Modern large fortresses like the Belgian stronghold of Eben Emael were nonexistent ; the only modern fortification complex was that at Kornwerderzand , guarding the Afsluitdijk .

Modern large fortresses like the Belgian fortress of Eben Emael did not exist .


In a 20 January 1940 radio speech Winston Churchill tried to convince them not to wait for an inevitable German attack , but to join the Entente cordiale .

In a 20 January 1940 radio speech Winston Churchill tried to get the Dutch to join with the British .


Moreover , a considerable part of the funds were intended for the Dutch East Indies ( now Indonesia ) , much of it related to a plan to build three battle cruisers .

A lot of the defense funds were used for the Dutch East Indies ( now Indonesia ) .


They started to fully prepare for war , both mentally and physically .


Successive Dutch governments tended to avoid openly identifying Germany as an acute military threat .

Dutch governments did not see Germany as a military threat .


This allowed the ground before the fortifications to be easily inundated with a few feet of water , too shallow for boats , but deep enough to turn the soil into an impassable quagmire .

This allowed it to be flooded with a few feet of water .


On 5 February 1940 he was forced to offer his resignation because of these disagreements with his superiors .

On 5 February 1940 he resigned because of these disagreements with his superiors .


By its own standards the Dutch Army in May 1940 was unfit for battle .

In May 1940 , the Dutch Army was not ready for battle .


The most important measure was a partial mobilisation of 100,000 men in April 1939 .

The most important measure was getting 100,000 men ready to fight in April 1939 .


Given its obvious strategic importance , Belgium , though in principle neutral , had already made quite detailed arrangements for coordination with Entente troops .

Belgium , though it said it was neutral , had made arrangements for working with Allied troops .


There had especially been little experience gained in the handling of larger units above the battalion level .

There was little experience leading forces bigger than the battalion level .


Both the Belgians and Dutch refused , even though the German attack plans had fallen into Belgian hands after a German aircraft crash in January 1940 in what became known as the Mechelen Incident .

Both the Belgians and Dutch refused , even though the German attack plans were learned about in Belgium .


Hendrikus Colijn , prime minister between 1933 and 1939 , was personally convinced Germany would not violate Dutch neutrality ; senior officers made no effort to mobilise public opinion in favor of improving military defense .

Hendrikus Colijn , prime minister between 1933 and 1939 , did not think Germany would go against Dutch neutrality and invade the Netherlands .


The line was located at the extreme eastern edge of the area lying below sea level .


The lack of a trained manpower base , a large professional organization or a sufficient matériel reserve precluded a swift expansion of Dutch forces .

The lack of a trained troops , a large professional organization or good weapons made it hard to make the Dutch forces larger .


Whereas the other major participants all had a considerable armored force , the Netherlands had not been able to obtain the minimum of 146 modern tanks ( 110 light , 36 medium ) they had already considered necessary in 1937 .

The Netherlands had not been able to get 146 modern tanks .


In 1940 there were only 1206 professional officers present ; It had been hoped that when war threatened , these deficiencies could be quickly remedied but following the mobilisation of all Dutch forces on 28 August 1939 ( bringing Army strength to about 280,000 men ) readiness only slowly improved : most available time was spent constructing defences .

In 1940 there were only 1206 professional officers .


After the German invasion of Norway and Denmark , followed by a warning by the new Japanese naval attaché Captain Tadashi Meada that a German attack on the Netherlands was certain , it became clear to the Dutch military that staying out of the conflict might prove impossible .

After the German invasion of Norway and Denmark , followed by a warning by Japan that a German attack on the Netherlands was going to happen , the Dutch military knew they would have to fight .


It is the eleventh film of the Star Trek film franchise and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the original Star Trek television series , portrayed by a new cast .

It is a reboot of the original Star Trek television series .


Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction action film directed by J. J. Abrams , written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman and distributed by Paramount Pictures .

Star Trek is a 2009 movie directed by J. J. Abrams and made by Paramount Pictures .


Druidic lore consisted of a large number of verses learned by heart , and Caesar remarked that it could take up to twenty years to complete the course of study .

Druidic lore consisted of a large number of verses learned by heart , and Caesar remarked that twenty years were required to complete the course of study .


The series was created by Dan Schneider .


It was also Nickelodeon 's best performance for a series premiere ( live action or animation ) in almost eight years .

It was also Nickelodeon 's best performance for a series premiere in almost eight years .


Zoey 101 was the most expensive production ever for Nickelodeon series , as it was shot completely on location in Malibu .

Zoey 101 was the most expensive production ever for Nickelodeon series .


Despite this , many critics have made negative comments about the show , its setting , and its characters .

However , many critics have made negative comments about the show .


It was nominated for an `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' Emmy in 2005 .

It was nominated for an `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' Emmy Award in 2005 .


Zoey 101 is an American television series which originally aired on Nickelodeon from January 9 , 2005 until May 2 , 2008 .

Zoey 101 is an American television series .


It focuses on the lives of teenager Zoey Brooks ( Jamie Lynn Spears ) and her friends as they attend Pacific Coast Academy ( PCA ) , a fictional boarding school in Southern California .

It is about on the lives of teenagers at a boarding school , Pacific Coast Academy ( PCA ) .


The following list of 30 words shows what Brithenig looks like compared to a few other Romance languages : The Lord 's Prayer : Nustr Padr , ke sia i llo gel : sia senghid tew nôn : gwein tew rheon : sia ffaeth tew wolont , syrs lla der sig i llo gel .


Lampley has covered a record 14 Olympic Games on U.S. television , most recently the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China .

Lampley has covered a record 14 Olympic Games on U.S. television .


For his participation in that show , he has earned three Emmy awards .


The championship was first introduced on the August 2 , 2012 edition of NXT when NXT Commissioner Dusty Rhodes announced a `` Gold Rush '' tournament , featuring five developmental roster NXT Superstars and five main roster WWE Superstars competing to be crowned as the inaugural NXT Champion in a knockout system format .

Rhodes said that there would be a `` Gold Rush '' tournament that would feature 4 developmental roster NXT Superstars and 4 main roster WWE Superstars and that they would compete to be crowned as the inaugural NXT Champion .


The NXT Championship is a professional wrestling championship owned by WWE is competed for exclusively in WWE NXT , WWE 's developmental territory .

The NXT Championship is a professional wrestling championship in the WWE .


The first NXT Champion was crowned on July 26 , 2012 , with Seth Rollins defeating Jinder Mahal in the tournament finals .

Seth Rollins became the first champion after he defeated Jinder Mahal in the final round .


The track team coached by `` Bud '' Winter earned San Jose the nickname `` Speed City , '' and produced Olympic medalists and social activists Lee Evans , John Carlos and Tommie Smith .

The track team coached by `` Bud '' Winter earned San Jose the nickname `` Speed City , '' and has included Olympic medalists and social activists Lee Evans , John Carlos and Tommie Smith .


Smith and Carlos are perhaps best remembered for giving the raised fist salute from the medalist 's podium during the 1968 Summer Olympic Games in Mexico City .

Smith and Carlos are remembered for giving the raised fist salute from the medalist 's podium during the 1968 Summer Olympic Games in Mexico City .


Alumni also have won medals in swimming , judo and boxing .

These people have won medals in swimming , judo and boxing .


San Jose State University sports teams have won NCAA national titles in track and field , cross country , golf , and boxing .

San Jose State University sports teams have won in the NCAA in track and field , cross country running , golf , and boxing .


SJSU alumni have won 19 Olympic medals ( including seven gold medals ) dating back to the first gold medal won by Willie Steel in track and field in the 1948 Olympics .

People who once went to SJSU have won 18 Olympic medals ( including seven gold medals ) since the gold medal won by Willie Steel in track and field in the 1948 Olympics .


The San José State Spartans is the name of the athletic teams representing San Jose State University .

San Jose State Spartans is the name of the different sport teams at San Jose State University .


As of 2012 , SJSU has won 10 NCAA Division 1 national team championships and produced 50 NCAA Division 1 national individual champions .

By 2008 , SJSU had won 10 NCAA team championships and 50 NCAA Division 1 champions .


( Football Bowl Subdivision formally known as Division 1-A for football . )

( Football Bowl Subdivision which used to be known as Division 1-A for football . )


As of 2010 , current head coaches from the women 's golf , women 's gymnastics , men 's soccer , and women 's soccer programs had all received conference `` Coach of the Year '' honors .

In 2008 head coaches from the men 's soccer , baseball , women 's gymnastics , and women 's golf programs had all been named the conference `` Coach of the Year . ''


As of 2013 , San Jose State University competes at the Division 1 level in each of the following sports : Due to the school 's original designation as a teachers ' college , SJSU 's mascot changed many times before the school finally adopted the Spartans as the official mascot and nickname in 1925 .

As of 2009 , San Jose State University competes at the Division 1 level in each of the following sports :


The university has participated in athletics since it first fielded a baseball team in 1890 .

The university has taken part in athletics since its baseball team began in 1890 .


SJSU sports teams compete in the Mountain West Conference ( MWC ) at the NCAA Division I level .

The teams compete in the Western Athletic Conference ( WAC ) at the NCAA Division I level .


In 1119 , it was transformed into the headquarters for the Templar Knights .

In 1119 it was changed into the headquarters for the Templar Knights .


Muslims believe that Muhammad was transported from the Sacred Mosque in Mecca to al-Aqsa during the Night Journey .

Many Muslims believe that Muhammad went from the Sacred Mosque in Mecca to the Al-Aqsa Mosque in the story of the `` Night Journey '' .


The site on which the silver domed mosque sits , along with the Dome of the Rock , also referred to as al-Haram ash-Sharif or `` Noble Sanctuary , '' is the Temple Mount , the holiest site in Judaism , the place where the Temple is generally accepted to have stood .

The Al-Aqsa Mosque is a part of the Al-Haram al-Qudsi al-Sharif , or `` The Noble Sanctuary '' .


Instead of destroying the mosque-which they called `` Solomon 's Temple '' - the Crusaders used it as a royal palace and as a stable for horses .

Instead of taking down the mosque , the crusaders used the mosque as a palace .


The police then stormed the mosque compound , firing both live ammunition and rubber bullets at the group of Palestinians , killing four and wounding about 200 .

In return the police shot rubber bullets at the group of Palestinians .


`` Alice '' is a song written and performed by Franco-Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne for Almost Alice , the soundtrack to the 2010 film Alice in Wonderland .

`` Alice '' is an alternative rock song written and performed by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne for the soundtrack to the 2010 movie Alice in Wonderland , entitled Almost Alice .


Lavigne wrote the song after asking Disney executives and film director Tim Burton if she could write a song for the film .

According to Lavigne , she wrote the song after asking Disney executives and director Tim Burton for a role on the soundtrack .


In January 2010 , Lavigne was in a board meeting at the Disney offices going over clothing designs inspired by Alice in Wonderland for her Abbey Dawn line , when she mentioned to the executives that she was writing music for her upcoming album and would love to write a song for the film 's soundtrack .

While designing clothes inspired by Alice in Wonderland for her Abbey Dawn line , Lavigne told Disney executives she could write a song for the film 's soundtrack .


Discussions between Lavigne 's manager and film executives took place , and director Tim Burton agreed to let Lavigne write the song .

Director Tim Burton agreed , and Lavigne `` wrote the song immediately '' on her piano .


It was put on an eight-cent U.S. Postal Service postage stamp in 1973 , the first of their regular series of `` love stamps '' .

It was put on an eight-cent US Postal Service postage stamp in 1973 , the first of their regular series of `` love stamps . ''


Indiana 's work often consists of bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like EAT , HUG , and , his best known example , LOVE .

Indiana 's work often has bold , simple , iconic images , especially numbers and short words like `` EAT '' , `` HUG '' , and `` LOVE '' .


Robert Indiana was born Robert Clark in New Castle , Indiana .

Robert Indiana ( born as Robert Clark in New Castle , Indiana on September 13 , 1928 ) is an American artist .


The red\/green\/blue image was then created for a Christmas card for the Museum of Modern Art in 1964 .

Indiana 's best known image is the word love in upper-case letters , arranged in a square with a tilted letter O . This image was first created for a Christmas card for the Museum of Modern Art in 1964 .


Sculptures of the image can be found at many places , see list of Love sculptures .

Sculptures of the image can be found at many places in the United States : Sculptures of the image can also be found at many places outside of the United States : An Indiana sculpture showing the Hebrew word for love ( ahava ) is displayed at The Israel Museum in Jerusalem , Israel .


Other well-known works by Indiana include : his painting the unique basketball court formerly used by the Milwaukee Bucks in that city 's MECCA Arena , with a large M shape taking up each half of the court ; his sculpture in the lobby of Taipei 101 , called 1-0 ( 2002 , aluminum ) , using multicoloured numbers to suggest the conduct of world trade and the patterns of human life ; and the works he created in the aftermath of the September 11 , 2001 attacks and exhibited in New York in 2004 called the Peace Paintings .

His sculpture in the lobby of Taipei 101 , called 1-0 ( 2002 , aluminum ) , uses multicolored numbers .


For this reason , many see it as an important and appropriate distinction to include a space in the term , as in trans woman , thus using trans as merely an adjective describing a particular type of woman ; this is in contrast to the usage of transwoman as one word , implying a `` third gender '' .

Because of this many see it as important to include a space in the name , as in `` trans woman '' , using `` trans '' as a word to talk about a particular type of woman , not a `` third gender '' as `` transwoman '' might imply .


A trans woman ( sometimes trans-woman or transwoman ) is a male-to-female ( MTF ) transgender person with a female gender identity .

A transwoman ( sometimes spelled as trans-woman or trans woman ) is a male-to-female ( MTF ) transsexual or transgendered person .


`` Transition '' refers to the process of adopting a social and personal identity that corresponds to one 's own sense of the gendered self , and may or may not include medical intervention ( hormone treatment , surgery , etc. ) , changes in legal documents ( name and\/or sex indicated on identification , birth certificate , etc. ) , and personal expression ( clothing , accessories , voice , body language ) .

`` Transitioning '' refers to the act of changing a person 's social and personal gender identity to the gender identity that they feel is their real self , and may or may not include having medical treatments done , or surgery , and the changing of their legal papers to show their new identity ( such as their birth certificate ) and changing the way that they dress .


Propaganda can be used as a form of ideological or commercial warfare .

When a country is not at war , propaganda can still be used .


This type of prairie has the best type of farming soil .

This type of habitat usually has rich soil and is very good for farming .


Blake was born Michael James Vincenzo Gubitosi in Nutley , New Jersey .

Robert Blake ( born Michael James Vincenzo Gubitosi September 18 , 1933 in Nutley , New Jersey , U.S. ) , is an American actor .


In 1967 , he played real-life murderer Perry Smith in In Cold Blood ; Richard Brooks directed , adapting Truman Capote 's non-fiction book for the film .

Robert Blake shot to fame when playing Perry in the film In Cold Blood ( 1967 ) based on the book by Truman Capote , and directed by Richard Brooks .


The university comprises 17 colleges that offer more than 150 programs of study .

The university has 18 Colleges that offer more than 150 programs of study .


The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ( U of I , University of Illinois , UIUC , or simply Illinois ) is a public research-intensive university in the U.S. state of Illinois .

The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ( UIUC ) is a university in the state of Illinois , United States .


This remained the official name for nearly 100 years , until it was changed to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1982 ( using the reverse of the commonly used designation for the local area , `` Champaign-Urbana '' ) , ostensibly to establish a separate identity for the campus within the University of Illinois system .

In 1982 , the name of the university was changed from the University of Illinois to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign .


A land-grant university , it is the flagship campus of the University of Illinois system .

It is the oldest and largest campus in the University of Illinois system .


From the beginning , Gregory 's desire to establish an institution firmly grounded in the liberal arts tradition was at odds with many State residents and lawmakers who wanted the university to offer classes based solely around `` industrial education '' The University finally opened for classes on March 2 , 1868 , with only two faculty members and 77 students .

It opened for classes on March 2 , 1868 with only two faculty members and a small group of students .


Thomas Tinker and his family , comprising his wife and son , came in 1620 as English Separatists from Holland on the historic voyage of the Pilgrim Ship Mayflower .

Thomas Tinker ( c. 1581-1620\/21 ) and his wife and son were Separatists from the Netherlands who traveled on the Pilgrim Ship Mayflower in 1620 .


Thomas Tinker was buried in Coles Hill Burial Ground in Plymouth , likely in an unmarked grave as with many passengers who died in the early days .

Thomas Tinker and his son was buried in Cole 's Hill Burial Ground in Plymouth , with many passengers who died in the early days .


The small , 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of about 30-40 in extremely cramped conditions .

There were 102 passengers and 30-40 crew .


The Mayflower departed Plymouth , England on September 6\/16 , 1620 .

Tinker , his wife and son left Plymouth , England on 16 September 1620 .


Thomas Tinker was a signatory to the Mayflower Compact .

Thomas Tinker was a signer to the `` Mayflower Compact '' .


Bradford used the term `` died in the first sickness '' for the family so presumption is made they died possibly in December 1620 or January 1621 when illness had become rampant .

That was in December 1620 or January 1621 .


The prefecture also has some islands , including Notojima , Mitsukejima , Hegurajima .

The prefecture includes some islands in the Sea of Japan , including Notojima , Mitsukejima , Hegurajima .


Ishikawa was formed from the merger of Kaga Province and the smaller Noto Province .

Ishikawa was formed merging Kaga Province and the smaller Noto Province .


is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region on Honshū island .

is a prefecture in the Chūbu region of Japan on the island of Honshū .


The northern part of the prefecture consists of the narrow Noto Peninsula , while the southern part is wider and consists mostly of mountains with the prefecture 's chief city , Kanazawa , located in the coastal plain .

The Noto Peninsula is in the northern part of the prefecture .


In the southern Everglades was Everglades National Park .


, 518-587 ) was the 31st Emperor of Japan , according to the traditional order of succession .

, died 587 ) was the 31st emperor of Japan , according to the traditional order of succession .


Emperor Yōmei was the fourth son of Emperor Kimmei and his mother was Soga no Kitashihime , a daughter of Soga no Iname .

His mother , Soga no Kitashihime , was a daughter of Soga no Iname .


Yomei had three Empresses and seven Imperial sons and daughters .

Yōmei had three Empresses and seven Imperial sons and daughters .


This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) at Osaka .

Yōmei is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) which is associated with the burial mound .


Yōmei 's reign spanned the years from 585 until his death in 587 .

The years of the reign of Yōmei start in 585 and end in 587 .


COCPs should be taken at approximately the same time every day .

COCPs should be taken at about the same time every day .


Combined oral contraceptive pills should be taken at the same time each day .

The combined oral contraceptive pill is thought to be safe and usually works well .


The combined oral contraceptive pill ( COCP ) , often referred to as the birth-control pill or colloquially as `` the pill '' , is a birth control method that includes a combination of an estrogen ( estradiol ) and a progestogen ( progestin ) .

The combined oral contraceptive pill has two female hormones : estrogen and progesterone .


If started at any other time in the menstrual cycle , COCPs provide effective contraception only after 7 consecutive days use of active pills , so a backup method of contraception must be used until active pills have been taken for 7 consecutive days .

When active pills have been taken for 7 days , COCPs can work well to prevent pregnancy .


The cancers diagnosed in women who had used combined oral contraceptives were less advanced clinically than those diagnosed in women who had never used these contraceptives . ''

Women who use combined oral contraceptives are less likely to get cancer of the ovaries .


Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks , made generally of charred white oak .

Whisky , or whiskey , is an alcoholic drink distilled from grain and aged in wooden casks .


After completing his training as an actor at The Municipal School of Performing Arts ( Escuela Municipal de Arte Dramático or EMAD ) in Buenos Aires in 1991 , Pablo became a professional mime .

He trained as an actor at The Municipal School of Performing Arts ( Spanish : Escuela Municipal de Arte Dramático or EMAD ) in Buenos Aires in 1989-1991 .


Pablo Zibes ( \* 1971 in Buenos Aires ) is an Argentinian actor and mime ; he has resided in Germany since 1995 .

Pablo Zibes ( born in 1971 in Buenos Aires ) is an Argentinian actor and mime .


He collected experience as a mime and street performer while traveling through Europe and Asia .

He worked as a mime and street performer in Europe and Asia .


He performs mostly for festivals , events , conventions , and television ; he specializes in walk-around entertainment as different characters , such as a robot or wind-up toy soldier .

He does walk-around entertainment as different characters , like a robot or wind-up toy soldier .


In terms of numbers , actinopterygians are the dominant class of vertebrates , comprising nearly 99 % of the over 30,000 species of fish .

Actinopterygians are the largest class of vertebrates .


The ray-finned fishes are so called because they possess lepidotrichia or `` fin rays '' , their fins being webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines ( `` rays '' ) , as opposed to the fleshy , lobed fins that characterize the class Sarcopterygii which also , however , possess lepidotrichia .

The ray-finned fishes get their name from the fact that they have lepidotrichia or `` fin rays '' .


Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes or other fruits .

Red wine is made from red grapes , and white wine is made from white grapes .


In 2006 the European Commission established goals for Bulgaria to improve its fight against corruption and organised crime .

In 2006 the European Commission made goals for Bulgaria to improve its fight against corruption and organised crime .


Varna is known to be the main hub for Bulgarian organized crime .

Varna is known to be the main place for Bulgarian organized crime .


Some sectors of the economy , including gambling , corporate security , tourism , real estate , and professional sports , are believed to be controlled in part by business groups with links to Communist-era secret services or the military ; the TIM group , based in Varna , is one example .

Some parts of the economy , including gambling , corporate security , tourism , real estate , and professional sports , are believed to be controlled by these groups .


In the 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index , Bulgaria ranked 86th out of 182 countries .

In 2011 Bulgaria ranked 86th out of 182 countries on how corrupt they are thought to be .


In 1636 , the family , now numbering 6 - Edward and Susanna White Winslow , Resolved and Peregrine White , and the two children born to Edward and Susanna , Josias and Elizabeth Winslow - moved to the new settlement of Marshfield , north of Plymouth .

In 1636 , the family , now numbering 6 - Edward and Susanna White Winslow , Resolved and Peregrine White , and the two children born to Edward and Susanna , Josias and Elizabeth Winslow - moved to the new settlement of Marshfield .


On June 3 , 1662 Peregrine was chosen deputy for Marshfield .

On 3 June 1662 Peregrine was chosen deputy for Marshfield .


On October 2 , 1658 he was chosen to the council of war .

On October 2 , 1658 White was chosen to the council of war .


On June 3 , 1652 William Bassett Sr. of Duxburrow gave his son-in-law Lt. Peregrine White 40 acres of upland .

In 1652 William Bassett Sr. of Duxburrow gave his son-in-law Lt. Peregrine White forty acres of land .


Peregrine White died on July 20 , 1704 in Marshfield , Massachusetts at age 83 years and 8 months .

He died in what is now known as Marshfield , Massachusetts on July 20 , 1704 at the age of 83 years and 8 months .


On March 4 , 1673\/4 Lt. Peregrine White was granted 100 acres at Titicut .

and on March 4 , 1673\/4 Lt. Peregrine White was granted another 100 acres .


On May 22 , 1696 Capt. Peregrine White `` the first born Child of New England born November 1620 '' was admitted into the Marshfield Church in his 78th year .

On May 22 , 1696 Captain Peregrine White was admitted into the Marshfield Church .


Peregrine served in the militia at age 16 and continued to serve , first as a lieutenant and then a captain .


Peregrine White married before March 6 , 1648\/9 Sarah Bassett , daughter of William and Elizabeth\/Elisabeth _____ Bassett .


At some point he also served his community as a representative to the General Court .

At some point he became a representative to the General Court .


On June 16 , 1656 as written , William Bassett Sr. of Duxborrow ( sic ) , now living at Bridgewater , gave his lands in Scituate to his sons Peregrine White and Nathaniel Bassett .

There was some troubles with the Indians On June 16 , 1662 William Bassett Sr. gave his lands to his two sons , Peregrine White and Nathaniel Bassett .


The PROTECT IP Act ( Preventing Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property Act , or PIPA ) is a proposed law with the stated goal of giving the US government and copyright holders additional tools to curb access to `` rogue websites dedicated to the sale of infringing or counterfeit goods '' , especially those registered outside the U.S. .

The Protect Intellectual Property Act ( Preventing Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property Act ) , also called PIPA , is a proposed American law to stop copyright infringement on the Internet .


In the 1930s the Swedish writer Amelie Posse Brazdova wrote a book entitled Sardinia Side Show , where she told the complete story of 2 years she spent `` interned '' in Alghero old town during World War I.

In the 1930s , the Swedish writer Amelie Posse Brazdova wrote a book entitled Sardinia Side Show , where she told the complete story of 2 years she spent `` interned '' in Alghero old town during World War I.


It lies in the province of Sassari in northwestern Sardinia , next to the Mediterranean Sea .

It lies in the province of Sassari in northwestern Sardinia , next to the sea .


Alghero ( Italian pronunciation : ( alˈɡɛro ) ; Catalan : L'Alguer , pronounced : ( ɫəɫˈɣe ) , locally : ( lalˈɣe ) ; Sardinian : S'Alighèra ; Sassarese : La Liéra ) , is a town of about 44,000 inhabitants in Italy .

Alghero ( Italian pronunciation : ( alˈɡɛro ) ; Catalan : L'Alguer , IPA : ( ɫəɫˈɣe ) , locally : ( lalˈɣe ) ; Sardinian : S'Alighèra ; Sassarese Sardinian : La Liéra ) , is a city of about 44,000 citizens in Italy .


It would have been a quadrupedal herbivore with a long , low skull on the end of a long neck , much like its relative Dicraeosaurus .

It was a quadrupedal herbivore with a long , low skull on the end of a long neck , much like its relative Dicraeosaurus .


It was small for a sauropod , reaching 10 meters ( 33 feet ) length .

It grew to 10 meters ( 33 feet ) length , which was relatively small for a sauropod .


SkyTeam was the last of the three major airline alliances to be formed , the first two being Star Alliance and Oneworld .

It was the last of the three major airline alliances to be established after Star Alliance and Oneworld .


As of March 2014 ( update ) , SkyTeam flies to more than 1,000 destinations in 178 countries , and operates some 15,700 daily flights with a combined fleet of over 4,400 aircraft , including associate carriers .

SkyTeam flies to more than 1,000 destinations in 178 countries , and operates some 15,200 daily flights with a combined fleet of over 4,300 aircraft , including associate carriers .


SkyTeam was founded in 2000 by Aeroméxico , Air France , Delta Air Lines , and Korean Air .

SkyTeam was founded or established in 2000 by five airlines , Aeroméxico , Air France , Delta Air Lines , and Korean Air .


The alliance and its members have a total workforce of 459,781 ; furthermore , it has 564 lounges worldwide to serve 588 million annual passengers .

As of June 2013 ( update ) , the alliance and its members had a total workforce of 452,590 ; furthermore , it had 530 lounges worldwide to serve 569 million annual passengers .


It was the first Russian airline to be associated with any airline alliance .

Though it was the last of three airline alliances to be established it is second only behind Star Alliance by number of passengers and number of member airlines .


The primary site of Kerma that forms the heart of the Kingdom of Kerma includes both an extensive town and a cemetery consisting of large tumuli .

The site of Kerma includes both an extensive town and a cemetery consisting of large tumuli .


Corpus Christi College ( full name : `` The College of Corpus Christi and the Blessed Virgin Mary '' , often shortened to `` Corpus '' , or previously `` The Body '' ) is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge .

Corpus Christi College ( full name : The College of Corpus Christi and the Blessed Virgin Mary ) is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge , England .


This court also housed the Butler Library , the college 's student library , directly below the Parker Library .

The college has another library , the Parker library , that has very old and precious books .


By the 1950s , Potter Park Zoo had 138 mammals and 267 birds .

In the 1950s , Potter Park Zoo had 138 mammals and 267 birds .


In 2009 the Wings from Down Under aviary opened , allowing guests to interact with more than 600 Australian birds .

In 2009 the Wings from Down Under aviary opened with more than 600 Australian birds .


The barnyard and petting zoo were added in 1949 .

The barnyard and petting zoo opened in 1949 .


Also that year , the River Otter and Arctic Fox exhibits opened .

In 2005 the River Otter and Arctic Fox exhibits opened .


The zoo 's Lion House was extensively renovated in 1989 and became known as the Feline and Primate Building .

In 1989 the zoo 's Lion House was renovated and renamed the Feline and Primate Building .


The zoo announced preliminary plans for a new , expanded eastern black rhinoceros exhibit on January 7 , 2009 .

In January 2009 the zoo announced plans to expand the eastern black rhinoceros exhibit .


Potter Park Zoo is the oldest public zoo in Michigan and is currently home to over 160 species of animals .

Potter Park Zoo is the oldest public zoo in Michigan .


In 2005 endangered tiger cubs were born at Potter Park Zoo ; later , they were featured on NBC 's Today Show .

In 2005 endangered tiger cubs were born at the zoo .


In March 2010 Potter Park Zoo artificially inseminated a female snow leopard , believed to be the world first successful procedure without surgery or anesthesia .

In March 2010 Potter Park Zoo artificially inseminated a female snow leopard .


The zoo grew for the decades afterward until the late 1960s when the zoo began a decline from municipal neglect .

In the late 1960s , the zoo began a decline from municipal neglect .


The aviary was constructed in 1941 , with renovations completed in 1982 .


The Bird and Reptile House was completed in 1929 ; the following year the Lion House opened .

The Bird and Reptile building opened in 1929 .


In 1986 Potter Park Zoo received American Association of Zoos and Aquariums ( AZA ) accreditation , at the time one of the smallest zoos in the country to achieve that status .

In 1986 the zoo became a member of the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums ( AZA ) .


Monkey Island , ( converted to a bighorn sheep exhibit in the 1990s , and now removed as of 2010 ) , was constructed by the Works Progress Administration in 1936 .

The bighorn sheep exhibit ( originally called Monkey Island ) was constructed in 1936 .


The zoo participates in the Association of Zoos and Aquariums ( AZA ) Species Survival Plan ( SSP ) designed to manage and conserve threatened or endangered animals .

The zoo is a member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums ( AZA ) .


The Potter Park Zoo is a 102-acre ( 41.3 ha ) zoo located in Lansing , Michigan , within Lansing 's Potter Park .

The Potter Park Zoo is a zoo in Lansing , Michigan .


An individual in the crowd shouted , `` I ca n't hear you , '' to which Bush replied , `` I can hear you .

A person in the crowd shouted , `` I ca n't hear you , '' to which Bush replied , `` I can hear you .


In a later address before Congress , the president declared , `` As a symbol of America 's resolve , my administration will work with Congress , and these two leaders , to show the world that we will rebuild New York City . ''

In an address to Congress , the president said , `` As a symbol of America 's resolve , my administration will work with Congress , and these two leaders , to show the world that we will rebuild New York City . ''


On October 12 , 2004 , the LMDC announced that Gehry Partners LLP and Snøhetta , an architectural firm from Norway , would design the site 's performing arts and museum complexes , respectively .

On October 12 , 2004 , the LMDC announced that Gehry Partners LLP and Snøhetta , an architectural company from Norway , would design a performing arts center and museum at the site .


During a visit to the site on September 14 , 2001 , Bush spoke to a crowd of cleanup workers through a megaphone .

During a visit to the site on September 14 , 2001 , Bush spoke to a crowd of workers through a megaphone .


In December 2001 , a temporary viewing platform at Fulton Street , between Church Street and Broadway , opened to the public .

In December 2001 , a viewing area at Fulton Street , between Church Street and Broadway , was opened to the public .


However , ten years after the attacks , only one building , 7 World Trade Center , had been rebuilt .

However , 12 years after the attacks , only two buildings , 4 World Trade Center and 7 World Trade Center , have been rebuilt .


Nearly 3,000 people died in the attacks .


The collapse of the towers spread dust across New York City and left hundreds of thousands of tons of debris at the site .

When the towers fell , they caused dust to spread in New York City , and left hundreds of thousands of tons of debris at the site .


A memorial called `` Reflecting Absence '' honors the victims of the September 11 attacks and the 1993 World Trade Center bombing .

A memorial , `` Reflecting Absence '' , honors the people killed in the September 11 attacks and the 1993 World Trade Center bombing .


The memorial , designed by Peter Walker and Israeli-American architect Michael Arad , consists of a field of trees interrupted by the footprints of the twin towers .

It was designed by Peter Walker and Israeli-American architect Michael Arad .


Soon after the September 11 attacks , Mayor Rudy Giuliani , Governor George Pataki , and President George W. Bush vowed to rebuild the World Trade Center site .

The new World Trade Center complex will have the following buildings : Soon after the September 11 attacks , Mayor Rudy Giuliani , Governor George Pataki , and President George W. Bush said that they would rebuild the World Trade Center .


Governor Pataki established the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation ( LMDC ) in November 2001 , as an official commission to oversee the rebuilding process .

In November 2001 , Governor Pataki started the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation ( LMDC ) to oversee the rebuilding of the World Trade Center .


The Snøhetta-designed museum will act as a memorial museum and visitors ' center , after family members of 9\/11 victims objected to the building 's original occupant , the International Freedom Center .

The museum will act as a memorial museum and a visitors ' center for the site .


The LMDC coordinates federal assistance in the rebuilding process , and works with the Port Authority , Larry Silverstein , and Studio Daniel Libeskind , the master plan architect for the site 's redesign .

The LMDC leads federal help in the rebuilding , and works with the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey , Larry Silverstein , and Studio Daniel Libeskind .


The previous World Trade Center complex stood on the site until it was destroyed in the September 11 attacks ; Studio Daniel Libeskind , the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey , Silverstein Properties , and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation oversee the reconstruction of the site .

The site is overseen by Studio Daniel Libeskind , the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey , Silverstein Properties , and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation .


This is called the Tribute in Light , and was originally lit every day at dusk until April 14 , 2002 .

It was lit up every day at dusk until April 14 , 2002 .


Cleanup workers trucked most of the building materials and debris from Ground Zero to Fresh Kills Landfill in Staten Island .

Building materials and debris from Ground Zero were sent to the Fresh Kills Landfill in Staten Island .


On the day of the attacks , Giuliani proclaimed , `` We will rebuild .

On the day of the attacks , Giuliani said , `` We will rebuild .


Two buildings are in the construction phase currently , One World Trade Center and 150 Greenwich Street ( known as Four World Trade Center ) .

One building , One World Trade Center , is currently under construction .


After that , the lights were lit on the two-year anniversary of the attack and have been lit on each subsequent September 11 since then .

After that , it was lit up for the second anniversary of the attacks , on September 11 , 2003 .


After the attacks , hospital workers and police officers began referring to the World Trade Center site as `` Ground Zero '' .

After the attacks , hospital workers and police offers began calling the site `` Ground Zero '' .


The World Trade Center site ( ZIP code : 10048 ) , formerly known as `` Ground Zero '' after the September 11 attacks , sits on 16 acres ( 65,000 m2 ) in Lower Manhattan in New York City .

Coordinates : 40 ° 42 ′ 42 ″ N 74 ° 00 ′ 44 ″ W \ / 40.711641 ° N 74.012253 ° W \ / 40.711641 ; -74.012253 The World Trade Center site ( ZIP code : 10048 ) , originally called Ground Zero , sits on 16 acres ( 65,000 m2 ) in Lower Manhattan in New York City .


To organize the cleanup and search for survivors and for human remains , the New York City Fire Department divided the disaster site into four sectors , each headed by its own chief .

The New York City Fire Department separated the site into four areas to make cleanup of the site and the search for people who survived the attack easier .


The corporation also handles communication with the local community , businesses , the city of New York , and relatives of victims of the September 11 attacks .

It also communicates with the local community , businesses , the city of New York , and the families of the people who were killed in the September 11 attacks .


The puzzle pieces worn by the character are from an earlier version of the Wikipedia puzzle-ball logo .

She is also wearing three parts of the puzzle of the wikipedia 's logo .


By the middle of the 19th century , the Sovereign appointed royal governors on the advice of the Secretary of State for the Colonies .

By the middle of the nineteenth century , the Sovereign appointed royal governors on the advice of the Secretary of State for the Colonies .


Until the mid-19th century , the term `` Crown Colony '' was primarily used to refer to those colonies that had been acquired through wars , such as Trinidad and Tobago and British Guiana , but after that time it was more broadly applied to any colony other than the Presidencies and provinces of British India and the colonies of settlement , such as The Canadas , Newfoundland , British Columbia , New South Wales , Queensland , South Australia , Tasmania , Victoria , Western Australia , and New Zealand , later to become the Dominions .

Examples were Trinidad and Tobago , British Guiana , and the colonies of settlement , such as The Canadas , Newfoundland , New South Wales , Queensland , South Australia , Tasmania , Victoria , Western Australia , and New Zealand , later to become the Dominions .


Under the name of `` royal colony '' , the first of what would later become known as Crown colonies was the English Colony of Virginia in the present-day United States , after the Crown , in 1624 , revoked the Royal Charter it had granted to the Virginia Company , taking over direct administration .

Under the name of `` royal colony '' , the first of what would later become known as Crown colonies was the English Colony of Virginia .


Crown , or royal , colonies were ruled by a governor appointed by the Monarch .

Crown , or royal colonies were ruled by a governor which is decided by the Monarch .


The modern theory of elasticity generalizes Hooke 's law to say that the strain ( deformation ) of an elastic object or material is proportional to the stress applied to it .

This theory of elasticity says the extension of a spring is proportional to the load applied to it .


An elastic body or material for which this equation can be assumed is said to be linear-elastic or Hookean .

Materials for which Hooke 's law is useful are known as linear-elastic or `` Hookean '' materials .


That is : where is a constant factor characteristic of the spring , its stiffness .

The equation for that is : where F is how much ( push or pull ) is on the spring k is a constant , the stiffness of the spring .


There is one additional figure ( the 24-cell ) which has no exact three-dimensional equivalent .

There is one additional figure ( the 24-cell ) which has no three-dimensional equivalent .


Five of these may be thought of as higher-dimensional analogs of the Platonic solids .

Five of these may be thought of as higher dimensional analogs of the Platonic solids .


Various other visualizations can be found in the external links below .

Various other visualizations can be found in the other websites below .


These polychora were first described by the Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli in the mid-19th century .

These polytopes were first described by the Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli in the mid-19th century .


Each convex regular polychoron is bounded by a set of 3-dimensional cells which are all Platonic solids of the same type and size .

Each convex regular 4-polytope is bounded by a set of 3-dimensional cells which are all Platonic solids of the same type and size .


The following table shows some 2-dimensional projections of these polychora .

The following table shows some 2 dimensional projections of these polytopes .


For example , the Occupy movement uses it on campaign posters .

For example , the Occupy movement uses it on their posters .


The QRpedia server then uses Wikipedia 's API to determine whether there is a version of the specified Wikipedia article in the language used by the device , and if so , returns it in a mobile-friendly format .

The QRpedia server then uses Wikipedia 's API to find out if there is a version of the specified Wikipedia article in the language used by the device .


The project 's name is a portmanteau word , combining the initials `` QR '' from `` QR ( Quick Response ) code '' and `` pedia '' from `` Wikipedia '' .

The project 's name is a made-up word , using the initials `` QR '' from `` QR ( Quick Response ) code '' and `` pedia '' from `` Wikipedia '' .


If there is no version of the article available in the preferred language , then the QRpedia server offers a choice of the available languages , or a Google translation .

If there is no translation of the requested article , then the QRpedia server offers a choice of the available languages .


The project 's source code is freely reusable under the MIT License .

The project 's source code is has a MIT License .


When a user scans a QRpedia QR code on their mobile device , the device decodes the QR code into a Uniform Resource Locator ( URL ) using the domain name `` qrwp.org '' and whose path ( final part ) is the title of a Wikipedia article , and sends a request for the article specified in the URL to the QRpedia web server .

A user uses their mobile device to scan a QRpedia QR code .


QRpedia is a mobile Web based system which uses QR codes to deliver Wikipedia articles to users , in their preferred language .

It uses QR codes to show Wikipedia articles to people .


QRpedia was conceived by Roger Bamkin , a Wikipedia volunteer , and Terence Eden , a mobile web consultant , and was unveiled on 9 April 2011 at Derby Museum and Art Gallery 's Backstage Pass event , part of the `` GLAM\/Derby '' collaboration between the museum and Wikipedia , during which over 1,200 Wikipedia articles , in several languages , were also created .

The event was part of the GLAM\/Derby collaboration between Derby Museum and Art Gallery and Wikipedia .


In this way , one QRcode can deliver the same article in many languages , even when the museum is unable to make its own translations .

In this way , a single QRcode can be used to find the same article , in many languages .


Though created in the United Kingdom , QRpedia can be used in any location where the user 's phone or tablet has a data signal ( or remembers URLs until a signal is available ) and is in use at venues including : QRpedia also has uses outside of such institutions .

QRpedia is used at : QRpedia is also used in other kinds of places .


The Newport Aquarium is an aquarium located in Newport , Kentucky , United States at Newport on the Levee .

The Newport Aquarium is a public aquarium in Newport , Kentucky , United States .


He was the last survivor of the Battle of Jutland , the last surviving member of the Royal Naval Air Service ( RNAS ) and the last surviving founding member of the Royal Air Force ( RAF ) .

He was the last survivor of the Battle of Jutland , the last surviving member of the Royal Naval Air Service ( RNAS ) and the last surviving founding member of the Royal Air Force .


Allingham was the oldest ever surviving member of any of the British Armed Forces and one of the oldest surviving veterans of the First World War .

Allingham was the oldest ever member of any of the British Armed Forces and the oldest veteran of the First World War .


Henry William Allingham ( 6 June 1896 - 18 July 2009 ) was a British supercentenarian , First World War veteran and , for one month , the verified oldest living man in the world .

Henry Allingham ( born London , 6 June 1896 - 18 July 2009 ) was a British supercentenarian and a First World War veteran .


Allingham was awarded four medals , two of which were medals from the First World War .

Henry Allingham had four medals , two of which were from the First World War .


Allingham was born in 1896 in Clapton , County of London .

Allingham was born on 6 June 1896 in London , England .


This was some distance 17 km ( 11 mi ) west of the Oder and 90 km ( 56 mi ) east of Berlin .

The Seelow Heights are 17 kilometers west of the Oder and 45 kilometres east of Berlin .


On 20 April , Hitler 's birthday , Soviet artillery of the 1st Belorussian Front began shelling Berlin and did not stop until the city surrendered .

They did not stop until the city surrendered .


The sun is directly overhead at solar noon at the Equator on the equinoxes , at the Tropic of Cancer ( latitude 23 ° 26 ′ 16 ″ N ) on the June solstice , and at the Tropic of Capricorn ( 23 ° 26 ′ 16 ″ S ) on the December solstice .

The sun is directly overhead at solar noon at the equator on the equinoxes ; at Tropic of Cancer ( latitude 23 1\/2 ° N ) on the summer solstice in June ; and at Tropic of Capricorn ( 23 1\/2 ° S ) on the winter solstice in December .


This is also the origin of the terms ante meridiem ( a.m. ) and post meridiem ( p.m. ) as noted below .

This is also the origin of the terms a.m. and p.m. , ante meridiem and post meridiem .


Solar noon is when the sun is at its highest elevation in the sky .

Solar noon is when the sun appears the highest in the sky , compared to its positions during the rest of the day .


In ancient China , during Ming Dynasty nail lacquers and varnishes were created from the mixture of beeswax , egg whites , gelatin , vegetable dyes and gum arabic .

In China it started off being made from a combination of beeswax , egg whites , gelatin , vegetable dyes , and gum arabic and rose petals .


Nail art is a creative way to decorate nails .

Nail art is a creative activity that draws pictures or designs fingernails .


It is a type of art which can be done on fingernails and toenails .

These days fingernails and toenails are seen by some as important points of beauty .


Bishops form the leadership in the Roman Catholic Church , the Eastern Orthodox Church , the Oriental Orthodox Churches , the Anglican Communion , the Lutheran Church , the Independent Catholic Churches , the Independent Anglican Churches , and certain other , smaller , denominations .

The Presbyterian churches are examples .


Some Protestant churches including the Lutheran and Methodist churches have bishops serving similar functions as well , though not always understood to be within apostolic succession in the same way .

However , some Protestant churches have no bishops or archbishops .


Arthur Rubinstein , KBE ( January 28 , 1887 - December 20 , 1982 ) was a Polish-American classical pianist .

Arthur Rubinstein ( January 28 , 1887 - December 20 , 1982 ) was a Polish-American pianist .


And so he was called Artur , although in English-speaking countries , he preferred to be known as Arthur Rubinstein .

Although his given name is Artur Rubinstein , in English-speaking countries he wanted to be known as Arthur Rubinstein .


His United States impresario Sol Hurok , however , insisted he be billed as Artur , and records were released in the West under both versions of his name .

However , his United States impresario Sol Hurok wanted him to still be billed as Artur , and his recordings were released in the West under both names .


Some species have simple ocelli on the head , and all species have tiny bristles on the body to provide a sense of touch .

Some species have simple ocelli ( eye-spots ) on the head , and all species have tiny bristles on the body to provide a sense of touch .


The nervous system consists of a ventral nerve cord , with one ganglion in each segment , and an anterior nerve ring surrounding the pharynx .

It consists of a ventral nerve cord , with one ganglion in each segment , and an anterior nerve ring surrounding the pharynx .


These spines are used for locomotion , withdrawing the head and pushing forward , then gripping the substrate with the spines while drawing up the body .

These spines are used for movement , withdrawing the head and pushing forward , then gripping the substrate with the spines while drawing up the body .


The spines are essentially moveable extensions of the body wall , and are hollow and covered by cuticle .

The spines are moveable extensions of the body wall , and are hollow and covered by cuticle .


The body wall consists of a thin syncitial layer , which secretes a tough cuticle ; this is molted several times while growing to adulthood .

The body wall consists of a thin layer , which secretes a tough cuticle ; this is molted several times while growing to adulthood .


Scoville Library in Salisbury was the first in the United States open to the public free of charge .

Scoville Library in Salisbury was the first in the United States to be open to the public free of charge .


Within Salisbury there are several ponds and six lakes : Wononscopomuc , Washinee , Washining , Wononpakook , Riga Lake and South Pond .

In Salisbury there are several ponds and six lakes : Wononscopomuc , Washinee , Washining , Wononpakook , Riga Lake and South Pond .


The MA-NY-CT ( Massachusetts-New York-Connecticut ) Tri-State Marker is located just on the border of Salisbury .

The MA-NY-CT ( Massachusetts-New York-Connecticut ) Tri-State Marker is just on the border of Salisbury .


The town is the northwest-most in the State of Connecticut .

The town is the most northwest in the State of Connecticut .


Although the peak of Mount Frissell lies in Massachusetts at an elevation of 2,453 ft , the south slope of the mountain ( 2,380 ft ) in Salisbury , is the highest point in Connecticut .

Although the peak of Mount Frissell is in Massachusetts , the south slope of the mountain is in Salisbury .


The word was first used scientifically within the field of optics to describe the rainbow of colors in visible light when separated using a prism .

They used the word to describe the rainbow of colors in visible light when separated using a prism .


The corresponding Kelvin and Rankine temperature scales set their zero points at absolute zero by definition .

The Kelvin and Rankine temperature scales are defined so that absolute zero is 0 kelvins ( K ) or 0 degrees Rankine ( ° R ) .


Max Planck 's strong form of the third law of thermodynamics states the entropy of a perfect crystal vanishes at absolute zero .

The Third Law of Thermodynamics says that nothing can ever have a temperature of absolute zero .


Eratosthenes was the founder of scientific chronology ; he endeavored to revise the dates of the chief literary and political events from the conquest of Troy .

Eratosthenes was also the founder of scientific chronology ; he wanted to fix the dates of the chief literary and political events from the conquest of Troy .


In mathematics , the sieve of Eratosthenes ( Greek : κόσκινον Ἐρατοσθένους ) , one of a number of prime number sieves , is a simple , ancient algorithm for finding all prime numbers up to any given limit .

In mathematics , the Sieve of Eratosthenes ( Greek : κόσκινον Ἐρατοσθένους ) is a simple , ancient algorithm for finding all prime numbers up to a specified integer .


He created the first map of the world incorporating parallels and meridians , based on the available geographical knowledge of the era .

He created a map of the world based on the available geographical knowledge of the era .


Assuming that the Earth was spherical ( 360 ° ) , and that Alexandria was due north of Syene , he concluded that the meridian arc distance from Alexandria to Syene must therefore be 1\/50th of a circle 's circumference , or 7 ° 12 ' \ / 360 ° .

Assuming that Alexandria was due north of Syene he concluded that the distance from Alexandria to Syene must be 1\/50 of the total circumference of the Earth ( 360 degrees ) .


He was also the first to calculate the tilt of the Earth 's axis ( again with remarkable accuracy ) .

He calculated the tilt of the earth 's axis ( again with remarkable accuracy ) ; he may also have accurately calculated the distance from the earth to the sun and invented the leap day .


Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth without leaving Egypt .

Eratosthenes measured the circumference of the Earth without leaving Egypt .


Eratosthenes knew that at local noon on the summer solstice in the Ancient Egyptian city of Swenet ( known in ancient Greek as Syene , and now as Aswan ) on the Tropic of Cancer , the Sun would appear at the zenith , directly overhead .

He knew that on the summer solstice at local noon at the city now called Aswan on the Tropic of Cancer , the sun would appear at the zenith , directly overhead .


Using a gnomon , he measured the Sun 's angle of elevation at noon on the solstice in Alexandria , and found it to be 1\/50th of a circle ( 7 ° 12 ' ) south of the zenith .

He also knew , from measurement , that in Alexandria , the angle of elevation of the sun would be 1\/50 of a full circle ( 7 ° 12 ' ) south of the zenith at the same time .


Eratosthenes of Cyrene ( Ancient Greek : Ἐρατοσθένης , IPA : ( eratostʰénɛːs ) ; English \ / ɛrəˈtɒsθəniːz \ / ; c. 276 BC - c. 195\/194 BC ) was a Greek mathematician , geographer , poet , astronomer , and music theorist .

Eratosthenes of Cyrene 276 BC-194 BC ) was a third century BC Greek mathematician , geographer and astronomer .


According to an entry in the Suda ( a 10th-century reference ) , his critics scorned him , calling him Beta , from the second letter of the Greek alphabet , because he always came in second in all his endeavors .

According to the Suda , his contemporaries nicknamed him Beta , ( the second letter of the Greek alphabet ) , because he was the second best in the world in almost any field .


Some claim Erathostenes used the Egyptian stade of 157.5 meters , which would imply a circumference of 39,690 km , an error of 1.6 % , but the 185 meter Attic stade is the most commonly accepted value for the length of the stade used by Eratosthenes in his measurements of the Earth , which imply a circumference of 46,620 km , an error of 16.3 % .

The common Attic stadium was about 185 m , which would imply a circumference of 46,620 km , which is 16.3 % too large .


The first Soviet main battle tank was the T-64 ( T-54 \ / 55 and T-62 then considered `` medium '' tanks ) and the first American MBT was the M60 Patton .

The first Soviet main battle tank was the T-64 and the first American MBT was the M60 Patton .


By the late 70s , MBTs were manufactured by China , France , West Germany , Britain , India , Japan , the Soviet Union , Sweden , Switzerland , and the United States .

By the late 1970 's , MBT 's were manufactured by France , West Germany , Britain , India , Japan , the USSR , Sweden , Switzerland , and the United States .


A main battle tank ( MBT ) , also known as a battle tank or universal tank , is a self-propelled armored fighting vehicle , capable of heavy firepower , primarily of a high muzzle velocity direct fire main gun necessary to engage armored and other targets , with high cross-country mobility , with a high level of self-protection , and which is not designed and equipped primarily to transport combat troops .

A main battle tank ( MBT ) , also called a battle tank , is a tank that is used as the most powerful combat vehicle in modern armies .


They were originally conceived to replace the light , medium , heavy and super-heavy tanks .

They were made to replace the medium , medium and heavy tanks used in World War II with just one tank .


They are also often supported by surveillance or ground-attack aircraft .

They also get help from observation or attack aircraft .


The eldest son of the prince usually used the title of Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon and at other times used the title Count of La Marche At his death , the title was not passed on , because of the lack of direct descendants .


The holder of the title held the style of Serene Highness .

The prince held the prestigious rank of Prince of the blood at the court and was also entitled to the style of Serene Highness .


The title of Prince of Conti was a French noble title , assumed by a cadet branch of the house of Bourbon-Condé .

The title of Prince of Conti was an old title at the old French court .


He thus became the first indigenous Australian to sit in the Australian Parliament .

He became the first indigenous Australian to sit in the Australian Parliament .


Also , a recently re-developed rugby league oval in Ipswich was named the Neville Bonner Sporting Complex in his honor .

A rugby league oval in Ipswich was named the Neville Bonner Sporting Complex in his honor .


Neville Thomas Bonner AO ( 28 March 1922 - 5 February 1999 ) was an Australian politician , and the first Indigenous Australian to become a member of the Parliament of Australia .

Neville Thomas Bonner AO ( 28 March 1922 - 5 February 1999 ) was an Australian politician , and the first Indigenous Australian member of the Parliament of Australia .


One of his boomerangs was placed on display at the Old Parliament House in Canberra .

One of his boomerangs can be seen at the Old Parliament House in Canberra .


In 1960 he moved to Ipswich , where he joined the board of directors of the One People of Australia League ( OPAL ) , a moderate indigenous rights organization .

In 1960 he moved to Ipswich , and joined the board of directors of the One People of Australia League ( OPAL ) .


Following the resignation of Liberal Senator Dame Annabelle Rankin in 1971 , Bonner was chosen to fill the casual vacancy .

Following the resignation of Liberal Senator Dame Annabelle Rankin in 1971 , Bonner was chosen to replace her .


The Hawke government then appointed him to the board of directors of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation .

The Hawke government made him a director of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation .


Neville Bonner was born at Ukerebagh Island , a small settlement on the Tweed River in northern New South Wales .

Bonner was born at Ukerebagh Island , in the Tweed River in northern New South Wales .


Bonner died at Ipswich in 1999 , aged 76 .


The Queensland federal electorate of Bonner was created in 2004 and was named in his honor .

The Queensland federal electorate of Bonner is named in his honor .


In 1984 Bonner was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia .

In 1984 Bonner was made an Officer of the Order of Australia .


Bonner was almost unique in being an indigenous activist and a political conservative : in fact he owed his political career to this combination .

Bonner was almost unique in being both an indigenous activist and a political conservative .


The university awarded him an honorary doctorate in 1993 .

The university gave him an honorary doctorate in 1993 .


While in the Senate he served on a number of committees but was never a serious candidate for promotion to the ministry .

He was never a serious candidate for promotion to the ministry .


He never knew his father and had almost no formal education .

He never knew his father and had very little education .


He was initially appointed by the Queensland Parliament to fill a casual vacancy in the representation of Queensland in the Senate , and later became the first indigenous Australian to be elected to the parliament by popular vote .

He was appointed by the Queensland Parliament to fill a vacancy in the Senate .


He rebelled against the Liberal Party line on some issues .

He rebelled against the Liberal Party policy on some issues .


Bonner was an active boomerang enthusiast .

Bonner was an active boomerang thrower .


The Neville Bonner Memorial Scholarship was established by the federal government in 2000 and is now considered Australia 's most prestigious scholarship for Indigenous Australians to study Honours in Political Science or related subjects at any recognized Australian university .

The Neville Bonner Memorial Scholarship was set up by the Australian government in 2000 .


This oval was formerly home to an exclusively indigenous side , but is now the official home of the Queensland Cup side , the Ipswich Jets , and the IRL\/IJRL finals and junior representative .

This oval was the home of an indigenous team , but is now the official home of the Queensland Cup team , the Ipswich Jets .


They were soon signed to Telstar Records with the addition of a new member , Zena McNally , and became the popular UK garage\/R & B girl band , Mis-Teeq .

They were soon signed to Telstar Records with the addition of a new member , Zena McNally , and became the popular Garage\/R & B girl band , Mis-Teeq .


In 2004 , Mis-Teeq toured the United States and released their debut single Scandalous from their American self-titled debut , a compilation of the albums Lickin ' On Both Sides and Eye Candy .

In 2004 , Mis-Teeq toured the United States and released their debut single Scandalous from their American debut album Mis-Teeq , a compilation of the albums Lickin ' On Both Sides and Eye Candy .


The last song Dixon recorded with Mis-Teeq was `` Shoo Shoo Baby '' for the Disney film Valiant .

The last song she recorded with her band was Shoo Shoo Baby for the Disney movie Valiant .


In 2003 , Mis-teeq released their second album Eye Candy , which included the singles `` Scandalous '' , `` Ca n't Get It Back '' and `` Style '' .

In 2003 , they released their second album Eye Candy , featuring hits Scandalous , Ca n't Get It Back and Style .


In March 2005 , their Greatest Hits compilation was released and it was announced that they were separating to pursue solo careers .

In March 2005 , they released their ` Greatest Hits ' compilation and announced that they were separating each to pursue a solo career .


Alesha Anjanette Dixon ( born 7 October 1978 ) is an English singer , dancer , rapper , model and television presenter .

Alesha Anjanette Dixon ( born 7 October 1978 ) is a British singer and television personality .


Dixon 's career began in 1999 when she met Sabrina Washington when they both joined a dance school in Fulham , south west London .

Dixon 's career began in 1999 when she met Sabrina Washington when they both joined Dance Attic ( a popular dance class school in West London ) , and together they formed a duo and recorded a demo titled Inspiration .


The single was released on 11 November .

The single was released on 30 October 2006 .


In October 2001 , they released their debut album Lickin ' On Both Sides , featuring hits `` One Night Stand '' , `` B with Me '' and double A-side single `` Roll On\/This Is How We Do It '' .

In 2001 , they released their debut album Lickin ' On Both Sides , featuring hits All I Want , One Night Stand , B With Me and Roll On \ / This Is How We Do It .


They also released `` One Night Stand '' before coming back to Europe to start work with their third album however , Telstar Records went into administration .

They also released One Night Stand before coming back to Europe to start work with their third album .


However , when she began her solo career her first UK album , The Alesha Show , saw Dixon undergo a genre-shift .

She released her first UK solo album , The Alesha Show , in 2008 .


She spent a year writing and recording her solo debut album , Fired Up , working with a wide range of producers including Richard X , Xenomania , Johnny Douglas , Brian Higgins , Estelle and Paul Epworth .

Dixon announced that she has worked with a wide arrangement of producers for her solo debut album , including Richard X , Xenomania , Johnny Douglas , Brian Higgins , and Paul Eppe .


Dixon launched her solo career after Mis-Teeq 's break-up and signed a # 500,000 , three-album deal with Polydor Records .

Dixon later announced that she was signed with a ₤ 500,000 contract deal with Polydor Records and announced that she will work on material for her solo debut album .


`` Lipstick '' was released on 14 August 2006 , and charted at 14 on the UK Single Charts .

She released her official first debut single `` Lipstick '' on 14 August 2006 and it went to # 13 on the UK Single Charts .


She was educated at Monk 's Walk School , Welwyn Garden City , Hertfordshire .

She was born in Welwyn Garden City , Hertfordshire , England to an English mother and Jamaican father .


In June 2005 , she announced her first solo single to be `` Superficial '' .

In June 2005 , she announced her single to be `` Superficial '' , but the song leaked on illegally file sharing and the company stated her next single to be `` Lipstick '' .


The band was left with no choice but to release a Greatest Hits compilation under exclusive licences with Universal Records .

However , Telstar Records was shut down and the band was left with no choice but to have released a ` Greatest Hits ' compilation right under exclusive licenses with Universal Recording Company .


Eventually , Durán defeated Nebot in the second round of the 1992 presidential election .

Eventually , Durán defeated Nebot in the second round of the presidential election .


Born in Boston , Massachusetts , he served as Mayor of Quito between 1970 and 1978 , and as President of Ecuador between 1992 and 1996 .

He served as Mayor of Quito between 1970 and 1978 , and as President of Ecuador between 1992 and 1996 .


At the end of 1990 he publicly criticized the direction of the PSC in a public letter and , after a PSC faction succeeded in appointing Jaime Nebot as the its presidential candidate and national director during the 1991 internal elections ( despite opinion polls reportedly giving him advantage over Nebot ) , Durán Ballén and his supporters left the party to form the more right-wing Republican Union Party .

After León Febres Cordero 's faction inside the PSC succeeded in appointing Jaime Nebot as the party 's presidential candidate in 1992 , Durán Ballén and his supporters left the party to form the more right-wing Republican Union Party .


In 1988 he ran again , but was eliminated in the first round , which he blamed on the tarnished image of León Febres Cordero 's government .

In 1988 he ran again , but was eliminated in the first round .


Jim calls out to Kim , distracting her , and Edward accidentally cuts her hand .

Jim called out her name , causing Edward to jump , and he accidentally cut Kim 's hand .


Edward Scissorhands is a 1990 American romantic dark fantasy film directed by Tim Burton and starring Johnny Depp .

Edward Scissorhands is a 1990 American romantic fantasy movie directed by Tim Burton .


The film shows the story of an artificial man named Edward , an unfinished creation who has scissors for hands .

The story is about an unhappy young man named Edward , who had scissors instead of hands .


The spines , which may be up to 50 mm ( 2 in ) long , are modified hairs , mostly made of keratin .

The spines , which may be up to 50 mm long , are modified hairs , mostly made of keratin .


The short-beaked echidna is the only member of its genus , sharing the family Tachyglossidae with the extant species of the genus Zaglossus that occur in New Guinea .

The Short-beaked Echidna is the only member of its genus , sharing the family Tachyglossidae with the surviving three species of the genus Zaglossus that live in New Guinea .


The short-beaked echidna ( Tachyglossus aculeatus ) is one of four living species of echidna and the only member of the genus Tachyglossus .

The Short-beaked Echidna ( Tachyglossus aculeatus ) is one of four living species of echidna .


The short-beaked echidna has a well-developed olfactory system , which may be used to detect mates and prey .

The Short-beaked Echidna has a well-developed olfactory system , which may be used to detect mates and prey , and its other senses perform well .


The musculature of the short-beaked echidna has a number of unusual aspects .

The muscles of the Short-beaked Echidna have a number of unusual features .


The male has internal testes , no external scrotum and a highly unusual penis with four knobs on the tip , which is nearly a quarter of his body length when erect .

The male has internal testes , no external scrotum and a highly unusual penis with four knobs on the tip .


The brain and central nervous system have been extensively studied for evolutionary comparison with placental mammals , particularly with its fellow monotreme , the platypus .

The brain and central nervous system of the Short-beaked Echidna have been extensively studied for evolutionary comparison with placental mammals .


Like all monotremes , it has one orifice , the cloaca , for the passage of faeces , urine and reproductive products .

Like all monotremes , the echidna has only one orifice for the passage of faeces , urine and reproductive products , which is known as the cloaca .


The echidna 's fur may be infested with what is said to be the world 's largest flea , Bradiopsylla echidnae , which is about 4 mm ( 0.16 in ) long .

The Echidna 's fur may be infested with what is said to be the world 's largest flea , Bradiopsylla echidnae , which is about 4 mm long .


The body of the short-beaked echidna is , with the exception of the underside , face and legs , covered with cream-coloured spines .

The body of the Short-beaked Echidna is , except for the underside , face and legs , covered with cream-coloured spines .


Like the other extant monotremes , the short-beaked echidna lays eggs ; the monotremes are the only group of mammals to do so .

Like the other monotremes , the Short-beaked Echidna lays eggs .


When the tongue is retracted , the prey is caught on backward-facing keratinous `` teeth '' , located along the roof of the buccal cavity , allowing the animal both to capture and grind food .

When the tongue is retracted , the prey is caught on backward-facing keratinous `` teeth '' along the roof of the buccal cavity .


Its brain has been shown to contain a claustrum similar to that of placental mammals , so linking this structure to their common ancestor .

It shows rapid eye movement during sleep , and its brain has been shown to contain a claustrum that is similar to placental mammals , linking this structure to their common ancestor .


The five subspecies of the short-beaked echidna are each found in different geographical locations .

There are five subspecies of the Short-beaked Echidna , each live in different areas .


Protrusion of the tongue is achieved by contracting circular muscles that change the shape of the tongue and force it forwards and contracting two genioglossal muscles attached to the caudal end of the tongue and to the mandible .

Sticking out the tongue is achieved by contracting the circular muscles that change the shape of the tongue and force it forward , and contraction of two muscles attached to the caudal end of the tongue and to the mandible .


Numerous physiological adaptations aid the lifestyle of the short-beaked echidna .

Many physiological adaptations fit the lifestyle of the Short-beaked Echidna .


Because of the low body temperature , it becomes sluggish in very hot and very cold weather .

Because of the low body temperature of the Short-beaked Echidna , it becomes sluggish in very hot and very cold weather .


The short-beaked echidna has the largest prefrontal cortex relative to body size of any mammal , taking up 50 % of the volume in comparison to 29 % for humans .

The Short-beaked Echidna has the largest prefrontal cortex with respect to body size of any mammal .


Like the platypus it has a low body temperature - between 30 and 32 ° C. Unlike the platypus , which shows no evidence of torpor or hibernation , the body temperature of the echidna may fall as low as 5 ° C . The Echidna does not pant or sweat and normally seeks shelter in hot conditions .


Insulation is provided by fur between the spines , which ranges in color from honey to a dark reddish-brown and even black ; the underside and short tail are also covered in fur .

They have fur between the spines , which ranges in color from honey to a dark reddish-brown and even black .


Because the animal burrows , it must tolerate very high levels of carbon dioxide in inspired air , and will voluntarily remain in situations where carbon dioxide concentrations are high .

It will voluntarily remain in situations where carbon dioxide concentrations are high .


The tongue is sticky because of the presence of glycoprotein-rich mucus , which both lubricates movement in and out of the snout and helps to catch ants and termites , which adhere to it .

This mucus both lubricates movement in and out of the snout and helps to catch ants and termites , which stick to it .


However , the Tasmanian subspecies , T. a. setosus , is smaller than its Australian mainland counterparts .

The Tasmanian subspecies , T. a. setosus , is larger than the Australian mainland species .


Retraction requires the contraction of two internal longitudinal muscles , known as the sternoglossi .

Retraction requires the contraction of two internal muscles .


The short-beaked echidna is covered in fur and spines and has a distinctive snout and a specialized tongue which it uses to catch its prey at a great speed .

The Short-beaked Echidna is covered in fur and spines .


It is not threatened with extinction , but human activities , such as hunting , habitat destruction , and the introduction of foreign predatory species and parasites , have reduced the distribution of the short-beaked echidna in Australia .

It is not threatened with extinction , but human activities , such as hunting , habitat destruction , and the introduction of foreign predators and parasites , have reduced the places where it lives .


The name Tachyglossus means `` quick tongue '' , in reference to the speed with which the echidna uses its tongue to catch ants and termites , and aculeatus means `` spiny '' or `` equipped with spines '' .

This is about the speed with which the echidna uses its tongue to catch ants and termites .


By contraction of various parts of the panniculus carnosus , the short-beaked echidna can change shape , the most characteristic shape change being achieved by rolling itself into a ball when threatened , so protecting its belly and presenting a defensive array of sharp spines .

The most common shape change is achieved by rolling itself into a ball when threatened , protecting its belly and presenting a defensive array of sharp spines .


Species of the Tachyglossidae are egg-laying mammals ; together with the related family Ornithorhynchidae , they are the only extant monotremes in the world .

Species of the Tachyglossidae are egg-laying mammals ; together with the related family Ornithorhynchidae , the Platypuses , they are the only living monotremes .


The limbs of the short-beaked echidna are adapted for rapid digging ; they are short and have strong claws .

The legs of the Short-beaked Echidna are designed for rapid digging .


The leathery snout is keratinised and covered in mechano - and thermoreceptors , which provide information about the surrounding environment .

The leathery snout is covered in mechano - and thermoreceptors .


The subspecies also differ from one another in their hairiness , spine length and width , and the size of the grooming claws on their hind feet .

The subspecies are also different from each other as to hairiness , spine length and width , and the size of the claws on their back feet .


The gestating female develops a pouch on her underside , where she raises her young .

The gestating female has a pouch on its underside , where it raises its young .


Short-beaked echidnas are typically 30 to 45 cm ( 12 to 18 in ) in length , with 75 mm ( 3 in ) of snout , and weigh between 2 and 5 kg ( 4.4 and 11.0 lb ) .

Short-beaked Echidnas are usually 30 to 45 centimetres in length .


Because the neck is not externally visible , the head and body appear to merge .

Because the neck can not be seen , the head and body appear to join together .


The claws on the hind feet are elongated and curved backward to enable cleaning and grooming between the spines .

The claws on the back feet are longer and curve backwards to help cleaning and grooming between the spines .


The tongue is the animal 's sole means of catching prey , and can protrude up to 180 mm ( 7 in ) outside the snout .

The tongue of the Short-beaked Echidna is the animal 's only way of catching prey .


Zaglossus species , which include the western long-beaked , Sir David 's long-beaked and eastern long-beaked echidnas , are all significantly larger than T. aculeatus , and their diets consist mostly of worms and grubs rather than ants and termites .

The Zaglossus species includes the : These are all bigger than T. aculeatus .


It is known for its coal ( lignite ) mines and its power stations .

The city is best known for its coal mines of lignite and power station .


The first survey of the archipelago was made by the French frigate L'Heure du Berger in 1767 .

The first study of the archipelago was made by the French frigate L'Heure du Berger in 1767 .


In 1816 , the United Kingdom formally annexed the islands , ruling them from the Cape Colony in South Africa .

In 1816 the United Kingdom formally annexed the islands , ruling them from the Cape Colony in South Africa .


Lewis Carroll 's youngest brother , the Rev. Edwin Heron Dodgson , served as an Anglican missionary and school teacher in Tristan da Cunha in the 1880s .

Lewis Carroll 's youngest brother , the Rev. Edwin H. Dodgson , served as an Anglican missionary and school teacher in Tristan da Cunha in the 1880s .


This is reported to have primarily been a measure to ensure that the French would be unable to use the islands as a base for a rescue operation to free Napoleon Bonaparte from his prison on Saint Helena .

It was a measure to ensure that the French would be unable to use the islands as a base for a rescue operation to free Napoleon Bonaparte from his prison on Saint Helena .


The occupation also prevented the United States from using Tristan da Cunha as a cruiser base , as it had during the War of 1812 .

The occupation also prevented the United States from using Tristan da Cunha as a base , as they had during the War of 1812 .


The first permanent settler was Jonathan Lambert , from Salem , Massachusetts , United States , who arrived at the islands in December 1810 with two other men .

The first permanent settler was Jonathan Lambert , from Salem , Massachusetts , United States , who came to the islands in December 1810 .


The main island is quite mountainous ; the only flat area is the location of the only village , Edinburgh of the Seven Seas , on the northwest coast .

The main island is quite mountainous ; the only flat area is the location of the capital , Edinburgh of the Seven Seas , on the northwest coast .


It is the most remote inhabited archipelago in the world , lying 2,816 kilometres ( 1,750 mi ) from the nearest land , South Africa , and 3,360 kilometres ( 2,088 mi ) from South America .

Tristan da Cunha is the most remote archipelago ( group of islands ) and the most remote inhabited archipelago in the world ; it is at 2,816 km ( 1,750 mi ) from the nearest land , South Africa , and 3,360 km ( 2,088 mi ) from South America .


Lambert publicly declared the islands his property and named them the Islands of Refreshment .

He declared the islands his property and named them the Islands of Refreshment .


Tristan da Cunha is the main island of the Tristan da Cunha archipelago , which consists of the following islands : Inaccessible Island and the Nightingale Islands are 35 kilometres ( 21.7 mi ) SW by W and SSW of the main island respectively , whereas Gough Island is 395 kilometres ( 245.4 mi ) SSE .

Tristan da Cunha is the name of the archipelago and of the main island of the group ; the archipelago consists of the following islands : Inaccessible Island and the Nightingale Islands are located 35 km ( 21.7 mi ) southwest of the main island , while Gough Island is located 395 km ( 245.4 mi ) south-southeast .


The main settlement is Edinburgh of the Seven Seas ( known locally as `` The Settlement '' ) .

The only settlement is Edinburgh of the Seven Seas ( known locally as `` The Settlement of Edinburgh '' or , more common , just `` The Settlement '' ) .


The territory consists of the main island of Tristan da Cunha itself , which has a north-south length of 11.27 kilometres ( 7.0 mi ) and has an area of 98 square kilometres ( 37.8 sq mi ) , along with the smaller , uninhabited Nightingale Islands and the wildlife reserves of Inaccessible and Gough Islands .

The territory consists of the main island of Tristan da Cunha itself , which measures about 11.27 km ( 7.0 mi ) across and has an area of 96 km2 ( 37.1 sq mi ) , along with the uninhabited Nightingale Islands and the wildlife reserves of Inaccessible Island and Gough Island .


The islands were first sighted in 1506 by Portuguese explorer Tristão da Cunha , although rough seas prevented a landing .

The islands were first seen in 1506 by Portuguese explorer Tristan da Cunha ( Portuguese : Tristão da Cunha ) , but he did not go to land because rough seas .


This includes Saint Helena 2,430 kilometres ( 1,510 mi ) to its north and equatorial Ascension Island some 3,730 kilometres ( 2,318 mi ) to the north of Tristan .

This includes Saint Helena 2,430 km ( 1,510 mi ) to its north and equatorial Ascension Island even further north .


The male founders originated from Scotland , England , The Netherlands , the United States and Italy and share just eight surnames : Glass , Green , Hagan , Lavarello , Patterson , Repetto , Rogers , and Swain .

The male founders originated from Scotland , England , The Netherlands , the United States and Italy and share just eight surnames : Glass ( Scottish ) , Green ( Dutch ) , Hagan ( Irish ) , Lavarello ( Italian , a typical Ligurian surname ) , Patterson ( Scottish ) , Repetto ( Italian , another typical Ligurian surname ) , Rogers ( English ) and Swain ( English ) .


Tristan da Cunha \ / ˈtrɪstən də ˈkuːnə \ / , colloquially Tristan , is both a remote group of volcanic islands in the south Atlantic Ocean and the main island of that group .

Tristan da Cunha ( IPA : ) is a group of remote volcanic islands in the south Atlantic Ocean and also the main island of that group .


The highest point is a volcano called Queen Mary 's Peak 2,062 metres ( 6,765.1 ft ) ; it is covered by snow in winter .

The highest point is a volcano called Queen Mary 's Peak 2,060 m ( 6,759 ft ) ; it is covered by snow in winter .


The St Helena , Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009 ended the `` dependency status '' of Ascension and Tristan da Cunha .

In 2009 , Saint Helena and its two territories received equal status under a new constitution , and the British Overseas Territory was renamed Saint Helena , Ascension and Tristan da Cunha .


Varves are amongst the finest resolution events easily recognized in stratigraphy .

Varves are amongst the smallest-scale events in stratigraphy .


Rhythmites serve a significant role in unraveling prehistoric events , providing insights into sea level change , glaciation change , and earth 's orbital variations which serve to answer questions about climate change .

Rhythmites can show long-term prehistoric events , such as periodic floods , sea level changes , glaciation changes , earth 's orbital variations and other causes of climate change .


Bernhard Carl `` Bert '' Trautmann , OBE ( 22 October 1923 - 19 July 2013 ) was a German professional footballer who played for Manchester City from 1949 to 1964 .

Bernhard Carl `` Bert '' Trautmann , OBE ( 22 October 1923 - 19 July 2013 ) was a German footballer .


After a taxicab crash in 1943 she discovered that she could sing `` a higher F than ever before '' , and sent the cab driver a box of expensive cigars .

After the crash she found she could sing `` a higher F than ever before . ''


She was aware of her critics , but never let them stand in her way : `` People may say I ca n't sing , '' she said , `` but no one can ever say I did n't sing . ''

She knew the critics wrote bad things about her , but she said : `` People may say I ca n't sing , but no one can ever say I did n't sing . ''


When her father died in 1909 Jenkins inherited sufficient funds to begin her long-delayed singing career .

In 1909 her father died so she inherited some money which she used to have singing lessons .


Her wealthy father refused to pay the bill , so she eloped to Philadelphia with Frank Thornton Jenkins , a physician .

Her father was very rich , but he refused to pay for her to travel , so she ran away with a man called Frank Thornton Jenkins who was a doctor .


Jenkins died a month later at her residence , the Hotel Seymour in Manhattan .


Tickets for the event sold out weeks in advance .

Tickets sold out weeks before the concert .


Florence Foster Jenkins ( July 19 , 1868 - November 26 , 1944 ) was an American amateur operatic soprano who was known-and ridiculed-for her lack of rhythm , pitch , and tone ; her aberrant pronunciation ; and her generally poor singing ability .

Florence Foster Jenkins ( born Pennsylvania , U.S. , 19 July 1868 ; died 26 November , 1944 ) was an American soprano who became famous because she was such a bad singer .


Her accompanist can be heard making adjustments to compensate for her tempo variations and rhythmic mistakes .

Her piano accompanist can be heard trying to change the speed to fit in with her mistakes .


In Germany , Walpurgisnacht , the night from 30 April to 1 May , is the night when witches are reputed to hold a large celebration on the Brocken and await the arrival of spring .

In Germany , Walpurgisnacht , the night from April 30 to May 1 , is the night when allegedly the witches hold a large celebration on the Blocksberg and await the arrival of Spring .


In 1974 , Eric Sams noted that there was no known complete manuscript of Kinderszenen .

In 1974 , Eric Sams noted that there is no known complete manuscript of Kinderszenen .


Likewise , the section titles were only added after the completion of the music , and Schumann described the titles as `` nothing more than delicate hints for execution and interpretation '' .


Schumann had originally labeled this work Leichte Stücke ( Easy Pieces ) .

Schumann originally titled the work Leichte Stücke ( English : Easy Pieces ) .


Kinderszenen ( German pronunciation : ( ˈkɪndɐˌst͡seːnən ) ; original spelling Kinderscenen , `` Scenes from Childhood '' ) , Opus 15 , by Robert Schumann , is a set of thirteen pieces of music for piano written in 1838 .

Kinderszenen ( original spelling Kinderscenen , ( English : Scenes from Childhood ) , Opus 15 , is a set of 13 pieces for solo piano by Robert Schumann .


David Lloyd George , 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor , OM PC ( 17 January 1863 - 26 March 1945 ) was a British Liberal politician and statesman .

David Lloyd George , 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor OM , PC ( 17 January 1863 - 26 March 1945 ) was the British Prime Minister during the last half of World War I . He was Prime Minister for six years , between 1916 and 1922 .


In 1187 , Saladin defeated the armies of the Crusades at the Battle of Hattin , largely because he was able to cut the Crusaders off from the valuable fresh water of the Sea of Galilee .

In 1187 , Saladin defeated the armies of the Crusades at the Battle of Hattin , mainly because he cut the Crusaders off from the valuable fresh water of the Sea of Galilee .


Much of the ministry of Jesus occurred on the shores of Lake Galilee .

Much of the ministry of Jesus was on the shores of Lake Galilee .


One of Jesus ' famous teaching episodes , the Sermon on the Mount , is supposed to have been given on a hill overlooking the lake .

One of Jesus ' famous teachings , the Sermon on the Mount , was given on a hill overlooking the lake .


The Synoptic gospels of Mark ( 1:14 -20 ) , Matthew ( 4:18 -22 ) , and Luke ( 5:1 -11 ) describe how Jesus recruited four of his apostles from the shores of Lake Galilee : the fishermen Simon and his brother Andrew and the brothers John and James .

The gospels of Mark ( 1:14 -20 ) , Matthew ( 4:18 -22 ) , and Luke ( 5:1 -11 ) tell how Jesus got four of his apostles from the shores of Lake Galilee : the fishermen Simon and his brother Andrew , and the brothers John and James .


In 135 CE Bar Kokhba 's revolt was put down .

In 135 , the second Jewish revolt against the Romans , called Bar Kokhba 's revolt , was put down .


The Sea of Galilee lies on the ancient Via Maris , which linked Egypt with the northern empires .

The Sea of Galilee is on the ancient Via Maris road which linked Egypt with the northern empires .


In 1909 , Jewish pioneers established the first cooperative farming village ( kibbutz ) , Kvutzat Kinneret in the immediate vicinity of the lake .

In 1909 Jewish pioneers built their first cooperative farming village ( kibbutz ) , Kvutzat Kinneret which trained Jewish immigrants in farming and agriculture .


The lake 's importance declined when the Byzantines lost control and the area came under the control of the Umayyad Caliphate and subsequent Islamic empires .

The area came under the control of the Umayyad Caliphate and later Islamic empires .


The lake is fed partly by underground springs although its main source is the Jordan River which flows through it from north to south .

Its main source is the Jordan River , which flows through it from north to south .


The center of Jewish culture and learning shifted to the region of the Galilee and the Kinneret , particularly the city of Tiberias .

The center of Jewish culture and learning thus moved to the region of the Kinneret , particularly to the city of Tiberias .


In those days , there was a continuous ribbon development of settlements and villages around the lake and plenty of trade and ferrying by boat .

In those days , there were many settlements and villages all around the lake and plenty of trade and ferrying by boat .


Consequently the area is subject to earthquakes , and in the past , volcanic activity .

Because of this , the area has earthquakes and , in the past , volcanic activity .


At levels between 215 metres ( 705 ft ) and 209 metres ( 686 ft ) below sea level , it is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth and the second-lowest lake overall ( after the Dead Sea , a saltwater lake ) .

At 209 meters below sea level , it is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth , and the second lowest lake in the world after the Dead Sea , a saltwater lake .


The Sea of Galilee is situated in northeast Israel , near the Golan Heights , in the Jordan Rift Valley , the valley caused by the separation of the African and Arabian Plates .

The lake is deep in the Jordan Great Rift Valley , the valley caused by the separation of the African and Arabian Plates .


The Greeks , Hasmoneans , and Romans founded flourishing towns and settlements on the land-locked lake including Gadara , Hippos and Tiberias .

The Greeks , Hasmoneans , and Romans started towns and settlements here : Gadara , Hippos , Tiberias and others .


Josephus also reported a thriving fishing industry at this time , with 230 boats regularly working in the lake .

The 1st century historian Flavius Josephus wrote of a large fishing industry at this time , with 230 boats regularly working in the lake .


The Sea of Galilee , also Kinneret , Lake of Gennesaret , or Lake Tiberias ( Hebrew : יָם כִּנֶּרֶת , Judeo-Aramaic : יַמּא דטבריא , Arabic : بحيرة طبريا ) , is the largest freshwater lake in Israel , and it is approximately 53 km ( 33 mi ) in circumference , about 21 km ( 13 mi ) long , and 13 km ( 8.1 mi ) wide .

The Sea of Galilee is Israel 's largest freshwater lake , about 53 kilometers ( 33 miles ) around , about 21 km ( 13 miles ) long , and 13 km ( 8 miles ) wide ; it has a total area of 166 km ² , and a depth of about 43 meters .


Many of his miracles are also said to have occurred here including his walking on water , calming the storm , the disciples and the boatload of fish , and his feeding five thousand people ( in Tabgha ) .

Many of his miracles were also recorded to have been here : his walking on water , calming a storm , feeding five thousand people and many others .


The Romans responded by banning all Jews from Jerusalem .

The Romans responded by sending all Jews away from Jerusalem and not letting them come back .