She had six children from her marriage to her first husband , Sherwood Anderson Diller .

She had six children with her first husband .


Diller was born Phyllis Ada Driver in Lima , Ohio on July 17 , 1917 , the only child of Frances Ada ( née Romshe ; January 12 , 1881 - January 26 , 1949 ) and Perry Marcus Driver ( June 13 , 1862 - August 12 , 1948 ) , an insurance agent .

Diller was born on July 17 , 1917 in Lima , Ohio .


as Arnold 's grandpa 's sister Mitzi , The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron : Boy Genius ( 2002 ) as Jimmy 's grandmother , and on Family Guy in 2006 as Peter Griffin 's mother , Thelma Griffin .

, and as Peter Griffin 's mother in Family Guy .


Phyllis Ada Driver ( July 17 , 1917 - August 20 , 2012 ) , better known as Phyllis Diller , was an American stand-up comedienne , actress , and voice artist , best known for her eccentric stage persona and her wild hair and clothes .

Phyllis Ada Driver ( July 17 , 1917 - August 20 , 2012 ) was an American voice , movie and stage actress and comedian who makes self deprecating jokes about her age and her terrible cooking .


France has won an additional 94 medals at the Winter Olympic Games , mostly in alpine skiing .

France has won 94 medals at the Winter Olympic Games .


French athletes have won 671 medals at the Summer Olympic Games , with fencing and cycling as the top medal-producing sports .

France has hosted the Games 5 time : French athletes have won 671 medals at the Summer Olympic Games .


Coordinates : 55 ° 47 ′ 31 ″ N 3 ° 58 ′ 03 ″ W \ / 55.792017 ° N 3.967524 ° W \ / 55.792017 ; -3.967524 Ravenscraig is an area of land located in North Lanarkshire , Scotland , due to become a small town .

Coordinates : 55 ° 47 ′ 31 ″ N 3 ° 58 ′ 03 ″ W \ / 55.792017 ° N 3.967524 ° W \ / 55.792017 ; -3.967524 Ravenscraig is an area of land in North Lanarkshire , Scotland .


Located in North Lanarkshire , Ravenscraig lies between the towns of Wishaw and Motherwell , who together house a population of over 60,000 .

Located in North Lanarkshire , Ravenscraig is between the towns of Wishaw and Motherwell , who house a population of over 60,000 .


The new # 29million sports complex ( completed October 2010 ) will be used as training camps for the 2012 London Olympics and the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow .

It is hoped that the # 29million sports complex will be used as a training camp for the 2012 London Olympics and the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow .


Ravenscraig is only some ten minutes drive from both the M74 and the M8 motorways , which lead to Glasgow and Edinburgh - Scotland 's two largest cities - respectively .

Ravenscraig lies only a few minutes drive from both the M74 and the M8 motorways which lead to Glasgow and Edinburgh , Scotland 's two biggest cities .


In 1954 the first stages of development began in Ravenscraig turning a green field into a site for steelworks .

In 1954 , Colvilles began the first stages of development in Ravenscraig , that turned Ravenscraig from an empty field into a site for steelworks .


After many years of planning , Ravenscraig will be ` regenerated ' and rebuilt by three equal shareholders : Wilson Bowden Developments Ltd , Scottish Enterprise and Corus .

After many years of planning , Ravenscraig will be rebuilt by three equal companies : Wilson Bowden Developments Ltd , Scottish Enterprise and Corus and will be one of the largest regenerations in Europe , with 400 acres being developed .


Ravenscraig is now in the process of a major redevelopment by Wilson Bowden Developments Ltd , Scottish Enterprise and Tata Steel Europe .

Ravenscraig is now at the start of a big redevelopment by Wilson Bowden Developments Ltd , Scottish Enterprise and Corus , to create a full new town .


There will be a new transport interchange within walking distance of the new town center offering bus services to Glasgow and Lanark .

There will be new transport within walking distance of the new town center , with buses going to Glasgow , Lanark and many other towns .


Some benefits of note that may well attract people from a wider area will include the following : The local Scottish Premier League football team , Motherwell Football Club is one of the possible purchasers of the site for a new stadium , leaving behind their home of 113 years , Fir Park .

Local press have said that the Scottish Premier League football team , Motherwell Football Club could buy some land in Ravenscraig to build a new football stadium , leaving behind their home of 113 years , Fir Park .


In its current state , Ravenscraig is one of the largest derelict sites in Europe measuring over 1,125 acres ( 4.55 km2 ) in size , an area equivalent to 700 football pitches or twice the size of Monaco .

In its current state , Ravenscraig is one of the largest derelict sites in Europe measuring over 1125 acres in size .


As part of the regeneration , the transport links to Ravenscraig will be greatly improved .

As part of the changes , the transport to Ravenscraig will get better .


Paul Larudee , a 64-year-old former linguistics professor from El Cerrito , California on board the Sfendoni , was beaten and tased according to his family , who said that Israeli consular officials informed them that Larudee , a pacifist , was beaten after refusing to follow the orders of troops .

Paul Larudee , a 64-year-old former language professor from El Cerrito , California on board the Sfendoni , was beaten and tased according to his family by the US Consul General and his lawyers ; his family has reported that Israeli consular officials informed them that Larudee , a pacifist , was beaten after not to follow the orders of troops .


First mate Shane Dillon reported that Israeli troops broke the nose of a Belgian woman and beat another passenger .

Crewman Shane Dillon reported that Israeli troops used stun guns , broke the nose of a Belgian woman among them , and beat another passenger .


Activist Huwaida Arraf reported that Israeli troops confiscated communication equipment , cameras and memory cards .

Activist Huwaida Arraf reported that once on board the Challenger One , Israeli troops seized all communication equipment , cameras , mobile phones , radios and memory cards from activists .


The commandos reached the bridge after thirty minutes , and took command .

The commandos reached the bridge and took over the ship after 30 minutes .


Activist Huwaida Arraf reported that Israeli soldiers attacked those who tried to block them with kicks , tasers , and concussion grenades , and that some people were beaten so severely that they had to be hospitalized .

Huwaida Arraf , an American activist who was on the Challenger One reported that Israeli soldiers attacked any one who tried to block them from taking over the vessel with kicks , tasers , and stun grenades .


Australian photojournalist Kate Geraghty was tasered while attempting to photograph the raid .

Australian photojournalist Kate Geraghty was attacked and tasered by Israeli troops aboard the Challenger One , while attempting to photograph the raid .


Retired diplomat Edward Peck , who was on board the Sfendoni , said that the commandos were well-trained , and behaved reasonably well .

Former UK diplomat Ed Peck , who was on board the ship Sfendoni , said that the Israelite troopers were well-trained , and behaved well .


The Challenger 1 accelerated its course in an attempt to allow journalists on board to broadcast their photos of the ongoing raid .

The ship Challenger One sped up along its course in an attempt to allow journalists to take their photos of the ongoing raid .


The commandos were ordered to use live fire .

An Israeli commando said that there was live fire at some point against them from below deck .


The operation , code named Operation Sea Breeze or Operation Sky Winds was an attempt to block the Free Gaza Movement 's ninth attempt to break the naval blockade imposed by Israel on the Gaza Strip .

The Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip was said to be a safety measure by Israel , but the Free Gaza Movement are opposed .


He was Chancellor of West Germany from 1 December 1966 until 21 October 1969 .

From 1966 to 1969 , he was chancellor of West Germany .


During this period , a couple is said to be betrothed , affianced , engaged to be married , or simply engaged .

During this time , a couple is said to be affianced , engaged to be married , or simply engaged .


An engagement or betrothal is a promise to wed , and also the period of time between a marriage proposal and a marriage-which may be lengthy or trivial .

Engagement can mean : An engagement is an agreement or promise to marry , and also refers to the time between proposal and marriage .


This marriage was looked upon favorably by the Holy See and effectively meant the conclusion of the diplomatic disagreement Charles and the See had had .

This marriage was looked upon favourably by the Holy See and effectively meant the conclusion of the diplomatic disagreement Charles and the See had had .


In 1737 Maria Amalia became engaged to Charles , King of Naples and Sicily , the future Charles III of Spain .

In 1737 Maria Amalia became engaged to the King of Naples and Sicily , the future Charles III of Spain .


At the end of 1758 , Charles ' half brother Ferdinand VI was displaying the same symptoms of depression from which their father used to suffer .

At the end of 1758 , Charles ' half brother Ferdinand VI was displaying the same symptoms of depression that his their father used to suffer from .


Charles and his consort arrived in Barcelona on 7 October 1759 .

Charles and his wife arrived in Barcelona on 7 October 1759 .


Maria Amalia was also a patron of the composer Gian Francesco Fortunati , a favorite at the Neapolitan court .

Maria Amalia was also a patron of the composer Gian Francesco Fortunati who was a favorite at the Neapolitan court .


The marriage date was confirmed on 31 October 1737 .

The marriage was confirmed on 31 October 1737 .


Ferdinand lost his devoted wife , Infanta Barbara of Portugal in August 1758 and would fall into deep mourning for her .

Ferdinand lost his devoted wife , Barbara of Portugal in August 1758 and would fall into deep morning for her .


The infant was baptised with the names Maria Amalia Christina Franziska Xaveria Flora Walburga , but known as Maria Amalia .

She was one of 15 children and was baptised with the names Maria Amalia Christina Franziska Xaveria Flora Walburga .


She was born at Dresden Castle in Dresden , the daughter of Augustus III of Poland , Elector of Saxony and Maria Josepha of Austria , herself daughter of Joseph I , Holy Roman Emperor .

She was born at Dresden Castle in Dresden and was the eldest surviving the daughter of Frederick Augustus II , Elector of Saxony and Maria Josepha of Austria .


Her third-surviving son became Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies , while his elder brother Carlos was groomed in Spain to inherit the Spanish crown ; their oldest brother , Infante Felipe , Duke of Calabria was mentally retarded and was thus taken out of the line of succession to any throne ; he died quietly and forgotten in Portici where he had been born in 1747 .

Her third son became Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies , while his elder brother Infante Charles was groomed in Spain to inherit the Spanish crown .


In 8 May 1738 , Maria Amalia had a proxy ceremony at Dresden with her brother , Frederick Christian of Saxony , representing Charles .

The following year , 1738 , at the age of 14 , Maria Amalia married King Charles , on 19 June at Gaeta , a proxy wedding having taken place in May the same year with her brother , Frederick Christian of Saxony representing Charles .


Maria Amalia once again did much to improve the royal residences having them redecorated .

Residing in Spain , Maria Amalia once again did much to improve the royal residences having them redecorated and founded another porcelain factory at `` Buen Retiro '' .


Maria Amalia was very cultivated and played an important role in the construction of Caserta Palace , for which she saw her husband lay the foundation stone for on his 26th birthday , 20 January 1752 amid much festivity ; she also had much influence in the construction of the Palace of Portici ( Reggia di Portici ) , the Teatro di San Carlo - constructed in just 270 days - the Palace of Capodimonte ( Reggia di Capodimonte ) ; her husband also had the Royal Palace of Naples renovated .

Maria Amalia was a very cultivated woman and played an important role in the construction of the Caserta Palace as well as the Palace of Portici , Teatro di San Carlo , Palace of Capodimonte as well as the Royal Palace of Naples .


Maria Amalia of Saxony ( Maria Amalia Christina Franziska Xaveria Flora Walburga ; 24 November 1724 - 27 September 1760 ) was a German princess from the House of Wettin and the wife of Charles III of Spain ; she was the Queen consort of Naples and Sicily from 1738 till 1759 and then Queen consort of Spain from 1759 until her death in 1760 .

Maria Amalia of Saxony ( 24 November 1724 - 27 September 1760 ) was a Duchess of Saxony of the House of Wettin and wife of Charles III of Spain .


He got out to hand-crank the engine , but forgot to set the parking brake .

He got out to hand-crank the engine , but forgot to put the brake on .


Angela Isadora Duncan ( May 27 , 1877 - September 14 , 1927 ) was an American dancer .


According to dispatches from Nice , Miss Duncan was hurled in an extraordinary manner from an open automobile in which she was riding and instantly killed by the force of her fall to the stone pavement . ''

According to dispatches from Nice , Miss Duncan was hurled in an extraordinary manner from an open automobile in which she was riding and instantly killed '' .


Born in California , she lived in Western Europe and the Soviet Union from the age of 22 until her death at age 50 .

Born in the United States , she lived in Europe from the age of 22 until her death at age 50 .


Both children died in an accident on the Seine River on April 19 , 1913 .

Both her children were killed in a strange accident on the River Seine in 1913 .


- `` Goodbye my friends , I go to glory ! ''


The driver stalled the car while attempting to avoid a collision with another car .

The children were in a car with their nanny when the car stalled as the driver tried to avoid a collision .


Operators may choose to control all riders , allowing sale of the ticket at the time of ride .

Operators may choose to control all passengers , allowing sale of the ticket at the time of ride .


In addition to return tickets , this includes period cards allowing travel within a certain area ( for instance month cards ) , or during a given number of days that can be chosen within a longer period of time ( for instance eight days within a month ) .

It also includes period cards allowing travel within a certain area ( for instance month cards ) , or during a given number of days that can be chosen within a longer period of time ( for instance eight days within a month ) .


Tickets may be valid for a single ( or return ) trip , or valid within a certain area for a period of time ( see transit pass ) .

Tickets may be valid for a single ( or return ) trip , or valid within a certain area for a period of time .


Passengers may be issued with a paper ticket , a metal or plastic token , or an electronic card ( smart card , contactless smart card ) .

Tickets can be paper ticket , metal or plastic tokens , or an electronic card ( smart card , contactless smart card ) .


Passes aimed at tourists , allowing free or discounted entry at many tourist attractions , typically include zero-fare public transport within the city .

Some transit systems sell tickets ( passes ) aimed at tourists that allow free or discounted entry at many tourist attractions , typically include zero-fare public transport within a city .


Period tickets may be for a particular route ( in both directions ) , or for a whole network .

Period tickets may be for a particular journey ( in both directions ) , or for a whole network .


The tickets may have to be shown or checked automatically at the station platform or when boarding , or during the ride by a conductor .

The tickets may have to be shown or checked automatically at the station platform or when going onto the system , or during the ride by a conductor .


Zero-fare public transport services are funded in full by means other than collecting a fare from passengers , normally through heavy subsidy or commercial sponsorship by businesses .

Free or Zero-fare public transport services are funded in full by means other than collecting a fare from passengers .


Multi-use tickets allow travel more than once .

Multi-use tickets allow a passenger to travel more than once .


The fare is based on the travel class , either depending on the traveled distance , or based on zone pricing .

The fare ( price of the ticket ) is based on the travel class , either based on the traveled distance , or on a zone pricing .


Sometimes a ticket has to be validated , e.g. a paper ticket has to be stamped , or an electronic ticket has to be checked in .

Sometimes , a ticket has to be validated ( marking the time of the ticket 's use ) .


Alternatively , a proof-of-payment system allows riders to enter the vehicles without showing the ticket , but riders may or may not be controlled by a ticket controller ; if the rider fails to show proof of payment , the operator may fine the rider at the magnitude of the fare .

Alternatively , a proof-of-payment system allows passengers to enter the vehicles without showing the ticket .


Public transport modes include buses , trolleybuses , trams and trains , rapid transit ( metro\/subways\/undergrounds etc ) and ferries .

The main types of public transport are buses , trolleybuses , trams and trains .


A free travel pass allowing free and unlimited travel within a system is sometimes granted to particular social sectors , for example students , elderly , children , employees ( job ticket ) and the physically or mentally disabled .

A free travel pass allows free and unlimited travel within a system .


Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( \ / ˈsɔrən ˈkɪərkəɡɑrd \ / or \ / ˈkɪərkəɡɔr \ / ; Danish : ( ˈsɶːɐn ˈkiɐ̯ɡəɡɒːˀ ) ( listen ) ) ( 5 May 1813 - 11 November 1855 ) was a Danish philosopher , theologian , poet , social critic , and religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher .

Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( 5 May 1813 - 11 November 1855 ) , was a 19th century Danish philosopher and theologian , and is usually thought of as the first existentialist philosopher .


It was hosted by Hungary , between January 19 and January 30 , 2010 , in two venues located in Budapest ( Papp László Sportaréna ) and Debrecen ( Főnix Arena ) .

One was in Budapest ( Papp László Sportaréna ) and one in Debrecen ( Főnix Arena ) .


Thirty-eight nations took part in the qualifying round , with hosts Hungary automatically qualified for the expanded 12-team final tournament .

Thirty-eight nations took part in the qualifying round .


For the first time , twelve teams competed in the final round , after a qualifying phase where eleven teams managed to join the Hungarian hosts .

For the first time , twelve teams were in the final round .


In a 1999 BBC poll Bagpuss was voted the most popular children 's television program of all time .

In a 1999 poll , Bagpuss was voted the most popular children 's television program of all time .


Postgate was born in Hendon , Middlesex , England .

He was born in Hendon , Middlesex , England .


In 1987 the University of Kent at Canterbury awarded an honorary degree to Postgate , who stated that the degree was really intended for Bagpuss , who was subsequently displayed in academic dress .

In 1987 the University of Kent at Canterbury awarded an honorary degree to Postgate .


Oliver Postgate ( 12 April 1925 - 8 December 2008 ) was an English animator , puppeteer and writer .

Oliver Postgate ( born Hendon , Middlesex , England , 12 April 1925 died Broadstairs , Kent , 8 December 2008 ) was an English animator , puppeteer and writer .


Postgate wrote Alexander the Mouse , a story about a mouse born to be king .

Postgate thought he could make better programs than the ones he was working on , so he created Alexander the Mouse , a story about a mouse that was born to be king .


Pingwings , Pogles ' Wood , Noggin the Nog , Ivor the Engine , Clangers and Bagpuss , were all made by Smallfilms , the company he set up with Peter Firmin , and were shown on the BBC between the 1950s and the 1980s , and on ITV from 1959 to the present day .

They were all made by Smallfilms , the company he set up with Peter Firmin .


Within the Church , he became Archbishop of York , the second most important seat in England , and then was made a cardinal in 1515 , giving him precedence , even over the Archbishop of Canterbury .


In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows , Harry , Ron , and Hermione leave Hogwarts to complete Dumbledore 's task : to search for and destroy Voldemort 's remaining four Horcruxes , then find and kill the Dark Lord .

In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows , Harry , Ron and Hermione leave Hogwarts to complete Dumbledore 's task : to search for and destroy Voldemort 's remaining four Horcruxes , and then find and kill the Dark Lord .


Tension mounts , however , when Harry is mysteriously chosen by the Goblet of Fire to compete in the dangerous Triwizard Tournament , even though another Hogwarts champion , Cedric Diggory , has already been selected .

Tension mounts , however , when Harry is mysteriously chosen by the Goblet of Fire to compete in the dangerous Triwizard Tournament , even though another Hogwarts champion , Cedric Diggory , was already selected .


The spirits briefly protect Harry as he escapes to Hogwarts with Cedric 's body .

The spirits shortly protect Harry as he escapes to Hogwarts with Cedric 's body .


Through private meetings with Dumbledore , Harry learns about Voldemort 's orphaned youth , his rise to power , and how he splintered his soul into Horcruxes to achieve immortality .

Through private meetings with Dumbledore , Harry learns about Lord Voldemort 's orphaned youth , his rise to power , and how he splintered his soul into Horcruxes to achieve immortality .


Her favorite funny scene is when Harry inadvertently sets a boa constrictor free from the zoo in the horrified Dursleys ' presence .

Her favorite funny scene is when Harry accidentally sets a boa constrictor free from the zoo in the horrified Dursleys ' presence .


However , she explains , `` He is also in an extreme situation and attempting to defend somebody very good against a violent and murderous opponent . ''

However , she explains that , `` He is also in an extreme situation and attempting to defend somebody very good against a violent and murderous opponent '' .


Rowling also made an intimate statement about Harry 's personal life : `` Because of the demands of the adventure that Harry is following , he has had less sexual experience than boys of his age might have had . ''

Rowling also made an intimate statement about Harry 's personal life : `` Because of the demands of the adventure that Harry is following , he has had less sexual experience than boys of his age might have had '' .


When Sirius escapes to find Harry , Harry and Hermione use a Time Turner to save him and a hippogriff named Buckbeak .

When Black escapes to find revenge , Harry and Hermione use a Time Turner to save him and a hippogriff named Buckbeak .


When Voldemort murdered the Potters , a grieving Snape vowed to protect Lily 's child , although he loathed young Harry for being James Potter 's son .

When Voldemort killed the Potters , a grieving Snape vowed to protect Lily 's child , although he loathed young Harry for being James Potter 's son .


She added that preventing Cedric 's body from falling into Voldemort 's hands is based on the classic scene in the Iliad where Achilles retrieves the body of his best friend Patroclus from the hands of Hector .

She added that preventing Cedric Diggory 's body from falling into Voldemort 's hands is based on the classic scene in the Iliad where Achilles finds the body of his best friend Patroclus from the hands of Hector .


The book contains many handwritten notes , revisions , and new spells ; Hermione , however , believes Harry 's use of it is cheating .

The book contains many handwritten notes , revisions , and new spells ; Hermione , however , believes Harry using it is cheating .


And for some mysterious reason , the curse did n't work on Harry .

And - so - but for some mysterious reason , the curse did n't work on Harry .


Harry first appears in Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone ( published in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer 's Stone ) .

Harry first appears in Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone ( published in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer 's Stone ) as the book 's protagonist , or main character .


For Rowling , this scene is important because it shows Harry 's bravery , and by retrieving Cedric 's corpse , he demonstrates selflessness and compassion .

For Rowling , this scene is important because it shows how Harry is brave , and by finding Cedric 's corpse , he demonstrates selflessness and compassion .


Harry suddenly excels in Potions , using an old textbook once belonging to a talented student known only as `` The Half-Blood Prince . ''

Harry excels in Potions by using an old textbook once belonging to a talented student known only as , `` The Half-Blood Prince . ''


In Chapter 33 ( `` The Prince 's Tale '' ) Snape 's memories reveal that he loved Harry 's mother , Lily Evans , but their friendship ended over his association with future Death Eaters and his `` blood purity '' beliefs .

In Chapter 33 ( `` The Prince 's Tale '' ) Snape 's memories show that he loved Harry 's mother Lily Evans , but their friendship ended over his association with future Death Eaters and `` blood purity '' beliefs .


Because the paranoid Ministry suspects that Dumbledore is building a wizard army to overthrow them , Umbridge refuses to teach students real defensive magic .

Because the paranoid Ministry thinks that Dumbledore is building a wizard army to overthrow them , Umbridge decides not to teach students real defensive magic .


Harry James Potter is the title character of J. K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series .

Harry James Potter is the main character and the main protagonist of J. K. Rowling 's Harry Potter fantasy series .


However , J. K. Rowling said the difference between Harry and Voldemort is that Harry willingly accepts mortality , making him stronger than his nemesis .

J.K. Rowling said , the difference between Harry and Voldemort is that Harry willingly accepts mortality , making him stronger than his nemesis .


On his eleventh birthday , Harry learns he is a wizard when Rubeus Hagrid arrives to tell him that he is to attend Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry .

On his eleventh birthday , Harry finds that he is a wizard when Rubeus Hagrid tells him that he is to go Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry .


In a 1999 interview , Rowling stated that Draco is based on several prototypical schoolyard bullies she encountered and Snape on a sadistic teacher of hers who abused his power .

In a 1999 interview , Rowling stated that Draco is based on several schoolyard bullies she had known and Snape on a teacher of hers who abused his power .


Rowling has stated that the Mirror of Erised chapter in Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone is her favorite ; the mirror reflects Harry 's deepest desire , namely to see his dead parents .

Rowling has said that the Mirror of Erised chapter in Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone is her favorite .


In the second book , Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets , Rowling pits Harry against Tom Marvolo Riddle , Lord Voldemort 's `` memory '' within a secret diary which has possessed Ron 's younger sister Ginny Weasley .

In the second book , Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets , Rowling pits Harry against Tom Marvolo Riddle , a memory of Lord Voldemort locked up in a secret diary that Ron 's younger sister Ginny Weasley finds in a bathroom .


A new character appears when former Hogwarts Potions master Horace Slughorn replaces Snape , who assumes the Defense Against the Dark Arts post .

A new character appears when former Hogwarts Potions master Horace Slughorn returns to replace Severus Snape , who takes over the Defense Against the Dark Arts post .


According to Rowling , the idea for both the Harry Potter books and its eponymous character came while waiting for a delayed train from Manchester to London in 1990 .

According to author J. K. Rowling , the idea for both the Harry Potter books and the character came while waiting for a delayed train from Manchester to London in 1990 .


She explained in a 1999 interview with The Guardian : `` Harry had to be an orphan - so that he 's a free agent , with no fear of letting down his parents , disappointing them ... Hogwarts has to be a boarding school - half the important stuff happens at night !

She explained , `` Harry HAD to be an orphan - so that he 's a free agent , with no fear of letting down his parents , disappointing them ... Hogwarts HAS to be a boarding school - half the important stuff happens at night !


Harry 's developing maturity becomes apparent when he becomes romantically interested in Cho Chang , a student in Ravenclaw house .

Harry 's developing maturity becomes apparent when he becomes interested in Cho Chang , a pretty Ravenclaw student .


She stated that her idea for `` this scrawny , black-haired , bespectacled boy who did n't know he was a wizard became more and more real to me '' .

J.K. Rowling said that in the hours she waited , her idea for `` this scrawny , black-haired , bespectacled boy who did n't know he was a wizard became more and more real to me . ''


To defeat Harry , Voldemort steals the most powerful wand ever created , the Elder Wand , from Dumbledore 's tomb and twice casts the Killing Curse on Harry with it .

To defeat Harry , Voldemort steals the Elder Wand from Dumbledore 's tomb .


He also forms a rivalry with characters Draco Malfoy , a classmate from an elitist wizarding family , and the cold , condescending Potions master , Severus Snape , Draco 's mentor and the head of Slytherin House .

He also forms rivalries with characters Draco Malfoy , a classmate from an elitist wizard family , and the Potions teacher and head of Slytherin House , Severus Snape .


As a result , Harry 's increasingly angry and erratic behavior nearly estranges him from Ron and Hermione .

As a result , Harry 's growing angry and erratic behavior nearly estranges him from Ron and Hermione .


This inexperience with romance was a factor in Harry 's failed relationship with Cho .

This inexperience with romance was a factor in Harry 's failed relationship with Cho Chang .


According to Rowling , fleshing out this back story was a matter of reverse planning : `` The basic idea ( is that ) Harry ... did n't know he was a wizard ... and so then I kind of worked backwards from that position to find out how that could be , that he would n't know what he was ... That 's ... When he was one year old , the most evil wizard for hundreds and hundreds of years attempted to kill him .

Rowling has said that creating the story about Harry Potter 's past was a matter of reverse planning : `` The basic idea ( is that ) Harry ... did n't know he was a wizard ... and so then I kind of worked backwards from that position to find out how that could be , that he would n't know what he was ... When he was one-year-old , the most evil wizard in hundreds of years attempted to kill him .


Dumbledore , dying from a slow-spreading curse , wanted to protect Snape 's position within the Death Eaters and to spare Draco from completing Voldemort 's task of murdering him .

Dumbledore , who was dying from a slow-spreading curse , wanted to protect Snape 's position within the Death Eaters and spare Draco Malfoy from completing Voldemort 's task to murder him .


During the Tournament 's final challenge , Harry and Cedric are transported to a graveyard , using a portkey , where Cedric is killed by Peter Pettigrew , and Voldemort , aided by Pettigrew , uses Harry 's blood in a gruesome ritual to resurrect his body .

Cedric is killed , and Lord Voldemort , aided by Peter Pettigrew , uses Harry 's blood in a gruesome ritual to resurrect Voldemort 's body .


In the third book , Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban , Rowling uses a time travel premise .

In the third book , called Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban , Rowling uses time travel as the basis for the book .


Now his thoughts concern Ginny , and a vital plot point in the last chapter includes Harry ending their budding romance to protect her from Voldemort .

Now his thoughts concern Ginny Weasley , Ron 's sister , a vital plot point in the last chapter when Harry ends their budding romance to protect her from Voldemort .


Two Horcruxes have been destroyed-the diary and a ring ; and Harry and Dumbledore locate another , although it is a fake .

Two Horcruxes have been destroyed , and Harry and Dumbledore locate another , although it is a fake .


However , she maintained that Harry was not directly based on any real-life person : `` he came just out of a part of me '' .

However , she says , Harry is not directly based on any real-life character , `` he came just out of a part of me '' .


The memories also reveal that Snape did not murder Dumbledore , but carried out Dumbledore 's prearranged plan .

It is also revealed that Snape did not kill Albus Dumbledore , but carried out Dumbledore 's prearranged plan .


The piece of Voldemort 's soul within Harry was destroyed through Voldemort 's first killing curse with the Elder Wand because Harry willingly faced death .

Voldemort 's soul shard within Harry was destroyed because Harry willingly faced death .


Her own mother 's death on 30 December 1990 inspired Rowling to write Harry Potter as a boy longing for his dead parents , his anguish becoming `` much deeper , much more real '' than in earlier drafts because she related to it herself .

The death of her mother on December 30 , 1990 led Rowling to write Harry Potter as a boy longing for his dead parents .


When he is sorted into Gryffindor House , he becomes fast friends with classmates Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger , and foils Voldemort 's attempt to steal the Philosopher 's Stone .

He is sorted into Gryffindor House by the Sorting Hat and becomes friends with classmates Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger .


Voldemort uses the Tournament for elaborate scheme to lure Harry into a deadly trap .

It is actually an elaborate scheme by Lord Voldemort to lure Harry into a deadly trap .


When Voldemort kills Snape later in the story , Harry realizes that Snape was not the traitorous murderer he believed him to be , but a tragic antihero who was loyal to Dumbledore .

When Severus Snape is killed by Voldemort later in the story , Harry realizes that Snape was not the traitorous murderer he believed him to be , but a tragic anti-hero who was loyal to Albus Dumbledore .


The three pit themselves against Voldemort 's newly formed totalitarian police state , an action that tests Harry 's courage and moral character .

The three put themselves against Voldemort 's newly formed totalitarian police state , an action that tests Harry 's courage and moral character .


Harry suffers another emotional blow , when his beloved godfather , Sirius , is killed during a duel with Sirius ' cousin , the Death Eater Bellatrix Lestrange , at the Department of Mysteries , but Harry ultimately defeats Voldemort 's plan to steal an important prophecy .

Harry suffers another emotional blow , when his godfather , Sirius Black is killed during a battle with Death Eaters at the Department of Mysteries , but Harry ultimately defeats Voldemort 's plan to steal an important prophecy and helps uncover Umbridge 's sinister motives .


In a 2000 interview with The Guardian , Rowling also established that the character of Wart in T. H. White 's novel The Once and Future King is `` Harry 's spiritual ancestor . ''

In a 2000 interview with The Guardian , Rowling also said that the character of Wart in T.H. White 's novel The Sword In the Stone is `` Harry 's spiritual ancestor . ''


The majority of the books ' plot covers seven years in the life of the orphan Potter , who , on his eleventh birthday , learns he is a wizard .

The books cover seven years in the life of the orphan who , on his 11th birthday , learns he is a wizard and the son of magical parents Lily and James Potter .


Dumbledore informs Harry that when Voldemort disembodied himself during his failed attempt to kill Harry as a baby , Harry became an unintentional Horcrux ; Harry could not kill Voldemort while the Dark Lord 's soul shard remained within Harry 's body .

In the chapter `` King 's Cross '' , Dumbledore 's spirit tells Harry that when Voldemort failed to kill baby Harry and disembodied himself , Harry became an unintentional Horcrux ; Voldemort could not kill Harry while the Dark Lord 's soul shard was within Harry 's body .


There he learns about the wizarding world , his parents , and his connection to the Dark Lord .

There he learns about his parents and his connection to the Dark Lord .


The spell fails because Harry , not Voldemort , had become the Elder Wand 's true master and the wand could not harm its own master .

In the next chapter , `` The Flaw in the Plan '' , it is established that Harry , not Voldemort , became the Elder Wand 's true master .


As Snape escapes , he proclaims that he is the Half-Blood Prince .

As Snape escapes , he proclaims that he is the Half-Blood Prince-Harry 's admired mentor is actually his hated enemy .


Harry learns that his parents were betrayed to Voldemort by their friend Peter Pettigrew , who framed Harry 's godfather Sirius Black for the crimes , condemning him to Azkaban , the wizard prison .

Harry learns that his parents were sold out to Lord Voldemort by their friend Peter Pettigrew , also accused of framing Harry 's godfather Sirius Black for crimes he did n't make , locking him up in the wizarding prison , Azkaban .


As a result , Harry is written as an orphan living with his only remaining family , the Dursleys , who are neglectful and abusive .

Harry is written as an orphan living unhappily with his only family left , the cruel Dursleys .


She gradually gains more power , eventually ousting Dumbledore and seizing control of the school .

She gradually gains more power , eventually seizing control of the school .


The first attempt merely stuns Harry into a deathlike state ; the murder attempt fails because Voldemort used Harry 's blood in his resurrection during book four .

Voldemort 's second Killing Curse also fails because Voldemort used Harry 's blood in his resurrection .


Thus , he attends Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to practice magic under the guidance of the kindly headmaster Albus Dumbledore and other school professors .

He goes to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to learn magic .


In the epilogue of Deathly Hallows , which is set 19 years after Voldemort 's death , Harry and Ginny are married and have three children : James Sirius Potter , who has already been at Hogwarts for at least one year , Albus Severus Potter , who is starting his first year there , and Lily Luna Potter , who is two years away from her first year at the school .

In the Deathly Hallows epilogue , set nineteen years after Voldemort 's death ( i.e. 2017 ) , Harry and Ginny are married and have three children : James Sirius , the oldest , Albus Severus , and Lily Luna .


While developing the ideas for her book , she also decided to make Harry an orphan who attended a boarding school called Hogwarts .

Rowling also decided to make Harry an orphan at a boarding school called Hogwarts .


The team had 17 playoff appearances , a 77-82 playoff record , 2 Norris Division championships , and 2 Campbell Conference championships .

The team had 15 playoff appearances , a 77-82 playoff record , 2 Norris Division championships , and 2 Campbell Conference championships .


The North Stars played 2,062 regular season games and made the NHL playoffs 17 times , including two Stanley Cup Finals appearances .

The North Stars played 2,062 regular season games and made the NHL playoffs fifteen times , including two Stanley Cup Finals appearances .


The North Stars played their home games at the Met Center in Bloomington , and the team 's colors for most of its history were green , yellow , gold and white .

The North Stars played their home games at the Met Center in Bloomington , and the team 's colors for most of its history were green , yellow gold and white .


Books he has written include Blaise Pascal : Mathematician , Physicist , and Thinker about God and The Curriers ' Company : A Modern History .

He is the author of Blaise Pascal : Mathematician , Physicist and Thinker about God ( 1995 ) .


Donald Adamson ( born 30 March 1939 ) is a biographer , historian and literary critic .

Dr Donald Adamson ( born 30 March 1939 at Culcheth , Lancashire ) is a British historian , philosophical writer and literary critic .


Under his leadership the Company has also created sixteen annual prizes in mathematics and history for pupils aged 14 to 15 at four London academies .

There are also sixteen annual prizes in mathematics and history .


Despite the term `` ring of steel '' , the roadblocks and chicanes were actually created with concrete blocks , sometimes plastic coated , that were wedged together .

Despite the term ` ring of steel ' , the roadblocks and chicanes are actually created with concrete blocks , sometimes plastic coated , that are wedged together .


These roads typically had a concrete median with a sentry box where police could stand guard and monitor traffic .

These roads have a concrete median with a sentry box where police can stand guard and monitor traffic .


Some roads were closed to traffic entirely .

Some roads have been closed to traffic entirely .


The ring of steel consisted of plastic cones and on-duty police officers which the locals described as the `` ring of plastic '' .

Initially the ring of steel consisted of plastic cones and on duty policemen which the locals described as the ` ring of plastic ' .


City planners call these types of precautions `` fortress urbanism '' .

City planners call these precautions ` fortress urbanism ' .


Roads entering the City were narrowed and small chicanes were created to force drivers to slow down and be recorded by CCTV cameras .

Roads entering the City are narrowed and have small chicanes to force drivers to slow down and be recorded by CCTV cameras .


Initially the sentry posts were staffed by armed police almost continuously .

At this time the sentry posts were guarded by armed police almost continuously .


It served the purpose of providing a visible sign to the public that the City authorities were taking the threats of more attacks by the IRA seriously .

It showed the public that the City authorities were taking seriously the threats by the IRA .


The measures were introduced by Owen Kelly , then the City of London Police commissioner , following the IRA bombing campaign in London in the 1980s and early 1990s including attacks within the City such as the 1992 Baltic Exchange and 1993 Bishopsgate attacks .

The measures were introduced following a massive IRA bombing campaign in the City in the early 1990s such as the 1992 Baltic Exchange bombing and the 1993 Bishopsgate bombing .


Following the September 11 attacks in the United States in 2001 , and a reported increased terrorist threat to the United Kingdom , security was stepped up with occasional spot checks on vehicles entering the cordon , although not to previous levels .

Following the September 11 attacks , and the increased terrorist threats to the United Kingdom , security has been stepped up again .


His orchestral works of this period include Spanish Rhapsody ( 1887 ) and Catalonia ( 1899 ) .

His orchestral works include Spanish Rhapsody ( 1887 ) and Catalonia ( 1899 ) .


In 1900 he started to suffer from Bright 's disease and returned to writing piano music .

In 1900 he started to suffer from Bright 's disease and started to write more piano music .


Between 1905 and 1908 he composed his final masterpiece , Iberia ( 1908 ) , a suite of twelve piano `` impressions '' .

Between 1905 and 1909 he composed his most famous work , Iberia ( 1908 ) , a suite of twelve piano `` impressions '' .


During the 1890s Albéniz lived in London and Paris .

During the 1890s Albéniz lived in London and Paris and wrote mainly theatrical works .


In 1880 , Albéniz went to Budapest to study with Franz Liszt , only to find out that Liszt was in Weimar , Germany .

In 1880 , he went to Budapest wanting to study with Franz Liszt , but Liszt was not there .


By age 15 , he had already given concerts worldwide .

By the age of fifteen , he had already given concerts all over the world .


They had three children : Blanca ( who died in 1886 ) , Laura ( a painter ) , and Alfonso ( who played for Real Madrid in the early 1900s before embarking on a career as a diplomat ) .

They had three children , Blanca ( who died in 1886 ) , Laura ( a painter ) , and Alfonso ( who played for Real Madrid in the early 1900s before becoming a diplomat ) .


Felipe Pedrell inspired Isaac Albéniz to write Spanish music such as the Suite española , Op .

In 1883 , he met the teacher and composer Felipe Pedrell , who inspired him to write Spanish music such as the Suite Española , Op .


At age seven , after apparently taking lessons from Antoine François Marmontel , he passed the entrance examination for piano at the Paris Conservatoire , but he was refused admission because he was believed to be too young .

When he was seven he passed the entrance examination for piano at the Paris Conservatoire , but he was not given a place because they thought he was too young .


In 1876 , after a short stay at the Leipzig Conservatory , he went to study at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels after King Alfonso 's personal secretary , Guillermo Morphy , obtained him a royal grant .

After a short stay at the Leipzig Conservatory , in 1876 he went to study in Brussels .


Albéniz died from his kidney disease on 18 May 1909 at age 48 in Cambo-les-Bains .

Albéniz died on 18th May 1909 at the age of 48 in Cambô-les-Bains and is buried in Barcelona .


After Eliza 's death in 1900 , he moved to Kirk Ireton and later married fellow artist Kate Stevens Smith ( 1871-1964 ) - they set up home in Idridgehay where he died in 1910 .

After Eliza 's death in 1900 , he moved to Kirk Ireton and later married fellow artist Kate Stevens Smith ( 1871-1964 ) - they set up home in Idridgehay , and he died there in 1910 .


Turner was born in Cromford , Derbyshire in England , but then moved to Derby with his family .

Turner was born in Cromford , Derbyshire in England , then moved to Derby with his family .


In 1865 he married Eliza Lakin ( 1837 - 1900 ) , becoming a part-time farmer and raising four children at Walnut farm in Barrow upon Trent .

In 1865 he married Eliza Lakin ( 1837 - 1900 ) , and worked as a part-time farmer raising four children at Walnut farm in Barrow upon Trent .


His son William Lakin Turner ( 1867-1936 ) also became a landscape oil painter of repute .

His son William Lakin Turner ( 1867-1929 ) also became a famous landscape oil painter .


George Turner ( 2 April 1841 - 29 March 1910 ) was an English landscape artist and farmer who has been dubbed `` Derbyshire 's John Constable '' .

George Turner ( 2 April 1841 - 29 Mar 1910 ) was an English landscape artist and farmer .


Turner served on the Art Committee of Derby Art Gallery and both his and his son 's paintings are included in the city 's collection .

Turner was a member of the Art Committee of Derby Art Gallery and the city has both his and his son 's paintings .


Turner was largely self-taught and went on to become a professional painter and art teacher .

Turner made progress mainly by himself , and became a professional painter and art teacher .


His big break came , however , when he landed the role of Link Larkin in the Broadway production of John Waters ' , Hairspray .

His big break came when he landed the role of Link Larkin in the Broadway production of John Waters ' Hairspray .


Matthew James `` Matt '' Morrison ( born October 30 , 1978 ) is an American actor , dancer , musician , and singer-songwriter .

Matthew James Morrison ( born : October 30 , 1978 in California ) is an American television , movie and musical theater actor .


Jared Drake Bell ( born June 27 , 1986 ) , better known as Drake Bell , is an American actor , musician , singer-songwriter , comedian , television personality , voice actor , record producer , and occasional television director .

Drake Bell ( 27 June 1986 ) is an American actor , singer , director and guitarist .


He performed some Christmas songs in the Merry Christmas , Drake & Josh movie .

In 2008 , Drake played in the movie `` Superhero Movie '' and `` Merry Christmas , Drake & Josh '' .


In 2005 he independently released his debut album , Telegraph .

In September 2005 , he started to sell his first album , Telegraph .


Alexandre Bolduc ( born June 26 , 1985 ) is a Canadian professional ice hockey center who currently plays for the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) .

Alexandre Bolduc ( born June 26 , 1985 in Montreal , Quebec ) is a Canadian professional ice hockey center who currently plays for the Phoenix Coyotes of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) .


On July 2 , 2011 , Bolduc left Vancouver , signing a one-year , two-way contract with the Phoenix Coyotes .

He signed a contract with the Coyotes on July 2 , 2011 .


The coat of arms used by the King and Queen were : Quarterly , I and IV Grandquarterly , Azure three fleurs-de-lis Or ( for France ) and Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or ( for England ) ; II Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules ( for Scotland ) ; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent ( for Ireland ) ; overall an escutcheon Azure billetty a lion rampant Or ( for the House of Orange-Nassau ) .

The arms used by the King and Queen were : Quarterly , I and IV Grandquarterly , Azure three fleurs-de-lis Or ( for France ) and Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or ( for England ) ; II Or a lion rampant within a tressure flory-counter-flory Gules ( for Scotland ) ; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent ( for Ireland ) ; overall an escutcheon Azure billetty and a lion rampant Or ( for the House of Orange-Nassau ) .


In December 1689 , Parliament passed one of the most important constitutional documents in English history , the Bill of Rights .

In December 1689 Parliament passed one of the most important documents in English history .


On 5 March , she was buried at Westminster Abbey .


William , however , would be king even after his wife 's death , and `` the sole and full exercise of the regal power ( would be ) executed by the said Prince of Orange in the names of the said Prince and Princess during their joint lives . ''

But it was added that `` the sole and full exercise of the regal ( royal ) power be only in and executed by the said Prince of Orange in the names of the said Prince and Princess during their joint lives . ''


The Bishop of London , Henry Compton , crowned William and Mary together at Westminster Abbey on 11 April 1689 .

William and Mary were crowned together at Westminster Abbey on 11 April 1689 .


William had crushed the Irish Jacobites by 1692 , but he continued with campaigns abroad in order to wage war against France in the Netherlands .

William had crushed the Irish Jacobites by 1692 , but he continued with campaigns away from England to begin a war against France in the Netherlands .


Mary is portrayed by : The joint style of William III and Mary II was `` William and Mary , by the Grace of God , King and Queen of England , France and Ireland , Defenders of the Faith , etc. '' when they ascended the Throne .

William III and Mary II called themselves `` William and Mary , by the Grace of God , King and Queen of England , France and Ireland , Defenders of the Faith , etc. '' when they began their rule .


William and Mary , both Protestants , became king and queen regnant , respectively , following the Glorious Revolution , which resulted in the deposition of her Roman Catholic father , James II and VII .

She became queen after the Glorious Revolution , which resulted in the deposition of her Roman Catholic father , James II and VII .


The declaration was later extended to exclude not only James and his heirs ( other than Anne ) from the throne , but all Catholics , since `` it hath been found by experience that it is inconsistent with the safety and welfare of this Protestant kingdom to be governed by a papist prince '' .

This was because `` it hath been found ( discovered ) by experience that it is inconsistent ( not in harmony ) with the safety and welfare of this Protestant kingdom to be governed by a papist prince '' .


She proved a firm ruler , ordering the arrest of her own uncle , Henry Hyde , 2nd Earl of Clarendon , for plotting to restore James II to the throne .

She was a firm ruler , and ordered her own uncle , Henry Hyde , 2nd Earl of Clarendon , to go to prison for trying to put James II back onto the throne .


From 11 April 1689-when the Estates of Scotland recognized them as Sovereigns-the royal couple used the style `` William and Mary , by the Grace of God , King and Queen of England , Scotland , France and Ireland , Defenders of the Faith , etc. '' .

From then on , William and Mary called themselves `` William and Mary , by the Grace of God , King and Queen of England , Scotland , France and Ireland , Defenders of the Faith , etc. '' .


Following the death of either William III or Mary II , the other was to continue to reign .

After either William III or Mary II died , the other was to continue to rule .


For the ceremony , composer Henry Purcell wrote Music for the Funeral of Queen Mary .

When she died , Henry Purcell was called to write her funeral music , titled Music for the Funeral of Queen Mary .


After Mary 's recovery and the death of Anne 's baby soon after it was born , Mary did visit her sister , but chose the opportunity to berate Anne for her friendship with Sarah .

After the baby was born , Mary did visit Anne , but she spent her time berating Anne for her friendship with Sarah .


William , who had grown increasingly to rely on Mary , was devastated by her death , and told Burnet that `` from being the happiest '' he was `` now going to be the miserablest creature on earth '' .

It is reported that he said that `` from being the happiest '' he was `` now going to be the miserablest creature on earth '' .


On 30 June , the `` Immortal Seven '' secretly requested William-then in the Netherlands with Mary-to come to England with an army to depose James .

On 30 June , the Immortal Seven secretly asked William , who was in the Netherlands with Mary , to come to England with an army .


After James took the step of forcing Anglican clergymen to read the Declaration of Indulgence-the proclamation granting religious liberty to Catholics and dissenters-from their churches in May 1688 , his popularity plunged further .

In May 1688 , James forced Anglican clergymen to read the Declaration of Indulgence .


Upon the death of Charles II without legitimate issue in February 1685 , the Duke of York became king as James II in England and Ireland and James VII in Scotland .

When Charles II died without any legitimate children in 1685 , the Duke of York became King as James II in England and Ireland .


Popular histories usually refer to their joint reign as that of `` William and Mary '' .

Popular histories usually call their joint reigns as those of `` William and Mary '' .


Mary II ( 30 April 1662 - 28 December 1694 ) was joint Sovereign of England , Scotland , and Ireland with her husband ( who was also her first cousin ) , William III and II , from 1689 until her death .

Mary II ( 30 April 1662 - 28 December 1694 ) was Queen regnant of England , Scotland , and Ireland from 1689 until her death .


Alarm amongst Protestants increased when his wife , Mary of Modena , gave birth to a son-James Francis Edward-in June 1688 , for the son would , unlike Mary and Anne , be raised a Roman Catholic .

Protestants became even more fearful when his wife , Mary of Modena , gave birth to a son-James Francis Edward-in June 1688 .


Last in the line of succession stood any children William III might have had from any subsequent marriage .

Last of all would be any children William III might have had from any marriage after that .


Her mother died in 1671 , and her father remarried in 1673 , taking as his second wife Mary of Modena , a Catholic who was only four years older than Mary .

Mary 's mother died in 1671 , and her father married again in 1673 .


Even after the declaration , there was still substantial support for James in Scotland .

Even after this was declared , there was still strong support for James in Scotland .


The disaffected English Army and Navy went over to William , and on 11 December the defeated King James attempted to flee , but was intercepted .

The English Army and Navy went over to William .


Mary , born at St. James 's Palace in London on 30 April 1662 , was the eldest daughter of James , Duke of York ( the future James II & VII ) , and his first wife , Lady Anne Hyde .

Mary was born at St. James Palace in London on 30 April 1662 .


William and the Dutch army , without Mary who stayed behind in the Netherlands , finally landed on 5 November 1688 , having been turned back by storms in October .

The Dutch army , which had been turned back by a storm in October , landed on 5 November .


The Duke of York converted to Roman Catholicism in 1668 or 1669 , but Mary and Anne were brought up as Anglicans , pursuant to the command of Charles II .

The Duke of York became a Roman Catholic in 1668 or 1669 , but Mary and Anne had a Protestant education , as Charles II had commanded .


Normally , the Archbishop of Canterbury performs coronations , but the incumbent Archbishop , William Sancroft , although an Anglican , refused to recognize the validity of James II 's removal .

The Archbishop of Canterbury usually performed coronations .


According to Gilbert Burnet , however , Mary convinced her husband that she did not care for political power , and told him `` she would be no more but his wife , and that she would do all that lay in her power to make him King for life '' .

She said `` she would be no more but his wife , and that she would do all that lay in her power to make him King for life '' .


On 13 February 1689 , Parliament passed the Declaration of Right , in which it deemed that James , by attempting to flee on 11 December 1688 , had abdicated the government of the realm , and that the Throne had thereby become vacant .

On 13 February 1689 , Parliament passed the Declaration of Right .


Some charged that the boy was `` supposititious '' , having been secretly smuggled into the Queen 's room in a bed-warming pan as a substitute for her stillborn baby .

Some said that the boy had been secretly carried into the Queen 's room in a bed-warming pan instead of her stillborn baby .


William agreed to invade and issued a declaration which referred to James 's newborn son as the `` pretended Prince of Wales '' .

He declared that James ' newborn son was the `` pretended Prince of Wales '' .


She did , however , act alone when William was engaged in military campaigns abroad , proving herself to be a powerful , firm , and effective ruler .

She was a powerful , firm , and effective ruler .


On the same day , the Convention of the Estates of Scotland-which was much more divided than the English Parliament-finally declared that James was no longer King of Scotland , that `` no Papist can be King or Queen of this Realm '' , that William and Mary would be joint sovereigns , and that William would exercise sole and full power .

On the day of the Coronation , the Convention of the Estates of Scotland declared at last that James was no longer King of Scotland .


A second attempt at flight , on 23 December , was successful ; William deliberately allowed James to escape to France where he lived in exile until his death .

This second attempt was successful , and James escaped to France .


On 11 May , William and Mary formally accepted the Scottish crown .

William and Mary were offered the separate Scottish Crown .


Mary 's uncle was King Charles II , who ruled the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland ; her maternal grandfather , Edward Hyde , 1st Earl of Clarendon , served for a lengthy period as Charles 's chief advisor .

Her grandfather by her mother 's side was Edward Hyde , 1st Earl of Clarendon .


He also gave a list of grievances of the English people and stated that his proposed expedition was for the sole purpose of having `` a free and lawful Parliament assembled '' .

He also gave a list of what the English people wanted , and said that he only wanted to have `` a free and lawful Parliament assembled '' .


Although her mother bore eight children , all except Mary and her younger sister Anne died very young , and the King had no further legitimate children .

Her mother gave birth to eight children , but only Mary and her younger sister Anne lived to adulthood .


Parliament offered the Crown not to James 's eldest son , James Francis Edward ( who would have been the heir-apparent under normal circumstances ) , but to William and Mary as joint sovereigns .

However , Parliament offered the crown to William and Mary as joint Sovereigns instead .


From about the age of nine until her marriage , Mary wrote passionate letters to an older girl , Frances Apsley , the daughter of courtier Sir Allen Apsley .

Before her marriage , Mary wrote many letters to Frances Apsley , the daughter of James II 's hawks keeper .


At first , Charles II opposed the alliance with the Dutch ruler-he preferred that Mary marry the heir to the French throne , the Dauphin Louis , thus allying his realms with Catholic France and strengthening the odds of an eventual Catholic successor in Britain ; but later , under pressure from Parliament and with a coalition with the Catholic French no longer politically favourable , he approved the union .

He wanted Mary to marry the heir to the French Throne , the Dauphin Louis , instead .


When her husband was away , Mary acted on her own if his advice was not available ; whilst he was in England , Mary completely refrained from interfering in political matters , as had been agreed in the Declaration and Bill of Rights , and as she preferred .

When he was in England , Mary never joined in political matters , as had been agreed in the Bill of Rights .


Anne appeared at court with Sarah , obviously supporting the disgraced Churchill , which led to Mary angrily demanding that Anne dismiss Sarah and vacate her lodgings .

She appeared at court with Sarah and supported Churchill , which made Mary very angry .


George Herman `` Babe '' Ruth , Jr. ( February 6 , 1895 - August 16 , 1948 ) , nicknamed `` the Bambino '' and `` the Sultan of Swat '' , was an American outfielder and pitcher who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) , from 1914 to 1935 .

George Herman `` Babe '' Ruth , Jr. ( February 6 , 1895 - August 16 , 1948 ) was a famous baseball player during the 1920s and 1930s in Major League Baseball .


Ruth hit his second home run on May 2 , and by the end of the month had set a major league record for home runs in a month with 11 , and promptly snapped it with 13 in June .

In 1927 , Ruth hit 60 home runs , which was then a record for the most home runs in one season .


After the 1919 season , Ruth was controversially sold by Red Sox owner Harry Frazee to the Yankees .

However , by 1919 , Red Sox owner Harry Frazee was having problems with money .


As such , it immediately established Grisi as a star in her very first full-length ballet in Paris .

The ballet immediately established Grisi as a star in her very first full-length ballet in Paris .


The world première of this two-act ballet was on 28 June 1841 at the Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique , Paris .

The world première of this two-act ballet was on June 28 , 1841 at the Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique , Paris .


One of Giselle 's creators , Théophile Gautier ( who was married to Carlotta 's sister Ernestina ) , described her dancing as having a childlike artlessness , a happy and infectious gaiety .

One of Giselle 's creators , Théophile Gautier described her dancing as having a childlike artlessness , a happy and infectious gaiety .


She was trained at the ballet school of Teatro alla Scala in Milan and later with dancer\/balletmaster Jules Perrot .

She was trained at the ballet school of Teatro alla Scala in Milan .


Grisi gave birth to her second daughter , Léontine Grisi , and , at the age of 34 , settled in Saint-Jean , Geneva to spend in villa Grisi ( also called villa Saint Jean ) the next forty-six years of her life in peaceful retirement .

Grisi gave birth to her second daughter , Léontine Grisi .


By dancing Perrot 's choreography , which at that time was receiving great attention , she gained notable attention of both the public and the critics .

By dancing Perrot 's choreography , she gained both public and critical acclaim .


She next appeared in Paris at the Théâtre de la Renaissance ( 1840 ) and a year later , toured with Perrot to other parts of Europe .

She next appeared in Paris at the Théâtre de la Renaissance in 1840 .


However , over time the Russians appreciated her talents .

Over time , the Russians came to appreciate her talents .


The first Giselle in Russia had been danced by Fanny Elssler , and so the initial reaction to Grisi 's interpretation of the role was not enthusiastic .

The first Giselle in Russia had been danced by Fanny Elssler .


Her greatest role however was that of Giselle .


It caused a sensation and inspired its reviewers to proclaim Giselle to be the greatest ballet of its time and a triumphant successor to the Romantic masterwork La Sylphide .

It inspired reviewers to proclaim Giselle to be the greatest ballet of its time .


In 1850 , she joined Perrot in St. Petersburg , Russia , where he had been appointed balletmaster , and she danced Giselle at the Imperial Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre .

She danced Giselle at the Imperial Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre .


She was especially noted for the role of Giselle .

She was famous for creating the role of Giselle .


In 1854 , with her daughter , she left Russia for Warsaw , where she intended to continue dancing , but she became pregnant by Prince Léon Radziwill who then persuaded her to retire from ballet at the height of her fame .

In 1854 , she left Russia for Warsaw with her daughter .


Carlotta Grisi ( real name Caronne Adele Josephine Marie Grisi ; 28 June 1819 - 20 May 1899 ) was an Italian ballet dancer born in Visinada , Istria ( now part of Croatia ) .

Carlotta Grisi ( June 28 , 1819 - May 20 , 1899 ) was an Italian ballet dancer .


She was Prima Ballerina of the St. Petersburg Imperial Theatres in St. Petersburg from 1850 to 1853 , working not only with Perrot but also Joseph Mazilier who staged for her La Jolie Fille de Gand and Vert-Vert especially for her .

She was Prima Ballerina of the St. Petersburg Imperial Theatres in St. Petersburg from 1850 to 1853 .


At her 1836 debut in London Grisi performed with the accomplished danseur Jules Perrot .

At her 1836 debut in London , Grisi danced with Jules Perrot .


Through Perrot 's contacts , the pair worked in Paris , London , Vienna , Munich , and Milan where she sang and danced .

A year later , she toured with Perrot to Paris , London , Vienna , Munich , and Milan .


Deodoro da Fonseca died in Rio de Janeiro on 23 August 1892 .

Marshal Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca ( Alagoas City , August 5 , 1827 - Rio de Janeiro , August 23 , 1892 ) was the first president of the Republic of Brazil and he reached this position after a military strategy that put down the Emperor Pedro II .


A talk show or chat show ( as it is known in the UK ) is a television programming or radio programming genre in which one person ( or group of people ) discusses various topics put forth by a talk show host .

A talk show is a radio or television program where one or more hosts discuss current issues or other topics with guests .


Current late night talk shows such as The Tonight Show starring Jimmy Fallon and Late Show with David Letterman have aired featuring celebrity guests and comedy sketches .

Late Show with David Letterman has been the most successful , and is still airing .


Sporting Kansas City is an American professional soccer club based in Kansas City , Kansas .

Sporting Kansas City are an American football ( soccer ) team that plays in Major League Soccer in Kansas City , Kansas .


At the age of nine , Jefferson began studying Latin , Greek , and French ; he learned to ride horses , and began to appreciate the study of nature .

At 9 years old Jefferson began studying Latin , Greek , and French ; he also learned to ride horses , and began to study nature .


After practicing as a circuit lawyer for several years , Jefferson married the 23-year-old widow Martha Wayles Skelton on January 1 , 1772 .

In January 1772 , Jefferson married Martha Wayles Skelton , with whom he had 6 children .


Still in his 40s , Jefferson was minister to France from 1785 to 1789 , just before the French Revolution started .

Jefferson was minister to France from 1785-1789 .


At age 16 , Jefferson entered the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg , and first met the law professor George Wythe , who became his influential mentor .

At age 16 , Jefferson entered the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg , and studied mathematics , metaphysics , and philosophy .


In 1803 , in the midst of the Napoleonic wars between France and Britain , Thomas Jefferson authorized the Louisiana Purchase , a major land acquisition from France that doubled the size of the United States .

Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase , which doubled the size of the United States .


He also improved his French , Greek , and violin .

He also improved his French , Greek , and violin , graduating in 1762 with highest honors .


Jefferson responded with the Embargo Act of 1807 , directed at both France and Great Britain .

Jefferson passed the Embargo Act of 1807 , which made it illegal for the United States to trade with other countries .


The third of ten children , Thomas Jefferson was born on April 13 , 1743 ( April 2 , 1743 OS ) at the family home in Shadwell , Goochland County , Virginia , now part of Albemarle County .

Jefferson , the third of ten children , was born on April 13 , 1743 in Shadwell , Virginia into a planter family .


Although he has been criticized by many present-day scholars over the issues of racism and slavery , Jefferson remains rated as one of the greatest U.S. presidents .

Jefferson is considered one of the greatest U.S. presidents .


Other memorable roles include insurance investigator Barton Keyes in the film noir Double Indemnity , Dathan ( adversary of Moses ) in The Ten Commandments , and his final performance as Sol Roth in the science-fiction story Soylent Green .

Other well-known roles include Barton Keyes in the movie Double Indemnity , Dathan in The Ten Commandments , and his final role as Sol Roth in Soylent Green .


Edward Goldenberg Robinson ( Yiddish : עמנואל גאָלדנבערג Emanuel Goldenberg ; December 12 , 1893 - January 26 , 1973 ) was a Romanian-born American actor .

Edward G. Robinson ( born Emanuel Goldenberg ; December 12 , 1893 - January 26 , 1973 ) was a Romanian-American actor .


He grew up on the Lower East Side , had his Bar Mitzvah at First Roumanian-American congregation , and attended Townsend Harris High School and then the City College of New York .

He studied at Townsend Harris High School and at City College of New York .


Robinson was selected for an Honorary Academy Award for his work in the film industry , which was posthumously awarded two months after the actor 's death in 1973 .

He won an honorary Academy Award in 1973 , two months after his death .


A popular star during Hollywood 's Golden Age , he is best remembered for his roles as gangsters , such as Rico in his star-making film Little Caesar and as Rocco in Key Largo .

He was known for his roles as Rico in Little Caesar and as Rocco in Key Largo .


Robinson arrived in New York City on February 14 , 1903 .

After his brother was attacked by the Mafia , Robinson and his family moved to New York City in February 1903 .


Arkose is typically gray to reddish in color .

Arkose is normally gray to reddish in color .


Arkose usually contains small amounts of calcite cement , which causes it to ` fizz ' slightly in dilute hydrochloric acid ; sometimes the cement also contains iron oxide .

Arkose usually contains small amounts of calcite cement , which may also contain iron oxide .


Arkose is generally formed from the weathering of feldspar-rich igneous or metamorphic , most commonly granitic rocks , which are primarily composed of quartz and feldspar ( called ` grus ' as a sand ) .

Arkose is generally formed from the weathering of igneous or metamorphic rocks .


The sand grains making up an arkose may range from fine to very coarse , but tends toward the coarser end of the scale .

The sand grains making up arkose are usually coarse .


Many mammal groups managed to survive the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event , which wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs , allowing the mammals to diversify and dominate the Earth .

Many mammal groups managed to survive the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event , which wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs , allowing the mammals to diversify and dominate the Earth .


Therocephalians included both carnivorous and herbivorous forms ; both died out after the Early Triassic .

Therocephalians included both carnivorous and herbivorous forms ; both died out after the Lower Triassic .


The trithelodonts died out during the Jurassic , and the tritylodonts survived into the Cretaceous , but the mammals continued to evolve .

The trithelodonts died out during the Jurassic , and the tritylodonts survived in the Cretaceous , but the mammals continued to evolve .


Furthermore , several other bones that were on the lower jaw ( found in reptiles ) , moved into the ears , allowing the theriodonts to hear better and their mouths to open wider .

Several other bones that were previously on the lower jaw , moved into the ears , allowing the theriodonts to hear better and their mouths to open wider .


By the Late Triassic the small cynodonts included the rodent-like tritylodonts ( possibly related to or descended from traversodonts ) , and the tiny , shrew-like , trithelodonts , which evolved into the first mammals .

By the Upper Triassic the small cynodonts included the rodent-like tritylodonts ( possibly related to or descended from travsersodonts ) , and the tiny , shrew-like , trithelodonts , which evolved into the first mammals .


Theriodonts ( `` Beast Tooth '' , referring to more mammal-like teeth ) , are a major group of therapsids .

Theriodonts are a major group of therapsids .


Theriodont jaws were more mammal-like than was the case of other therapsids , because their dentary was larger , which gave them more efficient chewing ability .

Theriodont jaws were more mammal-like than was the case of other therapsids , because their dentary ( lower jaw ) was larger , which gave them more efficient chewing .


They can be defined in traditional , Linnaean terms , in which case they are a suborder of mammal-like reptiles that lived from the Middle Permian to the Middle Cretaceous , or in Cladistic terms , in which case they include not only the traditional theriodonts but also their descendants the mammals as well ( in the same way that , cladistically speaking , the theropod dinosaurs include the birds as a sub-clade ) .

They are a clade which include not only the traditional theriodonts , but also their descendants the mammals as well ( in the same way that theropod dinosaurs include the birds as a sub-clade ) .


The remaining theriodonts , the cynodonts , also included carnivores such as Cynognathus , as well as newly evolved herbivores ( Traversodonts ) .

The remaining theriodonts , the cynodonts , also included carrnivores such as Cynognathus , as well as newly evolved herbivorous Traversodonts .


Even these early theriodonts were more mammal-like than their Anomodont and Dinocephalian contemporaries .

Even these early theriodonts were more mammal-like than their relatives .


Theriodonts appeared almost the same time as the anomodonts , about 265 million years ago , in the Middle Permian .

Theriodonts appeared about 265 million years ago , in the Middle Permian .


Hermann Carl Vogel ( April 3 , 1841 - August 13 , 1907 ) was a German astrophysicist .

Hermann Carl Vogel ( born April 3 1841 , died August 13 1907 ) was a German astronomer .


His interpretation of this result was that the star was moving toward and then away from the Earth , and that the accompanying spectral shifts were the result of the Doppler effect .

His idea was that the star was moving toward and then away from the Earth , and that the color changes were the because of that movement .


He had also made use of the Doppler effect here on Earth .

He could read it by measuring the Doppler effect .


Lieutenant Colonel John Alexander McCrae , MD ( November 30 , 1872 - January 28 , 1918 ) was a Canadian poet , physician , author , artist and soldier during World War I , and a surgeon during the Second Battle of Ypres , in Belgium .

Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae ( November 30 , 1872 - January 28 , 1918 ) was a Canadian poet and soldier in World War I who is best known for writing the poem `` In Flanders Fields '' after seeing the death of his friend the day before .


That same year , Weber went to Salzburg to study with Michael Haydn , the younger brother of Joseph Haydn , who agreed to teach Carl free of charge .

Later that year Weber went to Salzburg , to study with Michael Haydn ( the brother of the famous Joseph Haydn ) , and later to Munich .


On 13 March 1798 , Weber 's mother died of tuberculosis .

Weber 's mother died of tuberculosis when he was eleven .


The `` von '' was an affectation ; Franz Anton von Weber was not actually an aristocrat .

Weber was the eldest of the three children of Franz Anton von Weber .


Weber accepted the invitation , and in 1826 he traveled to England , to finish the work and conduct the premiere on 12 April .

In 1826 he traveled to England where he finished composing Oberon and conducted its first performance on 12 April .


In 1801 , the family returned to Salzburg , where Weber resumed his studies with Michael Haydn .

In 1801 the family went back to Salzburg and Weber had more lessons from Michael Haydn .


In 2010 the state created a hunting season for Burmese and Indian pythons , African rock pythons , green anacondas , and Nile monitor lizards .

In 2010 the state created a hunting season for Burmese , Indian and African rock pythons , green anacondas , and Nile monitor lizards .


A number of non-native snakes and lizards have been released in the wild .

A lot of non-native snakes have been released in the wild .


The state capital is Tallahassee , the largest city is Jacksonville , and the largest metropolitan area is the Miami metropolitan area .

The capital of Florida is Tallahassee , and Jacksonville is the state 's largest city .


Florida 's nickname is the `` Sunshine State '' , but severe weather is a common occurrence in the state .


Hurricanes Charley ( August 13 ) , Frances ( September 4-5 ) , Ivan ( September 16 ) , and Jeanne ( September 25-26 ) cumulatively cost the state 's economy $ 42 billion .

Florida 's most active recorded hurricane seasons were in 2004 and 2005 , when it was hit by hurricanes Charley ( August 13 ) , Frances ( September 4-5 ) , Ivan ( September 16 ) , Jeanne ( September 25 ) , Katrina ( August 25 ) , and Wilma ( October 24 ) .


Much of Florida is a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico , the Atlantic Ocean , and the Straits of Florida .

To the west is the Gulf of Mexico , to the south is the Florida Straits , and to the east is the Atlantic Ocean .


Florida was the top destination state in 2011 .


With his rank obtained , as `` Lieutenant Wales '' ( a name based on his father 's title , Prince of Wales ) , he followed his younger brother into the Blues and Royals as a troop commander in an armored reconnaissance unit , after which he spent four months in training for the post at Bovington Camp , Dorset .

With his rank obtained , the Prince , using the name of William Wales , followed his younger brother into the Blues and Royals as a troop commander in an armored reconnaissance unit , after which he spent four months in training for the post at Bovington Camp , Dorset .


William was educated at independent schools , starting at Jane Mynors ' nursery school and the pre-preparatory Wetherby School , both in London .

Prince William began learning at independent schools then Jane Mynors ' nursery school and the pre-preparatory Wetherby School , both in London .


Prince William , the first child of the Prince and Princess of Wales , was born at St Mary 's Hospital , London , on 21 June 1982 .

Prince William was born at St Mary 's Hospital , London .


Successfully completing the course , William graduated from Sandhurst on 15 December 2006 , the graduation parade being attended by the Queen and the Prince of Wales , along with other members of the Royal Family .

William graduated from the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst on 15 December 2006 ; the graduation parade was attended by the Queen and the Prince of Wales , along with other members of the Royal Family , and William officially received his commission as a lieutenant .


Prince William , Duke of Cambridge KG KT ADC ( P ) ( William Arthur Philip Louis ; born 21 June 1982 ) , is the elder son of Charles , Prince of Wales , and Diana , Princess of Wales .

Prince William , Duke of Cambridge KG KT ( William Arthur Philip Louis ; born 21 June 1982 ) is the oldest son of Charles , Prince of Wales and the late Diana , Princess of Wales , and grandson of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh .


Seven sharps or flats make major keys ( C ♯ major or C ♭ major ) that may be more conveniently spelled with five flats or sharps ( as D ♭ major or B major ) .

Seven sharps or flats make major keys ( C ♯ major and C ♭ major ) that are more easy to spell with five flats or sharps ( as D ♭ major or B major ) .


The major scale or Ionian scale is one of the most commonly used scales .

In music theory , the major scale or Ionian scale is one of the diatonic scales .


The circular arrangement depends on enharmonic relationships in the circle , usually reckoned at six sharps or flats for the major keys of F ♯ = G ♭ and D ♯ = E ♭ for minor keys .

The circle depends on enharmonic relationships in the circle , which is six sharps or flats for the major keys of F ♯ = G ♭ and D ♯ = E ♭ for minor keys ( Drabkin 2001 ) .


Each tetrachord consists of two whole tones followed by a semitone : The circle of fifths , first described in 1728 by Johann David Heinichen in his book Der General-bass , has been used ever since as a means of illustrating the relative harmonic distance between musical keys .

The Circle of Fifths was first described in 1728 by Johann David Heinichen in his book Der General-bass .


The simplest major scale to write is C major , the only major scale not to require sharps or flats : C-D-E-F-G-A-B-C ( C major scale ( help · info ) ) The major scale had a central importance in European music , particularly in the common practice period and in popular music , owing to the large number of chords that can be formed from it .

The simplest major scale to write or play on the piano is C major , the only major scale not to require sharps or flats , using only the white keys on the piano keyboard : C major scale ( info \* help ) A major scale is a set of steps in the order `` Whole : Whole : Half : Whole : Whole : Whole : Half '' ( tone , tone , semitone , tone , tone , tone , semitone ) .


In 741 , Pepin married Bertrada of Laon .


In 1962 , Steinbeck won the Nobel Prize for literature for his `` realistic and imaginative writing , combining as it does sympathetic humor and keen social perception . ''

In 1962 , Steinbeck won the Nobel Prize in Literature for `` his realistic and imaginative writing , combining as it does sympathetic humor and keen social perception . ''


In September 1964 , Steinbeck was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon B. Johnson .

Two years later , he was awarded the United States Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon B. Johnson .


Tortilla Flat was adapted as a 1942 film of the same name , starring Spencer Tracy , Hedy Lamarr and John Garfield , a friend of Steinbeck 's .

It was made into a movie seven years later , starring Spencer Tracy , Hedy Lamarr , and John Garfield .


Steinbeck achieved his first critical success with Tortilla Flat ( 1935 ) , a novel set in post-war Monterey , California , that won the California Commonwealth Club 's Gold Medal .

The book won the California Commonwealth Club 's Gold Medal .


His later work reflected his wide range of interests , including marine biology , politics , religion , history and mythology .

His work shows his wide range of interests , such as politics , history , philosophy and mythology .


John Ernst Steinbeck , Jr. ( February 27 , 1902 - December 20 , 1968 ) was an American author of twenty-seven books , including sixteen novels , six non-fiction books , and five collections of short stories .

John Ernst Steinbeck ( February 27 , 1902 - December 20 , 1968 ) was an American writer .


Of Mice and Men was also adapted as a 1939 Hollywood film , with Lon Chaney , Jr. as Lennie ( he had filled the role in the Los Angeles stage production ) and Burgess Meredith as George .

It was turned into a Hollywood movie in 1939 , starring Lon Chaney Jr. as `` Lennie '' and Burgess Meredith as `` George '' .


Alice in Chains is the self-titled third studio album by the American rock band Alice in Chains .

Alice in Chains is the self-titled third studio album by American rock band , Alice in Chains .


Alice in Chains is the band 's last studio album to feature vocalist Layne Staley before his death in 2002 .

Alice in Chains was the final album to feature lead singer Layne Staley who was found dead of a heroin overdose on April 5 , 2002 .


The album is also known informally as `` Tripod '' or `` Three-Legged Dog Album '' due to a three-legged dog on the front cover and Frank Lentini on the back .

The album is sometimes referred to as Tripod because of Jerry Cantrell 's three-legged dog on the front cover and Frank Lentini on the back cover .


A flash flood on 16 August 2004 caused extensive damage to the village .

A flash flood on 16 August 2004 , caused extensive damage to the village .


Boscastle harbor is a natural inlet protected by two stone harbor walls built in 1584 by Sir Richard Grenville ( of HMS Revenge ) .

Boscastle harbor is a natural inlet protected by two stone harbor walls built in 1584 by Sir Richard Grenville .


Boscastle was once a small port ( similar to many others on the north coast of Cornwall ) The oldest part of Boscastle surrounds the harbor ; more modern residential building extends up the valleys of the River Valency and River Jordan .

The oldest part of Boscastle surrounds the harbor ; more modern residential building extends up the valleys of the Rivers Valency and Jordan .


Residents were trapped in houses as the roads turned into rivers : people were trapped on roofs , in cars , in buildings and on the river 's banks .

Residents were trapped in houses and elsewhere as the roads turned into rivers .


It is 14 miles ( 23 km ) south of Bude and 5 miles ( 8 km ) northeast of Tintagel .

Boscastle is a village and fishing port on the north coast of Cornwall , United Kingdom , and 14 miles ( 23 km ) south of Bude and 5 miles ( 8 km ) north-east of Tintagel .


A total of 91 people were rescued and there were no fatalities , only one broken thumb .

In the largest peacetime rescue operation ever launched in the UK a total of 91 people were rescued and there were no deaths .


Gold was found in the district in 1860 .


From November 1860 through to June 1861 anti-Chinese miners attacked Chinese gold miners in the area , now known as the infamous Lambing Flat riots .

From November 1860 through to June 1861 European miners attacked Chinese gold miners in the area .


Up to 20,000 miners worked the fields including about 2,000 Chinese miners .

Up to 20,000 miners were digging for gold including about 2,000 Chinese miners .


Young is a town in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales , Australia and is the center of Young Shire .

Young is a town in New South Wales , Australia .


Until that time the area was called Lambing Flat , a reference to the grazing of sheep that was the main industry until mining .

Until that time the area was called Lambing Flat .


Eventually the rioters were controlled , Chinese miners had their claims restored to them , but the New South Wales Parliament passed the Chinese Immigration Bill which restricted the number of Chinese that could be brought into New South Wales on any ship and imposed a tax per head on entry .

The New South Wales Parliament passed the Chinese Immigration Bill .


As gold became scarce , European miners began to resent what they saw as the greater success of the more industrious Chinese , and hence many Chinese miners were attacked , robbed and killed .

Many Chinese miners were attacked , robbed and killed .


The goldfields produced 470,000 ounces of gold sent by escort from the fields .

About 470,000 ounces of gold were sent by the armed gold escort from the goldfields .


Young is situated in a valley , with surrounding hills .

Young is in a valley surrounded by hills .


James White was the first European settler in the district and established Burrangong Station in 1826 with a squatting claim of 100 square miles ( 260 km2 ) .

He started Burrangong Station ( farm ) in 1826 by taking an area of 100 square miles .


Steadman currently lives with his wife in Kent , England .

Steadman lives with his wife in Kent , England .


Steadman was born in Wallasey , Cheshire , and brought up in Abergele , North Wales .

Steadman was born in Wallasey , Cheshire , and brought up in Towyn , North Wales .


He attended Ysgol Emrys Ap Iwan ( high school ) , and then later East Ham Technical College and the London College of Printing during the 1960s , doing freelance work for Punch , Private Eye , the Daily Telegraph , The New York Times and Rolling Stone during this time .

He went to Ysgol Emrys Ap Iwan ( high school ) , Abergele , East Ham Technical College and the London College of Printing during the 1960s .


Ralph Steadman ( born 15 May 1936 ) is a British cartoonist best known for his work with American author Hunter S. Thompson .

Ralph Steadman ( born Wallasey , 15 May 1936 ) is a British cartoonist and illustrator .


The Stirling engine ( or Stirling 's air engine as it was known at the time ) was invented and patented by Robert Stirling in 1816 .

It was invented by a Scottish minister , Reverend Dr. Robert Stirling in 1816 .


Moses Harry Horwitz ( June 19 , 1897 - May 4 , 1975 ) , known professionally as Moe Howard , was an American actor and comedian best known as the de facto leader of The Three Stooges , the farce comedy team who starred in motion pictures and television for four decades .

Moe Howard ( June 19 , 1897 -- May 4 , 1975 ) was an American actor and comedian .


The Lone Ranger is active and masculine .


Jamal Lafitte Lewis ( born August 26 , 1979 ) is a former American football running back in the National Football League ( NFL ) .

Jamal Lafitte Lewis ( born August 26 , 1979 ) is a former American football running back in the National Football League .


Lewis is best known for his career as a Raven , where he helped the team win Super Bowl XXXV as a rookie .

Lewis helped the Ravens win Super Bowl XXXV in his rookie season in 2000 .


It turned to the northwest and weakened on August 20 .

It went to the northwest and weakened on August 20 .


Erika was the eighth tropical cyclone , fifth tropical storm , and third hurricane of the season .

Erika was the eighth tropical cyclone , fifth tropical storm , and third hurricane of the season that year .


As the system rapidly continued westward , much of the convection remained near the center of the upper-level low , preventing development of a closed surface circulation .

As the system rapidly continued westward , a lot of the convection stayed near the center of the upper-level low , preventing development of a closed surface circulation .


The storm developed from a non-tropical area of low pressure that was tracked for five days before developing in the eastern Gulf of Mexico on August 14 .

The storm was created from a non-tropical area of low pressure that was tracked for five days before developing in the eastern Gulf of Mexico on August 14 .


A high pressure system persisted over the south-central United States , forcing the storm to move just south of due west at 25 mph ( 40 km\/h ) .

A high pressure system covered over the south-central United States , forcing the storm to move just south of due west at 25 mph ( 40 km\/h ) .


After crossing Florida , Hurricane Hunters indicated a poorly defined circulation , but with winds exceeding tropical storm strength , and the system was designated as Tropical Storm Erika late on August 14 while located 85 miles ( 135 km ) west of Fort Myers .

After crossing Florida , Hurricane Hunters showed a poor circulation , but with winds higher than tropical storm strength , and the system was designated as Tropical Storm Erika late on August 14 while located 85 miles ( 135 km ) west of Fort Myers .


A closed low-level circulation nearly developed on August 14 to the east of Key Largo , Florida , but it weakened due to the deep convection remaining to the north over the mid-level center .

On August 14 , a closed low-level circulation nearly developed to the east of Key Largo , Florida , but because of the deep convection remaining to the north over the mid-level center , it was weakened .


Under the influence of a high pressure system , Erika moved quickly westward and strengthened under favorable conditions .

Under the influence of a high pressure system , Erika moved quickly westward and became stronger under favorable conditions .


On August 13 , while located near the northwestern Bahamas , a substantial increase in convection resulted in the upper-level low building downwards to the middle levels of the troposphere , coinciding with the development of an upper level anticyclone .

On August 13 , while located near the northwestern Bahamas , an increase in convection made the upper-level low building downwards to the middle levels of the troposphere , which caused the development of an upper level anticyclone .


The mid-level storm continued westward and moved across Florida .

The mid-level storm continued going westward and it moved across Florida .


Hurricane Erika was a weak hurricane that struck extreme northeastern Mexico near the Texas-Tamaulipas border in mid-August of the 2003 Atlantic hurricane season .

Hurricane Erika was a Atlantic hurricane that hit extreme northeastern Mexico near the Texas-Tamaulipas border .


The mid-level circulation maintained integrity as it crossed Mexico , and led to the formation of a tropical disturbance after entering the Gulf of California on August 18 .

After entering the Gulf of California on August 18 , It led to the formation of a tropical disturbance .


With well-established outflow and low levels of wind shear , Erika strengthened as the circulation became better defined .

With well-established outflow and low levels of wind shear , Erika became stronger as the circulation became better defined .


On August 15 , convection organized into bands , and as its winds approached hurricane strength , an eye developed within the storm .

On August 15 , convection were made into bands , and as its winds were turning into hurricane strength , an eye developed within the storm .


The storm rapidly weakened over the mountainous Sierra Madre Oriental , and Erika dissipated early on August 17 .

The storm quickly weakened over the Sierra Madre Oriental , and Erika was calming down early on August 17 .


A weak surface area of low pressure detached from a frontal system on August 8 while 1,150 miles ( 1,850 km ) to the east of Bermuda .

A weak surface area of low pressure came apart from a frontal system on August 8 .


The traveling salesman problem was mathematically formulated in the 1800s by the Irish mathematician W. R. Hamilton and by the British mathematician Thomas Kirkman .

The traveling salesman problem was defined in the 1800s by the Irish mathematician W. R. Hamilton and by the British mathematician Thomas Kirkman .


The general form of the TSP appears to have been first studied by mathematicians during the 1930s in Vienna and at Harvard , notably by Karl Menger , who defines the problem , considers the obvious brute-force algorithm , and observes the non-optimality of the nearest neighbor heuristic : Hassler Whitney at Princeton University introduced the name traveling salesman problem soon after .

The general form of the TSP appears to have been first studied by mathematicians during the 1930s in Vienna and at Harvard , notably by Karl Menger .


TSP is a special case of the traveling purchaser problem .


In August 1919 , the Karabakh national Council entered into a provisional treaty arrangement with the Azerbaijani government in order to avoid military conflict with a superior adversary '' .

In August 1919 , the Karabakh national Council entered into a provisional treaty arrangement with the Azerbaijani government in order to avoid military conflict with a superior adversary ' .