap car windows , egg houses , adorn trees with toilet paper , and run away after ringing doorbells .


Occasionally though , the damage can include the more serious spray-painting of buildings and homes .

Sometimes the damage includes spray-painting of buildings and homes .


In some towns in Northern New Jersey , and parts of New York State , it is known as `` Goosey Night '' .

In other parts of New Jersey , October 30 is also known as `` Cabbage Night '' or `` Goosey Night . ''


Popular tricks include toilet papering yards and buildings , powder-bombing and egging cars , people , and homes , using soap to write on windows , `` forking '' yards , setting off consumer fireworks , and smashing pumpkins and jack-o ' - lanterns .

Modern mischief includes toilet papering gardens and buildings , flouring and egging of cars , people , and homes , `` forking '' gardens , setting off fireworks and smashing pumpkins and jack-o ' - lanterns .


It is known as `` Gate Night '' in New Hampshire , Trail , British Columbia , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Thunder Bay , Ontario , Rockland County , New York , North Dakota and South Dakota ( USA ) and as `` Mat Night '' in Quebec , Canada .

It is known as `` Gate Night '' in Trail , British Columbia , Winnipeg , Canada and as Mat Night in Quebec , Canada , always on the 30 October , the eve of Halloween .


In Widnes , it is known as `` Mizzy Night '' and is celebrated on October 30 .

In Liverpool , it is known as `` Mizzy Night '' ( but unlike in Yorkshire , it is celebrated on October 30th ) .


Born in Buxton , Derbyshire , Travis was raised in Manchester .


In 2006 , Krakowski was cast in the NBC sitcom 30 Rock , where she played Jenna Maroney , a cast member of the fictional late night sketch show TGS with Tracy Jordan .

In 2006 , Krakowski was cast in the NBC sitcom 30 Rock , where she plays Jenna Maroney , a cast member of the fictional late night sketch show TGS with Tracy Jordan .


Krakowski performed in a January 2007 workshop production and backers 's audition for a Broadway musical adaption of the 1980 film , Xanadu , with music from the film 's soundtrack and a book by Douglas Carter Beane .

Krakowski performed in a January 2007 workshop production and backers ' audition for a Broadway musical adaption of the 1980 movie , Xanadu , with music from the movie 's soundtrack and a book by Douglas Carter Beane .


She appeared in the 1989 Broadway musical Grand Hotel as the typist and would-be-film-star Flaemmchen , for which she was nominated for a Tony Award .

She appeared in the 1989 Broadway musical Grand Hotel as the typist and would-be-movie-star Flaemmchen , for which she was nominated for a Tony Award .


On July 30 and 31 , 2009 , Krakowski played the title character in a reading of Mrs. Sharp , with music and lyrics by Ryan Scott Oliver and book by Kirsten A. Guenther , at Playwrights Horizons .

On July 30 and 31 of 2009 , Krakowski played the title character in a reading of Mrs. Sharp , with music and lyrics by Ryan Scott Oliver and book by Kirsten A. Guenther , at Playwrights Horizons .


At the 2000 American Comedy Awards , Krakowski won rave reviews when she performed a sexually charged musical tribute and love letter to Microsoft chairman , Bill Gates .

At the 2000 American Comedy Awards , Krakowski won rave reviews when she performed a sexually-charged musical tribute and love letter to Microsoft chairman , Bill Gates .


In 2003 , she starred in the Broadway revival of Nine playing Carla , for which she won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical .

In 2003 , she starred in the Broadway revival of Nine playing Carla , for which she won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress .


Krakowski was originally cast in the horror film Sleepaway Camp , but dropped out just before filming began because she felt her character 's death scene with a curling iron was too violent .

Krakowski was originally cast in the horror movie Sleepaway Camp , but dropped out just before filming began because she felt her character 's death scene with a curling iron was so violent .


Krakowski 's father 's family is entirely Polish and comes from Kraków , and although she knows only a few words in Polish , her father and grandparents are fluent .

Krakowski 's father 's family is entirely Polish and comes from Kraków , and although she only knows a few words in Polish , her father and grandparents are fluent .


Her solo number , `` I Want to Go to Hollywood '' , is included on the original cast recording .

Her solo number `` I Want to go to Hollywood '' is included on the original cast recording .


Krakowski grew up immersed in the local theater scene as a result of her parents ' activities , saying in one interview : `` Instead of hiring baby sitters , they brought me along with them . ''

Krakowski grew up immersed in the local theater scene as a result of her parents ' activities , saying in one interview , `` Instead of hiring baby sitters , they brought me along with them . ''


She took ballet lessons from age four , but later stopped because she had the wrong body shape , instead moving more towards Broadway dancing .

She took ballet lessons from age four , but later stopped because she was the wrong body shape , instead moving more towards Broadway dancing .


After her film debut , National Lampoon 's Vacation in 1983 , Krakowski appeared in Fatal Attraction , The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas ( where she played Betty Rubble ) , Marci X , Alfie , Go , Cirque du Freak : The Vampire 's Assistant , Dance with Me , Stepping Out , Pretty Persuasion , Kit Kittredge : An American Girl , and Mom at Sixteen .

Krakowski made her movie debut in National Lampoon 's Vacation ; she has also appeared in Fatal Attraction , The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas ( where she played Betty Rubble ) , Marci X , Alfie , Go , Cirque du Freak : The Vampire 's Assistant , Dance with Me , Stepping Out , Pretty Persuasion , Kit Kittredge : An American Girl , and Mom at Sixteen .


She also regularly performs on the stage and won a Tony Award for her performance in the Broadway revival of Nine and an Olivier Award for her role as Miss Adelaide in the West End revival of Guys and Dolls .

She also regularly performs on the stage and won a Tony Award for her performance in the Broadway revival of Nine and an Olivier Award for Guys and Dolls in London 's West End .


In January 2002 , Windham Hill Records released an album that Jim Brickman had recorded , titled Love Songs & Lullabies ; this album featured Krakowski as a vocalist for the song `` You '' , which became a hit on adult contemporary radio stations .

In January 2002 , Windham Hill Records released a Jim Brickman album titled Love Songs & Lullabies featuring Krakowski as a vocalist for the song `` You '' , which became a hit on adult contemporary radio stations .


Her father , Ed , is a chemical engineer and her mother , Barbara Krajkowski ( née Benoit ) , is a college theater instructor and producing artistic director for the Women 's Theater Company .

Her mother , Barbara ( née Benoit ) , is a college theater instructor and producing artistic director for the Women 's Theater Company , and her father , Ed Krajkowski , is a chemical engineer .


and performed a cabaret show called Better When It 's Banned , which featured various songs from the 1920s and '30s that were all deemed racy at the times of their original popularity .

In 2005 , she performed a cabaret show called Better When It 's Banned , which featured various songs deemed racy from the 1920s and '30s .


Krakowski was born Jane Krajkowski in Parsippany-Troy Hills , New Jersey on October 11 , 1968 .

Krakowski was born Jane Krajkowski in Parsippany , New Jersey .


She attended the Professional Children 's School in New York City and Rutgers University , New Brunswick .

She attended the Professional Children 's School in New York City .


Jane Krakowski ( \ / krəˈkoʊvski \ / ; born October 11 , 1968 ) is an American actress and singer who is best known for her role as Jenna Maroney on the NBC sitcom 30 Rock , for which she received four Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series , and for her performance as Elaine Vassal on Ally McBeal , for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award .

She is best known for her performance as Elaine Vassal on Ally McBeal , for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award , and for her current role as Jenna Maroney on the NBC sitcom 30 Rock , for which she has been nominated for three Emmy Awards .


In 2009 , 2010 , 2011 , and 2013 , she received nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for her role in 30 Rock .

In 2009 , 2010 and 2011 , she received Emmy nominations for her role in 30 Rock .


The NME Awards is an annual music awards show in the United Kingdom , founded by the music magazine , NME ( New Musical Express ) .

It was started by the music magazine , NME ( New Musical Express ) .


The first awards show was held in 1953 as the NME Poll Winners Concerts , shortly after the founding of the magazine .

At first it was called the NME Poll Winners Concerts .


The awards resurfaced in 1994 as the NME Brat Awards , with the title intended as a parody of the Brit Awards .

The awards began again in 1994 as the NME Brat Awards .


The 10.3 seconds of arc it travels annually amounts to a quarter of a degree in a human lifetime , roughly half the angular diameter of the full Moon .

The 10.3 seconds of arc it travels annually amount to a quarter of a degree in a human lifetime , roughly half the angular diameter of the full Moon .


Despite its proximity , Barnard 's Star , at a dim apparent magnitude of about nine , is not visible with the unaided eye ; however , it is much brighter in the infrared than it is in visible light .

Despite its proximity , Barnard 's Star , at a dim apparent magnitude of about nine , is not visible with the unaided eye ; however , it is much brighter in infrared light than it is in visible light .


However , at that time , Barnard 's Star will not be the nearest star , since Proxima Centauri will have moved even closer to the Sun .

However , at that time , it will not be the nearest star , since Proxima Centauri will have moved even closer to the Sun .


Barnard 's Star \ / ˈbɑrnərd \ / is a very low-mass red dwarf star about six light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Ophiuchus , the Snake-holder .

Barnard 's Star , also known as Barnard 's Runaway Star , is a very low-mass red dwarf star approximately six light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Ophiuchus ( the Snake-holder ) .


Barnard 's Star is the fourth-closest known individual star to the Sun , after the three components of the Alpha Centauri system , and the closest star in the Northern Hemisphere .

At a distance of about 1.8 parsecs from the Solar System , or just under six light-years , Barnard 's Star is the nearest known star in the constellation Ophiuchus , and the fourth-closest known individual star to the Sun , after the three components of the Alpha Centauri system .


However in 1998 , astronomers observed an intense stellar flare , surprisingly showing that Barnard 's Star is a flare star .

In 1998 astronomers saw an intense flare , showing that Barnard 's Star is a ` flare star ' .


The proper motion of Barnard 's Star corresponds to a relative lateral speed ( `` sideways '' relative to our line of sight to the Sun ) of 90 km\/s .

The proper motion of Barnard 's Star is ` sideways ' relative to our line of sight to the Sun of 90 kilometers per second ( km\/s ) .


These measurements , combined with proper motion , suggest a true velocity relative to the Sun of 139.7 and 142.7 km\/s , respectively .

These measurements , combined with proper motion , suggest a true velocity relative to the Sun of about 140 km\/s .


Barnard 's Star will make its closest approach to the Sun around AD 11,800 , when it approaches to within about 3.75 light-years .

Barnard 's Star will make its closest approach to the Sun around AD 11,700 , when it approaches to within about 3.8 light-years .


Barnard 's Star has lost a great deal of rotational energy , and the periodic slight changes in its brightness indicate that it rotates just once in 130 days ( the Sun rotates in 25 ) .

Barnard 's Star rotates just once every 130 days ( compared with just over 25 days for the Sun ) .


Natural capital is one approach to ecosystem valuation ( which is a type of natural capital accounting ) , an alternative to the traditional view of all non-human life as passive natural resources , and to the idea of ecological health .

This is an approach to ecosystem valuation , an alternative to the traditional view of all non-human life as passive natural resources .


These benefits are similar to those realized by owners of infrastructural capital which yields more goods , e.g. a factory which produces automobiles just as an apple tree produces apples .

These benefits are in some ways similar to those that owners of `` capital '' have as their capital produces more goods , e.g. a factory which produces automobiles just as an apple tree produces apples .


In a traditional economic analysis of the factors of production , natural capital would usually be classified as `` land '' distinct from `` capital '' in its original sense .

In a traditional economic analysis of the factors of production , natural capital would usually be understood as `` land '' and therefore something else than `` capital '' in its original sense .


In late 2004 , Suleman made headlines by cutting Howard Stern 's radio show from four Citadel stations , citing Stern 's frequent discussions regarding his upcoming move to Sirius Satellite Radio .

In late 2004 , Suleman was in the news for cutting Howard Stern 's radio show from four Citadel stations because of Stern 's frequent discussions about Stern 's move to Sirius Satellite Radio .


In 2007 , he was nominated for the Group Executive of the Year award by Radio & Records magazine .

In 2007 , he was put forward to get the Group Executive of the Year award by Radio & Records magazine .


The Dirty Energy Dilemma won a 2009 Nautilus Silver Award for Best Book in the `` Ecology\/Environment\/Sustainability \ / Green Values '' category .

The Dirty Energy Dilemma won a 2009 Nautilus Award .


The Dirty Energy Dilemma : What 's Blocking Clean Power in the United States is a 2008 book by academic Benjamin K. Sovacool , published by Praeger .

The Dirty Energy Dilemma is a 2008 book by academic Benjamin K. Sovacool .


Sovacool suggests that the barriers to clean energy adoption are institutional , not technological , and he sees no role for nuclear power in a clean energy transition .

Sovacool sees no role for nuclear power in a clean energy transition .


Tourism is becoming increasingly important , thanks to the scenic beauty and coastal locality .

Tourism is becoming more important , thanks to the scenic beauty and coastal locality .


The city also functions as a regional center for government administration , corporate services and commerce to Eyre Peninsula ; however , many State Government functions are gradually being phased out as State Government becomes more centralised in Adelaide .

The city also is the regional center for government administration , corporate services and commerce to Eyre Peninsula .


It is the largest city in the West Coast region , and is located approximately 280 km ( straight line - 646 km by road ) from the State 's capital city of Adelaide .

It is about 280 kilometres ( straight line - 646 km by road ) from the capital city Adelaide .


British naval explorer Matthew Flinders discovered Boston Bay on 26 February 1802 .

British Royal Navy explorer Matthew Flinders discovered the harbor in February 1802 .


Ready access to both Spencer Gulf and the Great Australian Bight mark Port Lincoln out as a blue water playground for yachting , scuba diving , shark cage diving and game fishing .

Easy access to both Spencer Gulf and the Great Australian Bight make Port Lincoln a good place for yachting , scuba diving , shark cage diving and game fishing .


Port Lincoln is a city on the lower Eyre Peninsula in the Australian state of South Australia .

Port Lincoln is a city in South Australia .


On 23 March 2005 , Buena gave birth to her daughter Tahlia .

In March 2005 Buena gave birth to a daughter called Tahlia .


Rosa Isabel Mutya Buena ( born 21 May 1985 ) is an English recording artist who rose to fame as a member of girl group the Sugababes .

Rosa Isabel Mutya Buena ( born 21 May 1985 ) is an English singer .


Buena was born in Kingsbury , London and attended Kingsbury High School .

Buena was born in Kingsbury , London to a Filipino father and Irish mother .


Buena 's debut album , Real Girl , peaked at number 10 on the UK Albums Chart .

The album 's first single , `` Real Girl '' , reached number two in the UK Singles Chart .


On 18 June 1959 , she married actor Jacques Charrier , by whom she had her only child , a son , Nicolas-Jacques Charrier ( born 11 January 1960 ) .

After her divorce from Vadim in 1957 , she married actor Jacques Charrier in 1959 , with whom she had her only child , a son Nicolas , born on 11 January 1960 .


Bardot 's third marriage was to German millionaire playboy Gunter Sachs from 14 July 1966 to 1 October 1969 .

Her third husband , from 1966-1969 , was German millionaire Gunter Sachs .


At that first congress ( held at Fontainebleau , France ) , on 5 October 1948 , 18 governments , 7 international organizations , and 107 national nature conservation organizations all agreed to form the institution and signed a `` constitutive act '' creating an International Union for the Protection of Nature .

At the first meeting at Fontainebleau , France , on 5 October , 1948 , 18 governments , seven international organizations , and 107 national nature conservation organizations agreed to form the International Union for the Protection of Nature .


From this beginning , the overriding strategy and policy of the institution has been to explore and promote mutually beneficial conservation arrangements that suit those promoting development as well as assisting people and nations to better preserve their flora and fauna .

From the start the most important task has been to explore and develop arrangements that can allow development as well as helping people and nations to better preserve their flora and fauna .


IUCN began when the first Director General of UNESCO , Sir Julian Huxley , sponsored a congress to establish a new environmental institution to help serve this purpose .

The first Director General of UNESCO , ( Sir Julian Huxley ) wanted to give UNESCO a more scientific base .


With the pre-eminence of the concept of sustainable development , IUCN has expanded into many of the nations around the world , making available the services of a large pool of mainly voluntary specialists , providing local level advice and conservation services , and expanding its networks of Committees and regional advisory bodies into increasing numbers of countries .

It is able to provide the services of a large group of mainly voluntary specialists , providing local level advice and conservation services .


Of the major world religions , Judaism is considered one of the oldest monotheistic religions .

It is one of the oldest monotheistic religions - teaching the belief in one God .


To study the Written Torah and the Oral Torah in light of each other is thus also to study how to study the word of God .

It is called the Mishnah , also called the Oral Torah or Oral Law .


According to the Tanakh ( Hebrew Bible ) , God promised Abraham to make of his offspring a great nation .

The Hebrew Bible is a collection of writings called the `` Tanakh '' ( תנ '' ך ) in Hebrew .


Pope Gregory III ( Latin : Gregorius III ; died 28 November 741 ) was Pope from 11 February 731 to his death in 741 .

Pope Gregory III ( Latin : Gregorius Tertius ; died 28 November 741 ) was an Syrian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 90th Pope from 11 February 731 to 28 November 741 .


He was the last non-European pope until Pope Francis in 2013 .

After the reign of Gregory III , there were no other non-European popes until Pope Francis in 2013 .


The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two houses : the Senate and the House of Representatives .

It has two houses ( parts ) : The United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate .


Each state regardless of population has exactly two senators ; at present there are 100 senators representing the 50 states .

There are 100 Senators in Congress , with two coming from each state .


For valid publication of a species , bacteria must be isolated , cultured , described , and deposited in a bacteriology culture collection .

For correct publication of a species , bacteria must be isolated , cultured , described , and deposited in a Bacteriology Culture Collection .


It was also recommended that a Candidatus list should be established in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology - IJSB ( now International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology ) .

It was also recommended that a Candidatus list should be established in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .


However , some bacteria require special culture conditions and can not be maintained in such collections .

However , some bacteria require special culture conditions and can not be maintained in Bacteriology Culture Collections .


In 1994 , Murray and Schleifer published a taxonomic note in which they recommended that the new category of indefinite rank ( Candidatus ) be established for certain putative taxa that could not be described in sufficient detail to warrant establishment of a new taxon .

They recommended that the new category of indefinite rank ( Candidatus ) be established for certain putative taxa that could not be described in sufficient detail to warrant establishment of a new taxon .


Candidatus status may be used when a species or genus is well characterised but unculturable .

Candidatus status may be used when a species or genus is well studied but can not be cultured .


Carmen is an opera in four acts by the French composer Georges Bizet .

Carmen is a French opera written in 1875 by Georges Bizet .


Maharishi Mahesh Yogi ( 12 January 1918 - 5 February 2008 ) was born Mahesh Prasad Varma and obtained the honorific Maharishi ( meaning `` Great Seer '' ) and Yogi as an adult .

Maharishi Mahesh Yogi ( 12 January 1918 - 5 February 2008 ) was an Indian guru ( a teacher of spirituality ) .


The foreign government advisors in Meiji Japan , known in Japanese as oyatoi gaikokujin ( Kyūjitai : 御雇ひ外國人 , Shinjitai : 御雇い外国人 , `` hired foreigners '' ) , were those foreign advisors hired by the Japanese government for their specialized knowledge to assist in the modernization of Japan at the end of the Bakufu and during the Meiji period .

Foreign government advisors in Meiji Japan ( お雇い外国人 , oyatoi gaikokujin ?


The United States Secretary of Energy is the head of the U.S. Department of Energy , a member of the U.S. President 's Cabinet , and fifteenth in the presidential line of succession .

The United States Secretary of Energy is the head of the United States Department of Energy , a member of the President 's Cabinet , and fifteenth in the Presidential line of succession .


Originally the post focused on energy production and regulation .

The position was originally developed to focus on energy production and regulation .


The position was formed on October 1 , 1977 with the creation of the Department of Energy when President Jimmy Carter signed the Department of Energy Organization Act .

The post was created with the formation of the Department of Energy on October 1 , 1977 by President Jimmy Carter 's signing of the Department of Energy Organization Act .


The emphasis soon shifted to developing technology for better , more efficient energy sources as well as energy education .

During the 1980s , the emphasis shifted to development of technology for better , more efficient energy sources as well as education regarding energy .


After the end of the Cold War , the department 's attention also turned toward radioactive waste disposal and maintenance of environmental quality .

As the Cold War ended , the department 's efforts were more often devoted to nuclear waste disposal and maintenance of environmental quality .


In geology , the terms basement and crystalline basement are used to define the rocks below a sedimentary platform or cover , or more generally any rock below sedimentary rocks or sedimentary basins that are metamorphic or igneous in origin .

In geology , the terms basement and crystalline basement are used to define the rocks below a sedimentary platform or cover .


Apple was introduced to the music industry in 1994 , when she gave a demo tape containing the songs `` Never Is a Promise '' , `` Not One of Those Times '' , and `` He Takes a Taxi '' to her friend who was the babysitter of music publicist Kathryn Schenker .

In 1994 Apple gave demo tape containing the songs `` Never Is a Promise '' , `` Not One of Those Times '' , and `` He Takes a Taxi '' to her friend , who was the babysitter of music publicist Kathryn Schenker .


Fiona Apple McAfee Maggart ( born September 13 , 1977 ) is an American singer-songwriter and pianist .

Fiona Apple McAfee Maggart , or Fiona Apple ( born September 13 , 1977 ) is an American musician .


Schenker then passed the tape along to Sony Music executive Andy Slater .

Schenker passed the tape on to Sony Music executive Andy Slater .


Born in New York , Apple is the daughter of singer Diane McAfee and actor Brandon Maggart .

Apple was born in New York City to singer Diane McAfee and actor Brandon Maggart .


Apple sang with Johnny Cash on a cover of Simon & Garfunkel 's `` Bridge over Troubled Water '' that ended up on his album American IV : The Man Comes Around and was nominated for a Grammy Award for `` Best Country Collaboration with Vocals '' .

Apple sang with Johnny Cash on a cover of Simon & Garfunkel 's `` Bridge over Troubled Water '' on Cash 's 2002 album American IV : The Man Comes Around .


Apple 's second album , When the Pawn ... , was released in 1999 .

In 1999 Apple 's second album When the Pawn ... was released .


Her debut album , Tidal , was released in 1996 and received a Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance ( with an additional six nominations ) for the single `` Criminal '' .

Her song Criminal , which was on her first album , Tidal , won a Grammy Award in 1998 for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance .


At age 12 she was raped outside her apartment .

When she was 12 she was raped outside the apartment she lived in .


Apple 's abilities captured his attention , and Slater signed her to a record deal .


The Idler Wheel Is Wiser Than the Driver of the Screw and Whipping Cords Will Serve You More Than Ropes Will Ever Do , Apple 's fourth studio album , was released on June 19 , 2012 , in the United States .

In 2012 Apple 's fourth album The Idler Wheel ... was released .


Apple accepted MTV Video Music Award for `` Best New Artist '' for her song Sleep to Dream in 1997 The New Yorker and NYRock criticized her MTV award show speech .

Apple won the MTV Video Music Award for `` Best New Artist '' for her song `` Sleep to Dream '' in 1997 .


In the 18th century , the Passenger Pigeon in Europe was known to the French as tourtre ; but , in New France , it was called tourte .

In the 18th century , the passenger pigeon in Europe was known to the French as tourtre ; but , in New France , the North American bird was called tourte .


Others argue the species had not been common in the pre-Columbian period , but their numbers grew when devastation of the American Indian population by European diseases led to reduced competition for food .

Others argue that the species had not been common in the Pre-Columbian period , but their numbers grew when devastation of the American Indian population by European diseases led to reduced competition for food .


A slow decline between about 1800 and 1870 was followed by a catastrophic decline between 1870 and 1890 .

There was a slow decline in their numbers between about 1800 and 1870 , followed by a catastrophic decline between 1870 and 1890 .


Some estimate 3 to 5 billion Passenger Pigeons were in the United States when Europeans arrived in North America .

Some estimate that there were three billion to five billion passenger pigeons in the United States when Europeans arrived in North America .


The species went from being one of the most abundant birds in the world during the 19th century to extinction early in the 20th century .

The species went from being one of the most usual birds in the world during the 19th century to extinction early in the 20th century .


Next , pigeon meat was commercialized as a cheap food for slaves and the poor in the 19th century , resulting in hunting on a massive and mechanized scale .

The primary factor emerged when pigeon meat was commercialized as a cheap food for slaves and the poor in the 19th century , resulting in hunting on a massive scale .


The Passenger Pigeon or Wild Pigeon ( Ectopistes migratorius ) is an extinct North American bird .

The passenger pigeon , or , wild pigeon was a species of bird , Ectopistes migratorius , that was once common in North America .


Martha , thought to be the world 's last Passenger Pigeon , died on September 1 , 1914 , at the Cincinnati Zoo .

Martha , thought to be the world 's last passenger pigeon , died on September 1 , 1914 , in Cincinnati , Ohio .


The common name `` Passenger Pigeon '' derives from the French word passager , which means `` to pass by '' in a fleeting manner .

The term passenger pigeon in English derives from the French word passager , meaning to pass by .


In the native Algonquian languages , it was called amimi by the Lenape , omiimii by the Ojibwe , and mimi8a by the Kaskaskia Illinois .

In Algonquian languages , it was called amimi by the Lenape and omiimii by the Ojibwe .


Old World monkeys are medium to large in size , and range from arboreal forms , such as the colobus monkeys , to fully terrestrial forms , such as the baboons .

Old World monkeys are medium to large in size , and range from arboreal forms , such as the Colobus , to fully terrestrial forms , such as the baboons .


In many species , only a single adult male lives with each group , driving off all rivals , but others are more tolerant , establishing hierarchical relationships between dominant and subordinate males .

In many species , only a single adult male lives with each group , driving off all rivals , but others are more tolerant , establishing relationships between dominant and subordinate males .


In most species , daughters remain with their mothers for life , so that the basic social group among Old World monkeys is a matrilineal troop .

In most species , daughters remain with their mothers for life , so that the basic social group among Old World monkeys is a matrilineal troop ( led by the dominant female ) .


However , a ( possibly introduced ) free-roaming group of monkeys still survives in Gibraltar ( Europe ) to this day .

A ( possibly introduced ) free-roaming group of monkeys still survives in Gibraltar ( Europe ) to this day .


The smallest is the talapoin , with a head and body 34-37 cm in length , and weighing between 0.7 and 1.3 kilograms , while the largest is the male mandrill ( the females of the species being significantly smaller ) , at around 70 cm in length , and weighing up to 50 kilograms .

The smallest is the talapoin , with a head and body 34-37 cm in length , and weighing between 0.7 and 1.3 kilograms , while the largest is the male mandrill at around 70 cm in length , and weighing up to 50 kilograms ( the females are much smaller ) .


The Old World monkeys are native to Africa and Asia today , inhabiting a range of environments from tropical rain forest to savanna , shrubland and mountainous terrain , and are also known from Europe in the fossil record .

The Old World monkeys live in a range of environments from tropical rain forest to savanna , shrubland and mountainous terrain .


By superficial appearance , Old World monkeys are unlike apes in that most have tails ( the family name means `` tailed ape '' ) , and unlike the New World monkeys ( platyrrhines ) in that their tails are never prehensile .

By appearance , Old World monkeys are unlike apes in that most have tails ( the family name means `` tailed ape '' ) , and unlike the New World monkeys in that their tails are never prehensile ( used for holding on ) .


Radar signals passing near a massive object take slightly longer to travel to a target and longer to return than they would if the mass of the object were not present .

Radar signals passing near a massive object take slightly longer to travel to a target and longer to return than it would if the mass of the object were not present .


The time delay effect was first noticed in 1964 , by Irwin Shapiro .

The time delay effect was first noticed in 1964 , by Irwin I. Shapiro .


The battle , dubbed `` Little Stalingrad '' for the deadliness of its close-quarters combat , took place in the small Adriatic Sea town of Ortona , with its peacetime population of 10,000 .

The battle took place in the Adriatic Sea town of Ortona , with a population of 10,000 .


After six days of combat , 2nd Brigade 's third battalion , Princess Patricia 's Canadian Light Infantry , joined the battle together with tanks from 1st Canadian Armoured Brigade 's Three Rivers Regiment .

After six days fighting , 2nd Brigade 's third battalion , Princess Patricia 's Canadian Light Infantry , joined the battle .


These soldiers were battle-hardened after many years of war , and were ordered by Adolf Hitler to defend Ortona at any cost .

Adolf Hitler ordered them to defend Ortona .


The Canadians faced elements of the renowned German 1st Parachute Division .

The Canadians had to battle the German 1st Parachute Division .


The Battle of Ortona ( 20-28 December 1943 ) was a small , yet extremely fierce , battle fought between a battalion of German Fallschirmjäger ( paratroops ) from the German 1st Parachute Division under Generalleutnant Richard Heidrich , and assaulting Canadian forces from the Canadian 1st Infantry Division under Major General Chris Vokes .

The battalion of German paratroops were from the German 1st Parachute Division under Generalleutnant Richard Heidrich .


On 28 December , after eight days of fighting , the depleted German troops-who lacked reinforcements-finally withdrew from the town .

On 28 December , after eight days of fighting , the Germans withdrew from the town .


Ortona was of high strategic importance , as it was one of Italy 's few usable deep water ports on the east coast , and was needed for docking allied ships and so shorten Eighth Army 's lines of supply which at the time stretched back to Bari and Taranto .

Ortona was one of Italy 's few deep water ports on the east coast .


It was the culmination of the fighting on the Adriatic front in Italy during `` Bloody December '' .

It was part of the fighting on the Adriatic area in Italy .


He held the title Commander of the Faithful of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan , which was recognized by only three nations : Pakistan , Saudi Arabia , and the United Arab Emirates .

He held the title Commander of the Faithful from the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan .


He was Afghanistan 's de facto 11th head of state from 1996 to late 2001 , under the official title `` Head of the Supreme Council '' .

Between 1996 and 2001 , he was Afghanistan 's de facto head of state .


Mullah Mohammed Omar ( Pashto : ملا محمد عمر , Mullā Muḥammad ` Umar ; born c. 1959 ) , often simply called Mullah Omar , is the spiritual leader of the Taliban .

Mullah Mohammed Omar ( Pashto : ملا محمد عمر ) is the leader of the Taliban in Afghanistan .


Despite his political rank and his high status on the Rewards for Justice most wanted list , not much is publicly known about him .

Despite his political rank , and his high status on the FBI 's wanted list , not much is publicly known about Omar .


He took part in other sports : he was a champion 440-yard hurdler as a young man and also played football for the Wanderers .

He took part in other sports : as a young man he was a champion 440 yard hurdler , and also played football for the Wanderers .


Grace scored only 4 and 32 but he has been held responsible for `` firing up '' Spofforth .

Grace scored only 4 and 32 , and he was held responsible for `` firing up '' Spofforth .


Usually opening the innings , he was particularly admired for his mastery of all strokes , and his level of expertise was said by contemporary reviewers to be unique .

Usually opening the innings , he was admired for his mastery of all strokes : his level of expertise was said by contemporary reviewers to be unique .


Because of his medical profession , he was nominally an amateur cricketer but he is said to have made more money from his cricketing activities than any professional cricketer .

Because of his medical profession , he was nominally an amateur cricketer but he is said to have made more money from cricket than any professional .


He generally captained the teams he played for at all levels because of his skill and tactical acumen .

He generally captained the teams he played for at all levels because of his skill and tactical know-how , and his dominant personality .


He played for England in 22 Tests through the 1880s and 1890s , all of them against Australia , and was an automatic selection for England at home , but his only Test-playing tour of Australia was that of 1891-92 .

He was an automatic selection for England at home , but his only Test-playing tour of Australia was that of 1891-92 .


He was an extremely competitive player and , although he was one of the most famous men in England , he was also one of the most controversial on account of his gamesmanship and moneymaking .

Although he was one of the most famous men in England , he was also one of the most controversial on account of his gamesmanship and his financial skill .


His technical innovations and enormous influence left a lasting legacy .

His technical innovations and enormous influence had a lasting effect .


Universally known as `` W. G. '' , he played first-class cricket for a record-equalling 44 seasons , from 1865 to 1908 , during which he captained England , Gloucestershire , the Gentlemen , Marylebone Cricket Club ( MCC ) , the United South of England Eleven ( USEE ) and several other teams .

He played first-class cricket for a record-equalling 44 seasons , from 1865 to 1908 , during which he captained England , Gloucestershire County Cricket Club , the Gentlemen , MCC , the United South of England Eleven and several other teams .


Although the early matches were recognized retrospectively , Test cricket began in 1877 when Grace was already 28 and he made his debut in 1880 , scoring England 's first-ever Test century against Australia .

Test cricket began in 1877 , when Grace was already 28 .


An outstanding all-rounder , he excelled at all the essential skills of batting , bowling and fielding , but it is for his batting that he is most renowned .

It is for his batting that he is most renowned .


Thanks to Spofforth who took 14 wickets in the match , Australia won by 7 runs and the legend of The Ashes was born immediately afterwards .

Thanks to Spofforth , the ` demon bowler ' , who took 14 wickets in the match , Australia won by 7 runs and the legend of The Ashes was born .


This came about through a typical piece of gamesmanship by Grace when he effected an unsporting , albeit legal , run out of Sammy Jones .

This came about through a piece of gamesmanship by Grace when he made an unsporting , but legal , run out of one of the Australian batsmen .


He came from a cricketing family : the appearance in 1880 of W. G. with E. M. Grace , one of his elder brothers , and Fred Grace , his younger brother , was the first time three brothers played together in Test cricket .

In 1880 W.G. with E.M. Grace , one of his elder brothers , and Fred Grace , his younger brother , was the first time three brothers played together in Test cricket .


But Grace was approached by both Oxford University Cricket Club and Cambridge University Cricket Club .


It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard et al. in 2000 , and given the temporary designation S\/2000 J 4 .

It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard et al. in 2000 , and given the designation S\/2000 J 4 .


Erinome is about 3.2 kilometres in diameter , and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 22,986 Mm in 711.965 days , at an inclination of 164 ° to the ecliptic ( 162 ° to Jupiter 's equator ) , in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.2552 .

Erinome is about 3.2 kilometres in diameter , and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 22,986,000 km in 711.965 days , at an inclination of 164 ° to the ecliptic ( 162 ° to Jupiter 's equator ) , with an orbital eccentricity of 0.2552 .


Erinome belongs to the Carme group , made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165 ° .

Erinome belongs to the Carme group , made up of non-spherical retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23,000,000 and 24,000,000 km and at an inclination of about 165 ° .


Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters is an American flash animated semi-canonical comedy film based on the Adult Swim animated series Aqua Teen Hunger Force .

Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters is a animated movie based on the Adult Swim program Aqua Teen Hunger Force .


The film was written and directed by the show 's creators , Matt Maiellaro and Dave Willis , and was released on April 13 , 2007 by First Look Pictures .

The movie was written and directed by the show 's creators Dave Willis and Matt Maiellaro .


Clare Hall is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge , England .

Clare Hall is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge , England .


The Five Families are the five original Italian American Mafia crime families of New York City which have dominated organized crime in the United States since 1931 .

The Five Families are the five major Italian-American Mafia crime families which have controlled organized crime in New York City since the 1930s .


There was one series per year , with the first four series presented by Richard O'Brien and the final two by Ed Tudor-Pole .

It was presented by Richard O'Brien from series 1 to 4 and Ed Tudor-Pole in series 5 and 6 .


Each crystal gives the team five seconds of time inside `` The Crystal Dome '' , the centrepiece of the maze where the contestants take part in their final challenge .

Each crystal gives them five seconds in the Crystal Dome .


Originally Chatsworth Television intended to make a British version of the French show Fort Boyard .

It was made by Chadsworth Television as an English version of the French show Fort Boyard .


The Crystal Maze was a British game show , produced by Chatsworth Television and shown on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom between 15 February 1990 and 10 August 1995 .

The Crystal Maze is a British game show which ran from 1990-1995 .


At its center was the Crystal Dome , a giant geometric acrylic glass ` crystal ' where the teams play their final challenge after playing games in each of the four zones .

The Crystal Dome is a large glass crystal where the players must go in at the end .


A team of six contestants take part in a series of challenges in order to win `` time crystals '' .

A team of six players completed challenges to win crystals .


He also controversially ordered Pakistan 's first nuclear tests in response to neighbouring India 's second nuclear tests .

During his second term , he notably ordered Pakistan 's first nuclear tests in response to India 's nuclear tests .


Sharif is the president of Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) , which is currently Pakistan 's largest political party , and has formed the government .

He leads the political party , Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) .


On 9 April 1985 , he was sworn-in as Chief Minister of Punjab .

He was Chief Minister of Punjab from 1985 to 1990 .


South-West Africa ( Afrikaans : Suidwes-Afrika ; Dutch : Zuidwest-Afrika ; German : Südwestafrika ) was the name for modern-day Namibia when it was ruled by the German Empire and later South Africa .

South-West Africa ( Afrikaans : Suidwes-Afrika ; Dutch : Zuidwest-Afrika ; German : Südwestafrika ) was the name used for Namibia when it was ruled by the German Empire and later South Africa .


The main port , Walvis Bay , and the Penguin islands were annexed by Britain as part of the Cape Colony in 1878 , and became part of the Union of South Africa in 1910 .

The main port city , Walvis Bay , and the Penguin Islands were annexed by Great Britain in 1878 as a part of the Cape Colony , which became a part of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910 .


In 1915 , during South-West Africa Campaign of the First World War , South Africa captured the German colony .

In 1915 , South Africa captured the German colony .


The Mandate was supposed to become a United Nations Trust Territory when League of Nations Mandates were transferred to the United Nations following the Second World War .

The Mandate was supposed to become a Trust Territory when the League of Nations Mandates were transferred to the control of the UN .


The Union of South Africa objected to South-West Africa coming under UN control and refused to allow the territory 's transition to independence , regarding it as a fifth province ( even though it was never formally incorporated into South Africa ) .

However , South Africa refused , regarding the territory as its fifth province ( even though it was never formally incorporated into the Union of South Africa ) .


The territory became the independent Republic of Namibia on 21 March 1990 , although Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands only assimilated into Namibia in 1994 .

However , Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands only became a part of Namibia in 1994 .


After the war , it was declared a League of Nations Mandate territory under the Treaty of Versailles , with the Union of South Africa responsible for the administration of South-West Africa , including Walvis Bay .

It became a League of Nations Mandate territory , with the Union of South Africa administering it .


Floods can also occur in rivers when the flow rate exceeds the capacity of the river channel , particularly at bends or meanders in the waterway .

Floods can also occur in rivers , when the strength of the river is so high it flows out of the river channel , particularly at bends or meanders and causes damage to homes and businesses alongside the river .


The Book of Esther is a book in the Ketuvim ( `` writings '' ) , the third section of the Jewish Tanakh ( the Hebrew Bible ) and is part of the Christian Old Testament .

Esther is the name of a book in the Tanakh ( the Hebrew Bible ) and the Old Testament , and also its title heroine .


Bryan Adams was the self-titled debut solo album by Canadian rock singer Bryan Adams released in February 1980 on A&M Records .

Bryan Adams is the first album by Canadian rock singer Bryan Adams .


The first single was `` Hidin ' from Love '' in 1980 ( # 43 on the Billboard dance charts ) which was followed up by `` Give Me Your Love '' and `` Remember '' .

The first single was `` Hidin ' from Love '' in 1980 ( # 43 on the Billboard dance charts ) the next one was `` Give Me Your Love '' and then `` Remember '' .


While the album did not gain attention in the US , `` Hidin ' From Love '' reached # 64 and `` Give Me Your Love '' reached # 91 both on Canada 's RPM 100 Singles chart .

`` Hidin ' From Love '' went to # 64 on Canada 's RPM 100 Singles chart and `` Give Me Your Love '' went to # 91 on the same chart .


In early 1978 , Bryan Adams teamed up with Jim Vallance ( formerly of Canadian band Prism ) to form a song-writing duo .

In early 1978 , Bryan Adams and Jim Vallance made a song-writing duo together .


He worked on his debut album for the balance of 1979 with it being released in February 1980 .

They made the album in 1979 and released it in February 1980 .


The landscape corresponds to the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor , Mesopotamia , and the Caucasus mountains , later known as the Armenian Highlands .

It was in the mountainous plateau between Asia Minor , Mesopotamia , and Caucasus mountains , later known as the Armenian Highland , and it centered around Lake Van ( present-day eastern Turkey ) .


A central concept of quantum mechanics , this duality addresses the inability of classical concepts like `` particle '' and `` wave '' to fully describe the behavior of quantum-scale objects .

Classical concepts like `` particle '' and `` wave '' do not fully describe the behavior of quantum-scale objects .


In 2007 , 6 municipalities from the former district of Anhalt-Zerbst ( Hobeck , Lohburg , Lübs , Prödel , Rosian and Schweinitz ) were added to Jerichower Land District .

In 2007 , 6 municipalities from the former district of Anhalt-Zerbst ( Hobeck , Lohburg , Lübs , Prödel , Rosian and Schweinitz ) were added to Jerichower Land .


Some areas of the two districts were added to the neighbouring districts of Havelberg , Rathenow , Brandenburg , Loburg and Zerbst .

Some areas were given to the neighbouring districts of Havelberg , Rathenow , Brandenburg , Loburg and Zerbst .


The two districts were also renamed after their administrative seats , thus Jerichow I became District Burg , and Jerichow II became District Genthin .

Jerichow became Burg , and Jerichow II became Genthin .


In 1952 , the district of Burg was split into two parts .

In 1952 the district of Burg was split into two parts , Loburg and Burg .


In 1994 , the two districts of Burg and Genthin were merged , and re-adopted the historical name of Jerichow .

In 1994 the two districts of Burg and Loburg were merged , and took the old name of Jerichow .


It is not related to the name for the city of Jericho in the Middle East .


The licence was handed over to the first team of editors consisting of Emil Carlebach , Hans Etzkorn , Wilhelm Karl Gerst , Otto Grossmann , Wilhelm Knothe , Paul Rodemann and Arno Rudert , a progressive think-tank of social democrats , political Catholics and communists , who had spent years in the resistance and Nazi concentration camps or in exile .

The licence was handed over to the first team of editors consiting of Emil Carlebach , Hans Etzkorn , Wilhelm Karl Gerst , Otto Grossmann , Wilhelm Knothe , Paul Rodemann and Arno Rudert .


The Frankfurter Rundschau is a German daily newspaper , based in Frankfurt am Main .

The Frankfurter Rundschau is a left-wing liberal newspaper in Germany .


It was the first newspaper published in the US sector in occupied Germany and the second newspaper in post-war Germany .

And it was the first newspaper in the U.S. sector .


Visibility of less than 100 metres ( 330 ft ) is usually reported as zero .

Visibility less than 100 metres ( 330 ft ) is often called zero .


In addition , an advisory is often issued by a government weather agency for low visibility , such as a dense fog advisory from the U.S. National Weather Service .

An advisory is put out by meteorologists to warn of low visibility , such as a dense fog advisory from the U.S. National Weather Service .


Airport travel is also often delayed by low visibility , sometimes causing long waits due to instrument flight rules and wider spacing of aircraft .

Airport travel sometimes is delayed , or slowed down , by low visibility .


In these conditions , roads may be closed , or automatic warning lights and signs may be activated to warn drivers .

When it is this low , roads may be closed , or lights and signs are turned on to warn drivers .


In meteorology , visibility is a measure of the distance at which an object or light can be clearly discerned .

Visibility is a word used in meteorology .


The pulmonary vein returns the now oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium .

The pulmonary artery takes blood to the lungs .


The other component of the circulatory system , the lymphatic system , is not closed .

The circulatory system is the body system that brings blood to the body .


Systemic circulation is , distance-wise , much longer than pulmonary circulation , transporting blood to every part of the body .

The systemic circulation is how blood goes to most of the body .


During his childhood , he was taught by Marc ` Antonio Ingegneri , the maestro di cappella at the Cathedral of Cremona .

In the introduction to this music he says that his music teacher was Marc ' Antonio Ingegneri , the maestro di cappella of Cremona cathedral .


Monteverdi made his reply in the introduction to the fifth book , with a proposal of the division of musical practice into two streams , which he called prima pratica , and seconda pratica .

The old style was known as prima pratica ( `` first practice '' ) and the new style was called the seconda pratica ( `` second practice '' ) .


It took Monteverdi about four years to finish his first book of twenty-one madrigals for five voices .


While in Venice , Monteverdi also finished his sixth ( 1614 ) , seventh ( 1619 ) , and eighth ( 1638 ) books of madrigals .

By 1619 Monteverdi had published his seventh book of madrigals .


Charles Babbage , an English mechanical engineer and polymath , originated the concept of a programmable computer .

Charles Babbage was the first to make a design of a fully programmable mechanical computer .


The input of programs and data was to be provided to the machine via punched cards , a method being used at the time to direct mechanical looms such as the Jacquard loom .

He could use punch cards to tell the loom what to do , and he could change the punch cards , which means he could program the loom to weave the pattern he wanted .


Although the computer was considered `` small and primitive '' by the standards of its time , it was the first working machine to contain all of the elements essential to a modern electronic computer .

Modern computers are electronic machines .


Some consider the flavor to be very agreeable , but it is generally bitter if steeped in boiling water .

Many consider the flavor to be very agreeable , but it is generally bitter if steeped in boiling water .


An iced , sweetened version of toasted mate is sold as an uncarbonated soft drink , with or without fruit flavoring .

An iced , sweetened version of toasted mate is sold as a soft drink , with or without fruit flavoring .


The three xanthines present in mate have been shown to have a relaxing effect on smooth muscle tissue , and a stimulating effect on myocardial ( heart ) tissue .

Mate has been shown to have a relaxing effect on smooth muscle tissue , and a stimulating effect on myocardial ( heart ) tissue .


Preliminary limited studies of mate have shown that the mate xanthine cocktail is different from other plants containing caffeine , most significantly in its effects on muscle tissue , as opposed to those on the central nervous system , which are similar to those of other natural stimulants .

Studies of mate , though very limited , have shown preliminary evidence that the mate xanthine cocktail is different from other plants containing caffeine most significantly in its effects on muscle tissue , as opposed to those on the central nervous system , which are similar to those of other natural stimulants .


When yerba mate is harvested , the branches are dried sometimes with a wood fire , imparting a smoky flavor .

When the yerba is harvested , the branches are dried sometimes with a wood fire , imparting a smoky flavor .


Yerba mate also contains elements such as potassium , magnesium and manganese .

Mate also contains elements such as potassium , magnesium and manganese .


A study by the International Agency for Research on Cancer showed a limited correlation between oral cancer and the drinking of large quantities of `` hot mate '' .

On the other hand , a study by the International Agency for Research on Cancer showed a limited correlation between oral cancer and the drinking of hot mate ( no data were collected on drinkers of cold mate ) .


Mate batido , which is toasted , has less of a bitter flavor and more of a spicy fragrance .

The toasted variety of mate has less of a bitter flavor and more of a spicy fragrance .


The Yerba mate plant is grown and processed in South America , specifically in northern Argentina ( Corrientes , Misiones ) , Paraguay , Uruguay and southern Brazil ( Rio Grande do Sul , Santa Catarina , Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul ) .

The plant is grown mainly in South America , more specifically in Northern Argentina ( Corrientes , Misiones ) , Paraguay , Uruguay and southern Brazil ( Rio Grande do Sul , Santa Catarina and Paraná ) .


Drinking mate with friends from a shared hollow gourd ( also called a guampa , porongo or mate in Spanish , or cabaça or cuia in Portuguese , or zucca in Italian ) with a metal straw ( a bombilla in Spanish , bomba in Portuguese ) is a common social practice in Uruguay , Argentina and southern Brazil among people of all ages .

Drinking mate with friends from a shared hollow gourd ( also called a mate in Spanish , or cabaça or cuia in Portuguese ) with a metal straw ( a bombilla in Spanish , bomba or canudo in Portuguese ) is an extremely common social practice in Argentina , Uruguay , Paraguay , southern Chile , eastern Bolivia and Brazil and also Syria and Lebanon .


Yerba mate contains three xanthines : caffeine , theobromine and theophylline , the main one being caffeine .

Mate contains xanthines , which are alkaloids in the same family as caffeine , theophylline , and theobromine , well-known stimulants also found in coffee and chocolate .


Mate batido is more popular in the coastal cities of Brazil , as opposed to the far southern states , where it is consumed in the traditional way ( green , consumed with a silver straw from a shared gourd ) , and called chimarrão .

It is more popular in the coastal cities of Brazil , as opposed to the far southern states where it is consumed in the traditional way ( green , drunk with a silver straw from a shared gourd ) .


The fruit is a red drupe 4-6 mm in diameter .

The fruit is a red berry 4-6 mm diameter .


The infusion , called mate in Spanish-speaking countries or chimarrão in south Brazil , is prepared by steeping dry leaves ( and twigs ) of the mate plant in hot water rather than in boiling water .

The infusion called mate is prepared by steeping dry leaves ( and twigs ) of yerba mate in hot water , rather than boiling water like black tea or coffee .


The leaves are evergreen , 7-11 cm long and 3-5 .5 cm wide , with a serrated margin .

The leaves are evergreen , 7-11 cm long and 3-5 .5 cm wide .


Caffeine content varies between 0.7 % and 1.7 % of dry weight ( compared with 0.4 - 9.3 % for tea leaves , 2.5-7 .6 % in guarana , and up to 3.2 % for ground coffee ) ; theobromine content varies from 0.3 % to 0.9 % ; theophylline is present in small quantities , or can be completely absent .

Caffeine content varies between 0.3 % and 1.7 % of dry weight ( compare this to 2.5-4 .5 % for tea leaves , and 1.5 % for ground coffee ) .


The film was based on three of the books , but several storylines were changed and characters were removed and added .

The movie was based on three of the books , but several storylines were changed and characters were removed and added .


The production was a Swedish-West German co-production and several German actors had roles in the series .

Several German actors had roles in the series .


She has four best friends : two animals ( her horse and a monkey ) and two humans , the neighbor 's children Tommy and Annika .

She has four best friends : her horse , a monkey , and the neighbor 's children Tommy and Annika .


In 1985 , Carrie Kei Heim played the title role in the 2-part ABC Weekend Special , entitled Pippi Longstocking .

In 1985 , Carrie Kei Heim played Pippi in the ABC Weekend Special called Pippi Longstocking .


An American feature film version from Columbia Pictures was released in 1988 , directed by British veteran director Ken Annakin , starring Tami Erin as Pippi with Eileen Brennan , Dennis Dugan , John Schuck and Dick Van Patten in supporting roles .

It starring Tami Erin as Pippi with Eileen Brennan , Dennis Dugan , John Schuck and Dick Van Patten in supporting roles .


A Mosfilm television film version , Peppi Dlinnyychulok , was released in 1984 .

A television movie version , Peppi Dlinnyychulok , was released in 1982 by Mosfilm .


Pippi 's character was played by Viveca Serlachius , who as Pippi made 10 other movies between 1944 and 1954 .

Pippi 's character was played by Viveca Serlachius .


She is the daughter of a buccaneer captain and as such has adventurous stories to tell .

She is the daughter of a pirate captain and has adventurous tales to tell .


Pippi Longstocking ( Swedish Pippi Långstrump ) is a fictional character in a series of children 's books by Swedish author Astrid Lindgren , and adapted into multiple films and television series .

Pippi Longstocking ( Swedish : Pippi Långstrump ) is a fictional character who originally appeared in a series of children 's books by Swedish author Astrid Lindgren .


As Astrid Lindgren was unhappy with the 1949 adaptation , she wrote the script herself for this version .

Astrid Lindgren had been unhappy with the 1949 adaptation .


A Swedish Pippi Longstocking television series was created based on the books in 1968 .

A Swedish television series , Pippi Longstocking , was created in 1968 .


Pippi was named by Lindgren 's then nine-year-old daughter , Karin , who requested a get-well story from her mother one day when she was home sick from school .

She was named by Lindgren 's daughter Karin , who was nine years old at the time .


The first movie adaptation of Pippi Longstocking was filmed in 1949 .

There are three full-length Pippi Longstocking books : There were three original picture books that were translated into English : There are many picture books and short books based on parts of chapters from the original three , including : The first movie about Pippi Longstocking was filmed in 1949 .


In 1961 the American children 's anthology TV series Shirley Temple 's Storybook ( hosted by Shirley Temple ) included an adaptation of Pippi Longstocking , Episode 2-15 , aired on January 8 .

In 1961 , the NBC children 's television series Shirley Temple 's Storybook showed an episode about Pippi Longstocking .


She frequently mocks and dupes adults she encounters , an attitude likely to appeal to young readers ; however , Pippi usually reserves her worst behavior for the most pompous and condescending of adults .

She often mocks and tricks adults she encounters ; she usually reserves her worst behavior for the most condescending adults .


This version is the most well-known version in Sweden and has been repeated numerous times by SR\/SVT .

This version is the most well-known version in Sweden and other European countries .


There is marked sexual dimorphism in this species .

There is some sexual dimorphism in this species .


The Meadow Brown , Maniola jurtina , is a butterfly found in the Palearctic ecozone .

The Meadow Brown , Maniola jurtina , is a butterfly found in European meadows , where its larvae feed on grasses .


The first poster consisted of bulls of `` Valparaíso '' for Alfredo Leal , Daniel `` Matatoba '' Santiago , Manuel Benítez `` El Cordobés '' and the Venezuelan Lucio Requena .

The first poster was composed by bulls of `` Valparaíso '' for Alfredo Leal , Daniel `` Matatoba '' Santiago , Manuel Benítez `` El Cordobés '' and the Venezuelan Lucio Requena .


For the bullfighting , César Faraco , Manuel Benítez `` El Cordobés '' , Francisco Rivera `` Paquirri '' , Julio Aparicio , Curro Girón , Paco Camino and the mounted bullfighter , Juan Cañedo , who is of Mexican origin , fought the bulls of Félix Rodríguez , `` Achury Vejo '' and `` Ambaló '' , who all originated in the country of Colombia .

For the bullfighting , César Faraco , Manuel Benítez `` El Cordobés '' , Francisco Rivera `` Paquirri '' , Julio Aparicio , Curro Girón , Paco Camino and the mounted bullfighter , Juan Cañedo , who is of Mexican origin , and fought bulls of Félix Rodríguez , `` Achury Vejo '' and `` Ambaló '' who all originated in the country of Colombia .


Since then , the fair has developed into one of the most important fairs of Venezuela , as well as the taurine world .

At the end , the fair has transformed into one of the most important fairs of Venezuela and , also , the taurine world .


A stupendous closing was fought by `` Dosgutiérrez '' , Alfredo Leal , Curro Girón and Pepe Cáceres .

Was fought a stupendous closing of `` Dosgutiérrez '' and acted Alfredo Leal , Curro Girón and Pepe Cáceres .


In December 1968 , the fair was n't celebrated , though bullfighting did occur on 13 April 1968 on the occasion of Holy Saturday .

In 1968 , the fair was not celebrated , but a bullfighting occurred on 13 April 1968 in coincidence of the Holy Saturday .


Then it was decided to celebrate these fairs so that they coincided with the carnivals already known as Feria del Sol ; thus in 1969 the first bullfighting carnival took place with three run of bulls , on 15-17 February .

Then , decided celebrate the fairs so that they coincided with the carnivals under the name of Feria del Sol and like this was as in 1969 celebrated the first fair with three run of bulls the days 15 , 16 and 17 February of said year .


The fair of the `` Immaculate '' was celebrated in 1990 , 1991 , and 1997 , but with very little acceptance .

Regarding the fair of the `` Immaculate '' which , has celebrated in these years , 1990 , 1991 , and 1997 but with very little acceptance .


Therefore , a group of amateurs got the idea to build a Plaza de Toros ( Plaza of Bulls ) , so that Mérida had a taurine calendar and a fair counted among the most important of the country .

Therefore , a group of amateurs had the idea to build a Plaza de Toros , so that Mérida had a taurine calendar and was added to the most important fairs of the country , which already had a peak imponente in all the national territories .


Heavy rainfall impeded the first run , resulting in two runs being held on the second day : one in the morning hours and the other during the afternoon ; it was the first time this had happened in the same arena in Venezuela .

For the first run , heavy rainfall prevented the inauguration , which resulted in two runs , which had to be held on the second day : one in the morning hours and the other during the afternoon , which was , the first time this had happened in a same square , in the same day in Venezuela .