It was written by Joshua Sternin and Jeffrey Ventimilia based on a story idea by Al Jean and Mike Reiss and was the first episode directed by Steven Dean Moore .

The episode was written by Joshua Sternin and Jeffrey Ventimilia based on a story idea by Al Jean and Mike Reiss and the first episode directed by Steven Dean Moore .


The writers and production team felt that it would be a good , emotional storyline , which , through Lisa , could focus on the theme of grief .

The writers and production team felt that it would be a good , emotional storyline , which , through Lisa , could focus on the theme of sadness .


However , after Bart 's attorney Lionel Hutz takes his `` legal fees '' , Bart is left with only $ 500 , but seems to be okay with it .

However , after Bart 's attorney Lionel Hutz takes his `` legal fees '' , Bart is left with only $ 500 , though Bart seems to be okay with it .


It was the first episode directed by Steven Dean Moore .

This was the first episode directed by Steven Dean Moore .


Murphy was a fairly minor character , only appearing in a couple of episodes , but he appeared in the show 's opening sequence and remained there after this episode , until the opening was re-designed in season 20 .

Murphy was a fairly minor character , only appearing in 2 episodes of the show , but he appeared in the show 's opening sequence and remained there after this episode , until the opening was re-designed in season 20 .


Lionel Hutz 's `` crack team of lawyers '' Robert Shaporo and Albert Dershman are parodies of Robert Shapiro and Alan Dershowitz , two of the defense attorneys at the O. J. Simpson murder case .

Lionel Hutz ' `` crack team of lawyers '' Robert Shaporo and Albert Dershman are parodies of Robert Shapiro and Alan Dershowitz , two of the defense attorneys at the O.J. Simpson murder case .


Adam Finley of TV Squad praised the episode , noting its many `` great moments '' including `` Steve Allen pimping his books on TV : How to Make Love to Steve Allen ; Happiness is a Naked Steve Allen ; Journey to the Center of Steve Allen ; The Joy of Cooking Steve Allen '' and `` Moe running a `` retox '' clinic right next to a detox clinic '' .

He liked its many `` great moments '' including `` Steve Allen pimping his books on TV : How to Make Love to Steve Allen ; Happiness is a Naked Steve Allen ; Journey to the Center of Steve Allen ; The Joy of Cooking Steve Allen '' and `` Moe running a `` retox '' clinic right next to a detox clinic '' .


Expressing his disdain for the French , he exclaims to his class : `` Bonjour , you cheese-eatin ' surrender monkeys . ''

Expressing his disdain for French people , he exclaims to his class : `` Bonjour , you cheese-eatin ' surrender monkeys . ''


In a DVD review of the sixth season , Ryan Keefer of DVD Verdict rated the episode a `` B '' .


On the day of a history test at school , Bart gets a stomachache after accidentally eating a jagged metal Krusty-O with his breakfast cereal .

Bart Simpson gets a stomachache after accidentally eating a jagged metal Krusty-O with his breakfast cereal .


The Daily Mail has used the phrase in reference the French 's `` attitude problem '' , and the editor of Metro used it describe the `` muted '' European reaction to the death of Osama bin Laden , while The Daily Telegraph has cited it in relation to Anglo-French military cooperation .

Articles in the Daily Mail have used the phrase in reference the French 's `` attitude problem '' , and the `` muted '' European reaction to the death of Osama Bin Laden , while The Daily Telegraph has cited it in relation to Anglo-French military cooperation .


After proclaiming `` that was for you Bleeding Gums , '' she turns to leave , but not before Bleeding Gums appears from the heavens to tell Lisa that she had made `` an old jazz man happy '' .

After proclaiming `` that was for you Bleeding Gums , '' she turns to leave , but not before Bleeding Gums is seen from heaven to tell Lisa that she had made `` an old jazz man happy '' .


Bleeding Gums appears on an episode of The Cosby Show , a reference to Bill Cosby often getting jazz musicians he liked to appear on the show ; in the episode , Cosby is voiced by The Simpsons regular Dan Castellaneta .

This is a reference to Cosby often getting jazz musicians he liked to appear on the show ; in the episode , Cosby is voiced by The Simpsons regular Dan Castellaneta .


A piece in The Guardian noted that the phrase was `` made acceptable in official diplomatic channels around the globe '' .

It was once noted that the phrase was `` made acceptable in official diplomatic channels around the globe '' .


However after remembering that Lisa was the only one who believed him about his stomachache , Bart decides to buy the album with his money .

Bart then walks in with his $ 500 and , after remembering that Lisa was the only one who believed him about his stomach ache , Bart decides to buy the album with his money , and Lisa thanks him for it .


Bart collapses on the medical room floor , and is taken to Springfield General Hospital where he undergoes surgery from Dr. Hibbert and Dr. Nick , as it emerges he has appendicitis .

He is then taken to Springfield General Hospital where he undergoes surgery from Dr. Hibbert and Dr. Nick .


Comedian Steve Allen also made his second guest appearance on the show , having previously appeared in the episode `` Separate Vocations '' .

Comedian Steve Allen also made his second guest appearance on the show , who had also appeared in the episode `` Separate Vocations '' before . ''


Eventually Jean decided on Bleeding Gums Murphy , a character introduced in the season one episode `` Moaning Lisa '' ; a flashback to `` Moaning Lisa '' is featured in the episode .

But later Jean decided on Bleeding Gums Murphy , a character introduced in `` Moaning Lisa '' , an episode of season 1 ; a flashback to `` Moaning Lisa '' is featured in the episode .


The quote , particularly the phrase `` cheese-eating surrender monkeys '' , has since entered wider use .

This quote , particularly the phrase `` cheese-eating surrender monkeys '' , has since been more widely used .


Still stricken with grief , Lisa decides that the best way to honor Bleeding Gums ' memory is by having his album played at the local jazz station .

She decides that the best way to honor Bleeding Gums ' memory is by having his album played at the local jazz station .


This episode marked the first time a recurring character has been killed off on the show .

This episode was the first to have a recurring character killed off on the show .


Later , Bleeding Gums lends Lisa his saxophone for her school recital .

Later , Bleeding Gums gives Lisa his saxophone for her school recital .


When a deceased Bleeding Gums Murphy appears to Lisa in a cloud near the end he is joined by Darth Vader , Mufasa , and James Earl Jones saying `` This is CNN '' .

Bleeding Gums Murphy appears to Lisa in a cloud near the end of the episode with Darth Vader , Mufasa , and James Earl Jones saying `` This is CNN '' .


Lisa is the only one who believes him , however , and Homer and Marge send him to school anyway .


'' ` Round Springfield '' is the 22nd episode of the sixth season of The Simpsons .

'' ` Round Springfield '' is the 125th episode ( the 22nd episode of season 6 ) of The Simpsons .


Returning to the hospital the next day , Lisa is saddened to learn that Bleeding Gums has died .

Returning to the hospital the next day , Lisa becomes sad to learn that Bleeding Gums has died .


Although all three roles were portrayed by Jones , the characters in this scene were impersonated by cast member Harry Shearer ; Jones himself guest starred twice previously .

Despite the fact that all three characters were voiced by Jones , the characters in this scene were impersonated by cast member Harry Shearer ; Jones himself guest starred in two episodes before .


In its original American broadcast , '' ` Round Springfield '' finished 60th in the ratings for the week of April 24 to April 30 , 1995 , with a Nielsen rating of 8.2 .

` Round Springfield '' finished 60th on its American broadcast in the ratings for the week of April 24 to April 30 , 1995 .


Sternin and Ventimilia were writers on The Critic and were big fans of The Simpsons , so were thrilled to be able to write an episode .

Joshua Sternin and Jeffrey Ventimilia , who were writers on The Critic and were big fans of The Simpsons , were happy to be able to write an episode .


Bart struggles through the test , and after finally convincing Mrs. Krabappel that he is actually ill , she lets him go and see the nurse .

After finally convincing Mrs. Krabappel that he is actually ill , she lets him go and see the nurse .


This is a reference to the debate regarding The Lion King 's resemblance to the anime Kimba the White Lion .

This is a reference to controversy regarding The Lion King 's similarity to the anime show Kimba the White Lion .


The title is a play on both the jazz standard ` Round Midnight by Thelonious Monk and the similarly named film also about an unappreciated jazz musician .

The title of this episode is a play on both the song ` Round Midnight by Thelonious Monk and the movie of the same also about an unhappy jazz musician .


Additionally , Mufasa accidentally mentions `` Kimba '' and corrects himself by saying `` Simba '' .

He corrects himself by saying `` Simba '' .


This team , which competed together from 1956 to 1964 , is nowadays called the United Team of Germany ( EUA , `` Equipe Unifiée Allemande '' ) , but was Germany ( GER ) then .

It is now called the United Team of Germany ( EUA , `` Equipe Unifiée Allemande '' ) , but was Germany ( GER ) then .


As a result of the Germany being divided , from 1968 to 1990 two independent teams competed in each of the Games ; the original designations were GER for the Federal Republic of Germany ( West Germany ) and GDR for the German Democratic Republic ( East Germany ) .

Their designations were GER for the Federal Republic of Germany ( West Germany ) and GDR for the German Democratic Republic ( East Germany ) .


German athletes have taken part in most of the Olympic Games since the first modern Games in 1896 .

German athletes have been a part of most of the Olympic Games since the first modern Games in 1896 .


After German organizations had been dissolved by the Allies in 1947 , in 1950 the IOC recognized the reorganized Nationales Olympisches Komitee für Deutschland for all of Germany , based in ( West ) Germany .

In 1950 the IOC accepted the Nationales Olympisches Komitee für Deutschland for all of Germany .


It was not immediately recognized by the IOC , which until 1965 required that athletes of the NOC of East Germany join the German team represented by the West Germany based NOC of Germany .

Until 1965 , athletes of the NOC of East Germany had to join the German team represented by the NOC of ( West ) Germany .


While the country was divided , each of the two German states boycotted the Summer Games : in 1980 West Germany was one of 65 nations which did not go to Moscow in protest at the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and in 1984 East Germany joined the Soviet Union ( and several others ) in the boycott of the Summer Games in Los Angeles .

In 1984 East Germany joined the Soviet boycott of the Summer Games in Los Angeles .


Due to the Cold War , an East German state ( German Democratic Republic ) was created in October 1949 , and a separate National Olympic Committee ( NOC ) for East Germany was established in 1951 .

A National Olympic Committee ( NOC ) for East Germany was created in 1951 .


Additionally , in the early 1950s the French-occupied Saar had its own NOC and competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics before joining the German Olympic team in 1956 and the ( West ) German state by 1957 .

In the early 1950s the French-controlled Saar had its own NOC .


In addition , Germany had been selected to host the 1916 Summer Olympics as well as the 1940 Winter Olympics , both of which had to be canceled due to World Wars .

Germany was also to be the host of the 1916 Summer Olympics and the 1940 Winter Olympics .


In 1980 the West German code was changed to FRG ( which is currently also applied by the IOC in retrospect ) .

In 1980 the West German code was changed to FRG .


Germany has hosted three Olympic Games , in 1936 both the Winter and Summer Games , and the 1972 Summer Olympics .

Germany has hosted three Olympic Games .


After these wars , Germans were banned from participating in 1920 , 1924 and 1948 .

After these wars , Germans were not allowed to be a part of the Olympics in 1920 , 1924 and 1948 .


Edinburgh Castle in Scotland is famously located atop an extinct volcano .

Edinburgh Castle in Scotland is located atop an extinct volcano .


These non-stackable containers were about the size of the later 20-foot ISO container and perhaps made mainly of wood .

These non-stackable containers were about the size of the later 20 foot ISO container and perhaps made mainly of wood .


From 1926 to 1947 in the United States , the Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railway carried motor carrier vehicles and shippers ' vehicles loaded on flatcars between Milwaukee , Wisconsin , and Chicago , Illinois .

From 1926 to 1947 in the US , the Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railway carried motor carrier vehicles and shippers ' vehicles loaded on flatcars between Milwaukee , Wisconsin and Chicago , Illinois .


A transporter was a reusable container , 8.5 feet ( 2.6 m ) long , 6.25 feet ( 1.91 m ) wide , and 6.83 feet ( 2.08 m ) high , made of rigid steel and with a carrying capacity of 9,000 pounds .

A `` transporter '' was a reusable container , 8.5 feet ( 2.6 m ) long , 6.25 feet ( 1.91 m ) wide , and 6.83 feet ( 2.08 m ) high , made of rigid steel with a carrying capacity of 9,000 pounds .


Beginning in 1929 , Seatrain Lines carried railroad boxcars on its sea vessels to transport goods between New York and Cuba .

Beginning in 1929 , Seatrain Lines carried railroad boxcars on its sea vessels between New York and Cuba .


Toward the end of World War II , the US Army used specialized containers to speed the loading and unloading of transport ships .

Toward the end of World War II , the United States Army used containers to speed the loading and unloading of transport ships .


The army used the term `` transporters '' to identify the containers , for shipping household goods of officers in the field .

The army used the term `` transporters '' for shipping household goods of officers in the field .


The first major shipment of CONEXes , containing engineering supplies and spare parts , was made by rail from the Columbus General Depot in Georgia to the Port of San Francisco , then by ship to Yokohama , Japan , and then to Korea , in late 1952 ; shipment times were almost halved .

The first major shipment of CONEXes , containing engineering supplies and spare parts , was made by rail from the Columbus General Depot in Georgia to the Port of San Francisco , then by ship to Yokohama , Japan , and then to Korea .


`` Simple rectangular timber boxes , four to a wagon , they were used to convey coal from the Lancashire collieries to Liverpool , where they were transferred to horse-drawn carts by crane . ''

`` Simple timber boxes , four to a wagon , they were used to convey coal from the Lancashire collieries to Liverpool , where they were transferred to horse drawn carts by crane '' .


The challenge was to design a shipping container that could efficiently be loaded onto ships and would hold securely on long sea voyages .

The challenge was to design a shipping container that could be loaded onto ships and held securely for long sea voyages .


Originally used for moving coal on and off barges , `` loose boxes '' were used to containerize coal from the late 1780s , at places like the Bridgewater Canal .

`` Loose boxes '' were used to containerize coal from the late 1780s , at places like the Bridgewater Canal .


The Liverpool and Manchester Railway in the United Kingdom was one of these .

The Liverpool and Manchester Railway in the United Kingdom was one such .


After helping McLean make the successful design , Tantlinger convinced him to give the patented designs to industry ; this began international standardization of shipping containers .

After helping McLean make the successful design , Tantlinger convinced him to give the patented designs to the industry .


Containerization has its origins in early coal mining regions in England beginning in the late 18th century .

Containerization has its origins in coal mining regions in England from the late 18th century onwards .


In 1955 , former trucking company owner Malcom McLean worked with engineer Keith Tantlinger to develop the modern intermodal container .

In 1955 , a trucking company owner , Malcom McLean , worked with engineer Keith Tantlinger to develop the modern container .


During World War II , the Australian Army used containers to help overcome the various breaks of gauge .

During World War II the Australian Army used containers .


The early 1900s saw the adoption of closed container boxes designed for movement between road and rail .

The early 1900s saw closed container boxes designed for movement between road and rail .


The containers have standardized dimensions .

Containers are built to standardized sizes .


Containerization is a system of intermodal freight transport using intermodal containers ( also called shipping containers and ISO containers ) made of weathering steel .

Containerization is a system of freight transport based on a range of steel containers ( `` shipping containers '' , `` ISO containers '' etc. ) .


They can be loaded and unloaded , stacked , transported efficiently over long distances , and transferred from one mode of transport to another-container ships , rail transport flatcars , and semi-trailer trucks-without being opened .

They can be transferred from one mode of transport to another-ships , rail and semi-trailer trucks-without being opened .


After the US Department of Defense standardized an 8-foot by 8-foot cross section container in multiples of 10-foot lengths for military use , it was rapidly adopted for shipping purposes .

The U.S. Department of Defense standardized an 8 ' × 8 ' cross section container in multiples of 10 ' lengths for military use .


The design incorporated a twistlock mechanism atop each of the four corners , allowing the container to be easily secured and lifted using cranes .

The design had a twistlock mechanism on top each of the four corners .


The beluga whale or white whale ( Delphinapterus leucas ) is an Arctic and sub-Arctic cetacean .

The beluga whale ( Delphinapterus leucas ) is a small , toothed whale that is white as an adult .


The only natural predators of belugas are polar bears and killer whales .

Polar bears and killer whales are known to hunt beluga whales .


Belugas only have a single spiracle , which is located on the top of the head behind the melon , and is covered by a muscular covering , allowing it to be completely sealed .


Female belugas typically give birth to one calf every three years .


It preceded the Batavian Republic , the Kingdom of Holland , the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands .

It came before the Batavian Republic , the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands .


He also states that the song was only `` just now '' finished and that he is now calling it `` Ghosts 'n' Stuff '' .

He also said that the song was `` just now '' finished and that he would now call it `` Ghosts 'n' Stuff '' .


It was released as a single from deadmau5 's studio album , For Lack of a Better Name .

The song is featured on deadmau5 's fourth studio album For Lack of a Better Name .


At the 81:03 mark , deadmau5 states that the song was originally titled `` Hotel '' because he made it for Tong 's show while staying in his hotel .

deadmau5 said that the song was originally called `` Hotel '' because he made it for Tong 's show when he was staying in his hotel .


In the week leading up to the show , Tong requested that deadmau5 create something new for his appearance .

Tong asked deadmau5 if deadmau5 could create something new for his appearance .


The song was made specifically for Pete Tong 's BBC Radio 1 Essential Selection show on October 10 , 2008 .

The song was specifically made for Pete Tong 's BBC Radio 1 Essential Selection show which deadmau5 was was a guest on along with Steve Angello .


`` Ghosts 'n' Stuff '' ( also `` Ghosts N Stuff '' ) is a house song produced by Canadian progressive house and electro house artist deadmau5 featuring Rob Swire from Australian drum and bass\/electronic rock band Pendulum and Knife Party .

Ghosts 'n' Stuff , also known as Ghosts N Stuff , is a song by Canadian electronic music producer deadmau5 and features vocals from Rob Swire of Pendulum and Knife Party .


He finds that the Space Invader tattoo which he got as a ghost remains on his neck .

Joel also finds that the Space Invaders tattoo that he got as a ghost is still on his neck .


The Sibley-Monroe checklist was a landmark document in the study of birds conducted by Charles Sibley and Burt Monroe .

The Sibley-Monroe checklist was a landmark document in the study of birds conducted by Charles Sibley and Burt Monroe during the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s .


The general transfers describe the normal flow of biological information : DNA can be copied to DNA ( DNA replication ) , DNA information can be copied into mRNA ( transcription ) , and proteins can be synthesized using the information in mRNA as a template ( translation ) .

The dogma classes these into 3 groups of 3 : The general transfers describe the normal flow of biological information : DNA can be copied to DNA ( DNA replication ) , DNA information can be copied into mRNA , ( transcription ) , and proteins can be synthesized using the information in mRNA as a template ( translation ) .


The dogma is a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between sequential information-carrying biopolymers , in the most common or general case , in living organisms .

The dogma is a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information .


In 1930 , a civilian air field was built north of Göppingen .

In 1930 , an air field was built north of Göppingen .


They were then replaced by the 4th Armored Division in 1957 , which was redesignated as the 1st Armored Division in 1971 and moved to Hindenburg Kaserne in Ansbach in 1972 .

They were then replaced by the 4th Armored Division in 1957 , which was renamed as the 1st Armored Division in 1971 and moved to Hindenburg Kaserne in Ansbach in 1972 .


A disastrous fire on August 25 , 1782 destroyed most of the town , but it was immediately rebuilt .

A fire on August 25 1782 destroyed most of the town , but it was immediately rebuilt .


Cooke Barracks was returned to the German government in 1992 .

Cooke Barracks were given back to the German government in 1992 .


The importance of such industry is still seen in the town in the present day in companies such as Märklin and Schuler .

Companies such as Märklin and Schuler are still based in the town .


The 28th Infantry was redesignated as the 9th Infantry Division ( United States ) in 1954 and was replaced by the 8th Infantry Division in 1956 .

The 28th Infantry was renamed as the 9th Infantry Division ( United States ) in 1954 and was replaced by the 8th Infantry Division in 1956 .


Göppingen is a town in southern Germany , part of the Stuttgart Region of Baden-Württemberg .

Göppingen is a town in Baden-Württemberg , Germany .


In 1949 , it was renamed Cooke Barracks in honor of Charles H. Cooke , Jr. who had been posthumously awarded the Silver Star and Soldier 's Medal for gallantry in action .

In 1949 , it was renamed Cooke Barracks , after Charles H. Cooke , Jr. , who been killed in action and given the Silver Star and Soldier 's Medal for bravery .


The barracks began to be expanded and was used as the 28th Infantry Division headquarters .

The barracks were made bigger for the 28th Infantry Division headquarters .


The 1st Infantry Division ( Forward ) moved from Augsburg in 1972 until they were deactivated in 1991 .

The 1st Infantry Division moved from Augsburg in 1972 until 1991 .


From 1945 through 1949 , displaced persons and refugees were housed in the kaserne .

From 1945 to 1949 , displaced persons and refugees were housed in the buildings .


In late 1950 , the VII ( US ) Corps had been reactivated in Stuttgart and U.S. Army units began to be stationed at Cooke Barracks .

In late 1950 , the 7th Army had been reformed in Stuttgart and U.S. Army units began to be stationed at Cooke Barracks .


This was acquired by the Luftwaffe in 1935 and expanded into Fliegerhorst Kaserne .

This was taken over by the Luftwaffe in 1935 and was called the Fliegerhorst Kaserne ( barracks ) .


Ingrid begins dating a man named Barry Kolker .

Ingrid is a poet who falls in love with a man named Barry Kolker .


White Oleander is a 1999 novel by American author Janet Fitch .

White Oleander is a 1999 novel by Janet Finch .


Sentenced to life in prison , she promises her daughter that she will come back , but Astrid is sent to a series of foster homes .

Her daughter , Astrid , is taken to a series of foster homes .


James Albert Creighton ( November 18 , 1905 - May 29 , 1990 ) was an ice hockey player and politician from Brandon , Manitoba .

James Albert `` Jimmy '' Creighton ( November 18 , 1905 - May 29 , 1990 ) was an ice hockey player and politician from Brandon , Manitoba .


The performance space was a simple circular space , the orchestra , where the chorus danced and sang .

The performance space was a simple semi-circular space , the orchestra , where the chorus danced and sang .


Later , the term `` theater '' came to be applied to the whole area of theatron , orchestra , and skené .

Later , the term `` theater '' came to be applied to the whole area of theatron , orchestra , and skené ( scene ) .


The theaters were originally built on a very large scale to accommodate the large number of people on stage , as well as the large number of people in the audience , up to fourteen thousand .

The theaters were built on a very large scale to accommodate the large number of people on stage , as well as the large number of people in the audience , up to fourteen thousand .


However , the primary Hellenistic theatrical form was not tragedy but ` New Comedy ' , comic episodes about the lives of ordinary citizens .

The main Hellenistic theatrical form was not tragedy but ` New Comedy ' , comic episodes about the lives of ordinary citizens .


The plays had a chorus from 12 to 15 people , who performed the plays in verse accompanied by music , beginning in the morning and lasting until the evening .

The plays originally had a chorus of up to 50 people , who performed the plays in verse accompanied by music , beginning in the morning and lasting until the evening .


Apparently the Greek playwrights never used more than three actors based on what is known about Greek theater .

Apparently the Greek playwrights never used more than three actors .


A large number of Orphic graffiti unearthed in Olbia seem to testify that the colony was one major point of contact .

A large number of Orphic graffiti discovered in Olbia seems to show that the colony was a major point of contact .


Greek tragedy as we know it was created in Athens around the time of 532 BC , when Thespis was the earliest recorded actor .

Greek tragedy as we know it was made in Athens some years before 532 BC , when Thespis was the earliest recorded playwright .


Athens exported the festival to its numerous colonies and allies in order to promote a common cultural identity .

Athens exported the festival to its numerous colonies and allies in order to promote their way of life .


After the Great Destruction of Athens by the Persian Empire in 485 BC , the town and acropolis were rebuilt , and theater became formalized and an even greater part of Athenian culture and civic pride .

After the Great Destruction of Athens by the Persian Empire in 480 BC , the town and acropolis were rebuilt , and theater became an even more major part of Athenian culture and civic pride .


Beginning in a first competition in 486 BC each playwright submitted a comedy .

From 486 BC , each playwright also submitted a comedy .


The orchestra , which had an average diameter of 78 feet , was situated on a flattened terrace at the foot of a hill , the slope of which produced a natural theatron , literally `` watching place '' .

The orchestra was on a flattened terrace at the foot of a hill , the slope of which produced a natural theatron , ( watching place ) .


It was known as the skênê ( from which the word `` scene '' derives ) .


Until the Hellenistic period , all tragedies were unique pieces written in honor of Dionysus and played only once , so that today we primarily have the pieces that were still remembered well enough to have been repeated when the repetition of old tragedies became fashionable ( the accidents of survival , as well as the subjective tastes of the Hellenistic librarians later in Greek history , also played a role in what survived from this period ) .

Until the Hellenistic period , all tragedies were unique pieces written in honor of Dionysus and played only once , so that today we only have the pieces that were still remembered well enough to have been repeated when repetition of old tragedies became fashion .


Thus , Thespis 's true contribution to drama is unclear at best , but his name has been immortalized as a common term for performer-a `` thespian . ''

Thespis 's contribution to drama is unclear , but his name is remembered in the common term for performer-a ` thespian ' .


Tragedy ( late 6th century BC ) , comedy ( 486 BC ) , and the satyr play were the three dramatic genres to emerge there .

They invented the genres of tragedy ( late 6th century BC ) , comedy ( 486 BC ) and satyr plays .


The centre-piece of the annual Dionysia , which took place once in winter and once in spring , was a competition between three tragic playwrights at the Theatre of Dionysus .

The centre-piece was the competition between three tragic playwrights at the Theatre of Dionysus , twice a year .


This was organized possibly to foster loyalty among the tribes of Attica ( recently created by Cleisthenes ) .

This was organized perhaps to foster loyalty among the tribes of Attica .


He was the first poet we know of to use a historical subject - his Fall of Miletus , produced in 493-2 , chronicled the fate of the town of Miletus after it was conquered by the Persians .

Phrynichus was the first poet known to use a historical subject - his Fall of Miletus , 493 , told the fate of the town of Miletus after it was conquered by the Persians .


Greek theaters also had tall arched entrances called parodoi or eisodoi , through which actors and chorus members entered and exited the orchestra .

Greek theaters also had entrances for the actors and chorus members called parodoi .


The proskenion ( `` in front of the scene '' ) was beautiful , and was similar to the modern day proscenium .

The proskenion ( `` in front of the scene '' ) was columned , and was similar to the modern day proscenium .


Martin Litchfield West speculates that early studies in Greek religion and theater , which are inter-related , especially the Orphic Mysteries , was heavily influenced by Central Asian shamanistic practices .

Some think early Greek religion and theater were influenced by Central Asian shamanistic practices .


Mathematics played a large role in the construction of these theaters , as their designers had to be able to create acoustics in them such that the actors ' voices could be heard throughout the theater , including the very top row of seats .

Actors ' voices needed to be heard throughout the theater , including the very top row of seats .


Being a winner of the first theatrical contest held at Athens , he was the exarchon , or leader , of the dithyrambs performed in and around Attica , especially at the rural Dionysia .

He won the first theatrical contest held at Athens , so he was the leader of the dithyrambs performed in and around Attica .


The city-state of Athens , which became a significant cultural , political , and military power during this period , was its center , where it was institutionalised as part of a festival called the Dionysia , which honored the god Dionysus .

Theatre was part of a festival called the Dionysia , which honored the god Dionysus .


The dramatic performances were important to the Athenians - this is made clear by the creation of a tragedy competition and festival in the City Dionysia .

The dramatic performances were important to the Athenians - this is made clear by the Dionysian festival .


Because of these , Thespis is often called the `` Father of Tragedy '' ; however , his importance is disputed , and Thespis is sometimes listed as late as 16th in the chronological order of Greek tragedians ; the statesman Solon , for example , is credited with creating poems in which characters speak with their own voice , and spoken performances of Homer 's epics by rhapsodes were popular in festivals prior to 534 BC .

The statesman Solon is said to have created poems in which characters speak with their own voice .


The only extant playwright from the period is Menander .

The only playwright from the period whose work has survived is Menander .


Database normalization is the process of organizing the fields and tables of a relational database to minimize redundancy .

Database normalization is a method of designing good relational databases .


An enhanced remake for the Nintendo DS titled Diddy Kong Racing DS was released on February 5 , 2007 .

A remake for the Nintendo DS called Diddy Kong Racing DS was released on February 5 , 2007 in North America and on April 20 , 2007 in Europe .


A racing game like Mario Kart 64 , Diddy Kong Racing also has a distinctive adventure mode .

Diddy Kong Racing has gameplay that is similar to Mario Kart 64 .


Diddy Kong Racing was remade for the Nintendo DS as Diddy Kong Racing DS .

Diddy Kong Racing is a racing video game for the Nintendo 64 game console .


It was the first game to spin off from the Donkey Kong Country series and stands as the Nintendo 64 's sixth best-selling game .

It is the first spin-off of the Donkey Kong Country series .


Depending on the race track , players may have a choice of using a car , hovercraft or plane ; this choice is restricted on some tracks .

Players can choose to use a car , a hovercraft , or a plane , although some tracks make the player use one of those .


The human heart has four chambers , two superior atria and two inferior ventricles .

In humans , the four chambers are two atria and two ventricles .


These included a dramatisation by Philip Glassborow of the comical A. A. Milne story `` The Princess Who Could n't Laugh '' .

These included a dramatisation by Philip Glassborow of the comical A. A. Milne story `` The Princess Who Could n't Laugh . ''


The show returned on 27 November 2006 for two one-off stories .

The show returned on 27 November 2006 for two stories .


The final story , The House at Pooh Corner by A. A. Milne , was read by Alan Bennett and broadcast on 24 March 1996 .

The final story , The House at Pooh Corner by A. A. Milne , was read by Alan Bennett .


Usually a single book would occupy five daily fifteen-minute episodes , from Monday to Friday .

Usually a single book would take five daily fifteen-minute episodes , from Monday to Friday .


Jackanory is a long-running BBC children 's television series that was designed to stimulate an interest in reading .

Jackanory is a long-running BBC children 's television series .


The show 's format , which varied little over the decades , involved an actor reading from children 's novels or folk tales , usually while seated in an armchair .

The show 's format had an actor read from children 's novels or folk tales , usually while seated in an armchair .


Jackanory continued to be broadcast until 1996 , clocking up around 3,500 episodes in its 30-year run .

Jackanory continued to be broadcast until 1996 .


The show was first transmitted on 13 December 1965 , the first story being the fairy-tale Cap-o ' - Rushes read by Lee Montague .

The first story was the fairy-tale Cap-o ' - Rushes read by Lee Montague .


From time to time the scene being read would be illustrated by a specially commissioned still drawing , often by Quentin Blake .

From time to time the scene being read would be illustrated by a specially made still drawing .


Jason John Bonham ( born 16 July 1966 ) is an English drummer .

Jason Bonham ( born July 15 , 1966 ) is an English rock drummer who is noted for being the son of Led Zeppelin drummer John Bonham , as well for his own music .


In 1988 , Bonham joined former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page for his Outrider album and tour .

He has a close relationship with former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page , and they have toured together in the 80 's when Page released his solo album , Outrider .


As the advent of a singles music chart spawned chart historians and chart-watchers and greatly affected pop culture and produced countless bits of trivia , the main purpose of the Hot 100 is to aid those within the music industry : to reflect the popularity of the `` product '' ( the singles , the albums , etc. ) and to track the trends of the buying public .

As the advent of a singles music chart spawned chart historians and chart-watchers and greatly affected pop culture and produced countless bits of trivia , the main purpose of the Hot 100 is to aid those within the music industry - to reflect the popularity of the `` product '' ( the singles , the albums , etc. ) and to track the trends of the buying public .


The first two major companies to provide their statistics to Nielsen BDS on a weekly basis were AOL Music and Yahoo !

The first two major companies to provide their statistics to Nielsen BDS on a weekly basis are AOL Music and Yahoo !


But on the concurrent `` Most Played in Juke Boxes '' , `` Most Played by Jockeys '' and the `` Top 100 '' , the two songs were listed separately , as was true of all songs .

But on the concurrent `` Most Played in Juke Boxes , '' `` Most Played by Jockeys '' and the `` Top 100 , '' the two songs were listed separately , as was true of all songs .


This was the first major overhaul of the Hot 100 's chart formula since December 1998 .

This is the first major overhaul of the Hot 100 's chart formula since December 1998 .


Example : The first number-one song of the Hot 100 was `` Poor Little Fool '' by Ricky Nelson on August 4 , 1958 .

Example : The first number one song of the Hot 100 was `` Poor Little Fool '' by Ricky Nelson on August 4 , 1958 .


The change in methodology has shaken up the chart considerably , with some songs debuting on the chart strictly with robust online sales and others making drastic leaps .

The change in formula has shaken up the chart considerably , with some songs debuting on the chart strictly with robust online sales and others making drastic leaps .


One of the most notable of these , but far from the only one , was Elvis Presley 's `` Do n't Be Cruel '' \ / `` Hound Dog '' .

One of the most notable of these , but far from the only one , was Elvis Presley 's `` Do n't Be Cruel '' \ / `` Hound Dog . ''


For example : The methods and policies by which this data is obtained and compiled have changed many times throughout the chart 's history .


The most significant ones are : The tracking week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday , while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday to Tuesday .

Chart rankings are based on radio play and sales ; the tracking-week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday , while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday to Tuesday .


Since February 12 , 2005 , the Billboard Hot 100 tracks paid digital downloads from such internet services as iTunes , Musicmatch , and Rhapsody .

Since February 12 , 2005 , the Billboard Hot 100 tracks paid digital downloads from such internet services as iTunes , Napster , Musicmatch , and Rhapsody .


The Billboard Hot 100 is the American music industry standard popularity chart for singles issued weekly by Billboard magazine .

The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine .


As of the issue for the week ending April 19 , 2014 , the Hot 100 has had 1,034 different number-one hits .

As of the issue for the week ending March 3 , 2012 , the Hot 100 has had 1,013 different number-one hits .


Rifles are used in warfare , hunting and shooting sports .


During sexual arousal , the clitoris and the whole of the genitalia engorge and change color as the erectile tissues fill with blood ( vasocongestion ) , and the individual experiences vaginal contractions .

During sexual arousal , erectile tissue fills with blood .


`` The erectile tissue of the glans is slightly different from that of the body and crura .

It includes erectile tissue , glands , muscles and ligaments , nerves , and blood vessels .


The jury did not hear testimony from a few other apparent eyewitnesses who believed that Sankofa was not the killer because they believed he was too short to be the killer .

The jury did not hear testimony from six other apparent eyewitnesses who believed that Sankofa was not the killer .


Sankofa 's attorneys then filed a civil suit in federal court in Austin , Texas , charging the execution was a violation of his civil rights .

Sankofa 's lawyers also filed a civil suit saying the execution was against his civil rights .


Shaka Sankofa ( born Gary Lee Graham ) ( September 5 , 1963 - June 22 , 2000 ) was a Texas death-row inmate who was sentenced to death at the age of 18 for the murder of fifty-three year-old Bobby Grant Lambert in Houston , Texas on May 13 , 1981 .

Sankofa was put to death for the murder of fifty-three year-old Bobby Lambert in Houston , Texas on May 13 , 1981 .


Sankofa was put to death following a series of last minute legal maneuvers , including an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court , which declined to halt the execution in a 5-4 vote .

Sankofa put to death after many legal tries by his lawyers to stop it .


The islands are inhabited by the descendants of the Bounty mutineers and the Tahitians ( or Polynesians ) who accompanied them , an event retold in numerous books and films .

The islands are best known as home of the descendants of the Bounty mutineers and the Tahitians ( or Polynesians ) who accompanied them , an event retold in numerous books and films .


In 2004 , charges were laid against seven men living on Pitcairn and six living abroad .

In 2004 charges were laid against seven men living on Pitcairn and six living abroad with sex-related offences dating back a number of years .


On 25 October 2004 , six men were convicted , including Steve Christian , the island 's mayor at the time .

On 25 October 2004 , six men were convicted , including the island 's mayor at the time .


The island was named after Midshipman Robert Pitcairn , a fifteen-year-old crew member who was the first to sight the island .

The island was named after Robert Pitcairn , a 15 year old midshipman who was the first person on the Swallow to see it .


By 2010 , all had served their sentences or been granted home detention status .

The men began serving their sentences in late 2006 , as of 2010 all men have served their sentences or been granted home detention status ( Pitcairn News , 2010 ) .


This history is still apparent in the surnames of many of the islanders .

This history still shows in the surnames of many of the islanders .


The Pitcairn Islands ( \ / ˈpɪtkɛərn \ / ; Pitkern : Pitkern Ailen ) , officially named the Pitcairn Group of Islands , are a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean that form the last British Overseas Territory in the Pacific .

The Pitcairn Islands are a group of islands in the southern Pacific .


Saleh previously served as President of North Yemen from 1978 until unification with South Yemen in 1990 .

Before that time , Saleh served as the President of the Yemen Arab Republic ( North Yemen ) from 1978 until 1990 .


On 2 February 2011 , facing a major national uprising , Saleh announced that he would not seek re-election in 2013 , but would serve out the remainder of his term .

On February 2 , 2011 , he announced that he would step down in 2013 .


Heads , arms , legs , and torsos were all created separately and then assembled .

The head , arms , legs and torsos were created separately and then assembled .


Upon completion , the terracotta figures were placed in the pits in precise military formation according to rank and duty .

Once they were completed , the terracotta figures were placed in the pits in precise military formation according to rank and duty .


It is believed that the warriors ' legs were made in much the same way that terracotta drainage pipes were manufactured at the time .

It is thought their legs were made the same way that terracotta drainage pipes were made at the time .


Studies show that a total of eight face moulds were most likely used , with clay then added to provide individual facial features after assembly .

Studies show that eight face moulds were most likely used , and then clay was added to provide individual facial features .


This would classify the process as assembly line production , with specific parts manufactured and assembled after being fired , as opposed to crafting one solid piece and subsequently firing it .

This would make it an assembly line production , with specific parts manufactured and assembled after being fired , as opposed to crafting one solid piece and subsequently firing it .


The Terracotta Army or the `` Terracotta Warriors and Horses '' is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang , the first Emperor of China .

The Terracotta Army is the buried army of Qin Shi Huang , an ancient Chinese emperor .


The terracotta army figures were made in workshops .


The Islands of Tuvalu consist of six atolls and reef islands .

Tuvalu is made up of 9 islands : Tuvalu has four reef islands and five true atolls .


A referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration .

It used to be called Ellice Islands ; it was part of Gilbert and Ellice Islands .


In 1913 , Köhler left Frankfurt for the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands , where he had been named the director of the Prussian Academy of Sciences anthropoid research station .

In 1913 , Köhler left Frankfurt for the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands , to be the Director of the Prussian Academy of Sciences anthropoid research station .


Köhler 's work on the mentality of apes was seen as a turning point in the psychology of thinking .

Köhler 's work on the mentality of apes was a turning point in the psychology of thinking .


In his book , The Mentality of Apes , Köhler describes how the apes use their hands , saying `` large , powerful and flexible hands are natural links between himself and the world of things , and he attains the necessary amount of muscular force and co-ordination at an earlier age than the human child '' Köhler ( 1925 ) .

In his book , Köhler describes how the apes use their hands : `` large , powerful and flexible hands are natural links between himself and the world of things , and he attains the necessary amount of muscular force and co-ordination at an earlier age than the human child '' Köhler ( 1925 ) .


In this research , Köhler observed how chimpanzees solve problems , such as that of retrieving bananas when positioned out of reach .

Here , Köhler observed how chimpanzees solved problems , such as that of retrieving bananas when placed out of their reach .


If the bananas were placed on the ground outside of the cage , they used sticks to lengthen the reach of their arms .

If the bananas were placed on the ground outside the cage , they used sticks to lengthen the reach of their arms .


In his book , The Mentality of Apes , Köhler explains that he was inspired to work with the chimpanzees for two main reasons .

In the book The mentality of apes , Köhler explains that he was inspired to work with the chimpanzees for two main reasons .


He found that they stacked wooden crates to use as makeshift ladders , in order to retrieve the food .

They stacked wooden crates to use as makeshift ladders , in order to get the food .


Though perhaps a simple error made in translation , many lectures in textbooks of modern-day psychology refer to Gestalt theory by saying `` the whole is greater than the sum of its parts '' .

Though perhaps a simple error made in translation , many lectures in textbooks of modern-day psychology quote Gestalt theory by saying `` the whole is greater than the sum of its parts '' .


In 1910-13 , he was an assistant at the Psychological Institute in Frankfurt in which he worked with fellow psychologists Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka .

In 1910-13 , he worked with fellow psychologists Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka .


This is one of the prominent findings from the research done on apes .

This is one of the most important findings from the research done on apes .


After many observations of chimpanzees , he concluded that these animals were capable of problem-solving and that they did not arrive at their methods through trial and error .

So , he concluded that the animals were capable of problem-solving and that they did not arrive at their methods through trial and error .


Wolfgang Köhler ( 22 January 1887 - 11 June 1967 ) was a German psychologist and phenomenologist who , like Max Wertheimer , and Kurt Koffka , contributed to the creation of Gestalt psychology .

Wolfgang Köhler ( 21 January 1887 - 11 June 1967 ) was a German psychologist who , like Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka , helped create Gestalt psychology .


He and Koffka functioned as subjects for Wertheimer 's now-famous studies of apparent movement ( or the phi phenomenon ) , which led them in turn to conclusions about the inherent nature of vision .

He and Koffka were subjects for Wertheimer 's studies , which led them to conclusions about the inherent nature of vision .


He was intrigued that human traits could be observed in the everyday behaviors of this animal .

The fact that human traits can be observed in the everyday behaviors of this animal was very intriguing for Köhler .


Köhler concluded that the chimps had not arrived at these methods through trial-and-error ( which American psychologist Edward Thorndike had claimed to be the basis of all animal learning , through his law of effect ) , but rather that they had an insight , in which , having realized the answer , they proceeded to carry it out in a way that was , in Köhler 's words , `` unwaveringly purposeful . ''

Köhler concluded that the chimps had not arrived at these methods through trial-and-error ( which American psychologist Edward Thorndike claimed to be the basis of all animal learning , through his law of effect ) .


They collaborated on the founding of a new holistic attitude toward psychology called Gestalt theory ( from the German word for `` whole '' ) , aspects of which are indebted to the earlier work of Stumpf ( Köhler 's teacher ) and Christian von Ehrenfels ( whose lectures at the University of Prague Wertheimer had attended ) .

They collaborated on the founding of a new holistic attitude toward psychology called Gestalt theory , from the German word for `` whole '' .


Köhler recognized that , as in humans , chimpanzees demonstrated considerable differences in the intellectual field .

Köhler recognized that , like humans , there is a great deal of individual differences in the intellectual field .


This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) at Nara .

According to the Imperial Household Agency , this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) at Nara .


The actual site of Seimu 's grave is not known .

The actual site of his grave is not known .


-571 AD ) , the 29th emperor , is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates ; however , the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as `` traditional '' until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737-806 ) , the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty .

The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as `` traditional '' until the reign of Emperor Kammu , who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty .


No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign , but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 131-191 .

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign .


; also known as Wakatarashihiko no Sumeramikoto ; was the 13th emperor of Japan , according to the traditional order of succession .


Together with Hydrocera triflora , impatiens make up the family Balsaminaceae .

Together with Hydrocera triflora , they make up the family Balsaminaceae .


Hybrids , typically derived from busy lizzie ( I. walleriana ) and New Guinea impatiens ( I. hawkeri ) , have commercial importance as garden plants .

Hybrids , typically derived from `` Busy Lizzie '' ( the well-known I. walleriana ) and te New Guinea Impatiens ( I. hawkeri ) , have commercial importance as garden plants .


For the French Revolutionary Calendar date , see September 27 Impatiens \ / ɪmˈpeɪʃəns \ / is a genus of about 850 to 1,000 species of flowering plants , widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and the tropics .

Impatiens is a genus of about 850-1 ,000 species of flowering plants , widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and tropics .


Impatiens have become one of the most popular garden annuals .


The scientific name Impatiens ( Latin for `` impatient '' ) and the common name `` touch-me-not '' refer to the explosive dehiscence of the seed capsules .

These plants derives their scientific name Impatiens ( Latin for `` impatient '' ) and the common name `` touch-me-not '' in reference to their seed capsules .


I. walleriana is native to East Africa , and yielded ` Elfin ' series of cultivars , which was subsequently improved as the ` Super Elfin ' series .

The original series of impatiens bred by Hope was the ` Elfin ' series of cultivars , later improved as the ` Super Elfin ' series .


On February 23 , 1998 , Netscape created the Mozilla Organization to co-ordinate the development of the Mozilla Application Suite .

On February 23 , 1998 , Netscape created the Mozilla Organization to help the development of the Mozilla Application Suite .


It owns a taxable subsidiary : the Mozilla Corporation , which employs many Mozilla developers and coordinates releases of the Mozilla Firefox web browser and Mozilla Thunderbird email client .

It owns two taxable for-profit subsidiaries : the Mozilla Corporation , which employs several Mozilla developers and sets releases of the Mozilla Firefox web browser , and Mozilla Messaging , Inc. , which creates the Mozilla Thunderbird email client .


The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that exists to support and lead the open source Mozilla project .

The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that was created to support and give leadership for the open source Mozilla project .


AOL assisted in the initial creation of the Mozilla Foundation , transferring hardware and intellectual property to the organization , employed a three-person team for the first three months of its existence to help with the transition , and donated $ 2 million to the Foundation over two years .

AOL helped during the start of the creation of the Mozilla Foundation , moving hardware and intellectual property to the organization and employing a three-person team for the first three months to help with the move .


The Mozilla Foundation describes itself as `` a non-profit organization that promotes openness , innovation and participation on the Internet . ''

The Mozilla Foundation describes itself as `` a non-profit organization dedicated to preserving choice and promoting innovation on the Internet '' .


When AOL ( Netscape 's parent ) drastically scaled back its involvement with Mozilla Organization , the Mozilla Foundation was launched on July 15 , 2003 to ensure Mozilla could survive without Netscape .

When America Online ( AOL ) ( Netscape 's owner ) stopped its involvement with the Mozilla Organization by a lot , the Mozilla Foundation was created on July 15 , 2003 to make sure Mozilla could survive without Netscape .


Founded in July 2003 , the organization sets the policies that govern development , operates key infrastructure and controls Mozilla trademarks and copyrights .

The organization sets the policies that govern development , operate important things that keep Mozilla working and control trademarks and other intellectual property .


Real wealth was defined by Arthur Cecil Pigou as the sum of the money supply and government bonds divided by the price level .

Wealth was defined by Arthur Cecil Pigou as `` the sum of the money supply and government bonds divided by the price level '' .


Because the effect derives from changes to the `` Real Balance '' , this critique of Keynesianism is also called the Real Balance effect .

Because the effect derives from changes to the `` Real Balance '' , this is also called the Real Balance effect .


The Pigou effect is an economics term that refers to the stimulation of output and employment caused by increasing consumption due to a rise in real balances of wealth , particularly during deflation .

The Pigou effect is an economics term that refers to the stimulation of output and employment .


He argued that Keynes ' General Theory was deficient in not specifying a link from `` real balances '' to current consumption and that the inclusion of such a `` wealth effect '' would make the economy more ` self correcting ' to drops in aggregate demand than Keynes predicted .

He also pointed out that it did n't include such a `` wealth effect '' would make the economy more ` self correcting ' to drops in aggregate demand than Keynes predicted .


Nine to eleven species are recognized from fossils found in different regions of modern-day China , Mongolia and Russia , with a possible additional species from Thailand .

Nine to eleven species are recognized from fossils found in different regions of China , Mongolia and Russia , with a possible additional species from Thailand .


At least one species had long , quill-like structures on its tail and lower back , possibly serving a display function .

At least one species had long , quill-like structures on its tail and lower back , possibly with a display function .


All species of Psittacosaurus were gazelle-sized bipedal herbivores characterized by a high , powerful beak on the upper jaw .

All species of Psittacosaurus were gazelle-sized bipedal herbivores with a high , powerful beak on the upper jaw .


Although they developed many novel adaptations , they shared many anatomical features with later ceratopsians such as Protoceratops and Triceratops .

Psittacosaurs were extremely early ceratopsians and , while they developed many novel adaptations of their own , they also shared many features with later ceratopsians , such as Protoceratops and the elephant-sized Triceratops .


Though cunning and ambitious , Nowak 's gung-ho recklessness earns him the disrespect of teammates , ultimately leading to Bishop passing him up for promotion in favor of Logan , which therefore leads to Nowak betraying the Rainbow organization with the assistance of big-time terrorist ringleaders .

Though cunning and ambitious , Nowak 's gung-ho recklessness earns him the disrespect of fellow teammates , ultimately leading to Bishop passing him up for promotion in favor of Logan , which therefore leads to Nowak betraying the Rainbow organization with the assistance of big-time terrorist ringleaders .


The game was released for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 on March 18 , 2008 in North America and March 20 , 2008 in Europe , except in Germany , where the game was delayed .

The game was released for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 on March 18 , 2008 in North America and March 20 2008 in Europe , except in Germany , where the game was delayed .


Michael Walters ' three year tour in 40 Commando Royal Marines included the military evacuation of British nationals from the Democratic Republic of Congo and active operations in West Belfast .

Michael Walters Michael Walter 's three year tour in 40 Commando Royal Marines included the military evacuation of British nationals from the Democratic Republic of Congo and active operations in West Belfast .


In 2004 Park received a transfer to the ROK Army 's 5th Special Forces Brigade ( Airborne ) .

In 2004 , Park received a transfer to the ROK Army 's 5th Special Forces Brigade ( Airborne ) .


It is a first-person shooter video game and the sequel to Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas .

It is a first person shooter video game and the sequel to Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas .


Nowak betrays more Rainbow operatives in Vegas 2 , mainly by posing falsely as an NSA agent , helping Bishop along the way for some of the campaign while actually putting Bishop in a state of danger , in order to kill him , which fails .

Nowak betrays more Rainbow operatives in Vegas 2 , mainly by posing falsely as an NSA agent , helping Bishop along the way for some of the campaign while actually putting Bishop in a state of danger , in order to kill him\/her , which fails .


Jung Park A character of South Korean nationality , Jung Park 's natural proficiency for computers drove him to serve his mandatory term in the ROK Army immediately after graduation .


He or she is a high-ranking veteran of the Rainbow organization , and is an instructor at the organization 's training academy when the game first begins .

He\/she is a high-ranking veteran of the Rainbow organization , and is an instructor at the organization 's training academy when the game first begins .


Knight If co-op mode is enabled , Knight accompanies Bishop on missions , whose appearance also varies depending on how the player desires him\/her to look .


His\/her role , however , is limited as merely a co-op player , and unlike some games , such as Gears of War , Knight is not critical to the single player campaign 's story , as elaborated on the Eurogamer review .

His\/her role , however , is limited as merely a co-op player , and unlike some games , such as Gears of War and Halo 3 , Knight is not critical to the single player campaign 's story , as elaborated on the Eurogamer review .


Bishop Bishop is the main protagonist that the player controls and guides throughout the events of Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 .


The multiplayer in Vegas 2 has been expanded to include more than 10 new close-quarters maps , two new adversarial modes , a newer and different rewards system , and according to Ubisoft , improved online matchmaking .

The multiplayer in Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 has been expanded to include more than 10 new close-quarters maps , two new adversarial modes , a newer and different rewards system , and according to Ubisoft , improved online matchmaking .


Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 is the seventh installment in the Rainbow Six series .

Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas 2 ( RSV2 ) is the ninth installment in the Rainbow Six series ( including add-ons ) .


Logan is seen quoting Bishop 's teachings at the last level , implying his respect towards Bishop ( to which Bishop replied , `` Who said that horse shit ? '' )

Logan is seen quoting Bishop 's teachings at the last level , implying his respect towards Bishop .


The experience point ( XP ) system is different from that in Rainbow Six : Vegas in that every kill achieved awards the player XP .

The experience point ( XP ) system is different than the old Vegas , for every kill achieved the player gains XP .


Bishop is referred five years after the first mission in the French Pyrénées , Bishop returns from retirement as the team leader of Jung and Michael .

Bishop is referred five years after the first mission in the French Alps , Bishop returns from retirement as the team leader of Park and Walters .


He is later seen during Bishop 's showdown with Nowak near the end of the game .

He is later seen after Bishop 's showdown with Nowak at the end of the game .


The game 's main antagonist , a traitorous former Rainbow operative as revealed in Rainbow Six : Vegas .

Gabriel Nowak The game 's main antagonist , a traitorous former Rainbow operative revealed as a mole in Rainbow Six : Vegas .


The main protagonist in Tom Clancy 's Rainbow Six : Vegas , Keller is seen in the opening level of the game , under Bishop 's command along with Gabriel Nowak .

Logan Keller The main protagonist in Rainbow Six : Vegas , Keller is seen in the opening level of the game .


This law is also called Kirchhoff 's first law , Kirchhoff 's point rule , or Kirchhoff 's junction rule ( or nodal rule ) .

Kirchhoff 's current law is also known as Kirchhoff 's first law and Kirchhoff 's junction law .


Kirchhoff 's current law combined with Ohm 's Law is used in nodal analysis .

Kirchhoff 's voltage law is also known as Kirchhoff 's second law , a closed circuit law , and Kirchhoff 's loop law .


They were first described in 1845 by Gustav Kirchhoff .

In 1845 , German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff described two laws .


Kirchhoff 's circuit laws are two equalities that deal with the current and potential difference ( commonly known as voltage ) in the lumped element model of electrical circuits .

The first law is Kirchhoff 's current law .


Widely used in electrical engineering , they are also called Kirchhoff 's rules or simply Kirchhoff 's laws .

This is the same as Kirchhoff 's junction law .


A matrix version of Kirchhoff 's current law is the basis of most circuit simulation software , such as SPICE .


She is also a member of the Swedish 4 x 100 m relay team at international competitions , and was part of the team that set the national record .

She is also normally a member of the Swedish 4 x 100 m relay team at international competitions , and was part of the team that set the national record .


Carolina Evelyn Klüft ( Swedish pronunciation : ( klʏft ) ) ( born 2 February 1983 ) is a Swedish retired athlete competing in heptathlon , triple jump , long jump , and pentathlon .

Carolina Evelyn Klüft ( born February 2 , 1983 ) is a Swedish athlete .


Klüft is 1.78 m ( 5 ft 10 in ) tall and weighs 65 kg ( 140 lb \ / 10.2 stone ) .

She is 5 ft 10 in ( 1.78 m ) tall and weighs 65 kg .


She is a three-time winner of the London Marathon ( 2002 , 2003 , 2005 ) , three-time New York Marathon champion ( 2004 , 2007 , 2008 ) , and won the 2002 Chicago Marathon .

She is a three-time winner of the London Marathon , two-time New York Marathon champion , and won the 2002 Chicago Marathon .


She has also been European champion over 10,000 metres and in cross country .

She has also been European champion over 10,000 metres on the track and over the cross country races .


Radcliffe is a former world champion in the marathon , half marathon and cross country .

Radcliffe is a former world champion for the marathon , half marathon and cross country races .


Her running has earned her a number of accolades including the BBC Sports Personality of the Year , Laureus World Comeback of the Year , IAAF World Athlete of the Year , AIMS World Athlete of the Year ( three times ) and a Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) .

Radcliffe has won many awards including the BBC Sports Personality of the Year , Laureus World Comeback of the Year , IAAF World Athlete of the Year , AIMS World Athlete of the Year ( three times ) and a Member of the Order of the British Empire ( MBE ) .


On the track , Radcliffe won the 10,000 metres silver medal at the 1999 World Championships and was the 2002 Commonwealth champion at 5000 metres .

On the track , Radcliffe has also won the 10,000 metres silver medal at the 1999 World Athletics Championships and was the 2002 Commonwealth Games gold medalist over 5,000 metres .


She is the current women 's world record holder in the marathon with her time of 2:15:25 hours .

She is the current women 's IAAF world record holder for the marathon with a time of 2:17:42 hours .


When Radcliffe was aged 12 , the family moved to Oakley , Bedfordshire and she became a member of Bedford & County Athletics Club .

Radcliffe 's family moved to Oakley , Bedfordshire when she was 11 .


Paula Jane Radcliffe , MBE ( born 17 December 1973 ) is an English long-distance runner .

Paula Jane Radcliffe MBE ( born 17 December 1973 ) is a British long-distance runner .


Radcliffe is an asthma sufferer who has campaigned against the use of drugs in sport .

Radcliffe is an asthmatic sufferer who has voiced her opposition to the use of drugs in sport .


She went on to study French , German and economics at Loughborough University , gaining a first-class honors degree in modern European studies .

She left university with a first-class honors degree in modern European studies .


Bracha Peli ( Hebrew : ברכה פלאי ) ( 1892-1986 ) was the founder and owner of the Israeli publishing house , Massada .

Bracha Peli ( 1892-1986 ) was the owner of the Massada Publishing house in Israel .


Bronya Kutzenok ( later Bracha Peli ) was born in Starovitzky , a small village in Russia , now Ukraine to a family of Hasidic Jews .

Bronya Kutzenok was born in what is now the Ukraine in a small village called Starovitzky .


Today Hebrew Book Week is a national 10-day event .

She starting the Annual Hebrew Book Week in 1926 .


There are two main types of fire extinguishers : stored pressure and cartridge-operated .

There are different kinds of fire extinguishers .


A fire extinguisher , or extinguisher , is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires , often in emergency situations .

A Fire extinguisher is a device which can be used to control a fire .


With dry chemical extinguishers , nitrogen is typically used ; water and foam extinguishers typically use air .

Bigger fire extinguishers can be used for a longer time .


Charles Darwin 's observations of these differences on the second voyage of the Beagle in 1835 , contributed to the development of his theory of evolution .

Charles Darwin 's observations of these differences on the second voyage of the Beagle in 1835 , helped him to develop his theory of evolution .


On islands with humid highlands , the tortoises are larger , with domed shells and short necks - on islands with dry lowlands , the tortoises are smaller , with `` saddleback '' shells and long necks .

On islands with humid highlands , the tortoises are larger , with domed shells and short necks .


The Galápagos tortoise or Galápagos giant tortoise ( Chelonoidis nigra ) is the largest living species of tortoise and the 13th-heaviest living reptile , reaching weights of over 400 kg ( 880 lb ) and lengths of over 1.8 meters ( 5.9 ft ) .

The Galápagos tortoise or Galápagos giant tortoise ( Chelonoidis nigra ) is the biggest living species of tortoise and the 10th-heaviest living reptile .


Despite this rebound , the species as a whole is classified as `` vulnerable '' by the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) .

However , the species is still classified as `` vulnerable '' by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) .


The tortoise is native to seven of the Galápagos Islands , a volcanic archipelago about 1,000 km ( 620 mi ) west of the Ecuadorian mainland .

The island is a volcanic archipelago about 1,000 km ( 620 mi ) west of the Ecuadorian mainland .


Shell size and shape vary between populations .

Their shell size and shape are different between populations .


His list still guides the taxonomy of the Galápagos tortoise , though now ten populations are thought to have existed .

The population of the Galápagos tortoise is getting smaller .


This decline was caused by exploitation of the species for meat and oil , habitat clearance for agriculture , and introduction of non-native animals to the islands , such as rats , goats , and pigs .

The decline is believed to be caused by over-exploitation , habitat loss and introduced species to the islands such as rats , goats and pigs .


Conservation efforts , beginning in the 20th century , have resulted in thousands of captive-bred juveniles being released onto their ancestral home islands , and it is estimated that the total number of the species exceeded 19,000 at the start of the 21st century .

Because of this , thousands of captive-bred juveniles were released onto their home islands .


Ten subspecies of the original fifteen survive in the wild ; an eleventh subspecies ( C. n. abingdonii ) had only a single known living individual , kept in captivity and nicknamed Lonesome George until his death in June 2012 .

Ten subspecies of the original fifteen survive in the wild .


Roger Daltrey , CBE ( born 1 March 1944 ) is an English singer , musician , songwriter and actor , who is best known as the founder and lead singer of English rock band The Who .

Roger Harry Daltrey CBE ( born 1 March 1944 ) is an English musician best known as the singer of English rock band The Who .


The GameCube was the first Nintendo console to use optical discs for its primary storage medium .

The Nintendo GameCube is the first Nintendo console to use discs to store the games .


The GameCube sold approximately 22 million units worldwide before being discontinued in 2007 .

The GameCube sold 21.74 million units worldwide .


Lance Edward Armstrong ( born Lance Edward Gunderson ; September 18 , 1971 ) is an American former professional road racing cyclist .

Lance Armstrong ( born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18 , 1971 in Plano , Texas , USA ) is an American bicycle rider .


In October 1996 he was diagnosed with testicular cancer that had spread to his brain , lungs and abdomen .

He did this several years after having brain surgery and testicular surgery , and a long course of chemotherapy in 1996 , to treat testicular cancer that spread to his brain and lungs .


In 1999 he won the Tour de France , including four stages .

Before his titles were taken back , he won the Tour de France seven times in a row , from 1999 to 2005 .


An unsourced article in The Economist states that in October 1920 a law prevented bakers from working before 4 a.m. , making it impossible to make the traditional , round loaf in time for customers ' breakfasts .

This made it impossible to make the loaf in time for their customers ' breakfasts .


A standard baguette has a diameter of about 5 or 6 centimetres ( 2 or 2 1\/3 in ) and a usual length of about 65 centimetres ( 26 in ) , although a baguette can be up to a metre ( 39 in ) long .

A baguette is about 5-6 cm wide , 3 to 4 cm high , and about 65 cm long .


A thinner loaf is called a ficelle ( string ) .

A thin version of the baguette is called ` ficelle ' .


The slender baguette , the article claims , solved the problem , because it could be prepared and baked much more rapidly , though France had already had long thin breads for over a century at that point .

The longer , thinner baguette helped solve this problem because it could be prepared and baked much faster .


In his first three seasons in European football , Falcao scored over 100 goals .

During the season from 2010-2011 , Falcao scored 16 goals in 13 games in the European League .


Falcao scored his first professional hat-trick on 28 September 2007 , as River made a historic comeback against Botafogo to progress in the 2007 Sudamericana .

In September 27 , 2007 , Falcao scored a hat-trick against Botafogo , which allowed River Plate to qualify for the quarterfinals of the South American Cup .


Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain ( María Antonia Fernanda ; 17 November 1729 - 19 September 1785 ) was an Infanta of Spain and the youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese .

Maria Antonia of Spain ( María Antonia Fernanda ; 17 November 1729 - 19 September 1785 ) was an Infanta of Spain and the youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese .


One of the most common types of arc welding is shielded metal arc welding ( SMAW ) ; it is also known as manual metal arc welding ( MMA ) or stick welding .

The common forms of arc welding include : Shielded metal arc welding ( SMAW ) : SMAW is also known as `` stick '' welding .


Following the wars , several modern welding techniques were developed , including manual methods like shielded metal arc welding , now one of the most popular welding methods , as well as semi-automatic and automatic processes such as gas metal arc welding , submerged arc welding , flux-cored arc welding and electroslag welding .

There are many kinds of welding , including arc welding , resistance welding , and gas welding .


Gas metal arc welding ( GMAW ) , also known as metal inert gas or MIG welding , is a semi-automatic or automatic process that uses a continuous wire feed as an electrode and an inert or semi-inert gas mixture to protect the weld from contamination .

Gas metal arc welding ( GMAW ) : GMAW is also known as MIG ( metal\/inert gas welding ) .


Gas tungsten arc welding ( GTAW ) , or tungsten inert gas ( TIG ) welding , is a manual welding process that uses a nonconsumable tungsten electrode , an inert or semi-inert gas mixture , and a separate filler material .

Gas tungsten arc welding ( GTAW ) : GTAW is also known as TIG ( tungsten inert gas welding ) .


There are several different ways to weld , such as : Shielded Metal Arc Welding , Gas Tungsten Arc Welding , Tungsten Inert Gas and Metallic Inert Gas .

One kind of welding that uses shielding gas is gas metal arc welding .


The welding region is sometimes protected by some type of inert or semi-inert gas , known as a shielding gas , and filler material is sometimes used as well .

A filler metal , in the form of a rod , can be used to add metal to the weld area .


A related process , plasma arc welding , also uses a tungsten electrode but uses plasma gas to make the arc .

Any welding process that utilizes an electrical arc is known as arc welding .


However , with direct current , because the electrode only creates the arc and does not provide filler material , a positively charged electrode causes shallow welds , while a negatively charged electrode makes deeper welds .

The electrode is usually made of the same kind of metal to be welded .


Ann Arbor is a city in the US state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County .

Ann Arbor is a city in the US state of Michigan .


Ann Arbor is home to the University of Michigan , a world-renowned institution of higher education .

Today , Ann Arbor is home to the University of Michigan .


The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837 , and the city showed steady growth throughout the 19th and 20th centuries , except during the Depression of 1873 .

The University of Michigan was moved to Ann Arbor in 1837 .


Ann Arbor was founded in 1824 , with one theory stating that it is named after the spouses of the city 's founders and for the stands of trees in the area .


The 2010 census recorded its population to be 113,934 , making it the fifth largest city in Michigan .

In 2010 , there were 113,934 people living there .


Ann Arbor also became a locus for left-wing activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement , as well as the student movement .

During the 1960s and 1970s , Ann Arbor was an important place for the civil rights movement , the anti-Vietnam War movement , and for left-wing and liberal politics .


Ann Arbor became the seat of Washtenaw County in 1827 , and was incorporated as a village in 1833 .

It is the county seat of Washtenaw County .


Because it is located east of the Snowy Mountains , the rain-bearing westerly winds deposit rain and snow on the mountains leaving the Monaro region in a rain shadow .

Because it is located east of the Snowy Mountains , the rain-bearing westerly winds drop rain and snow on the mountains leaving the Monaro region in a rain shadow .


The Monaro Highway is the main State highway which runs from Canberra south through the Monaro region .

The Monaro Highway is the main State highway from Canberra to the Monaro region .


Temperatures in summer are warm to very warm , with average maxima ranging from 28 ° C ( 82 ° F ) around Canberra and Queanbeyan to 22 ° C ( 71 ° F ) on the highest parts of the plateau .

The average maximum temperatures range from 28 ° C ( 82 ° F ) around Canberra and Queanbeyan to 22 ° C ( 72 ° F ) on the highest parts of the plateau .


Because the climate in the basaltic areas is too cold for really reliable cropping ( Nimmitabel has had frosts in January ) , the main industry is raising sheep and beef cattle .

Because the climate in the basaltic areas is too cold for crops , the main industry is raising sheep and beef cattle .


Much of the region is an ancient highland , but there is basaltic bedrock near Cooma and Nimmitabel that produce the only true chernozems in the whole continent , which are some of the best soils in Australia .

Much of the region is an ancient highland , but there is basaltic bedrock near Cooma and Nimmitabel .


The Monaro region is characterised by rolling hills that rise to extremely rugged peaks in the Tinderry Mountains and to shallow valleys in the upper Murrumbidgee .

The Monaro region features rolling hills that rise to very rugged peaks in the Tinderry Mountains .


Annual rainfall ranges from 430 millimetres ( 17 inches ) around Dalgety to 700 millimetres ( 26 inches ) at the eastern edge of the plateau , where occasional cyclonic storms can produce extremely heavy rainfall - in one day in June 1975 Nimmitabel received 256 millimetres ( over 10 inches ) of rain .

Annual rainfall ranges from 430 mm ( 17 in ) around Dalgety to 700 mm ( 28 in ) at the eastern edge of the plateau .


The Monaro region is a plateau area lying about 1000 metres above sea level , extending from the valley of the Murrumbidgee River in the north to the Errinundra Plateau in the south , and dropping rather sharply to the coast on its eastern side .

It lies between the valley of the Murrumbidgee River in the north , and the Errinundra Plateau in the south .


A small area of Victoria near Snowy River National Park is geographically part of the Monaro , whilst the Australian Capital Territory is frequently considered part of the region : most towns in the Monaro have very close links with Canberra .

The Australian Capital Territory is often considered part of the region .


Nights in summer can be cool , but in winter the region is the coldest part of mainland Australia outside the Alps , with July minima averaging -0.3 ° C ( 31.5 ° F ) in Canberra and -1.5 ° C ( 29.3 ° F ) in Bombala .

Nights in summer can be cool , but in winter the region is the coldest part of mainland Australia outside the Alps The with July minimum temperatures averaging − 0.3 ° C ( 31 ° F ) in Canberra and − 1.5 ° C ( 29 ° F ) in Bombala .


Elsewhere the granitic soils are heavily leached and very infertile , supporting a dry forest vegetation before clearing for pastures .

They supported dry forest vegetation before clearing for farming .


An imaginary number is a number that can be written as a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit i , which is defined by its property i2 = − 1 .

Imaginary numbers are numbers that are made from combining a real number with the imaginary unit , called i , where i is defined as .


At 0 on this x-axis , a y-axis can be drawn with `` positive '' direction going up ; `` positive '' imaginary numbers then increase in magnitude upwards , and `` negative '' imaginary numbers increase in magnitude downwards .

One way of thinking about them is to say that imaginary numbers are to negative numbers what negative numbers are to positive numbers .


Mick Foley tells the story of when Kid and Smith wrestled the team of Les Thornton and a young Mick Foley .

Mick Foley told a story of when Kid and Smith wrestled the team of Les Thornton and a young Mick Foley .


When Spivey came back , he and Billington took hits of LSD , which resulted in Billington coming close to death twice in one day , but he was revived with adrenaline shots by paramedics both times .

When Spivey came back from vacation , he and Billington took hits of LSD , which resulted in Billington coming close to death twice in one day , but he was revived with adrenaline shots by paramedics both times .


Since Davey Boy Smith had trademarked the term `` The British Bulldog '' during the Bulldogs ' previous run in WWF , he decided to return to the WWF as The British Bulldog , and would send people to the United Kingdom to warn the promoter every time a flyer was distributed promoting Dynamite Kid as a `` British Bulldog '' .

Since Davey Boy Smith had trademarked the term `` The British Bulldog '' during the Bulldogs ' previous run in WWF , he decided to return to the WWF under the ring name The British Bulldog , and would send people to the United Kingdom to warn the promoter every time a flyer was distributed which promoted Dynamite Kid as a `` British Bulldog '' .


After leaving the WWF , the Bulldogs returned to Stampede Wrestling to win the International Tag Team Titles .

The Bulldogs returned to Stampede Wrestling and won the International Tag Team Titles after leaving the WWF .


Dynamite was knocked out by Jimmy Hart 's megaphone early in the match , avoiding his having to wrestle in the match for story purposes .

He was knocked out by Jimmy Hart 's megaphone early in the match , avoiding his having to wrestle in the match for story purposes .


In the end , Dynamite delivered his trademark tombstone piledriver on Great Sasuke , leading Dos Caras powerbombing Sasuke for the pin fall .

In the end , Dynamite delivered his trademark tombstone piledriver on Great Sasuke which lead to Dos Caras powerbombing Sasuke for the pin fall .


Shortly after checking himself out of the hospital ( against doctors ' orders ) , Billington met with McMahon , who requested that the Bulldogs drop the tag titles to the team of Nikolai Volkoff and The Iron Sheik ; Billington refused , saying that he would only drop the belts to The Hart Foundation .

He would shortly check himself out of the hospital ( against doctors ' orders ) and met with McMahon , who requested that the Bulldogs drop the tag titles to the team of Nikolai Volkoff and The Iron Sheik but Billington refused and said that he would only drop the belts to The Hart Foundation .


While at the airport to return home on the next day , he had a second seizure ( as the first one was in 1987 , while traveling with the Ultimate Warrior ) and was sent to the hospital immediately .

When he was at the airport to return home the next day , he had a second seizure ( as the first one was in 1987 , while traveling with the Ultimate Warrior ) and was sent to the hospital immediately .


While recovering in the hospital from back surgery , Billington would later recount that Bret Hart showed up and stated that Vince McMahon had sent him to get Dynamite 's tag belt ; Billington refused .

When he was recovering in the hospital from back surgery , he recounted that Bret Hart had showed up and said that Vince McMahon had sent him to get Dynamite 's tag belt but Billington refused .


After an incident in which Rougeau had blamed Dynamite for having cut up his clothes for a prank ( in fact committed by Curt Hennig ) and Dynamite in return had confronted and punched Rougeau and his brother Raymond , he ambushed and assaulted Billington with three shots in the face while his fist was loaded with a roll of quarters ( including one in the mouth that knocked out four of Dynamite 's teeth ) Because of Billington 's history of bullying , many wrestlers thought he deserved the beating .

Rougeau blamed Dynamite for cutting up his clothes for a prank ( which was actually committed by Curt Hennig ) and Dynamite in return had confronted and punched Rougeau and his brother Raymond , he ambushed and assaulted Billington with three shots in the face while his fist was loaded with a roll of quarters ( including one in the mouth that knocked out four of Dynamite 's teeth ) .


Billington was known for being a legitimately tough guy and for his stiffness as a worker .

He was known for being a legitimately tough guy and for his stiffness as a worker .


Throughout his time in the WWF , Dynamite Kid made several enemies backstage , including Brutus Beefcake ( who - alone of the wrestlers on the show - had refused an autograph for Betley who was visiting his old student backstage at a 1986 WWF show ) The Honky Tonk Man whom Dynamite claimed had made light of injuries suffered by his friend Harley Race , - an account largely corroborated by Hart - and Jacques Rougeau .

He made many enemies during his time in the WWF including Brutus Beefcake because he refused an autograph for Betley who was visiting his old student backstage at a 1986 WWF show , The Honky Tonk Man whom Dynamite claimed had made light of injuries suffered by his friend Harley Race , - an account largely corroborated by Hart - and Jacques Rougeau .


Dynamite Kid made his WWF television debut on August 29 , 1984 , where he and Bret Hart defeated Iron Mike Sharpe and Troy Alexander in a match eventually shown on September 15 , 1984 , on the Maple Leaf Garden broadcast .

He debuted in the WWF on August 29 , 1984 and teamed with Bret Hart where they defeated Iron Mike Sharpe and Troy Alexander in a match that was eventually shown on September 15 , 1984 , on the Maple Leaf Garden broadcast .


Dynamite 's body had clearly degenerated to the point where he was practically skin and bones , as the bottom portion of his tights were very loose .

Billington 's body was clearly degenerated to the point where he was practically skin and bones , as the bottom portion of his tights were very loose .


Outside of the ring , WWF-champion Randy Savage once specifically asked for him to watch his back when he went drinking in a hotel bar frequented by NWA wrestlers , including Ric Flair .

WWF-champion Randy Savage once specifically asked for Billington to watch his back when he went drinking in a hotel bar which was frequented by NWA wrestlers , including Ric Flair .


Stu Hart and Stampede Wrestling switched their business relationship from IPW to New Japan Pro Wrestling shortly after Dynamite 's first tour , and he wrestled for New Japan from January 4 , 1980 , to August 2 , 1984 .

Stampede Wrestling switched their business relationship from IPW to New Japan Pro Wrestling shortly after his first tour , and he then wrestled for New Japan from January 4 , 1980 , to August 2 , 1984 .


He defeated Davey Boy Smith earlier in the tournament , and would go on to defeat The Cobra in the finals .

He defeated his cousin Davey Boy Smith earlier in the tournament , and then defeated The Cobra in the finals .


On April 7 , 1986 , accompanied by Captain Lou Albano and Ozzy Osbourne , the British Bulldogs won the WWF World tag team title from Greg Valentine and Brutus Beefcake at WrestleMania II .

The British Bulldogs , accompanied by Captain Lou Albano and Ozzy Osbourne , defeated Greg Valentine and Brutus Beefcake at WrestleMania II .


Before embarking on another All-Japan tour , he visited Dan Spivey and stayed in his home in Florida for a week , while Spivey went on vacation .

He embarked on another All-Japan tour and visited Dan Spivey where he stayed in his home in Florida for a week .


Billington would end up teaming with Davey Boy Smith as the British Bulldogs , while Bret would team with Jim Neidhart as The Hart Foundation , and it led to matches between the two teams that usually ended in No-Contests .

He ended up teaming with Davey Boy Smith and formed the British Bulldogs , while Bret would team with Jim Neidhart and formed The Hart Foundation .


On April 21 , 1983 , Dynamite and Tiger Mask met for the vacant WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship , but no winner was decided after the match ended up as a draw three consecutive times .

He met Tiger Mask again for the vacant WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship but there was no winner because the match ended up as a draw three consecutive times .


By Foley 's account , Billington manhandled him so badly in the ring that he could n't eat solid food for a time , and tore a ligament in Foley 's jaw with his trademark Hook Clothesline .

He said that Billington had manhandled him so badly in the ring that he could n't eat solid food for a time , and Billington had tore a ligament in Foley 's jaw with his trademark Hook Clothesline move .


The match itself was an odd sight , as Dynamite could barely walk due to back surgery , and thus needed to be assisted to the ring by linking arms with Davey Boy Smith .

During the match , he could barely walk due to back surgery and had to be helped to the ring by linking arms with his tag partner Davey Boy Smith .


On February 7 , 1984 , Billington captured the WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship by winning a tournament in New Japan Pro Wrestling ; although it was a WWF Title , it was primarily defended in Japan .

On February 7 , 1984 , he earned the WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship when he won a tournament in New Japan Pro Wrestling ; even though it was a WWF Title , it was mostly defended in Japan .


The Bulldogs also competed frequently in All-Japan Pro Wrestling where they were paid $ 20,000 each by Giant Baba , along with the liberty of choosing which tours they wanted to participate in .

They also competed in All-Japan Pro Wrestling where they were paid $ 20,000 each by Giant Baba .


In 1990 , Davey Boy Smith abruptly withdrew the Bulldogs from AJPW 's annual World 's Strongest Tag Determination League by returning to the WWF , and fabricating a story to the All-Japan office that Billington was in a serious car accident and was unable to compete .

Davey Boy Smith left to return to the WWF and fabricated a story to the All-Japan office that Billington was in a serious car accident and was unable to compete .


Thomas `` Tom '' Billington ( born December 5 , 1958 ) is a retired British professional wrestler , best known by the ring name Dynamite Kid .

Thomas Billington ( born December 5 , 1958 ) is a retired British professional wrestler known under the ring name Dynamite Kid and is best known for his time in known for his work in World Wrestling Federation , Stampede Wrestling , All Japan Pro Wrestling and New Japan Pro Wrestling .


Billington was also introduced to speed during his stay in Canada by Jake Roberts .

Jake Roberts introduced him to speed during his stay in Canada .


With his cousin Davey Boy Smith , Billington is also known for being half of the tag team the British Bulldogs .

He was best known for teaming with his cousin Davey Boy Smith and forming the tag team The British Bulldogs .


The match was promoted as a `` Legends of High-Flying '' 6-Man Tag featuring Dynamite paired with Dos Caras and Kuniaki Kobayashi against The Great Sasuke , Mil Máscaras , and his greatest rival , Tiger Mask .

He had his final match on October 10 , 1996 , at a Michinoku Pro event called These Days where he teamed with Dos Caras and Kuniaki Kobayashi against The Great Sasuke , Mil Máscaras , and his greatest rival , Tiger Mask .


Dynamite Kid was injured in December 1986 in a tag match in Hamilton , Ontario , Canada against Don Muraco and Bob Orton , Jr. and several wrestlers including Roddy Piper , Junkyard Dog and Billy Jack Haynes would substitute for him when tag title defenses were made .

He would be substituted by several wrestlers which included Roddy Piper , Junkyard Dog and Billy Jack Haynes when tag title defenses were made .


The Bulldogs wrestled their last WWF match at the 1988 Survivor Series .

He was involved in a real-life backstage fight with Jacques Rougeau and the Bulldogs wrestled their last WWF match at the 1988 Survivor Series .


Dynamite Kid began taking steroids in 1979 when Big Daddy Ritter , aka the Junkyard Dog , introduced Billington to the anabolic steroid Dianabol .

He started taking steroids in 1979 when Junkyard Dog , introduced him to Dianabol .


The duo managed to capture the AJPW All-Asia Tag Team Championships , but the partnership was short lived ; the years of steroid abuse ( including an incident in which he used horse steroids ) , working a high impact style , and cocaine usage caught up with Billington as he suddenly announced his retirement on December 6 , 1991 , immediately after the Bruisers defeated Johnny Ace and Sunny Beach at Nippon Budokan in Tokyo .

Billington announced his retirement on December 6 , 1991 due to years of steroid abuse ( which included an incident where he used horse steroids ) , working a high impact style , and cocaine usage .


As a result , he moved from Canada back home to Wigan , England with his parents .

He divorced from his first wife Michelle ( the sister of Bret Hart 's ex-wife Julie ) and moved from Canada back home to Wigan , England with his parents .


McMahon acquiesced and at a TV taping on January 26 , 1987 , The British Bulldogs wrestled a match to drop the titles to The Hart Foundation ; the match would air on the February 7 edition of WWF Superstars of Wrestling .

The British Bulldogs wrestled a match on January 26 , 1987 and dropped the titles to The Hart Foundation .


After doing big business in Canada , Dynamite was booked on his first tour of Japan , working for International Pro Wrestling from July 19-25 , 1979 .

After competing in Canada , he travled to Japan and started working for International Pro Wrestling from July 19-25 , 1979 .


Pictures and will be distributed by Warner Bros. .

Pictures , and will be distributed by Warner Bros. .


The film is a co-production of Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. .

It will be produced by Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. .


Pictures worldwide , except for Japan where it will be distributed by Toho .

Pictures worldwide ( except in Japan , where it will be distributed by Toho ) .


It is the second Godzilla film to be fully filmed by an American studio , the first having been the 1998 film of the same name .

It is the second Godzilla movie to be made by an American movie studio , after the 1998 movie of the same name .